;+;bLo kqsfl/tf · ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh •r •;'zf;g / ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf =====;f]daxfb'/ yfkf...

;+;bLo kqsfl/tf

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh

;+;bLo kqsfl/tf

k|sfzs M ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh l;+xb/af/, sf7df8f}“ . www.jspa.org.np [email protected]

;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb| k'mofn

;+:s/0f M @)&# c;f]h ÷ klxnf]

;jf{lwsf/ M k|sfzsdf

cfj/0f M nId0f s];L

t:jL/ ;f}hGo M bLk]z >]i7 M zflnu|fd ltjf/L

d'b|0f M cNkfO{g ckm;]6 k|];, cgfdgu/

k|sflzt k|lt M !)))

k|sfzg ;xof]u M ;+;b ;xof]u kl/of]hgf÷o'Pg8LkL

o; k':tsdf cleJoQm ljrf/ n]vsx?sf lghL x'g\ . To;n] k|sfzs / ;xof]uL ;+:yfsf] wf/0ff k|ltlglwTj ub}{g .

• s

klxnf] k|of;

;+;bLo kqsfl/tf ;dfrf/ ;ª\sngsf] Ps ljlzi6s[t If]q xf] . g]kfndf ;+;bLo cEof;sf] Tolt w]/} nfdf] Oltxf; 5}g . @))& sf] hgqmflGtn] b]zdf k|hftGq :yfkgf u/] klg zf;sLo :j?ksf] 6'ª\uf] nfUg ;s]g . ;f“Rr} eGg] xf] eg] To;otfsf] ^% jif{ nfdf] /fhgLlts ;ª\3if{ zf;sLo :j?ks} jl/kl/ 3'ld/x]sf] 5 . lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwåf/f lgld{t ;+ljwfgåf/f zf;g Joj:yf ;~rfng ul/g] tTsfnLg zfxL 3f]if0ff -/fhf lqe'jgaf6 @))& kmfu'g &_df JoQm k|lta4tf cg'?k ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ul/Pg . ljb]zL ljz]if1;d]tsf] ;+nUgtfdf cfof]uåf/f lgld{t / /fhfåf/f hf/L g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, @)!% n] :yflkt u/]sf] klxnf] ;+;bLo Joj:yf sl/a !* dlxgf -@)!^ h]7 !^ b]lv @)!& k'; ! ;Dd_ dfq} cEof;df /x\of] .

@)$^ r}t @^ df k'gM:yflkt ;+;bLo Joj:yf klg @)%( c;f]h !* df zfxL sf]kefhgdf k¥of] . cyf{t\ ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] bf];|f] ;+:s/0f klg sl/a !@ jif{eGbf nfdf] x'g kfPg . @)^@÷^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngn] k'gM:yflkt u/]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfn] eg] ljleGg jfwf–cj/f]wsf aLr lg/Gt/tf kfPsf] 5 . o;aLrdf klg ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] bfloTj k"/f gu/L cj;fg ePsf] klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efkl5sf] s]xL ;do d'n'sn] u}/bnLo ;/sf/sf] cEof; u/]sf] tLtf] oyfy{ xfd|f;fd' 5 . t/ klg, hglgjf{lrt

k|sfzsLo÷;DkfbsLo

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh • v

b'O{j6} ;+ljwfg;efdf ePsf] nfdf] ax;÷5nkmnkl5 d'n'sn] g]kfnL df}lnstf;lxtsf] ;+;bLo Joj:yf g} ;+:yfut u/]sf] 5 . gof“ ;+ljwfgn] zf;sLo :j?knfO{ ;d]t kl/jt{gLo wf/fdf /fv]sfn] eljiodf klg o;df /fd|} 5nkmn ug]{ af6f] eg] aGb ePsf] 5}g . t/, ;+ljwfgn] /fli6«o Pstf / ef}uf]lns cv08tf / nf]stflGqs Joj:yfnfO{ ckl/jt{gLo ljifosf ?kdf lglZrt u/]sf] xf] . :jtGq k|];sf] ;/f]sf/ zf;sLo :j?ksf] gfd geO{ nf]stflGqs k|0ffnL / dfgj clwsf/sf ljZjJofkL d"No–dfGotfdf x'g'k5{ .

:jtGq k|]; v'nf ax'njfbL ;dfh / nf]stflGqs /fhgLlts Joj:yfsf] cfwf/e"t tÎj xf], cfwf/:tDe xf] . hgpQ/bfoL nf]stflGqs Joj:yfdf :jtGq k|];n] sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf / Gofokflnsfh:tf ;/sf/sf tLgj6} cª\usf] …jfr8uÚsf] sfd u5{ . s'g} 7fp“df kqsfl/tfsf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 eGg] x]/]/ To; b]zsf] /fhgLlts k|0ffnL, ;fdflhs Joj:yf / nf]stflGqs ;+:sf/ s:tf] 5 eGg] tYo w]/} xb;Dd olsg ug{ ;lsG5 . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df klg nf]stflGqs cEof; ePsf a]nfdf dfq} :jtGq k|];sf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / Jofj;flostfsf] cEof; ;Dej ePsf] 5 . t;y{, /fhgLlts Joj:yfaf/] xfdLn] /fVg] rf;f] s]jn /fhgLltsf nflu xf]Og, ;du| ;fdflhs k4lt / Jofj;flostfsf nflu xf] . g]kfndf d"nwf/sf] Jofj;flos kqsfl/tfsf] e"ldsf klg sdL–sdhf]/Lsf afah'b gful/s clwsf/sf] kIfkf]if0f, nf]stGqsf] ;+:yfut ljsf;, ;'zf;g / kf/bzL{tfsf] cleoGtfs} ?kdf /x]sf] 5 .

Jofj;flos kqsfl/tfdf ljwfut kqsfl/tfsf] ljlzi6 :yfg x'G5 . To;df klg /fHo;Qfsf] s]Gb|sf ?kdf ;+;b\, ;+;bLo ;ldlt, ;f+;b / ;du| ;+;bLo dfldnf hg;/f]sf/sf ljifo x'g\ . lgoGq0f / ;Gt'ngsf] l;4fGt cg';f/ ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf sfo{kflnsfsf] lgdf{0f / lgoGq0f ;+;b\n] g} u5{ . t;y{, sfo{kflnsf hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL x'g] eg]sf] ;+;b\dfkm{t g} xf] . /fHo ;~rfngdf olt w]/} dxÎj ePsf] ;fj{ef}d ;+;b\sf ;du| lqmofsnfk ;fdflhs rf;f]sf ljifo x'g\ . ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfn] oxL ;fdflhs ;"rgf cfjZostfsf] kl/k"lt{df ;3fp k'¥ofp“5 . t/, ;du| ;+;bLo cEof; g} 5f]6f] /x]sf] xfd|f] b]zsf ;Gbe{df ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf klg l;sf? r/0fdf 5 . xfdL cfg} s]xL d"No dfGotf, cGt/f{li6玱

• u

;Gbe{ / ;"rgf k|ljlwn] NofPsf] gjLgtd ljsf;sf] ;Gbe{df ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf] cEof; ul//x]sf 5f}?

g]kfndf klxnf] ;+;bLo Joj:yf, k'gM:yflkt ax'bnLo Joj:yf / k'gM:yflkt k|ltlglw;efotfsf ;a} ;bg -b'O{j6f ;+ljwfg;ef;d]t_ k|];sf nflu v'nf lyP÷5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do ;a}h;f] ;+;bLo ;ldltsf a}7sx? kqsf/dfkm{t ;j{;fwf/0fsf] kx'“rdf 5g\ . ;+;bLo cEof;df ljlw lgdf{0f / ;fj{hlgs kbflwsf/Lsf sfdsf] d"Nofª\sgsf] vf; sfd ;+;bLo ;ldltx?df x'G5 . ;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7s t w]/} xb;Dd ;+;bLo ;ldlt–pk;ldltdf ePsf lg0f{osf] cf}krfl/s 3f]if0ff ug]{ :yfg xf] . oBlk, ;+;bLo ;ldltn] k|fKt ug]{ If]qflwsf/ eg] k"0f{ ;bgs} k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ dfq} xf] . ldl8ofsf] ljlzi6 bfloTjnfO{ d"Nofª\sg u/]/} x'g'k5{, ;+;b\sf lgjf{lrt ;b:ox?n] ;+;bLo kqsf/x?nfO{ ;bg / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf …kb]g ;b:oÚ eGg yfn]sf 5g\ . ;Ddfgsf] of] ku/Ln] xfdLnfO{ pT;flxt dfq xf]Og, yk lhDd]jf/ agfPsf] 5 .

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh ;bg, ;+;bLo ;ldlt / ;+;b\sf ;du| lqmofsnfknfO{ d'Vo …la6Ú agfP/ kqsfl/tf ug]{ Jofj;flos kqsf/x?sf] ;femf ;+:yf xf] . o;n] ;+;bLo kqsf/sf] cg'ej cfbfgk|bfg, Jofj;flos bIftf clej[l4 / ;+;bLo dfldnfsf] k|fl1s cWoognfO{ cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L 7fg]sf] 5? &;+;bLo kqsfl/tf?o;}sf] klxnf] k|of; xf]? tkfO{+sf] ;'emfj / k|ltlqmofn] xfd|f] cfufdL af6f] cem ;xh / Jojl:yt agfpg] 5? k|sfzgsf] of] klxnf] k|of;df s]xL sdhf]/L / q'l6 x'g ;S5g\? ltgnfO{ ;Rofpg] tTk/tf kqsf/ cfrf/;+lxtfsf] cfwf/e"t ljifo xf] . xfd|f cfufdL sfd yk ljlzi6s[t x'g] 5g\ .

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;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh • #

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ljifo ;"rL

• ;+;b\,;f+;b / ;dfrf/ ================================= k|fWofks kL= v/]n !

• hgk|ltlglw ;+:yfdf kqsf/sf] kx'“r =================== w|'jxl/ clwsf/L &

• ;+;b\df :jfy{sf] åGå ===========================================s[i0f vgfn !%

• klxnf] ;+;b\df l/kf]l6{ª ===========================================e}/j l/;fn @#

• ;+;bLo ;dfrf/ / kqsf/sf] cfrf/0f ======================lzj ufp“n] @(

• ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfdf ljsf;sf d'2f ========================= df]xg d}gfnL ##

• ;+;b\ / ldl8ofM nf]stGqsf b'O{ vDaf ================= xl/axfb'/ yfkf $!

• ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfdf ;"rgfsf] xs ====================== ls/0f kf]v/]n %#

• ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf r'gf}tL ==================================== /fh]Gb| k'mofn %(

• ;+;b\sf nflu …gof“ ;~rf/dfWodÚ ======================== km0fLGb| bfxfn ^(

• kmf]6f] lkmr/ ========================================================================== &#

• hgk|ltlwsf]] …jfr8uÚ ============================================cf]g;/L 3tL{ &&

• ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf kqsfl/tfsf] e"ldsf =============;'jf;rGb| g]Djfª *#

• k'gM:yflkt ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf :jtGq k|];sf] ljsf; tf/fgfy /fgfef6 (&

• b/jf/df ax'bnsf] lvNnL p8fOGYof] ===================== /fdrGb| kf}8]n !)!

• g]kfndf ;+;bLo Joj:yf …xf“; g s'v'/fsf] rfnÚ ===bdggfy 9'ª\ufgf !)$

• ;+;b / kqsfl/tf ======================================== 6]sk|;fb 9'ª\ufgf !)(

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh • r

• ;'zf;g / ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf ============================;f]daxfb'/ yfkf !@!

• ljlw Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw ========================================= d's'Gb zdf{ !@%

• gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] klxnf] jif{ ================================= 6Lsf/fd e§/fO{ !##

• kmf]6f] lkmr/ ==========================================================================

• klxnf] lgjf{lrt ;+;b\ / kqsfl/tf =========================hut g]kfn !$%

• a]nfotdf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª =================================== ch{'g e08f/L !%$

• ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf] xfd|f] cg'ej ============================ 6ª\s kGt !%(

• ;+;b / kqsfl/tf =============================================== lji0f' ;'j]bL !^#

• ;+;bLo ;ldltx?sf] cEof; ====================================OZj/L ;'j]bL !^&

• …ldgL kfln{ofd]G6Úsf] l/kf]l6{ª ================================== ;'zLn kGt !&@

• …ljlwsf lgdf{tf ljsf;] sfo{stf{Ú =========================gf/fo0f sfˆn] !*!

• ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf ;dfh M lxhf] / cfh ====================jljg zdf{ !*(

• 1

kL v/]n

k|rf/sf nflu dfq ;lqmo b]lvg] ;f+;b jf bnsf g]tfx?sf ;ª\sL0f{ ;f]r /

:jfy{sf nflu cgfxsdf ltgsf ;xof]uL aGgaf6 ;dfrf/sdL{ ;bf ;ts{ /xg'kg]{

x'G5 .

;+;b\, ;f+;b / ;dfrf/

;dfrf/ / ljrf/n] ;dfhdf s] s:tf] k|efj kfg{ ;S5 eGg] cy{df ;+;b\ / /fHosf] rf}yf] cª\usf] ;DaGwnfO{ lgofNg ;lsG5 . /fHosf tLg k|d'v ;+j}wflgs cª\u dflgPsf / dxÎjk"0f{ e"ldsf kfPsf sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf tyf Gofokflnsfsf] k[i7e"lddf kqsfl/tf If]q rf}yf] xf“uf]sf ?kdf kl/lrt / cfkm"n] lgefPsf] bfloTj cg';f/ k|z+l;t 5 . ;dfrf/ hut\sf] cfwf/ g} :jt:km"t{ hgcfjfh / hgljZjf; xf] .

cflv/ of] If]q rf}yf] cª\u dflgPsf] To;} cjZo xf]Og . o:tf] ljj/0f / ;Ddfg b'O{ ztfAbLeGbf a9Lb]lv sfod x'“b} cfPsf] 5 . rf}yf] cª\un] kfPsf] ljZjJofkL dfGotfsf] cfˆgf] Oltxf; 5 . /fHosf tLg k|d'v cª\u -sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf tyf Gofokflnsf_sf ;fy} kqsfl/tf hut\nfO{ csf]{ yk cª\u dfg]/ lrlqt u/]sf] kfOG5 . o;f] ug'{df s]xLn] a]nfotnfO{ >]o lbPsf 5g\ . csf]{ ;d"xsf] egfO klg sd ;zQm 5}g . k|mfG;df !& !* cf} ztfAbLdf lq;bgfTds Joj:yf lyof] M klxnf]

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh • 2

;bgn] wgf9\ox?sf] k|ltlglwTj uYof]{ eg] bf];|f] / t];|f]n] qmdzM wd{u'¿ / ;j{;fwf/0fsf] k|ltlglwTj . Toxf“sf n'O{ /fhfx? zlQm Psflwsf/df ljZjf; ug]{ ePsfn] ;bgnfO{ ;d:of jf cfˆgf] k|lt:kwL{ 7fGy] . o:tf] c;lhnf] cj:yfsf sf/0f ;bg Tolt ;zQm x'g kfPg .

;dfrf/kqx? o'/f]ksf cGo /fi6«x?, h:t} M k|mfG;df klg 5\ofk5\ofKtL lyP, h;sf] kf7s;dIfsf] kx'“r, k|efj / k|lti7fsf] a9f]Q/L x'g uof] . ;bgdf k|qsf/ tyf cGo n]vsx?sf] ;d"xn] cf]u6\g] :yfg ;f+;bx?sf nflu ljz]if cfsif{0f aGof] tL sndhLjLx?sf] Wofgsfif{0f . o; ;Gbe{df kqsf/bL3f{ ;f+;bx?sf nflu Ps k|sf/sf] s]Gb|ljGb' g} aGg yfNof] . qmlds ?kdf …rf}yf] cª\uÚ eg]/ cvaf/L hut\ ;f+;bx?dfem lrlgg yfNof] . o;n] cGo ljåfg\x?sf ;fy} cfdhgtfaf6 klg To:tf] dfGotf kfof] . kl5 uP/ t nG8gaf6 k|sflzt k|l;4 ‘b 6fOD;’ b}lgssf ;DkfbsnfO{ s]xL ;do a]nfotL ;/sf/n] n'sLl5kL cfly{s ;xof]u lbP/ cfˆgf] kIfdf ;dfrf/ / ljrf/ k|sflzt ug]{ aGbf]j:t ldnfof]?

aL;f}“ ztfAbLsf] ;'¿b]lv t kqsf/n] hxf“hxf“ kfOnf 6]s], Toxf“ :jtM rf}yf] cª\usf] pkl:ylt dflgg yflnof] . a]nfotsf] ;+;b\df ‘k|]; Uofn]/L’sf] Joj:yf ul/of] / o:tf] k|rngsf] cg';/0f cGo /fi6«x?df klg x'“b} uof] . t/, ;'¿df ;f+;bx? Joj:yflksfdf x'g] 5nkmnaf/] ;dfrf/ gagf];\ eGg] c8fgdf lyP . s]xL kqsf/n] 5b\de]ifL cfj/0fdf ;+;bLo 5nkmnsf] lj:t[t hfgsf/L cfgf 5fkfdfkm{t kf7s;dIf k' fpg yfn]? To:tf kqsf/sf] ;+;b\sf] bz{sbL3f{df klxrfg ug{ c;kmn k|of; klg eof]? a?, of] c;kmntf ha ;j{;fwf/0fn] yfxf kfP, ta ;Dk"0f{ 36gf /f]rs aGof] / kf7s pT;'stfsf ;fy} ;sf/fTds ;dy{g /ftf/ft a9\of]? cGttM ;f+;bx?n] cfgf wf/0f abn] / hgrf;f]nfO{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg kqsf/x?sf nflu ;+;b\ If]qdf 5'§} :yfgsf] Joj:yf u/] . kqsf/bL3f{n] dfGotf dfq kfPg, ;f+;bx?af6 rf}yf] cª\usf] Wofgfsif{0fsf nflu lgof]lht k|of; x'g yfNof] .

g]kfndf lj=;+= @))& sf] k|hftflGqs qmflGtkl5 kqsfl/tf If]q qmlds ?kdf ljsl;t x'“b} uof] . lj=;+= @)!^ b]lv ;+;bLo ultljlwn] :yfgLo cvaf/df k|fyldstf kfpg yfNof] . d'n''ssf] klxnf] lgjf{lrt ;bgdf lgoldt ;+jfbbftf /x]/ sfd ug]{ hLljt kqsf/ x'g\ e}/j l/;fn . To; ;do gfd rn]sf] lghL If]qaf6 k|sflzt …xfn va/Ú b}lgsfdf sfo{/t l/;fnsf cg';f/

;+;bLo kqsfl/tf • 3

lj=;+= @)!^–!& sf] ;+;b\df ;b:ox? kqsf/bL3f{lt/ x]/Lx]/L ;efd'vnfO{ ;Daf]wg uy{] / To;f] ug'{df pgLx?sf] cfgf egfOn] ;dfrf/ dfWoodf /fd|f] :yfg kfcf];\ eGg] ;lqmo cfzf xf]? cflv/ cfdhgtfdf s'g ;f+;bn] s:tf] ljifo p7fof] / s] wf/0ff /fVof] eGg] hfgsf/L Ps} ;oddf w]/}nfO{ k' fpg] dfWod g} ;dfrf/ ;]jf xf]? s'g} ;f+;bsf] cg'xf/ nuftf/ kqsf/bL3f{df hfbf k|ltlglw;efsf ;efd'v s[i0fk|;fb e?fO{ cflht eP/ To:tf ;f+;bnfO{ cfkm"lt/ s]lGb|t x'g Wofgfsif{0f ug{ afWo x'Gy]?

k~rfotsfndf lj=;+= @)#& sf] hgdt;ª\u|xcl3 rf}yf] cª\usf nflu Wofg lbP/ To; ;dosf] Ps ;bgfTds /fli6«o k~rfot ;lrjfnoaf6 ;bgdf ePsf 5nkmn / ;bgsf cGo ultljlwaf/] ;fdu|L tof/ x'GYof] . o:tf] hfgsf/L cvaf/df k7fOGYof] . ;/sf/L cvaf/ tyf /]l8of]df t ;f] ;fdu|Lsf] Jofks k|of]u x'GYof] . lj=;+= @)#* b]lv cvaf/x?df cfg} ;|f]taf6 klg Joj:yflksfsf] ;dfrf/ ;ª\sng x'g yfNof]? t}klg, lghL If]qsf cvaf/df /fli6玱 ;dfrf/ ;ldlt4f/f k|]lift ;fdu|Ls} k|of]u a9L x'GYof]?

hgcfjfhsf] k|ltlglwTj xf];\ eGg] Wo]on] ;+;b\sf] cfjZostf k5{ . To;}n] lgoldt ljjf{rgaf6 r'lgPsf k|ltlglwx? s:tf 5nkmn, ts{ / lg0f{o u5{g\, To;sf] plrt hfgsf/L lbg] dfWodsf] :yfg kqsfl/tfn] kfp“b} cfPsf] 5 . ;+;b\n] ;+ljwfgnfO{ /fi6«sf] cfwf/e"t sfg'g dfg]/ ljleGg ljw]osdfly 5nkmn u/]/ cGo sfg'g agfpg] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf] x'G5 . tL sfg'g nfu" ug]{ lhDdf ;/sf/sf] xf] eg] sfg'gsf] JofVof ug]{ clGtd lgsfo Gofokflnsf xf] . o;/L ;/sf/L cª\ux?dWo] ;+;b\n] g} cfdhgtfsf] ;aeGbf k|ToIf k|ltlglwTj u5{ . lhDd]jf/L ;a}sf] cxd\ x'G5 t/ ;f+;bsf nflu lgjf{rg k|0ffnL / k|lqmof Jofks /xG5 .

To;} sf/0f ;dfrf/dfWod -5fkf, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg tyf cgnfOg ;dfrf/_df ;Defljt lhDd]jf/Lsf] s;L ljlzi6 vfnsf] 5 . klxnf t ;a} ;dfrf/ lgsfox? ;+;bLo lqmofsnfknfO{ cfˆgf] sfo{If]qdf kf5{g\ eGg] 5}g? To:t} v]ns'b s]lGb|t, ;f“emdf k|sflzt x'g] b}lgsdf o; ljifon] vf;} :yfg kfp“b}g . klZrdf /fi6«x?df v]ns'b s]lGb|t ;GWofsfnLg b}lgs ;dfrf/kq 5flkG5g\ . cGo ;GWofsfnLg b}lgsdf eg] ;+;b\sf klxNnf 36gfx? ;d]l6G5g\ . cfhsf] a9\bf] OG6/g]6sf] k|of]un] To:tf 5fkfnfO{ dlng kfb}{5 .


;+;b\df k|:t't x'g] ljw]os / cg'df]lbt sfg'gsf] lr/kmf/ g]kfnL ;dfrf/ dfWoddf cem} klg Go"g 5 . ljw]os jf sfg'gdf /x]sf k|fjwfg / ;Defljt kl/0ffd s;nfO{ / s;/L h:tf sf]0faf6 ljZn]if0f ug{ ;lsG5 . ;+;b\n] ckgfPsf] k|0ffnL / k|lqmof s'g ltly / s:tf] ljlwaf6 k|]l/t lyP h:tf kIf klg ;dfrf/sf b[li6n] dxÎjk"0f{ x'G5 . s'g ;Gbe{ / s:tf] cj:yfdf 36gf eof] jf s'g k|lqmof cufl8 a9\of] jf c8\Sof] eGg] s'/fn] ;du| j:t'l:ylt :ki6 kfg{ ;xof]u k'¥ofp“5 .

Jofj;flos l;4fGt / zflQmsf] cfwf/ g} tYok/s ;"rgf xf] . ljifosf] 5gf]6 / To;df lglxt tYo, ;Gt'ng, efiff, z}nL / ;du| :t/n] k|]|ifssf] jf:tljs kl/ro lbG5 . k|ljlw, ljifo ;fdu|L / k|:t'ltaf6 ;dfrf/dfWod 5'6\ofpg klg ;lsG5 .

g]kfndf ax'bnLo /fhgLlts k|0ffnLsf] k'gMaxfnLkl5sf bzsx?df lghL If]qaf6 ;~rf/dfWoddf nufgL x\jfQ} a9]sf] 5 . sl/a kf“r ;o Pkm=Pd= /]l8of] tyf !% j6fhlt Jofks kx'“r ePsf 6]lnlehg k|;f/0f ;]jf ;~rfngdf cfO;s]sf 5g\ . sf7df8f}“ pkTosfaf6 dfq emG8} @) j6f 7"nf cfsf/sf / pkTosfaflx/af6 nueu Ps ;oj6f 7"nf / ;fgf cfsf/sf b}lgs k|sflzt 5g\ . ;+;b\ / ;f+;bsf ultljlw ;dfrf/ ljZn]if0fsf l:ylt ;bf x'G5 . t/, ;Defjgf / cj;/ Pp6f kIf xf] eg] csf]{ dxÎjk"0f{ kf6f] pknAw cj;/sf] k|of]u / :t/ xf] .

;+;b\ ;b:ox?n] hgrf;f]sf s:tf ljifo, cfdhgtfsf] ;fd"lxs lxtsf nflu s:tf ;'emfj Pjd\ k|:tfj NofP / cf–cfˆgf] r'gfj If]qsf ;fy} /fli6玱 d'2faf/] s;/L k|:t't eP eGg]h:tf ofjt\ ljifo lgofn]/ 36gfk|wfg ;dfrf/ / ljZn]if0f bx|f] lsl;daf6 kf7s, >f]tf tyf bz{s;dIf Jofj;flos dfGotf cg'?k k]; ug'{ g} kqsf/sf] wd{ xf]?

s]xL 7"nf cfsf/sf 5fkfn] cGo dfWodsf] bf“hf]df cln lgoldt / obfsbf JofVofTds tyf cfSsnem'Ssn vf]h kqsfl/tf u/]sf] kfOG5 . t/, ^ ;o %) hlt b}lgs cvaf/, /]l8of] / 6]lnlehg ;]jf ;~rfngdf /x]sf] ;Gbe{df ;+;bLo ultljlw / hgcfjfhaLrsf] tfnd]naf/] lj:t[t ljZn]if0f;lxtsf] hfgsf/L rf}yf] cª\uaf6 cfzf ul/G5 . g]kfnL kqsfl/tf If]qsf] j[l4 h'g ultdf /x]sf] 5, To; cg'?k ;+;b\–;f+;bsf lqmofsnfkaf/] :t/ psf:g yk ;do, hf“u/ / ;Lk nufgL h?/L x'G5 .


rf}yf] cª\un] hgljZjf; lg/Gt/ cfh{gsf nflu ;+;b\df s:tf ljifon] k|j]z / k|>o kfP dfq geP/ s'g If]q / s:tf] d'2f cf]em]ndf k/] jf kfl/of] h:tf s'/fdf ;fj{hlgs rf;f] x'G5 . ;"rgflagf gful/s ;r]t x'“b}g / ;r]t gful/ssf] cefjdf ;zQm gful/saf6 ;';"lrt ;lqmotf x'“b}g .

ax'njfbL /fhgLlts jftfj/0fdf bnx?sf cjwf/0ffkqsf ;fy} ;fj{hlgs jQmJo / lj1lKtsf ;fy g]tfx?sf egfO / JofVof cg';f/ ;+;b\df ljleGg d'2faf/] k|ltljlDat eP÷gePsf] hfgsf/L / ljZn]if0f rf}yf] cª\un] k]; ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . r'gfjL 3f]if0ffkqn] klxNofPsf] af6f] / u/]sf] afrf bnx?n] ;+;b\df s;/L lnP eGg] s'/f ;dfrf/sf] csf]{ If]q xf] . ;+;bLo k|0ffnL, k|lqmof tyf bnx?n] cª\uLsf/ u/]sf k|fyldstfsf cfwf/, cj;/ / ;Defljt c;/af/] ;dfrf/dfWodaf6 ;Dk|]if0fsf] ck]Iff /flvG5 .

/]l8of], 6]lnlehg / cgnfOg ;dfrf/dfWodsf Jofj;flos d"No / dfGotf cg'?k ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfn] tof/ ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df hgk|ltlglwx? o:tf klg kfOPsf 5g\, hf] ;+;bLo 5nkmndf efu} glng], cfˆgf] pkl:ylt klg clt sd /fVg] / k|:tfljt ljifo / ljw]osdfly rf;f] / cWoogdf kof{Kt ;do lbg g;Sg] 5g\? ;txL l6Kk0fL ug]{, ;dy{g jf lj/f]wsf nflu dfq k|rf/ vf]Hg];u ;+jfbbftf ;r]t /xG5? k|rf/sf nflu dfq ;lqmo b]lvg] ;f+;b jf bnsf g]tfx?sf ;ª\sL0f{ ;f]r / :jfy{sf nflu cgfxsdf ltgsf ;xof]uL aGgaf6 ;dfrf/sdL{ ;bf ;ts{ /xg'kg]{ x'G5 .

g]kfndf ljz]iftM ljut Ps bzsdf ;bgsf] k"j{3f]lift sfo{tflnsf af/Daf/ ;fl/g], bnsf zLif{:y g]tfx? / dGqLx?sf] pkl:ylt Hofb} Go"g x'g] / ;f+;bx?sf] Go"gtd pkl:ylt ;ª\Vof -sf]/d_ gk'Ug] cj:yfaf/] lj:t[t JofVof / ;f+;bx?sf] egfO ;d]l6Psf] ;dfrf/n] ljBdfg kl/l:yltsf] plrt hfgsf/L cfdg]kfnLdfem k]; ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . em§ x]bf{ / ;'Gbf hl6n / lg/; nfUg] ljifo ;/n z}nLdf To;sf] ;"Id ljZn]if0f ePdf ;dfr/ /f]rs tyf 1fgj4{s x'G5 . ;+;b\df k|j]z x'g] ljifonfO{ o:tf] b[li6 k'¥ofp“bf ;f+;b, ;/sf/ / ;j{;fwf/0fdf ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z hfG5 .

sfg'gsdL{afx]ssf lj1 klg ;+;b\df cfPsf ljw]os / 5nkmndf cfPsf cGo d'2fdfly cf–cfgf ljrf/ cfslif{t ug]{ st{Jo rf}yf] cª\usf] xf] . ;+;b\df p7fOPsf] ljifosf] sfof{Gjog kIf s:tf] /x\of] / nlIft ;d"xnfO{ s]] c;/ k¥of] h:tf kIf klg ;+;bLo ;dfrf/stf{sf] If]qleq k5{ .


;dli6df, ;dfrf/ tof/ ug'{ Pp6f ;fx|} dxÎjk"0f{ sfo{If]q xf] . o;nfO{ ;dfrf/ u[xn] ljlzi6Ls[t ;]jfsf] dfGotf Jojxf/df ;+:yfsf k|d'vx?n] lbPdf ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfx?df yk pT;fx / hf“u/ ldNg] 5 . o; sfo{If]qdf ;+nUg kqsf/n] ;+;b\ rn]sf a]nf laxfg, lbp“;f] / ;f“em / k6sk6s /ftL ca]/;Dd ;dfrf/ ;ª\sng ug'{sf ;fy} ylst cj:ydf g} ;DkfbsLo ljefun] tf]s]sf] ;do;Ldfleq tYoo'Qm, uxg, ;Gt'lnt ;fdu|L /f]rs / k|efjsf/L lsl;dn] tof/ kfg'{ sd r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5}g .

kqsf/ cfkm}“n] o:tf] ;+nUgtf tyf kl/>daf6 k|fKt 1fg / ;Lkaf6 lj1sf] :yfg kfp“5 / pm h'g ;dfrf/ dfWoddf ;/] klg tL u'0f p;};“u x'G5 . ;fy}, o:tf] k[i7e"ldsf x:tL cg';Gwfg / lstfa n]vgdf klg tNnLg x'g ;S5g\ . cfkm"n] b]v]sf, hfg]sf, ef]u]sf Pjd\ cg'ej ;d]6]/ k|:t't ul/Psf To:tf ;fdu|L ;+;b\, ;f+;b, ;dfh ;a}nfO{ dggLo tyf cflwsfl/s b:tfj]h aGg ;S5 . ;dfrf/ ;ª\sngsf bf}/fgdf ;ª\slnt tYox?, 36gf / ;Dk|]lift ePsf jf tTsfnsf nflu ;d]6\g gldn]sf hfgsf/L ;doqmddf tof/ ul/g] k':ts jf j[Qlrqh:tf k|;f/0f ;fdu|Lsf v'/fs aGg ;S5g\ .

;+;b\df p7]sf jf gp7]sf ljifodf cGtjf{tf{ jf cGo k|of]hgsf nflu ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfn] ;lqmo Wofgfsif{0f ug'{k5{ . d'n's ;+;bLo ;+/rgfdf uPkl5sf] ;Gbe{df t k|b]z;efsf ultljlwn] klg ;+;bLo ;dfrf/sf] h:t} :yfg, ljz]if u/]/ :yfgLo ;~rf/dfWoddf kfpg] 5 . o:tf] kl/j]zdf k|fGtnfO{ s]Gb|ljGb' agfP/ :yfgLo ;+jfbbtfnO{ & b]lv !) lbg] tflndsf] Joj:yf ug{ ;s] o; sfo{If]q / cGttM cfdhgtfnfO{ 7"nf] kmfObf k'Ug]5 . tflndsf] kf7\oqmd / sIff ;~rfngdf ljz]if Wofgsf] cefjdf eg] To:tf sfo{qmd dfq cf}krfl/stfdf ;Lldt x'g hfG5g\ .

kl/kSj kqsfl/tfsf] k|j]zn] Jofj;flostf kl/dflh{t x'“b} hfG5, h;sf] cefjdf k|efjsf/L e"ldsfdf Åf; cfp“5 . /fhgLlts cfu|x–k"jf{u|xn] u|:t kqsf/ tyf ;dfrf/ ;+:yf kqsfl/tsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGtaf6 ljrlnt ePsf] olsg x'G5 . ;]jfu|fxL / ;]jfk|bfos b'j}sf] lxt x'g] af6f] eg]sf] kf/bzL{ Jofj;flostf xf] . To;}n] cgfjZos bafa, ;ª\s'lrt k|efj / k|nf]egaf6 kqsf/ 6f9f /xg clgjfo{ x'G5 . k|efjsf/L ;+jfxssf nflu ;xL ;"rgf, plrt z}nL / oyfzSo rf“8f] nlIft ;d"x;dIf k''¥ofpg' clgjfo{ x'G5 .

-v/]n g]kfndf kqsfl/tf / cfd;~rf/sf] klxnf] k|fWofks x'g\_


hgk|ltlglw ;+:yfdft kqsf/sf] kx'“r

;efd'v cf]g;/L 3tL{ hgk|ltlglwx?sf] ;efdf af]lnPsf s'/f hlt;Sbf] w]/} / hlt;Sbf] l5§} ;j{;fwf/0faLr s;/L k'¥ofpg ;lsG5, To;af/] Jou| x'g'x'“bf] /x]5 . ToxL ljifosf] ;]/f]km]/f]df k/fdz{ ug{, ;Nnfx–;'emfp lng pxf“n] ;fpg $ ut] cgnfOg ;dfrf/ ;]jfsf s]xL ;Dkfbs÷k|ltlglwx?nfO{ cfˆgf] lgjf;df 8fSg'ePsf] lyof]? t/, k|wfgdGqL s]kL zdf{ cf]nLlj? ePsf] cljZjf; k|:tfjpk/ ax; ;'?x'g'eGbf b'O{ lbgcl3sf] e]63f6df kqsf/x?sf] Wofg ;DejtM /fhgLlts ljifodf s]lGb|t eof], ;efd'vs} e"ldsfsf] lgikIftfaf/] lh1f;fx? a9L /flvP? ;+;bLo ;"rgf k|jfxsf] k|;ª\un] cu|flwsf/ kfPg?

cr]n ;+;bLo ultljlw ;DaGwdf hg?lr 36]/ uPsf] 5 / of] g]kfnsf] dfq ;d:of xf]Og . nf]stflGqs kl/kf6L ckgfPsf ;a} dxfb]zsf b]zx?df o;af/] lrGtf k|s6 x'g] u/]sf] 5 . -;fDojfbL jf u}/nf]stflGqs k4lt cGtu{t /fli6«o ;/f]sf/sf ax; ;~rfng ul/g]

w|'jxl/ clwsf/L

cvaf/df lglZrt k[i7 jf v08 ;+;bLo ultljlw 5fKg] k|of]hgsf nflu

5'6\ofOGYof], clxn] sl/a–sl/a Tof] rng x/fPsf] 5 .


b]z–k|b]zx?sf] k|rng leGb} xf]nf, ;"rgf k|jfx afWosf/L u/fOPsf] x'g ;S5 ._ hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt ePsf g/gf/Ln] Ps 7fp“df e]nf eO{ b]z / ;dfhsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ s]–s:tf P]g sfg'g agfP, ;ª\sNk u/], To; s'/fsf] hfgsf/L hg;fwf/0fn] vf]Hg', k|fKt ug{' / To;s} cfwf/df ltgsf] d"Nofª\sg u/L csf]{ r'gfjsf a]nf s:tf] JolQmsf] rog ug]{ eGg] ;f]r agfpg' :jfefljs xf], af~5gLo klg 5 . /, of] gful/ssf] ;"rgf kfpg] ;+j}wflgs xsleqsf] ljifo xf] . To;}n] ;+;f/sf w]/} d'n'sdf ;+;bLo lqmofsnfkaf/] hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt ug{ pko'Qm ;+oGqsf] aGbf]j:t ul/Psf] x'G5 . t/, sl/a Ps bzsotfsf] sfnv08df k|rlnt 9ª\udf ;Dk|]lift ;"rgf, hfgsf/L / ;Gb]zsf] c;/ cfdhgtfdf

k|efjsf/L lx;fan] kg{ g;s]sf] cg'ej ul/Psf] 5 . huhfx]/ 5, cvaf/df lglZrt k[i7 jf v08 ;+;bLo ultljlw 5fKg] k|of]hgsf nflu 5'6\ofOGYof], clxn] sl/a–sl/a Tof] rng x/fPsf] 5 . To;} u/L /]l8of] / 6]lnlehgdf k|;f/0f ;do tf]lsGYof], cr]n To:tf] ul/“b}g . vf;vf; ;dosf efif0f / ax;sf] k|ToIf k|;f/0f u¥of], cl3kl5 gbf/t .

o:tf] lsg eO/x]sf] 5 t <

ljsl;t b]z a]nfot, cd]l/sf, hd{gL, k|mfG;, hfkfg / l5d]sL b]z ef/t, kfls:tfg, aª\unfb]z, >Lnª\sfx?n] klg xfd|f] g]kfns} h:tf] cg'ej ul//x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] Ps}gf;sf] k|j[lQsf] Pp6f sf/0f xf] ;~rf/ k|ljlwdf ePsf] tLj| ljsf; / To;af6 pknAw ;]jfx?sf] a9\bf] pkof]u . h:t} M xftxftdf df]afOn kmf]g bf]xf]/f] ;+jfbsf nflu dfq xf]Og, j/k/sf 36gf, b'3{6gfsf ljj/0f / lrq lng] ;Gbe{df ;d]t k|of]u x'G5 . OG6/g]6sf] dfWodaf6 x'g]÷ul/g] ;+jfb / ;Dk|]if0f ljlwn] k/Dk/fut 9f“rfnfO{ lj:yflkt ul/lbPsf] 5 . kqklqsfsf] k|;f/–;ª\Vof -;s{'n];g_ 36\bf kqsfl/tf ;]jf pBf]u k|efljt ePsf

/fhgLlt / nf]stflGqs zf;g k|0ffnLk|lt o'jfk':tfsf] rfv / ;xeflutf a9fpg] cfjZostf 5, To; k|of]hgsf nflu klg ;+;bLo ultljlw hg;fwf/0faLr nf]slk|o cEof;sf ?kdf lrlgg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{'k5{ .


5g\, ;+;f/sf gfd rn]sf cvaf/;d]t d'lb|t ;+:s/0f aGb ug{ afWo ePsf 5g\ . a]nfotsf] …b OlG8k]G8]G6Ú gfds b}lgs cvaf/ k|sfzgsf] #)cf}“ jif{df cfP/ ;g\ @)!^ sf] cf/Dedf aGb eof], cr]n of] cgnfOg ;+:s/0fdf ;Lldt 5, h;sf] ;~rfng vr{ k|fKt lj1fkgsf] cfDbfgLn] wflgg ufx|f] 5 .

g]kfnsf] k|of; gof“ k':tfsf o'js–o'jtLsf] cfjZostf / ¿lrdf cfPsf] kl/jt{g

klg ;dfrf/ dfWodaf6 k|fKt x'g] ;"rgf, hfgsf/Lk|lt pbf;Lg u/fpgdf lhDd]jf/ 5 . cfdf]b–k|df]b / dgf]/~hgdf /dfpg] k':tfsf dflg;n] uDeL/ k|s[ltsf 36gf, b'3{6gfsf va/nfO{ klg dgf]/~hgsf ?kdf dfq u|x0f ug]{ afgL a;fn]sf 5g\ . …OGkmf]6]Gd]G6Úh:tf zAbsf] k|rngn] oxL k|j[lQsf] emns lbG5 . clg, dfly elgPh:t} o:tf] k|j[lQ g]kfndf ;Lldt 5}g . ljb]zL d'n'sx?df o;af/] gfgfef“tLsf cWoog, ;j]{If0f eO/x]sf 5g\, x'G5g\ . ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf hg¿lr sfod /fVg, a9fpg ;j]{If0fsf cfwf/df j}slNks pkfox? ckgfOG5 . 7"nf] cfsf/sf] sfuhdf 5flkg] cvaf/ -a|8l;6_nfO{ ;fgf] cyf{t\ 5l/tf] cfsf/df kl/0ft u/]/ a]nfotsf] …b 6fOD;Ú klqsfn] o; k|;ª\udf 3tnfUbf] pbfx/0f lbPsf] 5 . b[i6fGt c? klg 5g\ .

