October 07

EkdifiHa&; OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf

Ä EkdifiHawmfwnfNidrfa&;? &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya'pkd;rdk;a&;

Ä trsKd;om; jyefvnf pnf;vkH;nDñGwfa&;

Ä ckdifrmonfh zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'opf jzpfay:vma&;

Ä jzpfay:vmonfh zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya'opfESifhtnD acwfrD zGHU NzdK;wkd;wufaom EkdifiHawmfopfwpf&yf wnfaqmufa&;

pD;yGm;a&; OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf

Ä pkdufysKd;a&;udk tajccHí tjcm;pD;yGm;a&;u@rsm;udkvnf; bufpkHzGH U NzdK;wdk;wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;

Ä aps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepf yDjyifpGm jzpfay:vma&;

Ä jynfwGif;jynfyrS twwfynmESifh t&if;tESD;rsm; zdwfac:í pD;yGm;a&; zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufatmif wnfaqmufa&;

Ä EkdifiHawmfpD;yGm;a&; wpf&yfvkH;udk zefwD;EdkifrIpGrf;tm;onf EkdifiHawmfESifh wkdif;&if;om;jynfolwkdY\ vuf0,fwGif&Sda&;

vlrIa&; OD;wnfcsuf (4) &yf

Ä wpfrsKd;om;vkH;\ pdwf"mwfESifh tusifhpm&dwå jrifhrm;a&;

Ä trsKd;*kPf? Zmwd*kPfjrifhrm;a&;ESifh ,Ofaus;rItarGtESpfrsm; trsKd;om;a&;vu©Pmrsm; raysmufysufatmif xdef;odrf; apmifha&Smufa&;

Ä rsKd;cspfpdwf"mwf &Sifoefxufjrufa&;

Ä wpfrsKd;om;vkH; usef;rmBuHhckdifa&;ESifh ynm&nfjrifhrm;a&;

'kdYwm0ef ta&;okH;yg;

jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&; 'kdYta&;

wkdif;&if;om; pnf;vkH;nDñGwfrI rNydKuGJa&; 'kdYta&;

tcsKyftjcmtmPm wnfwHhckdifNrJa&; 'kdYta&;

pnf;urf;vkdufem ab;uif;uGm

&yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&; 0kdif;0ef;ulnD apmifhxdef;ay;

pnf;rsOf;udkufnD ab;uif;onf

]EkdifiHawmf zGJUpnf;ykH tajccHOya' ay:aygufa&;onf

jrefrmEdkifiHom;tm;vkH;\ wm0efjzpfonf}

jynfolYoabmxm;

Ä jynfytm;udk;ykqdef½kd; tqkd;jrif0g'Drsm;tm; qefYusifMu/

Ä EkdifiHawmf wnfNidrfat;csrf;a&;ESifh EkdifiHawmf

wkd;wufa&;udk aESmifh,SufzsufqD;olrsm;tm;

qefYusifMu/

Ä EkdifiHawmf\ jynfwGif;a&;udk 0ifa&mufpGufzuf

aESmifh,Sufaom jynfyEdkifiHrsm;tm; qefYusifMu/

Ä jynfwGif;jynfy tzsuform;rsm;tm; bkH&efoltjzpf

owfrSwf acsrIef;Mu/

rsufESmzHk;aqmif;yg;rsufESmzHk;aqmif;yg;

rsufESmzHk;aqmif;yg;rsufESmzHk;aqmif;yg;

rsufESmzHk;aqmif;yg;

56 New Product

91 uGefysLwmowif;ESifh rSwfpk

oifh&JUtifwmeufvdkif; 'grSr[kwf

[kdw,f&JU Wi-Fi qufoG,frI ½kwfw&uf

jywfawmufoGm;&if tvkyfukd xdcdkufjyD;

a'wmawG aysmufqHk;oGm;Ekdifw,f/

132 uGefysLwmtbd"mef

rm;om;bkwfESifh ywfoufí . . .

,cktcg yDpDuGefysLwm topfwpfvHk;udk

0,f,lawmhrnfqkdygu rm;om;bkwf

trsKd;tpm;udkyg pdppf a&G;cs,f,l&rnfh

tajctaersm; &Sdvmygonf/

Memory tm;opfavmif;jcif;

Vista twGuf memory rnfrQ vdkoenf;/

Windows XP rsm; taejzifhvnf; rnfodkY

&Sdacsrnfenf;/

0if;'dk;pfudk jrefrmvdk b,fvdkajymif;MurSmvJ

MUI file rsm;udk bmom pum;

wpfckcsif;tvkduf jyKvkyfxm;jcif;jzifh

toHk;jyKolonf rdrdtoHk;jyKaeaom

bmompum;udk tvG,fwul ajymif;vJ

toHk;jyKEdkifrnf jzpfonf/

13

24

uGefysLwmtufaq;uGefysLwmtufaq;

uGefysLwmtufaq;uGefysLwmtufaq;

uGefysLwmtufaq;

54 'pf*spfw,fjyZmwfMunhfrvm;

'grSr[kwf tdwfaqmify½kd*sufwmeJY

upm;Murvm;

vufudkifzkef;awGrSmygwJh screen av;u

wHqdyfacgif; t&G,favmufom jzpfygw,f/

ao;vGef;aeygw,f/ Message wdkav;

awGom zwfvdkY&ygw,f/

111

2007 ckESpf? atmufwdkbmv? trSwf 164

uGefysLwm*sme,f

38 tzsuftarSmifh Malware awG rdkbdkif;vfay:txd

a&mufvmjyD

84 trdIufo½kdufjzpfoGm;aprnhf aub,fvfMudK;rsm;

pm;yJGay:rSmvnf; &Sif;aeapr,f? ½Hk;cef;xJrSmvnf;

½Iyf½IyfaxG;axG; r&SdapzdkY csxm;zGJUpnf;,lEdkifapr,f/

AD'D,dkawGudkyg MudK;rJhpepfeJY pDpOfxm;apr,fqdkwJh

arQmfvihfcsufawGudk b,fawmhavmuf cHpm;cGihf&rSmygvJ/

90 urÇmhtaumif;qHk; 0ufbfqdkuf 101 cktaMumif;

&Sif;r&vif;r& registry error awGudk awGUae&jyDvm;?

application awG wpfckeJYwpfck csdwfquf&wm

tqifrajybl;vm;? armfeDwmuvnf; taMumif;rMum;

bJeJY resolution avsmhusoGm;jyDvm;/ pdwfrylygeJY?

84 uGefysLwmwpfvHk; b,fvdkwyfqiftoHk;jyKMurvJ

97 Great Software, Little - 77

i,fayr,fh aumif;&r,f/ xufjrufwJh tool awG?

pGrf;aqmif&nf jynfh0wJh functions awGeJY one-access

click qdkwmrsKd;awG yg0if&r,f/

uGefysLwm*sme,f

197 (c)? yxrxyf? 33 vrf;(txuf)? &efukef/

zkef;- 01-387305/

EDITOR

OD;aomif;0if; (yef;cs,f&D)

CONTRIBUTORS

OD;rsdK; (tdkifwDtef;wdwf)? armifarmifMuD;?

pkdif;wifhxl;? aZmfrif;ESifh Modula-2

uGefysLwmoifcef;pmuGefysLwmoifcef;pm

uGefysLwmoifcef;pmuGefysLwmoifcef;pm

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

uGefysLwmtaxGaxGuGefysLwmtaxGaxG

uGefysLwmtaxGaxGuGefysLwmtaxGaxG

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

136 Premiere Tutorial

140 pdwftaESmifht,Sufjzpfp&m Word jyóem

145 PhotoshopTutorial

148 Visual Basic .Net

153 0if;'dk;pf XP twGuf tajccHvrf;nTefrsm;

160 Photoshop jzwfvrf;enf;rsm;

163 uGefysLwmtar;tajz

172 0if;'dk;pfApfpwm ed'gef;

183 Java Developer GuideREVIEW

119 BioshockPREVIEW

126 Flight Simulator Debate

128 Manhurt - 2

uGefysLwm*sme,f atmufwkdbmv? 2007 ckESpf

13


,cifu yDpDuGefysLwm

topfwpfvHk;udk 0,f,lawmh

rnfqkdygu CPU, RAM,

graphics cards ESifh Ether-

net wkd Y\ tajctaeudk

avhvmí rdrdESif hud kufnD

onhf tcsuftvufrsm;

jynhfpHkygu 0,f,lvkduf½Hkyif

jzpfonf/

,cktcg yDpDuGefysLwm

topfwpfvHk;udk 0,f,lawmh

rnfqkdygu rm;om;bkwf

trsKd;tpm;udkyg pdppf a&G;

cs,f,l&rnfh tajctaersm;

&Sdvmygonf/

ukd,fwkdif wnfaqmuf

wyfqif,lolrsm;yifvQif rdrd

toHk;jyKrnhf rm;om;bkwfudk

wyfqifrnfh CPU, RAM ESifh

Graphic cards taetxm;

udk vdkufí 0,f,lavh &SdMu

aomfvnf; ,cktcsdefrSpí

tcsdefESifhtrQ wkd;wufajymif;

vJvmaom system toHk;

jyKcsuf jzpfpOfrsm;t& aemif

wGif upgrade vkyfonhftcg

vkdufavsmnDaxGjzpfaprnhf

rm;om;bkwftjzpf a&G;cs,f

0,f,lMu&awmhrnf/ okdY

twGuf rm;om;bkwfESif h

ywfoufí uGefysLwmtoHk;

jyKolwkdif; *CeP odxm;

&ef vkdtyfvmygawmhonf/

t&G,ftpm;udpö

System wpfck wyf

qifwnfaqmuf&eftwGuf

yxrqH k ; pO f ;pm;&rnf h

tcsufrSm system wGiftoHk;

rm;om;bkwfESifh ywfoufí . . .

CPU ESifh RAM wkdYonf yDpD\ pGrf;tm; jzpfonf/

Graphics cards wkdYonf *drf;upm;Ekdif&eftwGuf y"meusvSonf/

Ethernet jack onf avmu qufoG,fa&;vrf;aMumif;udk jyKay;onf/

okdYaomf rm;om;bkwfrSmrl t&mtm;vHk;udk twlwuG&Sdap&ef aqmifMuOf;ay;onf/


14


jyKrnfh rm;om;bkwf t&G,f

tpm;yifjzpfonf/taMumif;

rSm System xnhfoGif;,lrnhf

case rsm;udk 'DZkdif;trsKd;rsKd;?

t&G,ftpm;trsKd;trsKd;ESifh

xkwfvkyfaeMuonf/ rwlnD

aom form factor trsm;

tjym; &Sdaeonf/ okdYtwGuf

toHk;jyKvkdonfh case jzihf

udkufnDaom rm;om;bkwf

t&G,ftpm;udk a&G;cs,f,l&

onf/ þae&mwGif vuf&Sd

wyfqifrnfh tpdwftykdif;

rsm; twGufomru system

upgrade twGuf &SdvmzG,f

&S daom tpdwftyk dif;rsm;

twGuf ae&mudkygxnhfoGif;

pOf;pm;Mu&rnf jzpfonf/

Towers rsm;uhJokdYaom

tMuD;pm; cases trsm;pk

onf ATX form factor ukd

yhHykd;aqmif&GufEkdifpGrf; &Sdonf/

tqkdyg board formats rsKd;

rsm;onf ports rsm;ESifh wkd;csJU

rIudpö t00twGuf cGifhjyK

Ekdifaom ae&mrsm; cGifhjyKay;

EkdifMuonf/ 12 vufr _

9 'or 6 vufrt&G,f&Sd

ATX 'DZkdif;rsm;onf 10 ESpf

twkdif;twmavmuftxd

standards rsm;teufr S

standard tjzpf &yfwnf

vmchJonf/ wpfenf;qkd&

aomf performance tqifh

aygif;pH ktwGuf desktop

systems rsm;udk tqkdyg

case rsm;jzihfom toHk;csvm

Muonf/

vGefchJaom ESpftenf;

i,fupí Intel onf ¤if;

xufMuD;aom BTX mother-

board formats rsm;udk rdwf

qufvmchJonf/ xkdokdY rdwf

qufvm&jcif; t"du &nf

&G,fcsufrSm toHk;jyKaom

yg0gtm;ESifh tpdwftykdif;

rsm;rS xGufay:vmrnhf tyl

rsm;udk udkufnDrI &Sdap&ef

enf;vrf;jyKay;vkdufjcif;

jzp fonf/ txl;ojzi f h

¤if;\ rdwfqufrIudk Gate-

way ESifh Dell ukrÜPDrsm;rS

vufcH aqmif&GufchJMuaomf

vnf; ukd,fwdkifwnfaqmuf

wyfqifolrsm; taejzifhrl

vkdufygol tenf;tusOf;

om &S dch Jonf/ tu,fí

BTX boards rsm;udk Munhf½I

vkdygu Intel \ web site

rS wpfyg; jrif&cJvSygonf/

jyD;chJaom ESpfrsm;url

omrefxufao;i,faom

Micro ATX (9 'or 6

vufr _9 'or 6 vufr)

ESifh Mini 1 TX (6 'or 7

vufr _6 'or 7 vufr)

form factor rsm; acwfpm;

vmchJonf/ txl;ojzifh me-

dia center rsm;onf ao;

ao;i,fi,f t&G,ftpm;udk

a,bk,s toHk;jyKMuonf/

xkdok d Yaom form factor

rsm;onf expensions slots

rsm;E Si f h I/O ports rsm;

toifhtwifhom yg&SdEkdifchJ

onf/

Socket udpö

wu,fwrf;rSmrl t&G,f

tpm;udpöxuf ydkí ta&;

MuD;onfrSm rdrdrm;om;bkwf

ay:wGif rnfonfh proces-

sor rsKd; wyfqifrnfenf;

qkdonfh tcsufyif jzpfonf/

rm;om;bkwf\ socket

type ESifh chipset wkdYonf

wyfqifrnfh processor \

awmif; qkd csuf rsm; ESifh

udkufnDMu&rnf jzpfonf/

tu,fí tH0ifcGifus rjzpf

chJvQif processor rS tvkyf

vkyfay;vdrfhrnf r[kwfonhf

tjyif ½kyfoabm ysufpD;csKdU

,Gif;rItxd &S doGm;Ek difyg

onf/ odkYygí CPU wpfckudk

rm;om;bkwfwpfckrS tjcm;

wpfckokdY ajymif;a&TU wyfqif

onfjzpfap? CPU topfwpf

ckudk 0,f,lwyfqif,lvkd

onhf tcgwGif jzpfap txl;

*½kpkdufMu&ayvdrfhrnf/

Processor onf

AMD okdYr[kwf Intel [l

onhftcsufupí a&G;cs,f

&rnf jzpfonf/ AMD

twGuf jzpfonf odkYr[kwf

Intel twGufjzpfonf qkd

onhf cGJjcm;rIrsKd;jzifh xkwf

vkyf a&mif;csMujcif;aMumifh

rudkufnDvQif tvkyf rvkyf

Ek difygay/ aemufwpfqifh

taejzifh processor twGuf

rnfonfh socket type rsKd;

twGuf[lí owfrSwfxm;

csufrsm; & S daeygonf/

Socket T [k trsm; odxm;

onhf LGA 775 qkdygu

avmavmq,f Intel proc-

essors rsm;twGuf stand-

ard jzpfouhJodkY AMD \

aemufqHk;xkwf CPU rsm;

onfSocket AM2 twGuf

'DZkdif; vkyfxm;onfudk awGU

jrifMu&ygvdrf hrnf/ up-

grade vkyfEkdifrnhf tcGifh

tvrf;twGuf avmavm

q,f range tjrifhqHk;udk

tqkdyg socket ESpfrsKd;vHk;u

ay;xm;Muonf/ okdYaomf

vnf; rnfrQMumMumtxd

xkdokdY taetxm;rsKd; quf

vuf&SdaeOD;rnf[k rajymqkd

E k di faom tajctaersm;

&S dMuonf/ wpfenf;qkd&

aomf avmavmq,fumv

twGif; wnf&Sdaeao;aom

tcGifhtvrf;[kom rSwf,l

Ekdifygvdrfhrnf/

Upgrading vkyfjcif;

ESifh ywfoufí tav;xm;

owdjyK&rnf h tcsufrSm

AM2 socket rS vufcH

aqmif&GufEkdifrnfh proces-

sor a&G;cs,frIESifh Intel \

vufcHaqmif&Gufay;Ekdifrnhf

taetxm;wkdY wlnDrI r&SdMu


16


jcif;yif jzpfonf/ tu,fí

rdrdonf LGA 775 mother-

board topfwpfc kud k

0,f,lchJvQif rnfonfh LGA

775 processor ta[mif;

ESifhrqkd tvkyfvkyfEkdifonf

[k qkdaomfvnf; ajymif;jyef

vSefí t"dyÜm,faumuf,l

Ekdifjcif; r&Sday/ qkdvkdonfrSm

LGA 775 udk tajccH wnf

aqmufxm;onhf rm;om;

bkwfonf ,aeY acwftrD

qHk;[k qkd&rnhf Core 2 Duo

ESifh Core 2 Extreme proc-

essor wkdY tm;vHk;udk vnf

ywfay;Edkifjcif; r&Sdygay/

okdYtwGuf rdrdtaejzifh

Intel Compatible mother-

board wpfckudk 0,f,l&m

wGif rdrdtoHk;jyKrnfh proc-

essor \ pHcsdefpHnTef;ESifh

ukdufnDrI &Sd r&Sdudk tao

tcsm ppfaq;,l&ygvdrf h

rnf/ tu,fí rdrdtaejzifh

avmavmq,f Core 2 Duo

CPU udk rsufpdusí 0,f,l

toHk;jyKrnf[k MuH&G,fxm;

ygu aemifwGif Quad-Core

2 Extreme ukdvnf; quf

vufí Upgrade vkyf,lEkdif

aprnfh rm;om;bkwfjzpfa&;

udk xnhfwGufxm;oifhyg

onf/

Bus udpö

rm;om;bkwf system

bus ESifh ywfoufí ¤if;\

speed udk xnhfoGif;pOf;pm;

&ef rvkdjcif;onftcGifhta&;

wpf&yf[kyif qkdEkdifygonf/

(SSystem Bus udk &Hzef&Hcg

front-side bus odkYr[kwf

FSB [lí &nfnTef; ajymqkd

avh &SdMuonf/) Bus qkd

onfrSm processor, RAM

ESifh tjcm; ud&d,mtpdwf

tykdif;rsm;tMum; informa-

tion rsm; oGm;vmEkdifa&;

twGuf jyKvkyfxm;aom

vrf;aMumif;rsm;yif jzpf

onf/ CPU ESifh rmom;

bkwf\ socket type wkdY

ukdufnDaeorQ tppt&m&m

tqifajypGm vkyfukdif aqmif

&Gufaernfom jzpfonf/

okdY&mwGif rdrdtaejzifh rdrd

uGefysLwm\ pGrf;aqmif&nf

udk wwfEkdiforQ n§pfxkwf,l

rnf[k MuHqchJygu proc-

essor \ tjrefEIef;ESifh rm;

om;bkwf\ FSB speeds

wkdYudk jyefvnf ppfaq;jyD;

tiftm;jznhf,l&ayvdrfhrnf/

Intel motherboard rsm;

ay:&Sd FSB speeds twGuf

avmavmq,f &&SdEkdifaom

tjrifhqHk; rating rSm 1.333

MHz ESifh 1.066 MHz om&Sd

wwfMuonf/ quad-core

Core 2 Extreme ESifh dual

core Core 2 Duo proces-

sor onf tqkdyg speeds

rsm; tm;vHk;udk oHk;ypfrnf

om jzpfonf/

Chipset udpö

Bus speed udk pOf;pm;

&onfhtavsmuf rm;om;

bkwfwpfck\ chipset des-

ignation onfvnf;tav;

xm;p&m tajccH tcsufrsm;

&Sdaeygonf/ rMumcPqkd

ovkd 'Northbridge' odkY

r[kwf 'Southbridge' [l

onhf tac:ta0:rsm; Mum;

rdaeMuygvdrfhrnf/ ¤if;wkdY

onf main system chipset

wGif yg0ifvsuf&SdaeMuonfh

rwlnDaom chipset ESpfrsKd;

jzpfonf/ vkyf½k d;vkyfpOf

twkdif; pDrHcefYcGJrIt& CPU,

RAM ESifh AGP/PCI ex-

press buses rsm;tMum;

tjrefEIef;jrifh qufoG,fa&;

udpörsm;ESifh hard drive con-

troller rsm;? power man-

agements rsm;ESifh PCI bus

rsm;uhJokdYaom aES;auG;onfh

subsystem qufoG,fa&;

udpörsm;udk aqmif&Gufay;

onfh rwlnDaom obm0

rsKd;udk qkdvkdjcif; jzpfonf/

þae&mwGif rnfonhft&m

onf North bridge, rnf

onf ht&monf South

bridge chips [lí wdwd

usus odxm;&eftxd rvkd

tyfygay/ oabmobm0udk

om em;vnfxm;&ef vkdtyf

ygonf/

RAM udpö

System wpfcktwGuf

pGrf;tm;&&Sdap&ef proces-

sor wpfckwnf;udk tm;udk;

tm;xm;jyKaevkdY rjzpfyg/

RAM (Random Access

Memory) &JU tultnDrsm;

vkdtyfygw,f/ tvkyfvkyf

ae&if; Code eJY data awG

udk t&efoifhodrf;qnf;ay;

xm;jyD; urf;ay;jcif;eJY jref

qefrIudk ydk&oGm;apEkdifw,f/

RAM rsm;rsm; xnhf

oHk;Ekdifav aumif;avvkdY

qkdkEkdifygvdrfhr,f/ 'gayr,fh

rdrd&JU rm;om;bkwf b,fvkd

trsKd;tpm;eJY b,favmuf

yrmPtxd yhHykd; aqmif&Guf

Ekdifwmudkawmh ausmfoGm;vkdY

r&Ekdifyg/ 'DaeY ay:jyLvm

tjzpfqH k; DDR2 RAM

awGudk 'DaeYxGufaewhJ rm;

om;bkwf trsm;pku yhHykd;


17


aqmif&Gufay;Ekdifwmudk awGU

&w,f/ 'gayr,fh taMumif;

aMumif;aMumifh t&if aES;

auG;whJ EIef;xm;&SdwhJ DDR

RAM rsKd;udk 0,fr,fqkd&if

awmh vuf&Sdrm;om;bkwfrSm

toHk;csEkdif rcsEkdifqkdwmudk

taotcsm ppfaq;,l&rSm

jzpfw,f/

rdrdrm;om;bkwfu yhHydk;

aqmif&GufEkdifr,fh memory

standard udk rSwfom;xm;

Mu&r,fhoabm jzpfw,f/

'grSom teD;pyfqHk; trsKd;

tpm;udk a&G;cs,f,lEkdifrSm

jzpfw,f/ wu,fvkdY Oyrm

tm;jzifh rdrdrm;om;bkwfu

DDR2 667 udk yhHydk;aqmif

&Gufay;Ekdifygw,fvkdY nTef;

xm;wmudk DDR2 533 udk

xnfhygu tusKd;jzpfxGef;rI

tjynhft0&rSmr[kwfygbl;/

tJ'DvkdyJ DDR2 800 udk xnhf

&ifvnf; xnhfawmh xnhf

ay;xm;yg&JU? rm;om;bkwf

u rodem;rvnfwhJtwGuf

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18


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21


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ay: jyLvmtjzpfqHk; rm;om;bkwfrsm;udk ,SOfwGJavhvmaomf


Ref : Computer Shopper : July 2007

uGefysLwm*sme,f atmufwdkbmv? 2007 ckESpf

24


Vista twGufmemory rnfrQvdk

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&Sdvm&ayonf/

Memory tm;opfavmif;jcif;


25


onfhtavsmuf rjzpfraeoHk;pGJ&rnfh

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rsm;onf SDRAM rsm;xuf wefzdk;

MuD;jrifhygonf/

2003 ckESpfwGif rsKd;qufopfDDR

memory wpfck ay:aygufvmcJhonf/

¤if;rSm DDR2 jzpfonf/ Intel Pentium

4 processor ESifhtwl xGufay:vmjcif;

jzpfonf/ taMumif;rSm AMD Athlon

64 CPUs rsm;wGifintegrated memory

controllers rsm; &Sdaejcif;aMumifhjzpf

onfh DDR2 onf 2006 ckESpfwGif

toHk;jyKyg&Sdvmonf/ AM2 socket

uJhodkYaom line rsm; topfray:vmrD

tcsdeftxdAMD processor rsm;udk

yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;jcif; r&Sday/

DDR2 onf DDR ESifh uGmjcm;vS

onfhtavQmuf trSefwu,f memory

clock jrefqefoavmufxuf data rsm;

udk ESpfqo,faqmifay;onf/ Oyrm

tm;jzifh DDR memory ta[mif;onf

200 MHz clock wGif I/O bus udkvnf;

200 MHz jzifh vnfywfapcJhonf/

¤if;rS wpfpuúefYvQif 3.2 GB txd data

rsm;udk vTJajymif;ay;onf/ tb,f


26


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aMumifhenf;[lrl clock speed onf

I/O bus \ speed tay:tqHk;tjzwf

jyKay;onf/ odkYtwGuf ¤if;udk syn-

chronous DRAM [k ac:qdkcJhonf/

3.2 GB &&Sdapaom transfer rate

twGuf wGufcsufrIwGif [bus clock x

data rate x data width (memory

module) ] ÷ 8 jzpfonf/

wpfcsdefwnf;rSmyif 200 MHz jzifh

twlwl vnfywfaeaom DDR2

memory onf 400 MHz &Sdonfh I/O

udk vnfywfap onf/ I/O bus clock

cycle wpfckpDonf data item ESpfckudk

o,f,lay;aeqJjzpfonf/ odkY&mwGif

tjrifhqHk; txGufEIef; 6.4 Bps udk ESpfq

jzpfoGm;aponftxd xdxda&mufa&muf

wdk;oGm;apygonf/

DDR2 rsKd;uGJrsm;taejzifh ½Iyf½Iyf

axG;axG; jzpfaeapygonf/ taMumif;

rSm semiconductor xkwfvkyfa&;

vkyfief;rsm;twGuf pHcsdefpHnTef; owf

rSwfay;aom tkyfpkjzpfonfh JEDEC

onf tao;pdwfazmfjycsuf specifica-

tion rSm trsKd;rsKd; tuGJuGJtjym;jym;

xkwfjyefxm;jcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/ Oyrm

tm;jzifh tcsKdUaom high-performance

memory rsm;onf w&m;0ifxkwfjyef

xm;aom JEDEC rating xuf

ausmfvGefaeaom taetxm;xd EIef;

owfrSwfxm;cJhonf/

xdkodkYaom specs rsm;udk vdkufrD

ap&ef uGefysLwmtoHk;jyKolrsm;onf

BIOS twGif;standard 1.8V xuf ydkí

&aprnhf voltage udk wdk;ay;&ef vdktyf

ygonf/ Voltage udk wdk;ay;ygu xGuf

EIef;vnf; wkd;vmaponf/ DDR2

memory rsm;udk 0,f,lonfhtcg xkwf

vkyfolrsm;u1066 MHz tjrefEIef;txd

&Ekdifygonf[k nTef;qdkavh&SdMuaomf

vnf; wu,fwrf; toHk;jyKMuaom

tcgwGif 667 MHz speed rsm;om

&aMumif; awGY&Sd&wwfonf/ ¤if;wdkY\

bandwidth udk ukd,fpm;jyKay;aom

EIef;xm;jzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh DDR-

400 onf maximum bandwidth 3.2

GBps &Sdonf[k azmfjyjcif;jzpfonf/

3200 MBps [kvnf; rSwf,lEkdifonf/

odkYtwGuf DDR-400 udk PC 3200

[lívnf; azmfjyMuwwfygao;onf/

PC Magazine Labs wGif awGYjrif

&aom DDR2 onf 1.8 V jzifh800

speeds &onf[k azmfjyxm;cJhonf/

odkYaomf DDR2 - 1066 twGuf IEDEC

standard wpfckzefwD;&ef vkyfief;wGif

toHk;csEkdifonf/ Micron rS1.8 V jzifh

DDR2 -1066 Chips udk xkwfvkyfaejyD

[kawmh aMunmxm;csuf &Sdaeygonf/

Memory xkwfvkyfolrsm;taejzifh

standard voltages ESifh speeds rsm;

wGif rSefrSefuefuef vnfywftoHk;csEkdif

aprnfh memory rsm;udk taotcsm

nTef;qdkxkwfvkyfMu&ef vdktyfygonf/

taMumif;rSm vlwkdif;taejzifh rnfonfh

motherboard ESifh wGJzuf&rnfudk rcefY

rSef;EkdifMujcif;aMumifhjzpfonf/Mo-

therboard wkdif; jrifhrm;aom clock

rates ESifh voltage rsm;udk yHhydk;aqmif

&Gufavh&Sdonf r[kwfay/ tajctae

trsKd;rsKd; &SdaeEkdifygonf/

DDR3 [lonfh topfuav;

DDR3 onf DDR2 xuf xGuf

tm;ydkaumif;pGm vTJajymif;ay;Ekdifonf/

yg0gtoHk;jyKrI enf;onf/ odkYaomf

higher latencies rsm;twGuf wefzdk;

MuD;vSonf/ (Essential memory spec

wGif avhvmMunfhygu ydkí oabm

aygufem;vnfEkdifrnfjzpfonf/ xdkYtwl

memory timing rsm;tay: em;vnf

aprnfh shortcut rsm;udkvnf; em;vnf

xm;oifhygao;onf/

DDR 3 \ txl;jyKvkyfaqmifcsuf

rSm clock cycle wpfckpDwGif quad-

DDR DDR2 DDR3

Rated clock speeds (MHZ) 100,133,166,200 100, 133,166,200 100,133,166,200

Effective clock speeds 200,266,333,400 400,533,667,800 800,1066,1333,(MHz) 1600

Rated throughout(GBps) 16,21,27,32 32,42,53,64 64,85,107,128

Typical latencies 4,4,4,12 5,5,5,15 7,7,7,15(CAS-RCD-RP-RAS cycles)

voltage 25 V 18 V 15V

Number of pins 184 240 240

Price range $99-$130 $ 75-5130 $ 450- $500

Essential Memory Specs,aeYacwf system memory rsm;udk tajccHtaetxm; oHk;rsKd;oHk;pm;jzifh

jrifawGYMu&rnf/ wpfrsKd;pDwGif clock speeds trsKd;rsKd;yg&Sdaom taetxm;

jzpfonf/ DDR 2 onf avmavmq,ftajctaewGif aps;EIef;t& ay:jyLvm

tjzpfqHk;jzpfonf/ DDR 3 onf tvGefjrifhrm;aom throughput udk cHpm;cGifh

&Sdaeaomfvnf; tjrifhqHk;aps;EIef;rsm; csdwfqGJxm;vsuf&Sdaeonf/


28


loading jzifh throughput udk ykd&apjcif;

yifjzpfonf/ wu,fwrf; xda&mufap

onfh efficiency rSm avsmhenf;aernf

jzpfaomfvnf; DDR2 ESifh EdIif;pmvQif

tvHk;pHk throughput xGuftm; ydkjrifhpGm

&Sdonfudk jrifawGYMu&onf/ Voltage

edrfhedrfhudk jyoxm;jcif;onf yg0goHk;pGJrI

enf;yg;aMumif; jyoaejcif; jzpfonf/

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twGuf tvGefta&;MuD;vSonf/

þae&mwGif DDR memory rsm;

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enf;[k awG;awmylyefaumif; ylyefrd

Muygvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomf rSm;,Gif;wyf

qifrdp&mtaMumif; r&Sdacs/ taMumif;

rSm memory modules rsm;wGif not-

ches [laom atmufajc&Sd uD;tcsKdifh

av;rsm;udk cGJjcm;zefwD;ay;xm;jcif;

aMumifh jzpfonf/ notches wnf&Sd&m

ae&mcsif; rwlnDMuay/

tu,fí rdrdonf Intel P35

odkYr[kwf G33 chipsets rsm;yg&Sdonfh

DDR3 twGuf toifhjzpfaeaom

motherboards topfrsm;udk 0,f,l

toHk;jyKrnfqdkygu DDR3 modules

udkom wyfqiftoHk;jyK&rnfjzpfonf/

(P35tajcjyK motherboards qdkygu

DDR 2 odkYr[kwf DDR 3 ESpfrsKd;vHk;

twGuf tqifoifh yHhydk;ay;xm;wwf

onf/) System topfwpfckudk 0,f,l

toHk;jyK&mwGif txJwGif DDR3 toHk;jyK

xm;aMumif; azmfjyyg&SdvmcJhvQif rdrd

taejzifh upgrade vkyfonfhtcgDDR

3 udkom xnfh,l&ygvdrfhrnf/ DDR 3

supplier pm&if;rsm;udk jrifawGYvdkygu

www. intel.com/ technology/

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results.htm vdyfpmjzifh tifwmeufwGif

