f.dúlï iÕrdj - doa.gov.lk · iem n, wdhq keK jvjk Tiqj fok f.dúlu rlsuq uõìu yd iuj f.k...

iem n, wdhq keK jvjk Tiqj fokf.dúlu rlsuq uõìu yd iuj f.k

f.dúlï iÕrdj50 ldKavh - 02 l,dmh ^2019 cQks&

lDIsl¾u wud;HdxYfhalDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=fõ m%ldYkhls

2019

Vol. 50 No. 02

2019 June

f.dúlï iÕrdfõ ;srh msgqmi

fufyhùu yd iïnkaëlrKh

tÉ' fÊ' fla' lS¾;sr;ak

m%Odk ixialdrl

fÊ' wd¾' î' fyar;a

ixialdrl uvq,a,

ñ,skao iurfldaka

tia' tï' iS' tka' iurfldaka

tka' ví' ã' ta' ã' lkakka.r

mß.Kl msgq ieliSu yd ks¾udKh

wis; niakdhl

;s,sKs uOqIsld

ksIamdok l<ukdlre

Wmd,s rEmiair

uqøKh

lDIsl¾u m%ldYk tallh" .kafkdarej

m%Odk ixialdrlf.ka' ' '

fn,s 01

flfi,a wmkhkfhka

úksuh yïnkaf;dáka 04

fldlsvdud 10

f.dúhdf.a ys;ñ;=rd

/l.ksuq 13

rglcq j.dfjka rfÜ

wd¾Ólhg w;aje,la fjuq 18

m¾fhaIK yd kj ;dCIKh

;=<ska ;sridr ù j.djla 22

je,sl;frka tyd BY%dh,a

lDIsl¾uh 26

f.dúhd rg oefhys

bgq foúhd jkafka 31

f.dúlrKfhka j.dlr

j.d ydks wju lr.ksuq 32

nvbßÕ= j.djg úkl<

fiakd o<Uqjd

kej; meñfKa o@ 38

rejka ;drld 40

fiakd fldfya ieÕjqkso kqU 46

w÷re w;S;h 46

m%fya,sldj 47

ljqre fudkjd flfia lSj;a wfma rg ;ju;a

lDIsldrñl rgls' w;S; rc oji mgka th tfiah' tod

fuod ;=r wfma rfÜ ñksiaiqkaf.a nv .skak ke;s lf¾ fï

uyfmd<fjka Wmoaojk ù áflks' t<j¿ m,;=re áflks'

w,n;, áflks' w;S; rc oji furáka iy,a msg foaYhkag

hejq nj Wcdrefjka l:d lrk wm wo fndfyda foaj,a

msgráka tkf;la n,d isá' w;S;fha rfÜ iuia:

ksIamdokhg lDIsl¾udka;h jeä odhl;ajhla iemhqjo

l¾udka; yd fiajd j, odhl;ajh by< hdu iuÕ

j¾:udkh jk úg lDIsl¾u odhl;ajh my;a w.hlg

m;aj we;' tfy;a wfma o< cd;sl ksIamdokh i;=gqodhl

uÜgul fkdmj;sk nj kï fkdriyls' lDIs wmkhkh

Èß.ekaùug úúO ld,j, úúO jevigyka ls%hd;aul jqj;a

;ju;a tjdfha kshu m%;sm, ,nd.;a njla kï fkdfmfka'

j¾:udkfha o tjeks jevigyka /ila ls%hd;aul fjñka

mj;s' yïnkaf;dg flkaø fldg .ksñka ls%hd;aul jk

flfi,a wmkhkh bka tlls' tys ;dlaIKsl f;dr;=re

wdY%fhka ieliq ,smshla o we;=¿j ;j;a ,sms /ila iuÕ

fujr f.dúlï iÕrdj Tn w;g m;afõ'

50 ldKavh - 02 l,dmh | 1

fn,s wkdÈu;a ld,hl isgu

wdishd;sl ckhdf.a iudÔh iy ixialD;sluh

cSú;h yd noaOj mj;sk jDlaIhla fia

i,lkq ,nkjd' úfYaIfhkau Y%S ,dxlslhka

bkaÈhdkqjka iy fkamd,fha iajfoaYsl ckhd

mQckSh;ajfhka i,lkq ,nk fuu Ydlh

wfma rfÜ úydria:dk f.j;= iy fmd,a

bvï j, j.d lsÍu iq,Nj isÿ lrkq ,nkjd'

ksjfiA ol=Kq ÈYdfjys fn,s YdlhlA ;sîu tu

ksjeishkag fi!Nd.H Wodlrùug fya;=jla

nj;a fuys ,laIaó fojÕk fjfik nj;a

YS% ,dxlsl ck iudch ;=< u;hla mj;skjd'

w;S;fha isgu fn,s Ydlhg wfma

rfÜ iqúfYaIS ia:dkhla ysñj ;snQ njg

idlaIs f,i we;eï .%du kdulrKfha§

fn,s hkak Ndú;d lr ;sîfuka wmg

meyeÈ<s fjkjd' fn,sw;a;" fn,s.ïuk"

| f.dúlï iÕrdj2

fn,syq,aTh tjeks .%duhka i|yd WodyrK

f,i olajkak mq¿jka' yskaÿ ck iudch ;=<

o fn,s jDlaIhg ysñjkafka woaú;Sh ia:dkhla'

uyd Ysj rd;S% Èkfha§ Ysj foúhkag jkaokdudk

lsÍu i|yd fn,s Ydlfha m;% Ndú; lrk

w;ru fn,s f.ä foúhkA i|yd lrkq ,nk

mQcdjka i|yd fhdod.kq ,nkjd' tfiau

fkamd,fha iajfoaYsl ckhdf.a weoys,s yd

úYajdih wkqj fn,s Ydlh ia;S%kaf.a cSú;h

iuÕ oeä f,i noaOj mj;sk nj mejfikjd¡

refÜisfha (Rutaceae) tfyu;a ke;akï

meÕsß mjq,g wh;a fn,s ta.,a udfuf,daia

(Aegle marmelos) hk úoHd;aul kdufhka

y÷kajk w;r f.d,aka wem,a" fydaiafgdaka wem,a

f,i bx.%Sis niska o oñ< niska fj,ajï m,ï

f,io y÷kajkq ,nkjd' bkaÈhdj kscìu lr.;a

fuu Ydlh w.aksÈ. wdishdkq rg j,g wdfõKsl

jQjla' mlsia:dkh" fkamd,h" ñhkaudrh"

nx.a,dfoaYh" úhÜkduh" ,d´ih yd ldïfndach

hk rgj,;a wfma rfÜ fld<U" l¿;r"

.ïmy lE.,a," wkqrdOmqr yd mq;a;,u hk

Èia;s%lal j,;a úYd, jYfhka jHdma; ù

;sfnkq olakg ,efnkjd'

l=vd fyda uOHu m%udKfha Wiska

hq;= fuu Ydlfha m;% m%ikak iqjolska

hqla; fjkjd¡ m%Odk l¢ka úysÿk YdLd w;=

j,ska hqla; jk w;r lf|ys llaIShj yg .;a

fikaáóg¾ tlla folla muK È.ska hq;= ;shqKq

lgq tlla fyda folla olakg yels fjkjd' úh<s

ld,fha§ m;% m;kh o olakg ,efnk w;r

mqIam yg .kafka kj m;% we;sùfuka miqjhs'

fld< meyehg yqre iqÿ meyehla .kakd fuu

mqIam oaù ,sx.sl jk w;r m%ikak iqjolska

hqla;hs¡ >k lgqjla iys; ´j,dldr fyda rjqï

yevfhka hq;= M, meiqKq úg ms%hckl

iq.kaOhlska hqla; jkakd fiau ly fld<

meyehla .kS' tfiau u;=msg úiqreKq ,m

y÷kd.; yelshs' fyd¢ka u, msmqKq wjia:dfõ

isg M, b§u i|yd udi 10 - 12 ;a w;r

ld,hla .; fjkjd'

fuu Ydlfha mia mx.=j tkï uq,a

l|" m;%" fmd;=" M, wd§ ish¿u fldgia foaYSh

ffjoH úoHdfõ § Tiq f,i Ndú;d lrk w;r

bÿKq M, j, uoh rij;a núka iy fmdaIK

.=Kfhka wkQk jk w;r th kejqï m,;=rla

f,i;a hqI ilia lr .ekSug;a ri leú,s

ksIamdokhg;a fhdod .kq ,nkjd' fkdmeiqKq

kuq;a fyd¢ka fïrE M, c,fhka ;ïndf.k

tu uoh iSks iu. wdydrhg .ekSug;a yelshdj

;sfnkjd' fn,s i;=j úf¾l ldrl .=Khla

iy wdydr Ô¾Kh lsÍfï yelshdjla mj;sk

w;r fn,s wdydrhg tla lr .ekSu uÕska

fndfyduhla wdydr Ô¾K moaO;sh yd

iïnkaO frda. ksjdrkh lsÍug yelshdj

,efnk nj mejfikjd' fkdbÿKq M, ly

j¾Kfhka hq;= j¾Kl ksiaidrKh i|yd

fhdod.kq ,nkq nj mejfikjd' úh<k ,o

fn,su,a c,fha ;ïnd yl=re iuÕ mdkh

lsÍug wkdÈu;a ld,hl isg Ys% ,dxlslhska

mqre¥j isák w;r fuh fïoh oyhk ùfuys

iu;a lÈu iajNdúl Tiqmdkhla' fuys ±j b;d

by< jákdlñka hq;= w;r bÈlsÍï lghq;=" lDIs

WmlrK ksmoùu" ysi mSÍug .kq,nk mkd"


úúO WmlrK j, ñgj,a wdÈh iE§ug Ndú;

lrkq ,nkjd' tfiau fuys ±jh bkaOkuh

jeo.;Alñka hq;= jqj o Ydlhg wdfrdams;

mQckSh;ajh ksid tf,i Ndú;hg ñksiqka ;=<

ue,slula mj;skjd'

my;a oyh;a w;r mq¿,a mdxY= mS' tÉ'

mrdihl jefvk fuu Ydlh c, jykh ÿ¾j,

;;a;ajfha mj;sk ksire ìul jqk;a j.d

lrkak mq¿jka' fikaáf.a%â wxYl 7 ;a 48 ;a

w;r mq¿,a WIaK;aj mrdihla ;=< j¾Okh

jk fuu Ydlh M, ±Íug kï ksYaÑ; úh<s

ld<.=Ksl ;;a;ajhla mej;sh hq;= fjkjd'

idudkHfhka j¾Idj WIaK;ajh jeks mdßißl

idOl" M, meiSug fya;= jk w;r m%Odk fn,s

jdr f,i cQ,s isg Tlaf;dan¾ olajd;a ckjdß

isg ud¾;= olajd;a ld, ye¢kaúh yels w;r

wjdrfha jqjo M, orK wjia:d lafIa;%fha

jd¾:d ù ;sfnkjd'

nyq,ju îc uÕska jHdma;sh isÿ fj;;a

Bg w;sf¾lj uq,a len,s jdhj w;= ne£u" wxl==r

yd ßls,s noaOh uÕska id¾:lj m%pdrKh lr

.ekSfï yelshdj mj;skjd¡ îc me< M, ±Íu

i|yd jir yhla fyda Bg jvd jeä l,la .;

jk w;r ukd f,i kv;a;= lrkq ,nk noaO

me< uÕska jir ;=k y;rlska wiajkq fk,Sfï

yelsshdjla we;ehs fmkajd § ;sfnkjd'

Y%S ,dxlsl ck iudch ;=< ;du;a wvq

wjOdkhla hgf;a f.j;= j.djka f,i mj;sk

fuu Ydlh fyd¢ka Èrdm;a jQ ldnksl øjH

mqrjk ,o fikaáóg¾ 60 x 60 x 60 j<j,a j,

óg¾ 6 x 6 mr;rhg j.d l< yels w;r ukd

f,i lmamdÿ lrñka kv;a;= l< yelskï noaO

me< i|yd óg¾ 3 x 3 mr;rhla o jqj o mj;ajd

.ekSfï yelshdj mj;skjd'

me< l=vd wjêfha c, iïmdokh yd

j,a me<Eá md,kh uÕska jvd id¾:l j¾Okhla

,nd.; yels w;r Ydlh jhiska jefv;au c,

iïmdokfha wjYH;djh fukau j,a u¾Okh

lsÍfï wjYH;djh o l%ufhka wvq ù hkjd'

kuq;a Ydlh wjg m%foaYfha j<hdldr f,i

j,a u¾Okh lsÍu wiajkq fk<k wjia:dfõ §

myiqjla fjkjd'

fn,s j.djg ydksodhl uÜgñka

je<fok frda. yd m<sfndaO fkdue;s ;rï jk

w;r <má wjêfha § m;% yd <má wxl=r u;

msámqia wdidokh;a fn,s f.äh j¾Okh jk

wjia:dfù§ me¿ï we;sùu;a olakg ,efnkjd'

flfia jqjo wkd.; úNjhla iys;

wvq ksIamdok úhoulska hq;= kuq;a fmdaIKSh

iy fT!Iëh .=Kfhka Wiia" ixialD;sl

jákdlñka o hq;a fuu Ydlh /l.ekSu;a

jeä ÈhqKq lsÍu;a wm i;= j.lSula nj

fkdlsjqukdh'

fmd; m; iy wka;¾cd,h

weiqßka f.dúlï iÕrdjg ,shkafka"

mS' tï' ã' uqKisxyiyldr lDIsl¾u wOHlaI ^ixj¾Ok&

Ydl ksfrdaOdhk tallh"cd;Hka;r .=jkaf;dgqm," lgqkdhl

| f.dúlï iÕrdj4

f,dalfha jeämqru j.d lrk m,;=re j¾.

