Post on 06-Apr-2018
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CHAPTER- I
1.1. Introduction
The bank is an institution, which collects saving of the public by
providing the attitude of "Depositing for tomorrow" developed with the
human civilization and it has taken a prominent form of "Bank". The
functions of commercial banks are highly diversified and enhanced. They are
not restricted to depositing only but, still when we think of banks, deposit is
the first thing to come into our mind. Banks have been the major source of
funds mobilization in the economy since early times.
Bank is the most powerful institution for the survival of the national
economy. In the early stage, the needs and wants of the person were limited.
In that period everymen were "In self depended and they grew or made
something for themselves. When they began to live together, their needs
and wants went is out of their control. Then the barter system gave birth to
the monetary system. Then men earned more and more money and wanted
to keep in the safe place. They choose one money form that people who
want their money safe and gave that people who need it. This way bank was
introduced. A man was not able to keep all that money. Therefore a real
bank was introduced. Banks are those financial institutions that offer the
widest range of financial services, especially credit, saving and payment
services and perform the widest range of financial functions of any business
firm in the economy.
It has great significance in the context of our modern economy. Bank
tends not only to mobilize the money into priority sectors but it helps to
boost trade and commerce in the national also. Banks function should not be
misjudged only in terms of deposit and investment but also should be
considered as a major source of credit creation in the economy.
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"Banking means the accepting for the purpose of lending or investment
of deposit of money from the public repayable on demand or otherwise, and
withdrawal by cheques, draft or otherwise".
: "Any institution offering deposits subject to withdrawal on demand and
making loans of a commercial or business nature is a bank."
Banking plays a very vital and significant role in the development of
national economy. It is a financial institution that primarily deals in
borrowing and lending. Here financial institution refers that business
organization that is mainly confined to finance the development of the trade,
commerce and industry.
As the country like Nepal, economically poor, a good banking system
can help country to develop economically and in any other sector.
1.2. Development of Bank
Modern banks are not the effort of a single day months or year .It took
many decades to come in this present form. There are different stages in the
development of bank .In ancient time, goldsmith, merchant and money
lender used to perform the work of bank in every country so the ancestorwho helped in the development of banks are as follows.
The Merchant :- Merchants are the oldest ancestors of the modern bank.
They used to exchange the gold silver and deposit valuable ornaments made
of gold, silver, diamond, gem, pearl, ruby etc for the safety purpose. The
merchant after accepting deposit issue a receipt, which is considered
equivalent to the money or precious (valuable) ornaments. They were very
popular at that time so people believe on the merchant. People did not
hesitate to deal with the merchant so receipt given by the merchant is used
as money. The merchant played a vital role in development of bank.
The Moneylender: - The moneylender was second ancestor who helped in
the development of modern bank. The main functions of the moneylender
were to provide loan. In the beginning they provided loan from their own2
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fund or saving. But latter they started to accept deposit from the people too.
The rate of interest on deposit is lower than that that of rate of interest of
loan. People deposited their money with money lender for earning interests
& for safety and the needy borrow from the money lender paying interest so
thwarted as bank and played a vital role in development of bank.
Gold Smith: - The goldsmiths were the third ancestors in the
development of bank. Economists Hartley withers have considered the
ancient goldsmith as the father of the modern bank before evolution of bank
people deposit their precious metal & valuable ornaments with gold smith for
safety. In return goldsmith used to give a receipt which is known as
Goldsmiths Note as an evidence of deposit. It was made payable to bearer
and on demand. They were very popular at that time. People believe on
them. So the receipts given by the gold smith were used as money. It gained
circulation as currency on due course of time. These notes with the passage
of time became payable to bore & on demand an enjoyed circulation. Hence
goldsmith worked as a bank. In this way gold smith started to carry out
creating the credit, issuing notes, lending money, transacting the bills of
exchange & promissory notes etc. Later such banking function performed by
goldsmith transferred to Joint Stick Company and established as a bank andoperated the banking transaction.
1.3. Need of BankBank is the must in the present situation. We cannot even imagine the
development of any country economic activities without bank and the
development of banking is must for development of economic activities.
Even in the ancient time the necessity of bank was realized. The need of
bank can be pointed as follows: -
a. For the economic development of a country.
b. To provide security of valuable goods and property.
c. To transfer funds from one place to another.
d. To develop habit of saving.
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e. To develop agriculture & backward areas.
f. To exchange and control foreign currencies.
g. To provide loan for the needy people at lower rate.
h. To uplift poor people.
i. To generate huge capital.
j. To develop industry & commerce.
1.4. Types of Bank
With the change in time, need of bank also changes. So, their function
also changes. These are many functions of the bank, which a single type of
bank cannot perform. The industrial, commercial & scientific revolutionstarted which result the banking system to develop and extend. A single type
of bank cannot perform all sorts of activities smoothly. So, different types of
banks are formed according to their nature of work. Some of its types are as
follows: -
i. Central Bank: - Central Bank is the supreme bank of any country.
Nepal Rastra Bank is the central bank of Nepal, which is established in
2013 B.S. (1957 A.D.). It accepts credit of His Majesty Government,
Commercial Bank, Financial Institution and Government Office and
gives loan to H.M.G., Commercial Bank, Financial Institution and Govt.
office when needed. It keeps monetary system stable, develop banking
system, issue coins & notes and control the credit money. At the same
time, it works for the economic development of the country. It is also
called as BANK OF BANK.
ii. Commercial Bank: - Commercial bank is established to improve the
economy of the people and to give service and other facilities. It
provide loan to the agriculture, industry, & commerce and to offer
banking service to the people of the country. In Nepal there are 31
commercial banks at present. This bank plays a great role in the
economic development of a country.
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The commercial banks of Nepal are as below:
S. No. Customer Name
1 Bank of Asia Nepal Ltd.2 Bank of Kathmandu Ltd.3 Century Commerical Bank Ltd.
4 Citizens Bank International Ltd.5 Civil Bank Ltd.6 Commerz and Trust Bank7 DCBL Bank Ltd.8 Everest Bank Ltd.9 Global Bank Ltd.10 Growmore Merchant Bank Ltd.11 Himalayan Bank Limited12 Janata Bank Limited13 Kist Merchant Bank Ltd.
14 Kumari Bank Ltd.15 Laxmi Bank Ltd.16 Lumbini Bank Ltd.17 Machhapuchchhre Bank Ltd.18 Mega Bank Ltd.19 Nabil Bank Ltd.20 Nepal Bangladesh Bank Ltd.21 Nepal Bank Ltd.