Munhf½IEkdifygonf/

AMD onf Athlon 64 txd

jyD;cJhaomESpf ESpfukefykdif;avmufu

memory xkwfvkyfolrsm;onf Vista udk

upgrade vkyfoltajrmuftjrm; &Sdvm

awmhrnfh memory rsm; ydkí ta&mif;

oGufawmhrnf[k yDwdrsm;pGmjzifh arQmf

vifhxm;cJhMuonf/ Vista \ tvdkt&

GB yrmP memory rsm;udkom awmif;

qdkvmonf/ tenf;qHk; 1GB [k nTef;

qdkxm;cJhojzifh 2 GB ESifhtxuf toHk;

jyKvmzG,f&m&S dcJ honf/ odk YtwGuf

memory 0,ftm;wufvmouJhodk Y

aps;EIef;vnf; usqif;rI&SdcJhygonf/

wpfcs de fwnf;r Smyif wu,fwrf;

vufawGYtaetxm;wGif Vista odkY

ul;ajymif;rIEIef;xm; aES;auG;vsuf&Sdjcif;

aMumifhvnf; aps;EIef;avsmhusp&m

taMumif; jzpfvm&jyefonf/ wpfenf;

qdk&aomf 32 bit urÇmudk pGefYcGmí 64

bit urÇmodkY a&GUvsm;oGm;rIonf aES;

auG;aeojzi f hDDR 2 rsm;vnf;

ta&mif;oGufqJ jzpfaeygao;onf/

rnfodkYyifjzpfap ,ckESpfukefykdif;avmuf

wGif ,ckxuf aps;EIef;rsm; usqif;rI

&SdvmEkdifygvdrfhrnf/

DDR 2 ESifhom wGJ,lEkdifygvdrfhrnf/

rMumrDxkwfvkyfrnfh Phenom proce-

ssor twGufonfyif DDR 2 udkom

toHk;jyKEkdifonf/AMD ukrÜPDrS DDR

2 twGuf ¤if;\CPUs rsm;\ memory

controller csdwfqufrI tpDtpOfudk

2008 ckESpfa&mufrS jyKvkyf&ef vsmxm;

ygonf/

aps;EIef;rsm;usqif;aejcif;

Memory technology rsm;ESifh

ywfouforQ tajccHoabmw&m;rsm;

jcHKiHkrdjyD;aemuf aps;uGuftajctaersm;

udk avhvmMunfh½IEkdifygonf/ odkYrSom

rdrdukd,fwkdif 0,f,ltoHk;jyKonfhtcg

rnfonfh modules udk tav;xm;

0,f,l&rnfudkod&SdoGm;Ekdifrnfjzpfonf/

,aeYtcsdeftxd DDR 2memory

rsm;udk ta&mif;oGufaeonf[k qdkEkdif

aomfvnf; aps;EIef;taetxm;rSm

csKdomvmjyD[k ajymqdkEkdifjcif; r&Sdao;

ay/ DDR3 qdkyguvnf; aps;EIef;rSm

DDR 2 wefzdk;xuf oHk;qcefY&Sdaeonf/

tumtuG,fjyKay;&ef uD;tjzpf xm;&Sdaom notches ae&mrsm;

tay: module onf DDR 2 module jzpfí atmuf module rSm DDR 3

jzpfonf/ edge connector wkdif;wGif key notches jyKvkyfxm;aom ae&m

uGJjym;jcm;em;pGm&SdMuonf/


30


rdrd system ukd jyefvnfoHk;oyfjcif;

Memory awmif;qdkrIaMumifh rdrd

system twGuf memory udk upgrade

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modules udk toHk;jyKxm;aMumif;

Munfh½Ippfaq;&rnfjzpfonf/ tcsdef,l

vkyfukdif&rnf/ Upgrade rvkyfrD back-

up vkyfief;rsm; vkyfaqmifxm;&ef

vdkonf/

rdrd system memory udk ppfaq;

&eftwGuf CPU-Z uJhodkYaom tvG,f

wul toHk;jyKEkdifonfh utility udk toHk;

csoifhonf/ CPU -Z utility udk www.

cpuid.org rS tcrJh &,lEkdifygonf/

CPU -Z udk zGifhMunfhonfhtcg win-

dows av;\ xdyfykdif;wGif&Sd Memory

tab udk ESdyf,lvkdufygu rdrd\ system

memory taMumif; tvHk;pHkudk odcGifh&

oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/

Upgrade vkyfoifhrvkyfoifh

Memory trsKd;tpm;udk odxm;

vkdufjyD;aemuf upgrade vkyfoifhrvkyf

oifhudk pOf;pm;qHk;jzwfEkdifvmygonf/

qdkvdkonfrSm upgrade twGuf tukef

tuscHoifh rcHoifhudpöudk pOf;pm;&rnf/

AMD Athlon 64 ESifh Intel-based

processor ta[mif;wyfqifxm;onfh

System rsm;onf DDR SDRAM

rsm;udkom yrmPtrsKd;rsKd;jzifh toHk;cs

xm;avh&SdMuonf/ (Intel 845 chip-

sets toHk;jyKxm;jcif;udk qdkvdkonf)

¤if;wdkYteuf DDR-266 (PC 2100)

,DDR-333 (PC 2700) ESifh DDR -400

(PC 3200) onf trsm;pkjzpfygvdrfhrnf/

toHk;vG,faom tcr J h utilitymemory tab udk ESdyfvkdufygu rdrd\

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jrifawGY&onf/

qufvufppfaq;jci f ;

SPD tab udk ESdyfvkdufygu rdrd system memory twGuf ydkí

tao;pdwfusaom latency timing tyg t0if owif;tcsuftvufrsm;

awGYjrifEkdifonf/ System memory ESifh ywfoufí xdkYxufydkjyD;

tao;pdwfusus odvkdygu SPD tab udk ESdyfMunfhEkdifygonf/ rated

speeds ESifh latency timing rsm; tygt0if azmfjyay;ygvdrfhrnf/

aiGaMu;ukefusrI oufomap&ef

nTef;qdkay;&rnfqdkygu tu,fí rdrd

onf 1GB yrmPESifhtxuf DDR

SDRAM udk toHk;jyKaevQif xyfrH

0,f,l&ef rvdktyfygay/ taMumif;rSm

DDR 2 rsm;onf Zefe0g&Dvupí

vufcHEkdifaom aps;EIef;avmuftxd

avsmhusvmaomaMumifh jzpfonf/

RDRAM wGif Intel 850 chipset

toHk;jyKxm;aom Intel system a[mif;

wpfckudk &SdoltwGufyif memory ydkxnfh

a&;twGuf 0,f,l&efudpöudk tao

tcsm a&Smifz,fvdkMurnf/ RDRAM

onf aps;vSygonf/ 512 MB

modules wpfpHkpmtwGuf a':vm

500 cefYtxdusoifhEkdifonf/odkYtwGuf

system topfwpfvHk; 0,f,lvkdufjcif;

uyif ydkrdkoifhawmfygvdrfhrnf/


31


"Premium" Memory vdktyfygovm;/

,cktcg premium DDR2

memory twGuf aps;uGuf&Sdaeygao;

onf/ rdrdwdkYtaejzifh value memory

xuf tenf;i,fomvGefap½Hkom&Sd

aom heat spreaders yg&Sdonfh over-

lock vkyfaponfh cHhcHhxnfxnf modu-

les rsm;utp 1.8 V xuf ydkrdk jrifhrm;

jyD; voltage vdktyfaom 533 MHz

(DDR2- 1066) avmuftxd clock

speed &Sdaeaponf/ bleeding-edge

modules rsm;txd a&G;cs,fp&mrsm;

&Sdaeygonf/ rMumao;rDu 2.3V cefY

txd rsm;jym;aom voltage udk toHk;

jyK&onfh PNY EIef;xm;&Sd DDR2

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jrifawGYMu&onf/

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\ tm;omcsufudk odxm;&ef vdktyf

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chips rsm;onf EIef;xm; uGJjym;jcm;em;

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latency timing edrfhpGmjzifh vnfywfEkdif

ygonf/Timing setting rsm; tm;

avsmhoGm;apaMumif; awGY&rnfjzpf

onf/ ¤if;wdkYonf jyifvkduf prf;vdkuf

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Standard-grade memory trsm;

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wGif&Sdonfh latencis edrfhedrfhrsKd;jzifh vnf

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xuf edrfhygonf/ odkYtwGuf premium

memory vdktyfonf[lonfh tqdkjyK

csufudk axmufcH&rnfhoabm jzpfae

onf/ tao;pdwfudk A Shortcut to

Understanding Memory Timings

]]acgif;pOfjzifh azmfjycsufwGif avhvm

Munhf½I Ekdifygonf/

toHk;jyKolrsm;tv,fwGif 1100

MHz odkYr[kwf ¤if;xuf jrefEIef;jrifh

aom memory rsm; &&Sda&;twGuf

wGef;tm;ay;vdkolrsm;vnf; &Sdaumif;

&SdMuygvdrfhrnf/ Overclocker jzpfygu

voltages ykdjrifhaom tajctae&Sd&ef

vnf; vdktyfygvdrfhrnf/ Memory

settings tm;vHk;udk n§pfxkwfay;ap

rnf/ BIOS setup wpfckESifh voltage

regulators tykdif;wdk Y yg&S donf/

Motherboard taumif;pm;wpfck

&Sdxm;&ef ta&;MuD;onf/ Oyrmtm;

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board rsKd;udk qdkvdkonf/ tao;pdwf

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Corsair wdkY yl;aygif;í &Ek diforQ

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access vkyf&ef ydkrdkvG,fuloGm;aprnf/

SPD Chip twGif; ae&mcsxm;rI uif;

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kingston DDR2-800 modules rsm;onf over clocking udk &Ekdifrnf

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xm;cJhMuonf/ SLI-Ready Memory

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Muonf/

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prf;Munfh&rnfh tajctaejzpfonf/


32


EPP memory ESifh system BIOS wdkY

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ay;Ekdifrnfh full profile udk a&G;cs,fEkdif½Hk

rQom ,cktcg &SdaecJhonf/ rnfodkYyif

jzpfap wnfjidrfpGmjzifh vnfywfEkdifa&;

twGufrl tmrcHcsufay;Ekdifygonf/

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csxm;aom motherboards rsm;om

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modules rsm;u EPP &Sdonfh memory

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udk yHhydk;ay;&ef Intel chipsets rsm;

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taumif;qHk;tqifh &Ekdifa&;twGuf

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Premium overclockre twGuf owdjyKp&m

Corsair ESifh PNY wdkYrS xkwfvkyfvmaom DDR 2 memory modules

rsm;jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf extra speed udk vufcHay;onfhtjyif

lower latencies udkvnf; cGifhjyKxm;onf/ Corsair kit qdkygu 2GB twGuf

a':vm 610 rS 650 twGif; ukefusEkdifí PNY kit qdkygu 2GB twGuf

a':vm 310 cefY &Sdonf/


34


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DDR2-800 -5-5-5-15 [k a&;om;xm;csuftay:

rnfodkYem;vnf&rnfudk rodEkdifaom tajctaersKd; &Sdaumif;

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access vkyfxm;jyD;jzpfaomtcg strobing cycle rS rlao

tcsdef owfrSwfcsufudk &,lxm;aponf/

tCL - Column Address strobe (CAS) rS latency udk

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tcsKdUudkdata \ &nfnTef;aom column wpfckudk

access vkyfa&;twGuf vdktyfygonf/ (t [laom

tp pmvHk;onf tcsdefudk &nfnTef;ygonf)

tRCD - Rows Address strobe (RAS) rS CAS delay udk

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wpfckudk access vkyfa&;twGuf clock cycle

ta&twGuftcsKdU vdktyfygonf/

DRAM rSmyg&Sdonfh label ay:wGif em;vnfap&ef

cGJjcm; azmfjyrnfqdkygu 800 onf effective clock speed

\ megahertz yrmPudk nTef;qdkxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ Clock

cycle wpfckwGif trSefwu,f&Sdaeaom clock speeds

ta&twGuf EIef;xm;jzpfonf/ [(DDR2 twGuf clock

cycle wpfckwGif 4 sample &Sdonf) [k nTef;qdk&eftwGuf

200 MHz x 4 [k rSwf,lEkdifonf] DDR2-800 wGif 6.4GBps

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oef;csDvkyfaqmifay;onf/ Latency ESifh memory speed

wdkY tvJtvS,f vkyfay;Muonf/ Oyrm tm;jzifh DDR2-

667 memory modules onf 5-5-5-13 \ Latencies ESifh

333 MHz wGif vnfywfjcif;? odkYr[kwf DDR 2-533 onf4-

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settings ESpfckpvHk;twGuf twlwl jrifaeapygonf/

Premium memory taejzifh clock speeds jrifhjrifhESifh

latencies enf;enf;jzifh vnfywfEkdif&ef t&nftcsif; &Sdaeyg

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premiun memory u yHhydk;ay;Ekdifonfh *drf;rsm; media

decoding rsm;ESifh 3D rendering wdkYtwGuf memory

latencies ESifh ywfoufaeygonf/

A Shortcut To Understanding Memory Timings


35


rMumao;rDu memory xkwfvkyf

olrsm;onf 4 GB DDR2 -800 memory

kits rsm;udk EkdifiHwumokdY wifydkYa&mif;cs

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Kingston KHX 6400 D 2 LLK 2/4 G

kit (DDR2 -800 speed) udk P5B

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ESifh system rsm; wpfaeYxufwpfaeY

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owif;aumif;wpfck rSm Intel P35

ESifh G 33 Core logic chipset rsm;onf

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memory rsm;udk toHk;jyKEk difonf

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awmifhwolrsm;twGuf aps;EIef;ouf

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onf/ aemifwGifvnf; qufvufí

tydkaqmif; memory3 GB ausmf xda&mufpGm toHk;jyKEkdifaprnfh kingston ESifh Super Talent wdkYrS

xkwfvkyfaom 4 GB DDR2 kits rsm;jzpfonf/ Speed taetxm;onf

motherboard ESifh BIOS rsm;tay: rlwnfí tajymif;tvJ &SdEkdifonf/ Kingston

4 GB kit twGuf a':vm 380 usoifhí Super Talent 4 GB kit qdkygu 270

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board ukd upgrade vkyfoGm;Ekdifap

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aprnfh Intel CPU wpfckudk wyfqif,l

awmhrnf jzpfonf/ odkYaomf DDR3

modules rsm;\ aps;EIef;onf tcsdef

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a&;udkrl oHk;pGJoltaygif;rS iHhvifhae&

rnfrSm taotcsmyifjzpfaMumif; wifjy

vkduf&ygonf/


[Ref: PC Magazine August 21]


38

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42

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44

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45

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46

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rSm vkyfMuHay;awmhr,f/

olwdkY[m rdkbdkif;vf malware

wDxGifzefwD;olawGudk pdwf

rxdef;Edkifavmufatmif rsm;

jym;jyD; owdrrlwwfwJh ypf

rSwfawG jzpfapawmhrSmyJ/

yDpDAdkif;&yfpfawG PC vi-

ruses u oifcef;pmwpfck

&vdkufwmuqdk&if ypfrSwf

yd k MuD;av rw&m; pro-

grammer awGtwGuf

qJGaqmifrI ydkrsm;av jzpf

w,f/ Desktop malware

awG&JU trsm;pk[m ae&m

tESHYtjym;u rdkufu½dkaqmhzf

0if;'d k;pf;pepf ay:rSmom

tvkyfjzpfMuw,f/ 'Dtwdkif;

yJ 'DrQavmuf vTihfxkwfcJhjyD;

rdkbdkif;vfydk;rTm; tm;vHk;eJY

(toH k;0ifw,f xif&jyD;

wu,fwrf;rSm zH k ;uG,f

xm;wJh rorm code udk

xnhf,lxm;wJh program

wpfc k jzp fwJ h ) Trojan

Horses awG[m Nokia wdkY

Samsung wd k Y ? Sony

Eriesson wdkY Motorola wdkY

tygt0if urÇmtES H Yu

smartphones awG&JU 70

&mcdkifEIef;udk aqmif&Gufay;

wJh symbian vkyfaqmifrI

pepfudk ul;pufwmjzpfw,f/

,SOfMunfhvdkuf&if Micro-

soft &JU tdwfaqmif PC

'grSr[kwf Windows Mo-

bile wdkY Palm &JU Treo wdkY

'grSr[kwf Research in

Motion &JU Black Berry

ud&d,mawGudk tenf;i,f

rQavmufom &SdwJh mal-

ware trsK d ;tpm;awGu

ul;pufwm jzpfw,f/ 'D

qifbD,efbufvdkufwm[m

bmaMumihf rdkbdkif;vf mal-

ware [m symbian toHk;

rsm;wJh Oa&myeJY ta&SUawmif

tm&Sr Sm avmavmq,f

trsm;qHk; jzpfyGm;aomfvnf;

ajrmuftar&duwdkY *syefwdkYeJY

awmifudk&D;,m;wdkYrSm ydkenf;

&w,fqdkwmudk wpfpdwf

wpfa'otm;jzihf ajz&Sif;&m

a&mufw,f/ajrmuftar&du

rSm&S dwJ h q,fvlvmvkyf

aqmifwJh ukrÜPDrsm;[m

olwdk Y&JU aps;uGufawGudk

trsKd;pHkwJh uGefysLwmpepf

wdkif;rSm ydkrdknDrQpGm ysHUESHYap

cJ h jy D; jzpfw,f/ *syefeJ Y

udk&D;,m;aps;uGufawGudk

linux tajccHz ke f;awGu

tawmfMumMumuyJ vTrf;rdk;

xm;cJhawmh tJ'D u,f&D,m

awGu oHk;pGJolawG olwdkY

zkef;awGrSm wyfqifEdkifwJh ap-

u [,fqifuD&Sd uGefysLwmvHkjcHKa&;ukrÜPDjzpfaom F-secure &JU

okawoet&m&Sd jzpfygw,f/ ¤if;ukrÜPDu rkdbdkif;vfzkef; jyKvkyfolawGeJY network

operators awGudk tMuHay;w,f/ olY&JU Akdif;&yfpfESdrfESif;a&;tzGJU[m 15 ESpftwGif;

Akdif;&yfpf 'gZifaygif;rsm;pGmudk yxrqHk; &SmazGazmfxkwfEkdifchJí ESdrfESif;owfjzwfchJw,f/

2000 jynhfESpfu emrnfqkd;eJY ausmfMum;vSaom loveletter worm tygt0if jzpfw,f/

uGefysLwmvHkjcHKa&;eJY ywfoufvkdY pmtkyfESpftkyf yl;wGJa&;om;chJol [pfykdeif[m

rdkufu½kdaqmhzf? FBI? US Secret Service eJY UK u paumhwvef,m'f tzGJUawGudk

tultnDawG ay;aew,f/

rl

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pm

a&;

ol

rpfukd[pfykdeif


48

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

uGefysLwmawGr Sm usoifhaiGacspepf wpfygwn f;

built-in tjyD;rygb l;/ rdkbdkif;vfzkef;awGr Smawmh

ygw,f/ q k d;oGrf;npfywfo lawGu ' D featuret* Fg&yfr S tusK d;tjrwfxkwfvmwm umv

Mum& Sn fv SjyDyJ/

plication trsKd;tpm;awGudk

wif;wif;usyfusyf csKyfcs,f

xm;&Sdw,f/

u,f&D,m ukrÜPDawG

u ,cktcgrSm q,fvlvm

0,f,lolawGudk 'Dul;pufrI

awG tESHYtjym; jzpfvmwJh

txd apmih faer,f htpm;

rd kbd kif;vfAd kif;&yfpfawGudk

b,fvdk rSwfom;jyD; a&Smif&Sm;

&r,fqdkwm pjyD; ynmay;

wmurS oih favQmfrSmyg/

zkef;jyKvkyfolrsm;u ,cktcg

PC xkwfvkyfolawG vkyf

ovdk Adkif;&yfpfumuG,fwJh

software udk rysufruGuf

xnfhoGif; wyfqifay;oihf

w,f/ 'ghtjyif pnf;urf;

owfrSwfolawGeJY zkef;ukrÜPD

awG[mvnf; aps;uGufudk

software wpfrsKd;wnf;u

vTrf;rdk;xm;wmrsKd; rjzpfap

wJ h smartphones awG

twGuf taxGaxG tjym;

jym; trsKd;pHkrIudk tm;ay;

vdkufjcif;tm;jzihf PC awGudk

taESmihft,Sufay;wJh wpf

rsKd;wnf; MuD;pdk;wJhpepfudk

a&Smif&Sm;&mrSm ulnDay;EdkifrSm

jzpfw,f/

taysmf'ku©ay;wmawGuae

&mZ0wfrIqD

trSefrSm trsKd;pHk axG

axG jym;jym;&SdrI[m ESpfzuf

emygw,f/ r,fvf0J mal-

ware [mvnf; tcs de f

tawmfMumuwnf;u rsKd;

pdwf topfawG rvJTra&Smif

om jywfawmufuGJjym;cJh&

w,f/ rsKd;pdwftopfawGu

tjrJvdk rsm;rsm;vmwJh enf;

vrf;aygif;pHkeJY toHk;0ifwJh

software udk wdkufcdkufjyD;

zsufqD;awmhw,f/ PC rSm

qdk&if apmapmydkif; Adkif;&yfpf

awGudk Trojans awG? ydk;rTm;

awG ? spyware (=oif

Munfh½I&m websites awG

taMumif; owif; tcsuf

tvufawGudk wdwfwqdwf

cdk;ul;wJh software) eJY rMum

ao;cifurS phishing (=

owdrrlwwfoludk pum;

0SufawG? b@ma&;qdkif&m

tao;pdwfawG 'grSr[kwf

wjcm;yk*¾vdutcsuftvuf

awG xkwfazmfatmif qGJ

aqmifwJh rorm web-page

wdkY e-mail wdkY 'grSr[kwf

text message wdkYeJY) wdkuf

cdkufrIawGu vmjyD; yl;aygif;

w,f/ 2003 ckESpf uwnf;

u yDpDawGay:rSm ay:vmwJh

malware topf[m taESmihf

t,SufjyK½Hk oufoufxuf

tusKd;tjrwf &vdkrItwGuf

a&;cJ hwmyg/ ,cktcgrSm

cyber &mZ0wfaumif *dkPf;

tzJGUawG wpfurÇmvHk;rSm

qifETJaeMuw,f/ olcdk;awG

u b@ma&; tcsuf

tvufawG? vkyfief;qdkif&m

vQdKU0SufcsufawG 'grSr[kwf

uGefysLwm t&if;tjrpf re-

sources awGudk crimeware

oHk;jyD; cdk;,ljcif;tm;jzifh aiG&

ayguf &SmMuw,f/ Spam

vkyfolawGu hacked vkyf

xm;wJh pufawG&JU 'botnets'

awGudk e-mail trsm;tjym;

ydkYzdkYeJY phishing scans awG

ydkYzddkY wyfqifMuw,f/ 'Dawmh

aiGn§pfolawGu ukrÜPD

wpfck&JU web 'grSr[kwf e-

mail servers awGudk ydwfypf

wJh digital ysufpD;rI 'grS

r[kwf virtual blockades

awG vkyfypfr,fqdkwJh jcdrf;

ajcmufrIeJY qufaMu;awmif;

Muawmhw,f/ wcsKdUwdkif;

jynfawGrSm cyber &mZ0wf

aumifawG[m tjriftm;jzihf

oGm;xdvdkY r&bl;? bmaMumihf

vJqdkawmh tmPmydkifawG[m

enf;ynm uRrf;usifrI? ynm

&Sif t&if;tjrpfawG 'grS

r[kwf uGefysLwm&mZ0wfrI

awG wm;qD;wJh Oya'awG

vdkufem aqmif&Gufcsifpdwf

r&SdMuvdkYyJ/

tusKd;tjrwftwGuf

Adkif;&yfpfa&;xnhfrI rsm;jym;

vmovd k ? jyi f ;xefwJ h

rdkbdkif;vf malware wdkuf

cdkufrIawG jzpfvmEdkifp&m

uvnf; wdk;jrihfvmw,f/

tqHk;rSmawmh pDpOfvdkufwJh

zkef;tac:wdkif;eJY ydkYvdkufwJh

text 'grSr[kwf multimedia

message wdkif;[mvnf;

aiGaMu;vTJajymif;rIwpfckyJ/

'g[m tusKd;tjrwftwGuf

vky fwJ h hackers awGe J Y

Adkif;&yfpfa&;oGif;olawGtwGuf

aiG0ifzdkY tcGihftvrf; tvm;

tvm ydwfr&atmif yGihfoGm;

apw,f/ uGefysLwmawGrSm

aiGawmif;cHpepfudk twGif;

rSm tjyD; ryg&Sdyg/ 'gayr,fh

rdkbdkif;vfzkef;awGu ygw,f/

rormolawGu 'Dt*Fg&yfudk

rMumcif tjrwfxkwfMuvdrhf

r,f/

tenf;qHk;wpfcku cH&

jyD;om;yg/ Red Browser

trnf&SdwJh Trojans wpfcku

,if; ul;pufwJh zkef;wpfvHk;


50

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

qDuae½k&Sm;EdkifiHxJueHygwf

wpfckudk tqufrjywf text

messages awG wpfoDMuD;

ydkYvTwfawmh toHk;jyKolu

zkef;udk &yfqkdif; ypfvdkuf&wJh

txdyJ/ Message wpfckpDudk

ig;a':vmavmuf&SdwJh aps;

jrih fEIef;eJY wGufawmh uH

raumif;olcrsm wefzdk;MuD;

MuD; aiGawmif;cHvTm ay;acs

&awmhw,f/ wcsK dUq,f

vlvm u,f&D,mukrÜPDawG

[m olwdkY&JU oHk;pGJolawGudk

w&m;0if cGihfjyKrxm;wJh 'Dvdk

aiGvTJ yd k Yay;rIrsm;twGuf

wm0ef,l&r,fvdkY udkifxm;

awmh olwdkYu aiGvTJajymif;rI

vkyfwJ htcg aps;jrif hEIef;

eHygwfudkyd kifwJ h &mZ0wf

aumifawGu 'Daps; jri f h

aiGaMu;udk aumufcH &&SdoGm;

w,f/ uHaumif;wmuawmh

Reb Browser udk ½k&Sm;EdkifiH

twGif;rSmom tckxd awGU&

ao;w,f/

'D t awm t wGif;

ajrmuftar&duaps;uGufawG

u 0efaqmifrIay;&m vkyf

ief;MuD;MuD;awGu ]rdkbdkif;vf

ydkufqHtdwfrsm;} udk xkwf

vkyf rdwfqufzdkY tpjyKae

Muw,f/ oHk;pGJolawG[m

txl; fomat vkyfxm;wJh

text message awG ydkYjcif;

tm;jzihf olwdkYaiGpm&if;awG

xJu aiGaMu;awGudk tjcm;

olwdk YxH vTJajymif;ay;zd k Y

olwdkY&JU zkef;awGudk toHk;jyK

Edkifayvdrhfr,f/ 'pf*spfw,f

aiGay;ukrÜPDMuD;wpfckjzpfwJh

PayPal u toHk;jyKolawG

olwdkY&JUzkef;awGoHk;jyD; ypönf;

awG 0,fcGihfjyKwJh tvm;wl

0efaqmifrIwpfck ay;xm;

w,f/ tJ'Dvdk 0efaqmifrIawG

[m malware a&;olawGtzdkY

tjyif;txef pdwf0ifpm;rI

jzpfapEdkifygw,f/

rdkbdkif;vf malware &JU

pdwful;&mrSm ÓPfeD ÓPf

euf &SdrIeJY rdkbdkif;vfzkef;awG

&JU enf;ynmydkif;a&m? aiG

aMu;ydkif; wwfEdkifrIawG ESpf

zufvHk; wdk;wufvmawmh

uRefawmfwdk Y[m vmr,fh

ESpfESpfrSm jrefjrefqefqef

ta&;,l aqmif&GufzdkYyJ &Sd

w,f/ ,ck vIyf&Sm; aqmif

&GufrIawG[m rd kbd ki f;vf

malwares awG ,if;wdkY&JU

rzHGUjzdK;ao;cifrSm jyD;awmh

smartphone services

awGuvnf; ,if;wdkY&JU yHkpH

udk tawmftoihf ajymif;

vG,f jyifvG,f jzpfEdkifwkef;

rSm wGef;vSefz,f&Sm;ypfEdkifrSm

jzpfygw,f/ 'gayr,fh 'D

tcGih fta&; vpf[mrI[m

tcsdefMumMumawmh yGihfae

r,f r[kwfaybl;/

a&SUrSm tEÅ&m,fawG ydkrsm;

rorm aESmifh,Sufol

hackers awGu smart-

phone awGeJY ajAmif;qef

atmif tMuD;tus,f aESmifh

,Sufrvmao;ayr,fh aESmihf

,SufEdkifr,fh enf;vrf;awG

udk pOf;pm;Munhf&if tvsif

pvd kvkyfz d k Y taMumif;u

&Sif;aeygw,f/ Personal

Computer awGrSm tqdk;qHk;

vufonfrsm;pGm[m spam

awGudk internet rSm xkwf

vTihfzdkY e-mail u wpfqihf

'grSr[kwf ul;pufcHxm;&

wJh pufawGu wpfqihf ysHUESHY

apvd kufw,f/ Smart-

phones awGtwGuf xkwf

vTif hay;vdkufwJ h Oya'rJ h

program awG wpfckrQ ,ck

xd tJ'Dypönf;awG&JU e-mail

ydkYEdkifpGrf;udk tjrwfxkwf,l

EdkifpGrf; r&Sdao;bl;/ r,fvf0J

malware [m e-mail quf

oG,fa&; ud&d,mwpfckvdk

ysHUESHYapEdkifrSm 'grSr[kwf zkef;

awGudk spams awG ydkYaewJh

robots awGtjzpf ajymif;Edkif

r Smuawmh tem*wfr Sm

rvGJ{uefyg/

Spyware [m y Dp D

e,fy,frSm tvsiftjref

aygufzGm;aewJh aemufxyf

jyóemwpfckjzpfjyD; oD;oefY

aESmihf,SufrIuif;uif;aevdkrI

udk zsufqD;ypfzdkY zkef;awGrSm

cdk;aMumifcdk;0Suf0ifr,fh soft-

ware twGuf tvm;tvmyJ

qdkwm odomw,f/ ,ckxd

tJ'Dvdk program rsKd; vuf

wpfqkyfpmrQom awGU&ao;

w,f/ FlexiSpy vdkY ac:wJh

wpfckuqdk&if zkef;tac:awG?

phone calls eJY multimedia

message awGudk yHkrSeftaeeJY

rjrif&bJ ydkYvnf;ydkY vufcH

vnf; vufcHjyD; wwd,

wpfzG JUqDud k yd k Yaeav&JU?

cdk;em;axmifwJh olu olvQdK

vky faewJ h program udk

download vkyfjyD; install

Smart Phone zkef;rsm;twGuf tumtuG,faqmhzf0JtcsKdU

ukrÜPD y½kd*&rftrnf taxmuftyhHay;rnfh OS

50


51

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

vkyfzdkY&m 'Dzkef;qDudk physi-

cal access &&S dxm;zd k Yvd k

w,f/

cdk;em;axmifwwfwJh 'D

tjyKtrlrsKd;udk olwdkYbmom

udk,fyGm;wJh Adkif;&yfpfawGxJ

hackers awGu xnfhoGif;

ay;zdkYawmh b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf

odyfMumjrihfEdkifr,f r[kwf

yg/ toHzrf;,lEdkifpGrf; t*Fg

&yf yg&SdwJh zkef;topfawGeJY

qdk&if malware u pum;

ajymwmawG zrf;,ljyD;awmh

yk*¾dKvfa&; raumif;owif;

jzefYwwfol wpfa,mufqD

zrf;,lwmawG vTih fay;zd k Y

'Dt*Fg&yfawGtay: tvG,f

wul acgif;yHkjzwf tjrwf

xkwf rvkyfEdkifap&bl;qdkwm

pdwfcs&atmif xkwfvkyfol

awG owdMuD;pGm xm;oihfay

w,f/

'Dae&mrSm aysmhuGuf&Sd

wJh pufwpfckxJudk rdkbdkif;vf

malware u olYbmom

xnfhoGif;zdkY programming

bug trSm;awG 'grSr[kwf

vHkjcHKa&;yHkpHxkwf tm;enf;

csufawGudk acgif;yH k jzwf

tjrwfxkwfwmqdkvdkY ,ck

txd xGufay:jyD; rdkbdkif;vf

malware yHkpH 300 ausmf

teufu wpfckrQ r&Sdao;wJh

tcsuf[m tHhtm;oihfp&m

ygyJ/ 'g[m rsm;pGmaom PC

Adkif;&yfpfawGeJY Trojan awG

twGuf pHjzpfaewJh vkyfenf;

vkyf[efjzpfwmMumjyD/

,cktxdawmh rdkbdkif;vf

malware a&;oGif;olawG

[m ]vlrIa&;tif*sifeD,m

ynm&yf}rSmom oD;jcm; tm;

xm;cJhwmyg/ wpfenf;tm;

jzifh oHk;pGJolawGu olwdkY&JU

zkef;awGrSm rvdkwrm pro-

gram xnfhoGif;rIudk vdkvdk

vm;vm; cGihfjyKvmatmif

vSnfhjzm;jcif;yg/ wcsKdUu

olwdkYudk,folwdkY toHk;0ifwJh

pDpOfrIawG 'grSr[kwf vdkcsif

wJh *drf;awGtjzpf udk,fa&mif

azsmuf zH k;uG,fMuw,f/

'gayr,fh wcsKdU txl;ojzifh

Bluetooth u wpfqih f

ysHUESHYwJh Cabir eJY Comm

Warrior wdkYu r[kwfbl;/

vlrsm;pGm[m ud&d,mu

vHkjcHKa&; tEÅ&m,f&SdaMumif;

owday;jyD; jyifyu soft-

ware udk vufrcHzdkY tcGihf

ta&; olwk d Yud k ay;wm

awmifrS files awGudk vufcH

vdkufMuw,f/ 'DAdkif;&yfpfawG

tul;pufcHvdkuf&wJh olawG

ud k uRe fawmfe J Y wjcm;

okawoDwdkYu ar;cGef;xkwf

ygw,f/ cifAsm;bmaMumifh

'yes' udk ESdyfwmvJ/ Mum;ae

us tajzuawmh yxrolwdkY

rESdyfbl;? olwdkY 'no' udk a&G;yg

w,f/ 'gayr,fh 'DrSmwif

ar;cGef;u rSefom;jyifrSm

csufcsif; ay:vma&m? ydk;rTm;

wpfck[m tajzwpfcktwGuf

no udk r,lbl;qdkwm oif

od w,f/ 'Dawmh ,if;u

rdkbdkif;vf Malware awG&JU aESmifh,Suf zsufqD;rIrsm;

trnf ul;pufyHk trsKd;tpm;ESifh enf;vrf; oufa&mufrI

Cabir Worm trsKd;tpm;/ tjcm; Bluetooth ud&d,mokdY tjcm;qufoG,f&m bluetooth &Sd r&Sd

(discovered qufoG,fí olYukd,fol aumfyDyGm; 0ifa&mufw,f/ tjrJrjywf scan vkyfaevkdY zkef;&JU bufx&Dtm;

June 2004) ukefoGm;w,f/

CommWarrior Worm trsKd;tpm;/ Bluetooth rSwpfqifh yGm;w,f/ tcsKdU user awG[m worm rS ydkYvTwfwhJ MMS file(discovered olYukd,fol MMS zkdiftaeeJY zkef;eJY address book wkdif;twGuf usoifhaiG ay;ae&w,f/ Worm rsKd;uGJ

March 2005) xJu eHygwfawGqDokdY ykdYvTwfw,f/ 0ifvmwhJ SMS wpfckuawmh zkef;udk vHk;0 oHk;r&atmif vkyfypfw,f/

(text) eJY MMS messages awGukd tvkdtavsmuf

jyefvnfajzMum;whJtcg jzpfyGm;w,f/ jzKwfwyfvkdY&whJ

memory card rSm olYukd,fol aumfyDyGm; 0ifa&mufw,f/

aemuf zkef;ay:u tjcm; y½kd*&rf installation files awG

txJ xnhfoGif;w,f/

Doomboot Trojan horse trsKd;tpm;/ Doom 2 video game zkef;udk boot wufvmjcif;rS wm;qD;jyD; Cabir eJY

(discovered version wpfrsKd; ta,mif aqmifxm;w,f/ user rS ¤if;udk CommWarrior awG zkef;ay: installs vkyfay;w,f/

july 2005) download vkyf? install vkyfapzkdY jrLqG,fw,f/

FlexiSpy Spyware trsKd;tpm;/ tifwmeuf download enf;eJY zkef;ac:qkdrIrsm;pGm jyKvkyfjyD; text eJY MMS message

(discovered ul;pufw,f/ zkef;ykdif&Sifr[kwfbJ tjcm;olwpfa,mufrS aumfyDawGudk pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;oHk; server tay:

March 2006) install vkyfjcif; jzpfygw,f/ ydkYvTwfw,f/ rqdkifwhJolawGu ukd,fa&; tcsufawG

&&SdoGm;wmaygh/


52

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

oHk;pGJoltaeeJY Bluetooth

udk jzwfawmufzdk Y menu

option pdwfMudKufa&G;csdef

ray;awmhwmyJ/

0rf;enf;p&maumif;

wmuawmh smartphone

trsm;pk&JU topfqHk;yHkpHrsm;

rSmawmif wpfOD;wpfa,muf

u file transfer udk vufcH

wJhtxd ('grSr[kwf oHk;pGJol

u ul;pufcH&wJh ypönf;tae

eJY bmawmif;qdkcsuf ydkYwmyJ

jzpf jzpf tvSrf;rrD&mqD

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malware out-break awG

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ware &mZ0wfrIawG ajc&m

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atmif? ajymif;vJvmatmif

vkyfwJhenf;eJY avhvmaeyg

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design awGrSmyg tm;enf;

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w,f/ uRefawmfwdkY 'D[m

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awGu 'D[muGufudk acgif;yHk

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OD;cGef&J

Ref : Scientific AmericanNovember, 2006.


