8/4/2019 MELJUN_CORTES_Comp01 Handouts

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/meljuncortescomp01-handouts 1/3

COMPUTER- A programmable machine that receives

input, stores and manipulates data, andprovides output in a useful format.

INFORMATION SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY

Important Components

1. PEOPLE 

• end-users.

• the most important part of theInformation Systems Technology.

• Input the data and use the lives to beproductive and make effectivedecisions based on the resultinginformation.

2. PROCEDURE 

• Set of guidelines and rules to follow

when using the hardware, thesoftware applications and the data.

• Usually written and well documentedin manuals, included in mostsoftware packages and hardwaretoday.

3. SOFTWARE 

• Are instructions that will tell thecomputer how it should do its work.

• The main purpose of a program is toprocess the data (raw facts) into

usable information.

4. HARDWARE 

• The physical equipment thatimplements the data processing sothat useful information may come asa result.

• It needs software for it to runsmoothly and do its specified task.

5. DATA

• Includes texts, numbers, sounds,

images and video that is stillunprocessed.

• The facts and facet of records thatwe input into the computer and thenonce processed may yieldinformation.

HARDWARE – the physical components of computer system.

Types of Computer 

1. Supercomputers

• The most powerful computeravailable.

• With high capacity that rucontinuously and are being used bvery big organizations mostly bicorporations and governmeninstitutions.

2. Mainframe Computer 

• Less powerful than supercomputerbut are capable of great processinspeed, multi-tasking capability anhigh data storage.

•

Used by most banks to procesinformation of depositors anmillions of daily bank transactions.

3. Mid - Range Computers

• Also called as minicomputers

• Used for medium sized companiefor specific purposes.

• May be a stand alone system fospecialized applications includinnetwork servers.

4. Microcomputers• Desktop computers are the mos

common and widely used computer.

TYPES OF MICROCOMPUTERa) Desktop Computers

o the common computer that ca

be seen in homes, school anmost businesses.

o small enough to be placed on

desk or table.b) Notebook Computers

o also known as laptop computerso Portable, lightweight and ar

easy to carry around.

5. Handheld Computersa. Smallest computers that ar

designed to fit into one hand or palmthat is why they are also called palmtop computers.

b. Combine pen input, personaorganizers tools and communicatio

8/4/2019 MELJUN_CORTES_Comp01 Handouts

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/meljuncortescomp01-handouts 2/3

capabilities such as telephone andinternet applications.

MICROCOMPUTERS

- Desktop computer is a collection of differentdevices connected to a central processingunit (CPU).

BASIC COMPONENTSCENTRAL PROCESSING UNITINPUT DEVICESOUTPUT DEVICESCONNECTIVITY

Most Important Parts of the SystemA. MICROPROCESSOR

• Also known as motherboard

• Usually placed in a supportelectronic board.

B. MEMORY UNITS

• RAM or random access memory

• Inserted or placed in a slot on themotherboard.

INPUT DEVICES- Allow users to input selected data into the

computer for processing.- Allow people to interface with a computer.

1. THE MOUSE

• Acts as the pointing device that can

use to choose programs and files toopen, functions to activate, todetermine a typing or drawingstarting point, function selection andto scroll pages up or down.

2. THE KEYBOARD

• Allows one to input texts, numbers,special characters and other functions into the computer.

• A computer input device modeledfrom the keys of a typewriter.

• An arrangement of keys or button

where characters are printed.• Characters consist of letters, umbers

or signs and each one is representedby a specific key.

3. THE SCANNER

• Computer input device that scansand copy images, objects, text, andhandwriting and converts them as adigital image.

4. THE WEB CAMERA

• An input device that functions like digital and video camera.

• It allows one to place images into thcomputer.

• It may be built-in or may be attacheto the computer unit.

5. THE GAME PAD

• Also called as joy pad or control pad

•

Handled game controllers focomputer games.

• It has buttons corresponding to somof the fingers which give one bettecontrol of the characters beinplayed in a computer.

6. THE JOYSTICK

• Computer input device used as control device that pivots around sthat one can move in any direction.

• Usually used in video gameinvolving flight control for airplane

and other aircraft.

OUTPUT DEVICES

1. THE MONITOR

• An output device that functions as visual display unit for images, text ographics generated by the computer

2. THE PRINTER

• Computer output device produces

permanent or hard copy, humareadable text and/or graphics odocuments stored in the computer.

KINDS OF PRINTER

• Dot matrix Printer – prints bhammering or striking an ink soaked cloth ribbon against a paper

• Ink Jet Printer – most common fothe general use at home or at officeIt operates by propelling differensizes of very small and precisamount of ink droplets onto a pape

or other media.• Laser Jet Printer – produces hig

quality prints of text or graphics oplain paper. Color and black anwhite are available in this type oprinter.

• Plotter – operates by moving a peover a paper surface.

3. SPEAKERS

8/4/2019 MELJUN_CORTES_Comp01 Handouts

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/meljuncortescomp01-handouts 3/3

• Audio output for music, video andcomputer alerts.

• It may have the simple two piece-system or the three, four or fivepieces systems with sub-woofer andsurround system.

4. MEMORY DEVICES

•

•

Its advantages are mobility and highcapacity at reasonable cost.

•