L1 - Intro MIS

832019 L1 - Intro MIS

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulll1-intro-mis 152

Mr Shailendra PawaskarShailendrapawaskargmailcom

1



Indian Railways is looking for ways tomove towards unwired applications It realtime data of seat vacant is available thenby the time the train reaches the nextdestination the seats can be filled upagain

2



The information we haveis not what we want

The information we wantis not the information we need

The information we needis not available

3



Why Do People Need Information

bull Individuals ndash Entertainment and enlightenment

bull Businesses ndash

Decision making problem solving and control

4



It is scarce It has a cost It has alternative uses There is an opportunity cost factor

involved if one does notprocess information

5



To ensureeffective and efficient decision - making

leading to prosperityof the Organization

6



Data vs Information

bull Data A ldquogivenrdquo or fact a number a statement or a picture

Represents something in the real world

The raw materials in the production of information

(Streams of raw facts representing events such as business transactions ndash

meaningless without structure)

7



bull Information Data that have meaning within a context

Data in relationships

Data after manipulation

(Clusters of facts meaningful and useful to human beings in processessuch as making decisions )

Information is the result of processing

manipulating and organizing data in a way thatadds to the knowledge of the person receiving it

8



Data Manipulation

bull Example customer survey

Reading through data collected from a customer survey withquestions in various categories would be time-consuming andnot very helpful

When manipulated the surveys may provide useful information

9



Knowledgebull is the awareness and understanding of facts truths or

information gained in the form of experience or learning orthrough introspection

Wisdombull Is the result of learning and using knowledge for a

strategic advantage

10



Generating Informationbull Computer-based ISs take data as raw material

process it and produce information as output

11 Input-process-output



Input The capture or collection of raw datafrom within the organization or from itsexternal environment for processing in an

information system

Processing The conversion manipulationand analysis of raw input into a form that is

more meaningful to humans

Output The distribution of processedinformation to the people who will use it or tothe activities for which it will be used

12



Relevant information is important to the decisionmaker

Accurate information is error free Complete information contains all of the important

facts Timely information is available when needed Verifiable information can be checked to make sure it

is correct Accessible information can be obtained by the userswho need it

Secure information is safe from unauthorized users

13



Information in Context

14 Characteristics of useful information



Usefulness of information depends on quality andaccessibility

BUThellip Usefulness also depends on purpose and context Information comes in different forms - not all of which

can be quantified hard vs soft data Ownership is difficult to maintain More is not always better

15



What Is a Systembull System A set of components that work together to

achieve a common goal

bull Subsystem One part of a system where the productsof more than one system are combined to reach anultimate goal

bull Closed system Stand-alone system that has no

contact with other systems

bull Open system System that interfaces with othersystems

16



17

Several subsystems make up this corporate accounting system



Information and Managers

bull Systems thinking

Creates a framework for problem solving and decision making Keeps managers focused on overall goals and operations of

business

18



19 Qualities of humans and computers that contribute to synergy



The Benefits of Human-Computer Synergy

bull Synergy

When combined resources produce output that exceeds thesum of the outputs of the same resources employed separately

bull Allows human thought to be translated into efficient

processing of large amounts of data

20



21 Components of an information system



22



The Four Stages of Data Processing

bull Input Data is collected and entered into computer

bull Data processing Data is manipulated intoinformation using mathematical statistical and othertools

bull Output Information is displayed or presented

bull Storage Data and information are maintained for lateruse

23



24

Accumulate

Knowledge

Format

FilterSummarize

Data

Information

Knowledge

ResultsInterpretDesign Act



An Information System isbull the set of interrelated componentsbull that collect process store and distribute informationbull used bysupport one or more business process

bull Input The collection of raw databull Processing The manipulation of data into informationbull Output Distributing valuable informationIncludes both technology and people

Information Technology is the hardwaretelecommunications and software that makeinformation systems possible

25



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Hardware

People

Software

NetworkData



For an organisation to survive and prosperbull More locations (networking Internet)

bull New products and services

bull Improve jobs and work flows Efficiency

Cost

Ethical and social issues

28



Worldwide changesbull Global economy

bull Knowledge- or information-based society

bull Business enterprisebull Digital firm

29



1 Buy film in a store2 Load your camera3 Take pictures4 Take roll of film to store for processing5 Pickup the film when ready6 Select specific photos for enlargement

7 Mail to family and friends

30



1st Generation Digital Photographybull Old economy except 6 and 7 were replaced by using

a scanner and emailing

2nd Generation Digital Photographybull Use a Digital Camera no film no processing