54

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55

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56

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56


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plasma HDTV trsKd;tpm;jzpfonf/ tcsKdUaom

aemufqHk;ay: high-resolution wyf flat-panel

display trsKd;tpm;rsm;xuf pixels avsmhenf;rI&Sdonf/

odkYaomfvnf; xl;uJcHhnm;aom contrast ESihf multimedia

file twGuf tvG,fwul yHhydk;Edkifjcif;jzifh tpm;xdk;

ay;xm;jcif;aMumifh toHk;jyKrnfholtMudKuf

jzpfoGm;aponf/ tav;csdeftm;jzihf 89 'or 7 aygifcefY

av;onf/ acsmarGU ajymifvufaom teufa&mif

abmifuGyfxm;jyD; atmufajcwGif Samsung logo

wHqdyfudk wyfay;xm;um ¤if;atmufwGif yg0gcvkwf

yg&Sdonf/ qufoG,frIrsm;twGuf xl;jcm;csufrSm

Cable CARD slot wpfckwGif USB port wpfckESifh

flash memory card slots ESpfckwdkY yg&Sdvmjcif; jzpfonf/

odkYtwGuf 'pf*spfw,f yHk&dyfrsm;ESihf tjcm; rD'D,m

yav,mrsm;udk wdkuf½dkuf csdwfquf toHk;jyKEdkifaponf/

Ports rsm;taejzifh HDMI ESpfck? Component port ESpfck?

Composite ESpfck? RF ESpfck S-Video ESpfckwdkYvnf;

yg0ifxm;onf/ tm;enf;csufwpfckrSm screen jynfh

yHkpHjzihf widescreen programming (SD odkYr[kwf HD)

qGJqefYay;EdkifrI r&Sdjcif;yifjzpfonf/ xdkYtwl video noise

rsm; ½kwfw&uf ay:xGufvmwwfouJhodkY tarSmifcef;jzifh

jyoaom AD'D,dk½kyf&Sifrsm; Munfh&mwGif tenf;i,f

csKdU,Gif;csuf&Sdonf/ jrifuGif;tus,frSm 42 vufr[k

owfrSwfxm;aom plasma trsKd;tpm;jzpfonf/ ¤if;\

owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm a':vm 2ç800 cefYjzpfonf/

42 vufr

iPod qufET,fypönf;av; wpfrsKd; jzpfonf/ iPod docks

[lí owfrSwfEdkifygonf/ 'DZdkif;yHkpH toGiftjyifrSm

ESpfvdkYzG,f aumif;vSaomfvnf; toHxGuf t&nftaoG;

rSm pdwfwdkif;us jzpfrvmcJhay/ iPod video udk 8 'or

5 vufrt&G,f screen jzihf MunfhEdkif&eftwGuf a':vm

350 cefY xyfrH &if;ESD;&r,fhoabm jzpfaeapygonf/

toHk;jyK& vG,fulatmif pDpOfxm;ay;onf/

½kyfjrifoHMum;pufMuD;jzifh xyfrH qufoG,f toHk;jyKEdkif&ef

S-Video out yg&SdjyD; Camcorders rsm;jzihfvnf;

wdkuf½dkuf qufoG,f toHk;csEdkifygonf/ odkY&mwGif

audio out rygay/ Display \ resolution rSm

480 x 240 &Sdonf/ Altec Lansing iMV712 av;

taejzifh iPod Video udk tm;jyK xkwfvkyfcJhonf

qdkaomfvnf; wu,fwrf; vufawGUtm;jzifh

taysmfwrf; AD'D,dkuifr&mjzifh ½dkuful;&&Sdcsufrsm;udk

ppfaq;Munfh½IrItwGuf toHk;jyK&efqdkygu

ydkrdkoihfawmfrnfh tajctaejzpfonf/

iPod video Munfh&eftwGuf

8 'or 5 vufr t&G,ftpm;

LCD screen


60

NEW PRODUCTS

Gatget tdrfwGif;toHvTihfpepf[k ac:qdkEdkifouJhodkY

zoneplayer [kvnf; ac:qdkEdkifygonf/ tdrfwGif; audio

system udk MudK;rJhpepfjzihf tcef;rsm;wGif a0iS oHk;pGJEdkif

ap&ef pDpOf aqmif&Gufay;xm;aom ud&d,mjzpfonf/

xdkpepfrsKd;tm;jzifh tqdkyg,lepfrsKd; wyfqifygu

pyDumryg a':vm 1ç000 cefY ukefusEdkifp&mtaMumif;

&Sdonf/ Intelli Touch Eos Wireless udk toHk;csygu

main unit twGuf a':vm 300 om usoihfrnfjzpfjyD;

tydkaqmif;pyDumwpfvHk;pDtwGuf a':vm 150 pDom

usygvdrhfrnf/ ¤if;wGif iPod dock tjzpf toihfoHk;Edkif&ef

pDpOfay;xm;onf/ rlv toHxGuf ud&d,mESifh pyDumrsm;

tMum; 20 ms om aemufusaernfjzpfonf/ tjcm;

tcef;rsm;wGif wyfqifxm;aom pyDumrsm;twGuf

64 ms aemufusaeygvdrhfrnf/ tuGmta0; twdkif;twm

t& ay 150 twGif; MudK;rJhpepfjzifh ydkifydkifEdkifEdkif ydkYvTwf

ay;Edkifygonf/ ¤if;twGuf Giga Wave Technology udk

oHk;xm;ay;onf/ Eos \ toHxGufEIef;onf tHhMozG,f

aumif;avmufatmif &Sdaeaomfvnf; remote xdef;csKyfrIrSm

tuefYtowf&Sdaeonf/ pHcsdefpHñTef;t& tcef;av;cef;

txd pyDumrsm;qDodkY ydkYvTwfEdkifrnfjzpfonf/

xl;qef;zG,f&mrSm dock wGif wyfqifxm;aom pyDumrS

xGufonfh toHxuf tjcm;pyDumrsm;rSxGufaom

toHu ydkaumif;aeygonf/ tm;enf;csufrSm

visual alert ryg&Sday/ AC adapters wGif yg&Sdvmaom

aub,fvfMudK;rSm tawmftwef wdkaeonf/

iPods twGuf toHk;jyK&ef xkwfvkyfvmaom combo

drive av; jzpfonf/ iSkin Cerulean RX & TX wdkYu

aw;*DwoHrsm;udk MudK;rJhpepfjzifh xdef;csKyf aqmif&Gufay;

onf/ tiny transmitter (TX) ESifh reciver (RX) wdkY

yg&SdjyD; TX udk iPod wGif wyfqifxm;&onf/ TX ESifh

RX wdkYtMum; 65 aytxd cGihfjyKxm;onf/ pwdkif

INTELLITOUCH EOS WIRELESSpyDum,lepfrsm;qDodkY iPod dock

rS MudK;rJhpepfjzihf ydkYvTwfay;onf/

Volume ESifh

Source tjyif

mute twGuf

xdef;csKyf cvkwf

rsm; yg&Sdonf/

ISKIN CERULEAN RX & TX COMBO

usvSaom iPod udk toHk;jyK&mwGif tvGefpwdkifusaprnfh

MudK;rJh pepfoHk; ud&d,mav;rsm;jzpfayonf/ xdkuJhodkY

toHk;jyKjcif;jzihf iPod onfyif Control wpfcktoGif

a&mufoGm;apawmhonf/ cGihfjyKtuGmta0;rSmvnf; trsm;

vufcH auseyfEdkifaom tajctaejzpfonf/ iPod tpm;

yDpDuGefysLwmjzihfjzpfap? yef;oD;uGefysLwmjzifhjzpfap

wGJzuf toHk;jyKEdkifygao;onf/ pyDumESifh toHxGuf

,lepfwdkYtMum; ½Iyf½IyfaxG;axG; MudK;rsm;ryg aqmif&Guf

Edkifjcif;aMumifh smart home rsm;wGif txl; vdkufavsm

nDaxG jzpfaeapygonf/ ¤if;ESihftwl USB cables rsm;

yg&Sdvmygonf/ odkYtwGuf uGefysLwmESihf qufoG,frI

twGuf ylyifp&mrvdktyfawmhay/ tm;enf;csufrSm high-

frequency &Sdvmwdkif; toHt&nftaoG; rodrom

usoGm;wwfonf/ uGefysLwmrsm;rSvGJí iPod rSwpfyg;

tjcm; docks rsm;ESifh wGJzuf toHk;jyKEdkifjcif; r&Sday/

RX ESifh TX combo wpfpHkpmtwGuf owfrSwf

a&mif;aps;rSm 150 a':vmcefYom jzpfonf/

iPod docks wGif

wyfqifxm;&onfh

Receiver

iPod wGif

csdwfxm;&onfh

Transmitter


62

Sprint Muziq LX 570

od&Sdap&ef tcsufjy alert pepfwyfxm;jcif;onfvnf;

MudKufESpfoufpzG,faumif;vSayonf/ tjcm;tjcm;aom

w,fvDzkef;rsm;enf;wl 1.3 mega pixel uifr&mudkvnf;

wyfqifay;xm;ygonf/ yg&Sdvmaom cvkwfrsm;

keypad rsm;rSmvnf; touch-sensitive pepfudk

oHk;xm;onf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm

a':vm 300 cefY jzpfonf/

Vibration yg music

buttons rsm;

4 GB

yrmP

0ifqHhaom

memorycard

aw;*DwpGJrufolrsm;twGuf xkwfvkyfa&mif;cscJhonfh

music phone jzpfonf/ Apple xkwf fancy device rsm;

\ aps;EIef;xuf rsm;pGmavsmhenf;aernfjzpfaomfvnf;

tvSty yHkpH'DZdkif;wdkYrSm odyfruGmjcm;vSay/ odkYtwGuf

w,fvDzkef;\ trnfudkyif Sprint Muziq [lí

LG ukrÜPDrS ay;cJhonf/ ¤if;onf Windows Media

Player rS wdkuf½kduf aumuf,l xnfhoGif;xm;Edkifonf/

AAC, MP3 ESifh WMA ponfh music files rsm;udk

USB cable qufoG,frIudk ,lum drop-and-drop

vkyf,lEdkifjcif;aMumifh toHk;jyK&oltwGuf tqifajyvS

onf/ xdkYtwl Sprint rSvnf; online rSwpfqihf aw;*Dw

oDcsif;rsm;udk wdkuf½dkuf 0,f,l toHk;jyKEdkifonf/

odkYtwGuf oGm;&if;vm&if;jzifh aw;*Dw oDcsif;awGudk

w,fvDzkef;twGif;odkY 0,f,l odkrSD;xm;Edkifaponf/

Bluetooth pepfjzifhjzpfap? wired headphone jzifh jzpfap

em;qifEdkifonfhtjyif FM a&'D,dkpepfudkvnf; toHk;jyKap

onf/ tD;ar;vfudpöESifh Web surfing udpörsm;udkvnf;

yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;ygonf/ Web browser tjzpf Opera

Mini udk toHk;csay;xm;onf/ tD;ar;vfa&muf&SdvmvQif

Griffin Journi

tvGefaumif;aernfjzpfaomfvnf; toHxGuf taetxm;

rSm pdwfwdkif;usp&m r&Sday/ teufa&mif om;a&tdwf

uav;jzifh xnfhum tvG,fwul o,f,loGm;Edkifonf/

SRS Lab \ WOW technology xnfhoGif;

toHk;jyKxm;ay;onf/ t&G,ftpm;tm;jzifh 6 'or 5

vufr _ 10 vufr _ 1 'or 3 vufrom &Sdonf/

Remote yg&SdvmjyD; ¤if;udk speaker \ ukd,fxnfwGif

oHvdkuf"mwf toHk;csí uyf odrf;xm;Edkifonf/

tvGef portable jzpfaom 'DZdkif;[k rSwf,lEdkifygonf/

toHk;jyK&rnfh bufx&DrSm 16 'or 5 em&Dtxd

toHk;cscHonf[k ñTef;qdkxm;aomfvnf; 10 em&DcefY

toHk;jyKEdkifygonf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfap portable speaker

pepfwpfcktaejzihf em&DtawmfMum toHk;jyKEdkifonf[k

qdk&rnf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm 130 a':vmcefY &Sdonf/

om;a&tdwfudk stand

taejzifhvnf; toHk;csEdkifonf/

iPod ay:jyLvmjzpfaejcif;tay: rSDcdkí xGufay:vmaom

ypönf;wpfckyif jzpfygonf/ toGiftjyif 'DZdkif;url

NEW PRODUCTS


64

NEW PRODUCTS

Nokia N76

Nokia ukrÜPDrS smart phone taejzifh xkwfvkyfcJhonf/

ESpfvdkYpzG,f'DZdkif;jzifh wnfaqmufay;xm;onf/ odkYaomf

oyf&yfvSyrIyHkpHrsKd;[k &J&Jwif;wif; rajymEdkifaom

tajctae&Sdonf/ bufx&Doufwrf;rSmvnf; odyfr&ay/

3G ESifh WiFi udpöwGifvnf; pdwfwdkif;usEdkif&ef cufcJaeyg

onf/ odkYaomf smartphone wpfcktaejzifh aps;EIef;rSm

a':vm 500 cefYtxd owfrSwfxm;cJhonf/ Clanshell

yHkpHjyKxm;jyD; tjyifbuftzHk;wGifvnf; 160 x 128 screen

av;wpfck wyfqifyg&Sdvmao;onf/ tqdkyg external

screen av;ESifh external music buttons rsm; xyfqif

ay;xm;rIrSmrl rmvfwDrD'D,morm;rsm;tMudKuf jzpfapyg

onf/ Audio ESifh Video udkifwG,f&mwGifvnf; tjrefEIef;

aumif;vSonfh 367 MHz processor u ydkifydkifEdkifEdkif

aqmif&Gufay;Edkifonf/ uHtm;avsmfpGm aw;*DwoDcsif;

rsm; zGihfem;axmif&mwGif taESmihft,SuftoHrsm;

tenf;i,f &Sdaeonf/ MudK;rJhpepfudk toHk;rjyKEdkifay/

headphone plug ESihfom qufoG,f em;qifEdkifonf/

odkYaomf Symbian OS udk toHk;csay;xm;ojzihf

MudKufESpfoufp&maumif;aejyefygonf/ aqmhzf0Jawmfawmf

rsm;rsm;udkvnf; toHk;jyKcGihfay;xm;onf/ peer-to-peer

downloads yif &&SdEdkifonf/ WiFi yHhydk;rI rygu EDGE

udkom cGihfjyKxm;onf/ odkYtwGuf Nokia N76 onf

tqdk;taumif; 'GefwJGaeaom w,fvDzkef;trsKd;tpm;[k

owfrSwfEdkifygvdrhfrnf/

vuf&mxifEdkifaom jyifyrS

160 x 128 screen

tzGihftydwf

vkyfonfhae&mESifh

headphone jackwpfae&mwnf;

&Sdaeojzihf taESmifh

t,Suf jzpfaeaponf/

Toshiba 200 GB External Hard Drive

Heavy duty oHk; tvGefayghyg;onfh hard drive trsKd;

tpm;[k rSwf,lEdkifygvdrhfrnf/ uGefysLwmESifh qufoG,f&ef

twGuf USB 2.0 Connection wyfqifay;xm;onf/

tdwfaqmif drive wpfcktaejzifh tvGefMuD;rm;aom

0ifqHhrIyrmPudk ay;xm;Edkifonf/ wpfenf;qdk&aomf

0ifqHhrIyrmP 200 GB &,lEdkifaomfvnf; tav;csdeftm;

jzihf 9 atmifpom av;onf/ tawmftoihf tMurf;cH

Edkifaom yHkpH'DZdkif;jzpfonf/ ¤if;wGif perpendicular

recording enf;ynmudk toHk;csxm;ay;onf/ wpfenf;

qdk&aomf data rsm;udk wnfhwnfh xyfí xyfí wif,l

oGm;aom enf;pepfudk toHk;csxm;jcif;jzpfonf/

Toshiba ukrÜPD\ tñTef;t& toHk;jyKaepOf av;vufr

tuGmrS vGwfusvQifjzpfap toHk;rjyKonfhtcg 29 vufr

tuGmrS vGwfusvQifjzpfap data rsm; ysufpD;rIr&Sdap&ef

tumtuG,fjyKxm;jyD;jzpfonf/ Windows ESihfjzpfap?

Mac ESifhjzpfap wGJzuf toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ owfrSwf

a&mif;aps;rSm 220 a':vmcefY jzpfonf/


66

NEW PRODUCTS

Wow Wee Robopanda

Wow Wee Roboquad

tvGefMudKufESpfoufzG,f&maumif;aom puf½kyfav;wpf½kyf

jzpfonf/ WowWee ukrÜPDrS tqef;opfqHk; bot tjzpf

yif'g0uf0HyHkpHjzifh xkwfvkyfvdkufjcif;jzpfonf/ tdrfwGif

arG;xm;aom wd&pämefav;toGifjzihf cHpm;,lEdkifonf/

tav;csdeftm;jzihf 8 aygifcefYom &Sdonf/ AA bufx&D

taejzifh 4 vHk; wyfqif&jyD; C bufx&Dqdkygu 6 vHk;

wyfqif toHk;jyK&ygvdrhfrnf/ vrf;avQmufwwfcgp

wu,fh yif'g0uf0Hav; t&G,ftpm;&Sdw,f/ tqdkyg

yif'gpuf½kyfav;rS ajymaompum;oHrSm uav;toH

jzpfonf/ OD;acgif;wGif rjrifpGrf;Edkifaom sensors rsm;

wyfqifxm;ouJhodkY 0rf;Adkufae&m? ausmbufae&m?

vufrsm;? ajcaxmufrsm;wGifvnf; tvm;wl sensors

rsm; wyfqifyg&Sdonf/ yif'gpuf½kyfav;\vufrsm;?

ajcaxmufrsm;? acgif;? em;&GufESifh rsufcHk;utp vIyf&Sm;

Edkifonf/ wGm;oGm;aomyHkpHr[kwfay/ av;bufaxmuf

vrf;avQmufEdkifygonf/ vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;udk cartridges

jzihf xdef;csKyf aqmif&Gufaponf/ tjcm; tydkaqmif;

functions rsm;twGuf cartridges rsm;udkvnf; xyfrH

0,f,l&&SdEdkifygonf/ Cartridge udkvdkufí 2 ESpfom;

t&G,fESihf 6 ESpfom;t&G,f[lí cGJjcm;toHk;jyKEdkifonf/

tcsKdUonf wpfpHkpm 0,fí 2 ESpfom;udk tdyfcef;xJxm;í

6 ESpfom;udk wHcg;ayguft0em;wGif xm;&Sd toHk;csMu

onf/ yif'g0uf0Hav;jzifh pum;pjrnf ajymqdkEdkifygonf/

uav;wpfa,mufESihf pum;ajymae&onfhcHpm;csufrsKd;

&,lEdkifygonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm a':vm 170 cefY

jzpfonf/

OD;acgif;? 0rf;Adkuf?

ausmESifh ajcvuf

rsm;wGif touch

sersor rsm;

yg&Sdonf/

t½kyfqdk;qdk; yHkpHjyK puf½kyfjzpfaomfvnf; vlYtvdkus

vdkufemaqmif&Gufay;&mwGif yDjyifvSonf/ Roboquad

trnfjzifh Wow Wee ukrÜPDrSyif xkwfvkyfcJhonf/

tqdkygpuf½kyfyHkpHudk Munfhí 1970 jynfhESpf ywf0ef;usif

qDu airport terminal ESifh wlonf[k rSwfcsufjyKMuonf/

ajcaxmufav;acsmif; yg&Sdum vnfwH&Snf&Snfjzihf

xl;qef;aom wd&pämefwpfaumiftoGiftjyif&Sdonf/

OD;acgif;u cyfjym;jym;yHkpH &Sdonf/ tjrihf 14 vufr&SdjyD;

tav;csdefrSm 3 aygifcefY av;onf/ ½kwfw&uf

Munhfvdkufygu Roboquad onf ydk;ESHaumifyHkpHrsKd;

jzpfaeonf/ tqdkygpuf½kyfudk remote jzihf xdef;csKyf

aqmif&Guf,lEdkifonf/ ¤if;udk Default jzifhjzpfap?

Activity jzifhjzpfap? Aggression jzihfjzpfap? Awareness

jzifhjzpfap modes av;ckjzihf toHk;csEdkifygonf/ tvdk

tavsmuf aqmif&GufrI? Edk;Edk;Mum;Mum;aqmif&GufrI?

wdkufcdkufaqmif&GufrI? odem;vnfaprI ponfwdkYudk cdkif;ap

,lEdkifrnfhoabm jzpfonf/ rsufvHk;rsm;wGif infrared

receiver rsm; &Sdaeum rdkufu½dkzkef;vnf; wyfqifyg&Sd

onf/ tcuftcJrsm;udk ausmfvTm;oGm;Edkifaponf/

puf½kyfcdkif;aprI tm;vHk;udk ydkif&SifrS remote control jzifh

aqmif&Guf,l&onf/ tdrfapmihftjzpf obm0twdkif;

xm;Edkifaom tajctae r&Sday/ rdrdcdkif;aponfh tcsdefrSm

om vIyf&Sm;aqmif&GufrI&Sdonf/ owfrSwfa&mif;aps;rSm

a':vm 100 cefY jzpfonf/

rsufvHk;wpfzufwGif IR

receiver aemufwpfzufwGif

IR transmitter yg&SdjyD;

tcuftcJ ausmfvTm;

Edkifrnfh scanner

wpfckvnf;

OD;acgif;wGif

xnfhxm;

ay;onf/

vIyf&Sm;rItm;vHk;udk

remote jzifh xdef;csKyfEdkifonf/


68

NEW PRODUCT○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

IN YANGON

AVOV Premio Pro PS-2442

4 in 1 Wirless Presenter ud&d,mav;jzpfygw,f/ aqG;

aEG; wifjycsufawGudk vkyfaqmif&mwGif uGefysLwmteD;tem;

u operator wpfOD;tqihftvdkuf cvkwfESdyf vkyfudkifay;p&m

rvdkawmhbJ tqdkygud&d,mav;jzifh ajyma[molu xdef;csKyf

wifjyay;Edkifygonf/ MudK;rJhpepfjzpfaomaMumihf pifjrifhay:rS

xdef;csKyfaqmif&GufrIaMumifh rsufpd½Iyfp&m aub,fvf0dkif,m

rsm; &Sdraejcif;aMumihf ydkrdk tqifajy acsmarGUapEdkifygonf/

vkyfief;vkyf&yftm;vHk;udk avqma&mifjcnfjzihf aqmif&Gufvkyf

udkifay;onf/ xdef;csKyfoltaejzifh armufpfav;udkifum ra-

dio frequency udk toHk;csjyD; axmufjyjcif;? ñTefjycsuf?

wifjycsuf ajymif;vJjcif;rsm;tm;vHk;udk vkyfudkifEdkifonf/

toHk;jyK&eftwGuf oD;jcm;aqmhzf0Jy½dk*&rfrsm; uGefysLwmwGif

xnfhoGif;,l&ef rvdkay/ USB port wGif ¤if;\ receiver

av;udk wyfqifxm;vdkuf½Hkom jzpfonf/ toHk;jyKolrsm;

twGuf t½dk;&Sif;qHk;ESifh tvG,fulqHk; jzpfaeapygvdrhfrnf/

Power Point Presentation rsm;? Slids Shows jyuGufrsm;?

aw;*Dw wifqufrIrsm;ESifh ½kyf&SifMunfhjcif;rsm;twGuf

tm;vHk; toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ txl;ojzifh Window Media

Player udk ydkifEdkifpGm xdef;csKyf aqmif&Gufay;Edkifygonf/ MudK;rJh

pepfjzpfjcif;aMumifh yg0gtwGuf AAA trsKd;tpm; bufx&D

ESpfvHk;udk wyfí toHk;jyK&onf/ Transmitter \ tav;csdef

rSm 6 'or 3 *&rfomav;jyD; Receiver rSm 2 'or 6

*&rfomav;onf/ tvG,fwul o,f,loGm;Edkif&ef tqdkyg

ypönf;ud&d,mav;xnhfonfh tdwfwpfckyg toihf yg&Sdvm

onf/ (tvdk&Sdygu vIdifwuúodkvfe,fajrtwGif;&Sd Myan-

mar Info-Tech 0ef;twGif;&Sd wpfOD;wnf;aom udk,fpm;vS,f

Myanmar Win Gate ukrÜPDwGif 0,f,l &&SdEdkifygonf/)

Digital Player taejzifhjzpfap? Pantable Storage taejzihfjzpfap?

toHk;jyKEdkifaom ud&d,mav;jzpfonf/ tqdkyg odkrSD;ud&d,mav;udk TV

odkYr[kwf Display wpfckckjzifh wdkuf½dkuf csdwfqufvdkuf½Hkjzifh ½kyf&Sif

rsm;? "mwfyHkrsm; MunhfEdkifonfhtjyif aw;*DwoDcsif;rsm;udkvnf; cHpm;

em;qifEdkifrnfh taetxm;&SdaomaMumifh ¤if;udk Digital Player taejzifh

vnf; toHk;jyKEdkifonf[k ñTef;qdkxm;cJhjcif;jzpfonf/ 0ifqHhrIyrmP 160 GB

&Sdojzihf tvGef tm;&p&maumif;vSonf/ odkrSD;ud&d,m\ yHkpHtrsKd;tpm;rSm PATA trsKd;tpm;jzpfojzihf FAT 32

udkyif vufcH aqmif&GufEdkifygvdrhfrnf/ t&G,ftpm;rSm 2 'or 5 vufr t&G,ftpm;jzpfaomaMumihf &SyftusÐtdwf

xJwGif xnfh,l o,faqmifoGm;Edkifaom taetxm;jzpfonf/ ¤if;ESihftwl remote control vnf;twlyg&SdvmjyD;

qufoG,frItwGuf high speed USB 2.0 udk wyfqif toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ S.Video Connectors rsm;? Y-Pb.Pr Video/

Audio MudK;rsm;? USB MudK;rsm; tqifhqihf yg&Sdvmygonf/ vdktyfvQif um&mtdkautwGuf function udkyg

xnfhoGif; toHk;jyKEdkifygao;onf/ Windows 2000 ESifh Windows XP wdkYudk tjynfht0 yHhydk; aqmif&GufapjyD;

bmompum; version rsm;taejzifh tDwvD? t*Fvdyf? jyifopf? pydef? *smref? ay:wl*D? *syef? w½kwfbmompum;rsm;

jzihfvnf; vkyfudkifcGihf ay;xm;onf/ Rows Library ESifh Rows Directory management rsm;udkvnf; aqmif&Guf

Edkifrnfhtjyif slide show wyfqif&mwGifvnf; toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ (tvdk&Sdygu 36 vrf;&Sd Smart Computer

ta&mif;qdkifwGif tvG,fwul 0,f,l&&SdEdkifygonf/)

Medium Grand Talk


68


70

MSI G 33- M-FI rm;om;bkwf\

form factor rSm Micro ATX jzpfjyD;

t&G,ftpm;tm;jzifh 9 'or 6 vufr _

9 'or 6 vufr jzpfonf/ ,cktcg

Micro ATX Case rsm;udk vlMudKufrsm;aeMujcif;

jzpfaomaMumihf acwfESihf avsmfnDpGm toihfwyfqif

toHk;jyKEdkifygvdrhfrnf/ Pentium 4, Pentium D,

Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Quad, Core 2 Extreme, Celeron

400 sequence, Pentium Extreme Edition, Pentium 4

Extreme Edition ponf processor rsm; tm;vHk;udk

toHk;jyKEdkifonf[k ñTef;qdkxm;aomfvnf; 64-bit

processor tm;vHk;udk yHhydk; aqmif&GufEdkifonf[kvnf;

rSwf,lEdkifygonf/ Processor socket yHkpH trsKd;tpm;rSm

LG A 775 jzpfjyD; Dual-Core/Quad-Core udk tjynfht0

yHhydk; vkyfudkifay;Edkifonf/ Chipset type rSm intel G33

Express/Intel ICH9 yg0ifxm;jcif;aMumifh rm;om;bkwf

trnfoauFwwGif MSI G33M-FI [k ay;xm;cJhjcif;

jzpfygonf/ Data bus speed udk 1333 MHz txd

cGihfjyKxm;ay;onf/ rm;om;bkwfay:wGif DDR 2 3D

RAM rsm;udk toHk;jyKEdkifonfh tjrihfqHk; 8 GB txd

cGihfjyKcJhonf/ RAM speed ESihf ywfoufí PC 2 - 5300

ESifh PC2-6400 wdkYudk toHk;jyKEdkifonf/ RAM features

rsm;rSm Unbuffered jzpfjyD; DDR channels ESpfck

yg&Sdonf/ Video ESifh ywfoufí Graphic Controller rSm

intel GMA 3100 jzpfjyD; dynamic video memory

technology 4.0 udk toHk;jyKxm;jcif;aMumifh yg0g

aumif;aumif; MudKufolrsm;ESihf *drf;upm;&mwGif

toHk;jyKvdkolrsm;twGuf qGJaqmifrI tjynfht0

ay;aeygonf/ toHydkif;qdkif&mudk Munfhrnfqdkyguvnf;

high definition audio udk cHpm;cGihf jyKxm;cJhonfhtjyif

7.1 channel surround txd toHk;csEdkifapygonf/

Networking udpöwGif Network adapter, Ethernet,

Fast Ethernet ESifh Gigabit Ethernet txd cGihfjyK

xm;ay;onf/ DMI udpövdk yHhydk;aqmif&Gufay;onfh

ACPI 2.0 udkvnf; yHhydk; aqmif&Gufay;Edkifonfhtjyif

MSI Dynamic Overclocking Technology(D.O.T) udk toHk;csxm;onf/ wdk;csJU aqmif&GufrIrsm;

twGuf PCI Express x 16 wpfck? PCI Express x 1

wpfckESihf PCI (3.3 V/5V) ESpfck [lí slots rsm;

ay;xm;onf/ Storage interface tjzpf

7 pin Serial ATA ESpfck? 7 pin external SATA device

twGuf ESpfckudk cGihfjyKay;xm;ygonf/ Interface rsm;wGif

Audio Line-in wpfck? Floppy interface wpfck?