;+;bLo lqmofsnfkaf/] hfGg], ;'Gg] pT;'stf 36\g] qmddf b]lvg'sf] Pp6f csf]{ ;DefJo sf/0f /fhgLltdf nfu]sf dflg;x?sf] ;fv cyf{t\ ljZj;gLotfdf lg/Gt/ lvof nfUg' xf] . ;do–;dodf ul/Psf cWoog, ;j]{If0f / hgdt ;ª\sng -kf]n_n] /fhgLlt ug]{x?nfO{ ;dfhsf ;a}eGbf a]Odfg / e|i6 rl/qsf] ?kdf e]6]sf 5g\ . cyf{t\, tL cfb/0fLo jf cfbz{ xf]Ogg\ . t;y{, ltgsf syg / cfZjf;gdf lsg ljZjf; ug]{, lsg ltgsf efif0f / xfpefpdf Wofg lbg], lsg ;do gi6 ug]{ < cflb OToflb . eGg' k/f]Og, g]kfn o; ;Gbe{df klg ckjfb xf]Og . vf]nf g} gePsf] 7fp“df klg k'n agfOlbG5' egL cfZjf;g lbg' /fhgLltdf k;]sfx?sf] cf};t rl/q xf] .

g]kfndf ;fIf/tf cem} klg Pp6f r'gf}tL 5 . hltn] n]vk9sf] ;'ljwf kfPgg\, tLdWo] clwsf+z b]zdf Ond, /f]huf/L gkfP/ vf8Lsf b]zx?df ef}“tfl/g afWo 5g\ . hf] k9fn]vf 5g\, ltgsf k|fyldstf


km];g, df]afOn, df]6/;fOsn, dgf]/~hg s]lGb|t b]lvG5g\ . ltgsf] hLjgk4ltnfO{ klZrdLhut\sf ;+:sf/, ;+:s[ltn] uf“h]sf] 5 . lax] u/]sf] nuQ}kl5 kf/kfr's] -;DaGwljR5]b_ ug]{ a9\bf] k|j[lQ Pp6f ;"rs xf], h;df klZrdL d"No–dfGotfdf x'ls{Psf] dlxnf hfu/0fsf] klg 68\sf/f] of]ubfg 5 . o;/L cJojl:yt z}nLdf ljsl;t x'“b} cfPsf] kl/l:yltdf ;+;bLo lqmofsnfkkl§ o'jfk':tfsf] Wofg hfg] s;/L < To;dfly a]nfdf ;+ljwfg lbg g;Sg] klxnf] ;+ljwfg;ef, To;kl5 hgtfsf] /fo a'em\g] qmddf ;ª\slnt /fo–;'emfjsf] a]jf:tf u/L …Ps yfg ;+ljwfgÚ yf]kg{ xtf/ ug]{ bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;ef / To;af6 …?kfGtl/tÚ ul/Psf] …Joj:yflksf–;+;b\Ú Û To;sf] Dofb 5– & df3 @)&$ ;Dd . cyf{t\, of] j}wflgstfdf k|Zglrx\g nfu]sf] DofbL ;+;b\ xf], h;df ^ ;o ! hgfsf] 7"nf] hdft 5 . ltgnfO{ kfNg /fHosf]ifaf6 7"nf] wg/flz vr{ eO/x]sf] 5 .

h] eP tfklg ;efd'v cf]g;/L 3tL{sf lrGtf / OR5f lg/y{s eg] xf]Ogg\ . b]zdf :yflkt k|0ffnLn] cfˆgf] sfo{sfndf lg/Gt/tf kfcf];\ / To;df ;do ;'xfpbf] kl/dfh{g xf]cf];\ eGg] pxfsf] clek|fo plrt xf]? cgnfOg kqsf/x?;usf] e]63f6df pxfn] ;bgdf x'g] ax;sf qmddf jQmfx?n] tf]lsPsf] ;doeGbf a9L af]Ng] k|rng lgolGqt ePsf] s'/f pT;fxsf ;fy ;'gfpg'eof]? & b; ldg]6 ;do kfPsf] jQmfnfO{ TolQdf ;Lldt ug{ dfOsnfO{ :jrflnt 9ª\un] /f]Sg] &c6f] s6?k|0ffnL nfu" ePsf] 5??;b:ox?nfO{ cg'zfl;t, lzi6 / dof{lbt z}nLdf k|:t't x'g sfd nfUg] cGo ljlw, k|lqmof yfngL u/fpg] ;efd'vsf] dg;fo tfl/kmof]Uo g} xf] .

/fhgLlt / nf]stflGqs zf;g k|0ffnLk|lt o'jfk':tfsf] rfv / ;xeflutf a9fpg] cfjZostf 5, To; k|of]hgsf nflu klg ;+;bLo ultljlw hg;fwf/0faLr nf]slk|o cEof;sf ?kdf lrlgg] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{'k5{ . /fhgLltnfO{ kmf]x/L v]n /xg glbO{ of]Uo Pjd\ OdfGbf/ gful/snfO{ o;tkm{ k|j[Q gu/fO{sg x'“b}g . To;sf] lgldQ :jR5 lgjf{rg k|0ffnL / :j:y Jojxf/, ljrf/x?nfO{ k|f]T;flxt ul/g'k5{ . d'n'ssf] l;ª\uf] hg;ª\VofnfO{ c;/ kfg]{ gLlt, lgod th{'df ug]{ 7fp“ ckl7t, cof]Uo jf :jfyL{ dflg;x?nfO{ cf]u6\g lb“bf bf]xf]/f]–t]x]/f] gf]S;fgL k5{ . ;'/Iff, :jf:Yo, lzIff cflb OToflbsf gfddf gful/sdfly s/, lt/f]


nufpg] clwsf/ ePsf] zlQmzfnL ;+:yfnfO{ ;dfg'kfltssf gfddf kTgL, k|]ldsf, efGhfefGhLnufot cfkmGtx?nfO{ k|j]z lbnfpg 9f]sf v'nf /fVbf s] xljut x'G5, To;sf] JofVof ul//xg} k/]g . csf]{ zAbdf, ljs[lt–ljrngx? x6fpg ;+;b\df k9fn]vf, OdfGbf/, hg;]jfdf k|j[Q ;'ljwfef]uL x'g grfxg] JolQmx?nfO{ k|j]z u/fpg] cg's"n x'g] u/L P]g–sfg'g / lgodx? th{'df ug{'k5{ . jftfj/0f ag]kl5 /fhgLltdf k|j]z ug]{ OR5f /fVg]x?sf] ;ª\Vof :jtM a9]/ hfg]5 .

cGoqsf] cEof;

a]nfotsf] ;+;b\ -kfln{ofd]G6_df ;j{;fwf/0faLr Toxf“sf ax;, k|:tfj, P]g–sfg'g;DaGwL k|;ª\u / k|lqmofx?sf] hfgsf/L k'¥ofpg tLg txsf] ;"rgf k|0ffnL ckgfOPsf] 5 . ;+;bLo k|0ffnLsf] nfdf] Oltxf; ePsf] To; b]zdf ;+;b\sf b'j} ;bg -xfp; ckm sdG; / xfp; ckm n8\;{_sf ax;x?sf] …h:tfsf] t:t}Ú cyf{t\ zAbzM l6kf]6 u/L ljt/0f ug]{ bfloTj ;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] g} k"/f u5{ . To;df ;fdfGo efiff, Jofs/0f ;'wfg{ l6kf]6stf{x?nfO{ 5'6 lbPsf] x'G5 . To; rngnfO{ …x\ofg\;8{Ú l6kf]6 eGg] ul/G5 . lsgeg], Tof] 6d; s;{g x\ofg\;8{ -;g\ !&&^–!*##_ gfds nG8gsf Ps d'b|s÷k|sfzssf] ;lqmotfdf cf/De ePsf] lyof] . of] oyfy{df clen]v xf] / o:tf] k|yf Sofg8f, c:6«]lnof, Go'lhNofG8 / blIf0f clk|msfsf ;+;b\df klg k|rlnt 5 .

;"rgf, hfgsf/L, ;Gb]znfO{ hg;fwf/0f;dIf n}hfg] csf]{ txsf] sfd ;~rf/dfWodsf k|ltlglw -l/kf]6{/_x?n] u5{g\ . ltgsf nflu ;+;b\df …k|]; Uofn/LÚsf] Joj:yf x'G5, hxf“ a;]/ ltgn] ax;df cfPsf ljifox?dWo]af6 cfgf kf7snfO{ sfd nfUg] ljifodf zAblrq tof/ kf/L cvaf/nfO{ lbG5g\? /]l8of], 6]lnlehg, cgnfOgn] klg oxL 9frfdf sfd u5{g\? ;dfrf/ ;+:yfx?n] ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{?ug{nfO{ cg'ejL / To; If]qdf 1fg

k|];n] Psflt/ ;+;b\df ax; ul/g'kg]{ ljifox? ;txdf b]lvg]

u/L /flvlbG5 eg] csf]{tkm{ ;+;b\sf b'j} ;bgdf s]—s:tf

dfldnf ;+jfb / ljrf/—ljdz{df 5g\, To;sf] lj:t[t hfgsf/L

hg;fwf/0faLr k'¥ofp“5 .


ePsf ;+jfbbftf v6fPsf x'G5g\ . gjk|j]zL jf l;sf?nfO{ ;+;b\sf] va/ ;ª\sng ug{ v6fOb}g .

cd]l/sfdf /fi6«klt kb zlQmzfnL ePsfn] Toxf“sf] Joj:yf a]nfotdf eGbf km/s 5 . a]nfotdf k|wfgdGqLsf] e"ldsf lg0ff{os x'g] u5{ / k|wfgdGqL ;+;b\k|lt pQ/bfoL x'G5g\ . To;f] t cd]l/sfdf klg ;+;b\sf] sfo{If]q km/flsn} 5 . tNnf] ;bg …xfp; ckm /]k|]h]G6]l6E;Úsf] bf“hf]df dfYnf] ;bg …l;g]6Ú zlQmzfnL b]lvG5 . Toxf“ klg k|]; Uofn/Ls} kl/kf6L xf], h;df b}lgs, cfjlws / >Jo–b[Zo eg]/ tLg ;~rf/dfWodnfO{ tLg ju{df /fv]/ ;"rgf ljt/0f ul/G5 . k|j]z;DaGwL lgodx? sl;nf 5g\, oqtq l5g{ kfO“b}g . sltko sIfdf k|j]z ubf{ t …k];fut÷;'xfp“bf] kf];fsÚ nufPsf] x'g'kg]{ eGg] lgod;d]t tf]s]sf] x'G5 . /fi6«kltsf sfo{qmd k5\ofpg vl6Psf ;a} ;+jfbbftfn] ;w}“, ;a} 7fp“df hfg kfp“b}gg\ . To:tf] a]nfdf cfnf]kfnf] ldnfO{ Ps jf b'O{ hgf ;“u} hfG5g\ / ltgn] kms]{/ cfPkl5 cfkm"l;tsf] ljj/0f ;a}nfO{ af“8\g'k5{ . To;nfO{ …k"nÚ (pool) Joj:yf elgG5 .

;+;b\ cyjf Joj:yflksfsf ultljlw hg;dIf k'¥ofpg] ;~rf/dfWodx?sf] k|fyldstfdf x]/km]/ ePsf] vNnf] cg'ej x'ls{+bf] nf]stGq elgg] b]z blIf0f clk|msfdf 68\sf/f] eO/x]sf] 5 . cvaf/sf k[i7 / k|;f/0fsf] ;dodf oyf]lrt dxÎj kfpg], lbnfpg] xf] eg] leqL sIfx?;Dd kx'“r /fVg] …nAaL s/];kf]G8]G6Ú;DaGwL clxn]sf k|fjwfg v's'nf] kfg{' k5{, o:tf] cfjfh blIf0f clk|msfdf ;'lg“b} 5 . /, of] ToxL b]zsf] nflu dfq elgPsf] xf]Og . a]nfot, hd{gL, k|mfG;h:tf :yflkt nf]stGqdf klg ;+;bLo ;dfrf/sf] kl/df0f a9fpg ;+jfbbftfsf] kx'“r lj:tf/ ug{ h¿/L b]lvG5 eGg] Totfsf] cjwf/0ff 5 .

;xh k|j]z, Jofks kx'“r l5d]ssf] u0ftGq ef/tdf klg ;+;bLo ultljlw hgtfdf k'¥ofpg

k|];nfO{ g} k|efjsf/L dfWod dflgPsf] 5 . To;sf nflu k|]; :jtGq x'g' cfjZos 7flgG5 . /, ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !( df ePsf] k|fjwfgn] To:tf] :jtGqtf pknAw u/fp“5 . oBlk, …k|]; :jtGqtfÚsf] ls6fg k|fjwfg ;+ljwfgdf 5}g . h] xf];\, ;dfrf/ dfWodsf k|ltlglwnfO{ ;+;b\sf b'j} ;bg -dflyNnf] ;bg /fHo;ef, tNnf] t/ zlQmzfnL ;bg nf]s;ef_df


;dfrf/ ;ª\sngsf] ;'ljwf pknAw u/fOPsf] 5 . ;+;b\df eP÷u/]sf s'/fx? ;Dk|]if0f ubf{, d'2f–dfldnf gnfUg] pGd'lQm 5 t/ o;df klg ;+;b\sf] ljz]ifflwsf/sf] k|Zg cfp“bf :jtGqtf s'l07t x'g ;Sg] sfg'gL a'“bf eg] 5“b} 5g\ . hg;Dks{sf nflu ;lrjfnon] 5'§} Joj:yf ldnfPsf] 5 . k|]; Uofn/Ldf kqsf/x?sf] k|j]znfO{ Jojl:yt ul/Psf] 5 . ;dfrf/ dfWodx?nfO{ ;+;b\ / hgtf hf]8\g] ;]t' dfGg] ;+;b\sf] gLltut dfGotf ePsf] a]xf]/f …k|]; PG8 klAns l/n];G; ;lj{;Ú gfds k'l:tsfdf pNn]v 5 . k|];n] Psflt/ ;+;b\df ax; ul/g'kg]{ ljifox? ;txdf b]lvg] u/L /flvlbG5 eg] csf]{tkm{ ;+;b\sf b'j} ;bgdf s]—s:tf dfldnf ;+jfb / ljrf/—ljdz{df 5g\, To;sf] lj:t[t hfgsf/L hg;fwf/0faLr k'¥ofp“5 . log} s'/fnfO{ dgg u/]/ ;+;b\n] k|];sf k|ltlglwx?sf] kx'“rnfO{ ;s];Dd Jofks / ;xh u/fOlbg] u/]sf] 5 . ckjfb 5g\ / tLdWo]sf] Ps xf]– ;+;bLo ;ldlt txsf 5nkmn, ax;df k|];sf] kx'“r gx'g' .

cGo sltko b]zsf] t'ngfdf ef/tsf] ;+;b\n] ;+;b\—k|]; ;DaGwnfO{ ;b}j cfk;L ljZjf;df cfwfl/t /fVg Pp6f ;+oGq agfPsf] 5, h'g …k|]; P8efOh/L sld6LÚ -k|]; k/fdz{ ;ldlt_sf gfdn] lrlgG5 . ;efd'vn] To;df /xg] ;b:ox?sf] dgf]gog u5{g\ / To;f] ubf{ jl/i7, cg'ejL k|]; k|ltlglwx?dWo]af6 k|ltlglwTj u/fOG5 . /, of] Ps jif{sf nflu x'G5 . cyf{t\, x/]s jif{ km]l/G5 . :yfoL / c:yfoL k|j]zkq -kf;_sf nflu ;efd'v;dIf l;kmfl/; k]; ug{', k|];–k|ltlglwx?nfO{ cfjZos kg]{ ;'ljwf, ;xof]usf] hfgsf/L ;efd'vnfO{ u/fpg' / k|];–k|ltlglwlj?4 k/]sf ph'/L, l;sfotx?sf] hf“r u/L oyf]lrt sf/afxLsf nflu l;kmfl/; k|:t't ug{' k|]; P8efOh/L sld6Lsf d'Vo sfo{x? x'g\ . sld6L;DaGwL of] k|rlnt Joj:yf k|efjsf/L ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

;+;b\n] k|];nfO{ cfˆgf] sfo{df ;3fp k' fpg olt Joj:yf ul/;s]kl5 k|]; k|ltlglwx?af6 ax;, k|Zgf]Q/, k|:tfjnufotsf ;+;bLo lqmofsnfksf]

of] gful/ssf] ;"rgf kfpg] ;+j}wflgs xsleqsf] ljifo xf] .

To;}n] ;+;f/sf w]/} d'n'sdf ;+;bLo lqmofsnfkaf/] hgtfnfO{

;';"lrt ug{ pko'Qm ;+oGqsf] aGbf]j:t ul/Psf] x'G5 .


;xL ljj/0f hg;dIf k'uf];\ eGg] ck]Iff /fVg' plrt xf]? To;sf lgldQ k|]; k|ltlglwx?n] klg cfkm"nfO{ x/38L hfu?s / lhDd]jf/ /fV5g\ eGg] cfzf /fVg' hfoh} xf]? t;y{, ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftf eO{ sfd ug]{x?n] cf/Ded} oL s'/fx?df cfkm"nfO{ hfgsf/ / ;hu /fVg' cfjZos ePsf] xf] M• k|rlnt P]g—lgodaf/] hfgsf/L /fVg .• ;+;bLo sfo{k|0ffnL s;/L ;~rfng x'G5, To;nfO{ a'em\g .• /fhgLlts bnx? / tLl;t ;Da4 /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ -;f+;b\_nfO{

/fd|/L lrGg .• Oltxf;sf] v“lbnf] cWoogsf cfwf/df ;fGble{s tYox?af/] lj1

/xg . g]kfnsf] Joj:yflksf d"ntM a]nfot / l5d]sL ef/tsf ;+;bLo k|0ffnLsf]

9f“rfdf ljsl;t ul/“b} cfPsf] 5 . oBlk, ;+j}wflgs lgo'lQmcufl8sf] ;'g'jfOsf] k|rng eg] cd]l/sL k4ltaf6 k|efljt eO{ ;dfj]z u/]sf] kfOG5 . :yfgLo k/Dk/f / cfjZostfn] Ps xbsf] ljljwtf emNsfpg' 7Ls} klg x'g ;S5 . d'Vo s'/f] nf]stGq xf] / To;nfO{ ;'xfpg] ljlw, Jojxf/ / cEof; x'g\ . :jtGq k|]; nf]stGqs} g};lu{s :tDe xf] . To;f] x'gfn] k|];—k|ltlglwx?nfO{ :jtGq eO{ sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f k|bfg ul/g'k5{ . ltgsf] kx'“rnfO{ lj:tf/ x'g lb“bf g} hg;fwf/0f ;';"lrt x'g kfp“5g\ . To; ;Gbe{df ef/tn] ckgfPh:t} ljlw nfebfos x'g ;S5 . o; ;Gbe{df ;efd'vsf] ;lqmotfaf6 k|]; k/fdz{ 6f]nL u7g ;xL sfo{sf] yfngL x'g ;S5 .

-jl/i7 kqsf/ clwsf/L ;+;bLo / cGt/f{li6«o dfldnf l/kf]l6{ªsf lj1 x'g\ _


ljwfogL sfo{df :jfy{ 6s/fj

;+;b\, ;/sf/h:tf ;fj{hlgs dxÎjsf ;+:yf / To;df kbf;Lg JolQmx?af6 ;dfhn] pRr:t/sf] g}ltstf, lgi7f / lg:jfy{ Jojxf/ Pjd\ e"ldsf ck]Iff u/]sf] x'G5 . To;df lu/fj6 jf ljrng cfof] eg] /fhgLltnufot ;fj{hlgs ;]jfk|lt hgtfsf] ljZjf; 6'6\5 . k|f/Dedf ;/sf/L sfdsfhdf Pp6} JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ P]g–sfg'g agfpg], sfof{Gjog ug]{ / sfg'gadf]lhd eP÷gePsf] km};nf ug]{ clwsf/ x'g' x“'b}g eg]/ ;/sf/sf] sfdnfO{ sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf / Gofokflnsfdf zlQm k[ysLs/0fsf] l;4fGt ckgfOof] . t/, of] Joj:yf kof{Kt ePg .

;fj{hlgs lhDd]jf/Lsf] JolQm klg ;dfhd} x'G5 . kl/jf/, Oi6ldq, ;fyLefO, ;d'bfoaf6} cnu /xg] s'/f x'“b}g . p;sf Jofj;flos k[i7e"ld / ;+nUgtf klg x'G5g\ . oL ;a s'/fsf] k|ToIf k|efj p;dfly klg x'G5 . lghL nfesf nflu kb / clwsf/sf] b'?kof]usf] ;Defjgf /xG5 / ePsf klg 5g\ . o;}nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ax;df j}olQms / ;fj{hlgs lxtsf] 6s/fj jf lghL / ;fj{hlgs :jfy{afem -slGnS6 ckm OG6\/]:6_ elgG5 .

k|f= s[i0f vgfn

g]kfnsf ljwflosLnufot ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs

sf/f]af/sf ;+:yfx?df kbf;Lg JolQmsf] lxt 6s/fj÷:jfy{afemsf] ljifon] vf;}

rrf{ kfPsf] kfO“b}g . o; ljifodf ;fj{hlgs r]tgf / ax; klg sd} 5 .


g]kfnsf] ;fj{hlgs ax;df of] ljifon] cem} vf;} dxÎj / :yfg kfO;s]sf] 5}g . To;}n] cª\u|]hLdf …slGNkmS6 ckm OG6«]:6Ú eGbf hlt ;xhtf;fy o;sf] cjwf/0ff / cy{ a'lemG5, g]kfnLdf s'g kbfjnL k|of]u ug]{ < cem} :yflkt eO;s]sf] 5}g . cª\u|]hLsf] ;f]emf] ?kfGt/0fh:t} lxt÷:jfy{sf] 6s/fj jf åGå klg o;sf nflu kof{Kt gxf]nf . cª\u|]hLdf elgg] …slGNkmS6 ckm OG6«]:6Ún] zflAbs cy{ dfq xf]Og, zf;sLo cfr/0fsf] Pp6f lglZrt cjwf/0ff g} a'emfp“5 . t;y{, d}n] oxf“ …:jfy{afemÚ eGg] kbfjnL k|of]u u/]sf] 5' . cfp“bf lbgdf o; ljifodf x'g] yk ax; / ;+jfbn] plrt kbfjnLsf] k|of]unfO{ :yflkt ug]{ ck]Iff ul/G5 .

g]kfnsf ljwflosLnufot ;/sf/L tyf ;fj{hlgs sf/f]af/sf ;+:yfx?df kbf;Lg JolQmsf] lxt 6s/fj÷:jfy{afemsf] ljifon] vf;} rrf{ kfPsf] kfO“b}g . o; ljifodf ;fj{hlgs r]tgf / ax; klg sd} 5 . t/, ;+;b\sf] ut clwj]zgdf o;n] ;~rf/dfWoddf lgs} rrf{ kfof] . ;ldltaf6 ;j{;Ddt kfl/t Pp6f ljw]osnfO{ ;bgn] ;DalGwt ;ldltd} lkmtf{;d]t k7fof] . o; ljifodf hlt rrf{ eof], g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo Oltxf;df ;fob klxn] slxNo} ePsf] lyPg . o;sf] cy{ of] xf]Og, xfd|f] ;+;bLo sfddf of] ;d:o} lyPg . klxn] rrf{ gx'g'sf k5fl8 ;dfhsf ljlzi6 klxrfg ePsf :jfy{ ;d"x cyf{t\ lxtsf] ;+;b\df :ki6 pkl:ylt gx'g', To:tf] :jfy{sf] sfo{kflnsfaf6} sfd ;DkGg x'g' jf To;k|lt ;~rf/ hut\ / ;f+;b b'j} ;r]t gx'g'h:tf sf/0fx? x'g\ .

klZrdsf ljsl;t b]zx?df ;/sf/L sfdsfhdf JolQmut :jfy{ aflemPsf] ;d:ofnfO{ lgs} ;+j]bgzLn dflgG5 . ;fj{hlgs gLlt lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf a;]sfx?n] cfkm"nfO{ kmfObf k'Ug] u/L kb / lhDd]jf/Lsf] unt pkof]u ug]{ ;DefjgfnfO{ k"/} gsfg{ ;ls“b}g . hfgLa'emL jf cghfgdf cfˆgf] :jfy{ cg's"n x'g] u/L cfˆgf] kbLo k|efj / lg0f{osf] pkof]u u/]sf y'k|} b[i6fGt 5g\ . t;y{, sltko b]zdf o;sf] lgodgsf nflu cnu P]g, lgod tyf cfrf/;+lxtf agfPsf] kfOG5 . zf;sLo cfr/0f -ueg]{G; OlyS;_ eg]/ 5'§} ;/sf/L lgsfo;d]tsf] Joj:yf ul/Psf x'G5g\ . sfo{kflnsf, Joj:yflksf, Gofokflnsfnufot ;/sf/sf ljleGg Ph]G;L, ljZjljBfno, lghL tyf ;fj{hlgs sDkgLx?df ;d]t sfo{/t s;}n] klg cfˆgf] lghL :jfy{ kf]if0f x'g] u/L lg0f{o / sfof{Gjog ug{


gkfpmg\ egL cfr/0f / lgodgsf Joj:yf ul/Psf 5g\ -PRS Legislative Research, 2010; OECD, 2005_ .

;+;b\sf] ut clwj]zgdf kfl/t tyf ljrf/fwLg s]xL ljw]osdf sltko ;f+;bsf lghL :jfy{ Jofks ?kdf lglxt ePsf] / To;n] ;+;b\sf] ljwflosL sfddf :jfy{ afem]sf] egL Jofks 6Lsfl6Kk0fL / cfnf]rgf eof] . o; ;DaGwdf lzIff ljw]os, h'g P]gsf ?kdf sfof{Gjogdf ;d]t cfO;s]sf] 5, a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf -aflkmof_ / dgdf]xg k|lti7fg -d]l8sn sn]h tyf c:ktfn_;DaGwL ljw]osx? rlr{t /x] .

lzIff P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]os lgdf{0fb]lv ;+;bLo ;ldlt Pjd\ ;bgaf6 To;sf] clGtd cg'df]bg ug]{ If0f;Dd lghL ljBfno ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf s]xL ;f+;bx? cfˆgf] :jfy{ cg's"n k|fjwfg ;dfj]z ;kmn ePsf] u'gf;f] 5 . P]gn] ljBfno sDkgL P]g cGtu{t ;~rfng x'b} cfPsfnfO{ k|efj gkg]{ u/L gof vf]Ng gkfOg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 -Dahal, 2016_ .

o;} u/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL ljw]os -aflkmof_ ;+;b\sf] cy{ ;ldltaf6 cg'df]bg eof] . k|efjzfnL a}+s;{ ;f+;bx? ;ldltsf ;b:o lyP / To;df pgLx? cfˆgf] :jfy{ cg's"nsf k|fjwfgx? ;dfj]z ug{ ;kmn eP . t/, To;af/] rf}tkmL{ cfnf]rgf ePsf sf/0f Tof] ljw]os ;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7saf6 kfl/t gu/L cy{ ;ldltd} lkmtf{ uPsf] 5 -Dahal, 2016_ .

o:t} csf]{ b[i6fGt klg 5 . k|:tfljt dgdf]xg k|lti7fg -d]l8sn sn]h tyf c:ktfn_;DaGwL ljw]os ;+;b\sf] dlxnf, afnaflnsf tyf ;dfhsNof0f ;ldltdf ljrf/fwLg 5 . h'g ;ldltdf k|lti7fgsf ;]o/ xf]N8/;d]t /x]sf Pdfn] ;f+;bx?sf] k|efjzfnL pkl:ylt 5 -Dahal, 2016_ .

klZrdsf ljsl;t b]zx?df ;/sf/L sfdsfhdf JolQmut

:jfy{ aflemPsf] ;d:ofnfO{ lgs} ;+j]bgzLn dflgG5 . ;fj{hlgs

gLlt lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf a;]sfx?n]

cfkm"nfO{ kmfObf k'Ug] u/L kb / lhDd]jf/Lsf] unt pkof]u ug]{

;DefjgfnfO{ k"/} gsfg{ ;ls“b}g .


sxf“ / s;/L :jfy{ afem\5 <;dfhdf :jfy{sf] Jofkstf 5 . k|To]s JolQm s'g ljifodf s] ubf{

cfˆgf] lxt jf enfO x'G5 eGg] s'/fn] kl/rflnt ePsf] x'G5 . csf]{ zAbdf :jfy{ eg]s} oxL xf] . JolQmnfO{ p;sf] :jfy{af6 cnu ug{ ;Dej 5}g . s]jn To;sf] bfo/f / p2]ZonfO{ lj:tfl/t jf ;fd"lxsLs/0f ug{ ;lsG5 . ;dfhdf JolQmsf] e"ldsf ax'cfoflds x'G5 . ;f]xL cg';f/ :jfy{sf] :j?k / k|s[lt klg . 3/ kl/jf/ / lghL Joj;foeGbf hlt a9L pm km/flsnf] e"ldsfdf x'G5, :jfy{sf ljljw ?k lgdf{0f x'G5 . tL :jfy{x? cffk;df ;xofqL, k|lt:kwL{ jf lj/f]wL klg x'G5g\ . o;sf] tfnd]n gldNbf :jfy{afemsf] cj:yf lgdf{0f x'G5 .

/fhgLlt, k|zf;g, ;fj{hlgs ;+:yf, z}lIfs ;+:yfh:tf ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfx?df dfq xf]Og, lghL If]q klg o;af6 d'Qm 5}g . cem eGg]

xf] eg] clxn]sf] o'udf lghL jf ;+o'Qm nufgLsf 7"nf pBf]u tyf Joj;fo -skf]{/]6 ;]S6/_sf] /fHodf pkl:ylt / k|efj cTolws 5 . ;fj{hlgs gLltsf If]qdf o;n] :jfy{afemsf] Jofkstf l;h{gf u/]sf] 5 . t/, of] k|:t'lt÷n]v ;+;bLo sfddf ;Lldt 5 .

klxrfgsf] ;d:ofs] ;f+;bsf] s'g} :jfy{ x'Gg

< s] JolQmsf] Jojxf/ :jfy{ lg/k]If x'g ;S5 < s] ;f+;bx?sf] ljut jf jt{dfg sfo{If]qsf] cg'ejnfO{ ;"rgfd"ns ;'ljwfsf ?kdf ;+;b\n] lng ldNb}g <

ldN5, gldNg] xf]Og . t/, Toxf“ :jfy{ aflemPsf] 5, 5}g 5'6\ofpg' h?/L 5 . s'g} b'/fzon] xf]Og, lgodgsf] ;xhtfsf nflu ;f+;bsf] JolQmut, kfl/jfl/s, Jofj;flos lxt÷rfxgfsf] ;Defljt k|efjnfO{ zª\sfsf] 3]/fdf /fVg'kg]{ x'G5 . ljleGg b]zsf] cg'ej / k|of]un] klg o;sf] cfjZostf k'li6 u5{ . of] g} :jfy{ ljlzi6Ls/0f -/f]n l8kml/OG6]o;g_sf] klxnf] v'8\lsnf] xf] .

clxn]sf] o'udf lghL jf ;+o'Qm nufgLsf 7"nf pBf]u tyf Joj;fo -skf]{/]6 ;]S6/_sf] /fHodf pkl:ylt / k|efj cTolws 5 . ;fj{hlgs gLltsf If]qdf o;n] :jfy{afemsf] Jofkstf l;h{gf u/]sf] 5 .


o;n] cfdhgtfsf] kIfdf sfd ug'{kg]{ ;f+;b lgh :jod\, kl/jf/, gftf jf Jofj;flos ;fem]bf/sf] ljQLo, Jofj;flos lxt hf]l8Psf] ljifo klxrfg ug]{ d'Vo cfwf/ lbG5 .

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kl/jf/sf] ljj/0f lbg'kg]{ .• ;f+;b x'g'k"j{ jf eO;s]kl5sf] klg Jofj;flos ;+nUgtf, kfl/>lds,

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• s'g} pkxf/ lnPsf] eP bftf ;+:yf÷JolQm :jb]z jf ljb]z, cg'dflgt d"No;d]t v'Ng] u/L ljj/0f lbg'kg]{ .

• ljb]z e|d0f ubf{ To;sf] k|of]hg k|:6 x'g] ljj/0f, vr{ / ;|f]t;d]t v'nfpg'kg]{ .


• ;+:yfut ;+nUgtf eP To;sf] k|s[lth:t} :jod\;]jL, 6«:6, k];f÷Jofj;flos, u}/;/sf/L :ki6 x'g] u/L v'nfpg'kg]{ .

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:jod\n] 3f]if0ff ug'{kg]{ / 5nkmn tyf dtbfgaf6 cnu /xg] Joj:yf /x]sf] kfOG5 . ;fy}, csf]{ ;b:on] klg s'g ljifodf s'g ;f+;bsf] :jfy{ uf“l;Psf] 5 eg]/ Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg ;S5 .

ljjflbt ;b:osf] ljifodf ;efd'v jf To;;DaGwL ;ldltn] 6'ª\uf] nufp“5 . ;b:on] a'emfPsf ljj/0f / lgod, sfg'g / cfrf/;+lxtfsf] clen]v tyf cg'udg ul/G5 . pNnª\3g ePdf 5fglagsf] clwsf/ ;efd'v, ;+;bLo ;ldlt jf cfof]udf /xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] kfOG5 . 5fglagkl5 To;sf cfwf/df ;DalGwt ;f+;bnfO{ 5nkmn tyf dtbfgdf /f]s nufpg], lglZrt ;dosf nflu lgnDag jf ;b:otfaf6 lgisf;g;Ddsf] sf/afxL x'G5 .

xfd|f] cEof; g]kfndf ;+;bLo cEof;df :jfy{afemsf] ljifonfO{ ;+;b\sf] lgodfjnLn]

lgodg ug]{ k|oTg u/]sf] 5 . o;;DaGwL lgDg Joj:yf 5g\ M 5nkmndf efu lng gx'g] M s'g} ;ldltsf] ljrf/fwLg ljifo;“u s'g}

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;b:osf] cfr/0f / cg'udg;DaGwL Joj:yf M -;+ljwfgadf]lhdsf] pQ/bfloTj k"/f ug{ tyf lghx?sf] sfd–sf/afxLdf ;fj{hlgs ljZjf; sfod ug{_ -kl/R5]b M @(_ .

a}7s;“u ;DalGwt x/]s sfd–sf/afxLdf ;b:ox?n] ;fj{hlgs p2]ZonfO{ dxÎj lbg] tyf lghL :jfy{ / ;fj{hlgs :jfy{sf aLr åGå x'g] :yLlt ePdf :ki6 ?kdf ;fj{hlgs :jfy{sf nflu pleg] -lgod M @## ª_ .

a}7ssf s'g} sfd–sf/afxLdf JolQmut, cfly{s kmfObf jf z'Ns, kfl/>lds jf kfl/tf]lifs lnO{ af]Ng], dtbfg ug]{ jf efu lng] sfd gug]{ -lgod M @## r_ .


Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] jf cfkm" ;b:o ePsf] ;ldltdf ljrf/fwLg /x]sf] s'g} ljifodf cfˆgf] JolQmut jf lghL :jfy{ ufl;Psf] ePdf :j]R5fn] ;f] s'/fsf] :ki6 ?kdf a'lemg] u/L a}7s jf ;ldltnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ ;f] ljifodf x'g] 5nkmnaf6 cnu /xg] -lgod M @## h_ .

lgodfjnLdf pNn]lvt pko'{Qm k|fjwfgsf] ;b:ox?n] kfngf u/]÷gu/]sf] cg'udg ug{ ;efd'vsf] cWoIftfdf cfr/0f cg'udg ;ldltsf] u7g ug]{ Joj:yf 5 . ;ldltn] pNnª\3g ;DaGwdf k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L a}7sdf k]; ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf 5 . t/, pNnª\3g ug]{dfly s'g} sf/afxL x'g] jf gx'g]af/] lgod df}g 5 .

;'wf/sf] vf“rf]g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo cEof;df

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lxt÷:jfy{, lxt÷:jfy{sf] 6s/fj, åGå, :jfy{afemh:tf zAbsf] :ki6 kl/efiff ug'{kg]{ .

• cGt/f{li6«o k|rng / dfGotf cg';f/ JolQmut ljj/0f / 3f]if0ffsf] k|fjwfg /flvg'kg]{ .

• :jfy{;DaGwL ljjfbsf] lg?k0f ug]{ ;+oGq / clwsf/Lsf] :ki6 Joj:yf ug{'kg]{ .

• pNnª\3g ug]{ ;b:odfly sf/afxLsf] k|s[lt / xb lgwf{/0f ug'{kg]{ .• clxn] sltko b]zdf zf;sLo cfr/0fsf] 5'§} sfg'gL Joj:yf ug]{ klg

;f+;bh:tf] cfddxÎjsf] ;fj{hlgs gLlt lgdf{0fsf] If]qdf

;+nUg JolQmsf] lghL :jfy{ / ;fj{hlgs lhDd]jf/Lsf] :ki6

l;dfgf cyf{t\ nId0f /]vf sf]g'{ h?/L 5 . k/Dk/fut pkfodf g}lts cfr/0f, d"No–dfGotf / ;f+;b :jod\sf] ljj]snfO{ lng

;lsG5 .


k|rng 5 . g]kfndf klg To;sf] h?/L 5 .

;Gbe{ ;fdu|LJoj:yflksf–;+;b\ lgodfjnL, @)&# . sf7df8f}“ M Joj:yflksf–;+;b\ ;lrjfno, @)&#

c;f/ .Dahal, Ashok.“MPs influencing parliamentary decisions in clear conflict of

interestf.My republica, 11 July 2016, 07:15 AM.PRS Legislative Research, 2010. “Conflict of Interest in Parliament”, November

15.wws.prsindia.org.OECD, 2005.Managing Conflict of Interest in the Public Sector– A Toolkit.

Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD).https://www.oecd.org/gov/ethics/49107986.pdf

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klxnf] ;+;b\df l/kf]l6{ª

g]kfnsf] klxnf] ;+;b\ -@)!^ c;f/ !^–@)!& k'; !_df klg b'O{j6f ;bg lyP . Tolta]nf tNnf] ;bgnfO{ k|ltlglw;ef / dflyNnf] ;bgnfO{ dxf;ef elgGYof] . xfdLn] l/kf]l6{ª yfNbf clxn] h:tf] kqsfl/tfsf] k4lt ljsf; ePsf] lyPg . ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ªdf tLg hgf kqsf/ x'“bf klg w]/} ePsf] h:tf] x'GYof] . kqsfl/tf jfNofj:yfdf lyof] . kf7s klg clxn] h:tf lyPgg\ . >f]tf klg ;Lldt lyP . To; ;donfO{ df]afOn kmf]gd} >Jo–b[Zo /]s8{ ug{ ;lsg] clxn]sf] o'u;“u t'ngf ug{ ;lsg] s'/} ePg .

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e}/j l/;fn

c? s]xL ;f+;b klg ;efd'v / ;f+;beGbf kqsf/sf] d'v x]y]{ .

pgLx?sf] rfxgf cfˆgf] egfOn] k|];df w]/} :yfg kfcf];\ eGg] x'GYof] .


xfdLn] l/kf]l6{ª cEof; Toxf“af6 ;'? u/]sf lyof}“ . d @)!# ;fn df3b]lv …xfnva/Ú ;fKtflxsdf cfa4 lyP“ .

tTsfnLg /fhfn] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ef cfkm}“ agfp“y] / lj36g uy]{ . ;fob Tof] ;ef hgdt cg';f/ /fHo ;~rfng u/]sf] eGg] kfg{ agfOGYof] . @))& sf] hgqmflGtkl5 /fhfn] hgtfaf6 r'lgPsf k|ltlglwn] agfPsf] u0ftGqfTds ;+ljwfg cg';f/ zf;g ;~rfng ug]{ k|lta4tf hgfPsf lyP . ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj gx'“bf;Ddsf nflu agfOPsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @))& df ljwfogL sfo{sf nflu k/fdz{ bft[ lgsfosf ?kdf ;Nnfxsf/ ;efsf] kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] lyof] . /fhfn] ;Nnfxsf/ ;ef k|wfgdGqLnfO{ cK7\of/f] x'g] vfnsf] agfp“y] . To;}n] ;Nnfxsf/ ;efn] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ eGbf b/af/nfO{ ;xof]u uYof]{ . To;aLrdf /fhfn] ;/sf/ agfpg] / kmfNg] ul//xGy] . l;kfn' k|wfgdGqLn] dfq} /fhf / ;Nnfxsf/;ef b'j}sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;Sy] .

xfdLn] ;Nnfxsf/ ;efsf] l/kf]l6{ª u/]sf] x'“bf ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª ug{ s]xL ;lhnf] eof] . Ps}k6s ;+;b\df l/kf]l6{ª ug{ ufx|f] lyof] . s] ;dfrf/ lbg], s] glbg] eGg] 5'6\ofpg ;DkfbsnfO{ klg cK7\of/f] kYof]{ . kqsfl/tf / ;+;bLo Joj:yf b'j}df xfd|f] cEof; lyPg . JolQmut ?kdf klg xfdL s]6fs]6L vfnsf lyof}“ . kqsfl/tf klg jfNofj:yfsf] lyof] . xfd|f] To;a]nfsf] kqsfl/tf s]6fs]6Lsf] v]nh:tf] lyof] . slxn] ldNYof], slxn] ldNb}gYof] .

Ps hgf ;f+;b lyP, lg:tf/ /fo ofbj . pgL ;nf{xLaf6 cfPsf lyP . pgL efif0f ug{ yfn]kl5 d'G6f] a6f/]/ k|]; Uofn/Ltkm{ x]y]{ . To;a]nfsf ;efd'v s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ -kl5 g]kfnL sfª\u|];sf ;efklt tyf k|wfgdGqL_n] …P dfggLoHo" otf x]g"{;\ otfÚ eGg'x'GYof] . c? s]xL ;f+;b klg ;efd'v / ;f+;beGbf kqsf/sf] d'v x]y]{ . pgLx?sf] rfxgf cfˆgf] egfOn] k|];df w]/} :yfg kfcf];\ eGg] x'GYof] . Tof] rfxgf xfdL slt k"/f ug{ ;SYof}, slt ;Sb}gYof} < xfdLn] jQmfsf] rfxgf cg';f/ jf d'v x]/]/ xf]Og, ljifo x]/]/ ;dfrf/ lbg] uyf}+{ . xfdLn] of] lbg] of] glbg] eGg] lgoGq0f lyPg . /fHonfO{ klg yfxf lyPg, xfdLnfO{ klg yfxf lyPg . cfkm} lgolGqt x'GYof} . oltlj£g v'nf klg lyPg . To;a]nf xfdL s]xL s]xL Joª\Uo 5fKYof} . slt hgfn] Joª\UofTds efif0f uy]{ . Tof] Joª\Uo ;dfTg ;Sof] eg] klqsfx?n] aS; Go'h 5fKy] . To;nfO{ 5'§}


;dfrf/ agfP/ lbGYof} . xfdLsxf /fhgLltdf Joª\Uo cToGt sd rN5 . To;a]nfsf] ;+;b\df Joª\Uo rNYof] . k|:6 efiffdf, xfsfxfsL eGg gx'g] h'g zAbx? x'Gy], To;nfO{ Joª\UofTds, sljtfTds, efjgfTds z}nLdf JoQm ul/GYof] . tLdWo] xfdL slt l6Kg ;SYof}, slt ;Sb}gYof} . Joª\Uo :jflbnf] x'GYof] / klqsf klg laSYof] .

clxn] t kqsfl/tf ljifo g} k9]/ kqsf/x? cEof;df cfp“5g\ . xfd|f] kfnfdf t kqsfl/tf l;Sg k9\g] eGg] g} lyPg . …uf]/vfkqÚ d"n klqsf lyof] . To;kl5 Úxfnva/… xf] . sfª\u|]; lgs6 /x]/ slxn] …sNkgf…, slxn] …lbofnf]…, …pHofnf]… klqsf k|sflzt x'Gy] eg] slxn] aGb x'Gy] . Pp6f aGb u/]kl5 csf]{ v'NYof] . …/]l8of] g]kfn…sf k|ltlglw k|foM l/kf]l6{ªdf cfp“y] . To;dWo] Ps hgf ef]Uok|;fb ;fx x'g'x'GYof] . kl5 pxf“ 8fO/]S6/ klg x'g'eof] . ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ªdf a9Ldf tLg hgf x'GYof}“ . clxn] tL; hgf 36L slxNo} x'“b}gg\ xf]nf .

Tolta]nf k|wfgdGqLn] ;+;b\df k|foM lnlvt efif0f uy]{ . xfdL Tof] dfUYof}“ . sDKo'6/ t x'g] s'/} ePg, kmf]6f]slk klg lyPg . 6fOk/fO6/af6 kf“r÷5 slk;Dd 6fOk ul/Psf] x'GYof] . kqsf/n] dfU5g\ eg]/ klxnf g} tof/ kfl/GYof] . w]/} ufx|f] x'“b}gYof] . clnlvt -PS;6]Dkf]_ af]Nof] eg] xfdLnfO{ wf}wf} x'GYof] . To;a]nf ;6{ x\ofG8 hfGg'k5{ eGg] x'GYof] . ;6{ x\ofG8 eg]sf] ;fª\s]ltsdf l6Kg] xf]nf . d}n] Tof] l;lsg“ . k9\gnfO{ k4lt klg lyPg . d}n] d kqsf/ x'“ eGbf v]/L ;6{ xfOg hfGg'ePsf] 5 eg]/ hfGg] dfG5]n] ;f]Wy] . 5}g eGg] pQ/ lbPkl5 eGy], s] l/kf]l6{ª ug{'x'G5 t <

clxn] / To;a]nfsf] ;fwg / ;|f]tsf] lx;fan] cfsfz / hldg xf]Og ls cfsfz / kftfnsf] km/s 5 . lbdfu g} sDo'6/, lbdfu g} df]afOn, h] eP klg lbdfus} e/ lyof] . clg, cIf/n] l6Kg' kYof]{ . ;+;b\df dGqL klg k|];lt/ x]y]{, vf;u/L ah]6 efif0f ubf{ o:tf]] u/]sf] ;Demgf 5 . Tolta]nfsf] ;+;b\df hª\uaxfb'/ rGb ;lrj ag]/ cfpg'eof] . To;kl5 clns ;xh eof] . ;fob hgtfsf k|ltlglw;“u ;f]emf] ;Dks{sf sf/0f klg xf]nf, ;/sf/L ;lrjeGbf oxf“ clns pbf/ x'g] u/]sf] cg'ej eof] .