3rd

Generation Digital Photographybull Your Digital Camera is now your mobile phone in

your binoculars or a palmtop computer

31



Crossing International Bordersbull Biometrics ndash finger print in Israel

bull Scanning and face matching in Australia

Supplying Commercial Photobull Orbis Inc ndash Australia

Paying for Transportation

bull Smart cardsShopping from home

32



bull More wireless cell phone than land lines

bull More business registered dot-com sites

bull FedEx amp UPS deliver huge amount of

packagesbull Massive shift in media market Newspaper

Blog

New form of customer feedback Personal publishing

33



bull E-Business amp Internet advertising eBay Google

bull New security and accounting laws

Business requires to keep emails for 5 years

34



Globalization opportunitiesbull Reduce the cost to operate on a global scale

Shop in a worldwide marketplace

Obtain info reliably 24 hours a day Find low cost suppliers in other nations

Communicate real time with minimal cost

Skype instant messages emails

35



Growing percentage of economy reliesupon import and export

Need to operate globally IS can provide global trading Infrastructure

36



The emerging digital Firmbull Digital firm

Business relationships with customers suppliers and

employees are digitally enabled Core business processes are accomplished through

digital network

Business process

The set of logical related tasks and behaviors

Order customer service

37



Conthellip

38



39



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42



MIS is a set of organized procedures which when executedprovide information to support decision making -Henry C Lucas

MIS is a combination of human and computer based

resources which result in collection storage retrievalcommunication and use of data for the purpose of efficientmanagement for operations and for business planning -Kelly

A system to convert data from internal and external sources

into information to communicate the information in anappropriate form to managers at all levels in all functions tomake timely and effectively decisions for planning directingand controlling the activities for which they are responsible ndash Lucey

43



Management OrientedManagement Directed Integrated

SubsystemCommon DatabaseConsistencyHeavy Planning

ContemporaryFlexibleReliableSimpleeasy to understand

44



Handling voluminous data Confirmation of Validity of data and transactions Quick search and retrieval Mass storage Communication of information to user on time Fulfilling the changing needs of the information Helps in making quantitative as well as qualitative

decision-making

Takes care of complexities and risks of businessenvironment Give both reactive and proactive response

45



Defined as a Computer based InformationSystem

A system to support the decision making

function in the organization

Getting best out of the information system tofacilitate the decision making process

A system based on the database of theorganization evolved for the purpose ofproviding information to the people in theorganization

46



Information is Blood andMIS is Heart of any business activity

47



MIS Functions DataCollection

DataStorage

Analysis Communication

ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing

ControllingCoordinating

Evaluating

Decision Making

OrganizationalFunctions

SCM CRM ERP Enterprise

Management

Knowledge

Management

Production Marketing Finance HRM IT

48



Economy bull Global Perspective

Industrial Economies bull Research and knowledge possessed by org

bull strategic resource ndash Info and info processingbull To survive and succeed

Business Enterprise bull Virtual business entity

Digital Firm bull Fully relying on systembull Non ndash Expert as expertbull Huge data

49



iFuture Group Educational institute is about to implementnew technology for studentrsquos attendance

There are 50 faculty members most of them taking lecture every day No of courses subjects taken by each faculty member is between 3

to 6 in some case 7 Now respective Faculty member is suppose to enter the attendance

daily for their class For that Six computers are allocated to them for entering the

attendance

Discuss As a IT Manager 1 You are required to check the daily attendance entered by eachfaculty member 2 Also to check whether the computer allocated to them are working

properly

50



51



Define MIS List the advantages of MIS

Why an MIS is need for an organization

Characteristic of valuable information withExamples

Role of MIS in an Organization

What is information systems Give Examples



Indian Railways is looking for ways tomove towards unwired applications It realtime data of seat vacant is available thenby the time the train reaches the nextdestination the seats can be filled upagain

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Data vs Information






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Data Manipulation




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strategic advantage

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information system




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business

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bull Synergy




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Accumulate

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Hardware

People

Software

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Cost


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DataStorage


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attendance


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Data vs Information






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information system




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Accumulate

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Hardware

People

Software

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Cost


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DataStorage


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4





5





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Data vs Information






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Hardware

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Hardware

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Data vs Information






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information system




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Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

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attendance


properly

50



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bull Synergy




20






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properly

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Cost


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DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

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Evaluating

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attendance


properly

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properly

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attendance


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attendance


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36






digital network

Business process



37



Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51















32







Blog


33






34








35





36






digital network

Business process



37



Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51














Blog


33






34








35





36






digital network

Business process



37



Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51













34








35





36






digital network

Business process



37



Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51















35





36






digital network

Business process



37



Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51












36






digital network

Business process



37



Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51













digital network

Business process



37



Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51










Conthellip

38



39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51










39



40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51










40



41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51










41



42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51










42








43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51















43






44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51













44




decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51











decision-making


45








46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51















46




47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51











47




DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51











DataStorage


ManagerialFunctions

Planning

Directing


Evaluating

Decision Making



Management

Knowledge

Management


48








49







attendance


properly

50



51















49







attendance


properly

50



51














attendance


properly

50



51










51








L1 - Intro MIS

Documents

Transcript of L1 - Intro MIS