keyboard (PS/2) wpfck? mouse (PS/2) wpfckwdkYtjyif

high-speed USB (4 pin USB) ajcmufcktxd

ay;xm;jcif;aMumifh tm;&p&m aumif;vSonf/

(tvdk&Sdygu 36 vrf; Smart Computer ta&mif;qdkifwGif

tvG,fwul 0,f,l&&SdEdkifygonf/)

MSI G33M-FIMotherboard


NEW PRODUCT○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

IN YANGON

70


72

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

taumif;qHk; ½kyfxGuft&nftaoG;udk ay;pGrf;Edkifonfh

ASUS LCD armfeDwmrsm;

topf xkwfvkyfxm;

onfh Windows Vista

onf armfeDwmjrifuGif;

us,frsm;ud k taxmuf

tul jyKay;EdkifjyD; multi-

media vdktyfcsuf jrifhvm

onfESif htrQ armfeDwm

aps;uGufonf high reso-

lution jrifuGi f;us,f

LCD trsKd;tpm;rsm;odkY

OD;wnfvmonf/ ASUS

\ MW221U ESifh MW-

201U widescreen moni

-tor rsm;onf WindowHardware Quality Labprf;oyfcsuf atmifjrifcJh

jyD; Windows Vista Pre

version twGuf tod

trSwfjyKcH&jyD;jzpfonf/

1680x1050 high

resolution ESifh us,fjyefY

aom jrifuGif;rsm;udk ay;

Edkifonfh MW221U 22"

onf A4 pmrsufESm ESpf

&Gufudk ab;csif;,SOfxm;

Edkifonfh screen tus,f

&dSonf/ odkYjzpfí win-

dows trsm;tjym;ud k

wpfjydKifeuf zGifhjyD; toHk;

jyKEdkifum Windows side

-bar ESifh Internet Ex-

plorer 7.0 uJhodkY Vista

function opfrsm;twGuf

jyD;jynfhpHkaponf/ rdkufu½dk

aqmhzfonf ¤if;\ Out-put Content ProtectionManagement taeESifh

Vista wGif High Band-

width Digital Content

Protection xnfhoGif;

xm;onf/ MW221UESifh

MW-201U ESpfrsKd;pvHk;

onf HDCP support

vkyfEd kifjyD; Vista Pre-

mium \vdktyfcsufwpfck

jzpfonfh built-in DVI yg

&dSonf/ Built-in stereospeaker, earphone jackrsm;ESifhaygif;pyfvdkufonfh


Internet � News

tcg uGefysLwm toHk;jyK

olrsm;twGuf azsmfajzrI

rsm;udk taumif;qHk; tae

txm;odkY ,laqmifvmyg

onf/ ¤if;wdkYwGif ASUS

\ oD;oefY trace free

enf;ynmyg0ifjyD; 2ms

response time &dSaom

aMumifh ½kyfyHkrsm;udk MuefY

MumrIr&dSbJ azmfaqmifay;

Ed kifonf/ MW 221U

onf aps;uGufwGif tjref

qHk; yHkazmfay;Edkifonfh 22

vufr widescreen jzpf

aeonf/ armfeDwm ESpfrsKd;

pvHk;onf 16.7 million

color udk jyay;Ed kifjyD;

ASUS splendid video

intelligence enf;ynmudk

taxmuftuljyKEdkifaom

aMumifh toHk;jyKolrsm;

taeESifh uGefysLwmpepf

\ ½kyfxGuft&nftaoG;

udk jr§ifhwifvdkvQif MW

221U ESifh MW 201U wdkY

onf taumif;qHk; a&G;

cs,frIrsm; jzpfygvdrfhrnf/

72


74

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

camera tygt0if ypönf;awGtm;vHk;u MudK;rJhpepfudk

oHk;aeMur,f/ Surround-Sound System MuD;awGrSm

awmif MudK;rJhpepfeJY jzpfaeMur,f/ 'gawGtm;vHk;udk

remote wpfckwnf;eJY xdef;csKyfapr,f/ aemufqHk;

tcef;wpfck remote wpfckpD jzpfaeawmhr,fwJh/

'Dvdk ,Hkwrf;pum; yHkjyifawGudk ajymEdkifavmuf

atmifvnf; MudK;rJhpepfavmuopfMuD;qDudk ta&muf

ydkYay;Edkifr,fh ajcvSrf;opfawGudk pjyD; jrifawGUaeMu&

ygw,f/ 'DESpfukefydkif;avmufqdk&if MudK;rJhpepfoHk;

xkwfukefypönf;awG aps;uGuftv,frSm jynfhjynfhpHkpHk

jzpfaevdrhfr,fvdkY ,lqEdkifw,f/

'DyHkjyifawGvdk tajctaersKd; rjzpfEdkifp&m r&Sdyg

bl;/ 'gayr,fh bandwidth awG wpfyHkwpfyifudk

wpfpkwnf; aygif;xkwfxm;EdkifzdkY vdkygvdrhfr,f/ oihf

wifh avQmufywfwJh high power rS 'gawGudk xkwf

pm;yJGay:rSmvnf; &Sif;aeapr,f? ½Hk;cef;xJrSm

vnf; ½Iyf½IyfaxG;axG; r&SdapzdkY csxm;zGJUpnf;,lEdkifap

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arQmfvihfcsufawGudk enf;ynmopfawGu tmrcHcsuf

awG ay;vmw,f/ 'gayr,fh 'Dtajctae? 'Dtae

txm;awG b,fawmhavmuf cHpm;cGihf&rSmygvJ/

wcsKdUawGu ,Hkwrf;pum; yHkjyifawGtjzpf MudK;rJh

pepftaMumif;udk ajymaeMujyD? yHkjyifawG&JU tqdkt&

tcef;xJrSm &Sd&SdorQ tDvufx&Gefepf ypönf;awGrSm bm

MudK; tquftoG,frQ r&Sdawmhovdk avxJrSmvnf;

toHvIdif;awG ½kyfoHvIdif;awG oGm;vm vIyf&Sm;aerSm

jzpfw,f/ High-definition video udk jyEdkifwJh ½kyfjrif

oHMum;pufawGeJY xif[yfwifjyay;EdkifwJh digital

video recorder wdkY? tifwmeufpepfwdkY? yDpD uGefysL

wmwdkY? *drf;upm;pufwdkYeJY digital video, video

trIdufo½dkufjzpfoGm;aprnfh aub,fvfMudK;rsm;


75

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

vTwfay;EdkifzdkY vdkygvdrhfr,f/ 'gaMumifh xifomxif

ausmif;trMuD;a& qdkwmvdkYvnf; jzpfaeMu&w,fvdkY

staccato communication wnfaxmif zGJUpnf;&mrSm

yg0ifcJholvnf; jzpf? pD;yGm;a&; zGHUjzdK;rIqdkif&m 'kwd,

Ouú|vnf; jzpfwJh Mark Bowles u wifjy ajymqdk

oGm;cJhw,f/

Banwidth eJY Power taMumif;udk avhvmMunfh

Mu&awmhr,fhoabm jzpfw,f/ trSefwu,f tqdkyg

taMumif;ESpf&yfu tdrfwGif; MudK;rJhpepfudk tjynfht0

csdwfqufa&; c&D;vrf;rSm *½kwpdkuf jzwfausmf&r,fh

tqD;twm;awG jzpfaeapygw,f/ &Sif;vif; jywfom;

wJh tpDtpOfawG? standard awG r&Sdovdk tJ'D

taMumif;&yfawGu wufvmr,fhjyóem t00udk

vnf; ajz&Sif;Edkifr,fh tajzrsKd;awGvnf; toihfr&Sdao;

wmrdkY wu,fwrf; vufawGU taumiftxnf azmf

Edkifa&; acgif;pOfu rIef0g;0g;vdkY ajym&rvdk jzpfae&

w,f/

wcsKdUukrÜPDawGu ultra-wideband (UWB)

a&'D,dkqdkwmawGudk high-definition video trans-

mission pepfrSm t&Sdef&xm;jyD;jyDvdkY wGufqxm;Mu

w,f/ MudK;rJhpepfoHk; USB taeeJY odxm;MuwJh

UWB awGudk uifr&mawG uD;bkwfawG tygt0if

uGefysLwmqufET,fypönf;awGtwGuf MudK;rJh quf

oG,fa&; yvufazmif;wpfcktaeeJY aps;uGuf

tv,frSm tawmftoifh yGJxkwfjyD;om;

jzpfaeygw,f/ vGefcJhwJh aqmif;&moD

twGif;uawmh Amimon vdkY ac:

wJh tpöa&; ukrÜPDwpfcku

enf;vrf;&Sm standard

wpfcktaeeJY WirelessHigh Definition Inter-face udk rdwfqufay;cJhyg

w,f/ tJ'Daemufydkif;rSm Wire-

less HD eJY ywfoufjyD; qufvuf

wDxGifEdkifzdkY tm;vHk;udk EId;qGvdkufovdk

jzpfoGm;&w,f/

jyD;jynfhpHkwJh tajctaersKd; r&Sdovdk vuf&Sd

aps;uGufay:vnf; ra&mufvmao;yg/ Standard

wdkufyGJ wpfcktwGuf MuD;rm;wJh jzpfEdkifpGrf;tm;wpfckudk

tMuHjyKcJhwm jzpfw,f/ High-Definition Audio-

Video Network Alliance (HANA) twGuf

enf;ynmqdkif&mvkyfief;udk OD;aqmifjyD; oifwef; ydkYcs

aewJh Bill Rose uawmh taotcsm jzpfajrmufrSmvdkY

tmrcHEdkifaMumif; ajymMum;cJhw,f/ Rose taeeJY

Consumers Electronic Association &JU tdrfwGif;

uGef&uf aumfrwDem,utaeeJYvnf; vkyfudkifaqmif

&Gufaew,f/ olYtaeeJY standard wdkufyGJtwGuf

toHk;jyKoltaeeJY acgif;xJxnfhp&m rvdkatmif aqmif

&Guf ay;rSmvdkY jyHK;jyD; tmrcHcsufay;cJhw,f/

MudK;rJhpepf&JU jzpfEdkifajc enf;vrf;rsm;

tvHk;pHk MudK;rJ hpepfqdkwmu tvSrf;a0;a0;

a&;aw;aw; tajctaeom &SdaeqJjzpfw,f/ tpydkif;

rSm aub,fvf0dkif,mMudK;awGay:rSm AD'D,dkxkwfvTihf

a&;twGuf standard u cufcufcJcJ twnfjyKcJh&

w,f/ 'grSr[kwf vTJajymif;ay;&wJh taetxm;rsKd;awG

&SdcJhwmudk awGUcJhMu&ygw,f/ HDMI u de facto

standard jzpfvmw,f/ ('Dae&mrSm HDMI 1.0 eJY

1.3 wdkY Mum; tenf;i,fuGmjcm;rIawGudk csefvSyfxm;

pOf;pm;jcif; jzpfw,f/) High-def TV sets awGrSm

ports awG taeeJY wpfckESpfckpD yg&SdMu&wJhtjyif tcsKdU

qdk&if oHk;cktxdawmif ygaecJhw,f/ HDMI tppf

trSefqdkwm tpdwftydkif;wpfckeJY wpfck ajymqdkEdkifapwJh

link wpfck&JU wpfzufwpfcsufpDrSm&SdwJh chip wpfckeJY

twl aub,fvfMudK;wpfacsmif;ay:rSm wpfae&mu

wpfae&mtxd qufoG,frIwpfckwnf;om &Sd&yg

w,f/ Set-top box awG DVR

pufawG yDpDuGefysLwmawG 'grS

r[kwf *drf;pufawGtjyif 8-

channel digital audio awGudk

trsKd;rsKd;&SdaewJh ,lepfawGxJu

wpfckckqDu tmrcHcsuf ay;

rxm;cJhwJh high-definition

video signal wpfckudk vHkjcHK

pdwfcspGm xkwfvTwfEdkifzdkYeJY

csufcsif;aqmif&GufEdkifzdkYudk

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ajrmufwJh tm;omcsufawG &Sdaeygw,f/ tvGef jref

qefw,f/ vufawGUusus csufcsif;vIyf&Sm; aqmif&Guf

ay;w,f/ 'DtcsufawGu hard-core gamers awG

twGufawmh tvGefta&;MuD;wJh udpöwpfckyJ jzpfw,f/


76

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

tJ'Dvdk vlawGtwGuf 5 ms avmuf aESmihfaES;rI&SdoGm;

cJh&ifyJ tEdkift½IH; tajzxGufoGm;EdkifwJhtwGuf jrefqef

rI csufcsif;wHkYjyefEdkifrIawGu ta&;MuD;w,fvdkY qdk&

wm jzpfw,f/ ueOD; HDMI awGu 5 Gbps EIef;eJY

xkwfvTwfrI jyKay;jyD; topfvGifqHk; rsKd;qufjzpfwJh

version 1.3 qdk&if 10 Gbps xkwfay;ygw,f/ 0dkif,m

MudK;awGeJY tquftoG,fvkyfxm;wmrdkY vHkjcHK pdwfcs

&rI&Sdw,f/ HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Con-

tent Protection) qdkwJh standard rSm HDMI eJY sig-

nal awGudk vQKdU0SufpGm toHk;jyKxm;wmaMumifh pi-

racy qdkwJh taESmifht,SufawGtwGuf tvGef cufcJ

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uGef&uf ½kyfoHvTihfcsufawG aub,fvf 'grSr[kwf

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awGtaeeJY olwdkY&JU pD;yGm;a&;twGuf 'Dvdk tum

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nectors awGrSm audio eJY video data ESpfckvHk;&JU

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wpfckckudk ajymif;a&TUtoHk;jyKjyD; jyefwyfMuwJhtcg

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tqHk;pGef pdefac:rIqdkwm high-definition video

signals awG&JU rsm;jym;vSwJh data yrmPawGudk

HANA : The High-Definition Audio

Video Network Alliance Content Provides awG? service

providers awGeJY tDvufx&Gefepf enf;ynmeJY ypönf;xkwfvkyfwJh

ukrÜPDawGtMum; FireWires ay:rSm A/V networking udk ydkrdk

vG,fulpGmeJY tqifajyacsmarGUap&ef yl;aygif;aqmif&Guf,ljcif;

wpf&yf jzpfw,f/

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HDMI aub,fvfqufoG,frIrSm content Protection &Sdae

apzdkYeJU compliant DVI awGtay:rSm vQKdU0Suf odyfonf;wJh tpDtrH

eJY data awGudk xkwfvTihfay;wJh 'pf*spfw,f vkyfydkifcGihftpDtrH yHkpH

wpfck jzpfw,f/

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ud&d,mypönf;awGtMum; Multimedia Content awG xkwf

vTwfa&;twGuf toHk;cswJh standard 'pf*spfw,f aub,fvfMudK;

jzpfw,f/ HDMI taeeJY DUI uae tusKH;0ifapjyD; AD'D,dktwGuf

om standard jzpfapwJh bufjyef vdkufavsmnDaxG jzpfapw,f/

UWB : Ultra Wideband

3 GHz txuf bandwidh vdkifpifrvkyfxm;wJh spectrum

ay:rSm data awG xkwfvTwfay;r,fh enf;ynmwpfck jzpfw,f/

UWB signal qdkwm wmwdkyJoGm;w,f/ 'gayr,fh data yrmP

MuD;MuD;txd xkwfvTwfay;EdkifpGrf; &Sdw,f/

WHDI : Wireless High Definition Interface

5 GHz band xJrS zdodyfxm;wJh AD'D,dk signal awGudk MudK;rJh

enf;eJY xkwfvTwfay;zdkYtwGuf ydkifqdkifrIay;wJh enf;ynmwpfckyg/

WiMedia AllianceUWB qufoG,fa&; tajz&SmEdkifzdkY t"duaqmif&GufwJh tzGJU

tpnf;wpfckjzpfw,f/ tkyfpkvdkuf multimedia data awGudk MudK;rJh

pepfeJY xkwfvTwfEdkifzdkY standard awGudk wDxGifMu&w,f/

WirelessHDud&d,mypönf;awGtMum; zdodyfrxm;wJh multimedia data awG

udk MudK;rJhpepfeJY xkwfvTwfay;r,fh digital interface wpfcktwGuf

wDxGifzefwD;aeqJ specification wpfckjzpfw,f/ Wireless HD

signal awGu vdkifpifr&Sdao;wJh 60 GHz frequency udk toHk;jyKcJh

w,f/

'pf*spfw,f rmvfwDrD'D,m

a0g[m&rsm;


78

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LLC ac: HDMI vdkifpifxkwfay;a&;twGuf

HDMI enf;ynmydkif;qdkif&m uxduMuD; Joseph Lee

u compressed rvkyfjcif;u ydkaumif;vdrhfr,fqdkwJh

tMuHÓPftwGuf tqdkjyKcsufMuD;MuD; tjrJwrf;

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u 60 GHz u &yfjyD; vrf;ydwfqdkYxm;ovdk jzpfae&

w,fvdkY axmufjycJhw,f/ olY&JUtzGJUuawmh UWB

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yif jzpfjzpf aemufqHk;awmh MudK;rJh HD enf;ynm

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wood u 'Dtwdkif; ajymcJhw,f/

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awG rMumcif&SdvmawmhrSmyg/ 50 GHz frequency

udk toHk;csjcif;u c&D;wdkwpfcktwGuf data yrmP

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w,f/ 'gayr,fh AD'D,dk&zdkYawmh signal udk zdodyfay;

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jzpfw,f/

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&JU tqdkt& yxrqHk; specification taeeJY trSef

wu,f data rate rS 3 Gbps yJ aqmif&Gufay;vdrhfr,f

vdkY od&w,f/ tJ'DtzGJUtpnf;rSm LG, NEC, Pana-

sonic, Samsung, Sony, Toshiba eJY SiBeam pwJh

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80

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pepfudk oHk;awmhr,fqdk&if zdodyf,ljyD;rSom jzpfEdkifajc

&Sdr,fvdkY Tzero Technologies twGuf a&mif;0,fa&;

tMuD;wef;'g½dkufwm wpfOD;jzpfol Matt Keowen u

wpfxpfcs ajymcJh w,f/ *drf;awGtwGufqdk ydkjyD;

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toihf cufcJaeygao;w,f/

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technology twGuf arQmfrSef;xm;w,f/ 802.11n

technology u signal awG xkwfvTwfzdkY txl; py,f

&S,f modem wpfckudk toHk;jyKrSm jzpfw,f/ ukrÜPD

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udkom toHk;jyKMuw,f/ WHDI u video signal

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ajymcJhw,f/ WHDI u vHkjcHKrI cdkifcdkifrmrmeJY 'DZdkif;

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81

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[Ref: PC Magazine]

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udk aES;auG;pGmyJ vkyfvdrfh

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awG save vkyf odrf;qnf;

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tGefvdkif; OFFICE odkYr[kwf GOOGLE DOCS & SPREADSHEET

Intel eJY AMD wdkY&JU

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install vkyfzdkY oufqkdif&m

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awGudk oifh&JU browser uae

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uRefawmfwkdY[m pHjyK

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usefao;w,f/ tGefvdkif;

office eJY yl;aygif;vkyfaqmif

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awG[m ,ck&&SdESifhjyD; jzpfay

r,fh tjynfht0 &ifhusuf

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tcsuf qufíjzpfaeqJyJ/

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r[kwf [kdw,f&JU Wi-Fi


95


office applications twGif;

0ifa&mufvmwm rMumao;

bl; qkdayr,fh features awG

uawmh pHkvifw,f/ oD;jcm;

modules 12 ckeJYpjyD; yHkrSef

ture tpHkvifqHk; data and

applications hosting

services jzp fygw,f/

a'wmawG toGif;txkwf

jyKvkyf&wm vG,fulw,f/

Microsoft office, Open

Office, HTML eJY PDF for-

mat awG eJY wifydkYEkdifygw,f/

Document eJ Y spread-

sheet zkdifwpfckudk wpfjydKif

wnf; vl 50 txd vkyfudkif

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vkyfaqmifrI collaboration

erlemyJjzpfygw,f/ xl;xl;

jcm;jcm;udk wnfjidrfjyD; oHk;pGJ

&vnf; vG,fw,f/

Zoho uawmh hosted

pkjyHKvmMuw,f/ xkdrS wpf

zef Mur®m&[wf wpfywf

vnfum Intel &JU Core

Duo eJY Core 2 Duo proc-

essors awGu AMD &JU

chips awG jymjzpfoGm;ap

w,f/ ,ck AMD rS Ath-

lon 64 tjyD; yxrqHk; ar-

chitecture topfjzpfwJ h

Barcelona tajcjyK Op-

teron CPU pwif aps;uGuf

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core processor Barce-

lona core rSpjyD; AMD [m

data center eJY enter-prise

server aps;uGufudk ypfrSwf

xm;vmygw,f/ 'gayr,fh

Intel rSvnf; jidrfraecJhyg

bl;/ Barcelona xGufjyD;

rMumcifrSm "Tigerton" vdkY

trnf0Sufay;xm;wJh quad-

core Xeon 7300 server

CPU udk jzefYa0chJygw,f/

jyD;awmh cspfyfaps;uGuf pdwf

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p&m 45 nm chip design

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r,fvkdYvnf; arQmfvifh&yg

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tjzpf 0ifa&mufvmw,f/

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ver chips vkdif;wpfckvHk;

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jzpfwmaMumifh Tigerton [m

t"du topf aygif;xnhfrI

r[kwfbJ jznhfpmrQom jzpf

aMumif; qef;ppf avhvmol

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pGrf;aqmif&nfjrifhpepf wnf

aqmufolawGtwGufawmh

Barcelona [m 'DESpfaESmif;

ydkif;xGufr,fht&m&JU tjrnf;

avmufyJ &Sdygr,f/ tJ'gu

awmh desktops awGtwGuf

quadcore processor jzpf

aom AMD ''Phenom" jzpf

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core rdom;pk0if processors

awGeJYtwl Intel eJY ,SOfjydKif

&mrSm trD vdkufEdkifvmr,f

vdkY arQmfvifh&ygw,f/ Intel

[m quad-core aps;uGuf

twGif; oH k;vywfaygif;

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multi-core CPU topfawG

udk aMumfjim&mrSm ''native

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w,f/ Intel &JU quad-core

qkdwmudkawmh Core 2 Duo

Chips ESpfck pyf[yfxm;wm

vdkY EIdif;,SOf ajymMum;cJhyg

w,f/ Barcelona &JU zGJU

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tecture t& ¤if;[m pGrf;

tif pGrf;aqmif&nf? tjref

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awGxuf omw,fvdkY AMD

u qkdygw,f/

d o c u m e n t ,spreadsheet,

presentation

services awG

tjyif project

managementmodule, chatsystem, web

conferencing

tool eJY Wiki

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awmi f ygyg

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office user awG eJY&if;ESD;jyD;

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crosoft vnf; enf;enf;

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cif pOf;pm;oifhwJh t&mrsm;

udk ar;cGef; &Spfck xkwfjyef

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mini eJY Google trIaqmif

awGu Microsoft Office

desktops e,fajrudk 0if

a&mufrSm r[kwfaMumif;

tav;teuf ajymMum;xm;

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Modula-2Ref: Internet

96

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG


uGefysLwm PC wpfvHk;udk b,fvdkwnfaqmufrvJ?

b,fvkdypönf;awGeJY a&G;cs,f wnfaqmufrvJ qdkwmudk uGef

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jyD/ 'gayr,fh uGefysLwmwpfvHk;udk wnfaqmuf a&G;cs,fjyD;

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a&G;cs,f pOf;pm;jyD; wnfaqmufr,fqkd&if ydkjyD; tusKd;&Sd&Sd

toHk;csEkdifwmawGudk jyD;cJhwJh aqmif;yg;awGrSmvnf; tvsOf;

oifhovdk a&;om;azmfjycJhjyD;ygjyD/ uGefysLwm*sme,fu OD;jrifh

oluawmh wpfqifhwufjyD; awmif;qkdrIwpfckudk uRefawmfhxH

o,faqmifvmcJhygw,f/ tJ'guawmh tck awGUae&wJh

aMumfjimwif'gawGrSm uGefysLwmeJYywfoufjyD; aMumfjimwif'g

ac:,lwJhae&mawGrSm awGU&wJh vdktyfcsufawGtwGuf aqmif;

yg;wpfyk'f a&;ay;zdkYyg/

aMumfjim^wif'gawG ac:,lwJhae&mawGrSm uGefysLwm

twGuf Processor bmjzpf&r,f/ (Oyrm Intel Pentium 4,

3.0 Gz, AMD Athlor XP)? motherboard u b,fvkd

trsKd;tpm; xJu/ (Oyrm Intel 875 motherboard, Intel

965 mother-board )? Memory u b,favmuf yg&r,f?

b,fvdk trsKd;tpm; jzpf&r,f/ Oyrm 256 MB, 512 MB, 1

GB ? trsKd;tpm;u Kingstone, hynux, value RAM )

ponfaygh/ 'ghtjyif Graphic Card u b,fvkdtrsKd;tpm;?

monitor u b,fvdk trsKd;tpm;? t&G,ftpm;u tpaygh/

Casing u tMuD;? tvwf? tao;/ Power Supply uawmh

aps;uGufxJ&SdwJh trsKd;tpm;eJY Watt awG xnhf&r,f/ Key-

board eJY Mouse uvnf; aumif;w,fqkdjyD;wmyJqdkjyD; wGJ

zufxm;ao;w,f/ Sound Card ygwJhtwGuf Speaker qdkwJh

Output unit uvnf; xnfhaMumfjim&ao;w,f/

wu,f toHk;jyK rjyKawmh rodbl;/ aemufjyD; &Sdao;

wmu CD drive awGygyJ/ wcsKdUusawmh CD Rom, CD

Writer, DVD Rom, DVD Writer awGyg ygao;w,f/ wcsKdU

wif'gawGrSmawmh Backup pepftwGufusawmh UPS ryg

wmawG? ygjyefawmhvnf; wif'gtay:bufrSm ygwmawGeJY

vdkufavsmnDaxGr&SdwJh Wattage awG jzpfaew,f/ Func-

tion awGu rpHkvifbl;/ aemufjyD; tck wif'gac:,lvdkufwJh

ypönf;u b,fvdkoHk;rSm? b,fae&mrSm oHk;rSm? b,fvkd Pro-

grams awG? Application awG oHk;rSm? bmaMumifhoHk;ovJ

ponfhtcsufawGukdusawmh xnfhra&;Mubl;/ tJ'Dawmh wif

'g&JU oabmt& aps;jydKifpepfqkdawmh aps;oufomwJholudk

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oufomatmif udk,ft"duoHk;r,fh Program awG? Appli-

cation awG&JU vufcH&&SdwJh uGefysLwmwpfvHk;[m aumif;rGefpGm

tvkyfvkyfEdkifovm;qkdwmawG? 'D Program uawmh oHk;r&

bl;? 'D Application awGusawmh oHk;r&bl;/ oHk;csif&ifawmh

'Dypönf;awG xyfxnhf&r,f/ tJ'DrSm xyfxnhfvdkufwJh ypönf;eJY

tqifajyajy oHk;&&if bmyJjzpfjzpf awmfao;wmaygh/ tJ'Dvdk

oHk;r&wJh tcgusawmh uGefysLwmudkyJ roHk;bJ xm;&awmhr,fh

tajctaeawGtxd jzpfcJhwmawGvnf; renf;bl;vdkY od&

w,f/ tJ'Dawmh bmvkyfMurvJ? bmvkyfoifhvJ qkdwmudk 'D

aqmif;yg;xJrSm xnhfa&;ay;vdkufygr,f/ tenf;tusOf;

awmh toHk;0if? toHk;wnhfr,fvdkY ,HkMunfygw,f/ tm;vHk;

toHk;0ifw,fqkd&ifawmh 0rf;omp&mygyJ/

aMumfjim^wif'g ac:,lr,fholawGtaeeJY uGefysLwm PC

udk b,fvkd toHk;jyKr,f/ (Oyrm-wpfvHk;wnf; oD;oefY

oHk;rSmvm;? uGef&uf csdwfqufjyD; toHk;jyKrSmvm;) t"du

bmtwGuf toHk;jyKrSmvJ? (Oyrm data xnhf½Hk oufoufyJ

vm;? Programme twGuf toHk;jyKrSmvm;? Application

twGufyJ oHk;rSmvm;? Application rSmvnf; Ready made

Application awGudk oHk;rSmvm;? jyefvnf jyKjyiffxm;wJh Ap-

plication awGvm;? 'grSr[kwf rdrdwdkY tzGJUtpnf;wpfck

twGuf oD;oefY a&;xm;wJh Application awGrSm oHk;rSmvm;/

bmaMumifh oHk;rSmvJ? (Oyrm rdrdwdkY&JU paper work awGudk

avQmhcszdkYtwGufvm;? tvG,fwul jyefvnf qef;ppfzdkY

twGufyJvm;? 'grSr[kwf ESpftvdkuf Sumary awG? Report

awGtwGuf toHk;jyKrSmvm;/ 'gqkd data base pepfawGudkyg

odxm;rS jzpfawmhr,f/ Specialized Program/Application

awGudk oHk;r,fqkd b,fvkdtaMumif;awGaMumifh oHk;rSmvJ/

uGefysLwmwpfvHk; b,fvdkwyfqifMurvJ


97

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

Oyrm Drawing Software qkdygawmh? Auto CAD vnf; &Sd

wmyJ? CorelDRAW vnf; &SdwmyJ? Free hand drawing

software vnf; &SdwmyJ? 'Dvkd Drawing software aygif;

ajrmufjrm;pGm&Sdwm awGU&r,f/ wcsKdU Program awG[m

memory udk t"du toHk;csw,f/ wcsKdUusawmh Storage

device udk t"du oHk;w,f/ wcsKdUusawmh Processor eJY

Main Me-mory udk t"duoHk;w,fpwJh uGJjym;jcm;em;csuf

awG &Sdw,f/ 'gawG[m ypönf;wifoGif;olawGtwGuf pOf;pm;

vdkY&atmif wif'gac:,lwJholawGu tao;pdwf̂ axmifhpHk

atmif ajymjyEkdifav aumif;avygyJ/ twdtus r[kwf

awmif ukd,fuoHk;&r,fholqkdawmh tenf;tusOf;awmh od

xm;&ygr,f/ 'grSvnf; ajymqdkEkdifrSm jzpfw,f/

'gtjyifh rdrd&JU ywf0ef;usifrSm toHk;jyKaewJh yg0g pepf

awGudkvnf; tajccH tcsuftaeeJY ajymjyEkdif&ygr,f/ uGef

ysLwm[m vQyfppfrD;eJY toHk;jyK&wJhypönf; jzpfygw,f/ rdrd

tzGJUtpnf; ywf0ef;usifrSm toHk;jyKaewJh vQyfppfrD;vkdif;awG

aumif;rGefpGm tvkyf vkyf rvkyf? rD;vkdif; twuftus?

wufwJhtcg b,favmufxdwufovJ? uswJhtcg b,f

avmuftxd usovJ? rD;tm;jr§ifhpufawG? rD;pufawG &Sd r&Sd?