;+;b\df slxn] gLltut s'/f cfp“y]], slxn] ljb]zsf s'/f cfp“y] . k|:6 ePg eg] dGqLnfO{ ;f]Wg] x}l;ot /fVYof}“ . dGqL clxn] h:tf] ems{+b}gy] .


;flng tl/sfn] o;f] eg]sf] xf] eg]/ :ki6 kfy]{ . s'g} jQmfn] ;+;b\df af]Nbf …kqsf/x?n] s] a'‰g'eof] < d}n] o;f] eg]sf] x}Ú eg]/ ;f/f+z bf]xf]¥ofP/ eGy] . t/, k|ltlglw;efsf ! ;o ( ;b:odf To:tf] ;f/f+z ldnfP/ eGg] lgs} sd lyP . o;/L ;f+;bx?n] kqsfl/tfnfO{ d2t g} uy]{ .

xfdLnfO{ lrof v'jfpg] ljifodf ;f+;bx?aLr k|lt:kwf{ rNYof] . sf]xL sf]xL t xfdLnfO{ lrof v'jfpg kfnf] s'/]/ a:y] . ;fob cfkm"n] lrof v'jfpg kfof] eg] ;dfrf/ /fd|f] lbG5g\ eGg] nfu]/ To;f] ul/GYof] xf]nf . slxn] s;}n] v'jfp“Yof], slxn] s;n] . dGqLn] klg kqsf/ d]/f] glhs cfP/ a;] x'GYof] h:tf] uy{] .

ef/tdf Tolta]nf ;+;b\ l/kf]l6{ª x'GYof] . To;a]nf !@ b]lv !% jif{ l/kf]l6{ª u/]sfn] dfq ;]G6«n xn -ef/tLo ;+;b\ ejg_leq hfg kfp“y] . t/, xfdLsxf“ ;]G6«n xn eGg] lyPg . Toxf“ ;]G6«n xndf ;'Tgsf nflu knª klg x'GYof] . ;+;b\df dflg; yfs] Toxf“ ;'Tg kfOg] /x]5 . d}n] lxGb':tfgsf] ;+;b\ klg x]/]sf] 5' .

;+;b\df ;'t]sf] t kqsf/n] klg b]Vg] eof] . To;}n] Toxf“ kl/kSj kqsf/nfO{ dfq k|j]z lbOg] /x]5 . d /fli6«o ;dfrf/ ;ldlt -/f;;_df lyP“ . lxGb':tfg uPsf a]nf ;]G6«n xn x]5{' eg]“ . Toxf“sf ;fyLx?n] b]vfOlbP . cf}krfl/s ?kdf x]g{ gkfOg] /x]5 t/ cgf}krfl/s ?kdf x]g]{ xf] eg] ldnfp“nf eg] . d}n] cgf}krfl/s ?kdf x]/]“ . knªx? lyP t/ d uPsf a]nf ;'Tg] ;Hhgrflx“ sf]xL lyPgg\ .

ef/tdf z"Go ;do eGbf k|Zgf]Q/sf] w]/} dxÎj x'“bf] /x]5 . Ps hgfn] af]l8{ª kf;lagf g} hxfh r9]/ emu8f u/]5 . s;/L l5¥of] eg]/ ;f+;bn] lgs} 7"nf] d'2fsf ?kdf p7fPsf lyP . Tolta]nf g]kfnsf] ;+;b\df klg k|Zgf]Q/ x'GYof] . z"Go ;dorflx“ dnfO{ ofb ePg . t/, ljz]if ;do lyof] . Tolta]nf k9]n]v]sf dflg;n] a]nfotL tl/sf cg's/0f ug{ vf]h]sf lyP . xfd|f] jftfj/0fdf Tof] slt pko'Qm eof], ePg cnUu} s'/f xf] .

klxnf] ;+;b\df sf]/d gk'Ug] eGg] ePg . clxn] t ;+ljwfgd} sf]/d k'Ug'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 . To; ;dosf] hg;ª\Vofsf] cg'kftdf ! ;o ( hgfsf] ;+;b\ ;fgf] lyPg . zDe'/fd >]i7 / t'n;Lnfn cdfTon] af]Ng] eg]kl5 ;a} hgf ;hu eP/ ;'Gy] . s]xL v“lbnf] af]N5g\ eGg] x'GYof] . k|ltlglw;efdf g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf hDdf $ ;b:o lyP . k|d'v


k|ltkIf uf]vf{ kl/ifb\sf e/tzdz]/ / d[u]Gb|zdz]/n] rflxg] s'/f dfq af]Ny] . tNnf] ;bgdf ;Qf?9 g]kfnL sfª\u]|;sf] &$ / ljkIfL uf]vf{ kl/ifb\sf] @) l;6 lyof] . af“sL ;b:o k|hfkl/ifb\;lxtsf ;fgf bnsf / :jtGq lyP . dflyNnf] ;bgdf lgjf{lrt !* / /fhfaf6 dfgf]gLt !* u/L #^ ;b:o lyP .

Tolta]nf xfdL b/af/df x'g] zkyu|x0fdf hfGYof}“ . n}hfg]– Nofpg] aGbf]a:t x'GYof] . klxnf] ;+;b\sf] klxnf] a}7s /ftLsf] 7Ls !@ ah] ;'? ul/Psf] lyof] . Ho]i7 ;b:on] klxnf] ;+;b\ a}7ssf] cWoIftf u/]sf lyP . /fhfn] ;bgdf ;/sf/sf] jflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmd k9\y] . /fhfn] d]/f] ;/sf/ eGy] . d]/f] ;/sf/n] o;f] ug]{ eGy], d eGb}gy] .

To;a]nf kqsf/x?sf] v'a OHht x'GYof] . clxn] OHht u/] klg b]vfj6L u5{g\ . clxn] ;a}sf] u'Xo ;a}nfO{ yfxf eof] . Tolta]nf cvaf/df lg:Sof] eg] To;sf] dfg] x'GYof] . t/, clxn] 5}g . Tolta]nf ;fKtflxs ?kdf klqsf 5flkGy] . 7fp“ ;fx|} yf]/} x'GYof] . l;;fsf] cIf/ sDkf]h / l8sDkf]h x'GYof] . cIf/ ;fgf] agfpg klg Jofjxfl/s lyPg . To;}n] xfdLn] cToGt ;ª\lIfKt l/kf]l6{ª uYof}+ { . …uf]/vfkqÚ b}lgs ePsf] lyPg . …/]l8of] g]kfnÚ klg lglZrt ;do dfq} k|;f/0f x'GYof] . ;dfrf/sf nflu 7fp“ g} x'“b}GYof] . hlt l6kf]6 u/] klg ;dfrf/ ;ª\lIfKt x'GYof] .

lgs} kl5 dfq /]s8{ l;:6d cfof] . xfdL dGqL;“u s'/fsfgL ubf{ 6]k /fVYof}“ . dGqL s'Sss'Ss u/]/ af]Ng} ;Sb}gy] . s]xL af]Nof] eg] b/af/df l/kf]6{ k'U5 / ufn k5{ eg]/ af]Ng 8/fp“y] . s'g} dGqLsf] t 6]k /fv]kl5 af]nL g} km'6\b}gYof], To;} cflQGy] . 6]k lgsfn]kl5 aNn af]Ny] .

xfdLnfO{ lrof v'jfpg] ljifodf ;f+;bx?aLr k|lt:kwf{

rNYof] . sf]xL sf]xL t xfdLnfO{ lrof v'jfpg kfnf] s'/]/ a:y] .

;fob cfkm"n] lrof v'jfpg kfof] eg] ;dfrf/ /fd|f] lbG5g\ eGg]

nfu]/ To;f] ul/GYof] xf]nf . slxn] s;}n] v'jfp“Yof], slxn] s;n] . dGqLn] klg kqsf/ d]/f] glhs

cfP/ a;] x'GYof] h:tf] uy{] .


klxnf] ;+;b\df s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ ;efd'v x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“ klxnf kqsf/ x'g'x'GYof] . To;}n] klg pxf“;“u /fd|f] ;DaGw /Xof] . e]63f6 ;lhnf] x'GYof] . ;efd'vn] c?nfO{ klg kqsf/;“u /fd|f];“u Jojxf/ ug{";\ eGg'x'GYof] . Tolt eGgf;fy k|zf;gn] pRr Jojxf/ uYof]{ . xfdL klg cg'zf;gdf a:g] sf]l;; uYof}{+ .

xfdLnfO{ ;+;b\ hfg Tolta]nf kf; lbOGYof] . s]xL k4lt lyof] xf]nf t/ dnfO{ ofb 5}g . Uofn/L a}7s sIfdf k|]; Uofn/L lyof], hxf“ kf“r hgf a:g] 7fp“ lyof] . l/kf]l6{ªsf nflu …uf]/vfkqÚaf6 klg lgoldt cfp“b}gy] .

/fli6«o k~rfotsf] ;dodf rflx“ /f;;n] sfo{no g} /fv]sf] lyof] . ;'?sf] /fli6«o k~rfot k|];sf nflu v'nf lyPg . ;lrjfnon] lgsfn]sf] ljj/0fsf cfwf/df l/kf]l6{ª ug'{kYof]{ . kl5 k~rfotdf klg l/kf]l6{ª ug{ kfOg] eof] . pgLx?n] va/bf/ eGy], xfdL va/bf/ d]G6]g uYof}{+ .

k~rfotdf l/kf]l6{ª ubf{ d}n] Psk6 kmnfgf] lbg ah]6 cfpg] eg]/ ;dfrf/ n]v]“ . slt cfpg], s:tf] cfpg] eGg] k|Zg} lyPg . t/ klg pgLx?n] ;x]gg\ . /f;; / dnfO{ sf/afxL ug]{ eg] . clg, d}n] eg]“, of] l/kf]l6{ª d}n] u/]sf] x'“ . sf/afxL d ef]U5', y'lgG5' . To;kl5 ldNof] . sf/afxL u5{' eGg] /fli6«o k~rfot ;lrjfno lyof] . k~rfot sfndf ah]6 cfp“5 eGg] klg uf]Ko / lbg gldNg] ;"rgf lyof] .

/fli6«o k~rfotsf ;b:ox? kqsf/;“u lgs} xf]; uy]{ . clxn] ;dfr/ k9\g xtf/ u/]h:tf] nfU5 . slxn] s]6fs]6L v]n]h:tf] nfU5, slxn] slxn] /fd|f] klg x'G5 . cr]n kqsfl/tfdf w}o{ sd, x8a8 / cz'4 w]/} x'G5 .

-jl/i7 kqsf/ l/;fn;“u dgf]h ;Tofnn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t_


;+;bLo ;dfrf/ / kqsf/sf] cfrf/0f

;+;b\ hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qf k|of]u ug]{ d'n'ssf] ;jf]{Rr hgk|ltlglw;ef xf] . nf]stGq jf k|hftGq h] eg] klg hgtfn] cfkm}“åf/f lgld{t P]g–sfg'gaf6 zfl;t x'g] k|0ffnL cjnDag u/]sf] x'gfn] ;+;b\sf] dxÎj xfd|f nflu emg\ w]/} 5 . clt ;Ddfg u/]/ xf]nf, sltkon] o;nfO{ nf]stGqsf] dlGb/ klg eG5g\ .

o;sf lg0f{o / lg0f{o k|lqmof;lxtsf sfdsf/afxLaf/] l/kf]l6{ª ubf{ kqsf/n] ;+j}wflgs, sfg'gL / o; ;Da4 lgod÷lgb]{lzsf;lxt ljifoj:t';DaGwL Go"gtd ;"rgf / 1fg /fVg'k5{ . ;+;b\sf] lgdf{0f / sfdsf/afxLaf/] ;+ljwfgn] s] eg]sf] 5 eGg] hfgsf/L kqsf/;“u x'g' h?/L 5 .

;+;b\df ;f+;bsf sfdsf/afxL, ltgn] lng] lg0f{o, ltgsf egfO / ef]ufOx? kqsf/sf nflu /fd|f ;dfrf/ x'g\ . t/, o:tf sfdsf/afxLaf/] s'g} ;dfrf/, sfo{qmd jf ;DkfbsLo l6Kk0fL ;fj{hlgs ubf{ s'g} ;+j}wflgs ;Ldfsf] pNnª\3g eof]÷ePg eg]/ x]Ssf /fVg' h?/L 5 . h:tf] ls,

lzj ufp“n]

olb /fhgLltnfO{ v]n dfGg] xf] eg] ;+;b\ v]n d}bfg xf] . t;y{, /fhgLlts bn, ;f+;b, ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf kbflwsf/L / kqsf/aLrsf] ;DaGw k];fut lgi7fdf

cfwfl/t x'g'k5{ .


g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f !)# sf] pkwf/f -#_ df …;ª\3Lo ;+;b\sf] s'g} klg sfdsf/afxLnfO{ To;sf] c;n lgotaf/] zª\sf p7fO s'g} 6Lsf–l6Kk0fL ul/g] 5}g / s'g} ;b:on] af]n]sf] s'g} s'/fsf] ;DaGwdf hfgLhfgL unt jf e|fds cy{ nufO s'g} k|sf/sf] k|sfzg tyf k|;f/0f ul/g] 5}gÚ elgPsf] 5 .

;+;b\sf sfdsf/afxLnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ag]sf P]g, sfg'g, lgodfjnLsf af/]df Go"gtd hfgsf/L kqsf/;“u x'g'k5{ . Pp6} ljw]os jf k|:tfj ;+;b\df lsg k6s–k6s k]; x'G5 / k6s–k6s kfl/t x'G5 eGg] s'/fsf] e]p kfOPg eg] ;+;b\df k|j]z ug{ cg'dlt kfPsf] ljw]osnfO{ kfl/t ePsf] eg]/ n]Vg] uNtL x'gk'U5 . ljutdf xfdLn] o:tf uNtL k6s–k6s u/]sf 5f}“ . ca cfg} cg'ejaf6 klg l;Sg xfdLn] l9nf ug'{x'Gg?

;+;bLo k|0ffnL ;+ljwfg sfg'g / lgodaf6 dfq} lgb]{lzt x'“b}g . o;sf sltko sfdsf/afxLdf k/Dk/fnfO{ klg x]g]{ ul/G5 . ;+;bLo k|0ffnLdf o;sf c;n cEof; / k/Dk/fx? sfg'g, lgod;/x dfg]/ ltgsf] kfngf ul/G5 . kqsf/n] ;+ljwfg, sfg'g / lgodn] :ki6 gtf]s]sf ljifoj:t' / k|lqmofsf af/]df cfg} / cGoq cjnDag ul/Psf c;n cEof;x? s] s] 5g\ eGg]af/]df w]/yf]/ hfgsf/L /fVg'k5{?

o'/f]lkog o'lgogsf] ;+;b\sf ;f+;bsf nflu ag]sf] cfrf/;+lxtfn] t ;f+;bnfO{ oltla£g lgoGq0f u/]sf] 5 ls ;f+;b ePsf a]nf ;+;b\aflx/sf] sdfO, ;xof]u, pkxf/ pNn]v ug'{kg]{, c? :jfy{ aflemg] sfd ug{ gx'g] elgPsf] 5 . xfd|f] kqsfl/tfn] ug'{kg]{ t/ w]/}xb;Dd phfu/ ug{ g;s]sf] ljifo of] klg xf] . xfd|f ;+f;bx?sf :jfy{ aflemg] d'2fx? s] s] x'g\ eg]/ klxrfg ug{ xfdLn] ;s]sf 5}gf}“ . a}+lsª s;'/ tyf ;hfo P]g -aflkmof_, lzIff, ;fj{hlgs vl/bnufotsf P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]osdf lsg s'g} cd"s ;+f;bsf] dfq} a9L ?lr b]lvG5 eGg]df kqsf/sf gh/ zª\sfn' x'g'k5{ . t/, oL ljifodf l/kf]l6{ª ubf{ ultnf] cfwf/–k|df0f h'6fpg] / …Pp6f ;|f]t dfq}sf] e/ kbf{ uNtL x'g ;S5Ú eGg] s'/fdf kqsf/ ;hu x'g'k5{ .

kqsf/n] ljifoj:t'nfO{ h] xf] ToxL ?kdf a'em\g'k5{ .;+;b\sf ultljlwnfO{ …se/Ú ubf{ Tof] 5nkmn lyof], ax; lyof] jf rrf{ ul/Psf] lyof] eGg]df :ki6 x'g'k5{ . To;nfO{ ;+;b\df ePsf] ljjfb eGg ;lsG5÷;lsGg olsg ug{'k5{ . bnx?sf aLrdf ljjfbh:tf] b]lvP klg ;fdfGotof ;+;b\df …


ljjfbÚ xf]Og, ax; x'g]u5{ . of] e]b 5'6\ofpg g;Sbf slxn]sfxL“ xfdLnfO{ ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª emu8fsf] ;:tf] ;dfrf/ h:tf] nfUg ;S5 .

g]kfnL a[xt\ zAbsf]z cg';f/ …ljjfbÚ eGgfn] …s'g} ljifo, ;d:of jf s'/fnfO{ lnP/ ul/g] 5nkmn, ax;, jfb–ljjfbÚ a'lemG5 . …ax;Ú eGgfn] …s'g} ljifo jf kIfsf] s'/f k|dfl0ft ug{sf nflu ul/g] ;jfn–hjfkm, 5nkmn, ts{ljts{, k}/jLÚ a'lemG5 . ca ;+;b\df ePsf] ;jfnhjfkm ljjfb lyof] jf ax; 5'6\ofpg] lhDdf ;+jfbbftfsf] xf] . d]/f ljrf/df xfd|f sdhf/Lx? oxL“ 5g\ .

;+;b\n] u/]sf] lg0f{o / cjnDag u/]sf] k|lqmofsf af/]df l/kf]l6{ª ubf{ cfwf/–k|df0f;lxt j:t'ut ;dLIff ug{'k5{ . oBlk, of] kqsfl/tfsf] :jLs[t ljlw / cjnDag ul/Psf] dfGo l;4fGt xf] . ;+;b\sf] xsdf klg of] h:tfsf] t:t} nfu" x'g'k5{ . ;+;b\df s'g} ljifo lnlvt ?kdf jf /]s8{ ePsf] cj:yfdf kfpg ;lsG5 . cGo sltko ljifo klg cGtjf{tf{ jf ;"qx? k|of]u u/]/ ;"rgf ;ª\sng ug{ ;lsG5 . t/, o;sf] k/LIf0f ug{ r'Sg'x'“b}g .

;fdfGotof ;+;b\df k|];sf] k“x'raf6 g} ;j{;fwf/0fn] ;+;bLo ultljlw yfxf kfp“5g\ . To;}n] ;+;b\df k|];sf] kx'“r eg]s} hgtfsf] kx“'r xf] eGg ;lsG5 . k|];sf] v'nf, lgjf{w / kf/bzL{ k|j]z k|0ffnLaf6 g} xfdL of] nIo k|fKt ug{ ;S5f}“ . t/, o;f] eGg'sf] cy{ ;+;b\df k|];n] k|j]z kfpg' p;n] dgkl/ ug{ kfpg' xf]Og . k|];sf] k|j]zsf] cfwf/, tx, :yfg / k|lqmofnfO{ ;+;b\sf lgod / ;efd'vsf] cfb]zn] Jojl:yt ug{ ;S5 . o'/f]lkog o'lgog;lxt ;+;f/sf ;+;bLo k|0ffnLn] :yflkt u/]sf 5g\ ls, o:tf] lgod k|];n] klg dfGg'k5{ .

;f+;bsf ultljlw, ;+;b\sf] lg0f{o / lg0f{o k|lqmofdf ;xeflutfsf af/]df ;dfrf/, sfo{qmd jf ;DkfbsLo l6Kk0fL k|sfzg jf k|;f/0f ubf{ To:tf] ;dfrf/, sfo{qmd jf ;DkfbsLo l6Kk0fL :jtGq, j:t'lgi7, tYok/s / ;Gt'lnt 5 eGg]df kqsf/ ljZj:t x'g'k5{ . cGoyf xfd|f ;dfrf/, sfo{qmd / ;DkfbsLo l6Kk0fLx? ljZj;gLo x'“b}gg\ / ;+;b\df k|];sf] kx'“rnfO{ hgtfsf] kx'“r eg]/ a'em\g 5f8\g] cj:yf l;h{gf x'gk'U5 .

kqsf/n] k|sfzg jf k|;f/0f u/]sf ;fdu|Lx? ljZj;gLo x'g'k5{ . tL ;fdu|Lx? q'l6/lxt x'g'k5{ . t/, dfgjLo sdhf]/L jf cfˆgf] kx'raflx/sf


sf/0fn] s'g} uNtL x'g uPdf tTsfn ;Rofpg' kqsf/sf] lhDd]jf/L xf]? k|sflzt jf k|;fl/t ;dfrf/df q'l6 x'g uPsf] yfxf kfpgf;fy v08g ug{' kqsf/sf] bfloTj xf] . cfrf/;+lxtfsf] :ki6 dfkb08 of] xf] ls, ;k|df0f v08g jf k|ltlqmof cfPdf k|:6 efiffdf plrt :yfg lbO{ oyfzL3| uNtL ;RofO k|sfzg–k|;f/0f ug{'k5{ . s'g} kqsf/n] uNtL ;RofPkl5 klg ;DalGwt kIfnfO{ lrQ ga'em]df pm Ifltk"lt{ bfaL u/]/ cbfnt hfg ;S5 . ;+;f/sf nf]stflGqs k|0ffnLsf Gofofnox?n] Tof] uNtL kqsf/n] lgotjz u/]sf] xf] ls xf]Og eg]/ x]g]{ u/]sf] kfOG5 .

;dfrf/ jf sfo{qmd k|:t't ubf{ ;dfrf/sf] cflwsfl/stf / ljZj;gLotfsf nflu ;|f]t pNn]v ug{'k5{ . of] kqsfl/tfsf] dxÎjk"0f{ cf}hf/ xf] . t/, uf]Ko ;|f]tsf] ;+/If0f ug]{ bfloTj kqsf/sf] ePsfn] ;|f]tsf] OR5f jf cg'dlta]u/ To:tf uf]Ko ;|f]tsf] gfd jf klxrfg v'nfpg' x'“b}g . lsgeg], ;dfrf/ ;|f]t ;+jfbbftfsf] k'“hL xf] .

elgG5– ;fdfrf/, sfo{qmd jf ;DkfbsLo ;fdu|Ldf ;DalGwt kqsf/sf] lgot klg x]l/G5 . t;y{, s'g} /fhgLlts bn, ;f+;b jf ;+;b\sf sd{rf/Laf6 k|sfzg–k|;f/0f jf ;dfrf/ ;fdu|Lsf ?kdf ljt/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] lnPsf] ;"rgf ;fdu|L lghL :jfy{k"lt{sf nflu k|of]u ug{'x'“b}g . oxf“lg/ kqsf/sf] klg :jfy{ gldNg] If]qsf] v'nf;f x'g'kg]{÷gkg]{ ax;sf] ljifo x'g ;S5 .

cGTodf ;+;b\ /fhgLltsf] s]Gb| xf] . k|wfgdGqL aGg]÷9fNg], /fi6«klt lhtfpg]÷x/fpg], k|:tfljt k|wfgGofofwLzsf] gfd cg'df]bg ug]{÷gug]{ sfd ;+;b\sf] xf] . o; cy{df olb /fhgLltnfO{ v]n dfGg] xf] eg] ;+;b\ v]n d}bfg xf] . t;y{, /fhgLlts bn, ;f+;b, ;+;b\ kbflwsf/L / kqsf/aLrsf] ;DaGw k];fut lgi7fdf cfwfl/t x'g'k5{ . cGoyf kqsfl/tf dfq} Jofj;flos x'g g;Sg] xf]Og ls hgtfsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]u ug]{ ;+;b\ klg k|efjsf/L x'g ;Sb}g .

-jl/i7 kqsf/ ufp“n] vf]h kqsfl/tf s]Gb|sf ;Dkfbs x'g\ ._


ljsf; kqsfl/tf, kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf;

lj1fgsf sIffdf ldl8of -cfd;~rf/dfWod_af/] k9fpg] Pp6f /f]rs tl/sf 5 . lzIfsn] 3G6LnfO{ 6]andf /fv]/ l;;fsf] ef“8f]n] 5f]lklbG5g\ . l;;fsf] ef“8f] / 6]an hf]l8Psf] 7fp“af6 xfjf cfpghfg g;sf];\ eg]/ Toxf“ d}g nufOlbG5g\ . To;kl5 3G6Lsf] :jLr lyR5g\ / ljBfyL{nfO{ ;f]W5g\M of] 3G6L ah]sf] 5 ls 5}g <

o;n] ljBfyL{nfO{ cndNofp“5 . 3G6L ah]sf] 5}g egf}“ eg] l;;faflx/af6} yls{Psf] k|:6 b]lvG5 . gahLsg yls{g] s'/f ePg . ah]sf] 5 egf}“ eg] cfjfh ;'lgPsf] x'“b}g .

To;kl5 lzIfsn] o:t} s'/f eG5g\, 3G6L ah]sf] 5 t/ To;jl/kl/ a:g] dflg;n] 3G6L ah]sf] ;'Gb}gg\ . 3G6L / dflg;sf aLr xfjfn] ldl8of -;~rf/dfWod_sf] sfd u5{ t/ oxf“ Tof] xfjf cfpg–hfg g;Sg] agfPsfn] 3G6L ah] klg ah]h:tf] g;'lgPsf] xf] .

To;kl5 pgn] l;;f / 6]ansf] hf]8\gLaf6 d}g x6fP/ xfjf cfpg–hfg ;Sg] agfp“5g\ / :jLr lyR5g\ . o;k6s 3G6L ah]sf] ;'lgG5 .

df]xg d}gfnL

ljsf; kqsfl/tfn] ;fdflhs–cfly{s ;+/rgf lsg kl/jt{g x'g'k5{ < oL ;+/rgf slta]nf kl/jt{g x'G5g\ < sxf“ / s;/L kl/jt{g x'g'k5{ < lognfO{ s;n] kl/jt{g u5{, ug{'k5{ < h:tf k|Zgsf] pQ/ lbg'k5{ .


o; pbfx/0fnfO{ kqsfl/tf cyf{t\ ldl8ofsf k|;ª\udf klg pkof]u ug{ ;lsG5 . hxf“ ldl8of x'“b}g, Toxf“ klg sfd t eO/x]sf] x'G5 t/ To;af/] dflg;nfO{ yfxf x'“b}g . To;}n], xfdLn] uj{;“u eGg ;S5f}“– xfdLn] dxÎjk"0f{ sfd u/]sf 5f}“ .

k|Zg p7\g ;S5, ;dfhsf ;a} dflg;n], ;w}“el/ u/]sf ;a} sfdnfO{ ldl8ofn] ;a} dflg;;Dd k'¥ofp“5 < of] t g;lsg] sfd xf] . g]kfnaf6 lg:sg] s'g} b}lgs klqsfn] g]kfn ;Ldfleq a;]sf ;a} g]kfnL / ;a} ljb]zLn] lat]sf @$ 3G6fdf u/]sf ;a} sfd 5fKg] xf] eg] Tof] klqsf slt k]hsf] x'“bf] xf] Û

cyf{t\ cfd;~rf/sf dfWodn] ;a} dflg;n] u/]sf ;a} sfdaf/] atfp“b}gg\ . ;~rf/dfWodsf sfdaf/] a'e\mg Psk6s Pg OG6«f]8S;g 6" df; sDo'lgs];G; gfds lstfa x]/f}“ . Toxf“ o;f] elgPsf] 5 M ;fj{hlgs cf]xf]bfdf a;]sf dflg;n] u/]sf /fd|f / g/fd|f sfdaf/] l/kf]6{ ug{', cNk;ª\Vosnufot ;a} dflg;sf ;'vL hLjg af“Rg vf]Hg] rfxgfsf] JofVof ug{', c;fdflhs JolQm / ;d"x -tf]lsPsf] sfd gug{], e|i6frf/ ug{]nufot_sf unt sfddfly k|sfz kfg{', lzIff, jftfj/0f / oftfoft k|0ffnL ;'wfg{sf nflu ;d'bfo, /fHo / b]znfO{ ;xdt u/fpg' .

ldl8ofsf] dxÎjaf/] Toxf“ elgPsf] 5 M s'g} sf/0fn] ldl8of gx'g] xf] eg] dfgj ;Eotf Wj:t x'G5 .

ldl8ofsf] k/Dk/fut wf/0ffn] klg ldl8of / ljsf; tyf Gofof]lrt ;dfhsf aLrdf ulx/f] ;DaGw x'G5 eGg] b]vfPsf] 5 . t/, k/Dk/fut l/kf]l6{ªsf s]xL sdhf]/L 5g\ . k/Dk/fut wf/0ff cg';f/ s'g} s'/f 5fKg] ls g5fKg] eGgsf nflu cJofjxfl/s dfkb08 ckgfOG5 . h:t} M ;dfrf/ x'gsf nflu 36gf tfhf x'g'k5{ .

o; dfkb08 cg';f/ s'g} l/kf]6{/n] ul/aL, ue{jtL x'“bf dlxnf dg{] cj:yf, af]S;Lsf gfddf b'Jo{jxf/ ug{] rng, dlxnf anfTs[t x'“bf ;dfh r'k nfu]/ a:g] rng, ljsf;sf sfdaf6 lglZrt dflg;n] dfq nfe

k/Dk/fut kqsfl/tfn] ;fdfGotof ;dfhdf ePsf g/fd|f s'/fsf] l/kf]l6{ª ug{df a9L Wofg lbG5 . t/, ljsf; kqsfl/tfn] /fd|f sfd cyf{t\ ;sf/fTds ljifosf] klg l/kf]l6{ª ug{'k5{ eG5 .


lng] rngsf af/]df l/kf]l6{ª ug{] ls gug{] eGgsf nflu p;n] cfk}“mnfO{ ;f]Wg'k5{ of] 36gf tfhf xf] ls xf]Og <

dflysf s'/f tfhf x'g] s'/} ePg . To;}n] lognfO{ 5fl8lbp“ eGg'k5{ . kqsfl/tfsf k/Dk/fut wf/0ffsf log} sdhf]/L x6fpg t];|f] ljZjdf

ljsf; kqsfl/tfsf] cjwf/0ff cfof] . o;n] ;~rf/dfWodn] dfly elgPsf sfdafx]s yk sfd klg ug{'k5{ eGof] . of] l;4fGt cg';f/ kqsf/n] lgDg ;Gb]z 5g{'k5{ M cfh xfdLn] u/]sf sfdn] xfd|f] eljio lgwf{/0f u5{, ljsf; c?n] ul/lb“b}g, ljb]zLn] t emg\ ul/lb“b}g, ljsf; cfk}“}mn] ug{'k5{ . cyf{t\, cfk\mgf] efUo cfk}“m agfpg'k5{ .

g]kfnsf ufp“sf nflu rflxg] k"jf{wf/df clxn];Dd ! va{ () ca{ nufgL eO;s]sf] 5 /] Û t/, ltgsf] xfnsf] jf:tljs d"No !% ca{ ¿k}of“ x'G5 /] Û af“sL nufgL a]sf/ eof] /] Û

o; tYosf] ;xf/f lnP/ xfdLn] v]/ uO/x]sf] nufgL / ljsf;sf] o:tf] sfd gnfUg] cjwf/0fflj?4 hgdt tof/ ug{ kf] ;S5f}“ ls <

ljsf; kqsfl/tfn] ljsf;sf lgDg k|lqmofaf/] klg atfOlbg'k5{ eG5M gof“ kl/of]hgf / k|lqmofdf ;+nUg dflg;, kl/jt{gsf] k|lqmof, gof“ pTkfbg, gof“ k|ljlw, gof“ tl/sf, gof“ pkfo, hf] xfd|f nflu nfebfos 5g\ .

ljsf; kqsfl/tf eg]sf] ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljifosf] l/kf]l6{ª klg xf] . o;n] lgDg k|Zgsf pQ/ klg lbg'k5{M ;fdflhs–cfly{s ;+/rgf lsg kl/jt{g x'g'k5{ < oL ;+/rgf slta]nf kl/jt{g x'G5g\ < sxf“ / s;/L kl/jt{g x'g'k5{ < lognfO{ s;n] kl/jt{g u5{, ug{'k5{ <

;fdfGotof ljsf; kqsfl/tf eg]kl5 ufp“sf s'/f p7fpg] eGg] rng 5 . ufp“ g} ufp“ ePsf] 7fp“df t of] s'/f 7Ls} xf]nf t/ h'g 7fp“df ;x/

lgx'“ ljsf;sf] eg] klg kqsfl/tf dfG5]sf] ug{'k5{ . o;f] u/]sf

v08df dflg;nfO{ ?lrs/ ;fdu|L tof/ x'G5 . e"sDksf] :6f]/L ubf{

To;n] Iflt k'¥ofPsf dfG5]sf] :6f]/L ug{ ;lsPnf . af6f]sf] :6f]/L ubf{ sfnf]kq] af6f]sf] nDafO, af6f] agfpg nfu]sf]

vr{sf] dfq xf]Og, af6f]n] kmfObf / a]kmfObf k'¥ofPsf dflg;sf] klg

:6f]/L ug{ ;lsPnf .


klg 5, Toxf“ ljsf; kqsfl/tfn] ;x/sf ljifo klg ;d]6\g'k5{ . 7"nf] xNnfvNnf gePsf t/ 7"nf] ;d:of ag]sf ;x/L ljifodf klg l/kf]l6{ª ug{'k5{ .

s'g} 7fp“sf af/]df l/kf]l6{ª ubf{ xfdLn] lgDg k|Zg ;f]Wg'k5{ M o; 7fp“df s] s:tf ;|f]t–;fwg 5g\ < ltgsf] pkof]u s;/L

ul/Psf] 5 < tL ;|f]t–;fwgsf] pkof]uaf6 s;n] nfe lnO/x]sf 5g\ < o; 7fp“sf dflg;;“u s] s:tf ;Lk 5g\ < o; 7fp“df s] s:tf ef}lts tyf ;fdflhs ;+/rgf 5g\ < o; 7fp“sf dflg;n] rfx]sf d'Vo s'/f s] x'g\ < o; 7fp“df ljsf;sf s] s:tf ultljlw eO/x]sf 5g\ < ltgaf6 s;n] a9L nfe lnPsf 5g\ < ltgaf6 s;n] sd nfe kfPsf 5g\ < s;}n] a9L / s;}n] sd nfe kfpg] cj:yf s;/L cfof] < ltgaf6 s;nfO{ xflg k'u]sf] 5 <

ljsf; kqsfl/tf ubf{ xfdLn] ;dfhsf cGo kIfaf/] klg a'e\mg'k5{ . tL o; k|sf/ 5g\ M

o; 7fp“df ljsf;sf nfe lng] dfdnfdf ;a}eGbf k5fl8 k/]sf ;d'bfo s'g x'g\ < pgLx? lsg k5fl8 k/]sf x'g\ < pgLx?nfO{ ljsf;sf sfdaf6 nfe lng ;Sg] agfpg s] ug{'k5{ <

ljsf; kqsfl/tfsf] cjwf/0ff ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf tfgfzfxx?n] kqsf/nfO{ /fhgLltafx]ssf ljifodf cndNofpg NofPsf x'g\ egL cf]nfrgf ul/G5 . t/, ljsf; kqsfl/tf ubf{ /fhgLlts ljifo klg kl/xfN5 lsgeg] ljsf; /fhgLlt;“u ;f]e}m hf]l8g] u5{ . ljsf; kqsfl/tf eg]sf] ePsf ljsf;sf] dfq l/kf]l6{ª xf]Og, gePsf t/ x'g'kg{] ljsf;sf] l/kf]l6{ª klg xf] .

ljsf; kqsfl/tf eg]sf] e|i6frf/sf] l/kf]l6{ª klg xf] . ljsf;sf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] k};f s'g af6f]af6 s;sxf“ k'Uof], ljsf;sf sfdn] k'¥ofpg'kg{] kmfObf s;sxf“ k'Uof] eGg] h:tf s'/fsf] l/kf]l6{ª klg ljsf; kqsfl/tfleq k5{ .

cfh xfdLn] u/]sf sfdn] xfd|f] eljio lgwf{/0f u5{, ljsf; c?n] ul/lb“b}g, ljb]zLn] t emg\ ul/lb“b}g, ljsf; cfk}“}mn] ug{'k5{ . cyf{t\, cfk\mgf] efUo cfk}“m agfpg'k5{ .


ljsf; kqsfl/tf / k/Dk/fut kqsfl/tfsf aLrdf Pp6f leGgtf 5 . Tof] xf] M k/Dk/fut kqsfl/tfn] ;fdfGotof ;dfhdf ePsf g/fd|f s'/fsf] l/kf]l6{ª ug{df a9L Wofg lbG5 . t/, ljsf; kqsfl/tfn] /fd|f sfd cyf{t\ ;sf/fTds ljifosf] klg l/kf]l6{ª ug{'k5{ eG5 . o;f] ug{' eg]sf] kqsfl/tfn] ;dfhsf] P]gfsf] sfd ug{' klg xf] . ;dfhdf g/fd|f sfd dfq x'“b}gg\, Toxf“ ePsf /fd|f sfdnfO{ klg p7fP/ kqsfl/tfn] c? dflg;df hf“u/ hufOlbg ;S5 elgG5 .

gof“ s'/f hlxNo} klg ;dfrf/ x'G5 . ;a}n] g/fd|f sfd ul//x]sf 7fp“df Psfwn] /fd|f sfd u/] eg] To;df gof“kg cfOxfNof] . To;}n] g/fd|} g/fd|fsf aLrdf ePsf /fd|f sfd ;dfrf/ aGg emg\ a9L of]Uo x'G5g\ .

ljsf; kqsfl/tfsf] csf{] ljz]iftf s] 5 eg] of] ;dfrf/ h:tf] ;'lg÷kl9÷x]l/;Sg] lalQs} af;L x'“b}g . n]v]sf] w]/} ;dokl5 klg of] plQs} ;fGble{s x'G5 . o; lx;fan] x]bf{ ljsf; kqsfl/tf u/]/ tof/ ePsf ;fdu|Lsf] cfo' cln a9L x'G5 .

o:tf] vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{sf nflu ;dfrf/ dfq kof{Kt x'“b}g . o;sf nflu lkmr/ -ulx/fOdf k'u]/ n]lvg] lkmr/, vf]hd"ns lkmr/;d]t_h:tf kqsfl/tfsf cGo ljwfsf] klg pkof]u ug{'k5{ . ljsf;;“u ;DalGwt hNbfaNbf ljifodf ljrf/ n]Vg ;lsG5 . ltgsf] ljZn]if0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

o:tf] kqsfl/tf ug{sf nflu ;fdfGo vfnsf] kqsfl/tf ug{eGbf a9L of]Uotf rflxG5 . x'gtM kqsf/ x'g b'O{j6f dfq} sfd ug{ hfg] k'U5 elgG5 . tL b'O{ s'/f x'g\ M -!_ h] ljifodf ;fdu|L tof/ ug{] xf] ;f] ljifodf kf]Vt x'g], -@_ k|:t'lt snfdf bIf x'g] .

kqsfl/tfdf Pp6f s] e|d 5l/Psf] 5 eg] kqsf/n] ;a}yf]s clncln hfGg'k5{, s'g} ljifodf kf]Vt eg] x'g'kb{}g . /fd|f] kqsfl/tf ug{sf nflu o; egfOnfO{ o;/L k]mg{'k5{M kqsf/n] ;a}yf]s clncln

ljsf; kqsfl/tf eg]sf] e|i6frf/sf] l/kf]l6{ª klg xf] .

ljsf;sf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf] k};f s'g af6f]af6 s;sxf“ k'Uof], ljsf;sf sfdn] k'¥ofpg'kg{]

kmfObf s;sxf“ k'Uof] eGg] h:tf s'/fsf] l/kf]l6{ª klg ljsf;

kqsfl/tfleq k5{ .


hfGg'k5{, Pp6f ljifodf rflx“ kf]Vt x'g'k5{ . ljsf; kqsfl/tf ug{ rfxg] kqsf/df of] u'0f x'g' cem a9L h?/L 5 .

o;f] eGg'sf] Pp6f sf/0f s] xf]nf eg] s'g} Pp6f ljifodf kf]Vt x'gsf nflu cWoog–cg';Gwfgsf ;xL tl/sf hfGg}k5{ . o:tf] tl/sf hflg;s]kl5 ltg} tl/sf pkof]u u/]/ c? ljifodf kf]Vt

x'g klg ;lhnf] x'G5 . kqsfl/tfdf k}mlnPsf] csf{] e|d xf] M kqsfl/tf xtf/sf] ;flxTo xf] .

;dfrf/ a|]s ug{] kqsfl/tfsf] sfdnfO{ lnP/ elgPsf] of] s'/f kqsfl/tfsf ;a} ljwf–;DkfbsLo, n]v, lkmr/÷8s'd]G6«L, ljrf/, ljZn]if0f– df pkof]u u¥of] eg] aaf{b x'G5 . oL ljwfdf sfd ubf{ ;dfrf/ a|]s ubf{ h:tf] xtf/ x'“b}g . To;}n] kqsf/n] cfk\mgf kf7s÷>f]tf÷bz{s -cl8oG;_sf] dg 5'g] u/L s;/L k|:t't ug{] eGg] tl/sf hfg]sf] x'g'k5{ .

of] sfd klxnf] sfdeGbf cln sl7g 5 . ljsf; kqsfl/tfsf dfdnfdf emg\ sl7g . kqsfl/tfn] dflg;nfO{ b'O{ vfnsf s'/f lbg] u5{ M -!_ dflg;sf cfjZostf k"/f ug{ rflxg] hfgsf/L cyf{t\ cfk\mgf] hLjg

;/n, sd hf]lvdk"0f{ / ;'vL agfpg dflg;n] hfGg}kg{] hfgsf/L . o:tf s'/f hfg]g eg] dflg;n] b'Mv kfp“5 . h:t} M sf7df8f}“af6 lrtjg lx“8\g vf]Hg] dflg;nfO{ klx/f]n] af6f] 5]s]sf] 5 eGg] hfgsf/L lbof] eg] p;n] af6f]df k'u]/ cnkq x'g'kb{}g .

