Drug StudyFINALE

8/12/2019 Drug StudyFINALE

1/20

3

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name

Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual

Dose

Actual

Dose

Contraindication Side Effect Nursing

Responsibility

P

O

TAS

SI

UM

C

HL

O

RID

E

K

A

LIU

M

DU

RU

LE

Potassium

Supplement

Principal

intracellular cat ion,

essential ofintracellularisotonicity,

transmission ofnerve impulses,

contraction ofcardiac, skeletal,

and smoothmuscles,

maintenance ofnormal kidney

functions and

correction ofimbalances in acid-

base metabolism.

Prevention and

correction of

potassium withacidosis, use

potassium acetate,

bicarbonate, citrate,or gluconate.

16-24 or

40-80

mEq/ dayPO

1 tab OD Contraindicated

with allergy to

tartrazine, aspirin(tartrazine is foundin some

preparationsmarketed as Kaon-

CL, Klor-Con);theraphy with

potassium-sparingdiuretics or

aldosterone-inhibiting agents;

severe renal

impairement witholiguria, anuria,azotemia;

untreatedaddisons disease,

hyperkalemia;adynamiaepisodica

hereditaria; acutedehydration; heat

cramps; GIdisorders that

delay passage inthe GI tract.

DERMATOLOGIC:

Rash

GI:Nausea, vomiting,diarrhea,

abdominaldiscomfort, GI

obstruction, GIbleeding, GI

ulceration orperforation.

HEMATOLOGIC:

Hyperkalemia-increased serum

potassium, ECG

changes (peakingof T waves, loss

of P waves,depression of ST

segment,prolongation of

Qtc interval)

LOCAL:

Tissue sloughing,local necrosis,local phlebitis,

and venospasmwith injection.

Observe 10 rightsin giving

medication,Right to:-Medication

-Time-Route

-Client-Assessment

- Dosage-Evaluation

-Client Education-Documenta-

Tion

-Refuse Administer oraldrug after meals or

with food and fullglass of water to

decrease GI upset.

Tell the patient tonot chew or crush

tablets; have patientswallow tablet whole

Tell the patientthat he may

experience sideeffects such as

Nausea, vomiting anddiarrhea.


2/20

3

Tell the patient toreport tingling of the

hand or feet, unusualtiredness or

weakness, feeling ofheaviness in legs,

abdominal pain.

Monitor serumpotassium before andduring therapy.


3/20

3

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose

Contraindication Side Effects Nursing

Responsibilities

AZ

I

THR

OM

YC

IN

ZI

T

HRO

MA

X

MacrolideAnti-infective

Bactericidal andbacteriostatic.

Inhibits protein

synthesis afterbinding with 50Sribosomal subunit

of susceptibleorganisms.

Treatment of lowerrespiratory

infections; acute

bacterial of COPD,communityacquired

pneumonia.

Immediate-release:

500 mg

orally as asingledose on

the firstday

followedby 250 mg

orallyonce a day

on days 2through 5

for mild

infections

500mg1tab P.O

OD

Hypersensitivity todrug, erythromycin

or other macrolide

anti-infective.

CNS:headache,

dizziness,

drowsiness,fatigue, vertigo.

CV:chest pain,

palpitation.

GI:diarrhea, nausea,

vomiting,abdominal pain,

dyspepsia,

flatulence,psuedomembranous colitis

GU:

nephritis,candidiasis

METABOLIC:

hyperglycemia,hyperkalemia

SKIN:rashes,

photosensitivity,

angioedema.

Observe 10 righin giving medicatio

Right to:

-Medication-Time-Route

-Client-Assessment

- Dosage-Evaluation


Tion-Refuse

Assess for signand symptoms ofinfection.

Administer onempty stomach--hr before or 23 h

after meals. Foodaffects the

absorption of thisdrug.

Instruct patienno to take any

medication witho

consultingprescriber.

Instruct patiento immediately


4/20

3

report adversereactions promptl

such as severewatery diarrhea,

severe nausea andvomiting and

mouth sores.

Inform patientthat he mayexperienced these

side effects:cramping,

headache, stomaccramping

Remind patiento complete entir

course of therapyordered, even afte

symptoms improv


5/20

3

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

F

UR

OS

EM

ID

E

L

AS

IX

Loop diuretics Inhibit sodium and

chloridereabsorption from

ascending loop ofHenle and distal

renal tubules

For hypertension,

renal disease.

40 mg IV

over 1-2minute or

may beincreased

to 80 mgIV over 1-

2 minuteif reponse

isunsatisfact

ory after 1hour

40 mg

IVTT statdose

.

Severe sodium and

water depletion,hypersensitivity to

Sulpfonamides andFurosemide,

hypokalemia,hyponatremia,

anuria

CNS:

headache,dizziness,

lethargy,restlessness,

paresthesia, light-headeness,

drowsiness.

