`y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡kølY (wcwmGgG) · 4 | c„ôv 8. `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae¯vi Riæix evRvi...

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y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡kølY (wcwmGgG) ms‡kvwaZ, †deªæqvix 2016

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K…ZÁZv GB ms‡kvwaZ `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi mnvwqKvwU Gi c~‡e©i ms¯‹iY‡K cÖwZ ’vwcZ K‡i| BDGmAvGBW Gi "BDGm ê‡`wkK `y‡h©vM mnvqZv" (U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance) Awd‡mi Avw_©K mnvqZvq GB mnvwqKvwU cÖ ‘Z Kiv n‡qwQj| wewfbœ cÖwZôvb/G‡RwÝ Ges mgMÖ †m±i I miKvix ch©v‡q 15 R‡biI AwaK e¨vw³i mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv/civg‡k©i dj GB mnvwqKv| GB mnvqKvwU K…ZÁZv ¯xKvi Ki‡Q †idv‡iÝ MÖæ‡ci wewfbœ m`m¨‡ì Kv‡Q hviv we Í…Z AwfÁZv wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g GB c×wZi A‡bK av‡c wKQz wbw`©ó wel‡q KvwiMwi Ávb cÖ`vb K‡i‡Q| wcwmGgG mnvqKvwUi cÖv_wgK ms¯‹vi (c~‡e©i wcwmGgGgG) 2014 mv‡j cÖKvwkZ n‡qwQj hv wQj BwmGBPI (ECHO) Ges BDGmGBWGi Avw_©K mnvqZvq B›Uvib¨vkbvj †imwKD KwgwU (AvBAviwm) Ges A·dvg Gi GKwU †hŠ_ cÖ‡hvRbv| g~j WKy‡g›U `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vi evRvi we‡køl‡Y A‡bK GbwRI Gi mxgve× AwfÁZvi Dci wfwË K‡i ˆZwi Kiv n‡qwQj| GB aviYv wb‡q GUv cÖKvk Kiv n‡qwQj †h gvV ch©v‡q cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci ‡evW©-wfwËK Bbcy‡Ui gva¨‡g ms‡kvab Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| BDbvB‡UW †÷U&m G‡RwÝ di B›Uvib¨vkbvj †W‡fjc‡g›U (BDGmGBW) Gi Øviv Av‡gwiKvi mvaviY RbM‡Yi mvwe©K mnvqZvi gva¨‡g GB wi‡cvU©wU cÖ ‘Z Kiv m¤¢e n‡qwQj| wi‡cvU©wU ïaygvÎ AvBAviwm (IRC) Gi `vwqZ¡/Kvh©µ‡gi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i Ges BDGmGBW A_ev Av‡gwiKvi miKv‡ii †Kvb gZvgZ‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i bv|

© 2016 `¨v B›Uvib¨vkbvj †imwKD KwgwU, BbK‡c©v‡ikb|

GB wi‡cvU© Gi †jL¯Z¡ msiw¶Z wKš‘ Gi welqe ‘ Ges Qwe (text and graphics), Gi c~Y© K…ZÁZv ¯xKv‡ii gva¨‡g †h †Kvb cÖPvi/GW‡fv‡Kwm (advocacy), cÖPviYv, wk¶v I M‡elYvi Kv‡R eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| mË¡vwaKvixi Aby‡iva †h, GB wi‡cv‡U©i cÖfve g~j¨vqb Rb¨ DcwiD³ mKj eënvi welqwU Zv‡ì mv‡_ wbewÜZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Ab¨vb¨ †h †Kvb cwiw¯’wZi Rb¨ GB wi‡cvU©wU Kwc Ki‡Z A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖKvkbv, Abyev` A_ev MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Gi Aby‡gv`b wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| B‡gBjt [email protected]

mswkøó KZ…©c‡ÿi Aby‡gv`b ¯v‡c‡ÿ A·dvg Bb evsjv‡`k, y‡h©v‡M wec`vcbœ RbMY‡K evRviwfwËK mnvqZv cÖ`v‡bi j‡ÿ¨ GB mnvwqKvwU Abyev` K‡i‡Q|

m~wPcÎ

mailto:[email protected]

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K…ZÁZv 2

msw¶ß kãmg~n 6

g~j cvwifvwlK kã 7

f‚wgKv 11

Aa¨vq 1: wcwmGgG ev¯ Íevq‡bi wm×všÍ 16

1. wcwmGgG Gi cÖ¯‘wZ 16

1.1 ms ’v wfwËK A_ev mn‡hvwMZvg~jK wcwmGgG cÖeZ©b 17

1.2 evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³/evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv g‡bvbxZ Kiv 18

1.3 cÖZ¨vwkZ/Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi †cÖ¶vc‡U y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’v wbwðZ Kiv 19

1.4 wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ †Km cÖ ‘ZKiY 19

2. wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY 21

2.1 wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY 21

2.2 g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ wba©viY 22

2.3 evRvi m‡PZbZvi AšÍf©zw³/AskMÖnY (inclusiveness) wbwðZ Kiv 23

2.4 D‡Ïk¨, gyj we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~n Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi gv‡S GKwU †hŠw³K µgšq wbwðZ

Ki‡Z wcwmGgG †Z wb‡¤œi Gi g‡Zv cwiKíbv cÖ‡qvRb

24

3. `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi weeiYi/msÁvqb 27

3.1 `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v wba©viY/Ae ’v msÁvwqZ Kivi wm×všÍ 27

3.2 Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvqb 28

3.3 we‡køl‡Yi †idv‡iÝ I `y‡h©v‡Mi eQi Ges mgq/gvm (season) wba©viY 31

4. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwa/e¨wß Ges Riæix Ae¯’vi evRvi eë¯’v wba©viY 32

4.1 Pvwn`v wbiƒcY 32

4.2 Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi e¨ve ’v wba©viY 33

4.3 cÖ‡qvR‡b g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ‡K Riæix evRvi eë ’v Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi mv‡_ mgwšZ

Kiv

36

5. eënv‡ii Rb¨ evRvi we‡kl‡Yi Uzj/Uzj mg~n wbe©vPb 37

5.1 Pvwn`v Ges D‡Ï‡kï wfwË‡Z g~j¨vq‡bi e¨cKZv wbY©q 37

5.2 evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Dchy³ Uzj (mg~n) wbe©vPb Ki‡Z we`¨gvb DcKiY Ges Áv‡bi eënvi 39

5.3 g~j¨vq‡bi e¨cKZvi Dci wfwË K‡i ‡fŠ‡MvwjK Ae ’vb wbY©q 41

6. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv 42

6.1 evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì GKwÎZKiY 42

6.2 wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wba©viY 44

6.3 wUIAvi P‚ovšÍKiY Ges cÖPvi Kiv 45

Aa¨vq 2t wcwmGgG ev¯Íevqb 47

7. Ae¯’vi wPÎvqb Ges we`¨gvb Z_¨ msMÖn/ R‡ov Kiv 47

7.1 evRv‡ii mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZvi Dci we`¨gvb Z‡_ï †W¯‹ wiwfI 48

7.2 wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi we`¨gvb Z‡_ï †W¯‹ wiwfI 49

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8. `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae¯’vi Riæix evRvi eë ’v wba©viY 53

8.1 mgMÖ evRvi `‡ji cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb Ges Zv‡ì we‡kølY‡K GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb 53

8.2 wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi Gi wPÎvqb 54

8.3 evRv‡ii cÖavb G±i‡ì wPwýZ KiY - gv‡K©U †PBb 55

8.4 `y‡h©vM Ges †idv‡iÝ Gi gvbwP‡Îi wPÎvqb Ges cÖv_wgK we‡kølY ïiæ 55

8.5 DcvË/WvUv msMÖ‡ni Uzj ciL Kiv Ges PzovšÍ Kiv 56

8.6 cÖv_wgK WvUv msMÖn 57

8.7 g¨vc P‚ovšÍ Kiv 61

8.8 gv‡K©U g¨vc Gi we‡kølY 61

8.8.1 cwiev‡ii Pvwn`v ev M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwmm 61

8.8.2 evRv‡ii ¶gZv/`¶Zvi we‡kølY 62

Aa¨vq 3t wcwmGgG djvd‡ji eënvi 64

9. evRvi wfwËK c`‡¶c MÖn‡Y/cwiKíbvq wcwmGgG Gi eënvi 64

9.1 evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs/Kvh©µgt GUv wK? 64

9.2 mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi c×wZ 66

9.3 evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs/Kvh©µgt t †Kvb wel‡qi mv‡_ mvgvÄm¨c~Y©? 68

10. djvdj wewbgq/AewnZ Kiv 69

10.1 wcwmGgG Gi wi‡cvU© P‚ovšÍ KiY 69

10.2 wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwikmg~n cÖPvi/AewnZ Kiv 70

Aa¨vq 4t wcwmGgG nvjbvMv` Kiv 71

11. evRvi ch©‡e¶Y 71

11.1 ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ cY¨ wbe©vPb 72

11.2 evRvi wb‡`©kK/ m~PK kbv³KiY 72

11.3 WvUv msMÖn msMwVZ Kiv 73

11.4 evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi djvdj‡K we‡kølY Kiv 74

11.5 `xN© †gqv`x Uz‡ji wel‡q AewnZ Kwi‡q †`qv 75

12. †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ nvjbvMv`KiY 76

12.1 hw`/hLb `y‡h©vM AvNvZ K‡i ZLb `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ (crisis map) nvjbvMv`KiY 76

12.2 Ae ’vi hw` e¨cK cwieZ©b nq Z‡e wcwmGgG cybwe©‡ePbv Kiv 77

A¨v‡b· 79

wcwmGgG Gi G‡RÛvi bgybv 79

wcwmGgG Gi wUIAvi (ToR) Gi bgybv 80

†m‡KÛvix WvUv wiwfI Gi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I‡qemvBU 83

WvUv msMÖ‡ni cÖkœgvjvq (DATA-COLLECTION QUESTIONNAIRE) hy³ n‡Z cv‡i

Ggb wKQz cÖ‡kœi wj÷

84

wcwmGgG wi‡cv‡U©i bgybv 91

e· mg~n

e· 1t wcwmGgG Ges `xN© †gqv`x evRvi we‡køl‡Yi UzjwKU 12

e· 2t GB mnvwqKv bw_‡Z D‡wLZ UzjwKU mg~n 14

e· 3t wcwmGgG Gi mycvwik mgy‡ni MÖnY wbwðZKiY 17

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e· 4t M„nvqb Ges Avkªq cÖ`vb m¤cwK©Z Riæix evRvi eë ’v mg~n 34

e· 5 evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Ab¨vb¨ c×wZ 40

e· 6 "`¶ Rbkw³i cÖ‡qvRbxqZv" mwVK evRvi `j wbe©vPb 44

e· 7 wbivcËv Ges evRvi we‡kølY 45

e· 8 AskMÖnYg~jK eënvi wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwik mg~‡ni cÖKvk wbwðZ

K‡i

54

e· 9t h_vh_ mywbw`©óZvi Afve 59

e· 10: GKwU cwi”Qbœ, ¯”Q Ges Kv©h-wbf©i wi‡cvU© - mvd‡jï g~j Dcv`vb 69

e· 11: P‚ovšÍ djdj Rvbv‡bv/AewnZ Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKš‘ h‡_ó bq 70

e· 12: `ªe¨g~j¨ ch©‡eÿY 73

†Uwej mg~n

†Uwej 1t †hŠw³K µgšqt wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨, g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~n Ges Kvh©µ‡gi

cÖKvi‡f`

25

†Uwej 2: m¤¢vebv Ges cybive„wËi cÖKvi‡f` 28

†Uwej 3: cÖfv‡ei cÖKvi‡f` 29

†Uwej 4: `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v we‡køl‡Yi g¨vwUª· 30

†Uwej 5: Riæix evRvi eë ’v wbe©vP‡b i¨vswKs †Uwej 35

†Uwej 6: jvBU UvP Ges Mfxifv‡e g~j¨vqb? 38

‡Uwej 7: evRvi ’vb cwi`k©‡bi msL¨v 41

†Uwej 8 wewfbœ gv‡K©U G±‡ii gv‡S mgq e›Ub 58

†Uwej 9t evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs/Kvh©µgt GUv wK? 65

‡Uwej 10: evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi wb‡`©kK mg~n 72

wPÎ mg~n

wPÎ 1: wcwmGgG eënv‡ii Rb¨ `j MVb 43

wPÎ 2: evRvi-wfwËK Kvh©µ‡gi wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi Uªx 67

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msw¶ß kãmg~n

K¨ví (CaLP) K¨vk jvwb©s cvU©bviwkc

wWAviAvi (DRR) wWRv÷vi wi¯‹ wiWvKkb

BwmGBPI (ECHO) BD‡ivwcqvb Kwgkb- wnD‡gwbUvwiqvb AvBW GÛ wmwfj †cÖv‡UKkb

BGgGgG (EMMA) Bgvi‡RwÝ gv‡K©U g¨vwcs GÛ A¨vbvjvBwmm UzjwKU

BGdGmGj/GdGmGj (EFSL/FSL) Bgvi‡RwÝ/dzW wmwKDwiwU GÛ jvBfwjûW

BWweøDGm (EWS) Avwj© Iqvwb©s wm‡÷g

GdGI (FAO) dzW GÛ GwMÖPvjPvi AM©vbvB‡Rkb Ad `¨v BDbvB‡UW †bkbm

GdBWweøDGmGbBwU (FEWSNET) †dwgb Avwj© Iqvwb©s wm‡÷g †bUIqvK

wRBGg (GEM) †RÛviW G›UvicÖvBR GÛ gv‡K©U

GBPBG (HEA) nvDR‡nvì BKbwg G‡cÖvP

AvBwcwm (IPC) Bw›U‡MÖ‡UW †dR K¬vwmwd‡Kkb di dzW wmwKDwiwU

Gg‡dviwc (M4P) †gwKs gvi‡KUm IqvK© di `¨v †cvi

GgGwR (MAG) gv‡K©U G‡mm‡g›U MvB‡WÝ

GgGdwc (MFP) gv‡K©U †dvKvj c‡q›U

GgAvBAviG (MIRA) gvwë-K¬v÷vi/‡m±i Bwbwkqvj †iwcW G‡mm‡g›U

wcwmGgG (PCMA) wcÖ-µvBwmm gv‡K©U A¨vbvjvBwmm

AviGGg (RAM) †iwcW G‡mm‡g›U di gv‡K©Um MvB‡WÝ

wUIAvi (ToR) Uvigm Ae †idv‡iÝ

BDGmGAvBwW (USAID) BDbvB‡UW †÷Um G‡RwÝ di B›Uvib¨vkbvj †W‡fjc‡g›U

WweøDGGmGBP (Iqvk) (WASH) IqvUvi, m¨vwb‡Ukb GÛ nvBwRb

WweøDGdwc (WFP) BDbvB‡UW †bkÝ Iqvì© dzW †cÖvMÖvg

7 | c„ôv

g~j cvwifvwlK kã

GB mnvwqKvq eëüZ g~j cvwifvwlK k‡ãi e¨vL¨v

cÖwZ‡hvwMZvt hLb †Kvb evRv‡i h‡_ó msL¨K eëmvqx (we‡µZv A_ev †µZv) eëmv‡qi D‡Ï‡k¨ G‡K A‡bï mv‡_ cÖwZØw›ØZv K‡i ZLb cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi m„wó nq, †hgb †Kvb GKK e¨vw³ ev G›UvicÖvBR evRv‡i KZ©…Z¡/AvwacZ¨ Ki‡e bv ('GK‡PwUqv evRvi' ev 'evRvi ¶gZv' ªóe¨)| c~Y© cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi evRv‡i †KD †Kvb cY¨ ev †mevi Rb¨ Ab¨vh¨ `vg wba©viY Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Gi d‡j †µZv‡ì Rb¨ Kg g~‡j¨ A_ev fv‡jv gv‡bi cY¨ cÖ`vb K‡i, A_ev Drcv`K Ges Kg©xiv AwaK jvfevb nb| ëmvqxMY hw` †Kvb c‡Yï g~j¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z wb‡R‡ì gv‡S `yiwfwmwÜ Ki‡Z bv cv‡i Z‡e GB c~Y©cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi evRvi cÖwZwôZ nq|

Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vt GB wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vwU Afxó RbM‡Yi Riæix Ae ’vi mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z mKj wel‡qi mv‡_ hy³| g~jZ, GB evRvi eë ’v¸‡jvi cÖavb `vwqZ¡ n‡e Afxó RbM‡Yi Acwinvh© Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv|

Kvh©Ki Pvwn`vt Kvh©Ki Pvwn`v n‡jv GKwU wbw ©ó A_©‰bwZK cY¨, DcKiY A_ev †mevi cwigvY, hv wKQz msL¨K µZv wbw`©ó `v‡g µq Ki‡Z Pvb| Pvwn`v we‡k øl‡Y †µZvi Pvwn`v Ges µ‡qi B”Qvi mv‡_ Zvi µq ¶gZv‡KI we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| †hLv‡b Afxó RbM‡Yi A‡_©i Afve GKwU D‡j øL‡hvM¨ mxgve×Zv, †mLv‡b Avw_©K Aby`vb/c`‡¶‡ci Zvr¶wbK djvdj wn‡m‡e Kvh©Ki Pvwn`vi cwigvY e„w× cvq|

†hvMvb/mieiv‡ni w ’wZ ’vcKZvt Drcv`K A_ev eëmvqx‡ì Øviv mieivnK…Z †Kvb c‡Yï `v‡gi ms‡e`bkxj cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ Gi †hvMv‡bi/mieiv‡ni †h cwieZ©b nq Zvi cwigvY nj †hvMvb/mieiv‡ni w ’wZ ’vcKZv| †h me c‡Yï mieivn `vg e„w×i d‡jI Lye mn‡R e¨cK cwigv‡Y mieivn/‡hvMvb †`qv hvq †m me c‡Yï mieivn "w ’wZ ’vcK mieivn"| †h mKj c‡Yï AwaK Drcv`b ev Avg`vwb Lye mn‡RB Kiv KwVb †m mKj c‡Yï mieivn "Aw ’wZ ’vcK mieivn"| Riæix Ae ’vq, mvcøvB †PBb e¨nZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y ªe¨/ c‡Yï w ’wZ ’vcKZv wba©viY cÖvqB AwbwðZ nq| M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwmmt GUv Bgvi‡RwÝ gv‡K©U g¨vwcs Ges A¨vbvjvBwmm (EMMA) UzjwKU Gi GKwU Uzj hv Afxó RbM‡Yi Riæix Ae ’vi Ac~iYxq Pvwn`v wba©viY Ki‡Z eëüZ nq|

gy`ªvùxwZt A_©bxwZ‡Z cY¨mvgMÖx Ges †mevi `v‡gi Íi µgvMZ e„w× cvevi cÖeYZv n‡jv gy`ªvùxwZ| hLb mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ `ªe¨g~‡jï ¯vfvweK e„w× N‡U ZLbB gy`ªvùxwZ nq| Z‡e, mKj `ªe¨g~‡jï Avewk¨K e„w× ev GKB nv‡i e„w× n‡jB Zv gy ªvùxwZ n‡e bv eis G‡¶‡Î Mo g~j¨ µgvMZ e„w×cv‡e| `y‡h©v‡Mi mv‡_ m¤cK©hy³ Kvi‡Y `ªe¨gy‡jï e„w× NU‡Z cv‡i, wKš‘ GB KviY¸‡jv GKwU gy`ªvùxwZ A_©bxwZi Aš—wb©wnZ wewkó n‡Z cv‡i|

evRvit evRvi n‡jv Ggb GKwU cÖPwjZ A_ev AcÖPwjZ †Kvb Ae ’vb (ev ÍweK/‡fŠ‡MvwjK †Kvb ’vb n‡Z n‡e Ggb Riæix bq) †hLv‡b †µZv Ges we‡µZv bM` A_© A_ev Ab¨vb¨ ª‡eï Rb¨ cY¨, kªg A_ev †mevi wewbgq K‡i| ¯vfvweK fv‡e "evRvi" kãwU Ggb GKwU ’vb‡K †evSvq †hLv‡b cY¨ A_ev †mevi wewbgq N‡U| KL‡bv evRvi fD‡MvwjK Ae ’v‡bi †P‡q eis †hvMvb Ges Pvwn`vi cwigvb‡K †evSvq †hgb; "Lv`¨ k‡mï Avg`vwb evRv‡ii 40% Afve c~iY K‡i"|

gv‡K©U G±it evRvi eë ’vq AšÍf©z³ cY¨ Drcv`K, mieivnKvix, eëmvqx, cÖwµqvKvix Ges †fv³v mn wfbœ wfbœ mKj e¨vw³ Ges G›UvicÖvBR‡K †evSvq hviv evRv‡i µq Ges weµ‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ|

g~j cvwifvwlK kã

8 | c„ôv

evRvi we‡kølbt evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi mgq WvUv msM Ö‡ni gva¨‡g GKwU evRvi eë ’vi g~j welq Ges êwkó¨ m¤c‡K© aviYv †bqvi c×wZB n‡jv evRvi we‡k ølY, hvi d‡j fwel¨‡Z c‡Yï `vg, cÖvc¨Zv Ges AwfMg¨Zv m¤c‡K© GKwU aviYv Kiv hvq Ges †Kv_vq I wKfv‡e c`‡¶c wb‡Z n‡e †m m¤c‡K© wm×všÍ †bqv hvq| ev ÍweK fv‡e, GB "evRvi we‡kølY" kãwU cÖvqB fzjekZ "evRvi g~j¨vqb" kãwUi mv‡_ e`j n‡q eëüZ nq| evRvi g~j¨vqbt gvbweK mvnv‡hï †¶‡Î, †Kvb GKwU evRv‡ii g~j êwkó¨ Ges welq m¤c‡K© aviYv wb‡Z A_ev GB evRvi eë ’vq `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z evRvi-m¤cwK©Z WvUv msMÖ‡ni c×wZ‡K †evSvq|

evRvi-wfwËK Kvh©µgt †h cÖKímg~n ’vbxq evRv‡ii gva¨‡g A_ev ’vbxq evRvi‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z KvR K‡i| GB ai‡bi Kvh©µg evRvi eë ’vcbvq RwoZ mKj ai‡bi KvR †hgb ÎvY weZi‡Yi eë ’vcbv †_‡K ïiæ K‡i ’vbxq evRvi‡K kw³kvjxKib Ges DbœZKi‡Y mnvqZv K‡i

evRv‡ii †eRjvBbt evRv‡ii †eBRjvBb n‡jv †idv‡iÝ mg‡q evRvi eë ’vi we‡kølY|

gv‡K©U †PBbt GKwU mvcøvB †PBb A_ev f¨vj y †PB‡bi Rb¨ ¯vfvweK GKwU cwifvlv| GUv gv‡K©U G±i‡ì GKwU µg, hviv µq K‡i, weµq K‡i, A_ev †Kvb cY¨ ev DcKi‡Yi cÖv_wgK Drcv`K †_‡K P ‚ovšÍ †fv³v ch©šÍ †cŠuQvbi cÖwZwU av‡c g~j¨ ms‡hvRb K‡i|

evRvi KwgwUi/`‡ji cÖavbt wZwb wcwmGgG Gi Kvh©µ‡gi cÖ ‘wZ ce© †_‡K Gi djvdj¸‡jv wbw`©ó †cÖvMÖv‡g eënv‡i mgš‡qi mKj `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡Kb| evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb †mB e¨vw³, whwb evRv‡ii g~j wb‡`©kK¸‡jvi ch©‡e¶Y wbwðZ K‡ib Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b wcwmGgG †K nvjbvMv` K‡ib| GB c‡ì cÖv_wgK `vwqZ¡ KvwiMwi `¶Zv Ges/wcwmGgG eënv‡ii Rb¨ mnvqZv bq eis wZwb mgšq Ges †bZ…‡Z¡i `vwq‡Z¡ _v‡Kb|

evRvi mgšq (Market integration)t hLb ’vbxq, AvÂwjK Ges RvZxq gv‡K©U G±iM‡Yi gv‡S †hvMv‡hvM fv‡jvfv‡e KvR K‡i ZLbB GKwU evRvi fv‡jvfv‡e mgwšZ _v‡K| GKwU mgwšZ evRvi eë ’vq, †Kvb GKwU GjvKvq †hvMvb Ges Pvwn`vi fvimvg¨nxbZvi ¶wZc~iY Ki‡Z KvQvKvwQ Ges AvÂwjK evRvi †_‡K Zzjbv g~jK mnR c×wZ‡Z Avbvi nq|

evRv‡ii gvbwPÎ (Market map)t evRvi eë ’vi Riæix Ae ’vi Z_¨ GKwU gvbwP‡Îi gva¨‡g aviY Kiv hvq| GUv evRv‡ii cwi‡ek- cÖwZôvb, wewa, wbqg, Ges FZz () Ges HwZnvwmK () cÖeYZv cÖvc¨Zv Ges `vg; gv‡K©U †PBb- gv‡K©U G±‡ii msL¨v, Zv‡ì evwY‡Rï cwigvY, Zv‡ì †hvMv‡hvM Ges ¶gZvi m¤cK©; g~j AeKvVv‡gvMZ BbcyU Ges evRv‡ii mnvqK †mev‡K hy³ K‡i| GUv Av‡iv, wewfbœ mg‡q evRvi eë ’vi wewfbœ As‡ki Dci †fv³v Ges Drcv`K wn‡m‡e bvix Ges cyiæ‡li AwfMg¨Zv/AskMÖnY Ges wbqš¿Y‡K cv_©K¨ Kivi Z_¨‡K hy³ K‡i| GKwU evRv‡ii gvbwPÎ †Kvb wbw`©ó mg‡q †Kvb evRvi eë ’vi GKwU œ vckU cÖ`vb K‡i hv Ab¨ †h †Kvb mg‡q ˆZwi Kiv wØZxq †Kvb gvbwP‡Îi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv hvq| GB mnvwqKvq, †idv‡iÝ g¨vc (mvaviYZ `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq cÖ ‘Z Kiv nq) †K `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡qi g¨vc (`y‡h©v‡Mi gyn~‡Z© evRvi eë ’vq cÖ ‘Z Kiv nq) Gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|

evRvi ch©‡e¶Yt Kvh©Ki evRvi eë ’vi wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡gi wm×všÍ wb‡Z mgqm~Pxi (‡hgbt mvßvwnK, gvwmK, BZ¨vw`) Dci wfwË K‡i c~e©-wba©vwiZ wb‡`©wkKvi Dci Z_¨ †bqvi c×wZ n‡jv evRvi ch©‡e¶Y|

evRvi ¶gZv (Market power)t evRvi ¶gZv n‡jv cY¨ ev †mevi g~j¨ A_ev c‡Yï mieivn‡K, A_ev evRvi †h c×wZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Q Zv‡K, †Kvb GKwU G›UvicÖvBR, eëmvqx A_ev Ab¨vb¨ gv‡K©U G±i‡ì cÖfvweZ Kivi ¶gZv (Zv‡ì cÖwZ‡hvMxi wbKU wb‡Ri †µZv, mieivnKvix‡ì A_ev Kg©x‡ì bv LyB‡q)| GKwU Av`k© Ges

g~j cvwifvwlK kã cÖK…Z cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi evRv‡i cÖ‡Z¨K gv‡K©U G±‡ii mgvb evRvi ¶gZv _vK‡e| ZeyI ev ÍweKfv‡e, evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki/AskMÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î evuav, i¶Ykxj †RÛvi Ges mvgvwRK m¤cK©, G±i‡ì wb‡R‡ì gv‡S †evSvcov Ges

9 | c„ôv

Ab¨vb¨ cÖKvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv-we‡ivax AvPi‡Yi Kvi‡Y, wKQz gv‡K©U G±i Zv‡ì AbyK‚‡j ªe¨g~j¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z evRvi †hfv‡e Kvh©Ki Av‡Q Zv‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z ¶gZv cvq|

evRvi eë ’vt GKwU evRvi eë ’v gvby‡li †hvMv‡hvM (network), eëmv‡qi MVb Ges wbqg hv GKwU wbw`©ó c‡Yï Drcv`b, G‡·m Ges wewbgq m¤c‡K© aviYv w`‡e| GKwU evRvi eë ’v, A‡bK gv‡K©U G±i, †µZv I we‡µZvi mgš‡q MwVZ nq, AeKvVv‡gv I †mev Øviv mgw_©Z nq, Ges GKwU evwY‡Rï cwi‡e‡ki cvi¯cwiK wµqv NUvq hv cÖwZôvb, wewa ev wbqg Gi gva¨‡g P‚ovšÍ nq| evRvi `jt evRvi `j n‡jv g~j¨vqb Ges we‡k ølY `‡ji mgšq, hv m¤¢ve¨fv‡e MwVZ nq GKRb evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³, GKRb we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZv, evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv Ges evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì wb‡q| cÖwZRb `j‡bZv evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì GK ev GKvwaK Riæix evRvi eë ’vi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ w`Kwb‡`©kbv †`q|

GK‡PwUqv evRvit Ggb GKwU Ae ’v †hLv‡b GKRb GKK gv‡K©U G±i ev Kv‡U©j GKwU wbw`©ó cY¨ ev †mevi me (ev cÖvq me) evRvi wbqš¿Y K‡i| GwU evRv‡i ¶gZvi GKwU Pig iƒc| GUv wewfbœ evuavi Kvi‡Y NU‡Z cv‡i hv, cÖwZØ›Øx †_‡K Ab¨ cÖwZØ›Øx eëmvqx‡ì cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq cÖwZ‡iva K‡it †hgb evRv‡i AskMÖnY Ki‡Z D”P LiP, miKvwi wbqš¿Y, ejcÖ‡qvM Ges / A_ev yb©xwZ|

gvwë-‡m±i evRvi we‡k ølYt gvwë-‡m±‡ii mvov cÖ`v‡bi Z_¨ w`‡Z GwU evRvi we‡kølY Kivi GKwU mgwšZ c×wZ hv Øviv evRvi eë ’v, cY¨ ev †mevi cÖwZwbwai gva¨‡g evRvi eë ’vi GKwU mxgv we‡kølY Kiv nq|

`y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vt GB mnvwqKvq, " y‡h©vMc~e©" kãwU ej‡Z eySv‡”Q, Riæix Ae ’vi c~‡e©i mgq hv G‡RwÝ Øviv evRvi we‡kølY ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v wn‡m‡e wbe©vwPZ n‡q‡Q| GUv Ggb mgq‡K †evSvq hLb Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi †Kvb cÖfve ZLb ch©šÍ evRv‡i c‡i bv|

†idv‡iÝ mgqt †idv‡iÝ mgq Ggb GKwU mgq hLb we‡k øl‡Yi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ `y‡h©vM Avm‡j NU‡Q bv| GUv mycvwik Kiv nq †h, hLb we‡k ølY Kiv n‡e ZLb WvUv msMÖn‡K Av‡iv mnR Ki‡Z †idv‡iÝ mgq GKwU cÖK …Z mgq Ki‡Z n‡e|

evRvi eë ’v/cY¨/‡mevi cÖwZwbwat GwU GKwU evRv‡ii evRvi eë ’v, cY¨ A_ev †mevi mgšq hv wKQz wel‡qi Abyiƒc êwkó¨ cÖ`k©b K‡i †hgb- †h fv‡e RbMY GB mgš‡qi mv‡_ cÖwZwµqv K‡i, G‡ì MÖnY Ges eënvi K‡i; †h Dcv‡q Zviv evRv‡i mieivn K‡i; Ges evRv‡i Zv‡ì AskMÖnY‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ggb evRvi †mev Ges AbyK‚j cwi‡ek| ‡Kvb wbw`©ó GjvKvi Kvh©Ki evRv‡ii mgMÖ wPÎ †c‡Z gvwë-‡m±i we‡køl‡Yi mgq GB evRvi eë ’vmg~‡ni †h †Kvb GKwU g~j¨vq‡bi djvdj‡K Ab¨vb¨ cÖwZwbwai wbKU mvavib fv‡e cÖKvk Kiv|

mvovcÖ`vb we‡kølYt GUv Ae ’v we‡kølY (Pvwn`v wbiƒcY, evRvi g~j¨vqb Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ae ’vi Z_¨ Gi mgšq) Ges Kvh©µg cwiKíbvi mv‡_ ms‡hvM ’vcb K‡i|

f¨vj y †PBbt Dbœq‡bi †m±i (development sector) G me©vwaK eëüZ kã, f¨vj y †PBb ej‡Z Avm‡j Kx †evSvq Zvi †Kvb mwVK msÁv †bB| msÁv¸‡jv Kvh©µg wfwËK n‡q _v‡K, †hgb Iqvì© e¨vsK Gi g‡Z "f¨vj¨ y †PBb kãwU †Kvb cY¨ ev †mev‡K MÖvn‡Ki wbKU Avb‡Z KvuPvgvj Ges Ab¨vb¨ BbcyU µq mn Drcv`‡bi wewfbœ av‡c g~j¨ ms‡hvR‡bi mKj Kvh©µg‡K e¨vL¨v K‡i"| GUv gv‡K©U G±i wfwËKI n‡Z cv‡i, BDbvB‡UW †bkbm BÛvw÷ªqvj †W‡fjc‡g›U AM©vbvB‡Rkb Gi g‡Z "GKwU †PB‡bi gv‡S RwoZ wewfbœ G±i, Drcv`b, Ae ’vi cwieZ©b/iƒcvšÍi (transforming), Ges †Kvb cY¨ Ges †mev‡K †fv³vi wbKU †cŠQv‡Z mKj Kv‡Ri µwgK mgšq"| ev Í‡e, f¨vj y †PBb Ges evRvi eë ’v A‡bK †¶‡Î GKB welq †evSvq, wKš‘ evRvi eë ’v AwaK we Í…Z Ges GB mgMÖ mnvwqKvq eëüZ n‡q‡Q|

10 | c„ôv

11 | c„ôv

f‚wgKv y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡kølY (wcwmGgG)

wcwmGgG Ges evRviwfwËK Kvh©µg gvbm¤§Z Kvh©µg, MvBWjvBb Ges Kvh©µ‡gi g~j¨vqb, Riæix Ae ’v Ges mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Y ¸iæZ¡c~©Y

f ~wgKv iv‡L| hwÌ mv¤cÖwZK eQi¸‡jv‡Z GB c×wZ (approach) wewfbœ AvšÍR©vwZK ms ’v e¨vcK fv‡e M„nxZ

n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ cÖv_wgKfv‡e, Kvh©Z evRvi we‡kølY ïaygvÎ Riæix Ae ’vi cieZ©x mg‡qi g‡a¨ mxgve× i‡q‡Q|

wcwmGgG `y‡h©vM c~e©, y‡h©vMKvjxY Ges y‡hv©vM ciewZ© mg‡qI Kiv hvq Ges AvKw¯§K Ges axiMwZ m¤úbœ (to

slow- and rapid-onset) ‡h‡Kvb y‡h©vM †hgb gvbe m„ó ev cÖvK…wZK †nvK Zv‡Z ªæZ Ges gvb m¤§Z fv‡e

mvovcÖ`vY Kiv hvq| y‡h©vMcye© mg‡q `y‡h©vMcÖeY GjvKvi gvby‡li RxweKv iÿvi Rb¨ wewfbœ Kvh©µg M ÖnY Kiv,

evRv‡i c‡bï †hvMvb I ch©vß gRy` i‡q‡Q wKbv Zv we‡kølY, ev Avc`KvjxY cwiKíbv K‡i ivL‡j `y‡h©vMKv‡j

`ªæZ I Kvh©Kwi Dcv‡q Riæix mvovcÖ`vb Kiv mnR n‡e; ‡kl ch©šÍ, GB c×ZwZwUB mnbkxj Rb‡Mvôx ‰Zwi‡Z

Ae`vb ivL‡e|

ïay gvÎ, `y‡h©vM wPwýZ eQi (‡idv‡iÝ eQi reference year) †_‡K kiæ K‡i `y‡h©vM ciewZ© mgq ch©šÍ, wKQz

¸iæZ¡c~b© evRvieë ’vi Kvh©KwiZvi gvb`Û (benchmark) wba©vi‡bi †P‡q, `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©cÖ ‘wZi Ask wn‡m‡e

evRvi we‡kølY‡KB †ekx ¸iæZ¡ †`qv cÖ‡qvRY| Riæix Ae ’vq evRvi e¨ve ’vi aviY¶gZv Ges mxgve×Zv

wbiæc‡bi gva¨‡g wcwmGgG †Kej gvÎ DbœZgv‡bi cÖ ‘wZ Ges Avc`Kvjxb cwiKíbv AšÍf~©³ Ki‡ZB mvnvh¨

K‡ibv, eis wcwmGgG `y‡h©v‡M Av‡iv `ª yZ mvovcÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ gvbweK mnvqZvi cwiKíbv (design) Ggb fv‡e K‡i

†h‡bv `y‡h©v‡M ÿqÿwZi cwigvbI Kwg‡q Avbv hvq| mwVKfv‡e `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z evRvi eë ’v

kw³kvjxKiY, †gŠwjK Pvwn`v I RxweKvi cÖ‡ekMg¨Zv-DfqB mnRjf¨ Kivi gva¨‡g Giƒc mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv

m¤¢e nq, d‡j Zviv `y‡h©v‡Mi ÿq ÿwZ †K †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq GwU GjvKvi `xN©mg‡qi

(chronic) wec`vcbœZv I `vwi`ªZv †K wPwýZ Ki‡e|

Riæix Ae ’v Ges mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi Ask wn‡m‡e, wcwmGgG evRvi msµvšÍ Kvh©µg cwiKíbv Ki‡Z

mnvqZv K‡i| GB ai‡bi Kvh©µg, `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi eë ’vcbvq RwoZ mKj ai‡bi KvR- †hgb ÎvY weZi‡Yi

eë ’vcbv †_‡K ïiæ K‡i ’vbxq evRvi‡K kw³kvjxKib Ges DbœZKi‡Y mnvqZv K‡i|(‡mKkb 9.1t

evRviwfwËK Kvh©µg `ªóe¨)| mgMÖ gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’v GB HK¨g‡Z G‡m‡Q †h, †µZv Ges evRv‡i gvbweK

mvovcÖ`vb ‡µZv Ges evRvi‡K ¶wZ bv K‡i (do no harm)" Ges hLb †hLv‡b evRvi e¨ve ’v Kvh©Ki Av‡Q ZLb

†mLv‡b ’vbxq evRvi eë ’vq wcwmGgG Gi eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b GB aviYv Av‡iv e„w× cv‡”Q †h, gvbweK

ms ’v¸‡jv ïaygvÎ "evRvi ms‡e`x" bv n‡q evRvi wfwËK n‡e Ges Ae‡k‡l evRvi eë ’v kw³kvjxKiY Ges

Dbœq‡bi c`‡ÿc mg~‡ni mv‡_ ms‡hvM ’vcb Ki‡e|

GB mnvwqKvi j¶¨ Ges D‡Ïk¨ GB mnvwqKvwU we`¨gvb Ó`y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡køl‡Yi UzjÓ eënv‡ii gva¨‡g m¤¢ve¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©eZ©x evRvi eë ’v

we‡køl‡Y evRvi we‡kølYKvix‡ì c_ wb‡`©k K‡i| Riæix gyn~‡Z© mvovcÖ`vb Kivi Rb¨ GB mnvwqKvi mycvwikmg~n/

cÖ Ívebv ¸‡jv y‡h©vMc~‡e© cÖ ‘wZ MÖnb Ki‡Z, y‡h©v‡Mi SzuwK n&ªvm (wWAviAvi †cÖvMÖvg) Kvh©µ‡gi wm×všÍ wb‡Z Ges

fwel¨‡Z Riæix mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kv‡R cÖ ‘wZ MÖnb Ki‡Z Z_¨ w`‡q mnvqZv Ki‡e| GB mnvwqKvwU evRvi wfw³K

mvovcÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g DbœZZi Kvh©µg MÖn‡Yi Dci ¸iæZ¡ w`‡”Q| †h †Kvb gvbweK mvnv‡hï D‡`¨v‡Mi Ask

wn‡m‡e, wcwmGgG Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv Kv‡Ri ¸bMZ gvb e„w× Kiv hv‡Z ~‡h©v‡M `wi`ª gvbyl jvfevb nq|


12 | c„ôv

†hLv‡b evRvi we‡køl‡Yi c~‡e©i ‡Kvb †eRjvBb †bB, †mLv‡b wcwmGgG mnvwqKvwU `y‡h©vM cieZ©x mg‡qi †Kvb evRvi we‡kølY K‡i bv| GgbwK axiMwZi `y‡h©v‡Mi †ÿ‡Î, †hLv‡b Avmbœ `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve c~‡e©B aviYv Kiv hvq, ‡m‡¶‡Î wcwmGgG cÖ‡hvR¨ bq| (D`vnviY ¯iæc, hLb c~e© mZK©Zv eë ’v B‡Zvg‡a¨ ej‡Q †h, Livi we Í…wZ n‡e Ges Gi d‡j Lv`¨ wbivcËvnxbZvi m„wó n‡e)| GB mnvwqKvwU we`¨gvb Avq msµvšÍ evRvi e¨ve ’vi (‡hgb-hLb RbMY Drcv`b, gRyix Ges ¶z`ª D‡`¨v‡Mi (enterprise) gva¨‡g Avq K‡i) Ges e¨q msµvšÍ evRv‡ii e¨ve ’v (‡hgb-RbM‡Yi µqK…Z cY¨ Ges †mev) wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i, hv B‡Zvg‡a¨ RbM‡Yi RxweKv Ges †gŠwjK Pvwn`vi GKwU Ask wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ GB mnvwqKvwU evRv‡ii bZzb my‡hvM wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i bv| GwU mKj wefvM Ry‡o cY¨ Ges †mev msµvšÍ evRvi e¨ve ’v we‡køl‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| Av‡iv wbLyuZfv‡e ej‡Z †M‡j GB wcwmGgG mnvwqKvwU wb‡¤œv³ welq mg~‡n mnvqZv K‡i

• `y‡h©vM c~e© we‡køl‡Yi cÖ ‘wZ MÖn‡Yt mvsMVwbK c×wZ‡Z µq, †hŠ_fv‡e Kg© m¤cv`‡b Drmvn cÖ`vb, `y‡h©v‡Mi

cwiw ’wZ wbY©q, g~j¨vq‡bi my‡hvM wba©viY, evRvi we‡køl‡Y eëüZ gva¨g mg~n wbe©vPb Kiv Ges Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv

Kiv| • we`¨gvb `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq Kvh©Ki wbw`©ó evRvi ’vb (marketplace) Ges evRvi e¨ve ’vi mxgv g~j¨vq‡b evRvi

we‡kølY| `y‡h©vM c~e© evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Uyj mg~n - g~jZ BGgGmG (EMMS) Ges `ªZ evRvi g~j¨vqb (AviGGg-RAM), Ges GQvovI m¤¢ve¨ Av‡iv evRvi g~j¨vqb mnvwqKv (GgGwR-MAG), A·dv‡gi 48 N›Uvi

evRvi g~j¨vqb Uzj (Oxfam 48-hour tool) Ges Iqvì© dzW †cÖvMÖvg (WFP) Gi eëmvqx Rwic eëüZ nq|

e· 1t wcwmGgG Ges `xN© †gqv`x evRvi we‡køl‡Yi UzjwKU wcwmGgG ej‡Z Riæix Ae ’vq eëüZ evRvi we‡køl‡Yi UzjwKU‡K †evSvq| GwU `xN© †gqv`x c×wZ †hgb

wRBGg-GAM (‡RÛvi wfwËK G›UvicÖvBR Ges evRvi/‡RÛvi G›UvicÖvBR GÛ gv‡K©U), Gg‡dviwc-M4P (`yt¯’

RbM‡Yi Rb¨ evRvi cÖ ‘Z/g¨vwKs gv‡K©U †dvi †cvi) A_ev MÖvn‡Ki AMÖvwaKvi, AviGgG- RAM (`ªyZ evRvi

g~j¨vqb/‡iwcW gv‡K©U G‡mm‡g›U) BZ¨vw`‡K †evSvq bv| wRBGg (GEM), Gg †dvi wc (M4P) UzjwKU Ges

BGgGgG (EMMA), AviGGm (RAS) Ges GgGwR (MAG) me Uz‡jiB wKQz Abyiƒc êwkó¨ i‡q‡Q, hv

evRvi we‡køl‡Yi g¨vwcs G we‡køl‡Yi g~j gva¨g wn‡m‡e eëüZ nq, †hgb me UzjB AskMÖnYg~jK Ges gvwë

†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Kvh©µg wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i| GB UzjwKU ¸‡jvi j¶¨ n‡jv evRv‡ii G±i‡ì m¤cK© Ges

¶gZvi mwµqZv we‡kølY Kiv, Ges `vg I cwigv‡bi gv‡SB Giv mxgve× bq|

GB UzjwKU mg~‡ni cÖavb cv_©K¨ n‡jvt Gg †dvi wc (M4P) ïaygvÎ Avq msµvšÍ evRvi wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i,

wRBGg (GEM), bvixi A_©‰bwZK ¶gZvqb Ges evRvi we‡køl‡Y bvix‡ì `„wófw½ Ges AviGgG (RAM) K…wl

eëmvq cÖKí A_ev K…wl Drcv`b D‡`¨v‡Mi cwiKíbv‡K mnvqZv K‡i| evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi gva¨‡g GB mKj