-@_ dflg;sf] v;v; d]6fpg] hfgsf/L . o:tf hfgsf/L kfp“bf / gkfp“bf dflg;sf] hLjgdf vf;} c;/ kb{}g . h:t} M /fh]z xdfnn] lax] gu/];Dd pgn] slxn] lax] unf{g\ eg]/ xfd|f ;~rf/dfWoddf af/Daf/ ;dfrf/ cfpg] uy{] . cfdkf7ssf nflu of] geO gx'g] hfgsf/L xf]Og . of] s'/f yfxf gkfp“bf pgLx?n] …a]n}df yfxf kfOPg, yfxf kfPsf] eP sf]6 l;nfp“y]“ / hGtL hfGy]“Ú egL k5'tfpg' kb{}g . kqsfl/tfsf] d'Vo sfd dflg;nfO{ geO gx'g] hfgsf/L÷ljrf/÷cjwf/0ff

gof“ s'/f hlxNo} klg ;dfrf/ x'G5 . ;a}n] g/fd|f sfd ul//x]sf 7fp“df Psfwn] /fd|f sfd u/] eg] To;df gof“kg cfOxfNof] . To;}n] g/fd|} g/fd|fsf aLrdf ePsf /fd|f sfd ;dfrf/ aGg emg\ a9L of]Uo x'G5g\ .


lbg' xf] . v;v; d]6\g] hfgsf/L lbg' plt dxÎjk"0f{ sfd xf]Og . ljsf; kqsfl/tfn] o; s'/fdf cem hf]8 lbG5 . t/, xfdLnfO{ s] ;d:of k5{ eg] cl8oG; geO gx'g] s'/f hfGgsf nflu v;v; d]6fpg] s'/f hfGg hlt pT;'s x'“b}g . v;v; d]6fpg] hfgsf/L dfG5]n] vf]hL vf]hL k9\5 . geO gx'g], b'Mv kfOg] hfgsf/L sf]Rofpg'k5{, sf]RofPh:tf] gu/Lsg . cyf{t\, o:tf hfgsf/Lsf] k|:t'lt ;/n–/l;nf] x'g'k5{ .

o;sf nflu hfgsf/L vf]Hg, cg';Gwfg ug{, /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs ljifoj:t' / ljrf/wf/f a'e\mg, of]hgf / ljsf;sf af/]df a'e\mg, gof“ s'/f vf]Hg, k'/fgf s'/f eP To;df ylkPsf s'/f vf]Hg kqsf/ l;kfn' x'g'k5{ . k|:t'ltnfO{ hLjGt agfpg], a9fOr9fO gug{], ;g;gL gk}mnfpg] h:tf s'/fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ .

lgx'“ ljsf;sf] eg] klg kqsfl/tf dfG5]sf] ug{'k5{ . o;f] u/]sf v08df dflg;nfO{ ?lrs/ ;fdu|L tof/ x'G5 . e"sDksf] :6f]/L ubf{ To;n] Iflt k'¥ofPsf dfG5]sf] :6f]/L ug{ ;lsPnf . af6f]sf] :6f]/L ubf{ sfnf]kq] af6f]sf] nDafO, af6f] agfpg nfu]sf] vr{sf] dfq xf]Og, af6f]n] kmfObf / a]kmfObf k'¥ofPsf dflg;sf] klg :6f]/L ug{ ;lsPnf .

ljsf; kqsfl/tf lsg ug{'k¥of] eGg] k|Zg klg cfp“5 . d]/f ljrf/df ljsf; kqsfl/tf ug{'sf s]xL sf/0f 5g\ . tL o;k|sf/ 5g\ M o; If]qdf k|lt:kwf{ sd 5 . yf]/} sfd ubf{ klg w]/} u/]h:tf] b]lvG5 . o:tf] kqsfl/tfn] ahf/ kfpg yfn]sf] 5 .

of] rf“8} af;L x'“b}g . xf8{ Go'h agfpg' tf]/Lsf] ;fusf] v]tL ug{'h:t} xf], @$÷@% lbgdf l6Kg t x'G5 t/ Psk6s l6lk;s]kl5 k]ml/ l6Kg ldNb}g . ljsf; kqsfl/tf /fof]sf] ;fu nufpg'h:tf] xf], xKt}lkR5] l6Kg ldN5 . xf8{ Go'h agfpg' sfpnL v]tL ug{' xf], Psk6s sf6]kl5 s]xL klg af“sL /x“b}g, ljsf; kqsfl/tf kmnk"mn v]tL xf] . Psk6s nufPkl5 a;]{lg l6Kg ldN5 .

o;n] kf7s÷bz{s÷>f]tf a9fp“5 . ljsf; kqsfl/tfsf dfWodaf6 b]zsf], ;dfhsf] Gofof]lrt ljsf;df ;xof]u

ljsf; kqsfl/tfsf] cjwf/0ff ljsf;f]Gd'v b]zsf tfgfzfxx?n]

kqsf/nfO{ /fhgLltafx]ssf ljifodf cndNofpg NofPsf x'g\

egL cf]nfrgf ul/G5 .


ul/of] eg] ;fIf/tf a9\g ;Snf, kqklqsfsf k9\g] dfG5] a9\nfg\ . dflg;sf] cfDbfgL a9\of] eg] p;n] 6]lnlehg lsGnf, xfd|f ;dfrf/ / cGo ;fdu|L x]nf{, df]afOn kmf]g lsGnf / xfdLn] cgnfOg /fv]sf ;fdu|L k9\nf÷;'Gnf÷x]nf{ . xfd|f kqklqsf lsGnf . cfddflg;sf] z}lIfs, cfly{s / ;fdflhs x}l;ot a9]kl5 pgLx?n] ahf/sf

ljleGg cfheGbf a:t' lsGnfg\ . ltgnfO{ cfk\mgf ;fdfg a]Rg rfxg] pBf]uL÷Jofkf/Ln] xfdL sfd ug{] ;~rf/dfWoddf lj1fkg b]nfg\ . cyjf, …ltdLn] clnslt k};f lt¥of} eg] xfdL lj1fkgbftfsf] xf]Og, ltd|f]÷;du| ;dfhsf] :jfy{ cg';f/sf ;fdu|L lbg ;S5f}“, clnslt k};f lt/Ú eGbf pgLx? ;xdt xf]nfg\ .

To; lbg xfdLn] …lkp7n] kfpg] hlt tna -Go"gtd kfl/>lds_ xfdLnfO{ b]pm gÚ eg]/ dfu ubf{ xfd|f dflnsn] …of] gfhfoh dfu k"/f ug{ ;Sb}gf}“Ú geGnfg\ Û cyf{t\, ljsf; kqsfl/tf t lgx'“ dfq xf]Og, vf; sfd t kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf; xf] Û

-d}gfnL ;fpy Pl;of r]ssf ;Dkfbs x'g\ ._

/fd|f] kqsfl/tf ug{sf nflu o; egfOnfO{ o;/L k]mg{'k5{M kqsf/n] ;a}yf]s clncln hfGg'k5{, Pp6f ljifodf rflx“ kf]Vt x'g'k5{ . ljsf; kqsfl/tf ug{ rfxg] kqsf/df of] u'0f x'g' cem a9L h?/L 5 .


;+;b\ / ldl8ofM nf]stGqsf b'O{ vDaf

cr]n ;+;bLo ;ldltx?n] kqsf/x?nfO{ a}7s a:b} u/]sf] ;"rgf Odn]d} k7fp“5g\, Ph]G8f v'nfP/ . ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/Lx? klg ;+;bLo kqsf/x?;“u pbf/ / v'nf x'“b}5g\ . pgLx? 6]lnkmf]g ;Dks{ u/L ;ldltdf …dxÎjk"0f{ ljifoÚdf 5nkmn x'“b}5 eg]/ ;"rgf lbG5g\ . ;“u} dxÎjk"0f{ Ph]G8f x'“bfx'“b} cfˆgf] ;ldltdf kqsf/x? gcfPsf] u'gf;f] klg ;'gfp5g\ . ;+;bLo ;ldltx?aLr Ps k|sf/sf] k|lt:kwf{ g} rn]sf] 5, cfgf ;ldltsf ultljlw a9LeGbf a9L ;fj{hlgs u/fpg .

@)$* b]lv @)%( ;Ddsf] ;+;bLo sfnv08sf] b[Zo eg] leGg lyof] . Psfwafx]s ;+;bLo ;ldltx?n] ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfx?nfO{ glhs kg{ ;d]t lb“b}gy] . k~rfotsfnel/ /fli6«o k~rfotsf ultljlw k|];sf lglDt lgolGqt lyP . dxfn]vf k/LIfssf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt cfly{s ljs[lt;d]t /x:odo ls+jbGtLsf ?kdf k|:t't x'Gy] . ToxL …:s'lnªÚdf x's{ ]sf sd{rf/Lx? ;+;bLo ;ldlt / k|];aLr 3'nldn x'g lb“b}gy] .

xl/axfb'/ yfkf

;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] nfp8f hxfh ef8fsf] ljifodf clgoldttf ePsf]

/ To;df sf]O/fnfsf] xft /x]sf] eGb} wldhf sf08h;/L k|s/0fsf] ?k lb“b} lyof] . clg, sf]O/fnf ;ldltlj?4

vlgP .


wldhf / n]aLsf] lrgL @)%)–)%@ tfsfsf ax'rlr{t k|s/0f lyP . ;+;b\sf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] 5fglagn] b'j} k|s/0fnfO{ prfO lbPsf] lyof] . k|s/0f rlr{t x'“b} hf“bf kqsf/sf lglDt n]vf ;ldlt cfsif{s ynf] aGg k'Uof] . k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgfkl5sf] klxnf] ax'rlr{t k|s/0f lyof], wldhf sf08 . lagfk|lt:kwf{ a]nfotl:yt lbg]z wldhfsf] km]o/ lnld6]8nfO{ tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudsf nflu o'/f]ksf ;a} d'n'sdf Ph]G6 lgo'Qm ug]{, lgoGq0f, lg/LIf0f / k|j4{g ug]{ clwsf/ lbOPkl5 hlGdPsf] k|s/0f lyof] Tof] . pQm Ph]G6 lgo'lQmdf tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] rf;f] /fv]kl5 ;d:of alNemPsf] lyof] .

a]nfotL gful/s lqm:6f]km/ yf]d; lun :jfldTjsf] km]o/ lnld6]8sf] Ps kfpG8 a/fa/sf] ;]o/ lsg]sf] / To;sf] ;~rfns ;b:o;d]t /x]sf cfwf/df lbg]z wldhfnfO{ %% s/f]8sf] l6s6 laqmL ug{ Ph]G6 lgo'Qm ul/Psf] lyof] . oxL k|s/0f p7fg;“u} n]vf ;ldlt ;j{;fwf/0fdfem :yflkt x'g k'Uof] . of] k|s/0f n]vf ;ldltleq ax;d} 5“bf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] @)%! c;f/ @^ df k|ltlglw;ef lj36gsf] l;kmfl/; u/] . To;kl5 ePsf] dWofjlw lgjf{rgdf ljkIfLx?n] o; k|s/0fnfO{ sfª\u|];lj?4 c:qsf ?kdf k|of]u u/] . kf6L{sf] cfGtl/s lju|x t lyof] g}, wldhf sf08n] klg sfª\u|];sf] 5lj wldNofof] . klxnf] bnsf ?kdf lgjf{rgdf uPsf] sfª\u|]; bf];|f] bndf em¥of] .

wldhf k|s/0f rs{+bf n]vf ;ldltsf] xnaflx/ kqsf/x? e'mlDdPsf x'Gy] . pgLx?n] sf7sf] Kjfnaf6 r'lxPsf zAb / jfSo l6lk/x]sf x'Gy] . ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfx?nfO{ Toxf“ ple/xg klg lbOGgYof], a]nfavt dof{bfkfns nufP/ rf}/df k'¥ofOGYof] . ;ldltsf] a}7s ;lsPkl5 ;b:ox?;“u s'/fsfgL u/]/ ;dfrf/ n]Vg'kYof{] . g ;DalGwt ljifosf sfuhft kfOGYof], g ;ldltdf pkl:yt ePsf ;/sf/L clwsf/Lsf] egfO g} ;'Gg kfOGYof] . ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] a}7s rln/x“bf xnleq k|j]zsf] sNkgf;d]t ug{ ;ls“b}gYof] .

h;/L @)%)÷)%! tfsf wldhf k|s/0f rls{of], To;/L g} g]skf -Pdfn]_sf] cNkdtsf] ;/sf/ ag];“u} n]jLsf] lrgL k|s/0f phfu/ eof], n]vf ;ldltdfkm{t g} . ef/tn] ;:tf]df $) xhf/ 6g rfdn / @) xhf/ 6g lrgL pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . ;:tf] lrgL cfoft ug]{ nfO;]G; ;/sf/L


lgoGq0fs} ;fN6 6«]l8ª / g];gn 6]«l8ªnfO{ lbg] lg0f{o ePsf] lyof] . t/, k'/fgf] lg0f{o pN6\ofP/ lghL If]qsf] s]l8of ;d"xsf] kn{ 6«]l8ª sG;g{sf] xftdf cfoft 7]Ssf lbg] lg0f{o ul/P;“u} ljjfb pTkGg eof] . Tof] k|s/0fdf aofg lng n]vf ;ldltn] tTsfnLg pkk|wfgdGqL dfwjs'df/ g]kfn / cfk"lt{dGqL ;LkL d}gfnLnfO{ af]nfof], h'g 36gf kqsf/sf lglDt ultnf] v'/fs ag]sf] lyof] . k|s/0fdf …sld;gÚsf] v]ndf lghL If]qnfO{ 7]Ssf lbOPsf] cfzª\sf JofKt lyof] . en}, s]l8of ;d"xn] To;cl3 klg k6s–k6s n]aLsf] lrgL leœofpg] cj;/ kfPsf] lyof] .

To; k|s/0fdf klg kqsf/x? p;} u/L n]vf ;ldltsf] xnaflx/ pleP/ ;"rgf ;ª\sng ub{} lyP . …sflGtk'/Ú b}lgsaf6 gf/fo0f jfUn] l/kf]l6{ªdf vl6Psf lyP . Toltv]/ jfUn]sf] x'lnof / xfpefp cln km/s lyof] . cUnf jfUn] nfdf] skfn kfNy], xfkm kfOG6df k5fl8 Aofu le/]/ 6«]lsª h'Qfdf l/kf]l6{ª ug{ lg:sGy] . pgnfO{ Toxf“ g ;f+;bn] lrg]sf lyP, g ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/Lx?n] g} . pgn] n]vf ;ldltsf] xnaflx/ sfg yfk]/leqsf] ax; ;'lg/x]sf lyP . Tof] b[Zo b]v]kl5 ;+;b\sf ;lrj ;"o{ls/0f u'?ªnfO{ zª\sf nfu]5– …st} of] ljb]zL hf;'; t xf]Og <Ú jfUn]sf] x'lnofn] ltgL Oh/fonL x'g\ ls eGg] zª\sf nfu]5 . pgn] dof{bfkfns af]nfP/ jfUn]nfO{ ;dfpg k7fP . t/, dof{bfkfnsn] pgL;dIf ;"rgf k'¥ofP– …xf]Og, xh'/ Tof] dflg; :ki6 ?kdf g]kfnL af]N5, sflGtk'/sf] kqsf/ x'“ eG5 .Ú To;kl5 u'?ªn] jfUn]nfO{ cfg} sf]7fdf af]nfpg nufP/ kl/ro lnPsf lyP . u'?ª a]nfavt ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfx?;Fu Tof] /f]rs 36gf ;'gfpF5g\ . emG8} kqsf/nfO{ kqmfp ul/of], Tof] klg sflGtk'/s} kqsf/nfO{ .

k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgfkl5sf] klxnf] ax'rlr{t k|s/0f lyof], wldhf

sf08 . lagfk|lt:kwf{ a]nfotl:yt lbg]z wldhfsf] km]o/ lnld6]8nfO{

tTsfnLg zfxL g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudsf nflu o'/f]ksf ;a} d'n'sdf Ph]G6 lgo'Qm

ug]{, lgoGq0f, lg/LIf0f / k|j4{g ug]{ clwsf/ lbOPkl5 hlGdPsf]

k|s/0f lyof] Tof] .


pbf/ n]vf ;ldltn]vf ;ldltsf] xnjl/kl/ kqsf/x? em'lDdPkl5 ;b:ox?aLr ax;

rNof]– …kqsf/x? :jod\nfO{ 5nkmn ;'Gg lsg glbg] <Ú x/]s a}7s ;lsPkl5 n]vf ;ldltsf ;b:ox?n] kqsf/nfO{ ;do lbg'kYof{], To;n] pgLx?nfO{ emsf{] nfu]sf] klg x'g ;S5 . ;ldltsf ;b:ox? x[bo]z lqkf7L / lj/f]w vltj8fn] v'nf ubf{ /fd|f] x'g] wf/0ff /fv] . clg, @)%@ df n]vf ;ldltn] cf}krfl/s ?kdf k|];sf nflu a}7s v'nf /fVg] lg0f{o u¥of] .

o;/L ;+;bLo ;ldltleq l/kf]l6{ªsf lglDt kqsf/nfO{ cf}krfl/s cfdGq0f ug{] n]vf ;ldlt klxnf] ;+;bLo ;ldlt aGof] . k|];nfO{ v'nf u/]kl5 n]vf ;ldlt lgs} ;lqmo / k|efjsf/L ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ?kdf :yflkt eof] . cfly{s clgoldttfdf ;+nUgx?sf gfdgfd];L k|sflzt

x'g yfn]kl5 ;/sf/L clwsf/Lx? hjfkmb]xL x'g afWo ag] . To; lglDt k|ToIf bafa lbg] c:q ;flat x'g k'Uof] k|]; . ;“u} ;+;b\sf sfd–sf/afxLaf/] hgtfdf rf;f] a9\of] .

cfgf sfd sf/afxLaf/] cfdtxdf hfgsf/L k'u]kl5 n]vf ;ldltsf] prfO a9\of] . t/, o;sf] of] v'nfkgnfO{ c? ;ldltn] ;xh ?kdf lnPgg\ . cflv/ Tolta]nf ;+;b\leq clwsf+z

sd{rf/L k~rfotLsfnd} hflu/ vfPsfx? g lyP . pgLx?sf] ;+:sf/ …aGb dfgl;stfÚdf cfwfl/t lyof] . pgLx?n] /fli6«o k~rfosfndf ;a} kmfOn / af]nL n'sfpg', 5f]Kg'k5{ eGg] 1fg kfPsf lyP . sd{rf/Lx? ;/sf/lj?4sf sfd–sf/afxLx? k|];df ghfcf];\ eGg] rfxgf /fVy] . d'n'sdf k|hftGqsf] pbo eP klg pgLx?nfO{ …aGbsfnLg ;+:sf/Úaf6 d'lQm ldln;s]sf] lyPg . dfgl;stf kl/jt{gsf] lhDd]jf/L lnPsf ax'bnjfbL ;f+;bx? klg sd{rf/L h]–h] eG5g\, To;}df af]nL ldnfp“y] .

;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/Lx? n]vf ;ldltdf kqsf/x?nfO{ aGb]h nufpg] nlaªdf ;d]t pq]sf lyP . t/, ;ldltsf ;b:ox?n] pQm

;+;bLo ;ldltleq l/kf]l6{ªsf lglDt kqsf/nfO{ cf}krfl/s cfdGq0f ug{] n]vf ;ldlt klxnf] ;+;bLo ;ldlt aGof] . k|];nfO{ v'nf u/]kl5 n]vf ;ldlt lgs} ;lqmo / k|efjsf/L ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ?kdf :yflkt eof] .


nlaªnfO{ dxÎj lbPgg\ . cem n]vf ;ldlt ;lrj ;f]daxfb'/ yfkfn] ;ldltdf 5nkmn x'g'k"j{ kqsf/x?nfO{ ;/sf/L sfuhft pknAw u/fp“y] . To;n] klg s'g} ljifonfO{ k|s/0fsf] ?k lbg ;lhnf] kfYof{] . Tof] b[Zo ;+;b\sf c? sd{rf/LnfO{ dg k/]sf] lyPg . ltgLx? kqsf/;“u Joª\Uo s:y]– …n]vf ;ldltsf kfx'gfÚ .

n]vf ;ldltdf cfly{s lxgfldgfsf ;jfndf k|wfgdGqL, dGqL, ;lrj x'“b} ;/sf/L lgsfosf w]/} pRrkb:y clws[tx?dfly tLvf] k|Zg p7\y] . To;}n] pRrkb:y k|zf;sx? n]vf ;ldlt k|];sf nflu v'nf ul/Pkl5 q:t ag]sf lyP . sltko ;lrjx?n] t k|];sf ;fd'Gg] cfkm"x? gaf]Ng] / ;ldltdf pkl:yt gx'g] c8fg;d]t lnP . oyfy{ ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs x'“bf sltko pRrkb:y clwsf/Lx? lz/ lgx'/fpg afWo x'Gy] . cjsfzkl5 ;'zf;gsf] jsfnt ug{] tL ;lrjx?n] kqsf/;fd' gaf]Ng] c8fg lnPsf lyP . To;kl5 n]vf ;ldltsf ;efkltn] grfx]/ klg aflx/ hfg cg'/f]w uy{]– …k|];nfO{ kl5 xfdL g} atfp“5f}“ .Ú

k|];sf] k|ToIf pkl:yltn] ;ldltsf] sfdnfO{ u'0ffTds 9ª\un] cl3 a9fpg ;xof]u k'¥ofof] . kqsf/sf] k|j]zkl5 n]vf ;ldltn] p7fpg] cfly{s 3f]6fnf k|s/0fn] cfddflg;sf] Wofg lvRof] . x'g klg, ;+;bLo sfnv08df ljjfbdf cfPsf ax'rlr{t sf08 / k|s/0fx?– rfx] ;f+;bx?sf] cf}iflw vr{ b'?kof]usf ljifo x'g\ jf u[x dGqfnoaf6 ljtl/t cfly{s ;xfotf, rGbf / k'/:sf/b]lv hxfh ef8f k|s/0f;Ddsf ljifo n]vfn] g} phfu/ u/]sf] xf] . ;+;bLo sfnv08s} klg k|efjzfnL dGqL kb\d;'Gb/ nfjtLnfO{ e|i6frf/sf] cleof]u nufpg] cj:yf;Dd n]vf ;ldlts} sf/0f ;Dej ePsf] xf] . /f;folgs dn vl/b sf08 5fglag u/]/ clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]unfO{ cg';Gwfg u/L d'2f rnfpg n]vf ;ldltn] lgb{]zg lbPsf] xf] .

o;/L ;/sf/sf x/]s lg0f{o ;+;b\ / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] rf;f]–/]vb]veGbf 6f9f x'g ;s]gg\ / /x]gg\ klg . cfly{s ;xfotf, rGbf, k'/:sf/ / cf}iflw pkrf/ /sd b'?kof]uh:tf ljifodf ;ldltn] rf;f] b]vfP/ 5fglag u/]kl5 dfkb08 agfpg ;/sf/ afWo eof] . u[x dGqfnoaf6 …uf]Ko vr{Ú / …;'/fsL vr{Úsf gfddf s/f]8f}“ vr{ ug{] z}nLnfO{ klg n]vf ;ldltn] 5fglag u/L lgoGq0f u/]sf] lyof] .


n]vf ;ldltn] ckf/bzL{ 7flgg] ;+:yf g]kfnL ;]gf / g]kfn k|x/Ldf klg xft dfq xfn]g ls ltgLx?sf vl/b;DaGwL lg0f{onfO{ pN6fOlbof] . ;]gfn] @)%* ;fndf cf/h]–!)) hxfh vl/b k|lqmof clGtd r/0fdf k'¥ofPsf] lyof] . t/, pQm vl/bsf] cf}lrTo v'nfpg g;s]kl5 n]vf ;ldltn] Tof] lg0f{o aLrd} pN6\ofOlbof] . @)%* d} n]vf ;ldltn] ;]gfsf] …;'k/k'df x]lnsK6/ vl/b k|lqmof /f]SgÚ lgb{]zg lbPsf] lyof] . ;]gfn] /fi6«k|d'v tyf ljb]zL cltljlzi6 kfx'gfsf lglDt ** s/f]8 ?k}of“df x]lnsK6/ vl/b ug{ vf]h]sf] lyof] . lg0f{osf] cf}lrTo b]vfpg g;Sbf ;ldltn] sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg glbPsf To:tf pbfx/0f w]/} 5g\ .

n]vf ;ldlt / ;+;bLo kqsf/x?aLrsf] ;3g–;xsfo{n] ;/sf/L ;+oGqnfO{ hjfkmb]xL aGg afWo kfl//x]sf] lyof] . t/ klg c? ;+;bLo ;ldltx? k|];k|lt cg'bf/ g} lyP . c? ;ldltx? klg v'nf ul/g'k5{ eg]/ ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfx?n] bafa glbPsf xf]Ogg\ . @)%^ sf] t];|f] lgjf{rgkl5 ;+;bLo cEof; kl/kSj aGb} uO/x]sf] cj:yfdf klg k|ltlglw;efsf gf}j6f :yfoL ;ldltdWo] b'O6f dfq k|];sf lglDt v'nf lyP . n]vf ;ldltn] k|];nfO{ v'nf u/]sf] rf/ jif{kl5 ljsf; ;ldltn] ToxL s'/f k5\ofP/ cfkm"nfO{ bf];|f] pbf/ ;ldlt agfof] . p;n] @)%^ c;f/df …ljz]if kl/l:yltÚafx]ssf 5nkmndf k|];nfO{ v'nf ug{] cf}krfl/s lg0f{o lnof] . t/, af“sL ;ftj6f ;ldltn] k|];nfO{ v'nf ug{]af/]df s'g} lg0f{o lnPgg\ .

;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] hu a;fpg hgtf;“u s;d vfP/ cfPsf k|ltlglwx?nfO{ …k|hftGq / kf/blz{tfÚsf kof{ojfrL cy{ a'emfpg] k|oTg kqsf/x?n] gu/]sf xf]Ogg\ . t/, ;+;bLo ;ldlt k4lt alnof] x'g' eg]sf] ;+;bLo Joj:yf alnof] x'g' xf] / o;df k|];sf] e"ldsf dxÎjk"0f{ x'G5 eGg] clwsf+z ;f+;bn] a'em\g rfx]gg\ . ;ldltx?n] k|To]s dGqfno, cfof]u / ;+:yfgx?sf] ultljlwaf/] 5nkmn u/L ;/sf/nfO{ lgb{]zg t lbP t/ k|];sf nflu v'nf gul/Psf sf/0f s'g ;ldltn] s] ul//x]sf] 5 eGg]af/] gful/sn] ;"rgf kfpg ;s]gg\ . k|];nfO{ ;ldltsf ultljlw v'nf u/]sf eP sltko ljifo ;fj{hlgs ax;df cfp“y] / ltgn] kl/is[t x'g] df}sf kfp“y] . ;+;bLo ;ldltx?sf cg'bf/ :jefjn] To;nfO{ /f]Sof] .

;+;bLo sfnv08el/ ljw]osx?dfly bkmfjf/ 5nkmn x'“bf k|];nfO{ v'nf /flvPg . ;ª\s'lrt wf/0ff;lxt aGb a}7sdf ljw]osdfly bkmfjf/


5nkmn u/L ;+;b\df nu]/ kfl/t ul/of] . kl/0ffdM cfdtxdf s'g} ax; geO{ kfl/t ljw]osn] nfndf]x/ nfUbf gnfUb} ;+zf]wgsf] df/ v]Kg'k¥of] . tL ljw]osdflysf 5nkmnsf a]nf k|];nfO{ v'nf ul/Psf] eP l5b|x? klxNo} aflx/ cfp“y] . clg, ljw]osn] kl/:s[t x'g] df}sf kfp“y] . t/, k|]; pkof]u ug{] dfdnfdf nf]stGqcl3sf] Joj:yflksf–;+;b\ k"0f{tM r'Sof] .

@)^@÷^# sf] cfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntf / nf]stGq axfnL;“u} k'gM:yflkt k|ltlglw;efsfndf eg] k|];sf lglDt ;Dk"0f{ ;ldlt v'nf x'g k'u] . ca k|]; pkl:yltlagf ;+;bLo ;ldltdf 5nkmn cy{xLg x'G5 eGg] a'lem;s]sf 5g\, hgk|ltlglw / ;+;b\sf sd{rf/Lx?n] . kqsf/sf nflu dfq xf]Og, kf/blz{tf / nf]stGqsf nflu of] ;'vb kIf xf] . lsgeg], ;ldltsf lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs u/L ltgLx?nfO{ alnof] agfpg] sfd k|];n] g} u5{ . Tolt dfq xf]Og, cfgf hgk|ltlglwx?n] d'n'ss} lxtdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ eGg] ;Gb]z dtbftf;Dd klg k|];n] g} k'¥ofp5 .

kf/blz{tflj?4 sfo{sfl/0fLljutsf] vNnf] k[i7e"ld x]g{]

xf] eg] ;Qf?9 bnx? ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] ;lqmotf ?rfp“b}gg\ / krfpg ;Sb}gg\ . ;/sf/L s';L{df /x]sfx?sf] rfxgf x'G5– …;+;bLo lgl:qmotf .Ú ;+;bLo ;lqmotfn] ltgnfO{ …lgb|fÚ nfUg lb“b}g . ljjflbt x/]sh;f] ;jfndf ;+;bLo ;ldltn] …lg0f{osf] sf/0f / cf}lrToÚ vf]H5g\ . To:tf] vf]hLn] ;/sf/nfO{ cfˆgf] lg0f{ok|lt hjfkmb]xL x'g afWo t'Nofp5 . t/, :jfy{ / cg'lrt nfe lnb} ul/Psf sltko lg0f{osf] cf}lrTo v'nfpg sl7g x'G5 . ToxL sf/0f …;+;bLo ;lqmotfÚ ;/sf/sf lglDt 3f“8f] x'G5 . cem …cltl/Qm ;lqmotfÚ k|bz{g u/]sf] v08df cf}krfl/s txd} cfnf]rgfdf cf]n{G5g\ ;Qf?9x? .

ToxL sf/0f eGg] ul/G5, clws zlQm v]nfpg] sfo{kflnsfsf] rl/q …Jolerf/Ld"nsÚ x'G5 . cyf{t\, zf;sLo j[Qsf kfqx? :jR5Gbtfk"j{s

zlQm ;Gt'ng / lgoGq0fsf lx;fan] ;aeGbf ;zQm

lgsfosf ?kdf ;+;b\nfO{ lnOG5 . hgk|ltlglwx?sf]

;+:yfnfO{ sfo{sfl/0fL;“u k|Zg ;f]Wg], cfnf]rgf ug]{ / cfjZos k/]sf v08df lgoGq0f;d]t ug]{

clwsf/ x'G5 .


zlQm v]nfpg rfxG5g\ . To;df klg, ;Qf eg]sf] To:tf] zlQm xf], h;sf] b'?kof]usf] ;Defjgf clws x'G5 . ;Qfjfnfx?sf] ToxL cg'lrt cfsfª\Iff / b'?kof]unfO{ lgoGq0f ug{ Joj:yflksfsf] ;"qkft ePsf] dflgG5 . To;nfO{ cem k|efjsf/L ?kdf /f]Sg ;ldlt k|0ffnL :yflkt ePsf] xf], nf]stflGqs d'n'sx?df . g]kfnn] ;+ljwfgdf ToxL z}nL cg'z/0fsf] gLlt lnP klg To;nfO{ Jojxf/df k"0f{ ?kdf nfu" ug{ lgs} sl7gfO k¥of], zf;sLo j[QnfO{ .

;+;bLo ;ldlt tft];“u k|wfgdGqL–dGqL dfq xf]Og, pkNnf k|zf;sx?sf] ;d]t lbdfu tfTg k'U5 . @)%& r}tdf ;+;b\ clwj]zg rfn" gx'“bf ;+;bLo ;ldltx? lqmofzLn lyP, h'g tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL

lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ dg k/]g . ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] nfp8f hxfh ef8fsf] ljifodf clgoldttf ePsf] / To;df sf]O/fnfsf] xft /x]sf] eGb} wldhf sf08h;/L k|s/0fsf] ?k lb“b} lyof] . clg, sf]O/fnf ;ldltlj?4 vlgP . @)%& r}t % df k|hftflGqs ljrf/ ;dfhåf/f cfof]lht uf]i7Ldf pgsf] l6Kk0fL lyof]– …l;ª\uf] ;+;b\ cj?4

ePsf a]nf ;+;bLo ;ldlt rfn" /xg' / ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg lbOg' k|hftGqlj?4 7"nf] if8\oGq xf] . oxf“ Pp6f 7"nf] if8\oGq ePsf] 5, dnfO{ Tof] zª\sf nfUb} 5 . tkfO{+ a'l4hLjLx?n] To:tf sfo{lj?4 cleofg yfNg'k5{ .Ú

@)%& df aqmfxf l;“rfO of]hgfsf] clgoldttfsf ;DaGwdf n]vf ;ldltn] cWoog ug{ yfNof] . To; qmddf ;Da4 clws[tx? n]vf ;ldltn] af]nfO/x]sf] 5, Toxf“ ghf“bf x'G5 ls x'Gg eg]/ sfg'gL ;Nnfx lng dxfGofoflwjQmfsxf“ k'u]sf lyP . t/, dxfGofoflwjQmfn] ;+;b\n] af]nfPkl5 hfg}kg]{ ;Nnfx lbPsfn] pgLx? hfg afWo eP . Toltv]/ ;+;bLo ;ldltn] lg0f{osf] cf}lrTo dfu]kl5 pgLx? q:t x'g k'u]sf lyP .

nf]stGq zlQmsf] ;Gt'ngdf dfq} rNg] Joj:yf xf] . ;Gt'ng ug{] lgsfodf k'u]sfx?n] cfˆgf] bfloTj a'em\g'k5{ . o;df kqsf/x?n] klg cfˆgf] :yfgaf6 a'emfpg r'Sg'x'Gg .


;+;b\sf] /fHo Joj:yf ;ldlt / ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltdf x/]s lg0f{osf] cfwf/ lbg'k/]sfdf @)%& df tTsfnLg u[x;lrj kb\dk|;fb kf]v/]n v'n]/} lj/f]wdf plqP .

@)%& ebf}df g]kfn sfg'g ;dfhåf/f cfof]lht blIf0f Pl;of:t/Lo uf]i7Ldf kf]v/]nn] eg]sf lyP– …To:tf lgsfoaf6 ;/sf/L sd{rf/LnfO{ lagfsf/0f b'Mv lbg] sfd ePsf] 5, o;af6 pgLx?nfO{ dfgl;s oftgf k'u]sf] 5 . ljleGg cª\u, ;ldltx?sf] :jtGqtfsf gfddf a9\b} uPsf] lg/ª\s'ztf /f]Sg ;lsPg eg] o;n] emg\ vt/f Nofp“5 . s'g} klg cª\u :jtGq x'G5 eGg] gfddf Toxf“ lg/ª\s'ztf nfb\g] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 .Ú pgsf] pQm dGtJodf Toxf“ pkl:yt pkNnf sd{rf/Lx?n] tfnL ahfPsf lyP . cyf{t\, sd{rf/LtGqsf] …k|ltlglw–af]nLÚ pgsf] d'vaf6 km'lTsPsf] lyof] . ;ldltsf] ;lqmotf;“u} …sfo{sfl/0fLnfO{ h:t} cfb]z / lgb]{zg lbg] /x/ hfu]sf]Ú eg]/ rs{} l6Kk0fL af/af/ cfP .

;+;bLo ;ldltx? ;+;bLo cEof;nfO{ hLjGt kfg{] cjoj x'g\ . @% jif{] ;+;bLo cEof;df ;+;bLo ;ldltx? slxn] clt ;lqmo t slxn] lgliqmo /x]sf] kfOG5 . d"n ;+;b\nfO{ /fhgLlts bnsf] k|bz{g?kL ynf]sf ?kdf lnOG5 . jf:tljs sfo{–ynf] eg]sf ;ldltx? x'g\ . hgk|ltlglw ;f+;bx?sf] jf:tljs of]Uotf / ljz]if1tfsf] klxrfg ;ldltdf x'g] 5nkmndf b]lvG5 . ;+;b\leq bnLo x\jLksf sf/0f sltko ljifox?df ;f+;bx?n] dg gnfuLsg klg ;dy{g / lj/f]w ug'{kg{] x'G5 . t/, ;+;bLo ;ldltdf x\jLk nfUb}g . bnLo ;f]r cg'?k af]Ng'k5{ eGg] klg x'“b}g . Toxf“ ;f+;bx?n] a|x\dn] b]v]sf] tYo /fVg kfp“5g\, s'g} lsl;dsf :jfy{ gePsf] v08df . ;ldltdf ;b:ox?n] kf6L{ lgb{]zg / cfu|xlagf cfˆgf] ljj]s cg';f/ :jtGq ?kdf sfd ug{ kfpg'k5{ . sltko /fhgLlts bnx?n] ‘:jfy{jz’ ;f+;bx?nfO{ ;+;bLo ;ldltd} klg ‘x\jLk’ nufpg gvf]h]sf xf]Ogg\ . t/, ;ldltsf ;b:ox?n] w]/}h;f] a]nf bnLo ‘x\jLk’ eGbf dfly p7]/ cfg} bnsf] ;/sf/nfO{ ;d]t cK7\of/fdf kf/]sf pbfx/0f 5g\ .

zlQm ;Gt'ng / lgoGq0fsf lx;fan] ;aeGbf ;zQm lgsfosf ?kdf ;+;b\nfO{ lnOG5 . hgk|ltlglwx?sf] ;+:yfnfO{ sfo{sfl/0fL;“u k|Zg ;f]Wg], cfnf]rgf ug]{ / cfjZos k/]sf v08df lgoGq0f;d]t ug]{ clwsf/ x'G5 . ;+;b\ / ;+;bLo ;ldltn] zf;sLo kfqsf cfly{s clgoldttfb]lv


/fHo ;~rfngdf b]vfPsf thlahL z}nLnfO{ lgoGq0f ug{;d]t k|efjsf/L e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;S5g\ . To;sf lglDt ljifo a'e\mg ;Sg] Ifdtf ePsf ;f+;b x'g'k5{ . ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ;efkltdf …cltl/Qm ;lqmotfÚsf] efjgf eof] eg] ;b:ox?nfO{ ;lqmo t'Nofpg ;S5g\ .

nf]stGq zlQmsf] ;Gt'ngdf dfq} rNg] Joj:yf xf] . ;Gt'ng ug{] lgsfodf k'u]sfx?n] cfˆgf] bfloTj a'em\g'k5{ . o;df kqsf/x?n] klg cfˆgf] :yfgaf6 a'emfpg r'Sg'x'Gg . ;ldltn] u/]sf] lg0f{o / lgoGq0fn] jf:tjdf ;/sf/L kbflwsf/Lsf] cfly{s 3f]6fnf ug{] dgf]j[lQnfO{ s]xL xb;Dd /f]s]sf] 5 . o; k[i7e"lddf kqsf/n] ;+;bLo ;ldltnfO{ k|efjsf/L t'Nofpg] dfxf}n l;h{gf ug'{k5{ .

kl/jlt{t b[Zo@)$* c;f/ ^ M k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgfkl5 lgjf{lrt ;+;b\sf] klxnf]

a}7sdf g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf ;f+;b uh]Gb|gf/fo0f l;+xn] …lxGbLÚ efiffdf af]n]kl5 cfklQ / lgodfklQsf] kmf]xf]/f 5'6\of] .

@)^% h]7 !% M ;+ljwfg;efsf] klxnf] a}7sdf ;ef;bx?n] $) eGbf a9L efiffdf, cf–cfg} e]ife"iffdf zky vfP .

;+;bLo cEof;sf] @% jif{df cg]sf}“ b[Zo ablnPsf 5g\, ltgdf slt ;sf/fTds 5g\ / sltko gsf/fTds . ;+;b\df y'k|} ;d'bfoaf6 k|ltlglwTj x'g' ;sf/fTds kIf xf] . t/, ;dfj]zLs} gfddf Jofkf/L–7]s]bf/, a}+s–ljBfno–sn]h ;~rfnssf] k|j]z ePkl5 ltgn] cgf}7f] z}nLsf ljs[ltx? leœofPsf 5g\ . ;dfg'kflts k4ltdf k|fKt dt b'?kof]u u/L >LdtL, 5f]/f, efO / k|]ldsfnfO{{ ;d]t …;f+;bÚ agfOPsf] 5 . ;+;bLo sfnv08df cg]sf}“ laGtLefp ubf{ klg Jofkf/L zª\s/ s]l8ofn] /fli6«o;ef ;b:o aGg kfPgg\ . t/, clxn] ;+;b\df Jofkf/L–ljrf}lnofsf] afSnf] pkl:ylt b]lvG5 . o;n] ;dfj]zL nf]stGqk|lt g} gsf/fTds ;Gb]z k|efljt x“'b} 5 . dflg;sf dgdf ;/sf/ dfq} abdf; x'G5 eGg] dfGotf 5 . t/, nf]stGqkl5 ;+;b\–;f+;bx? klg ljleGg k|s/0fdf km;]sf 36gfx? a9\b} 5g\ .

;+;bLo sfnv08df sfg'g lgdf{0fdf :jfy{sf] v]n 5tf5'Nn ePsf] lyPg . nf]stGqkl5 ;+;b\df sfg'g lgdf{0fdf rnv]n a9]sfn] gLltut e|i6frf/n] eofjx ?k lng] vt/f plQs} 5 . pltv]/ ;+;b\ / ;+;bLo


;ldltsf] cfsf/ ;fgf] / r':t lyof] . t/, nf]stGqkl5 of] hDaf] aGof] . To;sf/0f o;n] s'g} klg ljifodf 5nkmn ug{ / lg0f{o lng sl7g eO/x]sf] 5 . ljifosf] uxgtfaf/] 1fg gePsf ;f+;bx?n] klg af]Ng vf]Hg] ePkl5 ;+;bLo ;ldlt c:jfefljs ?kdf k6\of/nfUbf aGb} 5g\ . ;+;b\ / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf lqmofsnfk / cEof; x]g]{ xf] eg] nf]stGqkl5 ;+;bLo ;ldlt k|0ffnLnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg Tolt rf;f] lbOPsf] kfO“b}g .

To; cltl/Qm, bnLo zLif{ g]t[Tjn] ;+;b\–;+;bLo ;ldltnfO{ /fhgLlt / gLltut lg0f{osf] j}wflgs ynf] aGg glbg] em]nL v]n leœofPsf] 5 . j}wflgs /fhgLlts lg0f{osf lx;fan] ;+;b\ d"n ynf] aGg'kg{]df kl/b[Zox? …afn'6fjf/–a"9fgLns07–afnsf]6–af]x/f6f/Ús]lGb|t ePsf 5g\ . zlQmsf] ;|f]t bnLo g]tfsf] lgjf; ePkl5 :jfefljs ?kdf ;+;b\af6 cfsif{0f 36\5 . bnLo g]t[Tjn] lvr8L aflx/ ksfpg] / kl:sg] 7fp“ dfq ;+;b\nfO{ agfPsf] 5 . o;sf] c;/ s] k5{ eGg] ljifodf pgLx?n] ;fdfGo e]p;d]t kfPsf 5}gg\ . To; hldGbf/L ;f]rsf sf/0f zlQmsf] k|d'v ;|f]t ;+;b\ lg/Lx aGb} uPsf] 5 . o;n] nf]stGqjfbLx?nfO{ kL8f lbG5 . cem oxf“;Dd ls ;+;b\ / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] a}7s rln/x“bf 7"nf elgPsf g]tfx? pkl:yt x'g ?rfp“b}gg\, pgLx?sf] cg'xf/ s]jn ;Qf x]/km]/sf a]nf dfq} ;+;b\df b]lvG5 .