'gawGudk ajymjyEkdifygu ydkjyD; tqifajyEkdifrSm jzpfygw,f/

bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh ypönf;ay;oGif;wJhol[m Backup

pepfawGudk pOf;pm;wJhtcgrSm xnhfoGif; pOf;pm;EkdifvkdYygyJ/

'gawGudk wif'gac:,lwJh bufu pOf;pm;qHk;jzwfjyD; odkYr[kwf

rdrdwdkY tzGJUtpnf;twGif; odkYr[kwf jyifytMuHÓPf ay;EkdifwJh

tzGJUtpnf;awGuaejyD; tMuHÓPfawG &,ljyD; rdrd tzGJU

tpnf;twGuf toHk;0if? toHk;wnfhEkdifwJh ypönf;rsm;jzifh

aqmif&Gufvkyfukdifygu aiGaMu;t&vnf; oufom? vkyfief;

twGufvnf; tqifajy acsmarGUEkdifrSm jzpfygw,f/

rSwfcsuf / / uGefysLwm toHk;jyKr,fh user awGbufuvnf;

rdrdtoHk;jyKr,fh PC awGay:rSm b,fvdk OS awG wifxm;

ovJ? b,fvkd Program ? b,fvkd Application awG? Install

vkyfxm;ovJ? rdrdwdkYoHk;&r,fh uGefysLwmudkawmh uRrf;usifpGm

wwfajrmufxm;oifhygw,f/ uGefysLwmrSm vkyf&r,fh tvkyf?

rvkyf&r,fh tvkyfawGudkyg pepfwus wdwdusus odxm;r,f

qkd&if ydkjyD;aumif;wm awGU&rSmyg/ tajccH tcsufjzpfwJh uGef

ysLwmudk ydwfwmutp b,fvkd ydwfovJqkdwmukd odzdkY

vkdygw,f/ User aMumifh ysufpD;qHk;½IH;rIqdkwmvnf; &Sdygw,f/

rdrdwdkY tzGJUtpnf;twGuf vdktyfcsufawG? vuf&Sd &Sdae

wmawGudk odxm;jyDqkd&if wif'g wifoGif;olawGeJY ac:,l

aqG;aEG; wkdifyifoifhygw,f/ wif'g wifoGif;xm;wJh ypönf;

awG&JU rdrdwdkY tzGJUtpnf;u toHk;jyKr,fh yHkpHawGeJY vdkufavsm

nDaxG &Sdr&Sd? b,fvdk tusKd;tjypf &SdEdkifovJ pwJhtcsuf

awGudk od&Sd em;vnfjyD;rSomvQif toHk; jyKr,fhypönf;awGudk

a&G;cs,foifhygw,f/ Oyrm rdrdwdkY tzGJUtpnf; toHk;jyKrSmu

t"du Graphic Software awGudk toHk;jyKr,fh ywf0ef;usif

qkdygpdkY/ 'gqkd&if toHk;jyKr,fh Processor awG [m Graphic

Function awGudk t"du Process vkyfay;Ekdif &r,f? Pro-

cessor &JU Cache Value awG rsm;rsm;&ygr,f/ Processor

&JU Speed awG jref&r,f/ Processor &JU Speed eJY System

&JU Bus Speed awG vkdufavsmnDaxG &Sd&r,f/ Mother-

board udkyg t"du pOf;pm;a&G;cs,f&awmhr,fvkdY ajymwmyJ

jzpfw,f/ tJ'Dawmh tMurf;zsif;tm;jzifh Graphic PC wpfvHk;

qdk&if t"du pOf;pm;&rSmu Processor, Main Memory,

Motherboard, Graphic Card, Graphic Processor,

Graphic RAM, Secondary, Storage device 'Dypönf;awGudk

Power vHkavmufpGm ay;ydkY Power Supply, Graphic PC

qkdawmh Output display Monitoruvnf; ta&;MuD;yg

w,f/ 'ghjyif tjcm; Input Interface awGvnf; rsm;rsm;ygwm

pOf;pm;&r,f/ USB 2.0, IEEE 1394, Card Read pwm

awGaygh/ cRif;csuftaeeJY wcsKdU Graphic Software awG[m

Network ay:rS tvkyfvkyfwmu jrefwJhtwGuf Network

Card ryg&if Program awGudk Install vkyfvkdY r&ygbl;/

aemufwpfcku Sound Application awGudk toHk;jyKr,fh

uGefysLwmqkd&if tajccH bmawG pOf;pm;&rvJ? Multime-

dia function awG Run vkyfEdkifwJh Classic Processor

awGudkyJ pOf;pm; &r,f/ 'DpepfrSmvnf; main memory awGudk

pOf;pm;&r,f/ Bus Speed awGvdk tjrefqHk; ay;EkdifwJh

motherboard awGudkvnf; arhxm;vdkY r&ygbl;/ Process

vkyfvdkY xGufvm wJh Sound files awGudkvnf; b,fvdk stor-

age device awGrSm odrf;rSmvJ/ odrf;r,fh files size awGu

MuD;awmh ae&mrsm;rsm; vkdr,f/ Sound file awG Quality

aumif;zdkYtwGuf t"du Specialized Sound Card awG udk

pOf;pm;&r,f/ Sound Card &JU Processor, Sound Chennel

awGudk b,favmuf xd cGJay;EkdifovJ? Digital Sound awGudk

twdtus wGuf ay;Ekdifovm;/ Sound Output twGuf

b,fvkd tqifhjrif hwJh Output device awGeJY wGJzuf

toHk;jyKEkdifovJ/ wjcm; Sound Input awGudk b,fvkd

oHk;EkdifovJ qkdwmawGudk odxm;&ygr,f/ Sound PC

rSmvnf; wGJzuftoHk;jyKr,fh ypönf;awGu rsm;awmh oHk;&r,fh

Power Supply awGukdvnf; t"duxm; pOf;pm;oifhw,f/

Backup device awG tyg t0ifaygh/

&Jausmfodef; (Cpompu-Tech)


98

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

ESpfq,hfudk;cgajrmuf usdefqJjyD;wJhtcsdefrSm

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rsKd; r&Edkifygbl;/ AMD board


110

uGefysLwmtaxGaxG

oGif;ay;xm;wm[m odyfrxl;

qef;ovdk xif&ygr,f/ 'gay

r,f h shell add-ons awG& J U

oabmt& Avant icon udk

Right click ESdyfjyD; IE browser

rSmom add-ons wpfcktaeeJY

aygif;pyf oHk;pGJMunfhprf;yg/ IE

udk rkef;wD;aewJhpdwfawG tvdkvdk

aysmufuG,foGm;&avmufatmif

udk tpGrf;xufvSygw,f/ Avant

udkawmh http://www.softpedia

.com &JU search box &SmazG &&Sd

EdkifjyD; Avant yHkpH qifwlwJh IE

shell plug-ins jzpfwJh maxthon

udkawmh filehippo rSm &Edkifyg

w,f/

qufvufazmfjyygrnf/

aZmfrif;

Ref: Internet

eJYtqifrajyvSbJ ajz&Sif;&cufcJ

wJh error awGudk jyowwfay

r,fh P4 board tppfrsm; twGuf

awmhñGwfEl;zG,f&mtoGifoP²mef

tjynfh &S dygw,f/ Security

jrihfrm;wJh safari [m Apple

xGufukefawG&JU rltwkdif; tifwm

eufay:u wdkufcdkufrIawGudk MuHK

awGUcHpm;&rI tenf;qHk; jzpfyg

w,f/ Built-in yg0ifwJh down-

load tool [mvnf; zdkifawGudk

qGJcswJhae&mrSm firefox xuf

wpfqcGJ ydkrdk jrefqefygw,f/

bmrSef; nmrSef;rodwJh code awG

udk cookie awGu wpfqihf xnfh

oGif;a&;qGJjyD; tzsuftarSmihf

vkyfief;awGudk virus jzefYjzL;ol

awG rvkyfudkifEdkifapzdkY user udk

twnfjyKcsuf awmif;cHygw,f/

User tzdkY security menu rSm

customize rvkyfwwfbl;qdk&if

awmifrS default level eJYwif

tEÅ&m,f &efpG,fawGudk umuG,f

zdkY vHkavmufaeygjyD/ IE, Fire-

fox wdkYvdk browser awG&JU flaw

awGudk jiD;aiGUpdwfysufaeolawG

twGuf prf;oyfoHk;pG Jcsifp&m

aumif;ygw,f/

Avant udk tck aemufydkif;

tm&Swpf0dkufrSm tawmfuav;

oHk;pGJvmMuayr,fholu browser

ppfppf wpfck&JU jynfh0wJh t&nf

taoG; &Sdraeygbl;/ vGefcJhwJh

oHk;av;ESpfu xGufay:vmcJhzl;

wJh My IE 2 tay:rSm tajccH

a&;qGJxm;wJh internet explorer

add-on wpfckom jzpfygw,f/

IE &JU API tay:rSm rSDcdkxm;wJh

twGuf install oGif;vd kufjyD

qdkwmeJY IE rSm owfrSwfxm;wJh

proxy eHygwfawGtwdkif; pwif

tvkyf vkyfay;rSmyg/ Tab-style

interface wpfckudk oHk;pGJxm;wJh

IE shell uav;[m malicious

code awG a&m,Suf ygvmEdkifwJh

flash animation downloadawGudk wm;qD; ydwfqdkYay;EdkifjyD;

application udk ydwfvdkufwJh

tcgrSm history list awGud k

&Sif;vif;ay;EdkifwJh tool awG xnfh



111

Windows wpfckudk vkyfaqmifcsufrsm; (Functions)

rajymif;vJapbJ toHk;jyKoljrif&aom toGiftjyif User

Interface (UI) (Oyrm ñTefMum;csufrsm;? trSm;azmfjycsuf

rsm; Error Message) rsm;udkom toHk;jyKol\ bmom

pum;ay: rlwnfí ajymif;vJapjcif;udk localization [k

ac:onf/

xdkodkY localization wpfck jzpfay:ap&ef odkYr[kwf

&ap&ef vdktyfcsufrsm;rSm

1. Basic Concepts

2. Multi-language User Interface (MUI) files

3. Unicode Font for this language with Unicode

script processor & Code page

4. Various Input method for this language

5. Language support by Windows [Optional]

6. Make faster your build & expect the future

1. Basic ConceptsWindows original language rSm t*Fvdyf bmom

pum; jzpfonf/ ,cif Windows old version (such as

Win 98, 98SE, Me) rsm;wGif tjcm;aom bmomrsm;

twGuf (Oyrm w½kwf? *syef? xkdif;) wdkYtwGuf Windows

oD;jcm; xGufaomfvnf; Windows 2000 rS pwifum

Multi-language User Interface (MUI) file rsm;udkom

toHk;jyKvmMuonf/ Windows Vista wGif t*Fvdyf bmom

pum;onfyifvQif build in r[kwfawmhbJ MUI file rsm;udk

toHk;jyKvmonf/

Windows wGif rdkufu½dkaqmhzftaejzifh w&m;0if tod

0if;'dk;pfudk jrefrmvdk b,fvdkajymif;MurSmvJ..

trSwf jyKxm;aom bmomrsm;udk Language ID in hexa-

decimal value* rsm;jzifh owfrSwfavh&Sdonf/ ( *hexa-

decimal value rsm;onf wpfq,fhajcmufvD qudef;pepf

ay:wGif tajccHxm;jcif;jzpfonf/ hexa = 6, decimal =

10 jzpf&m hexadecimal udk 16 ranging from 0-9, A , B,

C, D, E, F [k t"dyÜm,f zGifhqdkEdkifonf/ Hexadecimal

value F onf q,fvDpepfwGif 16 ESifh nDrQonf/ ¤if;wdkYudk

a&;om;vQif 0x1F ponfjzifh a&om;avh &Sdonf/ ¤if;pepf

taMumif;udk programmer rsm;ESifh engineer rsm; aumif;

aumif; odygonf/) Windows wGif w&m;0if todtrSwf

jyKxm;aom Language & Language ID rsm;rSm atmufyg

twdkif; jzpfonf/



112



113

azmfjyygpm&if;xJwGif jrefrmbmomtwGuf rygao;yg/

Language ID udkrl (0x0455) [k owfrSwfxm;NyD; jzpfyg

onf/ Hexadecimal value 0455 onf q,fvDqudef;pepf

wefzdk; rnfrQESifh nDrQonfudk odvkdvQif Windows cal-

culator (Scientific view) wGif atmufygtwdkif; &SmMunfh

Edkifonf/

files complex scripts & right-to-left languages rsm;udk

Check t&ifvkyfyg/ odkYrSom vdktyfaom pmvHk;rsm;udk

trSeftwdkif; jrif&rnfjzpfonf/ Windows Installer CD

awmif;vdrfhrnf/

xdkYaemuf CD autorun odkYr[kwf double click vkyfNyD;

rdrdwifvdkaombmompum;udk atmufygtwdkif; a&G;cs,fay;

&efom vdkygonf/ wpfcgwpf&H autorun rwufbJ atmufyg

twdkif; error message wufwwfygonf/

Windows udk jrefrmvdk oHk;Edkif&eftwGuf yxrqHk;

vkyf&rnfrSmWindows wGifw&m;0if todtrSwfjyKxm;aom

language wpfckckygonfh MUI package udk install vkyf

yg/ Computer CD qdkifrsm;wGif Multi-language User

Interface CD [k ajym0,fvQif&ygonf/ (National CD

wGif aocsmayguf 0,fvdkY&onf/ uRefawmfh CD vnf;

tqdkygqdkifrS 0,fxm;jcif;jzpfonf/)

Install rvkyfrD Start Menu � Control Panel �

Regional and Language Options � Languages Tab

wGif Install files for east Asian Language & Install

xdkodkY error message wufcJhvQif registry editor udk

zGifhí atmufygtwdkif; ½dkufxnfhNyD; filename.reg jzifh save

vkyfyg/ xdkYaemuf xdk file udk double click vkyfNyD; Yes

vkyfvkdufvQif jyóem &Sif;oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\Current-

ControlSet\Control\Nls\Language]

“ InstallLanguage “=”0409"

rsm;aomtm;jzifh Windows (Peer Web Edition)

wifvQif Default Language rSm 0809 English (United

Kingdom) jzpfaomaMumifh xdkjyóemwufavh&Sdonf/ xdk

tcsufrSm muisetup jzifh install vkyfjcif;aMumifh ajymif;

ay;&ef vdktyfjcif; jzpfonf/ rdrdudk,fydkif installer jzifh

muisetup twkdif; jyKvkyfay;EdkifvQif xdktcsufrSm odyf



114

ta&;rygvSay/ MUIsetup &Sdaom same folder ½Sd mui.ini

wGif [Language-DisplayName] atmufwGif 0ifjyif½Hkjzifh

Myanmar language [laom trnfudk pseudo language

taejzifhawmh jrif&Edkifonf/ odkYaomf language ID rSmawmh

tjcm; language ID jzpfaeygvdrfhrnf/ odkYaomf rdrdudk,fydkif

Install & setup interface wnfaqmufxm;vQif xdktcsuf

rsm;udk xnfhoGif; pOf;pm;p&m rvdkay/

“mui” folder topfvkyfNyD; xkdtxJwGif “0804” folder

topf xyfvkyfyg/ xkdYaemuf C: \WINDOWS\mui\

0804\notepad.exe.mui udk xdktxJwGif Copy & Paste

vkyfjyD;jyefzGifhMunfhvQif w½kwfbmomjzifh jrif&rnf jzpfonf/

xdktcg MUI files rsm;taMumif;udk od&efvdktyfvmonf/

xdktcg Start Menu � Control Panel � Regional

and Language Options � Languages Tab wGif

atmufygtwdkif; a&G;cs,fp&mrsm; ay:vmrnfjzpfonf/

Chinese (Simplified) udk wifxm;ygu C:\ WIN-

DOWS\ mui\ atmufwGif 0804 [laomtrnfjzifh Folder

wpfckudk awGU&NyD; txJwGif *.exe.mui [laom zdkifrsm;udk

awGU&rnf jzpfonf/ ¤if;wdkYonf Multi-language User

Interface (MUI) file rsm;yifjzpfonf/ atmufwGif jyxm;

onfhtwkdif; w½kwfbmomudka&G;ygu Log off & Log on

vkyfNyD;vQif w½kwfbmomjzifh awGUjrifEdkifNyDjzpfonf/

¤if;wkdYtvkyfvkyfyHkrSm Exe file wpfck&SdvQif ¤if;atmuf

&Sd folder xJwGif mui\[language ID] [laom folder xJwGif

¤if;trnfwlaom MUI file rsm;udk oHk;pGJjcif;jzpfonf/ (e.g,

C:\WINDOWS\notepad.exe & C: \WINDOWS\

mui\0804\notepad.exe.mui )

xkdYaMumifh ¤if; notepad.exe udk Desktop ay:wGif

Copy & Paste vkyfNyD;zGifhMunfhygu English Language

jzifhom jrif&rnfjzpfonf/ xkdYaemuf Desktop ay:wGif

2. Multi-language User Interface (MUI) filesMUI file rsm;onf EXE file rsm;ESifh zGJUpnf; wnf

aqmufyHkjcif; wlnDNyD; jcGif;csuftaejzifh ¤if;wdkYwGif vkyf

aqmifcsuf function udkaqmif&Gufay;Edkifrnfh processing

code rsm; ryg0ifjcif;yifjzpfonf/ odkYjzpfí EXE file rsm;

zGJUpnf;wnfaqmufyHkudk tMurf;zsif;od&ef vdktyfvmonf/

(tcsdef&vQif tao;pdwfa&;ygrnf/) ¤if;wGif DOS header

ESifh Resource Section [lí ESpfydkif;yg0ifonf/

DOS header wGif EXE files [k odapaom

trSwftom; MZ ESifh EXE files udk DOS wGif zGifhaomtcg

This program cannot be run in MS-DOS mode [laom

pmom;ay:ap&efwdkYom yg0ifonf/

Resource qdkonfrSm Windows based applications

wGif yg0ifaom tpdwftydkif;rsm;yif jzpfonf/ Standard

Resources (e.g., icon, cursor, menu, dialog box,

bitmap, enhanced metafile, font, accelerator table,

message-table entry, string-table entry, or version

information) ESifh Custom Resources [lí cGJjcm;Edkif

onf/



116

Resource rsm;taMumif; tMurf;zsif;rSm-

Accelerator - New (Ctrl + N), Open (Ctrl + O) paom

Keyboard shortcut rsm; yg0ifonf/

Bitmaps - Bitmaps for application (Oyrm

Windows Logo ) ponfwdkY yg0ifonf/

Cursors - Arrow Cursor, Text Cursor ponfh

½kyfyHkrsm;yg0ifonf/

Dialog - Print Dialog, Option Dialog, Regi-

stration Dialog ponfwdkY yg0ifonf/

Icons - Icons for application ponfwdkY yg0if

onf/

String Table- Applications Name, Error Messages

paom pmom;rsm; yg0ifavh &Sdonf/

Menu - File, New, Open, Exit paom Menu

resource rsm; yg0ifonf/

Version - Product name, Company, Version

number ponfh tcsuftvufrsm;yg0ifonf/

aoaocsmcsm odvdkvQif XN Resource Editor,

Resource Hacker paom freeware rsm;ud k oH k;í

notepad.exe, wordpad.exe paom Windows appli-

cations rsm;udk zGifhíjyifMunfhyg/ (wdkuf½dkuf save rvkyfyg

ESifh/ Windows file protection system u oif\ jyifqif

csufrsm;udk z,f&Sm;um rl&if;zdkifjzifh jyefvnf tpm;xdk;vdrfh

rnf/ Save as jzifh wjcm;ae&mwGifodrf;um zGifhMunfhyg/)

xdk freeware rsm;udk &Sm&ef tcuftcJ&SdvQif Microsoft

Visual Studio jzifh zGifhMunfhEdkifonf/ olu ydkaumif;onf/

File Size enf;enf;BuD;aomfvnf; aps;oufoufomom

(w&m;0ifaps;eJUqdk&ifawmh rvG,fyg) eJY&awmh wefwmaygh/

¤if;pmom;rsm;udkjyifNyD; oD;jcm;ae&mwGif Save as

vkyfyg/ xkYdaemuf double click vkyfNyD; zGifhMunfhvQif

jyifxm;aompmom;rsm;udk atmufygtwdkif; jrif&rnf jzpf

onf/

xdkae&mwGif jrefrm,leDukwfudk tpm;xdk;xnfhoGif;Edkif

vQif.../

xkdenf;u Windows 2000 rwdkifrDu Microsoft

oHk;aom enf;vrf;jzpfonf/ aemufydkif;wGif Multi-lan-

guage User Interface (MUI) enf;ynmudk tpm;xdk;

vmonf/ ¤if; MUI file rsm;wGif DOS header ESifh Menu,

Dialog, String Table, Accelerator, Version Info paom

Resource rsm;yg0ifonf/ ¤if; MUI file rsm;udk bmom

pum; wpfckcsif;tvkduf jyKvkyfxm;jcif;jzifh toHk;jyKolonf

rdrdtoHk;jyKaeaom bmompum;udk tvG,fwul ajymif;vJ

toHk;jyKEdkifrnf jzpfonf/

MUI file rsm;udk wnfaqmuf&ef udk,fydkif MUI files

compiler wpfck wnfaqmuf&efrSm odyfrvG,fyg/ odkYjzpfí

&SdNyD;om; MUI file rsm;udk jyKjyif&efom&Sdonf/ MUI

zdkifudkjyif&eftwGuf Microsoft Visual Studio udk zGifhyg/

xdkYaemuf yHkwGifjyxm;onfhtwdkif; File Menu � Open

� File.. � Open Dialog � Open with... � Open

with Resource Editor jzifh zGifhyg/

odkYaomf jrefrmvdk½dkuf&eftwGuf Myanmar Unicode

font & Keyboard Layout for Myanmar Unicode

vdktyfao;onf/ aemufvwGif xdktaMumif;udk a&;ygrnf/

,ckvtwGuf prf;oyfvdkvQif MyMyanmar Unicode jzifh

prf;oyfEdkifygonf/



117

tusOf;csKyf

tay:u a&;xm;onfrsm; r&Sif;vQif ‘þae&mrS pzwf

yg/ (Example for C:\WINDOWS\notepad.exe)

1/ notepad.exe.mui file in Chinese (Simplified)

language udk t&if&Smyg/ tjcm;ae&m odkYr[kwf tjcm;

uGefysLwmwGif install vkyfNyD; ul;,lyg/

2/ Myanmar Unicode Font & Keyboard for Myan-

mar Unicode udk Install vkyfyg/ (Oyrm- My-

Myanmar installer which includes both font &

keyboard layout)

3/ Microsoft Visual Studio rSwpfqifh notepad.exe.

mui udkzGifhNyD; uD;bkwfvufuGufajymif;um jrefrmvdk

jyifyg/ (jrefrmvdkray:vQif Control Panel � Display

� Appearance Tab � Advanced Button � Select

Icon in Drop down list � Select Myanmar

Unicode Font in Font Name wGif MyMyanmar

udk a&G;yg/ xdkYaemuf OK & Apply vkyfyg/) Lan-

guage udk Chinese(PRC) jzpfap&ef owdxm;yg/

odkYr[kwfvQif Right Click � Properties � Lan-

guage wGif a&G;yg/

4/ xdkzdkifudk Save vkyfí odrf;NyD;vQif C:\WINDOWS\

mui\0804\ odkY ul;yg/ (r&SdvQif New Folder topf

wnfaqmufyg/)

5/ xkdYaemuf atmufygpmrsm;twdkif; ½dkufyg/ xdkYaemuf

install.reg trnfjzifhodrf;yg/

Windows Registry Editor Version 5.00

[ H K E Y _ L O C A L _ M A C H I N E \ S Y S T E M \

CurrentControlSet\Control\Nls\MUILanguages]

“UIFontSubstitute”=dword:00000000

“MatchSystemLocale”=dword:00000000

“0409”=”1"

“0804”=”1"

xdkYaemuf install.reg file udk double click vkyfNyD;

OK vkyfyg/ ¤if;onf MUI installer u jyKjyifaom

Registry setting rsm;udk rdrdbmom manually

jyKjyifjcif;yifjzpfonf/ Registry Editor wGif rdrd

topfxnfhvkdaom Language ID udk New String

Value taejzifh jyKvkyfNyD; wefzdk;udk “1” [k owfrSwfay;



118

vQif xdk language onf Language Tab wGif ay:vm

ygonf/ (odkYaomf rnfonfhzkdifrQ r&Sdyg/)

6/ xdktcg Start Menu � Control Panel � Regional

and Language Options � Languages Tab wGif

,cif MUI file rsm; install vkyfouhJodkY a&G;cs,fp&m

rsm; ay:vmrnfjzpfonf/ (,ck vkyfief;pOfonf MUI

Installer CD rvkdtyfyg/ zkdiful;wmu vGJvdkYaygh/)

7/ w½kwfpmwef;ygaom language udk a&G;NyD; OK

vkyfvkdufygu atmufygtwdkif; ay:vmrnfjzpfonf/

xdktcg Log off & Log on vkyfvdkufyg/ xkdodkYrvkyfrD

Control Panel � Display � Appearance Tab �

Advanced Button � Select Menu in Drop down

list � Select Myanmar Unicode Font in Font

Name wGif MyMyanmar udk a&G;yg/

odkYrSom oifjyifxm;aomjrefrmpmvHk;rsm;rSm av;axmifh

twHk;av;rsm; b0odkYrajymif;bJ vkdcsifaom yHkpHtwdkif;

awGU&rnf jzpfonf/

8/ uRefawmf\erlemyHkpHrSm

tm;vHk;tqifajyvQif vkyfief;pOf tqifhqifhudk oifh

oabmESifhoif jyKjyifMunfhyg/ (odyfruRrf;usifvQif uGefysL

wm jyKjyifa&;pifwmwpfckckESifh pmcsKyfcsKyfxm;yg/ aemufwm

yg? [J..[J)

qufvufazmfjyygrnf/

pdkif;&efEdkif


119

ART OF GAME(REVIEW)

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oGm;jyD;jyDqdkawmh developer

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usaom? ouf0ifvIyf&Sm;ae

aom epfarsmp&m *drf;urÇm

awGxJrSm vSnfhvnfoGm;vm

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tuefYtowfqdkvd k Y *drf;

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wpfckvHk;udk tEkynmvuf

&mvdkY w&m;0ifac:qdkEk dif

avmufatmif ppfr Se fwJ h

vuf&majrmufypönf;wpfck


120

ART OF GAME (REVIEW)

vkyfjyzdkYyJ usefygawmhw,f/

Gone with the wind eJY

Citizen Kane awGu ½kyf&Sif

udk tEkynmajrmuf ypönf;

jzpfatmif erlemjyEkdifcJhovdk

rs K d ; Bioshock uvnf;

*drf;awGtwGuf tvm;wl

vkyfay;ygvdrfhr,f/ ]]'DaeY

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oifMum;ay;Muw,f/ tJ'D

vdkrsKd;yJ ckupjyD; aemufESpf

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Mur,f/ tJ'Dtcg Bioshock

udk medium MuD;wpfckvHk;

tvSnfhtajymif;jzpfapcJhwJh

t&mvdkY ½IjrifowfrSwfMu

r,fvdkY}} &J&JMuD; tmrcHjyD;

awmhudk ajymvkdufcsifao;

w,f/

'gayr,fh Bioshock

udk 'Dvdk odrfarGY eufeJwJh

vuf&majrmufypönf; jzpf

atmif bmu vkyfay;wmyg

vdrfh/ ZmwfaMumif;u pwif

csOf;uyfzdkY&m ae&maumif;

jzpfvdrfhr,f/ ESpfumvu

1960? oif[m twåvEdÅwf

ork'´&mtay: jzwfausmf ysH

oef;aewJh av,mOfay:rSm

c&D;onfwpfOD;tjzpf vkduf

ygvmw,f/ uHqdk;csifawmh

vrf;ckvwfrSm yifv,fxJ

xdk;qif; ysufusw,f/ uH

aumif;csifawmh rD;jywkduf

wpfckudk rIefjyjyjrif&w,f/

uHqdk;csifawmh tultnDay;

r,fh vloluif;rJhaejyD; a&

atmufodkY ydkYaqmifay;wJh

bathysphere ,mOfav;

wpfc ky J awG Y & w,f/

uHaumif;csifawmha&atmuf

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aMumif; awGY&w,f/ uHqdk;

csifawmh tJ'D,lwdkyD;,m;rSm

qdk;qdk;0g;0g; rSm;,Gif;jyD;

t&m&m ,dk,Gif;ysufpD;aejyD

wJh/

Bathysphere eJY a&

atmufjrdKUawmf Rapture odkY

oGm;&mc&D;vrf;rSm jrdKUudk

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Ryan u AD'D,dkeJY&Sif;jyw,f/

] 'gMuD;jzpfvmzdkY b,fol

awGu usm;ukwfusm;cJ acR;

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tjcm;olr[kwfbl;/

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qif;&Jom;awGwJh /

tjcm;ol r[kwfbl;/

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bk&m;ocifwJh

tjcm; olr[kwfbl;/

armfpudku vl ajymw,f/

vlwkdif;yJwJh/ }

usKyfu Rapture jrdKU

awmfMuD;udk ezl;u acR; 'D;'D;

usatmif MudK;pm; xlaxmifcJh

w,f/ oifh&JU ezl;u acR;us

&ifvnf; Rapture [m

oifh&JUjrdKUawmfMuD; jzpfvmEkdif

ygw,f/

odkYuvdk &Sif;jyxm;av

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&jcif;udpöuyHkrSefstandard

government &JU tcsKy f

taESmif vGwfuif;&m ae&m

xlaxmifzdkYyJ/ tawmfqkH;?

txufjrufqHk;aom odyÜH

ynm&SifawG? tEkynm&Sif

awGtaeeJY acwfay: vlY

tzGJYtpnf;u b,fvkdOya'

usifh0wfawGrSrqdk tcsKyf

taESmifvGwfuif;pGm rdrdvkd&m

MudK;yrf;vkyfaqmifEkdifr,fh

ae&mjzpfygw,f/ [kwfyg

w,f/ tHharmzG,f ,lwdkyD;

,m;EkdifiHMuD;ygyJ/ 'Dawmh

½kyf&SifawGrSm yHkazmfjyoavh&Sd

wJh ,lwdkyD;,m;twkdif; MuD;

MuD; us,fus,f rSm;,Gif;rI

awG jzpfukefjyD; edAÁmefa&muf

zd k Yvrf;puae i&JqefwJ h

dystopia jzpfoGm;ygawmh

w,f/ tJ'DrSm awmifudk&D;

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rsKd; a&mufoGm;ovm;rod

bl;/ 'gayr,fh 'Dyk*d¾Kvfu

awmh yifrqJvf tppfudk

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wpfrsKd; vlom;awG&JU rsKd;ADZ


121

ART OF GAME

genetic ukdifwG,fjyKjyifrIudk

tqHk;r&Sd tuefYtowfrJh

vkyfEkdifw,f/ qifhuJjzpfpOf

u ESpf oef;aygif;rsm;pGm

tcsdef,l vkyf&r,fh DNA udk

jyefa&;jcif;tm; csufcsif;

vufiif; vkyfEkdifvmr,f/

'gudkoHk;jyD; plygvlom; pGrf;

&nfawG &vmEkdifw,f/ 'gay

r,fh Adam &JU ab;xGuf

tusKd;u ½l;oGyfjcif;? yHkysuf

jcif;? aoqHk;jcif;rsm;/ ,ck

oif&ifqkdifMuHKawGY&r,fh Ra-

pture jrdKUawmfol jrdKUawmf

om;awG[m 'Dypönf;aMumifh

tvHk;pHk yHk,Gif;ysufaejyD/

BioShock &JU ZmwfaMumif;

u euf½dIif; jynfh0ef;vGef;

tm;MuD;w,f/ t"dutm;

jzifh Brave New World,

1984 ,Animal Farm vdk

dystrophic pmayvuf&m

awGrS acs;iSm;&,lxm;wJh

twGufygyJ/ a*smhcsfatmf0J

om&Sdao;&if *kPf,lrdrSm

trSefygyJ/

Bioshock &JU Zmwf

aMumif;u odyfudk xl;uJ

aumif;r Ge f&jcif; tjcm;

taMumif;&if;u upm;ol

[m ZmwfaMumif;twGif;rSm

xnfh0ifrI jyK&ovdk cHpm;&

wJhtwGufygyJ/ ol[m Zmwf

vrf; tjzpftysufawG apmifh

MunfholoufoufrQ r[kwf

awmhyg/ Gears of War eJY

Final Fantasy vdk tHharm

zG,f*drf; awGYMuHKcHpm;rIawG

rSmawmif oifhudk MudKwif

owfrSwfjyD; tqHk;owfqDodkY

wpfoa0rwdrf; qGJac:oGm;

w,f/ b,favmufyJ xyfcg

xyfcg upm;upm; Zmwf

a Mumi f ;uawmh 'gy J/

tajzmif hwk di f; r[kwfwJ h

Knights of the Old Re-

public eJY Jade Empire vdk

non-linear RPG awGrSm

awmif a&G;cs,frIqdkwm xif

a,mifrSm;rIrQomyJ jzpfw,f/

tJ'D*drf;awGrSm tqdk;vrf;eJY

taumif;vrf; MudKuf&m wpf

cka&G;/ oufqkdif&m tqHk;

owfqDodkYyJ a&mufoGm;r,f/

BioShock rSmawmh

tJ'Dtwkdif;jzpfrSm r[kwfyg

bl;/ Good and evil tMum;

jcm;xm;wJh rsOf;u rIef0g;

oGm;w,f/ BioShock [m

rD;cdk;a&mif e,fajrxJrSm &Sd

w,f/ jzpfysufvmorQu

oifh&JU a&G;cs,frIawGtay:

rlwnfw,f/ pGef Ypm;cef;

twGif; oGm;vm vIyf&Sm;&

wmu b,fvdk AD'D,dk*drf;

rsKd;xufrqdk &Sifoef aysmh

aysmif; vef;qwfvGef;ae

r,f/ [kwfygw,f/ vrf;

wpfavQmuf oif jyKvkyfcJhwJh

aumif;jcif;? qdk;jcif;tay:

yJ rlwnfjyD; *drf;u tqHk;

owf ESpfckay;vdrfhr,f/ 'gay

r,fh *drf;ud k upm;wkdif;

jzpfvmwJh vrf;aMumif;awG

u rwluG J jym;vdrf hr,f/

'g[m *drf;ZmwfaMumif; jzpf

xGef;ap&mrSm tvGef&ifhusuf

jyD; todÓPf&SdwJh enf;ay

yJ/ 'g[m *drf;&JUZmwfaMumif;

jyefqdkjcif; qifhuJ wdk;wuf

jzpfpOf taumif;qHk;enf; qdk

wm oufaojyaejcif; jzpf

ygw,f/ Gears of War vdk

*drf;rsKd;u vSyjyD; epfarsm

p&m jzpf&if jzpfvdrhfr,f/

'gayr,fhZmwfaMumif;u

enf;ynmudk trDrvkdufEkdif

bl;/ BioShock rSmqdk&if

awmh vkdufEkdifw,f/

BioShock qdkwm a&G;

cs,frIawGeJY jyKvkyfxm;wJh

*drf;/ ausmif;awmfa[mif;?

