k2m3_boekje

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0 Cn`pyh

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7 Elcs}cp

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6 Rs`cp

9 Kmhllczjcd}

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;: Aczlkjf}zhpakdcd;= Ncdz}psk}icjyjlsz

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;7 Whhp`cfhcmznimmclcd

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;6 Wcpzrpcimida wkd zhk’z

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02 Lcwcd

0; Jfkplcz Mkpqid

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0: Hpmc

0= Kkpmc

03 Fc} hd}z}kkd wkd lcwcd

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01 Cwhls}ic, zjfcrrida? qk} aclhh oio8+

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Jhlhghd

Mc Rkzzic 02;2.02;;

Ks}csp? Jhpidc @phsqcp, Kdmpck Z}sio ' Qhs}cp ]cplhsq

]cwcdz qcpe}cd ncc? Kdjh wkd Nhhlcd`phce

Whpnacwida? Dije mc Ehdida

Gh}h whhpekd}? Ric} ]cplhsq

Elkz 0 nhmslc : ‖Cvrcpicdjc . Lcwcd’

Qc fc``cd ac}pkjf} mc pcjf}nk}iac ciacdkpcd wkd kllc k`cclmidacd }c kjf}cpfklcd$Nhjf} s }hjf wkd ncdida iod mk} ccd k`cclmida iz ac`psie} qkkpwkd s mc

pcjf}fc``cdmc `cd} mkd wcphcecd qio s wpicdmclioe hn jhd}kj} nc} hdz hr }c dcncd

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Jhd}cv} ;? Hd}qieeclida

Mi} `hce iz wkd?

Dkkn

Ohdacd ( ncizoc

Lcc}iom

Id}phmsj}ic

Klz `k`y ak oc nc} oc wkmcp h nhcmcp dkkp fc} jhdzsl}k}ic`spcks$ Mkkp qhpm} ccd

aphci`hceoc whhp oc idacwslm$ Id mi} aphci`hceoc z}kk} hhe idhpnk}ic hwcp c}cd, mpidecd,

zrclcd, lcpcd cd achdmfcim$ Qkkpzjfiodlioe fc` oio hhe h’d aphci`hceoc+ Wpkka cp }fsiz

ccdz dkkp$

Mi} aphci`hceoc iz wkd 2 }h} = okkp$$$ oknncp ciacdlioe+ Whhpmk} oc ac`hpcd qhpm}, aphci ochhe kl dcacd nkkdmcd$ Cd dk oc wicpmc okkp aphci oc dha ccd rhhzoc wcpmcp$ Mkkp akkd qc

qk} kkd mhcd+ Oio akk} ccd aphci`hce nkecd$ Wkd .9 nkkdmcd }h} `cokkpm+

Hr mc clh z}kkd wccl qc`zi}cz mic oc esddcd fclrcd nc} fc} hcecd dkkp idhpnk}ic+



= e0n:j;

; Fc} hd}z}kkdNcdz ' Dk}ssp

Rzkln ;:9

Fccp, s mhhpaphdm} nc, s ecd} nc$

S ic} nio h ie ds i} h z}k$ S wcpz}kk} niod acmkjf}cd kl wkd wcppc$

S zlkk} nio akmc h ie ds psz} h qcpe$

Qk} ie hhe mhc? fc} iz s wcp}phsqm$

Whhp cp ccd qhhpm hwcp niod lirrcd ehn}, qcc} s kl, Fccp, qk} ie mcde$

S `cd} hn nc fccd, s `cd} whhp nc cd kjf}cp nc,

cd sq fkdm lia} hr niod zjfhsmcp$

Mk} s nc h ecd} ekd ie dic} `cwk}}cd, fc} akk} niod wcpz}kdm }c `hwcd$Qkkp ekd ie s hd}lhrcd, qkkp ekd ie s hd}wlsjf}cd8

Kl hs ie hrelinncd dkkp mc fcncl, s `cd} cp5

kl hs ie kmklcd dkkp fc} mhmcdpioe, s }pc ie cp kkd$

Kl wlhha ie dkkp fc} si}cpz}c hhz}cd h z}pcce ie dccp id fc} wcpz}c qcz}cd,

hhe mkkp hs s nio lcimcd, hhe mkkp fhsm} sq fkdm nio wkz}$

Kl wphca ie mc msiz}cpdiz?

‖Wcp`cpa nc, lkk} fc} dkjf} qhpmcd hn nio fccd,’

clz mkd wcp`cpa} mc msiz}cpdiz nc dic}5

whhp s iz mc dkjf} klz mc mka, mc msiz}cpdiz klz fc} lijf}$

S qccmc nio id mc zjfhh} wkd niod nhcmcp, s mccm nio hd}z}kkd$Ie mkde s, qkd} fc} iz ccd qhdmcp hklz ie `cd acnkke}$

Kllcz qk} s nkke}, iz ccd qhdmcp$ Mk} `czc ie fccl ahcm$

Ie qkz whhp s dic} wcp`hpacd }hcd ie id mk} msiz}cp aphcimc,

klz id fc} `iddcdz}c wkd mc kkpmc$

S ka nio }hcd ie dha accd whpn fkm, cd niod mkacd qkpcd kl wkz}acz}clm,

kl aczjfpcwcd id sq `hce, whhp cp ééd cdeclc qkz kkdac`phecd$

Fhc micr iod sq acmkjf}cd, niod Ahm, cd fhc hdcidmia id ac}kl$

Fhc hs ie c esddcd }cllcd+

]klpioecp iod c mkd mc ehppclz wkd fc} kdm$

]clecdz klz ie hd}qkke, `cd ie dha nc} s `cia$

Niod Ahm, ie hs qillcd mk} s nizmkmiacpz hn`pkjf},

mk} s nhhpmcdkkpz wkd nio kficlm$

Fsd rlkddcd iod }cacd s acpijf}, io niz`psiecd sq dkkn$

Fccp, hs ie dic} fk}cd qic s fk}cd,

dic} wcpkzjfsqcd qic ijf ecpcd }cacd s8

Ie fkk} fcd nc} fccl niod fkp}, c iod niod wiokdmcd$

Niod Ahm, mhhpaphdm nio, eioe id niod fkp},

hdmcphce nio, rcil niod acmkjf}cd$

Mpcia ie wkd s k }c mqklcd, `pcda nio mkd }cpsa hr mc qca dkkp s$

Lccz mcc rzkln$ Hdmcpz}pccr qk} whlacdz ohs }c nkecd fcc} nc} fc} hd}z}kkd wkd

ohsq lcwcd$;



3e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Ccd cn`pyh iz ccd ncdz, micp h ccd rlkd} id mc wphcaz}c z}kmik wkd mc

hd}qieeclida$’ ‖wkd fc} Apicez cn`pshd > hdac`hpcd wpsjf}’ &qieircmik)

0 Cn`pyh

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm

@ceioe mc ln ‖Fc} qhdmcp wkd dicsq lcwcd’$ Id mcc ln qhpm} mc aphci wkd ccd dicsq

ncdzoc aclnm$ Cp qhpm} si}aclcam fhc mclcd wkd fc} ncdzclioe lijfkkn ijf hd}qie.

eclcd$ Eicz ééd mcclhdmcpqcpr si}$ Lc} ficp cv}pk ahcm hr cd zjfpio hr fhc mc hd}qie.

eclida rlkk}zwidm}$

Eicz si}?

† kpncd ' fkdmcd

† whc}cd ' ̀ cdcd

† hpcd ' hacd

;

Mc ccpz}c mka

Ccd kkmjcl cd ccd cijcl ehncd `io clekkp &assp ;)

cd wcpzncl}cd$ Cp hd}z}kk} ccd eidmoc$ Qkddccp mc

`cwpsjf}ida rlkk}zwidm}, ehncd mc jfphnhzhncd wkd

mc nhcmcp cd wkmcp `io clekkp$ Mc 0: jfphnhzhncd

wkd mc nhcmcp fcjf}cd ijf kkd mc 0: jfphnhzhncdwkd mc wkmcp cd nkecd hr mcc nkdicp mc kllcpccpz}c

jcl mic mc ecdncpecd `cwk} wkd fc} dicsqc idmiwims$

Wkdk ds lia} wkz} h fc} }hcehnz}iac eidmoc `psidc h

`lksqc hacd kl fc``cd cd h fio qcl h accd kkdlca kl

fc``cd whhp ccd `crkklmc ice}c$ Kl iz cp dha dic}z wkd

}c icd, fc} z}kk} hhe kl wkz} h fc} }hcehnz}ia eidmoc

ccd ohdacd h ccd ncizoc qhpm}$

Mc ccpz}c mka dk mc `cwpsjf}ida fcc} mc `cwpsjf}c

jcl ijf acmcclm id }qcc jcllcd$ Hdacwccp :2 ssp dk mc

`cwpsjf}ida iod mi} cp kl wicp acqhpmcd$ Mc ehncdmc

}iom kl mi} h mhhpakkd? hn mc }qkkl }h} wio}icd ssp

kl fc} kkd}kl jcllcd wcpms``clcd$ Fc} wpsjf}oc aphci}

pkcdmzdcl? hdacwccp 7 mkacd dk mc `cwpsjf}ida

`cz}kk} fc} wpsjf}oc kl si} fhdmcpm jcllcd$

mc ̀ cwpsjf}idaGiassp ;



7 e0n:j;

Dk 7: mkacd

Kl dk 7: mkacd &9 qcecd) iz mc

hc}sz kl ccd jhnrlcc} ncdzoc$ Mc

`clkdapioez}c idqcdmiac hpakdcd

iod ds kkdaclcam cd mc `clkdapioec

si}qcdmiac lijfkknzmclcd iod ac.

whpnm$ Fc} eidmoc iz cjf}cp dha

lkda dic} elkkp hn ac`hpcd }c qhp.mcd, fc} nhc} dha wccl aphcicd$

Dk ;: qcecd fcc} mc hc}sz ccd

lcda}c wkd 7 jcd}inc}cp$ Mc `k`y

fcc} ds widacp}ocz mic lhz wkd cl.

ekkp esddcd `cqcacd$ Fc} nhdmoc ekd hrcd cd mijf}, cd nizzjficd iz mc elcidc kl id

z}kk} iod msin id iod nhdmoc }c z}hrrcd h mc dkwclz}pcda wkz} }c rkeecd$

mc hd}qieeclida wkd fc} cn`pyh wkd mc ;c }h} mc ;;c qcce

Giassp ;

_hce hr fhc aphh} ccd cijcl iz$0

Nkke ccd aphcijspwc wkd mcc ccpz}c : nkkdmcd$ Hr mc qc`zi}c f}}r?((qqq$kllcz.

hwcpeidmcpcd$dl(dcXhd}qieeclidawpsjf}$f}n z}kk} idhpnk}ic hwcp mc aphci wkd fc}

cn`pyh$

Nkke ccpz} ccd }k`cl nc} mc mk}k cd wcpwhlacdz mc apkce$ ]cecd mkkpdk mc apkce$

:

Qcce Lcda}c



1e0n:j;

_hce ccd k`cclmida wkd ccd cjfh mic acnkke} iz `io ;0 qcecd$ Rlke mcc hr id fc}

hdmcpz}kkdmc wke$ Nizzjficd iz cp qcl ccd cjfh wkd occl mic oc esd} ehricåpcd$=

Gh}hwke? ccpz}c cjfh

Ohdacd h ncizoc8

]iomcdz mc `cwpsjf}ida, klz mc

zdclz}c kkmjcl ijf id mc cijcl`hhp}, iz kl msimclioe qcle aczlkjf}

fc} eidmoc kl fc``cd$

Fc} aczlkjf} qhpm} ̀ crkklm

mhhp jfphnhzhncd$ Ccd

jfphnhzhhn iz msz mc mpkacp

wkd fc} cpclioe nk}cpikkl$ Mc

aczlkjf}zjfphnzhncd iod mc V.

cd Y.jfphnhzhncd$

Clec lijfkknzjcl ̀ cwk} =7

jfphnhzhncd$ Jfphnhzhncd

ehncd kl}iom id rkpcd whhp, msz

ciacdlioe nhc} oc caacd mk} oc

0: rkpcd fc`}$ Hn whhp}rlkd}idaccd ekpyhapkn wkd ccd ncdz? mc 0: jfphnhzhncd5 cp iod ficp

}qcc V.jfphnhzhncd

Giassp :

nhaclioe }c nkecd, iz fc} wkd

`clkda mk} id fc} eidmoc hhe =7 jfphnhzhncd whhpehncd$ Hn mkkp}hc }c ehncd, esd oc

zlcjf}z ééd mccl wkd ohsq rkpcd jfphnhzhncd mhhpacwcd$ Mkkphn iod aczlkjf}zjcllcd

si}hdmcpidacd5 c fc``cd accd =7 nkkp 0: jfphnhzhncd$ Inncpz, ccd cijcl cd ccd

kkmjcl qhpmcd h zkncd qccp ccd eidmoc nc} =7 jfphnhzhncd$ Id assp : ic oc

ccd hwcpijf} wkd mc 0: jfphnhzhncd$ Ccd hwcpijf} wkd mc jfphnhzhncd wkd ccd

hpakdiznc qhpm} ccd ekpyhapkn acdhcnm$



6 e0n:j;

Id fc} ekpyhapkn z}kkd msz 00 jfphnhzhncdrkpcd acpkdazjfie} wkd elcid dkkp aphh}$

Rkkp dsnncp 0: iod mc aczlkjf}zjfphnhzhncd$ Ccd wphsq fcc} }qcc eccp ccd

V.jfphnhzhhn cd ccd nkd fcc} ccd V. cd ccd Y.jfphnhzhhn$ Ccd cijcl fcc} msz kl}iom

ccd V.jfphnhzhhn$ Ccd kkmjcl fcc} msz h ccd V. h ccd Y.jfphnhzhhn$ Kfkdeclioe

wkd fc} aczlkjf}zjfphnhzhhn id mc kkmjcl qhpm} fc} cn`pyh ccd ohdacd h ccd

ncizoc$ Fcc} mc kkmjcl ccd V mkd qhpm} fc} VV > ccd ncizoc$ @cwk} mc kkmjcl ccd Y,

mkd epioa oc VY > ccd ohdac}oc$

Ehp}hn?

† Wphsqcd fc``cd kllccd V.jfphnhzhncd, msz VV$ Mc cijcl fcc} msz kl}iom ccd

V.jfphnhzhhn$

† Nkddcd fc``cd kl}iom ccd V. cd ccd Y.jfphnhzhhn, msz VY$ Mc kkmjcl fcc} msz ccd

V. h ccd Y.jfphnhzhhn$

Ccd `cwpsjf}c cijcl ekd }qcc jhn`idk}icz fc``cd? VV h VY

† VV > ccd ncizoc

† VY > ccd ohdac}oc

Qkkp liaacd jfphnhzhncd8

K id mc jclecpdcd wkd zrcjiklc lijfkknzjcllcd

@ id mc jclecpdcd wkd kllc lijfkknzjcllcd

J id fc} jy}hrlkznk wkd zrcjiklc lijfkknzjcllcd

M id fc} jy}hrlkznk wkd kllc lijfkknzjcllcd

3

Jfphnhzhncd ehncd id rkpcd whhp$ Fhcwccl rkkp jfphnhzhncd fcc} ccd ncdz87

Mc aczlkjf}zjfphnhzhncd `crklcd h icnkdm ccd nkd h ccd wphsq iz$ Qk} iz mc

jhmc whhp ccd wphsq81



9e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Ccd hc}sz iz ccd hdac`hpcd wpsjf} id fc} z}kmisn qkkpid aclioecdiz nc}

fc} whlqkzzcd z}kmisn akk} hr}pcmcd, id mcc kzc zrpcecd qc nccz}kl dic}

lkdacp hwcp cn`pyh$’ &qieircmik)

: Ghc}sz

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm

@clkdapioez}c hd}qieeclida? Lcda}c?

K`cclmida?

Nkkdm :



;2 e0n:j;


K`cclmida?

Nkkdm 3


K`cclmida?

Nkkdm 1



;;e0n:j;


K`cclmida?

