Eng101-Bc08 16sp Stanko

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COURSE OUTLINECOURSE OUTLINEInstructor: Instructor: Jeannine StankoJeannine Stanko Semester/Session: Spring 2016

Course Number: ENG101

Course Title: English Composition 1Course Credits: 3Lecture hours: 3 Lab hours: Other hours:

Pre-requisite(s): English Placement Test or ENG100 and Reading Placement Testor successful completion of DVS101 or DVS103

Co-requisite(s): NONECourse Description:This is a course that introduces or continues to familiarize students with critical thinking, the principles of academic writing, and rudimentary research skills. Through the writing process, students refine topics; develop and support ideas; investigate, evaluate and integrate appropriate sources; edit for effective style and usage; and determine appropriate approaches for a variety of contexts, audiences, and purposes.Students must earn a “C” grade or better to register for the next course in this discipline or to use this course as a prerequisite for a course in another discipline.

Learning Outcomes:

Upon successful completion of the course, the student will: • Write academic essays that

o Develop a thesiso Create an organizing structure appropriate to purpose, audience and contexto Make valid inferenceso Support ideas with relevant explanation and substantial evidence detailso Integrate and cite information from relevant print and/or electronic sourceso Provide a coherent introduction and conclusion

• Revise drafts to develop or support ideas more clearly, address potential objections, ensure effective transitions between paragraphs, and correct errors in logic

• Edit and proofread, using standards for formal written English

LISTED TOPICSReview as Needed: 1. Using standard written English2. Writing process from prewriting to rewriting3. Developing ideas and supporting them with details4. Creating introductions and conclusions5. Using primary and secondary sources6. Quoting, summarizing, paraphrasing sources Further Develop: 1. Evaluating basic library and Internet sources2. Using examples to clarify ideas vs. proving an idea3. Avoiding 'cut and paste,' plagiarism and fabrication4. Revising to accommodate differences in audience, tone, persona5. Comparing and contrasting

of 12Introduce:1. Distinguishing observations, inferences & value judgments2. Summarizing or reporting a position vs. arguing for or against a position3. Problem-solving techniques4. Critiquing the informational or argumentative weaknesses of a document The student will produce five to seven reading based multi-paragraphed expository and argumentative essays of increasing difficulty, totaling 15-20 pages for the semester.

REFERENCES, RESOURCES OR LEARNING MATERIALS:(May be unique to each class)Current recognized texts, handouts, videos, study sheets, Internet resources and multi-media

Section Dates Days Time RoomClass Section(s) Time & Location: BC08 1/19-5/9 T/TH 9:30-10:45AM N307

Instructor: Jeannine Stanko Office Hours: T/TH: By AppointmentTelephone: 724-396-4158 Office Location: Writing LabE-Mail Address: [email protected]

Materials and Resources: Required Text(s): Reinking, James and Robert Von Der Osten, Strategies for Successful Writing:

A Rhetoric, Research Guide, Reader, and Handbook.10th ed., Boston: Pearson, 2014.

Required Materials: internet access Recommended Material: flash driveOpen Lab, Tutoring, etc. The Learning Assistance Center and the Learning Commons provide free

tutoring to registered CCAC students. Online services are available through smartthinking.com

Teaching Methods:The course will include direct instruction in the form of lectures; guided practice to include whole, small, and flexible group discussions, in-class writing, in-class grammar activities; and independent practice through homework assignments, essays, quizzes, and examinations.

In order to be successful in this course, each student should plan to spend 1.5 to 2 hours on classroom preparation for each hour of class. If the student is in class 3 hours a week, the student should plan to spend approximately 4.5 to 6 hours per week preparing for class.

Communication:A website is used to communicate with students outside of class. All materials presented in class by the instructor will be made available on the website. The URL is www.ConsolEnergyCenter.weebly.com

Evaluation Plan:Your final grade will be determined by dividing the points you have earned by the total points possible to earn. Rubrics will be given with each assignment to provide a clear understanding of how writing will be evaluated. Every essay will be thoroughly marked to give as much feedback as possible. Essays earning below a “C” may be revised and resubmitted. Please remember that students must earn a “C” grade or better in this course in order for it to count as a prerequisite for another course.