CV:orthostatic

hypotension,tachycardia,

volume depletionarrhythmias,

hypotension,

EENT:blurred vision,

hearing loss,tinnitus

GI:

diarrhea, nausea,vomiting,

constipation,abdominal pain,

dyspepsia,anorexia, acute

Observe 10 righin giving medicatioRight to:

-Medication-Time

-Route-Client

-Assessment- Dosage

-Evaluation-Client Education

-Documenta-Tion

-Refuse Closely monito

for BP and vitalsigns because it

causes hypotensio

Monitor intakeand output

Encourage patito eat potassium-rich foods daily

(e.g., bananas,oranges, peaches

dried dates) toreduce or prevent

potassiumdepletion.


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3

pancreatitis .

GU:excessive and

frequenturination,

nocturia,

glycosuria,bladder spasm,,oliguria,

interstitialnephritis

HEPATIC:

jaundice.

METABOLIC:hyperglycemia

hyeruricemia,

dehydration,hypokalemia,hypocalcemia,

hypochloremicacidosis

SKIN:

rashes,diaphoresis,

pruruitus,

OTHERS:

pain , fever,

Advise patient avoid sudden

change ofmovement as it

causes dizzinessand orthostatic

hypotension.

Advise patient contact health car

professional

immediately if ramuscle weakness

cramps, nausea,dizziness,

numbness, ortingling of

extremities occur


7/20

3

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

C

ET

RI

ZI

NE

A

LV

IX

Antihistamine Potent specific

histamine (H1)receptor

antagonist; inhibitshistamine release

and eosinophilchemotaxis during

inflammation,lleading to reduced

swelling anddecrease

inflammatoryresponse.

Management of

seasonal andperennial allergic

rhinitis, allergies,hay fever.

5mg-

10mg BID

1 tab now

then OD

Contra indicated

with allergy to anyantihistamine,

hydroxyzine.

CNS:

somnolence,sedation

CV:

palpitation,edema, dizzines

GI:

nausea, diarrhea,abdominal pain,

constipation, drymouth

RESPIRATORY:

bronchospasm,pharynchitis

OTHER:

fever,photosensitivity,

rash, myalgia,arthralgia,

angioedema,fatigue


-Medication-Time

-Route-Client

-Assessment- Dosage


-Documenta-Tion

-Refuse Give themedication withoutregard to food.

Arrangehumidifier if

thickening ofsecretions, nasal

dryness becomebothersome;

encourage intake ofluids.

Inform about thdifferent side effect

of the drug.

Instruct to repo


8/20


9/20

4

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

A

CE

TY

LC

YS

TE

IN

E

E

XF

LE

M

Antidote

Mucolytic

Mucolytic activity:

Splits links in themucoproteins

contained inrespiratory mucus

secretions,decreasing the

viscosity of themucus.

Antidote for

acetaminophenhepatotoxicity:

Protects liver cellsby maintaining cell

function anddetoxifying

acetaminophenmetabolites.

Mucolytic adjuvant

therapy forabdominal, viscid,

or inspissatedmucus secretions in

acute and chronicbronchopulmonary

disease.

To prevent orlessen hepatic

injury that mayoccur after

ingestion ofpotentially

hepatotoxic dose ofacetaminophen.

140mg PO 60mg 1

tab +100cc

H20 OD

Contra indicated

with allergy toacetylcysteine.

Mucolytic:

GI:nausea, stomatitis

HYPERSENSITI

VITY:urticaria

RESPIRATORY:

bronchospasm,especially with

asthma patient

OTHER:rhinorrhea

Antidote:

DERMATOLOGIC:

rash

GI:nausea, vomiting,

other GIsymptoms

OTHER:

anaphylactoidreaction


-Medication-Time

-Route-Client

-Assessment- Dosage


-Documenta-Tion

-Refuse Be careful withthe dilutions to begiven.

Prepare freshsolutions and use it

within 1 hour.

Do not adminisdiuretics.

Instruct to repodifficulty of breathor nausea.


10/20

4

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

CA

PT

OP

RI

L

PR

IM

AS

E

ACE inhibitorAntihypertens

ive

Blocks ACE fromconverting

angiotensin I toangiotensine II, a

powerfulvasoconstrictor

leading todecreased BP,

decreasedaldosterone

secretion, a small

increase in serumpotassium levels,and sodium and

fluid loss;increasing

prostaglandinssynthesis also

maybe involved inthe

antihypertensiveaction.

Treatment ofhypertension.

25mg POBID or

TID

25mg tab BID

Contra indicatedwith allergy to

captopril, historyof angioedema.