;=k w;r isák m,;=re fnda.hla jk flfi,a j.d

lrk N+ñ m%udKh wkqj bÈßfhkau isák rgj,a

jkafka n%iS,h" bkaÈhdj yd ms,smSkh fõ' Y%S

,xldj ms<sn|j ie,l=jo jeämqru mßfNdackh

lrk m,;=r yd jeämqru j.d lrk m,;=re

fnda.h o jkafka flfi,a h' wm rfÜ oekg

wdikak jYfhka fylaghdr 50"000 la muK N+ñ

m%udKhl flfi,a j.d lrhs'

ta w;ßka yïnkaf;dg Èia;%slalfha

jd¾Islj fylaghd¾ 7"300 la muK

m%udKhl flfi,a j.dj isÿ lrkq ,nhs' m%Odk

jYfhka weUq,a yd flda,sl=Ügq m%fNaohka o

iq¿ jYfhka iSks flfi,a" w¿ flfi,a jeks

m%fNaohka o j.d lrkq ,nhs'

Èjhsfka wfkl=;a m%foaY fukau

yïnkaf;dg flfi,a f.dùka o uqyqKmdk

m%Odku .eg¿j jkafka ;u ksIamdokhg

idOdrK ksYaÑ; ñ,la fkdue;s ùu yd mekud


jeks frda.S ;;a;ajhkag iaÓr m%;sl¾u

fkdue;s ùu nj fmkajdÈh yelsh'

fï jk úg yïnkaf;dg

ksfhdacH lDIsl¾u wOHCI ^wka;¾ m<d;a&

ld¾hd,h" fydrK m,;=re m¾fhaIK yd

ixj¾Ok wdh;kh yd yïnkaf;dg Èia;%sla

f,alï ld¾hd,h yd tlaj wmkhkh i|yd

flfi,a j.d lsÍug jevigykla Èh;a lr

we;'

weUq,a" flda,sl=Ügq yd iSks flfi,a

jeks m%fNao wm rg ;=< ckm%sh jqj;a

wmkhk fj<ofmdf<a by< b,a¨ula

;sfnkafka lefjkaäIa j¾.fha flfi,a

j,g fõ' tneúka wmkhk ld¾hfha§

tu flfi,a m%fNaoh wm Èia;%slalh ;=<

j.dlsÍfï wjYH;djh mekke.sks' tfukau

wmkhk fj<ofmd, b,lal lr j.d lghq;=

lsÍfï§ wmkhk m%ñ;Skag .e,fmk mßÈ

j.d lghq;= yd wfkl=;a l%shdldrlï isÿlsÍfï

wjYH;djh we;s úh'

wmkhk fj<ofmd,g hjkq ,nk

flfi,a ndysr jYfhka iSÍï" wjmeye

.ekaùï" ,m yd le<e,a j,ska f;dr úh hq;=

fiau tu flfi,a f.ä È.ska fikaáóg¾ 18

la j;a ùuo" úYalïNh fikaáóg¾ 3'6 ) 4'5

;a w;r ùuo wjYH fõ'

f.dùka iy bvï f;dard .ekSu

by; m%ñ;Ska iys; ksIamdokhla

,nd .ekSug wm isÿlrkq ,enQ j.djka

b;d ie,ls,af,ka yd wjodkfhka hq;=j

isÿl< hq;= úh' wdrïNhla f,i yïnkaf;dg

Èia;%slalfha ßÈh.u lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl

n, m%foaYh ;=< flfi,a wlalr 50 l N+ñ

m%foaYhla lefjkaäIa flfi,a j.dj i|yd

fhdod.kq ,eìKs' j.d lghq;= i|yd Wkkaÿjla

iy lemùula iys; f.dùka 27 fofkl= iy

c, iïmdok myiqlï iy j.djg iqÿiq mila

iy mßirhla iys; j.d ìï fï i|yd

f;dard .kakd ,§' fuh kj jevigykl

wdrïNhla jQ neúka ta i|yd jvd;au iqÿiq

f.dùka f;dard .ekSu w;HdjYH lreKla úh'

fCIa;% ixia:dmkh

j.dj frda. yd m<sfndaO j,ska

f;drj mj;ajd.ekSu yd taldldÍ Yla;su;a

j.djla ,nd.ekSfï wruqKska iqÿiq m%udKhg

j¾Okh jQ iy mßirhg yqrelrk ,o mgl

frdams; flfi,a me< fhdod.kakd ,§'

flfi,a .fia j¾Okhg wjYH

bvlv" fmdaIl wjYH;d iy iQ¾hdf,dalh

,efnk m%udKh ms<sn|j i,ld n,d

yd flfi,a wiajkq fk<Su yd m%jdykh

wiajekakg ndysrj isÿjk m¿ÿùï wju

| f.dúlï iÕrdj6

lsÍfï wruqKska idudkH j.d l%uhg

jvd uola fjkia jk mßÈ mr;r fhdod

.ksñka my; whqßka me< fCIa;%fha

isgqùu lrkq ,eîKs'

fï whqßka wlalr 1 la i|yd me<

750 la isgqjk ,§' fldïfmdaiaÜ mqrjd ilik

,o fikaáóg¾ 30 x 30 x 30 m%udKfha

j<j,a j, fCIA;% ixia:dmkh isÿ flßKs'

isÿl< hq;= frdamK lghq;=

wmkhkhg iqÿiq by< .=K;aufhka

hq;= jeä wiajekakla ,nd .ekSu i|yd miq

frdamK lghq;= b;d wjodkfhka hq;=j isÿ

lsÍu w;HdjYH úh'

² mdxY= ;;a;ajh i,ld n,d kshñ;

l,dka;rfhka kshñ; m%udK j,ska

fmdfydr fh§u'

² mi ks;ru fCIA;% Odß;djfha ;sfnk mßÈ

c, iïmdokh lsÍu'

² j,a u¾Okh lsÍu' ^flfi,a w;r t<j¿

fyda w;sf¾l wdydr fnda. j.dj uÕsska

j,a u¾Ok ld¾h ld¾hlaIu jQ w;r

wu;r wodhula f.dúhdg ,nd.; yels

úh&'

² m÷re md,kh lsÍu yd wkjYH m;% bj;a

lsÍu'

hkd§ lghq;= ksis whqßka l< hq;= úh'

óg wu;rj mS§fuka miqj wmkhk

m%ñ;sfhka hq;= yd Wmßu nrlska hq;a flfi,a

lekla ,nd.ekSug my; l%shdldrlï l< hq;=

úh'

² flfi,a lek Wmßu m%udKhg j¾Okh jQ

úg flfi,a uqj lvd bj;alsÍu'

1.75 - 2 m

1.75 - 2 m

3.5 m

1.75 - 2 m

1.75 - 2 m


² my< ;sfnk flfi,a weßj,g lyg

m;s;ù me,a,ï we;s fkdjk fia tajd tlska

tl lvodis j,ska wdjrKh lr flfi,a

f.ä w.%fha b;=re ù we;s mqIamfha

fldgia lvd bj;a lsÍu' ^mqIam j,ska hqI

Wrd fndk jjq,ka" l=re,a,ka yd wfkl=;a

lDóka f.ka flfi,a f.ä j,g jk ydks

je<elaùug fuh wjYH fõ&'

² idudkHfhka flfi,a wejß 9)11 la muK

tla lekl b;sß jk mßÈ wjidkhg

we;s flfi,a wejß bj;a lsÍu' ^flfi,a

lefka b;sß wejß mQ¾Kj msreKq" nßka

jeä flfi,a lekla ,nd.ekSug fuh isÿ

lrk ,§&'

² flfi,a lek iïmQ¾Kfhkau jeiS hk

mßÈ f.aÊ 150)200 lajQ fikaáóg¾ 1 l

úYalïNfhka hq;a iudk ÿßka fh¥ isÿre

100 la muK iys; È.ska fikaáóg¾ 150

la yd m<,ska fikaáóg¾ 75 la muK

jQ iqÿ meye;s fmd,s;ska j,ska flfi,a

lek wdjrKh lsÍu' ^lDñ i;=kaf.ka iy

frda. j,ska flfi,a lek wdrlaId lr

.ekSu" ndysßka flfi,a leka j,g jk

fN!;sl ydks j<lajd .ekSu" ysre t<sfhka

jk wjmeye .ekaùfuka flfi,a lek

wdrlaId lr .ekSu i|yd fuu ld¾h

lsÍu wjYH úh&'

² flfi,a lek wdjrKh lsÍug fmr

wdjrKh ;=< msysá flfi,a leka u;

È,Sr j¾Okh j<lajd .ekSug iqÿiq È,Sr

kdYlhla w;ska l%shd lrk Èhr biskhla

uÕska biSu'

² flfi,a lefka nr ksid .i lvd jeàu

je<elaùug flfi,a lefka mdoia:hg jk

mßÈ wOdrl lKq iúlsÍu'

²

idudkHfhka lefjkaäIa flfi,a

.ila wä 6 la muK Wig j¾Okh jk

neúka by; l%shdldrlï wmyiqjlska f;drj

ìu isg isÿ lsÍug yelshdj ,efí'

wiajkq fk,Su

idudkHfhka lefjkaäIa flfi,a

me<hla isgqjd udi 05 ka muK mS§u isÿfõ'

flfi,a lekl jhi oek .ekSfï myiqj

i<ld flfi,a .i mSÿKqq Èkh" tu flfi,a

lek wdjrKh lrk iqÿ meye;s wdjrKfha

fkdueflk ;Skaf;ka igyka lsÍu isÿ lrk

,§'

flfi,a lekla lemSug iqÿiq wjia:dj

;SrKh lsÍu tys j¾Okh ù we;s m%udKh

ksÍlaIKh lsÍfuka lrk ,§' kshñ;

È.ska yd úYalïNfhka hq;= flfi,a wejß

iys; leka ta i|yd f;dard .kq ,eì”'

idudkHfhka mS§fuka udi 2½ ) 3 §

| f.dúlï iÕrdj8

muK wiajkq fk<k wjia:djg m;a fõ'

^wmkhkh i|yd flfi,a wiajkq

fk<Sfï§ th mQ¾K jYfhka fudark f;la

fyda flfi,a f.ä mQ¾K jYfhka msfrk

wjia:dj jk f;la .; lrkq fkd,nhs'&

lmd .kakd ,o flfi,a leka

flfi,a f.ä ;e,Sulska fyda m¿ÿùulska

f;drj wmkhkh i|yd ilik ia:dkh

lrd /f.k hdu m%Odk j.lSula úh'

fuu ld¾hfha§ flfi,a leka lemSu i|yd

;sfofkla j;a iyNd.S lr .; hq;= úh'

tla wfhla flfi,a leka lmk úg wks;a

fofokdf.ka tla wfhla th ;u lr u;

;nd .;a iafmdkaÉ mEâ tlla u;g .kakd

w;r wks;a mqoa.,hd tu ld¾h i|yd

iyfhda.h olajhs'

wiajkq ieliSu yd weisÍu

fï whqßka lmd.;a flfi,a leka

ieliqï lrk ia:dkfha fijfka t,a,d ;nd

wmkhkh i|yd fhdod.kakd fmÜá j,

wiqrd YS;lrk l=àr lrd f.khdu olajd

ld¾hhka lsysmhla l< hq;= úh'

² flfi,a lefkka wejßh iys; fldgi

lmdf.k bka wejßh fjkalr .ekSu'

² wejßh flfi,a f.ä 6 ) 7 la iys;

fldgia j,g fjkalr .ekSu yd j¾.

lsÍu'

² fiaÿïldrl iys; c, gexlshl .s,ajd

wmøjH iy lyg fidaod .ekSu'

² fidaod.;a flfi,a nelaàßhdkdYl wvx.=

c, gexlshl .s,ajd .ekSu'

² f;;ukh bj;a lr È,Sr kdYlhla bi

msßisÿ lsÍu'

² msiod.;a flfi,a f.ä nr lsrd .ekSu'

² isÿre l, fmd,s;ska u¿ j, nyd isÿre

iys; fmÜá j, weisÍu yd YS; l=áfha

.nvd lsÍu'

tla fmÜáhl lsf,da.%Eï 13 jk mßÈ

weiqrkq ,nhs'


wodhu yd ,dNh

yïnkaf;dg ßÈh.u isÿlrk ,o

j.dfõ§ fuys olajd ;sfnk mr;r wkqj

j.d lrk úg wlalrhl isgqjk ,o me<

ixLHdj 750 la úh' idudkHfhka flfi,a

lekl nr lsf,da.%Eï 25)30 w;r jQ w;r

tla lekla re' 1"000'00 ) 1"500'00 la

w;r uqo,lg wf,úlsÍug yelshdj ,eìKs'

idudkHfhka fujeks j.djlska wjqreÿ 8)10

l muK ld,hla wiajkq ,nd .; yelsfõ'

wlalr tllska

m<uq udi 10 l ld,h ;=<

wfmalaIs; wodhu } re' 900"000'00

isÿl, hq;= jQ úhou } re' 600"000'00

ta wkqj m<uq wiajekafkka

,efnk ,dNh } re' 300"000'00

m<uq wiajekafkka miqj isÿl< hq;=

úhou 50] la muK wvqlr .;yels jkq

we;s w;r idudkHfhka udi 8 lg jrla

flfi,a wiajekak ,nd.; yelsh'

ta wkqj j¾I 2l ld,hla ;=< fuu

lefjkaäIa flfi,a j.djlska wiajkq jdr 3 la

,nd.; yels w;r remsh,a ñ,shk 1'8 l

muK ,dNhla f.dúhdg ,nd.; yelsjkq

we;'

iEu f.dú uyf;l=u wmkhklre

iu. iemhSu yd ñ, ms<sn|j .súiqï.;j

we;s neúka ñ, wvqùfï ;¾ckh fndfyda

fihska wvqlr f.k we;'

wlalr 50 lska wdrïN lrk ,o

fuu j.d jevigyk 2019 j¾Ih ;=< wlalr

250 olajd jeä lr.ekSu wmf.a wruqKhs'

iïmQ¾K iy id¾:l wmkhk jevigykla

lrd fhduq ùug fuu ìï m%udKh fylaghdr

1000 la olajdj;a jeälr .; hq;=fõ' 2018

yd 2019 j¾I j, wm úiska wdrïN lrk

,o fuu jevigyfka id¾:l;ajh u; bÈß

lghq;= isÿlsÍu ms<snoj ;SrKh f.dú uy;=ka

úiska isÿ lrkq we;'

f.dúlï iÕrdjg f;dr;=re tla lf<a"

wd¾' tÉ' hQ' .=Kj¾OkksfhdacH lDIsl¾u wOHCI ^wka;¾ m<d;a&

ksfhdacH lDIsl¾u wOHCI ld¾hd,h"

ud.ï reyqKqmqr mßmd,k ixlS¾Kh"

yïnkaf;dg

| f.dúlï iÕrdj10

fndfyda úg Tn ljodj;a cmka

fldlsvdud (Kokidama) WoHdkhla .ek

wy,d ke;sj we;s' ta;a fï ,smsh lsfhõjg

miafia kï ta .ek Tng Wkkaÿjla we;sjk

nj ug we;a;gu iy;sl lrkak mq¿jka' fuh

fndfyda úg t,af,k WoHdkhla f,i

mj;sk w;r b;d l=vd bv m%udKhl jqjo

ks¾udKh lr.kak Tng mq¿jka' tfukau

fuh b;du;a wvq uqo,lg iod.ekSug yels

ùu;a b;du jeo.;a' fuys§ Tn leu;s

me<h uDÿ mdis uÕska wdjrK lrk ,o

uv mkaÿjl isgqjd by< t,a,d ;eîu isÿ

lrkq ,efí'

oeka Tn ms<s.kakjdkï fuh Tfí

ksji w,xldr lr .ekSug b;d fyd|

úi÷ula f,i my; mshjr wkq.ukh

lsrSfuka Tng Tfíu w,xldr fldlsvdud

WoHdkhla ks¾udKh lr.kak mq¿jka

Tn iQodkï kï my; øjH ál

uq,skau tl;= lr.kak' uu lshkakï yok

úosh'

² Tn leu;s wdldrfha me<hla

² fndkaidhs udOH

² fldïfmdiaÜ udOHh

² uDÿ mdis

² ,Kqjla$ f.daks kQ,la


yrsfka" oeka n,uq" fldfyduo

fldlsvdud yod.kafka lsh,d'

mshjr 01

uq,skau fndkaidhs udOH 70] ;a

fldïfmdiaÜ iy ueá 30] ;a wkqmd;h

tk f,i fydoska udOHh ñY% lr .kak'

oeka ñY%Khg c,h fhdoñka ñY%lr rEm

igyfka mrsos ^w.a.,d .=,shla wdldrhg&

mkaÿjla iod.kak'

mia mkaÿj iEoSfïoS ie,ls,su;a

úh hq;= lrKq 02 la Tng lshkak ´k'

m<uq lreK ;uhs mkaÿfjka msgg mia

jefgkak fokak tmd' ta jf.au Ydl uq,a

j,g j¾Okh jkak myiq wdldrhg ;o

fkdlr iod .kak;a ´k'

mshjr 02

mkaÿj iod wjidkfha ñg fud,jd

mkaÿj ;=< rEm igyfka mrsos isÿrla iod

.kak'

mshjr 03

f;dard.;a me<fha uq,a j, mj;sk

wkjYH mia iSrefjka bj;a lr th idod.;a

mia mkaÿfõ isÿre ;=< ;nd me<h jfÜu

mia oud iSrejg ;o lrkak' oeka Tfí <Õ

;sfnk me<h isgqjd wjika'

| f.dúlï iÕrdj12

c, Ndckhl .s,ajd jeämqr c,h jykh

ùug ie,eiaùfuka fldlsvdud j,g c,h

iïmdokh lrkak;a mq¿jka'

jeo.;a (

Tng ,iaik fldlsvdud WoHdkhla

wjYH kï me< f;aÍfï§ b;du;a

ie,ls,su;a ùug u;l ;nd .; hq;=hs'

thg fya;=j ;uhs fuhg fijK m%sh Ydl

f;dard .ekSfuka jvd;a id¾:l m%;sM,

fk,d.kak mq¿jka ùu'

ta jf.au ;uhs fldlsvdud Ndú;d

lrkak mq¿jka" úúO úê ;sfhkjd' th Tng

jeo.;a fjhs' ta ksid uu lshkakï th Tfí

ks¾udKYS,S;ajh u; fjkia lrkak mq¿jka

lsh,d' fuh Tng wjYH kï ksji ;=<;a

yels kï msg; w,xlrKh i|yd;a fhdod

.kak mq¿jka' we;=<; kï th ld¾hd,hg"

lEu ldurfha fïih ueog tk fia"

uq¿;ekaf.g" ne,alkshg" kdk ldurhg jeks

´kEu iqÿiq ia:dkhlg fhdod .kak mq¿jka'

ta jf.au ;uhs by< t,a,Sug wu;rj me;,s

ia:dkhl ;eîu" w,xldr n÷kl ;eîu"

osrmq l|ka iuÕ ks¾udKYS,sj ;eîu"

wjia:dkql=,j ;E.s §ug;a tys ´kEu iqÿiq

wdldrhlg fhdod .kak;a mq¿jka'

f.dúlï iÕrdjg tla lf<a"

tka' ví' ù' Wodß YIsl,d fi!uHd l=udß

iyldr lDIsl¾u wOHlaI ^lDIs ixj¾Ok&"