Nkkdm 9

Nkke ccd aphcijspwc wkd mcc 7 nkkdmcd$ Ac`psie mc qc`zi}c? f}}r?((qqq$kllczhwcp.

eidmcpcd$dl(dcXhd}qieeclidawpsjf}X}pin0$f}n$ Lc} hr? dic} `io clec qcce z}kk} ccdkkd}kl jcd}inc}cpz$ Ac`psie mc lcda}cz mic oc qcl qcc}$

Nkke ccpz} ccd }k`cl nc} mc mk}k cd wcpwhlacdz mc apkce$ ]cecd mkkpdk mc apkce$

;

Qcce Lcda}c Qcce Lcda}c



;0 e0n:j;

_hce hr wkdk qkddccp ccd }c wphca ac`hpcd `k`y lcwcdzwk}`kkp iz$0

_hce ccd k`cclmida wkd ccd cjfh mic acnkke} iz `io 02 qcecd$ Rlke mcc hr id fc}

hdmcpz}kkdmc wke$ Nizzjficd iz cp qcl ccd cjfh wkd occl mic oc esd} ehricåpcd$:

Gh}hwke? }qid}ia qcecd cjfh



;:e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖@k`y h siaclida iz ccd kkdmsimida whhp mc ohdaz}c eidmcpcd$ Ncd zrpcce}

hwcp ccd ̀ k`y }h}mk} fc} eidm rcs}cp qhpm} acdhcnm$ Wkke qhpm} hhe ccd

hc}sz h hdac`hpcd eidm, msz dha id mc `kkpnhcmcp, ccd `k`y h `sie`k`y

acdhcnm$’ &qieircmik)

= @k`y

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm

C}cd

Fc} ccpz}c fkl okkp fcc} ccd `k`y kllccd ncle dhmia$ Kllcz qk} fc} dhmia fcc} i} mkkpid$

Zhnniac eidmcpcd qillcd kl nc} = h 3 nkkdmcd ccd fkroc psi} c}cd$ Dk ccd fkl okkp

ekd fc} lkdakkn ncc akkd c}cd nc} fc} cc}pi}nc wkd fc} acid$ Mpic nkkl}iomcd rcp

mka$

Achdmfcim

@io iod ac`hhp}c epioa} ccd eidm kd}iz}hcd wkd iod nhcmcp ncc$ Mic z}hcd `czjfcpncd

fc} eidm }cacd ice}cz$ Dk 7 nkkdmcd iz mic `czjfcpnida hwcp$ Mkd akk} fc} eidm cl

qccpz}kdm hr`hsqcd }cacd wipszzcd cd `kj}cpiåd$ Hn qccpz}kdm }c epioacd, nhc} fc}

eidm ccpz} ice qhpmcd$ Kl mic wcpwclcdmc apicrocz, wcpehsmfcmcd cd eidmcpice}cz nhc}

fc} eidm nccnkecd$

RpieecdCcd rkkp eidmcpice}cz iod }c cpdz}ia hn mhhp }c nkecd$ Mkkp}cacd epioa} fc} eidm ccd

rpie hr fc} jhdzsl}k}ic`spcks$ Mk} iod `iowhhp`cclm rhli, }c}kdsz cd eidefhcz}$

Phecd

Whhp `k`y’z cd ohdac eidmcpcd iz ‖nccphecd’ cv}pk acwkkplioe$ _c esddcd mkd zdcllcp lkz}

fc``cd wkd hhphd}z}ceida cd lhdahd}z}ceida$ Mc ekdz hr qicacdmhhm &> hdwcpqkjf}c

mhhm wkd ccd `k`y) qhpm} hhe aph}cp$ _hpa cp mkkphn whhp, mk} eidmcpcd dic} id mc phhe

i}}cd$ ]fsiz dic}, id mc ks}h dic}, nkkp hhe dic} `io kdmcpcd$

Hhe phecd }iomcdz mc qkdacpzjfkr iz acwkkplioe whhp fc} eidm$ Dijh}idc cd

ehhlnhdhvimc ehncd id fc} `lhcm wkd fc} eidm$

Hd}qieeclida

Qk} whhp ekpke}cp fcc} mc `k`y8

Oc esd} kl kkd fc} acmpka wkd ccd eidm icd qcle ekpke}cp fc} fcc}$ Qkjf} fc} psz}ia

hr iod whcmida8 H epioz} fc} eidm }h} fc} fclcnkkl phhm iz, klz fc} cwcd nhc} qkjf}cd8

Ccd eidm nc} ccd cl ekpke}cp fsil} zdcllcp hn wkd kllcz mkd ccd psz}ia eidm$ Hn ic}z fccl

elcidz ekd oc eidm mkd kl fccl mpi}ia qhpmcd$

Fhc nkke oc jhd}kj} nc} mc `k`y8

Rpk}cd ekd ccd `k`y dha dic}$ Nkkp kkd fc} acijf} esd oc fccl ahcm icd fhc fc} ijf

whcl}$ Eioe} fc} eidm }cwpcmcd8 Mkd whcl} fc} ijf ahcm$ Eioe} fc} eidm oc kkd cd nkke} fc}

aclsimocz8 Mkd qil fc} jhd}kj} nc} oc+ Mi} dhcn oc mc zhjiklc hd}qieeclida$



;= e0n:j;

Qk} lccp} ccd `k`y8

Ccd `k`y hd}qieecl} ijf lijfknclioe cd ncd}kkl &> wcpz}kdmclioe) mhhp wccl }c lcpcd$ Mc

`k`y lccp} i}}cd, z}kkd cd lhrcd$ Fc} lcpcd `cqcacd nc} fc} fclc lijfkkn dhcn oc aphwc

nh}hpizjfc hd}qieeclida$ Ccd `k`y lccp} hhe elcidc `cqcaidacd }c nkecd, whhpkl nc} mc

fkdmcd$ Ccd `k`y lccp} nc} iod whc}ocz }c zrclcd cd `lheocz hr }c rkeecd$ Mi} dhcn oc mc

odc nh}hpizjfc hd}qieeclida$

Fhc qkz ohsq ekpke}cp8 @cd oc cpa wcpkdmcpm h fc` oc dha fc}clmc ekpke}cp klz}hcd oc ccd `k`y qkz8

;

Fc} ccpz}c qk} `k`y’z mpidecd iz ncle$ Qk} iz fc} ccpz}c whcmzcl mk} c c}cd80

Ecschrmpkjf}

Hr mc clh widm oc idhpnk}ic hwcp ccd ecschrmpkjf}$ Lccz mcc idhpnk}ic ahcm mhhp$ Oc

nka whhp mcc ecschrmpkjf} ccd ̀ k`y h`zcpwcpcd$

Gh}hwke? ccpz}c fkroc &oc nka oc ciacd h}h ficp hwcpfccd rlkeecd+)



;3e0n:j;

Ecschrmpkjf}


nka whhp mcc ecschrmpkjf} ccd rcs}cp h`zcpwcpcd$

@ihlhaic

‖Ccd rcs}cp iz ccd eidm }szzcd jipjk ééd okkp cd mc idz}kr id mc

elcs}cpzjfhhl$’ &qieircmik)

3 Rcs}cp

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm


K`cclmida?

Okkp ;.0

Ccd ohda eidm lccp} z}ccmz `c}cp jhd}kj} }c nkecd nc} kdmcpc ncdzcd$ Fhc qhpm}

mcc hd}qieeclida acdhcnm8

;



;7 e0n:j;


K`cclmida?

Okkp 0.:


K`cclmida?

Okkp :.=



;1e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Mc elcs}cp}iom `caid} dk mc rcs}cp}iom, klz fc} eidm dkkp mc elcs}cpzjfhhl

akk}, cd cidmia} hr ccd lcc}iom wkd h’d cz okkp, qkddccp fc} eidm ijf nccp

`cqsz} qhpm}, pckliz}izjfcp cd k`z}pkj}cp mcde} cd hwcpz}kr} dkkp mc lkacpc

zjfhhl$’ &qieircmik)

7 Elcs}cp

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm


K`cclmida?



;6 e0n:j;

Wsl fc} whlacdmc zjfcnk id$ Ac`psie mkkp`io?

@io aphwc nh}hpizjfc hd}qieeclida? lccp} c}zcd . lccp} elinncd . lccp} lhrcd . lccp}

z}kkd . lccp} }cacd ccd `kl zjfhrrcd . lccp} }pkrlhrcd

@io godc nh}hpizjfc hd}qieeclida? lccp} ccd `lheoc hrrkeecd . lccp} ccd }hpcd}oc `hsq.

cd . lccp} c}cd nc} ccd lcrcl . lccp} nc} iod whc}ocz zrclcd . lccp} }cecdcd . lccp} wc}cpz

z}pieecd

@io zhjiklc hd}qieeclida? lccp} nc} kdmcpc eidmcpcd zrclcd . lccp} rpk}cd . lccp}

pckacpcd hr kdmcpc ncdzcd

;

Hd}qieeclida @k`y Rcs}cp Elcs}cp

Aphwc nh}hpizjfc

hd}qieeclida

Giodc nh}hpizjfc

hd}qieeclida

Zhjiklc hd}qieeclida

Ecschrmpkjf}


nka whhp mcc ecschrmpkjf} ccd elcs}cp h`zcpwcpcd$



;9e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Ccd zjfhhleidm iz ccd eidm wkd 7 }h} ;0 okkp$ Id Dcmcplkdm i} ccd

zjfhhleidm id aphcr mpic }h} cd nc} kjf} wkd mc `kzizzjfhhl’ &qieircmik)

1 Zjfhhleidm

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm


K`cclmida?

Acc mpic whhp`cclmcd wkd accz}clioec hd}qieeclida &> ncd}klc h wcpz}kdmclioec

hd}qieeclida) `io ccd zjfhhleidm$

Qk} whdm oc cl lcse kkd fc} zjfhhleidm iod8

;

0



02 e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Mc rs`cp}ci} iz mc rcpihmc qkkpid ncizocz cd ohdacd ijf }h} whlqkzzcdc

hd}qieeclcd$ _c qhpmcd aczlkjf}zpior cd hd}qieeclcd ijf ncd}kkl }h}

whlqkzzcdcd$ Id fc} klacnccd iod mcc wcpkdmcpidacd fc} nccz} hrwkllcdm

}szzcd }icd cd kjf}}icd okkp$’ &qieircmik)

6 Rs`cp

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm


K`cclmida?

Ccd `hcicdmc kzc wkd oc lcwcd? mc rs`cp}ci}$ Oc i} cl hhe id mc rs`cp}ci}5 mk} `c}cecd}?

oc qhpm} whlqkzzcd$ Oc lijfkkn wcpkdmcp}$ Oc acwhclcdz wcpkdmcpcd$ Mc fclc qcpclm

iz kkd fc} wcpkdmcpcd, cd fhc hrqidmcdm mi} kllcnkkl hhe iz, zhnz iz fc} `cfhhplioe

idzrkddcdm$ Nkke ccd hd}mceeidaz}hjf} mhhp oc ciacd lijfkkn$ Cp ac`csp} dknclioe ic}z

fccl `clkdapioez nc} ohs$ Oc nhc} qc}cd qk} mk} iz$ Qkd} mc rs`cp}iom fcc} nkkp ééd

mhcl? clz}kdmia mhhp fc} lcwcd esddcd akkd$

Acmspcdmc mc eidmcp}iom aphcicd mc aczlkjf}zhpakdcd acqhhd ncc nc} fc} lijfkkn,

hdmcp mk} cp wccl wcpkdmcp}$ Mc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd mic oc kl wkdk oc ac`hhp}c fc`}dhcn oc mc rpinkipc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd$ Rkz `io fc} `caid wkd mc rs`cp}ci} akkd io ijf

whllcmia hd}qieeclcd cd `caiddcd z}kr whhp z}kr }c qcpecd$

Id mc fcpzcdcd qhpmcd fhpnhdcd acnkke} mic id fc} `lhcm ehncd$ Mic fhpnhdcd

hpacd cpwhhp mk} cp id mc cicpz}heecd cd kkm`kllcd aczlkjf}zfhpnhdcd qhpmcd



0;e0n:j;

acnkke}$

]iomcdz ohsq hd}qieeclida qhpmcd hr ccd acacwcd nhncd} z}ccmz nccp

aczlkjf}zfhpnhdcd acnkke}$ Mi} ac`csp} nccz}kl hr ccd lcc}iom wkd }icd }h} cl okkp `io

ncizocz$ @io ohdacdz ac`csp} fc} ééd }h} }qcc okkp lk}cp$ Mc aczlkjf}zfhpnhdcd hpacd

cpwhhp mk} oc lijfkkn wcpkdmcp}$ Mc lijfknclioec ecdncpecd mic hd}z}kkd id mc rs`cp}ci}

iod mc zcjsdmkipc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd$

Ohdacdz cd ncizocz lioecd qcl qk} hr clekkp klz io dha eidmcpcd iod$ Nkkp mk} wcpkdmcp}klz mc rs`cp}ci} `caid} cd mic wcpkdmcpidacd akkd `cfhhplioe zdcl$ Ds ic} oc lijfkkn cp

nizzjficd dha si} klz mk} wkd ccd eidm, nkkp }cacd fc} cidmc wkd mc rs`cp}ci} fc` oc fc}

lijfkkn wkd ccd whlqkzzcdc$ Id jhd}cv} 0 lccz oc nccp hwcp mc aczlkjf}zhpakdcd$ Wcpmcp

ncpe oc wcpkdmcpidacd hr mic oc dic} esd} icd? oc hrwk}}idacd, ncdidacd cd acwhclcdz

wcpkdmcpcd$

_h’d aph}c wcpkdmcpida widm} dk}ssplioe dic} wkd mc cdc hr mc kdmcpc mka rlkk}z$ Nccz}kl

mssp} fc} ccd kkd}kl okpcd$ Cd mcc okpcd esddcd `cfhhplioe idzrkddcdm iod$ Hnmk} oc

fc} kllcnkkl dic} nccp h ahcm qcc}, oc clwcp}phsqcd nizzjficd kdccn}, oc nizzjficd

hdcecp qhpm} cd oc oc zjfkkn} whhp occl$ Oc fc`} ccd hnacwida dhmia mic oc `capior}

cd z}csd}$

Qkkpkkd ncpe} ccd ncizoc mk} c wpsjf}`kkp iz8

Qclec rpinkipc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd fcc} ccd ncizoc8

Ccd ohdacd iz wpsjf}`kkp? qk} `c}cecd} mk}8

@czjfpio fc} wcpzjfil }szzcd rpinkipc cd zcjsdmkipc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd cd ac`psie

fc} qhhpm fhpnhdcd$

;

0

:

=

_hce hr qk} }cp}ikipc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd iod$3



00 e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Kmhlczjcd}ic iz mc hwcpakda id mc hd}qieeclida }szzcd mc ocsam cd

whllcmiac whlqkzzcdfcim, fc}accd ccd rcpihmc pcrpczcd}ccp} qkkpid ccd

rcpzhhd `ihlhaizjf, nkkp dic} cnh}ihdccl whlaphcim iz$’ &qieircmik)

9 Kmhlczjcd}

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm


K`cclmida?

Hhe id mc rcpihmc wkd kmhlczjcd}ic wcpkdmcp} cp wccl$ Oc qhpm} nccp cd nccp whlqkzzcd$

Hr ;6 okpiac lcc}iom `cd oc whhp mc Dcmcplkdmzc qc} whlqkzzcd h nccpmcpokpia$

Mi} `c}cecdm mk} oc `iowhhp`cclm z}cnpcjf} epioa}, nkkp hhe mk} oc fclcnkkl cl

wcpkd}qhhpmclioe whhp mc qc} qhpm} whhp kl oc mkmcd$ Hr ;6 okpiac lcc}iom nka oc hhe

`caiddcd nc} fc} whlacd wkd piolczzcd$

Hr 0; okpiac lcc}iom `cd oc hdkfkdeclioe, mi} `c}cecdm mk} oc acfccl whhp occl esd}

hpacd$

Id mc rpke}ioe ekd mc whqkzzcdfcim qk} `c}c} oc lijfknclioec cd accz}clioec hd}qieeclida,

ccpmcp h lk}cp rlkk}zwidmcd$ Wccl ohdacpcd iod kl qcl lijfknclioe whlqkzzcd, nkkp

nhc}cd accz}clioe dha wcpmcp hd}qieeclcd$



0:e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Qc dhcncd icnkdm ccd whlqkzzcdc klz mic clz}kdmia, msz hdmcp mc fslr

wkd kdmcpcd, ekd fkdmclcd$’ &qieircmik)

;2 Whlqkzzcdc

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm


K`cclmida?

Qk} iod ohsq mphncd klz whlqkzzcdc8

;



0= e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

‖Icnkdm wkd acwhpmcpmc lcc}iom qhpm} qcl ̀ cokkpm acdhcnm$ Qk} mic

lcc}iom iz, iz zs`ocj}ic Whhp wccl ohdacpcd iz icnkdm wkd `hwcd mc 73

`cokkpm$ Klz ncd zrpcce} wkd ccd fhha`cokkpmc `cmhcl} ncd icnkdm wkd

`hwcd mc 62 okkp$’

;; @cokkpmc

Lcc}iom

Ecpdqhhpm


K`cclmida?



03e0n:j;

@ihlhaic

;0 Zkncdacwk}

Hd}qieeclidazkzc Ecdncpecd



07 e0n:j0

Jhd}cv} 0? Zcezskli}ci}

@ihlhaic

;: Aczlkjf}zhpakdcd

Zrcjikkl whhp ncimcd

@io ncizocz `cwidmcd mc aczlkjf}zhpakdcd ijf id mc hdmcp`sie, rcpcj} `czjfcpnm mhhpfc} zjfkkn`ccd$ Id mc k`cclmida esd oc kllcz msimclioe icd?

whhpkkdijf} wphsq iokkdijf} wphsq

Giassp ; Giassp 0

Mc wkaidk iz mc wcpìdmida }szzcd mc aczlkjf}zhpakdcd cd mc `si}cdqcpclm$ Mc wkaidk

iz ccd clkz}izjfc `siz$ _io iz ccp dksq ìo mc idakda cd qhpm} wcpmcp dkkp ìddcd wccl

qiomcp$ Mc idakda wkd mc wkaidk lia} }szzcd mc hrcdida wkd mc spidc`siz cd mc kdsz$

Kkd mc `si}cdekd} qhpm} mc idakda dkkp mc wkaidk `cmce} mhhp mc aph}c cd elcidc

zjfkknlirrcd cd phdmhn mc idakda dkkp mc wkaidk i} fc} nkkamcdwlicz, ccd kjf}c

clkz}izjfc fsimrlhhi$ Fclcnkkl whhpkkd, dha whhp mc spidc`siz, i} mc jli}hpiz$ Kkd fc}cidmc wkd mc wkaidk lia} mc `kkpnhcmcpnhdm, ccd }knclioe z}pkeec ‖pida’ nc} ccd fclc

elcidc hrcdida mic }hcakda acc} }h} mc `kkpnhcmcp$ Mc `kkpnhcmcp `cz}kk} si} ccd

mieec zricpqkdm mic ccd elcidc fhl}c hnzlsi}$ ]qcc msddc `sicd, mc cilcimcpz, lhrcd wkd

fc} `hwcdz}c mccl wkd mc `kkpnhcmcp dkkp mc cicpz}heecd$

]iomcdz mc rs`cp}ci} nkke} ohsq lijfkkn ijf acpccm

whhp fc} epioacd wkd ccd `k`y$ Fc} ccpz}c aczlkjf}z.

hpakkd mk} wcpkdmcp}, iz oc wkaidk$ Fc} nkkamcdwlicz

phdmhn mc idakda dkkp oc wkaidk qhpm} kjf} cd clkz.