22Nepal Credit and Commerce BankLtd.
23 Nepal Investment Bank Ltd.24 Nepal Rastra Bank25 Nepal SBI Bank Ltd.26 NIC Bank Ltd.27 NMB Bank Ltd.28 Prime Commercial Bank Ltd.29 Rastriya Banijya Bank Ltd.30 Siddhartha Bank Limited31 Sunrise Bank Ltd.
iii. Agriculture Bank: - These types of bank are established with the
objective of developing agricultural sector of a country. In Nepal,
Agriculture Development Bank (ADB) was established in 2024 B.S.
under the ADB act 2024. Agriculture plays an important role in the
economic development of any country. Especially in the developing
country, farmer does not have enough capital to invest buying
agricultural tools, fertilizers & other necessary equipments. So, ADB
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provides agricultural production loan, agriculture facility, loan, small &
cottage industry loan, agro- profession loan etc for the upliftment of
agriculture in the country.
iv. Industrial Bank: - Industrial bank are the bank, which provide loan to
establish and expand industry of a country. In Nepal industrial and
expand industry of a country. In Nepal Industrial Development
Corporation (NIDC) is considered as Industrial Bank. It provides loan for
the development of industries. The function of this bank is to open new
industry, to expand the present industry, to provide loan & technical
assistance to small-scale industry. To encourage the investor to buy
and sell the share etc.
v. Saving Bank: - The bank established with the objective of managing
type amount of capital by collecting little amount of money saved by
people is called Saving Bank. Such banks are established with the
purpose of encouraging the saving of the people. Up to the recent time
there is not a single bank established as Saving Bank in Nepal. ADB etc
are performing the function of this bank.
vi. Exchange Bank: - The banks, which exchange foreign currency, areknown as Exchange Bank. It exchange different currency and transfer
funds to the foreign currency. It buys and sells the foreign bill of
exchange. It provides facility to transfer money to foreign country. In
Nepal, Nepal Rastra Bank & some other Commercial Bank perform the
function of exchange bank.
vii. Student Bank: - The bank, which accepts the deposit of student and
give loan to the needy student, is called Student Bank. This type ofbank is not established in Nepal till now but this type of bank is found
in other country including India. The student of university deposit
money in the bank. Such bank is established in universities for the
purpose of making saving habit of the students. This bank benefits to
the student studying in the universities.
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viii.Rural Development Bank: - The bank, which is established for the
upliftment of the living standard of the people living in rural area by
encouraging them to start possible income generating occupation, is
Rural Development Bank. It provide loan without security & provide
necessary training and banking services to the people of rural areas.
The bank have a goal to bring poor people of lower class to promote
them at respectable level by giving them opportunity to increase
income & bring out hidden & suppressed skills through different
training.
ix. Labour Bank: - Up to the recent date there is not a single bank
established in Nepal as labour bank. In many other countries we can
find this type of bank. This type of bank is established by labour union
with the objective of offering the banking services to labourers. It is
called as labour bank. Due to limited income, the labour class has no
possibility of saving. So this bank is opened with intention to increase
the tendency of saving in labour class by saving a certain portion of
their incomes to deposit with this bank.
x. Indigenous Bank: - The bank, which follows the banking profession, istraditional custom & culture are called indigenous bank. It provides
loan at a fixed interest rate & accepts deposit. Examples of this type of
bank are goldsmiths, landlords, and merchants. In Nepal, we can find
this type of bank to great extent. So we cannot ignore their
importance. Such types of bank are in large number in developing
countries than in developed countries.
1.5. Introduction of Nabil Bank Ltd.
Nabil Bank Limited was established on July 12, 1984 under the Nepal
Commercial Bank act 2031, and Nepal Company Act 2053. It was the first
foreign Joint Venture by the Joint Investment of Dubai Bank Limited, and the
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Nepalese investor, which included local financial institution and general
public owing 20% and 30% of the total capital respectively. The other half
portion of total capital was owned by Dubai Bank Ltd., which was later
acquired by Emirates Bank International Ltd, and then by National Bank Ltd.
Bangladesh. The current partner that owns 50% share of Nabil Bank Limited
is N.B. International Ltd. of Ireland.
Nabil Bank Ltd. was previously known as Nepal Arab Bank Ltd. till
December 31, 2001. Under the technical service agreement approved by
Nepal Rastra Bank, Nabil Bank Ltd. has 45 braches and 2 counters within
Nepal, which is the highest number of branches of any Joint Venture Bank in
Nepal. It is the authorized bank to operate inside the Tribhuvan International
Airport. It provides the insurance of bank guarantee, letter of credit, credit
card and other banking service worldwide. This bank is making good profit
and has provided employment to large numbers of people. It has been giving
banking service through different branches by using extra modern
technologies. It is a popular bank of Nepal.
There are Nepalese and foreign investor investing in this bank. The
shares holding of Nabil Bank Ltd are:
Table No.1: Share holding of Nabil Bank Ltd
N.B (International) Limited, Ireland 50%
Nepalese Public 30%
Nepal Industrial Development
Corporation6.15%
Rastriya Beema Sansthan 9.67%
Others (Promoter Groups) 3.85%
Nepal Stock Exchange 0.33%
Total: 100%
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(Source: www.nabilbankltd.com)
Figure No.1:
Pie Chart Showing Share Holding of Nabil Bank Ltd. of
Different Investors.
Share Holding of Nabil Bank Ltd
Table No. 1 shows the share holding of Nabil bank by different investors.
Share of N.B (International) Limited, Ireland is 50%, share of General Public
is 30.%, share of Nepal Industrial Development Corporation is 6.15% , shareof Rastriya Beema Sansthan is 9.67%, the promoters groups share is 3.58%
and finally the share of Nepal Stock Exchange is 0.33%.
1.6 Organizational Setup of Nabil Bank LTD
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Manager HeadOffice Operation
10
Board of DirectorChief Executive OfficerManagerInternal Audit
ManagerInternal ControlSenior ManagerCredit &
Marketing
Senior ManagerOperation
Senior ManagerLegal & Personn el
ManagerCorporateBanking
ManagerHead Office
Credit
In chargeCentralControl
ManagerTreasuryManager CardService
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Head Office.