Y%S ,xld lDIsl¾u úoHd,h"

wÕ=Kfld<me,eiai'

mshjr 04

mia fnda,h mrsiaiñka mdis j,ska

wdjrKh lr fiñka ;o lrkak' mdis jefghs

lsh,d nhfjkak tmd' fudlo kQ,a j,ska mdis

T;k ksid mdis jefgkafk kE' ;jo mkaÿj

jfÜg mdis ;nkak fmr f;; f.dakshla

T;,d ta jfÜg mdis T;kak Tng mq¿jka kï"

w,xldrh ;j;a jeä lr.kak mq¿jka'

mshjr 05

kQ,a j,ska mkaÿj t;SfïoS ie,ls,su;a

fjkak ´k ;j;a ldrKhla ;uhs mkaÿfõ

me;s ish,a, yd my< fldgi fyd¢ka

wdjrKh jk mrsos kQ,a j,ska t;Su' bka

miqj mkaÿj ;j;a ,Kqjla wOdrfhka by<g

t,a,Sug iQodkï lr.kak'

fijK iys; ia:dkhl by<g

t,af,k me<hlg kï c, biskhla Ndú;d

lr c,h biskak;a mq¿jka' tfyu;a ke;skï


j¾;udkfha lïlre Y%uh wvq ùu

ksid yd lïlre Y%uh i|yd by< ñ,la

oeÍug isÿùu ksid;a f.j;= w,xlrKh

yd f.dúm,a md,k lghq;= j,§ w;HdjYH

hka;%hla njg zz;Kfld, lmk hka;%hzz

(Bush cutter) m;a ù we;'

úúO udos,sfha yd j¾. j,ska fukau

l%shdlrk n,h wkqj o tla tla hka;% j,

úúO fjkialï we;' fuu hka;% Ndú;h

fukau tajd kv;a;=j ms<sn|j hï oekqula

;sîu hka;%fha meje;aug fukau hka;%fhka

Wmßu ld¾hlaIu;djhla ,nd .ekSug o

WmdlÍ fõ'

ta wkqj Tnf.a fuu hka;%fhka

m%fhdack .kakjd fiau" tu hka;%h kv;a;=j

ms<sn|j o ukd oekqula ;sîu jeo.;ah'

fuu ,smsfhka ;Kfld, lmk hka;%fha

tosfkod kv;a;=j ms<sn|j Tng hï

oekqula ,nd oSug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjñ'

² Tn úiska ñ,oS .;a ;Kfld, lmk

hka;%h iuÕ ,ndfok ,o tu hka;%h

l%shdlrùfï w;afmd; (Operating

Manual) fyd|ska lshjd ta ms<sn|j

oekqula ,nd .kak'

² hka;%h iuÕ ,nd oS we;s wu;r Wmdx.

w;afmdf;a we;s wdldrhg ksjerosj ;sfí

oehs mÍlaId lr n,kak' ^,sysis f;,a

(2T Oil) udml fnda;,h" wu;r ;,"

wdhqO lÜg, wdosh&

| f.dúlï iÕrdj14

² tu w;afmdf;a we;s wdldrhg ^kj

hka;%hla kï& hka;%hg iúl, hq;=

Wmdx. iú lrkak ^fï iïnkaOj

oekqula we;s wfhl= uÕska th bgq lr

.ekSu jvd;a iqÿiqh'&

² ksjeros f,i ilia lr .;a Tnf.a

;Kfld, lmk hka;%hg wod, Wmfoia

wkqj kshu wkqmd;hg bkaOk yd ,sysis

f;,a ^2T Oil& f;,a ñY%lr fhdokak'

² fuu hka;% i|yd bkaOk fhdok

úg iEu úgu bkaOk gexlsfha we;s

fmrkh (Filter) yrydu bkaOk

fhdokak'

² ks;ru msßisÿ fmg%,a ^bkaOk& Ndú;d

lsÍu yd ta i|yd fjku Ndckhla

(Can) ;nd .kak'

by; wdldrhg iQodkï lr .;a

;Kfld, lmk hka;%h Ndú;fha§ o" my;

i|yka Wmfoia ms<smoskak'

» wdrlaIl wdïmkak m,oskak' ^oE;a

wdjrK" lka wdjrK" md wdjrK wdosh&

» ;Kfld, j,g wod, iqÿiq lemqï ;,$

lemqï kQ,a (Blades/ Code) Ndú;d lrkak'

» ;Kfld< lmk hka;%h Ndú;hg fmr

tys we;s ndysr fldgia$ Wmdx. ^;,h"

;, wdjrK" ;,h iújk uqßÉÖ" lf¾

t,a,k má& wdosh fyd|ska mßlaId lr

ne,sh hq;=h'


tys hï m¿oaola" msmsÍula" bß ;e,Sula

fyda fodaIhla ;sfí kï tu fldgia

w¿;ska iú lsÍu fyda fodaIh ksrjoH

lr .ekSug mshjr .; hq;=h'

» hka;%fha tkacsu Wmßu fõ.hlska Odjkh

fkdlr fCIA;%fha fyda ;Kfld, j,

iajNdjh wkqj fõ.h md,kh lr.kak'

fuuÕska bkaOk mdßfNdackh md,kh lr

.ekSug;a" wksis f,i tkacsu r;aùu yd

laIhùu wvq lr .ekSug;a" Yíoh yd

ÿu wju lsÍu uÕska mßirhg isÿjk

ydksh wvq lr .ekSug;a mq¿jk'

» fuu hka;%fhka ;Kfld< lmk úg

hka;%fha ;,h" ls%hdlref.a mdoj,g

ióm jk f,i ;Kfld, lemSfuka

j<lskak' tys we;s t,jqï okafâ os.

m%udKh ks;ru YÍrfha isg iudk

ÿrlska mj;ajdf.k hd hq;=hs'

» ;Kfld, lmk úg ;ukaf.a wdrlaIdj

fukau wka whf.a wdrlaIdj;a jgdmsgdfõ

isák iqr;,a i;=ka" jdyk" f.dvke.s,s

j, wdrlaIdj ms<sn|j o wjodkhla

we;sj hka;%h Ndú;d l< hq;=h'

^fCIa;%fha .,a fndr¿ iys; N+ñhla we;s

úg ;,h ìu josk f,i my;a lr

;Kfld, lemSfuka je<lS isáh hq;=h&

» hka;%h Ndú;fha§ tl os.g fndfydaa

fõ,djla l%shd;aul fkdlr mehla

muK Ndú;d l< miq úkdä 15 l

muK ld,hla hka;%h l%shd úrys; lr

;eîu uÕska hka;%h r;aùu wvqlr .;

yelsfõ' tuÕska tys wdhqld,h jeä lr

.; yelsh'

» hka;%fha jdhqfYdaOlh yd bkaOk

mqrjk gexlsh ;=< we;s bkaOk fmrKhys

wdosfha wmøjH we;aoehs Ndú;fhaoS yd

Ndú;fhka miq iqmßlaIdfjka isàu;a

tfia wmøjH ;sfí kï th msßisÿ

lsÍug;a j. n,d .; hq;=h'

| f.dúlï iÕrdj16

» fuys we;s welai,f¾g¾ flan,a$ ;,h

iújk ia:dkfha we;s fnhdßka" m%Odk

t<jqï oKav (Drive Shaft) wdÈh ,sysis

f;,a yd .%Sia fhoSu hka;%fha Ndú;h

wkqj" tosfkod fiajdjka ;=<§ isÿl<

hq;=h'

» hka;%fha hï fodaIhla we;s jQ úg ta

iïnkaOj oekqula we;s ld¾ñl Ys,amsfhl=

úiskau w¿;ajeähd lghq;= lrkak'

tfia fkdue;sj hï hï fldgia .e,ùu

uÕska hka;%fha tu fldgia úkdY ùu

ksid w¿;ska iemhSug fyda hka;%fha wdhq

ld,h wvqùu fyda isÿúh yelsh'

fï wdldrhg Ndú;d lrk Tnf.a

;Kfld< lmk hka;%h Ndú;fhka miqj o

th wdrCId lsÍu yd /ln,d .ekSu Tnf.a

hq;=luls'

» iEu Ndú;hlgu miqj ;Kfld< lmk

hka;%fha ndysr ish¿ fldgia yd isis,k

jr,a (Cooling Fins) ldìhqf¾grfha

ndysrh" mq<sÕ= fmakqfõ ndysrh" jdhq

fYdaOlfha ndysrh yd tys fmrKh

msßisÿ lsÍu jeo.;ah'

» hka;%h .nvd lsÍug fmr bkaOk

msgjk k,fha we;s msgdr lrduh jid"

ldìhqf¾grfha we;s bkaOk m%udKh

wjika jk;=re hka;%h mK.kajd ;nd

(Idiling Speed) hka;%h wl%shùfuka miq

.nvd lsÍu jeo.;a h'

» .nvdlr ;eîfïoS wêl wõj" riakh

fkdue;s isis,a ia:dkhl .nvdlr ;eîu

jeo.;ah'

» l=vd <uqkaf.ka wdrlaIdjk wdldrhg

.nvd lsÍu

» hka;%fha t<jqï oKav (Drive Shaft)

;og kefjk wdldrfhka fkd;nkak'


ks;ru fuu t,jqï oKav os. yeÍ

we;s wdldrhg ieye,a¨fjka ;nkak'

fuu t,jqï oKav kefjk f,i È.=

ld,hla .nvd lr ;eîfuka tu

ia:dkfhka m¿ÿ ùula fyda leã hdu

isÿúh yel' ^Tnf.a hka;%h .nvdfõ

t,a,d ;eîfuka ta i|yd hk bv

m%udKhla b;sß lr.; yelsh'&

fï wdldrhg Tng Woõ lrk

Tnf.a ;Kfld< lmk hka;%h /l.ekSfuka

Wmßu ld¾hCIu;djhlska hq;=j l%shd

lr.ekSug;a" tys wdhq ld,h jeä

lr.ekSug;a mq¿jk'

wm tosfkod Ndú;d lrk ;Kfld<

lmk hka;%h iq¿ fjkialï fldg" ^;,

wdjrKh fjkia lsÍu u.ska& f.dùka úiska

f.dhï lemSu i|ydo Ndú;d lrhs' tu

WmlrKh i|yd o kv;a;= lghq;= by;

wdldrfhkau isÿ l< yel'


ñ,skao iurfldaka

lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl

lDIsl¾u m%ldYk tallh" .kafkdarej


iqoiaix jÊcx w[af[aix

w;a;fkda mk ÿoaoix

mf¾ix ys fida jÊcdks

´mqKd;s h:dN+ix

w;a;fkda mk Pdfoks

l,sx p ls;ajd ifOda

wkqkaf.a jro oelSu f,fyish'

;ukaf.a jro oelSu wmyiqh'

wkqkaf.a jro fidhkakd

ta jro oyhshd fuka

fmd<d fmd<d fmkajhs'

fyf;u ;u isrer iÕjk

lmá <sysKs jeoafol= fuka

;udf.a jro iÕjd.kS'

- Oïu moh -

| f.dúlï iÕrdj18

rglcq j.dfjka

rfÜ wd¾Ólhg w;aje,la fjuq

furg id¾:lj j.d l< yels

lDIsld¾ñl fNda. úYd, m%udKhla wm úiska

úfoaYhkaf.ka wdkhkh lrkafkuq' ta i|yd

jd¾Islj w;s úYd, uqo,a m%udKhla úhoï

flf¾' jd¾Islj furgg rglcq fuá%la fgdka

3500 la muK wdkhkh flf¾' tfy;a" rglcq

b;d myiqfjka Y%S ,xldfõ úh<s iy w;rueÈ

l,dmj, j.d l< yels w;r b;d fyd|

wdodhula o Wmhd.; yel' fyd| wdodhula

,nd.ekSug rglcq j.d l< hq;= wdldrh

iy fï jkúg;a lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=j

ks¾foaY lr we;s úúO rglcq m%fNao

.ek;a fuu ,smsh uÕska bÈßm;a lsÍug

n,dfmdfrd;a;= fõ'

rglcq Yla;sh ,ndfok f;,a fNda.hla

jk w;r by< fmdaIKh w.hlska hqla;

fõ' rglcq j, f;,a m%;sY;h 40] isg

48] olajd jk w;r fm%daàk 26]la iy

lfndayhsfâ%Ü 18] isg 20] muK wvx.= fõ'

óg wu;rj" le,aishï" fmdiamria" hlv"

úgók" Lksc ,jk iy m%;sTlaisldrl j,ska

wkQk fõ' rglcq uÕska isref¾ we;s wys;lr

fldf,iagfrda,a uÜgu wvqlr" ys;lr

fldf,iagfrda,a uÜgu jeälrhs' tuÕska yoj;a

frda. we;sùu j<lajk w;r" rglcq j, we;s

mSfkd,sl m%;sTlaisldrl uÕska wdudY.;

ms<sld we;sùfï wjodku wvq lrhs' rglcq uÕska

isref¾ nr wkjYH f,i jeä lrkafka ke;'

fujka jákdlï /ila ork rglcq

rks, l=,hg wh;a jk w;r ol=Kq wefußldfõ

iïNjhù we;' fï jk úg uq¿ ol=Kq wdishdj


mqrdu rglcq jHdma;j we;s w;r Ökh f,dj

jeäu rglcq ksIamdolhd fõ' bkaÈhdj o f,dal

ksIamdokfhka ie<lsh hq;= m%udKhla rglcq

ksmojhs'

wÕ=Kfld<me,eiafia udI yd f;,a

fnda. m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kh rglcq

j.dj iïnkaOj m¾fhaIK isÿlrk Y%S ,xldfõ

lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=j hgf;a we;s

m%Odku wdh;kh jk w;r oekg ks¾foaYs;

ish¨u rglcq m%fNao fuu wdh;kh uÕska

ksmojd we;' rglcq j.dj m%p,s; ù we;af;a

uq,;sjq" wïmdr" ;%sl=Kdu,h" uvl,mqj"

fudKrd.," l=reKE.," jjqkshdj" mq;a;,u

iy yïnkaf;dg Èia;%slal j, fõ' óg wu;rj

úh<s iy w;rueÈ l,dmSh wfkl=;a Èia;%slal

j,;a rglcq j.dj jHdma; fjñka mj;S'

rglcq j.dj h," uy folkakfhau

isÿl< yels w;r" Y%S ,xldfõ úh<s iy w;rueÈ

l,dm j, j.dj i|yd fhda.Hh foaY.=Ksl

;;a;ajhla mj;S' ukd c,jykhlska hq;a je,s

f,dau mi j.djg fhda.H jk w;r" mfia mS' tÉ'

w.h 6'5 isg 7 olajd ùu jvd;a iqÿiq fõ' h,

lkakh i|yd wfm%a,a udih;a" uy lkakh i|yd

Tlaf;dan¾ udih;a îc isgqùug jvd;a WÑ;h'

fikaáóg¾ 15 isg 20 la olajd .eUqrg mi fmr<d

leg fmdä lr.ekSu uÕska j.dj i|yd ìu

ilia lr .;yels fõ' mfia iajNdjh wkqj

md;a;s ilia lsÍu l< hq;=h' je,s wêl mil

kï" md;a;s ilia lsÍulska f;drju kshñ;

mr;rhg îc isgúh yels w;r" ;rula ueá

iys; mia i|yd we<s jeá l%uhg fyda we<s iys;

m<," Wia md;a;s fhdod .; yelsh' flfia

fj;;a mfia c,jykh ÿ¾j, kï" we<s jeá

l%uh fh§u jvd;a iqÿiq fõ'

