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Technische Universität Berlin Straße des 17. Juni 135 ▪ 10623 Berlin ▪ Tel. +49-30-314-0

Module Catalogue For the Master Degree Programme in

Geodesy and Geoinformation Technology

Faculty VI

Department of Geodesy and Geoinformation Tech-

nology

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Imprint

Editor

Department for Geodesy and Geoinformation Technology

Dean: Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Thomas H. Kolbe

Administrator: Cand.-Ing. Jan Tischer

Address: Sekr. H12

Straße des 17. Juni 135

10623 Berlin

Phone: +49-30-314-23274

Fax: +49-30-314-21973

Email: [email protected]

Version: September 15th, 2008 (amendments and errors may occur)

The module catalogue completes the examination regulations and conditions of

study alternatively the study guide for the Master Degree Programme in Geodesy

and Geoinformation Technology.

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General Information The study course is modular, i.e. thematically connected courses are combined to one module. A module is passed, if the as-signed test achievements were passed successfully. The achieved credits of a module get assigned when the entire module is passed successfully. The credits are calculated on a basis of the average necessary study outlay for the successful completion of the module. The study outlay covers: Course attendance (based on of SWS) Preparation and post processing Task processing Production of presentations, journals, drafts, project results Test preparation A full time study consists of 45 weeks a year with 40 working hours each. That means a maximum of 1800 hours per academic year or 900 hours per term. One credit is equivalent to 30 hours studying therefore the student can get 30 credits per term al-ternatively 60 credits per academic year. The Masters Degree programme consists of modules leading to a total of at least 120 credits.

During the course, modules with a total value of 90 credits must be selected as follows: a) foundation modules with a value of 30 credits; b) Modules selected from one of the four specialised subjects with a value of 21 credits. The project seminar for this

specialised subject must be included, with a value of at least 6 credits; c) Modules with a value of 9 credits from the other specialised subjects; d) Modules with a value of 12 credits from the whole range of courses offered by the Technical University of Berlin or

by other universities, equivalent higher education institutions subject to the German Higher Education Framework Act or foreign higher education institutions and universities recognised to be equivalent. A Language Module is recommended.

The amount of work required for the Masters dissertation is equivalent to 30 credits. Work for the dissertation is carried out during the final semester. It is recommended to select the modules according to the course schedule.

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4th semester Masters dissertation (30 credits)

Optional section (12 credits) Specialised subjects (48 credits)

Out of the following thematic blocks, a major block (main specialisation) has to be chosen (21 CP). Within this major block, the project seminar with an amount of 6 CP has to be taken. From each remaining thematic block, modules with an amount of 9 CP have to be taken.

2nd/ 3rd se-

A B C D

mester Geo Space Engineering Computer Modules from the course catalogue of the Berlin University of Tech-nology or other Universities. The choice of a language module as well as courses from the special catalogue of interdisciplinary courses (FÜS) is

recommended.

Information Geodesy Surveying and Vision Technology and Estimation and Navigation Theory Remote Sensing Foundation section (30 credits)

Modules equivalent to 30 credits must be selected from the foundation section.

Geoinformation Technology module (6 credits) Adjustment Calculation I module (6 credits) 1st sem. Geo Database Systems module (6 credits) Geodetic Reference Systems and Satellite Geodesy module (6 credits) Geophysical Investigation in Geo Technologies (6 credits) CV1 module (Photogrammetric Computer Vision) (6 credits)

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Foundation section Geoinformation Technology Adjustment Calculation I Introduction to Satellite Geodesy Geo Databases Geophysical Investigation in Geo Technologies1 CV1 Photogrammetric Computer Vision Specialised subjects Geoinformation Technology GIS Collection of Geo Base Data GIS Administration GIS Analytical methods GIS Visualisation GIS Research GIS Selected Sections of Geoinformation Technology Project seminar Geoinformation Technology Space Geodesy and Navigation SGN Physical Geodesy SGN Space Geodetic Techniques in Earth System Research SGN Planetary Geodesy SGN Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) SGN Calculation of Satellite Orbits SGN Current and Future Methods of Navigation and Positioning SGN Data Communication and Signal Processing in Global Navigation Satellite Systems Theoretical Basics of Geophysical Investigations2 Inversion and Filter of applied Geophysics3 Geoscientific Aspects of Geodesy Planetary and Space Science Seminar Engineering Surveying and Estimation Theory IGA Adjustment Calculation II IGA Methods of Engineering Geodesy IGA Geodetic Sensors and 3D Measurement IGA Analysis of Deformation Processes IGA Transformation of Geodetic Networks Current Methods of Measurement Data Analysis in Geodesy Project seminar Engineering Surveying and Estimation Theory Computer Vision and Remote Sensing CV2 Digital Image Processing CV3 Automatic Image Analysis CV4 Optical Remote Sensing CV5 Microwave Remote Sensing Seminar CV6 Hot Topics in Computer Vision Project CV7 Hot Topics in Computer Vision Seminar CV8 Hot Topics in Image Analysis Project CV9 Hot Topics in Image Analysis

1 offered by the Department of Applied Geosciences (lecture will be held in German) 2 offered by the Department of Applied Geosciences (lecture will be held in German) 3 offered by the Department of Applied Geosciences (lecture will be held in German)

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Foundation Section Modules equivalent to 30 credits must be selected from the foundation section.

Geoinformation Technology

Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Prof. Kolbe Sekr. H12 [email protected]

Objectives: This module familiarises the students with all scientific methods to gather, to analyse, to link, to compress and visualise sagnificent geographic information for society relevant interests in high quality (accuracy and riliability) as well as up to date. The students control techniques and mathmatic models of geo base data entry and they are aible to classify and evaluate them. They can transfer geodesic models and methods to an informational technical context. The students can define data types, analysis methods and presentation tecniques from geographic information systems to non spatial information systems.

Content: Methods of geodetic modelling procedures

Classification and demarcation for the general data processing

Geo base data (geometry, topology, topic)

Classification and evaluation of different recording methods

Administration of several spatial reference systems in GIS

Module elements: IV Geoinformation Technology, 4 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Programming skills are desirable

Workload: Attendance 15 x 4 h = 60 h Homework, preparation and post processing: 15 x 8 h = 120 h

Examination: Study effort equivalent to the examination

Duration: 1 semester

Adjustment Calculation I

Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Prof. Gründig Sekr. H 20 [email protected]

Objectives: To have a good command of methods of parameter estimation result-ing from observations, statistic test procedures. and analytical proc-essing, and to be able to set up functional and stochastic models

Content: Binomial and normal distribution, confidence intervals, evaluation of the mathematical model via statistical tests, evaluation of measured normally distributed quantities, evaluation of distributions, theory of standard deviations, variance analysis, inner and outer reliability, pa-rametric linear adjustment, solving nonlinear adjustment problems,

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accuracy, reliability, stochastic processes, working on typical tasks with the help of the program library MatLab.

Module elements: IV statistical test procedures and adjustment calculation, 4 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Specialised knowledge of mathematics, particularly linear algebra is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Preparation and planning: 15 x 5 h = 75 h Examination preparation: 45 h

Examination: Written examination

Duration: 1 Semester

Introduction to Satellite Geodesy

Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Dr. Oberst Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: Fundamentals in space and planetary geodesy. Basic concepts of satel-lite geodesy. Understanding of the inertial and various global and local reference and coordinate systems in Earth and planetary science.