a&S;a[mif;*dkPf; FPS vdk

upm;csifovm;/ oabmyJ/

OD;aESmufydkoHk;&wJh csOf;uyf

enf;tjzpf Adam eJY plyg

obm0vGefrsKd;ADZ tqifhjrifh

,lrI jyKvkyfjyD; upm;rvm;/

jzpfygw,f/ pepfudk csK d;

azmuf 0ifa&mufol hacker

jyKvkyfum ywf0ef;usifudk

oifh&efolawG&JUaxmifacsmuf

jzpfaprvm;/ rjzpfEkdifbl;

qdkwm r&Sdbl;/ ZmwfaMumif;

jzpfpOfawGudk tjynfht0od&Sd

csifovm;/ toHrSwfwrf;

awGtm;vHk; aumuf,lem;

axmifyg/ oJvGe fpawG

(REVIEW)


122

ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

wpfppD qufpyf,lyg/ Rap-

ture &JU usqHk;cef;udk tjynfh

tpHkod&r,f/ 'gawG tm;vHk;

vspfvsL½IjyD; tkef;tkef;'dkif;

'dkif; action vIyf&Sm;rIawGyJ

jyKvkyfcsifovm;/ jzpfwm

ygyJ/ BioShock u oif

*½krpdkufcsifwJh yHkjyif Zmwf

aMumif;awG ZGwftwif; ½dkuf

oGif;aerSm r[kwfygbl;/ 'D

tHharmzG,fZmwfaMumif;udk

ausmfcJhzdkY qHk;jzwf&if oifh

twGufawmh MuD;rm;wJh qHk;

½HI;rIMuD;yJ/ 'gayr,fh oifh

a&G;cs,frI t&ygyJ/ Bio-

Shock &JU yHkjyifZmwfvrf;

trSefwu,f nd§KU,lzrf;pm;

&jcif;taMumif;u AD'D,dk*drf;

medium &JU tm;omcsuf

twkdif; upm;&if;jzpfay:vm

apwJhtwGufygyJ/ 'D Zmwf

aMumif;[m ½kyf&Sifwpfum;?

pmtky fwpftky fvd kawmif

r[kwfygbl;/ BioShock rSm

oifjyKvkyfwJh a&G;cs,frIudk

oifhbmom ar;cGef;xkwfzdkY

'DZk dif;jyKxm;w,f/ 'gudk

wu,fvkyfEkdifwJh medium

qdkvdkY AD'D,dk*drf; urÇmyJ &Sdyg

w,f/ Rapture &JU tcef;

wkdif;vdkvdkrSm csOf;uyf0if

a&mufzdkY&m enf;vrf;toG,f

oG,f&S dw,f/ rSefwJhenf;

qdkwmvnf; r&Sdbl;/ rSm;wJh

enf; qdkwmvnf; r&Sdbl;/

oifh&JUenf;qdkwmyJ&Sdygw,f/

a&G;p&mawGu trsm;

MuD;/ 'gaMumifh BioShock

u olYudk tenf;qHk; ESpfcg

jyefupm;zdkY awmif;qdkw,f/

twif;tusyfudk awmif;qdk

wmjzpfygw,f/ 'grS ¤if;u

ay;urf;wJht&mawG uHkvHkpGm

jrif&r,f/ ckupjyD; vaygif;

rsm;pGmtMum 10 Mudrfajrmuf

upm;jzpfw,fqdkygpdkY/ oif

[m topftqef; wpfpHk

wpfckawGYaeOD;r,f/ enf;AsL

[mtopfawG prf;vkyfMunfh

aeygOD;r,f/

aemuf BioShock udk

tEkynmajrmufatmif wGef;

wifay;r,fh taMumif;t&m

wpfck&Sdw,f/ Rapture jrdKU

awmfMuD;[m 1960 jynfhESpf

rsm;qDu txufjrufqHk;

aom odyÜHynm&SifeJY tEk

ynm&SifawG xlaxmifxm;

wmvdkY ajymcJhw,f r[kwf

vm;/ 'Dawmh jrdKUawmf&JU

toGiftjyifvu©Pmudk tJ'D

aemufcHtaMumif;eJY vkdufrD

atmif yHkazmf&awmhr,f/ *drf;

'DZkdifem[m txufjrufqHk;

aom ynm&SifawGvdk pOf;pm;

vkyfaqmif&r,f/ vkyfvnf;

vkyfEkdifcJhygw,f/ Rapture

jrdKU&JU tqifwefqm tjrif

ykdif;qkdif&m azmfaqmifrIawG

u tEkynmvuf&mtqifh

twef;jrif hw,f/ 1960

jynfhESpfrsm;qDu a&S;a[mif;

*E¦0ifyHkpHay:aeqJrSm odyÜH

zGHYjzdK;rIawGvnf; jrif&w,f/

jydK;jydK;jyufjyufeJY uav;

uvm;yHkpHawmh aygufrSm

r[kwfbl;/ av;wGJUceYfnm;

MuD;us,fwnfjidrfwJh atmo-

sphere udkyJ awGY&ygvdrfh

r,f/ FPS Action *drf;jzpf

ayr,fh jrefEIef; pace udk

Pain Killer vdk *drf;awG

avmufwifrxm;bl;/ ½Iarm

zG,f yom'jrifuGif;awG t&

omcH MunfhEkdifavmufatmif

cyfav;av; vkyfay;xm;yg

w,f/

BioShock &JU aemuf

xyf atmosphere u Resi-

dent Evil vkd survival hor-

ror theme jzpfygw,f/ Ra-

pture jrdKUawmfol jrdKUawmf

om;awG[m Adam udk tvGJ

oHk;pm;vkyf&if; aMumufruf

zG,f? &GH&SmzG,fowå0gqdk;MuD;

awG jzpfukefMuw,f/ jyD;

awmh aoqHk; ,dk,Gif;aeMu

wJh tavmif;aumifawGeJY

jynfhESufaew,f/ ysufpD;

,dk,Gif;aewJh a&atmufjrdKU

awmfxJu &ifwzdkzdk aMumuf

vefY wkefvIyfp&m taiGY

toufawG ay;urf;xm;yg

w,f/ &ifqkdifMuHKawGY&r,fh

ZmwfaumiftrsKd;tpm; oHk;ck

&Sdw,f/ &efvdkcufxefMurf;

wrf;wJh "splicers" awG yHkpH

trsKd;rsKd;eJYvmw,f/ tcsKdUu

oifhudk vufypfAHk;eJY xk&if

xkr,f/ o&JwapäawGvdk ay:

vkdufaysmufvkduf ajcmufvSefY

wwfao;w,f/

Adam ypönf;u ,ck

tcg xyfí xkwfvkdYr&Ekdif

awmhbl;/ 'gaMumifh olwdkYudk

qufí pm;oHk;jcif;rjyKawmh

wJh aoqHk;jyD; tavmif;awG

u wpfausmhjyef,l&r,f/

tJ'DtwGuf "Little sisters"

qdkwJh Zmwfaumifav;awG


123

ART OF GAME

&Sdw,f/ ajcmufESpf? ckepfESpf

t&G,f uav;rav;awGyg/

olwdkYu aq;xdk;tyfav;

ukdifjyD; tavmif;aumifawG

Mum; vSnfhvnfcsOf;uyfum

Adam ypönf;awG jyefvnf

pkaqmif;,lMuw,f/ olwdkY

u bmrQtEÅ&m,frjyKayr,fh

Adam ypönf; rjzpfrae vdk

wJh oifeJY wpfrsKd;wpfzHk ywf

oufvm&OD;r,f/

Little Sister awGudk

umuG,f apmifha&SmufzdkY&m

Zmwfaumif &S dao;w,f/

tJ'guawmh *drf;&JU mascot

yHk&dyfvdkYvnf;qdkEkdifwJh Big

Daddies jzpfygw,f/ olwdkY

udk ESdrfeif;&wmcufw,f/

EdkYaeygOD;/ oifu little sis-

ters awG? Big Daddies awG

eJY b,fvdk ywfoufvm&

ovJ/ tajzuawmh Adam

u &&SdwJh plasmids awG

aMumifh jzpfygw,f/ tJ'D

plasmids awGeJ Y rsK d;A DZ

ajymif;vJrIawG jyKvkyfjyD; oifh

Zmwfaumifudk jyKjyiftqifh

twef;jr§ifhum arSmf magic

vdkrsKd; oHk;Ekdifygw,f/ oihf

cE¨mudk,frS rD;awmufawG

xGufatmif vkyfEkdifw,f/

Telekinesis eJY oifh&JU b,f

bufvufudk Half-Life 2 &JU

gravity gun vdkrsKd; oHk;Ekdif

w,f/ Insect swarm eJY ysm;

aumif tkyfvkdufMuD; oifh

&efolqD csdef&G,fypfcwfEkdif

w,f/ Enrage eJY &efol

tcsif;csif; jyefvnf wkduf

ckdufapEkdifw,f/

Plasmids awG&zdkY Lit-

tle Sister awGqD csOf;uyf&

r,f/ Big Daddies awGeJY

owfykwf&r,f/ tJ'Dtcg

*drf;u oifhtaeeJY udk,fusKd;

&Sm tjrwfxkwfzdkYyJ Munfh

rvm;/ rQr Qww vky f

rvm;/ a&G;cs,fqHk;jzwfcGifh

ay;w,f/ uav;rav;awG

qDu Adam awG tukef pkyf

,l&if 160 &r,f/ olwdkYawG

aoukefr,f/ olwdkY yHkrSef

jyefvnf&SifoefvmzdkYyJ pkyf,l

&if 80 yJ &ygvdrfhr,f/

Gameplay u FPS/

RPG py fxm;wJ h * dr f ;/

'gaMumifhoif[m tpOftvm

FPS u vufeufawGvnf;

qGJudkifoHk;pGJcGif h &aeygOD;

r,f/ typftcwftwGuf

vufeufawGuawmh oifh

cE ¨mud k,fxJu genetic

code awGavmuf high-

tech jzpfrSmr[kwfbl;/ pp

csif; teD;uyfowfykwfwkduf

cdkufzdkY cGwpfacsmif;&r,f/

vufypfAHk;awGu aumfzDbl;

vdk &&mpyf[yf jyKvkyfxm;

ovdkyJ/ pufaoewfuawmh

oifh&JU tajccH tommy gun

tqifhavmufyJ &S dw,f/

aemuf shotgun eJY 'l;av;

awGvnf; &&Sdygr,f/

*&yfzpftykdif;rSm Un-

reals tif*sif&JU tpGrf;udk

tqHk;pGeftxd oHk;pGJxm;jyD;

taumif;qHk;aom water

effects awG yg&Sdw,f/ ywf

0ef;usifu a&atmuf jrdKU

awmf MuD;y J r[kwfvm;/

aemuf Havok engine &JU

aus;Zl;eJY obm0 usvSaom

½lyaA' pnf;rsOf;u *&yfzpf

udk tm;jznfhay;xm;w,f/

t&m0w¬Kypönf;awGeJY 0if

a&muf wdk;wkdufrdwm? ypf

cwfwmawGu tjyifrSm jzpf

wJhtwkdif; awGY&r,f/ enf;

ynmydkif;tjyif tEkynm

ajrmuf art design uvnf;

tjydKifr&SdEkdifbl;/ Rapture

u tcsdefumv wpfckwnf;

rSm ydwfrdaewJhjrdKU/ *drf; wpf

avQmuf tJ'Dumv taiGY

toufawG txift&Sm;

awGY&w,f/ eD,Gefqkdif;bkwf

u pmvHk;yHkpHutp wpfjydKif

wnf;rSm vS vnf; vS?

aMumuf ruf zG,f vnf;

aumif;atmif art design u

jyKvkyfay;w,f/ &&Sdzd k Y&m

tvGefcufcJwJh twGJtpyf

ayyJ/

vGJacsmfp&m taMumif;

r&Sdygbl;/ BioShock [m

wu,fvuf&majrmufypönf;/

'DESpf&JU game of the year

&zkdY xkdufwefaejyD/ a&SUrSm

wkef;u Casablanca vdk

*E¦0if½kyf&SifeJY EdIif;,SOfcJhwm

MuHKovdkcyfayghaygh/ EdIIif;,SOf

cJ hwm r[kwfbl;/ *E¦0if

½kyf&SifawGu uRefawmfwdkY&JU

,Ofaus;rIawG tEkynm

ajrmuf ukd,fpm;jyK wifEkdif

ovdkrsKd; BioShock u *drf;

awGrSm wifjyEk difcJ hw,f/

ckaecgrSm tJ'D*drf;udk ajy;

0,fvdkufygqdkwmuvGJjyD;

bmrQ ajymp&m r&Sdawmh/

aMomf oifh&JU oli,fcsif;

twGufvnf; tydkwpfck 0,f

vkdufygOD;aemf/

rSwfrSwf&& BioShock

taMumif; preview taeeJY

pa&;wkef;u 2006 ckESpf

atmufwdkbmv/ tckqdk&if

wpfESpfwif;wif;jynfhcJhygjyD/

xl;uJaumif;rGefwJh *drf;qdk

wm AHk;aygvatm xGufrvm

wwfbl;/ 'DvdkyJ apmifh&wm

ayghav/

(REVIEW)

1946 ckESpf? Edk0ifbm

5 &ufaeYrSm Andrew Ryan

u Rapture udk xlaxmif

w,f/ ]MuD;jrwfxl;uJolawG

udk ao;EkyfwJholawGu wHkYqGJ

xm;vdkYr&wJh a&atmufjrdKU

awmfMuD;}/

aemuf 14 ESpftMum

rSmawmh Ryan &JU tdyfrufu

t&nfaysmf vGifhjyefoGm;jyD/

awGYorQ vlwkdif;u ½l;ae

Muw,f/ Rapture rSm oifh

&JUwpfOD;wnf;aom rdwfaqG

u olYukd,fol Atlas vdkYac:

wJh a&'D,dkrSvmwJh toH&SifyJ

jzpfygw,f/ oif &SifoefzdkY&m

vdkwJh owif; tcsuftvuf

awG MudK;pm; ajymjyay;

w,f/ 'gayr,fh ol ukd,f

wkdifuvnf; enf;enf;awmh

acsmifaejyD/ usifh0wf twm;

tqD;u vGwfajrmufaewJh

Rapture odyÜHynm&SifawG

[m plasmids vdkY ac:wJh

t&m zefwD;cJhMuw,f/ gen-

etics ta&mtpyfu toHk;

jyKoludk plygvlom; pGrf;&nf

awGay;w,f/ 'gayr,fh

toHk;vGefwJhtcg oGufoGuf

vnfatmif ½l;oGm;apw,f/

tck awGYae&wJh vlawGjzpfae

wm tJ'Dtwkdif; twdtus

aygh/ Bioshock [m a&G;

cs,frItaMumif; *drf;yJ jzpfyg

w,f/ b,fa&G;cs,frIwpfck

rS rSefw,fvnf;r&Sdbl;/ rSm;

w,fvnf; r&Sdbl;/ b,fol

rSvnf; [D;½dk; ol&Jaumif;

r[kwfbl;/ b,folrSvnf;

ADvdefr[kwfbl;/ b,folYqD

rSmrS t<uif;rJh trSefw&m;

qdkwm r&Sdygbl;/ awGY&orQ

twm;tqD;wkdif;rSm ajz&Sif;


124

csuf rsm;pGm&Sdw,f/ 'gay

r,fh bmudkrQ xif&Sm; yGifh

vif;pGm ajymjyrSmr[kwfbl;/

Bioshock [m oifh vufudk

ukdifqGJjyD; vrf;jyzdkY&mudk jiif;

qefxm;w,f/ oifh&JU ywf

0ef;usifu oifh&JUtaumif;

qHk; tool jzpfygw,f/ 'gay

r,fh 'gudkoHk;pGJzdkY pdwful;pdwf

oef; tenf;i,fvdkvdrfhr,f/

Bioshock &JU a&G;cs,f

rI tajcjyK gameplay [m

Big Daddies eJ Y Little

Sisters yHkpHu vmw,f/

Sisters u aojyD;om; vl

awGqDu Adam vdkYac:wJh

t&mawG pkyf,lw,f/ tJ'geJY

plasmids topfawG 0,f&

w,f/ *drf;twGif;pGrf;aqmif

&nf&zdkY &SifoefzdkY&m oifhtae

eJY Adam awG vdkw,f/

Little Sisters qD

a&mufzdkY oif[m Big Dad-

dies awGESdrfeif;&w,f/ *drf;

twGif;u tEÅ&m,f tMuD;

qHk;&efol jzpfygw,f/ orm;

½dk;us typftcwf AsL[meJY

tvkyf rjzpfavmufatmif

tumtuG,f armour xl

xyfw,f/ Turrets

tajrmufawGeJY vSnfhypfckdif;

wm? wjcm; &efoleJY wnf

ay;wm? csKHcdkwkdufzdkY rQm;ac:

wm ywf0ef;usifu cGifhjyK

orQ aygif;pHk oHk;&ygr,f/

Little Sisters qD

a&mufwmeJY tjcm;a&G;p&m

wpfck&Sdw,f/ uav;rav;

toGif jzpfaewJh olwdkYudk

owfvdkuf&if Adam ESpfq

&r,f/ 'gayr,fh touf&Sif

usefaeqJ odyÜHynm&Sif Tan-

enbaum udk a'gojzpfap

r,f/ olwdkYudk touf&SifcGifh

ay;&if Adam tcsKdUyJ&r,f/

'gayr,fh Atlas uawmh

olwdkY[m vlr[kwfwJh mo-

nsters awGvkdY ajymwmyJ/

olrSef&if b,fvdkvkyfrvJ/


125


126

ART OF GAME (PREVIEW)

*drf;awG&JU oufwrf;udk

expansion pack awGeJY tjrJ

qGJqefYEdkifw,f/ tajcus

&if;ESD;jyD;t&mrSm qef;opf

rGrf;rHrIawG aygif;xnfhay;

awmh replay wefzdk; wuf

vmum r½dk;Edkifatmif jzpf&

w,f/ ,ck Flight Simula-

tor X &JU expansion rSm

av,mOf trsKd;tpm;opf

oHk;pif;? rpf&Siftopf 'gZif

aygif; rsm;pGmeJY tjcm; qef;

opfwJh tao;pdwfusrIawG

wavSMuD; xnfhay;xm;yg

w,f/

teD;uyf aphikMunfhr,f

qdk&if Microsoft Flight

Simulator X u jyKvkyfcJh

orQ &nfrSef;csuftMuD;qHk;

*drf;awGxJu wpfckygyJ/

av,mOfysHoef;rIudk wu,fh

tppfvdk obm0 ,kwådusus

zrf;qkyf yHkazmfay;zdkYxufudk

ydkygao;w,f/ 'D *drf;[m

wpfurÇmvHk; vTrf;jcHK jzefY

MuufwJh *drf;? j*dK[furÇmMuD;

&JU ajrrsufESmoGifjyif wpfck

vHk;udk rdk',fvfyHkpHjyKxm;½Hk

ru n aumif;uif,Hu

tvif; awmuf qHk; aom

Mu,f axmifaygif; rsm;pGm

udkyg wduspGm ae&mcs xnfh

oGif; ay;xm;ao;w,f/

atmifjrifrIawGvnf;

jrihfrm;pGm &&Sdxm;w,f/ 'D

pD;&D;&JU 25 ESpfwm oufwrf;

wpfavQmufrSm FSX u

ta&mif;& tjrefqHk; ver-

sion jzpfaMumif; rdkufu½dk

aqm hz fu qd kc J hygw,f/

'gaMumifh t&if*drf;pD;&D;awG

rSm r&SdcJhwJh expansion jref

jref xGuf&Sdvmwm qef;

awmh rqef;ygbl;/

trnftwdkif; vSpfvSpf

x jrefqefrIudk arQmfvihfxm;

yg/ jrefEIef; jrih frm;rI&JU

t&omudk Navy a&wyf&JU

zdwfzdwfawmuf aorif;

wref wdkufav,mOf F/A-

18A Hornet eJY awGUMuHK

cHpm;&r,f/ 'D *drf;u ½dk;½dk;

flight simulator om jzpfjyD;

wdkuf yGJ awG? ppf a&; awG

ryg0ifwm owdjyKyg/ 'g

aMumihf oif[m Hornet &JU

oGufvuf jrefqefrIudkyJ

cHpm;&ygr,f/ 'D expan-

sion xJrSmrS ygvmwJh tjynfh

t0 vkyfaqmifaom av

,mOfwif oabFmay:u ysH

wuf ysHqif;rIawG avhusihf

Edkifr,f/ av ,mOf wif

oabFmtay: qif;ouf&

jcif;u avaMumif; ysHoef;rI

rSm tcufcJqHk; tvkyfawG

xJu wpfck/ txl;ojzihf

nbufawGrSm jzpfygw,f/

Carrier qdkwmu vIyf&Sm;ae

wJh yvufazmif;MuD; qif;

oufwJhtcg oif[mOD;wnf

bufaxmih feJ Y edrh fqif;rI

tjrefEIef; rSef rrSef od&zdkY

tvif;e J Y tcsuf jyr Iud k

tvGef *½kpdkuf Munfh½I&zdkY

&Sdygw,f/

a&S; a[mif; *E¦0if

taumif;pm;0dkifudk MudKuf

ESpfoufwwfolrsKd;twGuf

P-51D Mustang av,mOf

yg&Sdvmw,f/ 'kwd, urÇm

ppf twGif;u ausmfMum;

vSwJh wma0;oHk; wdkufav

,mOf jzpfygw,f/ Mus-

tang u *drf;twGif;rS races

jydKifyGJtopfrsm;pGmrSm toHk;


127

ART OF GAME(PREVIEW)

usvdrhfr,f/ Acceleration

Pack twGif;rSm ausmfMum;

vSwJh Reno Air Racing

Circuit tjyif cross-coun-

try racing awGvnf; ygvm

w,f/ Multiplayer races

awGyg xnfhoGif;vmvd k Y

tGefvdkif;ay:uaejyD; tjcm;

upm;olawGeJ Y ,SOf jy d Ki f

upm;vmEdkifr,f/

wwd,eJY aemufqHk;

,mOftopfuawmh Agusta

West Land EH101. Flight

Simulator xJrSmawmh yxr

qHk;aom wmbdkifESpfckyg

[,fvDaumfywm/ tv,f

tvwfwef;pm; 0efcsD &[wf

,mOf jzpfygw,f/ 'gaMumifh

rpf&SifawGrSm oif[m 0efcsD

u&def;eJY ukefypönf;awG wif

wm? cswm jyKvkyf&r,f/

tjcm; rpf&SifwpfckrSm oif

[m awmif zavmf&D'gu

rl;,pfaq; o,faqmifvm

wJh av,mOfudk MudK;pm; wm;

qD;&jcif;rsm; yg0ifw,f/

FSX rSmrdwfquf xnfh

oGif;vmwJh rpf&Sif topfu

pD;&D;&JU qGJaqmifrIudk us,f

jyefYapvdrfhr,f/ Flight Si-

mulator game-play &JU

tm½Hk pdkuf rI u vGwfvyf

vif;yGihfpGm ysHoef;Edkifjcif;

tdkif'D,m jzpf yg w,f/

b,fvdk av,mOfyJjzpfjzpf

MudKuf&ma&G;,ljyD; oif MudKuf

wJh ae&mrSm ysHoef;Edkifw,f/

rpf&SifawGuawmh game-

play twGif;rSm zGJUpnf; wnf

aqmufyHk structure xnfh

oGif;ay;vmw,f/ rD;avmif

aewJh a&eHwl;pifu vlawG

udk u,f&wmrsKd;? awmif

ypdzdwftay: pufcsKdU,Gif;ae

wJ h c& D ;onfwif *suf

av,mOf xdef;ausmif; qif;

oufap&jcif;rsKd;vdk pdefac:rI

yHkpHawGeJY jzpfygw,f/ Ac-

celeration rSm aygif;xnfh

ay;wJh rpf&SifawGu ydkjyD;

jzefYjyD;umvrSm DX 10 ren-

derer wifydkYr,fvdkY rdkufu½dk

aqmhzfrS ajymcJhw,f/ ydkjyD;

<u,f0pHkvifwJh visual tjrif

awG &&Sdr,fvdkYvnf; qdk

w,f/ Acceleration rSm

DX 10 taxmuftyHheJY wpf

cgwnf; wifydk YEd kifrvm;/

'grSr[kwf aemufrS service

pack 2 eJY aygif;xnfhay;rSm

vm;/ raocsmao;bl;/

'gayr,fh aocsmwmu DX

10 taxmuftyHh&zdkYtwGuf

awmh oif[m Acceleration

us,fjyefYwJh Zmwfvrf; jzpf

pOfawG vTrf;jcHKay;vdrhfr,f/

ta&;ay: emergency

rpf&SifawG? wdkufyGJeJY rouf

qdkifwJh ppfa&;rpf&SifawG?

w&m;Oya' pdk;rdk;a&; udpö

awG? ykwfjywfvkyfief;vufcH

yd k Yaqmifay;wJh yd kif;avmh

ponfwdkYtjyif 'DhxufydkjyD;

rsm;pGm yg0ifygao;w,f/

'D *drf;&JU Direct X 10

version taMumif;udkawmh

rod&ao;bl;/ tapmydkif;

&ufawGwkef;u aps;uGuf

udk rjzpfrae ydkifqdkifzdkY vdktyf

rSm r[kwfygbl;/ vuf&Sd

FSX ydkif&SifawG[m ¤if;

taxmuftyHheJY tjcm; fixes

jyifqifrIawGudk SP2 uae

jyD; tcrJh &&SdrSm jzpfygw,f/

Acceleration [m FSX

ydkif&SifawGtwGuf r&Sdrjzpf

expansions jzpfyHkay:w,f/

txl;ojzifh a&wyf navy

avaMumif; ysHoef;rIudk MudK;

pm;MunfhcsifwJhtcg jzpfyg

w,f/ 'DESpfaESmif;yd kif;rSm

xGufzdkY &Sdygw,f/


128

uGefysLwmtbd"mef

Bus. 0dkif,mtpkta0;wpfck jzpfonf/ ,if;0kdif,m tpk

ta0;rSwpfqifh tcsuftvufrsm;udk uGefysLwm\ tpdwf

tydkif;wpfckrS wpfckodkY xkwfvTifhonf/ Bus wpfckudk uGef

ysLwmtwGif; tcsuftvufrsm; c&D;oGm;aeonhf tjref

vrf;rwpfcktjzpf pOf;pm;Ekdifonf/ Personal computer

rsm;tm; &nfñTef;oHk;pGJonfhtcg bus [laom uGefysLwm

tm;vHk;udk CPU ESifh yifrrSwfÓPfwdkYESifh qufoG,fay;onf/

CPU ESifh yifrrSwfÓPfwdkYESifh access vkyf&ef expansion

slot rsm;ukd pGrf;aqmifay;onfh expansion bus wpfckvnf;

&Sdao;onf/ Bus tm;vHk;wGif tpdwftykdif; ESpfckyg&Sdonf/

Address bus wpfckESifh data bus wpfckwkdY jzpfMuonf/ Data

bus onf tcsuftvuftppftrSefrsm;udk vTJajymif;ay;onf/

Address bus u tcsuftvufrsm; rnfonfhae&modkY

oGm;oihfonf qkdonfh owif;rsm;vTJajymif;ay;onf/ Width

[k odxm;Muonfh bus wpfck\ t&G,ftpm;onf ta&;BuD;

onf/ taMumif;rl wpfBudrfvQif tcsuftvuf rnfrQ

xkwfvTifhonfukd width u qHk;jzwfay;aomaMumifh jzpfonf/

Oyrmtm;jzifh 16 bit bus wpfckonf tcsuftvuf 16 bit

xkwfvTifhay;Edkifonf/ 32 bit wpfckonf tcsuftvuf 32

bit xkwfvTif hay;Ed kifonf/ Bus wkdif;wGif MHz jzif h

wdkif;wmonfh clock speed wpfck &Sdonf/ jrefqefonfh

bus wpfckonf tcsuftvufrsm;udk jrefqefpGm xkwfvTifhcGifh

jyKonf/ odkYjzifh application rsm;udk jrefqefpGm run

vkyfaponf/ PC rsm;ay:wGif ISA bus ta[mif;rsm;udk PCI

uJhodkY ydkíjrefqefonfh bus rsm;jzifh tpm;xkd;vsuf&Sdonf/

,aeYxkwfvkyfonfh PC trsm;pkonf jrefqefonfh tcsuf

tvufajymif;EIef; vdktyfonfh video data uJhodkY tcsuf

tvufrsm;twGuf local bus wpfck yg&Sdonf/ Local bus

onf jrefEIef;jrifh vrf;aMumif;wpfck jzpfNyD; y½dkqufqmodkY

wkduf½dkuf qufoG,fay;onf/ Apple macintosh uGefysLwm

rsm;ay:wGif bus trsKd;tpm;rsKd;pHk toHk;jyKxm;onf/ Mac

ta[mif;rsm;onf Nu Bus [k ac:onfh bus ukd toHk;jyKNyD;

Mac topfrsm;wGif PCI udk toHk;jyKonf/

Bus clock speed. uGefysLwmxJ&Sd main bus \ clock

speed jzpfonf/ ¤if;onf main central processor \

clock speed ESifh wlcsifrS wlnDrnf jzpfonf/

Business presentation graphics. pD;yGm;a&;

vkyfief; e,fy,fwpf&yfwGif *&yfzpfyHkazmfcsufrsm; zefwD;ay;

&ef 'DZkdif;yHkpHxkwfxm;aom txl;*&yfzpf y½dk*&rfrsm; jzpf

onf/ pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;rsm;onf *&yfzpfypönf; (wpfcgwpf&H

wGif Z,m;rsm;? *&yfzpfrsm;udk &nfñTef;onf/) tenf;

tusOf;om vkdtyfonf[k ,if;y½dk*&rfrsm;u ,lqxm;Mu

onf/ *&yfzpfyHkrsm;? text Z,m;rsm;? zGJUpnf;yHkZ,m;rsm;?

ukefpnfpD;qif;rI*&yfrsm;ponfwkdY jzpfonf/ Business

presentation graphics wGif tcsuftvufESifh udef;*Pef;

rsm;udk xnffhoGif;ay;NyD; ,if;owif;tcsuftvufrsm;tm;

rnfuJhodkY azmfjyvdkonfukd owfrSwfay;&onf/ usefonfh

tydkif;ukd *&yfzpfy½kd*&rfrsm;u wm0ef,lNyD; owfrSwfxm;

onfh *&yfrsm;? Z,m;rsm; a&;qGJay;onf/ xkdYaemufwGif

rdrdtaejzifh ukd,fykdiftoHk;jyK&ef *&yfrsm;? Z,m;rsm;ukd ydkrdk

aumif;rGefatmif zefwD;,lEkdifonf/ Business presentation

graphics rsm;pGmwGif disk ay:rS zkdifrsm;udk txl;aqmif&GufrI

e,fy,fqDokdY ydkYay;NyD; qvdkufum;csyfrsm; (slide) tjzpf

zefwD;,lEkdifonf/ rdrdtaejzifh slide projector (qvdkuf

um;jypuf)toHk;jyKNyD; qvdkufyHkrsm;ukd azmfjyay;Ekdifygonf/


129

uGefysLwmtbd"mef

bufpHkvlxkqufoG,fa&; PC rsm; ay:vmonfhtcgwGif

business presentation y½dk*&rfrsm;pGmonf toHk;jyKol\

*&yfzpf yHkazmfcsufrsm;wGif toHESifhvIyf&Sm;rIrsm;udk jznfhpGuf

ay;vmMuonf/ þvkyfief;e,fy,fwGif vuf&Sdenf;ynmrSm

ajcvSrf;usJusJjzifh wkd;wufaeygonf/

Bus master. uGefysLwmxJ&Sd bus udk xdef;csKyfaom device

jzpfonf/ omrefqkdvQif ¤if;onf processor u vkyfaqmif

&rnf jzpfonf/ okdYaomf pGrf;&nfjrifh uGefysLwmrsm;wGif

video adapter okdYr[kwf disk controller wdkYonf main

memory jzifh data vsifjrefpGm ajymif;vJay;&ef bus udk

xdef;csKyfEkdifMuonf/ t"duqkdvdk&if;rSm processor udk

tvkyfr½IyfapbJ main memory ESifh qufoG,fí data udk

ay;ydkYvufcHjcif;enf;vrf;wpfrsKd;jzpfonf/ uGefysLwmwGif

bus master graphics card wpfck&Sdygu ¤if;onf omref

graphic wpfckxuf data udk ykdívsifjrefpGm ay;ydkYí ½kyfoHrsm;

ukd vsifjrefpGm a&;qGJazmfjyapEkdifonf/

aMumif;onf tjcm; message tm;vHk;udk vspfvsL½Ium node

qDokdY ay;ykdYaeonfh message rsm;twGuf bus udk xdef;

ausmif; wnfhrwfay;onf/

Button. uGefysLwmrsufESmjyifay:wGif azmfjyay;aom

av;axmifhcvkwfwHk;uav;jzpfonf/ Mouse pointer udk

button ay:odkY csdef&G,fí click vkyfvkdufygu tvkyf

wpfckckukd vkyfay;onf/ Oyrm Windows rS xGufvkdaom

tcgwGif ‘‘Are you sure you want to leave’’ [lí

message ar;NyD; ]] OK}} ESifh ]] Cancel }} [laom button

ESpfckudk azmfjyonf/ OK button udk click vkyfvkdufyg

uWindows rS xGufoGm;onf/ tvm;wlyif Windows

95 wGif uGefysLwmrsufESmjyif\ b,fbuf atmufbuf

axmifhwGif start button &Sdonf/ ¤if; button udk click

vkyfvkdufygu menu wpfckxGufvmNyD; vkd&mudk a&G;cs,f

Ekdifonf/ Buttons trsKd;tpm;rsm;pGm&Sdaomfvnf; radio

buttons ESifh push-buttons wkdYudk toHk;rsm;onf/ Radio

button onf options rsm;pGmxJrS BudKuf&mwpfckud k

a&G;cs,f&mwGif oHk;aombutton jzpfonf/ (check – box

ESifh rwlyg)/ Push-button rSm action wpfckckudkvkyf&ef

oHk;aom button jzpfonf/ Multimedia-applications

rsm;pGmESifh tifwmeuf ay:&Sd www page wdkYwGif images

½kyfyHkwdkYukdbutton tjzpf oHk;xm;onfukd awGYEkdifonf/

¤if;½kyfyHkwdkYukd click vkyfjcif;jzihf wpfckckudk action vkyfaqmif

aponf/ ¤if;wdkYukd omref button ESifh tac:ta0: uGJjym;

ap&eftwGuf hot-spots [k ac:avh&SdMuonf/

Button bar. Microsoft Word. Works, Excel ponfwkdY

uJhodkYaom application rsm;wGif menu bar \ atmufbuf

wGif awGY&aom button rsm;pGm tpDt&D&Sdaeonhf bar wpfck

Bus mouse. &&SdEkdifonfh expansion slot wpfcktwGif;odkY

xnfhoGif;xm;onfh mouse adapter wpfckjzihf uGefysLwmodkY

qufoG,f&onfh mouse wpfrsKd;jzpfonf/

Bus network . Local area network rsm;xJwGif Apple

Talk ESifh Ethernet wdkYu toHk;jyKonhf A[kdxdef;csKyfrI

zsufxm;onfh uGef&uf topology jzpfonf/ Oyrmtm;jzihf

bus network xJwGif wpfckwnf;aom qufoG,frIvkdif;

jzpfonfh bus udk workstation rsm; tygt0if node twef;

rsm;rsm;ESifh peripheral rsm;? file server rsm;u rQa0

oHk;pGJMuonf/ (yHkwGifMunhfyg/) Bus network wpfckwGif

workstation wpfckonf message wkdif;udk tjcm; work-

station tm;vHk;odkY ay;ykdYonf/ uGef&ufxJrSm node toD;

oD;wGif oD;jcm; address wpfck&SdNyD; vufcH"mwfpD;ywfvrf;