}izjf, oc aph}c zjfkknlirrcd aphcicd cd `cmceecd ocelcidc zjfkknlirrcd$ Wlke mkkpdk ̀ caid} oc zjfkknfkkp

}c aphcicd cd `caiddcd hhe oc `hpz}cd aph}cp }c qhpmcd$

Zhnz aphci} mc cdc `hpz} zdcllcp mkd mc kdmcpc$ Dk wcp.

lhhr wkd }iom qhpm} mi} nccz}kl acjhppiaccpm$ H ohsq

`hpz}cd aphh} h elcid qhpmcd, lia} kl wkz} ìo oc ac`hhp}c$

Oc akk} hhe fkpmcp aphcicd cd oc lijfkkn qhpm} wphsqc.

lioecp, nc} dknc id mc rcpihmc whhp mc ccpz}c ncdz}psk}ic$

Oc `ceecd ìowhhp`cclm qhpm} qk} `pcmcp, qkd} klz oc hhi}

qkdacp qhpm}, kl oc `k`y mic psin}c dhmia fc``cd$ Mc

aphcikzc iz nccz}kl kacphdm phdm oc cwcd}icdmc$ ]cacdmic }iom fc` oc oc si}cidmclioec lijfkknzaphh}}c `cpcie}$ Oc

fc`} mkd fkkpaphci id oc zjfkknz}pcce cd hdmcp oc kpncd,

cd oc ̀ hpz}cd iod whlaphcim$ Kl mcc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd

dhcncd qc zcjsdmkipc aczlkjf}zecdncpecd &assp :)$ hd}qieeclida ̀ io ccd wphsq

Giassp :



01e0n:j0

Zrcjikkl whhp ohdacdz

@io ohdacdz `cwidmcd mc aczlkjf}zhpakdcd ijf whhpdknclioe kkd mc `si}cdekd} wkd fc}

lijfkkn$ Oc esd} c id mc k`cclmida icd?

whhpkkdijf} nkd iokkdijf} nkd

Giassp = Giassp 3

Mc rcdiz `cz}kk} si} mpic ziakkpwhpniachpakdcd &qcllijfkncd), mic ijf }iomcdz

zcezsclc hrqidmida nc} `lhcm wsllcd,

qkkpmhhp mc rcdiz z}io qhpm}$ Fc} whhpz}c

mccl wkd mc rcdiz, mc ciecl, iz mcclz `cmce}

mhhp mc whhpfsim$ Mc rcdiz fcc} }qcc

sdj}icz? }cd ccpz}c micd} fio whhp fc}

rlkzzcd cd }cd }qccmc qhpm} fio ac`psie}

klz whhp}rlkd}idazhpakkd }iomcdz mc

aczlkjf}zacnccdzjfkr$ Hdmcp mc rcdiz

`cwidmcd ijf }qcc kkm`kllcd id mc`klke &zjph}sn) nc} icmcp ccd ìo`kl$ Mc

kkm`kllcd dhcncd qc hhe qcl }ccl`kllcd

h }cz}ieclz$ ]iomcdz mc rs`cp}ci} `caiddcd

mc kkm`kllcd kkmjcllcd &assp 7) }c

rphmsjcpcd, mic qhpmcd hraczlkacd

id mc ìo`kl$ Mc nkddclioec kkmjcllcd

micdcd cpwhhp hn mc wphsqclioec cijcl

}c ̀ cwpsjf}cd$ _kkmjcllcd cd kkmwhjf}zjfcnk}izjfc }cecdida wkd ccd kkmjcl

Giassp 7

zkncd dhcncd qc zrcpnk$ Mc kkmjcllcd iod cpa elcid$ Oc esd} c kllccd hdmcp ccd

nijphzjhhr icd$ ]iomcdz zcezsclc hrqidmida &mi} ekd ̀ iowhhp`cclm qhpmcd wcphhpkke}

mhhp kkdpkeida h mhhp mphncd), qhpmcd cp kkmjcllcd wpioacacwcd mhhp mc ìo`kl$ Wik mc

kkmlcimcp rkzzcpcd io mc rphz}kk}elicp cd mc kkm`lkkzocz$ Mkkp qhpmcd io wcpncdam

nc} fc} whjf} wkd mc kkm`lkkzocz cd mc rphz}kk}, whhpmk} io wik mc z}iowc rcdiz qhpmcd

si}acz}h}cd$ Mi} qhpm} ccd kkmlhida acdhcnm$ Fc} whjf} mk} qhpm} }hcacwhcam si}

mc kkm`lkkzocz cd mc rphz}kk}elicp, hpa} cpwhhp mk} mc kkmjcllcd ̀ cqccalioe qhpmcd

cd acmspcdmc ccd ̀ crkklmc }iom `liowcd lcwcd$ Mkkpmhhp esddcd mc kkmjcllcd mc lkdac

qca dkkp mc wphsqclioec cijcl kgcaacd$

Mc ccpz}c msimclioec wcpkdmcpidacd ìo ohdacdz iod mc aphci wkd mc kkm`kllcd &mic wkke

wcpzjfillcdmc aphh}}cz esddcd fc``cd cd hdaclioe esddcd fkdacd), mc rcdiz cd fc}

zjfkknfkkp$ Klz mc kkm`kllcd ̀ caiddcd }c aphcicd, ̀ caid} hhe mc kkdnkke wkd zrcpnk$Mc ccpz}c kkmlhida id mc zlkkr ekd cdiac }iom ficpdk rlkk}zwidmcd$ Mi} `c}cecd} mk} fc}

zrcpnk dic} rcp zc ìo `cqsz}iod qhpm} aclhhzm$ Mi} iz fccl dhpnkkl$ Icmcpc ohdacd

fcc} mcc hacdkknmc ‖dk}}c mphncd’ }iomcdz mc rs`cp}ci}$



06 e0n:j0

@io ohdacdz widm} mc aphcizrsp} nccz}kl ic}z lk}cp rlkk}z

mkd ìo ncizocz$ Oc qhpm} qkkpmcp cd hd}qieecl} `pcmcpc

zjfhsmcpz$ Oc fcsrcd `liowcd nccz}kl znkl$ Phdm oc

wio}icdmc okkp epioa oc mc `kkpm id mc eccl$ Oc z}cn qhpm}

qkkpmcp cd nkddclioecp$ Mc }hcacdhncd rphmsj}ic wkd

aczlkjf}zfhpnhdcd hpa} cp hhe whhp mk} oc acijf}zfkkp

`caid} }c aphcicd$ @io ohdacdz iz, dc} klz ìo mc ncizocz, mc

aphcikzc hr hdacwccp oc cwcd}icdmc okkp kaclhrcd$ Hrmcc lcc}iom fc` oc oc si}cidmclioec lcda}c `cpcie}, fc`

oc fkkpaphci id mc zjfkknz}pcce cd hdmcp oc kpncd cd

iod oc kkm`kllcd cd rcdiz whllcmia hd}qieeclm$ Fhcqcl

mc aphh}}c wkd mc rcdiz ccd `clkdapioe hdmcpqcpr iz

whhp wccl ohdacdz, fcc} fc} k`zhlss} accd idwlhcm hr oc

zcezlcwcd h mc wpsjf}`kkpfcim$

hd}qieeclida ̀ io ccd wphsq

Giassp 1

@cdhcn mc mclcd wkd fc} wphsqclioe whhp}rlkd}idaz.

z}clzcl k }h} cd nc} d wkd assp 6$ Acc whhp cle wkd mc

hdmcpmclcd hhe mc sdj}icz kkd$Ac`psie mkkpìo? f}}r?((qqq$ìhrlce$hpa(kdink}icz(

whhp}rlkd}ida(idfhsmwhhp}rlkd}ida$f}nl

;

iokkdijf} wkd fc} wphsqclioe whhp}rlkd}idazz}clzcl

Giassp 6

Hdmcpmccl Gsdj}ic

k



09e0n:j0

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f

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d



:2 e0n:j0

@cdhcn mc mclcd wkd fc} nkddclioe whhp}rlkd}idazz}clzcl k }h} cd nc} h wkd assp 9$

Acc whhp cle wkd mc hdmcpmclcd hhe mc sdj}icz kkd$

Ac`psie mkkp`io? f}}r?((qqq$`ihrlce$hpa(kdink}icz(whhp}rlkd}ida(

idfhsmwhhp}rlkd}ida$f}nl

0

iokkdijf} wkd fc} nkddcdlioe whhp}rlkd}idazz}clzcl

Giassp 6

Hdmcpmccl Gsdj}ic

k

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j

m

c



:;e0n:j0

a

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h

Qkkphn ehn} cp }iomcdz ccd kkmlhida accd spidc mhhp mc spidc`siz dkkp `si}cd8:



:0 e0n:j0

@ihlhaic

Whhp kllc }icdcpz iz mc rs`cp}ci} ccd `czlizzcdmc kzc id fsd lcwcd$ Ncizocz

iod cp ijf dha nccp `cqsz} wkd mkd ohdacdz mk} io whlqkzzcd `caiddcd }c

qhpmcd$ Qkd} mi} iz fc} nhncd} qkkphr io whhp fc} ccpz} fsd ncdz}psk}ic

epioacd, hhe qcl hdacz}clmfcim acdhcnm$ Cp iz fkkz} accd ncizoc mk}

dic} hdacpsz} iz hwcp h si}eioe} dkkp mcc ac`csp}cdiz? qkddccp kl fc}

`caiddcd8 Fhc kl fc} iod8

;= Ncdz}psk}icjyjlsz

Mc ncdz}psk}icjyjlsz iz ccd ijf whhp}mspcdm fcpfklcdm rphjcz$ Fc} `caid} hr mc ccpz}c

mka wkd mc ncdz}psk}ic cd cidmia} hr mc lkk}z}c mka whhp mc whlacdmc ncdz}psk}ic$

Mc nccz}c ncizocz qhpmcd }szzcd fsd }qkklmc cd mcp}icdmc okkp whhp fc} ccpz}

hdacz}clm$ Fc} cvkj}c nhncd} qhpm} `crkklm mhhp mc fhpnhdcd$

Id assp ; }h} = ic oc qk} cp id mc whhp}rlkd}idazhpakdcd wkd ccd wphsq ac`csp}?

;$ Cp pior} ccd cijcl id ccd wkd mc cicpz}heecd &assp ;)$0$ Fc} `kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz qhpm} mieecp cd cp aphcicd nccp `lhcmwk}cd id$ Mkkpmhhp

qhpm} mc `kkpnhcmcp aczjfie} hn ccd `k`y }c lk}cd aphcicd$

:$ Mc cizrphda h hwslk}ic iz ;= mkacd whhp fc} `caid wkd mc dicsqc jyjlsz$ Dk mc

cizrphda `lio} mc cijcl dha ;0 }h} 0= ssp lcwcd$ Qhpm} mc cijcl dic} `cwpsjf} mkd akk}

io mhhm &assp 0 cd :)$

=$ Fc} wcpmie}c `kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz iz dic} nccp dhmia cd lkk} dk dha }qcc qcecd lhz$

Z}seocz wkd mi} zlionwlicz mpsrrclcd zkncd nc} qk} `lhcm si} mc wkaidk$ Mk} fcc}

ncdz}psk}ic h hdacz}clm iod &assp =)$

piorida wkd ccd cijcl cizrphda

Giassp ; Giassp 0

mc cijcl akk} id mc pijf}ida wkd mc `kkpnhcmcp

Giassp :

ncdz}psk}ic

Giassp =

Dk mc ncdz}psk}ic `caid} kllcz qccp hrdicsq$ Qk} cp wkd mc cdc ncdz}psk}ic }h} mc

whlacdmc ac`csp}, fcc} mc ncdz}psk}icjyjlsz$ Ccd jyjlsz mssp} acnimmclm 06 mkacd,

nkkp ekd hhe lkdacp iod$



::e0n:j0

Mc ncdz}psk}ic qhpm} acpcaclm mhhp fhpnhdcd$ Kkd fc} `caid wkd mc ncdz}psk}icjyjlsz

&assp 3) akk} hdmcp idwlhcm wkd ccd fhpnhhd si} mc fyrhyzc ccd ci`lkkzoc &hlliecl)

aphcicd$ Mc cijcl id ccd ci`lkkzoc pior} mkd$ ]iomcdz fc} aphcicd rphmsjccp} ccd ci`lkkzoc

z}ccmz nccp wkd fc} fhpnhhd hcz}phaccd$ Mk} fcc} mpic acwhlacd?

;$ Cp akkd accd kdmcpc cijcllcd piorcd$

0$ Fc} `kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz qhpm} mieecp$

:$ _i} cp wccl hcz}phaccd id fc} `lhcm mkd acc} mc fyrhyzc ccd zcid}oc whhp mc

cizrphda$

Dk mc cizrphda akk} fc} ci`lkkzoc `cfklwc hcz}phaccd hhe dha fc} fhpnhhd

rphacz}cphd rphmsjcpcd$ Rphacz}cphd z}inslccp} mc aphci cd mhhp`lhcmida wkd fc}

`kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz$ Klz mc cijcl dic} `cwpsjf} iz, dccn} mc rphmsj}ic wkd hcz}phaccd

cd rphacz}cphd k$ Ficpmhhp ehn} mc ncdz}psk}ic hr cd `caid} mc jyjlsz hrdicsq$

mc ncdz}psk}icjyjlsz

Giassp 3

_c} hdmcpz}kkdmc ac`csp}cdizzcd id mc osiz}c whlahpmc$

k$ Cp hd}z}kkd cijcllcd

`$ Ccd cijcl qhpm} mhhp mc cilcimcp wcpwhcp}

j$ Ccd ci`lkkzoc qhpm} z}ccmz aph}cp

m$ Cp widm} ncdz}psk}ic rlkk}z

c$ Cp widm} ccd cizrphda rlkk}z

;

.4 .4 .4 .4

Qk} ac`csp} cp }iomcdz mc hwslk}ic8

]iomcdz qclec lcwcdzkzcd wkd ccd wphsq ekd hwslk}ic rlkk}zwidmcd8

0

:



:= e0n:j0

Id qcle acmccl}c wkd fc} whhp}rlkd}idazz}clzcl wkd ccd wphsq widm} mc `cwpsjf}ida

rlkk}z8=

Qk} iz ncdz}psk}ic83

Fhc ehn} fc} mk} ncizocz cd wphsqcd zhnz lkz} fc``cd wkd `sieepknrcd }iomcdz fsd

ncdz}psk}ic8

7

Ccd wphsq acc} hr mc eklcdmcp &assp 7)

kkd qkddccp c hdacz}clm iz acqhpmcd$

Mk} iz hr : okdskpi$

Qkddccp fcc} mcc wphsq fkkp hwslk}ic8

1

Okdskpi 02;;

Giassp 7

Hr qclec mkacd iz io wpsjf}`kkp8 @cmcde ficp`io mk} kkmjcllcd acnimmclm }qcc }h}

mpic mkacd lcwcd$

Hr qclec mk}sn fcc} io fkkp whlacdmc ncdz}psk}ic 8

Qk} ac`csp} cp nc} fkkp ncdz}psk}ic klz cp ccd `cwpsjf}ida fcc} rlkk}zacwhdmcd8



:3e0n:j0

Klz ccd wphsq fkkp ncdz}psk}ic fcc} acfkm, `caid} mc kkdaphci wkd fc} `kkpnhcmcp

zlionwlicz hrdicsq$ Mi} zlionwlicz qhpm} }iomcdz mc jyjlsz z}ccmz mieecp$ Hdmcp idwlhcm

wkd qclec fhpnhdcd widm} mcc kkdaphci rlkk}z8

6

Qk} iz mc sdj}ic wkd fc} kkdaphcicd wkd fc} `kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz8

Ccd ncdz}psk}ic iz fc} acwhla wkd fc} dic} `cwpsjf}cd wkd ccd cijcl$ Qk} ac`csp} cp

}iomcdz mc ncdz}psk}ic8

K `kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz cd `lhcm akkd si} `kkpnhcmcp wkd wphsq

@ `kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz cd cijcl akkd si} `kkpnhcmcp wkd wphsq

J `lhcm, zrcpnkjcl cd cijcl akkd si} `kkpnhcmcp wkd wphsq

M `lhcm cd whcmidazz}hcd akkd si} `kkpnhcmcp wkd wphsq

9

;2

Lca si} qkkpmhhp ccd ncizoc mk} mc kd}ijhdjcr}icril ac`psie} dic} qkdacp ekd

qhpmcd &ic whhp qcpeida kd}ijhdjcr}icril fhhmz}se ;7)$;;