CV:tachycardia,

angina pectoris,heart failure, MI,

Raymundssyndrome,

hypotension insalt or volume-

depleted patients

DERMATOLOG

Y:alopecia, rash,pruritus, scalded

mouth, sensation,pemphigoidlike

reaction,exfoliative

dermatitis,photosensitivity

GI:

gastric irritation,

aphthous ulcers,peptic ulcer,dysgeuria,

cholestatic


Right to:-Medication

-Time-Route

-Client-Assessment

- Dosage-Evaluation

-Client Education

-Documenta-Tion-Refuse

Monitor patientfor drop in BP

secondary toreduction in fluid

volume.

Instruct thepatient to take 1 hobefore meals, do no

take with food.

Inform to repormouth sores, somethroat, fever, chills

swelling of the han


11/20

4

jaundice,hepatocellular

injury, anorexia,constipation

GU:

proteinuria, renal

insufficiency,renal failure,oliguria, urinary

frequency

HEPATOLOGIC:neuropenia,

agranulocytosis,thrombocytopenia

, haemolyticanemia,

pancytopenia

OTHER:cough, malaise,

dry mouth,lynphadenopathy

or feet, irregular hebeat, chest pains,

swelling of the faceeyes, lips, or tongu

and difficulty inbreathing.


12/20

4

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

DI

GO

XI

N

Antiarrhythmic

Inotropic

Strenghtensmyocardial

contraindicationsand slows

conductionthrough SA and

AV nodes.

Heart failure,paroxysmal

supraventriculartachycardia, atrial

fibrillation andflutter.

0.25mg IVOD

5mg IVnow then

25mg 1tab OD

Contraindicatedwith patient with

hypersensitivity tothe drug or any of

its components andin those with

digitalis-inducedtoxicity,ventricular

fibrillation, or

ventricularyachycardia unless

caused by heartfailure.

CNS:Agitation,

dizziness, fatigue,generalized

muscle weakness,hallucinations,

headache,malaise,

paresthesia,

stupor, vertigo

CV:

Arrhythmia, heartfailure,hypotension

EENT:

Blurred vision,diplopia, light

flashes,

photophobia,

yellow-greenhalos aroundvisual images

GI:



-Time-Route

-Client-Assessment- Dosage

-Evaluation


Tion-Refuse

Monitorpotassium levelcarefully.

Tell patient to epotassium-rich foo

Inform the patieabout the different

side effects that maexperience.

Inform to reporexperience


13/20

4

Anorexia,diarrhea, nausea,

vomiting

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

P

AR

AC

ET

A

MOL

B

IO

GE

SI

C

Non-narcotic

AnalgesicAntipyretic

Inhibits pyrogen

effect on thehypothalamic-

heat-regulatingcenters. And

inhibits CNSprostaglandin

synthesis with

minimal effects onperipheralprostaglandin

synthesis.

Decreases fever by

a hypothalamiceffect leading to

sweating andvasodilation.

325-

650mgevery 4

hours upto a

maximumof 1 gram

every 6

hours

500mg 1

tab every4 hours

PRN

Contraindicated

with patient withrenal insufficiency

and anemia.

Minimal GIupset.

Methemoglobinemia

HemolyticAnemia

NeutropeniaThrombocytope

niaPancytopeniaLeukopeniaUrticariaCNS

stimulation

Hypoglycemiccoma

JaundiceGlissitisDrowsinessLiver Damage


-Medication-Time

-Route-Client

-Assessment

- Dosage-Evaluation-Client Education

-Documenta-Tion

-Refuse

Monitor CBC,liver and renal

functions.

Assess for fecaloccult blood and

nephritis.

Take with food milk to minimize Gupset.

Report N&V.


14/20

4

cyanosis, shortnessbreath and abdomin

pain as these aresigns of toxicity.

Report palenessweakness and heart

beat skips

Report abdominpain, jaundice, darkurine, itchiness or

clay-colored stools

Report pain thapersists for more th3-5 days .

This drug is nofor regular use with

any form of liverdisease.


15/20

4

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

I

PR

AT

RO

P

IUM

B

RO

MI

DE

C

OM

BI

VE

N

T

AnticholinergicAntimuscarinicBronchodilator

Para-sympatholytic

Anticholinergic;

chemically relatedto atropine which

blocks vagally,mediated reflexes

by antagonizingthe action of

acetylcholine.

Causesbronchodilationsand inhibits

secretion fromserous and

seromucous glandslining the nasal

mucosa.

Bronchodilator for

maintenancetreatment of

bronchospasmassociated with

COPD (solution,aerosol).

500mcg

TID-QID

5mg IV

now then25mg 1

tab OD

Contraindicated in

patients with ahistory of

hypersensitivity toatropine or its

derivatives,soybean or peanut

allergy.