îc ieliSu wjidkfha uq,sl fmdfydr

f,i fylaghdrhlg hqßhd" ;%s;aj iqm¾ fmdiafmÜ

iy ñhqßfhaÜ T*a fmdgEIa" wkqms<sfj,ska

lsf,da.%Eï 35$ 100$ 75 hk m%udK ñY% lr mig

fh§u wjYHh' kejqï ìul j.dj wrUkafka

kï fmdfydr fh§u wjYHh fkdfõ' tfy;a

ld,hla ;siafia j.d l< ìul rglcq

j.dlrkafka kï fmdfydr fh§u uÕska b;d

fyd| wiajekakla ,nd.; yelsh'

,xld cïfnda jeks úYd, îc iys;

m%fNao i|yd fylaghdrhg lsf,da.%Eï 100 la

muK îc wjYH jk w;r" isgùu i|yd lr,a

fhdod.kS kï" fylaghdrhg lsf,da.%Eï 130 la

muK wjYH fõ' fiiq m%fNao i|yd fylaghdrhg

lsf,da.%Eï 70 la muK îc fh§u m%udKj;a fõ'

îc isgqùfï§ fma<s w;r fikaáóg¾ 45 la iy

| f.dúlï iÕrdj20

me< w;r fikaáóg¾ 15 la jk fia mr;rh

;nd.ekSu m%udKj;a fõ' îc me< wjêfha

je<¢h yels È,Sr frda. j,ska wdrlaIdlr

.ekSug" îc isgqùug fmr îc lsf,da.%Eï

tllg ;fhda*fkaÜ ó;hs,a 50] iy ;srdï

30] ví'mS' .%Eï folla jkfia ñY%lr isgqùu

isÿlrkak' îc me<ùug m%udKj;a c,

iemhSula uq,a i;s lSmh ;=< ,nd§u wjYH fõ'

isgqjd i;s 3 muK isg u,a msmsu wdrïN

jk w;r" fï ld,h ;=< j,a me< md,kh i|yd

lghq;= lsÍu wjYHh' u,a msmsfï wdrïNh;a

iuÕ u;=msg fmdfydr f,i hqßhd fylaghdrhg

lsf,da.%Eï 30 la jk fia fh§u wiajkq jeäùug

fya;=fõ' ;jo" u,a msmsu iuÕu ukd c,

iïmdokhla mj;ajd .ekSu b;du;a wjYH fõ'

rglcq u,ska yg.kakd cdhdx.h mi ;=<ska

.uka lr lr,a we;s lrk ksid" mi f;;aj ;sîu

tu ld¾hh myiq lrhs' kj;u rglcq m%fNao

i|yd mia ,x lsÍu t;rïu wjYH fkdjqk;a"

me<h mduq, ,sys,aj mej;Su jeä lr,a

m%udKhla ksmoùu myiq lrhs' wiajkq fk<Sug

wdikakfha c, iïmdokh wkjYH

fõ' wiajkq fk<Sug fhda.Hu wjia:dj

y÷kd.ekSug j.dfõ ia:dk lSmhlska me<

lSmhla .,jd lr,a j, fuÍfï iajNdjh

ksÍlaIKh l< hq;=h' uq¿ lr,a m%udKfhka

75] - 80] la muK fudard we;súg wiajkq

fk<Sug fhda.Hh' fï wjia:dfõ" lr,a j,

we;=,a me;af;a ÿUqre meye ,m n,d .; yelsh'

ukd j.d l%u wkq.ukh uÕska b;d fyd|

wiajekakla ,nd.; yelsh'

rglcq j.dfõ m<sfndaO ydks w,am

fõ' m;% lk o<Uqjka iy l=ä;a;ka md,khg

ks¾foYs; lDñ kdYlhla fh§u l< yelsh'

m;% mq,a,s iy u<lv frda.h i|yd ks¾foYs;

È,Sr kdYlhla fh§u wjYHh'

rglcq j.dfõ Y%u Ndú;h

;rula jeäh' fï ksid j.d iy miq wiajkq

lghq;= i|yd hdka;%SlrKh y÷kajd§u w;sYhska

jeo.;a fõ' ìï ieliSfï§ ;eá k.=, iy

frdgßh Ndú;d l< yels w;r" we<s jeá

oeóug frdao 4 g%elagrhg iïnkaO l<

we<s jeáoukh Ndú;d lsÍu b;d myiqh'

wiajkq fk,Sfuka miq rglcq .ia j,ska lr,a

fjka lr.ekSu i|yd o kj;u hka;%hla

mj;S' f.dhï fld< uäk hka;%hlg iudk

fujka WmlrK fï jk úg;a f.dùka w;r

ckm%sh fjñka mj;S' tfukau" lr,a j,ska

îc fjkalsÍu i|yd o úÿ,sfhka l%shdlrk

ir, hka;% fï jk úg ksmojd we;' fufia

hdka;%SlrKh y÷jd§u;a iuÕ rglcq j.dj

iuÕ w;aje,a ne|.kakd ;reK msßi jeäùu

wfmalaId flf¾' id¾:l j.djla i|yd c,

iïmdokh w;HdjYH jk w;r" ta i|yd

úisreï c, moaO;s fhdod.ekSu b;d id¾:lh'

rglcq m%fNao w;ßka ;siai iy

ANKG1 udi ;=klska wiajkq fok w;r"

;siai m%fNaoh f.dú ck;dj w;r jvd;a

ckm%sh fõ' fuu j¾. folu fylaghdrhg

lsf,da.%Eï 2500 lg jvd jeä wiajkq ,ndfoa'

bkaÈ m%fNaoh wxl=r l=Kqùfï frda.hg

m%;sfrdaë jk w;r udi ;=kyudrlska


fk<Sug udi 4'5 l ld, iSudjla .ekSu

ksid f.dùka w;r ckm%sh jQfha ke;' tfy;a"

uE; ld,fha y÷kajdÿka ,xld cïfnda rglcq

m%fNaoh udi ;=kyudrlska wiajkq fok w;r"

fylaghdrhg lsf,da.%Eï 2500 isg 4400 olajd

jeä wiajkq ,ndfok w;r úfoaYhkaf.ka

wdkhkh lrk cïfnda rglcq yd iudkj

b;d rie;s fõ' fujka kj m%fNao ksmoùu

i|yd jk m¾fhaIK lghq;= ;jÿrg;a

isÿlrñka mj;sk w;r" b;d l=vd" uOHu

m%udKfha" iy úYd, îc iys; hk ishÆu

îc m%udKhkaf.a kj;u m%fNao rdYshla"

wm wdh;kh úiska fï jk úg;a ksmojd

we;s w;r" tajd úúO lDIs foaY.=Ksl l,dm

hgf;a ;jÿrg;a wOHhkh lrñka

mj;S' b;d l=vd m%udKfha îc fpdfld,Ü

fnda, iE§ug fhdod.; yelsjk w;r b;d

úYd, îc cïfnda mSkÜ f,i fhdod .;yelsh'

fujka úúO îc mka;s .ek ie,ls,su;a

jqfha" ta ;=<ska Y%S ,xldfõ w.h tl;= l<

iy ieliq wdydr l¾udka;h i|yd jvd;a

fhda.H jk rglcq m%fNao ks¾udKh lsÍu;a" ta

;=<ska úfoaYhkaf.ka rglcq wdkhkh wvqlr"

tu uqo, rfÜ f.dú ck;djg myiqfjka

wdodhula f,i ,nd.ekSug yelsjk f,i;ah'

fï ksid jeä jeäfhka rglcq j.dlr rfÜ

wd¾:slhg iúhla fjuq'

wdpd¾h ã' Ô' iS' ÔjkSiyldr lDIsl¾u wOHCI ^m¾fhaIK&

f;,a fnda. wNsckk wxYh"

udI yd f;,a fnda. m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok

uOHia:dkh" wÕ=Kfld<me,eiai

wiajkq foa' fuu m%fNaoh o fylaghdrhg

lsf,da.%Eï 2500 isg 2800 olajd wiajkq ,ndfoa'

álsß m%fNaoh ;ïnd wdydrhg .ekSug

fhda.H jk w;r udi ;=kyudrlska wiajkq

,ndfoa' wm rgg jeämqru wdkhkh flfrkqfha

úYd, îc iys; rglcq j¾. fõ' fj<ofmdf,a

cïfnda mSkÜ f,i úúO fj<| kdu

hgf;a fuu j¾.fha ksIamdok mj;S' 1993

jif¾ y÷kajdÿka j,j kue;s rglcq m%fNaoh

úYd, îc iys; jqj;a" th wiajkq

| f.dúlï iÕrdj22

n;,f.dv ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok

wdh;kh iy thg wh;a wfkl=;a

m¾fhaIK uOHia:dkhkays msgqjd we;s

wNsckk wxY uÕska kj ù m%fNao ksmoùu yd

ksoyia lsÍfï ld¾hh isÿlrhs' YS% ,xldfõ

j¾:udk ù wiajekak fylaghdrhg fgdka

4'6 la muK fõ' by< wiajkq úNjhla

iys; úh<s yd w;rueÈ l,dm;a" wvq wiajkq

úNjhla we;s f;;a l,dmhkq;a fuu idudkH

wiajekak i|yd ksfhdackh ,ndfohs'

by< úNjhla iys; m%foaYj, kj ù

m%fNAo j.d lsÍu uÕska idudkH wiajekak

fylaghdrhg fuá%lafgdka 8 olajd jeä

lr.; yels nj jd¾;d ù we;' tf,iu

ù wNsckk ls%hdj,sh uÕska y÷kajdÿka

by< wiajkq iys; kj ù m%fNao

j.d lsÍu ;=<ska f.dú uy;=ka yg by<

wiajekakla ,nd.ekSug yelsù we;'

miq.sh oi jirl ld,h ;=<

fujeks by< wiajkq ,ndfok ù m%fNao

fndfyduhla ksoyia lr we;' At 308, Bg

366, Ld 365, Ld 408, Bw 367, Ld 368, Bg

369, Bg 370 jeks fuu m%fNao by< wiajkq


,nd§u fukau ÿUqre me< lSvE ydksh"

f.dla ueiaidf.a ydksh wd§ m<sfndaO iy

fld<mdΩ¿j" nelaàßhdkq fld< wx.udrh

jeks frda. iE§ug wod, ffcùh idOl

yd kshÕh" ,jK;djh" hlv úIùu jeks

wffcùh idOl j,g o Tfrd;a;=§fï

yelshdj iys;h'

;jo ù j.dfõ mqrela mkq ydksh"

fld< yl=,k o<Uq ydksh" fldmq wx.udrh

jeks wfkl=;a .egΩ¿ i|yd Tfrd;a;= fok

ù m%fNao ksmoùug wjYH lrk m%;sfrdë

m%Njhla fjkalr .ekSfï Ndr¥r ld¾hh

ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;khg wod<

lDIs úoHd{hska isÿlrkq ,nhs'

.;jQ ld,fha isÿ jQ foaY.=Ksl

úm¾hdihka f,dj mqrd lDIs úoaj;=kaf.a oeä

wjOdkhg ,laj we;'

foaY.=Ksl úm¾hdi fya;=fjka rfÜ

ù ksIamdokhg we;s úh yels iDKd;aul

n,mEu ms<sn|j lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=j

fukau ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kh

meyeÈ<sj wjfndaO lr.k isák w;r tu

;;a;ajhkag uqyqK§ug yd u.yrjd .ekSug

l%shdud¾. fïjk úg;a f.k we;' tkï"

1. kshÕhg yd WIaK;ajhg Tfrd;a;=fok

,laIK iys; udi 4 - 4½ jhia

ldKavfha m%fNao ksIamdokh'

2. kshÕh u.yeÍfï yelshdj we;s flá

ld,Sk ̂ udi 2½ jhia ldKavfha& ù m%fNao

ksIamdokh'

kqÿf¾§u fujeks ù m%fNao

f.dúuy;=kag ksoyia lsÍugo kshñ;j

mj;S'

wNHka;r yd uqyqÿnv fylaghdr

100"000 l muK l=Uqre bvï ,jK;djhg

,laù we;' th wm rfÜ ù j.dfõ ie<lsh hq;=

wiajkq wvqùulg fya;= fõ' fï fya;=fjka

ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kh

,jK;djhg Tfrd;a;= fok m%fNao ksmoùu

isÿlrf.k hkq ,efí' fï i|yd fï jkúg

ksmojd we;s ù m%fNao f,i Bg 310, At 354

oelaúh yelsh' tfukau bÈß ld,h ;=<

,jK;djhg Tfrd;a;= fok ù m%fNao /ila

ksoyia lsÍug we;'

| f.dúlï iÕrdj24

hlv úIùu o ù m¾fhaIK yd

ixj¾Ok wdh;kh wjOdkhg ,lajQ ;j;a

lreKls' miq.sh ld, jljdkq ;=< hlv

úI ùug Tfrd;a;= fok m%fNao lsysmhlao

Bw 363, Bw 364, Bw 367, Bw 372 ksoyia

lr we;s w;r ;j;a m%fNao lsysmhla kqÿf¾§u

fUdaUqj, ù m¾fhaIK ia:dkfhka ksoyia

lsÍug kshñ;h'

ìialÜ ksIamdokhg WÑ; At 309

kï ù m%fNaohla wïn,kaf;dg ù

m¾fhaIK ia:dkfhka ksmojd we;'

n;,f.dv ù m¾fhaIK uOHia:dkfhka

o ìialÜ ksIamdokhg WÑ; m%fNao w;ayod

n,ñka mj;S' ta i|yd o ìialÜ ksIamdolhska

jeä leue;a;la fmkakqï lrhs' wïn,kaf;dg

m%dfoaYSh m¾fhaIK wdh;kh uÕska ksmojQ

kSfrda.d f,i y÷kajk At 311 m%fNaoh wvq

.a,hsisñla w.hla iys; neúka Èhjeähd

frdA.skag jvd;a iqÿiqhs' fï jk úg fuu

m%fNaofha iy,a fj<|fmd, ;=< by< ñ,lg

wf<ú fõ'

lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=fõ Wmfoia

mßÈ n;,f.dv ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok

wdh;kfha mdxY= yd c, l<ukdlrK wxYh

uÕska FAO jHdmD;shla f,i wdOdr ,nk

mdxY= yd me<Eá mÍlaIdj i|yd meflachla

y÷kajd§ we;'

fuuÕska lafIa;%hkays fmdfydr

wjYH;djh mÍlaId l< yels w;r tuÕska

wkjYH jeämqr fmdfydr Ndú;h j<lajd

.ekSug yelsh' ridhksl fmdfydr Ndú;h

wju lsÍu ;=<ska mßir ys;ldó ù j.djla

we;s lsÍug fuh Woõ fõ'

ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kfha

YIH úoHd wxYh uÕska y÷kajdÿka merIqÜ

;eá l%uh rfÜ ck;dj w;r jvd;a m%p,s;j

we;'

ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kfha

mdxY= yd c, l<uKdlrk wxYh uÕska

y÷kajdÿka f*diamria fmdfydr merIqÜ


;eáhg fh§fï l%uh uÕska ù fnda.hg

wjYH TSP fmdfydr wjYH;djfhka

25] wvq lr.ekSug yelshdjla we;' ;jo

lkakhla yer lkakhla fmdiamria

fmdfydr fh§u uÕska wiajkq wvqùulska

f;drj ù j.dj isÿl< yels njo wkdjrKh

lr.k we;'

n;,f.dv ù m¾fhaIK yd

ixj¾Ok wdh;kh yd wïn,kaf;dg

m%dfoaYSh m¾fhaIK wdh;kh uÕska j,a

me<Eá iuÕ ;r. l< yels ù m%fNaohla

ksmoùfï l¾;jHhl fh§ isák w;r th

j,a kdYl Ndú;h wju lsÍu;a lïlre

ysÕhg úi÷ula f,i;a fhdod .; yelsh'

wïn,kaf;dg m%dfoaYSh m¾fhaIK

uOHia:dkh u.ska y÷kajdÿka c,hg ù

biSfï l%ufõoh j,a me< md,khg ukd

úi÷uls'

ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok

wdh;kh uÕska frda." m<sfndaO yd j,a

me< md,khg mßir ys;ldó lDIs ridhk

øjH w;ayod ne,su wLKavj isÿlrkq ,nhs'

lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=jg wh;a ù

m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kh ù fnda.h

yd N+ñ M,odhS;djh by< kxjñka mßir

ys;ldó ,dNodhs ;sridr ù j.d moaO;shla

rg ;=< we;s lsÍfï Wodr;r wruqK Wfoid

lemù isà'


wdpd¾h ã' tï' fÊ' î' fiakdkdhlwOHlaI

ù m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;khn;,f.dv" bínd.uqj

| f.dúlï iÕrdj26

Y%S ,xldfjka 1$3 l úYd,;ajhlg

^22072 km2& Wreulï lshk" thskq;a wvla

muK ldka;dr f,i mj;sk BY%dh,h ms<sn|

;uhs fï l:dj'

b;d by< wd¾Ól fukau hqOuh

Yla;shla mj;sk ixj¾ê; rgla jk

BY%dh,h ksoyia rgla njg m;ajkafka 1948

j¾Ifha§' tod boka wo olajdu hqoaO

.Kkdjlg uqyqK foñka mqrd meh 24u

wjg hqO ;¾ck j,g iQodkïj isák rgla

;uhs BY%dh,h' .did ;Srh" tkï m,ia;Skh

fjkajk m%foaYfha fjä y`vla fkdue;s

Èkhla ke;s ;rï' kuq;a mqÿuh kï rg

ia:djrhs" iY%Slhs" ixj¾ê;hs'

BY%dh,h lshkafka f,dalfha m%Odku

m,;=re yd t<j¿ wmkhkh lrk rgla'

wê;dlaIKsl lDIsl¾ufha f,dal kshuqfjla'

rfÜ o< cd;sl ksIamdokfhka 2'5] la

lDIsl¾uhg ysñlï lshkjd' ta jf.au

wmkhk wdodhfuka 3'6] la lDIsl¾uhg

ysñlï lshkjd' jvd;a wdYap¾hu;a foh

kï Y%u n,ldfhka 3'7] la muKhs

lDIsl¾uhg odhl fjkafka' ta jf.au rfÜ

wdydr wjYH;djfhka 95] lau fï 3'7] l

Y%u n,ldh úiska iïmQ¾K lrkjd'


BY%dh,h ìysjkafka úúO

ye,yemamSï .Kkdjla ueoafoka' 1948

fjkfldg Tjqka j.d lrkafka wlalr

74"000 la ^fylaghdr 30"000& tal Tjqka

úYd, lrf.k ;sfhkjd wlalr 460"000

la ^fylaghdr 190"000& olajd' fï iuÕu

Tjqkaf.a lDIsl¾u ksIamdok by< hkafka 16

.=Khlska' f,dalfha fjk;a rgj, f.dúìï

ldka;dr njg m;afjkfldg BY%dh,h

ldka;dr f.dúìï njg m;a lrkjd'

we;af;kau Tjqka ldka;dr wdl%uKh lrkjd

lsõfjd;a th ksjeroshs'

BY%dh,hg ;sfhk m%Odku m%Yakh

;uhs j;=r' rggu ;sfhkafka m%Odk c,dY

lsysmhla muKhs' tal;a fmdaIKh fjkafka

fcda¾odka kosfhka tk c,fhka' ^fcda¾odkh

iuÕ yjqf, ;uhs ta j;=r ál;a fnod.kak

fj,d ;sfhkafka&

óg jir lsysmhlg l,ska ug

wjia:djla ,enqKd BY%dh,hg hkak' ta

fj,dfõ ,xldfõ lDIsl¾uh" j¾Idm;kh

wdosh iïnkaOj bosßm;a lsÍula lrkfldg

Tjqkaf.a m%Odk m%Yakh jqfka fuÉpr

j¾Idm;khla" c,dY" .x.d ;sfhk rfÜ

úh<s l,dm" Y=Ial l,dm ;sfhkafka

fldfyduo lshk tl'

2006 fjkfldg lDIsld¾ñl

ksIamdok j,ska 35] la t<j¿" 20] la m,;=re

^fodvï j¾. fkdue;sj&" 10] la fodvï

j¾." 17] la fjk;a f,i fnoS hkjd'

1999 b|ka 2009 fjkfldg

lDIs ksIamdokh 26] la by< kexùug

iu;ajk BY%d,fha wdYap¾h jkafka lDIs

ksIamdokh tfia by< hoa§ f.dùka

ixLHdj 23"500 isg 17"000 la olajd

wvq ùuhs' B<Õ wdYap¾hh jkafka fuu

26] la ksIamdokh by< hk w;f¾

Tjqkaf.a c, mßfNdackh;a 12] lska wvq

ùuhs'

wju c, Ndú;h

| f.dúlï iÕrdj28

BY%dh,fha lDIsl¾uh mdol jkafka

m%Odk jYfhka f.dú ckmo f,i isÿlrk

úisjk Y;j¾Ifha y÷kajdÿka l%uhlghs'

Kibbutz yd Mashav f,i wdldr follg

ixúOdk .;l< f.dú ckmo foj¾.hla

;sfnkjd'

Kibbutz fuu ckmoj, ixúOdk;aul f,i

f.dú;eka lrkjd' ish¨ fokd

jevlrkafka fmdÿ ixúOdkhla msysgqjdf.k'

fï jf.a ixúOdk .Kkdjla ;sfnkjd'

Mashav fudjqka ;ks ;ks ksIamdolhska' kuq;a

ñ,oS .ekSï yd úlsKSï j,oS ixúOdk

fj,hs ta foaj,a lrkafka'

j¾;udkh jk úg;a rfÜ lDIs

ksIamdokfhka 76] lg odhl jkafka fuu

Kibbutz yd Mashav .ïudkhs'

Y=Ial mßirhlg Wreulï lshk

BY%dh,h úúO jQ fNda. j¾. rdYshla

ksIamdokh lrkjd'

m%Odk jYfhka

» ;sßÕ=

» fida.ï

» nvbßÕ= ^Corn&

» meKs bßÕ= ^Sweet corn&

» lsú" fmar" uex.=ia" ñÈ" ;lald,s"

msms[a[d" fn,a fmm¾" iqlsks" fu,ka

j¾.

» flfi,a" wem,a" fmhd¾ia" mSÉ" fpß"

lmq (Cotton)

wju c, Ndú;h


lsß ksIamdokh i,lk úg f,dalfha

by<u lsß m%udKhla ,ndfok t<fokqka

bkafka BY%dh,fha'

idudkH jd¾Isl lsß ksIamdokh tl

t<fofkl=f.a ,Sgr 10"000 la muK fjkjd'

t¿ lsß" neg¿ lsß wmkhkh jf.au ñ,

wêl Öia j¾.;a Tjqka ksmojkjd'

ldnksl lDIsl¾uh

BY%dh,fha uq¨ lDIs ksIamdok j,ska

1'5] la ysñjkafka ldnksl ksIamdok j,g'

kuq;a tu m%udKh rfÜ wmkhk lDIs

ksIamdok j,ska 13] lg Wreulï lshkjd'

ó ueis md,kh

ó ueis ksIamdokhkag ysñ jkafka

by< ia:dkhla udi 6 lg jrla Tjqka

meKs wiajkq fk,kjd' ta jf.au úúO jQ

rihkaf.ka hqla; ó meKs ksIamdokhla

mSÉ m¾fhaIK f.dúm,la

idïm%odhsl t¿ lsß Öia ksIamdokh

| f.dúlï iÕrdj30

wmg ndysßka fmfkk l¾lI

fukau wdrdìlrhgu pkaälï lrk fï

mqxÑ BY%dh,fha ;sfnk iqkaor lDIsl¾ufhka

ì|la ;uhs fï úoshg bosßm;a lr,d

;sfhkafka'

ud i¾fjdaoh wdh;kfha fiajh

lrk w;r;=r ;uhs fï BY%dh, ixpdrhg

tlajkak wjia:dj ,enqfka' b;ska fï ,smsh

,shkak wjYH oekqu ug ,nd .kak mq¿jka

jqfka ta ixpdrh ksihs' by; ,smsfha

f.!rjh i¾fjdaoh wdh;khg mqo lrkafka

yomsß ikaf;daIfhka'

BY%dh,a lDIsl¾udka;h .ek f;dr;=re f.k tkafka"

tÉ' fÊ' fla' lS¾;sr;akiyldr lDIsl¾u wOHCI ^lDIs m%ldYk&

lDIs m%ldYk tallh" .kafkdarej

fuys isÿfjkjd' fuu ckmo Tjqka ia:dk.;

lrk ;ek wkqjhs fïl isoaO fjkafka' wem,a

j;= j, u,a ld,fha ia:dk.; lrk ckmo

j,ska tl rihla" fodvï j.dj, ia:dk.;

lrk ckmo j,ska ;j rihla" ños j;=j,

ia:dk.; lrk ckmoj,ska ;j rihla'

fukak fï wdldrhghs fïl fjkafka' m,;=re

f.dùkag f.ùï lr,d ixpdrl wdldrhg

ckmo msysgqjk ó ueis ksIamdolhska jf.au"

ó meKs ksIamdolhskag f.ùï lr,d ;u

j.dj mrd.kh lr .kakd m,;=re f.dùkq;a

bkakjd' ó meKs j,ska ksmojk ksIamdok

j,g;a ysñjkafka by< ia:dkhla'

ó meKs wdY%s; ksIamdok wka;¾.; wf,úie,la


n; nq,;ska wfma rg lrkg idr

rfÜ oshqKqjg jákd fufyjr Ndr

lem jqk rfÜ oshqKqj iokg mdr

fy< f.dú rcqg fuu lú u,a Wm ydr

wõ jeis fjfyi ? oyj,a fkd;lkafka

rx oy ìkaÿ fmdf<djg uqiq lrjkafka

oefha l=i.sks ksjk f,i ks;s fjfyfikafka

f.dúhd ke;s l,g uq¿ rg nv.skafka

iqmqreÿ ú,i ysñosfha msìfokafka

lïue,s .;sh ke; lsis úg y÷kkafka

f.dúm, fj;g f.dia ish jev wrUkafka

f.dúhd rg oefhys bgq foúhd fjkafka

w;aj, ieÿk lr.eg Èiajk l,g

n;aj, w.h mjihs Tfí Wo¨ñg

.;al, f.dúhd uv ál fidaod f.dvg

m;al< yelsh isyiqk u; rclug

Tfn oyäh uqiqjq fkdhsÿ,a iy,a ál

lsßms`vq f,i msfohs nqÿysñ bosß msg

w;afjk W;=ï msx M, n,fhka Tng

m;afõ túhska u;= fof,dju hym;g

fmr isg iefjdu ms<s.;a lshukla we;

f.dúlu rfÜ rclug;a fofjks ke;

rfÜ oshqKqjg ieu fokf.u fhdud is;

f.dúh;a - f.dú;ek;a /l.; hq;=j we;

fy< f.dú rcqks ksjkd oefh l=i .skak

lrkd fiajhg ;=;su,a ñg fukak

l=i.sks ksù rggu lsß b;sfrkak

ieu foúÿfka fy<f.dú rcq /lfokak

f.dúlï iÕrdj rij;a lf<a"

tÉ' ta' fykaøsla" 26$24 ta" l=uqÿ.u" ovhï;,dj" wïmdr

is;=ju ( mS' wIdka biqrx. fmf¾rd" n$ je,suv uOH úoHd,h ^2012$ 2013&


| f.dúlï iÕrdj32

mDÓúfha yd csúkaf.a meje;au i|yd iQ¾hhd

fukau pkaøhdf.a .uk o b;d jeo.;a

ld¾hhla isÿlrhs' Ydl iQ¾hdf,dalh ksid

wdydr ksIamdokh isÿlrhs' iQ¾hdf,dalfhka

f;drj ñysmsg Ôjhla ke;s ;rïh' pkaøhd

o mDÓúfha foaY.=Ksl yd ld<.=Ksl

;;a;ajhka we;s lsÍug odhl fõ' fïksid

w;S;fha isgu ñksid iQ¾hhd iy pkaøhd

foaj;ajfhka ie,l+ nj olakg ,efì'