UzjwK‡Ui gv‡S wbw`©ó ms‡hvM ’vcb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖwµqvi `„wó‡KvY †_‡K UzjwK‡Ui Rb¨ GKB ch©‡e¶Y

bxwZ cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges y‡h©vM c~e©eZ©x evRvi we‡køl‡Yi djvdj, `xN©‡gqv`x evRvi we‡køl‡Y eëüZ

n‡Z cv‡i Ges Gi wecixZI n‡Z cv‡i| Av‡iv AwaK Z‡_ï Rb¨, †mKkb 11t evRvi ch©‡e¶Y `ªóe¨|

• `y‡h©v‡Mi Kvh©Ki cÖ ‘wZ MÖnY, ÎvY I cybiæ×vi cÖwµqv, evRvi wfwËK Kvh©µ‡gi cwimxgv we‡ePbvq `y‡h©vM c~e©

evRvi we‡køl‡Yi djvdj eënvi Kiv |

• evRvi ch©‡e¶Y Ges `y‡h©vM I " y‡h©v‡Mi wb‡©`wkZ eQi/‡idv‡iÝ" wPÎvq‡bi (mapping) AaywbKxKi‡Yi

gva¨‡g we‡køl‡Yi nvjbvMv` Kiv|


Afxó RbMY (TARGET AUDIENCE) GB mnvwqKwU gvbweK Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnYKvix, hviv wcwmGgG †K we‡ePbvq ivL‡Q ev wcwmGgG eënvi Kivi

cwiKíbv Ki‡Q Zv‡ì c_ cÖ` ©k‡bi Rb¨ cÖ ‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB mnvwqKwU Ggb fv‡e cÖ ‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q hv,

13 | c„ôv

mgMÖ †m±‡i gvV ch©v‡q evRvi we‡klÁ bq Ggb we‡kølYKvix‡ì we`¨gvb g~j¨vqb I we‡kølY ¶gZv Øviv

mnR‡eva¨| GB we‡kølYKvix‡ì wb‡R‡ì gv‡S wcwmGgG wK Ges wKfv‡e KvR K‡i Zv Dcjwä Kivi AvMÖn

_vK‡Z n‡e| mnvwqKwU `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡køl‡Yi AwfÁZv Øviv, y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq AwaK cwiwPZ ev AwaK

eëüZ Uzj wbe©vPb Ki‡Z eënviKvix‡ì mnvqZv K‡i|

GB mnvwqKwU wcwmGgG Gi `vwqZ¡ wb‡Z A½xKvie× Ggb `j‡K we‡ePbv K‡i| DwjøL¨ †h, GB wcwmGgG Gi

cÖwZwU avc GKwU G‡RÝx ev G‡RÝx mg~‡ni evRvi we‡køl‡Y, evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb‡K wPwýZ Ki‡Z A½xKvie×|

GB mnvwqKwU we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZv (mvgwMÖK g~j¨vqb I we‡køl‡Yi Øvwq‡Z¡) Ges evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv (gvV

ch©v‡q GK ev GKvwaK `y‡h©vMc~Y© evRvi e¨ve ’vq evRvi `‡ji c_ cÖ`k©‡bi `vwq‡Z¡) Gi `vwqZ¡ wba©vi‡Y mnvqZv

K‡i| evRvi `‡ji f‚wgKv Ges `vwqZ¡ mg~n Av‡iv Rvb‡Z, †`Lyb †mKkb 6.1t evRvi `j‡K GKwÎZ Kiv|

g~jZ, GB mnvwqKwU cÖwZôv‡bi e¨ve ’vcK Ges gvbweK ms ’vi mgšqKvix‡K, y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡køl‡Yi †hŠ_

`vwqZ¡ m¤c‡K© GKwU m¤c~Y© aviYv †`q Ges GB Kvi‡Y g~j¨vqb `‡ji mgšq Ges e¨ve ’vcbv mnRZi nq|

ms‡kvwaZ wcwmGgG G bZzb wK? GB wcmGgG mnvwqKwU g~jZ 2014 mv‡j " y‡h©vM c~e© evRv‡ii wPÎvqb Ges we‡køl‡Yi mnvwqKv" ev ms‡¶‡c

"wcwmGgGgG" bv‡g cÖKvwkZ nq| GUv g~jZ y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vi evRvi we‡køl‡Y A‡bK GbwRI Gi mxgve×

AwfÁZv e¨venvi K‡i ˆZwi Kiv n‡qwQj Ges aviYv Kiv n‡qwQj gvV ch©v‡q cÖ‡qv‡Mi ci ‡evW©-wfwËK Bbcy‡Ui

gva¨‡g ms‡kvab Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GB ms‡kvwaZ mnvwqKv mnvwqKwU c~‡e©i ms¯‹iY‡K cÖwZ ’vwcZ K‡i| bvgwU

wewfbœ cÖwZwµqvi Rev‡e Av‡iv mnR fv‡e "`y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡kølY" Kiv n‡q‡Q, KviY "wcwmGgGgG"

D”Pvi‡Y KwVb wQj| GUv Av‡iv †evSvq †h, ïay BGgGgG (EMMA) †ZB bq, `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡køl‡Y Uzj

cÖ‡qv‡Mi mxgv wba©viY Ki‡Z GB c×wZ e¨venv‡ii ¸iæZ¡ A‡bK| GB ms‡kvwaZ wcwmGgG, wewfbœ c ÖwZôvb Ges

wewfbœ Ae ’v‡b `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡køl‡Y mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q cÖvß wewfbœ Ávb aviY K‡i| GB djvdj mg~n

†RÛvi), Z_¨ †hvMv‡hvM Ges cÖhyw³ (Information Communication and Technology), êmv`„k¨

we‡kølY/M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwmm (gap analysis), Riæix Ae ’vq Ges/A_ev cÖwZwbwaZ¡ g~jK evRvi e¨ve ’v wbe©vPb,

wcwmGgG m¤c‡K© aviYv w`‡Z `‡j cÖwk¶Y, evRvi ch©‡e¶Y Ges wcwmGgG G mycvwik ev Íevqb BZ¨vw` †Z hy³

nq, wKš‘ Zv GB me mg~‡ni gv‡S mxgve× bq|

wcwmGgG mnvwqKvi j¶¨ Ges D‡Ïk¨ Av‡MB e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB wcwmGgG Ggb GKwU mnvwqKvi hv evRvi

we‡køl‡Yi `y‡h©vMc~e© c×wZ Dc ’vcb K‡i| GB wcwmGgG wb‡RB GKwU evRvi we‡kølY Uzj bq, wKš‘ GUv

AbykxjbKvix‡ì Ab¨vb¨ UzjwKU mg~‡n Dcw ’Z we`¨gvb `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi g~j¨vqb Ges we‡kølY Uzj e¨venvi

Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|(h_v- BGgGgG (EMMA,), AviGGg/GgGwR (the RAM/MAG), WweIGdwc Gi

e¨vemvqx Rwic Ges A·dv‡gi 48 N›Uvi evRvi g~j¨vqb Uzj (the Oxfam 48-hour tool))|


GLv‡b †Kvb m‡›`n †bB †h, gvbweK ms ’v mg~‡n AwaK cÖ‡qvM Ges e¨venv‡ii gva¨‡g wcwmGgG Av‡iv e¨vcK

fv‡e weKwkZ n‡e| AwaK nvjbvMv`K…Z wcwmGgG wi‡cvU© mg~n, wk¶Yxq bw_ mg~n, wk¶vi DcKiY Ges

†U¤c‡jU mg~n m¤c‡K© Av‡iv Rvb‡Z BGgGgG I‡qemvBU Gi wcwmGgG Ask †`Lyb

e· 2t GB mnvwqKv bw_‡Z D‡wLZ UzjwKU mg~n

14 | c„ôv

†h‡nZz GB wcwmGgG mnvwqKv wb‡R †Kvb UzjwKU bq, GUv we`¨gvb UzjwKU mg~n‡K †evSvq| wb¤œy³ evRvi g~j¨vqb Ges we‡kølY UzjwKU mg~n Øviv GB mnvwqKvq cÖ`vbK…Z wbw`©ó †idv‡iÝ Ges wjsK †`qv n‡q‡Q|

• BGgGgGt Riæix Ae ’vq evRvi wPÎvqb Ges we‡kølY (Bgvi‡RwÝ gv‡K©U g¨vwcs GÛ GbvjvBwmm)

• AviGGgt `ªZ evRvi g~j¨vqb (i¨vwcW gv‡K©U G‡mm‡g›U)

• GgGwRt evRvi g~j¨vqb mnvwqKv (gv‡K©U G‡mm‡g›U MvB‡WÝ)

• A·dv‡gi 48 NÈvi evRvi g~j¨vqb Uzj

• WweøIGdwc Gi e¨vemvqx Rixc

cÖwZwU UzjwKU m¤c‡K© Av‡iv Rvb‡Z, AvBAviwm/K¨ví, gvbeK †m±‡ii evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Uzj mg~‡ni Zzjbvg~jK

†Uwej A_ev A·dvg Gi evRvi cwiwa BZ¨vw` bw_ mg~n mnvqZv Ki‡e|

mnvwqKvwUi e¨venvi (KLb Ges wKfv‡e)

evRvi we‡kølY, Riæix Ae ’v we‡køl‡Yi GKwU Ask wKš‘ memg‡qi cÖ‡qv‡Mi/eënv‡ii Rb¨ bq| GUv c ÖwZôv‡bi

Kg©m~PxMZ †KŠkj Ges Riæix Ae ’vi c~e© cwiKíbvi KvVv‡gv Øviv m¤cbœ Kiv DwPr| GB we‡kølY cÖwZôv‡bi

we`¨gvb Kg©m~wPMZ †KŠkj Ges Riæix Ae ’vi c~e©cwiKíbv Øviv B‡Zvg‡a¨ wPwýZ `y‡h©vM Ges RbM‡bi Pvwn`v,

m¤¢ve¨ cÖwZwµqv †KŠkj (cÖvwZôvwbK Av‡`‡ki djvdj), my‡hvM Ges mgqmxgv, wba©vwiZ RbMY Ges Kg©

GjvKvi Dci wbf©i K‡i|

`y‡h©v‡Mi c~‡e© †h †Kvb mgq, hLbB `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©cwiKíbv Ges/A_ev mvov cª`vb cÖwµqv we‡kølY cÖ‡qvRb nq

ZLbB wcwmGgG Kiv hvq| eQ‡ii †h †Kvb mgq hw` WvUv msMÖn Kiv hvq, Z‡e wmRbvj †fwi‡qkb‡K we‡ePbv

Ki‡Z eQ‡ii Ggb mg‡q WvUv msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e †h mgq `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi m¤¢vebv †ekx _v‡K| (†mKkb 3t

†idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ Ae ’v eY©bv Kiv ªóe¨)| GB mnvwqKv GKwU †hŠw³K µg AbymiY

K‡i, wKš‘ Gi wKQz avc cÖvK…wZK fv‡e GKB mg‡q N‡U A_ev Abykxj‡bi cybive„Ë êwkó¨ Gi Kvi‡Y avc

mg~‡ni gv‡S Gw`K Iw`K Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| GB mnvwqKvwUi gv‡S i‡q‡Q

• wcwmGgG Kivi cÖavb avc mg~n Ges Gi g~j we‡eP¨ welq

• evRvi we‡kølY cÖwµqvi cÖwZwU av‡ci wek` eY©bv

• evRvi we‡kølY Kivi mgq gvV ch©vq †_‡K cÖvß wewfbœ D`vnviY Ges e¨venvi Dc‡hvwM bgybv mg~‡ni

ms‡hvw³|

GB mnvwqKvwU memgq e¨venv‡ii Rb¨ bq Ges GB mgMÖ mnvwqKvq ewY©Z Uzj mg~n c~‡e© we`¨gvb evRvi we‡kølY

Uz‡ji mv‡_ GKmv‡_ eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i|

f‚wgKv y‡h©vM c~e© evRvi we‡kølY (wcwmGgG)

• evRvi ch©‡e¶Y/wbqš¿‡Yi m~PK wba©viY

• ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ msM„nxZ WvUv/Z_¨ cybM©Vb

15 | c„ôv

• Z_¨ we‡kølY nvjbvMv` KiYt wbqwgZ ch©‡e¶‡Yi djvd‡ji Dci wfwË K‡i, y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv Ges cwiw ’wZi bvUKxq cwieZ©b

• wcwmGg

G

ev¯Íevq‡b

i wm×všÍ

• D‡Ïk¨

Ges g~j

we‡kølYvZ

¥K cÖkœ

wba©viY

• g~j y‡h©vM Ges

cÖvmw½K gvbwPÎ

AsKb

• Pvwn`v Ges

evRv‡ii aviY ¶gZv

we‡kølY Ges g~j

we‡kølYvZ¥K cÖ‡kœi

DËi cÖ`vb

• †cÖvMÖvg wbe©vPb

• djvdj mg~‡ni

ms‡hvM ’vcb

• `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v Ges we‡køl‡Yi mgq wba©viY

• Pvwn`v wba©viY

• `y‡h©vMKvjxb evRvi e¨ve¯’v wba©viY

we‡kølY ch©‡e¶Y/

nvjbvMv` KiY

†Kb wcwmGgG ev¯Íevqb cÖ‡qvRb

WvUv/Z_¨ Kx cÖKvk K‡i?

†Kvb

wcwmGgG cÖ‡hvR¨?

†Kvb Z_¨ cÖ‡qvRb?

wcwmGgG ev¯Íevqb

• we`¨gvb Z_¨ ch©v‡jvPbv • evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ e¨eüZ Uzj wba©viY

• evRvi e¨e ’vcbv `‡ji mv‡_ cÖvmw½K we‡kølY wba©viY, `y‡h©vMKvjxb evRvi wbe©vPb Ges g~j we‡kølYvZ¥K cÖ‡kœi Av‡jvPbv

• gvV ch©v‡q Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ cÖ¯‘wZ Ges cwiKíbv MÖnY

• we`¨gvb Z_¨ Ges `‡ji Áv‡bi mnvqZvq Ae ’vi cÖv_wgK we‡kølY Ges wPÎvqb

• cÖkœvejx cÖ¯‘Z KiY Ges Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni c×wZ wba©viY gvV ch©v‡q Z_¨ msMÖn

16 | c„ôv

Aa¨vq GK 1. wcwmGgG ev¯Íevq‡bi wm×všÍ

Aa¨vq 1t wcwmGgG Gi cÖ ‘wZ

GB Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

• cÖwZôvb/G‡RÝxi e¨ve ’vcbv cwil` wcwmGgG ev Íevqb Ki‡Z AvMÖnx n‡e Ges Zv Ki‡Z h‡_ó DcKiY eiv×

Ki‡Z A½xKvi Ki‡e|

• we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß GKRb e¨vw³‡K wb‡qvMcÖ`vb Kiv n‡e Ges wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ `j wbe©vPb Kiv n‡e। • wcwmGgG †Z †÷K‡nvìvi Ges m¤¢ve¨ Askx`vi (mykxj mgv‡Ri msMVb, ’vbxq I AvšÍR©vwZK GbwRI, ’vbxq

e¨vw³eM©) wbe©vPb m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Kiv n‡e|

• wcwmGgG †Z cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z `y‡h©v‡Mi cwiw ’wZ wba©viY (A_ev ïaygvÎ evRv‡ii †eRjvBb cÖ ‘Z Kiv) Ges GB `y‡h©vM

msµvšÍ cÖwZôvb/G‡RwÝi †KŠkj Ges cÖwZwµqv cÖ`v‡bi cwiKíbv m¤c‡K© h‡_ó fv‡jv aviYv (GjvKv, Kvw•¶Z

RbMY, m¤¢ve¨ cÖwZwµqv Ges mswkøó D‡Ïk¨)|

• mwVK †cÖvMÖvg wb‡`©kK/cÖwZwµqvi Kvh©wewa wba©viY Ki‡Z evRv‡ii g~j †h Z_¨ Abycw ’Z Zv m¤c‡K© aviYv|

• †Kvb wcwmGgG ev Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e Zv Rvbvt Gi D‡Ïk¨, m¤¢ve¨ cÖ‡kœi DËi Ges e¨venv‡ii Rb¨ evRvi we‡kølb

Uzj

• wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ g~j mgv_©K bw_ Ges Ges cwiKíbv ivLvt Uvg©m Ae †idv‡iÝ, A‡jvP¨ welq m~wP, ev‡RU

BZ¨vw`|

wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi wm×všÍ

GB av‡ci cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q hLb, cÖv_wgK fv‡e bM` A_© n ÍvšÍi †cÖvMÖvwgs/K¨vk UªvÝdvi ‡cÖvMÖvwgs Gi Dbœq‡bi Kvi‡Y

`y‡h©vMcieZ©x evRvi we‡kølY c×wZ e¨vcK fv‡e M„nxZ n‡q‡Q ZLb `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi m~Pbv GLb ch©šÍ

GKwU D™¢vebx c×wZ| Gi Rb¨ e¨ve ’vcbvi mv‡_ Avf¨šÍixb GW‡fv‡Kmx cÖ‡qvRb, Ges ewnM©Z GW‡fv‡Kmxi gva¨‡g

Zv DcK…Z n‡Z cv‡i| Ges GW‡fv‡Kmxi gva¨‡g wcwmGgG GKwU †hŠ_ Ges mn‡hvwMZv g~jK c×wZ n‡Z cv‡i|

wcwmGgG Gi ’vqxZ¡, `y‡h©v‡M m¤¢ve¨ NUbvi cwiKíbv nvjbvMv‡` Gi djvd‡ji e¨envi, Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ‡Z

h‡_ó DcKiY eivÏ †`qv n‡q‡Q Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z ms ’vi e¨ve ’vcbvi m¤c„³Zv †ek KwVb| c×wZwU ïiæi cÖ_g

†_‡KB e¨ve ’vcbvi m¤c„³Zv DrmvwnZ Kiv DwPr|

Aa¨vq GK

17 | c„ôv

1. wcwmGgG ev¯Íevq‡bi wm×všÍ

GB av‡ci †k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

• ms ’vi e¨ve ’vcbv wcwmGgG Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Dcjwä Ki‡e, Gi Øviv ms‡hvwRZ g~j¨ m¤c‡K© eyS‡e Ges Gi

cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ h‡_ó DcKiY eivÏ ivL‡e|

• evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb kbv³ n‡e Ges wZwb GwU Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ h‡_ó mgq wb‡ew`Z Ki‡eb|

• ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †÷K‡nvìvi Ges m¤¢ve¨ Askx`viMY (mykxj mgv‡Ri cÖwZôvb mg~n, ’vbxq Ges AvšÍR©vwZK GbwRI mg~n,

’vbxq e¨vw³eM©) wcwmGgG Gi Kvh©µg m¤c‡K© AewnZ nb|

1.1. ms¯’v wfwËK A_ev mn‡hvwMZvg~jK wcwmGgG cÖeZ©b

• wcwmGgG †h †Kvb †`‡ki m`m¨ `j Øviv Abykxjb Kiv hvq hviv y‡hvMKvjxb m¤¢ve¨ NUbvi cwiKíbv Ki‡Z AvMÖnx nq, Ges fwel¨‡Zi gvbweK mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ Ges y‡h©vM SzuwK nªvm msµvšÍ †cÖvMÖv‡gi cwiKíbvq `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi m¤cwK©Z Z_¨ e¨venvi Ki‡Z AvMÖnx nq|

• wcwmGgG Gi Kvh©µg Pvwn`v gvwdK n‡e| Gi djvd‡ji mwVK e¨venvi wbwðZ Ki‡Z †`‡ki gv‡SB `‡ji m`m¨ Øviv GUv cÖe©Zb Kiv hvq| mì `ßi mg~‡ni A_ev AÂj wfwËK Kg©xMY mnvqZvi Rb¨ wb‡R‡ì gv‡S civgk© Ki‡Z cv‡ib wKš‘ Av`k©MZ fv‡e Zv wcwmGgG Gi m~Pbv bq|

e· 3t wcwmGgG Gi mycvwik mgy‡ni MÖnY wbwðZKiY

2014 mv‡j BGgGgG (EMMA) Gi †Kvb djvdj Ges mycvwikmg~n †cÖvMÖvg‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ges †Kvb welq¸‡jv GB mycvwik mg~n e¨venvi Ki‡Z mnvqZv ev e¨NvZ m„wó K‡i Zv wb‡q AvBAviwm (IRC) M‡elYv K‡i‡Q| wZbwU cÖavb cÖfveK BGgGgG (EMMA) Gi mycvwik mg~n wba©vi‡Yi welq wn‡m‡e AvZ¥cÖKvk K‡i| hwÌ GB cÖfveK ¸‡jv BGgGgG †Z cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq, wcwmGgG (PCMA) †Z bq, Z‡e G me ¸‡jvB Abyiƒc bq| mgMÖ mnvwqKvq GB cÖfveK ¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ GUv g‡b ivLv Riæix †h, wb¤œy³ mycvwik mg~n wcwmGgG (PCMA) †_‡K MÖnY Ki‡Z wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| • evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì `¶Zvt `‡ji m`m¨‡ì AwfÁZv Ges `¶Zv, ms ’v mg~‡ni `vwqZ¡ Ges KZ©e¨, GQvovI e„nËi RbM‡bi gv‡S evRvi we‡kølY m¤c‡K© m‡PZbZv I Dcjwä e„w× Kiv|

• †hvMv‡hvM Ges cÖPvit we‡køl‡Y mivmwi AskMÖnY, Kv‡Ri wewfbœ djvdj cÖKv‡ki B‡f‡›U Dcw ’Z _vKv A_ev wbw`©ó av‡ci Dci Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g mgMÖ evRvi we‡kølY cÖwµqvq wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì m¤c„³ Kiv| GUv mgqgZ djvd‡ji gv‡S †hvMv‡hvM Ges mgMÖ cÖPvi cÖ‡Póvq `j‡bZvi Dcw ’wZi mv‡_ RwoZ| GB djdj mg~n mvgwMÖK cÖPvi cwiKíbvi Pvwn`v wb‡`©k K‡i hv g~j¨vq‡bi ïiæ‡ZB cÖ ‘Z Kiv DwPr| Dciš‘,GB mycvwik mgyn‡K Rvwi Ki‡Z ev ÍevqbKvix ms ’vi Aek¨B wKQz cwiKíbv _vKv DwPr|

• wi‡cv‡U© ¯cóZv Ges ¯”QZvt wi‡cvU©wU Gi Kg©c×wZ mwVK fv‡e eY©bv Ki‡e Ges Z_¨ m~‡Îi wem&ÍvwiZ weeiY GKwU cwic~Y© mshyw³ wn‡m‡e _vK‡e| GB wi‡cvU© cÖgvY wfwËK djvdj Ges mycvwik mshy³ K‡i, hv Kvh©Kix Kg©cwiKíbvi GKwU Ask|

Aa¨vq GK

1. wcwmGgG ev¯ Íevq‡bi wm×všÍ

18 | c„ôv

• cwmGgG Gi eënvi GKwUgvÎ ms ’v Øviv ev ÍevwqZ n‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ GwU †hŠ_ fv‡eI ev Íevqb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GwU

djvdj Ges mycvwik MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g DcKi‡Yi e¨venvi Ges gvwjKvbvi we Í…wZ‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| fwel¨‡Z wcwmGgG

eënv‡ii Rb¨ ‡m±‡ii mgšqKvix `j A_ev AvšÍtms ’v Kg©x`j Z_¨ Av`vb-cÖ`v‡bi gva¨g wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡Z

cv‡i|

1.2 evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³/evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv g‡bvbxZ Kiv

• †h e¨vw³ wcwmGgG eënvi Avi¤¢ K‡i‡Qb wZwbB evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³/evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡

wb‡Z cv‡ib, hZw`b ch©šÍ bv ’vqx fv‡e †Kvb GKRb wbhy³ n‡”Qb| (‡mKkb 6.1t evRvi `‡ji GKwÎKiY,

`ªóe¨)| GB ch©v‡q, cÖvq mgqB evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb/ evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv e¨vw³ "¯-g‡bvbxZ" n‡q _v‡Kb|

(‡hgbt GB Abykxj‡bi djvdj wb‡q Drmvnx e¨vw³)| Zv‡K evRvi m¤c‡K© we‡klÁ n‡Z n‡e Ggb bq wKš‘ evRvi

m¤cwK©Z welq mg~‡n Zvi Drmvn _vK‡Z n‡e|

• wcwmGgG Kivi Rb¨ evRvi KwgwUi cªavb/ evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv, ms ’vi e¨ve ’vcbvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e|

(‡mKkb 1.4t wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ †Km cÖ ‘Z KiY, ªóe¨)| GUv Kiv Av‡iv Riæix †h, evRvi KwgwUi cªavb e¨vw³i/

evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZvi wcwmGgG eënvi Ges c‡i mgšq Kivi Rb¨ h‡_ó mgq Av‡Q wKbv| evRvi KwgwUi cªavb

e¨vw³ nIqvq Zvi c Öwk¶Y MÖn‡Yi h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q|

• cÖ ‘wZ ch©v‡q Ges ms ’vi `¶Zv we‡ePbvq evRvi KwgwUi cªavb e¨vw³/ evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv

cvjb K‡i| mgšq I †bZ…Z¡ Zvi cÖavb `vwqZ¡| Zvi cÖv‡qvwMK (technical) evRvi we‡kølK nIqvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

†m wb¤œy³ `vwq‡Z¡ _vK‡e

wcwmGgG Gi cÖ ‘wZ ch©v‡qi ev Íevqb (Aa¨vq 1t wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ cÖ ‘wZ)

wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ mgšq Kiv (Aavq 2t wcwmGgG cwiPvjbv)| evRvi KwgwUi cªavb e¨vw³i/ evRvi `‡ji

`j‡bZvi g~j `vwqZ¡ evRvi we‡kølb cwiPvjbv bq, GUv we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZvi `vwqZ¡| (‡mKkb 6.1t evRvi `j

GKwÎZ KiY, `ªóe¨)| wKš‘ wZwb mvgwMÖK wcwmGgG Abykxj‡b Dcw ’Z _vK‡Z cv‡ib, GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †h, wZwb

Abykxj‡bi m¤¢ve¨ Abywjwc (replicate) Ki‡Z Ges wcwmGgG Gi Kvh©µg mg~n nvjbvMv‡ì (update) e¨ve ’v

Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

wcwmGgG Gi mycvwik mg~n MÖnY Ki‡Z mnvqZv †`qv| (Aa¨vq 3t wcwmGgG Gi djvd‡ji e¨venvi)

wcwmGgG Gi nvjbvMv` wbw`©ó Kiv| (‡mKkb 12t †idv‡iÝ Ges msK‡Ui wPÎvqb nvjbvMv` Kiv)

Aa¨vq GK 1. wcwmGgG ev¯Íevq‡bi wm×všÍ

1.3 cÖZ¨vwkZ/Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi †cÖ¶vc‡U y‡h©vMc~e© Ae¯’v wbwðZ Kiv

19 | c„ôv

`xN© †gqv`x `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖv_wgK ch©vq hv B‡Zvg‡a¨ evRvi e¨ve ’vq cÖfve †d‡j‡Q (‡hgbt ª yZ mZK©Zv e¨ve ’v mg~n

GiB g‡a¨ cÖPvi K‡i‡Q †h, Liv ïiæ n‡q‡Q Ges Gi d‡j Lv`¨ wbivcËvnxbZvi m„wó n‡e), Ggb Ae ’v †K `y‡h©vM

c~e© evRvi we‡kølb Uzj Øviv (‡hgbt BGgGgG, AviGGg) we‡kølY Kiv hvq|

evRv‡ii Ae ’v Lye `y‡h©vM c~Y© bq wKš‘ evRvi m¤cwK©Z KvVv‡gvMZ welq mg~‡n cÖfve †d‡j Ggb Ae ’v‡K `xN© †gq`x

evRvi we‡kølb c×wZ (‡hgb, wRBGg,Gg †dvi wc) Øviv we‡kølY Kiv hvq|

`y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq Ges Av‡M KL‡bv GjvKvq Ggb `y‡h©vM N‡Uwb Ggb Ae ’vi ‡ÿ‡Î evRv‡ii †eRjvBb ˆZwi †Z

wcwmGgG Gi Kvh©µg Gi gvÎv msKxY© K‡i †dj‡Z n‡e| hw` Av‡M KL‡bv GjvKvq N‡U wb Ggb †Kvb `y‡h©v‡Mi wPÎ

cÖ ‘Z Kiv nq Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, Zv ïaygvÎ aviYvi Dci wfwË K‡i KvR Kiv n‡e hv Z_¨ Ges we‡k øl‡Yi

wbf©i‡hvM¨Zv‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡e| GB †¶‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, evRv‡ii G±i Ges ¸YMZ Z‡_ï mv‡_ GB aviYv

mg~n cybivq wgwj‡q †`L‡Z n‡e|

1.4 wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ †Km cÖ¯‘ZKiY

Afxó RbM‡Yi (targeted community) Pvwn`v, ms ’v/G‡RwÝi †KŠkj Ges `‡ji ¶gZvi Dci wfwË K‡i, cÖm½ wbf©i welq wba©viY Ki‡Z wb¤œy³ GB civgk© mg~n cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i|

• Zvr¶wbKfv‡e evRv‡ii hLb †Kvb cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †bB (‡hgb-`y‡h©vMwenxb mgq) ZLbB evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Dchy³ mgq| Ges GB Ki‡Y `y‡h©v‡Mi mv‡_ †Kvb ms‡hvM QvovB `y‡h©vMKvjxb evRvi ch©‡e¶Y Ges G m¤c‡K© aviYv cvIqv hvq|

• `y‡h©vMwenxb cwiw ’wZ‡Z/mg‡q, ¯vfvweKfv‡e AKvh©Ki evRvi eë ’v‡K wPwýZ Kivi cwie‡Z© `y‡h©vMKvjxb evRvi eë ’v AKvh©KiZvi AšÍwb©wnZ welq¸‡jv fv‡jvfv‡e †evSvi Rb¨ evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi h‡_ó mgq i‡q‡Q|

• `‡ji `¶Zv e„w× Ges evRvi I evRvi m¤cwK©Z welqmg~‡ni Dci m‡PZbZv e„w×‡Z cÖvavb¨ w`‡Z `y‡h©vMwenxb mgq †kªô mgq|

• wcwmGgG eënviKvix `j¸‡jvi mg‡qvc‡hvMx I Kvh©Kix mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ‡K ev Íevqb Ki‡Z Ges cÖwZôv‡bi `y‡h©vMc~e© cÖ ‘wZi Rb¨ cwiKíbv Ki‡Z gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi AwfÁZv‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`qv|

• M„nxZ wcwmGgG †gŠmywg cÖeYZv (Seasonal trend) (GK eQ‡ii gv‡S) Ges †mB mv‡_ HwZnvwmK cÖeYZv

(Historical trend) (eQi a‡i) ch©‡e¶Y Kivi AbygwZ †`q hv we‡klZ `xN©‡gqv`x `y‡h©v‡Mi †cÖ¶vc‡Ui mv‡_

cÖvmw½K|

• `y‡h©vMwenxb Ae ’vq `y‡h©vMc~e© evRvi m¤c‡K© m¤c~Y© aviYv `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi mgq GKwU fimvc~Y© †eBRjvBb cÖ`vb K‡i| GB wcwmGgG Gi mycvwikmg~n `j wKsev ms ’v‡K evRv‡ii G±i Ges Afxó/myweav‡fvMx (targeted

Aa¨vq GK

1. wcwmGgG ev¯Íevq‡bi wm×všÍ • population) RbM‡Yi Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve‡K AwaK `ªyZ Ges mnRfv‡e eyS‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| Gi Øviv `y‡h©vM

AvNvZ Kivi mgq `ªyZ wm×všÍ †bqv hvq Ges G‡¶‡Î m¤c~Y© g~j¨vqb cÖ‡qvRb nqbv, ZLb ïaygvÎ †h‡Kvb evRvi m~P‡Ki GKwU msw¶ß nvjbvMv` n‡jB h‡_ó nq| GUv `ªyZ evRviwfwËK Kvh©µg‡K Aby‡gv`b K‡i hv RbM‡Yi Rb¨ †evaMg¨ Ges Zv ¶wZKi n‡e bv|

20 | c„ôv

• wewfbœ `y‡h©vMwenxb Ae ’vq, A‡bK evRvi eë ’v †ek `ye©j Ges Zv ¶gZv Ges mvgÄm¨nxb fv‡e wKQz G±i Øviv wbqwš¿Z Ges ïaygvÎ Zv‡ì Rb¨B jvfRbK| Gi d‡j `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq Zviv `ªyZ AwZ `wi` ª RbMY‡K †mev cÖ`vb eÜ K‡i †`q| wcwmGgG evRv‡ii MwZ †evSvi gva¨‡g `y‡h©v‡Mi fwel¨r c`‡¶‡ci cwiKíbv Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i hv fwel¨‡Z ¶gZvi Aceënvi‡K cÖwZ‡iva K‡i †hb fwel¨‡Zi †Kvb `y‡h©v‡M `wi ª RbMY‡K Av‡iv fv‡jvfv‡e †mev cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i|

• evRvi w ’wZkxj bq, GwU FZz Ges mg‡qi mv‡_ cwiewZ©Z| wcwmGgG Gi gva¨‡g, evRv‡ii GB cwieZ©‡bi g~j PvwjKv kw³ wK Ges evRv‡ii G±‡ii wfbœ AvPi‡Yi KviY Ges AšÍivq m¤c‡K© fv‡jv aviYv cvIqv hvq| GB aviYv¸‡jv Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv‡K mwµq Ki‡e hv GB cwieZ©b¸‡jv‡K Ggb fv‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i hv mnbkxjZv e„w×‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

KZ w`b/mgq jvM‡e?

GB avcwU civgk© cÖ`v‡bi gZ, Ges G‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e Zv wba©viY Kiv †ek KwVb| hvB †nvK, hw` eë ’vcbv `‡ji m`m¨MY evRvi we‡kølY Ges evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs Gi mv‡_ c~‡e©B cwiwPZ _v‡Kb Z‡e wcwmGgG Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ m¤c‡K© Zv‡ì †evSv‡Z Kg mgq wb‡e| Lye m¤¢e GK ev yB-Pvi NÈvi wgwUs ØvivB Zv m¤¢e nq|

Qwe: wdwjcvB‡bi GB wbg©vY mvgMÖx mievinKvix GKwU GbwRI Gi mnvqZvq UvBdzb nvBqvb G ¶wZMÖ¯Í cwiev‡ii gv‡S weZi‡Yi Rb¨ fvDPvi c~iY Ki‡Q|

Aa¨vq GK 2. wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY

2. wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY


wcwmGgG †K cÖvmw½K Ges Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z cÖ_g †_‡KB Gi D‡Ïk¨ mwVKfv‡e wba©viY cÖ‡qvRb| Gi Rb¨ evRvi we‡kølY wKfv‡e wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y mnvqZv K‡i Zv †`Lv‡Z n‡e Ges Z`vbyhvqx mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv Ges Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv

21 | c„ôv

cybwe©‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi gva¨‡g wcwmGgG Øviv †Kvb c Ö‡kœi Reve w`‡Z n‡e Ges †Kvb cÖkœ Gwo‡q †h‡Z n‡e Zv †evSv hvq|


• wcwmGgG eënv‡ii D‡Ïk¨ wba©vwiZ n‡e

• g~j we‡kølYag©x c Ö‡kœi mv‡_ RwoZ D‡Ïk¨ mg~‡ni Lmov Kiv n‡e|

GB av‡c KiYxq Ges wKfv‡e Kiv n‡e?

2.1 wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY

wcwmGgG eënv‡ii wb¤œy³ GKwU ev `ywU D‡Ïk¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i| Gi D‡Ïk¨ ev Íeag©x n‡Z n‡e Ges Zv G‡RwÝi AwfÁZv, Kg©m~Pxi D‡Ïk¨ A_ev †KŠkj Ges `¶Zv Ges wbw`©ó m¤c‡ì mv‡_ mvgvÄm¨c~Y© n‡Z n‡e|

• G‡RwÝ `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©cÖ ‘wZi Dbœqb Ges Riæix Ae ’vi m¤¢ve¨ NUbvi cwiKíbvq mnvqZv Kiv| wb‡¤œv³ Dcv‡q wcwmGgG PP©v fwel¨‡Z Riyix Ae ’vq mvovcÖ`v‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv e„w× Ki‡Z cv‡i:

Riyix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vi GKwU †eRjvBb cÖ`vb K‡i Ges †idv‡iÝ mg‡q `y‡h©vMnxb Ae ’vq evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnŸ m¤ú©‡K aviYv †`q|

Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v fwel¨Z `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve m¤ú‡©K Z_¨‡K mg„× K‡i Ges we‡kl K‡i evRvi eë ’vq RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY/AwaMg¨Zv (Access) Ges evRv‡ii wewfbœ G±i‡ì gv‡S eëmvwqK m¤cK© wb‡q GKwU fv‡jv

aviYv †`q| mvovcÖ`v‡bi wewfbœ c×wZ †_‡K eënvi Dc‡hvMx c×wZwU c~‡e© wPwýZ Kiv, eëmvqx‡ì gv‡S m¤cK© ’vcb BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g Riæix Ae ’vq mvovcÖ`vb‡K Av‡iv mg‡qvc‡hvMx I Kvh©Ki Kiv hvq|

¶wZMÖ Í RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨vwkZ Pvwn`v Abyhvqx mvovcÖ`v‡b evRv‡ii ¶gZvi gvÎv we‡kølY Kiv Ges †mB mv‡_ ÎvY Kvh©µ‡gi †Kvb Ask evRv‡ii Dci wbf©i Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv we‡kølY Kiv|

Riæix Ae ’vq †Kvb evRvi eë ’v RbM‡Yi ‡gŠwjK Pvwn`v Ges RxweKvi cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z cv‡i Zv wbY©q Kiv|

fwel¨‡Z Riæix Ae ’vq mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z †`‡ki wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì gv‡S evRvi wfwËK Kvh©µ‡gi m‡PZbZv e„w× Kiv|

• evRvi msµvšÍ P‚ovšÍ ch©‡e¶Y Ges y‡h©v‡Mi AvMvg mZK©Zv cÖ`v‡bi wb‡`©kK ¸‡jvi gva¨‡g cÖv_wgK KvR¸‡jv wba©viY Kiv, hv AvMvg mZK©Zv eë ’v (Early Warning System) Øviv AbyK…Z n‡e|


• Riæix Ae ’vq evRv‡ii †Kvb Ask †ekx ¶wZMÖ ’ n‡e Ges wKfv‡e Zv wPwýZ Kiv hvq Zv wba©viY Kiv Ges Gi gva¨‡g `y‡h©v‡Mi ¶wZi cÖfve cÖkwgZ Kiv Ges mnbkxjZv Mo‡Z mnvqZv Kiv| GUv Riæix Ae ’vq evRvi eë ’vcbvi Kv‡R mnvqZv K‡i Ges †idv‡iÝ mg‡q evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY m¤c‡K© aviYv †`q| Zvr¶wbK c`‡¶ç‡jv cwiKíbv Kiv hv evRvi‡K y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve †_‡K i¶v Ki‡e Ges/A_ev evRvi eë ’v‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡e Ges Gfv‡e `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi c~‡e© evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY myMg K‡i|

• evRvi we‡køl‡Y wb‡Ri Ges mn‡hvMx ms ’vi (Partners) Kg©x‡ì `¶Zv Dbœqb Ges Zv‡ì mvaviY aviYvi cwieZ©b evRvi wfwËK Kvh ©µ‡gi mv‡_ GKiƒc n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e wcwmGgG †Z GB `¶Zv e„w×i D‡Ïk¨wUB GKgvÎ D‡Ïk¨ bq Ges GwU Dc‡i DwjøwLZ Ab¨vb¨ D‡Ïk¨ Gi mv‡_ mshy³ n‡Z cv‡i| wbw`©ó D‡Ïk¨ (Spacific

22 | c„ôv

objective) (hv‡ì Dci we‡klfv‡e `„wó †`qv nq) Øviv g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ Ges evRvi wfwËK Kvh ©µ‡gi aiY wba©viY K‡i hv wcwmGgG eënv‡ii djvd‡ji gva¨‡g AewnZ Kiv hvq| (‡mKkb 9t evRviwfwËK c`‡¶‡c wcwmGgG Gi eënvi `ªóe¨)|

2.2 g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ wba©viY

wcwmGgG Gi eënvi Øviv g~j we‡kølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi †`qv hvq| wcwmGgG wb¤œy³ cÖkœ¸‡jvi mv‡_ m¤c „³ wel‡qi DËi w`‡Z DwÏó

mgMÖ evRv‡ii Ae ’vt evRv‡ii A_©bxwZ, cwiPvjbv bxwZ, cÖwZôvb, wbqgbxwZ, mvaviY AeKvVv‡gv Ges evRv‡ii mvaviY †mev BZ¨vwì mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZv

†idv‡iÝ mg‡q RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cwigvY Ges êwPÎZv c~i‡Y evRvi eë ’vi `¶Zv Ges evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY

wPwýZ `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cwigvY Ges êwPÎZv c~i‡Y evRv‡ii `¶Zv Ges evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY

evRvi eë ’vq MÖnYK…Z gvbweK mvnv‡hï Kvh©µ‡gi (intended humanitarian response) cÖfve Ges RbM‡Yi AvMgY/AskMÖnY (access)

evRvi cybM©Vb Ges GB evRvi ¸‡jv‡Z RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z fwel¨‡Z Aby‡gq Riæix Ae ’vi mgq Abyiƒc evRvi mgy‡ni cÖvmw½KZv

xN©‡gqv`x `y‡h©v‡Mi we Í…wZ NU‡Q wKbv Zv †`L‡Z evRvi wb‡`©kK mg~n ch©‡e¶Y Kiv| (‡hgb-c~e© mZK©Zv eë ’v)|

Riæix Ae ’vi evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY e„w× Ki‡Z `y‡h©vMc~e© Ave ’vi we‡ePbv A_ev `y‡h©v‡Mi AvNv‡Z ¶wZi cwigvY Kgv‡Z evRvi eë ’v‡K wbivc`/kw³kvjx Kivi cÖvmw½KZv|

GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, wcwmGgG cybive„wËg~jK| GZGe, `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v, my‡hvM Ges wbe©vwPZ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vi Dci wfwË K‡i wcwmGgG eënvi Kivi mgq g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~‡ni cybwe ©‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

Aa¨vq GK 2. wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY 2.3 evRvi m‡PZbZvi AšÍf©zw³/AskMÖnY (inclusiveness) wbwðZ Kiv

wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, GwU eënv‡ii d‡j mKj djvdj AšÍf©zw³g~jK/AskMÖnYg~jK (inclusive) n‡e Ges G¸‡jv G‡RÝx KZ©…K wba©vwiZ `jmg~‡ni mgš‡q mvovcÖ`v‡bi

cwiKíbvq eëüZ n‡e| GB mg‡qi gv‡SB myi¶v (Protection), †RÛvi (Gender), A¶gZv (Disability), Ges/A_ev êwPÎZv (Diversity) we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

we‡kølYg~jK cÖ‡kœi wfwË‡Z wb‡¤œi D`vni‡Yi gZ AšÍf©zw³/AskMÖnY (inclusiveness) wbwðZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i

• GKwU we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ - bvix I cyiæl Df‡qi Rb¨ evRv‡i ev ÍweK, A_ ©‰bwZK Ges mvgvwRK fv‡e AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ ¯Zš¿ evRvi we‡kølY wb‡q Kiv †h‡Z cv‡it

†idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q cyiæ‡li wecix‡Z bvixiv wKfv‡e evRv‡i AskMÖnY K‡i‡Q?

• A¶g e¨w³ A_ev wbw`©ó †Kvb RvwZ‡Mvôxi evRv‡i ev ÍweK, A_©‰bwZK Ges mvgvwRKfv‡e AskMÖn‡Yi cwigvc| g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœwU n‡Z cv‡i

23 | c„ôv

ev¯Íe D`vnviY AvBAviwm Øviv bvBRv‡i †RÛvi/wj½ mgwš^Z GKwU wcwmGgG

wcwmGgG †Z †RÛvi mgšq we‡ePbvq wb‡Z wb¤œy³ avcmg~n Kiv n‡qwQj

• †RÛv‡ii cÖavb e¨vw³ (‡RÛvi †dvKvj c‡q›U) wbhy³ Kiv n‡qwQj whwb evRvi `‡ji m`m¨ wQ‡jb Ges hvi `vwqZ¡ wQj †RÛvi‡K GB wcwmGgG eënv‡ii GKwU cÖavb Ask wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv, Gi ¸iæZ¡ m¤c‡K© Ab¨ `‡ji `j‡bZv‡K AewnZ Kiv Ges wcwmGgG eënv‡ii cy‡iv mg‡q †RÛvi‡K GKB iKg ¸iæZ¡ w`‡q we‡ePbv Kiv|

• †RÛvi‡K g~j we‡k ølbag©x cÖ‡kœi cÖavb wn‡m‡e a‡i mgMÖ wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi mgq hy³ ivLv n‡qwQj| cÖkœwU Ggb wQj - wKfv‡e evRvi eë ’v Riæix Ae ’vq bvix I cyiæ‡li gv‡S wfbœ fv‡e cÖfve †d‡j?