;+;bLo kqsf/sf] bfloTjl;4fGttM ;+;b\ To:tf] ynf] xf], hxf“ /fHo ;~rfng;DaGwL x/]s

gLlt–ljifo k'Ug'k5{ . dxÎjk"0f{ ljifo ;+;b\df 5nkmn ug{] / lg0f{o lng glbg] em]nL v]nnfO{ kqsf/x?n] lgoldt ?kdf phfu/ ug'{k5{ . sfg'g / gLlt lgdf{0fdf kqsf/n] k"0f{tM …jfr8uÚsf] e"ldsfdf /fVg'k5{ . kqsf/x?dfly klg xNsfkm'Nsf / cf/f]k–k|Tof/f]kd} /Dg] u/]sf] uDeL/ l6Kk0fL a9]sf 5g\, To;nfO{ lrg{ ;Sg'k5{ .

sfg'g lgdf{0fd} ;f+;bx?sf :jfy{ h;/L v'Nb} uPsf 5g\, To;n] d'n'snfO{ c/fhstflt/ df]8\g ;S5 . nf]stGqkl5 ;+;b\df Jofkf/Lb]lv 7]s]bf/x?sf] k|j]z a9]sf] x'“bf ltgsf] :jfy{ vf]tNg] bfloTj ;+;bLo kqsf/x?sf] xf] . a}+s ;~rfnsb]lv lghL :s'n ;~rfns;Dd k|j]z;“u} ;+;b\df cg]sf}“ …cfly{s :jfy{Ú l5/]sf 5g\ . s'g} a]nf ef/tLo ;+;b\df k};f lnP/ k|Zg p7fPsf] k|s/0f aflx/ cfPsf] lyof] . ef/tLo ;+;b\sf]


/fk–tfk g]kfndf klg k/]sf] 5 . g]kfndf hgk|ltlglwsf] rs{+bf] :jfy{ ulx/f];“u vf]tNg' kqsf/sf] d"ne"t bfloTj xf] . hgk|ltlglwn] p7fPsf ljifo / k|;ª\uleq s'g} …ablgotÚ n's]sf] 5 ls eGg]df kqsf/ ;b}j ;r]t /xg'k5{ .

sfg'g lgdf{0f;DaGwL ax;df ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfx?sf] pkl:ylt Go"g 5 . ljw]ossf k|To]s bkmf / zAbdf x'g ;Sg] em]nL v]nsf] /x:o kqsf/x?n] a'e\mg ;Sg'k5{ . sfg'g lgdf{0fsf avt afx\o tÎjn] v]Ng ;Sg] cjfl~5t lqmofsnfk d"Nofª\sg ug{] x}l;otdf kqsf/n] cfkm"nfO{ k'¥ofpg'k5{ . :jfefljs ?kdf sfg'g lgdf{0fsf a]nf ljwfosx?dfly cg}lts / cg'lrt bafa k5{ g} . hgk|ltlglwx? bafa / :jfy{df k5{g\ of kb{}gg\ egL lrg{] sfd klg ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfx?sf] xf] . sfg'g lgdf{0fdf kqsf/ r'Sbf /fi6«lxt ljk/Ltsf sfg'g aGg] / ;Lldt JolQmn] nfe p7fpg] vt/f /xG5 .

;+;bLo Joj:yfsf d"ne"t dfGotfnfO{ :yflkt ug{] sfo{df emsemsfpg] bfloTj ;+;bLo kqsf/x? xf] . xfd|f] sfd v/fa kl/b[Zosf] kbf{kmf; ug'{ xf] . t/, kqsf/x? 3/ hnfP/ v/fgLsf] Gofgf] lng] ju{ xf]Ogg\, 3/ :jR5 / ;kmf /fVg] dfdnf dfq} xfd|f] xf] . hgk|ltlglwx? Jojl:yt ag"g\, d'n'ssf] lxtk|lt lrlGtt xf]pmg\, JolQmut / bnLo :jfy{df cNem]/ d'n'ssf] a[xQ/ :jfy{ cf]em]ndf gkf?g\ eGg] cfdgful/ssf] …c;n rfxgfÚsf] lnsdf hgk|ltlglwx?nfO{ lx“8fpg] p2]Zo ;+;bLo kqsf/x?sf] x'g'k5{ .

;+;bLo l/kf]l6{{ª uDeL/ / ;+j]bgzLn ljifo xf] . uDeL/ eP/ l/kf]l6{ª ug{] xf] eg] Toxf“ v6\g] ;+jfbbftfn] l5§} /fHo ;~rfng;DaGwL 1fg a6'Ng ;S5 . To;sf/0f ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfn] cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L / bfloTj a'e\mg'k5{, r':t ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªaf6 cfkm"nfO{ :yflkt ug{] cj;/ u'dfpg' x'b}g . clg, of] klg a'e\mg'k5{ ls hgk|ltlglwx?lt/ bf]if nufpbf cfkm"lt/ tLg cf}nf kmls{Psf x'g ;S5g\ . kqsf/x?sf] d"ne"t bfloTj hgk|ltlglwsf c;n v/fa sfdsf] n]vfhf]vf u/L gful/snfO{ ;r]t t'Nofpg' dfq xf], k|0ffnLnfO{ alnof] agfpg' xf], h'g xfdLn] e'Ng'x'Gg .-…sflGtk'/Ú b}lgssf ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs yfkf ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf k"j{cWoIf x'g\ ._


;+;bLo kqsfl/tfdf ;"rgfsf] xs

;fdfGo cy{df nf]stGq eGg]lalQs} /fhgLlts :jtGqtf;lxtsf] zf;g k|0ffnL eGg] a'em\g] ul/G5 . clns JofVof ug]{ xf] eg] hgtfn] rfx]sf] bn vf]Ng kfpg], cfjlws lgjf{rg x'g] / hgtfn] cfkm"n] /f]h]sf] bn jf pDd]bjf/nfO{ k|ltlglwsf ?kdf rog ug{ kfpg] / tL hgk|ltlglwx?åf/f lgdf{0f x'g] ;/sf/sf] Joj:yfnfO{ nf]stflGqs zf;g Joj:yfsf ?kdf a'em\g] ul/G5 . o;nfO{ ljz]if ?kdf kl/eflift ubf{ hgtf cfkm}“n] cfkm"nfO{ zf;g ug]{, hgtf cfkm}“n] cfˆgf] sfg'g agfpg] tyf :jtGq / lgikIf Gofofno;lxtsf] zf;g Joj:yf eGg] ul/G5? g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df To;f] eP s] hgtf cfkm} l;+xb/af/df cfP/ zf;g ug]{ xf] t < s] hgtf cfkm} ;+;b\ ejg jf 6'l8v]ndf pleP/ sfg'g agfpg] xf] t < cyjf s] ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] ejg l;+xb/af/af6 cnUu} /fdzfx kydf 5 eg]/ To;nfO{ :jtGq dfGg] xf] t < xf]Og? nf]stGqsf oL l;4fGtx? k|ltkfbg / sfof{Gjog x'g] ljlw a]Un} 5g\?

klxnf], hgtfn] cfkm"n] dg k/fPsf] bnsf pDd]bjf/ jf :jtGq JolQmnfO{ ;d]t cfˆgf] k|ltlglwsf ?kdf lgjf{rgaf6 r'g]/ k7fp5g\?

ls/0f kf]v/]n

cg';Gwfgd"ns / vf]hL kqsfl/tf ubf{ jf hg;/f]sf/sf ;+j]bgzLn ;"rgf ln“bf o; ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]{ xf] eg] hgtfn] hfGg}

rfx]sf], a'em\g} rfx]sf] ;xL ;"rgf pgLx?dfem k|jfx x'g ;S5 . k|dfl0ft / ;To ;"rgf aflx/ Nofpg ;Sbf kqsfl/tfsf] ljZj;gLotf klg

a9\5 .


bf];|f], pgLx?n] cfkm"n] r'g]/ k7fPsf hgk|ltlglwx?n] lgdf{0f u/]sf] ;/sf/n] u/]sf ;a} sfd, sf/afxL / lg0f{o b]z / cfkm" cg's"n 5g\ ls 5}gg\ eg]/ hfr u5{g\? hgk|ltlglwn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] sfg'g b]z / hgtf cg's"n 5g\ ls 5}gg\ eg]/ d"Nofª\sg u5{g\? ltgsf ultljlw cfkm"n] rfx]h:tf eP ls ePgg\ eg]/ ljrf/ u5{g\? t];|f], cfkm"n] r'g]/ k7fPsf hgtk|ltlglwn] oL ;a} sfd /fd|/L ;DkGg u/] eg] k'gM lgjf{lrt u5{g\? xf]Og, k|lts"n sfdsf/afxL / lg0f{o u/]sf] eP ltgnfO{ abNg] / w]/} lrQ ga'em] zf;g k|0ffnL g} km]/abn ug]{ ;fdYo{ /fV5g\? Gofofnosf xsdf o;sf] dfWod clns 3'dfp/f] xf]nf t/ of] ;fdYo{ klg nf]stGqdf cGttM hgtfd} ;'/lIft x'G5? GofofnonfO{ :jtGq 9ª\un] sfd ug]{ jftfj/0f lgdf{0fdf cfgf k|ltlglwn] ;xof]u k' ofP ls k' ofPgg\ < hgk|ltlglwn] x:tIf]k u/]/ sfddf afwf kf] k' ofP ls < cyjf Gofofnon] lgikIf Gofo lbg'sf] ;f6f] dgk/L ug{ yfNbf ltgnfO{ lgoGq0f / ;Gt'ngsf] l;4fGt cjnDag u/]/ 7Ls 7fpdf Nofpg] e"ldsf hgk|ltlglwn] v]n] ls v]n]gg\ eg]/ klg hgtfn] d"Nofª\sg ul//x]sf x'G5g\? cyf{t\ hgtfn] Gofofnosf] d"Nofª\sg ug]{ cfwf/ klg hgk|ltlglw ;+:yf ;+;b\ g} xf]? o;/L hgk|ltlglwsf], ;/sf/sf] jf Gofofnosf] hfr ug]{, d"Nofª\sg ug]{ bfloTj k"/f ug{ hgtfnfO{ ltgsf x/]s ultljlw, sfdsf/afxL, lg0f{o k|lqmofnufotsf ;a} ljifodf hfgsf/L x'g'k of] ls k/]g < lgZro g} tL ;a} ;"rgf hgtfdf clgjfo{ k'Ug'k5{ . nf]stGqdf hgtfdf oxL ;fdYo{ k}bf ug{ ;"rgfsf] xs df}lns xssf ?kdf pknAw x'G5 .

nf]stGqdf cfgf lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx?sf] d"Nofª\sg ug]{ hgtfnfO{ Tof] ;fdYo{ k}bf u/fpg / zf;g k|0ffnLnfO{ ;Dk"0f{ ?kn] hgtfk|lt hjfkmb]xL agfpg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @& sf] &k|To]s gful/snfO{ cfˆgf] jf ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf] s'g} klg ljifosf] ;"rgf dfUg] jf kfpg] xs x'g]5?eGg] Joj:yf 5? ;+ljwfg / sfg'gsf] of] Joj:yf x'bfx'b} klg cfˆgf] of] clwsf/af/] clwsf+z gful/snfO{ cem} hfgsf/L 5}g? dfly pNn]v ePem} ;/sf/sf] sfdsf/afxL ;fj{ef}d hgtfsf gfddf k|ltljlDat x'g] ynf] ;+;b\ g} xf] . o:t} d'n'snfO{ rflxg] ;a} sfg'g ;+;b\n] g} agfpg] xf] / Gofofnosf] :jtGqtfsf] ;+j]bgzLntf klg ;+;b\;“u uP/ hf]l8Psf] 5 . olt dxÎjk"0f{ :yn ;+;b\df ePsf ;a} ultljlw, lg0f{o jf lg0f{o k|lqmofsf af/]df


;j{;fwf/0f gful/s cfkm}“ cfP/ Toxf“sf ;"rgf dfUg] / k|fKt ug]{ sfd Tolt ;xh 5}g . ;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnL gful/s cfP/ Toxf“ ;"rgf clwsf/L;“u ;Dks{ ug]{, ;"rgf gkfP sfof{no k|d'vnfO{ ph'/L lbg] / Tof] klg geP /fli6«o ;"rgf cfof]udf cfP/ k'g/fj]bg u/]/ ;+ljwfgn] k|bfg u/]sf] clwsf/ k|of]u ug]{ sfd r'gf}tLk"0f{ dfq} xf]Og, clxn]sf] cj:yfdf lgs} hl6n 5 . of] cj:yfdf Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ ;~rf/sdL{x?n] g} hgtfsf] ;+ljwfgk|bQ ;"rgfsf] xsnfO{ h;/Lt;/L k|Tofe"t ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;+;bLo dfldnf;DaGwL ;~rf/sdL{x?n] ;+;b\df ePsf k|To]s ultljlw, lg0f{o k|lqmof / lg0f{onfO{ cf–cfgf ;~rf/dfWoddfkm{t ;';"lrt ul//x]sf 5g\? o;/L x]bf{ ;+;bLo dfldnfsf kqsf/x? ;+;b\ / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ultljlwsf ;Gbe{df gful/ssf] df}lns xssf ?kdf ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @& / ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL sfg'gsf] dd{ cg';f/ hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt ug]{ ;zQm dfWod ag]sf 5g\?

;+;bLo ultljlwaf/] hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt ug]{ kqsf/nfO{ cGo k|hftflGqs d'n'sdf slt ;+j]bgzLn dflgG5 / pgLx? slt kl/kSj x'g'k5{ eGg] Pp6f pbfx/0f of] kª\lQmsf/ :jod\n] ef]u]sf] 5 . @)%@ ;fndf k|fWofks kL= v/]n, kqsf/ dxf;ª\3sf k"j{;efklt tf/fgfy bfxfn;lxtsf] kqsf/sf] Pp6f 6f]nL -h;df d klg ;lDdlnt lyP“_ ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª e|d0fsf nflu ef/t uPsf] lyof] . e|d0fsf] Joj:yfkg Ps cGt/f{li6«o u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf -km]8l/s Oa6{ Ol:6km'ª -PkmO{P;_sf] ;xof]udf ul/Psf] lyof] . ef/tLo cfd;~rf/ k|lti7fgdf ef/tsf ;+;bLo kqsf/x?;“usf] 5nkmn sfo{qmd lyof] . Toxf“ ePsf kqsf/x?dWo] pd]/sf lx;fan] ;DejtM d sfG5f]

;/sf/sf] sfdsf/afxL ;fj{ef}d hgtfsf gfddf k|ltljlDat x'g]

ynf] ;+;b\ g} xf] . o:t} d'n'snfO{ rflxg] ;a} sfg'g ;+;b\n]

g} agfpg] xf] / Gofofnosf] :jtGqtfsf] ;+j]bgzLntf klg

;+;b\;“u uP/ hf]l8Psf] 5 . olt dxÎjk"0f{ :yn ;+;b\df ePsf ;a} ultljlw, lg0f{o jf lg0f{o k|lqmofsf af/]df ;j{;fwf/0f gful/s cfkm}“ cfP/ Toxf“sf

;"rgf dfUg] / k|fKt ug]{ sfd Tolt ;xh 5}g .


kqsf/ lyP“ . d ev{/ @# k"/f u/]/ @$ nfu]sf] lyP“ . ;]t} skfn km'n]sf ef/tLo kqsf/x? ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ olt slnnf] pd]/sf] kqsf/ b]v]/ 5Ss kb}{ dnfO{ k|Zg u/] . d}n] g]kfndf k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgf eP/ ;+;bLo cEof; yflnPsf] kf“r jif{ dfq eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf ef/tLox?s} h:tf] ;]t} skfn km'n]sf kqsf/n] dfq ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª u/]sf] g]kfndf vf]Hg' ;fGble{s gx'g] l6Kk0fL u/]kl5 ;a} kqsf/dfem xf“;f] rn]sf] lyof] . ;jfnhjfkm xn'sf 9ª\un] rn] klg ef/tLo kqsf/x?sf] lh1f;fdf ulx/f] ljifo cGt/lglxt lyof] . cyf{t\ ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/ bIf eP/ dfq k'Ub}g, cg'ejL / kl/kSj x'g'k5{ eGg] ef/tLo kqsf/x?sf] egfO lyof] . pgLx?n] ef/tdf sDtLdf !@ jf !% jif{ sfd u/]sfx?n] dfq ;+;bLo

l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ u/]sf] pbfx/0f ;'gfP . ;+;b\sf] ;+j]bgzLntf;“u hf]l8P/ ef/tLo kqsf/x?n] k|:t't u/]sf oL pbfx/0fx?sf] dd{ ;Lwf nf]stflGqs Joj:yfsf] eljio;“u ;DalGwt 5 . ;+;b\sf ;"rgfx? ;xL 9ª\un] k|jflxt eP dfq hgdt l;h{gf eO{ v/fa sfdsf] cfnf]rgf / c;n sfdsf] ;xL d"Nofª\sg ug{ hgtfn] cj;/ kfp“5g . nf]stGqnfO{ ;'b[9 u/fpg] of] Pp6f dxÎjk"0f{ dfWod xf] . o;n] zf;g k|0ffnLnfO{

kf/bzL{, hjfkmb]xL / ;xeflutfd"ns agfp“5 . of] ;Gbe{nfO{ hf]8]/ g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf / ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª

ug]{ kqsf/x?sf] cj:yfsf] d"Nofª\sg x'g h?/L 5 . ;+ljwfgk|bQ hgtfsf] df}lns xssf] ;Gbe{df ;+;bLo kqsf/x?sf] clxn]sf] ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f / k|jfxsf s]xL ;d:of s]nfpg' klg oxf“lg/ ;fGble{s x'G5 . bIf hgzlQmsf] cefj / ;+;bLo cEof;sf] 5f]6f] cjlwsf sf/0f nfdf] cg'ej ePsf kl/kSs kqsf/x?n] dfq ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ ljifo xfd|f] ;Gbe{df sl7g 5 . csf]{tkm{ ;"rgf k|flKtsf] ljlwnfO{ x]/f}“,

d}n] g]kfndf k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgf eP/ ;+;bLo cEof; yflnPsf] kf“r jif{ dfq eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf ef/tLox?s} h:tf] ;]t} skfn km'n]sf kqsf/n] dfq ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª u/]sf] g]kfndf vf]Hg' ;fGble{s gx'g] l6Kk0fL u/]kl5 ;a} kqsf/dfem xf“;f] rn]sf] lyof] .


;fdfGotof ;+;b\ cfkm}“n] rfx]sf] k|j4{gfTds ;"rgf kqsf/x?dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs x'G5 jf kqsf/n] cfˆgf] ;|f]t kl/rfng u/]/ s]xL ;"rgf lnG5g\ / kf7s;dIf k|:t't u5{g\? klxnf] k|lqmofaf6 ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs x'bf hgtfn] rfx]sf] eGbf ;+;b\sf kbflwsf/L jf ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/Ln] rfx]sf] ;"rgf ;fj{hlgs x'g] cj:yf x'G5? bf];|f] k|lqmofaf6 ;"rgf ;ª\sng ubf{ kqsf/n] k|of]u u/]sf] ;|f]tn] &Dofg'k'n];g?ug]{ vt/f /xG5? of] cj:yfdf ;|f]tn] cfkm"nfO{ hf]ufP/ dfq ;"rgf lbg] ;Defjgf a9L x'G5? cyf{t\ ;|f]t hf]hf];u k|efljt x'G5, To;nfO{ hf]ufP/ dfq ;"rgf lbPsf] x'g ;S5? oL k|lqmofaf6 ;"rgf lnbf slxn]sfxL ;To, tYo / k|dfl0ft ;"rgf gcfP/ kqsfl/tfdfly g} k|Zg p7\g ;Sg] vt/f /xG5? csf]{lt/ hgtfn] hfGg} rfx]sf], a'em\g} rfx]sf] / cfkm"n] lt/]sf] s/sf] ;b'kof]u eP–ePsf] lx;falstfaaf/] ;Dk"0f{ ;"rgf lng Tolt ;xh x'b}g? kqsf/ :jod\ klg g]kfnL gful/s ePsf] x'gfn] pgLx?n] ;+ljwfg / ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]g, @)^$ adf]lhd lgj]bg btf{ u/]/ ;+;b\;DaGwL ;"rgf lng] / To;nfO{ k|sfzg / k|;f/0f ug]{ xf] eg] hgtfsf] ;"rgfsf] xs k|Tofe"ltdf ;+;bLo dfldnfsf kqsf/x?n] ;f“lRrs} ;Djfxssf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;S5g\ . csf]{lt/ ;To, tYo / k|dfl0ft kqsfl/tf x'g uO{ ;dfhdf kqsfl/tfk|lt ljZjf; klg cfh{g x'G5 . kqsf/x?n] k|To]s lbg ;"rgf ;ª\sng u/]/ k|sfzg / k|;f/0f ug'{kbf{ ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]gadf]lhd lgj]bg lbP/ ;w}“ k|dfl0ft ;"rgf lng ;Dej x'“b}g . P]gsf] k|of]u u/]/ lgj]bg lb“bf ;"rgf clwsf/L;dIf !% lbg s'g'{kg]{, To;kl5 ph'/L lbP/ sfof{no k|d'v;dIf csf]{ ;ft lbg s'g'{kg]{ / To;kl5 klg ;"rgf gkfP /fli6«o ;"rgf cfof]udf k'g/fj]bg btf{ u/]/ ;"rgf lng nfdf] k|lqmofdf hfg'kg]{ afWotf 5 . of] ;w}“ Jofjxfl/s x'“b}g . t/, cg';Gwfgd"ns / vf]hL kqsfl/tf ubf{ jf hg;/f]sf/sf ;+j]bgzLn ;"rgf ln“bf o; ljlwsf] k|of]u ug]{ xf] eg] hgtfn] hfGg} rfx]sf], a'em\g} rfx]sf] ;xL ;"rgf pgLx?dfem k|jfx x'g ;S5 . k|dfl0ft / ;To ;"rgf aflx/ Nofpg ;Sbf kqsfl/tfsf] ljZj;gLotf klg a9\5 . ;du|df o;af6 ;+;b\nfO{ lhDd]jf/ / kf/bzL{ agfpg] tyf ;+;b\åf/f ;Dkfbg x'g] sfdsf/afxL, lg0f{o tyf ;f];DaGwL k|lqmofsf af/]df k|To]s gful/ssf] hfgsf/L dfUg] tyf kfpg] clwsf/


k|Tofe"t u5{ . o;af6 ;+;b\sf] sfdsf/afxL tyf k|lqmofsf af/]df hgtfåf/f cg'udg ug]{ cj;/ k|fKt x'G5 / hgtf ;Dk|e' x'g\ eGg] tYo :yflkt x'G5 .

/fHosf tLg cª\u Joj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf / GofokflnsfdWo] Joj:yflksf t'ngfTds lx;fan] cGo cª\ueGbf a9L kf/bzL{ / hgtfk|lt ;dlk{t x'G5 . ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]gn] oL tLgj6} lgsfosf ;fy} /fhgLlts bn, sfg'gaf6 :yflkt lgsfo ;a}nfO{ ;fj{hlgs lgsfo dfg]/ ltgdf /x]sf] ;"rgfdf hgtfsf] kx'“rnfO{ k|Tofe"t u/]sf] 5 . oL ;a} ;fj{hlgs lgsfodWo] hgtfk|lt a9L hjfkmb]xL / ;dlk{t ;+:yf ePsf gftfn] ;+;b\ a9L v'nf / kf/bzL{ ePsf] cj:yfdf cGo lgsfosf nflu klg k|]/0ffsf] ;|f]t aGg ;S5 . ;+;b\nfO{ v'nf / kf/bzL{tfsf] s;Ldf v/f] ptfg{ ;+;bLo dfldnfsf kqsf/x?sf] e"ldsf dxÎjk"0f{ x'G5 . t/, pgLx?sf] clxn]sf] e"ldsf dfq o;sf nflu kof{Kt 5}g . ;+;bLo kqsf/x?n] ;"rgfsf] xssf] k|of]u u/]/ ;xL cy{df hgtfn] ;+;b\sf] cg'udg ug]{ u/L ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f ug'{k5{, h;sf nflu clxn]sf] ;"rgf ;ª\sngsf] dfWod kof{Kt xf]Og . To;}n] pgLx?n] ;+ljwfg / sfg'gn] Joj:yf u/]sf] ;"rgfsf] xssf] k|of]u ug'{k5{ . h;n] ;'zf;g, kf/bzL{tf, hjfkmb]xL zf;g k|0ffnL / hg;xeflutfnfO{ a9fjf lbg]5 . oL rf/ tÎj nf]stGqsf cfwf/e"t ;"rs x'g\ . logsf] cj:yfn] To; b]zsf] nf]stGqsf] cj:yfnfO{ Oª\lut u5{ . oL rf/ s'/f alnof 5g\ eg] nf]stGq klg ;'b[9 5 . oL sdhf]/ 5g\ eg] nf]stGq klg sdhf]/ 5 eGg] k|:6 x'G5 . oL rf/ s'/f hf“r ug]{ cf}hf/ eg]sf] ;"rgfsf] xssf] sfof{Gjog xf] . ;"rgfsf] xs hlt k|efjsf/L sfof{Gjog x'G5, d'n'sdf Tolt a9L kf/bzL{tf, ;'zf;g, hg;xeflutf / hjfkmb]xL zf;g k|0ffnL sfod x'G5 . ;+;b\nfO{ hjfkmb]xL agfpg] cleoGtfsf ?kdf ;+;bLo kqsf/x?n] w]/}eGbf w]/} ;"rgfsf] xs;DaGwL P]gsf] k|of]u u/]/ ;"rgf ;ª\sng ug{;s] clwsf/af/] cgle1 hgtfsf] ;"rgfsf] xssf] ;xL cy{df k|Tofe"lt klg x'G5 .

-kf]v/]n /fli6«o ;"rgf cfof]usf ;b:o x'g\ ._


;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf cK7\of/f

cfd;~rf/sf ljifodf k7g–kf7g u/fpg] ljZjljBfnosf sIffsf]7fb]lv ldl8of xfp;df sfo{/t ;~rf/sdL{sf nflu ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf gf}nf] ljifo xf]Og . ljlzi6s[t ;dfrf/ If]qsf] Ps d'Vo pbfxf/0fsf ?kdf ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf kl/lrt 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] k'g{:yfkgf otf /fHo;Qfsf] d'n s]Gb| / /fhgLlts ynf]sf ?kdf ;+;bsf] e"ldsf lbgfg'lbg a9\bf] 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf dlGqkl/ifb\sf ;b:ox? ;fd'lxs / JolQmut?kdf ;d]t ;bg dfkm{tg} hgtfk|lt hjfkmb]xL / pQ/bfoL x'G5g\ . t;y{ ;+;b :jo+ g} ;/sf/ lgdf{tf dfq geO{ ;fdu| /fHo;+oGqsf] ;jf]{Rr lgodgsf/L lgsfo ;d]t xf] . olt w]/} zlQmzfnL ;+:yfsf ?kdf ;+;b, ;+;bLo ;ldlt, ;lrjfno, ;bgdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ /fhgLlts bn, ;f+;b / tLgsf ;du| lqmofsnfk hgrf;f] / ;/f]sf/sf ljifo x'g\ . oLg} ljifonfO{ s]Gb|df /fv]/ ;"rgf÷;dfrf/ ;+sng / ;Dk|]if0f g} ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf] cfwf/e"t If]q xf] .

dfgljo cle?lrsf ljifoh:t} cfd gful/ssf] hLjgdf k|efj kfg]{ /fhgLlts lqmofsnfk cfd;~rf/ / kqsfl/tfsf cfwf/e"t ljifo x'g\ . ;+;bdf x'g] sf]/f

/fh]Gb| k'mofn

hgk|ltlglwdfyL ;j{;fwf/0fn] rfx]sf] o:tf] kx'“r JolQmut?kdf ;+ej gx'g] ePsf sf/0f klg ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf, cfd;~rf/ dfWod / ;fdflhs ;~hfnx?sf] nf]slk|otf lbgfg'lbg a9]sf] xf] .


/fhgLlts efif0f dfq geO{ ;bgdf x'g] k|To]s 5nkmn, lg0f{o / ultljlwn] cfd dflg;nfO{ kfg]{ c;/ kqsfl/tfsf] s]Gb|Lo ljifo x'g ;S5g\ . v'nf ;dfhdf cfd gful/sn] cf̂ gf k|ltlglwsf k|To]s lg0f{o / lqmofsnfknfO{ lg/Gt/ cg'udg ug{ rfxG5g\ . hgk|ltlglwdfyL ;j{;fwf/0fn] rfx]sf] o:tf] kx'“r JolQmut?kdf ;+ej gx'g] ePsf sf/0f klg ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf, cfd;~rf/ dfWod / ;fdflhs ;~hfnx?sf] nf]slk|otf lbgfg'lbg a9]sf] xf] .

;+;bLo Joj:yfdf ;bgsf] k"0f{ a}7sdf x'g] k|To]s s[ofsnfk Ps k|sf/sf] k|bz{g xf] . cf}krfl/s ?kdf ;bgaf6 ;Dkfbg ePsf] b]lvg] k|To]s dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o / To;sf] k|lqmof k"j{lgwf{l/t x'G5g\ . ;bgdf x'g] cfqmd0f / tf]8\kmf]8 h:tf ckjfbhGo 36gf dfq} ;f]em} a}7s sIfdf 3l6t x'G5g\ . af“sL ;a} k|lqmof / cGt/j:t' ;efd'v, bnsf k|d'v ;r]tsx?, ;+;bLo ;ldlt, pk;ldlt / cGo cf}krfl/s÷cgf}krfl/s ;+oGqdf to ePsf x'G5g\ . t;y{ ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf] ;/f]sf/ ;bgsf] d'n a}7s dfq geO{ ;+;bLo ;ldlt, pk;ldlt tyf cGo cf}krfl/s÷cgf}krfl/s ;+oGqx? x'g . tL ;+oGqx?sf] sfo{z}nL ;w}e/L ;bgsf] k"0f{ a}7s h:tf] v'nf / kf/bzL{ x'“b}g . ;bgaf6 ul/g] lg0f{o, 3f]if0ff / 5nkmnsf Ph]08f tof/Lsf nflu lt ;+oGqn] ug]{ cgf}krfl/s k|of; dxTjk"0f{ ;dfrf/sf ljifoj:t' x'g ;S5g\ .

pxf/0fsf nflu cfly{s jif{ @)&#÷)&$ sf] ah]6df 3f]if0ff ePsf] ;f+;bsf] 3/ef8f j[l4 ;DaGwL Joj:yf sfof{Gjogsf nflu …;+;b ;]jf P]g–@)%@Ú ;+;f]wg ljw]os ;+;bdf btf{ x'g} af“sL 5 . t/ ;f+;bsf] 3/ef8f, j}7seQf / oftfoft ;'ljwfdf x'g] j[l4af/] slDtdf b'O{ r/0fsf ;dfrf/ ;fdlu| k|sflzt eO;s]sf 5g\ . ljw]os d:of}bfsf nflu sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfnon] ;+;b ;lrjfnosf] /fo dfu]kl5 ;efd'våf/f ul7g k|d'v bnsf d'Vo ;r]tsx? ;lDdlnt sfo{bnn] u/]sf] ;'ljwf ;DaGwL k|:tfjnfO{ w]/} b}lgs cvjf/ / cGo ldl8ofn] ;dfrf/ jgfPsf 5g\ . pQm k|:tfjnfO{ ljw]ossf] d:of}bfsf] ?k lbPkl5 c;f]hsf] bf];|f] ;ftf cy{ dGqfnon] kl/dfh{g ;lxt lbPsf] :jLs[tsf cfwf/df bf];|f] r/0fsf] ldl8of se/]h ePsf] 5 . ;+;bdf ljw]os btf{, k]; / kfl/t x'“bf klg ;f+;bsf] ;'ljwf j[l4 ;DaGwL ;dfrf/n] dxTj kfpg] lglZrt 5 . o;cy{df ljleGg dGqfno, ljefu / cGo ;/sf/L÷u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfoaf6 ;Dkfbg eO{/x]sf sfd, lg0f{o jf u[xsfo{ ;d]t ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf ljifoj:t't x'g\ .


/fhgLlts, k|zf;gLs / ;+;bLo sfd–sf/jfxL Ps–csf{df cGt/;DaGwLt x'g] ePsfn] sltko ;Gbe{df s'g} vf; IF]q ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf] la6 leq k5{ eb}{g eGg] 5'6\ofpg} sl7g x'G5 . t/ ;fj{hlgs k|zf;gdf x'g] sfo{ljefhg / IF]qflwsf/sf] af8kmf6 / k|i6tf cfd;~rf/ u[xsf] la6df vf]lh/xg' kb}{g . kqsf/sf] ;lqmotf, ;dfrf/ ;|f]tdf x'g] kx'“r, ljifj:t'nfO{ a'em\g] Ifdtf / k|:t'tLn] ;dfrf/ IF]q -News Beet_sf] bfo/f ;f“3'/f] jf km/flsnf] kfg{ ;S5 . ;+;bLo bnsf s[ofsnfk slxn] /fhgLlts bn ;DaGwL la6df t slxn] ;+;bLo la6df kg'{ o;}sf] pbfxf/0f xf] . ;+;bLo ultljlw dfkm{t /fhgLlts / k|zf;lgs IF]qdf x'g;Sg] hg;Dks{n] ;dfrf/sf cGo ;|f]t;+usf] kx'“rnfO{ ;d]t ;xh t'Nofpg] ;+efjgf /xG5 . t;y{ k|ToIf ?kdf ;+;bLo lj6 ;lqmo g/x]sf kqsf/ ;d]t ;+;b ejg / ;lrjfno kl/;/df jfSn} b]Vg kfO{G5 .

el/e/fp k|]; Uofn/L;+;bnfO{ d'Vo la6 agfP/

cvaf/, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / cgnfO{g kqsfl/tf ug]{ ;+rf/sdL{sf] ;+Vof Tolt 7"nf] 5}g . ;+;bejgsf ?kdf k|of]u eO/x]sf] gof“ jfg]Zj/ l:ylt cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|sf] k|]; Uofn/Ldf ^% l;6 5g\ . ;+;b ;lrjfnsf] k|]; tyf hg;Dks{ zfvfsf] tYofÍ cg';f/ @)&# c;f/ d;fGtb]lv c;f]hsf] clGtd;Dd k|]; kf; gljs/0f ug]{ / gof“ lng]sf] ;+Vof ====5 . t/ ;/sf/sf] jflif{s gLlt–sfo{qmdsf nflu /fi6«kltaf6 x'g] ;+jf]wg, ah]6 efif0f, k|wfgdGqL lgjf{rg h:tf dxTjk"0f{ lbgdf afx]s k|]; Uofn/Lsf clwsf+z s'rL{ vfnL /xG5g\ . ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL g/]Gb| df]bLsf] klxnf] g]kfn e|d0fsf a]nf -@)&@ ;fpg _ u/]sf] ;+af]wgsf a]nf k|]; Uofn/Lsf] clwsf+z l;6 ljb]zL kqsf/n] el/Psf lyP . df]bLg} g]kfnsf] ;+;bnfO{ ;+af]wg ug]{ klxnf] ljb]zL ;/sf/ k|d'v x'g\ .

;fj{hlgs k|zf;gdf x'g] sfo{ljefhg / IF]qflwsf/sf]

af8kmf6 / k|i6tf cfd;~rf/ u[xsf] la6df vf]lh/xg'

kb}{g . kqsf/sf] ;lqmotf, ;dfrf/ ;|f]tdf x'g] kx'“r,

ljifj:t'nfO{ a'em\g] Ifdtf / k|:t'tLn] ;dfrf/ IF]q -News Beet_sf] bfo/f ;f“3'/f] jf

km/flsnf] kfg{ ;S5 .


a}7s sIfsf] dflyNnf] tnf -k|]; Unf/Lsf] blIf0f j/08f;+u}_df /x]sf] kqsf/ sIfdf Ps bh{g kqsf/sf] l;6 5 . k|]; Unf/Laf6 k|ToIf lgu/fgL ug'{ gkg]{ ;dosf nflu /fp08 6]jn ;lxtsf] of] sIf cvjf/L kqsf/sf nflu cgf}krfl/s ;+jfbsf] ynf] ePsf] 5 . e"O{tnfdf /x]sf ldl8of ;]G6/df eg] 6]lnlehg / cgnfO{g kqsf/sf] k|fyldstfdf k5{ . OG6/g]6 hl8t cf7 j6f sDKo'6/af6 cfnf]kfnf] u/L ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]0f ug]{ ;'ljwf lng ;lsG5 . 6]lnlehg Sofd]/f k;{gn] a}7s sIfaf6 k|zfl/t >Jo–b[:o ;+sng ug]{ ynf] klg oxL xf] . sDKo"6/sf] l;ldttf, ;f“3'/f] sf]7f / jxfnjfnf dGqLb]lv e"k" ljlzi6;Ddsf ;'/IffsdL{sf] le8n] ldl8of ;]G6/ kqsf/d}qL eg] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;+u}sf] ;fgf] sfo{nodf a}7ssf sfo{;"rL, cl3Nnf] a}7ssf] ;"rgfkq, ;bgdf k]; ePsf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf k|ltj]bg / cGo ;fdu|L pknAw x'G5g\ .

;+;b, ;efd'v, ;+;bLo ;ldlt / ;+;b ;lrjfnosf] k|]; e]63f6 / kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf nflu 5'6\g} ldl8of ;]G6/ ;Dd 5}g . nlj l/kf]l6ªsf] cEof; gePsfn] kqsf/n] ;f+;b, ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ;efklt / ;lrjfnosf kbflwsf/L e]6\g] :yfg ejg kl/;/sf] k5f8L /x]sf] au}rf jf rd]gf u[x xf] . bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ngåf/f @)^# j}zfv !! df k'g{:yflkt k|ltlglw;ef, tTsflng z;:q lab|f]xaf6 zflGt k|lqmofdf cfPsf] dfcf]jfbL ;lDdlnt Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] ;dob]lv ;a} ;+;bLo ;ldltx? k|];sf nflu v'nf 5g\ . t/ ;ldltsf ;a} ;b:o pkl:yt ePdf ;f+;bg} gc6fpg] ;ldltsf a}7s sIfdf k|];sf nflu l;ldlt l;6 5g\ .

;"rgf ljefudf btf{ /x]sf ^&@ b}lgs, ## cw{;fKtflxs, @&() ;fKtflxt, $@! kflIfs / @@)( dfl;s kqklqsf 5g\ .1 dWodf~rn If]qdf dfq} btf{ /x]sf #&% b}lgs ;lxt % xhf/ ^ ;o @) kqlqsf/ btf{ 5g\ . To;}u/L cg'dlt kfPsf ($ 6]lnlehg dWo #@ j6f dfq} k|zf/0fdf 5g\ eg] nfO{;]G; lnPsf ̂ ^( dWo] %&$ PkmPd /]l8of] k|zf/0fdf 5g\ .2 oL ;a} ldl8ofsf k|ltlglw l/kf]l6ªsf nflu ;+;bdf cfpg Jojxfl/s ?kdf klg ;+ej 5}g . To;df klg /fhwfgL aflx/af6} ;~rflnt ;~rfnu[xn] ;+;b 5'§} ;+jfbbftf k7fpg] cEof; 5}g .

1 @)&# c;f]h !* df ;"rgf ljefuaf6 ptf/ ul/Psf] /]s8{ cg';f/2 ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ k|ljlw dGqfnodf @)&# c;f]h d;FGt;Dd cBfjwLs tYofª


;do;Ldf b[li6n] ;+ejt ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª g} ;a}eGbf al9 ;do lbg'kg]{ la6 xf] . b'O{j6} ;+ljwfg;ef sfo{sfndf Joj:yflksf–;+;b / ;+ljwfg;ef tkm{sf bh{gf} a}7ssf lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;'? jf :yug 3f]if0ff gx'“bf ;ef;b\;+u} kqsf/n] rf}/Ldf lbg s6fpg' kYof]{ . ;+lwfg;efsf] Dofb yksf 36gfdf t y'k|} kqsf/n] ;efejg kl/;/df nuftf/ @$ 3G6f eGbf al9 klg ljtfPsf lyP . @)^& h]7 !$ ut] ljxfg * ah] 8flsPsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] a}7s @) e06f l9nf] j;L ;+ljwfg;efsf] sfo{sfn Ps jif{ yk ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] .3

@)&@ c;f]h # df ;+ljwfg hf/L u/];+u} ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ?kfGtl/t ePsf] Joj:yflksf ;+;bn] eg] k"j{lgwf{l/t ;od eGbf b'O{ 3G6f l9nf ;Dd klg a}7s ;'? x'g g;s]df pQm a}7s :jt :ylut ePsf] dflgg] / ;efd'vn] csf]{ a}7ssf] ;"rgf lbg'kg]{ lgod jgfPsf] 5 . o;af6 ;+;bLo sfdsf/jfxL / l/kf]l6{ªnfO{ s]xL ;xh agfpg] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 .

;+ljwfg;efsf tL lbg @)^$ r}t @* df b'O{ jif{sf nflu lgjf{lrt klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] @)^%

h]7 !% df a;]sf] klxnf] a}7sn] u0ftGq sfof{Gjog ;DaGwL P]ltxfl;s k|:tfj kfl/t u/]sf] lyof] . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f;+u ;/sf/ u7g, lgoGq0f / lgoldt ljwfogL sfdsf nflu Joj:yflksf– ;+;bsf] sfd ;d]t ug'{ To; ;efsf lhDd]jf/L lyP . bzjif]{ z;:q åGåkl5 @)^# d+l;/ & sf] j[xt zflGt ;Demf}tfaf6 ljlwjt ;'? ePsf] zflGt k|lqmof / dw]z cfGbf]ngsf] dfusf ?kdf cl3 cfPsf] ;+3Lotf h:tf dxTjk"0f{ ljifo;+u ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfd h]lnPsf] lyof] . k6s k6s zflGt k|lqmofsf sfd klxn] ls ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfd eGg] /fhgLlts ljjfbaf6 ;+3Lotf, zf;sLo :j?k, lgjf{rg / Gofo k|0ffnL h:tf cfwf/e"t /fhgLlts d'2fdf ulDe/ 5nkmn x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . oLg} ljjfb ;dfwfg ug{ g;Sbf @)^( h]7 !$ ut] klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] cj;fg ePsf] lyof] .

ljlzi6s[t l/kf]l6{ªljlw lgdf{0fsf sltko k6\of/ nfUbf k|lqmof g kqsf/sf] ?lrdf k5{g g

;~rf/ u[xsf k|fyldstfdf g} k5{g . sltko ljw]ossf ;}4flGts 5nkmn, cGo Joj:yfkg sfo{df x'g] cndn ;dfrf/sf ljifo gePklg ;fdfGo tM

3 k'mofn /fh]Gb|, ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgb]lv cj;fg;Dd, ;f+lu|nf a'S;, k[i7 !&$_


a}7s g;lsbf;Dd ;+;bLo kqsf/nfO{ ;+;b ejg 5f]8]/ lx8\g] 5'6 x'“b}g . tL lg/fz jx;sf aLr x'g ;Sg] ck|Tofl;t 36gf, vfnL s'rL{sf] ;+Vof a9\b}ubf{ k|ltkIfn] p7fpg ;Sg] sf]/dsf] k|Zg, kIf–ljkIfdf x'g;Sg] lgodfklQ h:tf ljifo rf]l6nf ;dfrf/ jGg] u/]sf 5g\ . k'/} ;do ?Ubf klg o:tf] cgf}krfl/s ;dfrf/sf ljifj:t' ;w} e]l6G5g\ eGg] xf]Og . ;~rf/u[xsfaLrsf] a9\bf] k|lt:kwf{sf sf/0f dfq xf]Og, cfˆg} xfp; leqsf] k|lt:kwf{sf sf/0f klg la6df vl6Psf] kqsf/ o:tf 36gfsf] k|ToIfbzL{ jGgaf6 r'Sg rfxb}g .