Content: Definition of stellar/inertial, global/geographic, and local reference sys-tems, transformations between the systems. Basics of solid earth physics, the mechanics of earth rotation: precession, nutation, and their kinematic description. Time definition and time measurement: Atomic time, UT and UTC, sidereal time and sun time. Basic concepts in astronomy and space travel, introduction to the solar system and planets. Fundamentals of satellite orbits and geodesy, structure of modern geodetic reference stations (e.g. Wettzell). GPS-supported procedures of point determination. Realisation of the reference sys-tems for surveying, European and world-wide reference systems for land surveying.

Module elements: IV geodetic reference systems, 4 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Specialised knowledge of maths and physics as well as computer liter-acy is desirable.

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Homework, preparation and post processing: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Examination preparation: 30 h

Examination: Oral examination


Geo Data Bases

Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Prof. Kolbe Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

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Objectives: As basis for the processing of data base applications for geo data ma-nagements, for the administration of data bases as well as for the classification and the evaluation of existing data base products, knowl-edge of the structure of data base systems shall be acquired and prac-tical experiences in data base application development shall be col-lected.

Content: Imparting knowledge for the setting up of data base systems for the geo data management as well as imparting knowledge of the applica-tion development:

Characteristics of actual data

Architecture of data bases

Data base design

Relational data modelling

Entity relationship modelling

Client server concepts

ODBC, main features of geo DBMS, spatial data models in DBMS

SQL and Spatial SQL

Open GIS and distributed geo information systems

Geo data infrastructures

Models and interfaces, interoperability

Project development

Module elements: VL+UE Geo databases, 4 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: computer literacy is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Preparation and post processing: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Examination preparation: 60 h



Geophysical Investigations and Geoinformation Technologies (offered by the Department of Applied Geosciences (lecture will be held in German))

Brief description: Geophysics I - Geotech

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Prof. Yaramanci Sekr. ACK 2 [email protected]

Objectives: To have the ability to analyse geo technological problems alternatively projects regarding the application of geophysical investigation and monitoring methods; the ability to select, combine and evaluate the methods, to the correct handling of results of the used methods and transformation of the results to geo technological statements.

Content: Analysis of geo technological tasks (integrated geo technology)

Geophysical investigation methods

Rock-physical basics

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Criteria for the selection, combination and optimisation of the geo-physical methods

Case examples (for applications in investigation for oil, natural gas, ore, groundwater, building ground, subsurface investigation, geo tech-nique etc)

Module elements: VL+UE geophysical investigation methods, 1+1 SWS, WiSe VL+UE geophysical investigations in practice, 1+1 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: extensive mathematical, physical and chemical basics are desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Homework: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Preparation and post processing: 30 h Examination preparation: 30 h



CV1 Photogrammetric Computer Vision

Brief description: CV1

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Prof. Hellwich Sekr. FR 3-1 [email protected]

Objectives: The mathematic-physical modelling of a sensor is treated using the photographic camera as example. The modelling is completely expressed by algebraic projective geometry. Not only studying object reconstruction using image data of a multifaceted sensor, but and first of all the complete modelling of technically relevant issues in a homogeneous mathematical framework is important in this course. This framework is also used for 3D-computer graphics. The course is principally designed to impart technical skills 30 % method skills 50 % system skills 10 % social skills 10 %

The mathematical basics are conveyed in the context of a lecture. What has been learned is applied in parallel held lab exercises.

Content: Geometric basics of sensor orientation and object reconstruction: ho-mogeneous coordinates, projectivity and perspective, modelling of im-age formation, inner and outer orientation, orientation of uncalibrated and calibrated cameras, spatial resection, least-squares adjustment, orientation of the image pair, relative and absolute orientation, spatial triangulation, multi-view geometry, bundle block adjustment, image digitalisation, radiometric basics.

Module elements: Photogrammetric Computer Vision VL, 4 SWS, WiSe Photogrammetric Computer Vision UE, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: None

Workload: Contact times: 90 h Private study: 150 h



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Specialised Subjects Out of the following thematic blocks, a major block (main specialisation) has to be chosen (21 CP). Within this major block, the project seminar with an amount of 6 CP has to be taken. From each remaining thematic block, modules with an amount of 9 CP have to be taken.

Geoinformation Technology

GIS Collection of Geo Base Data

Brief description:

Credits: 9


Objectives: The students can control the important methods and fundamental basic concepts for situation moderate and height moderate collection of geo base data. They have the ability to do geometrical-physical measurements independently and other data collection as well as the ability to interprete results independently and in a group. The students can judge the quality of geo base data with methods of the mathematical statistics. They control techniques of the combination of hybrid data and they can model redundant heterogeneous observations functionally and stochastically and prepare them for the subsequent treatment in a geo information system.

Content: Measuring systems and methods

Primary data entry (terrestrial photograph procedures, GPS, photo-grammetry, laser scanning, remote sensing)

Secondary data entry (digitisation of existing maps and plans)

Differences, similarities and combination of measuring procedures

Data quality and costs

Standards

Integration of redundant geo data

Possibilities of parameterisation of geometry information

Modelling of the stochastic characteristics of geometry data

Compensating algorithms for the generation of clear geometry pa-rameters

Integration of redundant heterogeneous observation data

Procedures for the fusion, reduction and consistent combination of complex heterogeneous geo information

Module elements: IV measuring systems and methods, 3 SWS, SoSe IV integration of redundant geo data, 3 SWS, WiSe

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Entry requirements: The modules adjustment calculation I, geoinformation technology, geodetic reference systems and satellite geodesy or previous knowl-edge are mandatory; extensive knowledge of maths and computing is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 6 h = 90 h

Preparation and post processing: 15 x 12 h = 180 h


Duration: 2 Semesters

GIS Administration

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: In this module the students learn how to handle spatial data bases and control the transition from a concept to a logical conversion. They are able to describe spatial quiries on a large geo data volume. The mathematical concepts can be classified and evaluated. The students know concepts of distributed architectures and they can convert Internet based GIS projects technically. They are familiar with the "open" interfaces and systems of the GIS world.

Content: Geo data bases management

- characteristics of actual data - support of the spatial reference - object-oriented data bases (OODB) - object-relational data bases (ORDB) - Spatial data base management systems (SDBMS) - Client server concepts - fundamentals of geo data base management systems

Structure and operation of distributed geo data infrastructures

- Open GIS and distributed architectures

- Open GIS: Concepts, models and interfaces

- Interoperability

- conception of strategic geo information projects

- geo data infrastructures

- meta data, data catalogues, data warehouse, repositories

Module elements: IV geo data base management, 2 SWS, SoSe IV Structure and operation of distributed geo data infrastructures, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The modules Adjustment calculation I, geo information technology or previous knowledge is mandatory; the module geodetic reference sys-tems is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Preparation and post processing: 15 x 8 h = 120 h

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Duration: 2 semesters

GIS Analytical methods

Brief description:

Credits: 9


Objectives: The students know mathematical and information-technical concepts of spatial analytical methods. They have knowledge of the prediction and simulation of conditions (e.g. danger situations), which can be derived from geo data. The students can model the theoretical beginnings object-oriented and implement them in a modern programming language.