• wb¤œy³ welq mg~n m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z Rwi‡ci Uzj mg~n (mv‡f© Uzj/survey tool) (Lvbvi cÖkœgvjv/household questionnaire), (‡dvKvm MÖyc wWmKvkb Gi mnvwqKv BZ¨vw`) eënvi Kiv n‡qwQj 1) †idv‡iÝ mgq Ges

Riæix Ae ’vq cyiæl Ges bvixi f‚wgKv 2) cyiæl Ges bvixi Dci eb¨vi cÖfve|

• evRv‡i bvix Ges cyiæ‡li f‚wgKv, Avq Ges Zv‡ì f‚wgKvi Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve m¤cwK©Z Z_¨ Rvb‡Z wfbœ wfbœ †dvKvm MÖy‡c Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡qwQj| Lvbv Ges we‡µZvi mv¶vrKvi MÖn‡Yi mgq bvix‡ì Dcw ’wZ h‡_ó wQj wKbv Zvi w`‡K memgq mRvM `„wó wQj|

• †RÛvi/wj½ fvimvg¨ evRvi `j wbwðZ Ki‡Z h‡_ó cÖ‡Póv wQjt hLb we‡k ølY `‡ji cÖavb/`j‡bZv Ges Av‡iv PviwU evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZvi gv‡S wZbwU `‡ji `j‡bZvB gwnjv wbe©vwPZ nq ZLb gvV Kg©x‡ì gv‡S ïaygvÎ GKRb cyiæl Kg©x _v‡Kb, GUv bvBRv‡i AvBAviwm Gi A_©‰bwZK cybiæ×vi Ges Dbœqb (Economic Recovery and Development) G DwjøwLZ `‡ji mgšq‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i wKš‘ GUv ev Í‡ei †P‡q Kg †RÛvi fvimvg¨Zv‡K wb‡`©k K‡i| wcwmGgG †Z †RÛvi‡K mgšq Kiv m¤c‡K© Av‡iv Rvb‡Zt †R g¨v‡K¬IW (2015) Git

†idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq A¶g RbMY evRv‡i †Kvb cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY K‡i?

wbw`©ó RvwZ‡Mvôx‡Z/b„‡Mvôx‡Z (ethnic group) emevmKvix RbM‡Yi †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq wKfv‡e evRv‡i AskMÖnY K‡i?

• evRv‡ii wewfbœ G±i‡ì gv‡K©U †PBb (market chain) Gi gv‡S †RÛvi (gender), A¶gZv (disability) A_ev êwPÎZv (Diversity) welqK cv_©K¨¸‡jv g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡i

cyiæl Ges gwnjv eëmvqxi wK mieivnKvix‡ì wbKU mgvb cÖ‡ekvwaKvi i‡q‡Q? Ges gv‡K©U †PBb G wK Df‡qi mgvb my‡hvM i‡q‡Q?

wbw`©ó RvwZ‡Mvôx/ b„‡Mvôx‡Z (ethnic group) †_‡K AvMZ mKj eëmvqx‡ì wK F‡Yi my‡hvM i‡q‡Q?

• wcwmGgG, †cÖv‡UKkb (protection), †RÛvi (gender), A¶gZv (disability), A_ev êwPZ ©Zv (Diversity) †K cÖvavb¨ w`‡e bv wKš‘g~j¨vq‡bi Ab¨vb¨ avc mg~n GB welq¸‡jv m¤c‡K© m‡PZb _vK‡e| GUv wb¤œy³ welq mg~‡ni mgš‡q n‡Z cv‡i

evRvi `‡ji wj‡½i/ †RÛv‡ii fvimvg¨Zv wbwðZ Kiv

WvUv/DcvË msMÖ‡ni av‡c wewfbœ `‡ji mv‡_ mwµq fv‡e Av‡jvPbv Kiv

†mB me `j m¤c‡K© mnvqK Z_¨ msMÖn Ges we‡køl‡Y we`¨gvb Z_¨ eënvi Kiv

cÖvß Z_¨ Avjv`v fv‡e †Zvjv


24 | c„ôv

2.4 D‡Ïk¨, gyj we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~n Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi gv‡S GKwU †hŠw³K µgš^q wbwðZ Ki‡Z

wcwmGgG †Z wb‡¤œi Gi g‡Zv cwiKíbv cÖ‡qvRb

D‡Ïk¨, gyj we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~n wba©viY Ges cÖK‡íi cwiKíbvi gv‡S GKwU †hŠw³K µgšq i‡q‡Q, hv wb‡¤œ

msw¶ß AvKv‡i †`qv n‡jv


†Uwej 1t †hŠw³K µgšqt wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨, g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~n Ges Kvh©µ‡gi cÖKvi‡f`

wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ Gi Dci wfwË K‡i......

g~j we‡kølYag©x c Ö‡kœi mv‡_ RwoZ... cÖwµqvi cwiKíbvi Z_¨ cÖ`vb...

`y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©cÖ ‘wZi Dbœqb mvab Ges m¤¢ve¨ NUbvi cÖ ‘wZ‡Z mnvqZv


†idv‡iÝ I `~‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cwigvY Ges êwPZ ©Zv c~i‡Y evRvi eë ’vi `¶Zv Ges evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY

evRvi eë ’vq Ges RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi Dci MÖnYK…Z gvbweK mvnv‡hÏ (intended humanitarian response) Kvh©µ‡gi cÖfve

evRvi cybM©Vb Ges GB evRvi ¸‡jv‡Z RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z fwel¨‡Z Aby‡gq Riæix Ae ’vi mgq Abyiƒc evRvi mgy‡ni cÖvmw½KZv

evRvi ms‡e`x fwel¨‡Zi Riæix mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv

cÖv_wgK mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvwPwýZ KiY

`xN©‡gqv`x `~‡h©v‡Mi we Í…wZ NU‡Q wKbv Zv †`L‡Z evRvi wb‡`©kK mg~n ch©‡e¶Y Kiv| (‡hgb-c~e©

evRvi ch©‡eÿY, cÖPvi Ges Z`wei

25 | c„ôv

mZK©Zv eë ’v)|

`y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©vfv‡mi cÖfve cÖkwgZKiY Ges mnbkxjZv Mo‡Z


†idv‡iÝ I `~‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cwigvY Ges êwPZ ©Zv c~i‡Y evRvi eë ’vi ¶gZv Ges evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY Riæix Ae ’vq evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY e„w×i Rb¨ `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vi gvÎv wPwýZ Ki‡Z A_ev `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZi cwigvb Kgv‡Z evRvi eë ’v‡K i¶v Kiv/kw³kvjx Kiv

evRvi eë ’v kw³kvjx KiY Ges DbœZ c`‡ÿc MÖnY

`¶Zv Dbœqb †h‡nZz GKwU µm-KvwUs welq ZvB GUv wbw`©ó we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~‡ni gv‡S wPwýZ Kivi c Ö‡qvRb †bB


KZ mgq jvM‡e?

• cÖvmw½K Ges eënvi Dc‡hvMx wcwmGgG Ki‡Z †M‡j GB avcwU AwZ Riæix| GB avcwU AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, ZvB GB cÖwµqvq †`qvi gZ h‡_ó mgq wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| `yB N›Uvi GKwU Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g Gi D‡Ïk¨ e¨L¨v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, †hLv‡b G‡RwÝi g~j eë ’vcKe„›`, wewfbœ †cÖvMÖvg Ges mnvqK wefv‡Mi Kg©xe„›` Dcw ’Z _vK‡eb| Kg©kvjvq AskMÖnYKvix cÖavb e¨vw³‡ì GK‡Î R‡ov Kiv LyeB KwVb ZvB ïaygvÎ wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ Ges g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœmgyn‡KB GB GKw`‡bi Kg©kvjvi GKgvÎ Av‡jvP¨ welq wba©viY Kiv DwPr bq| eis Riæix Ae ’vi msÁv, Ae ’v we‡køl‡Yi my‡hvM Ges wcwmGgG †Z eëüZ Uzj I cwiKíbv cÖYqbI GB Kg©kvjvi Av‡jvP¨ welq n‡Z cv‡i| w`b e¨vcx Kg©kvjvq eë ’vcKe „‡›ì AskMÖnY AZ¨vek¨K bq wKš‘ mnvqK wefvMmn wewfb œ †m±i †_‡K AvMZ g~j Kg©xe„‡›ì GB mgMÖ Kg©kvjvq AskMÖnY AwZ Riæix|

• Kg©kvjvq AskMÖnYKvix‡ì gv‡S wcwmGgG wK, Gi D‡Ïk¨ Ges Gi Øviv g~j we‡k ølYag©x †Kvb cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi w`‡Z n‡e Zvi GKwU †c Ö‡R‡›Uk‡bi gva¨‡g Kg©kvjvwUi ïiæ Kiv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

• Kg©kvjvi djvdj wcwmGgG Gi wUIAvi Gi wfwË‡Z wjwce× Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, gv‡Vi Kvh©µg ïiæ nIqvi c~e© ch©šÍ g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœmg~n e`jv‡bv hvq| (Aa¨vq 2t wcwmGgG cwiPvjbv `ªóe¨)

26 | c„ôv

Qwet wQqvs gvB, _vBj¨vÛ G evg©vi Awfevmx Kg©x| wcwmGgG Gi g‡Zv Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi g~j¨vqb ïaygvÎ cY¨ mg~‡ni evRvi eë ’vcbvi w`‡KB „wó †`q bv eis wbw ©ó kªg evRvimn Ab¨vb¨ †mev evRvi Gi w`‡KI „wó †`q| wcwmGgG eënv‡i GUv DcKvix n‡e, D`vniY ¯îæc, y‡h©vM cieZ©x cybM©Vb cÖK‡í AvÂwjK kªg evRv‡ii kªwgK mievin Kivi ¶gZv Av‡Q wKbv Zv wba©viY Kiv|

Aa¨vq GK 3. y‡h©v‡Mi Ae¯’vi weeiYi/msÁvqb 3. `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi weeiYi/msÁvqb


wcwmGgG cwiPvjbv Kivi c~‡e© y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v m¤c‡K© aviYv †bqv AwZ cÖ‡qvRbxq Ges †h evRvi eë ’v we‡k ølY Kiv

n‡e Zv m¤c‡K© aviYv wb‡Z GB avc mnvqZv K‡i|

Dciš‘, wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨¸‡jv hw` GKwU evRv‡ii †eBRjvBb‡K msÁvwqZ Kiv †_‡K `~‡i m‡i hvq (‡hgb-ïay

†idv‡iÝ mg‡q evRv‡ii eë ’v we‡k ølY), Z‡e ZLb `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq‡K msÁvwqZ Kiv c Ö‡qvRb| `y‡h©v‡Mi GK GKwU

Ae ’v wKQz wKQz Abygv‡bi mgšq, hv Riæix Ae ’v m„wói KviY wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i| Ges Zv wPwýZ welqmg~n ev

NUbv mg~n †hgb gZ we‡ivwaZv, wech©q BZ¨vw` wel‡qi djvd‡ji mv‡_ weewa©Z nq| Ae ’v we‡k ølY Ges

†eBRjvB‡bi Z_¨ Abyhvqx GB Abygvb¸‡jv Ki‡Z n‡e| `y‡h©v‡Mi GKwU Ae ’v Aek¨B †QvU Ges mnR n‡Z n‡e|

hLb †Kvb evRvi eë ’vi Dci y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve wba©viY Kiv nq Ges GB cÖfv‡ei d‡j hw` evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY

Ae¨nZ _v‡K ZLb we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ w`‡Z wKQz Ae ’v m „wó Kiv Riæix n‡q c‡i| m „ó GB Ae ’vB cÖavb hvi Dci wfwË

K‡i evRvi eë ’v Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖ ÍvweZ weKí cš’v mg~‡ni Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve wba©viY Kiv nq|


• we‡køl‡Yi mgq wba©vwiZ n‡e hw` cÖvmw½K nq

• `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v wba©vwiZ n‡e

• `y‡h©v‡Mi GB Ae ’vq G‡RwÝi/cÖwZôv‡bi mvovcÖ`v‡bi m¤¢ve¨ Dcvq, Ges Afxó (targeted population) RbM‡Yi †Kvb Riæix cÖ‡qvRb †gUv‡Z G‡RÝx AvMÖnx| GB av‡c KiYxq Ges wKfv‡e Kiv n‡e?

27 | c„ôv

3.1 `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v wba©viY/Ae ’v msÁvwqZ Kivi wm×všÍ AwaKvsk †¶‡Î g~j we‡k ølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi w`‡Z †idv‡iÝ mgq Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡qi GKwU Zzjbvg~jK wPÎ ˆZwi n‡e| GwU Ki‡Z cÖ_‡gB GKwU `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi weeiY w`‡Z n‡e| `y‡h©v‡Mi GKwU wPÎ †gvUv‡gvwUfv‡e mv¤cÖwZK AZx‡Z (mvaviYZ weMZ cvuP eQ‡ii g‡a¨) N‡U hvIqv NUbv hv wbKUeZ©x fwel¨‡Z NU‡Z cv‡i Ggb `y‡h©v‡Mi mgvb| wb‡¤œv³ welq¸‡jv AšÍf©z³ _vK‡j `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi msÁvqb/wba©viY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb nq bv|

• g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœmgyn evRv‡ii A_©bxwZ, cwiPvjbv bxwZ, cÖwZôvb, wbqgbxwZ, mvaviY AeKvVv‡gv Ges evRv‡ii mvaviY †mev BZ¨vwì mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZvi mv‡_ RwoZ

• g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœmgyn †idv‡iÝ mg‡q RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cwigvY Ges êwPÎZv c~i‡Y evRvi eë ’vi `¶Zv Ges evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi Dci wbf©i K‡i

Aa¨vq GK 3. y‡h©v‡Mi Ae¯’vi weeiYi/msÁvqb

• Av‡M msMwVZ n‡q‡Q Ggb y‡h©vM KL‡bvB wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ Aby‡gq n‡e bv, A_ev Zv A‡bK Av‡M msMwVZ n‡qwQj evRv‡i hvi cÖfve RbMY g‡b iv‡L wb| A_ev wcwmGgG †Z †h y‡h©vM wb‡q KvR Kiv n‡e Zv AZx‡Z wewfbœ ch©v‡q msMwVZ n‡q‡Q| GB †¶‡Î ïaygvÎ evRv‡ii †eBRjvB‡bi cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡ †`qv n‡e| hw` wcwmGgG †Z Riæix Ae ’vi `„k¨cU wb‡q KvR Kiv nq wKsev Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Kiv nq Z‡e g‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †h GUv ïaygvÎ Abygv‡bi Dci Kiv n‡e Ges †m‡¶‡Î gvb m¤§Z Z‡_ï Dci ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e Ges evRv‡ii wewfbœ G±i‡ì mv‡_ µm †PK K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| 3.2 Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvqb

• ev ÍweK A‡_©, †`‡ki gv‡S G‡RwÝ/ cÖvwZôvwbK ch©v‡q wewfbœ WKz‡g›U i‡q‡Q hv gvbweK mvnv‡hï †KŠkj, iv‡óªi †KŠkj ev `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©cwiKíbvi Aax‡b Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Ges G‡RwÝi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx mvovcÖ`vb‡K msÁvwqZ K‡i| G‡¶‡Î G‡RÝxi `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢ve¨ cwiKíbv A_ev †KŠkjMZ WKz‡g›U †_‡K Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎ eënvi Kiv nq| hw` Zv bv Kiv nq, Z‡e Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvqb‡K bZzbfv‡e msÁvwqZ Ki‡Z n‡e| eZ©gv‡bi wcwmGgG eënv‡ii wfwË‡Z cÖwZwU evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ wfbœ wfbœ y‡h©v‡Mi Dci bRi w`‡Z n‡e| GgbwK hw` †Kvb AwZwi³ Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Ki‡Z h‡_ó m¤c` Ges AwfÁZv _v‡K Z‡e †h me GjvKv wewfbœ iK‡gi Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j ¶wZMÖ Í nq, †m w`‡KI bRi w`‡Z n‡e|

• hw` GjvKvq m¤¢ve¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi wPÎvqb WKz‡g‡›U msÁvwqZ Kiv bv _v‡K Z‡e †mB AÂ‡ji †Kvb AwfÁ mnKg©xi mnvqZvq y‡h©v‡Mi wPÎvqb K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| m¤¢ve¨ Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Kivi wPšÍv fvebvi gva¨‡g wcwmGgG ïiæ Kivi mwVK c×wZ, †hLv‡b gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb nq| GB cÖwµqv "‡Kv_vq"? "‡KvbwU mwVK"? "GUv KZUv Lvivc"? "KLb Ges wKfv‡e m¤¢e n‡e"? BZ¨vw` cÖkœ w`‡q ïiæ n‡Z cv‡i| †Uwej 2: m¤¢vebv Ges cybive„wËi cÖKvi‡f`

LyeB AcÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv/ weij

(Rare)

AcÖZ¨vwkZ (Unlikely)

AwbqwgZ NUbv (Possible)

wbqwgZ NUbv (Likely)

Kvw•¶Z A_ev cÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv (Imminent)

28 | c„ôv

LyeB AcÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv hvi cybive„wË 500 eQ‡ii gv‡SI cÖZ¨vwkZ/Aby‡gq bq (‡hgbt †Kvb GjvKvq DévcvZ A_ev kw³kvjx mybvgxi AvNvZ)

AcÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv hvi cybive„wË 100 eQ‡ii gv‡SI cÖZ¨vwkZ/Aby‡gq bq (†Kvb GjvKvq kw³kvjx f‚wgK¤c)

AwbqwgZ NUbv hvi cybive„wË 20 eQ‡ii gv‡S cÖZ¨vwkZ/Aby‡gq (‡hgbt mycvi mvB‡K¬vb)

wbqwgZ NUbv hvi cybive„wË Kgc‡¶ 10 eQ‡ii gv‡S GKevi cÖZ¨vwkZ/Aby‡gq (‡hgbt mvB‡K¬vb, eb¨v)

êÁvwbKfv‡e Kvw•¶Z A_ev cÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv hv 1 - 5 eQ‡i (‡hgbt evua fv½b), gv‡m (‡hgbt f‚wgaŸm, Av‡MœqwMwii AMœyrcvZ, weev‡ì Kvi‡Y RbmsL¨vi ’bvšÍi) GgbwK w`‡b (kw³nxb/mvaviY mvB‡K¬v‡bi c~e©vfvm) GKevi NU‡e|

Aa¨vq GK 3. y‡h©v‡Mi Ae¯’vi weeiYi/msÁvqb †Uwej 3: cÖfv‡ei cÖKvi‡f`

mvgvb¨ (Minor)

gvSvwi (Moderate)

Zxeª (Severe)

msKUc~Y© (Critical) gnv`y‡h©vM (Catastrophe)

g„‡Zi msL¨v k~b¨; AeKvVv‡gvi †Zgb ¶wZ nq bv; evRvi eë ’v Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯vfvweK Kvh©µg mvgvb¨ e¨nZ nq

g„‡Zi msL¨v Kg; AeKvVv‡gvi ¶wZi cwigvb mvgvb¨ hvi d‡j †gŠwjK †mev GK mßv‡niI Kg mg‡qi Rb¨ e¨nZ nq; evRvi eë ’v Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¯vfvweK Kvh©µgI GK mßv‡ni Kg mg‡qi Rb¨ e¨nZ nq

g„‡Zi msL¨v A‡bK; ¶wZMÖ Í AeKvVv‡gv wVK Ki‡Z h‡_ó mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRb nq; wKQz wKQ z †mev cÖvwß m¤c~Y© ¶wZMÖ Í nq Ges evRvi eë ’v GK gv‡mi †P‡qI †ekx mg‡qi Rb¨ e¨nZ nq|

g„‡Zi msL¨v K‡qK kZ nq; emZevwo Ges AeKvVv‡gvi ¸iæZi ¶wZ nq; †gŠwjK †mev mg~n cÖvwß‡Z Ges evRvi eë ’vq Ask wb‡Z 6 gv‡miI AwaK mgq †j‡M hvq; RbM‡Yi GKwU e„nr As‡ki ’vbvšÍ‡ii Kvi‡Y eëmvq, miKvwi Ges Kg ywbwUi KvRKg© ¸iæZifv‡e e¨nZ nq

g„‡Zi msL¨v K‡qK nvRvi nq; emZevwo, AeKvVv‡gv, miKvwi Ges †emiKvwi e¨vemvq Ges †mev e¨vcK aŸsm nq; †gŠwjK †mev mg~‡ni ¶wZMÖ Í I e¨nZ nq Ges GB †mev †c‡Z I evRvi eë ’vq Ask wb‡Z 1 eQ‡iiI AwaK mgq †j‡M hvq; RbM‡Yi GKwU e„nr As‡ki ’vbvšÍwiZ GgbwK ÿwZMÖ Í GjvKv ewR©ZI nq

• `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢ve¨Zv, cybive„wË Ges cÖfv‡ei Dci wfwË K‡i wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mgq wb‡¤œi Ó`y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v we‡kølYÓ

Gi g¨vwUª· Gi gva¨‡g `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v‡K msÁvwqZ Kiv hvq|GB g¨vwUª·wU wKQz mvaviY wMÖW wb‡q MwVZ †hLv‡b m¤¢ve¨ Riæix Ae ’vi m¤¢ve¨Zv/ cybive„wË‡K GKwU Gw·m Ges m¤¢ve¨ Riæix Ae ’vi cÖfve‡K Aci GKwU Gw·m G i¨vswKs Kiv nq| G‡K Ggbfv‡e msÁvwqZ Kiv hvq †h, y‡h©v‡Mi †h Ae ’vi AwaK m¤¢ve¨Zv Ges djvd‡ji AwaK cÖfve i‡q‡Q †m Ae ’vi SzuwK AwaK Ges Zv wcwmGgG †Z eënv‡ii Dc‡hvMx |

• g¨vwUª· Gi e¨venvi welq mv‡c¶, ZvB wewfbœ „wófw½‡K GKwÎZ Ki‡Z Ges HK¨gZ AR©b Ki‡Z Riæix Ae ’vi we‡kølY Ges Ae ’v wbe©vPb AwZ Riæix|

29 | c„ôv

Aa¨vq GK 3. y‡h©v‡Mi Ae¯’vi weeiYi/msÁvqb

†Uwej 4: y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v we‡køl‡Yi g¨vwUª·

m¤¢v

e¨ c

Öfve

(A

e’vi

djvd

j †_‡

K M

„nxZ

)

gnv`y‡h©vM

(Catastrophe)

msKUc~Y©

(Critical)

D”P SzwKu

Zxeª (Severe)

gvSvwi SzwKu

gvSvwi

(Moderate)

Kg SzwKu

mvgvb¨ (Minor)

LyeB Kg SzwKu

LyeB AcÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv/ weij

(Rare)

AcÖZ¨vwkZ

(Unlikely) AwbqwgZ NUbv

(Possible) wbqwgZ NUbv

(Likely) Kvw•¶Z A_ev cÖZ¨vwkZ NUbv

(Imminent)

m¤¢vebv Ges cybive„wËi cÖKvi‡f`

• Riæix Ae ’vi wPÎvq‡b mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i we`¨gvb Ggb Uzj mg~n

AvBGiwm Gi "wmbvwiI wewìs IqvK©wkU di Bgvi‡RwÝ wcÖcv‡iW‡bm"

AvBGdviwm Gi "Kw›Ub‡RwÝ c ø¨vwbs MvBW" (c„ôv 16 - 18) wcwmGgG Gi Ae ’v wPÎvq‡bi c×wZi wKQz wb‡`©kbv cÖ`k©b K‡i|

A·dvg Gi "cviwUwm‡cUwi K¨vcvwmwU GÛ fvjbvivwewjwU Avbvj¨wmm" Gi PZz_© avc `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v kbv³ Ki‡Z Kg ywbwU wfwËK G‡cÖvP Gi wb‡`©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i|

30 | c„ôv

"Bbdig B‡Û· I‡qemvBU" cÖvq 200 wU †`‡k RbM‡Yi MÖnY‡hvM¨, gvbe Rxe‡bi SzuwKi Dci wbqwgZ nvjbvMv`K…Z Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i hv Riæix Ae ’vi msÁvq‡b eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i|

• "Riæix Ae ’vi dvu` (Scenario trap)" m¤c‡K© m‡PZb _vKv Ges Ah_v Ae ’vi wek` eY©bv cÖ`vb Ki‡Z AwaK mgq e¨vq Gi Dci m‡PZbZv|

• hLb †Kvb Riæix Ae ’v wbe©vwPZ nq ZLb ïaygvÎ Afxó/myweav‡fvMx (targeted population) RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v, ‡fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv, wbw`©ó MÖyc BZ¨vwì Dci wfwË K‡i wbiw`ó wKQz Z_¨ R‡ov Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| (‡mKkb 4.1t Pvwn`v wbiƒcY/wba©viY `ªóe¨)

Aa¨vq GK 3. y‡h©v‡Mi Ae¯’vi weeiY/msÁvqb

3.3 we‡køl‡Yi †idv‡iÝ I `y‡h©v‡Mi eQi Ges mgq/gvm (Season) wba©viY

• wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mgq me‡P‡q P¨v‡jwÄs welq¸‡jv n‡jv Ggb GKwU eQi wba©viY Kiv hv GKwU ¯vfvweK eQi‡K cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e (‡idv‡iÝ eQi) Ges Av‡iv GKwU eQi wba©viY Kiv hv †Kvb cÖZ¨vwkZ `y‡h©vM‡K fv‡jvfv‡e eY©bv Ki‡e (`y‡h©v‡Mi eQi)|

• †idv‡iÝ eQi GKwU Av`k© eQi (Good year) †_‡K wfbœ, GUv Ggb GKUv mgq hLb wba©vwiZ we‡k øl‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb `y‡h©vM N‡Uwb| GUv civgk© †`qv nq †h, †idv‡iÝ eQi n‡e Ggb GKwU wbw`©ó mgq hv wcwmGgG †Z eënv‡ii Rb¨ WvUv/DcvË msMÖn Kiv †K mnR Ki‡e|

• `y‡h©v‡Mi eQi Ggb GKUv mgq, hLb Riæix Ae ’v cÖm‡½ evRv‡ii g~j G±i‡ì ¯v¶vZKvi †bqv nq| GB eQ‡i evRvi eë ’vq cÖZ¨vwkZ `y‡h©vM m¤c‡K© Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv nq| cvuP evQi Av‡M †h y‡h©vM N‡U‡Q Zvi m¤c‡K© Z_¨ msMÖn †_‡K weiZ _vK‡Z n‡e| KviY weMZ eQi n‡Z ‡Kvb Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni d‡j fyj Z_¨ msM„nxZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q|

• hLb `y‡h©v‡Mi eQi wbe©vwPZ nq, Ges wbe©vwPZ eQi AvÂwjK RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q †hgb fv‡e cwiwPZ Zv‡K †Zgb fv‡eB cwiwPwZ cÖ`vb Kiv DwPr| D`vnviY ¯iƒc - 2013 mv‡j wdwjcvB‡b msMwVZ UvBdzb AvÂwjK fv‡e "UvBdzb BIjvÛv " bv‡g cwiwPZ wKš‘ AvšÍR©vvwZKfv‡e GUv "nvBqvb" bv‡g cwiwPZ| Dciš‘, RbMY Ggb mgq‡K "we‡kl NUbv" wn‡m‡e g‡b iv‡L †hgb B‡_vIwcqvi RbMY 2011 mv‡ji Liv †K "wZbwU e¨_© el©v Kv‡ji c‡ii mgq" wn‡m‡e g‡b iv‡L|

• `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq/gvm (Season) GKwU eQ‡ii wbw`©ó mgq hLb Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi AvNvZ Kivi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| GB mgq †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi eQ‡i GKB gv‡m nq| †h evRvi we‡kølY Kiv n‡e Zv wba©viY Kivi c~‡e©B `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq/gvm (Season) cybwe©‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb †h gv‡mi Lye kw³kvjx FZz êwPÎ i‡q‡Q Zv we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| (‡mKkb 8.2t wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi c Ö ‘ZKiY `ªóe¨)

ev Íe D`vnviY we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi eQi, †idv‡iÝ eQi Ges mgq/Kvj

wb‡¤œi mgqKvjwU `vidz‡i Ryb, 2015 mv‡j K¨v_wjK wiwjd mvwf©m (wmAviGm) Gi wcwmGgG Kivi mgq wba©wiZ n‡q‡Q| GB wcwmGgG e¨venv‡ii mgq `y‡h©vMwU wQj Liv, 2015 mvj‡K †idv‡iÝ eQi wn‡m‡e aiv n‡qwQj Ges 2010 mv‡ji e„wówenxb el©v Kvj‡K fwel¨r `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae¯’vi cÖw· wn‡m‡e aiv n‡qwQj| we‡køl‡Yi mgqKvj wQj †g gvm, KviY GB gvm ïK‡bv †gŠmyg Ges fwel¨r Livi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx

`y‡h©v‡Mi mgq †g 2010 †idv‡iÝ mgq †g 2015

KZ mgq jvM‡e?

31 | c„ôv

• GKw`‡bi Kg©kvjvi gva¨‡g hLb wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨, g~j we‡k ølYag©x cÖkœ Ges we‡k øl‡Yi myweav wba©viY Kiv nq

ZLb GB avcwUi D‡Ïk¨B m‡©ev”P AwR©Z n‡e|

• hw` GKw`‡bi Kg©kvjvi Av‡qvRb m¤¢e bv nq Z‡e evRvi `‡ji cÖavb e¨vw³ GB avcwU Ki‡Z GwM‡q Avm‡eb Ges

AwfÁ mnKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv, B‡gj BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g †dWe¨vK wb‡q GB avcwU m¤cbœ Kivi wbðqZv w`‡eb|

Aa¨vq GK 4. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwa/e¨wß Ges Riæix Ae¯’vi evRvi eë ’v wba©viY

4. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwa/e¨wß Ges Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v wba©viY


evRvi we‡køl‡Yi mKj Uzj wbw`©ó wKQz cY¨ ev †mevi evRvi hvPvB Ki‡Yi Dci wbf©i K‡i| g~j¨vq‡bi e¨wß Ges

my‡hvM GKwU evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Uzj‡K Ab¨ Uzj †_‡K e¨vcK fv‡e c„_K K‡i| Ges we‡køl‡Yi D‡Ï‡kï Dci wfwË

K‡i GB Uzj wbe©vPb Kiv nq|

wKQz evRvi we‡køl‡Yi mnvwqKv g~j¨vq‡bi cÖKvi‡f‡ì wfwË‡Z evRvi ’vb (Marketplace) Ges evRvi e¨ve ’v‡K

c „_K K‡i| evRvi ’vb (Marketplace) Gi we‡kølY GKwU `ªyZ cÖwµqv, hv Pvwn`vi wfwË‡Z †Kvb evRv‡ii ’vb

(Marketplace) wKfv‡e cY¨ Ges †mevi `ªyZ mieivn Ki‡e Ges GUv Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e wKbv Zv †ei K‡i|

wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mnvwqKv evRvi eë ’vi c×wZ‡K (market system approach) wfbœ wfbœ ‡fŠ‡MvwjK myweav

Ges we‡køl‡Yi e¨wßi wfwË‡Z MÖnY K‡i| GgbwK, gv‡K©U‡cøm G‡cÖvP (marketplace approach) MÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î,

evRvi we‡kølY m¤cbœ Kivi Rb¨ Riæix Ae ’vq Afxó/myweav‡fvMx (targeted population) RbM‡Yi Rb¨ wbw`©ó

cY¨ Ges †mev (‡hgb - evRvi eë ’v) wbe©vPb c Ö‡qvRb|


• †h mKj RbM‡Yi y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j ¶wZMÖ Í nIqvi m¤¢vebv †ekx i‡q‡Q Zv‡ì AZ¨vek¨Kxq Pvwn`v wbiæcb Kiv|

• we‡køl‡Yi ‡f‰‡MvwjK AÂj Ges e¨wß wba©viY

• wcwmGgG eënv‡ii/cÖ‡qv‡Mi Rb¨ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v wba©viY


4.1. Pvwn`v wbiƒcY

Riæix Ae ’v wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ GwU GKwU avivevwnK cÖwµqv| hw` Riæix Ae ’vi m¤¢ve¨ NUbvi cwiKíbv †Kvb WKz‡g‡›U

c~‡e© D‡jøL bv _v‡K Z‡e wb¤œy³ welq¸‡jv wba©viY Ki‡Z n‡e:

G‡RÝx/ cÖwZôvb †h ’v‡b `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi wPÎvq‡b mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv Ki‡Z Pvq Zvi ‡fŠ‡MvwjK Ae ’vb

Afxó/ myweav‡fvMx RbMY (m¤¢ve¨ ¶wZMÖ Í Rb‡Mvôxi msL¨v Ges PvwiwÎK êwkó) (targeted population)| hLb

Afxó/ myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi msL¨v wnmve Kiv nq ZLb Aek¨B Afxó/myweav‡fvMx RbMY QvovI GKB GjvKvi

emevmKvix Ges GKB evRvi ’vb (Marketplace) eënviKix Ab¨vb¨ RbM‡Yi Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e|

wcwmGgG cÖwµqvi cieZ©x mg‡q, cwiewZ©Z Pvwn`vi Rb¨ mvovcÖ`v‡b evRv‡ii `¶Zv g~j¨vq‡bi †¶‡Î, †h me

32 | c„ôv

RbMY GB cÖwµqvi Ask bq wKsev hv‡ì mnvqZv MÖn‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb nqbv Zv‡ì we`¨gvb ev fwel¨‡Zi Pvwn`vi K_v

fzj‡j Pj‡e bv| (GB me RbMY‡K Afxó/ myweav‡fvMx wn‡m‡e aiv nq bv)|

RbM‡Yi AZx‡Zi `ye©jZv/AmnvqZv (voulnerability) Ges eZ©gvb Pvwn`v


hw` y‡h©vM N‡U ( y‡h©v‡Mi wPÎvqb wba©vwiZ _vKvi †¶‡Î) Z‡e myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi (targeted population)

Riæix Ae ’vq Pvwn`v wbiƒcY| Riæix Ae ’vi Pvwn`v cÖavb Lv`¨ (staple food) wKsev Lv`¨ bq (non-food)

Ggb c‡Yï Rb¨ n‡Z cv‡i, K‡jivi †¶‡Î GB Pvwn`v mvaviYZ mvevb Ges ¯v ’¨wewa msµvšÍ DcKiY Ges cÖvK…wZK

`y‡h©v‡Mi †¶‡Î GB Pvwn`v ¸‡jv cÖavb Lv`¨ (staple food), Lvevi bq (non-food) Ggb cY¨ Ges Avevmb

BZ¨vw`| wfbœ wfbœ †¶‡Î GB Pvwn`v ¸‡jv wb‡q we‡iva n‡Z cv‡i|

y‡h©vMwenxb mg‡q †h mKj RbMY Zv‡ì Pvwn`v c~i‡Y evRvi ’v‡b (marketplace) Ask †bq Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq

Zv‡ì evRv‡i AskMÖnY Kivi m¤¢vebv †ekx|

• RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi Rb¨ AviGGg Gi Uzj b¤i 2 MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, hv †mvgvwjqvq AvBAviwm Øviv M„nxZ

n‡qwQ‡jv 4.2 Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi e¨ve ’v wba©viY

• Riæix Ae ’vi mgq A_ev eZ©gvb Pvwn`vi wfwË‡Z Afxó RbM‡Yi/ myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi (targeted population)

AwaK cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v wbiæc‡bi w`‡K bRi †`qv Ges G‡ì‡K Riæix Ae ’vi evRv‡ii mv‡_ mshy³ K‡i †`qv hv

kbv³K…Z Pvwn`v‡K cÖZ¨¶ ev c‡iv¶ fv‡e †gUvq|

• cÖ_‡gB evRvi e¨ve ’v mg~n‡K we Í„Z cwim‡i we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e hv 1) myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi Riæix Ae ’vq KvR K‡i

2) cÖZ¨vwkZ `y‡h©vM Øviv AwaK ¶wZMÖ Í n‡e Ges 3) Zv c~e©cwiKwíZ mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqvi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K|

`y‡h©v‡Mi mgq myweav‡fvMx/ Afxó RbM‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v c~i‡Y mnvqZv K‡i Ggb evRvi e¨ve ’v Ges †mB mv‡_

`y‡h©v‡Mi ¶wZc~iY Ges mnbkxjZv Mo‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq evRvi eë ’vi wfwË‡Z Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v‡K we Í„Z

cwim‡i we‡ePbv Kiv nq| GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, wba©vwiZ evRvi eë ’v, mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvKivi m¤¢ve¨

cwiKíbv Ges wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ mgyn cÖvmw½K| Ges Av‡iv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e, †h evRvi eë ’v mg~n we‡køl‡Yi

Rb¨ we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Zv we‡klfv‡e cyiæl, gwnjv Ges wbw`©ó Pvwn`v Abyhvqx Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji Rb¨ Riæix |

• GB ch©v‡q Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi we‡k øl‡Y cÖavb Lvevi/Lvevi mg~‡ni evRvi eë ’v/eë ’v mg~n Lye m¤¢eZ hy³ n‡Z

cv‡i| `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq wKsev nv½vi M¨vc wmRb G Afxó/myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi cÖavb Lvev‡ii weKí eë ’v‡K

we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|

33 | c„ôv

e· 4t M„nvqb Ges Avkªq cÖ`vb m¤cwK©Z Riæix evRvi eë ’v mg~n

evox fvov m¤cwK©Z evRvi eë ’vi (rental) we‡kølY gvbweK mvnv‡h¨ Kg©iZ Kg©x‡ì Rb¨ †ek KóKi

(challenging) wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Kiv nq KviY evox fvovi evRvi eë ’vi RwUjZvt AvbyôvwbK Ges

AbvbyôvwbK fvov eë ’v GK mv‡_ mv`„k¨ fv‡e _v‡K/GKB iKg _v‡K (parallel) Ges evRv‡ii êwkó¨ wba©viY Av‡iv GKZv P¨v‡jÄ (‡hgb- GK †eWiæg wewkó A_ev cvwbi myweavmn d¬¨vU Gi Dci evRvi we‡k ølY †dvKvm Ki‡e wKbv BZ¨vw`)| G‡¶‡Î evRvi wbe©vPb Av‡iv GKwU P¨v‡jÄ KviY M„nvqb eë ’v wb‡RB wfb wfbœ evRvi eë ’v mgwó| wMÖnvqb ev Avkªq cÖ`vb GKwU RwUj †fvM¨ cY¨ hv wewfbœ ai‡bi c„_K c„_K cY¨ Ges †mevi mgwó| GB Kvi‡Y, M„nvqb/Avkªq cÖ`vb evRvi eë ’vi †kªYxwefvM Kiv ev g~j¨vqb Kivi Rb¨ Gi ¸iæZ¡c~Y©/cÖ‡qvRbxq Dcv`v‡bi Dci wfwË bv K‡i Gi Kvh©KvwiZvi Dci wfwË Ki‡Z nq| (‡hgb-Rwgi gvwjKvbv Ges m¤c‡ì †fvM`L‡ji cÖwµqv wKfv‡e DbœZ nq, Kg ywbwU ch©v‡q wKfv‡e †gŠwjK AeKvVv‡gv/Nievwo cÖ`vb Kiv hvq, M„nvq‡b Avw_©K Ges Avw_©K bq Ggb †mev wKfv‡e cÖ`vb Kiv hvq Ges wKfv‡e Kg ywbwU wbivcËvnxbZvi weiæ‡× cÖvwZôvwbK iƒc jvf K‡i?) Ggb evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ ‡fŠ‡MvwjK mxgv wba©viY GKwU eo P¨v‡jÄ †hgb, Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKv/cvov †_‡K Ab¨ GjvKvi evwo fvov wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| cwi‡k‡l GUv ejv hvq, evwo fvovi evRvi we‡kl‡Yi g~‡jï GB ZviZ‡gï KviY wba©viY Kiv KwVb| wmGiGm, M„nvq‡bi evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Dci GKwU †ccvi/ wi‡cvU© cÖ ‘Z Ki‡Q hv 2016 Gi †k‡l cÖ ‘Z n‡e|


• evRvi we‡køl‡Yi wKQz wKQz we‡eP¨ welq wb‡`©k K‡i †h, †Kvb wbw`©ó cY¨ ev †mevi Rb¨ Avi evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

†h mKj cY¨/‡mevi †Kvb evRvi g~j¨ †bB Ges/A_ev gvbylRb/‡fv³vMY H mKj cY¨/‡mevi Rb¨ c„_Kfv‡e g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z AvMÖnx bq|

Afxó RbMY/ myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi H c‡Yï g~j¨ cwi‡kva Kivi gZ mvg_ © †bB GB Kvi‡Y †mB me cY¨ AwZ Riæix cY¨ bq (GUv mvaviYZ gvsm A_ev gv‡Qi †¶‡Î n‡q _v‡K)|

†h cY¨/ †mev miKvi KZ©…K cÖ`Ë nq (miKvwi cY¨/‡mev †hgb-cÖv_wgK wk¶v)

†h cY¨/‡mev †Kvb ¶wZ/weiæc cÖfve Gov‡bvi Rb¨ mK‡ji Kv‡Q mgvb fv‡e †fvM‡hvM¨ (‡hgb - AZ¨šÍ msµvgK e¨vwai Rb¨ UxKvcÖ`vb wKsev ¯v_¨ †mev)

Ggb evRvi †h h‡_ó AKvh©Ki Ges †hLv‡b "e¨_©" evRvi (market failure) Gi nvi †ekx (‡hgb-Ggb GKwZ evRvi †hLv‡b GK‡PwUqv wbqš¿Y i‡q‡Q)

• GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, cÖwZwU cY¨/‡mev c„_Kfv‡e we‡k ølY Ki‡Z n‡e KviY cÖvq wcÖwZwU c‡Yï DrcwË wfbœ wfbœ ’vb Ges Drcv`K †_‡K †fv³v ch©šÍ G‡ì Ae ’v‡bi wfbœ wfbœ cwieZ©b N‡U| Ges G‡ì Rb¨ wfbœ wfbœ AeKvVv‡gv,

BbcyU Ges evRv‡ii mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb nq| hvB †nvK, hw` †Kvb cY¨ †hgb "¯v ’¨ †mevi cY¨" wKsev "‡evZjRvZ cY¨" hv‡ì mvcøvB †PBb GKB †m‡¶‡Î evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Rb¨ G‡ì‡K wewfbœ `‡j fvM Kiv cÖ‡qvRb nq| `‡j fvM Kivi AšÍwb©wnZ KviY n‡jv, c‡Yï GB `j mieivn Ges wecY‡bi †¶‡Î wbw`©ó evRv‡ii m~PK †hgb - g~j¨, Pvwn`v Ges mieivn Gi mv‡_ Abyiƒcfv‡e mviv cÖ`vb K‡i| †hgb- hw` †m‡KÛ n¨vÛ Kvc‡oi

34 | c„ôv

Aa¨vq GK 4. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwa/e¨wß Ges Riæix Ae¯’vi evRvi eë ’v wba©viY evRv‡ii GKwU gvÎ Drm _v‡K hv †Kvb cÖKvi Sv‡gjv QvovB cybivq cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z cvi‡e †m‡¶‡Î "‡m‡KÛ n¨vÛ Kvc‡oi evRvi" we‡k ølY mnR nq Ges wfbœ wfbœ c‡Yï (‡gvRv, nvZ †gvRv, RyZv, Uzwc, †KvU BZ¨vw`) Gi Avjv`v Avjv`v evRvi we‡kølY cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| hw` †Kvb wbw`©ó cY¨ (‡hgb - RyZv) Gi mieiv‡ni Drm Ges Gi wecYb c„_K fv‡e nq Z‡e Gi evRvi we‡k ølY Avjv`v/ c„_K fv‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

• i¨vswKs †Uwe‡ji gva¨‡g c‡Yï ZvwjKv Kg Kiv hvq, GLv‡b 1 me‡P‡q Kg †¯‹vi Ges 3 me‡P‡q †ewk †¯‹vi wn‡m‡e †`qv n‡”Q| wb‡Pi †UwejwU BGgG Gi UzjwKU †_‡K D`vnviY wn‡m‡e †`qv n‡jv| GB wbe©vPb cÖwµqvwU hw` evRvi we‡køl‡Yi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K nq Z‡e Zv MÖnY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

†Uwej 5 Riæix evRvi eë ’v wbe©vP‡b i¨vswKs †Uwej

†Rvqvi (Sorghum) Gi gq`v

G‡K¨vqvU¨vem cø¨vw÷K Gi c`©v

A ’vqx kªwgK

myweav‡fvMx `‡ji (target group) Gi AZ¨vek¨Kxq Pvwn`v 3 1 2 1 cyiæl Ges gwnjv Df‡qi Rb¨ Riæix 3 2 3 1 mvovcÖ`v‡bi D‡Ïk¨/G‡RÝx ev cÖwZôv‡bi Av‡`‡ki mv‡_ cÖvmw½K evRvi 2 1 3 1 Riæix Ae ’vq miKv‡ii cwiKíbv/ †m±i Gi cwiKíbvi mv‡_ cÖvmw½KZv 3 3 2 1 evRv‡ii Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve 3 3 1 2 evRv‡ii evRv‡ii AwaK Z‡_ï cÖ‡qvRbxqZv 3 1 2 2 wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mwVK mgq Ges FZz êwPÎZv 3 1 1 2 Ab¨vb¨ evRvi eë ’vi cÖwZwbwa/ `jxqKi‡Yi m¤¢ve¨Zv (grouping) 1 1 3 1 †gvU 21 13 17 11

• i¨vswKs Kivi gva¨‡g Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi e¨ve ’v wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, evRvi eë ’vi cybive„wË êwk‡ói Rb¨ gvV ch©v‡q KvR ïiæi c~‡e©B wewfbœ evRvi `j Ges †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g wbe©vwPZ evRvi eë ’v mgšq K‡i wb‡Z n‡e (‡mKkb 8.1t m¤c~Y© evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi `j‡K cÖwk¶Y Ges Zv‡ì we‡køkb‡K wbw`©ó AeKvVv‡gv cÖ`vb)| GKvwaK D”P †¯‹v‡ii GKB iKg c×wZ‡Z cwiPvwjZ evRvi eë ’v wbievPb Kivi †P‡q Zzjbvg~jK wb¤œ †¯‹v‡ii evRvi eë ’v wbievPb Ki‡Z we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e hv cÖ‡qvRbxq Ges Avewk¨K Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z| AvšÍtm¤c‡K©i wfwË‡Z evRvi eë ’v wbe©vPb m¤c‡K© we‡ePbv Kiv DwPr| †hgb †Rvqvi (Sorghum) `y‡ai mv‡_ MÖnY Kiv nq|


35 | c„ôv

g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖ‡kœi ev Íe D`vnviY

Pv‡ji evRvi eë ’vi eZ©gvb Ae ’v Ges eb¨vi mgq GB evRvi eë ’v †Kgb n‡e? K) GB evRvi wK ch©vß cwigvY/gv‡bi cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Q? L) GUv wK AskMÖnY g~jK Ges cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK evRvi? M) ewa©Z Pvwn`vi mv‡_ GUv †Kgb mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvKi‡Z cvi‡e? (AvBAviwm, cvwK¯Ívb, 2015) Avj û‡`B`vn Gi Mixe K…lK‡ì wb‡R‡ì Lvevi Ges cï Lv‡`ï Rb¨ †Rvqvi Pv‡l DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z wK ai‡bi c`‡¶c wb‡Z n‡e? (A·dvg, B‡q‡gb, 2013) AvMvgx Qq gv‡mi gv‡S m¤¢ve¨ evuav ev SzuwK wK n‡Z cv‡i hv †Rvqvi /fzÆv Gi gq`v/m yc Gi evRvi‡K ¶wZMÖ Í Ki‡Z cv‡i? (A·dvg, `w¶b my`vb, 2014) †Rvqvi Gi evRvi eë ’v wK cÖwZwU GjvKvi Riæix Ae ’vq cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡Z evRv‡ii ¶wZ‡K mgwšZ Ki‡Z h‡_ó mseØ Av‡Q wKbv? (gvimx Kc©m, `w¶Y my`vb, 2014) M‡gi L‡oi evRvi eë ’v Ges myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi Dci m¤¢ve¨ eb¨vi ¶wZi cÖfve Kgv‡Z mwVK Dcvq ¸‡jv wK? (AvBAviwm, cvwK¯Ívb, 2015) ¶ivi mgq UvWIW ms‡Ni m`m¨Mb Riæix Lv`¨ mieivn Gi †¶‡Î †Kvb cÖKv‡ii mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i| GKB `y‡h©v‡M, evRv‡ii G±i‡ì Ny‡i `vov‡bvi Rb¨ `y‡h©vM †gvKv‡ejv †KŠk‡ji †¶‡Î evRvi eë ’v mnvqZvq cÖ‡qvRbxq wK c`‡¶c MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e? (wmGiGm, my`vb, 2015)

4.3 cÖ‡qvR‡b g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ‡K Riæix evRvi eë ’v Ges y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi mv‡_ mgwšZ Kiv

• g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ¸‡jvi cybtwe‡ePbv Kiv Ges wbwðZ Kiv, wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwU cÖkœ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi mv‡_ m½wZc~Y©| y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v, wPÎvqb Ges g~j¨vq‡bi my‡hv‡Mi Dci wfwË K‡i GB cÖkœ ¸‡jv‡K cwi‡kvab Ges †X‡j mvRv‡bv hvq| evRvi eë ’v m¤c‡K© Rvbvi Pvwn`vi Dci wfwË K‡i cÖwZwU Riæix evRvi eë ’vi Rb¨ wfbœ wfbœ we‡kølYag©x cÖ‡kœi †mU _vK‡e|

• GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, we‡k øl‡Yi AMÖMwZ wn‡m‡e wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mgq Gi cybive„Ë êwk‡óï Rb¨ we‡k ølYag©x cÖkœ¸‡jv‡K †X‡j mvRv‡Z n‡e|

KZ mgq jvM‡e?