Management Team
Mr. Anil Gyawali (Chief Executive Officer)
Central OperationsMr. Kapil Sharma Chief Operating officer
Ms Neelam Tuladhar Head - Branches and Distribution Network
Mr. Jyoti K.C. Head - Central Trade Operations
Mr. Roshan Koirala Head - Human Resources
Finance & PlanningMr. Amrit Charan
Shrestha Chief Financial ControllerMr. Krishna Dutta
Bhattarai Chief Financial Officer
Legal and SupportMr. Binay Regmi Head - legal & Support
Mr. Rajesh UpadhyayaHead - Information Technology
Mr. Basanta Dhakhwa Manager - IT support
Mr. Dinesh Poudel Head - Administration
Risk Units
Mr. Anil Khanal Chief Risk OfficerMr. Krishna Gopal Head - Credit Administration and Support
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ManandharMr. Rajendra Bahadur
Malla Head - Operation Risk
Ms. Neena Thapa Head- Credit Risk ManagementMr. Iswar Man
Shrestha Credit AnalystMr. Babu Ratna
Bajracharya Credit AnalystMr. Kanhaiya Lal
RajwantManager - Compliance, Governance &Strategic Planning
Investment Management and International Banking
Mr. Bhuvan Dahal Chief Investment Officer
Mr. Mohan Subba Head - Global MarketsMr. Praveen Raman
Parajuli Head - Merchant BankingMr. Satish Sagar
Dawadi Head- BancassuranceCorporate Banking & Project Financing
Mr. Deepak Shrestha Head - Project FinancingMr. Dripu Dhoj
Adhikari Head - Corporate Banking
Ms. Namita Dixit Sr. Relationship Manager, KathmanduMr. Gyaneshwor
Acharya Sr. Relationship Manager, Kathmandu
Mr. Sanjay Nepal Sr. Relationship Manager, Kathmandu
Mr. Binay Neupane Sr. Relationship Manager, KathmanduMr. Kabindra P.
Shrestha Relationship Manager, KathmanduMr. Keshav Bdr.
Nepali Relationship Manager, Kathmandu
Mr. Nischal Pandey Relationship Manager, Kathmandu
Mr. Pushkar Bhattarai Relationship Manager, Biratnagar
Mr. Krishna Thapa Relationship Manager, Birgunj
SME, Micro and Personal Lending
Mr. Ramesh Lohani Head - Retail & SME Business
Mr. Yagya P. Sharma Head - SMEMr. Suresh P
Tripathee Head - PLUDeposit Relation Management & E - Channels
Mr. Binay K. Regmi Head- Deposit Relation Management
Mr. Saroj Pyakurel Sr. Relationship Manager
Mr. Deepok Chhettri Sr. Relationship Manager
Mr. Pradeep Mishra Head - Inward Sourcing
Mr. Niraj Sharma Head Card Division & E-Channel
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Internal Audit
Mr. Binod K. Sharma Head - Internal Audit
1.7. Branch NetworkNabil Bank Ltd. has 45 branches, and two counters, which is the largest
number of branches among Joint Venture Bank in Nepal.
Head Office
Nabil Bank Ltd.
Nabil House, Kamaladi, Kathmandu.
Branches & Counter
1. Teendhara Branch, Kathmandu
2. Kantipath Branch, Kathmandu
3. Tripureshwor Branch, Kathmandu
4. Newroad Branch, Kathmandu
5. Jorpati Branch, Kathmandu
6. Adarsh Nagar Branch, Birgunj
7. Power House Chowk, Birgunj, Parsa
8. Goswara Road Biratnagar Branch, Biratnagar
9. Kupondole Branch, Lalitpur10. Itahari Branch, Itahari
11. Butwal Branch, Butwal
12. Newroad Pokhara Branch, Pokhara
13. Bhairahawa Branch, Bhairahawa
14. Nepalgunj Branch, Nepalgunj
15. Lakeside Branch, Pokhara
16. Exchange Counter, TIA, Kathmandu
17. Dharan Branch, Dharan
18. Bhalwadi Branch, Rupandehi
19. Maharajgunj Branch, Kathmandu
20. Birtamode Branch, Jhapa
21. Damak Branch, Jhapa
22. Hetuada Branch, Makawanpur
23. Narayangadh Branch, Chitwan
24. Baglung Branch, Baglung
25. Tulsipur Branch, Tulsipur
26. Ghorahi Branch, Dang
27. Dhangadi Branch, Dhangadi
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28. Mahendranagar Branch, Kanchanpur
29. New Baneshwor Branch, Kathmandu
30. Halchowk Branch, Swoyambhu , Kathmandu
31. Thamel Branch, Kathmandu
32. Kausaltar Branch, Bhaktapur
33. Chabahil Branch, Kathmandu
34. Maitidevi Branch, Kathmandu35. Satdobato Branch, Lalitpur
36. Balaju Branch, Kathmandu
37. Kuleshwor Branch, Kathmandu
38. Khandbari Branch, Shankhuwashabha
39. Charikot Branch, Dolakha
40. Dhulikhel Branch, Kavre
41. Gorkha Branch, Gorkha
42. Besisahar Branch, Lamjung
43. Chandragadhi Branch, Jhapa
44. Dhapashi Branch, Kathmandu
45. Anamanagar Branch, Kathmandu46. Sinamangal Branch, Kathmandu
47. Gwarko Branch, Kathmandu
48. Attarkhel Branch, Kathmandu
ATM Counters
1. Attariya,
2. Baneshwor, Kathmandu
3. Bhaktapur, Bhaktapur
4. Bigbazar, Birgunj
5. Pulchowk, Lalitpur
6. Chipledhunga, Pokhara
7. Foradurbar, Kathmandu
8. Jhamsikhel, Lalitpur
9. Kalimati, Kathmandu
10. Kapan Gumba, Kathmandu
11. Kathmandu Guest House, Thamel, Kathmandu
12. Krishna Tower, New Baneshwor, Kathmandu
13. Lakeside, Pokhara
14. Hotel Ying Yang, Thamel, Kathmandu
15. Newroad ATM Lobby, Newroad, Kathmandu
16. Sanchayakosh, Thamel, Kathmandu
17. Hotel Soaltee, Soaltee Mode, Kathmandu
18. US Embassy, Chakrapath, Kathmandu
1.8. Products and Services Provided by Nabil Bank Ltd.
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Nabil bank Ltd is one of the most popular banks of Nepal. It has provided
many services to its customers. Due to which it is popular among the
Nepalese people. The services and products provided by Nabil Bank Ltd are
as below.
1. Deposit: - Nabil bank Ltd accepts the saving of people as deposit.
People deposit their savings in the bank for their future use. It gives
interest to the depositor. Some types of Deposit of Nabil Bank are.
a. Current Deposit
b. Saving Deposit
c. Fixed Deposit
d. Call Deposit
2. Loan: - It provides loan to the needy people for different activities. It
also provides loan for industrial & trading purpose. It provides loans on
(mortgage) security & takes certain percent as interest.
