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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effect Nursing
Responsibility
P
O
TAS
SI
UM
C
HL
O
RID
E
K
A
LIU
M
DU
RU
LE
Potassium
Supplement
Principal
intracellular cat ion,
essential ofintracellularisotonicity,
transmission ofnerve impulses,
contraction ofcardiac, skeletal,
and smoothmuscles,
maintenance ofnormal kidney
functions and
correction ofimbalances in acid-
base metabolism.
Prevention and
correction of
potassium withacidosis, use
potassium acetate,
bicarbonate, citrate,or gluconate.
16-24 or
40-80
mEq/ dayPO
1 tab OD Contraindicated
with allergy to
tartrazine, aspirin(tartrazine is foundin some
preparationsmarketed as Kaon-
CL, Klor-Con);theraphy with
potassium-sparingdiuretics or
aldosterone-inhibiting agents;
severe renal
impairement witholiguria, anuria,azotemia;
untreatedaddisons disease,
hyperkalemia;adynamiaepisodica
hereditaria; acutedehydration; heat
cramps; GIdisorders that
delay passage inthe GI tract.
DERMATOLOGIC:
Rash
GI:Nausea, vomiting,diarrhea,
abdominaldiscomfort, GI
obstruction, GIbleeding, GI
ulceration orperforation.
HEMATOLOGIC:
Hyperkalemia-increased serum
potassium, ECG
changes (peakingof T waves, loss
of P waves,depression of ST
segment,prolongation of
Qtc interval)
LOCAL:
Tissue sloughing,local necrosis,local phlebitis,
and venospasmwith injection.
Observe 10 rightsin giving
medication,Right to:-Medication
-Time-Route
-Client-Assessment
- Dosage-Evaluation
-Client Education-Documenta-
Tion
-Refuse Administer oraldrug after meals or
with food and fullglass of water to
decrease GI upset.
Tell the patient tonot chew or crush
tablets; have patientswallow tablet whole
Tell the patientthat he may
experience sideeffects such as
Nausea, vomiting anddiarrhea.
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Tell the patient toreport tingling of the
hand or feet, unusualtiredness or
weakness, feeling ofheaviness in legs,
abdominal pain.
Monitor serumpotassium before andduring therapy.
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
AZ
I
THR
OM
YC
IN
ZI
T
HRO
MA
X
MacrolideAnti-infective
Bactericidal andbacteriostatic.
Inhibits protein
synthesis afterbinding with 50Sribosomal subunit
of susceptibleorganisms.
Treatment of lowerrespiratory
infections; acute
bacterial of COPD,communityacquired
pneumonia.
Immediate-release:
500 mg
orally as asingledose on
the firstday
followedby 250 mg
orallyonce a day
on days 2through 5
for mild
infections
500mg1tab P.O
OD
Hypersensitivity todrug, erythromycin
or other macrolide
anti-infective.
CNS:headache,
dizziness,
drowsiness,fatigue, vertigo.
CV:chest pain,
palpitation.
GI:diarrhea, nausea,
vomiting,abdominal pain,
dyspepsia,
flatulence,psuedomembranous colitis
GU:
nephritis,candidiasis
METABOLIC:
hyperglycemia,hyperkalemia
SKIN:rashes,
photosensitivity,
angioedema.
Observe 10 righin giving medicatio
Right to:
-Medication-Time-Route
-Client-Assessment
- Dosage-Evaluation
-Client Education-Documenta-
Tion-Refuse
Assess for signand symptoms ofinfection.
Administer onempty stomach--hr before or 23 h
after meals. Foodaffects the
absorption of thisdrug.
Instruct patienno to take any
medication witho
consultingprescriber.
Instruct patiento immediately
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report adversereactions promptl
such as severewatery diarrhea,
severe nausea andvomiting and
mouth sores.