ñksid uq,a hq.fha wdydr imhd f.k

we;af;a iajNdúlj jkdka;rfha we;s .iaje,a

j, jQ M,odj wdydrhg .ekSfuks' tf,i wdydr

imhd .ekSu ÿIalr jQ l, cSj;ajk wjg"

wdydrhg .;yels Ydl j¾. isgqjd thska

wiajekak fk<d.ekSu isÿlrk ,os' thska

f.dú;ek wdrïN úh'

fuu f.dú;eka wêl j¾Idjg yd

kshÕhkag l,ska l,g ,laù" úkdY úh'

tkï ld,.=Ksl fjkiaùï j,g j.djkag

,laùug isÿúh' fuu ld,.=Ksl fjkiaùï

kshñ; ld, mr;rhla ;=< isÿjk nj;a ld,

mr;rh we;s lsÍug" oji wdrïN lrk

iQ¾hhdf.a .uk n,mdk nj;a fidhd .kakd

,§' ;jo fuu ld,.=Ksl fjkiaùï m%n, yd

ÿn, lsÍug pkaøhdf.a .uk n,mdk nj fidhd

.kakd ,oS'

fuf,i iQ¾hhdf.a .uk ^mDÓúh

iQ¾hhd jgd hEu& mokï lrf.k iQ¾h udi

l%uh;a pkaøhdf.a .uk yd Èiajk m%udKh

mokï lrf.k pkaø udi l%uh;a w;S;fha

ñksid úiska ks¾udKh lrf.k we;' th

fcHda;sIfha wdrïNhhs' tkï fcHda;sIfha

wdrïNhg f.dú;ek uQ,sl ù we;'

mDÓúh iQ¾hhd jfÜ mrsN%uKh úfï§

tla tla iQ¾h udi ^´keu udihl 15 jk osk

isg B<Õ udifha 14 jk osk olajd ld,h& j,oS

mDÓúhg ,efnk iQ¾h riañh yd wfkl=;a iQ¾h

Yla;Ska tla tla iQ¾h udi wkqj úúOdldr f,i

fjkia fõ'


tfiau pkaøhdf.a mD:súh jgd .uk

yd mDÓúfha jQ wxYl 23 ½ wdk;sh o iQ¾h

j¾Ihla ;=< fjkiaùu o tlaj .;al,

fuh moaO;shla f,i mokï lrf.k tla

iQ¾h j¾Ihlg ^´kEu j¾Ihl wfma%,a 15

osk isg B<Õ j¾Ifha wfma%,a 14 osk ola-

jd ld,h& tkï mDÓúh iq¾hhd jgd tla

jrla .uka lsÍug .;jk ld,h ^wjqreoaola&

;=< mDÓúh úúO ld,.=Ksl úm¾hdihka

j,g ,laùu kshñ; rgdjlg iQ¾h

j¾Ihla ;=< isÿúug ilia ù we;' tkï ksYaÑ;

rgdjlg ld,.=Ksl fjkiaùï wjqreoaola ;=<

isÿúug ilia ù we;'

kuq;a fi!r.%y uKav,fha jQ wfkl=;a

.%yhskaf.a .uk iQ¾h j¾Ihla ;=< iQ¾hhd

jgd taldldrj iïmq¾K fkdlrk ksid iy úúO

ÿrska tu .%yhskaf.a msysàu ksid tu .%yhskaf.a

úúO Yla;Skaf.a n,mEu mDÓúfha ld,.=Ksl

fjkia ùu kshñ; rgdjlg iQ¾h j¾Ihka ;=<

isÿ fkdùug fya;=ù we;'

fuf,i iQ¾h j¾Ihla ;=< jQ iQ¾h

udij,§ isÿjk ld,.=Ksl fjkiaùï wkqj

úúO j.djkag jk n,mEu ms<sn|j" fcHda;sI

úoHd;aul isoaOdka; wkqj fndfyda ÿrg lsj

yelsh' ;jo ta f,i fjkiajk ld,.=Ksl

fjkiaùï fya;=fjka mrsirfha jQ úúO lDñ

i;=kaf.a .ykhkaf.a j¾Okh i|yd jQ

ys;lr yd wys;lr idOlhka o fjkia fõ'

fuu ld,.=Ksl fjkiaùï ksid j.djkaj,

lDñ i;=kaf.aa .ykh wêl ùu md,kh l<

fkdyels ;;a;ajhg m;aù lDñ i;=ka jix.;hla

njg m;a jQ wjia:djka fndfyda h'

j¾;udkh jk úg f.dú;ek lDIs

l¾udka;hla njg m;a ù we;' fïksid jeä

,dN bmehSug;a jeä wiajekakla flá ld,hlska

,nd.ekSug;a isÿù we;' fï ksid j.djkaj,

we;s jk lDñ" jki;a;aj yd wfkl=;a frda.S

;;a;ajhka u; j.dydks W.% ù we;s w;r thska

mdvq ú£ug o isÿ ù we;'

tfukau ;rÕldrs jQ

lDIsl¾udka;fha§ úúO fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka;

j,g wkqj lghq;= lsrsug ,efnk wjia:d wju

ù we;' tfia tu isoaOdka; ms<sn| f.dúkaf.a

oekqu wvq njo Bg fya;= ù we;' kuq;a

fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka; Ndú;fha hym;a m%;sM,

m%dfhda.slj ,nd.;a f.dúuy;=ka ;ud okakd

;rñka fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka; lDIsl¾udka;h

i|yd Ndú;d lrñka id¾:l m%;sM, ,nk nj

fndfyda fokd okakd lreKls' tuksid fuu

,sms fm<ska ud f.dú;ekg Ndú;d l< yels

ksjeros fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka; lsysmhla ir,j

bosßm;a lsÍug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjñ' tajd my;

wdldrfhka oelaúh yelsh' tajd kï"

» oji

» rdyq ld,h

» pkaø udih ^pkaøhdf.a .uk$ ;s;sh&

» iQ¾h udih

» iqn osidj

» iqn fydardj

» iqn kel; ^iqn uqyq¾;h&

» ,.akh

» úúO kel;a wkqj ,efnk m%;sM,

» we;=<; kel;a yd msg; kel;a wkqj ,efnk

m%;sM, wdoshhs

| f.dúlï iÕrdj34

by; i|yka lr we;s úúO

fcHda;sIHh lreKq w;rska pkaø udih ̂pkaøhdf.a

.uk$ ;s;sh& yd tys Ndú;h b;d jeo.;a f,i

lDIsl¾udka;hg ^j.djkag& n,mdk fyhska

m<uqj bÈßm;a flf¾'

pkaø udih

iQ¾h udihl oskhla wms ojila

f,i y÷kajuqq' thg meh 24 ls' pkaøhd" mDÓúh

jgd tla jrla .uka lsÍug .;lrk ld,h

pkaø udih f,i ye|skafõ' thg iQ¾h udi osk

28la .; fõ' fuu .ufka§ pkaøhd fmfkk

m%udKh wkqj fldgia 15 lg fnod we;' tu

tla fldgila tla pkaø udi oskhla fõ' thg

idudkHfhka meh 22 hs" ñks;a;= 24 la .;fõ'

kuq;a pkaø udi oskhla f,i Ndú;d fkdfõ' th

;s;sh f,i ye¢kafõ' pkaø udihla i|yd ;s;s

30la we;'

pkaøhdf.a fmfkk m%udKh

jeäjk ld,h mqr ld,h ^mqr mlaIh& f,i o

pkaøhdf.a fmfkk m%udKh wvqjk ld,h wj

ld,h ^wj mlaIh& f,i o ye|skafõ' pkaøhd

iïmQ¾Kj oel.; yels ;s;sh mqr mif<diajl

f,i o pkaøhd iïmq¾Kfhkau fkdfmfkk

;s;sh wudjl f,i o ye|skafõ' fuu ;s;Ska

fol w;r ld,h pkaø udifha w¾Ohla thg

;s;Ska 15 la we;'

wudjl miq osk isg mqr mif<diajl

osk olajd mqr mlaIh f,i o mqr mif<diajl

miq osk isg wudjl olajd ld,h wj mlaIh

f,i o ye|skafõ' fuu mqr mlaIfha ;s;Ska

mqr;s;Ska f,i o wj mlaIfha ;s;Ska wj;s;Ska

f,i o ye|skafõ' tkï mqr yd wj ;s;s 15 la

ne.ska we;'

fuu mqr yd wj pkaø udifha ;s;Skaa

i|yd hï fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka;hlg wkqj

i;=kaf.a kï fhdod .ksñka hï l%udkql+,

rgdjlg kdulrKhla ^kï ;eìula& isÿlr

we;' fuu rgdfõ mj;sk ld,hka ;=<

j.djka wdrïN lsrsu ^ìc ;jdka oeóu$ ìc

isgqùu$ jemsÍu$ me< isgqùu& uÕska tu j.djkag

úúO i;=kaf.ka jk ydks wju lsÍu ms<sn|j

i;H isoaOdka;hla w;S;fha f.dùka w;r mej;

we;' th f.dúlrK f,i ye¢kafõ' my; j.=

uÕska th myiqfjka f;areï .; yelsh'

pkaø udi l%uh wkqj lDIsl¾uh i|yd

Ndú;d lrk f.dúlrK

mqrmqr mlaIh

^mqr ;s;sh&f.dú lrKh

1 mqr mE,úh isxy lrKh

2 mqr Èhjl W!re lrKh

3 mqr ;shjl .c lrKh

4 mqr c,jl l=l=¿ lrKh

5 mqr úfiaksh osú lrKh

6 mqr iegjl t¨ lrKh

7 mqr i;jl .j lrKh

8 mqr wgjl isxy lrKh

9 mqr kjjl W!re lrKh

10 mqr oijl .c lrKh

11 mqr tlf<diajl l=l=¿ lrKh

12 mqr fodf<diajl Èú lrKh

13 mqr f;f<iajl t¨ lrKh

14 mqr ;=ÿiajl .j lrKh

15 mqr mif<diajl isxy lrKh


by; j.=fõ mqr ;s;sh ^mqr mlaIh&

yd wj ;s;sh ^wj mlaIh& ,nk yd wjikajk

^f.fjk& fõ,dj meyeos,sj ì;a;s ,s;" f.dú

,s;" wEmd mxpdx. ,s;" Ys% ,xld .%yiamqgl ,s;

wd§ ,s;a Ndú;fhka myiqfjka fidhd.; yelsh'

hï oskl hï ;s;shla wdrïNjk yd wjikajk

fõ,djgu wod< f.dúlrKh o wdrïNh yd

wjikaùu isÿfõ' fuksid myiqfjka f.dúlrKh

wdrïNh yd wjikaùu by; ,s;la ne,sfuka

fidhd .; yelsh'

fuu f.dúlrK j¾;udkfha o f.dúka

iq¨ msrsila úiska Ndú;d lrñka j.dydks wjuj

jeä wiajkq ,nd.;a w;aoelsï fnfyduhl

oekqu ud i;=j we;' my; j.=j u.ska tu

f.dúlrK lDIsl¾udka;h i|yd Ndú;d lrk

wdldrh fmkajd Èh yelsh'

fuu f.dúlrK úúO

fmd;am;aj, úúO fjkialï

iys;j uqøKh ù ;snqKo ud

fuys i|yka lrk f.dúlrK

ms<sfj< ksjeros fukau

merKs fmd;m;ska ksjerosj

fidhd.;a tajd jk w;r"

ta wkqj ud yd f.dú

uy;=ka w;ayod n,d

id¾:l m%;sM, ,ndf.k

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1 wj mE,úh W!re lrKh

2 wj Èhjl .c lrKh

3 wj ;shjl l=l=¿ lrKh

4 wj c,jl Èú lrKh

5 wj úfiaksh t¨ lrKh

6 wj iegjl .j lrKh

7 wj i;jl isxy lrKh

8 wj wgjl W!re lrKh

9 wj kjjl .c lrKh

10 wj oijl l=l=¿ lrKh

11 wj tlf<diajl Èú lrKh

12 wj fodf<diajl t¨ lrKh

13 wj f;f<iajl .j lrKh

14 wj ;=ÿiajl isxy lrKh

15 wudjl W!re lrKh

| f.dúlï iÕrdj36

j.djg Ndú;d

lrk f.dú lrKh

j.djg ydks

lsÍug jeämqr

yels i;=ka

tu j.djka wdrlaId jk$ wdrlaId fkdjk fjk;aa i;=ka

j.dfõ wiajekakg n,meu

tu f.dú lrKfhka j.d lsÍfuka ,efnk fjk;a m%;s,dN

1isxy

lrKhke;

isõmd i;=ka f.ka wdrlaId

jk w;r lDñ i;=kaf.a ydks

o wju fõ' tfiau ishü

l=re,a,kf.a ydksh wju fõ'

weig fkdfmfkk Ôúka

^laIqø Ôúka& o md,kh

lsÍug myiq fõ'

úfYaIfhka jmqrk ìc

j¾. j,ska by<

wiajekakla ,efí'

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wiajekak Wmßu ,eîu'

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i;=kaf.ka j.djg ydks fõ'

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wêlj m<sfndaOkdYl

fh§ug isÿúu'

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W!rkaf.ka j.djg ydksùug

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j.djg ydksùug bv we;'

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l=l=,ka"

je,s

l=l=,ka

úfYaIfhka ish¨ l=re,a,kaf.a

wêl ydksh yd weig

fkdfmfkk Ôúkaf.aa

^laIqø Ôúka& frda. meñfKa'

úfYaIfhka jmqrk

îc j¾. i|yd

l=re,a,kaf.a ydksh

wêl ù wiajekak

wvq fõ'

l=l=¿ md,khg wjYH wdydr f,i

OdkH j.dj i|yd iqqÿiqh' m,;=re

jeks úYd, M, iys; j.dj,g

n,meï fkdlrk w;r ls;=,a$

fmd,a meKs ksIamdokh jeäùug

fuu lrKh iys; ld,h

Ndú;h iqÿiqhs'

5Èú

lrKhke;

isõmd i;=ka f.ka wdrlaId

jk w;r lDñ i;=kaf.a ydks

o wju fõ' tfiau ishü

l=re,a,kf.a ydksh wju fõ'

weig fkdfmfkk Ôúka

^laIqø Ôúka& o md,kh lsÍug

myiq fõ'

by< wiajekak

úfYaIfhka jmqrk

ìc j¾. i|yd

l=re,a,kaf.a ydksh

wjuù wiajekak

jeäfõ'

ishü j.d ydks wjuj yd

wiajekak Wmßu ,eîu'

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t¨jka"

isõmd

i;=ka

isõmd i;=kaf.a ydksh yd lDñ

i;=ka ydks o wêl fõ' tfiau

ish¨ l=re,a,ka yd weig

fkdfmfkk Ôúka


wmyiq fõ'

wiajekak wvqúu fyda

ydks md,kh ioyd

wêlj úhoï lsÍug

isÿùu'

úfYaIfhka i;aj md,khg wjYH

wdydr ksIamdokhg wjYH úúO

j.djka i|yd iqÿiqh'

7.j

lrKh

.jhska"

isõmd

i;=ka

isõmd i;=kaf.a ydksh yd lDñ

i;=ka ydks o wêl fõ' tfiau

ish¨ l=re,a,ka yd weig

fkdfmfkk Ôúka


wmyiq fõ'

wiajekak wvqúu" ydks

md,kh i|yd wêlj

úhoï lsÍug isÿúu'

úfYaIfhka i;a;aj md,khg

wjYH wdydr ksIamdokhg úúO

;DK j.djka i|yd b;d iqqÿiqh'

kuq;a .jhska" isõmd i;=ka f.ka

j.djg ydksùug bv we;'


f;dr;=re tla lrkafka"

fla' ã' fla' hq' Èidkdhl

lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl

fiajd ixialrK wNHdi wdh;kh" .kafkdarej

ÿrl:k wxlh ( 071 1197019

fï wdldrfhka w;S;fha f.dúlrK

l%ufha oelafjkafka úúO jQ weig fkdfmfkk

cSúkaf.a ^laIqø Ôúkaf.a& isg j.djkag ydkslrk

úYd,u Ôúhd ^i;=ka& olajd jQ j.dfõ meje;aug

ydks lsrsu iïnkaO lreKq h'

f.dúlrK;a wfkl=;a fcHda;sIHh

isoaOdka; o Ndú;d lsÍfuka j.djl wiajekak 100]

i;=kaf.ka ydks fkdùu wfmaCId fkdflf¾' úúO

i;=ka mrsirfha Ôj;aúh hq;=h' tfiau mrsirfha

jQ wdydr Tjqka wdydrhg .; hq;=h' Tjqkao

mrsir moaO;sfhau fldgils' j.djl wd¾:sl

ydksodhl uÜgug <Õdùug fmr iajNdúlju

j.djka i;=kaf.ka wdrlaIdùu fuuÕska

n,dfmdfrd;a;= fõ' tkï j.djg jk ydksh b;d

wju fõ'