;+;bsf lgoldt ljifo cf}krfl/s ;dfrf/sf ;|f]t x'g\ . c? la6df h:t} ;+;bLo If]qdf klg clgoldt, c:jefljs / cfsl:ds 36gf jf k|j[lQg} ;dfrf/sf k|fyldstf x'g . @)^# h]7 $sf] k|ltlglw;ef 3f]if0ff

xf]; ls, @)&@ c;f]h # df gof“ ;+ljwfg hf/L ePsf] 3f]if0ff ug]{ P]ltxfl;s lbgx? ck|Tofl;t geP/ k"j{lgwf{l/t ePklg ;a} cvjf/sf Jofg/ ;dfrf/sf ljifo lyP . @)&! df3 % sf] dWo/ftL ;+ljwfg;ef a}7sdf tt\sflng dfcf]jfbL ;f+;bx?n] u/]sf] cfqmd0f / tf]8kmf]8sf] 36gf ;dfrfl/o d'Nosf b[li6n] plQs} 7"nf] ;dfrf/ lyof] . t/ ldl8ofdf d'Vo ;dfrf/ aGg] o:tf k"j{lgwf{l/t ;dfrf/ ;+;bLo la6

;w} lj/n} x'G5g\ . ;+;b / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf 5nkmndf p7\g] ljifosf cfwf/df ;"rgfsf] …Sn'Ú ;dft]/ ul/g] vf]hk"0f{ l/kf]l6ªn] dfq ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfnfO{ ;bjxf/ agfpg ;S5 . o:tf] vf]hsf nflu ;+;bLo ;ldlt, ;f+;b / kqsf/ Ps–csf{sf kl/k'/s x'g ;S5g\ . cfy{t slxn] ;~rf/dfWodn] aflx/ NofPsf] ;"rgf ;+;bLo vf]hLsf] cfwf/ aG5 eg] slxn] s'g} ;fdfGo ;+;bLo sfuhftdf 6s]/ kqsf/n] gof“ vf]h / /x:opb\3f6 ug{ ;S5g\ . klxnf] ;+ljwfg;ef sfo{sfndf ePsf] ;'8fg 3f]6fnf 5fglgj, bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;ef sfo{sfndf e"k" clt ljlzi6

;do;Ldf b[li6n] ;+ejt ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª g} ;a}eGbf al9 ;do lbg'kg]{ la6 xf] . b'O{j6} ;+ljwfg;ef sfo{sfndf Joj:yflksf–;+;b / ;+ljwfg;ef tkm{sf bh{gf} a}7ssf lgwf{l/t ;dodf ;'? jf :yug 3f]if0ff gx'“bf ;ef;b\;+u} kqsf/n] rf}/Ldf lbg s6fpg' kYof]{ .


kbflwsf/Lsf] ;'ljwf ;DaGwL ljw]so lkmtf{ ug]{ tTsflng ;efd'v ;'jf; g]Djfªsf] lg0f{o, ;+;bsf] k"0f{ a}7saf6 kfl/t x'g] ;dodf cy{ ;ldltdf lkmtf{ ePsf] a}lsª s;'/ tyf ;hfo P]g -jflkmof_ o:t} ;xsfo{sf pbfxf/0f x'g\ .

;+;bsf] /fHoJoj:yf ;ldltn] klxnf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg cl3 g]kfn k|x/Ln] ;'8fg zflGt ld;gsf nflu lsg]sf] aVt/jGb uf8L ;lxt $$ s/f]8 ?k}of“sf] aGbf]j:tLsf ;fdu|L vl/bdf sl/a #% s/f]8 3f]6fnf ePsf] tYo phfu/ u/]sf] lyof] . o;sf nflu Pdfn]sf tTsflng ;f+;b k|lbk 1jfnL g]t[Tjsf] ;+;bLo 6f]nLn] ;'8fgd} k'u]/ ;To–tYo vf]h]sf] lyof] . ;ldltsf] ;f]xL lg:sif{sf cfwf/df clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] yk cg';Gwfg u/L tTsflng k|x/L dxflg/LIfs /d]z rGb ;lxtsf cleo'Qmx? lj?4 d'2f bfo/ ePsf] lyof] . ljz]if cbfntaf6 k'li6ePsf] ;'8fg 3f]6fnfaf/] ;jf]{Rrsf] clGtd km};nf cfpg af“sL 5 . ;'8fg 3f]6fnfO{ ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] 5fgljgsf] ljifo jgfpg]b]lv lg:sif{df k'of{pg];Ddsf sfddf ;+;bLo ;ldltdf /x]sf] ldl8of“sf] kx'“rn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] lyof] .

;jf]{Rr cbfntn] ;/sf/nfO{ sfg'g agfP/ dfq} /fHosf k"j{ ljlzi6 kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;'ljwf glbg cfb]z lbPsf] lyof] . dlGqkl/ifb\sf] thlahL lg0f{osf cfwf/df k"j{ ljlzi6n] lnPsf cfjf;, uf8Lnufotsf ;'ljwfdf c+s'z nfu]kl5 tTsflng ;/sf/n] -slxn]_ ;+;bdf ljw]os btf{ u/fPsf] lyof] . cfd;~rf/sf dfWoddf To;sf] rf}tlkm{ cfnf]rgf ePklg g]Djfªn] ;/sf/nfO{ ljw]os lkmtf{ lng eg]sf lyP . To:t kqsf/sf cf“v gk/]sf eP a}+s/ ;f+;bx?sf] :jfy{ cg's'n cy{ ;ldltaf6 ;j{;Ddt kfl/t ePsf] aflkmof ljw]os ;bgsf] k"0f{a}7saf6 ;DalGwt ;ldltdf lkmtf{ x'g ;Sg] lyPg . a}+s ;~rfns ;ldltsf cWoIf b'O{ eGbf al9 sfo{sfn x'g gkfpg] ljw]ossf] d'n k|:tfjdf a}+s/ ;f+;bsf] :jfy{ cg's'n ;+;f]wg ePsf] nufotsf ljifo ldl8ofdf cfPkl5 tTsflng cy{dGqL lai0f' kf}8]nn] ljw]os lkmtf{sf] kxn u/]sf lyP . lzIff P]g ;+;f]wg ljw]osdfly ldl8ofsf] Wofg gk'Ubf 7"nf lghL ljBfnosf] l;lG8s]6 :yflkt x'g] k|fjwfgdf nfndf]x/ nfu]sf] 5 . lghL ljBfnosf ;~rfnsx? :jo+ ;b:o /x]sf] dlxnf, jfnjflnsf, h]i7 gful/s tyf ;dfh sNof0f ;ldltdf ePsf] bkmfjf/ 5nkmn af/] jflkmofdf h:tf] ldl8ofsf] Wofg s]Gb|Lt ePg . kl/0ffd lghL sDkgLn] ;~rfng u/]sf


ljBfno oyfjt /xg] t/ gof“ ljBfno eg] u'7Ln] dfq} vf]Ng kfpg] k|fjwfg ;lxt ljw]os kfl/t eof] . cy{, ;fj{hlgs n]vf, ljsf;, jftfj/0f h:tf ;ldltx? ;+;bLo la6sf kqsf/sf] dfq geO{ ;DalGwt la6df ;lqmo cGo kqsf/x? ;d]t pkl:yt x'G5g\ . t/ ljwfog, dlxnf h:tf ;ldltdf b'a}y/L kqsf/sf] k|fyldstf Go"g b]lvGG5 .

;+;b– kqsf/ ;DaGw;+;b, ;+;bLo ;ldlt / ;lrjfno ;"rgfsf] ;|f]t x'g eg] ;~rf/sdL{

;dfrf/÷ljrf/sf ;+jfxs x'g\ . ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0fsf nflu sltko cj:yfdf cfkm} ;lqmo x'g'kg]{ ;+a}wflgs bfloTj ;d]t jf]s]sf oL ;fj{hlgs lgosfn] ;"rgf vf]Hg cfpg] kqsf/nfO{ ;d]t lj/n} dfq k"0f{ / e/kbf]{ ;fdlu| pknAw u/fp5g\ . ;+;b / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf a}7s jf cGo lqmofsnfkdf pkl:yt gePsf kqsf/;Dd ;"rgf k'of{pg] ;+oGq lgdf{0f ul/Psf 5}gg\ . Go'gtd ;'ljwfo'Qm ldl8of ;]G6/sf] ;~rfng, lgoldt k|]; la|lkmª, ;+;bLo clen]vsf] cBfjlws jlu{s/0f, Plss[t j]e;fO{6 ;~rfng / k|ToIf k|zf/0f h:tf cfwf/e"t sfo{n] kqsf/nfO{ ;xhtf dfq} k|bfg ub}{g ;bgdf hgtfsf] kx'“r :yflkt ug{ ;xof]u k'of{p5 . cTofw'lgs ;"rgf k|ljlw / ;dflhs ;~hfn dfkm{t a}7ssf ;"rgf, sfo{;"rL / lg0f{o dfq geO{ ;b:osf] egfO{ ;d]t tTsfn} hgtfsf] kx'“df k'of{pg ;lsG5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf ;+;bdf kl/;/df le8ef8 gu/Lsg} klg kqsf/n] sltko ;"rgf cfjZostf kl/k"tL{ ug{ ;S5g\ .4

;fdfGotM ;"rgf ;+sng, ;dfrf/ n]vg, ;Dk|]if0f / hgdt lgdf{0fdf ;+;b / ;~rf/ hutsf] :jfy{ aflemb}g . ;+;bLo dfldnfsf ljifoj:t' / s[ofsnfknfO{ clen]lvs/0f ug'{, jl~rlts/0fdf k/]sf ju{, ;d'bfo / If]qsf ;/f]sf/ ;+jlGwt kIf;Dd k'of{pg d2t ug'{, nf]stGqsf] ;'b[l9s/0f / lbuf] zflGtsf nflu /fhgLlts åGå Aoj:yfkgdf ;sf/fTds e"ldsf v]Ng' ;+;b / ;~rf/If]qsf ;femf nIo x'g\ . t/ ;s];Dd ;"rgf n'sfpg vf]Hg] /fhgLltsdL{ / sd{rf/LtGqsf] rl/q / ;To k/LIf0f ljgfg} ;dfrf/ …a]|sÚ ug]{ kqsf/sf] k|lt:kwf{nfO{ oL ;femf p2]Zosf Jojwfgsf ?kdf lng' k5{ . t/ cf–cfˆgf Jojf;flos bIftf cj[l4af6 oL Jojwfg lg?T;flxt ug{ ;lsG5 . ;~rf/sdL{sf] Ifdtf clej[l4sf nflu ;+;b / k|];aLr ;+:yfut ;xof]u /

4 ldlt @)&! r}t !#–!$ df uf]s0f{ l/;f]6{df cfof]lht ;+ljwfg;ef ;lrjfno / k|]; ;DaGw ljifos cGt/lqmof sfo{qmdf k|:t't sfo{kq / 5nkmnsf] lg:sif{df cfwfl/t


;xsfo{ cfjZos 5 . tflnd, cWoog e|d0f / ljlzi6s[t ;dfrf/ IF]qaf/] cfjZos ;Gbe{ ;fdu|L lgdf{0fdf ;+;bn] ;~rf/IF]qnfO{ ;3fpg ;S5 . OR5fzlQm ePdf p;n] ;"rgf Joj:yfkg, ;Dk|]if0f / hg;Dks{ h:tf ljifodf ;~rf/sdL{sf] lj1tfsf] k|of]u ug{ ;S5 .

;fdfGot s'g}klg kqsf/n] cfˆgf] ;~rf/u[xsf] k|fyldstfsf cfwf/df tf]lsPsf] la6 leq klg ljleGg pkla6 l;h{gf ub{5 . vf; ;Gbe{df l;h{gf x'g] o:tf] pklj6 ;fdfGotM cfjlws x'G5 . ;+;bdf vl6Psf] s'g} kqsf/n] ;a} ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ;j} lqmofsnfksf] l/kf]l6{ª u5{, ug{;S5 jf ul/g'k5{ eGg] xf]Og . To;}nfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ sltko ;ldltsf kbflwsf/Ln] xfd|f] ;ldltnfO{ rfxL kqsf/n] j:t} ub}{gg eGg] h:tf gsf/fTds l6Kk0fL u5{g . /fli6«o dxTj / ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/sf ljifodf eg] p;n] s;}u/L klg cGb]vf ub}{g, ug{ ;Sb}g . ;+;bLo ;ldltn] to ug]{ sfo{;"rL, 5nkmnsf nflu af]nfpg] dGqL jf cGo kbflwsf/Lsf] dxTj, ;fGb{ldstf / g]t[Tjsf] lg0f{o IFdtfn] o;df vf; cy{ /fV5 .

slkto ;f+;b rfxL oL kqsf/x? uug / /ljGb|x?sf -:jfYodGqL uug yfkf / ljsf; ;ldltsf ;efklt /ljGb| clwsf/L_ egfO{ / lqmofsnfk dfq} ;dfrf/ jgfp“5g\ eGg] k|ltlqmof hgfp“5g\ . ;a} ;f+;bnfO{ slxn] ljifo:t'n] t slxn] JolQmTjn] ;dfrf/nfO{ k|efj kb{5 eGg] a'emfpg ufXf] 5 . pbfxf/0fsf nflu :yflgo txsf] k'g{;+/rgfaf/] s'g} Ps ;fwf/0f ;f+;bn] /fVg] wf/0ff / k|d'v bnsf] k|ltlglw, ljkIfL bnsf] g]tf jf k|wfgdGqLn] To;} ljifodf u/]sf] l6Kk0fLsf] cy{ / kl/0ffddf cfsf; hldgsf] km/s x'G5 . oxL cy{ / c;/n] l/kf]l6{ªsf k|fyldstf / ;dffrfl/o d'No lgwf{l/t x'G5 . t/ o;sf] dtnj jQmf jf stf{sf] cf]xf]bfn] dfq} ;dfrf/ jG5÷jGb}g jf sqf] jG5 eGg] lgwf{/0f ub}{g .

blno cfwf/df k|fKt x'g] ljz]if ;dodf dfq xf]Og, j0ff{g'qmd cg';f/

;+;b / ;+;bLo ;ldltsf 5nkmndf p7\g] ljifosf

cfwf/df ;"rgfsf] …Sn'Ú ;dft]/ ul/g] vf]hk"0f{ l/kf]l6ªn] dfq

;+;bLo kqsfl/tfnfO{ ;bjxf/ agfpg ;S5 . o:tf] vf]hsf nflu ;+;bLo ;ldlt, ;f+;b / kqsf/ Ps–csf{sf kl/k'/s x'g ;S5g\ .


;f+;bn] JolQmut?kdf kfpg] Ps ldg]6sf] ;"Go ;odf p7fPsf ljifo ;d]t slxn]sfxL dxTjk"0f{ ;dfrf/ aGg ;S5g\ . cfh Pp6fn] h] ljifo p7fPsf sf/0f p ldl8ofdf cfof], ef]nL csf]{n] ToxL af]Nbf t ;dfrf/sf] ljifo jGb}g . ;fdfGo tM :yflgo ljifo eGbf /fli6«o ljifon] g} ldl8ofdf k|fylstf kfp“5g\ . t/ s'g} ;f+;bn] :yflgo ;d:of, ljlzi6 dxTj jf /fli6«o hLjgnfO{ tt\sfn jf eljZodf k|efj kfg]{ ljifosf ?kdf p7fg ug{ ;Sof] eg] Tof] cjZo ;dfrf/sf] ljifo jG5 . ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªdf /fli6«o :t/sf ;~rf/dfWodsf k|ltlglw g} xfjL x'g] ePsfn] klg ;–;fgf :yflgo d'2f cf]em]ndf k/]sf x'g ;S5g\ .

;f+;bn] p7fpg] ;–;fgf ljifonfO{ klg ;fdflhs ;~hfnb]lv :yflgo ;~rf/ dfWod;Dd k'of{pg] kxn cfkm}n] ug'{ k5{ . ;"rgf k|ljlwosf] olt ;xh kx'“r ePsf] ;dodf ;f+b;n] cfˆgf ultljlw / b[li6sf]0f cfˆgf] u[xIF]qdf k'of{pg /cfd;~rf/ dfWoddf dfq} e/ kg'{ kb}{g . t/ cfˆgf sfdaf/] cfkm}n] jf :jlso ;lrjfno dfkm{t ;+lIft ljj/0f tof/ kg]{, ;+;b jf ;ldltdf /fv]sf egfO{sf dxTjk"0f{ a'“bf / tYo–tYofÍsf] l6kf6 u/L ;~rf/sdL{nfO{ lgodlt Od]n ug{ ;lsG5 . Od]n k|fksn] tkfO{nfO{ x/]s lbg :yfg lbg'k5{ eGg] ck]Iff eg] ug'{ x'“b}g . p;n] dlxgfdf jf jif{df Ps k6s dfq} tkfO{sf ljifonfO{ :yfg lbof] eg] eg] klg wGojfb eGg glj{;g'xf];, tkfO{sf] hg;Dks{ jflSnb} hfG5 . ldl8ofn] vf]h]sf] j]nf pknAw x'g'eof] eg] kqsf/nfO{ dfq xf]Og, tkfO{nfO{ kmfObf k'U5 . kqsf/ / ;~rf/u[x t dfWod dfq} x'g, tkfO{n] lbPsf] ;"rgfsf k|fks t tkfO{s} dtbftf x'g . kqsf/n] kqsf/sf] gDa/ tkfO{sf] df]jfO{ndf ;]e 5 eg] 3G6L ah]s} ;dodf p7fpg g;Sbf klg snJofs ug{ ;Demg'xf]; . kqsf/sf] lk|o x'gsf nflu pgLx?nfO{ ;f“emsf] k|jGwdf ;3fpg' k5{ eGg] dfGotfn] cj sfd ub{g . tkfO{;+u kqsf/nfO{ sfd nfUg] v'/fs 5g\ eg] p;n} tkfO{nfO{ Sofkm]df 8fS5, jLn lt5{ . ;+;b, ;f+;b, ;+;bsf kbflwsf/L / ;lrjfnosf clwsf/L k|]; d}tL eP k'U5, ;"rgf k|jfxsf] ;+:s[ltn] ;+;bnfO{ kf/bzL{, ;f+;bnfO{ pQbfoL / ;/sf/nfO{ k|efjsf/L jgfp“5 . v'nf ;dfhdf dfq} nf]stGq, ;+;b / :jtGq k|]; ;'b[9 x'g ;S5g\ .

-sflGtk'/ b}lgsdf sfo{/t k'mofn ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf cWoIf x'g\ ._


;+;b\sf nflu …gof“ ;~rf/dfWodÚ

;"rgfk|ljlwsf] tLj| ljsf; / lj:tf/;“u} ;fdflhs ;~hfnx? nf]stflGqs cEof;sf cleGg kf6f] ag]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf jif{df o:tf dfWodx? ;d;fdlos /fhgLlts ax;b]lv r'gfjL cleofg / cGt/lqmof ug]{ ynf] alg/x]sf 5g\ . k|To]s dlxgf ljZje/sf emG8} kf}g] b'O{ ca{ dflg;n] ;lqmo ?kdf km];a'ssf] k|of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ . l6\j6/ k|of]u ug]{x?sf] ;ª\Vof klg s/f]8f}“df 5 . g]kfndf klg tL ;fdflhs ;~hfnx? nf]slk|o 5g\ . lxdfn, kxf8 / t/fO{sf] ljljwtfo'Qm / sl7g e"agf]6 eP klg g]kfndf OG6/g]6 k|of]ustf{x?sf] ;ª\Vof lbgk|ltlbg a9\bf] 5 . g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fsf] kl5Nnf] tYofª\sn] b]zsf] s'n hg;ª\Vofsf] %! k|ltzt;Dd OG6/g]6sf] kx'“r k'u]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . OG6/g]6sf] kx'“rdf /x]sf dWo] clwsf+zn] df]afOndfkm{t OG6/g]6 k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .

cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«ktLo r'gfj xf];\ of ef/tsf] cfdr'gfj, ;fdflhs ;~hfnn] /fhgLlts cleofgnfO{ Jofks / gjLg agfOlbPsf 5g\ . cd]l/sL cvaf/ …jfn l:6«6 hg{nÚsf cg';f/ l/klAnsg pDd]bjf/ 8f]gN8

km0fLGb| bfxfn

cd]l/sfsf] /fi6«ktLo r'gfj xf];\ of ef/tsf] cfdr'gfj, ;fdflhs ;~hfnn] /fhgLlts cleofgnfO{ Jofks / gjLg

agfOlbPsf 5g\ .


6«Dkn] cfkm}“n] af]n]h:tf] 7f8f] / ?vf] z}nL cg';f/sf cleJolQm l6\j6/df kf]:6 u/]/ ;dy{sx? tflg/x]sf 5g\ . k|ltåGåL 8]df]qm\ofl6s bnsL pDd]bjf/ lxnf/L lSnG6gn] w]/} j]a;fO6 / ljljw dfWodx?sf] k|of]u u/]/ cfˆgf] ;~hfn lj:tf/ ul//x]sL 5g\ . o;cl3 ;g\ @))* df ePsf] r'gfjdf af/fs cf]afdfn] o'jf dtbftf tfGg ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] Jofks k|of]u u/]sf lyP . clxn] km];a's, l6\j6/ dfq} xf]Og, o'6\o'a, OG:6fu|fd, k]l/:sf]k, :Gofk Rof6h:tf dfWod r'gfjL cleofg rnfpg Jofks k|of]u x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .

r'gfjsf nflu ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]usf ;Gbe{df ;g\ @)!% df Sofg8fsf k|wfgdGqL r'lgPsf hl:6g 6«'8f]n] Oltxf; g} /r]sf 5g\ . cGt/f{li6«o ;dfrf/ Ph]G;Lx?sf cg';f/ pgn] b]zsf emG8} $) k|ltzt dtbftf;Dd km];a's / OG:6fu|fdaf6 kx'“r agfPsf lyP . o;} jif{ c:6«]lnofdf ePsf] cfdr'gfjdf s;n] lhTg] eGg] lgwf{/0f ug{ ;fdflhs ;~hfn l6\j6/df ePsf ax;n] lgs} 7"nf] k|efj kf/]sf] lyof] . ;j{;fwf/0fdfem cfˆgf] nf]slk|otf hfRg]b]lv cfkm"n] u/]sf sfd hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] / cfgf ljrf/, b[li6sf]0f ;j{;fwf/0f;Dd k¥ofpg ;fdflhs ;~hfnn] ;xof]u ul//x]sf 5g\ .

ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL g/]Gb| df]bL ;fdflhs ;~hfndf lgs} 5fPsf g]tfx?df k5{g\ . b'O{ jif{df pgn] u/]sf emG8} b'O{ ;o km];a's kf]:6sf sf/0f $) s/f]8eGbf a9L ;+jfb ePsf lyP . cd]l/sL /fi6«klt cf]afdfkl5 pgL l6\j6/df ;a}eGbf a9L k5\ofOg] g]tfdf k5{g\ .

g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df r'gfjL / cGo /fhgLlts cleofgdf kl5Nnf s]xL jif{df ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] pNn]Vo k|of]u x'g yfn]sf] b]lvG5 . bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfjsf] ;dodf Jofks ?kdf k|of]u ePsf ;fdflhs ;~hfnx? cl3Nnf] jif{sf] ljgfzsf/L e"sDk / To;sf] s]xL dlxgfkl5 ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 blIf0fL ;Ldf If]qdf ePsf] gfsfaGbL;Dd cfOk'Ubf g]kfnsf] cfjfh ljZj;Dd k'¥ofpg] d'Vo dfWod aGg k'Uof] . clxn] t k|wfgdGqLb]lv ljlzi6 ;/sf/L clwsf/L, ;efd'v, sof}“ ;f+;b, k|To]sh;f] bn, pgLx?sf s]Gb|Lo / :yfgLo g]tfx? ;fdflhs ;~hfndf cfO/x]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ú;lxt sltko zLif{ Pjd\ o'jf g]tfx?sf cf–cfg} j]a;fO6 5g\ . o:tf JolQmut j]a;fO6 / km];a's,


l6\j6/h:tf ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] ;~rfngsf nflu g]tfx?n] cfˆgf] lghL ;lrjfnosf] dfq geO{ cfjZostf cg';f/ k|fljlws ;xof]uL 6f]nLn] /fVg] u/]sf 5g\ . ca g]tfx?nfO{ k'/fgf lbgdf h:tf] d}n] af]n]sf ljifoj:t' 6]lnlehg jf cvaf/sf ;dfrf/ ag]gg\ eg]/ u'gf;f] ug{'kg]{ ;do /x]g . ;fdflhs ;~hfn g} j}slNks t/ k|efjsf/L ;~rf/dfWod ePsf 5g\ . sltko ;Gbe{df t g]kfns} k|;ª\udf ;d]t k|wfgdGqLn] ;fdflhs ;~hfndf /fv]sf ;Gb]z clg Toxf p7]sf hNbfaNbf d'2fnfO{ d"nwf/sf ;~rf/dfWodn] ;dfrf/sf] ;|f]t agfO/x]sf 5g\ .

;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] dxÎj a9\b} hf“bf ;g\ @)!# df g} ;f+;bx?sf] ljZjJofkL ;~hfn …OG6/ kfln{ofd]G6/L o'lgog -cfO{kLo"_n] ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]u;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf tof/ kf¥of] . p;n] ;g\ @)!@ sf] Pp6f tYofª\snfO{ pb\w[t ub}{ To;a]nf;Dd ljZje/sf Ps ltxfO ;f+;bx? ;fdflhs ;~hfndf /x]sf] / csf]{ Ps ltxfO ;fdflhs ;~hfndf hf]l8g] of]hgfdf /x]sf] pNn]v u/]sf] lyof] . p;n] ;fdflhs ;~hfnx?nfO{ o'jf;“u hf]l8g] pko'Qm dfWodsf ?kdf ;d]t l6Kk0fL u/]sf] 5 . ;f+;bx?n] ;'rgf, lzIff, hg;Dks{ / cGt/lqmofsf nflu ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]u ug{'kg]{ ;'emfj lb“b} cfO{kLo"n] To;sf nflu cfrf/;+lxtf lgwf{/0f ug{'kg]{, ;+;b\sf] d"No–dfGotfsf] hu]gf{nfO{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ / cfˆgf] nlIft ;d'bfoaf/] rgfvf] x'g'kg]{ pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . cfrf/;+lxtfdf d"ntM ;+;b\, ;f+;b, ;+;b\sf clwsf/L jf s'g} bn ljz]ifnfO{ ckdflgt ug]{ ;Gb]z /fVg gx'g] pNn]v 5 . ;fy}, ;+;b\df ljrf/fwLg ljifoj:t'af/] ;+;b\sf sd{rf/Ln] kIf ljkIfdf ts{ u/]/ ;Gb]z lbg gx'g] k|fjwfg 5 .

ljZjsf sltko b]zdf t ;f+;bx?n] ;+;b\sf] RofDa/leq jf ;+;bLo ;ldltx?df df]afOn kmf]g, 6\ofAn]6, Nofk6kx? k|of]u;DaGwL lgodx? g} agfPsf 5g\ . g]kfndf To;;DaGwL cjwf/0ffsf] ljsf; ePsf] 5}g . t/ klg sltko cj:yfdf ;f+;bx?n] RofDa/leq jf ;+;bLo ;ldltleq}af6 ;d]t ;fdflhs ;~hfndf ;Gb]zx? ;Dk|]lift u/]sf] kfOG5 . km];a'sn] k|ToIf lel8of] ;Gb]z /fVg ldNg] ;]jf pknAw u/fPkl5 sltko a]nf ;~rf/sdL{n] ;d]t ;+;bLo ;ldltaf6 cfgf JolQmut km];a's k]hdf g} Toxfsf ultljlwsf] k|ToIf k|;f/0f ul//x]sf x'G5g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do ;efd'vnufot ;+;b\sf s]xL kbflwsf/Ln] cfˆgf] ;lrjfnodfkm{t ;+;b\sf ultljlwaf/]


lgoldt ?kdf ;Gb]zx? /fVg yfn]sf 5g\ . ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] o:tf] k|of]unfO{ yk lj:tf/ / Jojl:yt ug{' h?/L 5 . ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf cGt/lqmof k|efjsf/L agfpg ;Dk|]lift ljrf/n] dxÎjk"0f{ cy{ /fV5 . ToxL eP/ cd]l/sL /fi6«klt cf]afdf, ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL df]bLnufotsf g]tfx?n] cfkm}n] n]v]sf] ;Gb]z xf] eGg] hgfpg sltko cj:yfdf kf]:6sf] cGTodf cfˆgf] x:tfIf/ /fVg] u/]sf 5g\ . o;afx]s ljleGg ;+;bLo ;ldltsf b}lgs sfd sf/afxL / Toxf k|:t't x'g] sof} ;/sf/L b:tfj]h;Dd ;Lw} ;j{;fwf/0fsf] kx'r x'g] u/L ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]u ug{ ;lsG5 .

OG6/g]6 hl8t cfw'lgs ;"rgf k4ltsf] ljsf; / lj:tf/n] ;+;bLo ;dfrf/sf k|fylds ljifoj:t'nfO{ tTsfn} / k|ToIf ?kdf hgtfdf k'¥ofpg ;Dej ePsf] 5 . cfdgful/snfO{ cfgf hgk|ltlglw;u hf]l8g] cj;/ pknAw u/fpg klg ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] k|of]unfO{ yk k|j4{g ul/g'k5{ . ;fdflhs ;~hfn cfkm}df b'O{tkmL{ / cGt/lqmofd'vL ;~rf/dfWod x'g\ . t/, sltko cj:yfdf ;fdflhs ;~hfn ;fj{hlgs kbflwsf/Ldfly rflxg]eGbf a9L cfnf]rgf / ufnL ug]{ ynf] alg/x]sf 5g\ . sof} cj:yfdf ;fdflhs ;~hfnx? ;"rgfeGbf klg pQ]hgfsf] dfWod alg/x]sf 5g\ . t/, ablnbf] kl/j]z cg'?k ;+;b\n] ;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] pko'Qm k|of]u;DaGwL gLlt tof/ kf/L To;af/] ;f;bx?nfO{ k|lzIf0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfpg' cfjZos 5 . sltko b]zdf t k|wfgdGqL sfof{no, ;+;b\nufot b]zsf k|d'v ;+:yfx?df ;fdflhs ;~hfn rnfpg] ljlzi6 hgzlQm g} lqmofzLn x'G5g\ . g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df klg ca ToxL af6f]tkm{ pGd'v x'g] ;do eO;s]sf] 5 . ;+;b\ / ;f+;bx?n] of]hgf g} tof/ kf/]/ ;fdflhs ;~hfndfkm{t hgtf;usf] cGt/lqmof lj:tf/ ug'{k5{ . ;"rgfk|ljlwdf cEo:t /x]sf ;f+;bx?n] cfgf ;xsdL{nfO{ ;fdflhs ;~hfndf cfpg k|]l/t / k|f]T;flxt ug{ ;S5g\ . ;f+;bx?n] cfgf ;xsdL{ ;f+;bsf l6\j6 / kf]:6x? k|j4{wg ug]{ sfdn] ;d]t ;fdflhs cGt/lqmof, kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtf k|j4{g ug{ d2t u5{ .

-kqsf/ bfxfn …aLaL;LÚ g]kfnL ;]jf ;Da4 5g\ ._


hgk|ltlglwsf] …jfr8uÚ

;+;b\nfO{ d"n sfo{If]q agfP/ kqsfl/tf ug]{ ldqx? dfgfy{ ;f+;b x'g\ eg]/ xfdLn] lgs} nfdf] ;dob]lv eGb} cfPsf 5f}“ . To;nfO{ Jojxf/df sfof{Gjog ub}{ clxn] klg ;f+;b, ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/L / ;+;bLo dfldnfsf kqsf/x?n] Pp6} kl/jf/sf ;b:o eP/ cf–cfˆgf] st{Jo k"/f ul//x]sf 5f} . b]zsf nflu ;f+;bx?n] h;/L sfg'g lgdf{0f ug{ ldlxg]t ug'{ePsf] 5, To;/L g} tL ljifonfO{ k|ToIf ?kdf hgtfsf] dfemdf k'¥ofpg kqsf/ ldqx?n] of]ubfg ul//xg'ePsf] 5 .

;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf ;Gbe{df hgtfsf aLr ;+ljwfgsf cGt/j:t'df ax; u/fpg] xf];\ jf sfof{Gjogsf ;Gbe{df, ;~rf/ hut\n] b]zs} nflu 7"nf] of]ubfg k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;+;b\df p7]sf hg;/f]sf/sf ljifonfO{ cfdhgtfdf k'¥ofpg / pgLx?sf] Wofg gk'u]sf] ljifodf va/bf/L ug{ ;~rf/ If]qsf] cxd\ e"ldsf 5 . kqsfl/tf hut\af6 eO/x]sf] o:tf] sfo{sf] d k|z+;f ug{ rfxG5' / ef]lnsf lbgdf klg l;h{gfTds e"ldsfsf] ck]Iff u5{' .

cf]g;/L 3tL{

xfdLn] klg ca ;+;b\sf ultljlwx? hgtfn] k|ToIf yfxf kfpg ;s"g\ eg]/ ljleGg dfWodaf6 k|ToIf k|;f/0f ug]{

tof/L ul//x]sf 5f}“ .


s]xL ;docl3 xfdLn] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] hggL dflgg] a]nfotsf] cWoog e|d0f u/]sf lyof}“ . Toxf“ ;donfO{ lgs} l;h{gfTds tl/sfn] Jojl:yt u/]sf] kfof}“ . ;do Joj:yfkgsf] a]nfotL tl/sfn] dnfO{ lgs} 5f]Psf] 5 . sltkon] b]z ljsf;sf nflu k};f g} ;a}yf]s xf] h:tf] u5{g\ . t/,

a]nfot e|d0fkl5 dnfO{ nfUof], Tof] unt /x]5 . ;donfO{ a'em\g / ;xL tl/sfn] Joj:yfkg ug{ ;s] b]z ljsf; ;Dej x'“bf] /x]5 .

xfdLn] a]nfot e|d0fsf qmddf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf nflu kqsf/x?nfO{ lbOPsf] ;'ljwfaf/] lj:t[t cWoog t ug{ kfPgf}“ . t/, ;"rgf lng ;xh Joj:yf ul/Psf] d}n] dx;'; u/]“ . Toxf“ ;+;b\sf ultljlwnfO{ o'6\o'aaf6 k|ToIf k|;f/0f ul/g] /x]5 . s'g} Pp6f 36gf dfq xf]Og, ;+;b\sf x/]s ultljlwsf] hfgsf/L hgtfnfO{ tTsfn} lbg] Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] /x]5 . To;kl5 d}n] klg dx;'; u/]“ ls ;+;b\sf x/]s ultljlw ;s];Dd k|ToIf ?kdf hgtf;Dd k'¥ofpg'k5{ . xfdLn] klg ca ;+;b\sf ultljlwx? hgtfn] k|ToIf yfxf kfpg ;s"g\ eg]/ ljleGg dfWodaf6 k|ToIf k|;f/0f ug]{ tof/L ul//x]sf 5f}“ .

xfdLsxf“ a]nfotsf] h:tf] ;a} Joj:yf tTsfn} ldnfpg ;lsG5 eGg] xf]Og . xfdL;“u cfˆgf] ejg;Dd 5}g . a]nfotdf ;+;b\ ejg g} ;ª\u|xfnoh:tf] /x]5 . a}7s rln/x]sf a]nf klg ;f+;bx? cfOKof8 rnfO/fVg'ePsf] lyof] . kqsf/x?n] leq} a;]/ l6kf]6 ug]{ / kmf]6f] lvRg] u/]sf] b]lvGYof] . xfdLsxf“ ;'/Iff Joj:yfsf sf/0f klg o:tf] Joj:yf ug{df s]xL ;d:of 5g\ . t/, ;+;b\df kqsf/sf] ;xh kx'“r ePdf dfq} hgtfn] cfgf k|ltlglw;Ddsf] kx'r k|fKt ug{ ;S5g\ eGg]df xfdL k|:6 5f} .

;+;b\sf] lgodfjnLn] Joj:yf u/] cg';f/ k|wfgdGqL, dGqL / ;f+;bx?aLr k|ToIf k|Zgf]Q/ ;q ;~rfngsf] u[xsfo{ eO/x]sf] 5 . o:tf] ;qsf] 6]lnlehgaf6 k|ToIf k|;f/0fsf] Joj:yf ul/“b} 5 . ;s];Dd

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf ;fyLx?n] xfdLnfO{ nla l/kf]l6{ªsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg cfu|x ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 . o; ljifodf klg sf]xL gsf/fTds x'g'k5{ h:tf] nfUb}g .


l56f] sfof{Gjogsf nflu xfdL o;;DaGwL sfo{ljlw tof/ ul//x]sf 5f}“ . clxn] lj1 / ;/f]sf/jfnf;“u lnlvt / df}lvs ;/;Nnfx lnO/x]sf 5f}“ . lgs6 eljiodf ;'? x'g] k|wfgdGqL;“usf] k|Zgf]Q/sf] …g]kfn 6]lnlehgÚaf6 k|ToIf k|;f/0f ul/g]5 . o;nfO{ ;+;b\sf] j]a;fO6 / o'6\o'aaf6 klg hgtfsf] kx'“rdf k'¥ofpg] xfd|f] ;f]r 5 . klxnf klg ;+;b\ ultljlw eg]/ …/]l8of] g]kfnÚ / …g]kfn 6]lnlehgÚdf sfo{qmd g} k|;f/0f x'GYof] . eljiodf klg To; vfnsf ;dLIffTds sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu k|f]T;flxt ul/g]5 .

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf ;fyLx?n] xfdLnfO{ nla l/kf]l6{ªsf] Joj:yf ul/lbg cfu|x ub}{ cfpg'ePsf] 5 . o; ljifodf klg sf]xL gsf/fTds x'g'k5{ h:tf] nfUb}g . o;n] ;+;b\sf ultljlw emg\ ulx/f] 9ª\un] hgtf;Dd k'¥ofpg d2t g} u5{ . ;Dej eP;Dd xfdL lglZrt kqsf/nfO{ nla k|j]zsf] Joj:yf ug]{ 5f}“ . t/, xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5, of] ;efsIf g} ;+;b\s} nflu ag]sf] xf]Og . ;+;b\sf] cfg} ejg gx'bf xfdLn] ;f]r]h:tf] ;'ljwf / Joj:yf ug{ eg] cK7\of/f] 5 . xfdLn] s'g} ljz]if Joj:yf ug{ g;Sbf klg ;+;bLo ljifoj:t'af/] kqsf/x?n] :jtM:km"t{ ?kdf hgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt ul//xg'ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/, ;bg / ;efd'vnfO{ st{Joaf]w u/fpg / ;/sf/sf ;a} lgsfonfO{ hjfkmb]xL / pQ/bfoL agfpg ;~rf/If]qn] dxÎjk"0f{ of]ubfg ul//x]sf] 5 .

clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ d}n] hgtfsf k|ToIf k|ltlglwdfkm{t ul/g] zf;gsf ?kdf a'em]sL 5' . xfdLn] ;ª\3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f uof}{+ . t/, o;sf] sfof{Gjog t ca ug'{kg]{ 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] Jofjxfl/s sfof{Gjog ;'? klg eO;s]sf] 5 . hgk|ltlglwsf] ynf] ;+;b\nfO{ hgtfsf] kx'“rdf k'¥ofpg ;lsG5 eGg]df xfdLn] Wofg lbg'k5{ .

kbdf a;]sf] JolQmaf6 klg uNtL x'g ;S5 . uNtL g} gug]{ t lghL{j rLhn] xf], ;hLjn] uNtL ug{ ;S5 . dnfO{ ;xL nfu]sf] ljifo c?nfO{ unt nfUg klg ;S5 . d}n] h;/L ljifonfO{ b]v]sL

;+ljwfgsf] Jofjxfl/s sfof{Gjog ;'? klg eO;s]sf] 5 .

hgk|ltlglwsf] ynf] ;+;b\nfO{ hgtfsf] kx'“rdf k'¥ofpg ;lsG5

eGg]df xfdLn] Wofg lbg'k5{ .


5', ;a}n] To;/L gx]/]sf klg x'g ;S5g\ . Pp6} dfG5]df t b'O{y/L ljrf/ pTkGg eP/ åGå x'G5, bf]wf/df k5{ . dfG5]–dfG5]aLr t km/s ljrf/ b[li6sf]0f eOxfN5 . t/, xfdLn] ul//x]sf sfdn] ;du| /fi6«sf] lxt u/]sf] 5÷5}g, Tof] dxÎjk"0f{ ljifo xf] .

;+;b\df gof“ ;/sf/ lgdf{0fsf ;Gbe{df /fhgLlts bnx? kIf / ljkIfdf ljeQm lyP . Tolta]nf d]/f] sfdnfO{ lnP/ ;~rf/dfWodn] s]xL k|Zg p7fP . xfdLn] ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf vfhf / s'kgdfkm{t vfgf v'jfpg] kl/kf6L cGTo u/]sf 5f}“ . vr{ s6f}tLsf] lg0f{o u/]kl5 ;lrjfnonfO{ cTofjZos s]xL sd{rf/L lgo'lQm u/]sf lyof}“ . oL ;du| ljifodf cfPsf ;dfrf/nfO{ d}n] ;sf/fTds ?kdf lnPsf] 5' . d}n] /fd|f] sfd ub}{ uP“ eg] cfh gsf/fTds l6Kk0fL ug]{ ;fyLx?n] g} ef]ln ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z lbg'x'g]5 eGg]df d ljZj:t 5' .

/fhgLltsdL{df cfnf]rgf vKg] afgL a:g] /x]5 . dnfO{ klg Tof] afgL a;]sf] 5 . t/, gsf/fTds ;dfrf/ cfp“bf s]xL klg dflg“b}g eGg]rflx“ xf]Og . To;n] cjZo kL8f x'G5 . cfnf]rgf krfpg dfgl;s ?kdf tof/rflx“ x'g'k5{ . ;efd'v ePkl5 d}n] hlt klg sfd u/]“, cfjZos ;ts{tf gx'“bf uNtL klg eP xf]nfg\ . t/, b]z / hgtfsf] lxtdf uDeL/ cf“r k'¥ofpg] s'g} uNtL u/]sf] 5}g / ug]{ klg 5}g .

ef]lnsf lbgdf ;Ifd g]t[Tj ljsf;sf nflu ;~rf/dfWodsf] e"ldsf 5 eGg] d}n] a'em]sL 5' . k|To]s 36gfqmdaf6 ;sf/fTds÷gsf/fTds lzIff lng ;Sg'k5{ / d}n] lnO/fv]sL klg 5' . ldl8ofs} sf/0f xfd|f k|Tos ultljlw aflx/ uPsf 5g\ . ldl8of gePsf] eP hg;d'bfo;“u o:tf] k|ToIf ;Dks{ x'“b}gYof] xf]nf .

;du|df xfd|f] kqsfl/tf If]qn] ;sf/fTds lbzf ;dft]sf] 5 . ljz]if u/]/ xfdLn] ug]{ 5nkmn / ljlw lgdf{0fsf] sfdnfO{ hgtfdf k'¥ofpg kqsfl/tf hut\n] dxÎjk"0f{ / ;sf/fTds e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 . lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglw :jod\nfO{ klg hgtfdf cfˆgf] ;Gb]z k'¥ofpg ;~rf/ hut\

/fhgLltsdL{df cfnf]rgf vKg] afgL a:g] /x]5 . dnfO{ klg Tof] afgL a;]sf] 5 . t/, gsf/fTds ;dfrf/ cfp“bf s]xL klg dflg“b}g eGg]rflx“ xf]Og .


g} rflxPsf] 5 . ;j{;fwf/0fsf] cfjfh ;bgdf cem k|efjsf/L 9ª\un] k'¥ofpgdf klg ;~rf/dfWodsf] e"ldsf x'g'k5{ .

