GAMBIR (Uncaria gambir)Veronica Dian S (12.70.0018) Angela Irena (12.70.0034) William Wibowo (12.70.0052) Lorentia Santoso (12.70.0078) Shella Novia (12.70.0096) Ivana Aprilia P (12.70.0145) Buddy Kristianto (12.70.00175)

Classification Kingdom : PlantaeDivision : AngiospermsSub Division : Eudicots Class : AsteridsOrdo : GentianalesFamily : RubiaceaeGenus : UncariaSpecies : Uncaria gambir

Uncaria gambir, a native plant of Indonesia and Malaysia is a member of family Rubiaceace and genus Uncaria. Leaves and young twigs of U. gambir can be extracted to produce gambir.

Averagely, 76% of gambir is catechin, a polyphenol compound with flavonoid structure. As consequence of its potential as anti oxidant and anti bacteria, catechin is most likely used as a raw material of pharmaceutical and cosmetic product. In Southeast Asia, gambir is often used as remedies for diarrhea and sore throat.

Chemical Compounds of Gambir

Catechin Catechu Tannat Acid anhydride PyrocatecholFlouresensi Gambir Quersetin Alkaloids in Uncaria 7 kinds, namely

dihydro gambirtaninna, gambirdina, gambirtanina, gambirina, isogambirina, auroparina, oksogambirtanin.

Application in food and beverage

PreservativeOpak

ReferencesZamarel dan E.A. Hadad. 1991. Budi Daya Tanaman

Gambir. Edisi Khusus Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat 7 (2) : 7-11.

Ghayur, M, N., Khan H., Gilani, A, H. (2007). Antispasmodic, Bronchodilatorand Vasodilator Activities of (+)-Catechin, a NaturallyOccurringFlavonoid. ArchPharmRes Vol 30, No 8, 970-975.

Hariana, Drs. H. Arief. (2006). Tumbuhan Obat dan Khasiatnya seri 3. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta: 86-87.

Apea-Bah, F. B. et al. 2009. Assessment of the DPPH and α-glucosidase Inhibitory Potential of Gambier and Qualitative Identification of Major Bioactive Compound. Journal of Medicinal Plants Research Vol. 3(10): 736-757.