Inform patientthat he mayexperienced these
side effects:cramping,
headache, stomaccramping
Remind patiento complete entir
course of therapyordered, even afte
symptoms improv
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
F
UR
OS
EM
ID
E
L
AS
IX
Loop diuretics Inhibit sodium and
chloridereabsorption from
ascending loop ofHenle and distal
renal tubules
For hypertension,
renal disease.
40 mg IV
over 1-2minute or
may beincreased
to 80 mgIV over 1-
2 minuteif reponse
isunsatisfact
ory after 1hour
40 mg
IVTT statdose
.
Severe sodium and
water depletion,hypersensitivity to
Sulpfonamides andFurosemide,
hypokalemia,hyponatremia,
anuria
CNS:
headache,dizziness,
lethargy,restlessness,
paresthesia, light-headeness,
drowsiness.
CV:orthostatic
hypotension,tachycardia,
volume depletionarrhythmias,
hypotension,
EENT:blurred vision,
hearing loss,tinnitus
GI:
diarrhea, nausea,vomiting,
constipation,abdominal pain,
dyspepsia,anorexia, acute
Observe 10 righin giving medicatioRight to:
-Medication-Time
-Route-Client
-Assessment- Dosage
-Evaluation-Client Education
-Documenta-Tion
-Refuse Closely monito
for BP and vitalsigns because it
causes hypotensio
Monitor intakeand output
Encourage patito eat potassium-rich foods daily
(e.g., bananas,oranges, peaches
dried dates) toreduce or prevent
potassiumdepletion.
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pancreatitis .
GU:excessive and
frequenturination,
nocturia,
glycosuria,bladder spasm,,oliguria,
interstitialnephritis
HEPATIC:
jaundice.
METABOLIC:hyperglycemia
hyeruricemia,
dehydration,hypokalemia,hypocalcemia,
hypochloremicacidosis
SKIN:
rashes,diaphoresis,
pruruitus,
OTHERS:
pain , fever,
Advise patient avoid sudden
change ofmovement as it
causes dizzinessand orthostatic
hypotension.
Advise patient contact health car
professional
immediately if ramuscle weakness
cramps, nausea,dizziness,
numbness, ortingling of
extremities occur
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
C
ET
RI
ZI
NE
A
LV
IX
Antihistamine Potent specific
histamine (H1)receptor
antagonist; inhibitshistamine release
and eosinophilchemotaxis during
inflammation,lleading to reduced
swelling anddecrease
inflammatoryresponse.
Management of
seasonal andperennial allergic
rhinitis, allergies,hay fever.
5mg-
10mg BID
1 tab now
then OD
Contra indicated
with allergy to anyantihistamine,
hydroxyzine.
CNS:
somnolence,sedation
CV:
palpitation,edema, dizzines
GI:
nausea, diarrhea,abdominal pain,
constipation, drymouth
RESPIRATORY:
bronchospasm,pharynchitis
OTHER:
fever,photosensitivity,
rash, myalgia,arthralgia,
angioedema,fatigue
Observe 10 righin giving medicatioRight to:
-Medication-Time
-Route-Client
-Assessment- Dosage
-Evaluation-Client Education
-Documenta-Tion
-Refuse Give themedication withoutregard to food.
Arrangehumidifier if
thickening ofsecretions, nasal
dryness becomebothersome;
encourage intake ofluids.
Inform about thdifferent side effect
of the drug.
Instruct to repo
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
A
CE
TY
LC
YS
TE
IN
E
E
XF
LE
M
Antidote
Mucolytic
Mucolytic activity:
Splits links in themucoproteins
contained inrespiratory mucus
secretions,decreasing the
viscosity of themucus.
Antidote for
acetaminophenhepatotoxicity:
Protects liver cellsby maintaining cell
function anddetoxifying
acetaminophenmetabolites.
Mucolytic adjuvant
therapy forabdominal, viscid,
or inspissatedmucus secretions in
acute and chronicbronchopulmonary
disease.