Content: Geo statistics - statistics vs. geo statistics - terms of the geo statistics - probabilistic beginnings for the modelling of thematic, topological

and geometrical reliability measurements - spatial dispersion measurements, quality models - geo statistic estimation processes - methods of the quality management - search strategies, geo statistic simulation

Conception and implementation of spatial analysis methods

- methods of the object-oriented modelling of data and algorithms

- memory, searching and selecting of geo data

- blending, modelling of fuzziness

- classification

Module elements: IV geo statistics, 2 SWS, SoSe IV Conception and implementation of spatial analysis methods, 4 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The modules adjustment calculation I, geo information technology or previous knowledge is mandatory; knowledge of geodetic reference systems and controlling an object-oriented programming language is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 5 h = 75 h Homework, preparation and post processing: 15 x 13 h = 195 h



GIS Visualisation

Brief description:

Credits: 9

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Objectives: The students control important methods for the cartographic presentation and visualisation of spatial data. They can handle techniques of multimedia and web cartography and they are able to use that for suitable conversion of GIS relevant topics to digital maps.

Content: Visualisation techniques of spatial data - spatial information transfer with plans and maps - elements of the cartographic presentation - topographic /thematic cartography - methods of digital cartography - data reduction, generalisation - structure of cartographic data records for the production of digital

maps - media suitable map display - digital layout - map output

Web cartography

- concepts and techniques

- protocols and standards

- static and interactive maps

- 2D- and 3D-presentation

- production of web maps with current methods and tools

Module elements: IV visualisation techniques, 3 SWS, SoSe IV web cartography, 3 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Java-skills desirable




GIS Research

Brief description:

Credits: 3


Objectives: The students get a view of current research work. Through the integration in current research projects the students are able to classify already learned skills in a research context. The seminar is there to motivate the students for the development of own research work for the master dissertation.

Content: The main task is the current research relevant working fields. Possible contents refer to methodical developments in the context with mobile clients, to the integration of CAD/GIS alternatively to the conversion of international standardisation defaults.

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Module elements: IV GIS – current and future research fields, 2 SWS, SoSe

Entry requirements: The modules geo information technology, geo data bases or previous knowledge are mandatory, knowledge of object-oriented programming is desirable




GIS Selected Sections of Geoinformation Technology

Brief description:

Credits: 3

Person in charge: PD Dr. Scheu Sekr. NN [email protected]

Objectives: The students get a view of current operational areas of geographical information systems (e.g. local GIS). The excursions support further work on non-university projects.

Content: Network information systems (ÖPNV, raw material companies and en-ergy supply companies)

Current GIS projects in offices for land surveying or local authorities

Homogenisation of large geo data stocks

Business models of GIS companies

Module elements: IV selected sections of geoinformation technology, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module geo information technology or previous knowledge is mandatory; knowledge of geodetic reference systems and data base knowledge is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Homework, preparation and post processing: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Excursion: 30 h



Project seminar Geoinformation Technology

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: This module qualifies to scientific functioning and it delivers social competence (teamwork). The students are confronted with the full complexity of a current research task from GIS. Therefore the students get a view of which questions particularly in the software development

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area and in the project planning as well as project conversion to the GIS context are up to date. And which thereby arising problems give reason to methodical research activities at present. At the seminar the students work out the problems and at the project they work out the theme complexity together in small groups. At the same time this module introduces the stundents to current scientific questions, which can lead to high qualified master dissertations.

Content: The contents of the module depend on the current research at the de-partment for geodesy and geo information technology and can be one of the following.

Software developments of GIS: The students are confronted with a task of software development with a GIS problem and therefore they learn team-orientated development strategies. The learned theoretical concepts are looked at from the "developing perspective" and realised by sharing the work. Thus the students get an overview of data modelling, interface definition, com-ponent-based software development and test strategies. Besides they learn to handle SDBMS and GIS servers. Content wise arrangement: - User friendly GIS systems - Programming of application modules - Data base draft - Interface adaptation - Internet applications

Project planning and realisation:

The students are confronted with a task of project planning and pro-ject realisation to the GIS context. They learn to use open source and commercial GIS software packages. The students learn necessary ad-ministrative skills to realise a GIS-architecture for a company as a pro-ject leader (e.g. local authorities, utilities and disposal companies, VPNV). Content wise arrangement:

- Project planning, project targets, project dates, project phases

- Cost and benefit analysis

- Technical realisation

- Monitoring of dates and tracking of targets

- Quality management

Module elements: SE GIS seminar, 2 SWS, SoSe PJ GIS project, 2SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module geo information technology or previous knowledge is mandatory, programming skills are desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Preparation and post processing: 15 x 6 h = 90 h Project processing: 30 h



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Space Geodesy and Navigation

SGN Physical Geodesy

Brief description:

Credits: 3

Person in charge: Prof. Rothacher Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: After this module the students know the scientific methods and the mathematical and as well the physical evaluation concepts which are used on one hand to describe the density and gravity field of the earth including the atmosphere mathematically, on the other hand to deter-mine it. The causes are to be considered which lead to anomalies of the density field of the earth, which are again the cause for the anomalies of the earth's gravitational field.

Content: Coming from the density field of the earth the fundamental integral formulas (body, surface and line integrals) of the potential theory are derived. The definition of the gravitation potential using spherical func-tions is the basis for a mathematical description. After explaining the geodetic normal potential and disturbance potential with its gradients (normal weight and weight disturbance vector) the geodetic boundary value tasks for the ball can be solved. The theory of the Hilbert spaces with reproducing core (generalised splines) forms the basis for an effi-cient regional approximation of the disturbance potential using point and line singularities, which are needed in particular for the adequate linkage of terrestrial measuring data with satellite measuring data. The basic concepts of the evaluation of airborne gravimetry measurements form the conclusion of the potential-theoretical concept procedures.

On the interdisciplinary area the determination of the density field of the earth methods for the development of a hydrostatic ellipsoidal ref-erence model including seismic speeds and the frequencies of the natural oscillations are priority. Based on an isostatic adjustment (swimming equilibrium) of the firm crust the medium frequented anomalies of the weight potential at the surface of earth can be ex-plained by anomalies of density; that is supplemented by present con-cepts for the explanation of the long frequented anomalies. Methods of still remaining small frequented anomalies of gravity explained through anomalies of density in the crust help the geophysical prospecting.

Module elements: IV physical geodesy, 2 SWS, SoSe

Entry requirements: Extensive knowledge of maths, physics and computing is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Homework: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Examination preparation: 30 h



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SGN Space Geodetic Techniques in Earth System Research

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: After this module the students are familiar with the most important observation methods in space geodesy and how the data is analysed. They know the strengths and weaknesses of the individual techniques, how they contribute to measure the three pillars of geodcesy (Earth shape, Earth rotation and Earth gravity field) and what type of phenomena and processes in the Earth system they can observe and monitor. They understand that only the integrated analysis of a variety of complementary sensors allows the separation of different processes of global change in the Earth system.