130

uGefysLwmtbd"mef

jzpfonf/ tqkdyg button toD;oD;wGif icon [kac:aom

½kyfyHkwpfckpD&SdMuNyD; button \ tvkyfaqmif&Gufcsufukd

ukd,fpm;jyK&nfñTef;azmfjyonf/ Button &Sd ½kyfyHkonf

rnfonfhtvkyfukd vkyfonfudk rcefYrSef;wwfygu mouse

pointer udk tqkdyg button ay:wGif csdef&G,faxmufxm;NyD;

puúefYtenf;i,fapmifhMunfhvdkufygu pmaMumif;i,fwpfck

ay:vmNyD; button rnfonfh tvkyfvkyfonfqkdonfukd

&Sif;vif;azmfjyay;onf/

Byte. Character wpfck odkYr[kwf 0 rS 9 txd *Pef;rsm;udk

tNrJwrf;udk,fpm;jyKaom bit &SpfvHk;wGJ tkyfpkwpfck jzpfonf/

Oyrm 01000001 byte onf tu©&m A udk ukd,fpm;jyKonf/

Byte xJrS 0 ESifh 1 wkdif;onf tajctae ESpf&yf&Sdonfhteuf

tajctaewpf&yfudk ukd,fpm;jyKMuonf/ 0 onf tydwf

tajctaeudkvnf;aumif;? 1 onf tyGifhtajctaeudkvnf;?

ukd,fpm;jyKonf/ 0 ESifh 1 rsm;udk &SpfvHk;wGJtrsKd;rsKd; wGJpyf

oHk;jcif;jzifh uGefysLwmwpfvHk;xJrS tcsuftvuftm;vHk;

jzpfay:vmonf/

C. uGefysLwm\ yxrqHk;aom hard drive ukd C [k

oHk;avh&Sdonf/

C. 1970 jynfhvGefESpfrsm;twGif; wDxGifcJhonfh tqifhjrifh

bmompum;wpf&yf jzpfonf/ taxGaxG &nf&G,fcsuf

twGuf toHk;jyKonfh bmompum;jzpfNyD; y½dk*&rfa&;ol

taejzifh function [kac:onfh tydk command rsm;udk zefwD;

apEkdifonf/ C jzifh jyKvkyfxm;aom erlem program udk

atmufwGif azmfjyxm;onf/

main ( )int length, width area, circumlength = 40 ;width = 30 ;area = length * width;circum = 2 * (length + width)print f (‘’length % 5 d\ n !! width);print f (‘’n\’’) % 5 d\ n!!print f (‘’Area % 5 d\ n!! area)print f (‘’circum ference % 5 d\n!! circum);

C++.Bell lab wGif b,meDpxa&mufpf x&yfwDxGifonfh

tqifhjrifhy½dk*&rfa&;bmompum; wpf&yfjzpfonf/ C

language ay:wGif tajccHzGHYNzKd;a&;pepfwpf&yf jzpfonf/ C++

onf ,if;\a&SUu xGufay:onfh C wGif object tm;jyKonfh

feature rsm; jznfhpGufay;onf/ C++ onf Windows ESifh

Macintosh environment rsm;wGif run onfh *&yfzpfqkdif&m

application rsKd;rsm; twGuf vlBudKuftrsm;qHk; y½dk*&rfa&;

bmompum; jzpfonf/

Cache. ]]uuf&Sf}}[k toHxGufonf/ txl;tjrefEIef;jrifh

odkavSmifa&;,EÅ&m; wpfckjzpfonf/ yifrrSwfÓPf\ t&ef

aqmifxm;onfh tpdwftydkif;wpfck odkYr[kwf oD;jcm; wnf&Sd

onfh jrefEIef;jrifhodkavSmifa&; device wpfckvnf; jzpfEkdif

onf/ Personal computer rsm;wGif memory caching

ESifh disk caching [lonfh caching trsKd;tpm;ESpf&yfukd

toHk;rsm;onf/ Cache store okdYr[kwf RAM cache [k

wpfcgwpf&H ac:avh&Sdonfh cache memory wpfckonf

yifrrSwfÓPftwGuf toHk;jyKonfh ykdíaES;? ykdíaps;aygonfh

dynamic RAM (DRAM) tpm; jrefEIef;jrifh static RAM

(SRAM) jzifh zGJYpnf;xm;onfh rSwfÓPftpdwftydkif; jzpf

onf/ Memory caching onf xda&mufrI&Sdonf/ tb,f

aMumifhqkdaomf y½dk*&rftrsm;pkonf wpfckwnf;aom data

odkYr[kwf instruction rsm;udk tBudrfBudrf access vkyfMu

aomaMumifh jzpfonf/ þowif;tcsuftvuf trsm;pkudk

SRAM xJwGif wwfEkdiforQ xdef;odrf;xm;jcif;jzifh uGefysL

wmonf DRAM tm; access vkyfjcif;udk a&Smif&Sm;onf/

tcsKdU cache memory rsm;ukd rkdufu½dky½dkqufqm zGJYpnf;yHk

xJwGif xnfhoGif;wnfaqmufxm;onf/ Oyrmtm;jzifh Intel

80486 rkdufu½dky½kdqufqmwGif 8K cache memory

yg&Sdonf/ Pentium wGif 18K cache wpfck yg&Sdonf/

,if;uJhodkYaom internal cache rsm;udk wpfcgwpf&HwGif

level 1(L1) cache rsm;[k ac:qkdMuonf/ acwfrD PC

trsm;pkonfvnf; level 2 (L2) [kac:onfh external

cache memory rsm;jzifh vmMuonf/ ,if; cache rsm;onf

CPU ESifh DRAM Mum;wGif ae&m,lMuonf/ L1 cache

rsm;uJhodkYyif L2 cache rsm;udk SRAM jzifh zGJUpnf;xm;onf/


131

uGefysLwmtbd"mef

okdYaomfvnf; t&G,fykdí BuD;rm;Muonf/ Disk caching

onf memory caching ESifh wlnDonfh oabmw&m;

ESpfrsKd;jzifhyif tvkyfvkyfonf/ odkYaomfvnf; disk cache

wpfckonf jrefEIef;jrifh SRAM tpm; orm;½dk;us yifr

rSwfÓPfudk toHk;jyKonf/ Disk (¤if;ESifh uyfvsuf sector

rsm;)rS vwfwavm xkwf,lxm;onfh tcsuftvufrsm;udk

memory buffer wpfckwnf;wGif odrf;qnf;xm;onf/

y½dk*&rfwpfckonf disk udk t&ifqHk; ppfaq;onf/ Disk

caching onf application rsm;\ pGrf;aqmif&nfukd

ododomom wkd;wufaumif;rGefapEkdifonf/ taMumif;rl

RAM xJrS tcsuftvuf 1 byte udk access vkyfjcif;xuf

tqaygif;rsm;pGm ydkrdkjrefqefapaomaMumifh jzpfonf/

Cache xJwGif tcsuftvufrsm;udk awGU&Sd&onfhtcg

cache hit jzpfonf[k ac:qkdMuonf/ Cache wpfck\

xufjruf xda&mufrIudk cache hit jzifh qHk;jzwfonf/ Cache

system rsm;p Gmonf smart caching [kac:onf h

enf;pepfwpf&yfukd toHk; jyKonf/ þenf;pepfwGif system

onf rMumcPtoHk;jyKonhf tcsuftvuftrsKd;tpm;udk

rSwfrdEkdifonf/ Cache xJwGif rnfonfh owif;tcsuf

tvufrsKd; odrf;qnf;xm;oihfonfukd qHk;jzwf&onfh tvkyf

rSm uGefysLwmodyHÜynm&yftwGif;wGif ykdí pdwf0ifpm;p&m

aumif;onfh jyóemrsKd;udk azmfaqmifay;onf/

CAD. Computer–Aided Design (uGefysLwm toHk;cs

'DZkdif;) ukd twkdaumufac:jcif; jzpfonf/ ,aeY tif*sifeD,m

rsm;ESifh 'DZdkif;yHkxkwform;rsm;onf taqmufttHkwpfck odkY

r[kwf wpfpdwfwpfydkif;\yHkpHudk zefwD;&mwGif CAD y½dk*&rf

rsm;udk rsm;pGm tm;xm;Muonf/ CAD jzifh 'DZkdif;yHkpHrsm;udk

oHk;zufjrif yHkpHrsm;tjzpf zefwD;Ekdifonf/ tao;pdwf trsKd;rsKd;

a&;qGJEkdifonf/ CAD udk toHk;jyKjcif;jzifh tif*sifeD,m

rsm;onf tpdwftydkif;wpfckukd wu,fwrf; rwnfaqmufrD

,if;tpdwftydkif;udk yHkay:wGif ppfaq;NyD; tm;enf;csufrsm;?

tjypftemtqmrsm;udk &SmMunfhEkdifonf/ tcsKdUy½dk*&rfrsm;

onf puf,EÅ&m;wpfck pdwfcs&jcif; &Sdr&Sd qHk;jzwf&eftwGuf

pufuvlom;tay:wGif usa&mufaprnfh 'Pftm; (stress)

udk prf;oyfppfaq;ay;Ekdifonf/ tpdwftydkif;wpf&yf okdY

r[kwf pufypönf;wpfckudk xkwfvkyf&ef xkwfvkyfolu

qHk;jzwfvdkufonfhtcgwGif y½dk*&rfa&;qGJolrsm;onf txl;

uGefysLwmoHk; pufwpfvHk;tm; ,if;tpdwftydkif;udk rnfokdY

jzwfawmuf&rnf? rnfuJhokdY vGefxGif;&rnfudk ñTefMum;&ef

twGuf 'DZkdif;yHkpHxJrStwkdif;twmrsm;udk toHk;jyKxm;onfh

y½dk*&rfwpf&yfukd a&;qGJMuonf/ tqkdyg pufrsK d;udk

uGefysLwm udef;*Pef;t& xdef;csKyfxm;aomud&d,m

Computer – Numerical – Controlled (CNC) device[k ac:onf/ ,if;ud&d,mrsm;onf y½dk*&rfxJrS ñTefMum;

csufrsm;udk vkdufemNyD; pufypönf;tpdwftydkif;tm; owfrSwf

onfh twkdif;twm&&Sdatmif jzwfawmufypf&ef ud&d,mwpfck

(vGefwpfacsmif;uJhodkYypönf;)udk a&TUay;onf/ ,if;ukd

uGefysLwmtultnDjzifh ukefxkwfvkyfjcif; Computer –

Aided – Manufacturing (CAM) [k ac:onf/

CAFS. Content addressable file store udk Munfhyg/

CAI. Computer – Assisted – Instruction udk Munfhyg/

CAL. Computer Assisted learning udk Munfhyg/

calculated filed. Database y½kd*&rfwpfckwGif field

entry wpfck odkYr[kwf wpfckxufydkí yg0ifaom rSwfwrf;

rsm;udk zefwD;Edkifonf/ rSwfwrf;wpfckpDwGif vlwpfOD;wnf;?

ae&mwpfae&mwnf;? pufypönf;wpfrsKd;wnf;ESifhqkdifaom

owif;tcsuftvuf rsm;&Sdaeonf/ Field wpfckpDwGif vl?

ae&mESifh ypönf;rsm;ESifhqkdifonfh owif;tcsuftvufrsm;om

&Sdonf/ Oyrm vrf;? vdyfpm odkYr[kwf w,fvDzkef;eHygwf

ponfwkdY jzpfonf/ Calculated field wpfckwGif tjcm; field

rsm;ukd toHk;jyKaqmif&Gufxm;aom wGufcsufrI&v'frsm;

yg0ifaeonf/ Oyrm arG;ouú&mZfrSaeí toufukd wGufcsuf

Ekdifonf/ oHk;vpm ta&mif;pm&if;rsm;ukd aygif;jcif;jzifh oHk;v

ywf ta&mif;pm&if;udk wGufcsufEkdifonf/

(qufvufazmfjyygrnf)

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132

TUTORIAL

Effect 5: Basic ProMotion

1/Adobe Photoshop xJodkY 0ifyg/ File > New udk a&G;í

W = 4000px, h = 3560 px, Resolution = 72, back-ground = Transparet wefzkd;rsm; ajymif;í OK wGif click

ESdyfyg/

3/Adobe Premiere pro xJodkY 0ifí project topfwpfck

,lxm;ay;yg/ File > Import udk a&G;í odrf;xm;aom

psd file udk zGifhay;yg/ Dialog box usvmwJhtcg

Imports As wGif Footage ESifh Layer Options wGif

Merged Layers udk a&G;í OK wGif click ESdyfyg/

2/pm&GufxJwGif toHk;jyKvkdaom "mwfyHk 4 yHkudk ykHwGifjy

xm;onfhtwkdif; tpOfvdkuf xm;ay;í yHkwpfyHkcsif;pDudk

Window > Style xJrS DropShowdow Style udk

xnhfay;yg/ jyD;vQif Photoshop (.psd)Format jzifh odrf;

ay;yg/ Photoshop udk ydwfay;yg/

4/Project Window xJrS psd file ay:wGif Click zdqGJí

Timeline xJ&Sd Viedo 2 track xJokdY qGJxnhfay;yg/

yHkrsm;udk a&TUvsm;rI jyKvkyf&eftwGuf Keyframe rsm; xnhf

í toHk;jyK&rSm jzpfygw,f/ Keyframe rsm;udk jrif&atmif

video 2 pmom;ab;wGif&Sd ( ) Triangle wGif click ESdyfyg/

'kwd, button jzpfaom show keyframe wGif click ESdyfí

Show Keyframes udk a&G;xm;ay;yg/


133

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TUTORIALTUTORIAL

5/xkdYaemuf Video 2 track &Sd psd file ay:wGif Right

click ESdyfí Speed/ Duration ukd a&G;yg/ Dialog box

xJrS Duration wefzkd;wGif 1800 ½dkufxnhfí Enter

acgufyg/ 18 puúefY MumcsdefowfrSwfwm jzpfygw,f/

Psd file &JU taetxm;udk view Munhf&eftwGuf

Timeline atmufajcrS Trangle ay:wGif ab;b,fnm

a&TUMunhfyg/

ESifh position = 730, 505 ½dkufxnhfí yxryHkudk screen

ay:wGif jrif&atmif ae&mcsdefay;yg/ wpfpuúefYae&mwGif

keyframe rsm; Auto xnhfoGm;ygvdrhfrnf/ ae&ma&TU&ef

twGuf screen ay:rS yHkay:wGif click zdqGJí ae&mcsxm;

Edkifygw,f/

8/Timeline xJrS Duration wGif 300 ½dkufxnhfay;yg/

Effect Control xJrS Position ESifh scale ae&mwGif Add/

Remove keyframe wGif click ESdyfyg/ Timeline xJrS

Duration udk 500 ½dkufxnhfay;yg/ Screen ay:wGif

'kwd,yHk jrif&atmif shift key zdí qGJa&TUay;yg/6/Monitor Window rS Effect Controls tab wGif click

ESdyfyg/ jyD;vQif Home key udk ESdyfí Edit line udk tpodkY

xm;ay;yg/ Effect Control xJrS Motion ab;&Sd arrow

wGif click ESdyfyg/ Scale wefzkd;wGif 15 ½dkufxnhfí

yHkwpfckvHk; jrif&atmif Munhfxm;ay;yg/ yHktaetxm;ay:

rlwnfí wefzkd;rsm; ajymif;vJowfrSwfay;yg/

7/Keyframe xnfh&ef Effect Controls xJrS Position ESifh

Scale pmom;ab;&Sd Toggle animation button wGif

click ESdyfyg/ Timeline xJ&Sd Duration wGif click ESdyfí

100 ½dkufxnhfay;yg/ Effect control xJrS scale = 35

9/Duration wGif 700 ½dkufxnhfí tqifh 8 twkdif; Posi-

tion ESifh Scale ae&mwGif Keyframe xnhfay;yg/

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134

TUTORIAL

10/ Duration wGif 800 ½dkufxnfhí pwkw¬yHkudk jrif&atmif

shift key jzifh screen ay:rS yHkay:wGif tay:bufodkY drag

qGJay;í csdefay;yg/ jyD;vQif Duration udk 1000 ½dkufxnfh

í tqifh 8 twkdif; keyframe xnhfay;yg/

Polation wdkYrS trsKd;tpm;rsm;udk a&G;cs,ftoHk;jyKEkdifyg

onf/ Scale key-frame rsm;ay:wGifvnf; Right click

ESdyfí xdkenf;wl jyKvkyfEkdifygw,f/

16/ File > New> Sequence udk a&G;yg/ Dialog box

usvmvQif OK wGif click ESdyfí Sequence topf

,lay;yg/ File > import jzifh aemufcHtoHk;jyKvdkaom

video file udk ac:wifay;yg/

17/ ac:xnhfxm;aom video file udk sequence2 &Sd video

1 track xJodkY qGJxnfhay;yg/ jyD;vQif project windows

xJ rS sequence 01 ay:wGif Drag qGJí video 2 track

xJodkY qGJxnhfay;yg/ xkdYaemuf play button wGif click

ESdyfí preview Munhfay;yg/

11/ Duration wGif 1100 ½kdufxnhfí pwkw¬yHk&JU scale

wefzkd;udk 75 avmuf ½kdufxnhfí jrifcsifaomae&m tpdwf

tykdif;udk screen ay:wGif ae&mqGJa&TUay;yg/ Duration

udk 1200 ½dkufxnhfí tqifh 8 twkdif; keyframe

xnhfay;yg/

12/ Duration wGif 1300 ½dkufxnhfí scale wefzkd;udk 35

jyef½dkufí tqifh 10 rS ae&mtwkdif; jyefxm;ay;yg/ Du-

ration 1400 ½dkufxnhfí tqifh 8 twkdif; keyframe

xnhfay;yg/

13/ Duration wGif 1500 ½dkufxnhfí wwd,yHkjrif&atmif

screen ay:wGif shift-key zdí nmbufodkY darg qGJjyD;

ae&mcsJUay;yg/ Duration 1600 ½dkufxnfhí tqifhtwkdif;

keyframe xnhfay;yg/

14/ Duration wGif 1700 ½kdufxnhfí yHk 4 yHkpvHk; jrif&atmif

scale wefzkd;udk jyefavQmhí ae&mcsxm;ay;yg/ Effect

Control xJrS opacity wGif keyframe xnfhay;yg/

Duration 1800 ½dkufxnfhí opacity wGif 0 % ½dkufay;yg/

15/ ae&ma&TU&mwGif taES;tjref Motion trsKd;tpm;rsm;

ajymif;vkdygu position keyframe wpfckay:wGif Right

Click ESdyfí Temporal InterPolation ESifh Special Inter-

Exporting MovieÄ File > Export > Movie udk a&G;yg/ Export Dialog

box usvmwJhtcg Settings button wGif click ESdyfyg/

Ä Settings dialog box xJrS General tab rS File Type

wGif Quick Time udk a&G;ay;yg/ toHk;jyKvdkaom

vkyfief;ay:wGif rlwnfí Video trsKd;tpm;rsm;udk


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aumfyDopfwpfckudk trnfuGJjzifh yGm;xm;&ygvdrfhrnf/

aumfyD ta[mif;rsm;udkvnf; t&Htwm;jzifh xm;&rnf/

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ments tm;vHk;udkvnf; folder wpfckwnf;wGif odrf;

xm;ay;&rnf/ tqkdyg folder udk rMumcPqkdovkd

backup vkyfxm;ay;jyD; master document \ ver-

sion ta[mif;wpfckrS ta&;ay: text recover vkyf&ef

vdktyfvmygu toHk;jyK&ef odrf;xm;ay;&onf/

• Word udk udkifwG,fae&if; xl;jcm;aom toGiftjyifrsKd;

jzpfvmonf[k owdxm;rdcJhygu vkyfvufprsm;udk save

vkyf,lum Word toHk;jyKjcif;udk ½kwfw&uf ydwfxm;

vdkufEkdifvQif taumif;qHk; jzpfonf/ xl;jcm;aom toGif

tjyifrsKd; qkdonfrSm Word taejzifh rnfonfhae&m?

rnfodkY format vkyf,laprnfudk azmfjyonfhtajctae

rsKd;? active document \ trnfrSefudk titlebar ay:wGif

azmfjyjcif;r&SdonfhtcgrsKd;? uGefysLwmudk,fwdkifu qwf

wGefYqwfwGefY tcif;tusif;rsKd; jzpfvmonfhyHkpHrsKd;rsm;

tygt0if orm;½dk;us toGiftjyifrsKd; r&Sdonfh jrifuGif;

rsKd;tm;vHk;udk qkdvkdjcif; jzpfonf/ (Word \ azmufjyef

rIudk &SmazG&ef owdjyKrdonfh {&d,mtwGif; right-click

ESdyfum Task Manager udk ac:,lvkdufyg/ jyD;vQif Proc-

ess tab udk click vkyf,lum CPU column \ xdyfpD;udk

wpfMudrf odkYr[kwf ESpfMudrfcefY click vkyfvkdufyg/ CPU

time used \ &mckdifEIef;jzifh jzpfay:&if; tajctjrpfudk

t&dyft>ruf xkwfjyvmygvdrfhrnf)

Working Safely with Master Documents

Word oifcef;pm�


140

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cvkwfudk click vkyfyg/ rdrd\ Word Window av;onf

rdrdESifhtwl wGJvkyfay;rnfh tpDtpOf ay:vmygvdrhfrnf/

Document \ xdef;csKyfrIudk awmif;cHEkdifaprnfhtajctaeudk

vdktyfcJhygu Allow Control cvkwfukd click vkyfay;&onf/

(omreftm;jzifh pkaygif; wnf;jzwfjcif;onf aumif;aom

pdwful;jzpfonf)yl;wGJtvkyfvkyfvdkcJhygu box twGif;rS

"Automatically accept requests for control'' udk check

trSwftom; jyKvkyfay;&onf/

NetMeeting jzifh oHk;rnfvm;? Messenger jzifh oHk;

rnfvm;[lonfh taetxm;ukd Sharing window jzifh roJ

ruGJ rjzpfap&ef Word udk taotcsm ppfaq;,l&ygonf/

tqkdyg window av;rsm;onf rdrdESifh rQa0vkyfudkifrnfhol

xHwGif desktop wpfckvHk; share taejzifh ray;cJhvQif blank

patch taejzifhom ay:vmapygvdrhfrnf/ (xkdodkY aqmif&Guf

jcif;jzifh rdrduGefysLwm vHkjcHKa&;pepfudk tMuD;tus,f taESmifh

t,SufjyKrnfh&efrS a0;aponf)

Figure 2-17NetMeeting rSwpfqifh Word vkyfief;pOfudk rQa0

vkyfudkifEkdifygonf/

Figure 2-18Windows Messenger onf application rQa0jcif;twGuf

xdef;csKyf&ef Sharing Session toolbar udk toHk;jyKonf/

Figure 2-19 wGif azmfjyxm;onfhtwkdif; Word win-

dow udk rQa0toHk;jyKvkdufonfESifh rdrdESifhtwl yl;aygif; vkyf

aqmifMurnfhyk*¾dKvfrsm; twlwuG pwif tvkyfvkyfEkdifMujyD

jzpfonf/ rnfonfhtajctaersKd;wGifjzpfap wpfOD;wnf;u

omvQif Word udk xdef;csKyf uGyfuJEkdifrnf jzpfygonf/ tjcm;

yk*¾dKvfwpfOD;OD;u tqkdyg xdef;csKyfrItwGuf vkyfukdifvkdcJhygu

awmif;cHrI jyK&onf/ awmif;cHrIjyK&ef application ay:wGif

double clicks vkyf,l&onf/ tu,fí control twGuf

tvdktavsmuf vufcH&ef enf;vrf;udk ra&G;cs,fxm;cJhygu

tcsdefwkdif prompt jyum cGifhawmif;aeygvdrhfrnf/

Sharing &yfem;&eftwGuf Tools odkY oGm;í NetMeet-

ing qkdygu sharing udk zGifhjyD; Application Sharing cvkwf

ukd ESdyf&onf/ Messenger qkdygu Sharing Session tool-

bar udk ESdyf&onf/ xkdYaemuf shared application a&G;axmuf

um Unshare cvkwfudk ESdyfay;vkduf&ygonf/

qufvuf azmfjyygOD;rnf

Figure 2-19Shared application wpfckay:wGif tvkyfvkyfae&jcif;wGif

uoduatmuf jzpfavmufonftxd aES;auG;rIawmh &Sdonf/

odkYaomf document wpfckwnf;udk yk*¾dKvf ESpfOD;xufru

tvSnhfus jyifqifrI jyKEkdifonf/


141

tqifh (1)

xl;jcm; vSywJh

tvif;ayguf

tutorial av;

vkyfMunfh

Mur,f/

ajymjyygr,f/

tqifh (2)

400 x 400 pixels t&G,f document topf

udk zefwD;yg/ Background udk teufa&mifeJY

jznfhyg/

Sky qdkwJh pmom;udk ½dkufxnfhyg/ yef;csD

qefwJh sans trsKd;tpm; font rsKd;qdk&if ydkaumif;

w,f/

aemuf xdk layer Style Dialog Box &JU

b,fbufu Inner Glow udk uvpfESdyfjyD;

atmufyg setting rsm;twdkif; xm;yg/

tqifh (3)

aemuf layer palette u fill udk 0 % txd

avQmhyg/ rjrif&wJhtxd jzpfoGm;r,f/ tJ'D text

layer tay:rSm Layer > Layer Style > Drop

Shadow odkY oGm;jyD; atmufyg setting rsm;

twdkif; xm;yg/

tqifh (4)

tqifh (5)

aemuf Bevel and Emboss tay: uvpf

ESdyfjyD; atmufyg setting rsm;twdkif; xm;yg/

OK udk ESdyfjyD; effect awG oufa&mufygap/


142

tqifh (7)

tqifh (6)

Ctrl + J udk ESdyfjyD; text layer udk yGm;yg/ Layer palette

tay:u tay:udk uvpfESdyfjyD; Layer style dialog

udk ac:,lyg/ Bevel and Emboss u vGJjyD; tjcm; effect

awGu check trSwfawG jzKwfyg/ Bevel and Emboss

twGuf atmufyg setting topfawG xnfhyg/

Contour tay:rSm double click ESdyfjyD; atmufyg

wefzdk;xm;yg/ OK udk ESdyfí setting udk oufa&mufygap/


143

tqifh (8)

Ctrl+J udk ESdyfjyD; text layer udk xyfyGm;yg/ Layer

Palette tay:u tay:uvpfESdyfjyD; layer style dia-

log udk ac:,lyg/ Contour u check trSwfudk jzKwfjyD;

atmufyg setting rsm;twdkif;xm;yg/ OK udk ESdyfí ouf

a&mufapwJhtcg oihf&JU½kyfyHku atmufygtwdkif; jzpfvmyg

r,f/ rlv text layer eJY aumfyDoHk;cktwGuf layer group zGJU

jyD; pkpnf;xm;yg/

'D text effect eJYywfoufjyD; xl;uJ aumif;rGefvSwJh t&m

uawmh tvif;aygufrIjzpfygw,f/ aemufcH ta&miftaoG;

eJY pyf[yfjyD; tvGefMunfhaumif;wJhyHkawG zefwD;,lEdkifygw,f/

tqifh (9)

uGefysLwm*sme,f atmufwdkbmv? 2007 ckESpff

144

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

Visual Basic.NET jzifh program a&;om;jcif; (4)

Basic.NetVisual

○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

Program (1) yk'fwGif yg0ifrnfh tajccH tpdwftydkif;rsm;

jzpfMuaom Variables rsm;? data types rsm;? operators

rsm;ESifh statements rsm;taMumif;wdkYukd ,cif tydkif; 1? 2?

3 wkdYwGif azmfjycJhjyD; jzpfygonf/

,cktMudrfwGif selection statements rsm;taMumif;udk

azmfjyoGm;ygrnf/ Selection statement qkdonfrSm rdrd\

program statements rsm;udk computer tm; tvkyfvkyfap

&mwGif a&G;cs,fí tvkyfvkyfap&ef a&;om;xm;aom stat-

ements rsm;jzpfygonf/ Selection oabmw&m;onf

structured programming oabmw&m; (3)rsKd;xJrS wpfck

jzpfygonf/

VB.NET Language onf Object Oriented Pro-

gramming (tjyKcHt&m0w¬Kay: tajccHaom) trsKd;tpm;

[k qkdaomfvnf; Structured Programming (pepfusaom)?