To prevent orlessen hepatic
injury that mayoccur after
ingestion ofpotentially
hepatotoxic dose ofacetaminophen.
140mg PO 60mg 1
tab +100cc
H20 OD
Contra indicated
with allergy toacetylcysteine.
Mucolytic:
GI:nausea, stomatitis
HYPERSENSITI
VITY:urticaria
RESPIRATORY:
bronchospasm,especially with
asthma patient
OTHER:rhinorrhea
Antidote:
DERMATOLOGIC:
rash
GI:nausea, vomiting,
other GIsymptoms
OTHER:
anaphylactoidreaction
Observe 10 righin giving medicatioRight to:
-Medication-Time
-Route-Client
-Assessment- Dosage
-Evaluation-Client Education
-Documenta-Tion
-Refuse Be careful withthe dilutions to begiven.
Prepare freshsolutions and use it
within 1 hour.
Do not adminisdiuretics.
Instruct to repodifficulty of breathor nausea.
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
CA
PT
OP
RI
L
PR
IM
AS
E
ACE inhibitorAntihypertens
ive
Blocks ACE fromconverting
angiotensin I toangiotensine II, a
powerfulvasoconstrictor
leading todecreased BP,
decreasedaldosterone
secretion, a small
increase in serumpotassium levels,and sodium and
fluid loss;increasing
prostaglandinssynthesis also
maybe involved inthe
antihypertensiveaction.
Treatment ofhypertension.
25mg POBID or
TID
25mg tab BID
Contra indicatedwith allergy to
captopril, historyof angioedema.
CV:tachycardia,
angina pectoris,heart failure, MI,
Raymundssyndrome,
hypotension insalt or volume-
depleted patients
DERMATOLOG
Y:alopecia, rash,pruritus, scalded
mouth, sensation,pemphigoidlike
reaction,exfoliative
dermatitis,photosensitivity
GI:
gastric irritation,
aphthous ulcers,peptic ulcer,dysgeuria,
cholestatic
Observe 10 righin giving medicatio
Right to:-Medication
-Time-Route
-Client-Assessment
- Dosage-Evaluation
-Client Education
-Documenta-Tion-Refuse
Monitor patientfor drop in BP
secondary toreduction in fluid
volume.
Instruct thepatient to take 1 hobefore meals, do no
take with food.
Inform to repormouth sores, somethroat, fever, chills
swelling of the han
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jaundice,hepatocellular
injury, anorexia,constipation
GU:
proteinuria, renal
insufficiency,renal failure,oliguria, urinary
frequency
HEPATOLOGIC:neuropenia,
agranulocytosis,thrombocytopenia
, haemolyticanemia,
pancytopenia
OTHER:cough, malaise,
dry mouth,lynphadenopathy
or feet, irregular hebeat, chest pains,
swelling of the faceeyes, lips, or tongu
and difficulty inbreathing.
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
DI
GO
XI
N
Antiarrhythmic
Inotropic
Strenghtensmyocardial
contraindicationsand slows
conductionthrough SA and
AV nodes.
Heart failure,paroxysmal
supraventriculartachycardia, atrial
fibrillation andflutter.
0.25mg IVOD
5mg IVnow then
25mg 1tab OD
Contraindicatedwith patient with
hypersensitivity tothe drug or any of
its components andin those with
digitalis-inducedtoxicity,ventricular
fibrillation, or
ventricularyachycardia unless
caused by heartfailure.
CNS:Agitation,
dizziness, fatigue,generalized
muscle weakness,hallucinations,
headache,malaise,
paresthesia,
stupor, vertigo
CV:
Arrhythmia, heartfailure,hypotension
EENT:
Blurred vision,diplopia, light
flashes,
photophobia,
yellow-greenhalos aroundvisual images
GI:
Observe 10 righin giving medicatio
Right to:-Medication
-Time-Route
-Client-Assessment- Dosage
-Evaluation
-Client Education-Documenta-
Tion-Refuse
Monitorpotassium levelcarefully.