The grading scale is as follows:100-90% - A; 89-80% - B; 79-70% - C; 69-60% - D; 59-0% - F

http://www.ConsolEnergyCenter.weebly.com/

of 12Assignment values are as follows:Tests, Quizzes & Attendance 33% of final grade

Newsletters30% of final grade

Essays45% of final grade

Reading quizzes 50 points 1st submission (2/24) – 100 points Narration – 100 pointsFinal Exam – 80 points 2nd submission (3/17) – 100 points Comparison – 100 pointsFinal essay – 100 points Causal – 100 points

Argument – 100 pointsAttendance – minimum 120 points Literature – 50 points

Total – 330 points Total – 200 points Total – 450 points

Grades will be updated periodically on BlackBoard.

Other Policies and Procedures:

Attendance:Students are expected to attend every class. Each class is worth a portion of your final grade. Rough drafts, in-class work, and quizzes cannot be made up. Any homework assignments due the day of absence will not be accepted. If absent for a quiz, the mulligan is forfeited. If an essay is submitted after its due date, the mulligan is forfeited. If you choose to come to class unprepared, you will be marked absent. For example, in order to participate in the peer review process, you must have a completed rough draft. In order to earn credit for a rough draft, you must participate in the peer review process during your class time. You will be considered absent if you are not in class. You will be considered late if you arrive after I have taken roll. Lateness or early departure of 20 or more minutes counts as a complete absence. After three late entries or early departure, coming in late or leaving early will count as an absence. After 3 classes, the final grade will drop 1 letter grade for each subsequent absence. One class constitutes one hour of instruction.

In accordance with Title IX of the Educations Amendments of 1972, absences due to pregnancy or related conditions, including recovery from childbirth, shall be excused for as long as the absences are determined to be medically necessary. Students will be provided with the opportunity to make up any work missed as a result of such absences, if possible. The College may also offer the student alternatives to making up missed work, such as but not limited to, retaking a semester, taking part in online instruction, or allowing the student additional time in a program to continue at the same pace and finish at a later date. For more information or requests for accommodations, students should information their instructor(s) and/or contact Sumana Misra-Zets, Title IX and ADA/504Coordinator, at 412-237-4535 or [email protected].

Homework:Homework will be assigned periodically, as needed. Late homework will not be accepted.

Newsletters:After receiving a series of grammar instruction, the newsletters will be submitted with corrections completed to the covered topics. This process will be completed 2 times throughout the semester. Newsletters must follow MLA formatting guidelines. Newsletters are cumulative. Newsletters are to be downloaded from BlackBoard.

Essays:Essays:Essays must follow MLA formatting. Any essay submitted without a rubric forfeits its mulligan. Rubrics are distributed in class and are available on the class website. Essays must be submitted at the beginning of the class period to be on time. Due dates for all work are listed on the course plan. No late papers will be accepted for full credit except in the case of an emergency. Problems with a computer are not an emergency situation; CCAC has computers for student use.

https://outlook.ccac.edu/owa/redir.aspx?C=tjJs2YqSR0Sv9IujSFnTOJDatEHrudIIS7NVDuNXqWxmG0twOZEQyCFCsbQSUWD2Zhurzkx8Br0.&URL=mailto%[email protected]

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If you miss class the day a paper is due, email your essay to me as an attachment and copy/paste it into the body of the email for full credit. The email must be sent prior to the beginning of your class time. I will not accept essays for full credit when you return to class. When I receive your essay, I will respond to let you know that it was received. If you do not receive acknowledgement from me, you know that I did not receive the essay! It is your responsibility to ensure that I receive your essay. Do not wait until the next class period to resolve this because I will not accept the essay.

Quizzes & Exams:If absent on the day of a quiz, the mulligan for that quiz is forfeited. Exams may not be made up. If an emergency arises, it is your responsibility to contact me within 24 hours to make arrangements.

Mulligans:For each essay and newsletter, one mulligan or do-over will be offered. Any assignment submitted without a rubric forfeits its mulligan. All mulligans are due before the next assignment in the course outline sequence. Any essay submitted after the mulligan due date will not be accepted. The mulligan is forfeited if absent on the day of the original assignment’s due date as listed in the course outline.

When submitting an essay mulligan, the essay showing corrections, the original essay, and its rubric must be submitted. When submitting a newsletter mulligan, the corrected version, the original version, and its rubric must be submitted.