GENERAL:

Headache, pain,influenza, chest

pain

GI:Nausea, GI

distress, dry

mouth

RESPIRATORY:

Bronchitis,dyspnea, cough,

pneumonia,bronchospasm,

pharyngitis,sinusitis, rhinitis

OTHER:

Back pain, chest

pain, palpitations,rash


-Medication-Time

-Route-Client

-Assessment

- Dosage-Evaluation-Client Education

-Documenta-Tion

-Refuse

Ensure adequathydration; controlenvironment

temperature toprevent hyperexia.

Have patient vobefore taking themedication.

Inform the patieabout the different


16/20

4

side effects that maoccur.

Report rash, eypain, difficulty

voiding, palpitationand vision change.

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

SU

LT

AM

I

CIL

LI

N

UN

AS

YN

Antibiotic Used only to treator prevent

infections that areproven or strongly

suspected to becaused by bacteria.

375-750mg

BID

75mg 1tab BID

Contraindicated inindividuals with a

history ofhypersensitivity

reactions to any ofthe penicillins

fever sore throatheadache with

a severe

blistering,peeling, and

red skinrash

diarrhea that iswatery or

bloody; or

fever, chills,body aches, flu

symptoms.

nauseavomitingstomach painbloating, gasvaginal itching

or discharge;;

itching;swollen, black,or "hairy"

tongue;



-Time-Route

-Client

-Assessment- Dosage-Evaluation


Tion-Refuse

May taken withwithout food.
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17/20

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thrush (whitepatches or

inside yourmouth or

throat); or

pain, swelling,or other

irritation wherethe needle is

placed.
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18/20

4

DRUG STUDY

Generic

Name

Brand

Name


Dose

Actual

Dose


Responsibilities

N

AP

RO

XE

N+

OM

EP

RA

ZO

L

S

KE

LA

N

PR

OT

EC

T

NSAIDs

Analgesic(nonopioid)

Analgesic, anti-

inflammatory, andantipyretic

activities largelyrelated to

inhibition ofprostaglandin

synthesis; exactmechanism of

action is unknown.

It reduces swelling,

inflammation andpain, and is used for

the relief of mild tomoderately severe

pain accompaniedby inflammation.

250-

500mg POTID

5mg IV

now then25mg 1

tab OD

Contraindicated

with patient withallergy to

naproxen, otherNSAIDs, and

salicylates.

CNS:

Headache,dizziness,

insomnia, fatigue,tiredness

DERMATOLOGI

C:Rash, sweating,

stomatitis

GI:Nausea, dyspnea,

GI pain, diarrhea,vomiting,

constipation,flatulence

GU:

Renalimpairement,

hematuria,dysuria


-Medication-Time

-Route-Client

-Assessment- Dosage


-Documenta-Tion

-Refuse

Instruct to takedrug with meal ofood.

Instruct thepatient not to che

cut or crush thedrug.

Inform the patieabout the differen


19/20

5

HEMATOLOGIC

:Bleeding platelet

inhibition wihhigher doses,

aplastic anemia,

menorrhagia

RESPIRATORY:

Dyspnea,hemoptysis,

bronchospasm,rhinitis

OTHER:

Peripheral edema

side effects thatmay occur.

Report sorethroat, fever, rash

weight gain, chanin vision, and bla

tarry stool.

DRUG STUDY

GenericName

BrandName

Classification Mode of Action Indication UsualDose

ActualDose

Contraindication Side Effects NursingResponsibilities

SP

IR

ON

OL

AC

TO

NE

AL

DA

ZI

DE

Aldosteroneantagonist;

Potassium-sparing

diuretic

Competitivelyblocks the effects

of aldosterone inthe renal tubule,

causing loss ofsodium and water

and retention ofpotassium.

Diagnosis andmaintenance of

primaryhypertension.

Treatment ofhypokalemia in

patients whowould be at risk if

hypokalemiaoccurred.

25, 50,100mg

tab OD Contraindicatedwith allergy to

spironolactone,hyperkalemia,

renal disease,anuria, amiloride

or triamterene use.

CNS:Dizziness,

headache,drowsiness,

fatigue, ataxia,confusion

DERMATOLOGI

C:Rash, urticaria

GI:

Cramping,diarrhea, dry



-Time-Route

-Client-Assessment

- Dosage-Evaluation


Tion-Refuse


20/20

5

+B

UL

TI

Z

IDE

mouth, thirst,vomiting

GU:

Impotence,irregular menses,

amenorrhea,

postmenopausalbleeding

HEMATOLOGIC:

Hyperkalemia,hyponatremia,

agranulocytosis

OTHER:Deepening of the

voice, birsutism

Give daily doseearly so that

increasing urinatidoesnt interfere

with sleep.

Avoid givingfood rich in

potassium.

Weigh patient o

a regular basis, atthe same time and

in the sameclothing, and

record.

Inform the patieabout the sideeffects of the drug

Report weightchange of more

than 3 pounds in day, swelling in

ankles or fingers,dizziness, and

muscle weaknesscramps.

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