/fHosf lglDt k|ToIf c;/ kfg]{ dxÎjk"0f{ ljifodf ulx/f] cWoog / cg';Gwfg u/]/ dfq} ;dfrf/ ;fj{hlgs ul/lbP x'GYof] eGg] nfU5 . ljw]osdflysf] 5nkmnsf a]nf Tof] ljw]os lgdf{0f ug'{kgf{sf sf/0f, ;+zf]wgn] kfg]{ k|efj / ljwfogL dg;foh:tf ljifonfO{ cem k|efjsf/L ?kdf k|:t't ug'{ cfjZos 5 . ljw]ossf] ;a} kIfsf] t'ngfTds cWoog u/]/ ;dfrf/ cfp“bf hgtfdf e|d l;h{gf x'g kfp“b}g . hgtfn] gof“ sfg'g / cfgf k|ltlglwn] u/]sf sfdnfO{ /fd|/L a'em\g] / cfˆgf] wf/0ff agfpg] df}sf kfp5g\ .

lgs6 ljutdf ;+;b\df ulx/f] cWoog–cg';Gwfg / kof{Kt 5nkmn x'g g;Sbf s]xL sdhf]/L;lxt ljw]os kfl/t ePsf u'gf;fx? cfP . s]xL ljw]osdf ;~rf/ If]qn] a]n}df va/bf/L ubf{ ;+;b\sf] k|lqmofdf /x]s} a]nf ;RofOPsf pbfxf/0f klg 5g\ .

;+;b\df ljw]os k|:t't ubf{ JofVofTds l6Kk0fLx?;d]t ug'{kg]{ xf] . To;sf] s]xL ;'?cft t ePsf] 5 t/ kof{Kt 5}g . ljw]os Nofpg'kgf{sf] sf/0fh:tf ljifo v'nfP/ JofVofTds l6Kk0fL ul/of] eGg] a'em\g / a'emfpg ;lhnf] x'G5 . ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf nflu ca w]/} ljw]osx? cfp“b} 5g\ . To;df hgtfn] w]/} ax; ug{ kfpg'k5{ . To;}n] 5nkmnsf nflu dfxf}n agfpg h?/L 5 . ;~rf/ If]qsf] yk dxÎjk"0f{ e"ldsf oxL“g]/ ck]lIft 5 .

kqsf/x?n] slxn]sfxL“ ;dfrf/ k:sg xtf/ ug'{x'“b}g . u[xsfo{ x“'b} u/]sf ljifonfO{ lgisif{ g} ToxL xf] eGg] h;/L ;dfrf/ lb“bf hgtfdf gsf/fTds ;Gb]z k|jflxt x'G5 . kqsf/ :jod\ b]zsf] lhDd]jf/ gful/s ePsfn] sltko ;+j]bgzLn ljifodf yk ;ts{ eOlbg' /fd|f] x'G5 . t'ngfTds ?kdf cGo la6 x]g]{ ;~rf/sdL{ eGbf ;+;bLo dfldnfsf kqsf/x?

ljw]ossf] ;a} kIfsf] t'ngfTds cWoog u/]/ ;dfrf/ cfp“bf

hgtfdf e|d l;h{gf x'g kfp“b}g . hgtfn] gof“ sfg'g / cfgf k|ltlglwn] u/]sf sfdnfO{

/fd|/L a'em\g] / cfˆgf] wf/0ff agfpg] df}sf kfp5g\ .


a9L lhDd]jf/ / kl/kSj x'g'k5{ . hgk|ltlglw;“u hf]l8P/ sfd ubf{ tkfO{+x?n] b]z / hgtfk|lt cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L klg sd 5}g eGg]df x]Ssf /fVg'k5{ .

-;efd'v 3tL{;“u kqsf/ dgf]h ;Tofnn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t_


Ps o'usf] Ps lbg

;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ P]ltxfl;s sfo{ef/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] ;'?cfltb]lv cGTo;Ddsf] k|lqmofdf ;~rf/ dfWod / kqsf/x?n] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf 5g\ . lg/+s'ztflj?4sf] cfGbf]ngdf kqsf/ / ;~rf/ dfWodn] ;fx|} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ . kqsf/x? :jo+ ljleGg 9+un] cfGbf]ngsdL{sf ?kdf ;d]t lqmoflzn lyP . cfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntfkZrft k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efaf6 cfGbf]ngsf pknAwLx?nfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ xfdLn] gofF ;'?cft u¥of}+ . Tof] k|lqmofn] Joj:yflksf–;+;b, klxnf] ;+ljwfg;ef x'Fb} kl5Nnf] ;+ljwfg;efdf cfP/ lg:sif{ k|fKt u¥of] . tL ;a} k|lqmofx?df ;'?b]lv clxn];Dd ;~rf/ dfWodn] / ;+;bLo la6df snd rnfpg] kqsf/x?n] ;+:yfut jf JolQmut ?kdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ .

k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efn] of] k|lqmofnfO{ cufl8 a9fpFbf @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfg lyof] . /fh;+:yf k"/} vf/]h ePsf] cj:yf lyPg . bnx?n] /fhf

;'jf;rGb| g]Djfª

cGtl/d ;+ljwfg cg';f/ k'g{:yflkt k|ltlglw;efsf ;b:o, cfGbf]ng/t ;ft bnaf6 / dfcf]jfbLsf *# k|ltlglw ;d]t ;+nUg cGtl/d u/]kl5 Joj:yflksf–

;+;b u7g eof] .


/ /fh;+:yf gdfGg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . ;+;bsf] gofF lgodfjnL lyPg . …hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfÚ cg';f/ ;+;bn] sfd yfNof] . Tolta]nf lg/+s'ztfsf ;a} kv]6f l5df]Ng] ;Gbe{df k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] lyof] . oxL qmddf ;+;baf6 /fhfsf] k|tLs lrGx x6fpg], ;+;bsf] a}7sdf /fhfn] a;]/ ;Daf]wg ug]{ /fhl;+xf;g x6fpg], a}7s ;~rfng ubf{ ;'?cft cufl8 ;+;bdf k|j]z u/fpg] ul/Psf] /fhb08nfO{ x6fpg]h:tf w]/} sfd eP .

k'g:yf{lkt ;+;bn] hgcfGbf]ngsf] efjgfadf]lhd w]/} sfdx? u/]sf] 5 . Tolta]nf xfd|f cufl8 w]/} hl6ntf / r'gf}tLx? lyP . To;sf] ;fdgf sfg"gL 8s'd]G6sf cfwf/df dfq} ul/Psf] lyPg . k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efaf6 @)^# h]7 $ df Pp6f 3f]if0ff u¥of}+ . To; b:tfj]hnfO{ j]nfotsf] dxfg clwsf/kq …DofUgfsf6f{Ú;Fu t'ngf ug]{ / dxTj :yflkt ug]{ sfd k|];n]g} u/]sf] xf] . dnfO{ k|;+u ;Demgf cfpF5, h]7 $ sf] k|ltlglw;ef 3f]if0ff x'g] lbgsf] ;+3f/df ;fx}|} Jofks rrf{ rn]sf÷rnfOPsf lyP . b]zdf /utsf] vf]nf aU5, of] x'g} ;Sb}g eGg] xNnf lyof] . ;z:q ;]gfn] l;+xb/af/ 3]/f xfNg]h:tf cfz+sf lyP . To; 3f]if0ffsf nflu ;a} tof/L k"/f eO;s]kl5 k6sk6s ;+;b a}7s ;fl/Psf] lyof] . cGttM h]7 $ sf] P]ltxfl;s 3f]if0ff zflGtk"0f{?kdf ;kmntfk"j{s ?kdf ;DkGg eof] . cfGbf]ngsf/L zlQmx?sf tkm{af6 3f]if0ffsf] d:of}bf ul/of] / Tof] d:of}bfnfO{ tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] dlGqkl/ifbdf n}hfg'eof] . dlGqkl/ifbn] kfl/t u/]sf] 3f]if0ffsf] k|:tfj÷b:tfj]h af]s]/ pxfF l;+xb/jf/ l:ylt k|ltlglw;efsf] Unf/L a}7s sIfdf cfpg'eof] . k|wfgdGqLn] g} Tof] 3f]if0ffnfO{ a}7sdf k]; ug]{ sfo{;"rL lyof] . :jf:Yosf] sf/0f b]vfP/ pxfFn] Tof] 3f]if0ff ;efd'vsf] x}l;otdf dnfO{ k9\g lbg'eof] . d}n] To;nfO{ afrg u/] . a}7sn] ;j{;Ddt kfl/t uof]{ . ;+;bdfkm{t Tof] ;f]em} hgtfdf k'u]sf] Tof] 3f]if0ff /fhkqdf k|sflzt ul/of] .

k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efn] clxn];Ddsf cfGbf]ngsf pknAwLnfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{ lbzfdf dxTjk"0f{ cfwf/ k|:t't u¥of] . Tolta]nf ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t ;+ljwfg agfpg] jf c? af6f]af6 eGg]df hgdt ljeflht lyof] . t/, k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efn] ca xfdL ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t ;+ljwfg agfpF5f}+ / b]znfO{ ;d[l4sf] cfwf/ tof/ ub}{ cufl8 a9fpF5f}+ eGg] ;+sNk k|:tfj


kfl/t uof]{ . o;n] l;+uf] b]ze/ ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t ;+ljwfg agfpg] dfxf]n tof/ eof] .

ljb|f]xL dfcf]jfbL ;+;bdf;z:q ljb|f]xLaf6 cfPsf] tTsflng dfcf]jfbL ;d]tsf] ;xdltdf

k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlg;efn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] 3f]if0ff uof]{ . cGtl/d ;+ljwfg cg';f/ k'g{:yflkt k|ltlglw;efsf ;b:o, cfGbf]ng/t ;ft bnaf6 / dfcf]jfbLsf *# k|ltlglw ;d]t ;+nUg cGtl/d u/]kl5 Joj:yflksf–;+;b u7g eof] . Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf] klxnf] a}7sn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg cg'df]bg uof]{ .

k'g:yf{lkt k|ltlglw;efn] ;'? u/]sf ;a} k|lqmofnfO{ Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] lg/Gt/tf lbof] . Joj:yflksf–;+;bn] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u¥of] . oL ;a} sfdsf/afxLdf pko'Qm hgdt l;h{gf ug{sf nflu l;+uf] b]znfO{ hgcfGbf]ngsf] dd{ / efjgfcg';f/ k|lta4 /x]/ cufl8 a9\gsf nflu, b]znfO{ Psh'6 agfpgsf nflu ;~rf/ dfWodsf] ;w}+ g} ;sf/fTds of]ubfg /x]sf] la;{g' x'Fb}g . hgcfGbf]ngb]lv g} ;~rf/ dfWodn] oxL 9+usf ;xdltsf efjgfsf ;fy cufl8 a9]sf] /fhgLlts g]t[TjnfO{ ;fy lbPsf] 5 . k|ltlg;efsf] k'g:yf{kgfkZrft ;+;bdf /x]/ ;+;bsf k|lqmofnfO{ glhsaf6 lgsfln/x]sf kqsf/x?nfO{ ;+:yfut ?kdf Ps 7fpFdf plegsf nflu ;+;bn] tbg'?ksf] ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;+;bsf] l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/x?n] hgtf / ;+;b÷;+ljwfg;efsf] aLrdf ;]t'sf ?kdf lg/Gt/ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ . To;}sf/0f d}n] ;fj{hlgs ?kd} kqsf/x?nfO{ …;+;bsf] kb]g ;b:oÚ eGg] u/]sf] 5' .

lzlj/d} xltof/ /fv]/ ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug'{ Tolt ;lhnf] lyPg . zflGt k|lqmof ev{/}

dfq ;'? ePsf] lyof] . zflGt k|lqmofsf] Pp6f kIf dfcf]jfbLsf n8fs'x? xltof/;lxt …SofG6f]gd]G6Údf lyP . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug{ t'ngfTds ?kdf c? r'gfjh:tf] ;lhnf] s'/f xf]Og . w]/} cK7\of/f / r'gf}tLx? xfd|f ;fd'Gg]df lyP . t/, ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgsf] ckl/xfo{tf, cfjZostf / dxTjnfO{ b]vfP/ hgtfnfO{ o;sf kIfdf pEofpg xfdLn] u/]sf] k|of;af/] hgtfnfO{ lg/Gt/ lzlIft t'Nofpg, hgtfnfO{ Psh'6 agfpg l;+uf]


b]znfO{ pTk|]l/t ug{ Tolta]nf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/ / ;~rf/ dfWodn] ;sf/fTds ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ . r'gfj gx'Fbf;Dd hgtfdf jf /fhgLlts j[Qdf ;d]t r'gfj x'G5 ls x'Fb}g eGg] låljwf lyof] . cGttM @)^$ r}t @* ut] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg eP/} 5f8\of] .

;dfj];L ;+ljwfg;ef;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg ;DkGg eO;s]kl5 xfdLn] ;+ljwfg;efsf sfdnfO{

cufl8 a9fpgsf lglDt cfjZos lgodx? agfof}+ . tL lgodn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof :yflkt ug]{ sfd u¥of] . g]kfndf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf c? cg'ej lyP . t/, hgtfsf lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwdfkm{t hgtfn] hgtfsf nflu ;+ljwfg agfpg] agfPsf] cg'ej xfdL;Fu lyPg . xfdLn] ljZjsf sof}+ d'n'ssf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf cg'ejx? x]¥of}+ . a9LeGbf a9L hgtfsf] ;xeflutfdf ;+ljwfg agfpg] ljlw eg]s} ;+ljwfg;ef xf] . xfdLn] ljZjs} cg'ej dWo]sf] pTs[i6 hg;xeflutfd'ns ljlwåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ k|lqmof cjnDag u¥of}+ . pko'Qm lgodfjnL lgdf{0f u/]/ …tnaf6 dfly nfg]Ú cjwf/0ffnfO{ cfwf/ agfP/ xfdLn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf] ;'?cft u¥of}+ . ;+ljwfg n]vgsf] ;'?cftL r/0f ;fFlRrs} r'gf}tLk"0f{ lyof] . lgodfjnL lgdf{0f ubf{sf hl6ntf clxn] klg dnfO{ /fd|f];Fu ;Demgf 5 . ;+ljwfg;efdf g]kfnsf ePe/sf] /fhgLlts k|j[lQsf] k|ltlglwTj lyof] . k~rfotL Joj:yf;Fu hf]l8Psf dflg;x?sf] /fhgLlts bnsf ?kdf pkl:ylt lyof] . To;sf] lj/f]wdf j}slNks Joj:yfsf nflu lg/Gt/ ;+3if{ u/]/ cfPsf /fhgLlts bnx? klg ToxL+ lyP . nfdf] ;do ;z:q åGådf cu|;/ /x]sf] /fhgLlts bnsf] klg ;+ljwfg;efdf pkl:ylt lyof] . dw];L, blnt, hghfltsf clwsf/sf nflu eg]/ ;+3if{ u/]sf /fhgLlts bn klg lyP . ;dfj]zL / ;xeflutfd'ns 9+uaf6 ;+ljwfg agfpgsf nflu xfdLn] Pp6f pko'Qm k|lqmof :yflkt ug'{ lyof] . To;df xfdLn] ;a} k|j[lQsf] ;dy{g k|Kt u¥of}+ . of] hl6ntf lrg{ / k|lqmof :yflkt ug{ klg ;bf;j{bf kqsf/ / ;~rf/ dfWodn] xfdLnfO{ ;3fPsf] ;Demgf dnfO{ 5 .

;sf/fTds lj/f]waf6 l;s]sf] kf7 xfdLn] ;+ljwfg n]vgsf] cjw/0ff tof/ ug'{cl3 ;f]em} hgtfdf

hfg] k|lqmof ckgfPsf lyof}+ . ;'?df hgtfsf ;'emfj ;+sngsf nflu k|ZgfjnLsf] kf]sf] af]s]/ hgtf uof} . :jfefljs ?kdf xfd|f k|ZgfjnLx?


hl6n / ef/L lyP . xfd|f] cfnf]rgf klg eP . ;ef;bx? …hfFtf] af]s]/ ufpF uPÚ eGg] l6Kk0fLx? klg eP . tL k|Zg …;f+;bn] g} a'em\b}gg\, hgtfn] s] a'em\nfg <, o;af6 s:tf] vfnsf ;'emfj cfpnf / ;+ljwfgdf ;d]l6Pnf < eGg] vfnsf k|Zg ul/P . Tolta]nf 7fpF7fpFdf ljleGg vfnsf cfGbf]ngx? klg rln/x]s} lyP . d]/f] cfˆg} k"jf{~rn -d]rL–sf];Lsf_ If]qdf xfd|f] cg'dlt glnO{ ;ef;bx? s;/L cfP < lsg cfP < v} k|j]zf1f eGg];Ddsf k|zgsf] ;d]t ;fdfgf u¥of}+ . ;a} r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ub}{ xfd|f ;ef;bx? ufpFufpF k'u] . s'g}s'g} 7fpFdf To:t} ;d:ofsf sf/0f ;'emfj ;+sngsf] sfd s]xL ;do /f]Sg' klg k¥of] . oL ;a} ;Gbe{df k|Zgx? :jfefljs ?kdf p7\g] g} eP . hgtfsf] ;'emfj lng] k|lqmof 6'+UofP/ ha ;ef;bx? ufpFaf6 kmls{P, To;kl5 xfdLn] ;'emfjx? ;+;b ;lrjfnodf hDdf u/]sf lyof}+ . …olt w]/} ;'emfj of] ;+ljwfg;efn] s] u5{ < ;ef;bx?n] oL ;'emfjx? t x]b}{ x]b}{gg\, k9\b} k9\b}gg\ . ;'emfjx?nfO{ olQs} yGSofpF5g\ / s]xL ;do k5fl8 xfd|f ;'emfj n]lvPsf sfuh lh/f÷dl/r -d;nf_ kf]sf] kf/]sf] cj:yfdf km]nf k5{g\Ú eg]/;Dd xNnf rnfOof] . o:tf xNnfx?sf] rrf{ u/]/ ;fWo} 5}g . af:tjd} xfdLn] Tolta]nf oyfy{d} hl6ntfsf] ;fdgf ul/x/]sf lyof}+ . Toqf k|ZgfjnLdf cfwfl/t nfvf}+ ;'emfjx? hgtfaf6 ;f]em} cfPsf, ;+:yfut / JolQmut ?kdf xfd|f] sfof{nodf cfPsf ;'emfj, b]zeGbf aflx/af6 u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLx?n] k7fPsf nfvf}+ ;'emfj lyP . s;/L oL ;a} ;'emfjx?nfO{ xfdLn] k|ltj]bgsf] ?k lbg], clg s;/L cufl8 a9\g] eGg]af/]df xfdLnfO{ 7"n} ;d:of k/]sf] lyof] . lsg eg] xfdL;Fu ;do yf]/} lyof] . lglZrt lgwf{l/t ;do lyof] . xfd|f ;ef;bx? ufpFufpFdf uPsf] ;donfO{ ;b'kof]u u/]/ d}n] ;/sf/sf] tYofª\s ljefu;Fu 5nkmn u/]sf] lyPF . d}n] tYofª\s ljefusf lhDd]jf/ kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;f]w]sf lyPF, oL hgtfsf ;'emfjx?nfO{ s;/L Jojl:yt ?kdf ;+sng ug{ ;lsPnf < pxfFx?n] h'g ;+Vofdf ;'emfjx? ;+sng ul//xg'ePsf] 5, To;sf] k|ltj]bg tof/ ug{ xfdLnfO{ gf} dlxgfeGbf a9Lsf] ;do nfU5 / s/f]8f}+ /sd vr{ x'G5 eGg'eof] . k|Zg /sdsf] lyPg . ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg agfpg] qmddf hlt vr{ x'G5 Tof] vr{ cf}lrTok"0f{ 7xl/g;SYof] . t/, xfdL;Fu ;do lyPg . xfdLn] w]/} 5nkmn u¥of}+ . /fhgLlts bnx? / ;DalGwt ;a};Fu


5nkmn ubf{ xfdL Pp6f lg:sif{df k'Uof}+ . ha ;ef;bx? hgtfsf ;'emfj lnP/ l;+xb/af/ cfpg'eof], xfdLn] Tof] lg:sif{cg';f/ sfd ;'? u¥of}+ . Tof] eg]sf] xfd|f ;a} -^)!_ ;ef;bx? ;d"x ljefhg u/]/ rf}aL;} 306f l;+xb/af/df÷;+ljwfg;ef kl/;/sf sf]7fsf]7fdf hgtfsf ;'emfjx? lkmFhfP/ k|fKt ;a} ;'emfj cWoog ug]{ / To;sf cfwf/df k|ltj]bg jgfpg] sfd . sltko ;ef;b lzIf0f k[i7e"ldsf klg lyP . pgLx?sf] l6Kk0fL lyfo]– o:tf] sfd 5f8]sf] w]/} ePsf] lyof], km]l/ Psk6s ToxL sfd ug{ kfOof] .Ú rf}aL;} 306f sfd u/]/ xfd|f ;ef;bx?n] hgtfsf] cfz+sf lrg]{ sfd u/] . To:tf cfz+sfn] xfdLnfO{ Psflt/ cK7\of/f] k/]sf] lyof] . csf]{lt/ xfdLnfO{ lg:sif{df k'Ug pTk|]l/t klg u/]sf] lyof] .

l;+xb/jf/sf] kmf]gn] dtbftf dVv ;'emfj lbg] hgtfdWo] w]/}n] cfˆgf] 6]lnkmf]g÷df]afOn gDa/ klg n]v]/

k7fPsf lyP . d}n] ;a} ;ef;bnfO{ eg]+, tkfO{+x?n] b}lgsh;f] ;'emfj lbg] cfˆgf dtbftfnfO{ kmf]g ug'{;\ . ;ef;bn] hgtfnfO{ kmf]g u/]/ tkfO{+x?sf ;'emfj xfdL k9\b} 5f}+, ToxL ;'emfjcg';f/ ;+ljwfgsf] cjwf/0ff tof/ u5f}{+, tkfO{+nfO{ wGojfb 5 x} eg]/ ;Dks{ ug'{;\ . o;/L l;+xb/jf/af6 kmf]g ul/bf ufpFdf v]tLkftL u/]/ a;]sf] ls;fg sDtf v';L ePgg\ . kqsf/÷;~rf/ dfWodn] xfdLn] u/]sf] sfdsf] k|fyldstfsf ;fy k|rf/÷k|;f/ u/] . Toltdfq xf]Og, ca rflx+ ;fFRr} ;+ljwfg eGg] eP5 eg]/ v';L JoQm u/] . ;ef;bn] xfd|f s'/f klg ;'Gbf /x]5g\, xfd|f ;'emfj klg dfGbf /x]5g\ eGg] ljZjf; hgtfnfO{ hfUof] . b'O{÷tLg lbgleq} ;+ljwfg;ef / ;f+;bx?sf af/]df km}nfOPsf] e|dx? vl08t eP . k|ltj]bg tof/ eof] . hgtfsf ;'emfjnfO{ d;nf kf]sf] kf/]/ ˆofFlsG5 elgPsf] b:tfj]hnfO{ ;Ddfghgs ?kdf pko'Qm :yfgdf /fVg] eGg] lg0f{odf k'Ug log} rrf{x?n] pTk|]l/t u/]sf lyP . sfd ;lsPkl5 xfdLn] hgtfsf ;'emfjnfO{ P]ltxfl;s clen]vsf ?kdf l;+xb/af/df /fv]sf 5f}+ . bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efn] gofF ;+ljwfgsf] klxnf] Plss[t d:of}bfdfly lnPsf] ;'emfjnfO{ klg To;} u/L clen]v /flvPsf] 5 .

;+ljwfgsf] gfd df ;dt] #% k|:tfj xfdLn] ;+ljwfg;efdf lgs} ;do ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofdf s]lGb|t

eof}+ . :jfefljs ?kdf ;+ljwfg;efsf ;ldltx?df a9L 5nkmn eP . ;ldltx?n] cfˆgf k|ltj]bg÷cjwf/0ffx? tof/ ug]{ / Tof] cjwf/0ff


;Fu;Fu} cfˆgf] If]qdf kg]{ ljifodf k|f/lDes d:of}bf tof/ ug]{ sfd u/] . Tolta]nf b'O{ lsl;dsf d:of}bf tof/ kfl/Psf lyP . sltko ljifodf :jfefljs ?kdf cK7\of/fx? eP . pbfx/0fsf nflu /fHosf] k'g;{+/rgf / zf;sLo :j?kdf a9L 5nkmn rNof] . ;+3Lotf, u0ftGq xfd|f nflu gofF ljifo lyP . o:tf ljifodf a9L g} 5nkmn eP .;+ljwfgs} gfd of] x'g'k5{ eg]/ dfq} #% j6feGbf a9L k|:tfj lyP . ;s}n] gfdsf k5fl8 ldlt /fVg], s;}n] ldlt g/fVg], s;}n] u0ftflGqs ;+ljwfg /fVg'k5{ eGg], s;}n] kb}{g eGg], s;}n] nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] ;+ljwfg, nfdf]eGbf nfdf] gfd ;d]t k|:tfj ePsf lyP . l;+uf] b]z g} ax;df lyof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf ;b:on] k|ZgfjnL af]s]/ hgtfdf uPkl5 of] ljifodf emg\ a9L 5nkmn eof] .

;~rf/ dfWoddf klg of] ljifo b}lgs 5nkmnsf] ljifo eof] . of] 5nkmnnfO{ lg:sif{df k'¥ofpgsf nflu ;~rf/ dfWodsf] 7"nf] e"ldsf /Xof] . ;ldltsf 5nkmnx?df b}lgsh;f] bnx?sf, ;ef;bx?sf b[li6sf]0fx? cfO/x]sf x'Gy] . of] ;a}df ;~rf/ dfWodn] ;fx|} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf 5g\ .

;+3Lotfdf ljjfb ;+3Lotfsf ljifodf bnx? clGtd;Dd g} ljeflht lyP . cem};Dd s]xL

bnn] lrQ a'emfpg g;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . Tolta]nf bnx?nfO{ ;+3Lotfsf ;DaGwdf cfˆgf] cflwsfl/s wf/0ff k|:t't ug{sf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;DalGwt ;ldltn] cfu|x ubf{ bnx?n] tf]lsPsf] ;dodf cfˆgf] b[li6sf]0f k|:t't ug{ ;d]t ;s]gg\ .

;+ljwfg adf]lhdsf] cfof]u u7g ug]{, Tof] cfof]un] lbPsf] k|ltj]bgnfO{ s'g ?kdf s;/L ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|lqmofdf ;dflxt ug]{ nufotsf k|Zgx? kl5;Dd klg hl6n alg/x] . ;+ljwfg;efn] k|i6 b[li6sf]0fsf ;fy o;nfO{ lg:sif{df k'¥ofpg h?/L lyof] . oL ;a} ;Gbe{df b]zdf w]/} Jofks 5nkmn eof], ljjfb klg eof] . Tof] ljjfb ;+ljwfg;efleq dfq lyPg, aflx/ klg lyof] . ljjfb ;dfwfgx?df klg ;~rf/ dfWod / kqsf/x?sf] w]/} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf /Xof] . oL ;a} k|ltj]bg ;ldltx?af6 ;+ljwfg;efdf k|j]z u/]kl5 ;+ljwfg;efn] k|ltj]bgx?df cfwfl/t /x]/ 5nkmnnfO{ cufl8 a9fof] / of] k|lqmof 6'+uf]df k'¥ofpFb} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fnfO{ ;d]t 6'+uf]df k'¥ofOof]] .


;Qf ;+3if{sf] 5fofFdf ;+ljwfg;efTo;aLrdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;dofjlwaf/]df ;d]t a]nfa]nfdf ;d:ofx?

eP . lglZrt ;doleq ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfd ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ lyof] . rf/k6s Dofb yKbf;d]t klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] rf/ jif{leq ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ ;Dej ePg . cGtl/d ;+ljwfg;df ;+ljwfg;efsf] cjlw b'O{ jif{sf] x'g] pNn]v lyof] . t/, Dofb yksf af/]df bnx?aLrdf dtdtfGt/ lyP . ;/sf/ kl/jt{gsf] k|;+u Dofb yk;Fu hf]8\g yflnPkl5 hl6ntf a9]/ uP . bnx?n] ;/sf/ agfpg] / lu/fpg] k|lqmof;Fu ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{ hf]8\b}gf}+ eGg] afrf u/]sf lyP . ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f km/s s'/f xf] eGbfeGb} bnx?n] tL b'j} k|lqmofnfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf Nofpg] sfd u/] . To;n] Pp6f ;d:of pTkGg u¥of] .

;+ljwfg;efsf] b'O{j6f lhDd]jf/L lyof] . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf ?kdf sfd ug]{ / b]zdf hjfkmb]lxtf / kf/blz{tf sfod ug{ ;+;bn] ug]{ sfd ug{ Joj:yflksf–;+;bsf ?kdf . o;/L xfdLn] u/]sf] Joj:yfsf] l:k|6df ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf gsf/fTds c;/ gk/f]; eg]/ xfdLn] lgodfjnL g} b'O{j6f jgfP/ ;+ljwfg;ef / Joj:yflksf–;+;b 5'6\6f5'6\6} ;~rfng ug]{ Joj:yf u/]sf lyof}+ . k|lqmofnfO{ k|i6tfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fpFbf a9fpFb} klg Joj:yflksf–;+;bdf ;/sf/ aufpg] / 9fNg] ljifon] l;h{gf u/]sf] hl6ntfsf] 5fofF ;+ljwfg;efdf klg kg{ uof] .

zflGt k|lqmof klxnf ls ;+ljwfg < zflGt k|lqmof / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofaLrsf] cGt/;DaGws} ljifodf

bnx?sf aLrdf dte]b eof] . zflGt k|lqmof 6'+luPkl5 dfq} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof 6'+Uofpg] Pp6f kIf / xfdLnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ s'/f ;+ljwfgn] k|:6 u5{, xfd|f] dfux?sf] ;Daf]wg s;/L / s'g 9+un] x'G5 eGg] ;+ljwfg gn]vL yfxf x'Fb}g . To;}n] klxnf xfdL ;+ljwfg n]Vg rfxG5f}+ / To;kl5 dfq} zflGt k|lqmof 6'+uf]df k'U5 eGg] csf]{ kIfsf] c8fg . dfcf]jfbL n8fs'sf] Joj:yfkg;d]t ;+ljwfg x]/]/ dfq 6'+uf] nfU5 eGg] Pp6f / klxnf n8fs' Joj:yfkg ug'{k5{, clg dfq ;+ljwfg cufl8 a9\5 eGg] kIf csf]{ . Pp6f laGb'df k'u]/ of] cf}krfl/s c8fgs} ?kdf k|:t't x'g k'Uof] . o;n] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofnfO{ w]/} cK7\of/f]df kf/]sf] lyof] .


oxL a]nf ;+ljwfg;efsf] cjlw yKg] s'/fdf bnx? ;/sf/ km]/abnsf] k|;+u hf]8]/ ;xdltsf] a'Fbfd} ;/sf/ lgdf{0fsf] k|;+u /fVg yflnof] . of] ;+ljwfg;efsf nflu yk r'gf}tL lyof] . o;nfO{ ;'NemfpFb} cufl8 a9\g] s'/fdf hl6ntf cfP . ;+ljwfg;efsf] cWoIfsf gftfn] d}n] ;b}j bnx?nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyPF– tkfO{+x? Ps}7fpF pleg';\ . ;/sf/ lgdf{0f dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf]Og . tkfO{+x? o;df nfu]/ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fnfO{ cK7]/f]df gkfg'{;\ . o;df d]/f] nfdf] k|of; eof] .

zflGt k|lqmof / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof s'g cufl8 k5fl8 jf ;Fu;Fu} h:tf ljjfbn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof Pp6f laGb'df uP/ em08}em08} 7Kk x'g k'Uof] . o;df bnx?sf] cf}krfl/s c8fg g} /Xof] . cflv/Ldf w]/} k|of;af6 bnx? Tof] l:yltnfO{ l5rf]Nb} cufl8 a9\g ;kmn eP . xfdL ;a} ldn]/ l:yltnfO{ km]l/ cufl8 a9fpg ;dy{ eof}+ . To; qmddf zflGt k|lqmof / ;f] ;Fu ;DalGwt d'Vo sfd c:yfoL lzlj/df /x]sf dfcf]jfbL ;]gfsf n8fs' Joj:yfkgnfO{ 6'+uf]df k'¥ofpg] P]ltxfl;s sfd eof] .

h]7 @ sf] ;xdlt zflGt k|lqmofsf] dxTjk"0f{ sfd n8fs' / xltof/ Joj:yfkgkl5 ;+ljwfg

lgdf{0f k|lqmof cufl8 a9\of] . To;cl3g} -@)^* d+l;/ ( ut]_ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] klg h]7 !$ ut]sf] ;dofjlwdf ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ afWosf/L cfb]z lbPsf] lyof] . clGtd k6s eg]/ yk ul/Psf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] sfo{sfn @)^( h]7 !$ leqdf ;+ljwfg hf/L ug'{sf] ljsNk lyPg . of] s'/f d}n] bnx?nfO{ k6sk6s eg]sf] lyPF . bnx?sf] klg To;df ;xdt lyP . ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9\of] . @)^( h]7 @ sf] ;xdltkl5 ;+ljwfgsf cGt/j:t'df 7"nf] ljjfb lyPg . Tof] ;xdlt ;fFlRrs} P]ltxfl;s lyof] . /fHosf] k'g;{+/rgf, zf;sLo :j?k, lgjf{rg k|0ffnL / Gofok|0ffnLh:tf d'Vo ljjflbt ljifodf bnx? Ps}7fpF cfOk'u] .

;+j}wflgs ;ldltcGtu{tsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg pk;ldltsf] a}7sn h]7 @ ;xdltnfO{ u|x0f u¥of] . bnsf g]tfx?n] v';L JoQm ub}{ z'esfdgf / awfO{ ;d]t ;f6f;f6 u/]sf lyP . k|d'v bnsf zLif{ g]tfx?n] ;+ljwfg;ef, ;+ljwfg;ef ;lrjfnonfO{ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] v]n]sf] e"ldsfsf nflu wGojfb;d]t lbP .


k|r08sf] …o" 6g{Ú bnx?aLrsf] Tof] ;xdlt w]/} ;do l6Sg ;s]g . ljjfb ;dfwfg ;ldltn]

h]7 @ s} a}7sn] ;lrjfnonfO{ bnx?aLrsf] ;xdltsf] a'FbfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ ;+ljwfgsf] Plss[t d:of}bf tof/ kfg{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . Tof] d:of}bf ;+j}wflgs ;ldltdfkm{t ;+ljwfg;efdf k7fpg klg bnsf g]tfn] dnfO{ eg]sf lyP . ;xdltcg';f/sf] 8«fˆ6 tof/ kfg{ d}n] sfo{bn agfPF . sfo{bnn] ;lrjfnosf] ;xof]udf /ftf/ft sfd u/]/ h]7 # ut] ;fFemsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg pk;ldltsf] a}7sdf d:of}bf k|:t't u¥of] . l;+uf] b]z ;+ljwfg aGg] va/n] v';LofnLdf lyof] . ;+ljwfg;ef / bnx?sf] of] sfo{sf] pRr k|z+;f eof] . ;~rf/ dfWod / ;~rf/sdL{n] bnx?aLr Pstf sfod u/fpg ;sf/fTds

bafa l;h{gf u/]sf lyP . t/ of] v';L w]/} lbg l6Sg ;s]g . h]7 rf/ ut] laxfgb]lv g} ;xdltsf] efjgfdfly cf3ft k'Ug] u/L km/s wf/0ff cfpg yfn] . xfdL ;a}sf] k|of;sf afah'b ;xdlt l6sfpg ;lsPg . ljleGg sf]0fx? / :jfy{af6 h]7 @ sf] ;xdltsf] lj/f]w ePsf] lyof] . Tof] o:tf] ;dembf/L lyof] ls h'g ;dembf/LnfO{ clxn]sf cfGbf]ngsf/L dw];L bnsf k|ltlglw ;d]tn] ljjfb ;dfwfg pk;ldltdf

:jfut u/]sf lyP . dw]; s]lGb|t bnsf tkm{af6 pk;ldltdf /x]sf nId0fnfn s0f{n] xfd|f] ;a} s'/fdf lrQ a'em]s} 5}g . t/, of] ;dembf/Lsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfg agfP x'G5 eg]sf] dnfO{ ;Demgf 5 . rf/ ut];Dd ;a} 7Ls lyof] . To;kl5 s]xL g]tfx?n] rsf]{ 9+un] ;xdltsf] lj/f]wdf cleJolQm lbg yfn] . lj/f]w ug]{x?n] …xfdLnfO{ pwf/f]n] x'Fb}g, o;df ;o, Tof] klg xftfxftL rflxG5Ú eGg yfn] . d}n] cfu|x u/]sf] lyPF, of] ;fx|} 7"nf] pknlAw xfl;n ePsf] 5, of] ;dembf/Ldf cfwfl/t eP/ ;+ljwfg aGbf pwf/f] xf]Og gbud} kl/0ft x'G5 . dw];d}qL, cflbjf;L hghfltd}qL, blntd}qL / ;du|df hgtfd}qL ;+ljwfg aGb} lyof] . k|ultzLn / nf]stflGqs ;+ljwfg

lj/f]w ug]{x?n] …xfdLnfO{ pwf/f]n] x'Fb}g, o;df ;o, Tof] klg xftfxftL rflxG5Ú eGg yfn] . d}n] cfu|x u/]sf] lyPF, of] ;fx|} 7"nf] pknlAw xfl;n ePsf] 5, of] ;dembf/Ldf cfwfl/t eP/ ;+ljwfg aGbf pwf/f] xf]Og gbud} kl/0ft x'G5 .


aGg] ;'lglZrt ePsf] lyof] . oL pknAwLx?nfO{ u|x0f u/f}+ . lrQ ga'em]sf s'/fx?df 8«fˆ6nfO{ clGtd ?k glbFbf;Dd 5nkmn ub}{ hfcf}+ eg]sf] lyPF . cf}krfl/s / cgf}krfl/s ?kdf d}n] ;+ljwfg gaGbf b]z cFWof/f] ;'?ªdf k|j]z ug{ ;S5;Dd eg]sf] x'F . t/, gubdf af/f]af/ ug{ rfxg] ;fyLx? dfGg tof/ x'g'ePg . :jo+ h]7 @ sf] ;xdltsf Ps k|+d'v g]tf k'isdn bfxfn …k|r08ÚhLn] t/fO{ dw];sf, hghfltsf / kf6L{leq}sf s]xL ;fyLx?n] dfGg'ePg, To;}n] clxn]sf nflu of] ;dembf/L elTsof] eGg'eof] . k|r08hLsf] egfO;Fu} xft}df cfO;s]sf] ;sf/fTds pknAwL u'Dg k'Uof] .

clGtd k|of;To;kl5 klg;xdltsf nflu lg/Gt/ k|of; ul/of] . @)^( h]7 !$

ut]sf] 5]p5fp cfOk'Ubf bnx? k'gM ;xdltglhs k'u]sf lyP . a]nfa]nfdf Tof] ;xdlt k|of; ;kmn x'g vf]h]sf] h:tf] x'GYof], sltko a]nfdf elTsGYof] .

h]7 !$, h'g lbg klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] rf/ jif]{ sfo{sfnsf] clGtd lbg lyof] . To;sf] cl3Nnf] lbgdf ePsf] 5nkmn pT;fxk"0f{ lyof] . ef]lnkN6 ;+ljwfg hf/L x'G5 eGg] cfzf knfPsf] lyof] . !# ut]sf] 5nkmnsf] lg/Gt/tfdf !$ ut]sf] k|d'v bnsf g]tfx?sf] a}7s ;'? ePsf] lyof] . tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{hLn] dnfO{ laxfg} kmf]g ug'{eof] . laxfg !! ah];Dd k|wfgdGqL / d]/f]aLrdf tLgk6s 6]lnkmf]g ;+jfb eof] . tLgj6} ;+jfbdf k|wfgdGqLn] dnfO{ Pp6} lh1fzf /fVg'eof]– …bnx?sf aLrdf s'/f ldNof] . bnx?sf] ;xdltsf cfwf/df ;+ljwfg;efn] cfh} -!$ ut]_ ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ ;S5 ls ;Sb}g < tof/L s:tf] t <Ú oltw]/} ldxg]t u/]/ h'6fPsf] ;dembf/L ;+ljwfg kfl/t x'g ;s]g eg] v]/ hfG5 eGg] lrGtf pxfFsf] lyof] .

d}n] cfkm"n] u/]sf tof/Laf/] ;a} atfPF . d}n] cfˆgf] ;xof]usf nflu ;j{bnLo sfo{bn agfPsf] lyPF . ;+ljwfgsf k|lt 5fKgsf nflu k|];sf] Joj:yf lyof] . ;a} tof/L clGtd r/0fdf lyof] . lj1x?;Fu k/fdz{ u/]/ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{ 5f]6f]df 6'+Uofpg] k|lqmof;d]t lgwf{/0f ul/;s]sf] lyPF . bnx?sf k|ltlglwnfO{ ;d]t To;af/] hfgsf/L u/fPsf] lyPF . xfdL ;a} lx;fan] ;f]xL lbg ;+ljwg hf/L ug{ tof/ lyof}+ . h]7 !$ ut] bnx?n] ljjfbLt a'Fbfx?df ;xdlt ug]{lalQs} Tof] ;xdltsf cfwf/df


d:of}bf agfP/ ;+ljwfg kfl/t ug{ ;Dk"0f{ tof/L k"/f lyof] . bnx?aLrsf] ;dembf/L aGb} eTsFb}, aGb} eTsFb} u¥of] .

afn'jf6f/af6 lx8]sf g]tf af6f}df ufoa h]7 !$ ut] /ftL k|d'v bnsf zLif{ g]tfx? k|wfgdGqL lgjf;

afn'jf6f/df lyP . cfjZos c? JolQm;lxt zLif{ g]tf clGtd ;xdltsf] k|of;df lyP . bf]>f] txsf g]tf / xfdL l;+xb/af/ l:ylt ;+ljwfg;ef ;lrjfnodf lyof} . afn'jf6f/df ePsf] 5nkmnsf] hfgsf/L a]nfa]nfdf xfdLsxfF cfpFYof] . ;ef;bx? eg] ;+ljwfg;ef ejg, afg]Zj/df g]tfx?sf] ;xdlt klv{/x]sf lyP .

clGtddf zLif{ g]tfx? Pp6f lg:sif{df k'u] . Tof] lg:sif{ lnP/ ca s] ug]{, s;f] ug]{ eGg]af/]df l;+xb/af/df ;+ljwfg;ef cWoIf;Fu a;]/ 6'+uf] nufpg] eGg] eof] / afn'jf6f/af6 l;+xb/af/sf nflu lx+8]sf] va/ cfof] . t/, cfZro{sf] s'/f afn'jf6f/af/ p7]/ l;+xb/af/ lx+8]sf s]xL g]tf cfOk'u] . s]xL g]tf /x:odo tl/sfn] ufoa eP, x/fP . l;+xb/af/ klg k'u]gg\, afg]Zj/ klg k'u]gg\ . w]/} l9nf u/L ;fFem l;+xb/af/ cfOk'u] . km]l/ 5nkmn eof] . s'g} g s'g} ?kdf ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ eGg]af/]df ljleGg ljsNkdf 5nkmn eof] . t/, 5nkmnn] lg:sif{ lbg ;s]g .

