Concrete Const Ergo Pres Rev2

8/14/2019 Concrete Const Ergo Pres Rev2

1/15

Building Through Design and

Construction

Peregrin Spielholz


2/15

Most Frequent HazardousExposures in Construction

Awkward Postures Particularly Shoulder and Back

High Repetition

High Hand Force

Contact stress

e.g., using hand or knee as a hammer

Manual Materials Handling

(heavy,frequent,awkward) High Hand/Arm Vibration

Intensity

Frequency

duration


3/15

Sustained or Repetitive Awkward Postures-

So what?

Increase fatigue

Reduce

productivity

Reduce Quality

Increase risk of

WMSDs & falls


4/15

Where Design Can Make aDifference

Access for material and equipment

Size and weight of materials

Modular buildings

Roofing and guarding


5/15

Design for Material andEquipment Access

Equipment & materialneed to be delivered /removed during and afterconstruction

Design of vertical wallhatches on all floors canprovide access formachine stocking

Mechanized lifting greatly

reduces the chance ofinjury and cost of the job


6/15

Design for Material andEquipment Access (cont.)

Hatch access provided

(common for commercialstocking)

Hatch access provided -

improved (ramp built up towindow sill level)


7/15

Size and Weight of Materials

Using large diameterrebar instead ofsmaller diameter rodscan increase lifting

risks, but reduce handrepetition from tying

Smaller diameter rods(#4 or #5) may be

tied using a poweredtier in the future


8/15

Modular Building

Use of standarddimensionsthroughout a buildingcan make pre-assembly or re-use of

gang forms possible Use of pre-fabricatedcomponents reduceshuman and materialcosts of construction

on-site


9/15

Modular Building (cont.)

Pre-fabricated components canreduce time and physical stressof installation in awkwardpositions on-site

Design should includestorage/staging areas, craneand building access

Embedding anchors in concretefor fall protection, HVAC,piping, and equipment cangreatly reduce overhead workand exposure to vibration


10/15

Modular Building (cont.)

Using pre-cast concreteand masonry can reducesafety and ergonomicsrisks on-site

Building construction can

be faster and less prone todelay or clutter

Build-in cut-outs, anchorpoints, uni-strut channel inceiling to minimize

awkward postures andvibration exposure


11/15

Roofing and Guarding

Unbroken roof areas allowuse of mechanizedequipment

Placing HVAC and otherequip. on the ground, side,

or in a penthouse can easeconstruction andmaintenance

Roof structures thatsupport equipment can

speed up work and helpprotect workers


12/15

Roofing and Guarding(cont.)

High parapet walls(42) are wanted byall trades to eliminatethe need for fall

protection

High window sillswould reduce the

installation of extraguarding


13/15

Human Cost: General DesignIdeas

Minimize overhead or floor-level work Installation of electrical, plumbing and HVAC in walls can be

more easily accessible

Consider permanent catwalks for installation andmaintenance of tall, long span structures

Consider the Order of Installation

Can electrical be installed before HVAC?

Minimize the number of confined spaces

Design permanent lighting and handrails to be

constructed early in the project


14/15

Human Cost: GeneralDesign Ideas (cont.)

Larger, unbroken slabsand walls allow use ofequipment such asriding trowel machines

Design for Future

Renovation and Repair Access for equipmentand materials

Easily replaceablesections and material


15/15

Looking to the Future

Large opportunity to both protect workers andreduce construction costs through attention tohuman costs during design and building

Partnerships between architects, engineers andbuilders, particularly at early stages?

Ergonomics and human factors training forarchitects?

Projects to investigate costs and solutions?

Concrete Const Ergo Pres Rev2

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