Plagiarism:A plagiarized essay will result in an automatic failure for the assignment. Plagiarism is representing someone else’s research, writing, or ideas as your own. Depending on the severity of the offense, a plagiarized essay or assignment may result in course failure and/or academic dismissal from the college.

Miscellaneous: All electronics (cell phones, iPods, etc.) must be turned off and put away during class. Texting or engaging in any electronic social networking will result in a class absence. If class is held in a computer lab, students who choose to engage in internet or computer activities without instructor consent will receive an absence for that class period.

Students should not be receiving personal calls nor taking restroom breaks during class time. If there is an emergency or medical problem, please let me know ahead. Otherwise, plan to stay in the room for the entire time.

Please be aware that it is very disruptive when students talk in class while the instructor is teaching or other students are asking questions. Every student should have a copy of the Student Handbook which outlines acceptable and unacceptable behavior. Any student who demonstrates an inability to conform to acceptable social conduct will be subject to the disciplinary policies and procedures of the college.

Please remember that it is school policy that children are not permitted in classes.

Drop/ Add/ WithdrawalNotifying the instructor of your intention to drop or withdraw does NOT count as an official withdrawal from a course. Procedures for drop/add/withdrawal can be found at www.ccac.edu/registration-services/. Students receiving financial assistance through grants, loans, and veterans benefits should consult with the Financial Aid or Military and Veterans Service Center before dropping, adding, or withdrawing from class. Students’ aid may be impacted by a change to the total number of credits in which the student is enrolled, or by receiving a W grade in one or more classes.

Consult the Academic Calendar on MyCCAC portal for these important deadline dates. Note that courses that do not meet within the standard 16- and 14-week terms have unique drop/withdrawal deadlines.

http://www.ccac.edu/registration-services/

of 12Failure to process these forms with the Registration office by the published deadline may result in F grades and have financial consequences.

Students with DisabilitiesThe Community College of Allegheny County makes every effort to provide reasonable accommodations for students with disabilities. Questions about services and procedures for students with disabilities should be directed to the Office of Supportive Services at your campus.

Title IX NotificationKnow your rights as a student. Title IX, the Clery Act and the SaVE Act prohibits sexual harassment, sexual misconduct and acts of sexual violence, including sexual assault, domestic violence, dating violence, and stalking. See the complete policy and how to report at https://www.ccac.edu/nondiscrimination/.

MyCCAC Portal and Academic EmailThe MyCCAC portal provides access to all course, grade and administrative information athttps://my.ccac.edu. All email correspondence regarding your academic work is to be conducted to and from your CCAC academic email account.

Access your course information, email, Student Handbook, incident reporting and college services at:

https://my.ccac.edu

Course Outline Corrections:During the semester/session, reasonable changes to the course outline may be academically appropriate. Students will be notified of these adjustments by the instructor in a timely manner.

https://my.ccac.edu/

https://my.ccac.edu/

https://www.ccac.edu/nondiscrimination/

of 12The following is the tentative class schedule for the Spring 2016 semester. In the event of cancelled or shortened days due to severe weather or emergencies, the schedule may be modified.

Course Plan:

Class Week/Date Lesson or Topic Learning

Activities Assignments Evaluation

Week 1January19, 21

Syllabus review, grammar diagnostic

introductions Thoroughly read syllabus Grammar diagnostic

Week 2January26, 28

Writing: A First Look, Planning and Drafting Your Paper: Exploration, Revising and Editing Your Paper: Courageous Transformations, Paragraphs, MLA

Lecture, group work, in-class writing

Read chapter 1 (pgs. 2-18), chapter 3 (pgs 35-56), chapter 4 (pgs. 57-81), chapter 5 (pgs. 82-103)

Read chapter 21 (pgs. 395-421)

Due Diagnostic Essay

Week 3February

2, 4

MLA, shifts, Writing About Literature, Poetry discussion

Lecture, discussion, jigsaw discussion

Read chapter 21 (pgs. 395-421), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719), chapter 19 (pgs. 318-346)

MLA assignments

Week 4February

9, 11

Writer’s conferences, scholarly article discussion, writer’s workshop

Peer review, group discussion

Read ancillary materials Due Lit paragraph rough draft

Week 5February

16, 18

Active verbs, prepositions, Narration: Relating Events, pronoun and antecedent agreement