Tell patient to epotassium-rich foo
Inform the patieabout the different
side effects that maexperience.
Inform to reporexperience
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Anorexia,diarrhea, nausea,
vomiting
DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
P
AR
AC
ET
A
MOL
B
IO
GE
SI
C
Non-narcotic
AnalgesicAntipyretic
Inhibits pyrogen
effect on thehypothalamic-
heat-regulatingcenters. And
inhibits CNSprostaglandin
synthesis with
minimal effects onperipheralprostaglandin
synthesis.
Decreases fever by
a hypothalamiceffect leading to
sweating andvasodilation.
325-
650mgevery 4
hours upto a
maximumof 1 gram
every 6
hours
500mg 1
tab every4 hours
PRN
Contraindicated
with patient withrenal insufficiency
and anemia.
Minimal GIupset.
Methemoglobinemia
HemolyticAnemia
NeutropeniaThrombocytope
niaPancytopeniaLeukopeniaUrticariaCNS
stimulation
Hypoglycemiccoma
JaundiceGlissitisDrowsinessLiver Damage
Observe 10 righin giving medicatioRight to:
-Medication-Time
-Route-Client
-Assessment
- Dosage-Evaluation-Client Education
-Documenta-Tion
-Refuse
Monitor CBC,liver and renal
functions.
Assess for fecaloccult blood and
nephritis.
Take with food milk to minimize Gupset.
Report N&V.
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cyanosis, shortnessbreath and abdomin
pain as these aresigns of toxicity.
Report palenessweakness and heart
beat skips
Report abdominpain, jaundice, darkurine, itchiness or
clay-colored stools
Report pain thapersists for more th3-5 days .
This drug is nofor regular use with
any form of liverdisease.
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
I
PR
AT
RO
P
IUM
B
RO
MI
DE
C
OM
BI
VE
N
T
AnticholinergicAntimuscarinicBronchodilator
Para-sympatholytic
Anticholinergic;
chemically relatedto atropine which
blocks vagally,mediated reflexes
by antagonizingthe action of
acetylcholine.
Causesbronchodilationsand inhibits
secretion fromserous and
seromucous glandslining the nasal
mucosa.
Bronchodilator for
maintenancetreatment of
bronchospasmassociated with
COPD (solution,aerosol).
500mcg
TID-QID
5mg IV
now then25mg 1
tab OD
Contraindicated in
patients with ahistory of
hypersensitivity toatropine or its
derivatives,soybean or peanut
allergy.
GENERAL:
Headache, pain,influenza, chest
pain
GI:Nausea, GI
distress, dry
mouth
RESPIRATORY:
Bronchitis,dyspnea, cough,
pneumonia,bronchospasm,
pharyngitis,sinusitis, rhinitis
OTHER:
Back pain, chest
pain, palpitations,rash
Observe 10 righin giving medicatioRight to:
-Medication-Time
-Route-Client
-Assessment
- Dosage-Evaluation-Client Education
-Documenta-Tion
-Refuse
Ensure adequathydration; controlenvironment
temperature toprevent hyperexia.
Have patient vobefore taking themedication.
Inform the patieabout the different
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side effects that maoccur.
Report rash, eypain, difficulty
voiding, palpitationand vision change.
DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
SU
LT
AM
I
CIL
LI
N
UN
AS
YN
Antibiotic Used only to treator prevent
infections that areproven or strongly
suspected to becaused by bacteria.
375-750mg
BID
75mg 1tab BID
Contraindicated inindividuals with a
history ofhypersensitivity
reactions to any ofthe penicillins
fever sore throatheadache with
a severe
blistering,peeling, and
red skinrash
diarrhea that iswatery or
bloody; or
fever, chills,body aches, flu
symptoms.
nauseavomitingstomach painbloating, gasvaginal itching
or discharge;;
itching;swollen, black,or "hairy"
tongue;
Observe 10 righin giving medicatio
Right to:-Medication
-Time-Route
-Client
-Assessment- Dosage-Evaluation
-Client Education-Documenta-
Tion-Refuse
May taken withwithout food.