úúO i;=ka mrsirfhka j|ù hEu ksid

mdrsirsl yd ffcj úoHd;aul m%Yak fndfyda

we;slrhs' tuksid ish¨ i;=ka mrsirhg oersh

yels uÜgñka isàu mrsirfha ;=<s;;ajhg ukdj

bjy,a fõ' wm fuu l%u uÕska isÿ lrkafka

j.djkag jk ydksh wjuj yd mrsirh ;=<s;j

mj;ajd .ekSu muKs'

fuu fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka; l%u

ksjerosj Ndú;fhka j.djka i;=kaf.ka

jix.;hla f,i úkdYúu isÿfkdfõ' f.dúlrK

l%uh muKla fkdj wfkl=;a fcHda;sIHh

isoaOdka; o yels muK fhdod.;a úg jvd

id¾:lj j.djlska wiajekak ,nd.; yelsh'

tf,iu j.djl meje;aug yd wiajekakg

n,mdk mdrsirsl" foaY.=Ksl" fN!;sl idOl

yd f.dúhdf.a j.d l<ukdlrK yelshdj

^ìï ielisu" c,iïmdokh" j,a md,kh yd

fmdfydr Ndú;h& ms<sn|j f.dúlrK l%uh

;=<ska lreKq bosrsm;a fkdfõ' kuq;a tu idOl

o j.djl .=Kd;aufhka by< wiajekakla i|yd

b;d jeo.;ah' tu idOlj, fjkiaùu ms<sn|j o

by; i|yka l< úúO fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka;hkag

wkqj lreKq oelaúh yelsh'

;jo fujeks fcHda;sIHh isoaOdka;hkao

iuÕ kùk lDIs ;dlaIKh tlafldg Ndú;fhka

,efnk m%;sM, b;d id¾:l nj fuu l%u

Ndú;d lrk f.dúuy;=ka yd ta ms<sn|j

m%fhda.slj oekqu we;s fndfyda wh f;areï f.k

we;' fuf,i lDIsl¾udka;hg wod< fcHda;sIHh

isoaOdka;j, o úYd, m%udKhl úIh lreKq

wvx.= neúka tu lreKq ms<sn|j ir,j bosrs

,sms uÕska bosrsm;a lsrsug n,dfmdfrd;a;= fjñ'

| f.dúlï iÕrdj38

miq.sh uylkakfha nvbßÕ= j.djg oeä

n,mEï t,a, l< fiakd o<Uqjd tu lkakh

mqrdjgu mqj;a msg mqj;a ueùh' kuq;a

nvbßÕ= j.dj wjikaùu;a iuÕ tu mqj;a

ueùu iïmQ¾Kfhkau k;rúh' tfy;a oeka

kej;;a fiakd o<Uqjdf.a n,mEula t,a,úh

yelsoehs ielhla mj;S'

nv bßÕ= j.dfõ wiajkq fk,d wjika

ùu;a iuÕ fiakd o<Uqjd ms<sn| jQ lÓldj;

l%ufhka wvqùf.k hoaoS nvbßÕ= j.djg

wu;rj tu o<Uqjdg cSj;a úh yels wm

wjg mßirfha we;s fjk;a Ydl ms<sn|j

wjOdkh fhduq lrk ,oS'

fiakd o<Uqjdg wdydruh úh yels

yd cSjk pl%h iïmQ¾K lsÍug WmldÍ jk

fjk;a foaYSh Odrl Ydl ms<sn|j oek

y÷kd.ekSug fiakd o<Uqjd md,kh lsÍu

yd me;sÍu je<lSug fnfyúka WmldÍ fõ'

uE;loS WoHdk fnda. m¾fhaIK

yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kh uÕska t<j¿ j¾.

lsysmhla yd j,a me<Eá fhdodf.k lrk

,o m¾fhaIK j, m%;sm,hla f,i fiakd

o<Uqjdg wdydruh úh yels yd cSjk

pl%h iïmQ¾K l< yels t<j¿ j¾.

lsysmhla yd foaYSh j,a me<Eá lsysmhla

fidhd .kakd ,oS'

tu t<j¿ j¾. w;rg f.dajd

yd rdnq wh;ajk kuq;a fiakd o<Uqjd tu

t<j¿ j¾. j,g jvd nvbßÕ= j,g

m%sh;djhla olajk nj tu Ydlj, m;% ld

oud we;s m%udKj,ska ksÍlaIKh úh' fiakd

o<Uqjd ;lald,s f.ä j, rjqï isÿre idod

wdydrhg .ksñka ydks l,o lSg wjêfhaoSu

ñh .sh nj ksÍlaIKh úh'

tfukau f.dajd" rdnq jeks t<j¿

j¾. u; hemS fuu o<Uqjdg cSjk pl%h

iïmQ¾K lr.; yels jqjo ksrka;rfhka

j.dj mÍlaId lsÍu ;=<ska tu ydksh wju

lr.; yelshs'

fiakd o<Uqjdg wdydruh úh yels

yd Ôjk pl%h iïmQ¾K l< yels foaYSh

j,a me< jkafka ne,;K (Eleusine indica),

osh;K (Brachearia mutica), l=l=,a

wegjrd (Cynodon dactyion) yd ùÿre j,a

(Digitaria cillians) h'

l+vq ;=< ;nk ,o nvbßÕ= Ydl yd

j,a me< ;=< fiakd o<Uqjd we;s lsÍfïoS

by; j,ame<Eá wdydrhg .ekSu isÿl<

kuq;a tysoS fiakd o<Uqjd jvd;a leue;a;la


olajkafka nvbßÕ= Ydl j,g nj thg

wdld¾Ykh jQ o<Uqjka ixLHdfjka

;yjqre úh' ;jo j,ame< j,g yd

nvbßÕ= j,g fiakd o<Uqjdf.a i,nhska

uqod yeÍ úgoS ì;a;r le|,s jeä ixLHdjla

;ekam;a lr ;snqfKa nvbßÕ= j,hs'

Bg wu;rj .sKs;K (Panicam

maximum) Ydl u;o ì;a;r leo<s lsysmhla

;ekam;a lr ;snqKs' tfukau nvbßÕ=

fkdue;s wjia:dfõoS o i,nhska uqod yeÍ

úgoS .sKs;K Ydl u; o ì;a;r leo,s

;ekam;a lr ;snqKs' ;jo .sKs ;Kfld< Ydl

u; ì;a;r ;ekam;a l< o" hï m%udKhlg

.sKs;K Ydl wdydrhg .;a; o fndfyda

lSg wjia:d urKhg m;aùu ksÍlaIKh úh'

j,ame< j,g fiakd o<Uqjd isÿl<

ydksfha ,laIK nvbßÕ= Ydlfha ydksfha

,laIK j,g fnfyúka iudk jqKs' jevqKq

lSg wjia:d nvbßÕ= Ydlfha fukau f.dn

;=< ieÕù isákq olakg ,enqKs'

fiakd o<Uqjdg wdydruh úhyels

neúka yd fuu me<Eá j¾. iEu m%foaYhlu

nyq,ju olakg ,efnk neúka nvbßÕ=

fkdue;s wjia:dj, mjd fiakd o<Uqjdg

Wmøjhlska f;drj cSjk pl%h iïmQ¾K

lr .ekSug WmldÍjk nj ñka fmkS hhs'

tu ksid fiakd o<Uqjka md,kfhaoS

jir mqrdu fiakd o<Uqjdg úfYaIs;

fmrfudak W.=,a fhdod tu iqyqUq,a i;=ka

isàoehs ksÍlaIKh lsÍu;a yels;rï W.=,a

;=<g yiqlr úkdY lsÍu;a isÿ l< hq;=hs'

tfukau oekgu;a lDñkdYl fkdfhÿ

nvbßÕ= j.djkaj, fiakd o<Uqjdf.a ì;a;r

yd lSg mrfmdaISka iy úf,damslhska j¾.

lsysmhla yd jHdê ckl os,Sr j¾.hla

fidhdf.k we;' tuksid nvbßÕ= j.djka

lafIa;%fha mj;sk wjia:dj,oS fukau nvbßÕ=

fkdue;s wjia:dj,oS fiakd o<Uqjdf.a

fuu iajNdúl i;=rkaf.a .yKh jeäùu

flfrys j,ame<Eá olajk odhl;ajh ms<sn|

wOHhkh l< hq;=j we;'

m%§md rKùr

iyldr lDIsl¾u wOHCI ^m¾fhaIK&

wkqreoaêld wfífialr iyldr lDIsl¾u wOHCI ^m¾fhaIK&

WoHdk fnda. m¾fhaIK yd ixj¾Ok wdh;kh" .kafkdarej

| f.dúlï iÕrdj40

oEf;a l¾udka;hka f,i fmr

l, lDIsl¾udka;hg ysñj ;snqfKa

iqùfYaIS ia:dkhla' w;S; iudcfha ;snqKq

úYsIaG;u l¾udka;hla f,i lDIsl¾udka;h

by<u ;,hl /oS ;snqKd' th tjlg ;snqKq

lsisu l¾udka;hlg fofjks jQfha ke;'

f.dú;ek kï jQ iïud l¾udka;hg cjh oSug

tl, ;reKhka fmruqKq .;a;d' f.dú;ek;a

;dreKHh;a w;r ;snqfKa fkdìosh yels ne|sulS'

Ys% ,xlsl w;S; ;dreKHh f.dú;ekg oelajQfha

mqÿu f,ka.;=lula' ;ukaf.a jeäysáhka hk

wämdf¾ hñka ;reKhka o l,ska l,g f.dú;ekg

tlajQfha ksrdhdifhkS'

tod f.dú;ekska" ;dreKHfha kshu

fm!¾Ijh lshd mefõh' w;S; l, ;reKfhl=g

;reKshlf.a w;.ekSug f.dú;ek uQ,sl

iqÿiqlula úh' f.dú;ekan;a fkdlrkafkl=g

;u oshKshka irKmjd fkdoSug tod jeäysáhka

;rfha isák ,oS' tfy;a ld,h .;ùu;a

iuÕ ;reK mrïmrdj f.dú;ek;a iuia:

lDIsl¾udka;h;a yerhdu werUqKq w;r" k.rhg

f.dia l=,S jevla lsÍu fyda ;%Sfrdaor:hla meoùu

Bg jvd kïnqldr hehs Tjqka is;;s' tu yerhdu


j¾:udkfha fjkodg jvd jeä fõ.hlska isÿfjk

nj fkdryils' tfy;a f.dú;ek;a lDIsl¾uh;a

w;a fkdyerhk ;reK msßia wog;a fï rfÜ

ke;=jdu fkdfõ' lDIsl¾uh ;ukaf.a m%Odk

wdodhï ud¾.h lr.;a fh!jkfha miqjk ;reK

;reKshka msßila fidhd .sh .ukls fï'

f.dúlï iÕrdfõ wms tjeks ;reK

msßia fidhñka rgmqrd ießieÍu werUqfõ

lDIsl¾udka;h;a f.dú ;ek;a w;a fkdyßk

fh!jkfha miqjk ;reK ;reKshka

.ek rgg fy,sorõ lsÍugh' fujr wmg

tjeks ;reK msßila .ek wikakg ,enqfKa

r;akmqr weô,smsáh ÈUq,aleáh lDIsl¾u

WmfoaYl fldÜGdYfhks' DL1 lDIs foaY.=Ksl

l,dmhg wh;a fuu m%foaYfha ù j.dj

m%Odk lDIsld¾ñl wdodhï Wmdhud¾.h jk

w;r flfi,a" wU" .ia,nq" uqrex.d j.djo

wdodhï Wmdhud¾. njg m;aj we;' lDIsld¾ñl

m%foaYhla jqj;a iajNdj fi!kao¾fhka o

ft;sydisl núkao wkQk ùu ksid fuu m%foaYh

furg m%Odku ixpdrl l,dmhla ;=< msysgd ;sîu

;j;a úfYaI;ajhla' Wvj,j cd;sl jfkdaoHdkh"

Wvj,j we;a w;=re fijK fuu m%foaYhkag

fndfydau ióm ixpdrl ia:dkhka fõ' tfiau

fuu m%foaYfha m%d.a ft;sydisl fidfydka

îï lsysmhla o msysgd we;' tfiau mqiaifoaj

fhdaOhd úiska lrjk ,o ixLmd, úydrh

msysgd we;af;a o fuu wdikak m%foaYfhah'

;reK f.dú iudc ixl,amfha werUqu

isÿjkafka 1951 jif¾§ h' ta .ïmy lSkfoKsh

úoHd,fhks' furg m%:u w.%dud;H Èjx.;

uydudkH ã' tia' fiakdkdhl ue;s;=uka o

;reK f.dú iudc idudðlhl= ùu ;reK f.dú

iudc b;sydifha iqúfYaIS lreKls'

lDIsl¾ujd§ ;reK msßila f.dkqù

we;s merl=ï f,iska kï ;enq fuu ;reK

f.dú iudch j¾I 2015 § fmardfoKsh ;reK

f.dú iudc uQ,ia:dkfha .=reyrelï u;

lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl .hd lùkaø iurùr

uy;df.a uQ,sl;ajfhka wrUk ,§' fï olajd

isá fuu merl=ï ;reK f.dú iudcslhka

lDIsl¾udka;fhka Wmßu ;eka ,nd.ekSug

miqng fkdùh' wojk úg merl=ï ;reK

f.dú iudcfha olaI iudcsl iudðldjka 15

fofkl= ;ukaf.a m%Odk wdodhï ud¾.h jk

lDIsl¾udka;h;a Bg tyd .sh m%cd" wd.ñl yd

ixialD;sl lghq;= /ila fuu ;reK f.dú iudc

fijfKa isg lrf.k hkq ,nhs'

fuu .ufka§ wm uq,skau meñKsfha

ììf,a.u f.dú ckmoh fj;h' ììf,a.u

f.dú ckmofha Oïñl pkaok mqIam l=udr

kï ;reK f.dú uy;f.a ksjykg fuys§

wm uq,skau meñKsfhuq' ty§ wm iuÕ .sh

ish¿fokd b;du;a iqyoyS,Sj ms<s.;af;a

yeÈÉÑ ienE f.dúmq;=ka ;ju;a fï iudcfha

bkakd nj mila lrjñka'