Lecture, discussion Read chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719), chapter 8 (pgs. 141-157)pronouns

Due Lit paragraphs

Week 6February

23, 25

Reading discussion, run-ons, fragments, writer’s conferences

Group work, lecture, discussion

Read Dan Greenburg’s “Sound and Fury,” Maya Angelou’s “Momma’s Encounter,” and Marta Salinas’ “The Scholarship Jacket” (pgs. 464-474), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)

Due Essay #1 rough draft

Week 7March

1, 3

Writer’s workshop, sentence variety, Comparison: Showing Relationships

Peer review, lecture, discussion

Read chapter 13 (pgs. 219-231), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)

Due Narrative analysis rough draft, Essay #1 final copy

Week 8March8, 10

Reading discussion, capitalization, writer’s conferences


Read Chris Lee’s “Invasion of the Body Builders,” Richard Rodriquez’s “Private Language, Public Language,”


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Week/Date Lesson or Topic Learning Activities Assignments Evaluation

or Henry Jenkins’s “Art for the Digital Age” (pgs. 527-537), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)

Week 9March15, 17

Writer’s workshop, who/whom, apostrophes, Cause and Effect: Explaining Why, quotation punctuation


Read chapter 14 (pgs. 232-246), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)

Due Newsletter Revisions #1Due Essay #2 final copy

March22, 24

SPRING BREAK NO CLASS SPRING BREAK NO CLASS

Week 10March29, 31

Reading discussion, commas, writer’s conferences


Read Caroline Knapp’s “Why We Keep Stuff,” Chris Mooney’s “The Science of Why We Don’t Believe Science,” or Luscombe & Stinchfield’s “Why We Flirt” (pgs. 543-557), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)


Week 11April5, 7

Writer’s workshop, semicolons, colons, Argument: Convincing Others


Read Chapter 16 (pgs. 263-301), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)

Due Essay #3 final copy

Week 12April

12, 14

Reading discussion, other punctuation, writer’s conferences


Read Marissa Brown’s “Teacher Natalie Munroe Has a Right to Call Kids Lazy and Rude,” Jonathan Zimmerman’s “When Teachers Talk out of School,” Byron York’s “A Carefully Crafted Immigration Law in Arizona,” or Conor Friedersdorf’s “Immigration Policy Gone Loco” (pgs. 579-588), chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)


Week 13April

19, 21

Writer’s workshop, parallelism, misplaced and dangling modifiers, numbers


Read chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)

Due Essay #4 final copy

Week 14April

26, 28

Homophones, commonly confused words, appropriate language, exact

Lecture, group discussion

Read chapter 6 (pgs104-116), handbook (pgs. 607-719)

Due Newsletter Revisions #2

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Week/Date Lesson or Topic Learning Activities Assignments Evaluation

words, streamlining, visual analysis

Week 15May3, 5

Cumulative grammar review, grammar assessment

Review activities Review games, assessment

Grammar assessment

Final Exam

wjp10/24/06

Approved by Academic Deans 10/24/2006

of 12Newsletter Corrections #1

Directions: Following in-class direct instruction and practice, proofread the newsletters. The newsletters can be downloaded from Blackboard in Word format. The purpose of this assignment is to practice proofreading skills by systematically applying grammar rules to correct and refine the newsletters. This assignment should also show students the importance of following grammar rules in every major.

A – 10 pts. B – 8 pts. C – 7 pts. D – 6 pts. F – 5 pts.

MLA formatAll characteristics apparent

1 characteristic is weak or missing

2 characteristics are weak or missing


4 or more characteristics are weak or missing

Active verbsAll characteristics apparent





ending prepositions

All characteristics apparent





shiftsAll characteristics apparent




4 or more errors in grammar and mechanics

Pronoun & Antecedent Agreement






FragmentsAll characteristics apparent





Run-onsAll characteristics apparent





SentenceVariety






CapitalizationAll characteristics apparent





EARNED:90 Points Total

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THINK PINK. THINK AGAIN!