Content: Measurement principles of the most important space- and ground-based geodetic observation techniques, namely Very Long Baseline In-terferometry (VLBI), Satellite and Lunar Laser Ranging (SLR/LLR), Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS, including GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, …), Doppler Orbitography and Radiopositioning Integrated by Satellite (DORIS), ocean and ice altimetry, InSAR and gravity field satellite missions and innovative future concepts. The application of these techniques to determine the three pillars of space geodesy: the Earth’s geometry and deformation (incuding sea surfaces), the Earth orientation and rotation, and the Earth gravity field and its temporal variations (mass transport). Methods to solve huge parameter estima-tion problems and for time series analyses are explained and applied.

Estimation/monitoring of station motion and surface deformation. Models of the processes deforming the Earth’s surface like plate tec-tonics, post-glacial rebound, solid Earth tides, surface loads (ocean, atmosphere, ice, …). Importance of deformation measurements for natural hazards and early warning systems (deformation by earth-quakes, GNSS seismology, land slides, sea level change, volcano monitoring, subsidence).

Methods to determine the global gravity field of the Earth and its tem-poral variability including satellite to satellite tracking (SST; high-low, low-low), satellite gravity gradiometry (SGG) and altimetry. Orbit de-termination methods. Static gravity field as reference surface (geoid) and information about the structures and processes in the Earth’s inte-rior; the temporal variations to monitor mass transport phenomena (global hydrology, sea level change, melting of ice sheets, post-glacial rebound, …).

Geodetic and geophysical models of Earth orientation and rotation in-cluding effets of Sun, Moon and planets, and of the different compo-nents of the Earth system like ocean, atmosphere, hydrosphere, …). Comparisons with observed Earth orientation parameter series.

GNSS remote sensing comprising atmospheric sounding from ground and space (radio occultations), determination of water vapour in the troposphere and the electron density in the ionosphere. and GNSS re-flectometry and scatterometry. Importance for meteorology, weather forcasts and climatology.

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Module elements: IV geodetic space procedures in the earth system research, 4 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module SGN physical geodesy or previous knowledge is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of maths, physics and computing is desir-able


Preparation and post processing: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Homework: 15 x 3 h = 45 h Examination preparation: 45 h



SGN Planetary Geodesy

Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Dr. Oberst Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: The goal of this module is to familiarize the students with the architec-ture of the Solar System and with tasks, methods, and results of planetary research, with a strong focus on planetary geodesy. The stu-dents are to obtain insights in the formation, evolution and current state of the planets, asteroids, and comets from the geodesy point of view, and they are to understand interrelationships between these dif-ferent Solar System objects. Much emphasis will be placed on studies of terrestrial planets (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Moon) and comparisons with Earth.

Content: Geodetic methods in planetary research:

This course will discuss the various methods that are being used to de-termine orbit, size, shape, and rotation of planetary bodies and to map their surface topography and gravity fields. We shall discuss in some depth the basic tools used in planetary geodesy such as cameras, laser altimeters, and radar. One focus is on photogrammetric procedures for construction of topographic models from stereo data; another is on the refinement of surface models by bundle block adjustments and photo-metric analysis (shape from shading). We shall discuss methods for analysis of data obtained from orbit or from the ground using cameras on landed spacecraft or on rovers roaming the surface. We shall also deal with the development and use of planetary information systems and the use of visualisation techniques.

Selected topics in planetary science:

This course will deal with ongoing and planned planetary missions, as well as the developing knowledge of origin, evolution, and current state of individual planetary bodies (planets, moons, asteroids, com-ets). We shall discuss science objectives and the design issues of fu-

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ture planetary missions, such as those upcoming for the Moon (e.g. SELENE or Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter) and the surface of Mars (ExoMars), and we will closely follow and discuss recent achievements of ongoing space missions (e.g. Mars Express, Cassini, Rosetta). While we shall focus on results in the context of planetary geodesy, the course work may include other selected topics from planetary geophys-ics and geology. Emphasis will be placed on the understanding of cur-rent publications in planetary science and in the development of (Eng-lish) presentation and writing skills.

Module elements: IV geodetic methods in planetary research, 2 SWS, SoSe IV selected topics in planetary science, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Module SGN Physical Geodesy or equivalent (mandatory), good know-ledge in mathematics and physics are desireable


Preparation and post processing: 15 x 1 h = 15 h Homework: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Examination preparation: 45 h



SGN Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS)

Brief description:

Credits: 9


Objectives: After this module the students have a detailled knowledge of the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) that are operational today and planned for the future: The mathematical and scientific strategies for positioning and navigation and the effects important for the error budget in navigation and positioning solutions are understood and can be applied to new situations.

Content: Motivation: why Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS: GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO, BEIDOU, etc.)? ; the space– and ground-based components of GNSS; signal structures of the GNSS and the differ-ences between them; time and reference systems for GNSS and their realizations; principles of code and phase measurements; observation equations for phase and code and the basic algortihms for naviga-tion/positioning; differencing and linear combinations; satellite orbits and their representation; impact of atmospheric refraction (ionosphere and troposphere); site-specific effects (antenna phase center varia-tions, multipath, …); positioning and navigation methods and ap-proaches (PPP, differential positioning, kinematic/static, …); preproc-essing algorithms; ambiguity resolution methods; reference networks and positioning serivces (augmentation systems, SAPOS, …).

Module elements: IV mathematical geodesy, 2 SWS, SoSe

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VL + UE Methodology of the positioning and navigation with GNSS, 2+2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Extensive knowledge of maths, physics and computing is desirable




SGN Calculation of Satellite Orbits

Brief description:

Credits: 3

Person in charge: Dr. Mai Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: The goal of this module is to familiarize the students with the basic concepts of celestial mechanics and how to apply these to calculate satellite orbits. Integration methods for the computation of satellite orbits provide the basis for the evaluation of time series of highly exact measuring data, in the time domain as well as in the spectral domain, for the positioning as well as for the collection of the geodynamic changes of the earth's surface.

Content: Fundamentals of celestial mechanics (Kepler's laws, Newton's laws, Hamilton's formulation, Lie series). 1-body problem. Conic Sections. 2-body problem, (restricted) 3-body and n-body problem. Kepler's equation. Orbital elements and transformations. Ground tracks. Per-turbing forces (conservative and dissipative) and its modelling. Pertur-bation techniques (special/Cowell,Encke and general/Gauß, Lagrange). Integrating equations of motion (numerical, analytical). Specialized mission orbits (sun-synchronous, repeated-groundtrack, frozen). Or-bital maneuvers (transfers, rendezvous, relative motion).

Module elements: IV Calculation of Satellite Orbits, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module SGN physical geodesy or previous knowledge is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of maths, physics (particularly mechanics) and computing is desirable




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SGN Current and Future Methods of Navigation and Positioning Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: R. Galas Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: After this module the students control scientific methods of different navigation and positioning systems, e.g. inertial navigation systems, satellite navigation systems, navigation with radio waves. The students learn from current examples of research and industry the applications and potential of precision of different sensor types. Current fields of research and future developments of navigation and positioning are pointed out

Content: 1. Optical celestial navigation. Celestial sphere. Basic formulas of spherical trigonometry. Terrestrial latitude and longitude. Celestial co-ordinate systems: right ascension system, hour angle system, ecliptic system, horizon system. Sideral and solar time. Conversion between time scales. Navigation triangle. Transformation of coordinates. De-termination of geographical latitude and time.