ZLb GB avcwUi D‡Ïk¨B m‡©ev”P AwR©Z n‡e|

• hw` GKw`‡bi Kg©m~Px Kvh©Ki bv nq Z‡e evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³ AwfÁ mnKg©x‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv, B‡gj

BZ¨vwì gva¨‡g Ávb AR©‡bi gva¨‡g g~j we‡k ølYag©x cÖ‡kœi GKwU ewa©Z ZvwjKv ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡ib| evRvi welqK

Kg©kvjvi ïiæ‡Z GB ewa©Z ZvwjKvwU Kwg‡q †djv m¤¢e (‡mKkb 8.1t m¤c~Y© evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi `j‡K cÖwk¶Y Ges

Zv‡ì we‡køkb‡K wbw`©ó AeKvVv‡gv cÖ`vb)

Aa¨vq GK 5. eënv‡ii Rb¨ evRvi we‡kl‡Yi Uzj/Uzj mg~n wbe©vPb

5. eënv‡ii Rb¨ evRvi we‡kl‡Yi Uzj/Uzj mg~n wbe©vPb

36 | c„ôv


wcwmGgG mnvwqKv `y‡h©vM c~e©eiZx mg‡q evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi †Kvb bZzb c×wZi m~Pbv K‡i| evRvi gyj¨vq‡bi Rb¨

GUv we`¨gvb Uzjmg~‡ni Dci wbf©i K‡i hv g~jZ y‡h©vM cieZ©x evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ c Ö ‘Z Kiv n‡qwQj|

wcwmGgG eënv‡ii myweav Ges e¨cKZv GKevi eyS‡Z cvi‡j wcwmGgG eënv‡ii Uzj wbe©vPb Kivi Rb¨ GKwU

Ae ’vb ˆZwi nq|


cÖv_wgK fv‡e g~j¨vq‡bi mgq `y‡h©vM cieZ©x mg‡qi †Kvb UzjKxU wU eënvi Kiv n‡e Zv m¤c‡K© Rvbv hv‡e| GB av‡c KiYxq Ges wKfv‡e Kiv n‡e?

5.1 Pvwn`v Ges D‡Ï‡kï wfwË‡Z g~j¨vq‡bi e¨cKZv wbY©q

wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ Ges g~j we‡klYag ©x c Ö‡kœi wfwË‡Z g~j¨vq‡bi e¨cKZv wbY©q Kiv hvq hv eënv‡ii Rb¨ evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Uzj wbe©vPb Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| wb‡¤œi êwkó¨¸‡jv wbe©vPb cÖwµqv m¤cbœ Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| G¸‡jv wb‡`©kb wn‡m‡e Ges mw¤§wjZ fv‡e eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i (‡hgb - e¨q msµvšÍ RwUj evRvi eë ’v wb‡q Mfxi fv‡e g~j¨vqb Kivi wm×všÍ)

cwðg AvdMvwb Ív‡bi kni †nivZ Gi GB cÖavb Lv`¨ k‡mï †`vKv‡bi cÖvY n‡jv eëmvq| mgMÖ c„w_exi gvbyl cÖ‡qvRbxq cY¨ Ges Avq Gi Drm Df‡qi Rb¨ evRv‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡i


†Uwej 6 jvBU UvP Ges Mfxifv‡e g~j¨vqb?

jvBU UvP jvBU UvP (†hgb - A·dv‡gi 48 AvIqvi Mfxifv‡e g~j¨vqb (†hgb - BGgGgG (EMMA) A_ev

37 | c„ôv

Uzj (48 hour tool), WweIGdwc Gi eëmvqx

Rixc (WFP trader survey) Ges AviGGg

(RAM))

GgGwR(MAG))

we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡it

• gvbm¤§Z Z_¨

• evRv‡ii A_©bxwZi mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZv

• evRvi eë ’vq Ges RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi Dci MÖnYK…Z gvbweK Kvh©µ‡gi cÖfve

• evRvi cybM©Vb Ges GB evRvi ¸‡jv‡Z RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z fwel¨‡Z Aby‡gq Riæix Ae ’vi mgq Abyiƒc evRvi mgy‡ni cÖvmw½KZv

• xN©‡gqv`x `~‡h©v‡Mi we Í…wZ NU‡Q wKbv Zv †`L‡Z evRvi wb‡`©kK mg~n ch©‡e¶Y Kiv| (‡hgb-c~e© mZK©Zv eë ’v)

we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡it

• cwigvYMZ Z_¨

• evRv‡i G±i‡ì we ÍvwiZ/we Í…Z m¤cK©

• †idv‡iÝ I `~‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi cwigvY Ges êwPÎZv c~i‡Y evRvi eë ’vi ¶gZv Ges evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY

• Riæix Ae ’vq evRv‡i RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY e„w×i Rb¨ `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vi gvÎv wPwýZ Ki‡Z A_ev y‡h©v‡M ¶wZi cwigvb Kgv‡Z evRvi eë ’v‡K i¶v Kiv/kw³kvjx Kiv

c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ b~b¨Zg mgq c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ `x©NZg mgq (3 gv‡mi AwaK mgq)

evRvi ’v‡b cÖZxqgvb/ch©vß (visible abundand) mieivn

AwbwðZ mieivn

†QvU/mij mvcøvB †PBb A‡c¶vK…Z eo/RwUj mvcøvB †PBb

eëmvqxiv D”P ¶gZv m¤cbœ nq (Avw_©K, †bUIqvK©) eëmvqx‡ì A‡c¶vK…Z Kg `¶Zv

evRvi eë ’vq Z‡_ï fv‡jv cÖevn ÎæwUc~Y© Z_¨ cÖevn

mnR evRvi eë ’v RwUj evRvi eë ’v

e¨q msµvš— evRvi (Uv‡M©U MÖyc/myweav‡fvMx `j Øviv cY¨ A_ev †mev µq)

kªg evRvi mn Avq msµvš— evRvi (‡hgb - †h evRvi eë ’v †_‡K Uv‡M©U MÖæc/myweav‡fvMx `j

Avq Ki‡Z cv‡i)

evRv‡ii my¯có †Kvb mgm¨v _vK‡e bv ¯cóZ wewNœZ evRvi eë ’v


GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, GB c×wZ¸‡jv GKwU Av‡iKwU †_‡K ¯Zš¿ bq, cÖv_wgKfv‡e jvBU UvP g~j¨vqb c×wZwU ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ evQvB Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges cieZ©x mg‡q Av‡iv wek` g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ Riæix Ae ’vi †Kvb wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi †PB‡bi w`‡K bRi †`qv hvq|

5.2 evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Dchy³ Uzj (mg~n) wbe©vPb Ki‡Z we`¨gvb DcKiY Ges Áv‡bi eënvi

38 | c„ôv

• we`¨gvb wewfbœ evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Uzj mg~n wbe©vP‡bi wel‡q wm×všÍ wb‡Z cÖwZôvb/G‡RwÝi evRvi g~j¨vq‡b AwfÁ Kg©xi mn‡hvwMZv cÖ‡qvRb| A_ev †`‡ki wfZ‡i K¨vk IqvwK©s MÖæc A_ev c~e© AwfÁZv m¤cbœ G‡RwÝi mvnvh¨ †bqv †h‡Z cv‡i| weKífv‡e, "gv‡K©U Bb µvBwmm MÖæc" Gi eënviKvix e„nËi Kg ywbwU‡Z mvnvh¨ PvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• Av‡iv A‡bK WKz‡g›U Ges Uzj i‡q‡Q hv wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi cÖwµqvq mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i

K¨ví/ AvBAviwm Gi "K¤cv‡iwUf †Uwej Ae wnD‡gwb‡Uwiqvb gv‡K©U A¨vbvjvBwmm Uzj" we`¨gvb wewfbœ evRvi we‡kølY mnvwqKv m¤c‡K© †gŠwjK aviYv w`‡Z c Ö ‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| hv Ae ’v I Pvwn`vi wfwË‡Z wewfbœ Uzj wbe©vPb Ges mgšq m¤c‡K© aviYvi cÖv_wgK Ae ’v|

A·dv‡gi "gv‡K©U A¨vbvjvBwmm K¤cvm" eënviKvix‡ì wewfbœ evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Uzj m¤c‡K© c_ cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z c Ö ‘Z Kiv n‡qwQj|

ev ÍweK D`vnviY wcwmGgG †Z eëüZ BGgGgG Ges AviGGg Uzj

AvBAviwm (IRC) 2015 Gi †k‡l "‡mvgvwjqvq wcwmGgG eënvi" ev Íevq‡b Iqvk Ges M„nvqY c‡Yï evRvi

eë ’vi we‡kølY Ges cwigvc Ki‡Z AviGGg (RAM) Uzj eënvi K‡iwQj

A·dvg 2015 Gi wW‡m¤‡i "evsjv‡`‡k wcwmGgG Gi eënvi" ev Íevq‡b Lvevi cvwb Ges K…wl kª‡gi evRvi eë ’v we‡køl‡Y BGgGgG Uzj eënvi K‡iwQj

AvBAviwm (IRC) cvwK Ív‡b wewfbœ ai‡Yi evRvi eë ’v †`L‡Z wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mgq GgGgGgG Gi Uzj

eënvi K‡iwQj|

• wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi mgq gvbweK mvnv‡hï evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi mKj Uzj eënvi Kiv nq bv| GLb ch©šÍ, †KejgvÎ BGgGgG Ges AviGgG Uzj wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡b eëüZ n‡q‡Q| GUv aviYv Kiv nq †h, GgGwR (MAG), A·dv‡gi 48 AvIqvi Uzj Ges WweøIGdwc Gi eëmvqx Rwic y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i wKš‘ GB Áv‡bi cwiwa GL‡bv †gvUvgwU mxgve×|

• evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi h_vh_ Uzj wbe©vPb n‡q †M‡j cÖvmw½K UzjwK‡Ui GKwU Abywjwc cvIqv hv‡e hwÌ wcwmGgG mnvwqKv eënv‡ii cÖavb welqe ‘ _vK‡e|


e· 5 evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Ab¨vb¨ c×wZ

evRvi w ’wZkxj bq/cÖMwZkxj/MwZkxj Ges mv¤cÖwZK mg‡q evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi A‡bK Uzj Ges c×wZ c Ö ‘Z n‡q‡Q| wRGGg (GAM) Ges Gg‡dviwc (M4P) (e· 1 ªóe¨) Gi gZ `xN© †gqv`x UzjwKU QvovI Av‡iv A‡bK UzjwKU i‡q‡Q hv wb‡æ ms‡¶‡c eY©bv Kiv n‡jv wKš‘ G¸‡jv GB mnvwqKvq wel`fv‡e eëüZ n‡e bvt

f¨vj y †PBb we‡k ølYt evRv‡ii wewfb œ G±‡ii gv‡S we`¨gvb g~‡jï Dci †dvKvm K‡i| †hgb, GUv evRv‡ii MwZkxjZv Ges cwiewZ©Z cÖK…wZi Dci bRi †`q bv| ev ÍweK fv‡e, f¨vj y †PBb Ges evRvi eë ’v gv‡S gv‡S GKB welq wb‡`©k K‡i, wKš‘ evRvi eë ’v Av‡iv e„nr cwigÛj wb‡q MwVZ| Av‡iv ejv hvq, f¨vj y †PBb

39 | c„ôv

we‡kølY `xN© †gqv`x A_ ©‰bwZK Db œqb Kvh©µg/‡cÖvMÖv‡g eëüZ nq Ges GB Kvi‡Y Zv GLv‡b wek`fv‡e eëüZ nq wb|

gvbweK mvnv‡hï †cÖ¶vc‡U kªg evRvi we‡k ølYt GB mnvwqKvwU `¶ Ges A`¶ kªg evRvi we‡køl‡Y wb‡ew`Z hv `y‡h©vM cieZ©x mg‡q RxweKv Ges evRvi eë ’v Dbœq‡bi Kvh©µg ev Íevqb Ges cwiKíbvi Z_¨ w`‡Z AvMÖnx| wcwmGgG Gi gZ, GUv †Kvb bZzb Uzj bq eis we`¨gvb Uz‡ji Dci wfwË K‡i GUv GKwU evRvi we‡kølY c×wZ cÖ ‘Z K‡i| wcwmGgG Gi mv‡_ Abyiƒc nIqvq, y‡h©vM c~e©eZ©x mg‡q GUv evRvi eë ’v we‡k øl‡Y AskMÖnYKvix‡ì kªg evRvi we‡køl‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i hZ¶Y ch©šÍ bv g~j¨vqb ev Íevq‡bi d‡j wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ Ges wbw`©ó c Ö‡kœi DËi AwR©Z bv n‡”Q|

gvwë †m±i evRvi we‡kølY (Multi-Sector Market Analysis)t GB mnvwqKvwU gvwë cvicvm MÖv›U †cÖvMÖvg Gi gva¨‡g `y‡h©v‡M ¶ZMÖ Í RbMY †gvUv‡gvwU Ges mgvbfv‡e cÖZ¨vwkZ cY¨ Ges †mev MÖn‡Yi my‡hvM cv‡”Q wKbv Zv cix¶v Ki‡Z eënviKvix‡ì mnvqZv K‡i| wcwmGgG Gi gZ GUv bZzb †Kvb Uzj bq eis we`¨gvb Uz‡ji Dci wfwË K‡i GUv GKwU evRvi we‡kølY c×wZ cÖ ‘Z K‡i| wcwmGgG Gi mv‡_ Abyiƒc nIqvq, `y‡h©vM c~e©eZ©x mg‡q GUv evRvi eë ’v we‡køl‡Y AskMÖnYKvix‡ì kªg evRvi we‡køl‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i|

K¨ví evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi me©wb¤œ gvbt GB mnvwqKvwU evRvi we‡køl‡Yi UzjwKU Ges c×wZi ms‡hvM ’vc‡b eënviKvix‡ì mnvqZv K‡i GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z †h evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq ev` c‡iwb| hwÌ GUv cwiKíbv Kiv n‡qwQj y‡h©vM cieZ©x mg‡qi Rb¨, wKš‘ Gi me©wb¤œ gvb `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| gvK©BUt GB gvK©BU †Kvb evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Uzj bq, GUv evRvi ch ©‡e¶‡Yi Uzj| g~jZ GUv c Ö ‘Z Kiv n‡qwQj evRv‡ii Lv`¨ g~j¨ ch ©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨| gvK©BU Gi †idv‡iÝ Ges wj‡¼R - Aa¨vq 4t wcwmGgG Gi nvjbvMv` KiY

Aa¨vq GK 5. eënv‡ii Rb¨ evRvi we‡kl‡Yi Uzj/Uzj mg~n wbe©vPb 5.3 g~j¨vq‡bi e¨cKZvi Dci wfwË K‡i ‡fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vb wbY©q

• Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ GjvKv wbe©vP‡bi †¶‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †ht

evRvi ’vb cwi`k©b AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKš‘ evwYR¨ Pµ (), c‡Yï ¸`vg, miKvwi mì `dZi BZ¨vw` wel‡qI we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| †h †Kvb †`‡k gv‡K©U †PBb GKwU we Í…Z GjvKv wb‡q MwVZ nq|

cvBKvwi evRvi A_ev evRv‡ii g~j G±i `~ieZ©x GjvKvq Ae ’vb Ki‡Z cv‡i, GB †¶‡Î `~ieZ©x GjvKvi Z_¨ msMÖn‡KI we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|

e„nËi GjvKvi †¶‡Î, me‡P‡q Kv‡Qi evRvi cvk¦©eZ©x †`‡k Aew ’Z n‡Z cv‡i|

M„nxZ c`‡¶‡ci Rb¨ evRvi †K›`ªxq A_ev AvÂwjK n‡Z cv‡i|

• c~‡e© wba©vi‡Yi gZ g~j¨vq‡bi my‡hvM Ges e¨cKZv Ges Ae ’vi AwbðqZvi Dci wfwË K‡i evRvi ’vb cwi`k©‡bi msL¨v wbf©i K‡i| ev¯—weKfv‡e, GUv mg‡qi cÖvc¨Zvi Dc‡iI wbf©i K‡i|

40 | c„ôv

• evRvi ’vb (‡h ’vb †_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡e) wbe©vP‡bi †¶‡Î evRvi mgšq‡K we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e Ges Kg mgwšZ evRvi‡K AwaK ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

• evRvi ’vb wbe©vPb †hLvb †_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡e| †mKkb 4.1t Pvn`v wbiƒcY Gi Z_¨ eënv‡ii wfwË‡Z GB avcwU m¤cbœ Kiv hvq|

• gvK©BU c×wZ †_‡K †bqv wb‡¤œi m~PK †UwejwU jvBU UvP Ges Mfxifv‡e g~j¨vq‡bi µ‡gi wfwË‡Z evRvi ’vb cÖ`k©‡bi we ÍvwiZ eY©bv K‡i‡Q|

‡Uwej 7: evRvi ’vb cwi`k©‡bi msL¨v evRv‡ii cÖKvi Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ evRv‡ii msL¨v

†K›`ªxq evRvi (kni GjvKvq e„nr evwYwR¨K evRvi) 1 - 3 AvÂwjK mieivnKvix (‡Rjvq me©e„nr cvBKvwi evRvi) Kgc‡¶ 1 wU, wKš‘ c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi Rb¨

evRv‡i mieiv‡ni msL¨v M„nxZ c`‡¶‡ci Rb¨ evRvi (RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi wfwË‡Z)

3 - 10

wb¤œgyLx evRvi (‡h me evRvi †QvU evRvi/MÖv‡gi ¶z`ª eëmvqx‡ì mieiv‡ni Dci wbf©i K‡i)

0 - 2

ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ †gvU evRvi 4 - 15

KZ mgq jvM‡e?


ZLb GB avcwUi D‡Ïk¨B m‡©ev”P AwR©Z n‡e| weKífv‡e, GB avcwU evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³ GK NÈv ev Zv‡iv

†ekx mg‡qi gv‡S m¤cbœ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GB av‡ci Rb¨ hw` evRvi wel‡q AwfÁ †Kvb e¨vw³‡K cvIqv hvq Z‡e

Zvi wbKU cÖv‡qvwMK (technical) mnvqZv PvIqv jvfRbK|

Aa¨vq GK 6. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv

6. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv GB av‡ci cÖ‡qvRbxqZv wcwmGgG ev Íevqb †ek KwVb (challenging), KviY A‡bK gvVKg©xi Rb¨ GwUi eënvi m¤c~Y© GKwU bZzb welq| fv‡jvfv‡e cÖ ‘Z _vKv Ges ¯có cwiKíbv GB avcwU m¤cbœ Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| GB av‡ci †k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

• wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `j MVb • wUIAvi cÖ ‘Z m¤cbœ nq Ges Zv eë ’vcbv KwgwU Øviv ¯xK…Z nq| Ges Zv m¤¢ve¨ `‡ji m`m¨‡ì gv‡S cÖPvi Kiv

nq| • wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq A_©‰bwZK, jwRw÷Kvj Ges gvbe m¤c` BZ¨vw` welq mg~n wba©vwiZ nq • eë ’vcbv cÖwZôv‡bi m¤¢ve¨ mvovcÖ`v‡bi †KŠkj Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©cÖ ‘wZ wVK K‡i


41 | c„ôv

6.1 evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì GKwÎZKiY

• wcwmGgG eënviKvix `j wba©viY| GB `jwU wb¤œy³ m`m¨‡ì mgš‡q MwVZ nq

evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³t †mKkb 1.2 `ªóe¨t GKRb evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³ wbhy³KiY| evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³i `vwqZ ¡ n‡jv cÖ ‘wZg~jK avcmg~‡ni ev Íevqb; G‡¶‡Î wZwb cÖ‡qvR‡b wewfbœ welq cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib wKš‘ GB ch©vq †_‡KB mgMÖ ev Íevqb c×wZ‡Z GKRb e¨vw³B evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb wn‡m‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb| wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi cÖ ‘wZg~jK avc †_‡K cÖK…Z Kvh©µ‡g Gi djvdj eënvi ch©šÍ mgšq Kiv evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³i `vwqZ¡| wZwb evRv‡ii g~j wb‡`©kK (market indicators) mg~‡ni Pjgvb ch©‡e¶Y Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b wcwmGgG Gi nvjbvMv`KiY wbwðZ K‡ib|

we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZvt GB e¨vw³ mgMÖ wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡cÖvß nb| wZwb wewfb œ evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv‡ì gv‡S mgšq mvab K‡ib Ges wbðqZv cÖ`vb K‡ib †h cÖwZwU `j mwVK c‡_ Av‡Q Ges cÖvmw½K Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Q hv we‡køl‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡e| wZwb cÖwZw`‡bi wi‡cvU© (daily debriefing) Kiv, evRv‡ii wPÎ we‡k ølY

(market map analysis) (‡mKkb 8.8t evRv‡ii wPÎ we‡kølY `ªóe¨) Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ we‡kølY (‡mKkb 9t evRvi wfwËK c`‡¶‡ci Rb¨ wcwmGgG Gi eënvi)| GB `vwqZ¡ cvj‡b mwVK e¨vw³ wbe©vPb †ek KwVb| `vwqZ¡ Abyhvqx, we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZv evRvi we‡k øl‡Y Ges gvbweK mvnv‡hï Kvh ©µ‡g GwU eënv‡i AwfÁ n‡eb| evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb n‡Z cv‡ib A_ev wZwb G‡RwÝ/cÖwZôv‡bi †KD wKsev evwn‡ii †Kvb civgk© cÖ`vbKvix (external consultant) n‡Z cv‡ib|

evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZvt we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZvi †bZ …‡Z¡ cÖwZwU evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv GK GKwU Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi we‡køl‡Y `vwqZ¡cÖvß nb| GB c‡ì Rb¨ evRvi we‡køl‡Yi c~e©AwfÁZv †bZ …Z¡, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Ges we‡køl‡Yi `¶Zv, Ges Kvh©µg ev Íevq‡bi AwfÁZvi gZ Riæix bq| evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv wn‡m‡e fvicÖvß nIqv evRvi

Aa¨vq GK

6. evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv g~j¨vq‡bi AwfÁZv Qvov GKRb A½xKvie× Kg©xi Rb¨ eo GKwU my‡hvM| Gi gva¨‡g wZwb `¶Zv Ges AvÍwek¦vm Ges fwel¨‡Z we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZv nIqvi GKwU my‡hvM AR©b K‡ib| wet`ªt hw` mgMÖ wcwmGgG eënv‡ii gv‡S ïaygvÎ GKwU Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi‡K we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ wPwýZ Kiv nq Z‡e we‡kølY `j Ges evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv wn‡m‡e GKRb e¨vw³B `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

evRvi `‡ji m`më„›`t ¯vfvweKfv‡e, cÖwZwU evRvi eë ’vi we‡k øl‡Yi Rb¨ we‡køl‡Yi my‡hvM Ges MfxiZvi Dci wfwË K‡i `yB †_‡K cvuP Rb e¨vw³i c Ö‡qvRb nq| GjvKv m¤c‡K© Zv‡ì Lye ¯có aviYv _vK‡Z n‡e Ges AvÂwjK fvlvq K_v ej‡Z mvg_ © n‡e| Zviv Z_¨/ DcvË (Data collection) msMÖ‡ni `vq‡Z¡ _v‡Kbv Ges evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv‡K evRv‡ii Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Ges we‡køl‡Y mnvqZv K‡i| Zviv GbwRI A_ev BDGb Gi Kg©x, miKv‡ii cÖwZwbwa GgbwK cÖvB‡fU †m±‡ii G±i n‡Z cv‡ib| mvaviYZ cÖvB‡fU †m±i‡K m¤c~Y© cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Kiv‡bv †ek KwVb, wKš‘ Zv‡ì g~j¨vqb‡K †QvU K‡i †`Lv DwPr bq, Zv‡ì‡K we‡k øl‡Yi mgq h_v m¤¢e RwoZ Kivi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| wKQz wKQz †¶‡Î, evRvi `j DcvË msMÖnKvix‡ì mgš‡q hviv ïay WvUv B msMÖn Ki‡e Ges Ab¨vb¨ Kg©x‡ì mgš‡q hviv we‡køl‡Y mnvqZv Ki‡e wKš‘ WvUv msMÖn Ki‡e bv Zv‡ì wb‡q MwVZ nq| G‡¶‡Î GUv mycvwikKiv nq bv KviY c~e©AwfÁZv †_‡K ejv nq GB c×wZ we‡k ølY‡K Av‡iv RwUj K‡i|

mnvqK wefv‡Mi (supporting department) mvnv‡h¨ GKRb wbw`©ó cÖavb e¨vw³ wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e whwb Kg©kvjv Ges gvV ch©v‡q cÖ ‘wZ‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| Dciš‘, hw` g~j¨vq‡bi mgq †gvevB‡ji gva¨‡g DcvË msMÖn

42 | c„ôv

(Data collection) Kiv nq Z‡e, GKRb AvBwU we‡klÁ‡K mgMÖ g~j¨vq‡bi mgq cÖ ‘wZ Ges †gvevB‡ji cÖkœgvjv

(questionnaire), WvUv ’vbvšÍi (data transfer) Ges mgm¨v mgvav‡bi Rb¨ Kv‡Q ivLv Riæix |

Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi msL¨v Ges my‡hv‡Mi Dci wfwË K‡i mgMÖ `j wb‡¤œi AiMv‡bvMÖv‡gi gZ n‡Z cv‡it


GUv g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, hw` g~j we‡k ølYag©x cÖkœ mg~n ïaygvÎ evRvi A_©bxwZi mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZvi mv‡_ RwoZ nq Z‡e evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi †ekxifvM Ask †W¯‹ wiwfI (desk review) †_‡K Kiv nq (‡mKkb 7.1t mvgwMÖK evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZvq we`¨gvb Z‡_ï †W¯‹ wiwfI `ªóe¨); myZivs `j †_‡K evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³i mnvqZvKvix `yB ev wZb Rb m`m¨ Kwg‡q †djv hvq|

• wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡b mvd‡jï Ab¨Zg Dcv`vb evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì mgšq| Kg©x‡ì †UKwbK¨vj AwfÁZv, ev ÍweK Ávb, K_v ejv fvlv, wcwmGgG eënv‡i AvMÖn, Ges †RÛv‡ii (cÖ‡qvR‡b bvix Ges cyiæ‡li c„_Kfv‡e ¯v¶vZKvi MÖnY) Dci wfwË K‡i GB `j‡K mgšq Kiv nq| we‡kl K‡i †h‡nZz we‡k øl‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ knbkxjZv Mov †m‡nZz Dbœqb `‡ji (development team) AskMÖnY‡K we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| mnvqK (jwRw÷K, A_©‰bwZK

BZ¨vw`) `‡ji AskMÖnY‡KI (supporting team) we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e †h‡nZz Zv‡ì evRv‡ii Dci m¤¢ve¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz Z_¨, cwiPq Ges Ávb Av‡Q|

e· 6 "`¶ Rbkw³i c Ö‡qvRbxqZv" mwVK evRvi `j wbe©vPb AvBAviwm Gi BGgGgG ev Íevq‡bi †¶‡Î, evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi djvd‡j mg~n‡K cÖKvk Kivi gvÎv wba©vi‡Yi †¶‡Î `¶Zv GKwU cÖavb Dcv`vb wQ‡jv| `‡ji m`m¨MY‡K Aek¨B `¶ Ges AwfÁ n‡Z n‡e wKš‘ `jwU ïaygvÎ KvwiMwi we‡kl‡Ái mgš‡q MwVZ n‡j Pj‡e bv| ‡h‡nZz mgMÖ c×wZ‡Z wewfbœ w`‡K `¶ e¨vw³‡ì eënvi Kiv n‡q‡Q ZvB evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì `vwqZ¡ Ges KZ©‡eï wfbœZv _vK‡Z cv‡i| Dciš‘, cÖwµqvi gv‡S wewfbœ ai‡Yi `vwq‡Z¡i mgš‡qi d‡j m`‡mï wcwmGgG

43 | c„ôv

Gi djvdj m¤c‡K© aviYvi we Í…wZ N‡U| gvbweK mvnv‡hï Kvh©µ‡gi cwiKíbv, Aby‡gv`b Ges ev Íevqb wewfbœ ai‡Yi Kg©x †hgb-KvwiMwi we‡klÁ (), eë ’vcK, wm×všÍ MÖnxZv, jwRw÷wmqvb, dvBbvÝ ÷vd, cÖkvmwbK Kg©x Ggb m`m¨‡ì hy³ K‡i| GB `vwqZ¡¸‡jv Øviv m‡PZbZv e„w× Ges evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi djvdj eySvi gva¨‡g wcwmGgG eënv‡ii d‡j mycvwim mg~‡ni MÖnY‡hvM¨Zvi m¤¢ve¨Zv ev‡o| Ges g‡b ivL‡Z n‡et Ae‡k‡l †h †Kvb g~j¨vq‡bi cÖwµqvi gZ wcwmGgG I gvbyl hZ eënvi Ki‡e ZZ fv‡jv dj w`‡e|

6.2 wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wba©viY

• wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ mgqmxgv Ges GKwU Lmiv welqm~Px cÖ ‘Z Ki‡Z n‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, mnvwqKvi D‡Ïk¨, my‡hvM Ges `j MV‡bi Dci wewfbœ cÖKvi mnvwqKv eënv‡ii e¨vwß Ges ev Íe Li‡Pi cv_©K¨ e¨cKfv‡e wbf©i K‡i| welq e ‘i Dci wfwË K‡i Zv GK ev `yBRb AwfÁ gvbyl Øviv `yB †_‡K wZb w`‡bi g‡a¨B AR©b Kiv hvq| D`vnviY ¯iƒc, A·dvg 2012 mv‡j B‡q‡g‡b Riæix Ae ’vq mvovcÖ`v‡bi †¶‡Î cY¨`ªe¨ Ges bM` A_© cÖ`v‡bi gv‡S AwaK djcÖm~ gva¨gwU wbe©vPb Ki‡Z GKwU evRvi we‡k ølY ev Íevqb K‡i‡Q hv yB Rb gvbyl `yB w`‡bi gv‡S m¤cbœ K‡i‡Q| wKš‘ ev ÍweK A‡_© evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ Gi †_‡KI †ekx mgq c Ö‡qvRb nq, wKQz wKQz †¶‡Î `‡ji m`m¨‡ì mv‡_ cÖv_wgK Kg©kvjv, gvV †_‡K WvUv msMÖn Ges WvUv A¨vbvjvBwmm Gi d‡jv-Avc IqvK©kc Ges wi‡cvU© wjLvi Rb¨ `yB †_‡K wZb mßvn †j‡M hvq| gvbe m¤c` QvovI wcwmGgG evevq‡bi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbe©vPb Ges we‡k ølY‡K mdj Ki‡Z eë ’vcK‡ì †_‡K wK wK DcKiY cvIqv hv‡e Zv wbiƒcY Kiv| Ae ’v, we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ evRvi eë ’vi msL¨v,


‡fŠ‡MvwjK Ae ’v BZ¨vwì Dci wfwË K‡i GK GKwU wcwmGgG 5000 †_‡K 20000 BDGm Wjvi jv‡M| ewnivMZ civgk© cÖ`vbKvix (external consultant) Øviv 11 w`‡bi we‡k ølY Ki‡Z M‡o 15000 BDGm Wjvi jv‡M|

• wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU wek` ev‡RU wba©viY| G‡b· G cÖ`Ë wcwmGgG Gi ev‡R‡Ui GKwU bgybv †`qv nj hv cÖv_wgK ch ©v‡q eënvi Kiv hvq| ev‡R‡U wb¤œy³ welq mg~n we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e

we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZv Ges m`m¨‡ì LiP Kbdv‡iÝ iæ‡gi fvov Ges bv Ív wfmv, AvšÍR©vwZK wegvb fvov Ges _vKvi RvqMv gv‡Vi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ Rvb-evnb, cÖwZ evRvi `‡ji Rb¨ Kgc‡¶ GKwU AvÂwjK wegvb fvov GjvKvi gvbwPÎ wcÖw›Us Ges †hvMv‡hv‡Mi LiP

hw` AskMÖnYKvix cÖwZôvb hvbevnb, _vKvi eë ’v, Kbdv‡iÝ iæg BZ¨vwì Rb¨ wb‡RB Ae`vb ivL‡Z cv‡i Z‡e LiP h‡_ó K‡g hv‡e|

• wbivcËv mn Dc‡i DwjøwLZwelq mg~‡ni ms ’vb, jwRw÷K Ges cÖvwZôvwbK Ae ’v wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

e· 7 wbivcËv Ges evRvi we‡k ølY evRvi we‡køl‡Yi mgq wbivcËvi †Kvb wbw`©ó mgm¨v †bB; g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, †h cÖkœ¸‡jv Kiv n‡e Zv KZ©…c¶, eëmvqx A_ev Ab¨vb¨ cÖvB‡fU †m±‡ii G±‡ii gv‡S m‡›`‡ni m „wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|

44 | c„ôv

wbqwgZ msMwVZ nq Ggb `y‡h©v‡Mi †¶‡Î, wewfbœ †÷K‡nvìviMY gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’v‡K gvby‡li cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v, Av‡qi Drm Ges Lvevi BZ¨vw` m¤c‡K© Z_¨ cÖ`vb K‡i, wKš‘ Zviv cÖwZôv‡bi Rb¨ eëmv‡qi AvKvi, evRv‡ii G±i BZ¨vw` m¤c‡K© Z_¨ Kg †`q| Dciš‘, evRvi eë ’v mg~n "Kv‡qgx ¯v_©" Øviv cwic~Y© Ges wKQz †¶‡Î, †hLv‡b evRvi we‡k ølY wKQz wbw`©ó `j/MÖæc (hviv evRv‡i KvR K‡i) Gi ¯v_© ev myweav D‡b¥vPb K‡i †mLv‡b GB G±i mg~n we‡kølY Ges/A_ev we‡kølK Øviv ¶wZMª Í nq| D`vnviY ¯iƒc, hLb g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi Pµvš— D‡b¥vwPZ nq ZLb GKwU Aw ’wZkxj Ae ’vi m „wó nq| cÖ ‘wZ MÖnY Ges WvUv msMÖ‡ni mgq GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h wbivcËvi Ae ’v Ges wbivcËv Kg©x‡ì GK‡Î mgšq Kiv n‡q‡Q|

6.3 wUIAvi P‚ovšÍKiY Ges cÖPvi Kiv

• Dc‡ii welq¸‡jvi Dci wfwË K‡i wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ wUIAvi P‚ovšÍ Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡b· G cÖ`Ë wcwmGgG Gi wUIAvi Gi bgybv cÖ_g †_‡KB eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| wUIAvi G wb¤œy³ welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡et

Ae ’v, D‡Ïk¨ Ges we‡k ølY Øviv m¤¢ve¨ g~j we‡kølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi


we‡køl‡Yi my‡hvM Ges MfxiZv Abygvb Kiv

j MVb Ges `vwq‡Z¡i my¯có e›Ub (we‡kl K‡i we‡k ølY `‡ji `j‡bZv Ges evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZvi †¶‡Î)

mgqmxgv wba©viY Ges Lmov welqe ‘ wba©viY (we‡k ølY `‡ji `j‡bZv Øviv wbe©vP‡bi c‡i cybwe©‡ePbv Kiv)

wUIAvi Gi welqe ‘ Ges ev‡R‡Ui wek` welq eë ’vcK‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv Ges Zv‡ì Aby‡gv`b †bqv

mdj we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q êwPZ ©gq `‡ji m`m¨‡ì wbhy³ Kiv Ges wcwmGgG Gi djvdj I mycvwik mg~n cÖKvk Kiv| wKš‘ mswk øó mKj e¨vw³‡K `‡j hy³ Kiv Kvh©Ki n‡e bv| ïiæ †_‡KB DrK …ó evwn¨K †hvMv‡hvM wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mdjZvi Rb¨ g~j welq| m‡PZbZv e „w× Ges AskMÖn‡Yi êwPZ ©Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z wUIAvi e¨cK AvKv‡i mevi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv (share) Ki‡Z n‡e|

KZ mgq jvM‡e?

cwiKíbvi avcwU evRvi `‡ji cÖavb dvBbvÝ Ges jwRw÷K `‡ji mnvqZvq Lye `ªyZ, yB †_‡K wZb N›Uvi gv‡S

m¤cbœ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZv‡K wb‡qvM Ki‡Z †h mgq jvM‡e Zv we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e, we‡kl K‡i

hw` GB c`wU AvIU‡mviwms Kiv nq| mwVK ewnivMZ civgk© cÖ`vbKvix (external consultant) wb‡qvM Ki‡Z

Kgc‡¶ `yB mßvn mgq jvM‡e Ges Av‡iv `yB †_‡K wZb mßvn jvM‡e Zvi KvR Ki‡Z| evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZv Ges

m`m¨‡ì wbe©vPb Ki‡Z †h mgq jvM‡e Zv I we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| myZivs, GKwU fv‡jv wcwmGgG Gi c~e©

cwiKíbv Ki‡Z wØav Kiv DwPZ bq|

45 | c„ôv

Aa¨vq yB 7. Ae¯’vi wPÎvqb Ges we`¨gvb Z_¨ msMÖn/ R‡ov Kiv

Aa¨vq 2t wcwmGgG ev Íevqb GB Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

• evRvi `j wcwmGgG eënv‡ii D‡Ïk¨ Ges Abymi‡Yi c×wZ m¤c‡K© Rvb‡e • evRvi `j P‚ovšÍ Rviæix Ae ’v, Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi (cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡j), g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ Ges P ‚ovšÍ Uv‡M©U Mªyc

m¤c‡K© Rvb‡e • evRvi `j cÖkœvejx (questionnaire), we‡kølY c×wZ Ges gvV †_‡K WvUv msMÖ‡ni (data collection)

cwiKíbv wVK Ki‡e| • evRvi `j gvV †_‡K WvUv msMÖn Ges †iKW© Ki‡e • evRvi `j †gŠmy‡g wbqwgZ †idv‡iÝ Ae ’vq evRv‡ii wPÎ (reference market map) Ges Riæix Ae ’vq evRv‡ii

wPÎ P‚ovšÍ Ki‡e (cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡j) • evRvi `j Riæix Ae ’vq Afxó RbM‡Yi/myweav‡fvMx RbMY‡K cY¨ ev †mev cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †gvU NvUwZ ev M¨vc

(`y‡h©vM msMV‡bi mgq) Gi P‚ovšÍ wnmve Ki‡e • evRvi `j Afxó RbMY/myweav‡fvMx RbMY evRvi eë ’v ev evRvi ’v‡b we`¨gvb A_ev m¤¢ve¨ `¶Zvi NvUwZi

we‡kølY Ges wnmve Ki‡e • evRvi `j g~j we‡k ølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi w`‡e

7. Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Ges we`¨gvb Z_¨ msMÖn/ R‡ov Kiv


we`¨gvb Avbymvw½K Z_¨ ch©v‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g we‡kølY ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e, Ges GB av‡cB gvV †_‡K cÖv_wgK WvUv msMÖn Kiv DwPr bq| GB av‡c wbe©vwPZ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi, RxweKvi Ae ’v Ges Uv‡M©U MÖæ‡ci Dci mvgwMÖK evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZvi we`¨gvb Z_¨ wba©viY Kiv hvq| GB av‡ci D‡Ïk¨, we`¨gvb Z‡_ï Dci wbf©i Kiv, mgq Ges DcKiY evPv‡bv, Ges wcwmGgG Gi d‡j AwZwi³ g~j¨ ms‡hvR‡bi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ Kiv|

46 | c„ôv

GB cÖ_g avcwU evRv‡ii †hvMvb (mieivn, e›Ub, Avw_©K cÖevn) Ges Pvwn`vi (‡fv³vi Pvwn`v, evRv‡i AskMÖn‡Yi `¶Zv Ges µq ¶gZv) Dci GKwU mvgwMÖK aviYv w`‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi †cÖ¶vc‡U, g~j¨vq‡bi GB c×wZwU bxwZ wba©vi‡Yi ch©v‡q c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î cwiKíbv Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| Gi d‡j wewfbœ evRvi eë ’v nq kw³kvjx nq (`y‡h©vM c~e©eZ©x Ae ’vq) A_ev evRvi eë ’vi cybM©Vb (`y‡h©vM cieZ©x mg‡q) N‡U|


• evRvi `‡jb cÖavb e¨vw³/`j‡bZv evRv‡ii mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZv, wbe©vwPZ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v Ges RxweKvi Z_¨ mn Uv‡M©U MÖæc m¤c‡K© we`¨gvb Z_¨ Rv‡bb|

•


• evRvi `‡jb cÖavb e¨vw³/`j‡bZv cÖwZwU evRvi eë ’vq Abycw ’Z wewfbœ Z_¨ Ges we‡k ølY wba©viY K‡ib hv g~j

we‡kølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi †`q|


7.1 evRv‡ii mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZvi Dci we`¨gvb Z‡_ï †W¯‹ wiwfI

• evRvi eë ’v mg~n ci¯ci m¤cK©hy³t Giv mvaviYZ GKB wbqg bxwZ Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq Ges wewfbœ evRvi eë ’v

GKB †mev cÖ`vb K‡i| cÖ_g †_‡KB Av‡iv wbLyuZfv‡e evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Rb¨ mgMÖ evRv‡ii A_©bxwZ eyS‡Z GB

avcwU LyeB cÖvmw½K|

• GB av‡c, †W¯‹ wiwfI Gi Rb¨ †Kvb wbw`©ó cY¨ ev †mevi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv, wKš‘ evRvi A_©bxwZi mgMÖ Kvh©KvwiZvi

Dci bRi †`qv hvq (cwi‡ek, wbqg-bxwZ Ges AeKvVv‡gv) Ges wbæy³ welq mg~n wba©vi‡Yi w`‡K g‡bv‡hvM w`‡Z

n‡et

†Kvb wbqgbxwZ/cÖwZôvb/ Av`k© wewfbœ evRvi eë ’v‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i, wba©vwiZ/Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡M Zviv KZUv Amnvq,

Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi c~‡e© Zviv wKfv‡e wb‡R‡ì mej Ki‡e;

†Kvb mvaviY AeKvVv‡gv wewfbœ †m±i Ges evRvi‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i, wba©vwiZ/Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡M Zviv KZUv Amnvq,

Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi c~‡e© Zviv wKfv‡e wb‡R‡ì mej Ki‡e;

evRv‡ii †Kvb mvavib †mev (‡hgb- Avw_©K †mev, G·‡Ubkb †mev) we`¨gvb Ges GB evRvi mg~‡ni `y‡h©vM c~e©

g~j¨vqb †cÖvMÖvg A_ev wbwZ wba©viK‡ì w`K wb‡`©kbv †`q| hv wewfbœ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vi mvgwMÖK KvR‡K

mej Ki‡Z A_ev ªæZ cybiæ×vi Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i|

wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi m¤¢ve¨ mKj Z‡_ï Drm GKB n‡Z n‡e (‡mKkb 7.2 wbw©`ó evRvi eë ’vi we`¨gvb Z‡_ï ‡W¯‹

wiwfI `ªóe¨)

GB †W¯‹ wiwfI Gi GB As‡ki djvd‡ji wfwË‡Z, mvgwMÖK evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb‡K m¤úbœ Ki‡Z wewfbœ

†÷K‡nvìvi‡ì wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e| GB †÷K‡nvìviMY mgMÖ evRvi A_©bxwZ m¤c‡K© GKwU mgMÖ aviYv w`‡e Ges

wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z mKj ai‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨ wb‡`©k Ki‡e| GB †÷K‡nvìviMY n‡et

†P¤vi Ae Kgvm© Gi cÖwZwbwa;

evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, e y‡iv Ae †÷wUw÷· Gi cÖwZwbwa, U¨v· MÖnxZv, †fv³vMY;

†UªW BDwbq‡bi m`m¨;

47 | c„ôv

Avw_©K †mev cÖ`vbKvix cÖwZôv‡bi eë ’vcK, gvwb †PÄvi;

cwieneKvix cÖwZôvb;

†`‡ki cÖavb Avg`vwbKviK

mieivnKvix ms ’vi m`m¨MY • GB †¶‡Î wK ai‡Yi cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡it


evRvi A_©bxwZi Kvh©KvwiZvi Rb¨ bxwZMZ cwi‡ek mnvqK wKbv? hw` bv nq, Gi "cÖwZeÜKZv" wK Ges evRvi

A_©bxwZ‡K DbœZ Ki‡Z KZ `ªæZ GB cÖwZeÜKZv ~i Kiv hvq| `y‡h©vM NUvi d‡j GB bxwZMZ cwi‡e‡ki m¤ ¢ve¨ wK

cwieZ©b NU‡e?