@ihlhaicMc `cwpsjf}ida wkd ccd cijcl nc} ccd kkmjcl ekd rkz rlkk}zwidmcd klz ccd

nkd cd wphsq acnccdzjfkr h zcez nc} clekkp fc``cd acfkm$ Nkkp mk}

iz dic} mc cdiac sdj}ic wkd zcezskli}ci}$ Zcezskli}ci} iz `clkdapioe whhp }qcc

rkp}dcpz hn clekkp licmc }c esddcd acwcd$ Zcezskli}ci} iz msz hhe ic}z hn

wkd }c acdic}cd cd `clkdapioe whhp mc `kdm }szzcd nkd cd wphsq$

;3 Zcezskli}ci}

Cp qhpm} id hdc jsl}ssp zhnz fccl `kdkkl hwcp zcez aczrphecd$ Oc lccz} fc} hdmcp kdmcpc

id }iomzjfpi}cd h fhhp} cp ic}z hwcp hr }w$ Oc ic} id hdc nkk}zjfkrrio mk} ncdzcd zcez

ac`psiecd hn cp cdecl fc} acdh} wkd ncc }c nkecd, nkkp dic} mc pclk}ic nc} mic kdmcpc

rcpzhhd kkdakkd$ Klz oc dic} id licmc hr mc kdmcp `cd} acpijf}, mkd qhpm} zcez ccd ehp}ccpwkpida wkd acdh} mic oc accd cjf}c `cwpcmiaida `icm}$ Mk} nkke} zcezskli}ci} }h} ic}z,

qkkpwhhp fc} dic} `cmhclm iz$ Whhp zcez iz id}ini}ci} dhmia$ Oc acc} oc inncpz fclcnkkl

`lhh} kkd clekkp$ _hqcl lc}}cplioe klz assplioe$ Zcez }szzcd nkd cd wphsq wpkka} msz hn

ccd pclk}ic wkd licmc cd }phsq mic io nc} clekkp fc``cd$



:7 e0n:j0

Si} ccd hdmcphce ‖zcez hdmcp oc 03z}c’ &Ps}acpz Dizzh Aphcr(Zhk Kimz Dcmcplkdm)

`lioe} mk} :2 # wkd mc zjfhhlakkdmc ocsam cpwkpida nc} aczlkjf}zacnccdzjfkr

fcc}$ Nizzjficd fc` oc qcl ccdz acwhcl mk} icmcpccd wkd ohsq lcc}iom zcezsccl

kj}ic iz$ Nkkp ficpsi} `lioe} mk} psin 0(: wkd oc lcc}iomacdh}cd accd cpwkpida nc}

aczlkjf}zacnccdzjfkr fcc}$

Mc ìo`cl akk} fc} hdmcpqcpr zcezskli}ci} dic} si} mc qca$ Mc ìo`cl iz rhzi}ic hwcp

zcezskli}ci}$ Mc licmc }szzcd nkd cd wphsq cd mc ìo`cfhpcdmc zcezskli}ci} qhpmcd`czjfpcwcd klz ccd aphh} aczjfcde$ Qc lccd mk} id fc} `hce Fhhalicm$ Nkkp hhe id

Acdcziz lccd qc ficp hwcp, klz Kmkn wcplkda} dkkp ccd rkp}dcp ca} Ahm? ‖Fc} iz dic}

ahcm mk} mc ncdz kllccd iz’$ Mc ncdz fcc} ccd ncmcncdz dhmia, ccd rkp}dcp$ Cd Ahm

acc} Kmkn ccd rkp}dcp hn lic }c fc``cd cd }phsq kkd }c iod$

Qk} mhc} fc} oc hn }c lccd mk} zcezskli}ci} ccd aczjfcde wkd Ahm iz8;

Qk} fc` oc cl wkd fsiz si} nccacepcacd phdm pclk}icz cd zcezskli}ci}80

Fhc akk} ncd hn(mcde} ncd hwcp fc} si}cplioe wkd wphsq cd nkd8 Mcde kkd pcjlknc

hr }w, zhkrzcpicz cd rhz}cpz lkdaz zdclqcacd$:

Fhc ak oc klz ohdacd cd ncizoc nc} clekkp hn8 Mcde ìowhhp`cclm kkd fhc oc oc ac.

mpkka} id mc aphcr }cd hrijf}c wkd fc} kdmcpc aczlkjf}$

=

Lccz fhc mc mijf}cp wkd Fhhalicm `czjfpio} fhc mc nkd mcde} hwcp fc} si}cplioe wkd

mc wphsq$ Lccz Fhhalicm ;?9.;3 cd =? ;.13



:1e0n:j0

Lccz fhc mc mijf}cp wkd Fhhalicm `czjfpio} fhc mc wphsq mcde} hwcp fc} si}cplioe wkd

mc nkd$ Lccz Fhhalicm 3? 9.;7 cd 0? 6 cd 97

Qk} iz mc hrwk}}ida wkd mc mijf}cp hwcp fhc ccd ohdacd ccd ccd ncizoc nc} clekkp

hsmcd nhc}cd hnakkd id fsd pclk}ic8 Lccz Fhhalicm =? 9 cd ;2 cd 7?: cd 1?;2 cd 6?;.

: cd 0?7

1

Qk} ca} mc mijf}cp wkd Fhhalicm hwcp fc} }iomz}ir wkd fc} `caiddcd wkd ccd zcezsclc

pclk}ic5 mc apcdcd wkd fhc wcp oc akk} id mic pclk}ic cd nc} qic oc ccd pclk}ic kkdakk}8

Lccz Fhhalicm 0?1 cd :?3 cd =?;0 cd 7?9 cd 6? = cd 1

6

Acppy Wclcnk ' Eccz Epkkiocdhhpm

Oc akk} ds eioecd dkkp ccd lcida qkkpid Acppy Wclcnk cd Eccz Epkkiocdhhpm whhp ncmc.jfpiz}cdcd zrpcecd$ Id mcc lcida wcp}cllcd c hwcp fsd rcpzhhdlioec lcwcd$ Oio qkz hhe

}c akz} cd oc qhpm} acwpkkam h oio whlacdm okkp ic}z rcpzhhdlioez qil} mclcd hn kdmcpc

lcc}iomzacdh}cd qccp wcpmcp }c fclrcd$

Wcpqcpe mi} id ccd

† licmczlicm

† acmijf}

† pkr

† licmczwcpfkkl

† mka`hcepkancd}

Oc nka eiccd si} ccd wkd mc whlacdmc hrmpkjf}cd$ Zjfpio hr fhc oc cl mcde} hwcp

† fhnhzcezskli}ci} &ic hhe fhhmz}se ;1)

† }iomzjfpi}cd qkkpid wccl hwcp zcez qhpm} aczrphecd



:6 e0n:j0

† zcezskli}ci} id mc nkk}zjfkrrio cd id mc ìo`cl

† fc} idwlhcm si}hccdcd hr oc ciacd zcezsclc acwhclcdz cd mc zcezsclc acwhclcdz wkd

fc} kdmcpc aczlkjf}

† kmwcp}cd}icz, qkkpid wccl ̀ lhh} whhpehn}

@cmcde ìo fc} hdmcpqcpr

† fhc oc cp cl ncc hnakk} &ìowhhp`cclm fhc oio cl nc} fhnh’z hnakk} h qk} ccd

kp}iecl mk} akk} hwcp zcez nc} occl mhc})† ncdida wkd kdmcpcd ( mc ìo`cl ( mc nkk}zjfkrrio

Oc lcwcp} fc} rcpzhhdlioe id ccd cdwclhr id h oc nka fc} whhplccd(idacd(pkrrcd$

@ihlhaic

Ccd nkd cd ccd wphsq esddcd whhp`cfhcmznimmclcd ac`psiecd

hn mkkpncc }c whhpehncd mk} cp ccd `cwpsjf}ida rlkk}zwidm}$ Mc

wcpzjfillcdmc whhp`cfhcmznimmclcd qcpecd cle hr ccd kdmcpc nkdicp$

;7 Whhp`cfhcmznimmclcd

Fc} jhdmhhn

Ccd jhdmhhn &assp ;) iz ccd ps``cpcd fhczoc, mk} hn mc

rcdiz qhpm} aczjfhwcd$ Mc kkmjcllcd qhpmcd hr mic nkdicp

id fc} jhdmhhn hracwkdacd$ Ccd jhdmhhn qhpm} hnacmkkd

}iomcdz mc cpcj}ic$ Oc esd} ccd jhdmhhn nkkp ccd eccp

ac`psiecd$ Fc} hpa}

cp hhe whhp mk} cp accd

ice}cwcpqceecpz }sz.zcd nkd cd wphsq

qhpmcd hwcpac`pkjf}$

Fc} jhdmhhn ìcm}

msz hhe `czjfcpnida

}cacd Kimz cd kdmcpc

zcezsccl hwcpmpkka.

`kpc kkdmhcdidacd

&zhk’z )$

Mc kd}ijhdjcr}icrilId mc ril &assp :) i}}cd fhpnhdcd, mic cpwhhp hpacd mk}

mc wphsq accd hwslk}ic fcc}$ Hhe hpa} mc ril cpwhhp mk}

mc zlionlkka phdm mc `kkpnhcmcpnhdm qk} mieecp qhpm}$

_h esddcd cp msz nhcilioe kkmjcllcd dkkp ìddcd$ Ccd

wphsq nhc} mc ril clec mka iddcncd$ Id mc qcce qkkpid mc

ncdz}psk}ic rlkk}zwidm} qhpm} wkke accd ril idacdhncd$ Cp

iod wcpzjfillcdmc zhhp}cd kd}ijhdjcr}icrillcd$ Ccd kp}z ekd cp

hr }hcicd qclec zhhp} fc} `cz}c ìo mc wphsq rkz} cd qkkp

c dic} }c wccl ìoqcpeidacd wkd fcc}$ Mc }k`lc}}cd i}}cd id

z}pirz, qkkphr mc mkacd wkd mc qcce z}kkd$ _h ekd ccd wphsqahcm icd h c mic mka mc ril kl fcc} idacdhncd$ Ncizocz

mic wccl lkz} fc``cd `sieepknrcd }iomcdz fsd ncdz}psk}ic

esddcd wkd mc fsizkp}z zhnz hhe mc kd}ijhdjcr}icril

whhpaczjfpcwcd epioacd$

ccd hracphlm jhdmhhn

Giassp ;

fc} hnmhcd wkd fc}

jhdmhhn? fhsm fc} }hroc

wkd fc} jhdmhhn wkz} cdphl nc} mc kdmcpc fkdm fc}

jhdmhhn hwcp mc rcdiz

Giassp 0



:9e0n:j0

z}pirz wkd mc kd}ijhdjcr}icril

Giassp :

Fc} wphsqcdjhdmhhn

Fc} wphsqcdjhdmhhn iz ccd ps``cpcd keoc mk} mc wphsq id fkkp wkaidk rlkk}z} &assp

=)$ Fc} wkda} fc} zrcpnk hr, hmk} fc} dic} id mc wkaidk ehn}$ Hhe fc} wphsqcdjhdmhhn

ìcm} ̀ czjfcpnida }cacd zcezsccl hwcpmpkka`kpc kkdmhcdidacd$ Oc esd} fc} jhdmhhnnkkp ccd eccp ac`psiecd$

Fc} rczzkpisn

Fc} rczzkpisn iz ccd phdm ekroc mk} oc hwcp mc `kkpnhcmcpfklz id mc wkaidk rlkk}z}

whhpmk} oc akk} wpiocd$ Oc znccp} cp hhe kkmmhmcdm nimmcl id cd hr, qkkpmhhp

kkmjcllcd mc ̀ kkpnhcmcp dic} lcwcdm esddcd ̀ iddcdehncd$

ccd idac`pkjf} wphsqcdjhdmhhn

Giassp =

fc} id`pcdacd wkd ccd rczzkpisn

Giassp 3

ccd zripkkl}oc

Giassp 7

Fc} zripkkl}oc

Fc} zripkkl}oc iz ccd esdz}z}h kdecp}oc &0,3 }h} :,3 jn lkda) mk} id mc `kkpnhcmcp qhpm}acrlkk}z} hn qkdacpzjfkr }c whhpehncd$ Mi} ac`csp} mhhp ccd fsizkp}z$ Fc} zripkkl}oc

hpa} whhp wcpkdmcpidacd id fc} `kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz, qkkpmhhp mc ̀ cwpsjf}c cijcl ijf

dic} ekd iddcz}clcd$ Zhnniac jfpiz}cd iod }cacd fc} ac`psie wkd ccd zripkkl}oc, hnmk}

oc ccd `cwpsjf}c cijcl kz}hh}, qk} msz hr k`hp}sz lioe}$ Kdmcpc jfpiz}cdcd wcpmcmiacd

mk} mhhp }c caacd mk} oc hr aphdm wkd mc @io`cl dic} nc} cecpfcim ekd caacd h

fc} ncdzclioe lcwcd `caid} ìo mc wcpzncl}ida wkd ccd cijcl cd ccd kkmjcl, h ìo mc

iddcz}clida id mc `kkpnhcmcp$

Mc rpieril

Mc rpieril iz ccd idocj}ic nc} fhpnhdcd, mic oc clec : nkkdmcd ìo mc fsizkp}z nhc}fklcd$ Mc fhpnhdcd id mc ril hpacd cpwhhp mk} cp accd cizrphda hd}z}kk}$



=2 e0n:j0

Z}cpilizk}ic

@io z}cpilizk}ic wkd mc wphsq qhpmcd mc cilcimcpz wik ccd hrcpk}ic ac`lheeccpm$ @io

z}cpilizk}ic wkd mc nkd qhpmcd mc kkmlcimcpz ac`lheeccpm$ Mcc idapccr iz mcdi}ic$

Nhpdida.k}cpril

Ccd wphsq ekd dk mc aczlkjf}zacnccdzjfkr dkkp ccd kp}z }hc akkd hn ccd nhpdida.

k}cp ril }c fklcd$ Mi} iz ccd dhhmnkk}pcacl klz `iowhhp`cclm mc jhdmhhn aczjfcspm iz$

Mc wphsq nhc} mkd ccd kkd}kl mkacd rillcd zlieecd nc} aph}c fhcwcclfcmcd fhpnhdcd$_c ekd ficpmhhp nizzclioe qhpmcd$

K`hp}sz

Klz fc} }c lkk} iz whhp mc nhpdida k}cpril ekd mc wphsq whhpmk} c ;: qcecd qkdacp

iz hn ccd k`hp}sz wpkacd$ Ccd wphsq mic hn k`hp}sz wpkka} fcc} dk fc} aczrpce

nc} mc kp}z dha 3 mkacd wcprlijf}c `cmcde}iom$ Nc} ccd siarhnroc qhpm} fc}

`kkpnhcmcpzlionwlicz nc} fc} cn`pyh qcaachacd$

Qk} widm oc cpwkd klz ncdzcd dhhmnkk}pcaclcd }hcrkzzcd klz c hdacqcdz} qkdacp

iod acqhpmcd8 Nkke} fc} mkkp`io wcpzjfil si} h c mc nhpdida.k}cpril ac`psiecd h k`hp}sz lk}cd rlcacd8 Nkke} fc} whhp ccd k`hp}sz wcpzjfil si} h ccd ncizoc si} wpioc

qil nc} icnkdm dkkp `cm iz acqccz}, h iz wcpepkjf}8

;

Id mc hdmcpz}kkdmc }k`cl z}kkd mc whhp`cfhcmznimmclcd si} mi} fhhmz}se$ Wsl mc

}k`cl wcpmcp id nc} mc qcpeida wkd fc} nimmcl &qkkphn whhpehn} fc} `cwpsjf}ida)

cd mc whhp. cd dkmclcd wkd fc} nimmcl$

0

Whhp`cfhcmz.

nimmcl

Qcpeida Whhpmccl Dkmccl

Jhdmhhn

Kd}ijhdjcr}ic.

ril

Wphsqcdjhd.mhhn



=;e0n:j0

Rczzkpisn

Zripkkl}oc

Rpieril

Z}cpilizk}ic

@ihlhaic

Klz }qcc rkp}dcpz wkd fc}clmc aczlkjf} ccd pclk}ic nc} clekkp epioacd mkd

dhcncd qc mic rcpzhdcd fhnhzcezsccl$ Mi} iz fc} }cacdhwcpacz}clmc wkd

fc}cphzcezsccl &}qcc wcpzjfillcdmc aczlkjf}cd)$

;1 Fhnhzcezskli}ci}

Cp ̀ cz}kkd id mc jfpiz}clioec qcpclm wcpzjfillcdmc ncdidacd hwcp fhnhzcezskli}ci}$

Zhnniac caacd mk} mc ìo`cl fhnhzcezskli}ci} kqioz}$ Kdmcpcd caacd mk} fc} `capir

fhnhlic, hklz qio mk} ecddcd, dic} whhpehn} id mc ìo`cl$ Mc ìo`cl ca} diez hwcpfhnhzcezsclcd mic fsd pclk}ic id licmc cd }phsq `clcwcd$

Lccz nc} mc elkz ccd kkd}kl ìo`cl}cez}cd$ Zjfpio cphdmcp qk} c }c `c}cecdcd fc`.

`cd$

Lcwi}ijsz 02?;:

;

Lcwi}ijsz ;6?00



=0 e0n:j0

Phncidcd ;?03.06

; ]inh}fcüz ;?9

Oc akk} ds z}ilz}kkd `io ccd kkd}kl zi}sk}icz mic

oc id oc hnacwida }cacd hs esddcd ehncd$ Id

kllc acwkllcd akk} fc} hn jfpiz}clioec fhnh’z$

Lccz hdmcpz}kkdmc zi}sk}icz?

Lsjkz? ‖Niod `phcp Kl`cp} iz fhnh$ Ds fcc} fio

zidmz ehp} ccd wpicdm Pie$ Ie widm Pie ccd }hc

akz}, mk} qcl$ Nkkp }hjf? ccd `phcp mic ccd pclk}ic

fcc} nc} ccd kdmcpc nkd8 Ie qcc} fc} dic}$ Ie

msp fc} hr zjfhhl id icmcp acwkl dic} }c wcp}cllcd$’

Qkkphn hs Lsjkz hr zjfhhl dic} mspwcd wcp.