3. Credit Card: - Nabil Bank Ltd is the first bank to introduce credit card in
Nepal. It commenced credit card facilities with the acceptance of
master card, visa card, AMEX etc. due to the increasing number of
tourist & visitors it has opened credit card counter at Thamel,
Kathmandu & Lakeside, Pokhara.
4. Safe- Deposit Locker: Nabil Bank not only keeps its customers money
safe but also it keeps their valuable ornaments, jewelry & important
documents safe. It charges a minimum reasonable amount for these
services. It provides this facility in some of its branches only.
5. Fund Transfer: - with the help of worldwide network of its
correspondent bank it can transfer its customer fund to and from Nepalto anywhere in the world within minimum time.
6. Western Union Money Transfer: Nabil Bank Ltd has entered in to an
agreement with Western Union Financial Inc.USA, under which funds
can be transferred to Nepal from more than 85000 locations in more
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than 176 countries like; we can send money to these locations within
few minutes.
7. SWIFT: - Nabil Bank has become a member of SWIFT (Society for
Worldwide Inter-bank Financial Telecommunication). Message & Fund
Transfer is carried out through SWIFT with minimum time & Cost.
8. Automated Tellers Machines (ATM): - It the new step of financial
process. This system is very useful and easy to do the financial
transaction, which helps us as follows.
The basic functions of Nabil ATM are dispensing cash, inquiring the
balance in the customer account accepting requests for cheque -
books, printing of statement of accounts.
Nabil ATM card is called CASH CARD since it provides flexibility of cash
withdrawal conveniently.
Nabil ATM never sleeps. It is at our service round the clock- 24 hours a
day and 365 days a year.
Nabil provides additional CASH CARD (supplementary card) for your
spouse who maintains a joint account with us, which is operated singly,
subject to the other conditions mentioned above.
At the time of issue of CASH CARD we will be given a sealed envelope,
which contains 4 digits number randomly generated by a computer.
This number is known as Personal Identification Number (PIN), which is
known only to the cardholder. Whenever we desire to do a transaction
at the ATM, we should insert the PIN. This is the ATM's way of knowing
the authenticity of the cardholder. The ATM screen will guide us step
by step through all the transactions with a series of help messages.
Detailed instructions on operating the ATM are also given on the
reverse.
We have to inform immediately- by telephone, if possible followed by a
letter- the nearest branch of Nabil Bank about the loss of our card. The
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1.10. Features of Fixed Deposit
a. The amount is deposit for a fixed period.
b. The amount cannot be withdrawn by cheque before the expiry of time.
c. Interest is higher than in saving, Current or other a/c.
d. Usually, the interest is awarded every 3 month in this deposit
e. Fixed deposit a/c can be rewarded after expiry of time.
f. Bank can invest such deposit in other sector.
g. Customer can deposit for fixed time from 7 days to 5 years & more.
h. Both Customer & Bank get benefited from this deposit.
Interest Rate Given by Nabil Bank Ltdfor fixed deposit
Period Rates
Upto 1
month
7 % to 8 %
3 months 8% to 9 %
6 months 9 % to 10
%
1 year or
above
10% to
10.5 %
(Effective Date June 2011)
1.11. Procedure of Opening Fixed Deposit:
To open the fixed deposit a/c we should first of all fill a form, which is
available in Nabil bank. We can get form from any branch & deposit it in the
same bank, which is near, & easy for us to deal we should fill our name,
surname, age, address, & citizenship of the applicant & other necessary
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things should be filled up in firm. We also should include the name of a willed
person. Willed person is the person to whom the deposited money will be
transfer in case of the death of the depositor.
After filling the form the employee of Nabil bank, check the application
form. After checking the form if we found everything right than we can
deposit money in the bank. Then the bank provides a receipt as an evidence
of (proof) to show that the fixed deposit a/c is opened. After depositing the
money we will get interest from the bank.
1.12. Procedure of Closing Fixed Deposit
Fixed deposit account is not like current &saving deposit, which goes
continuously for long time. In the fixed deposit, costumer deposits amount
for a fixed period so after the expiry of the fixed period the relation between
the bank & customer comes to an end automatically and if the customer
doesnt renew the account. If the customer renews the as then it goes on
continuously for the fixed period after the expiry of the fixed period the
customer with the receipt if fixed deposit visit the bank and withdraw his
money back he get the total amount of capital the interest for the deposit.
But if the customer wants to continue then he can renew it. The deposit will
end if the a/c holder dies. The deposit will be transferred to the willed person
on the death of the a/c holder. And is the willed person wants to continue the
a/c he can continue the account.
1.13 Objectives of the Study.
The main objectives of the study are to analyze the trend of saving
deposit and total deposit of Nabil bank. And other objectives of the study are
as follows.
To analyze the total mix of deposit in Nabil.
To analyze the share of fixed deposit out of total deposit on Nabil.
To analyze the trend of fixed deposit in Nabil.
To analyze various facilities only provided in Nabil
To evaluate the importance and utilization of fixed deposit account.
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1.14 Limitation of the Study.
This study gives general information about the Nabil bank and its
function. It also gives the basic ideas of deposit collection and trend speciallyfixed deposit.
I tried to get as much as information about Nabil and also want to
analyze them appropriately, but there are some limitations, which could not
be crossed.
Due to time constraints, this study was done only within one
organization.
The study concerns only a period of 5 years from year 2004 to 2008
and hence the conclusion only the above period.
The studies focus on fixed deposit account.
It cant compare fixed deposit of other commercial banks.
Only secondary data are used. So, the reliability of data is not checked.
CHAPTER II
2.1. Literature Review
A bank is the custodian of the deposit of depositors. In modern Bank is
one of the important financial institutions dealing with the money, credit and
financial asset. In fact, the term bank has been derived from the Greek word
called "BANCA" which meaning is lending and borrowing of money sitting on
bench. On this basis, banking is defined as an institution dealing with money,
credit and other financial asset.
A bank is government registered institution which involved in
monitoring transaction, it purchase and sales money and credit. Banks are
the most important financial institution in the economy. It plays a vital role in
the development of a country.
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"Ordinary banking business consists of changing for bank deposits and bank
deposits for cash".