†fŠZ cwi‡ek Ges AeKvVv‡gv (‡÷v‡iR, e›ìmg~n, iv¯—vNvU BZ¨vw`) Gi Dci y‡h©vM wK cÖfve †d‡j? Ges †fŠZ

c‡Yï Dci GB mKj mieivnKvix‡ì cÖfve wK? gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi Kg©xe„›` Ges eëmvqx Df‡qi Kv‡Ri

myweavi Rb¨ evRvi Ae ’vi `ªæZ Dbœq‡b wK Kiv DwPr? `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZi cwigvY Kgv‡Z c~‡e©B wK KiYxq?

y‡h©v‡M evRv‡ii cybiæ×v‡i Kviv m¤¢ve¨ mn‡hvMx/Ask cÖ`vbKvix (we‡klZ cÖvB‡fU †m±i)?

hw` y‡h©vM AvNvZ K‡i Z‡e eëmvqx‡ì evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZvq cybivq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z Ab¨vb¨ wK wK †mev (‡hgb

Avw_©K cÖwµqv, †fv³vMY) we`¨gvb Av‡Q?

• hw` g~j we‡k ølYag©x cÖkœ hw` ïaygvÎ evRvi A_©bxwZi mgMÖ Kvh©KvwiZvi mv‡_ mswkøó nq Z‡e GB avcwU‡ZB evRvi

g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e Ges GB avc †_‡KB we‡kølY ïiæ Kiv hvq (Aavq 3t wcwmGgG Gi eënvi `ªóe¨)

• evRv‡ii mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZvi g~j¨vq‡bi djvdj‡K GKwU wbw`©ó iƒc `vb Kiv Ges †mKkb 5 Gi cÖvmw½K

wcwmGgG Gi wi‡cvU© m¤cbœ Kiv| mKj Z_¨ bvMv‡ji gv‡S ivLv Ges evRv‡ii wPÎvq‡bi Dc‡ii Ask Ges wb‡Pi

Ask c~i‡Y Zv eënvi Kiv|

• me †k‡l, mgMÖ Ae ’v we‡k ølY Ges we‡køl‡Yi Uz‡ji (‡hgb- gvwë K¬v÷vi/‡m±ivj Bwbwkqvj †iwcW Av‡mm‡g›U,

A_ev GgAvBAviG) mv‡_ evRvi we‡k ølY‡K mgšq Kivi mycvwik Kiv nq †hb Ab¨vb¨ g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g Z_¨ msMÖn,

Ges, Riæixfv‡e †h †Kvb †m±‡ii `j Av_ev mgšqKvix Øviv mKj we‡kølY m¤cbœ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU "gv‡K©U †jÝ"

Gi cÖeZ©b Kiv nq|

7.2 wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi we`¨gvb Z‡_ï †W¯‹ wiwfI

• wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K †m‡KÛvix WvUvi we‡k ølY msw¶ß KiY| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h evRv‡ii mgMÖ

Kvh©KvwiZvi Ges wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi †W¯‹ wiwfI Gi Rb¨ KvjvbyµwgK fv‡e mvRv‡bv c Ö‡qvRb nq bv Ges ¯vfvweK

fv‡e Giv mgvšÍiv‡j N‡U|

• cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨:

evRv‡ii Kg©`¶Zvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨/we‡k ølYt evRvi mgšq (market integration), `ªe¨ g~‡jï cÖK …wZ

(price behaviour), ¶gZvi m¤cK© (power relations), evwYR¨ cÖevn (trade flows)

48 | c„ôv

evRv‡ii G±i Ges Zv‡ì Kv‡Ri MVbZš¿;


mnvqK KvR A_ev AeKvVv‡gv m¤c‡K© Z_¨ (‡hgb Avw_©K †mev, cwienb †mev, †÷v‡iR, evRvi ’vb BZ¨vw`) hv

evRvi eë ’v‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z cÖfvweZ/ mnvqZv K‡i

evRv‡ii cwi‡ek m¤c‡K© Z_¨t mKj ai‡Yi evwn¨K cÖfveK †hgb cÖwZôvb, bxwZ, AvBb, wbqg Ges wewfbœ cÖeYZv

hv evRvi eë ’v‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i, Gi mv‡_ wb¤œy³ welq¸‡jv hy³ _v‡Kt

• we‡k¦i A_©‰bwZK Ae ’v, †hgb we‡k¦ ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZ Ges A_©bxwZi wewbgq nvi hv RvZxq ch©v‡q `ªe¨g~j¨‡K

cÖfvweZ K‡i| GB ¸‡jv Avg`vwb wbf©i †`‡ki Rb¨ AwZ Riæix|

• miKv‡ii wbqg, †hgb fZ©zwK Ges Avg`vwb/ißvwbi wbqg, Ges wbw`©ó wKQz c‡Yï g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi †¶‡Î miKv‡ii

c`‡¶c, jvB‡mÝ, †U· Ges evwY‡R¨ cÖwZeÜKZv mn me wKQz hv ªe¨g~j¨ Ges Riæix Ae ’vq cY¨ Ges †mevi

cÖvc¨Zv‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i|

• cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ hy³ K…wl cwi‡ekMZ Ges nvB‡WªvjwRK¨vj Ae ’v hv mviv eQ‡i cY¨ Ges †mevi cÖvc¨Zv, mieivn

Ges Pvwn`v‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i|

• mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK welqmg~n †hgb †Rvic~e©K mvs¯‹…wZK wbqg wbwZ, †RÛv‡ii wewfbœ `vwqZ¡ Ges KZ©e¨,

RvwZfzw³ Ges Av_©-mvgvwRK Ae ’v hv Amnvq/¶wZMÖ Í `‡ji ¶gZv Ges evRv‡i AskMÖnY BZ¨vw`‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i|

AZx‡Zi `y‡h©v‡M evRv‡ii G±i‡ì cÖwZwµqv m¤c‡K© Z_¨/we‡kølY, Riæix Ae ’vi †Kvb evRvi eë ’v

Aby‡gq/cÖZ¨vwkZ `y‡h©v‡M Ges y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ RbM‡Yi Dci me‡P‡q †ekx cÖwZwµqv cÖ`vb K‡i| G‡¶‡Î c~‡e©

msMwVZ y‡h©v‡Mi AwfÁZv †_‡K cÖvß Z_¨ eënvi Kiv hvq †hLv‡b evRv‡ii G±‡ii †bwZevPK AvPiY cÖKvk

†c‡q‡Q, †hgb `ªe¨ g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZ A_ev cwi‡levi msw¶ßKiY, Ges Zv‡ì AvPiY cwieZ©‡bi cÖfveK Lyu‡R †ei

Kiv Ges cybivq NUZ‡Z cv‡i m¤¢ve¨ Ggb NUbv|

• Dc‡i DwjøwLZZ_¨ mg~n cÖvwßi m¤¢ve¨ Drmt

cÖwZôv‡bi wi‡cvU©, Dbœqb Kvh©µg Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢ve¨ cwiKíbv

evRvi Ges Rxwe‡Ki †eBRjvB‡bi Z‡_ï mv‡_ mv‡_ c~‡e©i Pvwn`v gyj¨vqb (‡hgb nvDR‡nvì B‡Kvbwg Av‡cÖvP, Lv`¨ wbivcËv Ges RxweKvi g~j¨vqb, BZ¨vw`)

ªæZ mZK©Zv eë ’v (GdBWweøIGmGbBwU), evRvi ch©‡e¶Y eë ’v (‡hgbt fvjbvwiwewjwU A¨vbvjvBwmm GÛ g¨vwcs Gi WvUv‡eR) Ges wi‡cvU©;

M‡elYvi wi‡cvU©

mgšq wgwUs Gi wi‡cvU©

cÖvmw½K Ab¨vb¨ I‡qemvBU

49 | c„ôv


• ‡W¯‹ wiwfI Gi Z_¨ mg~n cÖvwßi m¤¢ve¨ Drmt

wb‡Ri cÖwZôvb (mieiv‡ni Ges A_©bxwZ wefv‡Mi ¯vfvweKfv‡e evRvi m¤c‡K© fv‡jv Ávb _v‡K Ges wb‡R‡ì cÖ‡qvR‡b evRvi m¤cwK©Z Z_¨ msMÖn K‡i)

AvÂwjK, †Rjv ch©v‡q Ges †K›`ªxq ch©v‡q miKvix Awdm mg~n| Ae ’vi Dci wfwË K‡i GB miKvix Awdm n‡Z cv‡i e y‡iv Ae ÷¨vwUw÷·, evwYR¨ gš¿Yvjq, †P¤vi Ae Kgvm© A_ev cÖvmw½K Ab¨b¨ gš¿Yvjq|

AÎ GjvKvq Kg©iZ Ab¨vb¨ ms ’v (Lv`¨ wbivcËv Ges RxweKvi Dci Kg©iZ `j A_ev K¨vk K¬v÷vi, WweIGdwc Gi fvjbvwiwewjwU A¨vbvjvBwmm Ges g¨vwcs BDwbU, BZ¨vw`)

eënv‡ii Rb¨ †m‡KÛvwi WvUv wiwfI Ki‡Z G‡b· G wewfbœ DcKvwi I‡qemvB‡Ui wj÷ †`qv nj

• †m‡KÛvwi WvUvi gvb wbwðZ Ki‡Z G‡K h_v m¤¢e UªvB•¸‡jU Kiv DwPr

• GKwU †Uwe‡j †m‡KÛvwi WvUvi mvims‡¶‡ci †¶‡Î Z‡_ï Drm D‡j øL Ki‡Z n‡e| cvwK Ív‡b AvBAviwm Øviv

wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi "mgq †m‡KÛvwi WvUv †Uwej" eënv‡ii GKwU †Ug‡cøU †`Lv‡bv nj| Abyiƒcfv‡e, c „ôv 29

Gi "R‡q›U G‡mm‡g›U wgkb Bbdi‡gkb g¨vwUª·" Øviv cÖvß djvdj cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ m¤¢ve¨ Av‡iv GKwU †Ug‡c øU

†`Lv‡bv nj|

50 | c„ôv


KZ mgq jvM‡e?

evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb e¨vw³i gva¨‡g jwRw÷K Ges dvBbvÝ `‡ji mnvqZvq yB w`‡bi Kv‡R GB avcwU m¤cbœ n‡Z

cv‡i wKš‘ Gi cwiKíbv Ki‡Z `xN© mgq †j‡M †h‡Z cv‡i|Abyiƒcfv‡e, †m‡KÛvwi WvUv wiwfI wewfbœ evRvi `‡ji

cÖav‡bi gv‡S fvM K‡i †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| mgMÖ evRvi `‡ji mv‡_ evRvi g~j¨vqb ïiæi c~‡e©B GB avcwU m¤cbœ

Ki‡Z n‡e|

Qwe: GKRb Bw_Dwcqvb gwnjv GKwU †QvU †`vKvb Pvjv‡”Qb| gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms¯’vi wewfbœ c`‡¶c Gi cwiKíbvi Dci wfwË K‡i GB

†`vKv‡bi Kvh©µg‡K ¶wZMÖ Í Ki‡Z cv‡i Avevi DcKvi I Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Aa¨vq yB 8. y‡h©vMc~e© Ae¯’vi Riæix evRvi e¨e¯’v wba©viY

51 | c„ôv

8. y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vi Riæix evRvi eë ’v wba©viY


GB avc, mgMÖ evRvi `‡ji mv‡_ wcwmGgG Gi †UªBwbs I Kg©kvjv‡K Ges gv‡Vi KvR‡K Kfvi K‡i| GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, mgMÖ wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi mgqKv‡j GB GKB `j Kvh©Ki _vK‡e| `‡ji m`m¨‡ì Rvbv‡Z n‡e †h, GwU GKwU `xN© Kg© mg‡qi (long working hours) c~Y©Kvjxb KvR n‡e| c~e©eZ©x avc Ges Kg©kvjv Ges/A_ev gv‡Vi KvR ïiæ Kivi gv‡S wKQzUv mgq e¨q n‡q hvq| GB avcwU m¤cbœ Kivi mgq we`¨gvb wewfbœ evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Uz‡ji mnvqZv wb‡Z n‡e hv †mKkb 5t we‡køl‡Y eënvi Kivi Rb¨ wewfbœ evRvi we‡kølY Uzj wbe ©vPb G wb‡`©wkZ|


• evRvi `j cÖkœgvjv, we‡k ølY c×wZ Ges WvUv msMÖ‡ni cwiKíbv m¤cbœ Ki‡e

• evRvi `j gvV †_‡K WvUv msMÖn Ges msi¶Y Ki‡e

• evRvi `j †gŠmy‡g wbqwgZ †idv‡iÝ evRv‡ii wPÎ Ges Riæix Ae ’vq evRv‡ii wPÎ P‚ovšÍ Ki‡e (cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡j) • evRvi `j Riæix Ae ’vq Afxó RbM‡Yi/myweav‡fvMx RbMY‡K cY¨ ev †mev cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ †gvU NvUwZ ev M¨vc

(`y‡h©vM msMV‡bi mgq) Gi P‚ovšÍ wnmve Ki‡e • evRvi `j Afxó RbMY/myweav‡fvMx RbMY evRvi eë ’v ev evRvi ’v‡b we`¨gvb A_ev m¤¢ve¨ `¶Zvi NvUwZi

we‡kølY Ges wnmve Ki‡e • evRvi `j g~j we‡k ølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi w`‡e


8.1 mgMÖ evRvi `‡ji cÖwk¶Y cÖ`vb Ges Zv‡ì we‡kølY‡K GKwU KvVv‡gv cÖ`vb

• Kg©kvjvi cÖ_g `yB w`‡bi gv‡S mgMÖ g~j¨vqb `‡ji mv‡_ wb¤œ y³ cÖv_wgK KvR mg~n Dc ’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ Ges g~j we‡k ølYag©x cÖkœ `y‡h©v‡Mi wPÎvqb Ges we‡k øl‡Yi mgqKvj we‡køl‡Yi my‡hvM Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi we‡k ølY wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡b eëüZ evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Uzj

• wcwmGgG Gi cybive„Ë êwk‡óï Kvi‡Yi Kg©kvjvi c~‡e© wba©vwiZ cÖv_wgK KvR¸‡jv‡Z evRvi `j‡K hy³ Ki‡Z Ges Zv‡ì cÖ‡qvRbgZ mgšq Ki‡Z w`‡Z †Kvb iKg wØav Kiv hv‡e bv|

• GB `yB w`‡bi gv‡S ewnivMZ mKj †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Avgš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e hviv g~j¨vq‡bi myweav mg~n‡K P‚ovšÍ Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| GB †÷K‡nvìviMY n‡Z cv‡i K¬v÷vi `‡ji m`m¨, cÖvmw½K gš¿Yvjq, †P¤vi Ae Kgvm© Gi cÖwZwbwa, `vZv ms ’vi cÖwZwbwa, BZ¨vw`| GB †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì wbe©vPb Lye Ae ’v wbf©i Ges wcwmGgG Gi djvdj eënv‡ii cÖKv‡ii Dci wbf©i Ki‡e|

Aa¨vq yB 8. y‡h©vMc~e© Ae¯’vi Riæix evRvi eë ’v wba©viY

e· 8 AskMÖnYg~jK eënvi wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwik mg~n AewnZKiY wbwðZ K‡i wcwmGgG Gi j¶¨ wba©viY Ki‡Z ewnivMZ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì RwoZ Kivi gva¨‡g m‡PZbZv e„w× Ges wcwmGgG

52 | c„ôv

Gi c×wZ Abyaveb Kivi GKwU m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q, hv P‚ovš— djvdj eënvi Kivi gva¨‡g AwaK m¤¢ve¨Zvq cwiYZ Ki‡e| Dciš‘, ewnivMZ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì RwoZ Kivi gva¨‡g we‡køl‡Yi †¶Î Ges Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v wbe©vPb Kivi c×wZ‡K Av‡iv kw³kvjx Ki‡e| e„nËi RbM‡Yi gZvg‡Zi wfwË‡Z, evRvi `‡ji m`m¨M‡Yi ’vbxq A_©bxwZ Ges Afxó RbMY/myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi Rb¨ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v m¤c‡K© Av‡iv fv‡jvfv‡e eyS‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| wcwmGgG Gi †¶‡Îi cÖvmw½KZv e„w× Kivi gva¨‡g wcwmGgG Gi mycvwik mg~n‡K DbœZ fv‡e cÖKvk Ki‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L| (AvBAviwm Gi ÷vwW †_‡K)

• cÖ‡qvR‡b, we‡køl‡Yi KvVv‡gv wbw`©ó K‡i Ggb WKz‡g›U Gi nvjbvMv` KiY, A_ev evRv‡ii wi‡cv‡U© DwjøwLZ PzovšÍ wm×všÍ Gi wbw`©ó iƒc `vb Kiv|

• evRvi we‡kølY A_ev mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K (‡hgb wcwmGgG Gi djvdj eënv‡ii Dcvq gb¯’ Kiv) wKQz evowZ †Uªwbs gwWDj cÖ`vb Ki‡Z wKQz AwZwi³ mgq e¨q Ki‡Z n‡e| GB gwWDj mg~n K¨vk UªvÝdvi †cÖvMÖvg, †RÛvi, ¯v¶vZKvi †bqvi c×wZ, we‡k øl‡Yi `¶Zv, mg‡qi eë ’vcbv BZ¨vwì Dci wfwË K‡i c Ö ‘Z Kiv hvq| GUv ev Íe m¤§Z nIqv Riæix, hwÌ GB ¯í mg‡qi gv‡S Lye †ewk wKQz wb‡q fvevi †Póv Kiv wVK bq| g~j¨vq‡bi †¶‡Îi wiwfI, Ges evRvi g~j¨vqb Ges we‡k ølY ¸iæ‡Z¡i w`K w`‡q cÖ_g w`‡K _vK‡Z n‡e|

ev Í‡e eëüZ wKQz †Uªwbs gwWD‡ji D`vnviY

• evsjv‡`‡k A·dvg Øviv eëüZ

• †mvgvwjqvq AvBAviwm Øviv eëüZ

8.2 wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi Gi wPÎvqb

• GB av‡ci AvMÖfv‡M wewfbœ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vi Z_¨ wb‡Z evRvi `j‡K fvM K‡i †`qv|

• wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwU Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi Gi wPÎvqb Ki‡Z n‡e| wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi c Ö ‘Z Ki‡Z c„ôv 22 G "BGgGgG UzjwKU" `ªóe¨|

• †mKkb 3.3t †idv‡iÝ eQi, `y‡h©v‡Mi eQi Ges we‡kølY Kivi mgq wba©viY G wb‡`©wkZ we‡k øl‡Yi mg‡qi mv‡_ wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi Gi mgšq Kiv| wKQz evRvi eë ’vi Lye kw³kvjx wmRbvj f¨vwi‡qkb _v‡K, Ges mviv eQi e¨vcx wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’vi mwVK wPÎvqb Ki‡Z eQ‡ii wKQz mg‡q me‡P‡q †ewk Ges me‡P‡q Kg Kvh©µ‡gi Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv Lye ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| g~j we‡kølYag©x c Ö‡kœi wfwË‡Z, wewfb œ mg‡qi Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡et †hgb cÖZ¨vwkZ/Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi m¤¢vebvi mgq; hLb evRv‡ii AwaKvsk KvR msMwVZ nq; Ges hLb evRv‡ii KvR me‡P‡q Kg msMwVZ nq|


ev Íe D`vnviYt wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi

Bw_Dwcqvq A·dvg, †mf `¨v wP‡ìªb Ges KÝv©b Øviv ev ÍevwqZ "wcwmGgG Gi †hŠ_ ev Íevqb" (c„ôv 14)

53 | c„ôv

8.3 evRv‡ii cÖavb G±i‡ì wPwýZ KiY - gv‡K©U †PBb

• evRv‡ii G±i ZvivB hviv cY¨ ev †mevi µq, weµq Ges wewbg‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ _v‡K, hv‡ì evRvi †K cÖfvweZ Kivi ¶gZv _v‡K, A_ev evRv‡i cÖavb †mev hviv cÖ`vb K‡i| evRv‡ii G±iMY mvaviYZ Drcv`K, eëmvqx, cwienbKvix, †fv³v, miKvix gš¿Yvjq, †UªW BDwbqb, Ges †mB me cwievi hviv cY¨ ev †mev µq Ki‡Q| gv‡Vi WvUv msMÖ‡ni mgq Kg©iZ `‡ji m`m¨ GB G±i‡ì ¯v¶vZKvi wb‡e|

• evRv‡ii cÖavb G±i‡ì wPwýZ Kivi mgq †RÛv‡ii e¨v‡jÝ m¤c‡K© m‡PZb _vK‡Z n‡e| wba©vwiZ evRvi eë ’vq bvix Ges cyiæ‡li wfbœ wfbœ `vwqZ¡, KZ©e¨ Ges ¶gZv _v‡K| †hLv‡b †RÛv‡ii cv_©K¨ Lye k³ fv‡e we`¨gvb †mLv‡b evRvi `j‡K GKK fv‡e †h †Kvb G±i‡K wPwýZ Kivi †¶‡Î mZK©Zv Aej¤b Ki‡Z n‡e| bvix Ges cyiæ‡li gv‡S cv_©K¨ Kiv G‡¶‡Î Riæix, Zv bvn‡j Zv‡ì Dci Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve Ges Zv‡ì Pvwn`v I mnvqZvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv mwVK fv‡e Abyaveb Kiv hv‡e bv|

• BGgGgG (EMMA) UzjwKU, AviGGg (RAM) UzjwKU, A·dv‡gi 48 AvIqvi (48 hour) Gi Uzj A_ev

WweøIGdwc Gi eëmvqx Rixc (WFP trader survey) Gi wb‡`©kbvq evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Uzj wbe©vP‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i ¯v¶vZKvi MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ evRv‡ii G±i‡ì wbe©vPb Kiv nq| Dciš‘, ¶gZv Ges †RÛvi we‡kølY‡K mgšq Ki‡Z wRBGg UzjwKU eënvi Kiv hvq|

8.4 `y‡h©vM Ges †idv‡iÝ Gi gvbwP‡Îi wPÎvqb Ges cÖv_wgK we‡kølY ïiæ

• evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi †h UzjwKUB wbe©vPb Kiv †nvK bv †Kb, BGgGgG UzjwKU †_‡K evRv‡ii gvbwPÎ wPÎvq‡bi mnvqZv †bqvi Rb¨ wb‡`©k Kiv nq|

• †W¯‹ wiwfI Gi mgq wPwýZ AeKvVv‡gv, BbcyU Ges †mev hv evRvi eë ’vi mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZv‡K mnvqZv K‡i Zv gv‡K©U †PBb g¨vc G hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e wPÎvq‡bi cÖwµqvwU cybive„wË g~jK; GUv µgea©gvb c×wZ‡Z N‡U| cÖwZwU Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vi cÖv_wgK gvbwPÎ wPÎvq‡bi (Maping) (Lmov iƒc‡iLv) gva¨‡g GB cÖwµqv ïiæ Kiv hvq| †W¯‹ wiwfI Øviv cÖvß Ávb Ges Z‡_ï wfwË‡Z cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q Zv Kiv hvq| mgMÖ wcwmGgG eënv‡ii mgq †ek K‡qKevi evRv‡ii gvbwPÎ‡K cybtAsKb Ki‡Z n‡e †hb mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ evRvi eë ’v m¤c‡K© Av‡iv Rvbvi gva¨‡g cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q AswKZ Lmov gvbwPÎwU µ‡g Av‡iv wek` Ges cwigvwR©Z nq|

• evRvi `‡ji Kv‡Q cÖv_wgK gv‡K©U g¨vc Ges wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi Ac©Y/n ÍvšÍi Kiv

cÖ‡qvR‡b g~j we‡k ølYag©x c Ö‡kœi nvjbvMv`KiY

†idv‡iÝ g¨vc Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi g¨v‡ci Zzjbv Kiv


wKfv‡e Afxó RbMY/myweav‡fvMx RbMY cÖwZwU Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vq ci¯c‡ii Dci wµqv K‡i Zv we‡ePbv Kiv

Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve wba©viY Kiv

ARvbv Ges Rvb‡Z PvIqv Z_¨ wbe©vPbt gvV †_‡K msMÖ‡ni mgq Abycw ’Z Z_¨ Ges WvUv

Awfó RbM‡Yi/myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq D™NvwUZ Pvwn`vi AMÖvwaKvi Ges †idv‡iÝ mg‡q we`¨gvb Pvwn`v‡K we‡ePbvq ivLv

54 | c„ôv

8.5 DcvË/WvUv msMÖ‡ni Uzj ciL Kiv Ges PzovšÍ Kiv

• g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ, evRv‡ii g¨v‡ci cÖv_wgK bKkv, Ges c~‡e©i av‡c wewfb œ Abycw ’Z Z_¨ kbv³Ki‡Yi gva¨‡g GB avc ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e| evRv‡ii gvbwP‡Îi wewfbœ G±i †_‡K wK wK Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e Zv m¤c‡K© wbwðZ n‡Z n‡e|

• wb¤œy³ cÖ‡kœi DËi Ges cÖkœ mg~n‡K wbe©vwPZ WvUv msMÖ‡ni Uz‡ji gva¨‡g wewfbœ fv‡M wef³ Kivi Dci wfwË K‡i wcwmGgG Gi GKwU m¤¢ve¨ D‡Ïk¨ wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv n‡jv mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZi Dbœqb mvab|

eZ©gv‡b evRvi eë ’vi g~j evuav mg~n wK hv Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi AvNvZ cywl‡q DVvi `¶Zv‡K ¶wZM Í K‡i?

y‡h©v‡M Ae ’vi cÖwZKvi/ ms‡kvab Ki‡Z Zvr¶wYK Ges `xN© †gqv`x wK wK c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv n‡e?

Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq evRvi eë ’vq m¤¢ve¨ wK wK evuav i‡q‡Q?

Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡M Riæix Ae ’vq cÖ ‘wZ MÖnY Ges †bwZevPK cÖfve‡K Kgv‡Z G‡RwÝ/cÖwZôv‡bi Kx mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvc×wZ i‡q‡Q?

GB c`‡¶c mgyn‡K cÖvmw½K Ki‡Z KZ `ªæZ ev Íevqb Kiv hvq?

cÖwZwU G‡cÖvP ev Íevqb Ki‡Z wK cwigvY cyuwRi cÖ‡qvRb nq?

G‡RwÝ/cÖwZôvb KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i Ggb we`¨gvb wK wK KvVv‡gv i‡q‡Q (‡hgb- BDwbqb, mgevq m•N, mwgwZ, GbwRI, AvÂwjK `j, cÖavb cÖwZôvb, †bUIqvK©, miKvwi G‡RwÝ, BZ¨vw`)?

ev Í‡e cÖv‡qvwMK (technical), mvgvwRK (social) Ges ivR‰bwZK (political) w`K †_‡K cÖwZwU mnvqK c×wZ †hvMvb w`‡Z wcwmGgG KZUv Kvh©Ki?

we‡eP¨ wewfbœ †hvMvb/mievi‡ni c×wZ mvgvwRKfv‡e KZUv MÖnY‡hvM¨?

†Kvb m¤¢ve¨ c`‡¶‡c evRv‡ii G±iMY (Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq/g~j †mev `vb Kvix) KUZv AvMÖnx Ges `¶? wK wK evuav/mxgve×Zv we`¨gvb (‡hgb - eëmvqx‡ì bM` A_© MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv)?

GB mKj mxgve×Zv‡K Kgv‡Z G‡RwÝ wK wK Ki‡Z cv‡i (GUv civgk© †mB mv‡_ evRv‡ii mnvqK c`‡¶c‡K hy³ K‡i)?


• BGgGgG (EMMA) UzjwKU, AviGGg (RAM) UzjwKU, A·dv‡gi 48 AvIqvi (48 hour) Gi Uzj A_ev

WweøIGdwc Gi eëmvqx Rixc (WFP trader survey) Gi wb‡`©kbvq evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Uzj wbe©vP‡bi Dci wbf©i

K‡i WvUv msMÖ‡ni Uzj P~ovšÍ Kiv nq| AviGGg (RAM) UzjwKU, A·dv‡gi 48 AvIqvi (48 hour) Gi Uzj

A_ev WweøIGdwc Gi eëmvqx Rixc (WFP trader survey) cÖ ‘ZK…r cÖkœvejx cÖ`vb K‡i hv y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq MÖnY Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRb nq, †hLv‡b BGgGgG UzjwKU cÖkœvejx cÖ ‘Z Kivi mnvwqKv Ges `y‡h©vM c~e© Ae ’vq cÖ‡qvM Kivi Rb¨ cÖkœvejxi GKwU wj÷ cÖ`vb K‡i|

ev Íe D`vnviYt cÖkœvejx cÖ ‘ZKiY

• `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq AviGGg (RAM) Gi cÖkœvejx, †mvgvwjqvq AvBAviwm Øviv eëüZ n‡qwQj| mgMÖ wcwmGgG Gi wi‡cvU© GLv‡b †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|

55 | c„ôv

Aby‡gq `y‡h©vM, cÖavb evRvi Ges cY¨ mg~‡ni Rb¨ `y‡h©v‡M AvµvšÍ RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v (Uzj 2)

cÖavb Z_¨ `vZvi (Key informant questionnaire) cÖkœvejx (Uzj 8)

eëmvqx‡ì cÖkœvejx (Uzj 9) • cÖ‡kœi wj÷ hv WvUv msMÖ‡ni cÖkœvejx‡Z hy³ n‡Z cv‡i|

8.6 cÖv_wgK WvUv msMÖn

• cÖv_wgK WvUv ZLbB msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e hLb c~‡e© we`¨gvb wbf©i †hvM¨ †Kvb Z_¨ cvIqv hvq bv (‡mKkb 7t Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Ges we`¨gvb Z_¨ msMÖn/ R‡ov Kiv ªóe¨)| evRvi we‡k ølY µ‡g ewa©Z nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_ AwaK WvUv we`¨gvb _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| myZivs, evRv‡ii cwi‡ek Ges evRvi eë ’vi wbqgbxwZ‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ggb cÖfveK m¤c‡K© Ávb jvf Kivi †_‡K cÖv_wgK WvUv msMÖn we‡kl K‡i evRvi ’vb ch©v‡q Kg ¸iæZ¡ cvq|

• evRvi `‡ji mv‡_ cÖkœvejxi ciL K‡i †bqv| Av`k©MZ fv‡e, †Kvb evRvi ’v‡b ev Íe Ae ’v eënvi K‡i GB cÖkœvejx ciL K‡i †bqv nq| hw` GwU Kvh©Kix bv nq, we‡k ølY `‡ji `j‡bZv evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì gv‡S GKwU †ivj †cø Gi Av‡qvRb Ki‡e|

• mgq ¯íZvi Kvi‡Y cÖwZwU wb‡`©kbv gvbv wKsev cÖwZR‡bi mv‡_ c„_K K‡i K_v ejv m¤¢e nq bv, ZvB AMÖvwaKv‡ii wfwË‡Z fvM Kiv Riæix| wba©vwiZ mg‡qi gv‡S m¤¢ve¨ KZ msL¨K ¯v¶vZKv‡ii N›Uv wbw`©ó Kiv hvq| GUv we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ w`b, gv‡V åg‡Yi mgq Ges evRvi `‡ji AvKv‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡i| GKwU Lmov wb‡`©kbvi gZ, ¯v¶vZKvi MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖvß mgq (åg‡Yi mgq ev` w`‡q) †K wb‡æi gZ K‡i e›Ub Kiv hvqt


†Uwej 8 wewfbœ gv‡K©U G±‡ii gv‡S mgq e›Ub

¯v¶vZKv‡ii aiY mg‡qi fvM D`vnviY Afxó RbMb/ myweav‡fvMx RbMbY cwievi

15% 8 N›Uv (12 wU mswÿß ¯v¶vZKvi A_ev 8 wU †dvKvm MÖæ‡c wWmKvkb)

AvÂwjK LyPiv we‡µZv, eëmvqx, †µZv A_ev gvwjK

30% 12 N›Uv (15 wU gvSvgvwS ai‡Yi ¯v¶vZKvi)

cvBKvix we‡µZv, cÖavb †µZv, evwYR¨‡K‡›`ª Avg`vwbKviK

30% 12 N›Uv (15 wU gvSvgvwS ai‡Yi ¯v¶vZKvi)

Ab¨vb¨ cÖavb Z_¨`vZv, Awdwmqvj e¨w³eM©, †UªW BDwbqb, BZ¨vw`

15% 6 N›Uv (6 wU eo ¯v¶vZKvi)

m¤¢ve¨ Ges d‡jv-Avc ¯v¶vZKvi`vZv

10% 4 N›Uv

56 | c„ôv

• G‡¶‡Î m¨vgwc øs Gi †KŠkj Aej¤b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GLv‡b cÖ ÍvweZ wcwmGgG Gi cÖKv‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i cÖ_‡gB D‡Ïk¨g~jK m¨vgwcøs (‡hgb - cÖwZRb gv‡K©U G±‡ii ¯v¶vZKvi MÖnY †¶‡Î g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e, wZwbB me‡P‡q fv‡jv cÖvmw½K Z_¨ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z cvi‡eb - mvaviYZ cvBKvix we‡µZv, eo eëmvqx hvi evRvi eë ’v m¤c‡K© fv‡jv aviYv Av‡Q, Ges †UªWvi hv‡ì Afxó RbM‡Yi mv‡_ mivmwi †hvMv‡hvM Av‡Q Zv‡ì ¯v¶vZKvi MÖnY) eënvi Kivi mycvwik Kiv nq Ges cieZ©x mg‡q † œv-ej m¨vgwcøs Kiv n‡e †hLv‡b cÖ_g ¯v¶vZKvi`vZvi Kv‡Q Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K gv‡K©U G±‡ii mv‡_ K_v ejvi mycvwik Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Kiv nq|

• †hLv‡b D‡Ïk¨g~jK m¨vgwc øs Kvh©Ki †mLv‡b UªvBqv½y‡jkb Avewk¨Kt gv‡K©U G±i‡ì ¯v¶vZKvi MÖnY Pvwj‡q †h‡Z n‡e hZ¶Y ch©šÍ bv Kvh©Kix Dcv‡qi †Kvb cÖeYZv, cwigv‡bi gvÎv, AvPi‡Yi cÖKvi‡f` j¶¨ Kiv hvq|

• cwiKíbv Abyhvqx WvUv msMÖ‡ni KvR ev Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e, Ges WvUv wkU, B›UviwfI †iKW© A_ev gv‡Vi †bv‡Ui gva¨‡g msM„nxZ WvUv msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e| ¯v¶vZKvi cÖ`vbKvix gv‡K©U G±i‡ì bvg Ges †dvb b¤i msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e †hb cieZ©x‡Z Av‡iv †Kvb Z‡_ï Rb¨ Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kiv hvq| msM„nxZ WvUv †Kvb WvUv‡eR G †i‡L †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i hv Mo wnmve Kivi c×wZ‡K mnR Ki‡e|

ev Íe D`vnviYt evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ †gvevB‡j WvUv msMÖn bvBRv‡i wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ AvBAviwm †gvevB‡ji gva¨‡g WvUv msMÖn K‡iwQj hvi d‡j `¶Zv AR ©b Ges mxgve× ms‡hvM m‡Ë¡I mwVK mg‡q WvUv msMÖ‡ni wiwfI Gi myweav cvq| GB c`‡¶cwU `¶Zv Dbœq‡bi GKwU my‡hvM wn‡m‡e evRvi `j ØvivI M„nxZ n‡qwQj| bvBRv‡i wKfv‡e †gvev‡ji gva¨‡g WvUv msM„nxZ n‡qwQj Zvi av‡c av‡c wek` Rvb‡Z "AwR©Z wkL‡bi WKz‡gÈ" `ªóe¨|


e· 9t h_vh_ mywbw`©óZvi Afve "h_vh_ mywbw`©óZvi Afve" GKwU BGgGgG Gi GKwU ZË¡ hv wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡b eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i| h_vh_ WvUv †c‡Z hw` mgm¨v nq Z‡e g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e wcwmGgG KL‡bvB eo Rwiç‡jvi gZ cwimsL¨vbMZ wbf©zjZv AR©b Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| D`vnviY ¯iƒc, g‡b Kiv hvK 20 Rb gvbyl cÖwZ gv‡m Zv‡ì Pv‡ji e¨q Gi Z_¨ †`q| Zv‡ì DËi (Mo) mxwgZ wbf©zjZvi gva¨‡g e„nËi RbM‡Yi DË‡ii cÖwZwbwaZ¡ Ki‡e| GZGe, GUv cÖvß djvdj‡K weåvšÍ K‡i †hgbt "Mo e¨q = 72.30 UvKv"| GUv m¤c~Y© wbf©zj| Av‡iv mwVK eY©bv n‡Z cv‡i "e¨q Gi Mo e¨vwß 60-80 UvKvi gv‡S"| aviYv K‡i wb‡Z nq djvdj ¸‡jv m¤c~Y© Abygvb wbf©i, Ges Z‡_ï Dr‡mi mv‡_ Zv‡ì µm-‡PK K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| wcwmGgG Av‡iv "h_vh_ mywbw`©óZvi Afve" GB aviYv cÖ‡qvM K‡i Ges cwigvYMZ cÖ‡kœi Lye wbf©zj DËi †c‡Z Ges we‡k øl‡Y weåvwšÍKi mywbw`©ó djvdj eënv‡ii Rb¨ mgq e¨q K‡i bv| GUv ¸YMZ gvb Kgvq bv Kvib wbqgv gvwdK we‡k ølY, hyw³ Ges AvPiY eyS‡Z cviv (evRv‡i wKfv‡e G±iMY cvi¯cwiK wµqv K‡i, Ges wKfv‡e Zviv Zv‡ì wm×vš— †bq) cwigv‡bi e¨vwß Ges cÖeYZvi gZB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| evRv‡ii cÖavb Kvh©µg‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ggb Dcv`vb/cÖfveK - evRvi eë ’vq evRv‡ii ms‡KZ, PvjK, m¤cK© Ges evuav mg~‡ni w`‡K `„wó w`‡Z n‡e| "h_vh_ mywbw`©óZvi Afve" GB Z‡Ë¡i Dci wbf©i Kiv m‡Ë¡I cwigvYMZ Ges wbf©i‡hvM¨ WvUv msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b "wbf©i‡hvM¨" ej‡Z WvUv msc„w³ Ae ’v‡K eySvq, †hgb, hLb msM„nxZ bZzb WvUv †Kvb wel‡q Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i bv|

57 | c„ôv

• †PB‡bi cÖwZwU av‡c gv‡K©U G±‡ii msL¨v (AwaK wbf©zjZvi mv‡_ †PB‡bi g~j we›`y‡Z †hLv‡b mieivn GKwÎZ nq - †hgb ivóªxq ch©v‡q Avg`vwb KviK, wcwmGgG eënv‡ii ’v‡b cvBKvi - hvi d‡j †PB‡bi Ges wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi GjvKvq mgMÖ Kvh©µg wnmve Kiv hvq);

• cÖavb †jb‡`‡bi Ae ’v‡b DcKi‡Yi `vg; • Drcvw`Z Ges †jb‡`bK…r cY¨ Ges †mevi cwigvb; • cÖvc¨Zv (cY¨ fvÛvi Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq mgq) RbM‡bi gZvgZ‡K mveavbZvi mv‡_ we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e, †hgb eëmvqxiv Lye `ªæZ Zv‡ì mieivn evov‡Z PvB‡e| Dc‡ii cÖwZwU †¶‡Îi Rb¨ `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq, †idv‡iÝ mgq Ges Li‡Pi ¶gZvi Dci bRi w`‡Z n‡e|

• eëmvqx‡ì ¯v¶vZKvi MÖn‡Yi mgq g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, G‡RwÝ/cÖwZôvb hw` cieZ©x‡Z evRv‡i Av‡iv Kv‡Ri cwiKíbv iv‡L, Z‡e eëmvqx‡ì mv‡_ GB cÖv_wgK †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì mv‡_ `xN© †gqv`x ms‡hvM ’vcb nq| GB †hvMv‡hv‡Mi c×wZ‡Z WvUv msMÖn‡K GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask wn‡m‡e †`L‡Z n‡e|

• eëmvqx‡ì ¯v¶vZKvi †bqv Uv‡M©U MÖæc Gi ¯v¶vZKvi †bqv †_‡K h‡_ó wfbœ| eëmvqxMY mvaviYZ Lye e¨¯— _v‡Kb, ZvB cÖ ‘wZ Lye fv‡jv n‡Z n‡e Ges cÖkœgvjv m¤c‡K© fv‡jv Ávb _v‡K¨ n‡e| cÖkœ¸‡jv‡K avivevwnK fv‡e cyiY Kivi cÖ‡qvRb †bB, Av‡jvPbvi avivevwnKZvq cÖkœvgvjv c~iY Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡kœi c~‡e©B DËi cvIqv ch©‡e¶‡Yi Dci wbf©i K‡i| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e, cÖkœgvjv‡K `yB fv‡M cwiPvjbv Kiv mnRt GK fvM cÖkœ Ges Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e Ges Ab¨ `j †bvU wb‡e|


• WvUv msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ wb‡R‡K cwiPq Kwi‡q †`qvi c×wZUvB cÖavb, we‡kl K‡i `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vq| evRv‡i eëmvqx‡ì KvR m¤c‡K© cÖkœ Ki‡j eëmvqxMY m‡›`n Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ggb wKQz Gov‡Z, wb‡R‡K cwiPq Kwi‡q †`qvi mgq Av‡jvPbvi welqe ‘ wVK K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| gv‡V Kvh©Kix `j wb‡R‡ì‡K cwiPq Kwi‡q †`qvi mgq wb¤œy³ welq¸‡jv D‡jøL Ki‡Z cv‡ibt

gvbweK mvnv‡hï †cÖvMÖvg‡K Av‡iv fv‡jvefv‡e cwiKíbv Ki‡Z evRvi g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡”Q;

miKv‡ii †Kvb cÖwZwbwa bq;

^vaxb gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi Kg©x;

’vbxq A_©bxwZ‡K MwZkxj Ki‡Z my‡hvM †LvuRv n‡”Q;

GB GjvKvq fwel¨r `y‡h©v‡M RxweKvi Dci wK cÖfve †dj‡e Zv we‡ePbv Kiv|

• ¯v¶vZKvi †bqvi mgq ¯v¶vZKvi`vZvi AbygwZ wb‡q wb‡Z n‡e| eëmvqx‡ì ej‡Z n‡e Zviv †h cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z ¯v”Q›` †eva Ki‡eb bv †mB cÖ‡kœi DËi Zv‡ì †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb †bB Ges †mB msM„nxZ Z_¨ AcÖKvwkZ †_‡K hv‡e|

• gv‡Vi Kv‡Ri ci cÖwZw`b "‰`bw›`b wdWe¨vK †mkb" Gi cwiKíbv ivL‡Z n‡e| GB Awa‡ekb/‡mkb ¸‡jv WvUv cÖwµqv Ki‡Z Ges gv‡Vi `j‡K Abyiƒc we‡k øl‡Yi c‡_ ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i, Zv‡ì‡K D‡Ï‡kï mv‡_ cÖvmw½K ivL‡Z, Ges cieZ©x w`‡b gvV †_‡K Ges ¯v¶vZKvi`vZv †ì wbKU †_‡K wK wK Z_¨ Ges g~j we‡kølY ag©x †Kvb cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi Rvb‡Z n‡e Zv wbY©q Kiv hvq| GB †mk‡b wb¤œy³ welq¸‡jv hy³ n‡Z cv‡it

58 | c„ôv

wbe©vwPZ `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v ¯v¶vZKvi `vZv‡ì Kv‡Q cwi®‹vi wKbv Zv cybt cix¶v Kiv;

gv‡V Ges m¤¢ve¨ Ae ’vq mgm¨v/evav mg~n

‡ji cÖvß djvdj‡K aviY/cÖKvk Ki‡Z †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ‡K nvjbvMv`KiY

‡ji cÖvß djvdj‡K aviY/cÖKvk Ki‡Z wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛv‡ii nvjbvMv`KiY

evRv‡ii cÖavb G±i‡ì AvPiY, wm×všÍ †bqvi hyw³ Ges gvwb‡q †bqvi †KŠkj‡K aviY/cÖKvk Kiv

cÖv_wgK mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvwe‡kølY, mvovcÖ`v‡bi m¤¢ve¨ c×wZi mÜvb Ges Gi mv‡_ RwoZ welq (ms‡¶‡c, m¤¢ve¨Zv cix¶vi cÖv_wgK avcmg~n); hw` m¤¢e Ges cÖvmw½K nq wKQz m¤¢ve¨ cÖwZwµqv cÖ`v‡bi c×wZi m¤¢ve¨Zv cix¶vi Rb¨ cÖkœgvjvq wKQz cÖkœ hy³ Kiv (‡hgb wKQz wbw`©ó cÖwZwµqv cÖ`vb ev Kvh©wewai mv‡_ hy³ n‡Z eëmvqx‡ì wK cÖ ‘wZ i‡q‡Q A_ev wKQz cÖwµqvi m¤¢ve¨Zvq eëmvqx‡ì aviYv/g~j¨vqb)

cieZ©x w`‡bi cwiKíbv cybt we‡ePbv Kiv

evRv‡ii mvaviY wPÎ cwi®‹vi fv‡e cÖKvk Ki‡Z ¯v¶vZKv‡ii bZzb †dvKvm wbwðZ Ki‡Z ¯v¶vZKvi MÖn‡Yi cÖkœgvjv Ges/A_ev †mwg-÷ªvKPvi B›UviwfI †PKwj÷ Gi g~j welq wiwfI Kiv (‡hgb wKQz cÖkœ ev` w`‡q m¤¢ve¨Zv cix¶vq AwZwi³ cÖkœ Kiv hvq)


8.7 g¨vc P‚ovšÍ Kiv

• evRv‡ii gvbwPÎ Ges wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi P‚ovš— Ki‡Z GgbwK we‡k ølY ïiæ Ki‡Z wWweªwds (debriefing session) †mkb eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| †idv‡iÝ g¨vc G Z_¨ hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e A_ev gv‡K©U †PBb, evRv‡ii wewfb œ †mev Ges evRv‡ii cwi‡ek m¤c‡K© c~‡e©i we`¨gvb Z_¨ ms¯‹vi Ki‡Z n‡e| wKfv‡e Aby‡gq `y‡h©vM evRvi eë ’vi KvVv‡gv‡Z cÖfve †d‡j Zv wba©viY K‡i `y‡h©v‡Mi wPÎvqb (crisis map) PzovšÍ Ki‡Z n‡e|

• Dfq g¨vcB msw¶ß AsK‡bi gva¨‡g g~j êwkó¨ mg~‡ni Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i m¤cbœ Kiv n‡e| g~j êwkó¨ mg~n n‡Z cv‡it

wKfv‡e Ges †Kv_vq wewfbœ G‡RwÝi Afxó RbMY evRvi eë ’vq RwoZ

GB eë ’vq hLb `y‡h©vM AvNvZ K‡i ZLb †Kvb iv Ív (A_ev †PBb G) Awfó RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v c~i‡Y AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L|

gv‡K©U †PB‡b †Kvb G±iMY me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKvq _v‡Kb, Ges Zv‡ì cwiw ’wZi mv‡_ Lvc LvB‡q †bqvi †KŠkj ¸‡jv Kx?