}cllcd mk} iod `phcp ccd wpicdm fcc}8

0

Z}cl mk} Kl`cp} ohsq `phcp iz$ Qk} hs fc} whhp ohs `c}cecdcd id oc pclk}ic nc} oc

`phcp8

Giassp ;



=:e0n:j0

Cz}fcp? ‖Ie ̀ cd lcz`icddc$ Ie ̀ cd jfpiz}cd$ Mk} ̀ c}cecd}whhp nio mk} ie dhhi} ccd pclk}ic ekd fc``cd$ Accd

nkd, accd eidmcpcd$ Dk}ssplioe fc` ie qcl wpicdmid.

dcd$ Nkkp klz ie wcplicm qhpm} hr ccd ncizoc, mkd ekd

ie fkkp dic} wpkacd h io wcpecpida nc} nio qil$ Mk}

nka dic}$ Msz, ds nhc} ie kl}iom kllccd `liowcd$ Ie qhpm}

mkkp qcl ccdz wcpmpic}ia wkd, nkkp ie qcc} cecp mk}

Ahm nio qil fclrcd hn mi} epsiz }c mpkacd$’

Qkkphn hs Cz}fcp cpwhhp eiccd kllccd }c `liowcd8

Qk} hs Cz}fcp wkd ohs dhmia fc``cd hn ijf acpczrcj}ccpm }c whclcd8

@ihlhaicZhnniac ice}cd esddcd wik zcezsccl jhd}kj} qhpmcd hwcpacmpkacd$ Mcc

ice}cd qhpmcd ZHK’z& zcezsccl hwcpmpkka`kpmc kkdmhcdida) acdhcnm$

;6 Wcpzrpcimida wkd zhk’z

Z}cl mk} Kl`cp} ohsq `phcp iz$ _hs oio cphwcp rpk}cd nc} elkzacdh}cd8 _h ok, fhc8

Giassp 0

Id Dcmcplkdm widmcd cp okkplioez dkkp zjfk}}ida psin ;22$222 dicsqc zhk.idcj}icz rlkk}z$

Mc nccz} whhpehncdmc ZHK’z id Dcmcplkdm iod Jflknymik, Acdi}klc qpk}}cd, Ahdhpphc,

Fcrk}i}iz @, Fcprcz acdi}kliz, Zyliz cd FIW.wipsz$



== e0n:j0

FIW? Nc} mc elkz ak oc ds dk`hh}zcd fhc fc} FIW.wipsz ijf hdmcp mc ncdzcd ekd wcp.zrpcimcd$

† Mc elkz qhpm} id wicp aphcrcd wcpmcclm$ Clec aphcr epioa} ccd `crkklm zcezsccl acmpka

klz phl }hcacqccd?

. Aphcr ; ‚ hd}fhsm} ijf wkd zcezsccl jhd}kj}

. Aphcr 0 ‚ wpio} nccz}kl wcilia, nkkp k cd }hc dic}

. Aphcr : ‚ wpio} ds ccdz wcilia, mkd qccp dic}

. Aphcr = ‚ wpio} dhhi} wcilia

† Oc epioa} mc hrmpkjf} hn mhhp mc elkz }c lhrcd cd cle }icd eccp ‖nc} icnkdm jhd}kj} }c

fc``cd’$ Mi} qhpm} si}ac`cclm mhhp nc} mc kdmcp }c rphhz}cd, kl mkd dic} dkmk} ncdmc idfhsm wkd fsd `cecp}ocz nc} clekkp acncdam fcc}$ Hn }c ncdacd fhc} ncd

kllccd fc} cdc `cecp}oc id fc} kdmcpc lcca }c aic}cd hn wcpwhlacdz mc fcl} wkd fc} ds

whllc `cecp}oc qccp }cpsa }c mhcd$ Clec aphcr wcp}hhd} kdmcp acmpka?

. Aphcr ; ‚ rphhz} kllccd nkkp cd fhsm} mc idfhsm wkd fc} ciacd ̀ cecp}oc hdac.

ncdam

. Aphcr 0 ‚ lkk} fc} nccz}kl `io rphhz}cd, nkkp kl }qcc eccp mc idfhsm wkd fc} ciacd

`cecp}oc ncdacd nc} mic wkd mc kdmcp

. Aphcr : ‚ lkk} fc} mc cdc eccp `io rphhz}cd, nkkp kl ccd kdmcpc eccp &id }h}kkl nid.

z}cdz wicp eccp) mc `cecp}ocz ncdacd

. Aphcr = ‚ qil ciacdlioe kl}iom ncdacd, kl kl mc kdmcp mkkp dic} kl}iom ncc idz}cn.

ncd

Dk khhr `czrpcce oc qk} cp iz ac`csp}$ Qk} esd oc ds wcp}cllcd hwcp mc wcpzrpcimida

wkd fc} FIW.wipsz8

0

Jflknymik

Acdi}klc qpk}}cd

Ahdhpphc

Fcrk}i}iz @

Fcprcz acdi}kliz

Zyliz

_hce wkd wkd mc hdmcpz}kkdmc ice}cd hr qk} mc ice}cwcpzjfiodzclcd iod$;



=3e0n:j0

@ihlhaic

;9 FIW(Kimz

Id mc elkz epioa oc 02 z}cllidacd }c icd hwcp FIW(Kimz$ Ficphdmcp iod mc z}cllidacd hhe

qccpacacwcd, hmk} oc esd} kkdacwcd h oc fc} cp qcl h dic} ncc ccdz `cd}$

Acc `io clec z}cllida kkd h mcc whlacdz ohs osiz} iz h dic}$

;

Z}cllida Osiz} Hdosiz}

;$ FIW iz fc}clmc klz Kimz

0$ Kimz qcpm hdacwccp 03 okkp aclcmcd hd}mce}

:$ Fc} Kimz.wipsz qhpm} kllccd hwcpacmpkacd wik zcezsccl jhd}kj}

=$ Kimz ehn} whhpkl `io fhnhzcezsclc nkddcd whhp

3$ Mc nccz}c ncdzcd nc} Kimz qhdcd id Kpiek

7$ Mhhp hdwcilia zcezsccl acmpka esd oc `cznc} pkecd nc} Kimz

1$ Cp `cz}kk} ccd z}cpe wcp`kdm }szzcd kpnhcmc cd Kimz

6$ Klz oc Kimz epioa}, iz mk} ‚ fhc fkpm fc} hhe elide} ‚ whhp ccd mccl oc

ciacd zjfslm

9$ Kimz iz mhhmzhhpkke dsnncp ; id mc qcpclm

;2$ Oc ekd dic} acdccd wkd Kimz

;;$ Oc ekd }cacd Kimz idacåd} qhpmcd

;0$ Ie ekd cpwhhp hpacd mk} ie cl accd Kimz epioa

;:$ Ie ekd ic}z mhcd kkd mc `cz}piomida wkd Kimz

;=$ Fc} fhac Kimz.jiocp id hd}qieeclidazlkdmcd iz fc} acwhla wkd ccd

zlhpmiac zcezsclc nhpkkl

;3$ Csphrckdcd fc``cd ccd achdmcpc zcezsclc nhpkkl mkd

Kpiekdcd

;7$ Dcmcplkdm nhc} nccp hd}qieeclidazaclm `cz}cmcd kkd fc}

whhpeúncd wkd Kimz

;1$ Pioec lkdmcd mhcd acdhca kkd hdmcphce dkkp ncmijiodcd }cacd

Kimz

;6$ Zcezsclc hd}fhsmida iz fc} `cz}c nimmcl }cacd Kimz

;9$ Ie whcl nio dic} wcpkd}qhhpmclioefcim whhp ncdzcd nc} Kimz

02$ Klz icnkdm id niod elkz Kimz hs fc``cd, hs ie mk} qillcd qc}cd



=7 e0n:j0

Ak dkkp qqq$osz}jkpc$dl$ Fc} mhcl wkd Osz} Jkpc iz mk} ohdacpcd ijf &dha) nccp `cqsz}

qhpmcd wkd mc kpnhcmc id mc mcpmc qcpclm$ Mk} c dkmcdecd hwcp qk} c cl esddcd

mhcd whhp fsd wcppc dkkz}c+ Hr qqq$osz}jkpc$dl ak oc kkd mc zlka nc} fc} }fcnk FIW(

Kimz$ Mi} mhc oc nc} `cfslr wkd mc qc`zi}c cd mc wpkacd hr rkaidk =7 }(n =6$

† Elie hr lccplidacd cd mkd hr FIW(Kimz$

† Elie kkd mc pcjf}cpekd} hr Lcz ; . Qk} iz Kimz8 Mcc lcz `cz}kk} si} wio hdmcpmclcd mic

oc hhe kkd mc pcjf}cpekd} esd} kkdelieecd$ @io mcc wio hdmcpmclcd fhpcd mc wpkacdcd hrmpkjf}cd mic oc hr rkaidk =7 }(n =6 esd} widmcd$ Lccz clec eccp whhp fc} nkecd

wkd mc hrmpkjf}cd mc }cez} mic `io mic hrmpkjf} fhhp}+

;$; . FIW(Kimz? Qfk}’z id k dknc8

† Elie hr ;$; . FIW(Kimz? Qfk}’z id k dknc8 cd lccz mcc lcz mhhp$

Lca id ééd id fc} wcpzjfil }szzcd FIW cd Kimz si}$

Dhcn ccd `clkdapioec pcmcd qkkphn Kimz h acnkeeclioe wcpzrpcim qhpm}$

0

:

;$0 . Fc} hd}z}kkd wkd Kimz

† Elie hr ;$0 . Fc} hd}z}kkd wkd Kimz cd lccz mcc lcz mhhp$

Wipszzcd esddcd wkd micpcd hr ncdzcd hwcpakkd$ Mi} wcpzjfiodzcl fcc} h÷dhzc$ Esd

oc ccd kdmcp whhp`cclm wkd h÷dhzc acwcd8=

Qkkphn hs fc} `clkdapioe esddcd iod hn }c qc}cd fhc Kimz hd}z}kkd iz83

;$: . Mc wcpzrpcimida wkd FIW(Kimz† Elie hr ;$: . Mc wcpzrpcimida wkd FIW(Kimz cd lccz mcc lcz mhhp$



=1e0n:j0

@cznc}}ida nc} FIW qhpm} dic} kl}iom wcphhpkke} mhhp ciacd acmpka$ Acc wicp whhp.

`cclmcd$7

Esd oc nc} FIW `cznc} pkecd mhhp nhdm.hr.nhdm`ckmcnida8 Lijf} oc kd}qhhpm }hc$1

;$= . Acdcida cd ncmijiodcd

† Elie hr ;$= . Acdcida cd ncmijiodcd cd lccz mcc lcz mhhp$

_hce hr qk} whhp }yrc `lhcmjcl ccd ].jcl iz$6

Esd oc ds `cmcdecd qkkphn FIW h’d wcpwclcdm wipsz iz89

;$3 . Hnwkda wkd mc crimcnic

† Elie hr ;$3 . Hnwkda wkd mc crimcnic cd lccz mcc lcz mhhp$

Id qclec pcaih si} mc }k`cl ehncd mc nccz}c FIW.`cznc}}idacd whhp8;2

Fhcwccl ncdzcd iod mk}, hhe id rcpjcd}kac wkd mc qcpclm`cwhleida8

;;



=6 e0n:j0

Qkkphn ehn} Kimz osiz} mkkp hwccl whhp mcde oc8

Qclec acwhlacd ekd ccd fhha Kimz.jiocp fc``cd whhp ccd zkncdlcwida8

;0

;:

Pcecd si} fhcwccl ncdzcd cp }iomcdz ccd lczssp nc} Kimz iod hwcplcmcd cd fhcwccl cp

nc} FIW `cznc} iod acpkke}$;=

Ccd `cecdmc si}zrpkke iz? ‖Ocsz wcphhpmccl} mc hdmc, nkkp fcc} mc hdmkkp lic$’ Mcde

nkkp kkd mc wphsq mic ìo Ocsz ac`pkjf} qcpm, dkmk} c `c}pkr} qkz hr hwcpzrcl$ Ocsz

zjfcde} fkkp wcpacwida, nkkp phcr} fkkp qcl hr dic} nccp }c hdmiacd &Ohfkddcz 6)$

]iomcdz _iod phdmqkdmclida hr kkpmc qkz Ocsz `cqhacd nc} fc} lcwcd wkd mc &liomcdmc)ncdzcd$ Fio rpcmie}c fc} Cwkdaclic wkd Ahmz Ehdidepioe cd acdkz kllc ice}c cd eqkkl

hdmcp mc ncdzcd &Nk}fcsz =?0:)$ Mc fclc @io`cl z}kk} whl nc} hrphcrcd$$$

† hn whhp kpnc cd hdmcpmpse}c ncdzcd hr }c ehncd

† hn }c hpacd whhp acwkdacdcd cd mkelhcd

† hn pcjf} }c mhcd

† hn asl }c acwcd cd }c mclcd

† hn whhp mc qcmsqc cd mc qccz }c hpacd

† hn accd hdccplioec fkdmcl }c mhcd

Id ; Ohfkddcz :?;1 lccd qc? ‖Qic ds id mc qcpclm ccd `cz}kkd fcc} cd iod `phcmcp

ac`pce ic} liomcd, nkkp iod ìddcdz}c whhp fcn }hczlsi}, fhc `lio} mc licmc Ahmz id

fcn8’

Ficp`hwcd qhpmcd cz ìo`clzc hrphcrcd acdhcnm$ @io clec hrphcr esd oc hhe mcd.

ecd kkd zlkjf}hgcpz wkd Kimz$ Lca mk} whhp clec hrphcr si}$ &Qc acwcd ccd whhp`cclm

ìo ‖hrehncd whhp kpncd’$)

Hn hr }c ehncd whhp mc kpncd?

Wccl FIW.acèdcj}ccpmcd ehncd klz acwhla wkd fsd ice}c id kpnhcmc }cpcjf}, hnmk} c fsd

`kkd eqio}pkecd h wccl aclm eqio} iod kkd ncmizjfc ehz}cd$ Hhe whhp mcc kpncd nhc}cd qio hrehncd$

;3



=9e0n:j0

Hn }c hpacd whhp acwkdacdcd cd mkelhcd?

Hn pcjf} }c mhcd?

Hn asl }c acwcd cd }c mclcd?

Hn whhp mc qcmsqc cd mc qccz }c hpacd?

Hn accd hdccplioec fkdmcl }c mhcd?



32 e0n:j:

Jhd}cv} :? Cwhls}ic

02 Lcwcd

Id mc whpiac jhd}cv}cd fc``cd qc dkacmkjf} hwcp hdz ciacd lcwcd cd hwcp

fc} hd}z}kkd mkkpwkd$ Id mcc jhd}cv} mcdecd qc dk hwcp fc} hd}z}kkd wkd

fc} lcwcd id fc} klacnccd cd fc} hd}z}kkd wkd wcpzjfillcdmc zhhp}cd$

Ncdz ' Dk}ssp

Fhc mcde oio mk} fc} lcwcd hr kkpmc hd}z}kkd iz8

Fhc mcde oio mk} mc wcpzjfillcdmc zhhp}cd micpcd hr kkpmc hd}z}kkd iod8

;

0

Id mcc jhd}cv} hd}mceecd qc qk} mc wcpzjfillcdmc }fchpicåd iod hwcp fc} hd}z}kkd wkd

lcwcd cd fc} hd}z}kkd wkd zhhp}cd$

0; Jfkplcz MkpqidNcdz ' Dk}ssp

Jfkplcz Mkpqid iz ééd wkd mc aphdmlcaacpz wkd mccwhls}ic}fchpic$

Lccz mc z}pir hwcp fc} lcwcd cd fc} qcpe wkd

Jfkplcz Mkpqid hr rkaidk 3;.30 cd `ckd}qhhpm

mc wpkacd$

Jfkplcz Mkpqid &;629.;660)

Giassp ;



3;e0n:j:



30 e0n:j:



3:e0n:j:

Qkddccp iz Jfkplcz Mkpqid ac`hpcd8

K ;0 c`pskpi ;629

@ ;2 dhwcn`cp ;660

J 0; okdskpi ;692

M 02 nci ;932

;

Qclec }qcc z}smicz fcc} Jfkplcz Mkpqid acmkkd80

Qkkphn fcc} fio }qcc z}smicz acmkkd8:

Qkkphn nhjf} Mkpqid ncc nc} mc F$N$Z$ @ckalc8=

Fhc fcc} fc} `cphcnmz}c `hce wkd Mkpqid83

Qkddccp iz mi} `hce si}acehncd8

K ;629

@ ;660

J ;639

M ;9;9

7

Fhc fcc}}c mc wphsq wkd Mkpqid81

Jfkplcz Mkpqid fcc} msz wkd ;6:; }h} ;6:7 ccd aph}c pciz hwcp mc hjckdcd acnkke}$ Hr

mc whlacdmc rkaidk widm oc mc hrmpkjf} ‖Mc pciz wkd Mkpqid’$ Nkke mcc hrmpkjf}+



3= e0n:j:

Hrmpkjf} Mc pciz wkd Mkpqid

† Mkpqid fcc} mc qcpclm phdm acpcizm$ Lkdaz

qclec rlceecd eqkn fio8 _hce fc} hr cd

}cecd fc} hr ohsq k`cclmida wkd mc qcpclm$

†

Eicz ccd lhjk}ic si} qkkp Mkpqid }iomcdz iodpciz nc} mc @ckalc iz acqccz}$

† Ak hr hd}mceeidaz}hjf} dkkp mcc

lhjk}ic$ Ac`psie ficpwhhp id}cpdc} cd

cwcd}sccl nk}cpikkl mk} mc mhjcd} fcc}

elkkpaclcam$ Rph`ccp mc whlacdmc wpkacd }c

`ckd}qhhpmcd?