You wake up and on your morning commute the city skyline is illuminated in pink. You walk into the office and your coworkers are sporting hot pink shirts and buttons. At lunch you see those same coworkers munching way on KFC from a pink bucket and washing it down with pink bottles of Pepsi. After lunch your boss calls a team meeting because Katherine was just diagnosed with breast cancer, the third coworker this year, so he rallies the troops to support her by “baking a dozen for the cure” and wearing even morepink tomorrow. you come home exhausted from the day and put on Monday night football to sell all of your favorite athletes, wearing what other than pink. You say to yourself “If I didn’t know better I think I have been pink washed”.

The Pink Campaign is in the Epicenter of a Bad Health Paradigm

When you believe that the human body was created with flaws, that we are destined for suffering and cancer, then your approach to health comes from the defensive and not the offensive. If you believe that more pink is the solution to our countries cancer epidemic you are participating in this flawed thinking. Here is the problem with pink – it represents all that is wrong with allopathic western medicine and the theory that you will get cancer, there is nothing you can do – so find it early keep your fingers crossed and hope for the best. The majority of money outside of marketing and huge salaries for their top personnel (I bet their checks are even pink) goes to early detection of cancer with mammograms and treatment with drugs and surgery. One of those drugs, Tamoxifen, created by AstraZeneca (whom the pink campaign owns stock in) has a black label listing because it is a known to cause uterine cancer. http://ww5.komen.org/BreastCancer/Tamoxifen.html Studies have shown that women whom receive the most mammograms have he highest incidence of breast cancer because of the high amount of concentrated radiation directly into breast tissue. Susan G. Komen also has a very close financial tie to EG and lists them as million dollar contributer on their website http://ww5.komen.org/MeetPartners.aspx GE just so happens to make mammography machines. http://pubs.rsna.org/doi/full/10.1148/radiol.10100570 The money to fund such a campaign comes from corporations whom pink up their products like a bucket of fried chicken from KFC and beauty products with known carcinogens on the ingredient list. Fighting cancer with known carcinogens-insane – however justified by believing in a flawed health paradigm that the body was created unintelligantly with flaws and we are destined for suffering disease and cancer.

Maximized Living The Health Paradigm That is Sweeping the Nation

Now to the other end of the health paradigm that is centered around the belief that the human body is a self regulating self healing mechanism and needs no help to survive and thrive – just no interference with its ability to do so. What causes the interference in the body’s ability to heal? Subluxation in the spine choking off the brain from the body, a poor diet, lack of oxygen to the cells from a sedentary life style, a toxic overload of our cells and organs from living in such a toxic world, and the belief in the wrong health paradigm – sound familiar? When we participate in the correct paradigm of health – we no longer need to be afraid. We understand that cancer is not caused by a lack of mammograms, chemo and radiation – cancer is caused by a body that is unable to heal itself. We no longer need to surround ourselves in pink to feel safe from cancer; because we innately understand that we are destined for health not disease. Our model of health is your gateway to a long and fruitful life far from the oncology ward.

Let’s put an end to this pink washing madness and create a community of Cancer Killers. Someone once said that a “small group of determined individuals can change the world”.

of 12A Guide to be “Healthy for Holidays”!

And so it begins November has arrived and we are officially in the “Holidays”, that exciting time of the year when we get to spend time with family, friends and loved ones – but let’s be honest, that time is usually spent overindulging in food, drink, and spending. Add the stress of picking the perfect gift with little or no time to do so and we have created the perfect storm for a health disaster! We tend to celebrate the holidays from October 31 st until the first week of January for simplicity sake let’s consider that a total of 60 days celebrating. Add another 30 days throughout the year celebrating birthdays, anniversaries, national holidays, national doughnut day etc. and you have spent a total of 90 days – an entire 25% out of your calendar year neglecting your health! If you add all those “Holidays” up an entire 10 years of your first 40 on earth are spent overindulging during the holiday season – no wonder we suffer from the most heart disease, cancer and diabetes than any other people on the face of the planet!

Research shows that the average American will gain between 1-5lbs over the Holidays that they will never loose. Add up a decade of this behavior and you have watched your weight increase 10, 20, 30, 40, 50lbs in a decade’s time! Much of your middle aged weight gain can be a direct result of what you have done during a lifetime of celebrating the Holiday season.

The Holidays are a designated time out of our year to celebrate and appreciate God’s blessings upon us. Today the holidays have resulted in a time dedicated to decreasing your life expectancy as well as your God given potential. Clearly a misrepresentation of what the Holidays are all about.