2. Satellite based navigation techniques. General methodology of navigation with radio waves. Principles of satellite based positioning. Pseudo-random codes and their measurements. Generation of the GPS signals. Navigation messages. Almanac and Ephemeris. Measurements of the code phase. Carrier phase measurements. Signal processing in GPS receivers. Recovering techniques of the code and carrier. GPS bi-ases and error sources: biases and error sources in navigation satel-lites, signal propagation errors, Receiver dependent biases and errors. Data processing errors. Simplified range model. Differenced observa-tions: single-, double- and triple differences. Constrain of simultaneity. Influence of non-synchronous clocks. Non-linear observation equa-tions:code phase measurements, carrier beat phase. Range formula-tion of the carrier beat phase model. Linear combination of observa-tions. GPS data preprocessing: data decoding and conversion, detec-tion of outliers in code- and carrier phases, detection and correction of the receiver clocks resets and correction, detection and correction for cycle slips. Data quality monitoring. Main segments of the GPS. Inter-national GNSS service (IGS). GPS wide area augmentation systems.

GNSS single point positioning. Linear observational model for the code phase (pseudo-ranges) observations. Single point positioning with the broadcast ephemeris. Phase connected point positioning. Dilu-tion of precision parameters. Precise single point positioning. Numeri-cal examples and expected accuracies. Relative positioning and carrier phase ambiguity fixing. Relative positioning with code phase measurements. Numerical example. Relative positioning with carrier phase measurements in static mode. Influence of the orbit er-rors on the accuracy of baselines. Carrier phase ambiguity fixing. The-ory and various approaches for differential GNSS. DGPS services.

Post Processing Kinematic (PPK)- and Real Time Kinematic (RTK) tech-niques for navigation and positioning, and their applications.

Positioning in GNSS networks. Fixing GPS ambiguities in large net-works.

Other satellite based navigation systems. European navigation system GALILEO, GLONASS. DORIS. PRARE.

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3. Inertial navigation. Sensor types (accelerometers, gyroscopes) and observables. Navigation equations.

4. Integrated navigation. Basics of Kalman filter. Sensor fusion. Example multi-sensor systems (Integrated GPS/INS, ocean buoys equipped with GPS, etc.). Multi-sensor systems for machine guidance and control.

5. Radio astrometry methods of navigation. Connected interfer-ometry. Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI). Differential VLBI to planetary approach navigation.

Module elements: IV selected sections of navigation and positioning, 4 SWS, SoSe Least-squares adjustment examples.

PJ Planetary and Space Science Seminar, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Modules from the specialised subject space geodesy and navigation are desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 4 h = 60 h Preparation and post processing: 15 x 8 h = 120 h Examination preparation: 60 h Examination: Oral examination


SGN Data Communication and Signal Processing in GNSS GNSS Signal Processing and Real Time Positioning ???

Brief description:

Credits: 3

Person in charge: R. Galas Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: After this module the students control scientific methods of data communication and signal evaluation in global navigation satellite systems. Current fields of research and future developments of data communication and evaluation of GNSS data are pointed out.

Content: Navigation Signals in Space (SIS). Electromagnetic wave propaga-tion. Signal structures of GNSS (GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO). Atmos-pheric and environmental influences on propagation of radio waves. Generation of navigation signals. Representation of bandpass signals. Group and phase delay. Digital data transmission. Modulation tech-niques. Spread-spectrum communication. Modem facilities. Mulitplex-ing. Pseudolites.

Digital data communication. Requirements. Twisted/coaxial cables. Optical fibres. Radio transmission and packet radio. Public telephone network and GSM. Satellite communication technologies: Inmarsat services (for example Inmarsat A, B, BGAN), VSAT systems. Public Internet. Data transmission bandwidth of the above data links and protocols. Synchronous and asynchronous transmission. Serial inter-faces. Communication networks. Ad-hock sensor networks.

Signal structures. Two- and one way ranging. Pulse and continuous wave ranging. Definitions. GPS signal structures. Code generation techniques. Space vehicle identification. Carrier generation. Signal structures of other global navigation systems (GALILEO, modernised

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GPS). Messages and data formats. GNSS transmitted signals. Doppler effect on SIS. Protocols. Example simulations of GNSS signals. Pri-mary GNSS measurements.

GNSS antennas. Basics. Antenna types. Phase centre and calibration of GNSS antennas. Amplifiers and A/D converters. Front ends.

GNSS- and software defined GNSS receivers. Real time operating systems. Field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). Generic GPS re-ceiver. Frequency standards and clocks. Serial and parallel search ac-quisition approaches. Code- and carrier tracking techniques (demodu-lation, carrier- and code tracking loops. Extraction and decoding of the navigation data. Calculation of the space vehicle coordinates. Descrip-tion of an open source software- and hardware architecture.

Relative real time positioning. System components. Communica-tion between processing units and sensors (real time data loggers, se-rial interfaces, protocols, binary data streams). Generation of GNSS differential corrections. Real time dissemination of observations, cor-rections and orbits. Numerical algorithms. advanced ambiguity fixing strategies. Constrained solutions. Virtual reference stations approach. Network RTK. Practical examples.

Module elements: IV GNSS Signal Processing and Real Time Positioning, 2 SWS, WiSe

PJ Planetary and Space Science Seminar, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module current and future methods of navigation and positioning is mandatory; extensive knowledge of maths, physics and computing is desirable.

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Preparation and post processing: 15 x 5 h = 75 h Examination preparation: 60 h Examination: Oral examination


Theoretical Basics of Geophysical Investigations (offered by the Department of Applied Geosciences (lecture will be held in German))

Brief description: Geophysics II

Credits: 3 - 12 (Any of the associated courses may be selected)


Objectives: Understanding of theoretical basics of geophysical methods; The ability to evaluate possibilities and limits of methods due to the theory; The ability to utilise potencials and advanced methods.

Content: Mathematical methods of geophysics; Theory of the seismology; The-ory of the geo electronics and electro magnetic energy; Theory of gra-vimetry, magnetic and geothermal power

Module elements: VL+UE mathematical methods of geophysics 1+1 SWS, SoSe VL+UE theory of seismics, 1+1 SWS, SoSe VL+UE theory of geo electricity and electro-magnetic, 1+1 SWS, SoSe VL+UE theory of gravimetry, magnatic and geothermal power, 1+1 SWS, SoSe

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Entry requirements: The module, geo physical investigations of geo technologies is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of mathematical and physical basics is de-sirable.

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Homework: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Preparation and post processing: 15 h Examination preparation: 15 h

(Workload relates to the specific course)



Inversion and Filter of applied Geophysics (offered by the Department of Applied Geosciences (lecture will be held in German))

Brief description: Geophysics III

Credits: 3 alternatively 6 (Any of the associated courses may be selected)


Objectives: To have the ability to advanced development, analysis and inversion of geophysical measuring data, to physical modelling and conversion to computing codes

Content: Data processing and filter - Spectrographic analysis

- Digital data in geophysics

- Filters and linear systems

- Data models and ideal filter

Inversion in geophysics

- Physical and numeric modelling

- Basics and procedures of the inversion

- Numerics for inversion

- Quality of the inversion

Module elements: VL+UE Data processing and filter in geophysiks, 1+1 SWS, WiSe VL+UE Inversion and modelling in geophysics, 1+1 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module, geophysical investigations in geo technologies is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of mathematical and physical basics as well as programming skills are desirable.