. Qk} lia} mcc rlce rpcjicz8

. Qkddccp eqkn Mkpqid ficp8

. Qk} iz ̀ iohdmcp kkd mcc lhjk}ic8

. Qk} whhp ncdzcd lcwcd cp8

. Qclec }kkl qhpm} cp aczrphecd8

. Fhc lkda qkz Mkpqid mkkp8

† Qk} fcc} fio hd}mce}8 Nkke hr ccd K=`lkkmoc ccd elcidc jhllkac nc} qk} oc

hd}mce} fc`} hwcp mcc lhjk}ic$ Mi} `lkkmoc

esd oc `io mc aph}c qcpclmekkp} rlkeecd$

Mphhn oio qcl ccdz wkd ccd hd}mceeidazpciz8 Acqhhd oc psake rkeecd cd hr

kwhd}ssp8 Mk} iz hdacwccp qk} Mkpqid fcc} acmkkd$ ]hcd iod wkmcp si}cidmclioe

}hcz}cnnida fkm acacacwcd, aida Mkpqid ncc hr qcpclmpciz nc} Ekri}cid Gi}phy$

Fc} qkz mc pciz wkd iod lcwcd+ Mkpqid whcp id `iodk wio okkp mc fclc qcpclm phdm hr fc}

cilzjfir FNZ @ckalc$ Fio nkke}c wkdkllcz ncc$Ak ncc hr hd}mceeidazpciz cd hd}mce qk} Mkpqid `clccmc }iomcdz iod }hjf}+

Nkke ac`psie wkd mc whlacdmc qc`zi}cz$f}}r?((`ckalc$wrph$dl(*(nkr(

f}}r?((nkrz$ahhalc$jhn( &mc lide z}kk} hr mc clh+)

f}}r?((qqq$lccpqiei$dl(MkpqidXcdXiodXpcizXnc}XmcXFNZX@ckalc



33e0n:j:

K i å

K s z } p

k l i å

_ s i m .

K n c p i e k

D h h p m . K n c p i e k

C s p h r k

K g p i e k

C s p h r k

K g p i e k

_ s i m . K n c p i e k



37 e0n:j:

Qkddccp osllic accd qcpclmekkp} id mc elkz fc``cd, esd oc oc jhllkac hhe ficp

rlkeecd$



31e0n:j:

@ihlhaic

00 Cwhls}ic

Oc fc`} wkz} qcl ccdz ic}z acfhhpm hwcp cwhls}ic$ Qk} iz mk} whlacdz ohs8

;

Dk}ssplioec.zclcj}ic.zrcl

Whhpmk} qc nccp }c qc}cd ehncd hwcp cwhls}ic, akkd qc ccd zrcl mhcd$ Mi} zrcl fcc} fc}

dk}ssplioec.zclcj}ic.zrcl$



36 e0n:j:

Zjfpio `io clec phdmc id mc hdmcpz}kkdmc }k`cl fhcwccl epkkl}ocz cp wkd clec elcsp iod$0

Elcsp Phdmc ; Phdmc 0 Phdmc : Phdmc = Phdmc 3



39e0n:j:

Qclec elcsp fcc} kkd fc} cidmc mc nccz}c dkehnclidacd8 Lca si} fhc mi} ehn}+:

Id mc fcpz} i}}cd wcpzjfillcdmc zhhp}cd zlkeecd &aclc, apioc cd `psidc) id ccd }sid,

qkkp kllcnkkl `psidc `lkmcpcd liaacd$ Id mcc }sid iz ccd whacl hr hce dkkp whcmzcl$

Qclec zlke kl fc} zdclz}c hracac}cd qhpmcd8 Qclec zlke fcc} mc aphh}z}c hwcp.

lcwidazekdz8 Lca si}+

=

Dk}ssplioec zclcj}ic

Nc} fc} dk}ssplioec.zclcj}ic.zrcl fc``cd osllic ccd wkd mc kzrcj}cd wkd mc

cwhls}ic}fchpic dkaczrcclm$ Mi} kzrcj} iz dk}ssplioec zclcj}ic$ Oc fc`} id fc} zrcl acicd

mk} qio klz ncdzcd zclcj}cpcd$ Qkddccp qc zdcl ccd epkkl nhc}cd qcafklcd, rkeecd

qc wkke mc nccz} hrwkllcdmc epkkl$ Qio zclcj}cpcd mc epklcd? epklcd mic ccd zjfs}elcsp

fc``cd, rkeecd qc nidmcp wkke mkd epklcd mic accd zjfs}elcsp fc``cd cd msz

hrwkllcd$

Id mc dk}ssp widm} hhe zclcj}ic rlkk}z$ Oc fc`} `io fc} dk}ssplioec.zclcj}ic.zrcl aclccd

mk} kdalioz}cpz zlkeecd c}cd$ Qkddccp mc kdalioz}cp hr hce iz dkkp whcmzcl, kl fio hhe

mc zlkeecd c}cd mic fio fc} nkeeclioez}c ekd widmcd? mc hrwkllcdmc zlkeecd, mc zlkeecd

mic accd zjfs}elcsp fc``cd$

Ccd kdmcp whhp`cclm wkd dk}ssplioec zclcj}ic iz ccd wphsq}oczwlidmcp mic ci}ocz lca}$ _h’d

wlidmcp lca} qcl fhdmcpmcd ci}ocz, nkkp zlcjf}z ccd rkkp psrzocz qhpmcd ccd wlidmcp$ Mc

kdmcpcd akkd mhhm mhhpmk} c qhpmcd hracac}cd, accd whcmzcl esddcd widmcd, c}j$

Qk} hsmcd whhp psrzcd ahcmc ciacdzjfkrrcd iod hn }c hwcplcwcd83

Cpclioec ciacdzjfkrrcd

Wccl wkd hdc ciacdzjfkrrcd qhpmcd wkd hsmcp hr eidm mhhpacacwcd$ Mi} dhcn oc

cpclioec ciacdzjfkrrcd$ Whhp`cclmcd wkd cpclioec ciacdzjfkrrcd iod oc fkkpelcsp, fhc

lkda oc qhpm} h mc elcsp wkd oc hacd$ Oc fc`} hhe ciacdzjfkrrcd mic dic} cpclioe iod,

mcc ciacdzjfkrrcd fc` oc id oc lcwcd acepcacd$ Whhp`cclmcd ficpwkd iod fc} esddcd

zjfpiowcd h ccd li}}cecd hr oc kpn$



72 e0n:j:

Acc id mc hdmcpz}kkdmc }k`cl kkd h fc} ccd cpclioec ciacdzjfkr h accd cpclioec

ciacdzjfkr iz$7

Ciacdzjfkr Cpclioe Dic}.cpclioe

Hhaelcsp

Fc} lceecp widmcd wkd zrpsi}ocz

Lijfkknzlcda}c

Li}}cecd

Fkkplcda}c

Zspwiwkl h }fc g}}cz} id }fc z}psaalc hp lic

Qc akkd dha cwcd }cpsa dkkp fc} whhp`cclm wkd mc wphsq}oczwlidmcp$ Wkd mc psrzocz si}

mc fhdmcpmcd ci}ocz qhpmcd cp nkkp ccd rkkp ccd wlidmcp, mcc psrzcd fc``cd esddcd

hwcplcwcd$

Osiz} mc psrzcd mic fc``cd esddcd hwcplcwcd, acwcd fsd ciacdzjfkrrcd qccp mhhp kkd

fc} dkaczlkjf}$ Qkd} mc whlqkzzcd wlidmcpz sllcd qccp rkpcd cd ci}ocz lcaacd$

Mc ciacdzjfkrrcd mic cpwhhp hpacd mk} mc psrz hwcplcc}, `liowcd `cz}kkd hnmk} mcc

osiz} mhhpacacwcd qhpmcd$ Qkddccp ccd psrz mc ciacdzjfkr fcc} fccl }pkka iz cd ijf

dic} ahcm ekd wcpz}hrrcd, kl mcc zdcl hracac}cd qhpmcd$ Qkddccp mc psrz qhpm}

hracac}cd, qhpm} mc ciacdzjfkr dic} mhhpacacwcd$

Qclec ciacdzjfkrrcd iod whhp ccd psrz `clkdapioe hn }c esddcd hwcplcwcd81

Mkpqid dhcnmc mi} rphjcz mc ‖zspwiwkl h }fc }}cz} id }fc z}psaalc hp lic’, qk} `c}cecd}?

fc} hwcplcwcd wkd mc `cz} kkdacrkz}c id mc z}piom wkd fc} `cz}kkd$ H}cqcl? mc

hpakdizncd mic fc} `cz}c iod kkdacrkz}, sllcd fc} nccz} hwcplcwcd$

Qk} qkz ‖}fc }}cz}’, mc nccz} kkdacrkz}c id fc} dk}ssplioec.zclcj}ic.zrcl86

Nijph.cwhls}ic

Id ccd rhrslk}ic esddcd `crkklmc cpclioec ciacdzjfkrrcd hdmcp `crkklmc

hnz}kdmiafcmcd ccd whhpmccl fc``cd$ Mcc ciacdzjfkrrcd hpacd cpwhhp mk} mcchpakdizncd nccp sllcd hwcplcwcd$

Mc ̀ cz} kkdacrkz}c hpakdizncd sllcd hwcplcwcd cd wccl dkehnclidacd epioacd$ Wkd

mcc dkehnclidacd sllcd wcpwhlacdz qccp mc ̀ cz} kkdacrkz}c hpakdizncd hwcplcwcd$

_h qhpm} mc cpclioec ciacdzjfkr mic ccd ̀ crkklm whhpmccl acc} wcpmcp mhhpacacwcd$



7;e0n:j:

Hr mcc nkdicp ekd ccd rhrslk}ic id mc

lhhr wkd mc }iom akkd wcpzjfillcd nc} mc

z}kp}rhrslk}ic$ Id fc} dk}ssplioec.zclcj}ic.zrcl

ka oc mk} mc wiomc acdcpk}ic ccd fclc kdmcpc

zkncdz}cllida fkm mkd mc ccpz}c acdcpk}ic$

Mc rhrslk}icz fcc} ijf kkdacrkz} kkd mc

hnacwida$

Ccd whhp`cclm wkd h’d kkdrkzzida ic oc `io mchacdkknmc ‖Mkpqidwidecd’$ Mcc widecd iod

}iomcdz mc pciz wkd mc F$N$Z$ @ckalc mhhp Mkpqid

hdmcphjf}$ Mc cdc Mkpqidwide fcc} ccd ehp}c,

`pcmc zdkwcl &assp ;)$ Mc kdmcpc wide fcc}

osiz} ccd lkdac, rsd}iac zdkwcl &assp 0)$ Mc

zdkwclz iod kkdacrkz} kkd fc} whcmzcl qk} c

c}cd$ ]hcd fc} whcmzclkkd`hm wkd mc rhrslk}ic

wcpkdmcpmc, wcpkdmcpmc dk wcpzjfillcdmc

acdcpk}icz hhe mc whpn wkd mc zdkwcl$

Mc wcpzjfillcdmc Mkpqidwidecd iod ccd

whhp`cclm wkd nijph.cwhls}ic$ Nijph.cwhls}ic `c}cecd} ‖cwhls}ic id fc} elcid’$

Mhhp mc dk}ssplioec zclcj}ic widmcd cp elcidc

kkdrkzzidacd rlkk}z? mc zdkwclz iod ccd elcid

`cc}oc wcpkdmcpm$

Acc ccd whhp`cclm wkd nijph.cwhls}ic$9

Nkjph.cwhls}ic

Whlacdz mc cwhls}ic}fchpic wkd Mkpqid widmcd cjf}cp hhe wccl aph}cpc wcpkdmcpidacd

rlkk}z$ Id mcc }fchpic fc``cd kllc hpakdizncd ccd acnccdzjfkrrclioec whhphsmcp$

Kllc hpakdizncd iod hd}z}kkd si} ccd kllcpccpz}c hpakdiznc, ccd `kj}cpic$ Mcc cwhls}ic

qhpm} nkjph.cwhls}ic acdhcnm, ‖cwhls}ic id fc} aphh}’$ Mc cwhls}ic}fchpic ca} msz ic}z

hwcp fc} hd}z}kkd wkd mc zhhp}cd$

Acc ccd whhp`cclm wkd nkjph.cwhls}ic$;2

ccd jkj}szwide nc} ccd lkdac, rsd}iac zdkwcl

Giassp 0

ccd aph}c aphdmwide nc} ccd ehp}c, `pcmc

zdkwcl

Giassp ;

Cwhls}ihdkipc aczjficmcdiz

Ncd dccn} kkd mk} mc kkpmcd hdacwccp =,3 nilokpm okkp hsm iz$ Mc ccpz}c zrhpcd wkd

lcwcd iod acwhdmcd id acz}ccd}c qkkpwkd ncd mcde} mk} c :,3 nilokpm okkp hsm iod$

Mc kkpmc ka cp hr mk} nhncd} fccl kdmcpz si}, cp qkz ééd aphh} hcpjhd}idcd}, mk}

Rkdack qhpm} acdhcnm &assp :)$ Id mc lhhr wkd mc aczjficmcdiz iz mi} jhd}idcd} idwcpzjfillcdmc mclcd hraczrli}z} }h}mk} fc} si}cidmclioe mc fsimiac whpn fcc}$ Nkkp hhe

ds z}kkd mc jhd}idcd}cd dha dic} z}il+

Mc }cnrcpk}ssp hr kkpmc ecdmc hhe aph}c wcpzjfillcd$ _h iod cp qkpnc rcpihmcd cd

ioz}iomcd acqccz}$ Hhe mc k}nhzccp fcc} dic} kl}iom mcclmc zkncdz}cllida acfkm klz c



70 e0n:j:

ds fcc}$ Mc sspz}h id mc lsjf} iz whhp.

dknclioe acrphmsjccpm mhhp mc rlkd}cd$ ]hcd

cp dha accd rlkd}cd qkpcd, qcpm cp kllccd ccd

elcid `cc}oc sspz}h acrphmsjccpm mhhp `kj.

}cpiåd$

Fc} lcwcd `cahd id mc cc$ Mkkp lccmc fccl

lkda ccdwhsmiac, ccdjclliac hpakdizncd, miclcecd hr `kj}cpiåd$ Mc rcpihmc wkd 722 nilohcd

}h} 322 nilohcd okkp aclcmcd fcc} fc} Jkn.

`pisn$ Id mcc rcpihmc iod kllcplci nccpjclliac

hpakdizncd hd}z}kkd, nkkp kllcd lccmcd id mc cc$ Id mc rcpihmc Zilssp, wkd 322

nilohcd }h} =22 nilohcd okkp aclcmcd, hd}z}hdmcd mc ccpz}c wizzcd$ Mkkpdk hd}z}hdmcd

mc ccpz}c lkdmrlkd}cd cd idzcj}cd$ Id mc rcpihmc wkd ::2 nilohcd }h} 12 nilohcd okkp

aclcmcd lccmcd mc zkspiåpz, mcc rcpihmc fcc} Ospk$ Kkd fc} cidmc wkd Ospk z}cpwcd

mc midhzkspiåpz si}$ _hhamicpcd mic hhe kl lccmc id fc} Ospk, ehdmcd ijf wcpmcp

hd}qieeclcd$ _h’d ;,1 nilohcd okkp aclcmcd, id fc} Eqkp}kip, hd}z}hdm mc ncdz$

Hr mc clh widm oc ccd z}pir hwcp fc} lcwcd cd fc} qcpe wkd Mkpqid$ Lccz mc z}pir ‖Mkpqid

cd mc cwhls}ic’ cd `ckd}qhhpm mc whlacdmc wpkacd$

Qcle mcde`cclm hwcp mc dk}ssp qkz id mc }iom wkd Mkpqid hwcpfccpzcdm8 Lca mi}

mcde`cclm si}$;;

Fhc eqkn Mkpqid hr fc} zrhhp wkd mc cwhls}ic}fchpic8;0

Qclec qc}cdzjfkrrcpz fc``cd dha nccp ccd `iompkac aclcwcpm kkd mc cwhls}ic.}fchpic8;:

Qkkp qhpmcd mc Mkpqidiz}izjfc imccåd id hdc }iom ac`psie}8;=

mc hd}qieeclida wkd mc kkpmc

Giassp :



7:e0n:j:

@ihlhaicZ}cl oc ccdz whhp mk} oc ccd hd`cqhhdm cilkdm `clkdm}, qkkphr kllcplci

wpccnmc rlkd}cd cd micpcd lcwcd$ Id fc} `caid lioe} kllcz hr clekkp, nkkp dk

cdiac }iom ak oc wcpzjfillcd hd}mceecd$ Oc akk} c dkncd acwcd, mic oc cl

`cmcde}$

0: Hpmc

Id mc dk}ssp qhpmcd dha z}ccmz dicsqc rlkd}. cd

micpzhhp}cd hd}mce}$ Mic nhc}cd dk}ssplioe kllcnkkl ccd

dkkn fc``cd$ Jkphlsz Liddkcsz `caid} id mc ;6c ccsq

nc} fc} acwcd wkd qc}cdzjfkrrclioec dkncd$ Mcc

dkkn `cz}kk} si} ccd zhhp} cd ccd aczlkjf}$ _h iz mc

qc}cdzjfkrrclioec dkkn wkd mc ncdz Fhnh zkricdz$ Oio

`cfhhp} }h} fc} aczlkjf} Fhnh cd }h} mc zhhp} zkricdz$

Fhnh zkricdz `c}cecd} hhe qcl ‖mc mcdecdmc ncdz’$

Fc} acwcd wkd dkncd kkd lcwcdzwhpncd akk} }cpsa }h}

fc} rkpkmioz, qkkp Ahm Kmkn mc hrmpkjf} ak hn kllc

micpcd ccd dkkn }c acwcd &Acdcziz 0?;9)$ Lidkcsz

Giassp ;