Functional Programming (vkyfaqmifrIay:wGif rlwnfí

tydkif;cGJEkdifaom)wkdY\ oabmw&m;rsm;vnf; yg&Sdygonf/

Structured Programming wGif construct (wnf

aqmufyHk) odkYr[kwf concept (oabmw&m;) 3 rsKd; &Sdyg

onf/ ¤if;wkdYrSm-

1/ Sequence (tpDtpOftwkdif; tvkyfvkyfapjcif;)

2/ Selection (a&G;cs,fí tvkyfvkyfapjcif;)

3/ Iteration (xyfcgwvJvJ tvkyfvkyfapjcif;)

wdkY jzpfMuygonf/

tpDtpOftwkdif; tvkyfvkyfapjcif;qkdonfrSm program

statements rsm;udk tpOfvdkuftwkdif; wpfaMumif;jyD; wpf

aMumif; tvkyfvkyfapjcif; jzpfygonf/ tykdif; 1? 2? 3 wGif

a&;jycJhaom erlem program rsm;wGif xkdoabmw&m;udk

awGU&ygrnf/

Selection oabmw&m;udk avhvmEkdif&ef erlem pro-

gram wpfyk'fjzifh pwiffygrnf/

01 Imports System.Console

02 Module Module13

03 Sub Main()

Dim n As Integer

Write(“Enter a number: “)

n = ReadLine()

07

08 If n > 9 Then

09 WriteLine(“Larger than 9”)

10 End If

11 WriteLine(“You entered “&n)

12 End Sub

13 End Module

Program 4-1

Program wGif variable wpfck toHk;jyKxm;ygonf/

Line 05 wGif Write ( ) method toHk;jyKí console screen

ay:wGif "Enter a number" [laom pmom;udk azmfjyxm;yg

onf/ Line 06 wGif ReadLine( )method toHk;jyKí key-

board rS xnhfoGif;rnfh wefzkd;udk ,lxm;ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh

program udk run vdkufvQif "Enter a number" [laom

pmom;ukd awGU&rnfjzpfjyD; *Pef;wefzkd;wpfck ½dkufxnhf&yg

rnf/

rdrd½dkufxnhfvdkufaom *Pef;wefzdk;ay: rlwnfí pro-

gram rS output ESpfrsKd; jyefvnfí &&SdEdkifygonf/ Line 08

wGif "If n> 9 Then" [k a&;í variable ''n'' \ wefzkd;rSm

''9'' xuf MuD;ygu Line 09 wGif wnf&Sdaom WriteLine ( )

method yg0ifonfh statement udk tvkyfvkyfrnf jzpfyg

onf/ Line 09 udk tvkyfvkyfjyD;ygu Line 11 udk qufvuf

vkyfaqmifrnf jzpfygonf/ tu,fí Line 08 wGif variable

''n'' \ wefzkd;rSm ''9'' xuf rMuD;cJhyguvnf; Line 11 udk

qufvufvkyfaqmifrnf jzpfygonf/

Program \ output rSm

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm


145

erlem program tm; ESpfMudrf run jyxm;&mwGif yxr

tMudrfü ''3'' udk xnhfcJhonhftcg program rS ''ODD'' [laom

tajzudk jyygonf/ 'kwd,tMudrfü ''4'' udk xnhfcJhonfhtcg

program rS ''EVEN''[laom tajzudk jyygonf/

''If'' statement a&;om;&ef Syntax (pnf;urf;^o'´g)

udk azmfjyygrnf/

yHkpH-1

If condition Then

.statement (s)

End If

yHkpH -2

If condition Then

statement (s)Else

statement (s)End If

yHkpH (1) t& "If" keyword udk toHk;jyK&ygrnf/ ¤if;\

aemufwGif condition wpfck yg&Sd&ygrnf/ Condition \

aemufwGif "Then" keyword yg&Sd&ygrnf/ (Condition

qdkonfrSm "True" okdYr[kwf "False" tajzESpfrsKd;xGufEdkif

aom azmfjycsufjzpfygonf/) "If" statement jyD;vQif

condition "True" jzpfonfhtcg aqmif&Guf&rnfh state-

ment (s) rsm; &Sdygrnf/ aemufqHk;wGif "End If" jzifh tqHk;

owf&ygrnf/

yHkpH (2) t& "If" keyword udk toHk;jyK&ygrnf/ ¤if;\

aemufwGif condition yg&Sdygrnf/ Condition \ aemufwGif

"Then" keyword yg&Sdygrnf/ "If" statement jyD;vQif con-

dition "True" jzpfonfhtcg aqmif&Guf&rnfh statement

(s) rsm; &Sdygrnf/ xkdYaemuf "Else" keyword &Sdygrnf/

"Else" keyword jyD;vQif condition "False" jzpfonfhtcg

aqmif&Guf&rnfh statements rsm; &Sdygrnf/ aemufqHk;wGif

"End If" jzifh tqHk;owf&ygrnf/

Program 4-2 ESifh oabmw&m;wlaom erlem program

(2) yk'fudk qufvufavhvmMunhfyg/

14 End Module


02 Module Module15

03 Sub Main()

04 Dim n As Integer

05 Write(“Enter a number: “)

erlem program aemufxyfwpfyk'fudk qufvuf avhvm

MunfhygOD;rnf/


02 Module Module14

03 Sub Main()

04 Dim n As Integer


06 n = ReadLine()

07

08 If n Mod 2 = 0 Then

09 WriteLine(“EVEN”)

10 Else

11 WriteLine(“ODD”)

12 End If

13 End Sub

14 End Module

Program 4-2

erlem program \ Line 01 rS 06 txd rdrdukd,fwkdif

avhvmEkdifjyD jzpfygonf/ Line 08 wGif "If" statement udk

awGU&ygrnf/ "If n Mod 2 = 0 Then" [k a&;xm;onfh

oabmrSm- '' n Mod 2'' rS wGufí&aom tajzonf ''0''

(okn)jzpfcJhvQif[k t"dyÜm,f&ygonf/ xkdodkYjzpfcJhygu Line

09 wGif &Sdaom statement udk qufvuftvkyfvkyfrnfjzpfjyD;?

r[kwfcJhygu Line 11 wGif &Sdaom statement udk qufvuf

tvkyfvkyfrnf jzpfygonf/

Program \ Output rSm


146

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

06 n = ReadLine()

07

08 If n > 0 Then

09 WriteLine (“Your number isPOSITIVE”)

10 Else

11 WriteLine(“Your number is NOTPOSITIVE”)

12 End If

13 End Sub

14 End Module

Program 4-3

Mudrf toHk;jyKonfqkd&mwGif "If" wpfcktwGif; aemufxyf

"If" wpffck xnhfoGif;a&;om;xm;aomyHkpH jzpfygonf/


02 Module Module17

03 Sub Main()

04 Dim m As Integer

05 Write(“Enter the mark: “)

06 m = ReadLine()

07

08 If m >= 80 Then

09 WriteLine(“DISTINCTION”)

10 Else

11 If m >= 40 Then

12 WriteLine(“PASS”)

13 Else

14 WriteLine(“FAIL”)

15 End If

16 End If

17 End Sub

18 End Module

Program 4-5

Line 08 wGif &Sdaom "If m > = 80 Then" rSm Line 10

wGif &Sdaom "Else" ? Line 16 wGif &Sdaom "End If" wdkYESifh

wGJí "If" wpfpHktjzpf jrif&ygrnf/ Line 08 &Sd "If" \ "True"

condition wGif Line 09 statement wpfaMumif; wnf;

tvkyfvkyfaqmifrnfjzpfjyD; "False" condition wGif Line

11 rS Line 15 txd tvkyfvkyfaqmifrnf jzpffygonf/ Line

11 wGif aemufxyf "If" wpfpHk xyfrHa&;om;xm;jcif; jzpfaeyg

onf/ Line 11 wGif&Sdaom "If" onf Line 13 &Sd "Else" ?

Line 15 &Sd "End If" wdkYESifh wGJí "If" wpfpHktjzpf jrif&ygrnf/

"If" \ Syntax wGif azmfjycJhaom pnf;urf;rsm;twkdif; con-

dition ay: rlwnfí program statement rsm; tvkyf vkyf

oGm;ygvdrfhrnf/

Program 4-5 tm; (3)Mudrf run jyxm;aom output

rsm;ESifh wGJí avhvmMunhfyg/


02 Module Module16

03 Sub Main()

04 Dim m As Integer

05 Write(“Enter the mark: “)

06 m = ReadLine()

07

08 If m >= 40 Then

09 WriteLine(“PASS”)

10 Else

11 WriteLine(“FAIL”)

12 End If

13 End Sub

14 End Module

Program 4-4

"If" Statement udk (2)Mudrf toHk;jyKxm;aom erlem

program wpfyk'fudk azmfjyygOD;rnf/ "If" Statement udk (2)

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm


147

Program 4-5 tm; run vkdufvQif "Enter the mark"

[laom pmom;udk awGU&rnf jzpfygonf/ yxrtMudrf run

xm;&mwGif "20" udk xnhfxm;ygonf/ xkdYaMumifh Line 08

wGif &Sdaom condition rSm "False" jzpfygrnf/ Condition

"Flase" jzpfí Line 11 odkY a&mufygrnf/ Line 11 &Sd con-

dition onfvnf; "flase" jzpfygrnf/ xdkYaMumifh Line 14 &Sd

program statement udk tvkyfvkyfjyD; screen ay:wGif

"FAIL" [laom tajzudk awGU&ygrnf/

Program 4-5 ESifh qifwlaom erlemwpfyk'fudk qufvuf

avhvmMunhfyg/


02 Module Module18

03 Sub Main()

04 Dim n As Integer


06 n = ReadLine()

07

08 If n > 0 Then

09 WriteLine(“POSITIVE”)

10 Else

11 If n < 0 Then

12 WriteLine(“NEGATIVE”)

13 Else

14 WriteLine(“ZERO”)

15 End If

16 End If

17 End Sub

18 End Module

Program 4-6


02 Module Module19

03 Sub Main()

04 Dim answer As Integer

05 WriteLine (“1 + 2 = ?”)

06 answer = ReadLine()

07

08 If answer = 3 Then

09 WriteLine(“Correct!”)

10 Else

11 WriteLine(“Wrong!”)

12 End If

13 End Sub

14 End Module

Program 4-7

,ckazmfjyrnfh Program onf computer rSaeí

ÓPfprf;ar;cGef;ar;aom program jzpfygonf/ Program

udk run vdkufjyD;vQif rdrdu xkdar;cGef;udk ajzqkd&ygrnf/ rdrd

\tajz rSefuefygu computer rSaeí "correct" [k ajym

ygvdrfhrnf/ rrSefcJhygu "Wrong" [k ajymygvdrfhrnf/

azmfjycJhaom program 4-7 onf run vdkufonfhtcg

wkdif; computer rSaeí "1+2= ?" [laom ar;cGef;udkom

ar;aeygvdrhfrnf/ Computer tm; Random Number jzifh

ar;cGef;trsKd;rsKd; ajymif;vJí ar;ap&ef ,ckuJhodkY a&;om;Ekdif

ygonf/

01 Imports System


03 Module Module20

04 Sub Main()

05 Dim n1, n2, correct, answer As

Integer

06 Dim objR As New Random

07

08 n1 = objR.Next( 1, 10)

09 n2 = objR.Next( 1, 10)

10 correct = n1 + n2

11

12 WriteLine(n1 & “+“ & n2 & “ = ?”)

13 answer = ReadLine()


148

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

xGef;Zmenfausmf

qufvufazmfjyygrnf/

14

15 If answer = correct Then

16 WriteLine(“Correct!”)

17 Else

18 WriteLine(“Wrong!”)

19 End If

20 End Sub

21 End Module

Program 4-8

Line 05 wGif variables rsm; aMunmxm;ygonf/ Line

06 wGifvnf; variables aMunmxm;jcif;yif jzpfygonf/

odkYaomf objR rSm ½dk;½kd; variables r[kwfbJ Object Variable

wpfck jzpfygonf/ tb,faMumifhqkdaomf objR rSm Integer,

String ESifh Double wdkYuJhodkYaom Data Type rsm;rS aMunm

xm;jcif; r[kwfbJ Random class rSaeí aMunmxm;aom

aMumifh jzpfygonf/ Line 08 ESifh 09 wdkYwGif Random Number

rsm; &&SdEkdif&ef objR.Next ( ) method udk toHk;jyKxm;

ygonf/

n1 = objR.Next (1,10)

[k a&;om;xm;onfrSm 1 rS 10 twGif;&Sdaom eHygwfwpfckudk

variable "n1" twGif;odkY Random xnhfckdif;xm;jcif; jzpfyg

onf/

erlem program tm; (2)Mudrf run jyxm;&mwGif Ran-

dom (2) rsKd; ar;xm;onfudk awGU&ygrnf/

uGefysLwmoHk; [mh'f'pfrsm;wGif 'pftcsyfrsm;udk

armfwmjzifh t&dSefjyif;pGm vnfapjyD; vQyfppf

oHvdkufvdIif;udk toHk;jyKum tcsuftvufrsm;udk

zwfjcif;jzpfonf/ xdkodkY vIyf&Sm;aeaom ypönf;

tpdwftydkif;rsm; rygawmhbJ tcsuftvufrsm;udk

odrf;qnf;Edkif? zwfEdkifonfh [mh'f'pftjzpf flash

enf;ynmtajccH drives rsm;u tpm;xdk; 0ifa&muf

vmaejyDjzpfonf/ ¤if;onf vQyfppfpGrf;tm; oHk;pGJrIvnf;

tvGef enf;jyD; t&G,ftpm;ao;i,fum ayghyg;Muonf/

Flash drive rsm;udk toHk;jyKaeMuonfrSm tcsdef

twefi,f MumcJhjyD;jzpfaomfvnf; ae&m0ifqhHrIonf

[mh'f'pfrsm;udk rrDEdkif[k xifxm;cJhMuonf/

yHkrSef[mh'f'pfrsm;onf 250 GB rS 500 GB txd

&dSMuygonf/ ,ck tqdkyg flash drive rsm;wGif

160 GB txd ae&m0ifqhHrI &dSvmcJhí [mh'f'pfrsm;udk

rrDEdkifao;onfhwdkif c&D;aqmifuGefysLwmrsm;twGuf

aumif;pGm toHk;jyKEdkifonfh taetxm; jzpfvmcJhonf/

,ck tqdkyg flash drive rsm;wGif 160GB txd ae&m

0ifqhHrI &dSvmcJhonf/ Adtron (www.adtron.com) \

2.5 inch t&G,f 160 GB Solid-State Flash HDD

onf IDE ESifh SATA csdwfqufrI ESpfrsKd;pvHk;udk oHk;EdkifjyD;

tcsuftvuf o,fydkYEIef; 70 MB/sec jzpfonf/

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149

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151

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154

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(www.webroot.com)• eTrust PestPatrol(www.ca.com)• McAfee AntiSpyware(www.mcafee. com)

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161

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171

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172

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173

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174

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urÇmh tyg;qHk;ESifh tayghqHk; c&D;aqmifuGefysLwm

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oufwrf; Mum&SnftcHqHk;[k aMunmygonf/ tqdkyg notebook wGif 7 rDvDrDwmom txl&dSonfh DVD

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drive yg0ifonf/ ¤if;onf armfwmudk toHk;jyK&ef rvdkí vQyfppfpGrf;tm; oHk;pGJrIvnf; enf;yg;ygonf/

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179

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

5.2 USING THE JPROGRESSBAR (OR) PROGRESSBAR

JAVA DEVELOPER GUIDE

Chapter (5)

pmzwfol[m 0g&ifh programmer wpfa,muf r[kwfcJh

&ifawmif omref user wpfOD;taeeJY ProgressBar awGudk

awGUjrifzl;rSmyg/ teD;pyfqHk;OyrmtaeeJY ay;&&ifawmh pmzwf

ol&JU computer xJudk software awG install vkyfwJh tcsdefyJ

ayghaemf/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm awGUjrif&wJh install time rSm 0% to

100% txd wpfqifhcsif; wkd;NyD;rS jywmawG[m progress

bar udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh zefwD;xm;wmygyJ/ 'D progress

bar awG[m trsm;tm;jzifhaygh Installed Shield awGrSm yg0if

wwfygw,f/

rSwfxm;wJh time limiting twGif;rSm tvkdtavsmuf tvkyf

vkyfwmygyJjzpfygw,f/

OyrmtaeeJYay;&&ifawmh software wpfckudk installat-

ion vkyfwmeJYyJ &Sif;jy&rSmygyJ/ 'D software install vkyf&mrSm

file ta&twGuf 335 files udk transfered vkyf&r,fqkdygpkdY/

tJ'DtcgrSm progress bar taeeJY task vkyf&r,fh manimum

uawmh 0 jzpfNyD;awmh maximum value uawmh 335 yJaygh

aemf/ 'gayr,hf uRefawmfwdkYtaeeJY install component time

taeeJY awGUjrif&rSmuawmh 0 % to 100 % yJ jzpfygw,f/

'gqkd&ifawmh JProgress Bar eJY ywfoufwJh tcsuftvuf

awGudk tajccHtm;jzifhawmh oabmaygufoGm;rSmygyJ/

uJ 'gqkd&ifawmh JProgress Bar class udk avhvmMunhf

Mu&atmif/ JProgressBar class &JU constructor method

awGudk t&ifavhvmMuwmaygh/ atmufrSm a&;jyay;xm;yg

w,f/

• JProgress ( ) - Creates a new progress

bar

• JProgress (int, int) - Creates a new progress

bar with the specifiedminimum value andmaximum value

• JProgressBar (int,int,int) - Creates a new progressbar with the specifiedorientation, minimumvalue and maximumvalue.

JProgress ukd toHk;jyKwJhtcgrSmawmh orientation_

Progress Bar awGudk toHk;cszdkYtwGufqkd&ifawmh

Swing Package xJrSm yg0ifwJh JProgress Bar Class udk

implemented vkyfNyD;awmh toHk;cs&ygvdrhfr,f/ wu,fvdkY

rsm; JProgress Bar Class udk toHk;csxm;wJh Program

i,fwpfckudk azmfjyay;&r,fqkd&ifawmh atmufrSm azmfjyxm;

wJh Figure 5.6 udkom avhvmMunhfvkdufyg/

Progress Bar awGudk toHk;jyKwJhtcgrSm trsm;tm;jzifh

awmh minimum and maximum vlaue awGeJY represent

vkyfxm;wwfMuygw,f/ t"dyÜm,fuawmh ta&SUu oifMum;

ydkYcscJhwJh JSlider vdkygyJ/ Beginning and ending twGuf

ygyJ/ JSlider eJY uGmjcm;wmuawmh progress bar [m owf

Figure 5.6 A Program bar in a frame


180

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

type taeeJYuawmh Swing Constants.VERTICAL eJY

Swing Constants.HORIZONTAL qkdwJh class constants

type ESpfckudk ay;xm;ygw,f/ JSlider Class rSmvdkygyJ/ bmrQ

parameter. arguments udk xnhfa&;rxm;&if progress bar

udk horizontal by default taeeJY xm;ay;rSmygyJ/

JProgress Bar awGudk toHk;jyKwJhtcgrSm minimum

value eJY maximum value awGudk program bar rSm xnhf

oGif;wJhtcgrSm

SetMinimum (int);

SetMaximum (int);

tp&SdwJh method awGudk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh oufqkdif&mtvkduf

indicate vkyfvkdY &ygw,f/

wu,fvdkYrsm; pmzwfol[m progress bar udk update

vkyfr,fqkd&ifaygh/ SetValue (int)method udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh

rS pdwfBudKufzefwD;vdkYvnf; &ygw,f/ tJ'D value [m pro-

gress bar &JU minimum value and maximum Mum;rSm toHk;

jyKEdkifzdkYtwGufygyJ/ uJ 'gqkd&if example taeeJY install

vkyfwJhyHkeJY progress bar udk toHk;jyKr,fqkd&ifaygh/ tJ'Dtcg

rSm installation files awG[m upload vkyfzdkYtwGuf atmuf

ygtwkdif; a&;om;ygvdrhfr,f/

int FilesDone = getNumber Of Files( );

install.sevalues (fileDone);

'Dtay:u code_line examples rSmqkd&if getNumber

OfFiles ( ) method [m install vkyfwJh software xJu

how many files have been copied ayghaemf/ Installation

vkyfwJhtxJu files ta&twGuf b,favmufudk ul;,lcJh&if

ayghaemf/ tJ'DtcgrSm SetValue ( ) method [m progress

bar ay:rSm vma&mufNyD;awmh passed vkyf cGifhay;&rSmaygh/

r[kwfbl;vm;/ 'g[m tay:u code_line udk Oyrmay;NyD;

awmh &Sif;jywmygyJaemf/

Progress bar rSmqkd&if graphic taeeJY empty box

wpfck[m text label taeeJY yg0ifygw,f/ oluawmh pro-

gress bar tvkyfvkyfyHkudk fill up jzpfoGm;yHkeJY azmfjyay;rSmygyJ/

tJ'D label rSm displays jzpfcJhyHkuawmh percentage %

taeeJYygyJ/ 100% jzpfoGm;NyDqkd&ifawmh progress bar tvkyf

vkyfwm[m completed jzpfoGm;wmayghaemf/ tJ'Dvkdjzpfatmif

vdkY SetStringPainted (boolean)method udk ac:,l toHk;

jyK&wmygyJ/ tJ'D method &JU parameter_arguments ae&m

rSm boolean type udk true taeeJY a&;&rSmygyJ/ wu,fvkdY

arguments udk false taeeJY xm;cJhr,fqkd&if label [m

azmfjyay;jcif;r&Sdygbl;/ Off jzpfaerSmygyJ/ uJ 'Dawmh pro-

gress bar eJY ywfoufwJh program i,fwpfyk'fukd vufawGU

a&;NyD;awmh avhvmMu&atmifvm;/ Listing 5.2 taeeJY

a&;om;ay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/

Listing 5.2 Demonstrate the Progress bar

of JAVA

1. import java.awt.*;

2. import java.awt.event.*;

3. import javax.swing,*;

4.

5. public class program extends JFrame {

6.7. JProgress Bar current;8. JTextArea out;9. JBu/ tton find;10. Thread runter;11. int num = 0;12.13. public progress ( ){14. super ("Progess");15.16. SetDefaultCloseperation (JFrame.EXIT_

ON_CLOSE);

17. JPanel pane = now JPanel ( );

18. pane.SetLayout( ));19. current = now JProgressBar (0,2000);20. current. SetValue (0);21. current.SetStringPainted (0);22. Pane.add (cursent);23. SetContentPane (pane);24. }25.26.27. public void iterate ( ){28. while (num < 2000){29. current.SetValue (num);30. try {31. Thread.Sleep (1000);32. } catch (Interupted Exception 0) { }33. num + = 9534. }35. }36.37. public ststic void main (string [ ]

arguments){38. Progress Frame = now Progress ( );

39. frame.pack ( );

40. frame.setvisible (true);

41. frame.iterate ( ) ;42. }

43. }


181

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

Analysis1/ 'D program udk r&Sif;jycifrSm t&ifajymcsifwmu vdkif;

eHygwf (8)(9)(10)rSm a&;xm;wJh JTextArea, JButton,

Thread awGudk selection color jc,fNyD;awmh zsufypf

vkdufyg/ bmaMumifhvJqkdawmh tJ'D swing compo-

nents awGudk Declose vkyfxm;ayr,fh program flow

rSm xnhfoGif; toHk;rjyKxm;ygbl;/ 'gaMumifh tJ'D

code_line awGudk xnhfNyD;yJ a&;a&;? zsufNyD;xm;xm;

twlwlygyJ/ vdkif;eHygwf (1) uae vkdif;eHygwf (3)txd

java.awt.*; java.awt.event.*; javax.swing.*; qkdwJh

package file (3) ckudk Declose vkyfygw,f/ uJ Pro-

gress qdkwJh Primary class udk a&;om;ygw,f/ tJ'D

primary class xJrSmrS JProgessBar class udk current

vdkY variable_name ay;NyD;awmh object tjzpf zefwD;cJh

ygw,f/ uJ usefwJh vkdif;eHygwf (8) (9) (10)udkawmh

rxnhfeJYawmhayghaemf/ xnfhNyD; a&;om;vnf; xnfhoGif;

NyD;rS toHk;rjyKwmbJ/ [kwfNyDaemf/ tJ'DaemufrSmrS

Progress class &JU constructor function ( ) udk vdkif;

eHygwf (13)rSm a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'D aemuf title_

bar_text taeeJY yg0ifvmatmif super ( ) method udk

toHk;jyKNyD;awmh a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ 'g[m Inheri-

tance method udk toHk;jyKxm;wmqkd&ifvnf; rrSm;yg

bl;/

2/ tJ'Daemuf JFrame_Windows eJY ywfoufwJh Set-

Default CloseOperation (JFrame.EXIT_ON_

CLOSE); qkdwJh method udk a&;om;xm;ygw,f/ tJ'D

aemuf JPanel Class udk object_name pane vdkU

trnfay;NyD;awmh ac:,lygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (19) rSm

awmh JProgress Bar wpfckudk variable_Object wpfck

taeeJY current vkdY ay;vdkufygw,f/ 'gaMumifh

current = new JProgressBar (0,2000);

vdkY a&;om;xm;wm jzpfygw,f/ tJ'Daemuf JProgress-

Bar eJY ywfoufwJh SetValue ( ) method eJY SetString-

Painted ( ) method tp&SdwmawGudk ac:,l toHk;csyg

w,f/ 'gaMumifh

current.setvalue(0);

current. setstringpainted(0);

qkdNyD;awmh vkdif;eHygwf (20)eJY (21)rSm a&;om;xm;wm

ayghaemf/'D method( ) awGudk JProgressBar class udk

a&;om; &Sif;jycJhwkef;u ygNyD;om;rdkY xyfrH r&Sif;jyawmh

ygbl;/ NyD;awmh zefwD;xm;wJh JProgressBar udk JPanel

Class xJudk xnhfoGif;vdkufygw,f/ 'grSom JFrame_

Windows ay:rSm component taeeJY yg0ifvmrSmaygh/

tJ'gaMumifh vdkif;eHygwf (22)eJY (23)rSm

Pane.add (current);

SetContentPane (pane);

vdkY a&;om;xm;wmyJjzpfygw,f/ vkdif;eHygwf (24) u

awmh constructor function ( ) jzpfwJh progress &JU

close brace } yJ jzpfygw,f/

3/ vkdif;eHygwf (25) uae vkdif;eHygwf (35)txd a&;om;

xm;wJh iterate ( ) method uawmh subfunction ( )

wpfckygyJ/ xyfNyD;ajymp&m&Sdwmuawmh tJ'D iterate( )

method xJrSm a&;om;xm;wm[m Exception Handl-

ing taeeJY Exception Class udk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh a&;

om;xm;w,fqkdwmygyJ/ tJ'DtwGufaMumifh tJ'D

code_line awGudk tMurf;zsif;tm;jzifhyJ &Sif;jyygawmh

r,f/ tJ'D method xJrSmu while (pOfrSm) num [m

2000 xuf i,fpOfrSmayghaemf/ Num udk +95 taeeJY

increases vkyfNyD; wkd;yghr,f/ tJ'Dvkd wkd;EkdifzdkYtwGuf

vdkif;eHygwf (33) rSm atmufygtwkdif; a&;om;xm;yg

w,f/

num + = 95;

tJ'D code_line udk avhvmMunhfvdkuf&if num [m self

assign taeeJY a&;om;NyD; +95 ukd vmNyD;awmh aygif;xm;wm

ygyJ/ [kwfNyDaemf/ tJ'DtcgrSm progress bar's &JU SetValue

( ) method udk vkdif;eHygwf (29)rSm While Loop udk wpfcg

vmywfwkdif; 0ifNyD;awmh tvkyfvkyfygw,f/ tJ'D SetValue

( ) method xJ rSm num < + 95 wkd;aewJhudef;> [m arguments

taeeJY xnhfxm;wmaemf/ tJ'DtcgrSm JProgressBar udk

oGm;NyD;awmh tvkyfvkyfrSmygyJ/ 'gayr,fh 'Dvkdtvkyfvkyfwm

[m qufwkdufawmh tvkyfrvkyfygbl;/ vdkif;eHygwf (31)rSm

a&;om;xm;wJh try block xJrSm yg0ifwJh

Thread.Sleep (1000);

qkdwJh Thread Class xJrSm yg0ifwJh Sleep ( ) method

aMumifh object [m [JProgressBar Component [m] puúefY

tenf;i,f jcm;NyD;awmh sleep jzpfaerSmygyJ/


182

uGefysLwmoifcef;pm

Note : uRefawmfhtaeeJY ,cktcsdeftxd roif&ao;wJh

Exception Handling taMumif;eJY Thread Class awG

taMumif;awGaMumifh tajccHt,leJYyJ &Sif;jywmygyJ/ a&SUvm

r,fh Java Developer Guide &JU Advanced Java Pro-

gramming qkdwJh oifcef;pmrSm tJ'Doifcef;pmawGtm;vHk;

ukd pepfwus &Sif;jyNyD;awmh ydkYcsay;xm;ygw,f/ tck oifcef;

pmrSmawmh tajccHt,ltqeJY tMurf;zsif;yJ avhvmMunhfyg/

Sleep ( ) method : The current running Thread object

to sleep for the specified amount

of time (mili second). The sleeping

Thread object reatains whatever

locks it may process.

tck a&;jycJhwmuawmh sleep ( ) method udk tajccH

&Sif;jywmyJ jzpfygw,f/ a&SUvmr,fh oifcef;pmawGrSmrS

aoao csmcsm xyfrH &Sif;jyay;yghr,f/ uJ 'Dawmh main ( )

function udk qufvuf avhvmMu&atmif/

4/ Main( ) function udk vdkif;eHygwf (37)rSm a&;om;xm;

ygw,f/ tay:rSm zefwD;cJhwJh Progress qkdwJh Class

udk object_name frame vdkY ay;NyD;awmh ac:,lygw,f/

tJ'DtcgrSm vdkif;eHygwf (13) rSm a&;om;xm;wJh con-

structor function [m tvkdtavsmuf 0ifa&mufvm

rSmygyJ/ 'Dawmh tJ'D function ( ) xJrSm yg0ifwJh JFrame

udk zefwD;wmawG Jprogress Bar udk wyfqifwmawG

tp&SdwJh constructor function ( ) xJrSm yg0ifwJh code_

line awG[m vmNyD;awmh tvkyfvkyfaeNyDayghaemf/ 'Dtcg

rSm JProgress Bar eJY ywfoufwJh JFrame ay:vmNyD;

awmh tvkyfvkyfatmif

Frame. pack ( ) ;

Frame.SetVisible (true);

tp&SdwJh method awGudk toHk;csxm;ygw,f/ 'gayr,fh

vkdif;eHygwf (4)rSmawmh

Frame.iterate ( );

qkdwJhtay:rSm a&;om;cJhwJh iterate ( ) function udk

ac:,lvkdufygw,f/ Iterate ( ) function [m progress

class &JU member function jzpfwmaMumifh Progress

class udk object_name frame vkdY trnfay;xm;wm

aMumifh object_name (.)dot cHNyD;awmh ac:,lxm;wm

ygyJ/ tJ'DtcgrSm JProgress Bar ay:rSm yg0ifwJh tvkyf

vma&mufvkyf&r,fh looping structure eJY thread class

xJu method awG[m 0ifa&muftvkyfvkyfygNyD/ 'gqkd

&ifawmh &Sif;NyDaemf/

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(35) twGif;rSm a&;om;xm;wJh Void iterate ( ) method

udk Exception Handling method jzpfwJh trg and catch

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code_line awGaemf/ { } brace awGvnf; tukefygoGm;yg

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om;xm;wJh Frame.iterate( ); qkdwJh code_line udkyg zsuf

ypfvdkufaygh/ tJ'D method udk ra&;om;cJhrSawmh ac:,lp&m

vnf; rvdkawmhygbl;/ 'gqkd&ifawmh Progress.Java pro-

gram [m run wJh tcsdefrSm JProgressBar [m tvkyf

rvkyfjyEkdifayr,fh Demonstrate taeeJY JFrame_Windows

ay:rSmawmh vma&muf azmfjyay;Ekdifygw,f/ uJ 'gaMumifh

tJ'D code_line awGudk odyfem;rvnf&if uRefawmf &Sif;jy

ovdkygyJ/ tJ'D code_line awGudk jzKwfcsNyD;awmhom avhvm

vdkufyg/ vkdif;eHygwf (42)uawmh main ( ) function &JU

close barce } yJ jzpfNyD;awmh vkdif;eHygwf (43)uawmh pri-

mary class &JU close brace} yJ jzpfygw,f/

uJ code_line awGudk Analysis vkyfNyD;oGm;&ifawmh

tJ'D code_line awGudk Notepad xJrSm oGm;NyD;awmh ½dkuf

oGif;vdkufyg/ tJ'D code_line awGudk a&;om;NyD;oGm;&ifawmh

file uae save udk awmif;yg/ Save Dialog Box usvm&if

awmh ay;&r,fh file_name uawmh tck program &JU class_

name twkdif; progress qkdwJh trnfeJY progress.java qkdwJh

trnfudkay;NyD;awmh save vkyfyg/ 'gqkd&ifawmh C:\j2sdk

1.4.1_01\bin qkdwJh folder atmufrSm progress.java qkdwJh

code_file [m wnfaqmufNyD;oGm;ygNyD/

tJ'DvkdrsKd; Notepad xJrSm code_line awG a&;om;NyD;

awmh save vkyfxm;yHkudk Figure 5.7 taeeJYyJ a&;om; azmfjy

ay;xm;ygw,f/ avhvmMunhfyg/


183

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uJ tay:rSm azmfjycJhwJh code_file taeeJY a&;om;xm;yHk

udk avhvmNyD;&if Start �All programs �Accessories

� Command Prompt udk zGifhyg/ uRefawmfuawmh Com-

mand Prompt udk Desktop Screen ay:rSm shortcut taeeJY

wifxm;ygw,f/ tJ'Dawmh Program Compile & Run vkyf

cgeD;&if vG,fulwmayghaemf/ uJ Command Prompt (DOS)

Windows yGifhvmcJh&ifaygh/ atmufyg command_line eJY

directory udk ajymif;yg/

CD C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin ↵↵↵↵↵

uJ tJ'DtcgrSm command_line windows xJrSm ay:ae

wJh oauFw[m atmufygtwkdif; ajymif;vJoGm;ygjyD/

C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin>>>>>

[kwfNyDaemf/ tJ'DtcsdefrSm atmufyg command udk ½dkuf

oGif;NyD;awmh tay:rSm zefwD;a&;om;cJhwJh progress.java

qkdwJh program udk compile vkyfvkdufyg/

java Progress.java ↵↵↵↵↵

tJ'DtcgrSm compile vkyfvkdY error &SdcJh&ifawmh vkdif;

eHygwfeJYwuG vma&mufNyD;awmh azmfjyay;rSmyg/ tJ'D Note-

pad xJrSmyJjzpfjzpf Save As vkyfNyD;awmh aemufxyf jyefNyD;

awmh complie jyefvkyfayghaemf/ tu,fí error r&Sdawmhbl;

uJ tckazmfjyay;xm;wJh Figure 5.8 uawmh compile

& run vkyfaewJh yHkygyJ/ tJ'D Figure xJutwkdif; compile

& run vkyfvkduf&ifawmh atmufygtwkdif; JFrame_ Win-

dows udk awGUjrif&rSmygyJ/

Figure 5.8 Compile & Run of the Progress.java

Figure 5.9 Run the Program, Progress.java

KYAW ZAYAR LAY [ IT ENGINEERING ]

uJ tckazmfjyxm;wJh Figure 5.9 uawmh Listening

5.2 u code_line awGudk toHk;jyKNyD;awmh wnfaqmufxm;

wJh program i,fav;ygyJ/ uJ 'Dawmh qufvufNyD;awmh

Chapter (5) &JU sub_index taeeJY ykdYcsay;xm;wJh 5.3 Using

the JMenus qkdwJh oifcef;pmudk qufvuf avhvmMunhfMu&

atmifvm;/

qkd&ifayghaemf/ Prompt oauFw[m atmufygtwkdif;yJ jyef

ay:vmrSmygyJ/ avhvmMunhfyg/

C:\j2sdk1.4.1_01\bin>

tJ'Dvkd jyefay:vm&ifawmh atmufyg command eJY run

vkyfvdkufygvm;/ Program Output xGufvmatmifayghaemf/

java Progress ↵↵↵↵↵

uJ tJ'DvkdrsKd; command_line windows xJrSm complie

& run vkyfyHkudk Figure 5.8 taeeJY azmfjyay;xm;ygw,f/

avhvmMunhfhyg/

Figure 5.7 Write the program code_line in theNotepad, Progress.java

October 07

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