STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING OF

ATHLETESTeam Physican Consensus Conference Statement 2015

AAFP, AAOS, ACSM, AMSSM, AOSSM, AOASM

HEADLINES

� 2017 Oregon Duck football team

� 2016 Texas women’s volleyball team

� 2013 Ohio State women’s lacrosse team

� 2011 U of Iowa football team

CASE

� Junior hockey team

� First day of conditioning, August, midwest town

� Temperature 98 degrees, 95% humidity

� 10 mile timed run

DEFINITION

� Strength and conditioning uses exercise programs with the objective of producing a higher level of (athletic) function

OBJECTIVES

� Strength and conditioning principles

� Sport Specific strength and conditioning

� Implementation of strength and conditioning programs

� Injury and illness in S&C

� Selected current issues in S&C

ESSENTIALS FOR TEAM PHYSICIANS

� Understand S&C principles

� Understand Sport specific and athlete specific issues

� Understand the role of S&C program

� Understand role of ongoing assessments of physical and psychological base

ESSENTIALS FOR TEAM PHYSICIANS

� Understand how injuries and illnesses affect results of S&C program

� Understand team communication

� Awareness of and involved in EAP development and rehearsal

DESIRABLE COMPONENTS FOR A TEAM PHYSICIAN

� Knowledge inherent in the demands of a sport

� Involved in ongoing assessment of physical and psychological base

� Involved in the EDUCATION of athletes, coaches, parents of the importance of S&C programs for performance improvement, injury and illness risk reduction

DESIRABLE COMPONENTS FOR A TEAM PHYSICIAN

� Involved in implementation of sport specific S&C programs

� Involved in integration of S&C programs to prevent and treat injuries and illness

� Involved in the development of strategies to limit injury and illness risk in S&C programs

PRINCIPLES

� Specificity

� Progressive Overload

� Prioritization

� Strength, Power, Endurance

� Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditioning

PRINCIPLES

� Periodization

� Strength and Conditioning Program Variables

� Active Rest and Recovery

� Conditioning Modification

Progressive Overload

� Frequency

� Intensity

� Duration

� Volume

� Tempo

Prioritization

� What comes first

Strength, Power, Endurance

� Strength and Power� Heavy - 85% 1RM <7 reps

� Endurance� Light – 60% 1RM >11 reps

� Power� Single 80-90% 1RM 1-2 reps� Multiple 75-85% 1RM 3-5 reps

Aerobic and Anaerobic

� Duration

Periodization

� Planned variation� Long, medium or short

� Type� Classical - longitudinal� Undulation� Combination� Block

Program Variables

� Exercise order

� Exercise selection/mode� Resistance� Plyometric� Agility

� Load

� Muscle action (concentric, eccentric, isometric)

� Repetition speed

� Rest

Active Rest and Recovery

� No couch potatoes

Conditioning Modification

� Youth

� Women

� Multisport

� Athletes with physical and intellectual challenges

Pyramid

� Physiological and psychological base/athletic fitness

� Sport-specific athletic fitness

� Sport-Specific athletic skills

Sport Specific Strength and Conditioning Components

� Evaluate for fitness� Physical� Psychological� Injury risk

� Periodization

� Evaluation of efficacy of program

Sport Specific Strength and Conditioning Objectives

� General athletic fitness� Flexibility� Muscle strength� Power and endurance� Aerobic and anaerobic� Body composition � Psychological state

Sport Specific Strength and Conditioning Objectives

� Sport-specific athletic fitness� Physiologic� Biomechanical� Anatomical sites� Neuromuscular control

Sport Specific Strength and Conditioning Objectives

� Sport-specific performance

IMPLEMENTATION OF A STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING PROGRAM

� Off season

� Preseason

� In season

Off Season

� Length

� Participation in other sports

� Physical and Psychological base

� Sport specific goals

� Rehabilitation of injury and illnesses

� Injury Prevention Programs

Pre-Season

� Length

� Intensity

� Number of practices

� Physical and psychological base

� Rehabilitation of injuries and illnesses

� Environment

� Weight management

In Season

� Length

� Intensity

� Number of practices and games

� Physical and psychological base

� Rehabilitation of injuries and illnesses

� Environment

� Weight management

� RTP

Musculoskeletal Injuries and Illness

� Overload

� Trauma

Medical Injuries and Illness

� Overtraining

� Female Triad

� Fluids and Electrolytes

� Exertional Headaches

Emergency Injuries and Illness

� Exertional Rhabdomyolysis

� Exertional Sickle Cell

� Exertional Heat

� Sudden cardiac arrest/death

STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING ISSUES

� All programs SUPERVISED by certified personnel

� All Strength and Conditioning coaches included in SM network/team