Lccz Acdcziz 0?;6.02$ @czjfpio id ciacd qhhpmcd qk} cp z}kk}$ Qkkphn ak Ahm mcc

hrmpkjf} kkd Kmkn8;

Jknidkljslcd

Hr rkaidk 19 z}kk} ccd wcpknclida wkd mcde`cclmiac micp}ocz, mcc micp}ocz qhpmcd

jknidkljslcd acdhcnm$ Edir mcc micp}ocz ccpz} lhz wkd clekkp$ Oio akk} hdmcphcecd h oc

mcc micp}ocz esd} hpmcdcd$ Eioe ahcm h oc c id aphcrcd id esd} mclcd h mk} oc ccd pccez

esd} nkecd wkd ccdwhsmiac dkkp z}ccmz idacqieeclmcpc micp}ocz$ Rlke mc micp}ocz hr

ccd `lkm cd rph`ccp c ccd dkkn }c acwcd$ Klz oc elkkp `cd} `czrpcce oc nc} clekkp fc}

pczsl}kk}$

Aphcrcd cd pccezcd

Qc}cdzjfkrrclioec dkncd qhpmcd dic} hnkkp acacwcd$ Fc} iz dknclioe `clkdapioe mk}

fc} hwcpijf}clioe qhpm}+ Mhhp mc dkncd id ccd zyz}ccn }c hpmcdcd, qhpm} msimclioe

qk} fc} wcp`kdm iz }szzcd wcpzjfillcdmc lcwcdzwhpncd$ ]hcd ncd `cahd nc} mcc

zyz}cnk}izjfc dkknacwida mkjf} ncd mk} fc} lcwcd id krkp}c aphcrcd achpmcdm nhcz}

qhpmcd$ Ccd aphcr iz ccd wcpknclida hpakdizncd nc} fc}clmc ̀ kzizhd}qcpr$ Mc

hpakdizncd `iddcd mcc aphcr hsmcd kehnz}ia iod wkd mc aczjfkrcd whhphsmcp id

mc aphcr$

Mkpqid nccdmc cjf}cp mk} oc hpakdizncd nhc} hpmcdcd id hrccdwhlacdmc pccezcd wkdccdwhsmiac }h} idacqieeclmc hpakdizncd$ Mc idacqieeclmc hpakdizncd iod hd}z}kkd

si} mc ccdwhsmiac hpakdizncd$ Mi} dhcnmc fio mc cwhls}ic}fchpic$ Mc ccdwhsmiac

hpakdizncd iod id elcidc z}krocz wcpkdmcpm id mc idacqieeclmc hpakdizncd$ _h iod kllc



7= e0n:j:

hpakdizncd knilic wkd clekkp$

Mc hrmpkjf} hn micp}ocz }c hpmcdcd cd dkncd }c acwcd fcc} oc aclccpm mk} oc nc}

mcclmc acacwcdz }hjf }h} wcpzjfillcdmc jhdjlszicz esd} ehncd$ Qc}cdzjfkrrcpz

mic wkd cwhls}ic si}akkd, hpmcdcd fc} lcwcd id pccezcd$ Qc}cdzjfkrrcpz mic wkd mc

zjfcrrida si}akkd, hpmcdcd fc} lcwcd id aphcrcd$ Mc lcmcd wkd mic aphcr `ci}}cd

kllcnkkl fc}clmc ̀ kzizhd}qcpr$

Lccz Acdcziz 0?02.06$ @czjfpio id ciacd qhhpmcd qk} cp z}kk}$0

@kziz}yrcd cd zhhp}cd

@ihlhacd mic si}akkd wkd ccd zjfcrrida, ca.

acd msz mk} mc hpakdizncd aczjfkrcd iod id

ccd kkd}kl krkp}c aphcrcd$ Kllc lcmcd wkd ccdaphcr lioecd qk} `c}pc} mc `clkdapioec ecd.

ncpecd hr clekkp, nkkp c esddcd id mc}kilz

wkd clekkp wcpzjfillcd$ _h’d aczjfkrcd aphcr

dhcncd qc ccd `kziz}yrc &assp 0)$ ]hcd

mcc ̀ kziz}yrcd aczjfkrcd qcpmcd, ̀ ck}cd

c mc idhpnk}ic whhp wccl wkpik}ic, nkkp mic

qkz dic} kl}iom ijf}`kkp$

_h iod kllc fhdmcdpkzzcd whhp}acehncd si}

fc} `kziz}yrc wkd mc qhl$ Id mc lhhr wkd mc

}iom fc``cd mc lcmcd wkd mc `kziz}yrcd

ijf mhhp dk}ssplioec hnz}kdmiafcmcd cd

hdmcplidac jhdjsppcd}ic aczrcjiklizccpm cd hd}z}hdmcd cp zhhp}cd$ Ccd zhhp} iz ccd

aphcr wkd hpakdizncd mic hr clekkp lioecd id whpn cd `hsq cd mic id z}kk} iod hn

hdmcplida wpsjf}`kpc dkehnclidacd }c epioacd$

Whhp fc} hd}z}kkd wkd mc wcpzjfillcdmc zhhp}cd fhcwcd cp accd cv}pk ciacdzjfkrrcd

}c hd}z}kkd$ Mc idhpnk}ic whhp kl mcc zhhp}cd qkz kl kkdqcia id fc} hhpzrphdeclioec

`kziz}yrc$

Wcpzjfillcdmc zhhp}cd mic }h} ccd `kziz}yrc `cfhpcd, esddcd zhnz dha qcl

dkehnclidacd epioacd$ _h esddcd kllc lcmcd wkd mc ek}kjf}iacd wpsjf}`kpc

dkehnclidacd epioacd nc} }cdnidz}c ééd kdmcpc ek}kjf}iac$ Mk} aclm} `iowhhp`cclm

whhp ccd lccsq cd ccd }ioacp? cp hd}z}kk} mkd ccd ‖}iahd’ h ccd ‖lioacp’ $ Hhe ccd rkkpmcd ccd ccl esddcd dkehnclidacd epioacd$ Cp hd}z}kk} mkd ccd nsilmicp &cclfcdaz} cd

rkkpmcdncppic) h ccd nsilccl &rkkpmcdfcdaz} cd cclid)$

Qk} hs ̀ cmhclm esddcd iod nc} ‖dkkp fsd kkpm’8:

wkpik}ic ̀ io fc} ̀ kziz}yrc wkd mc ek}kjf}iacd

Giassp 0



73e0n:j:

0= Kkpmc

@io fc} `cz}smcpcd wkd mc aczjficmcdiz wkd mc kkpmc, zrclcd mc kkpmlkacd

ccd zlcs}clphl$ Qkd} id mcc kkpmlkacd iz mc aczjficmcdiz wkd mc kkpmc

hrac}cecdm+

Ncdz ' Dk}ssp

Kkpmlkacd

Dicsqc kkpmlkacd hd}z}kkd `io wslekdcd$ Mhhp

wslekdiznc ehn} fcc}, wlhci`kkp acz}ccd}c si}

fc} `iddcdz}c wkd mc kkpmc dkkp fc} kkpm.

hrrcpwlke$ Kkd fc} kkpmhrrcpwlke ehcl} mi}

qkpnc acz}ccd}c k cd z}hl} fc}$ Mi} ac.

z}ccd}c qhpm} kkd fc} hrrcpwlke wcpwhlacdz

kaczlc}cd$ Ccdnkkl kkd fc} hrrcpwlke qhp.

mcd z}hllidazacz}ccd}cd kaczlc}cd mhhp

qk}cp cd qidm$ Mc aph}c `pheecd wkllcd mhhpzlio}kac cd wcprlkk}zida si}ccd id elcidc z}se.

ocz$ Mi} kaczlc}cd acz}ccd}c qhpm} zcmincd}

acdhcnm$ Zcmincd} `cz}kk} si} aph}c

`phez}seecd, nkkp hhe si} kdm cd nhmmcp$

Mi} zcmincd} qhpm} wcpwhcpm mhhp qk}cp, ioz h

mc qidm$ Si}cidmclioe ke} mi} zcmincd} dkkp `cdcmcd cd qhpmcd cp hr mc `hmcn wkd mc

piwicp, ccd nccp h ccd cc dicsqc lkacd acwhpnm$ Mi} rphjcz dhcncd qc fc} kc}}cd

wkd zcmincd} hr mc `hmcn$ Kkd mc fkdm wkd mc zkncdz}cllida wkd mcc lkacd ekd

`crkklm qhpmcd qkddccp mc lkacd hd}z}kkd iod cd qkkp fc} zcmincd} wkdmkkd ehn}$

Ghzziclcd

mc Apkdm Jkdyhd &WZ) iz ccd wkd mc `cz}c rlkk}zcd

hr mc kkpmc hn mc kkpmlkacd }c ̀ cz}smcpcd

Giassp ;

ccd whhp`cclm wkd ccd hzzicl

Giassp 0

Qkddccp fc} zcmincd} hr mc `hmcn wkd mc

cc qhpm} kacc}, esddcd mkkp hhe pcz}cd

wkd mhmc micpcd liaacd$ Mcc esddcd hdmcp

fc} zcmincd} ̀ cmhlwcd qhpmcd$ Hdmcp

cv}pcnc hnz}kdmiafcmcd esddcd clz

lcwcdmc micpcd hdmcp fc} zcmincd} }cpcjf}

ehncd, mcde nkkp kkd ccd kdmz}hpn id mc

qhcz}iod$ Mc hpakdizncd mic hdmcp zcmincd}

qhpmcd ̀ cmhlwcd, esddcd si}cidmclioe wcpz}cdcd$ Mcc wcpz}ccdmc pcz}cd wkd

hpakdizncd dhcncd qc hzziclcd$ Rlkd}cd

cd micpcd esddcd kllccd ccd hzzicl qhpmcd

klz c zdcl qhpmcd `cmce} mhhp zcmincd},

kdmcpz wcp}cpcd c acqhhd mhhp mc `kj}cpiåd$

Fc} kdm qkkpid fc} hpakdiznc iz `capkwcd, qhpm} dk wcplhhr wkd }iom fkpm$ Mc

`cz}kdmmclcd wkd fc} hpakdiznc qhpmcd wcpwkdacd mhhp z}hcd mic ijf id fc}

aphdmqk}cp ̀ cwidmcd$ Fc} hpakdiznc wcpz}ccd} cd qhpm} rlk}acmpse} mhhp fc} acqijf}

wkd kkpmlkacd mic cp lk}cp `hwcdhr qhpmcd kacc}$ Fc} hpakdiznc iz mkd ccd hzzicl

acqhpmcd$ Ghzziclcd ̀ cz}kkd nccz}kl si} mc fkpmc mclcd wkd ccd hpakdiznc, hklz

ccd zeclc} h mc zjfkkl wkd ccd zjfclr$ Mc kjf}c mclcd wcpakkd zdcl cd qhpmcd kllccd

`cqkkpm hdmcp si}hdmcplioec hnz}kdmiafcmcd$



77 e0n:j:

]cecd id mc : wkeecd zjfcnk}izjf fhc ccd hzziclc wiz hd}z}kk}$;

Zhnniac hzziclcd iod fccl rlh}zclida `capkwcd$ Ficpmhhp iod c lcwcdm `capkwcd

mhhp fc} zcmincd}$ Id gassp : ic oc ccd hzzicl wkd ccd Ijf}yhzkspsz$ Mi} pcr}icl

lccmc id fc} qk}cp cd lcce wccl hr ccd mhlod$ Qk} nkke} mcc whdmz} h `iohdmcp8

0

Achlhaizjfc Ehlhn

Achlhacd fc``cd kllc kkpmlkacd cd fsd hzziclcd hdmcphjf} cd ̀ czjfpcwcd$ Mcwcpzjfillcdmc aphcrcd wkd hzziclcd qhpmcd id ccd ̀ crkklmc whlahpmc id mc kkpmlkacd

acwhdmcd$ Kkd mc fkdm wkd mc hzziclcd epcca icmcpc kkpmlkka ccd dkkn$ Mi} zyz}ccn

wkd dkncd dhcn} ncd mc achlhaizjfc ehlhn$ Mc hdmcpz}c kkpmlkacd iod mc hsmz}c

kkpmlkacd, c iod fc} ccpz}c kacc}$ Mc `hwcdz}c kkpmlkacd iod fc} lkk}z} kacc} cd

fc} hzzicl wkd ccd Ijf}yhzkspsz

Giassp :

@czjfpio mc qca mic ccd z}se z}hllidazacz}ccd}c kca} wkdk fc} nhncd} mk} fc} `io

ccd wslekkd hd}z}kk} }h} fc} nhncd} qkkphr fc} id mc cc qhpm} kacc}$ @cmcde qk}

cp hs esddcd ac`cspcd klz fc} hwcp ccd aph}c kz}kdm wcprlkk}z} qhpm}$

:



71e0n:j:

iod msz fc} ohdaz}c$ Whhp fc} hd}z}kkd wkd mcc achlhaizjfc ehlhn iod wcpzjfillcdmc

nhmcllcd$

Zdcl h lkdakkn8

Achlhacd mhcd hdmcphce dkkp fhc cd hdmcp qclec hnz}kdmiafcmcd kkpmlkacd kacc}

qhpmcd$ Id mc ;6c ccsq mkjf}cd mc achlhacd mk} jk}kz}phcd mc aczjficmcdiz wkd

mc kkpmc `crkklm fkmmcd$ Jk}kz}phcd iod aph}c pknrcd mic nc} wccl epkjf} mc kkpmc

wcpkdmcpcd, hklz cdhpnc hwcpz}phnidacd, kkpm`cwidacd, wslekkdsi}`kpz}idacd h nc}chpic} idzlkacd$ Mc hzziclcd id mc kkpmlkacd hsmcd acwhpnm iod }iomcdz mi} zhhp}

jk}kz}phcd$ Dkmk} mc cwhls}ic}fchpic ccd rlkk}z epcca id mc qc}cdzjfkr, nccdmcd

mc achlhacd mk} mc kkpmlkacd lkdakkn, lkka whhp lkka iod kacc}, hklz qc mk} ds

hhe esddcd qkkpdcncd$ ]cacdqhhpmia mcdecd achlhacd qccp mk} jk}kz}phcd ccd

`clkdapioec phl aczrcclm fc``cd$ Mk} iz ciacdlioe dic} h wpccnm, qkd} icmcp okkp qhpm} mc

kkpmc ac}phcd mhhp hwcpz}phnidacd, wslekkdsi}`kpz}idacd, kkpm`cwidacd, wlhcmahlwcd

cd qcpwclz}hpncd$ Fc} iz ac`lcecd mk} osiz} }iomcdz ccd pknr aph}c fhcwcclfcmcd

kkpmlkacd zdcl acwhpnm qhpmcd$

Id gassp = ic oc ccd ekke wkd ccd pcsc fkacmiz mic id mc cc lccmc, mc Nhzkzkspsz$Ccd pcjhdz}psj}ic wkd mcc pcsc fkacmiz ic oc id gassp 3$ Mcc ekke iz acwhdmcd hr

mc Ric}cpz`cpa id Nkkz}pijf}$ Qk} ca} mcc whdmz} hwcp mc kc}}ida wkd fc} zcmincd}

qkkpid fc} micp `capkwcd qkz8 Qk} esd oc caacd hwcp Dcmcplkdm }hcd mi} hzzicl id

zcmincd} ̀ capkwcd qcpm8

=

mc ekke wkd mc Nhzkzkspsz mc pcjhdz}psj}ic wkd mc Nhzkzkspsz

Giassp = Giassp 3



76 e0n:j:

Fc} cwhls}icnhmcl

Id assp 7 ic oc fc}

cwhls}icnhmcl qkkpìo mc

kkpmlkacd wkd mc achlhaizjfc

ehlhn acmspcdmc wclc nilohcdcd

okpcd iod kacc}$ Mc whlahpmc

wkd mc hzziclcd id mc kkpmlkacd iz

ccd qccpakwc wkd mc cwhls}ic wkdfc} lcwcd hr kkpmc$ Id mc ccpz}c

kzc wkd mc cwhls}ic fc``cd

micpcd id mc cc aclccm$ Mcc

micpcd cwhlsccpmcd wcpwhlacdz

}h} knìcåd cd pcr}iclcd mic

hr fc} lkdm lccmcd$ Si}cidmclioe

hd}qieeclmcd mcc aphcrcd ijf

}h} whaclz cd hhamicpcd$

Fc} zjfcrridaznhmcl

Id assp 1 ic oc fc}zjfcrridaznhmcl qkkpìo mc

`kziz}yrcd wkd kllc aphcrcd mic

hr kkpmc lcwcd, aczjfkrcd iod$

Mcc `kziz}yrcd iod mc `kziz

wkd kllc aphcrcd mic ds id mc

dk}ssp lcwcd h qkkpwkd hzziclcd

acwhdmcd iod$ Mc `kziz}yrcd

fc``cd msz hhi} }caclioecp}iom

aclccm$ Mc kkpmlkacd nhc}cd

mkkphn id ehp}c }iom iod kacc}}iomcdz ccd jk}kz}phc, hklz mc

hdmwlhcm$

fc} cwhls}icnhmcl

Giassp 7

fc} zjfcrridaznhmcl

Giassp 1

Id fc} cwhls}icnhmcl qhpmcd mc wcpzjfillcdmc kkpmlkacd wcpzrpcim hwcp nilohcdcd

okpcd kacc}$ Qkkphn iod lkdac }iomcd ̀ clkdapioe whhp fc} cwhls}icnhmcl83

Qkkphn nhc}cd mc kkpmlkacd zdcl iod kacc} id fc} zjfcrridaznhmcl87



79e0n:j:

Aphcrcd cd pccezcd

Dc} klz lcwcdmc hpakdizncd nhc}cd hzziclcd hhe ccd dkkn epioacd cd achpmcdm

qhpmcd$ Mk} iz fc} qcpe wkd ccd rklchd}hlhha$ Mcc hzziclcd esddcd achpmcdm qhpmcd

id aphcrcd h pccezcd$

Kkdfkdacpz wkd mc cwhls}ic}fchpic `cdkmpseecd mk} cp pccezcd id mc kkpmlkacd

acwhdmcd qhpmcd, nkkp c acwcd qcl }hc mk} cp ak}cd i}}cd id mc pccezcd$ Mc

hd}`pcecdmc hwcpakdazwhpncd }szzcd mc aphcrcd qhpmcd ‖nizzida lidez’ acdhcnm, fc}

Cdaclz whhp ‖hd}`pcecdmc zjfkecl’$Qc}cdzjfkrrcpz mic wkd zjfcrrida si}akkd, ncdcd mk} hzziclcd idacmcclm nhc}cd

qhpmcd id aphcrcd$ Ghzziclcd wkd kllc ̀ clkdapioec aphcrcd wkd micpcd cd rlkd}cd

wcpzjfiodcd rlh}zclida hdmcp whhphsmcpz, c wcpkdmcpcd dksqclioez cd wcpmqiodcd wkke

qccp cwcd rlh}zclida klz acehncd iod$

Jknidkljslcd

Id fhhmz}se 0: `cd oc kl kkd mc zlka acqccz} nc} mc jknidkljslcd, mc mcde`cclmiac

micp}ocz$ Oc akk} mc micp}ocz ds hrdicsq hpmcdcd, nkkp qc mhcd ds dc} klzh fc} hzziclcd

iod+ Hr mc whlacdmc rkaidk’z widm oc ccd }qcc}kl zjfcnk’z$, nc} cle cwcd kkpmlkacd$ Oc

akk} ds mc achlhaizjfc ehlhn whhp hqcl fc} zjfcrridaznhmcl klz fc} cwhls}icnhmcl

zkncdz}cllcd$ Lccz h dhmia fc} }cez}acmccl}c hwcp mc nhmcllcd dha ccdz$ Acc nc}

riolcd kkd qkddccp cp zrpkec iz wkd ccd pccez$ Acc nc} ccd jipecl kkd qkddccp fc} akk}

hn ccd aphcr$



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03 Fc} hd}z}kkd wkd lcwcd

Mc cwhls}ic}fchpic hklz `czjfpcwcd id fhhmz}se 00 acc} accd kd}qhhpm hr mc wpkka

fhc fc} kllcpccpz}c lcwcd iz hd}z}kkd$ Mc cwhls}ic}fchpic `czjfpio} fhc mc wcpzjfillcdmc

zhhp}cd iod hd}z}kkd$ ]hjf iz mc wpkka dkkp fc} lcwcd hhe ccd `clkdapioec wpkka, qkkphhe wcpzjfcimcdc }fchpicåd hwcp hd}qieeclm iod$ Fc} iz cjf}cp qcl `clkdapioe mk} qio

qc}cd qk} lcwcd iz$ Qk} nkke} lcwcdmc midacd h kdmcpz mkd mhmc midacd8

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Mcde nc} clekkp dk hwcp mc ecdncpecd wkd lcwcd$ @ihlhacd fc``cd cwcd ecdncpecd

achpnslccpm$ Wsl mcc ecdncpecd id mc }k`cl id$

;

Fc} iz hdnhaclioe hn ccd mcdi}ic wkd lcwcd }c acwcd$ Qc esddcd kllccd mc ecdncpecd

`czjfpiowcd$ Klz qc mic ecdncpecd qkkpdcncd, mkd iz cp zrpkec wkd lcwcd$

Ccdjcllia cd nccpjcllia

Mc nccz} ccdwhsmiac whpn wkd lcwcd hr kkpmc iz

ccd ccdjcllia hpakdiznc$ Ccd ccdjcllia hpakdiznc

fcc} kllcz id ijf qk} fc} dhmia fcc} hn }c esd.dcd lcwcd$ Mc nccz}c hpakdizncd hr kkpmc fc`.

`cd nccp mkd ééd jcl, mcc dhcncd qc nccp.

jclliac hpakdizncd$ Ccd éédjcllia hpakdiznc iz mc

nccz} ccdwhsmiac whpn wkd lcwcd mic cp `cz}kk}

hr kkpmc$

Ohsq lijfkkn ̀ cz}kk} si} h’d ;22$222 nilokpm

jcllcd$ Cle hpakkd id ohsq lijfkkn iz hrac`hsqm

si} jcllcd nc} ccd zrcjiklc }kke$ _h fc` oc `iowhhp.

`cclm ̀ ccdmcpjcllcd, zricpjcllcd, fcpzcdjcllcd cd

`lhcmjcllcd$ Nccpjclliac hpakdizncd qhpmcdjhnrlcv acdhcnm, hnmk} fc} ccd aph}cp kkd}kl

jcllcd cd nccpmcpc zhhp}cd jcllcd fcc}$ Fc} iz msz

idacqieeclmcp achpakdizccpm$

ccd rkd}hgclmicp}oc iz ccd ccdjcllia hpakdizncGiassp ;



1:e0n:j:

Acc ccd whhp`cclm wkd ccd ccdjcllia cd ccd nccpjcllia hpakdiznc$0

Fc} hd}z}kkd wkd lcwcd

Mc cwhls}ic}fchpic akk} cp

wkdsi} mk} mc wcpzjfillcdmc

zhhp}cd iod hd}z}kkd si}

ccd ccdwhsmia, ccdjcllia

hpakdiznc$ Mi} ccdjclliac

hpakdiznc nhc} hd}z}kkd iod

si} lcwcdlhc nk}cpic$ @iddcd

mc cwhls}ic}fchpic akk} fc} ficp

cjf}cp dic} hwcp$ Cwhls}ic akk}

hwcp fc} hd}z}kkd wkd zhhp}cd,dic} fc} hd}z}kkd wkd hpakdizncd$

Wclc qc}cdzjfkrrcpz fc``cd

cjf}cp qcl dkacmkjf} hwcp fc}

hd}z}kkd wkd lcwcd$ _h fcc}

Z}kdlcy Nillcp id ;93: ccd

cvrcpincd} si}acwhcpm$ Id ccd

lk`hpk}hpisn `hh}z}c fio mc

zi}sk}ic hr kkpmc dk$ Fio nkke}c mc hrz}cllida mic Z}kdlcy Nillcp ac`psie}c whhp iod cvrcpincd}

Giassp 0

ccd ncdazcl qk} hr mc hcpzhcr lioe} cd lic} mkkp kllcplci clce}pizjfc hd}lkmidacd hr lhz

&assp 0)$ Fc} lse}c fcn hn wcpzjfillcdmc knidhspcd }c nkecd, mc `hsqz}cdcd wkdciqi}}cd, mic hr fsd `csp} qccp `hsqz}cdcd wkd jcllcd iod$ Mc wpkka dkkp fc} hd}z}kkd

wkd lcwcd iz ficp cjf}cp dic} ncc hraclhz}$ Fc} `lcce dknclioe hdnhaclioe hn `si}cd ccd

jcl qcpecdmc ciqi}}cd }c nkecd$ Mc wpkka `lio} msz? fhc iz mic ccpz}c jcl hd}z}kkd8

Qkkphn fhhp} fc} cvrcpincd} wkd Z}kdlcy Nillcp dic} `io mc cwhls}ic}fchpic8:

07 Mc zjfcrrida? Ahmmclioe hd}qcpr

Qk} oc id mc whhpakkdmc fhhmz}seecd fc`} aclccd hwcp fc} hd}z}kkd wkd

lcwcd cd kllc zhhp}cd hr kkpmc, kl nizzjficd fccl kdmcpz iod mkd oc }fsiz

aclccpm fc`}$

Ncdz ' Dk}ssp

Qio aclhwcd mk} Ahm, mc klnkjf}iac Wkmcp, mc Zjfcrrcp iz wkd mc fcncl cd wkd mc kkpmc$

Qk} `cmhclcd qc ficpncc8 Fhc nhc}cd qc hnakkd nc} kllcz qk} qc id mc whhpakkdmc

fhhmz}seecd fc``cd aclccd8



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Lccz Acdcziz ;? ;.:;$ Z}cl mk} oio ac}siac qkz acqccz} wkd mc zjfcrrida$ Fhc hs oio

fc} mkd hraczjfpcwcd fc``cd8;

_iod cp wcpcd id mi} `io`clacmccl}c qkkp oc apkka cv}pk si}lca hwcp hs qillcd epioacd8

Qclec80

Qc}cdzjfkr cd mc @io`cl

Wccl jfpiz}cdcd fc``cd nhci}c nc} mc cwhls}ic}fchpic$ _c esddcd dic} aclhwcd id

mc cwhls}ic}fchpic hnmk} mcc id z}piom iz nc} qk} mc @io`cl ca} hwcp mc zjfcrrida$

Id mc @io`cl z}kk} }hjf mk} Ahm mc Zjfcrrcp iz wkd lcwcd8 _c mcdecd mk} cp nc} mc

cwhls}ic}fchpic accd rlkk}z nccp iz whhp Ahm$ Kdmcpc jfpiz}cdcd aclhwcd qcl idmc cwhls}ic}fchpic, nkkp aclhwcd hhe id Ahm klz Zjfcrrcp wkd fcncl cd kkpmc$

Wccl qc}cdzjfkrrcpz qiocd fc} imcc wkd ccd Zjfcrrcp k$ _io ncdcd mk} ccd

qc}cdzjfkrrclioec }fchpic hdmcp`hsqm nhc} qhpmcd mhhp qk} oc ic}, fhhp} h

ncc}$ Ahm esd oc dic} icd, fhpcd h nc}cd, mkkphn iz cp whhp Ahm accd rlkk}z id mc

qc}cdzjfkr$

Klz oc aclhh} id Ahm klz Zjfcrrcp wkd fcncl cd kkpmc, hklz Fio ijf id mc @io`cl

hrcd`kkp}, iz fc} dhhmkeclioe hn dk }c akkd qk} whhp ccd `hce mc @io`cl iz$ Qc nhc}cd

mc @io`cl dic} ac`psiecd klz ccd qc}cdzjfkrrcdlioe fkdm`hce$ Mc ncdzcd mic }cez}cd

wkd mc @io`cl hraczjfpcwcd fc``cd, fkmmcd dic} mc ecddiz cd mc }kkl hn mk} hr ccd

qc}cdzjfkrrclioec qioc }c zjfpiowcd, hklz qio mk} ds id hdc }iom esddcd$ Mc fiz}hpizjfcac`csp}cdizzcd mic id mc @io`cl `czjfpcwcd iod, hklz mc zjfcrrida h ccd hdmwlhcm

fhcwcd mkkpmhhp dic} aclioe hdqkkp }c iod$

Qk} qhpm} cp whlacdz ohs nc} mi} `io`clacmccl}c `cmhclm8:

Acdcziz



13e0n:j:

Qk} widm oio cpwkd mk} Ahm mhhp wclcd si} mc dk}sspqc}cdzjfkr dic} ackjjcr}ccpm

qhpm} klz wcpelkpida whhp dk}ssplioec wcpzjfiodzclcd8:

Qclec ac`csp}cdiz id mc @io`cl zrpcce} ohs cpa kkd8 Fhc qcc} oc mk} mcc ac`csp}cdiz

hhe cjf} fcc} rlkk}zacwhdmcd8=

Wcpelkpida wkd ackncdlioe aclhh id Ahm klz Zjfcrrcp

Id 0229 iz cp ccd wcpelkpida hracz}clm mhhp wcpzjfillcdmc jfpiz}cdcd, mic qcl cle ccd

kdmcpc wizic fc``cd hr fhc mc zjfcrrida cd fc} hd}z}kkd wkd mc zhhp}cd fcc}

rlkk}zacwhdmcd$ Nc} mcc wcpelkpida qillcd c `cliomcd mk} c aclhwcd id Ahm klz

Zjfcrrcp wkd fcncl cd kkpmc$ Mc }cez} wkd mcc wcpelkpida, esd oc ficphdmcp widmcd$

Ccd wcpelkpida wkd ackncdlioe aclhh id Ahm klz ZjfcrrcpQio wcpqhdmcpcd hdz hwcp mc zjfhhdfcim wkd mc zjfcrrida cd mc ahcmfcim cd mc

klnkjf} wkd mc Zjfcrrcp$ Id fc} `czc mk} kl hdz zrpcecd hwcp Ahm cd _iod zjfcrrida

ac`pceeia iz, wcpelkpcd qc fc} whlacdmc?

&;) Qio aclhwcd id Ahm mc klnkjf}iac Wkmcp, mc Zjfcrrcp wkd fcncl cd kkpmc, wkd kllc

ijf}`kpc cd hdijf}`kpc midacd$ Qio aclhwcd id ééd Fccp, Ocsz Jfpiz}sz, mc cdiaac.

`hpcd _hhd wkd Ahm, mhhp Qic kllcz aczjfkrcd iz$ Cd qio aclhwcd id mc Fciliac Accz}

mic lcwcdm nkke}$

&0) Qio aclhwcd mk} mcc mpic.cdiac Ahm _ijf lkk} ecddcd si} mc @io`cl, _iod fcilia,aclhhqkkpmia cd ̀ c}phsq`kkp Qhhpm mk} Fio kkd hdz fcc} achrcd`kkpm$

Id mk} rcpzrcj}ic fcpecddcd qio hhe nc} ccp`icm _iod nkocz}ci} cd fc} qcpe wkd _iod

fkdmcd id mc dk}ssp, iod zjfcrrida$

&:) Mc }cez} wkd Acdcziz cd kdmcpc @io`clacmccl}cd hwcp Ahmz zjfcrridazqcpe iod

ccd czzcd}iccl cd hdniz`kkp hdmcpmccl wkd Ahmz Qhhpm qkkpid hdz sdmkncd}clc

kecd qhpmcd aclccpm hwcp fc} qccd wkd Ahm, mc ncdz cd mc qcpclm$ Mc @io`cl lccp}

hdz hwcp Ahmz ahcmc zjfcrrida, mc ac`phecdfcim mhhp mc hdmcwkl, cd fc} fcpz}cl

mhhp Jfpiz}sz$

&=) Qio icd qc}cdzjfkr, fc} hdmcphce wkd mc dk}ssp cd mc jsl}ssp, klz ccd qkkpmc.

whllc kj}iwi}ci} mic hdz kllcplci ecddiz ekd wcpzjfkcd hwcp Ahmz zjfcrrida cd hdz

hrdicsq `crkkl} `io _iod ccsqiac epkjf} cd ahmmclioefcim$



17 e0n:j:

&3) Qio kllcd aclhwcd hdmcp whhp`cfhsm mk} Ahm kllcz fcc} aczjfkrcd$ Fhcqcl

qio jhdz}k}cpcd mk} qio klz jfpiz}cdcd wkd ncdida wcpzjfillcd hwcp fúc Fio mk} fcc}

acmkkd, qc}cd qio hdz wcp`hdmcd id hdz ackncdlioe aclhh id mc Zjfcrrcp cd cpecd.

dcd qio mk} mcc ncdidazwcpzjfillcd accd `kppiæpc fhcwcd }c whpncd hn clekkp }c

kjjcr}cpcd klz `phcmcpz cd sz}cpz id Jfpiz}sz$

&7) Qio wcplkdacd dkkp wpsjf}`kpc cd hrcdfkp}iac hdmcplidac aczrpceecd hwcp qk} qc

nhacd lcpcd si} Ahmz Qhhpm cd si} mc mhhp Ahm aczjfkrcd dk}ssp, cd fhc qc `cimcnhacd lccd$

01 Cwhls}ic, zjfcrrida? qk} aclhh oio8+Ncdz ' Dk}ssp

Osllic akkd rhz}cpz nkecd hwcp ééd wkd mc whlacdmc z}cllidacd?

† ‖fc} iz dic} }c `cqiocd h mc ncdz hr kkpmc acehncd iz mhhp mc zjfcrrida h mhhp

cwhls}ic’

† ‖qc icd mk} nijph.cwhls}ic rlkk}z widm}, mc zhhp}cd iod msz hd}z}kkd mhhp cwhls}ic’

† ‖mc achlhaizjfc ehlhn acc} ccd ̀ cclm wkd fhc mc qcpclm iz hd}z}kkd’

† ‖qkddccp oc mc zjfcrrida hn oc fccd `ceioe}, nhc} oc qcl aclhwcd id Ahm klz

zjfcrrcp’

† ‖fc} nkke} dic} si} h oc aclhhm id zjfcrrida h cwhls}ic, klz qc nkkp aclhwcd id Ahm

klz hdc Wkmcp’

† ‖qc esddcd mc @io`cl dic} ac`psiecd klz qc}cdzjfkrrclioe fkdm`hce’

Lc} `io fc} nkecd wkd mcc rhz}cp hr mc whlacdmc rsd}cd?

† Qk} iod ci}cd cd qk} iod ncdidacd8

† Eicz ccd msimclioec nkdicp hn fc} wcpzjfil }szzcd ci}cd cd ncdidacd }c lk}cd icd$

† _hpa mk} oc rhz}cp whhp icmcpccd `capiorclioe iz$

† Hr qclec nkdicp qil oc nc} mc rhz}cp rph`cpcd whhpz}kdmcpz cd }cacdz}kdmcpz nc}

clekkp id aczrpce }c lk}cd akkd8

† Ehn} mc rhz}cp `c}phsq`kkp hwcp8 Aclhwcd ncdzcd qk} cp hr oc rhz}cp z}kk}8

Qcle acmccl}c wkd mcc wcpelkpida zrpcce} oc kkd8 @czjfpio qkkphn mi} acmccl}c oc

kkdzrpcce}+

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