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Hausarbeit: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Vor- und Nachbearbeitung: 15 h Examination preparation: 15 h

(Workload relates to the specific course)



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Geoscientific Aspects of Geodesy

Brief description:

Credits: 3

Person in charge: PD Dr.-Ing. J. Klotz Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: The participants will learn the basics of current geoscientific research with special emphasis on geodetic methods.

Content: Basics of geodynamic:

plate tectonics, deformation zones of the Earth, geological and geo-physical methods

Geodetic deformation measurement:

Overview, challenges, methods, current projects

GPS networks for geodynamic investigation:

Reconnaissance, network setup, monumentation, observations, Defini-tion of geodetic reference systems

Interpretation of observed deformation:

short-term deformation, Earthquake processes, models, seismic risk

long-term deformation, mountain building processes, models, estima-tion of rheological parameters,

Module elements: VL geoscientific aspects of geodesy, 2 SWS, SoSe

Entry requirements: The allocation of other modules from specialised subject space geod-esy and navigation is desirable




Planetary and Space Science Seminar

Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Dr. Oberst Sekr. H 12

[email protected]

Objectives: This module enables the students to carry out scientific research, and it supports the social work competence within a team. The students are confronted with the full complexity of current research issues in the wider context of "space geodesy and navigation" and will receive an overview of current research projects as well as currently used geodet-ic methods in Earth system- and planetary research by the internation-

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al science community. Here, an important goal is to familiarize the stu-dents with current literature and publications in planetary and space geodesy. This module encourages students to identify small and con-fined research projects and carry out structured work under tight sche-dule – which shall lead to highly qualified master thesis work later in the curriculum.

Content: The students will focus on specific problems from current research at

the department for geodesy and geoinformation technology and will work independently or in small groups. Written reports shall be deli-vered and oral presentations to the entire group shall be made. Also, during the semester, guest lecturers will be invited to contribute with presentations from the various fields of space geodesy and navigation and from topics beyond.

The content of the module comes from basically three different areas:

1. Planetary science: Data from ESA’s Mars Express mission has given planetary scientists new insights into the history and current state of the Red Planet. Other spacecraft on their way or to be launched in the near future include Rosetta and DAWN (which will be visiting comets and asteroids), MESSENGER and BepiColombo (which will explore Mer-cury) and several orbiter missions to the Moon. The seminar will intro-duce students to the status of ongoing missions and hot topics in pla-netary science and exploration. Concepts for the acquisition and evalu-ation of sensor data will be discussed as well as methods for modelling of spacecraft or planetary satellite motion. Possible other seminar con-tributions from a wide range of topics include the current search for extra-solar Earth-like planets, the exploration and hability of our Moon and other planets, the risk and environmental consequences of astero-id impacts on Earth, as well as the role of space travel for society and future generations. 2. Navigation and locating: At present the focus is on the announced modifications of the American GPS system as well as the European na-vigation system GALILEO which is in preparation. Procedures of pre-cision navigation for engineering tasks (automated construction ma-chines, city and land surveying for geo information purposes, naviga-tion of measuring airplanes) are world-wide in development. At pre-sent a current development is the combination of highly exact gyro-scope systems (laser gyroscope, helium gyroscope) with Akzelerome-tern to inertial navigation systems and their linkage with satellite navi-gation systems. Furthermore current developments are discussed on the area of vehicle navigation and the "location based services". 3. Earth system research: At present the focus of Earth system re-search is on the gravity field missions GRACE and GOCE, as well as on altimeter missions, such as Envisat, Ice Sat, and others, which collect information on the condition of the physical system earth and the at-mosphere. However, topics of the seminar may also include unusual science issues of great social significance, such as ocean monitoring for Tsunami detection, studies of global warming and pollution, as well as traffic surveillance and observations for military security. Unusual science issues may require alternative sensor systems and measure-ment techniques, some of which are in fact currently under discussion or development. The students will obtain an overview of the present science objectives and methods used in Earth system research by

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space agencies and science communities worldwide which constitutes a basis for successful master work.

Module elements: SE Planetary and Space Science Seminar, 2 SWS, SoSe PJ Planetary and Space Science Seminar, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module SGN physical geodesy or previous knowledge is manda-tory; other modules from the specialised subject space geodesy and navigation are desirable.




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Engineering Surveying and Estimation Theory

IGA Adjustment Calcualtion II

Brief description:

Credits: 9

Person in charge: Prof. Gründig Sekr. H 20 grü[email protected]

Objectives: After this module the students have a good command of the methods of the multivariate measuring data analysis for the evaluation of large data sets also with respect to the search for and treatment of incorrect observations. In addition the students manage the assessment of quality of measuring data including time series analysis and filtering techniques.

Content: Selected sections of adjustment calculation:

Analysis and optimisation of large geodetic networks, datum problems, treatment of singular adjustment models (e.g. processing of singular cofactor matrices), variance component estimation, combined adjust-ment of GPS and terrestrial measurement data, system reduction by preelimination of parameters, determination of approximate coordi-nates, transformations and proximity smoothening of adjusted data, methods of storage and processing of large sparse matrices, maximum likelihood estimation, theoretical basics of alternative estimation pro-cedures (LP norm estimates, M-norm estimates, LMS estimates), ap-plications of alternative estimation procedures, numeric solution for al-ternative estimation procedures, technologies for nonlinear parameter estimation, theory of time series analysis and filtering, treatment of selected tasks with the help of the program library MatLab

Statistic test procedures and analysis of stochastic processes:

Hypothesis tests, assessment of quality, Kalman filtering, regression and collocation, Bayes statistics, treatment of selected tasks with the help of the program library MatLab

Module elements: VL+UE selected sections of the adjustment calculation, 2+2 SWS, SoSe IV statistic test procedures and analysis of stochastic processes, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module adjustment calculation I or previous knowledge is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of maths, particularly linear algebra is de-sirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 6 h = 90 h Preparation and post processing: 15 x 7 h = 105 h Projekct processing: 15 x 5 h = 75 h



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IGA Methods of Engineering Geodesy

Brief description:

Credits: 9


Objectives: The students possess extensive scientific knowledge of the technology of engineering geodesy, in particular the technology of the properties and the applications of innovative sensor systems including the analysis and processing of relevant information.

Content: Methods of engineering geodesy and industrial measuring techniques: Application and use of geodetic and non-geodetic sensor systems, ex-tended parameter estimation, network optimisations, generalised es-timation theories, S-transformation, prediction, collocation, principles of the application and analysis of series of continuous measurements, application of time series analysis and filtering, application of concepts for the data filtering of geodetic and non-geodetic series of measure-ments

Geodetic basics and monitoring measurements:

Project in the area of the electronic precision measuring procedures, combination of terrestrial and satellite-based measuring procedures, Monitoring of engineering structures, planning, realisation and analysis of monitoring measurements on engineering structures (e.g. dams) in-cluding application of Kalman filtering

Module elements: IV methods of engineering geodesy and industrial measuring tech-nique, 3 SWS, SoSe PJ geodetic basics and monitoring measurements, 3 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module adjustment calculation II or previous knowledge is manda-tory, extensive knowledge of maths as well as programming skills is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 6 h = 90 h Project processing: 15 x 12 h = 180 h



IGA Geodetic Sensors and 3D Measurement

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: The students possess extensive scientific knowledge of the geodetic sensor technology, in particular the technology of use and calibration of geodetic sensor systems, the technology of innovative sensor sys-tems and the analysis and processing of observational data.