†Kvb ai‡bi AeKvVv‡gv Ges †Kvb iK‡gi mnvqK †mevmg~n g~jZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

evRvi eë ’vi eZ©gvb Kvh©KvwiZv A_ev evRv‡i Afxó RbMY/myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ggb D‡j øL‡hvM¨ cÖfveK wn‡m‡e †h‡Kvb wbqg bxwZ, mvgvwRK g~j¨‡eva A_ev AvPiY n‡Z cv‡i|

y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi mgq evRvi eë ’vi eZ©gvb Kvh©KvwiZv A_ev evRv‡i Afxó RbMY/myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi AskMÖnY‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i Ggb D‡j øL‡hvM¨ cÖfveK wn‡m‡e †h‡Kvb wbqg bxwZ, mvgvwRK g~j¨‡eva A_ev AvPiY n‡Z cv‡i|

†k‡li `yBwU c‡q›U mvgvwRK Ges mvs¯‹…wZK fv‡e wb‡`©wkZ †RÛv‡ii `vwqZ¡‡K hy³ K‡i|

59 | c„ôv

evRv‡ii g¨v‡ci (Market Map) D`vnviY

BGgGgG Gi I‡qemvB‡U wcwmGgG wi‡cvU© Gi gv‡S evRv‡ii g¨v‡ci D`vnviY cvIqv hv‡e| D`vnviY ¯iƒc, †mvgvwjqvq AvBAviwm Øviv ev ÍevwqZ wcwmGgG Gi eënvi A_ev evsjv‡`‡k A·dvg Øviv ev ÍevwqZ wcwmGgG Gi eënvi|

8.8 gv‡K©U g¨vc Gi we‡k ølY

8.8.1 cwiev‡ii Pvwn`v ev M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwmm

• DwjøwLZAv‡Q, wcwmGgG e „nËi Ae ’v we‡k øl‡Yi GKwU Dcv`vb hv Avjv`v GKwU cÖwµqvi Ask wn‡m‡e hy³ n‡Z cv‡i hv Afxó/myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi Pvwn`vi wnmve Ki‡e| GUv mvaviYZ nvDR‡nvì B‡Kvbwg G‡cÖvP A_ev Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi gva¨‡g m¤cbœ Kiv nq| wcwmGgG †Z GB mKj Z_¨ eëüZ nq wKš‘ Gi gv‡b GB bq †h GKwU Pvwn`vi we‡kølY A_ev M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwm‡mi DrcwË Ki‡Z n‡e| †mKkb 4.1 AwaK Z‡_ï Rb¨ Pvwn`v wbiƒcY|


• Dciš‘, wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ Gi Dci wfwË K‡i g~j we‡k ølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi w`‡Z GKwU m¤c~Y© M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwmm Kivi c Ö‡qvRb †bB| m¦vfvweKfv‡e, hw` jvBU UvP evRvi g~j¨vqb Kiv nq Z‡e GKwU m¤c~Y© M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwmm Kivi cÖ‡qvRb nq bv| †Uwej 6t jvBU UvP A_ev AwaK e¨vß evRvi g~j¨vqb? `ªóe¨|

• wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi mgq Gi êwk‡óï Dci wfwË K‡i `yB ai‡Yi M¨vc mvaviYZ wnmve Kiv nqt GKwU †iqv‡iÝ eQ‡i Ges Ab¨wU `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q| wKfv‡e M¨vc wnmve Kiv hvq Zv m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z, BGgGgG UzjwKU, avc 7t M¨vc A¨vbvjvBwmm `ªóe¨|

• Afxó RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v Ges eZ©gv‡b cÖvc¨Zvi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L †idv‡iÝ eQ‡i "e¨vcK M¨vc ()" †_‡K Pvwn`v Ges cÖKvwkZ Pvwn`vi cwigvY| GUv ¯vfvweK mg‡q †Kvb gvÎvq Afxó RbMY cY¨/‡mev †c‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡`©k K‡i| GB e¨vcK M¨vc evRvi/c‡Y¨ Uv‡M©U RbM‡Yi cÖvc¨Zvq wK wK evuav Avm‡Z cv‡i Zv mevi „wó †MvPi K‡i Ges wKfv‡e evRvi eë ’v‡K kw³kvjx Kiv hvq Zvi Dci Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i| mieivn e„w×, Afxó RbMY‡K AwaK fv‡jv †mev cÖ`vb Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi AvNv‡Z Zv‡ì‡K Av‡iv ev Íeev`x Kivi gva¨‡g evRvi eë ’v‡K kw³kvjx Ki‡Y GUv Av‡iv GKwU m¤¢ve¨ wb‡`©kK| GgbwK †idv‡iÝ mg‡qI Uv‡M©U/Afxó RbMY m¤¢ve¨ M¨vc Gi gy‡LvgyLx nq|

• Afxó RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq c‡Yï Aby‡gq cÖvc¨Zvi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L `y‡h©v‡Mi eQ‡i "e¨vcK M¨vc (chronic gap)" †_‡K Pvwn`v Ges cÖKvwkZ Pvwn`vi cwigvY, Ges GUv RbM‡Yi evRv‡i/c‡Y¨ A_ev evRv‡ii cÖvc¨Zvi Dci y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve‡K wbw`©ó K‡i|

• wewfbœ Uv‡M©U MÖæ‡ci evRv‡i AskMÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î evuav Ges cQ‡›ì wel‡q Dcmsnvi Uvb‡e| ZLb evRvi eë ’vq Pvwn`vi e¨vwßKvj, AskMÖn‡Yi Dcv`vb Ges Uv‡M©U MÖæc †hme evuavi m¤§yLxb nq Zv m¤c‡K© m¤c~Y© Z_¨ _vK‡e, Ges hw` y‡h©vM N‡U Z‡e Afxó RbM‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZvi aiY m¤c‡K© Rb‡e|

8.8.2 evRv‡ii ¶gZv/`¶Zvi we‡k ølY

• cÖwZw`‡bi we‡k øl‡Yi wfwË‡Z †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq evRvi eë ’vi ¶gZv/`¶Zv Ges Kvh©KvwiZvi wel‡q Dcmsnvi Uvb‡Z n‡e|

• evRv‡ii `¶Zv/¶gZv we‡k øl‡Y †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi eQ‡i wbw`©ó mg‡q (‡hgb - GK mßvn, GK gvm, BZ¨vw`) evRv‡i eëmvqx‡ì msL¨v‡K cÖwZRb eëmvqx wK cwigvY cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z cv‡i Zvi cwigvY w`‡q ¸Y Ki‡Z n‡e

60 | c„ôv

Ges †mB mv‡_ Zv‡ì Li‡Pi ¶gZv‡K we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| AviGGg () Uzj 11evRv‡ii mvovcÖ`v‡bi `¶Zv g~j¨vq‡b KbK¬ykb Uªx `ªóe¨|

• evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZv we‡kl‡Yi Rb¨ †idv‡iÝ mg‡q evRv‡ii mgšq g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q evRv‡ii c~‡e©i `¶Zvi gZ mieivn/‡hvMvb †`qvi mvg_ ©‡K we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e| GUv AwaKvsk †¶‡Î wbf©i K‡i Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq evRvi Av‡Mi gZ mgwšZ _v‡K wKbv| wcwmGgG Gi Rb¨ evRvi mgš‡qi gvÎv GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© we‡eP¨ welq| hw` evRv‡ii mgšq Lye Lvivc nq Z‡e µq ¶gZv e„w×i mv‡_ mv‡_ evRv‡i †hvMv‡bi cwigvY e„w× cv‡e bv Ges Gi d‡j gy`ªvùxwZ NU‡e| Ggb Ae ’vq, mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv wn‡m‡e K¨vk UªvÝdvi c×wZ Gwo‡q †h‡Z n‡e| evRv‡ii mgšq‡K evuav cÖ`vbKvix cÖfveK mg~n wb‡`©wkZ n‡j Ges G‡ì m¤c‡K© aviYv cvIqv †M‡j mnvqK evRvi mgšq evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi GKwU c×wZ n‡Z cv‡i;


• Aby‡gq `y‡h©vM wKfv‡e evRv‡ii cÖavb G±i‡ì cÖfvweZ K‡i Ges evRvi eë ’vq Zv‡ì AvPiY, Zv‡ì msL¨v Ges Zv‡ì cvi¯cwiK ¶gZv we‡k ølY Kiv| GB we‡køl‡Y evRv‡ii mgšq K‡g‡Q wKbv Zv eySv hvq|

• Aby‡gq `y‡h©vM wKfv‡e Pvwn`v-‡hvMv‡bi MwZ/m¤cK© †K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Q Zv we‡kølY Kiv| evRvi eë ’v Pvwn`v (RbM‡Yi c Ö‡qvRbxq cY¨ ev †mev µq Kivi ¶gZv) Ges †hvMvb- (‡m me c‡Yï mieivn Kivi eëmvqx‡ì ¶gZv) Gi cvi¯cwiK wµqvi Dci KvR K‡i| Pvwn`v Ges †hvMvb m¤cwK©Z evuav mg~‡ni Uv‡M©U MÖæc/Afxó RbM‡Yi Dci- Zviv †fv³v cwievi, Drcv`K A_ev Kg©x wn‡m‡e y‡h©v‡M ÿwZMÖ Í n‡q‡Q wKbv Zvi Dci wfwË K‡i wfbœ wfbœ cÖfve i‡q‡Q; hwÌ G‡¶‡Î A‡bK iKg gvbweK mvnv‡hï Kg©Kv‡Ûi ev Íevqb i‡q‡Q| we‡køl‡Y mnvqK wn‡m‡e c „ôv 149 Gi e· 8.13t BGgGgG UzjwKU eënvi Kiv hvq|

• hw` mieivn/‡hvMv‡bi mgm¨v cÖavb cÖwZeÜKZv nq Z‡e mnvqK RbMY Zv‡ì Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z wKfv‡e †hvMvb/mieiv‡ni †¶‡Î evRvi‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡i| hw` cÖwZeÜKZv Pvwn`vi w`K †_‡K nq Z‡e wKfv‡e RbM‡Yi evRv‡i AskMÖn‡Y mnvqZv Kiv hvq †hgb- cY¨ ev †mevi µq ¶gZv, A_ev RbM‡Yi Kg©ms ’v‡bi †hvM¨Zv BZ¨vw`‡K mnvqZv Kiv| †Kvb †Kvb †¶‡Î Pvwn`v Ges †hvMvb Df‡qB `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í n‡Z cv‡i Ges Dfq †¶‡ÎB mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb|

• †idv‡iÝ eQ‡i Riæix evRvi eë ’vi Ae ’v Ges evRvi eë ’vq Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfv‡ei Dci cÖvß djvdj‡K mgwšZ/GKwÎZ Ki‡Z n‡e; we‡kl K‡i, `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í Ae ’vq †hvMvb Ges Pvwn`vi evuav mg~‡ni we‡k ølY Ki‡Z n‡e, Ges c‡i †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q evRvi eë ’vi ¶gZv/`¶Zv Ges Kvh©KvwiZvi we‡køl‡Yi Dcmsnvi Uvb‡Z n‡e| GKwU evRvi eë ’v `y‡h©v‡M mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvKi‡Z Ae`vb iv‡L, hw` GwU `ªe¨ g~‡jï Ges Ab¨vb¨ wel‡q †Kvb †bwZevPK cwieZ©b bv Av‡b, GUv wb¤œy³ welqmg~n cÖ`vb K‡it

Afxó/Uv‡M©U RbM‡Yi gv‡S mivmwi ch©vß Ges b¨vh¨ g~‡j¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Lv`¨ `ªe¨, Dcv`vb A_ev †mev mieivn/‡hvMvb †`qv (‡hgb bM` A_©, fvDPvi BZ¨vw`) Ges GUv g‡b K‡i †h, cieZ©x mg‡q Zv‡ì evRv‡i AskMÖnY Kiv Ges µq ¶gZv evo‡e|

gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’v Øviv ’vbxq †cÖvwKDi‡g›U Gi Rb¨ ch©vß Ges b¨vh¨ g~‡j¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Lv`¨ `ªe¨, Dcv`vb A_ev †mev mieivn/‡hvMvb †`qv, A_ev

Afxó RbM‡Yi kªg A_ev Drcvw`Z cY¨ wewµi GKwU wbf©i‡hvM¨ †`vKvb Ges mwVK `vg Ges Riæix Ae ’vq Av‡qi Drm wba©viY K‡i †`qv|

61 | c„ôv

KZ mgq jvM‡e?

evRvi we‡klY Pjgvb c Öwµqvi gva¨‡g gv‡Vi Kv‡Ri †k‡l evRvi `‡ji `j‡bZvi †bZ…‡Z¡ Ges we‡k ølY `‡ji `j‡bZvi mvgwMÖK ZË¡veav‡b ˆ`bw›`b wi‡cviwUs †mk‡bi ga¨ w`‡q m¤cbœ Kiv nq| GLb ch ©šÍ GB c×wZwU mvaviYfv‡e mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvwe‡køl‡Yi c~‡e©B gv‡Vi Kv‡Ri †k‡l `yB w`‡bi Kg©kvjvi gv‡S hy³ wKš‘ we‡køl‡Yi e¨vwßi Dci wfwË K‡i Gi Rb¨ †ewk ev Kg mgq jvM‡Z cv‡i|

Aa¨vq wZb 9. evRvi wfwËK c`‡¶c MÖn‡Y/cwiKíbvq wcwmGgG Gi eënvi

Aa¨vq 3t wcwmGgG djvd‡ji eënvi GB Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

• evRvi `j fwel¨‡Z `y‡h©v‡Mi mvovcÖ`vb c×wZ Ges evRvi eë ’v‡K kw³kvjxKi‡Y c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ mvovcÖ`v‡bi mycvwik cÖ ‘Z K‡i

• evRvi `j m½wZc~Y©/cÖvmw½K †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì mv‡_ wcwmGgG Gi djvdj wb‡q Av‡jvPbv/‡hvMv‡hvM Kv‡i|

9. evRvi wfwËK c`‡¶c MÖn‡Y/cwiKíbvq wcwmGgG Gi eënvi


GB avcwU A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~©Y KviY GLv‡b mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Y wKfv‡e wcwmGgG Gi djvdj mg~n eënvi Kiv hvq †m m¤c‡K© Z_¨ †`q|


evRvi `j `y‡h©v‡Mi Av‡M, y‡h©v‡Mi mgq I `y‡h©v‡Mi c‡i ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖvmw½K Ges m½wZc~Y© †cÖvMÖvg wb‡`©k/kbv³ Ki‡e|


9.1 evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs/Kvh©µgt GUv wK?

• evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs/Kvh©µg ev c`‡¶c n‡jv cÖKí hv ’vbxq evRv‡ii gva¨‡g A_ev ’vbxq evRv‡ii mnvqZvq KvR K‡i| GUv evRvi eë ’vi mv‡_ RwoZ mKj ai‡Yi Kg©KvÛ‡K we‡ePbv K‡i †hgb wiwjd wewZiY †_‡K ïiæ K‡i ’vbxq evRvi eë ’v‡K A_ev gv‡K©U nve (market hubs) †K mwµqfv‡e kw³kvjxKiY Ges Dbœqb NUv‡bv|

• GB av‡ci mgq evRvi `j cÖvmw½K Ges m½wZc~Y© c`‡¶c kYv³ Ki‡e hv wb¤œy³ welq mg~‡n ev ÍevwqZ n‡et

Aby‡gq `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi Av‡MB mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv ev Íevqb, evRvi eë ’v kw³kvjxKiY Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖ ‘wZ, y‡h©v‡M ¶wZi nªvm wbwðZKiY, RxweKvi cybiæ×vi, Ges Uv‡M©U MÖæ‡ci evRv‡i AskMÖnY e„w×|

y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi mgq mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv Uv‡M©U/Afxó RbM‡Yi RxweKv, m¤c` Gwes evRvi i¶vq ev ÍevwqZ n‡e|

y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi mgq/ci¶‡YB RbM‡Yi cÖv_wgK Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Y mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv ev ÍevwqZ n‡e|

62 | c„ôv

mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi cieZ©x mg‡q RxweKv Ges evRv‡ii `ªæZ cybiæ×v‡i mnvqZv Ki‡Z ev ÍevwqZ n‡e

wcwmGgG eënv‡i †Kvb ai‡Yi mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv wPbwnZ/wba©vwiZ n‡e Zv cÖ_‡gB wVK K‡i †bIqv wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨ Gi Dci wbf©i K‡i| †Uwej 1t †hŠw³K µgšqt wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨, g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ mg~n Ges Kg©Kv‡Ûi cÖKvi‡f` ªóe¨|


†Uwej 9t evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs/Kvh©µgt GUv wK? cÖZ¨¶ c`‡¶c

GB c`‡¶‡ci D‡Ïk¨ `y‡h©v‡M evRv‡i m‡PZbZv e„w×i c×wZ‡Z mivmwi Uv‡M©U MÖæc/ Afxó `‡ji Ae ’vi Dbœqb

c‡iv¶ c`‡¶c GB c`‡¶‡ci D‡Ïk¨ cÖvmw½K evRvi eë ’vi mnvqZvi gva¨‡g `y‡h©v‡M Uv‡M©U MÖæc/ Afxó `‡ji Ae ’vi Dbœqb

evRvi ms‡e`x/mn‡R eyS‡Z cviv hvq Ggb evRvi

evRvi eë ’v kw³kvjxKiY we`¨gvb evRvi eë ’vq mn‡hvMx c‡iv¶ c`‡¶c

evRvi eë ’vi Dbœqb we`¨gvb bq Ggb evRvi eë ’vq mn‡hvMx c‡iv¶ c`‡¶c

`y‡h©v‡Mi c~e© cwiKíbv ï®‹ †gŠmy‡gi c~‡e©B cyïcvj‡K i¶v Ki‡Z ’vbxq cï wPwKrm‡Ki mnvqZvq †fovi UxKv`v‡bi fvDPvi

eëmvqx‡ì bM` A_© cÖ`vb †hb el©v †gŠmy‡gi c~‡e©B Zviv Uv‡M©U MÖæc/Afxó RbM‡Yi †gŠwjK Pvwn`v cyiY wbwðZ Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq cY¨`ªe¨ gRy` Ki‡Z cv‡i

’vbxq dvg©vwm÷ Gi mv‡_ GjvKvq m‡PZbZv e„w× †hb Zviv cvwbi U¨ve (Aquatabs) Gi we`¨gvb mieivnKvix m¤c‡K© Rvb‡Z cv‡i Ges eb¨vi mgq mn‡R cvwbi U¨ve (Aquatabs) †c‡Z cv‡i

`y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v ’vbxq †cÖvwKDi‡g›U Gi Øviv Lv`¨ bq Ggb cY¨ weZiY

iv Ív cybtwbg©vY †hb ’vbxq eëmvqxiv

evRvi ’v‡b cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i|

†h †Kvb y‡h©v‡M, GKwU bZzb evRvi eë ’v cÖYqb Kiv wbiærmvwnZ Kiv nq|

cybiæ×vi gwnjv Kwd Drcv`bKvix‡ì RxweKvi gvb evov‡Z wk¶vi nvi e„w× Kiv

’vbxq ch©v‡q U‡g‡Uv Drcv`‡b mnvqZv Kiv hv‡Z Uv‡M©U MÖæ‡ci cywói Pvwn`v c~iY nq

’vbxq ch©v‡q †K¬vwib Drcv`b ïiæ Kiv †hb Uv‡M©U MÖæc cwi‡ekMZ DbœZ Lvevi cvwb †c‡Z cv‡i

`xN©-‡gqv`x cwiKíbv Drcv`K Ges eëmvqx‡ì gv‡S ms‡hvM evov‡bv/‡f‡½ †djv

evRvi‡K cY¨ wfwËK Ki‡Z " ’vbxq ch©v‡q

c‡Yï wek¦e¨vcx evwYR¨‡K cÖfvweZ Kiv, D`vnviY

63 | c„ôv

µq" Gi cÖPviYvq mnvqZv Kiv

¯iƒc, "wbi‡c¶ evwYR¨" Gi †j‡ej cÖ ‘Z Kiv


9.2 mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi c×wZ

• mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi c×wZ Ae ’v we‡kølY (Pvwn`v wbiƒcY, evRvi we‡kølY Ges Ab¨vb¨ Ae ’v welqK Z_¨) Ges Kvh©µg cwiKíbvi (programme design) gv‡S ms‡hvM ’vcb K‡i| GUv †cÖvMÖv‡gi mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv, Kvh©wewa, Uv‡M©U MÖæc‡K hy³ K‡i; GUv Dchy³Zv Ges m¤¢ve¨Zvi we‡ePbvq AeMZ nq, Ges we‡k ølY Ges hLb m¤¢ve¨ cvk¦©cÖwZwµqv Kgv‡bvi mgq GK‡Î Pvwn`v wba©viY K‡i|

• mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv ïay gvÎ wcwmGgG Gi djvd‡ji DciB wbf©i K‡i bv eis Av‡iv Ae ’v we‡k øl‡Yi Dcv`vb †hgb Pvwn`v wbiƒcY, †RÛvi we‡køkb BZ¨vwì Dci wbf©i K‡i| GB wel‡q AskMÖnYKvix‡ì g‡b Kwi‡q †`qv cÖ‡qvRb|

• A‡bK G‡RwÝ/cÖwZôvb ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ ïaygvÎ Zv‡ì cwiwPZ mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv eënvi Ki‡Z Pvq †hLv‡b m¤c~Y© m¤¢vebvgq Ges mgvbfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKš‘ Kg "mbvZb" c`‡¶c - wcwmGgG Gi eënvi i‡q‡Q| `vZv ms ’vi evuav A_ev G‡RwÝ/cÖvwZôvwbK ch©v‡q Avf¨šÍixb m‡PZbZvi Afve GB me mxgve×Zv‡K eY©bv Ki‡Z cv‡i- mycvwik mg~n‡K ¯cóZv cÖ`v‡b Ges `vZv ms ’v I wb‡Ri G‡RwÝ/cÖwZôv‡bi gv‡S †hvMv‡hvM Kwi‡q w`‡Z we‡k ølY‡K eënvi Kiv hvq|

• GB av‡ci mgq wb‡¤œi cÖkœ¸‡jv evRvi `‡ji mv‡_ eënvi Ki‡j mnvqK n‡Z cv‡it

cÖwZwµqv cÖ`v‡bi m¤¢ve¨ cÖwµqv m¤c‡K© fvev Ges cÖwZwU cÖwµqvi myweav Ges Avmyweav wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv|

wd¬cPvU© G mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvi we‡kølY †_‡K cÖvß wZb †_‡K cvuPwU AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ wjLv Ges cÖwZwUi Rb¨ SzuwK Ges Abygvb, evRvi Ges RbM‡Yi Dci Gi cÖfve, mgqÁvb Ges m¤¢ve¨Zv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e|

Av‡jvPbvq wb¤œy³ cÖkœ¸‡jv we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡et

mvovcÖ`v‡bi †Kvb cÖwµqv RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v c~iY Ki‡e?

mvovcÖ`v‡bi †Kvb cÖwµqv †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q Uv‡M©U MÖæc‡K evRvi eë ’vq fv‡jvfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Z w`‡e?

†Kvb KvR A_ev mnvqZv mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv‡K RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v c~i‡Y Ges evRvi eë ’vi cybiæ×vi/kw³kvjx Ki‡Z AbygwZ †`q?

mvovcÖ`v‡bi wewfbœ cÖwµqvi evRvi Ges evRvi eë ’vq RbM‡Yi AskMÖn‡Yi Dci wK wK ai‡Yi cÖfve i‡q‡Q? SzuwK ¸‡jv wK?

†Kvb KvR GB SzuwK Kgv‡Z cv‡i?

• wbe©vwPZ mvovcÖ`v‡bi Kvh©KvwiZv cix¶v Ki‡Z GB av‡ci †k‡l cÖavb Z_¨ cÖ`vbKvix‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv

• wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi c×wZ‡K mnR Ki‡Z wb‡æi "wWwmkb Uªx" eënvi Kiv hvq Ges avc 9t BGgGgG UzjwK‡U mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv (c„ôv 159-183) `ªóe¨|

64 | c„ôv

Aa¨vq wZb 9. evRvi wfwËK c`‡¶c MÖn‡Y/cwiKíbvq wcwmGgG Gi e¨envi wPÎ 2: evRvi-wfwËK Kvh©µ‡gi wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi Uªx

Dc‡ii wP‡Îi †¶‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, GKgvÎ mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi Av‡M Zvr¶wYK fv‡e we‡kølY Kivi ci ev ÍevwqZ n‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨vb¨ mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv c~‡e©B Aby‡gq hvi Rb¨ `j we‡køl‡Yi †k‡lB c Ö ‘wZ MÖnY Kivi mv‡_ mv‡_ m¤¢ve¨ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e© cÖ ‘wZ MÖnY K‡i|

65 | c„ôv


9.3 evRvi wfwËK †cÖvMÖvwgs/Kvh©µgt t †Kvb wel‡qi mv‡_ mvgvÄm¨c~Y©? wb‡Pi wj÷wU e¨vcK `~‡i Ges gvwë †m±ivj Ae ’vq Ges evRvi wfwËK Kvh©µ‡gi we¯—…wZ‡Z we`¨gvb _v‡K| GUv AwaKvsk †¶‡Î c‡iv¶ c`‡¶‡ci D`vnviY‡K cÖKvk K‡i| hvB‡nvK, me ai‡Yi evRv‡i m‡PZbZv e„w×i c`‡¶c †hgb K¨vk UªvÝdvi †cÖvMÖvwgs (wmwUwc) mn cÖZ¨¶ c`‡¶‡ci A‡bK D`vnviY i‡q‡Q| Av‡iv AwaK D`vnviY †`L‡Z "K¨ví jvB‡eªix" `ªóe¨| ev Íe D`vnviY wmAviGm †¯‹vwcs ÷vwW †gŠwjK Pvwn`v c~i‡Y m‡Pó nqt †bcv‡j 2015 mv‡ji f‚wgK‡¤ci K‡qK gvm ci, wmAviGm 300 ¶z`ª eëmvqx‡ì evRvi ’v‡b wmAviGm Gi Riæix Ae ’vq myweav‡fvMx RbM‡Yi Øviv mnvqZv w`‡q‡Q, †hb GB ¶z`ª eëmvqxMY Riæix Ae ’vq GB wmAviGm Gi myweav‡fvMx‡ì Pvn`v Abyhvqx h_vh_ †hvMvb w`‡Z cv‡i| GB †fÛiMY me ai‡Yi eëmvqx nq, †Kvb wbw`©ó c‡Yï we‡µZv bq| †fÛi‡ì webv k‡Z© 300 BDGmWjvi bM` A_© Aby`vb wZbwU wKw¯—‡Z weZiY Kiv n‡qwQj| cwiev‡ii cywói Pvwn`v c~i‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡it `w¶Y my`v‡b, gvwm© Kc©m (Mercy Corps) 50 Rb eëmvqx‡ì gv‡S 600 Ges 800 BDGmWjvi wbtkZ© mxgve× bM` Aby`vb `yB wKw¯—‡Z weZiY K‡iwQj| eëmvqx‡ì wKQz wbw`©ó cÖavb Lv`¨ `ªe¨ µ‡qi KvR †`qv n‡qwQj †hgb- Pvj, wPwb, Mg, fzÆv hv Lv`¨ wbivcËvnxbZvq _vKv cwiev‡ii bvbv cÖKv‡ii Ges cywóKi Lv‡`ï Pvwn`v †gUv‡e| GB GjvKvq †g 2015 G `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi wVK c~e© gyn~‡Z© eëmvqxiv cY¨ (Lv`¨ Ges Lv`¨ bq Ggb cY¨) cybivq ¸`vgRvZ Ki‡Z GB A_© eënvi Ki‡Z †c‡iwQj; Gi d‡j `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq evRvi Pvjy wQ‡jv †hLv‡b evRv‡i cY¨ mieiv‡ni Drm GK gv‡miI †ewk mg‡qi Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM wew”Qbœ wQj| Avkªq MÖn‡Y AbygwZ †`qt BD‡µ‡b `y‡h©v‡M wmAviGm Gi Avkªq cÖ`vb Kvh©µg hv Rvbvjv cybtwbg©vY hy³ wQj| GUv Ki‡Z wmAviGm ’vbxq KvwiM‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡iwQj Ges jwL¨Z cwiev‡ii gv‡S 400 wU †mev (service vouchers) fvDPvi weZiY K‡iwQj †hb Zviv Zv‡ì Rvbvjv wVK Ki‡Z cv‡i| hwÌ Rvbvjv mieivnKvixiv GB Aby`v‡b AskMÖn‡Yi Ae ’v‡b wQ‡jb bv KviY Zviv Zv‡ì cyuwR nvwi‡qwQ‡jb Ges Rvbvjv †givg‡Zi DcKi‡Yi LiP Av‡MB †`qv n‡qwQj| wmGiGm cÖvq cvuP Rb Rvbvjvi DcKiY mieivnKvix‡ì mnvqZv w`‡qwQj fvDPv‡i †gvU A‡_©i Gi 50% c~‡e©B cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g Ges Rvbvjv †givg‡Zi DcKi‡Yi cvBKvwi we‡µZvi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g †hb Zviv †mB †fÛi‡ì Rvbvjv †givg‡Zi KvuPvgvj FY wn‡m‡e †`q| Lvevi cvwb †c‡Z mnvqZv cÖ`vbt wdwjcvB‡b UvBdzb nvBqvb Gi AvNv‡Zi K‡qK gvm ci, A·dvg †Um‡jvevb (Tacloban) kn‡ii ew Í‡Z weï× Lvevi cvwb mieiv‡ni wm×všÍ †bq| Lvevi cvwb mieiv‡ni evRvi eë ’vi BGgGgG Gi mnvwqKvi mnvqZvq GUv mieiv‡ni cÖavb welq¸‡jv †ei K‡it cÖavb mieivnKvix g~jab Ges R¡vjvbxi Afv‡e fv½v cvwbi b‡ji cybtwbg©vY Kivi gZ ch©v‡q wQ‡jb bv| cvwbi Uªv‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ mevi gv‡S cvwb weZi‡Yi cwie‡Z© A·dvg cvwbi bj cybt wbg©vY Ki‡Z Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q A_© Ges Kv‡Ri wewbg‡q Lv`¨ GB `yBwU Kg©cwiKíbv K‡i| (A·dv‡gi jvBfwjûW †cÖvMÖvg Gi mv‡_ hy³ K‡i)| KZ mgq jvM‡e? GB avcwU evRvi `‡ji m`m¨‡ì Øviv Ges we‡k ølb `‡ji `j‡bZvi †bZ …‡Z¡ gv‡Vi †kl w`‡b KvR †k‡l m¤cb œ Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi ci GB av‡ci djvdj‡K GKwU Lmov KvM‡R mvRv‡Z n‡e (G‡b·vi G wcwmGgG wi‡cvU© Gi bgybv `ªóe¨)| GB cÖ ÍvweZ KvVv‡gvwU GKwU gvb m¤§Z KvVv‡gv, wKš‘ wi‡cv‡U©i e¨vwß g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwai Dci wfwË K‡i wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| (‡mKkb 4t g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwa wba©viY Ges Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v `ªóe¨)|

Aa¨vq wZb 10. djvdj wewbgq/AewnZ Kiv

66 | c„ôv

10. djvdj wewbgq/AewnZ Kiv (COMMUNICATE THE RESULTS)


wcwmGgG Gi djvdj‡K WKz‡g›U Kiv Ges mg‡qvc‡hvMx Ges Kvh©Ki fv‡e eë ’vcK, bxwZ wba©viK Ges Ab¨vb¨ jw¶¨Z RbM‡Yi mv‡_ GB djvd‡ji wewbgq, wcwmGgG Gi D‡Ïk¨‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡Z LyeB Riæix| wcwmGgG AskMÖnY g~jK n‡j GUv Lye mnR n‡e|

wi‡cv‡U©i Rb¨ wek¦vm †hvM¨, cÖgvY wfwËK, `„k¨gvb MÖnY‡hvM¨ dig¨vU A_ev †cÖ‡R‡›Ukvb cÖvavb¨ cv‡e|

GB av‡ci ‡k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

evRvi we‡køl‡Yi wi‡cvU© m¤cbœ Ges cÖPvwiZ/cÖKvwkZ n‡e|


10.1 wcwmGgG Gi wi‡cvU© P‚ovšÍ KiY

GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, we‡k ølY †kl nIqvi 10 w`‡bi gv‡S we‡k ølY `‡ji `j‡bZv wcwmGgG Gi djvdj ¸‡jv‡K wjL‡eb Ges Dcmsnvi Uvb‡eb| †h‡nZz GUv mycvwik ¸‡jv‡K Av‡iv e„nr Avw½‡K cÖKvk Ki‡Z eëüZ n‡e ‡m‡nZz GUv wbwðZ Kiv LyeB Riæix †h, wi‡cvU© we‡kølY †kl nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B wjLv n‡q‡Q|

wi‡cvU©wU eënvi Ki‡Z mnR Ggb U¨vg‡c øU G n‡e, wi‡cv‡U©i mvims‡¶c/Gw·wKDwUf mvgvwi Avjv`v fv‡e bxwZ wba©viK Ges eë ’vcK‡ì Rvbv‡Z n‡e| G‡b‡· cÖ`Ë wcwmGgG wi‡cv‡U©i U¨vg‡cøU eënvi Kiv hvq| Av`k©MZ fv‡e, wcwmGgG wi‡cv‡U© evRvi ch ©‡e¶‡Yi Dci GKwU †mKkb _vK‡e| (gv‡K©U wi‡cvU© U¨vg‡c øU Ges †mKkb 11.2t evRv‡ii wb‡`©kK wba©viY `ªóe¨)

e· 10: GKwU cwi”Qbœ, ¯”Q Ges Kv©h-wbf©i wi‡cvU© - mvd‡jï g~j Dcv`vb wcwmGgG wi‡cvU© GKwU cÖavb Dcv`vb hv wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwik ¸‡jv‡K eënv‡i Ae`vb iv‡L| Gi gv‡S Aek¨B h‡_ó cÖgv‡Yi Z_¨ Ges c×wZ m¤c‡K© cwi®‹vi e¨vL¨v _vK‡Z n‡e| we‡k ølY †h mKj cÖgv‡Yi wfwË‡Z Kiv n‡e hv mwVKfv‡e wi‡cv‡U© wjwce× (Drm Ges c×wZ Df‡qB) _vK‡Z n‡e| Z‡_ï Drm, MVb Ges Rwi‡ci dig¨vU, mvovcÖ`v‡bi mycvwi‡ki †d«gIqvK© Ges/A_ev Kg©-cwiKíbv wi‡cv‡U©i †k‡l G‡b· wn‡m‡e _vK‡e| cÖgvY Ges we‡kølY wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwi‡ki GKwU wfwË cÖ ‘Z Ki‡e, hv Kvh©Ki Kg©cwiKíbv wn‡m‡e Dc ’vwcZ n‡e| mycvwik¸‡jv‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z Kg©cwiKíbvq wewfbœ G±i A_ev †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì `vwqZ¡ m¤c©‡K GKwU Lmov Ki‡Z n‡e| AvBAviwm Gi Avc‡UK ÷vwW †_‡K|

Aa¨vq wZb 10. djvdj wewbgq/AewnZ Kiv

• mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi mgq hw` cÖavb †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì hy³ Kiv m¤¢e bv nq Z‡e GUv Lye ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ mycvwik Kiv nq †h, GKwU Lmov wi‡cvU© †mB †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì‡K †`qv †hb Zviv P ‚ovšÍ wi‡cvU© cÖPv‡ii Av‡MB Zv‡ì ¸iæZ¡c~Y© gšÍe¨ †`qvi my‡hvM cvb|

• we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZvi g~j wel‡qi Dci 15-20 wgwb‡Ui GKwU †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb cÖ ‘Z Ki‡eb|

67 | c„ôv

10.2 wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwikmg~n cÖPvi/AewnZ Kiv

cÖavb bxwZ wba©viK‡ì kYv³ Kiv Ges Zv‡ì‡K GKwU GK N›Uvi wgwUs Avgš¿Y Rvbv‡bv †hLv‡b g~j djvdj Ges mycvwik mg~n Zv‡ì mvg‡b †ck Kiv n‡e| wb‡¤œi gZ K‡i mgq‡K fvM K‡i †bqv hvqt g~j djvdvj, mycvwik Ges cwiKíbvi nvjbvMv` KiY m¤ci‡K GKwU 20 wgwb‡Ui †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb| c‡ii 40 wgwbU Av‡jvPbv| weKífv‡e, we`¨gvb mgšq wgwUs G wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwikI Zz‡j aiv hvq|

e· 11: P‚ovšÍ djdj Rvbv‡bv/AewnZ Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKš‘ h‡_ó bq g~j¨vq‡bi Lye cÖ_g †_‡KB cÖPv‡ii cÖwµqv ïiæ nq, Ges †k‡li w`‡K djvdj m¤c‡K© cÖPviYv‡K mxgve× Kiv hv‡e bv| DwjøwLZ†h, wcwmGgG Gi eënvi‡K AskMÖnYg~jK Kiv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e (e· 8 `ªóe¨), Ges †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì µ‡qi ïiæ †_‡K e„nr Avw½‡K Gi wel‡q †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mycvwik mg~‡ni mv‡_ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì hy³ K‡i †`qvi cÖ ‘wZ wb‡Z n‡e| cÖPv‡ii mv`„k¨Zv wcwmGgG Gi djvdj Ges mycvwik mg~n‡K fv‡jvfv‡e cÖKv‡ki GKwU cÖavY Dcv`vb| GB cÖPviYvi jw¶¨Z e¨vw³eM© n‡eb mKj ai‡Yi gvbweK mvnv‡hï †÷K‡nvìviMYt `vZv ms ’v, bxwZ wba©viK, †UKwbK¨vj we‡klÁ, eë ’vcK, jwRw÷wmqvb, wdbvÝ Ges GWwgwb‡÷ªkb Gi Kg©xe„›`, miKvwi Kg©KZ©v, Ri“ix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vq RwoZ mKj e¨vw³ BZ¨vw`|

• wgwUs ïiæi c~‡e©B g~j djvdj Ges c×wZi mvims‡¶c wgwUsG AskMÖnYKvix‡ì gv‡S cvwV‡q w`‡Z †hb wgwUs Gi mgq Zviv ïaygvÎ mycvwi‡ki wel‡q Av‡jvPbvq gb‡hvM w`‡Z cv‡i|

• wcwmGgG Gi wi‡cvU© †`‡ki gv‡S †bUIqvK© (K¬v÷vi, mgšqK `j BZ¨vw`) Gi gva¨‡g Ges AbjvBb Gi gva¨‡g Qwo‡q w`‡Z n‡et †hgb

BGgGgG I‡qemvBU

gv‡K©Um Bb µvBwmm wWMÖæc

• hw` we‡kølY Lv`¨cY¨ A_ev cÖvmw½K †mev mg~‡ni mv‡_ mswkøó nq Z‡e wi‡cvU© wb‡æi gva¨g¸‡jv Øviv cÖPvwiZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡it

GdBWweIGmGbBwU Ges GdGI Gi †Møvevj Bbd‡g©kb GÛ Avwj© Iqvwb©s wm‡÷g (wRAvBBWweøIGm)

dzW wmK ywiwU K¬vóvi

• GB wi‡cvU© `y‡h©v‡Mi c~‡e© c`‡¶c MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ wewbqM Ki‡Z `vZv ms ’v Ges Kv›Uªx Awd‡m jwes Gi Rb¨ eëüZ n‡e| KZ mgq jvM‡e? mgMÖ wi‡cvU© wjL‡Z `yB †_‡K Pvi w`b jvM‡e| wKš‘ Gi cÖPviYv wcwmGgG eënv‡ii Lye cÖ_g †_‡KB ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mgMÖ g~j¨vqb cÖwµqvq Pj‡e|

Aa¨vq Pvi 11. evRvi ch©‡e¶Y

Aa¨vq 4t wcwmGgG nvjbvMv` Kiv GB Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

• evRvi `j ZË¡veavqb Ges c~e© mZK©Zv eë ’v/Avwj© Iqvwb©s wmm‡÷g (Early Warning) †K ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z

evRv‡ii wKQz wb‡`©kK kbv³ Ki‡e, Ges ch©‡e¶‡Yi GKwU cwiKíbv cÖ ‘Z Ki‡e|

68 | c„ôv

• evRvi `j cÖavb wb‡`©kK¸‡jv m¤c‡K© wm×všÍ wb‡e Ges evRv‡ii gvbwPÎ Ges wcwmGgG Gi nvjbvMv` Ki‡Y wb‡`©k