"Any institutions opening deposits subject to which drawl on demand andmaking loans of commercial or business nature is bank"
"Banking means the accepting for the purpose of lending or investment of
deposit of money from the public repayable on demand or otherwise and
withdraw able by cheque, draft or otherwise
A bank is dealer in capital or more probably a dealer in money; he is an
intermediate party between the borrowers and the lenders"
" A bank means a commercial institution government or non-government
which financially functioned as collecting /accepting deposit of money by
allowing interest repaying it on demand or lending , transaction in give and
take of cash, gold, silver and other valuables etc."
"Therefore it shows that NABIL has a good and sound reputation
among its customers. The economy is going through recession these few
years and interest rate provided by all banks including NABIL to its deposit
are directly decreasing even that fixed deposit trend of NABIL doesnt
seem to be affected by this. It indicates that the customers have faith that
their deposit will be handled carefully by NABIL. The deposit isnt
completely governed by returns on it only 23.94% of total deposit is one of
the major sources of funds for NABIL BANK LTD.
Maximum deposit isnt good economic policy for development of the
country. If deposits are invested in any kinds of productive sector, it moves
the country to economic development. Many people directly or indirectly
engaged on employment and it also increased the national productively. In
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this way we can say that Deposit is a kind of economic seeds for countries
but all deposits should not be seed for us. If all crops are used for seeds, we
will hungry when it doesnt give product. That is why we can say that a
suitable deposit is most important equipment for the development of study
deposit collection policy of every kind of banking and financial institutions.
Profitability position of NABIL Bank is comparatively better than the other
ratios. So I recommend the bank to use its resources for generating more
profit margins. If the resources are held idle, the bank may face high costs
and causes the low profit margin.
CHAPTER III
3.1 Research Methodology
Before collecting information from bank the action plan was made
according to the instruction given by the subject teacher. Initially, Kamaladi ,
Head Office of Nabil bank is visited and some aspects of issue have been
interviewed and have been discussed with them also.
From the co-operation and help of the concerned staff, annual report
and information regarding deposits especially fixed deposit have been
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collected. Apart from that other information and primary data are collected
from the some publishes and annual report of Nabil what they provided us.
Available literature and document have been reviewed. Then after,
collected information and data have analyzed and synthesized.
3.2. Types of Methodology in ResearchCollection of data means the methods that are used for getting the
necessary information from the units under investigation. The method of
collecting the data depends upon the nature, object & the scope of the
inquiry. There are two types of data:
(a) Primary Data
(b) Secondary Data
According to Selltiz, Wrightsman and Cook as quoted by Ritchie (1989)
the purpose of various data collection techniques are to produce truth
worthy evident that is relevant to the research question being asked.
(a) Primary Data:
The first hand data, which is collected by the researcher himself, is
primary data. The data is thus originated in character. These types of dataare obtained in the survey and inquire conducted by Government, some
individual institutions & research bodies. It has not been collected primary
data for this study.
This fieldwork is based, to some extent, on the primary data collected
from the concern sample group of officers working in NABIL.
(b) Secondary Data:
Any data, which is already published in other sources, like book,
newspaper, websites, etc. is secondary data. For this purpose of this
fieldwork, I have collected the secondary data from the following sources:
1. 2006/07, 2007/08, 2008/09, 2009/10Annual Report of NABIL.
2. Field work report of previous BBA 5TH Semester
3. Other related Manuals & Bulletins statement published by NABIL
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4. NABIL Bank website (www.nabilbank.com)
3.3. Data processing Technique
The data collected from the above stated sources has been classified,
tabulated and interpreted for easier study.
Classification and tabulation of dataThe data collected are classified tabulated and arranged in a manner to
make it easily understand with the use of table in a chronological order. After
classification, the data is tabulated.
3.4. Diagrammatic Representation of Data
Various diagrams are used to present the data more clearly. Thediagrams used are as follows.
Bar Diagram Pie-chart Trend Line
3.5. Statistical Tools
Statistical Tools is to be used as follows:
Mean
Standard Deviation and C.V
Ratio
Percentage
Co-relation and Regression
CHAPTER IV
4. Presentation and analysis of data
Various statistical techniques used for the analysis of data. Data are
analyzed according to the figures in the table extracted from the annualgeneral meeting repost of the bank and mentioning the reasons of increasing
and decreasing trend data.The main purpose of this case study is to show
the fixed deposit trend of Nabil Bank Ltd., its customers interest and Nabils
policy so far as well as recommend suggestions for its improvement through
this study. During the fieldwork at Nabil Bank Ltd., Kamaladi, board aspects o
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fixed deposit, the following phenomena about F.D. in Nabil Bank has been
observed.
Table no. 2:
The Financial Highlights of Nabil Bank Ltd., Of The Year 2009/ 2010(NRs. In Million)
Particulars 2009/10 2008/09
Total Capital Fund 3,834.8 3,130.2
Deposit 46,410.7 37,348.3
Loan advance & Overdrafts 33,031 27,999
Interest Income 4,047.7 2,798.5
Interest Expenditure 1,960.1 1,153.3
Net Interest Income2,087.6
21,645.20
Total operating income 2,764.1 2,220.9
Total Operating Expenses 701.7 604.9
Profit Before Prov. For Possible Loss.
Bonus & Tax
2062.41616
Provision For Possible Losses 355.82 45.72Provision For Staff Bonus 162.51 147.86
Provision For Tax 485.91 447.61
Net Profit1,138
.571,031.05
(Source: Nabil Bank Ltd. Report 2009/10)
Above table shows the financial highlights of Nabil bank. It shows over all
performance of Nabil bank is good. Bank earns net profit of Rs 1,031.05
million in 2008 and earns net profit of Rs. 1,138.57 million in 2010.
4.1. Deposit Mix:
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Deposit Mix is the composition of different types of deposits of the
bank. The deposits mix of Nabil Bank Ltd. is given in the table below.
Table No.3Deposit mix of Nabil Bank
(Rs in million)
Years 2009/10 2008/09 ChangeNRs.
%
Current 7,904.67 5,480.53 2424.14 44Saving 13,783.58 14,620.41 (836.83) (6)Fixed 14,711.16 8,310.71 6400.45 77Call 9,295.06 8,438.27 856.79 10
Margin 629.86 463.01 166.85 36Others 864.21 353.20 511.01 145
Total 47,188.54 37,666.13 9522.41 25
Figure No.2: Pie Chart of Deposit mix of Nabil Bank in 2009/10
Figure No.3: Pie Chart of Deposit Mix of Nabil Bank of Year 2008/09
Table no.3 Indicates that the overall deposit of Nabil Bank is
increasing. Total deposit is increased by 25% this fiscal year (2009/10) in
comparison to the previous fiscal year (2008/09). Current deposit is
increased by 44% this fiscal year compared to previous year. Saving deposit
has decreased by 6%, fixed deposit is increased by 77%. Call deposit is
increased by 10%, and Margin is increased by 36% whereas other deposits
have increased by 145% this fiscal year as compared to the previous year.