Content: Geodetic sensors:

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Structure, functionality and handling of electronic tachymeter, defini-tion of the axis properties of a tachymeter, basic principle of the elec-tro-optical distance measuring, investigation and calibration of electro-optical distance measurers, external influences on the measuring sys-tem, measuring methods. Structure, functionality and handling of analogue and digital levelling instruments, modelling systematic effects of the measuring process (systematic errors with respect to inclination and to the focusing lens, vertical misalignments etc.), modelling systematic effects of the envi-ronment, i.e. the influence of the gravity field of the Earth, vertical re-fraction, design of measuring methods, structure, functionality and handling of GPS receivers, antenna calibration, current and future de-velopments of geodetic sensors, sensor fusion.

Laser scanning and 3D-measurement technique:

Structure, measurement principles and sample applications of the sen-sors of the optical measuring technique without reflectors (laser scan-ner, laser tracker, CCD), calibration strategies of polar measuring sys-tems, use of close range photogrammetry for the solution of complex problems, registration and analysis of 3D-point clouds resulting from laser scanners, including data fusion for medium range applications i.e. building information systems and other documentation purposes, interdisciplinary applications.

Module elements: IV geodetic sensors, 2 SWS, SoSe IV laser scanning and 3D-measurement technique, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: Previous knowledge of geodetic sensors is desirable.




IGA Analysis of Deformation Processes

Brief description:

Credits: 3


Objectives: The students possess extensive scientific knowledge of the analysis of geodetic deformation measurements including modelling of deforma-tion processes

Content: Two- and multi-epoch comparison, spectrographic analysis of the monitoring network and the deformation vectors, generalisation of the deformation field and geometrical interpretation (polynomial approach, rigid body movement, procedures of strain and stress analysis), Kal-man filtering, prediction, collocation, mechanical and statistical basics (stress and strain analysis, Hook`s law), analysis of the deformation of static systems (differential equation of the bending line), finite element approach and application, neuronal data processing, interdisciplinary applications.

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Module elements: IV analysis of deformation processes, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module adjustment calculation II or previous knowledge is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of maths and programming skills as well as the module methods of engineering geodesy is desirable




IGA Transformation of Geodetic Networks

Brief description:

Credits: 3

Person in charge: NN Sekr. H 12 [email protected]

Objectives: After this module the students control the general methodology of the one, two and three-dimensional transformation of the geodetic nets.

Content: Cartesian and ellipsoidical coordinates; Cartesian coordinates and tan-gential coordinates; ellipsoidical heights and standard heights; geo-detic datum; one, two and three-dimensional datum transformation; Network building and compensation from GPS base vectors; one, two, three-dimensional transformation of GPS nets into a national system; combined compensation of terrestrial and GPS measurements; Treat-ment of selected case examples

Module elements: IV transformation geodetic networks, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module adjustment calculation II or previous knowledge is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of maths is desirable




Current Methods of Measurement Data Analysis in Geodesy

Brief description:

Credits: 3

Person in charge: Dr. Petrovic Sekr. H 20 [email protected]

Objectives: After this module the students are able to see the use of the method of the smallest squares in the current measuring data analysis criti-cally and compile alternative evaluation strategies. A further objective consists of suggesting topics for the master work. The Control of alter-native solution strategies of the parameter estimation on selected case examples.

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Content: Functionality and problems of the method of the smallest squares, al-ternative solution methods, range of the L2-norm-estimation and al-ternative estimation theories (e.g. compensation after maximum cor-relation), problem of the realistic modelling, instabilities and regulari-zation, interval mathematics, use of global optimisation procedures (e.g. heuristic).

Module elements: IV current methods of measurement data analysis in geodesy, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module adjustment calculation II or previous knowledge is manda-tory; extensive knowledge of maths is desirable

Workload: Attendance: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Preparation and post prcessing: 15 x 2 h = 30 h Examination preparation: 30 h



Project seminar Engineering Surveying and Estimation Theory

Brief description:

Credits: 6

Person in charge: Prof. Gründig Sekr. H 20 [email protected]

Objectives: This module is designed for strengthening the capability for scientific work and social competence (team work). In this module the students are challenged with the full complexity of a current research topic in the area of engineering geodesy and adjustment calculation. Thus the students acquire knowledge with respect to the concepts of the meas-uring system to be applied, the processing strategy, the data analysis and preparation of the results with respect to interdisciplinary needs. In the course the students get introduced to the tasks to be solved, in the project they work together in small groups on relevant topics. They get insight to solution methods and to open problems, which provides the start for new research activities. This module is designed to introduce the students to current scientific questions, which can lead to high qualified master works.

Content: Contents of the module depend on the current research activities at the department for geodesy and geoinformation technology and can originate from the following areas.

Measuring systems and modelling:

Engineering surveying measuring systems for application in building processes and in industrial manufacturing processes, real time meas-uring systems for buildings and land slides monitoring, applying neu-ronal data processing, integration of geotechnical measuring and con-ceptional methods for the interpretation of deformations, prediction (e.g. of deformations), investigations with respect to geodetic sensor systems (e.g. laser scanners).

Analysis of measuring data:

Functionality and problems of the method of least squares, alternative solution methods, L2-Norm-estimation and alternative processes of es-

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timation, problems of proper realistic modelling, instabilities and regu-larisation, innovative blunder theories, interval mathematics, fuzzy logic, use of global optimisation procedures (e.g. heuristics), filtering techniques, analysis of stochastic processes.

A special application of least squares adjustment:

Computation of cable nets and structural membranes, optimisation tasks, transformation of geodetic networks

Module elements: SE engineering geodesy seminar, 2 SWS, SoSe PJ engineering geodesy and adjustment calculation project, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: The module adjustment calculation II or previous knowledge is manda-tory; other modules from the specialised subject engineering geodesy and estimation theory are desirable.




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Computer Vision and Remote Sensing

CV2 Digital Image Processing

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: Based on the fact that images represent a signal, methods for image enhancement, feature extraction and grouping are developed.The module clarifies that the learned skills can be used within multifaceted application areas for automatic image understanding.

The course is principally designed to impart

technical skills 30% method skills 30% system skills 20% social skills 20%

Underlying philosophy, methods and algorithms are explicated in the lectures. In the lab exercises which take place in parallel, methods and algorithms are implemented and applied exemplarily.

Content: Image representation in frequency domain, Fourier transform, sam-pling theorem, Filtering, Wiener Filter, image enhancement, edge de-tection, Hough transform, segmentation, interest operators, mathe-matical morphology, vectorisation, texture, skeletonization, medical axis transform, contour / line tracing and -smoothing, Gestalt psychol-ogy, grouping

Module elements: digital image processing VL, 2 SWS, SoSe digital image processing UE, 2 SWS, SoSe

Entry requirements: non

Workload: Contact times: 60 h Private stuy: 120 h



CV3 Automatic Image Analysis

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: The students acquire stepwise competence for the development of image understanding methods. According to computer vision paradigm knowledge-based image analysis methods are developed based on feature extraction. The learned skills can be used within multifaceted application areas of automatic image understanding and pattern recognition.