Ki‡e

• evRvi `‡ji cÖavb/`j‡bZv KLb Ges wKfv‡e wcwmGgG †K nvjbvMv` Ki‡Z n‡e, Ges Kvh©Kix wm×všÍ wb‡Z GB

nvjbvMv`K…Z Z_¨ wKfv‡e eënvi Kiv hvq Zv m¤c‡K© Rvb‡e|

11. evRvi ch©‡e¶Y


êwkó¨MZ w`K †_‡K evRvi cwieZ©bkxj, ZvB G‡K wbqwgZfv‡e ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e, `y‡h©vM NU‡Q wKbv Zv †`L‡Z| evRvi ch©‡e¶Y wb‡Pi welq¸‡jvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxqt

• nvjbvMv`K…r Z‡_ï gva¨‡g wcwmGgG †Z evRvi eë ’vi cwieZ©bkxj êwk‡óï mgšq NUv‡bv| GUv `ªæZ mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv ïiæ Ki‡Z Ges evRvi we‡k ølY‡K nvjbvMv` Ki‡Z, Ges mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ evRvi eë ’vi cwieZ©b‡K aviY Ki‡Z ev Íevqb Kiv n‡e|

• wewfbœ mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ‡K wb‡`©k Ki‡e GKwU wbw`©ó mgq mxgvi mv‡_ `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq †Kvb ai‡Yi mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv ev Íevqb Kiv n‡e|

• wKQz evRvi wb‡`©kK hy³ Kivi gva¨‡g A_ev we‡køl‡Yi djvdj eënvi K‡i GKwU Avwj© Iqvwb©s wm‡÷g/ c~e© mZK©Zv eë ’v cÖwZôv Kivi mycvwi‡ki gva¨‡g we`¨gvb Avwj© Iqvwb©s wm‡÷g/ c~e© mZK©Zv eë ’v Gi nvjbvMv` KiY|

• evRvi we‡kølY eënvi †_‡K cÖvß mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z n‡et

cÖ`vbK…r mnvqZvi g~j¨vqb eZ©gv‡b ch©vß Av‡Q Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z

cY¨` ª‡eï gvb Ges cÖvc¨Zv cÖK‡íi ïiæ‡Z †hgb fv‡jv wQj AvšÍZ †Zgb fv‡jv i‡q‡Q Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z

wbe©vwPZ mieiv‡ni c×wZi Pjgvb wbf©zjZv g~j¨vq‡b Ae`vb ivL‡Z

cÖKí evRv‡i †Kvb ¶wZ Ki‡Q bv Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z(‡hgb- cÖvwß‡hvM¨ mieiv‡n‡K UcKv‡bv, myweav‡fvMx bq Ggb RbM‡Yi Rb¨ g~j¨ e„w×, GKgvwjKvbv Ae ’vi m„wó, gy`ªvùxwZi m„wó BZ¨vw`)

’vbxq A_©bxwZ‡Z cÖK‡íi e„nËi eû¸YKvix cÖfve g~j¨vq‡b mnvqZv Kiv



• ch©‡e¶Y Ges g~j¨vq‡bi †d«gIqvK© evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi wb‡`©kKmg~n‡K hy³ K‡i • evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ cwiKíbv, msMVb Ges ev‡RU Kiv nq GB av‡c KiYxq Ges wKfv‡e Kiv n‡e? 11.1 ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ cY¨ wbe©vPb wcwmGgG G eëüZ Ges evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ cY¨/‡mev mg~n GKB n‡e| g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h B‡Zvg‡a¨ bM` A_© Aby`v‡bi Rb¨ wgwbgvg G·‡cwÛPvi ev‡¯‹U (Minimum Expenditure Basket), cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨ A_ev c~‡e©i †cv÷-wWw÷ªweDkb gwbUwis Gi Dci wfwË K‡i wKQz wbw`©ó c‡Yï Rb¨ evRvi ch©‡e¶Y ev ÍevwqZ n‡q‡Q, wKš‘ Zv GL‡b wek`fv‡e cixw¶Z n‡e bv|

69 | c„ôv

11.2 evRvi wb‡`©kK/ m~PK kbv³KiY • wcwmGgG Gi gva¨‡g evRvi we‡k ølb Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi Dci wfwË K‡i evRv‡ii †Kvb wb‡`©kK‡K/

m~PK ch©‡e¶Y Kiv n‡e †m wel‡q wm×všÍ †bqv nq| wb‡`©kK/ m~PK wbe©vPb Ki‡Z, †Kvb wb‡ ©kKwU me‡P‡q †ewk AwbwðZ Ges cwieZ ©‡b †ewk ms‡e`x Zv kbv³ Ki‡Z n‡e, Ges †Kvb wb‡`©k‡Ki Dci wfwË K‡i †ewki fvM evRvi we‡kølY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

• GKB Kv‡Ri cybive„wË Giv‡Z evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi wb‡`©kK K¬v÷vi †j‡f‡j wPwýZ Ki‡Z n‡e| ZLb G‡RwÝ Zv‡ì WvUv †kqvwis Gi gva¨‡g Ae ’vi GKwU RvZxq ch©v‡qi wPÎ cv‡e, Ges Kvh©Ki G‡RwÝ¸‡jv evRvi eë ’vq Zv‡ì cÖfve m¤c‡K© m‡PZb nq| ‡hŠ_ evRvi ch©‡eÿ‡Yi D`vnviY DËi wmwiqvq, A‡bK G‡RwÝ †hŠ_ `ªe¨ g~j¨ ch©‡e¶Y ev Íevqb K‡iwQj ‡Uwej 10: evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi wb‡`©kK/m~PK mg~n

wb‡`©k‡Ki/ m~P‡Ki aiY/cÖKvi wb‡`©kK/ m~PK mg~n cwievi ch©v‡q wb‡`©kK/ m~PK evRv‡i ¯kix‡i/mivmwi AskMÖnY; evRv‡i AskMÖn‡Yi †¶‡Î

cwiev‡ii wbivcËv evRvi eë ’v ch©v‡q wb‡`©kK/ m~PK cÖwZ mßv‡n AÎ GjvKvq cÖ‡ekK…r cÖavb cY¨ enbKvix

UªvK/K‡›UBbv‡ii msL¨v evRv‡i Dcw ’Z cÖavb c‡Yï eëmvqx‡ì cÖKvi Ges msL¨v cÖavb c‡Yï weµq g~j¨ evRv‡i gRy` cÖavb cY¨ mg~n (cwigvY Ges gvb) eo eëmvqx‡ì eëmv‡qi cwigvY Ges cÖavb c‡Yï Rb¨ ev Íe evRv‡i †gvU eëmv‡qi cwigv‡Yi wnmve cÖavb c‡Yï Dr‡mi ’vb Ges †cÖvwKDi‡g›U ch©v‡q cvBKvwi `vg (‡h eëmvqx cY¨wU evRv‡i G‡b‡Q) cÖ`vb c‡Yï Rb¨ gRy‡ì gvÎv

evRvi ’vb ch©v‡q wb‡`©kK/ m~PK evwY‡Rï Rb¨ Kvh©Ki Ges †Lvjv Av‡Q Ggb iv Ív/mxgvbv; †h‡¶‡Î evRv‡i cÖPzi cY¨ Avgv`vwb Ki‡Z nq †m‡¶‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ (‡hgb- wmwiqv A_ev †jevbb G) eëmv‡qi g~j gva¨g (bM` A_©, wewbgq) kn‡i gRy‡ì aviY ¶gZv


• evRvi ch©‡e¶Y wcwmGgG Gi wfwË‡Z cwiKwíZ cÖK‡íi ch©‡e¶Y Ges g~j¨vqb †d«gIqvK© Gi GKwU Dcv`vb n‡Z cv‡i| mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv we‡køl‡Yi ev‡R‡U evRvi ch ©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ ch©vß Dcv`v‡bi cwiKíbv ivL‡Z n‡e, GB LiP ¸‡jv we‡ePbvq †i‡Lt Uz‡ji cwiKíbv Ges cÖ ‘wZ, we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ WvUv‡eR c Ö ‘Z, Uz‡ji wcÖw›Us LiP/WvUv msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ bZzb cÖhyw³i eënvi, WvUv msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ gvbe m¤c`, WvUv we‡kølY Ges wi‡cvU© wjLv

• A‡bK mgq, evRvi ch©‡e¶Y wKQz cÖavb c‡Yï g~‡jï ch©‡e¶‡Yi gv‡SB mxgve× _v‡K, hv me©wb¤œ kZ©| memgq evRvi m¤c‡K© jwRw÷K `‡ji Ávb eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e|`ªe¨ g~j¨ AvÂwjK, RvZxq Ges m¤¢e n‡j AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e (c‡Yï cÖKv‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i), †h‡nZz Giv ’vbxq evRvi‡K D‡j øL‡hvM¨ fv‡e cÖfvweZ K‡i| e· 12: `ªe¨g~j¨ ch©‡eÿY

70 | c„ôv

wb‡¤œ `ªe¨g~‡jï c©h‡e¶‡Yi wKQz mnvwqKv †`qv njt mvgÄm¨Zv wbwðZKiYt hLb `ªe¨g~j¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡e ZLb wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h Zviv cwigv‡ci Awfbœ GK‡K _v‡K| `ªe¨¸‡jvi PwiÎ, gvb, RvZ, BZ¨vw` GKB n‡e| G‡¶‡Î cÖwZevi GKB eëmvqx †_‡K Z_¨ wb‡Z n‡e| Awbqg cix¶v Kivt hw` †Kvb GKwU GKK c‡Yï `vg Ab¨vb¨ c‡Yï †_‡K A‡bK †ekx A_ev Kg nq Z‡e g‡b Ki‡Z n‡e GLv‡b m¤¢eZ fzj Av‡Q| G‡¶‡Ît • `ªe¨g~j¨ mwVKfv‡e cwigv‡ci GK‡K iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q wKbv Zv cybivq cix¶v Kiv • hw` ªe¨g~j¨ mwVKfv‡e iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q _v‡K Z‡e, †mB `ªe¨g~j¨ wVK Av‡Q wKbv Zv cix¶v Kiv, hw` m¤¢e nq GKRb cÖavb Z_¨ `vZvi mv‡_ K_v ejv • hw` g~j¨ mwVK nq, Z‡e eëmvqx‡ì mv‡_ `ªe¨g~‡jï cv_©‡Kï KviY Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e| mgMÖ mgq e¨vwc cÖwZwU c‡Yï Mo g~j¨ wba©viY Kiv| `ªe¨g~‡jï wmRbvwjwU m¤c‡K© m‡PZb _vKv- FZz cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ ªe¨g~‡jïI cwieZ©b N‡U, ZvB hLb `ªe¨g~j¨ ch©‡e¶Y Kiv nq ZLb ˆZwi Kiv wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi eënvi Kiv Riæix| GB eQ‡ii Rb¨ `ªe¨g~‡jï cwieZ©b ¯vfvweK wKbv, A_ev GB cwieZ©b ¯vfvweKfv‡e cÖZ¨vwkZ cwiw ’wZi †P‡q †ekx/Kg Zv eySvi Rb¨ †idv‡iÝ eQ‡ii mv‡_ `ªe¨g~‡jï cwieZ©b‡K Zzjbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

wba©vwiZ g~j¨ Ges Avmj g~‡jï cv_©K¨ m¤c‡K© m‡PZb _vKv| hLb weµZv KZ©…K cÖ`Ë `vg †Kvb ì`vg cÖwµqvi djvdj nq, ªe¨g~j¨ ch©‡e¶‡Yi mgq msM„nxZ g~j¨ n‡Z cv‡i wba©vwiZ g~j¨, (‡hgb hvi gva¨‡g ì`vg ïiæ nq), Ab¨w`‡K mwVK g~j¨ †hgb, hv Aby`v‡bi cwigvY Ges m¤¢ve¨ gy`ªvùxwZi wbf©zjZv ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z AwaK cÖ‡qvRbxq| G‡¶‡Î wba©vwiZ `ªe¨g~j¨ †mme †µZv‡ì mv‡_ µm †PK K‡i wb‡Z n‡e| `ªe¨g~‡jï ch©‡e¶Y †K cigv‡bi ch©‡e¶‡Yi mv‡_ GKwÎZ Ki‡Z n‡e, †h‡nZz evRvi g~‡jï cÖeYZv (market price trends) we‡kølY cwigv‡bi cÖeYZv (volume trends) we‡kølY Qvov m¤¢e bq| `ªe¨g~‡jï ch©‡e¶Y m¤cwK©Z Av‡iv Z_¨ Rvb‡Z (hwÌ Zv Lv`¨ `ªe¨ ch©‡e¶‡Yi gv‡SB mxgve×) gvK©BU `ªóe¨|

• evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi †d«gIqvK© wcwmGgG wi‡cvU© G hy³ Ki‡Z n‡e (‡mKkb 7t wcwmGgG wi‡cvU© U¨vg‡cU `ªóe¨)|

11.3 WvUv msMÖn msMwVZ Kiv

• cÖ_‡gB †m‡KÛvix WvUv wiwfI Gi gva¨‡g cÖvß Z_¨ wiwfI K‡i †bqvt

GdBWweøDGmGbBwU A_ev WweøDGdwcGg (we‡kl K‡i Lv`¨ ª‡eï Rb¨)


ªe¨g~‡jï MwZ ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z KbwRDgvi cÖvBR Bb‡W· (wmwcAvB) mvgwóK A_©bxwZi GKwU wb‡`©kK/m~PK - wba©vwiZ `ªe¨/‡mevi cwigv‡Yi †fv³v KZ©…K cÖ`Ë LyPiv g~‡jï mvgwMÖK cwieZ©b‡K cwigv‡ci GKwU wb‡`©kK| GKwU wbqwgZ mg‡qi weiwZ‡Z (mvavibZ gvwmK) GKB cwigv‡Yi cY¨ Ges †mevi g~‡jï cybtwba©vi‡Yi gva¨‡g, Ges mvgwMÖK LiP‡K GKwU wbe©vwPZ mg‡q wbw`©ó cwigv‡Yi cY¨ `ª‡eï Li‡Pi mv‡_ Zzjbvi gva¨‡g `ªe¨g~‡jï cwieZ©b cwigvc Kiv hvq| wmwcAvB mvaviYZ RvZxq ch©v‡q msMÖn Kiv hvq|

• evRvi ’vb wbe©vPb Ggb RvqMvq Ki‡Z n‡e †hLv‡b WvUv msMÖn Kiv n‡e| †mKkb 4t g~j¨vq‡bi cwiwa Ges Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vq cÖ`Ë êwkó¨¸‡jv eënvi Kiv hvq|

• eëmvqx‡ì kbv³ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡ì KvQ †_‡K WvUv msMÖn Kiv n‡e| cÖwZwU c‡Yï Rb¨ wZb †_‡K cvuP Rb LyPiv we‡µZv †K kbv³ Ki‡Z n‡e, we‡kl K‡i cÖwZevi gvV cwi`k©‡bi mgq GKB eëmvqx wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e, wKš‘ eëmvqx‡ì "nqivwb" †_‡K mveavb _vK‡Z n‡e| eëmvqx wbe©vP‡bi msL¨v Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Øviv cY¨ weµ‡qi msL¨vi Dci wbf©i K‡i| hw` wZbwU c‡Yï g~j¨ ch©‡e¶Y Kiv nq, Ges mKj eëmvqx mKj cY¨ weµq K‡i, †m‡¶‡Î wZb †_‡K cvuP Rb eëmvqx‡ì KvQ †_‡K WvUv msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| hw`, GK GKRb weµZv ïaygvÎ GKwU

71 | c„ôv

cY¨B weµq K‡i, Z‡e WvUv msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ †gvU bq †_‡K c‡bi Rb eëmvqxi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e (cÖwZwU c‡Yï Rb¨ wZb †_‡K cvuP Rb eëmvqx)| †Kvb †¶‡Î †hLv‡b evRvi wfwËK mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv ev Íevq‡b cY¨ mieiv‡ni c×wZ wn‡m‡e fvDPvi eënvi Kiv n‡”Q, †mLv‡b GUv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, g~j¨vq‡b AskMÖnYKvix Ges AskMÖnYKvix bq Ggb †fÛi‡ì KvQ †_‡K Z_¨ msMÖn Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi d‡j ¯v¶vZKvi MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ †fÛ‡ii msL¨v e„w× cv‡e|

• WvUv msMÖ‡ni cybive„‡Ëi nvi wba©viY Kivt GUv cÖv_wgK evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi ewjôZv (robustness), Ae ’vi AwbðqZv, Ges cÖK‡íi ch©v‡qi (cÖK‡íi cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q WvUv msMÖn AwaKevi msMwVZ n‡Z cv‡i) Dci wbf©i K‡i| cybive„‡Ëi m~PK n‡Z cv‡it

ªe¨g~‡jï ch©‡e¶Yt mßv‡n GK evi †_‡K gv‡m GK evi| wWw÷ªweDkb K¨v‡jÛv‡ii Dci wfwË K‡i ch©‡e¶‡Yi w`b wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e;

cwievi wfwËK evRvi m¤cwK©Z wb‡`©kK/m~PKmg~n, cÖK‡íi jwRK¨vj †d«gIqvK© Øviv wb‡`©wkZ Ab¨b¨ cwievi wfwËK wb‡`©k‡Ki mv‡_ GKB mg‡q cwigvc Ki‡Z n‡e;

evRv‡ii mvavib Kvh©KvwiZvi wb‡`©kKt cÖwZ gv‡m GKevi †_‡K cÖwZ Qq gv‡m GKev‡ii gv‡S;

• WvUv msMÖ‡ni Uzj kYv³ Ki‡Z n‡e Ges, hZUv m¤¢e, cÖK‡íi GgBGGj (MEAL) Gi gva¨‡g msM„nxZ evRv‡ii WvUv‡K mgwšZ Kivt evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi wbw`©ó Uzj cÖ ‘Z Kivi †P‡q cÖK‡íi WvUv msMÖ‡ni Uz‡ji mv‡_ evRv‡ii †jÝ eënvi Kiv|

11.4 evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi djvdj‡K we‡k ølY Kiv

• mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqvi ïiæ‡ZB GKwU mgqmxgv wba©viY K‡i †`qv †h mg‡qi gv‡S †cÖvMÖvg g~j¨/cigv‡Yi cwieZ©b‡K j¶¨ Ki‡e Ges Gi e¨vL¨v w`‡e| gv‡m gv‡m 30% cwieZ©b w`‡q ïiæ Kiv hvq, `yB mßv‡ni ch©‡e¶‡Yi cwiKíbvq 15% cwieZ©b, A_ev mßv‡n mßv‡n 7.5% cwieZ©b Øviv ïiæ Kiv hvq|


• wewfbœ cÖavb c‡Yï g~j¨ Pv‡U© ’vcb Kiv| hw` evwY‡Rï cwigvb‡K ch©‡e¶Y Kiv nq Z‡e ZvI Pv‡U© ’vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|

• wb‡¤œ g~j¨ Ges cwigv‡Yi cwieZ©‡bi wKQz cÖavb m¤¢ve¨ KviY we‡k ølY Kiv njt cY¨ GKwU/wKQz AwaK/me

evR

vi

GK

wU/w

KQz

• wmRbvwjwU • AvÂwjK mieiv‡n `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve • eëmvqx‡ì ¶gZv/Kvh©KvwiZv • c`‡¶c

• wmRbvwjwU • AvÂwjK mieiv‡n `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve • Pvwn`vq y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve • eëmvqx‡ì ¶gZv/Kvh©KvwiZv • c`‡¶c

Awa

K/m

e

• wmRbvwjwU • AvÂwjK mieiv‡n `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve • wek¦e¨vcx Lv`¨`ª‡eï g~j¨

• wmRbvwjwU • mieiv‡n AwaK gvÎvq `y‡h©v‡Mi

cÖfve

72 | c„ôv

wet`ªt wbqg bxwZ (policies), gy`ªvùxwZ, wewbgq nvi Ges R¡vjvwbi g~j¨ cwieZ©‡bi mv‡_ `ªe¨g~‡jï cwieZ©b hy³ wKš‘ GB cÖfveK¸‡jv GLv‡b wek` fv‡e Av‡jvwPZ n‡e bv|

• `ªe¨g~j¨ Ges cwigv‡Yi ZviZ‡gï Kvi‡Yi Dcmsnvi Uvb‡Z wbqwš¿Z evRvi ev wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi eënvi Kiv hvq, A_ev †dvKvm MÖæc wWmKvkb Gi eë ’v Kiv hvq A_ev eëmvqx ev †UªW BDwbq‡bi ¯v¶vZKvi †bqv hvq| wek` we‡kølY gvK©BU G cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| 11.5 `xN© †gqv`x Uz‡ji wel‡q AewnZ Kwi‡q †`qv

• wcwmGgG cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g msM„nxZ Z_¨ ïaygvÎ †Kvb `y‡h©v‡Mi AvKw¯§K AvNv‡Zi †¶‡Î cÖ ‘wZ MÖnY Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi Rb¨B eëüZ nq bv eis ªæZ cybiæ×vi/`xN© †gqv`x evRvi M‡elYv- †hgb kªg evRvi we‡k øl‡Y eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i|

• wbw`©ó evRv‡i `y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’vi Kvh©µg m¤c‡K© aviYv gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi Kg©x, cybe©vmb Ges Dbœqb †m±‡ii Kg©iZ Kg©x‡ì AeKvVv‡gvi fv‡jv cybe©vmb, Kg©ms ’v‡bi my‡hvM Ges Dchy³ cwi‡ek ˆZwi Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| kªg evRvi m¤c‡K© †mf `¨v wP‡ìªb, AvBAviwm Ges gvwm© Kc©m Gi mv¤cÖwZK mnvwqKv "‡jevi gv‡K©U A¨vbvjvBwmm Bb wnD‡gwb‡Uwiqvb Kb‡U·U, G †cÖw±kbvi'm MvBW" wKfv‡e y‡h©vMc~e© Ae ’v Ges BGgGgG Gi Z_¨ `xN© †gqv`x †cÖvMÖvg cwiKíbvq eënvi Kiv hvq Zv Av‡jvPbv K‡i| KZ mgq jvM‡e? DwjøwLZ wb‡`©kK¸‡jv 1.5 †_‡K 2 N›Uvi wgwUs Gi gva¨‡gB AwR©Z nq| jwRw÷K `j †h‡nZz ªe¨g~j¨ Ges evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi mv‡_ hy³ wQj ZvB Zv‡ì‡K GB av‡c †K hy³ Kivi K_v wPšÍv Kiv hvq| e Íefv‡e, wb‡`©kK kbv³KiY, gv‡Vi Kv‡Ri †k‡l `yB w`‡bi Kg©kvjvi GKwU Ask n‡Z cv‡i| evRv‡ii mnvwqKv ch©‡e¶Y wb‡RB GKwU Pjgvb cÖwµqv|

Aa¨vq Pvi 12. †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ nvjbvMv`KiY

12. †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ nvjbvMv`KiY

GB Aa¨v‡qi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv

GKwU wcwmGgG `ywU wfbœ mg‡q njbvMv`K…r n‡Z cv‡it 1) hLb Aby‡gq `y‡h©vM AvNvZ K‡i, Ges 2) hLb Ae ’v Ggb fv‡e cwiewZ©Z nq †h, cwieZ©b ¸‡jv wbqwgZ/¯^vfvweK evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi gva¨‡g aviY Kiv m¤¢e nq bv| GB `ywU Ae ’vi cÖ‡Z¨KwUi m~PK, e¨vwß Ges D‡Ïk¨ wfbœ nq|

GB Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l wK AwR©Z n‡e?

• evRvi KwgwUi cÖavb Rb‡eb KLb Ges wKfv‡e wcwmGgG nvjbvMv` Ki‡Z nq

• G‡RwÝ ch©v‡q nvwjbvMv` Kivi cwiKíbv wjwcwe× n‡e


12.1 hw`/hLb y‡h©vM AvNvZ K‡i ZLb `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ (crisis map) nvjbvMv`KiY

73 | c„ôv

• hLb `y‡h©vM AvNvZ K‡i, evRv‡ii †eRjvBb cÖvmw½K _vK‡e Ges y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwP‡Îi/wPÎvq‡bi (crisis map) w`‡K nvjbvMv`KiY cÖwµqv bRi w`‡e| `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwP‡Îi/wPÎvq‡bi (crisis map) w`‡K nvjbvMv`Ki‡Yi D‡Ïk¨ n‡e Riæix Ae ’vi evRv‡i `y‡h©v‡Mi Kvw•¶Z cÖfve we‡kølY‡K hvPvB Kiv, Ges Z`vbyhvqx mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv nvjbvMv` Kiv|

• `y‡h©vM Gi wPÎ nvjbvMv` Kiv bZzb fv‡e Pvwn`v wbiƒcY ïiæ Kivi w`‡K wb‡`©k Kiv

• wcwmGgG Gi Aw ÍZ¡ evRvi, evRv‡ii G±i Ges Afxó/jw¶Z RbM‡Yi Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve‡K Av‡iv `ªæZ we‡kølY Kivi m¤§wZ †`q, Ges Z`vbyhvqx evRvi mPZbZvwfwËK y‡h©v‡M mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZi cwiKíbv Kiv|

• `y‡hv©‡Mi Rb¨, ïaygvÎ `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq‡K we‡k ølY Kivi Rb¨ wcwmGgG †Z †h hyw³ eëüZ n‡qwQj Zv eënvi Kiv hvq| †h‡nZz `j‡K B‡Zvg‡a¨ cÖwk¶Y †`qv n‡q †M‡Q, cÖavb G±iMY kbv³ n‡q‡Q- BZ¨vw` Kvi‡Y, GUv hZUv m¤¢e mvgwMÖK we‡køl‡Yi †P‡q `ªæZ Ki‡Z n‡e| D‡Ïk¨ n‡e, mvgwMÖK g~j¨vqb Ges we‡kølY †evSvi †P‡q ev ÍeZv cix¶v Kiv|

Aa¨vq Pvi 12. †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ nvjbvMv`KiY ev Íe D`vnviY †mvgvwjqvq AvBAviwm Gi wcwmGgG nvjbvMv` Ki‡Yi cwiKíbv b‡f¤i 2015, †mvgvwjqvq wcwmGgG ev Íevq‡bi mgq AvBAviwm wb¤œy³ welq¸‡jv njbvMv` Ki‡Z cwiKíbv K‡iwQjt gyMvw`my‡Z `y‡h©v‡M ¶z`ª Ges gvSvwi ai‡Yi ’vbP ywZi/¯’vbvšÍ‡ii (displacement) mgq (4000 ev Gi †_‡KI Kg cwievi ¶wZMÖ Í nq), ZLb Lye ªæZ y‡h©vM cieZ©x evRvi g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡qwQj| ev ÍweKfv‡e, GUv cwi®‹vi †h, †h‡Kvb gvbweK mvnv‡hï c~‡e©B ’vbP yZ/¯’vbvšÍwiZ cwievi¸‡jv mwi‡q wb‡Z n‡e| GB g~j¨vqbwU GK w`b ev Zv‡iv Kg mg‡qi gv‡S Lye †QvU GKwU `j Øviv (4-10 Rb m`m¨) Kiv n‡qwQj | KviY GB g~j¨vq‡b evRvi eë ’vi e„nr cwieZ©‡bi M‡elYv gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi cY¨`ª‡eï gva¨‡g mnvqZvi (in-kind humanitarian assistance) mv‡_ RwoZ, Ges e„nËi w`K †_‡K GUv cÖZ¨vkv Kiv nq †h, Av‡iv A‡bK evRvi eë ’vi cwi‡cÖw¶‡Z †Kvb mvnvh¨ e›U‡bi c~‡e©B GUv ¯vfvweKfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ ’vbP ywZi gZ Kvh©Ki _vK‡e| GB Kvi‡Y, eZ©gvb wi‡cv‡U©i evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi mnvwqKvB h‡_ó, wb¤œy³ wKQz wb‡`©kbv Gi mv‡_ hy³ nqt (1) 2-3 wU ¶z`ª evRvi ’vb ch©‡e¶Y †h¸‡jv LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y© K¨v¤c G emevmKvix gvb y‡li Rb¨ †hLv‡b AvBwWwc ’vbvšÍwiZ n‡q‡Q; (2) hw` wbivc` nq, Z‡e evRvi ’vb ¯kix‡i ch©‡e¶Y Kiv; (3) hw` `‡ji AvKvi Avby‡gv`b †`q, Z‡e AwaK msL¨K wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii †fÛi Ges evRvi ’v‡bi cÖwZwbwai (‡hgb- evRvi eë ’vcK/evRv‡ii g¨v‡bRvi) ¯v¶vZKviMÖnY; (4) AviGGg Gi 8 Ges 9 b¤i Uzj wKwÂZ Av‡iv we Í…Z cÖkœvejx cÖ ‘Z Ki‡Z mnRfv‡e eëüZ n‡e, GB cÖkœvejx evRv‡ii cwi‡ek Ges AeKvVv‡gv, BbcyU, Ges †mevi Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve m¤c‡K© AbymÜvb K‡i; Ges (5) AvBwWwc K¨v¤c Gi Pvwn`v wbiƒcY †hme eëmvqx‡ì eëmvq GB ’vbP ywZi Kvi‡Y ¶wZMÖ Í/aŸsm n‡q‡M‡Q Zv‡ì mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z cÖkœ¸‡jv hy³ Ki‡e †hb GB Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ m¤¢ve¨ evRvi mnvqZv m¤c‡K© Z_¨ w`‡Z cv‡i| we‡kl K‡i, GB cÖk¸‡jv eëmv‡qi ¶wZi gvÎv Ges Ae ’v m¤c‡K© Z_¨ w`‡e| m¤c~Y© wcwmGgG wi‡cvU© GLv‡b `ªóe¨|

74 | c„ôv

• hw` Aby‡gq g~j¨ Ges ch©‡ew¶Z g~‡jï gv‡S A‡bK cv_©K¨ _v‡K Z‡e Av‡iv AwaK e¨vwß wewkó wcwmGgG Gi wel‡q we‡ePbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

• hw` y‡h©vMc~‡e©, †h y‡h©vM Abygvb Kiv n‡qwQj Zv bv nq, A_ev hw` ¶wZMÖ Í RbM‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`v, wcwmGgG †Z kbv³K…Z Pvwn`v †_‡K wfbœ nq, ZLb y‡h©vM cieZ©x mg‡qi evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi Uzj (BGgGgG, GgGwR BZ¨vw`) eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e| G‡¶‡Î wcwmGgG Gi djvdj mg~n c Ö‡qvRbxq n‡e Ges †m‡KÛvix WvUv wn‡m‡e eëüZ n‡Z cv‡i|

12.2 Ae ’vi hw` e¨cK cwieZ©b nq Z‡e wcwmGgG cybwe©‡ePbv Kiv

evRvi ch©‡e¶‡Yi gva¨‡g evRv‡ii cwieZ©bkxj êwkó¨‡K aviY Ki‡Z Ges wmRbvj Ges HwZnvwmK Ae ’v‡K (seasonal and historical trends) ch©‡e¶Y Ki‡Z mnvqZv K‡i, hv mvaviYZ axiMwZ m¤cbœ y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi mv‡_ cÖvmw½K| hvB‡nvK, Ae ’vi cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y bZzb GKwU wcwmGgG Gi ev Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e, D`vnvib ¯iƒc, hw` †`‡ki wfZ‡i evwYR¨ bxwZ‡Z e¨cK cwieZ©b N‡U, A_ev hw` we‡k øl‡Y A‡bK fzj Abygvb Kiv nq (‡hgb- Ggb GKwU `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v wbe©vPb Kiv n‡q‡Q hvi evRvi eë ’vi Dci †Kvb cÖfve †bB)| GUv mvaviYZ we‡køl‡Yi cÖv_wgK †KŠkjMZ eënv‡ii mgq RvZxq ch©v‡q Av‡jvPbv K‡i †bqv nq|

• G‡¶‡Î GB mnvwqKvq cÖ`Ë c×wZ‡Z GKwU bZzb wcwmGgG MÖnY Kiv hvq| `‡ji bZzb m`m¨‡K cÖwk¶Y †`qvi mgq GB myweavwU Kv‡R jvMv‡bv hvq|

Aa¨vq Pvi 12. †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ nvjbvMv`KiY

KZ mgq jvM‡e?

`y‡h©vM cieZ©x Ae ’vq, `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ/wPÎvqb nvjbvMv` Kiv Ges mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqvi mycvwik¸‡jv‡K `ªæZ, Pvwn`v wbiƒc‡Yi mv‡_ GK‡hv‡M we‡ePbv Kiv nq| KviY, GiB g‡a¨ wcwmGgG ev Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e, B‡Zvg‡a¨ `j‡K cÖwk¶Y †`qv n‡q †M‡Q, Ges ïaygvÎ `y‡h©v‡Mi gvbwPÎ nvjbvMv` Ki‡Z Ges mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqvi Rb¨ WvUv msMÖn Kiv n‡e - †hgb cwiKíbv‡K ev Íe Ae ’vi mv‡_ gy‡LvgyLx Kiv - mgMÖ wcwmGgG `yB †_‡K wZb w`‡bi gv‡S m¤cbœ Ki‡Z n‡e|

hw` Ae ’vi cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ wcwmGgG nvjbvMv` Kiv nq, Z‡e mgMÖ wcwmGgG Ki‡Z GKB mgq †`qv nqt cvuP †_‡K AvU w`b|

75 | c„ôv

RW©v‡b emevmKvix GKRb wmwiqvb gwnjv Lv`¨ ª‡eï Rb¨ GKwU gy`x †`vKv‡b evRvi Ki‡Q| RW©v‡bi A‡bK DØv ‘ cwievi cÖ‡qvRbxq †gŠwjK DcKiY µq Ki‡Z fvDPvi MÖnY K‡i‡Q|

A¨v‡b· wcwmGgG Gi G‡RÛvi bgybv

wcwmGgG Gi G‡RÛvi bgybv

• mv¤cÖwZK AwfÁZvi wfwË‡Z y‡h©vM evRvi we‡køl‡Y M‡o 11 wU m¤c~Y© w`b jv‡M (2 w`b cÖwk¶Y/K‡¶i gv‡S Kg©kvjv, 1 w`b gv‡Vi c Ö ‘wZ, 5 w`b gv‡Vi KvR, 1 w`b we‡kølY Kg©kvjv, 1 w`b Ab¨vb¨ we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨)| wKš‘, D`vnvib ¯iƒc, D‡Ïk¨ hw` nq ïay gvÎ †eRjvB‡bi Z_¨ †`qv Ges GKwU AwfÁ `‡ji gva¨‡g Zv ev Íevqb Kiv nq, Z‡e Zv 3 †_‡K 5 w`‡bi gv‡SB m¤cbœ Kiv nq| we‡k øl‡Yi wel‡q cwiKíbv †bqvi mgq me mgq wi‡cvU© wjLvi mgq‡K we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e| mvaviYZ we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZvi 2 †_‡K 3 w`b jv‡M GKwU wi‡cvU© wjL‡Z|

• c~‡e© D‡j øL Av‡Q †h, g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e eënv‡ii e¨vwß Gi D‡Ïk¨, c Ö‡qvRbxq Z‡_ï e¨vcKZv, Ges `j MV‡bi Dci e¨vcK fv‡e wbf©i K‡i| Rvbvi Pvwn`vi Dci wfwË K‡i GUv 1-2 Rb cÖwkw¶Z gvby‡li mvnv‡h¨ 2 A_ev 3 w`‡bi gv‡SB AwR©Z nq|

• A·dvg 2013 mv‡j †Kwbqvq mxwgZ mg‡qi gv‡S evRvi we‡kølY Kivi mgq wb¤œy³ G‡RÛv ¸‡jv eënvi K‡iwQj| 1g w`b 2q w`b 3q w`b 4_© - 7g w`b 8g w`b evRv‡ii †eRjvBb g~j¨vq‡bi cÖwk¶‡Yi m~Pbv

Kvh©Ki evRvi we‡køl‡Yi m~Pbv 2-evRvi eë ’vi aviYv †bqv Ges wPÎvqb

cÖv_wgK evRvi we‡kølY

WvUv msMÖn gv‡Vi djvdj †c Ö‡R›U Ges WvUv we‡ePbvq ivLv

Kvh©Ki evRvi we‡køl‡Yi m~Pbv 1- evRvi †Kb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

Kvh©Ki evRvi we‡køl‡Yi m~Pbv 3- `y‡h©vMKvjxb gvbwPÎ, cÖZ¨¶ Ges c‡iv¶ mvovcÖ`vb

evRvi we‡kølY - aviYv, hyw³ Ges wb‡`©kK

gv‡V `ycy‡ii Lvevi M¨vc Ges evRvi we‡kølY

evRv‡ii gva¨g wba©viY - bM` A_© Ges cY¨`ªe¨

`y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v wbe©vPb Ges Pvwn`v wbiƒcY

M¨vc we‡kølY WvUv msMÖn cÖK‡íi †gvUv‡gvwU aviYv

K¨vk UªvÝdv‡ii c×wZ

Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi wbe©vPb

gv‡Vi Kv‡Ri cÖ ‘wZ MÖæ‡c Av‡jvPbv Ges wewfbœ Uz‡ji

mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv Ges mycvwik

76 | c„ôv

nvjbvMv`KiYt †mRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi, GBPGBP †cÖvdvBj, Ges M¨vc we‡køl‡Yi †Uwej

bM` A_© cÖ`v‡bi c×wZ

g~j we‡kølYag©x cÖkœ AwZwi³ †mkb Ab¨ MÖæc‡K Rvbv‡bvt †cÖ‡R‡›Ukb, wKDG

evRvi ch©‡e¶Y Ges gvbwP‡Îi nvjbvMv`KiY Kg©cwiKíbv

A¨v‡b· wcwmGgG Gi wUIAvi (ToR) Gi bgybv

wcwmGgG Gi wUIAvi (ToR) Gi bgybv †Kwbqvq Avievb wcwmGgG wUIAvi - A·dvg g~j¨vq‡bi ZvwiLt 3-13 Ryb 2013 ev ÍevwqZ ms ’vt A·dvg, †Kwbqv AskMÖnYKvix ms ’vt KÝv©b Iqvì©IqvBW, B›Uvigb, †mf `¨v wP‡ìªb, gyiæKz ¬vgm †W‡fjc‡g›U cÖ‡R± (GgGmwWwc), Dgv‡Û Uªv÷, A·dvg ev‡RUt 18,000 BD‡iv D‡Ïk¨ we‡kølY

• `y‡h©v‡Mi Pvwn`v Ges ªæZ RxweKv cybiæ×v‡ii Pvwn`v c~i‡Y GKwU `ªæZ evRvi we‡køjl‡Yi gva¨‡g mwVK mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ (bM` A_©/cY¨-`ªe¨/evRv‡ii mn‡hvwMZv/Av‡jvPbv (cash/in-kind/market support/advocacy)) kvb³ Kiv

• evRvi we‡kølY, mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvq Gi eënvi Ges cwiKíbv †mB mv‡_ `y‡h©v‡Mi SzwK nªvm, `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©cÖ ‘wZ Ges m¤¢ve¨ NUbv we‡køl‡Y A·dvg wRwe Gi `¶Zv e„w× Kiv

• gvwb‡q †bqvi we`¨gvb †KŠkj m¤c‡K© A·dv‡gi aviYv evov‡bv Ges GB me Lvc LvB‡q †bqvi †KŠkj‡K Av‡iv kw³kvjx Kivi c×wZ m¤c‡K© †cÖvMÖg‡K AewnZ Kiv

• D‡j øL¨ †h, Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ RvZxq ch©v‡q `¶Zv e„w×, †hLv‡b m¤¢e AbymÜvb wbwðZ Ki‡Z A·dv‡gi ’vbxq ev ÍevqbKvix Askx`vi ms ’v mg~n GgGmwWwc (MSDP), Dgv‡Û Uªv÷ (Umande Trust), A·dv‡gi Iqvk, BGdGmGj Ges mnvqZvKvix Kg©x mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv we‡køl‡Y Ges mycvwik ˆZwi Ki‡Z Ask wb‡e| djvdj

• mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqv evRvi we‡køl‡Yi GKwU cÖavb BbcyU wn‡m‡e evRvi we‡køl‡Yi ¸iæZ¡ Abyaveb Ki‡e Ges GB we‡kølY‡K `y‡h©v‡M SzuwK nªvm mn y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©c Ö ‘wZ, m¤¢vf¨ NUbvi cwiKíbv Ges cÖK‡íi cwiKíbv (wmwUwc Ges/A_ev cY¨`ªe¨) Ki‡Z eënvi Kiv n‡e|

• Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi we‡k ølY cwiKíbv Ges †eRjvBb m¤cbœ Kiv nq, hv bvB‡ivwei wbqg weiæ× RbemwZi (informal sattlements) Dci †Kvb `xN©‡gqv`x `y‡h©v‡Mi AvNv‡Z mvovcÖ`v‡bi mwVK cwiKíbv Ki‡Z Z_¨ w`‡q mnvqZv K‡i Ges †mB mv‡_ `y‡h©v‡Mi c~e©c Ö ‘wZ, m¤¢ve¨ Ae ’vi cwiKíbv Ges `y‡h©v‡M SzuwK nªvm (‡hLv‡b m¤¢e) Gi wel‡q Z_¨ w`‡e|

• evRvi eë ’vi Z‡_ï †eRjvBb nvjbvMv` Ki‡Z Ges `y‡h©v‡M mvovcÖ`v‡bi cwiKíbv we‡k ølY Kivi Rb¨ cÖvmw½K wb‡`©kK kbv³ Kiv

77 | c„ôv

• mgMÖ cÖK‡íi mgqKv‡j `y‡h©v‡Mi wbw`©ó c~e©cÖ ‘wZ, y‡h©vM Ges cybiæ×v‡ii Ae ’vi Dci wfwË K‡i wewfbœ ai‡Yi Dchy³ cÖZ¨¶ Ges c‡iv¶ c`‡¶‡ci mgš‡q D™¢vebx †cÖvMÖvwgs Gi cÖ Ívebv †`q|

A¨v‡b· wcwmGgG Gi wUIAvi (ToR) Gi bgybv evRvi we‡køl‡Yi djvdj (outputs)

g¨c/gvbwPÎ/wPÎvqb (mapping) mn wbe©vwPZ Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’vi `y‡h©vM c~e© Ae ’vi wi‡cvU©, cÖavb djvdj Ges mycvwik| Kv›Uªx g¨v‡bR‡g›U Uxg Ges Avievb fvjbvwiwewjwU †dvivg/bvB‡ivwei K‡›Ub‡RwÝ nve Gi Ab¨vb¨ ewnivMZ †÷K‡nvìvi‡ì Kv‡Q cÖavb djvdj Ges mycvwik †cÖ‡R›U Kiv P‚ovšÍ wi‡cvU© (m¤c~Y© we‡kølY Ges mycvwik mn) we‡kølY `‡ji `j‡bZv Øviv m¤cbœ n‡e| wi‡cvU© P‚ovšÍ Kivi mgq y‡h©vM c~e© evRvi we‡køl‡Yi g~j¨vqb `‡ji m`m¨/`j‡bZv †h‡Kvb ai‡Yi U¨vKwb‡Kj †mKkb m¤cwK©Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| ‡fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv GB K‡Ri cÖavb ‡fŠ‡MvwjK GjvKv - evRv‡ii G±i‡ì wPÎvwqZ Ki‡Z bvB‡ivwei KvQvKvwQ gyKziæi A‰ea RbemwZ ch©‡e¶Y we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ Riæix evRvi eë ’v m¤¢ve¨ we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ mvgwqK fv‡e Riæix Ae ’vi wb¤œy³ evRvi mg~n wbe©vwPZ Kiv n‡qwQj| evRvi we‡køl‡Yi P‚ovšÍ wm×všÍ we‡køl‡Yi cÖ_g w`‡bi ci †bqv n‡e|

• f‚Ævi gq`v

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• Fb †mev we‡køl‡bi Rb¨ `j AvbygvwbK 15-18 Rb AskMÖnYKvix, 8 Rb AvšÍR©vwZK Kg©x mn me AskMÖnYKvix Bs‡iRx‡Z †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z m¶g n‡e Ges ’vbxq Kg©x mIwnwj fvlvq K_v ej‡e cÖv_wgKfv‡e mnvqZv cÖ`vb/cÖwk¶Y Bs‡iRx‡Z n‡e| g~j¨vq‡bi mgq Ges IqvwK©s AvIqvi

• Ryb 3-13, 2013| wb‡¤œi mgqZvwjKv ªóe¨

• cÖwZw`b `xN© mgq KvR Kivi Rb¨ AskMnYKvixMY Aek¨B cÖ ‘Z _vK‡e|

• mgqgZ KvR †kl Ki‡Z Ges wi‡cv‡U©i Kvw•¶Z eY©bv Ges gvb wbwðZ Ki‡Z g~j¨vq‡bi mgMÖ mg‡q, Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b †Kvb wewiwZ QvovB mKj AskMÖnYKvix KvR Ki‡Z m¤§Z n‡e| †Kvb welq eyS‡Z mgm¨v n‡j A_ev †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq Av‡jvPbvi cÖ‡qvRb nq Z‡e Zv m¤c‡K© Z_¨ w`‡Z n‡e| †hvMv‡hvM

• AwaKvsk Kg©xi eëüZ ’vbxq †gvevBj †dvb b¤î _vK‡e| evRvi we‡kølY ch©‡e¶‡Yi Rb¨ AvMZ AvšÍR©vwZK Kg©xi Rb¨ ’vbx wmg KvW© cÖ‡qvRb n‡e|

• gv‡Vi Kv‡Ri ïiæi mgq, AskMÖnYKvix‡ì †gvevBj b¤i msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mevB‡K w`‡Z n‡e cÖkvmwbK mnvqZv Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY evRvi `j‡K bvB‡ivwei Awdm wb¤œy³ DcKiY cÖ`vb Ki‡e