4.2. Fixed Deposits
Fixed deposits are the deposit, which are deposited for a certain period.
It is one of the major deposits of any bank. The fixed deposits of Nabil Bank
are in the table below.
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Table No. 4: Fixed Deposit of Nabil Bank(Rs. In Million)
Yea
r
Fixed
Deposit
%
Change200
63450.2 -
200
75435.2 58%
200
88464.09 56%
200
98310.70 -2%
201
014711.16 77%
In the above table we can see the fixed deposit of five year. The fixed
deposit is increased by 58% in 2007 than previous year. The fixed deposit on
2008 and 2009 is increased by 56% and decreased by 2% respectively in
comparison to previous year. And the fixed deposit in 2008 is increased by
77% than previous year. This is also shown by following figure.
Figure No.4: Fixed Deposit of Nabil Bank
4.3. Total Deposit
Total deposit is the sum of current, fixed, margin, saving, call & other
deposit. While studying the fixed deposit we should also study the total
deposit of Nabil Bank Ltd.
Table No. 5: Total Deposit of Nabil Bank
(Rs. In Million)
Year Total
Deposit
%
Change200
6
19348.4 -
200 23342.3 20.6
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7200
8
31915.05 36.73
200
9
37348.25 17
201
0
46410.70 24
In the above table, we have given the total deposit of Nabil Bank from
the year 2004 to 2008. We can see that the total deposit is increased by
3.5% in the year 2005. And there after the total deposit is increased by
32.6%, 20.6% and 36.73% in the year 2006, 2007 and 2008 respectively in
comparison to the previous year.
Figure No.5: Total Deposit of Nabil Bank
4.4. Fixed Deposit to Total Deposit Ratio
Following table and figures shows the fixed deposit to total deposit ratio ofNabil bank.
Formula used here is fixed deposit to total deposit ratio =
%100TD
FD
Table No. 6: Fixed deposit to total deposit
ratio
(Rs. In Million)
YearFixed
Deposit
Total
Deposit
Ratio %
2006 3450.2 19348.4 17.8 %
2007 5435.2 23342.3 23.3 %
2008 8464.09 31915.05 26.52%
2009 8310.70 37348.25 22.01%
2010 14711.16 46410.70 31.82%
Above table no. 6 shows fixed deposit to total deposit ratio. Fixed deposit to
total deposit ratio was 17.8% in 2006 which increased to 23.3% in 2007.
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There after this ratio shows increasing trend. It reaches to 26.52% in 2008
and decreases by 4.51% and reaches 22.01% in 2009. In 2010 the ratio
increases to 31.82%. This trend is also shown in following figures.
Figure No. 6: Fixed deposit and Total deposit
Figure No. 6.1: Fixed deposit to total deposit ratio
4.5. Investment to F.D. Ratio
Formulae Used: Investment to F.D. Ratio = investment/fixed
deposit*100%
Table No 7: Invest to fixed deposit ratio
(Rs. inmillion)
YearInvestment
FixedDeposit Ratio %
2006 6178.53 3450.2 179.082007 8945.31 5435.2 164.582008 9939.77 8464.09 117.43
2009 10826.37 8310.70 130.272010 13600.91 14711.16 92.45
Average ratio 136.77
Above table no: 7 shows the decreasing trend of investment to fixed
deposit ratio. In year 2006 investment was Rs. 6178.53 million and fixed
deposit was Rs. 3450.2 million and the ratio was 179.08 %. The ratio was
164.58%, 117.43%, 130.27%, and 92.45% in the year 2007, 2008, 2009 and
2010 respectively. The Invest to fixed deposit rate has increased in the year2009 reaching 130.27%. The average investment rate of Nabil bank is
136.77% of fixed deposit over the five years study period. This ratio is also
shown by following figures.
Figure No. 7: Invest and fixed deposit
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Figure No. 7.1: Invest to fixed deposit ratio
4.6. Cash Reserve Ratio
Nepal Rastra Bank controls the money supply & credit in the country in
order to stabilize the price and to meet different economic economics
condition of the country. Every commercial bank operating in Nepal should
maintain cash reserve as per the directive to NRB. The recent cash reserve
ratio provided by Nabil Bank are:
1. 4.5% of Fixed deposit
2. 7% of Demand Deposit
3. 3% of Total Deposit that must be cash in hand
Formula Used
Cash Reserve Ratio = (Cash & Bank Balance / Total Deposit) * 100%
Table No. 8: Cash reserve ratio
(Rs. In Million)
The above
table shows that the ratio of CRR of Nabil Bank in the year 2006, 2007, 2008,
30
Year Cash & Bank
Balance
Total Deposit CRR%
2006 630.24 19348.4 3.26%2007 1399.8 23342.4 6%2008 2671.14 31915.05 8.37%2009 3372.51 37348.25 9.02%2010 1400.09 46410.70 3.01%
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2009 and 2010 is 3.26%, 6%, 8.37%, 9.02% and 3.01% respectively. CRR is
increasing & decreasing in the different year. The main reason of fluctuation
of CRR in different year is due to the increasing & decreasing of Cash & Bank
Balance and Total Deposit & it is also affected by NRB
Figure No. 8: Cash reserve ratio
Figure No. 8.1: Cash reserve ratio
4.7 Interest Paid to different depositsInterest paid by Nabil bank to the different deposits in 2009 and 2010
are shown in the following table.
Table No. 9: Interest Paid to different deposits
(Rs in Million)
20
09
2010
Fixed Deposit 460.03 833.54Saving
Deposit
298.45 526.60
Call Deposit 303.18 499.40
Interest paid on fixed deposit, saving deposit and call deposit were Rs.
460.03 million, Rs. 298.45 million and Rs. 303.18 million in 2009 which
reached to Rs. 833.54 million, Rs. 526.60 million and Rs. 499.40 million in2010 respectively. Interests paid on deposits were increased in 2010 in
comparison to previous year. This interest expenditure is also shown in
following figure.