Of the thousands of people I have consulted with about their health not one of them had said, “”I wish I would have spent less time focusing on my health.” In fact when I sit down and get eye to eye and heart to heart with someone in the middle of a health crisis they undoubtedly make the realization that they had spent too much time focusing on the things that didn’t matter – getting a cookie recipe just right, serving the right bottle of wine at a party, finding the perfect gift, and having the tree look better than last year. Not that there is inherently anything wrong with the above list – but when that gets the attention and your health gets put on the back burner people get hurt. Ask any child what they would rather have, mom and dad, grandma and grandpa wound for an extra ten Christmas’s, or the perfect ham, cookie, outfit or toy – and I believe you will have your answer to what is important this holiday season.

Here is the secret to a happy holiday season – enjoy it! Spend 6-12 days celebrating and overindulging (I will) not the 60 days the rest of America will be celebrating. After your overindulgent days make sure to exercise, follow the advanced plan for a week by cutting all sugars and refined carbohydrates while focusing on increasing high quality saturated fats, get plenty of rest simply scheduling a 20 minute power nap can drastically improve your health and cognitive function, take extra supplements, vitamin D3 at 10,000 IU’s will keep your immune system strong and curcumin and Indian gooseberry will aid in decreasing inflammation caused by “holiday foods” both curcumin and Indian Gooseberry can be found in our Daily Defense formulation. Most importantly schedule extra adjustments (I will). Like I said, I never hear, “I wish I would have spent less time focusing on my health.” I almost always hear, “I wish I would have met you years ago.” The perfect gift is the gift that keeps on giving a true health care system that empowers an individual to extend their years and live out their God given potential. Give that gift to someone you care about this holiday season.

of 12Proofreading Guide

1. Circle all “be” verbs.2. Circle the prepositions that end sentences.3. Check the verb tenses to ensure that none of the verbs shift.4. Ensure that there aren’t any shifts from a statement to a question or vice versa.5. Underline all pronouns. Check the pronoun’s antecedent to ensure that it exists. Ensure that the

pronoun and antecedent align in singularity and plurality.6. Double check that there aren’t any fragments or run-ons. Ensure the existence of sentence variety.7. Check the application of capitalization rules.8. Test the homophones their/there/they’re, you’re/your, two/to/too9. Cross out any inflated phrases, meaningless phrases (ie. due to the fact that), and clichés. Check for

offensive and sexist language. 10. Ensure that all apostrophes are used correctly. Remember – apostrophes show only possession or

omission.11. Look for dependent and transitional words (ie. When, therefore, secondly). Ensure that commas are

used after the dependent phrase or word. Do the inversion test.12. Look for multiple adjectives describing a noun. Use the And Test to determine whether or not

commas are needed between the adjectives. 13. Look for extra information not needed for understanding the sentence. Use commas, dashes, or

parenthesis to offset this extra information. 14. Highlight all of the FANBOYS. If the FANBOY is between two complete sentences, make sure that

a comma is before the FANBOY. If the FANBOY is not between two complete sentences, ensure that a comma is not used before the FANBOY.

15. Look for colons. Make sure that a complete sentence is before the colon. After the colon should be either another complete sentence or a list.

16. Look for semicolons. Make sure that the semicolon is between two complete sentences or is used to separate items in a list already containing commas.

17. Check hyphen usage. Hyphens are used when two or more words are used together as an adjective before a noun; between fractions and numbers; prefixes all-, ex-, self-; the suffix –elect; and between double or triple letters.

18. Are all quotation marks used in pairs? Make sure that any shorter works like short stories, poems, and songs are surrounded by quotation marks. Make sure that all direct quotations are placed inside quotation marks as well.

19. Check for parallelism in all items in a series, in items with conjunctions, in items with correlative conjunctions. Make sure that all function words (by, to, that, because) are repeated to clarify parallels.

20. Look for limiting modifiers (only, even, almost, just, nearly) and place in front of the verb only if it’s the word being modified. Make sure that modifying words and phrases are placed adjacent to the words being further described. Check for split infinitives, dangling modifiers, and squinting modifiers.

21. MLA

Eng101-Bc08 16sp Stanko

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