• Awd‡mi RvqMv Ges wcÖ›Uvi I d‡UvKwc †gwk‡bi eënv‡ii AbygwZ

• wd¬cPvU© Ges †jLvi KvMRcÎ I Ab¨vb¨ miÄvg

• †cÖ‡R‡›Uk‡bi Rb¨ WvUv †cÖv‡R±i Ges j¨vcUc

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• fvovq Rvbevnb

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78 | c„ôv

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79 | c„ôv

A¨v‡b· †m‡KÛvix WvUv wiwfI Gi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I‡qemvBU

†m‡KÛvix WvUv wiwfI Gi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I‡qemvBU gv‡K©Um Bb µvBwmm Kg ywbwU Ad c ©vKwUm jvB‡eªwi BGgGgG I‡qemvBU dzW wmwKDwiwU K¬v÷vi wiwjd I‡qet mvaviY Z_¨ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi cwiw ’wZi g¨vc (‡`‡ki Af¨šÍ‡i Ges †m±i Øviv Av‡qvwRZ), IwmGBPG Ae ’vi wi‡cvU©, K¬v÷vi wi‡cvU© GdBWweøDGm-GbBwUt Lv`¨ wbivcËv m¤cwK©Z Z_¨, RxweKv †Rvb Ges gv‡K©U †cÖvdvB‡ji Z_¨, evRvi Ges evwYR¨ m¤cwK©Z Z_¨, Lv`¨ wbivcËv, evwYR¨ cÖev‡ni wPÎ AvBwcwmt ’vbxq wbivcËvi Z‡_ï Rb¨ Lv`¨ wbivcËvi wewfbœ c‡e©i †kªbxwefv‡Mi mgšq g¨vc-GKkbt g¨vc Ges †UKwbK¨vj Z_¨, †hgb evwYR¨ cÖev‡ni Z_¨ BDGbIwmGBPGt "‡K Ki‡e, Kx Ki‡e, †Kv_vq Ki‡e" †hvMv‡hvM eë ’vcbv wW‡i±wi jM - K¬v÷vit gv‡Vi KvR, iv Ívi Ae ’v Ges gvV ch©‡e¶‡Yi mgq, g¨vc Ges mieivnKvixi WvUv‡eR m¤cwK©Z jwM÷K Z_¨ †`q BDwb‡mdt wkï‡ì Pvwn`vi Dci j¶¨ †i‡L Avf¨šÍixb mvgwMÖK Z‡_ï Rb¨, we‡kl K‡i cvwb Ges ¯v ’ëë ’v, ¯v ’¨ LvZ, cwiev‡ii Acwinvh© DcKiY BZ¨vw` Z‡_ï Rb¨ WweøDGdwct Lv`¨ wbivcËv msµvšÍ wel‡qi Z‡_ï Rb¨, wmGdGmwfG Ges wmBGmGGg Gi wi‡cvU©, fvjbv‡iwewjwU A¨vbvjvBwmm GÛ g¨vwcs Gi Lv`¨ wbivcËvi m¤c~Y© wi‡cvU© GdGI wRAvBBWweøDGmt mvaviY Lv`¨` ª‡eï WvUvi Rb¨ (GLv‡b ivRavbx Ges eo kni¸‡jvi WvUv cvIqv hvq) GdGI Ges GdGI †÷Ut Lv`¨ Drcv`b, Lv`¨ wbivcËv Ges †mB mv‡_ dzW e¨v‡jÝ wkU Gi wi‡cvU© I WvUvi Rb¨ dzW B‡Kvbwg MÖæct nvDR‡nvì B‡Kvbwg (GBPBG) G‡cÖvP Gi wi‡cvU© GBPBG I‡qemvBUt nvDR‡nvì B‡Kvbwg (GBPBG) G‡cÖvP, K÷ Ae Wv‡qU Gi wi‡cvU© GBPBG mv‡njt mv‡nj †`k ¸‡jvi Rb¨ GBPBG wi‡cvU© Iqvì© e¨vsKt wewfbœ wel‡qi Dci †`‡ki Avf¨š—ixb Z‡_ï Rb¨ (‡hgbt K…wl Ges MÖvgxY Dbœqb; kªg Ges mvgvwRK i¶Y) ’vbxq Dbœqbg~jK e¨vsKt Avwd«Kv, Gwkqv, BD‡ivc, Av‡gwiKv Gi †`k m¤c‡K© mvaviY Z‡_ï Rb¨

AvBIgt RbM‡Yi ’vbvZi Ges Avev‡mi Pvwn`v m¤cwK©Z Z‡_ï Rb¨ BDGbGBPwmAvit Avevm‡bi Pvwn`v, DØv ‘ Ges AvBwWwc gyf‡g›U m¤cwK©Z Z‡_ï Rb¨ gvB‡µvdvBbvÝ †MUI‡qt †`‡ki gv‡µv-dvBbvÝ cÖwZôvb Ges FY †mev m¤cwK©Z Z‡_ï Rb¨ mxc †bUIqvK©t †`k wfwËK gv‡µv-dvBbvÝ, G›UvicÖvBR †Wfjc‡g›U Gi I‡qewj¼ wewWGm b‡jRt G›UvicÖvBR †Wfjc‡g›U Ges evRvi we‡k øl‡Yi wi‡cvU© Gi jvB‡eªwi BDGbwWwct Dbœqb bxwZ Ges RxweKv †KŠkj m¤cwK©Z wek` wi‡cvU© Gi Rb¨

A¨v‡b· WvUv msMÖ‡ni cÖkœgvjvq (DATA-COLLECTION QUESTIONNAIRES)

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WvUv msMÖ‡ni cÖkœgvjvq (DATA-COLLECTION QUESTIONNAIRE) h y³ n‡Z cv‡i Ggb wKQz cÖ‡kœi wj÷

BGgGgG UzjwKU †_‡K

eo eëmvqx‡ì Rb¨ bgybv cÖkœ

†idv‡iÝ Ae ’vqt evRvi eë ’vi ¯vfvweK KvVv‡gv Ges Kvh©KvwiZv

f¨vj y †PBb G±it

1| Avcbvi eëmvq Kx ai‡Yi (cY¨ Drcv`b A_ev †mev) Ges BbcyU ¸‡jv wK wK? Avcbv‡K †K KvuPvgvj mieivn K‡i? BZ¨vw` GB †PB‡bi gv‡S cÖ‡Z¨KwU gvbyl ev †Kv¤cvwb wK ai‡Yi KvR K‡i? 2| Zviv cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki mv‡_ †Kvb gvÎvq cÖwZØw›ØZv K‡i? Ges Ab¨vb¨ mvc øvB †PB‡bi mv‡_ cÖwZØw›ØZvi gvÎv wK? †mev cÖ`vbKvix 3| GB gv‡K©U †PBb‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z Ab¨ eëmv‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †mev cÖ`vbKvix GB evRv‡i Av‡Q?(‡hgb mieivnKvix, cwienb †mev, †÷v‡iR †dwmwjwU, †hvMv‡hvM, Avw_©K †mev BZ¨vw`) 4| GB gv‡K©U †PBb‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z miKvix/ ’vbxq KZ©…c¶ Øviv cÖ`Ë †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †mev A_ev AeKvVv‡gv GB evRv‡i Av‡Q? (‡hgb FY †mev, cvIqvi Ges cvwb) eëmv‡qi cwi‡ek/cÖwZôvb 5| GB mvcøvB †PBb †h c×wZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Q Zvi Dci †Kvb AvBb, AvbyôvwbK wbqg Ges bxwZi fv‡jv cÖfve i‡q‡Q (BwZevPK ev †bwZevPK)? 6| evRv‡ii G±i‡ì gv‡S m¤c‡K©i iƒc`vb K‡i Ggb †Kvb AwjwLZ ixwZ, Af¨vm Ges PP©v evRv‡i Av‡Q wKbv? (‡hgb Kvi KvQ †_‡K µq ev hvi Kv‡Q weµq) †idv‡iÝ Ae ’vt evRvi eë ’vi Kvh©KvwiZv 7| eQ‡ii GB mg‡q KZ Rb‡K Avcwb Kv‡R wbhy³ K‡ib? FZzi/mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ wK GUv cwiewZ©Z nq? Avcbvi Kg©xiv †Kvb GjvKv †_‡K Av‡m? bvix/cyiæ‡li kZKiv AskMÖnY? 8| Avcbvi Kg©xiv mvaviYZ KZ DcvR©b K‡i? Zviv Ab¨ †Kvb myweav cvq? 9| eQ‡i jv‡fi nvi wK cwiewZ©Z nq (‡hgb - wmRbvwjwU)? eQ‡ii †Kvb mg‡q Avcwb me‡P‡q †ekx/Kg Kg©x wb‡qvM K‡ib? GKwU ¯vfvweK eQ‡i Avcbvi Kv‡Q KZ Rb Kg©x KvR K‡i| Ges Avcbvi jvf wK? 10| mvaviYZ †K Avcbvi cY¨ µq K‡i A_ev †K †mev MÖnY K‡i- abx RbMb, ga¨weË RbbMY, Mixe RbMb? Avcwb wK wnmve Ki‡Z cv‡ib GB cwievi¸‡jvi gv‡S KZwU cwievi cÖwZ mßv‡n µq K‡i? GB evRvi wK ¯vfvweKfv‡e cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK Ges fv‡jvfv‡e mgwšZ? 11| Avcbvi wK †Kvb cÖwZØ›Øx Av‡Q? Avcwb ev Avcbvi cÖwZØ›Øx wK mieivn wbqš¿Y K‡ib Ges cY¨/‡mevi g~j¨ wba©viY K‡ib? hw` ZvB nq, Avcwb/ Avcbvi cÖwZØ›Øxiv GB wbqš¿Y cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb Ges Zv eRvq ivL‡Qb?


12| Avcbvi GjvKvi wmRbvj cÖvBR †fwi‡qkb/ `ªe¨g~‡jï wmRbvj cv_©K¨ wK Ab¨ GjvKv A_ev ivRavbxi gZ (cwienb LiP wnmve K‡i)? hw` Zv bv nq, †Kb Avcwb fve‡Qb GB GjvKvi wmRbvj cÖvBR †fwi‡qkb/ `ªe¨g~‡jï wmRbvj cv_©K¨ Ab¨ GjvKv †_‡K wfbœ?

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`y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í Ae ’v (Aby‡gq) evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZvq `y‡h©vM wKfv‡e cÖfve †d‡j? 13| `y‡h©vM hLb AvNvZ K‡i ZLb Avcbvi eëmv‡q wU‡K _vK‡Z Ges Kg©x wb‡qv‡M †Kvb cÖfve/ cwieZ©b‡K Avcwb Avcbvi `¶Zv Øviv c~‡e©B Abygvb Ki‡Z cv‡ib? 14| †Kvb wbw`©ó gv‡K©U G±i A_ev f¨vj y †PB‡bi †Kvb wbw`©ó KvR we‡klfv‡e ¶wZMÖ Í nq? 15| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †mev Ges mvaviY AeKvVv‡gv‡Z Dc‡i DwjøwLZ`y‡h©vM wKfv‡e ¶wZMÖ Í K‡i? 16| Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j Avcbvi eëmv‡qi LiP KZ †e‡o‡Q? †Kvb eëmv‡q LiP †e‡o‡Q (R¡vjvbx, †÷v‡iR, cY¨-`ªe¨, kªwgK LiP BZ¨vw`) Ges KZ? `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq Avcwb GB cwiw ’wZ wKfv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡eb? 17| Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j †h ¶wZ n‡q‡Q Zv c~iY Ki‡Z Avcwb wKfv‡e Avcbvi Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡eb? 18| gv‡K©U †PB‡bi Ab¨vb¨ G±iMY (‡hgb - BbcyU mieivnKvix, cwienbKvix, Drcv`K) GB Kvh©µg wKfv‡e MÖnY Ki‡eb? evRvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq GB `y‡h©vM wKfv‡e cÖfve †dj‡e? 19| Avcbvi eëmvq †m±‡i wK GB `y‡h©vM evRvi cÖwZ‡hvMZvq †Kvb cwieZ©b Avb‡e? (Avcbvi cÖwZôvb/‡Kv¤cvbx Gi †P‡qI wK Abïv Av‡iv †ekx ¶wZMÖ Í n‡q‡Q?) 20| Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib Avcwb ev Avcbvi cÖwZ‡hvMxi mieiv‡n evuav m„wó Kiv Ges g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi GL‡bv h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q? `y‡h©v‡Mi cigyû©‡ZB wKfv‡e evRvi Kvh©Ki n‡e? 21| Avcbvi weµq wK †e‡o‡Q bv K‡g‡Q? hw` nq, Z‡e †Kb? 22| eQ‡ii GB mg‡q ¯vfvweK Ae ’vi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i c‡Yï g~j¨ wK †e‡o‡Q, K‡g‡Q A_ev AcwiewZ©Z i‡q‡Q? KZ, wbw`©ó Kiæb| 23| `ª‡eï AwaK g~j¨ A_ev mieiv‡ni AcÖZzjZvi Kvi‡Y wK wKQz wbw` ©ó MÖæ‡ci †µZv cY¨/‡mev µq Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv? 24| Ggb hw` N‡U, y‡h©v‡Mi c‡i †µZv‡ì µq ¶gZv cybe©nvj Kiv nq, Z‡e wK Avcwb Kg©x wb‡qvM Pvwj‡q hv‡eb? 25| hw` `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ GjvKvq Avcbvi cY¨/‡mevi AwaK Pvwn`v wbwðZ Kiv hvq, Z‡e Avcwb †Kvb gvÎvq ¶ZMÖ¯Í GjvKvq Avcbvi cY¨/‡mevi mieivn e„w× Ki‡Z cvi‡eb? 26| Avcbvi Kv‡Ri Kg©x Ges KvuPv gvj wK GL‡bv cvIqv hvq? 27| †Kvb cÖfveK ¸‡jv eëmv‡qi cwigvY evov‡Z cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó K‡i?


evRv‡ii cÖavb G±i/ cÖavb Z_¨`vZvi Rb¨ bgybv cÖkœ

†idv‡iÝ Ae ’vt evRvi eë ’vi ¯vfvweK KvVv‡gv Ges Kvh©KvwiZv

gv‡K©U G±i

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1| evRvi †_‡K cY¨ cvIqvi Rb¨ Kvh©Ki c`‡¶c Ges RbMY I †Kv¤cvbxi RwoZ _vKvi wel‡q eY©bv Kiæb (‡hgb eëmvqx Ges ga¨¯Ë‡fvMxi gva¨‡g Drcv`K †_‡K †fv³v) 2| †PB‡b GB mKj gvbyl A_ev †Kv¤cvwb wK f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i? 3| ¯vfvweK eQ‡i GB mg‡q gv‡K©U †PB‡b c‡Yï Av`k© g~j¨ wK? †mev cÖ`vbKvix 4| GB gv‡K©U †PBb‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z Ab¨ eëmv‡qi mv‡_ RwoZ †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †mev cÖ`vbKvix GB evRv‡i Av‡Q?(‡hgb mieivnKvix, cwienb †mev, †÷v‡iR †dwmwjwU, †hvMv‡hvM, Avw_©K †mev BZ¨vw`) 5| GB gv‡K©U †PBb‡K Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z miKvix/ ’vbxq KZ©…c¶ Øviv cÖ`Ë †Kvb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †mev A_ev AeKvVv‡gv GB evRv‡i Av‡Q? (‡hgb FY †mev, cvIqvi Ges cvwb) cÖwZôvb, wbqg Ges ixwZ 6| GB mvcøvB †PBb †h c×wZ‡Z KvR Ki‡Q Zvi Dci †Kvb AvBb, AbvbyôvwbK wbqg Ges bxwZi fv‡jv cÖfve i‡q‡Q (BwZevPK ev †bwZevPK)? 7| evRv‡ii G±i‡ì gv‡S m¤c‡K©i iƒc`vb K‡i Ggb †Kvb AwjwLZ ixwZ, Af¨vm Ges PP©v evRv‡i Av‡Q wKbv? (‡hgb Kvi KvQ †_‡K µq ev hvi Kv‡Q weµq) †idv‡iÝ Ae ’vt evRvi eë ’vi Kvh©KvwiZv 8| GKwU "Av`k©" eQ‡i †Kvb gvm¸‡jv‡Z m‡ev©”P Pvwn`v _v‡K? Ges me© wbgœ? 9| MZ wmR‡b Avcbvi Ges Avcbvi cÖwZ‡hvMxi †gvU mgwšZ evwY‡R¨ ’vbxq c‡Yï wnmve Kiv (RvZxq ch©v‡q Ges `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í GjvKv) 10| GB cY¨ mgy‡ni g~j¨ wK wmR‡b cwiewZ©Z nq? mvaviYZ †Kvb mg‡q c‡Yï m‡ev©”P Ges me©wb¤œ `vg cvIqv hvq? eQ‡ii GB mg‡q mvaviYfv‡e c‡Yï wK g~j¨ _v‡K? 11| GKwU ¯vfvweK eQ‡i wK cwigvY cY¨ gRy` _v‡K? (‡gvU gRy` Ges †`‡ki wfZ‡ii Iqvi-nvDR Gi gv‡S fvM K‡i) 12| mvaviYZ †K Avcbvi cY¨ µq K‡i A_ev †K †mev MÖnY K‡i- abx RbMb, ga¨weË RbbMY, Mixe RbMb? Avcwb wK wnmve Ki‡Z cv‡ib GB cwievi¸‡jvi gv‡S KZwU cwievi cÖwZ mßv‡n Avcbvi cY¨ µq K‡i? GB evRvi wK ¯vfvweKfv‡e cÖwZ‡hvwMZvg~jK Ges fv‡jvfv‡e mgwšZ? 13| Ggb †Kvb Ae ’vb Av‡Q wKbv †hLv‡b GKRb A_ev `yBRb gv‡K©U G±i (‡hgb- eëmvqx) c‡Yï mieiv‡n KZ©…Z¡ K‡i Ges Gfv‡e Gi g~j¨ wba©viY K‡i?


14| Avcbvi GjvKvi wmRbvj cÖvBR †fwi‡qkb/ `ªe¨g~‡jï wmRbvj cv_©K¨ wK Ab¨ GjvKv A_ev ivRavbxi gZ (cwienb LiP wnmve K‡i)? hw` Zv bv nq, †Kb Avcwb fve‡Qb GB GjvKvi wmRbvj cÖvBR †fwi‡qkb/ `ªe¨g~‡jï wmRbvj cv_©K¨ Ab¨ GjvKv †_‡K wfbœ? `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í Ae ’v (Aby‡gq) evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZvq `y‡h©vM wKfv‡e cÖfve †d‡j? 15| Drcv`K †_‡K, eëmvqx n‡q †fv³v ch©bÍ cY¨ mieiv‡ni †¶‡Î `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve wK/ wK cwieZ©b nq?

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16| †Kvb wbw`©ó gv‡K©U G±i A_ev f¨vj y †PB‡bi †Kvb wbw`©ó KvR we‡klfv‡e ¶wZMÖ Í nq? 17| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †mev Ges mvaviY AeKvVv‡gv‡Z Dc‡i DwjøwLZ`y‡h©vM wKfv‡e ¶wZMÖ Í K‡i? 18| Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j Avcbvi eëmv‡qi LiP KZ †e‡o‡Q? †Kvb eëmv‡q LiP †e‡o‡Q (R¡vjvbx, †÷v‡iR, cY¨-`ªe¨, kªwgK LiP BZ¨vw`) Ges KZ? 19| Avcbvi weµq wK †e‡o‡Q bv K‡g‡Q? hw` n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e †Kb? 20| ’vbxqfv‡e Drcvw`Z cY¨ †c‡Z y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j Avcbvi †¶‡Î wK N‡U? 21| `y‡h©vM wK Avcbvi Avg`vwb‡Z †Kvb cÖfve †d‡j? (‡hgb- †cvU©, †ij jvBb, iv Ív Gi ¶q-¶wZ Ges cY¨ wK¬qvi Ki‡Z Kv÷gm wefv‡M Kg©xi Afve) 22| eQ‡ii GB mg‡q ¯vfvweK Ae ’vi mv‡_ Zzjbv K‡i c‡Yï g~j¨ wK †e‡o‡Q, K‡g‡Q A_ev AcwiewZ©Z i‡q‡Q? KZ, wbw`©ó Kiæb| 23| `ª‡eï AwaK g~j¨ A_ev mieiv‡ni AcÖZzjZvi Kvi‡Y wK wKQz wbw`©ó MÖæ‡ci †µZv cY¨/‡mev µq Ki‡Z cvi‡Q bv? 24| `y‡©hv‡Mi ci gyn~‡©ZB wK cwigvY cY¨ gRy` _v‡K? we‡kl K‡i, m¤¢ve¨ `y‡©hv‡Mi GjvKvq ‡gvU gRy` Ges †`‡ki wfZ‡ii Iqvi-nvDR Gi gv‡S we`¨gvb gRy`| `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq Avcwb GB cwiw ’wZ wKfv‡e †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡eb? 25| Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j †h ¶wZ n‡q‡Q Zv c~iY Ki‡Z Avcwb wKfv‡e Avcbvi Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡eb? 26| gv‡K©U †PB‡bi Ab¨vb¨ G±iMY (‡hgb - BbcyU mieivnKvix, cwienbKvix, Drcv`K) GB Kvh©µg wKfv‡e MÖnY Ki‡e? evRvi cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq GB `y‡h©vM wKfv‡e cÖfve †dj‡e? 27| c‡Yï mieivn Ges g~j¨ wbqš¿‡bi c×wZ‡Z wK `y‡h©v‡Mi †Kvb cÖfve i‡q‡Q - Ges hw` †_‡K _v‡K Z‡e wKfv‡e? (eëmv‡qi Kvh©KvwiZv Kgv‡bv, A_ev cwienb eë ’v mxgve× Kivi gva¨‡g) 28| Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib Avcbvi †P‡q eo cÖwZ‡hvMxi mieiv‡n evuav m„wó Kiv Ges g~j¨ wba©vi‡Yi GL‡bv h‡_ó my‡hvM i‡q‡Q? Ggb hw` N‡U, `y‡h©v‡Mi c‡i †µZv‡ì µq ¶gZv cybe©nvj Kiv nq Z‡e wK n‡e? 29| hw` `y‡h©vM AvµvšÍ GjvKvq Avcbvi cY¨/‡mevi AwaK Pvwn`v wbwðZ Kiv hvq, Z‡e Avcwb †Kvb gvÎvq ¶ZMÖ¯Í GjvKvq Avcbvi cY¨/‡mevi mieivn e„w× Ki‡Z cvi‡eb?

A¨v‡b· WvUv msMÖ‡ni cÖkœgvjvq (DATA-COLLECTION QUESTIONNAIRES) 30| cÖ‡qvR‡b Avcwb †Kvb Drm †_‡K Pvwn`vgZ AwZwi³ cY¨ mieivn Ki‡eb? 31| †Kvb cÖfveK ¸‡jv eëmv‡qi cwigvY evov‡Z cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó K‡i? 32| ewa©Z Pvwn`vi mv‡_ Avcbvi eëmv‡qi Lvc LvIqv‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e? 33| †fv³vi Ggb †Kvb wbw` ©ó MÖæc Av‡Q wKbv hv‡ì Kv‡Q mievivn Kiv KwVb - D`vnvib ¯iƒc - D”P SzuwK, `ye©j AeKvVv‡gv, fv½v iv Ív-NvU BZ¨vwì Rb¨? ’vbxq evRv‡ii G±i‡ì Rb¨ cÖ‡kœi bgybv

Avcbvi eëmvq (‡idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq) 1| Avcbvi eëmvq †Kgb Pj‡Q? Avcbvi eëmv‡qi Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve wK? eëmvqx Ges Kg ywbwUi gvbyl wKfv‡e `y‡h©v‡M gvwb‡q wb‡”Q/ GLb Avcwb wKfv‡e gvwb‡q wb‡”Qb?

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2| `y‡h©vM ïiæ n‡j Avcwb wK ai‡Yi cY¨/DcKiY weµq Ki‡Z Pvb? Zv cwigv‡b KZUzKz? 3| GB gyn~‡Z©/‡idv‡iÝ mg‡q Avcwb KZ cwigvY weµq Ki‡Qb? 4| Avcwb KZUzKz cwigvY cY¨ gRy` K‡i a‡i †i‡L‡Qb? GUv wK Avcbvi Rb¨ ¯vfvwe‡Ki †_‡K Kg A_ev †ekx? Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡qi ci Avcwb gRy` K‡i KZUzKz cY¨ a‡i ivL‡Z Pvb? Avcbvi †fv³v/ †µZv (‡idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq) 5| Avcbvi †µZv Kviv? Zv‡ì êwkó¨ wK? (wet`ªt "‡µZv" gv‡b †h e¨w³ Avcbvi KvQ †_‡K µq K‡i, Zv‡K †fv³vB n‡Z n‡e Ggb †Kvb K_v †bB) 6| eZ©gv‡b Avcbvi KZ msL¨K †µZv Av‡Q? (cÖwZ mßv‡n wewbg‡qi msL¨v) 7| y‡h©vM AvNvZ Ki‡j eQ‡ii GB mg‡q Avcbvi weµq KZ? 8| wbw`©ó †Kvb cY¨/DcKi‡Yi Rb¨ †µZvi Pvwn`vi Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi †Kvb cÖfve i‡q‡Q wK? 9| †idv‡iÝ mg‡q Avcbvi weµq g~j¨ wK? Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡q? avi/ FY (‡idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq) 10| Avcwb wK Avcbvi †Kvb †µZv‡K av‡i cY¨ †`b? `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Ki‡j wK GB cwiw ’wZ cvj‡U hvq? 11| Avcbvi †µZv †gvU KZUzKz cwigvY Acwi‡kvwaZ iv‡L? (Av‡qi KZ mßvn ch©šÍ)? 12| Avcwb wK Avcbvi mieivnKvixi KvQ †_‡K av‡i †Kvb cY¨ cvb? 13| `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi ciI wK Avcwb Avcbvi mieivnKvixi KvQ †_‡K av‡i †Kvb cY¨ cvb? 14| Avcbvi mieivnKvixi Kv‡Q Avcbvi KzZUzKz Acwi‡kvwaZ FY _v‡K? (mieiv‡ni KZ mßvn ch©šÍ) Avcbvi mieivnKvix (‡idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq) 15| Avcbvi mieivnKvix Kviv Ges Zviv †Kv_vq _v‡K? 16| y‡h©vM AvNvZ Ki‡j wK Avcbvi mieivnKvix cwiewZ©Z nq? 17| g~j¨ Ges BbcyU/ mieivnK…Z c‡Yï µq‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i Ggb †Kvb wmRbvj cÖfveK Av‡Q wKbv? 18| `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Ki‡j mieivnKvixi mieivnK…Z c‡Yï g~‡jï †Kvb cwieZ©b nq wKbv? Ges KZUzKz?


19| `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq hw` †fv³vi Pvwn`v †e‡o hvq, Z‡e KZ ZvoZvwo Avcwb 1) Av‡Mi cwigv‡Y 2) wØ¸Y cwigv‡Y 3) wZb¸Y cigv‡b cY¨ mieivn Ki‡Z cvi‡eb? 20| Avcwb wK g‡b K‡ib Avcbv‡K GB mieivn¸‡jv/BbcyU †c‡Z †M‡j c~‡e©i †P‡q †ekx g~j¨ cwi‡kva Ki‡Z nq? Avcbvi eëmv‡qi LiP wK? (‡hgb - cwienb, †÷v‡iR, fvov, BZ¨vw`) 21| cY¨/mieivn µq ev` w`‡q Avcbvi eëmv‡qi cÖavb LiP wK? (‡hgb - cwienb, †÷v‡iR, ’vb, kªwgK, jvB‡mÝ) 22| GBme Li‡Pi Dci `y‡h©v‡Mi wK cÖfve? Avcbvi cÖwZØvw›Ø (Ab¨ eëmvq) (‡idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq) 23| KZRb Ab¨vb¨ eëmvqx Avcbvi gZ GKB GjvKvq, Avcwb †h wbw`©ó cY¨ weµq Ki‡Qb GKB cY¨ ZvivI weµq Ki‡Q? 24| mgMÖ ’vbxq evRv‡i Avcbvi cÖ`vbK…Z †mevi KZUzKz "‡kqvi" i‡q‡Q? 25| KvQvKvwQ Ggb †Kvb GjvKv Av‡Q wKbv hviv wbqwgZ evRvi mieivn cv‡”Q bv? hw` n‡q _v‡K, Z‡e †Kb? cwienbKvix (‡idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq)

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26| GLb eëmvq Ki‡Z Avcwb †Kvb †Kvb mgm¨vi †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Qb? 27| cY¨ µq weµ‡qi Rb¨ hvZvq‡Zi †¶‡Î Avcwb †Kvb evuavi m¤§yLxb †nvb? 28| GB mgm¨¸‡jvi †h‡Kvb GKwU mgvavb Ki‡Z wK Kiv DwPr e‡j Avcwb g‡b K‡ib (we‡kl K‡i †h¸‡jv `y‡h©v‡Mi cÖfve Abygv‡bi mv‡_ m¤cwK©Z)? GB Ae ’v †gvKv‡ejvq m¤¢ve¨ Zvr¶wbK Ges `xN© †gqv`x wK c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv hvq? 29| Avcwb Ges Avcbvi cwievi Gi mv‡_ wKfv‡e gvwb‡q wb‡”Qb? GB bZzb KwVb Ae ’vi mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡Z Avcwb Ges Avcbvi cwiev‡ii gv‡S wK cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q? 30| Ggb †Kvb G‡RwÝ A_ev miKvix A½msMVb Av‡Q wKbv hviv GB KwVb cwiw ’wZ‡Z Avcbvi GjvKvq †Kvb c`‡¶c wb‡e? 31| hw` Avcbv‡K DcKiY mn‡hvwMZvi cwie‡Z© bM` A_© cÖ`vb Kiv nq, Z‡e Avcwb †Kvb ai‡Yi cY¨/‡mev cÖ_‡gB µq Ki‡eb? †Kv_vq †_‡K Ki‡eb? hw` my‡hvM †`qv nq, Avcbvi cwiev‡ii Lv‡`ï Pvwn`vi AMÖvwaKv‡ii wfwË‡Z Avcwb wKfv‡e mnvqZv MÖnY Ki‡eb? (‡hgb - Lv`¨ e›Ub, bM` A‡_©i wfwË‡Z mnvqZv) wbe©vwPZ cwiev‡ii gv‡S cyiæl Ges gwnjv ¯¶vZKvi `vZv‡ì Rb¨ bgybv cÖkœ †idv‡iÝ mg‡qi Ae ’v 1| Avcbvi cwiev‡ii Pvwn`vq cÖavb Lv`¨ DcKiY (Lv`¨km¨, gvsm, gvQ, ˆZj, Ges mewR) wK? 2| Avcwb GB †gŠwjK Lv`¨ DcKiY wKfv‡e cv‡q _v‡Kb? (‡hgb wb‡Ri Drcvw`Z [K…wl, gvQ aiv, cÖvbxm¤c`], evRvi †_‡K µq K‡i, eb¨ Lv`¨ msMÖn K‡i, cwievi †_‡K Dcnvi, kª‡gi wewbg‡q Lv`¨, Lv`¨ mnvqZv)| 3| Avcbvi cwiev‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq wK wK cÖavb ÓLv`¨-bq Ggb DcKiYÓ (non food item) A_ev Ab¨vb¨ †mevi (cwienb, FY) Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q? 4| eQ‡ii GB mg‡q Avcbvi Av‡qi (A_ev c‡Yï myweavi) cÖv_wgK Drm wK? (‡hgb - kª‡gi gRyix, c‡Yï weµq, cÖvwY-m¤c`, gvB‡µv-G›UvicÖvBR, †iwg‡UÝ)

A¨v‡b· WvUv msMÖ‡ni cÖkœgvjvq (DATA-COLLECTION QUESTIONNAIRES) `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq Avcbvi Ae ’v (Aby‡gq) 5| y‡h©v‡M Avcbvi cwiev‡ii ¯vfvweK Lv`¨ MÖnY wKfv‡e ¶wZMÖ Í nq? wewfbœ Lv‡`ï gv‡S †Kvb Lv`¨ †ekx ¶wZMÖ¯Í nq? 6| GB †gŠwjK Lv`¨ Dcv`vb ¸‡jvi gv‡S cÖwZwU Lv`¨ Dcv`v‡b Avcwb KZUzKz NvUwZ †gvKv‡ejv Ki‡Qb? 7| cÖwZwU †¶‡Î, Avcbvi mvaviY Lv`¨ MÖn‡Y `y‡h©vM †Kvb fv‡e cÖfve †d‡j? (‡hgb Avcbvi km¨ aŸsm K‡i, Avcbvi Avq Kwg‡q †`q, `ªe¨ g~j¨ e„w× K‡i, evRv‡i cÖvc¨Zv Kgvq, evRv‡i AskMÖnY‡K evuav †`q) cÖ‡qvRbxq ÓLv`¨-bq Ggb DcKiYÓ (non food item) A_ev Ab¨vb¨ †mev - `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í Ae ’v (Aby‡gq)

8| `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í n‡Z cv‡i Ggb wK wK cÖ‡qvRbxq ÓLv`¨-bq Ggb DcKiYÓ (non food item) A_ev Ab¨vb¨ †mev mvaviYZ Avcbvi cwievi MÖnY K‡i _v‡K? 9| cÖwZ †¶‡Î, Avcbvi mvaviY Lv`¨ MÖn‡Y y‡h©vM †Kvb c‡_ cÖfve †d‡j? (‡hgb Avcbvi km¨ aŸsm K‡i, Avcbvi Avq Kwg‡q †`q, `ªe¨ g~j¨ e„w× K‡i, evRv‡i cÖvc¨Zv Kgvq, evRv‡i AskMÖnY‡K evuav †`q) 10| Aby‡gq `y‡h©v‡Mi d‡j wK wK Ab¨vb¨ Riæix ÓLv`¨-bq Ggb DcKiYÓ (non food item) A_ev †mevi Pvwn`v n‡Z cv‡i? Avq Ges/A_ev Kg©ms ’vb - y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í Ae ’v 11| hw` Avcwb mvaviYZ AwbqwgZ kªg A_ev Kg©ms ’v‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡ib Z‡e, `y‡h©v‡Mi c‡i Avcwb †c‡Z cv‡ib Ggb Kv‡Ri cwigvY/ kªg gRyix m¤c‡K© eY©bv Kiæb|

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12| Av‡qi Rb¨ hw` Avcwb wb‡Ri Drcvw`Z cY¨ weµ‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡ib (Lv`¨ km¨, cÖvwY m¤c`, ˆZwi cY¨ BZ¨vw`), Z‡e Avcbvi cY¨ weµ‡qi cwigv‡Yi †Kvb cwieZ©b nq wKbv/ M„nxZ g~‡jï †Kvb cwieZ©b N‡U wKbv eY©bv Kiæb| 13| cÖwZ †¶‡Î, Avcbvi mvaviY Avq G `y‡h©vM †Kvb c‡_ cÖfve †d‡j? (‡hgb KvR Ki‡Z Amg_© K‡i, kª‡gi Pvwn`v Kwg‡q †`q, c‡Yï Rb¨ Pvwn`v Kgvq, Kv‡R †h‡Z cwien‡b evuav †`q, gRywii nvi Kwg‡q †`q, c‡Yï weµq g~j¨ Kgvq, gRyix cÖ`vbK…Z Ges A‰eZwbK Kv‡Ri Rb¨ eivÏK…Z mg‡qi cwieZ©‡bi gva¨‡g| gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqv- `y‡h©v‡M ¶wZMÖ Í Ae ’v 14| Avcwb Ges Avcbvi cwievi Gi mv‡_ wKfv‡e gvwb‡q wb‡”Qb? GB bZzb KwVb Ae ’vi mv‡_ gvwb‡q wb‡Z Avcwb Ges Avcbvi cwiev‡ii gv‡S wK cwieZ©b G‡m‡Q? 30| Ggb †Kvb G‡RwÝ A_ev miKvix A½msMVb Av‡Q wKbv hviv GB KwVb cwiw ’wZ‡Z Avcbvi GjvKvq †Kvb c`‡¶c wb‡e? 31| hw` Avcbv‡K DcKiY w`‡q mn‡hvwMZvi cwie‡Z© bM` A_© cÖ`vb Kiv nq, Z‡e Avcwb †Kvb ai‡Yi cY¨/‡mev cÖ_‡g µq Ki‡eb? †Kv_vq †_‡K Ki‡eb? hw` my‡hvM †`qv nq, AMÖvwaKv‡ii wfwË‡Z Avcbvi cwiev‡ii ÓLv`¨-bq Ggb DcKiYÓ (non food item) Gi Pvwn`vi mv‡_ Avcwb wKfv‡e mnvqZv MÖnY Ki‡eb? (‡hgb - Lv`¨ e›Ub, bM` A‡_©i wfwË‡Z mnvqZv)

A¨v‡b· wcwmGgG wi‡cv‡U©i bgybv

wcwmGgG wi‡cv‡U©i bgybv Gw·wKDwUf mvgvwi GUv wcwmGgG Gi Ae ’v, djvdj Ges mycvwi‡ki g~j mvims‡¶c| GUv wi‡cvU© Gi cÖavb Ask‡K cÖwZdwjZ K‡i| GUv Pvi †_‡K cvuP c„ôvi †_‡K †ekx n‡e bv Ges G‡Z wb¤œy³ wel‡qi Dci msw¶ß Ges ¶z`ª †mKkb _v‡Kt

• †cÖ¶vcU • D‡Ïk¨, g~j we‡kølYag©x c Ökœ • `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’v wPÎvqb Ges mgqmxgv (‡idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq, wmRb) • ‡fŠ‡MvwjK myweav Ges we‡k øl‡Yi e¨wß • we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ ÓevRvi we‡køl‡Yi UzjÓ • cÖavb djvdjt

mgMÖ evRv‡ii Kvh©KvwiZvi wfwË‡Z

evRvi eë ’v we‡k øl‡Yi wfwË‡Z • mvovcÖ`v‡bi mycvwik

fwel¨‡Z `y‡h©v‡M mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZi wfwË‡Z

evRvi eë ’v k³kvjx Kivi Zvr¶wbK c`‡¶‡ci wfwË‡Z • evRvi ch©‡e¶Y †_‡K cÖvß mycvwik

†mKkb 1t D‡Ïk¨ Ges g~j we‡k ølYag©x cÖkœ

• wcwmGgG eënv‡ii D‡Ïk¨ Ges wcwmGgG Gi gva¨‡g DËi w`‡Z n‡e Ggb cÖkœ • wcwmGgG eënv‡ii hyw³ Ges we`¨gvb A_ev Pjgvb `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢ve¨ cwiKíbvi mv‡_ ¯”QZv/¯cóZv wba©viY • wcwmGgG G‡cÖv‡Pi msw¶ß eY©bv Ges wi‡cvU© Gi Rb¨ KvR Kiv

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`‡ji mgšq Ges AwfÁZv, Ges cÖ`Ë cÖwk¶Y • wcwmGgG evRvi `‡j wKfv‡e †bZ…Z¡ Ges mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv n‡qwQj?

†mKkb 2t `y‡h©v‡Mi Ae ’vi wPÎvqb Ges wbe©vwPZ mgqmxgv

• wbe©vwPZ `y‡h©vM/Riæix Ae ’vi msw¶ß eY©bv - Gi BwZnvm, e¨vcKZv, KviY Ges Aby‡gq cÖfve| • GLb ch©šÍ GB ai‡Yi `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq gvbweK mvnvh¨ ms ’vi mvovcÖ`v‡bi GKwU msw¶ß weeiY Ges `y‡h©vM AvNvZ

Kivi mgq cÖZ¨vwkZ mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖwµqv • G‡RwÝi `vqZ¡ Ges KZ©‡eï ‡fŠ‡MvwjK Ae ’vb m¤c‡K© eY©bv • †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq wbe©vPb

†mKkb 3t we‡køl‡Yi my‡hvM I MfxiZv Ges evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Uzj

• ¶wZMÖ Í RbM‡Yi Pvwn`v n‡e `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi mgq, Ges m¤¢ve¨ c~‡e© we`¨gvb "µwbK" Pvwn`v • jw¶¨Z/Afxó RbM‡Yi Av_© mvgvwRK Ae ’v, RxweKv, `y‡h©v‡M m¤¢ve¨ Ae ’vi wel‡q †cÖ¶vc‡Ui g~j Z_¨ we‡ePbv

Ki‡e (m¤¢e n‡j)

A¨v‡b· wcwmGgG wi‡cv‡U©i bgybv

• g~j¨vq‡bi ‡fŠ‡MvwjK Ae ’vi my‡hvM wba©viY Ges evRvi ’vb cwi`k©b • gyj¨vq‡bi Rb¨ eënvi Kiv n‡e Ggb evRvi g~j¨vq‡bi Uzj wbe©vPb Ges G‡ì wbe©vP‡bi KviY

†mKkb 4t we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ evRvi eë ’v Ges wmRb

• we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ evRvi eë ’vt Riæix Ae ’vi wbw`©ó evRvi eë ’v wbe©vPb Ki‡Z wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi cÖwµqvi mvims‡¶c| evRvi eë ’v we‡køl‡Y AvMÖnx wKQz cÖv_©xi Kv‡Q Riæix Ae ’v m¤c‡K© cÖv_wgK aviYv wKfv‡e cvIqv hvq Zv ms‡¶‡c eY©bvt

¶wZMÖ Í RbM‡Yi Rb¨ †Kvb †Kvb Riæix Ae ’vi evRvi eë ’v i‡q‡Q?

†Kvb eë ’v‡K wcwmGgG wbe©vPb K‡i‡Q Ges †Kb? • wmRbvj K¨v‡jÛvi • we‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ wmRb wbe©vPb

†mKkb 5t evRv‡ii g¨vc Ges we‡k ølY

GB Ask wi‡cv‡U© ewY©Z cÖavb eY©bvg~jK Ask| G‡K msw¶ß ivLvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| †idv‡iÝ mg‡q ïiæ Kiv wbe©vwPZ eQi ¸‡jv‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

• evRv‡ii mvgwMÖK Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vq‡bi djvd‡ji mv‡_t

we`¨gvb wbqg bxwZ, evRv‡ii †mev Ges cwi‡ek m¤c‡K© eY©bv

G‡ì Dc‡i `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfv‡ei eY©bv • evRvi eë ’vi gyj¨vq‡bi djvd‡ji mv‡_ mv‡_t †idv‡iÝ Ges `y‡h©v‡Mi mgq evRv‡ii g¨vc evRv‡ii cÖavb G±i‡ì m¤c‡K© eY©bv, †idv‡iÝ mg‡q Zv‡ì Ae ’v Ges G‡ì Dc‡i `y‡h©v‡Mi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfv‡ei eY©bv • g~j we‡kølYag©x c Ö‡kœi DËi †bvUt GB †mKk‡bi GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb nj GwU wbw`©ó wel‡q Áv‡bi ¯íZv mK‡ji `„wó‡MvPi K‡i, D`vnvib

¯iƒc, mxwgZ Z_¨/mgq/`‡ji we‡kølY ¶gZv| GB mgq hZUzKz aviYv Av‡Q Zvi †_‡KI †ekx ¸iæZ¡c~Y© hv ARvbv Zv Rvbv|

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†mKkb 6t mvovcÖ`v‡bi cÖavb mycvwikmg~n • mvovcÖ`v‡bi †hŠw³KZv • Aby‡gq `y‡h©vM AvNvZ Kivi mgq Riæix Ae ’vq mvovcÖ`v‡bi cwiKíbv Ges `xN© †gqv`x cwiKíbv/`y‡h©v‡Mi SzuwK nªvm

Dfq c`‡¶cB Zvr¶wbK fv‡e MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| • Dc‡i cÖvß djvdj ¸‡jv wK Ggb mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvc×wZi w`‡K avweZ K‡i hv evRvi eë ’vi fvj Kvh©KvwiZvi

Dci wbf©i K‡i (‡hgb- bM` A_©), A_ev Ab¨ †Kvb c×Z (‡hgb - wiwjd) • mnvqK c`‡¶‡ci gva¨‡g evRvi eë ’vi `¶Zvi cwieZ©b Kiv KZUv m¤¢e? • mvovcÖ`v‡bi c×wZ • mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvKvh©µ‡gi cÖavb cÖv_©x myweav, Amyweav Ges Kvh©KvwiZv

A¨v‡b·

wcwmGgG wi‡cv‡U©i bgybv

• Kg©cwiKíbv wn‡m‡e mvovcÖ`vb cÖwµqvcÖwµqvi mycvwik †mKkb 7t evRvi ch©‡e¶Y `y‡h©v‡Mi mg‡qi †Kvb KvR ev Kv‡Ri mgšq hv Ki‡Z evRvi `j cÖ Íve Ki‡Q- fwel¨r AbymÜvb Ges ch©‡e¶‡Yi mycvwik mn hv wcwmGgG eënv‡ii cieZ©x mg‡qB evRvi-eë ’v kw³kvjx Kivi c`‡¶c ev ÍevwqZ Ki‡Z; wbqwgZ evRvi ch©‡e¶Y; Ges fwel¨‡Z hw` `y‡h©vM N‡U Z‡e evRvi wfwËK c`‡¶c ev ÍevwqZ Ki‡Z gwbUwis GÛ Bfvj ykb †d«gIqvK© hy³ Ki‡Q| †bvUt AviGGg UzjwKU I bgybv wi‡cvU© cÖ`vb K‡i|

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