Figure No. 9: Interest Paid to different deposits
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)(..xDF
4.8. Statistical Analysis
Calculation of mean S.D., C.V. and Karl Pearsons Correlation
Coefficient between Fixed Deposit & Total Deposit
Table No. 10:Statistical Analysis
X=(
XX
) y=Y-
Y
2006 3450.2 19348.4 -897.54 805578.1 -1309.7
4
1715418.9
1175544
2007 5435.2 23342.4 1087.46 1182569.3
2684.26
7205251.7
2919025.4
2008 8464.09 31915.05 4116.35 16944337.3
11256.91
126718022.7
46337381.5
2009 8310.70 37348.25 236.43 55899.145675.2
932208916
.581341808.8
1
201014711.1
646410.70 6636.89
44048308.87
14737.74
217200980.3
97812759.23
Total40371.
35
158364.
8
7260473
1.13
4707614
70
17907592
8.50
4.8.1 Mean
Mean is the sum of all the observation or values divided by number of
observation or values. Mean is the arithmetic average of total observations
or values.
Average F.D.
n
XX =
)(
=40371.35/5 = Rs. 8074.27
Average T.D.
n
YY
=
)(
=158364.8/5 = Rs. 31672.96
32
_
2)( YY
2_
)( XX
)(_
xx )(_
YY
Yea)(..
Y
DT
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Therefore, the average (mean) of fixed deposit of Nabil Bank Ltd., for
last five year is Rs. 8074.27 million & the average (mean) of total deposit of
Nabil Bank Ltd. is Rs. 31672.96 million.
4.8.2 Standard Deviation
S.D. is defined as the positive square root of the mean of the square of
the deviations taken from the arithmetic mean. It measures the relative
majors of dispersions i.e. the value disperses from the respective mean. It is
denoted by
.
F.D. = {
nXX /)( 2
} = (72604731.13/5)
= 14520946.23
= Rs 3810.63
T.D. = {
nYY /)(2
} = (470761470/5)
= 94152294= Rs. 9703.21
Therefore the standard deviation of fixed deposit of Nabil Bank
Ltd. for the last five years is Rs. 2376.2 and the standard deviation of
total deposit of Nabil Bank Ltd. is Rs. 6565.6
4.8.3. Coefficient of Variance.
The coefficient of dispersion based on standard deviation
multiplied by 100 is known as the coefficient of variance (C.V). It is
independent unit.
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C.V. F.D. =
%100)/..(
XDF
=
%1008074.27
3810.63
= 47.19%
C.V. T.D. =
%100)/..(
YDT
=
%10031672.96
9703.21
= 30.63%
The Coefficient of Variance measures variability of the observation.
Which reference to above calculation there is uniformity in the changes of
total deposit as compared to fixed deposit because C.V. of total deposit is
less than the C.V. of fixed deposit.
4.8.4 Karl Pearsons Correlation Coefficient between FixedDeposit and Total Deposit
One of the widely used mathematical methods of calculating the
correlation coefficient between two or more variables is Karl Pearsons
Correlation Coefficient. It is also known as Pearsons Correlation
Coefficient. It is denoted byXY
Yor simply Y is defined by.
= xyY
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2x
2y
Value always has between
1
and
1+
.
1+
Denotes the perfect
positive correlation between the two variables &
1
denotes negative
correlation between the two namable
Y =
22
yx
xy
=
470761470372604731.150179075928.
=
12.2169084.8520
50179075928.
=
1.184818042
50179075928.
= 0.96The value of correlation shows the degree of relationship between two
or more and two variables. The positive correlation coefficient show the
positive relationship. Since, the correlation coffecient between F.D and T.D is
nearly 1, there is nearly perfect correlation between F.D. & T.D. of Nabil Bank
Ltd. This value implies if T.D. increases, F.D. also increases and vice versa.
4.8.5. Probable Error.
Its the measure of testing the reliability of the calculated value if Y.
.= 0.6745
( nr /1 2
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If Y
.,.6
it is significant in other case nothing can be
concluded.
.= 0.6745
( )nr /1 2= 0.6745
( 5/)96.0(1 2= 0.6745
( )24.2/96.0(1
= 0.6745
( )42.01
= 0.6745 0.58= 0.391
6
.. = 6 X 0.391 = 2.34
Since Y is < 6
.. i.e. 0.99< 2.34, the value of Y is insignificant.
4.8.6. Trend Analysis
The movement of the data over a long period is called trend. Trend
Analysis helps us to study the changes in the value of different variable with
the passage of time. This analysis is one of the important tools of financial
statement analysis in which the trend of any item contained in the financial
statement can be shown over the different period.
Least Square Method:
A widely & commonly used method to describe the trend is the method of
least square. Under this method, a trend line is fitted to the data satisfying
the following two conditions
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i.
= 0)( ycy&
ii.
2)( ycy
is least where y is the actual value & yc the
computed value of y. As
2)( ycy
is least, hence the
name method of least square. The line obtained by this
method is known as the line of best fit.
Let the trend line between the dependent variable y and the
independent variable x (i.e. time) be represented by
y = a + bx .(i)
Then for any given value of independent variable X, the
estimate value of Y is denoted by Yc given by above equation is
yc = a + bx,
Where,
a = y intercept or value of y when x = 0
b = slope of the trend line or amount of change that comes in y
for a unit change in x
Table No.11: Calculation of trend Value of Fixed Deposit.
Year (X) FixedDeposit (y)
x =X-2006 x2 xy
2006 3450.2 0 0 0
2007 5435.2 1 1 5435.2
2008 8464.1 2 4 16928.2
2009 8310.70 1 1 8310.70
2010 14711.16 2 4 29422.32
N=5 y =40371.36
x = 0
=2
x
10 xy=25397.42
Here, a =
ny /=
5
36.40371
= 8074.27
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b =
2/ xxy
=
10
42.25397
= 2539.74
Substituting the value at a & b in eqn
yc = a+bxyc= 8074.27+2539.74x
For trend values
When x =-2, yc = 8074.27+2539.74 (-2) =
2994.79
When x = -1, yc = 8074.27+2539.74 (-1) =
5507.53
When x = 0, yc = 8074.27+2539.74 0 =
8074.27
When x= 1, yc = 8074.27+2539.74 (1) =
10613.94
When x = 2, yc = 8074.27+2539.74 (2) =
13153.68
Figure No. 10:Trend Value of Fixed Deposit
The above figure shows that the trend of fixed deposit is increasing
every year.
Predicted Value of fixed deposit in year 2011
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yc = a + bx
= 8074.27+2539.74 (3)
= NRs. 15693.49 million
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CHAPTER V
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION & RECOMMONDATION
5.1 SUMMARY:Bank is an institution, which provides a financial services o the general
people. Simply bank is media to collect deposits from the general people and
provides them loans by charging a certain rate of interest bank is a
manufacture of credit machine for fascinating exchange. Today, bank plays
a vital role in the financial market top increase the volume of finance the
transactions in the financial market directly depended upon the banking
systems of the country. So the government must always careful in making ofbanking policies.
