2 s.goda - pvgs ok

Photovoltaic Technical Solutions Copyright © 2014 PVG Solutions Inc.

PV business DivisionTEL.+81-45-430-3691http://www.pvgs.jp/

PVG Solutions Inc.

bifiPVWorkshop 2014Chambery/ France

Experience from bifacial PV installations of Mega Solar using EarthONtechnology

27 May, 2014

Shinji Goda, CTO

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Hokuto, Asahikawa

http://www.pvgs.jp/


PVGS history

1

2007.3 Established

2009.9 19.0% n-type bifacial cell in lab. scale

2011.7 35MW factory started in Saijo, Japan

2013.4- Factory average efficiency 19.5% / 18.7%High Eff. development 20.2% / 19.2%

Head office / Yokohama

Saijofactory and R&D/ Saijo, Ehime

Hokkaido branch office/ Sapporo, Hokkaido

Technical service center/ Shanghai, China


Bifacial application

2


Advantage of bifacial

3

• Building wall, fence• No snow cover, no leaves and bird dropping• Good appearance

Vertical use (BIPV)


Advantage of bifacial

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• No snow cover, no sand and dust• No maintenance• Reflection gain from ground• Constant power generation independent on installation angle

Vertical use Slanted use

• Expectation of 10-30% gain byreflection from rear side

• Effect of snow


Today’s presentation1) Technology of cell and module in PVGS

2) Mega watt class solar plant in snowy region-Location and climate-Array design (angle, orientation, distance to next array)

3) Evaluation-Influence of snow (reflection, cover and shading)-Demerit of snow and how to overcome the problem-Power generation data

4) Conclusion-Advantage and problem of bifacial array system-How to overcome the demerit in snowy region

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Technology / Cell, Module

6


EarthON(PVGS bifacial cell)

Conventional p-typeType n pCrystal Cz-Mono Cz-Mono, MultiSize 156 mm 156 mm

Structure Bifacial Mono facial

Mass Production Average Efficiency

Front Rear Front Rear

19.5%（4.66W）

18.7%（4.47W）

Mono19.0%（4.54W）Multi18.0%（4.30W）

0.0%(0.00W)

Appearance Same

BF96%

EarthON

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Bifacial effective efficiency is calculated as 19.5% + 18.7% * 20% = 23.2%.


Cell mass productionin SaijoFactory

Avg. 95.8%Avg. 19.5%

BifacialityFront Efficiency

FrontSideEfficiency(%)

Percentage(%)

Bifaciality(%)(RearsideEff./ Front SideEff.)

Result in Apr. – Sep., 2013- Number of cells 740,000 cells- Wafer Company A (China), B (China) - Ave. Efficiency19.5 %- Ave. Bifaciality95.8 %

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Singleglass type Double glass typeStructure

Certification TUV certificated TUV and UL tobe certificatedApplication Slanted use Slanted use

Vertical useAppearance

Bifacial module

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Glass 4mmt

EVA

Transparent back sheet

Cell Cell Cell

JB

Glass 2mmtEVA

Cell Cell Cell

Glass 2mmtJB

Kitami, HokkaidoHigashi-matsushima,Miyagi


Cell To Module Power Loss

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0%

5%

10%

15%

20%255

256

257

258

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

268

269

270

271

Percentage (%)

Front Pmax(W)

Glass 4mmt

EVA

Transparent back sheet

Cell Cell Cell

JB

Result in June, 2013- Module structure Single glass type- Number of modules 1,196 panels- Cell 60 pcs in series- Cell front efficiency Ave. 19.4% (19.1-19.7%)

Ave. Pmax= 264W, CTML = 5.2%


MW class solar plant in snowy region

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Installation results of EarthONin Japan

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IPP Location Power No. ofMDL

Orientation/Angle

Started

①Hitachi Totsuka 500kW 2,130 South/20° Jul. 2012②Nishiyama-sakatadenki Asahikawa 250kW 1,064 South/40° Oct. 2013③Nishiyama-sakatadenki Asahikawa 1,250kW 5,320South/40° Dec. 2013④Rishirihigh school Rishiriisland,

Hokkaido10kW 40 South-

East/50°Feb. 2014

⑤Ebara Fujisawa 300kW 1,100 South/20° Feb. 2014⑥Asahikawa Suishi-kai Asahikawa 750kW 3,024 South/40° Aug. 2014

(to be)

① ② ③

⑤

④


Location and climate of AsahikawaAsahikawalatitude 43.50N.