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Underlying philosophy, methods and algorithms are explicated in the lectures. In the lab exercises which take place in parallel, methods and algorithms are implemented and applied exemplarily.

Content: Visual cognition, grouping, shape descriptors, computer vision para-digm, knowledge-based image analysis, models of the real world, for-mal representation of the models, modelling of uncertainty, invariant pattern recognition, Bayesian decision theorem, Markoff random field models, Bayesian networks, object categorisation, automatic interpre-tation of maps, application to close range- and air photographs

Module elements: Automatic Image Analysis, 2 SWS, WiSe

Automatic Image Analysis, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: preferable: CV 2 Image Processing or equivalent knowledge




CV4 Optical Remote Sensing

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: The module imparts primarily professional and methodological expertise in analyzing remote sensing data. The exploration of the context between physical reality of the environment and data collected with imaging sensors are in the foreground. Mathematical modells are used for description. Data analysis, e.g. object extraction, is conducted with methods of the automatic image analysis. Remote sensing is conceived as an electronical-physically motivated area of computer vision.



Underlying sensor components, methods and algorithms are explained in a way allowing transmission of the handled sensor- and system as-pects to other cases. Methods and algorithms are implemented and applied exemplarily in the lab exercises taking part in parallel. Field work is part of the course.

Content: Physical basics, optical sensors, multi- and hyper spectral-sensors, functionality of optical sensors, geometrical and radiometrical image calibration, pre-processing of satellite images, arithmetic image opera-

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tions, principal axis transform, Tasseled Cap Transform, supervised and unsupervised classification processes, BRDF, spectral demixing, image textures, microwave systems, radar with synthetic aperture (SAR)

Module elements: Optical Remote Sensing VL, 2 SWS, WiSe

Optical Remote Sensing UE, 2 SWS, WiSe

Entry requirements: non




CV5 Microwave Remote Sensing

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: The module imparts primarily professional and methodological expertise in analyzing remote sensing data. The exploration of the relations between physical reality of the environment and data collected with imaging sensors are emphasized. Mathematical modells are used for description.



Underlying sensor components, methods and algorithms are explained in a way allowing the transmission of the handled sensor- and system aspects to other cases. Methods and algorithms are implemented and applied exemplarily in the lab exercises taking place in parallel.

Content: Physical basics, microwave systems, radar with synthetic aperture (SAR): application process, SAR-image generation, SAR-interferometry, coherence, differential SAR-interferometry, permanent scatterer analysis, SAR-polarimetry, scattering matrix, partial scat-terer, decomposition theorems, entropy/alpha-classification, po-larimetric SAR-interferometry, object extraction from SAR-data, sensor / data fusion

Module elements: Microwave Remote Sensing VL, 2 SWS, SoSe

Microwave Remote Sensing UE, 2 SWS, SoSe

Entry requirements: preferable: CV 4 Optical Remote Sensing




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CV6 Seminar Hot Topics in Computer Vision

Brief description:

Credits: 3


Objectives: The participants will be led to a research and industrially relevant subject. It is not aspired to explore a specific area completely. The aim of the course is to confrontate the participants with the whole complexibility of one issue and to challenge their own initiative. We provide an insight in the research and development projects of the field.



The participants explore basics and advanced issues of the field. Dif-ferences in the preparatory training of the participants can be bal-anced.

Content: Example: Advanced topics of the real-time processing and –image analysis will be explored.

Module elements: Hot Topics in Computer Vision SE, 2SWS, WiSe, SoSe

Entry requirements: preferable: depends on topic; e.g. CV1 Photogrammetric Computer Vision, CV2 Digital Image Processing

Workload: Contact times: 30 h

Private study: 60 h

Examination: The final grade for the module is composed of the results of several examination equivalent study requirements (60% presentation, 40% participation).


CV7 Projekt Hot Topics in Computer Vision

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: The capacity for teamwork of the participants shall be strenghten through the module. They will be led to a research and industrially relevant subject. It is not aspired to explore a specific area completely. The aim of the course is to confrontate the participants with the whole complexibility of one issue and to challenge their own initiative. Therefore we do not provide a pedagogically gentle introduction of the learners to the scientific area, but we allow an insight and participation in research and development of the field.

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The participants explore basics and advanced issues. Differences in the preparatory training of the participants can be balanced.

Content: Example: Basics of real-time processing and –image analysis. The par-

ticipants shall develop a software system in the course enabling to cal-culate the orientation parameters of a digital camera with respect to an object plane - a two-dimensional object room – to transform the posi-tion of a movable agent, whose coordinates are given in image space, into object space. The software system can be made up of the modules camera calibration, detection of object markers, tracing of object markers, precise localization of object markers, calculation of camera orientation and transformation of the agent position into object space.

Module elements: Hot Topics in Computer Vision PJ, 4SWS, WiSe, SoSe

Entry requirements: preferable: depends on topic; e.g. CV1 Photogrammetric Computer Vision, CV2 Digital Image Processing

Workload: presence: 10h meetings: 10h project work: 120h elaboration: 15h written project report: 25h 180h

Examination: The final grade for the module is composed of the results of several examination equivalent study requirements (50% project report, 50% demonstration).


CV8 Seminar Hot Topics in Image Analysis

Brief description:

Credits: 3


Objectives: The participants will be led to a research and industrially relevant subject. It is not aspired to explore a specific area in the whole bandwith. The aim of the course is to confrontate the participants with the whole complexibility of one issue and to challenge their own initiative. We provide an insight in the research and development projects of the field.



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Content: Example: Basics of pattern recognition and modelling of insecurity in image analysis.

Module elements: Hot Topics in Image Analysis SE, 2SWS, WiSe, SoSe

Entry requirements: preferable: CV3 – Automatic Image Analysis

Workload: Contact times: 30 h

Private study: 60 h

Examination: The final grade for the module is composed of the results of several examination equivalent study requirements (60% presentation, 40% participation).


CV9 Projekt Hot Topics in Image Analysis

Brief description:

Credits: 6


Objectives: The capacity for teamwork of the participants shall be strenghten through the module. They will be led to a research and industrially relevant subject. It is not aspired to explore a specific area completely. The aim of the course is to confrontate the participants with the whole complexibility of one issue and to challenge their own initiative. Therefore we do not provide pedagogically gentle introduction of the learners to the scientific area, but we allow an insight and participation in research and development of the field.




Content: Example: Advanced topics of pattern recognition and modelling of un-

certainty in image analysis. The participants shall develop a software system which enables to automatically recognize objects under the specified condition, e.g. real-time requirements.

Module elements: Hot Topics in Image Analysis PJ, 4SWS, WiSe, SoSe

Entry requirements: preferable: CV3 – Automatic Image Analysis

Workload: presence: 10h meetings: 10h project work: 120h elaboration: 15h

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written project report: 25h 180h

Examination: The final grade for the module is composed of the results of several examination equivalent study requirements (50% project report, 50% demonstration).


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