A fieldwork report has been under take to make a through study and
analysis on the performance of Nabil. This was established in 1984 A.D.,
which was the first commercial joint venture public bank in Nepal by issuing
30% share to general public shareholders. Later on it was collaborated with
Nabil bank international Ireland. The study is mainly based on the balance
sheet prepared by Nabil at the end of the fiscal year and necessary has beenunder take with concentration area of the study is only on fixed deposit.
Every commercial bank is compulsory required to maintain at least a certain
CRR of its total deposit to meet inactivated demand of cash from the clients
as per rules and regulation of NRB. Nabil has maintained 3.26% CRR of its
total deposit in average on the year 2006 which is increased to 9.02% in
year 2009. The CRR has dropped to 3.01% in year 2010. As per regulation of
NRB, there is a legal provision for a commercial bank to maintain its balance
with NRB at least 10% in average out of its total deposit.
The percentage of fixed deposit out of total deposit in the beginning year is
satisfactory which indicated the back inability to attract the general public
towards saving out of total deposit. This is due to inability of Nabil to create
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confidence among general public on its performance. However the ratio of
fixed deposit to total deposit is decreasing year by year which shows the
success of Nabil to attract more people towards fixed deposit and to create a
reputed image among general public in satisfactory. But at the year 2009
and 2010, the ratio of F.D and T.D decreases in the year 2009 reaching
22.01 from 26.52 in which again shows inability of Nabil to attract general
public towards fixed deposit out of total deposit. But again in 2010 the ration
of F.D and T.D increases to 31.82% resulting in attiring general public
towards fixed deposit by offering new schemes. This upward slope of trend
line of fixed deposit from the left to the right indicated that more people are
attracting in fixed deposit.
Nabil bank gives 10.5% interest on fixed deposit for depositing 1 year and
above. The data for this study analysis is taken from the annual publications
report of Nabil and some data from personnel interview with bank officials
and some personal view of Nabil were also referred to whenever required.
According to data presented in above chapter the picture became clear. It
shows that the fixed deposit is decreased only in the year 2009 and is
increased in rest year.
5.2 CONCLUSION
From the presentation and analysis of data relating to fixed deposit of Nabil a
clear picture emerges. The trend of general public to open fixed deposit
account with NABIL has been increasing in every years.
Therefore it shows that NABIL has a good and sound reputation among its
customers. The economy is going through recession these few years and
interest rate provided by all banks including NABIL to its deposit are
directly decreasing even that fixed deposit trend of NABIL doesnt seem to
be affected by this. It indicates that the customers have faith that their
deposit will be handled carefully by NABIL. The deposit isnt completely
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governed by returns on it only 23.3% of total deposit is one of the major
sources of funds for NABIL BANK LTD.
The analysis of data in previous chapter shows gradually increasing trend of
total deposit in passes of time, which is good sign of bank for its future. Fixed
deposit to total deposit ratio was increases gradually in year 2006, 2007 and
2008 then decreases in year 2009 which again increases in year 2010. From
previous chapter we know C.V. of Fixed deposit is higher than C.V. which
shows less uniformity of fixed deposit in comparision to total deposit. The
trend analysis of F.D is favorable.
From the data interpretations, fixed deposit facility of NABIL is doing
reasonably good and the return regarding it is also reasonable. The bank is
likely to increase its profit by increasing total deposit. From the deposit trend
of NABIL it shows that the customers are loyal to the bank. So, NABIL is
doing a good job regarding fixed deposit.
Maximum deposit isnt good economic policy for development of the country.
If deposits are invested in any kinds of productive sector, it moves the
country to economic development. Many people directly or indirectly
engaged on employment and it also increased the national productively. Inthis way we can say that Deposit is a kind of economic seeds for countries
but all deposits should not be seed for us. If all crops are used for seeds, we
will hungry when it doesnt give product. In 2010 Nabil bank invested 92.45
% of its fixed deposit. In average of 5 years it invested 136.79%of its fixed
deposit. That is why we can say that a suitable deposit is most important
equipment for the development of study deposit collection policy of every
kind of banking and financial institutions.
5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS
From the analysis done, it can be concluded that the bank was well
managed in the previous years. However, by learning from inefficiencies and
weakness, that the bank has managed to gain a position in the banking sector
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of the Nepal. Even though the bank is providing a handsome return today,
some recommendation might be helpful for the further enhancement of
profitability of the bank. So the bank may be suggested which can be pointed
as:
a) Since the liquidity ratios of the bank are fluctuating and not
satisfactory so the bank is suggested to keep the reasonable
amount of liquidity. The bank should maintain their short-term
solvency position.
b) Profitability position of NABIL Bank is comparatively better than the
other ratios. So I recommend the bank to use its resources for
generating more profit margins. If the resources are held idle, the
bank may face high costs and causes the low profit margin.
c) The investment to total deposit ratio of this bank is poor which
shows that the bank is utilizing its resources at a low level. So I
recommend the bank to increase its investment in productive
areas.
d) NABIL Bank should extend its contacts with different institutions to
increase its business transactions.
e) Reports of NABIL Bank show that it is not involved in social activitiesto much. Therefore, I suggest that NABIL Bank should involve itself
or contribute for such social programs to maintain favorable public
image.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
1. Amrit Kmar Maharjan , Report writing 2005
2. Annual Bulletin of Nepal Rastra Bank.
3. Website of Nabil Bank Ltd.4. Bajracharya, B.C. Business Statistics and Mathematics, (2058) 1st
edition, M.L. Publishers & Distributors, Kathmandu.
5. Bhandari, Dilli Raj, Principle and Practice of Banking and Insurance,
(2056) 1st edition, Asia Publication, Bagbazar, Kathmandu.
6. Eighteenth Annual Report Of Nabil Bank
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7. Oxford Dictionary Sixth Edition.
8. Vaidya, Shakespeare, Banking and Insurance Management, (1992) 2nd
Edition, Monitor Nepal.
9. Western J.Fred and Brigham E.F., Essentials of Managerial Finance,
9the Edition.
10.Smith, Keith V. (1973). State of the Art of Working Capital
Management, Financial Management New York.
11. Annual and Internal Report of Nabil Bank
Websites:
Nabil Bank : http://www.nabilbank.com
Banking history of Nepal : http://www.flixya.com
http://www.nabilbank.com/http://www.nabilbank.com/