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thrush (whitepatches or
inside yourmouth or
throat); or
pain, swelling,or other
irritation wherethe needle is
placed.
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DRUG STUDY
Generic
Name
Brand
Name
Classification Mode of Action Indication Usual
Dose
Actual
Dose
Contraindication Side Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
N
AP
RO
XE
N+
OM
EP
RA
ZO
L
S
KE
LA
N
PR
OT
EC
T
NSAIDs
Analgesic(nonopioid)
Analgesic, anti-
inflammatory, andantipyretic
activities largelyrelated to
inhibition ofprostaglandin
synthesis; exactmechanism of
action is unknown.
It reduces swelling,
inflammation andpain, and is used for
the relief of mild tomoderately severe
pain accompaniedby inflammation.
250-
500mg POTID
5mg IV
now then25mg 1
tab OD
Contraindicated
with patient withallergy to
naproxen, otherNSAIDs, and
salicylates.
CNS:
Headache,dizziness,
insomnia, fatigue,tiredness
DERMATOLOGI
C:Rash, sweating,
stomatitis
GI:Nausea, dyspnea,
GI pain, diarrhea,vomiting,
constipation,flatulence
GU:
Renalimpairement,
hematuria,dysuria
Observe 10 righin giving medicatioRight to:
-Medication-Time
-Route-Client
-Assessment- Dosage
-Evaluation-Client Education
-Documenta-Tion
-Refuse
Instruct to takedrug with meal ofood.
Instruct thepatient not to che
cut or crush thedrug.
Inform the patieabout the differen
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HEMATOLOGIC
:Bleeding platelet
inhibition wihhigher doses,
aplastic anemia,
menorrhagia
RESPIRATORY:
Dyspnea,hemoptysis,
bronchospasm,rhinitis
OTHER:
Peripheral edema
side effects thatmay occur.
Report sorethroat, fever, rash
weight gain, chanin vision, and bla
tarry stool.
DRUG STUDY
GenericName
BrandName
Classification Mode of Action Indication UsualDose
ActualDose
Contraindication Side Effects NursingResponsibilities
SP
IR
ON
OL
AC
TO
NE
AL
DA
ZI
DE
Aldosteroneantagonist;
Potassium-sparing
diuretic
Competitivelyblocks the effects
of aldosterone inthe renal tubule,
causing loss ofsodium and water
and retention ofpotassium.
Diagnosis andmaintenance of
primaryhypertension.
Treatment ofhypokalemia in
patients whowould be at risk if
hypokalemiaoccurred.
25, 50,100mg
tab OD Contraindicatedwith allergy to
spironolactone,hyperkalemia,
renal disease,anuria, amiloride
or triamterene use.
CNS:Dizziness,
headache,drowsiness,
fatigue, ataxia,confusion
DERMATOLOGI
C:Rash, urticaria
GI:
Cramping,diarrhea, dry
Observe 10 righin giving medicatio
Right to:-Medication
-Time-Route
-Client-Assessment
- Dosage-Evaluation
-Client Education-Documenta-
Tion-Refuse
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+B
UL
TI
Z
IDE
mouth, thirst,vomiting
GU:
Impotence,irregular menses,
amenorrhea,
postmenopausalbleeding
HEMATOLOGIC:
Hyperkalemia,hyponatremia,
agranulocytosis
OTHER:Deepening of the
voice, birsutism
Give daily doseearly so that
increasing urinatidoesnt interfere
with sleep.
Avoid givingfood rich in
potassium.
Weigh patient o
a regular basis, atthe same time and
in the sameclothing, and
record.
Inform the patieabout the sideeffects of the drug
Report weightchange of more
than 3 pounds in day, swelling in
ankles or fingers,dizziness, and
muscle weaknesscramps.
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