-20

-10

0

10

20

30

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Tem

p. (℃

)

HighestAverageLowest

020406080

100120140160180200

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

Sno

w fa

ll (c

m)

Temperature 1) Snow fall 2)

Heavy snow! Diamond dust

Winter festival Asahikawa ramen

*1,2) Data from Japan Meteorological Agency13


Outline of plant

Location Asahikawa, HokkaidoPower 1,250kW (Front)

Module 5,320 panels (PST254EarthON60)

Installation South,40°

Operation Dec., 2013

HokutoSolar Power Plant(World largest bifacial plant)

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4m

1.5m 9.87m

Module

40°


Influence of snow

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3) Hidetoshi Aoki and Nakao Hirota, The effect of radiation reflected from snow surfaces on the generated energy of photovoltaic modules, 2012

Merit-High reflectance-No cost

Reflectance (%)

Wavelength (μm)

Demerit-Shading module surface-Piling up at lower side of array

Snow80%

Sand10-25%

A: Dry snowB: Wet snow

>80% at 600nm

How to overcome the demerit of snow have been a big problem for a long time in snowy region.


Solution 1 -Rear power generation

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However, the array generated 200kW which was ~20% of total power by the irradiation from rear side. Bifacial array is strong to snow.

Real time monitor of Hokuto1.25MW Solar Power Plant (10:47, Jan. 6, 2014)

Modules were fully covered with snow!


Solution 2 -Melting snow

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Bifacial 33°Mono-facial 33°

Mono-facial 45°

- Snow on bifacial array melted and fell down much earlier than mono-facial ones.- Bifacial arrays were heated because of the power generation by the irradiation from rear side and the snow became to melt earlier.

Testing in Hokkaido University of Science （Morning）

Modules were fully covered with snow!Consortium


Power generation data

0102030405060708090100

012345678910

1日 6日 11日 16日 21日 26日

裏⾯発電量表⾯発電量傾斜⾯⽇射量当⽇降雪量最深積雪

Power generation[kWh/kW･day]

Snow[cm]

Irr.[kWh/m2 ･day]

Daily trend in Feb., 2014

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Rear Front Irradiation. Snow fall Snow thick.

-PR showed poor in Dec. and Jan.because of continuous snowing.-However, it showed 1.0-1.1 from Feb. which was larger than mono.

-Rear contribution was stable so that the ratio of rear became lowerafter snow disappeared in spring.

-Bifacial was demonstrated to be strong in snowy region.

54.1

25.0

102.4

184.2

218.9

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

020406080100120140160180200220240

12月 1月 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 11月

裏⾯発電量表⾯発電量システム出⼒係数(PR)

Power generation[MWh/月Month

PR)[－]

Rear Front System performance ratio

Monthly trend

-Rear contribution was 22% in average.

-Bifacial was demonstrated to be effective even if in snowy region.


Conclusion

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Conclusion

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1. Advantage and problem of bifacial system in snowy region Merit High reflectance and no costDemerit Shading module surface

Piling up at lower side of array

2. How to overcome the demerit in snowy regionSolution 1 20% generation by irradiation from rear sideSolution 2 Snow melting effect by rear power generation

3. Result and evaluation- Rear contribution was 22% in average in winter season.- Bifacial was demonstrated to be strong in snowy region.- Bifacial market in Japan is expanding rapidly and PVGS will respond to them.


URL:http://www.pvgs.jp

[email protected] Solutions Inc.

Head officeNisso 12th Bldg. 9F,3-6-12 Shinyokohama, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama-shi, Japan 222-0033

TEL:81-45-474-5656 / FAX 81-45-474-5657

Saijo Factory / Laboratory455-1, Minato, Saijo-shi, Ehime, Japan 793-0046

TEL: 81-897-47-6030 / FAX:81-897-47-6031

Shanghai Technical Service CenterRm 2905, Kerry Ever Bright Tower2, No.218 Tian Mu Xi Lu, Shanghai, 200070, China

TEL :86-21-63536098 / FAX: 86-21-33030779

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http://www.pvgs.jp

mailto:[email protected]

2 s.goda - pvgs ok

Presentations & Public Speaking

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