Tyq merl=ï ;reK f.dú iudcfha

iudðlfhl= f,iska ;udf.a m%Odk wodhï

ud¾.h jk lDIsld¾ñl lghq;=;a m%cd"

wd.ñl yd ixialD;sl lghq;=;a mqÿudldr

iunr;djhlska lrf.k hkq ,nkafka wfma

rfÜ j;auka ;reK mrïmrdjg wdo¾Yhla

,ndfoñks' fï Tyq wm iu. l< woyiah'

| f.dúlï iÕrdj42

zz uu merl=ï ;reK f.dú iudcfha

iudcslfhla' wfma foudmshka fyd| f.dúfhda' ta

wdNdIh wmsg;a weú,a,d ;sfhkjd' .hd

lùkaø lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl uy;a;hd uq,skau

fuu m%foaYhg weú,a,d uuhs ;j;a lSmfofkl=;a

tlalrf.k ;uhs merl=ï ;reK f.dú

iudch yeÿfõ' lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl uy;a;hd

wms tlal ks;ru ysáhd' ;reK f.dú iudch

yryd úúO jHdmD;s lrkak wmsg Wmfoia

ÿkakd' ;reK f.dú iudcfha jHdmD;shla

yeáhg uu ìïu,a j.djla wdrïN lrd' j.dj

uq,skau werUqfõ b;du;a iq¿fjka' wfma ksji

wi,u ;snqKq l=vd ldurhl ;uhs ìïu,a

j.dj wdrïN lf<a' ìïu,a wiajekak wfma .ï

m%foaYfhau ;uhs wf,ú lf¾' wfma ìïu,a

j,g fyd| b,a¨ula ;snqKd' b,a¨u

ojiska oji jeä jqKd' ta yskaod ksIamdokh

jeä lrkak w¿;a ìïu,a .Dyhla yeÿjd'

ta i|yd inr.uq m<d;a lDIsl¾u wOHCI

ld¾hd,fhka ishhg 50 odh;laj l%uhg

wuqøjH ,enqKd' oeka wms osklg ìïu,a lsf,da

20 la ú;r lvk w;r tajd .%Eï 200 melÜ

f,i ilid wf,ú lrkjd' oeka uf.a ìïu,a

.Dyh A fYa%Ksfha ìïu,a .Dyhla yeáhg kï

lr,d ;sfhkafkaZZ

Oïñl pkaok mqIaml=udr kï ;reK

f.dú iudðl uy;d fuu ìïu,a j.dj kshu

;dlaIKhka Wmfhda.S lrf.k b;du;a uekúka

lrf.k hk nj th ksÍlaIKh lrk ´kEu

wfhl=g olskak mq¿jka' fuu ìïu,a j.dfõ

ish¿ lghq;= isÿ lrkafka mjqf,a Y%ufhka

ùu o úfYaI lreKls' pkaok uy;d;a Tyqf.a

ìß|;a tl;= ù isÿ lrk fuu jHdmdrh

Èfkka Èk ÈhqKq jkafka ksisl,g ksis Wmfoia

,ndf.k yd tajd ms<sf.k tluq;=j isÿ lrk

ksidh' mjqf,a wd¾Ólh jvd Yla;su;a jkjd

fiau fuu.ska mjqf,a ish¿fokdg ,efnk i;=g

uqo,ska kï ;lafiare l< fkdyel'

wms pkaok uy;df.a ksjykska

B<Õg .sfha ñßiaje,afmd; .%du ks,Odß jifï

l¿uQl,dk hdfha fla' ta' O¾umd, uy;df.a

lrú, j.d lafIa;%h ne,Sugh' wlalr 1$4

l N+ñ m%foaYhl j.d lr we;s w;r tys c,

iïmdokh isÿ flrefKa ìxÿ c, iïmdokfhks'

m<d;a lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=fjka ls%hd;aul

lrk ,o jHdmD;shlska fuu ìxÿ c, iïmdok

lÜg,h O¾umd, uy;dg ,nd§ we;' udhd

lrú, j¾.h j.d l< nj;a oekg j.dj

msysgqjd udihla muK .;ù we;s nj;a Tyq wm

iuÕ mejiQjd' fuu j.d ìug meñKs miq" wmg

fmkS .shd" j.dj jgd lsishï wdjrKhla fhdod

we;s nj' wm Tyqf.ka ta .ek;a úuiqjd' Tyq

mejiqfõ m%foaYh mqrd m%o¾Ykh lr we;s l,a

bl= jQ nek¾ yd oekaùï tfyu;a ke;a;ï

lgjqÜ .,jdf.k f.dia fuu lrú, j.dj jgd

wdjrKhla f,i fhdod we;s nj;ah' yenehs tjd

.,djdf.k tkafka fmd,siSh yd m%dfoaYSh iNdj

oekqj;a lr,hs lsh,d Tyq wmg lSfõ iskdjlao

tl;= lrf.kh'


;eka ;eka j, wmú;% yd wdfYdaNk

jk wdldrhg t,a,d we;s fmd,s;Ska nek¾

wdÈh ;u j.dfõ wdrlaIdj i|yd fhdod

f.k we;s wdldrh ienúkau wdo¾Yu;ah'

ienúkau fujeks j.dìulska t<shg meñKsug

f,danlula is;=ko wms ;j;a ;reK f.dú

uyf;la yuqjg hdhq;= neúka wms O¾umd,

uy;df.a f.dú ìfuka kslau hk ,§'

wm ó<.g .sfha l¿uQl,dk

hdfhau wd¾'tï' pïmsl m%§ma l=udr uy;d yuq

ùugh' Tyq wm tys hk úg;a Tyqf.a mshd;a iuÕ

lrú, fldgqfõ j.d lghq;= j, ksr; ù isáfõh'

ienúkau j¾:udkfha fujeks o¾Ykhla

rEmjdysks kdgHlska ñi ienúkau oelSu ÿ¾,Nh'

m%§ma l=udr wlalr 1$4 l l¿ lrú, kï m%fNaoh

j.d lrhs' wms Tyqg wjia:dj ,ndÿkakd Tyqf.a

l:dj lshkak'

zz uu fï lrú, j.dj lDIsl¾u

fomd¾;fïka;=fõ GAP jevigyk iuÕ

wdrïN lf¾' tu jevigykska ishhg 50

odhl;ajh hgf;a wä 10 lDñ m%;sfrdaë

oe,la ,enqKd' uu lrú, j,g wu;rj jÜglald

wlalr 1$2 la" mf;da, wlalr 1$2 la j.dlr,d

;sfhkafka' ;j jegfld¿ yd ;=U lrú, o j.d

lrkjd' fï ish¿ lghq;= ldrKd isÿ lsÍug

Wmfoia ,ndfokafka lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl

uy;a;hd' uu uq,skau t<j¿ wf,ú lsÍfï

lghq;= o lrd' ta;a oeka fï j.d jevlghq;= ksid

t<j¿ wf,ú lghq;= k;r l<dZZ

úfYaI{ oekqula fkdue;s jqjo pïmsl

l=udr uy;d hï hï w;ayod ne,Sï o lrk nj

wmg olakg ,enqKs' ta wkqj Tyq úiska wyïfnka

y÷kd.;a ñßia j¾.hl Ydl lsysmhla isgqjd

îc ksIamdokh lsÍula o olakg ,enqKs' fuu

ñßia j¾.fha lr,a úYd, nj;a wêl iefrka

hqla; nj;a Tyq wmg mejiqfõ ksy;udks

wdvïnrhlsks' fuu wuqñßia j.dj o jeäÈhqKq

lr .ekSug pïmsl uy;dg n,dfmdfrd;a;=jla

we;'

br uoaoyk fõf.k tk fõ,dfõ wm

ish¿ fokdu oeä msmdihlska miq jq w;r fï

wjia:dfõ pïmsl l=udr uy;d m%Ks; ;eô,s

f.ä lsysmhlska wmg ix.%y lrk ,§' thska

úvdj ksjd.;a wm tu ia:dkfha isg lsf,daóg¾

04 l muK jg rjqï mdrlska hï ia:dkhlg

meñKsfhuq' tu ia:dkh bÈßfhka fld<Uf.awdr

weô,smsáh niamdr Èfõ' tu ia:dkfha pïmsl

m%§ma l=udr ;reKhd úiska w¿;ska bÈlrñka

mj;sk ksji Tyq wmg fmkajQfha byjyd

.sh i;=áks' ksji boslrkqfha oyäh

uykaisfhka lrk f.dú;efkka Wmhd.;a uqo,ska

nj Tyq yeÕSï nrj wm iuÕ m%ldY lrk ,§'

| f.dúlï iÕrdj44

wk;=rej ÈUq,aleáh .%dufha we;s

fy< fndcqkay,g meñK tys j.;=. álla

fidhd n,kakg úh' fuu fy< fndcqkay,

î' ví' bIdß iïudks ch;siai uy;añh we;=¿

;reK f.dú iudc idudðlhska 05 fofkl=

úiska lr.k hkq ,efí' fuu fy< fndcqkay,

wdrïNhg wä;d,u ;enQ yeá ch;siai uy;añh

wm iuÕ fuf,i úia;r lrd'

zz wms uq,skau ;reK f.dú iudch yryd

lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=fjka lrk ,o u,a

j.dj" m,;=re j.dj" m,;=re ksIamdokh

yd wf,úh ms<sn| mqyqKqùï j,g iïnkaO

jqKd' miqj fy< fndcqkay,a jevigyk .ek

oek.kak ,enqKd' fï w;f¾ wms miafokd f.dú

ldka;d ixúOdkhg iïnkaO jqKd' ta ud¾.fhka

fmardfoKsh" .kafkdrefõ§ ;snqKq wdydr

ksIamdokh ms<snoj mqyqKqùï lsysmhlg wmg

iïnkaO fjkak mq¿jka jqKd' tu mqyqKq ùfuka

miafia fï fy< fndcqkay, wdrïN lrd' oeka

wms fïl b;du;a id¾:lj yd iyfhda.fhka

lrf.k hkjd' fï bvu ,nd.kak;a fy<fndcqka

y, yokak;a nexl= Khla .;a;d' ,efnk

wdodhfuka fldgila nexl= Kh f.ùug fhdod

.kakjdZZ

ys; we;akï m; l=vdo lshk merKs

lshuk mila lrñka fuu wdo¾Yu;a ;reK

f.dú ldka;dj o Ôú;h chf.k we;'

wêIaGdkh;a W;aiyh;a we;akï ;u wruqK

lrd <Õd ùu t;rï wmyiq fohla fkdjk nj

ch;siai uy;añhf.a l:dfjka fmkS hhs'

fï ish¨ lreKq ldrKdj,§ ;uka

,nd.;a w;aoelSï fukau m%dfhda.sl mqyqKq yd

oekqu Wmfhda.S lr f.k ;j;a ;reK msßilf.a

Ôú; id¾:l lr §ug ch;siai uy;añ .kakd

W;aidyh o wm ldg;a wdo¾Yhlah'

f.dú;ekq;a lrf.k ;u wUqorejkq;a

foudmshkq;a ?ln,df.k f.j,afodrj¨;a

ms<sfj,g yodf.k rchg remsh,lskq;a fyda

nrla fkdù b,a,Sï oskd.kak Woaf>dIK

fkdlrk rfÜ ksIamdokhg o ;u odhl;ajh

,nd fok fï ;reK;reKhska j;aufka wm

ieug ienúkau wdo¾Yhla' ld¾hnyq,hehs

lshd.kakd cSú; f.jñka lsisod ;Dma;su;a

fkdjk b,lal yd wdYdjka miqmi yUdhk

j;aukla ysñ wmg fujeks ;reKhska msßila

yuqùu ienúkau wm ,o Nd.Hla'

fuu ish¨ foaj,g msgqmiska isg

fï ;reKhska Èßu;a lr wjeis myiqlï

yd ;dlaIKdosh ,nd foñka inr.uq m<d;a

lDIsl¾u ld¾hd,h isÿlrk fiajh o fï

wjia:dfõ wu;l fkdl< hq;=h' tfiau

weô,smsáh l,dmh Ndr iyldr lDIsl¾u

wOHCI tia'tka'fla irKisxy" Èia;s%la ;reK f.dú

iudc úIhNdr ks,OdÍ m%Nd;a wfír;ak"

l,dm ;reK f.dú iudc úIhNdr ks,OdÍ

mS' ta' iS' ã' úfÊiqkaor ÈUq,aleáh lDIsl¾u


WmfoaYl .hd lùkaø" lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl rEmsld

lreKdr;ak ;dlaIK iyhl whs' tï' fla' tÉ

O¾;s,l hk uy;au uy;aóka úiska fuu ;reK

;reKshka yg ,ndfok iyh;a w;suy;ah'

kshuqjka f,i fuu .ukg wm yd tlajQ ;reK

f.dú iudc uQ,ia:dkfha uQ,ia:dfha uQ,ia:dk

lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl wd¾' ta' mS' fla' rkafoKsh"

lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl iqnqoaêld uOqud,S yd

lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl iqÔjd fyajf.a hk uy;au

uy;aóka o ia;+;s mQ¾jlj isys l< hq;=h'

merl=ï ;reK f.dú iudch

mS' Ô' ;s,la úu,isßiNdm;s

fla' tï' wreK bkaÈlidudðl

fla' ta' chr;akidudðl

wd¾' tï' pïmsl m%§ma l=udr - idudðl

whs' tï' fla' tÉ' O¾u;s,l;dCIK iyhl

.hd lùkaø iurùrlDIsl¾u WmfoaYl

mS' ví' whs' iïudkS ch;siai - idudðl

t,a' ta' mS' tka' wfír;akÈia;%sla ;reK f.dú iudc

úIh Ndr ks,Odß

mS' ta' iS' ã' chiqkaorl<dm úIhNdr ks,Odß

tia' tka' fla' irKisxyiyldr lDIsl¾u wOHCI

tÉ' ví' Oïul pkaok mqIaml=udr

idudðl

fla' ta' O¾umd,idudðl

fla' tï' l=udr uOqixLNdKavd.dßl

mS' fla' î' cdklidudðl

f.dúlï iÕrdfõ wms fjkqfjka

ñ,skao iurfldaka - lDIsl¾u WmfoaYl" lDIs m%ldYk tallh" .kafkdarej

| f.dúlï iÕrdj46

w÷re w;S;h

wKav oeuQ l,siu weo

wl=re lrkakg .sh ug

yeuodu;a Wreu jqfka

WiqÆ úiqÆ ú;rhs ug

ksfid,aufka f.ù .sfha

w÷re w;S;hla tod

ßojkakg fkdis;=ks ug

ÿlanr jQ wïuf.a ys;

Wmamekafka y;fr fldgqj

ysia ;sfhkafka wehs lsh,d

weiqj;a keye mdrkakg

ys;=fõ wïuf.a yoj;

ñ,dk ù .sh w÷re w;Sf;a

h<s fkdu tkq we;

lsisod wïfï

jika;fha w. msmqKq u,la fia

/l.ñ Tn uf.a oEi jf.a'

f.dúlï iÕrdjg ,sõfõ"

kkaokS Ydka;s,;drdcH l<ukdlrK iyldrlDIs m%ldYk tallh


1 2 3

4 5

6

7

8 9 10

11

12

oa

kS

u

yryg

1' tlu mqIamh msmS" mrù kej; msfmuka jfrl

chdx.S yd jfrl mQudx.S mqIamhla f,i l%shd

lrk rij;a m,;=rls'

4' ir< ñkqï tallhls'

6' fy< f.dú;efka§ ;=kajk iS iEu fuf,i

y÷kajhs'

9' Ydl m;% j, yß;m%o wkqfõ wvx.= f,dayuh

uQ,øjHla jk fuh ysÕ jQ úg YdLd j,

j¾Okh wvqùu" m;% kdráh w;r lyùu yd

m;% úh<Shdu jeks W!K;d ,CIK fmkajhs'

11' meÕsß l=,hg wh;a fnda.hls'

12' ù j.dfõ§ wvq ì;a;r ù m%udKhla Ndú;d

lr fCIa;% ixia:dmkh lr.; yels me<

jemsÍfï l%uhls'

m%fya,sldj - 04

f.dúlï iÕrdfõ mdGl Tng;a oeka fukak lÈu wjia:djla' ta i|yd Tn l< hq;af;a fuys

m<jk m%fya,sldj ksjerÈj mqrjd wm fj; 2019-08-31 Èkg fmr tùuh' tjkakdf.a ku yd ,smskh

meyeÈ<sj igyka lr túh hq;=h' ksjerÈ ms<s;=re imhk wh w;ßka l=im;a weo f;dard .kakd

ch.%dylfhl=g lDIsl¾u fomd¾;fïka;=j uÕska m%ldYs; jákd lDIs m%ldYk lÜg,hla ;E.s

jYfhka msßkefï'

ie'hq' ( tla wfhl=g tla úi÷ulg jvd túh yels jqj;a" fuys m<jk m%fya,sldfõ Pdhd msgm;a fyda *elaia

msgm;a ;rÕh i|yd j,x.= fkdfõ' j,x.= jkafka fuu f.dúlï iÕrdfjka lmd.;a m%fya,sldj muKhs'

* úksYaph uKav,fha ;SrKh wjika ;SrKh fõ'

wfma ,smskh ( iyldr lDIsl¾u wOHCI ^lDIs m%ldYk&" lDIsl¾u m%ldYk tallh" ;e' fm' 24" .kafkdarej

my<g

2' l=Uqrl kshrlska jg jQ ìï fldgi fï kñka

y÷kajhs'

3' Ydl j¾Okhg fnfyúka n,mdk idOlhlg

iudk jpkhls'

5' rij;a mdkhla ilid.; yels nyq jd¾Isl

fnda.hls'

7' ldurx.d m%fNaohls'

8' frda. ldrlhls'

10' j.=re ìï j, r;= meyehg fuu uQ,øjH

fya;=fõ'

| f.dúlï iÕrdj48

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