;+s6sfnsf] ljsNk;+ljwfg;ef / Tof] k|lqmofnfO{ arfpg s]xL ;+ljwfg;Ddt ljsNkdf

hfg ;lsG5 ls eGg] s'/f klg 5nkmndf p7]sf] xf] . ljleGg k|;+udWo] tLg dlxgf ;+s6sfn nufpg]] / Tof] aLrdf ;xdltsf nflu sf]l;; ug]{ eGg] klg lyof] . ;a} ljsNkaf/] 5nkmn ug]{ eg]/ k|wfgdGqL e§/fO{ dlGqkl/ifbsf] a}7slt/ nfUg'eof] . dlGqkl/ifb\ a}7sdf hfg'cl3 bnLo 5nkmndf p7]sf ljsNkaf/] k|wfgdGqLsf] hjfkm ;sf/fTds lyof] . Tof] aLrdf k|wfgdGqL sfof{noaf6 cfPsf] va/ cg';f/ zLif{ g]tfx? d]/f] sfo{sIfaf6 p7]/ k|wfgdGqL sfof{no lx+8] .

zLif{ g]tf k|wfgdGqL sfof{no lx+8]sf] Ps}l5gdf Soflag]6 a}7saf6 va/ cfof] . ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] gofF lgjf{rgsf nflu /fi6«klt;dIf l;kmfl/; u¥of] . dlGqkl/ifbsf] Tof] lg0f{o;Fu} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] Pp6f k|lqmofsf] cGt eof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36g eof] .


d} dfly cf/f]k klxnf] ;+ljwfg;ef sfo{sfnsf] clGtdlt/ nfdf] ;do cl3b]lv g}

;+ljwfg;efn] s'g} lahg]z kfO/x]sf] lyPg . lbglbg} ;+ljwfg;efsf] a}7s 8flsGYof] / ;"rgf 6fFr]/ :ylut x'GYof] . of] qmd nfd} ;do rNof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] k"0f{ a}7s a:gsf nflu ;+ljwfg;ef;Fu s'g} Ph]08f g} lyPg . ;+ljwfg;efn] ;Dk"0f{ clwsf/ ;+j}wflgs ;ldltnfO{ ;'lDkPsf] lyof] . ;+j}wflgs ;ldltnfO{ p7]sf ljjfb ldnfpg / ljjfb ldn]sf ljifonfO{ d:of}bf agfP/ k"0f{ a}7sdf k]; ug]{ clwsf/ lyof] . ;+ljwfg;ef slxn] ;+j}wflgs ;ldltn] d:of}bf k]; unf{ eg]/ kv]{/ a;]sf] lyof] . bnx?sf aLrdf ;xdlt gePsf] cj:yfdf ;+j}wflgs ;ldltn] ljjflbt ljifodf k|ZgfjnL tof/ kf/]/ ;+ljwfg;efdf k]z ug{ ;SYof] . t/, Tof] clwsf/ ;+j}wflgs ;ldltn] k|of]u u/]g . ljjfb gldn]sf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;efn] lg0f{o ug]{af/] k|:tfj tof/ ug]{ / ljjfb ldn]sf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bf tof/ u/]/ k|:tfjsf ?kdf ;+ljwfg;efdf k7fpg] clwsf/ ;+j}wflgs ;ldltnfO{ lyof] . ;+ljwfg d:of}bfsf]] d'ne"t lhDd]jf/L ;+j}wflgs ;ldltn] kfPsf] lyof] . ;+j}wflgs ;ldltn] cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug]{ l;nl;nfdf ljjfb ldnfpg] ljifosf] xsdf ljjfb ;dfwfg pk;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hs …k|r08Ú hL x'g'x'GYof] . c? d'Vo /fhgLlts bnsf zLif{ g]tfx? ;b:o lyP . ;fgf bn / dw];L df]rf{;Ddsf k|ltlglw ToxfF lyP . k|wfgdGqL, ;+ljwfg;efsf cWoIf / ;+j}wflgs ;ldltsf ;efkltnfO{ cfdlGqt ;b:osf ?kdf a}7sdf af]nfOGYof] .

ljjfb ;dfwfg pk;ldltn] ljjfbsf] 6'+uf] nufpg g;Sbf, Psk6s 6'+UofP/ klg clGtd;Dd ;xdlt sfod /xg g;Sbf pk;ldltn] ;+j}wflgs ;ldltnfO{ k|ltj]bg lbg ;s]g . pk;ldltn] k|ltj]bg glbPsf] x'gfn] ;+j}wflgs ;ldltn] dfly pNn]v ul/Psf s'g} klg lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{

afn'jf6f/af6 l;+xb/af/sf nflu lx+8]sf] va/ cfof] . t/, cfZro{sf] s'/f afn'jf6f/af/ p7]/ l;+xb/af/ lx+8]sf s]xL

g]tf cfOk'u] . s]xL g]tf /x:odo tl/sfn] ufoa eP, x/fP .


;s]g . ;+ljwfg;efdf s'g} k|:tfj g} cfpg ;s]g . of] cj:yfsf sf/0f ;+ljwfg;efsf] a}7s a:g ;s]sf] lyPg . h]7 !$ ut] klg ;+j}wflgs ;ldltn] k|:tfj k]; ug{ ;s]g . lahg]z a]u/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] a}7s a:bf ToxfF ljjfb pTkGg x'g], åGå l;h{gf x'g] / csNkgLo 36gf 36\g] ;Defjgf lyof] . d}n] To;af/] ;f]r]/, 5nkmn u/]/ g} ;+ljwfg;efsf] a}7s g/fv]sf] s'/f la;]{sf] 5}g . dlGqkl/ifbsf] a}7saf6 lglZrt ;sf/fTds lg0f{o cfpnf eGg] ;f]r]/ kv{+bf–kv{+b} ;+ljwfg;efsf] csf]{ lgjf{rgsf] 3f]if0ff ePkl5 ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g eof] . of] cj:yfdf klg ;~rf/ hutn] of] b'Mvb l:yltnfO{ b]zk|lt, /fi6«klt OdfGbf/ eP/ km]l/ ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t d'n'snfO{ lgsf; lbgsf nflu w]/} dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg lbPsf] 5 . /fhgLlts bn / g]tfx?nfO{ k'gM ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu pTk|]l/t / ;sf/fTds bafa lbP/ ldl8ofn] /fd|f] /f]n v]n]sf] 5 . /fhgLlts bn, kqsf/, ;dfhsf ;a} tx / tKsfsf] ;fd"lxs k|of;df xfdL km]l/ csf]{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg u/]/, klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] :jfldTj ;d]t u|x0f u/]/ @)&@ ;fn c;f]h # ut] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ ;kmn eof}+ .

-b'j} ;+ljwfg;efsf cWoIf g]Djfª kqsf/ boflgwL e§n] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t_


;+;bLo k4ltdf xfdL Odfgbf/ gx'“bf

@)$* sf] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgkl5sf] lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/df d}n] sfg'g tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf d+qfnosf] lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNg kfPsf] xf] . ;+;bLo k4lt / P]gsfg'gsf s'/f ug]{ ePs}n] dnfO nfU5 kf6L{sf g]tf ;fyLx¿n] bf];|f]k6ssf] lgjf{rgkl5 ;+;bdf ;efd'vsf] lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNg nufPsf x'g\ .

xfdL ;+;bLo cEof;df gof“ . @)!% sf] r'gfj / To;tfsfsf] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cEof; klg xfd|f] /fd|f] x'g ;s]sf] xf]Og . @)!& kl5 /fhf dx]Gb|n] bnLo Joj:yfdfly nufPsf] c+s'zlj?4 cfGbf]ngdf p7\g w]/} jif{ nfUof] . xfdLn] z/0f lnPsf], b]v]sf] / cWoog u/]sf] ef/ts} ;+;bLo Joj:yf lyof] .

k|ltkIf cfkm}+df bf];|f] ;/sf/ xf] . sf/0f– ;Qf h;n] ;Dxfn]sf] ePklg s8f k|ltkIfn] Ph]08fx¿df ;/sf/nfO{ p7a;sf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofp“5g\ . hgcfGbf]ngdf ePsf] bdgsf] 5fglag ug{ ul7t dlNns cfof]usf] k|ltj]bg

tf/fgfy /fgfef6

k|ltkIf cfkm}+df bf];|f] ;/sf/ xf] . sf/0f– ;Qf h;n] ;Dxfn]sf] ePklg

s8f k|ltkIfn] Ph]08fx¿df ;/sf/nfO{ p7a;sf] cj:yfdf k'¥ofp“5g\ .


;fj{hlgs ug{ dfu ub}{ k|ltkIfn] ;+;bdf gf/fafhL ul//x]sf] lyof] . d sfg'g tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf dGqL lyP“, k|ltkIfL g]tf lyP dbg e08f/L . d}n] lrof vfg ;+:b aflx/ lg:s]sf a]nf e08f/L;“u e]6\g kfP“ . pgL ;/sf/n] k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs ub}{g eGg]df ljZj:t /x]5g\, t}klg k|ltkIfLsf] st{Josf lx;fan] ;+;bdf bafa hf/L /fv]sf] atfPkl5 k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfnfO{ pQm s'/f eg]“ .

k|wfgdGqLn] ;lrjnfO{ cx|fP . k|ltj]bg ;+;bdf k]z ul/of] . k|ltkIfn] cg'dfg g} gu/]sf] s'/f ;fj{hlgs ug{ ;lsof] . @)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf nflu ul7t cfof]un] ug]{ 8«f玱6 kf6L{df Nofpg] / 5nkmn rnfpg]df d]/f] ;lqmotfnfO{ g]tfx¿n] dg k/fPsf x'g\ . d g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] kf6L{ dxfdGqLsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf klg a;]“ . kf6L{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;“usf] ;xsfo{df …6\o'gÚ ldn]sf] cj:yf lyof] .

c? ;fyLx¿eGbf kf6L{ ;efkltn] d]/f] ;f+u7lgs 5nkmn rnfpg] / kf6L{sf] e'ldsfaf/] ax; ul//xg] afgL dg k/fpg' ePsf] xf] . oxL afgL ;a}nfO{ dg k5{ eGg] klg lyPg . ;+;bLo k/Dk/fcg';f/ xfd|f] sdhf]/ sfo{z}nLsf sf/0f slxNo} g ;QfkIfsf] sfo{;Dkfbg hjfkmb]xL x'g ;s]sf] 5 g t xfdL k|ltkIfLsf] e"ldsf ldn]/ sfd ug]{ ;jfndf ;xsfo{sf nflu pkof]uL agfpg ;s]sf 5f}+ .

@)%^ sf] cfdlgjf{rgkl5 d}n] k|ltlglw;efsf] ;efd'vsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf a:g] df}sf kfPsf] xf] . ;efd'v eg]sf] h'g kf6L{sf] ePklg Ph]08fx¿df ax; u/fpg], bnx¿aLr ;dGjosf/L e"ldsf v]Ng] / P]glgodaf/] a'em]sf] x'g}kYof]{ . ;+;bdf af/Daf/ ljleGg d'2fdf 3]/fp, ax; / gf/fafhL ePsf x'g\ . sltko Ph]08fdf lgikIf / ;Gt'lnt e'ldsfdf /x]/ sfd ug{ vf]Hbf cf玱g} kf6L{af6 dnfO{ c;xof]u / k|ltkIfaf6 ;xof]u ePsf cj:yf klg Aof]xf]l/of] . kf6L{sf ;fyLx¿n] cg'ejsf cfwf/df dnfO{ ;efd'vsf] kbsf

@)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf nflu ul7t cfof]un] ug]{ 8«fº6 kf6L{df Nofpg] / 5nkmn rnfpg]df d]/f] ;lqmotfnfO{ g]tfx¿n] dg k/fPsf x'g\ . d g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] kf6L{ dxfdGqLsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf klg a;]“ . kf6L{ ;efklt lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;“usf] ;xsfo{df …6\o'gÚ ldn]sf] cj:yf lyof] .


nflu cl3 a9fPsf lyP . t/, Tof] kbdf kf6L{sf] k|ltlglwTj u/]/ k'u]klg lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn]kl5 lgikIf / ;+t'lnt sfo{z}nL x'g'k5{ eGg]df kf6L{leqsf s]xL ;fyLx¿sf] a'emfO km/s x'GYof] . ;+;b s'g} Pp6fdfq} kf6L{sf] babaf /lx/xg] 7fp“ xf]Og . ;Qfdf /x]sf bnn] b]zsf ;femf d'2f / k|ltkIfn] p7fPsf k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbg} k5{ . p7]sf ;jfndf hjfkm glbO 6f/]/ lx8\g vf]Hg] d;“u ?i6 klg x'Gy] .

lgjf{rgdf ax'dt gx'“bfsf cj:yfx¿df kf6L{sf u7aGwg ;/sf/ aGg] / 9Ng] qmd;“u} xfdLn] ;+;bLo cEof;nfO{ /fd|f]ul/ cl3 nfg ;s]gf}+ eGg] nfU5 . @)%( sflQsdf x'g] elgPsf] cfdr'gfj @)%* sf] b/jf/ xTofsf08 / kl5 /fhfsf] …s"Ú sf sf/0f kl/l:ylt cs}{ eof] . b/jf/ xTofsf08 5fgljgsf nflu ul7t cfof]udf sfd ug'{ d]/f] /fhgLlts sl/c/sf nflu gf]S;fgbfoL eof] . t}klg d}n] ;+;bLo k/Dk/fdf x'g'kg]{ cg'zf;g / bnx¿sf] e'ldsfaf/] af]Ng 5f8]sf] 5}g .

d]/f lktfhLn] sf+u|];sf nflu of]2fsf] sfd ug'{eof] . bnx?dfly /fhfn] aGb]h u/]sf] ;dodf klg xfd|f] kl/jf/n] w]/} b'Mv u/]/ kf6L{sf nflu sfd u/]sf] xf] . d}n] a'jfaf6} kf6L{sf] nflu sfd ug]{, v6\g] sfd ;'¿ u/]y]+ . ljkL, ls;'ghL, lul/hfk|;fb cflb ;a} g]tfnfO{ e]6\g / pxf“x¿n] lbg'ePsf] lhDd]jf/Lsf] sfd u/]s} xf] . /fhgLlt u/]s} sf/0f h]n klg kl/of] . t/, ax'bnLo Joj:yf axfn ePkl5sf cj:yfdf kf6L{df sfd ul//xg, cf玱gf] kb / k|lti7f hf]ufO/xg rflxg] bfpk]r dnfO cfPgg\ sL eGg] dnfO nfU5 .

sfg'gdGqLeGbf ;efd'vsf] lhDd]jf/Ln] klg d]/f] e"ldsf km/s kfb}{ nu]sf] xf] . ;efd'v h'g bnsf] ePklg p ;a}sf] xf] . bnx¿nfO{ hjfjb]xL agfpg] ;jfndf ;efd'vn] s8f s'/f gu/L gx'g], cfkm"n] klg ul/of] . t/, kl5Nnf /fhgLlts 36gfqmdk|lt d ;Gt'i6 5}g . Joj:yf kl/jt{g / kf6L{ lxtsf nflu v6\g]sf] sb/ gx'g] cj:yfn] b'MvL t'NofPsf] 5 .

laut x]bf{ d vf;df /fhgLltdf gcfp“bf klg vfg gk'Ug] kl/jf/sf] xf]Og . sf:sL sGbgL8f“8fsf

lgjf{rgdf ax'dt gx'“bfsf cj:yfx¿df kf6L{sf u7aGwg

;/sf/ aGg] / 9Ng] qmd;“u} xfdLn] ;+;bLo cEof;nfO{ /fd|f]ul/ cl3

nfg ;s]gf}+ eGg] nfU5 .


7'nf3/]sf] gflt k':tf . k'/f0f nufPkl5dfq} hGd]sf] 5f]/f] . t/, a'jf sf+u|];sf] /fhgLltdf ;lqmo x'g'eof] . d klg To;}df nfu]“ . @))! ;fndf hGd]sf] dfG5] . d}n] ;ft ;fn Tolt dhfn] cg'ej u/]sf] xf]Og t/, !% / !& ;fn /fd|} ;Demgf 5 . !% ;fnsf]

r'gfjdf t kf6L{sf] k|rf/sf nflu ufp“ufp“ s'b]s} xf] . sf+u|];nfO{ …c/fli6«o tTjÚ elgg] hdfgfdf xfdL kl/jf/n] g} 7"nf] ckdfg vk]/ klg kf6L{sf nflu sfd u/]sf xf}+ . d}n] @)!( ;fndf P;Pn;L u/]sf] xf] . ljkLnfO{ dx]Gb|n] kqmfp ul/ 5f8]sf lbg lrofkfgsf] cfof]hgf ubf{ k|x/Ln] dnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . ;efd'v x'“bfsf s'/f ;Dem“bf @)%^ df d}n] sf:sL If]q gDa/ ! af6 r'gfj lht]sf] xf] . kf6L{nfO{ ;efd'vsf ¿kdf ;+;bLo k4lt a'em]sf] / c8fg lng;Sg] dfG5] rflxPsf] lyof] . Tolta]nf k|ltkIf s8} lyP . ToxL eP/ dnfO{ lhDd]jf/Ldf cl3 a9fOof] . ;efd'vn] sfg'g k9]s}–hfg]s} x'g'k5{ eGg] 5}g . t/, ;+;bdf k]z x'g] gLltlgodsf d:of}bf dfly cWoog eg] ug}{k5{ . kIfk|ltkIf s;}sf] x'g'x'“b}g . ;efd'vn] ;xhLs/0f ug]{ xf] . ;+;bLo k4ltsf lvnfkm x'g] Jojxf/nfO{ /f]Sg] xf] . cg'zf;g tf]8\g] h'g;'s} kf6L{sf ;f+;b, dGqLnfO{ hjfkmb]xL agfpg ;Sg'k5{ . olt ug{ ;lsPg eg] ;efd'v x'g'sf] cy{ x'“b}g .

-sflGtk'/ b}lgssf kf]v/f Jo"/f] k|d'v led l3ld/];+usf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwf/Lt_

t/, ax'bnLo Joj:yf axfn ePkl5sf cj:yfdf kf6L{df sfd ul//xg, cfºgf] kb / k|lti7f hf]ufO/xg rflxg] bfpk]r dnfO cfPgg\ sL eGg] dnfO nfU5 .


b/jf/df ax'bnsf] lvNnL p8fOGYof]

@)$^ sf] kl/jt{gkl5 ldl8ofn] 7"nf] km8\sf] df/]sf] xf] . @)%! ;fndf cfOk'Ubf w]/} ljsf; ePsf] klg xf] . t/, Tolta]nf ;'¿cftsf] cj:yf lyof] . clxn]h:tf] Jofks eO;s]sf] lyPg . k|]; lqmofzLn x'g nfu]sf] cj:yf lyof] . ;+;b\l;t k|];sf] /fd|f] ;DaGw lyof] . ;+;b\nfO{ ;"rgfsf nflu ;'ljwf lbg] s'/fx?, kqsf/x?nfO{ ;+;b\sf ultljlwl;t glhs /x]/ sfd ug]{ cj;/ h'6fpg xfdLn] ljleGg pkfo cjnDag u/]sf lyof}“ . k|];n] ;+;b\sf ;a} ultljlwnfO{ /fd|f];“u aflx/ Nofpg] u/]sf] lyof] . Tolta]nf -/]l8of] g]kfn / g]kfn 6]lnlehgdf_ …;+;b\df cfhÚ eg]/ sfo{qmd;d]t k|;f/0f x'Gy] . ;+;b\sf sfo{qmd / ultljlw eg]/ hfgsf/L u/fpg] sfo{qmd klg 5'§} x'Gy] . o;/L k|];n] ;f+;bnfO{ cfˆgf] bfloTjdf ;r]t u/fpg] u/]sf lyP? ;+;b\df eO/x]sf ultljlw hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] sfd ldl8ofn] u/]sf lyP? l:f+xb/af/df k|];sf nflu 5'§} 7fpx? Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof]?

;+;b\df gePsf s'/fx? aflx/ cfpg] cyjf tf]8d/f]8 u/]/ ;dfrf/ cfpg] Tolt ePg . t/, ;+;bLo ;ldltsf a}7s k|];sf nflu v'nf

/fdrGb| kf}8]n

Toltv]/sf] b/af/sf] Psy/L tÎjn] ;+;bLo Joj:yf /fd|f];“u grnf];\, o;n] /fd|f] sfd

gu/f];\ eGg] rfxGYof] . ;+;b\leqaf6 g} ljs[lt Nofpg] k|of; ePsf lyP .


lyPgg\ . ;ldltsf] a}7skl5 Toxf“ ePsf ultljlw k|];nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] k|rng lyof] . ;+;b\sf] a}7s v'nf g} lyof] t/ ;ldltx?df k|];nfO{ /fVg] rng lyPg . ;+;b\df bz{sbL3f{ v'nf g} lyof] .

;+;bLo k|lqmof k"/f u/]/ g} ljw]os kfl/t ul/Psf] eP klg s'g} a]nf ckjfbsf ?kdf ;dfrf/x? ga'emLsg g} aflx/ cfp“y] . Tof] ;do c;fWo} cl:y/tfsf] ;do lyof] . ;/sf/x? kl/jt{g eO/xg], kf6L{x? ljefhg x'g] klg ToxL ;dodf eP . cl:y/tf / ljs[lt eof] eg]/ ldl8ofn] ;dfrf/ aflx/ NofP . ;f+;bx?sf] lsga]r, dGqLx?sf] yfONofG8 e|d0f k|s/0f eP . ;/sf/lj?4 cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj cfp“bf x'g]÷gx'g] ;a} sfd eP . oL ;a} ljs[ltnfO{ ;fj{hlgs u/]/ ldl8ofn] ;r]t u/fpg] sfd u¥of] .

To;a]nfdf ;+;b\df eO/x]sf ultljlwn] dnfO{ cln g/dfOnf] nfu]sf] x'GYof] . t/, ;efd'vn] s]xL eGg gldNg] . otfsf ;f+;b ptf hfg] vfnsf kmf]xf]/L v]n Tolta]nf eP . d]/f cfg} ;dsfnLg ;fyL z]/axfb'/ b]pjf k|wfgdGqL ePsfn] s'g} a]nf t eGy] l;ª\u} kf6L{ Pdfn] cyjf l;ª\u} kf6L{ /fk|kfsf dfG5]x? dGqL agfpg'xf];? Pp6f kf6L{sf] clnslt, csf]{ kf6L{sf] clnslt tfg]/ dGqL gagfpg'xf];? o;n] t ljs[lt cfp5? JolQm JolQm tfg]/ dGqL agfpbf o;n] nf]stGqnfO{ abgfd agfp5 eg]/ d}n] ;'emfj lbGy“] . t/, leqleq w]/} v]n eO;s]sf x'Gy] . dnfO{ w]/} yfxf lbGy]gg\ .

Toltv]/sf] b/af/sf] Psy/L tÎjn] ;+;bLo Joj:yf /fd|f];“u grnf];\, o;n] /fd|f] sfd gu/f];\ eGg] rfxGYof] . ;+;b\leqaf6 g} ljs[lt Nofpg] k|of; ePsf lyP . Psk6s d ;efd'v x“'bfv]/L b/af/df Pp6f sfo{qmddf uPsf] lyP“ . Pp6f sf]7fdf Toltv]/sf clw/fhs'df/ 1fg]Gb|;lxtsf dfG5]x? lyP . Toltv]/ cljZjf;sf] k|:tfj cfpg] / hf]ufpg dGqLnfO{ a}+ss k7fOg] ljs[lt ;'¿ ePsf] lyof] . Tof] s'/fnfO{ lnP/ dhfs agfOPsf]] lyof], ;+;b\sf] lvNnL p8fOPsf] lyof] . d Toxf“ ;'g]/ a;]“, w]/} s'/f ul/g“ . clGtddf d}n] eg]– …xf]Og, ;/sf/ Û of]rflx“ g/fd|f] sfd eof] . dnfO{ lrQ a'em]sf] 5}g . o;n] ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ g} ljs[t agfPsf] 5 . t/, d}n] Pp6f s'/f] b]lv/x]sf] 5', Pdfn]sf *# hgf / sfª\u|];sf &( hgf ;f+;b / lxhf] ax'bn Nofpg nfu]sf ;f+;bx? sf]xL klg 5}gg\ . ;a} k"j{k~rx? dfq} 5g\ .Ú Toxf“ ‘oxL xf], ax'bn o:t} x'“bf] /x]5 x}Ú eg]/


lvNnL p8fpg vf]lhof] . To;kl5 d}n] …lxhf] ax'bn Nofpg n8]sfx? sf]xL klg 3'Dg uPsf 5}gf}“Ú eGg] hjfkm lbP“ . …;/sf/x?sf] 5q5fofdf x's]{sfx? dfq} a}+ss 3'Dg uPsf x'g\Ú eg]kl5 pgLx? lg?Q/h:t} eP . oL s'/fx? ldl8ofdf cfPgg\ . d}n] klg ldl8ofnfO{ ;a} s'/f eGg] u/]sf] lyOg“ . ;a} yfxf kfPsf s'/fx? lbg klg ldNb}g . d}n] klg o:tf] eg]“ eg]/ k|rf/ ul/g“ . c?n] klg elGbPgg\ .

Tolta]nf w]/} c;lhnf] kl/l:ylt lyof] . t/, d]/f kf6L{sfnfO{ 9'Ss lyof] . dnfO{ b'O6f s'/fsf] rf;f] lyof], Pp6f ;+;b\df ax'dtn] zf;g ug'{k5{, bf];|f] cNkdtn] zf;g ug{ x'Gg eGg]df . cNkdtsf] cfjfh t ;'Gg'k5{ t/ cNkdtn] …l8S6]S6Ú ug]{ cj:yf cfpg x'Gg eGg]df d ;r]t /x]sf] lyP“ . To; cj:yfdf nf]stGq xf]Og, c/fhstf xfaL x'G5 eGg] lyof] . To;a]nfdf hf];'s}sf] ;/sf/ eP klg d}n] ;/sf/nfO{ ;xof]u g} uy]{+ . dgdf]xg clwsf/L g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/nfO{ klg d}n] ;xof]u u/]sf] lyP“ . t/, kl5 pxf“n] ;+;b\ eª\u ug]{ k|:tfj ug'{eof], h'g cljZjf; k|:tfj btf{ u/]kl5 /flvPsf] lyof] . To;nfO{ -@)%@ ebf} !@ ut]_ cbfntn] pN6fof] . Tolta]nf cbfntdfly cfqmd0f;d]t eof] . ;efd'vsf] 7fp“af6 cbfntdfly cfqmd0f gu/f}“, cbfntsf] If]qdf xfdLn] x:tIf]k ug{ x'Gg eg]/ d}n] Gofofnosf] dof{bf hf]ufpg] sfd klg u/]“ . k|ltkIfnfO{ ldnfpg] sfd klg u/]“ .

ldl8ofdf clncln t gePsf ;dfrf/ klg cfp“y] . lsgeg], sltko ldl8ofdf ljleGg bnsf cf–cfgf kx'r / k|efj lyP . ljkIfLx? klxn]b]lv k|rf/ ug]{ s'/fdf cl3 x'Gy] . To;sf/0f sltko cj:yfdf clt/l~ht k|rf/x? klg eP .

-@)%!–%^sf ;efd'v kf}8]n;“u kqsf/ ;~hLj aufn]n] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t ._

;+;b\df gePsf s'/fx? aflx/ cfpg] cyjf tf]8d/f]8 u/]/

;dfrf/ cfpg] Tolt ePg . t/, ;+;bLo ;ldltsf a}7s k|];sf nflu v'nf lyPgg\ . ;ldltsf] a}7skl5 Toxf“ ePsf ultljlw k|];nfO{ hfgsf/L lbg] k|rng lyof] . ;+;b\sf] a}7s v'nf g} lyof] t/ ;ldltx?df k|];nfO{ /fVg] rng lyPg . ;+;b\df bz{sbL3f{ v'nf g} lyof] .


g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo Joj:yf M …xf“;sf] g s'v'/fsf] rfnÚ

@))& sf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgd} ePsf] k|fjwfg cg'?k xfdLn] ;+;bLo Joj:yf ckgfPsf lyof}“ . To;a]nf ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;jf]{Qd Joj:yf eg]/ u|x0f u¥of}“ . l5d]sL d'n's ef/tn] klg ToxL k4lt ckgfPsf] lyof] . ef/tn] a]nfotaf6 k|efljt eP/ ;+;bLo Joj:yf ckgfPsf] lyof] . ef/tLo pRr ju{sf g]tfx?df a]nfotL …j]:6ldlg:6l/onÚ k|efj lyof] . xfd|f] b]zdf klg ToxL k|efj kb}{ cfof] . Tof] c:jfefljs klg lyPg . xfdLn] klg o;nfO{ ;jf]{Qd Joj:yf dfg]/ leœofof}“ . :jtGqtf gfosx? ToxL k4ltaf6 k|efljt lyP . nf]stGqdf zf;g k4lt hgtfk|lt pQ/bfoL / hjfkmb]xL x'G5 . ;+;b\ hgtfk|lt hjfkmb]xL x'G5 . ;/sf/ ;+;b\ / hgtfk|lt hjfkmb]xL x'G5 eGg] dfGotf 5 .

@))& sf] hgqmflGtkl5 cGtl/d ;+ljwfg cfP klg To; cg';f/sf] lgjf{rg / ;+;b\ u7g ePg . ;+;b\ u7g gePkl5 ;+;b\n] sfd ug{ kfpg]

bdggfy 9'ª\ufgf

;+;bLo Joj:yfdf ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfL x'g}k5{ . of] g} ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] k"j{;t{ xf] . g]kfndf @)!% ;fnsf] lgjf{rgkl5sf] !* dlxgf / @)$* b]lv @)%* ;Ddsf] b;jif]{ cjlw g} ;+;bLo cEof;sf] /fd|f]

cjlw dflgG5 .


s'/} ePg . @)!% ;Dd ;+;bLo lgjf{rg x'g} kfPg . s'g} klg Joj:yfsf] 7Ls–a]7Ls eGg] cfwf/ x'G5 . klxnf], P]ltxfl;s ?kdf cGo b]zdf kl/lrt ePsf] / bf];|f], cEof;af6 7Ls ePsf] . xfdLn] cEof; ug{ kfPsf 5}gf}“ . cGo b]zn] cEof; u/]/ 7Ls, a]7Ls eg]sf 5g\ . xfdLsxf“ Tof] x'g af“sL 5 .

@)!% df ;+;bLo lgjf{rgkl5 klxnf] lgjf{lrt ;/sf/ aGof] . t/, ;+ljwfg;ef u7g geP/ tTsfnLg /fhfaf6 hf/L ePsf] ;+ljwfg cg';f/ klxnf] ;+;b\sf] r'gfj ePsf] lyof] . Ps hgf a]nfotL ljz]if1 cfOe/ h]lgª;sf] ;xof]udf ;+ljwfg d:of}bf ag]sf] lyof] . k'; ! ut] tTsfnLg /fhfsf] k|xf/n] Tof] ;+ljwfg 8]9 jif{ klg rNg kfPg . t/, ;+;b\n] cfˆgf] 5fk 5f8\g eg] ;kmn eof]? lgjf{lrt ;+;b\, ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfgdf /fhfsf] sf]kefhg eof]? /fhtGq / k|hftGq ;u;u} hfg ;Sg] ls g;Sg] eGg] k|Zg phfu/ eof]? ;+;b\sf] kIfdf /fhgLlts zlQm pleP? )$^ ;fn;Dd ljleGg r/0fdf cfGbf]ng eO/x\of]? k'iknfn >]i7nufotsf g]tfx?sf] g]t[Tjdf ;+;b\ k'gM:yfkgfsf] dfu;lxt cfGbf]ng ePsf] lyof]?

@)$& ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgn] klg ;+;bLo Joj:yf c“uLsf/ u¥of] . @)!% ;fnsf] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f %% df ePsf] /fhfsf] clwsf/nfO{ s6f}tL ul/of] . /fhfn] rfx]df ToxL wf/fsf] k|of]u u/]/ ;+;b\dfly k|xf/ uy]{ . d]/f] e"ldsf klg Tof] wf/f s6f}tLdf s]lGb|t /x\of] . d )$* b]lv )%! c;f]h;Dd ;efd'vsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf lyP“ . cEof; / k|lzIf0fd} d]/f] sfo{sfn laTof] . @)$* sf] cfdlgjf{rgaf6 sfª\u|];n] ;'ljwfk"0f{ ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ agfPsf] lyof] . g]skf -Pdfn]_ k|d'v k|ltkIfL lyof] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] k"j{;t{ eg]s} alnof] ;/sf/ / ;zQm k|ltkIfL eGg] x'G5 . Pdfn]n] Tof] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] lyof] . kl5 p;n] hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfbsf] gLlt kfl/t u/L ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ c“uLsf/ u¥of] . @)%! sf] dWofjlw lgjf{rgdf klxnf] bn ag]kl5 Pdfn]n] cNkdtsf] ;/sf/ u7g u¥of] . dgdf]xg clwsf/L g]t[Tjsf] Tof] ;/sf/ gf} dlxgf rNof] . @)%^ sf] cfdlgjf{rgdf k'gM sfª\u|];sf] ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ aGof] .

a]nfot, hfkfg, ef/tnufotsf b]zdf ;+;bLo Joj:yf ckgfOPsf] 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfL x'g}k5{ . of] g} ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] k"j{;t{ xf] . g]kfndf @)!% ;fnsf] lgjf{rgkl5sf] !* dlxgf / @)$* b]lv @)%* ;Ddsf] b;jif]{ cjlw g} ;+;bLo cEof;sf] /fd|f] cjlw dflgG5 . aLraLrdf lj36gsf] df/ klg v]k]sf] 5 . of] cjlwsf]


cEof;nfO{ ;+;bLo Joj:yf 7Ls xf] of xf]Og eGg] d"Nofª\sg ubf{ x'G5 . ;fgf bnsf] 7"nf] ;ª\Vofn] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] d"n p2]ZonfO{ d2t ub}{g . ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ /fd|f] agfpg] xf] eg] clxn] ePsf w]/} kf6L{x? ljrf/wf/f / ;fdLKosf cfwf/df ldn]/ lgjf{rgdf hfg ;Sg'k5{ . b'O{ jf tLg bnsf] df]rf{ agfP/ hf“bf ;xh x'G5 . To;f] u/] ;Qfdf h'g bn cfP klg ;/sf/ rnfpgdf afwf gkg]{ jftfj/0f aG5 . To;f] x'g ;s] csf]{ kIfn] k|ltkIfLsf] k|efjsf/L e"ldsf v]Ng kfp“5 . Psrf]l6 lgjf{rg ePkl5 ;Qfdf hfgsf nflu k|ltkIfLn] csf]{ lgjf{rg g} s'g'{k5{ .

;+;bLo Joj:yfdf bnLo u7aGwg -sf]ln;g_ sl7g cEof; xf] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfn] Pp6f /fd|f] bn ;xh ax'dtdf / csf]{ bn k|efjsf/L k|ltkIfLdf /xg] kl/sNkgf u5{ . lg/Gt/ vt/fleq ;/sf/ u'h|g'kg]{ x'G5 . gof“ ;+ljwfgn] :yfloTj lbg ;S5 ls ;Sb}g, ljrf/0fLo ljifo xf] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cfwf/e"t tÎj ;+ljwfgdf 5 ls 5}g, ljZn]if0fsf] ljifo aGg ;S5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yf eGg] t/ To;sf] cfwf/e"t tÎj gx'g] xf] eg] To;n] ;w}“ vt/f dfq lgDTofp“5 . dfcf]jfbLn] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf lj?4df b;jif]{ o'4 n8\of] . kl5 ToxL Joj:yfdf cGt/3"lnt eof] . eGg t xfdL ;+;bLo Joj:yf ckgfPsf] elg/x]sf 5f}“ t/ cfwf/e"t tÎjnfO{ ljrf/ u/]sf 5f}“ ls 5}gf}“, ljrf/0fLo kIf xf] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] k|f0f eg]s} ;+;b\sf] ax'dtsf] ljZjf; xf] . s'g} klg kf6L{sf] ;+;b\df hlt;'s} ;ª\Vof eP klg ;+;b\sf] ljZjf; k|fKt u/]kl5 dfq} ;/sf/ u7g x'G5 . clxn] Tof] g} 5}g . clxn]sf] Joj:yf cg';f/ k|wfgdGqLnfO{ dxfleof]u nfUb}g . cljZjf;sf] k|:tfjaf6} x6fpg] Joj:yf 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf k|wfgdGqLn] km]l/ hgtfsf aLr lgjf{rgsf nflu hfg] Joj:yf x'g'kYof]{, xfdLn] ug{ ;s]gf}“ .

;+;bLo Joj:yf c“uLsf/ ug]{ xf] eg] o;sf] ;j{dfGo d"No–dfGotf, bz{g ckgfpg'kYof]{, geP To;sf] dd{nfO{ glauf/Lsg xfd|f] cfjZostfk"lt{ ug]{lt/ nfUg'kYof]{ . t/, xfd|f] ;+ljwfgn] To:tf] u/]g . g ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ k"0f{tM nfu" ug{ ;Sof}“, g To;df ;'wfl/P/ hfg ;Sof}“ . To;}n] xfd|f nflu ;+;bLo Joj:yf …g xf“;sf] rfn, g s'v'/fsf] rfnÚ aGof] . of] Joj:yfsf] ;xL ljsf; ug{ ;s] cGo ljsf;df of]ubfg k'UYof] . t/, xfdL cGof]nd} 5f}“ . k"0f{ ;+;bLo Joj:yf klg ckgfpg ;s]gf}“ . cfkm" cg's"nsf] klg agfpg ;s]gf}“ . ;'wfl/Psf] ;+;b\ agfpg] t eGof}“ t/ agfpg ;s]gf}“ . ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf k|ToIf lgjf{lrt


/fi6«klt ;xh k4lt xf] . t/, k|ToIf k|wfgdGqL of] Joj:yfeGbf 6f9fsf] ljifo xf] . o;df hf“bf w]/} kIfdf ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'kg]{ x'G5 .

;dfj]zLtfsf] cfjZostf;+;bLo Joj:yfdf ;dfj]zLtf ;j{dfGo l;4fGt xf] . nf]ssf] lxtsf

nflu g} ;+;bLo Joj:yf x'G5, hxf“ hgk|ltlglwdfkm{t hgtfsf] cfjfh d'vl/t ug]{ ul/G5 . ;dfj]zLtfsf] cTolws ;Ddfg ug'{k5{ . t/, slxn]sfxL“ ;dfj]zLtfn] ;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ ;d:ofdf kf5{ . Psflt/ k|ltlglw;efdf ax'dt rflxg], csf]{lt/ ;dfj]zLtf klg ckgfpg vf]Hg] xf] eg] To;sf] ;xL Joj:yfkgdf ljrf/ ug'{k5{ . ax'dt gcfP, Tof] hlxn] cl:y/tfsf] hggL x'G5 . o; ljifodf xfdLsxf“ /fd|f] ax; x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;+;bLo Joj:yf ls k|ToIf lgjf{lrt /fi6«klt < clxn]sf] ax; xf] . s'g} klg Joj:yf b'u'{0f/lxt t /x“b}g . t/, xfd|f] oxf“ s'g} klg ;/sf/ :yfoL k|s[ltsf] gePkl5 w]/} ;d:of lglDtPsf] b]lvof] .

nf]stGqdf ;dfj]zLtfnfO{ OGsf/ ug{ ;Sg] ljifo g} xf]Og . nf]ssf] Joj:yfdf ;dfj]zLtf geP csf]{ ;d:of cfOk5{ . xfd|f] oxf“ t emg\ ljljwtf 5 . ;a}sf] k|ltlglwTjsf] ljifo 5 . k|ltlglw;efaf6} ;/sf/ u7g x'G5 . Toxf“ ;dfj]zLtf klg ckgfpg] / ax'dt klg vf]Hbf ;d:of kg]{ b]lvG5 . of] Psbd lj/f]wfef;k"0f{ ljifo xf] . o;sf] ;xL hjfkm vf]Hg'k5{ . k|ltlglw;efdf k|lt:kwf{af6} ug]{ / csf]{ dflyNnf] ;efdf k"/} ;dfj]zLtf agfP/ klg ljsNk vf]Hg ;lsG5 . c? 7fp“df klg Jofks 7fp“ lbg ;lsG5 . a]nfotdf k|ltlglw;efdf k|ToIf lgjf{rgaf6 r'lgG5 . Ps l;6afx]s ef/tdf klg ToxL x'G5 . Ps l;6 lqml:rognfO{ :yfg lbPsf] 5 . xfdLsxf“ of] lj/f]wfef; s;/L d]6fpg] eGg] oIf k|Zg xf] . ;dfj]zLtf / ax'dtsf] ljifonfO{ s;/L ;“u;“u} lnP/ hfg] cxd\ ;jfn xf] .

y|];xf]N8sf] Joj:yf @)$& ;fndf tLg k|ltzt y|];xf]N8 nufOPsf] lyof] . clxn] nufOPsf]

5}g . t/, o;df pbf/ x'g}k5{ . clxn] b]lvPsf] w]/} bnnfO{ sd ug{ y|];xf]N8 cfjZos 5 . ;fgf bnx?n] 7"nf bn;“u ldn]/ r'gfj n8\bf ;d:of ;dfwfg x'G5 . r'gfjL u7aGwg agfP/ hfg ;lsG5 . 7"nf bn;“u dgfl;j l;6 lnP/ lgjf{rgdf hf“bf ;+;b\df tLg–rf/ bn dfq k|ltlglwTj x'g] ;+:s[lt aGb} hfG5 . z'4 ;+;bLo Joj:yf rnfpg] xf]


eg] a9Ldf tLgj6f 7"nf bn eP k'U5, h;n] cfnf]kfnf] ;/sf/ agfpg ;sf];\ . b'O{ bnn] ;/sf/ agfpg] csf]{ alnof] k|ltkIfLdf a:g] eP of] Joj:yfsf] cEof; /fd|f];“u x'G5 . ;bgdf w]/} ;ª\Vofdf bnx? /xg' ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] :jf:YonfO{ 7Ls ub}{g . To;}n] s'g} g s'g} txdf y|];xf]N8 clgjfo{ 5 . :yfgLo tx, s]Gb|, k|b]zdf slt k|ltzt ug]{ < b]zsf] cfjZostfsf cfwf/df to ug'{k5{ . Pp6f ljZjJofkL l;4fGt x'G5, csf]{ cfˆgf] b]zsf] l;4fGt cg's"n x'G5? xfd|f] b]zsf] cg's"n /fhgLlts Joj:yf s] xf] eGg] clxn];Dd xfdLn] ;xL lg0f{o ug{ ;s]sf 5}gf}? xfdL o;df r's]s} 5f}? o;sf k5fl8 w]/} sf/0f xf]nfg\?

Joj:yfdf s6f}tLg]kfnL sfª\u|];n] hlxNo} ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] jsfnt u¥of] . kl5

sDo'lg:6 kf6L{x?n] klg To;nfO{ :jLsf/ u/] . dfcf]jfbLn] b;jif]{ ;z:q o'4 n8\of], ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] lj?4df . clxn] km]l/ ToxL af6f]df cfof] . ;+;bLo Joj:yf c“uLsf/ ubf{ Tof] Joj:yfnfO{ tf]8df]8 u/]/ ;d:of ;dfwfg lb“b}g . xfdL lg/Gt/ åGå / cl:y/tflt/ pGd'v 5f}“ . ;+ljwfg;efaf6 hf/L gof“ ;+ljwfgn] klg /fhgLlts ljifonfO{ lgwf{/0f ug]{ s'/fdf r's]sf] 5 . ldn]/ hf“bf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf Nofpg] a]nf ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] 6fª sf6\g'k¥of] . 7fp“7fp“df s}rL dfg'{k¥of] . To;}n] of] g k"0f{ ;+;bLo aGg ;Sof], g t u}/;+;bLo g} . ;dfj]zLtfsf] ljifo p7\of] . ;dfj]zLtf klg rflxPsf] 5, :yfoL ;/sf/ klg rflxPsf] 5 . oL b'j}nfO{ ;“u;“u} ldnfP/ n}hfg] k|d'v r'gf}tL xf] . ;dfj]zLtf hlt cfjZos 5, Tolt g} :yfoL ;/sf/sf] klg cfjZostf 5 .

kqsf/ klg lhDd]jf/ gful/s x'g\ . ;+ljwfgn] c“uLsf/ u/]sf] /fhgLlts Joj:yfnfO{ Vofn u/]/ nf]ssNof0fsf/L Joj:yf eof] ls ePg, kqsf/n] j:t'lgi7 eP/ d"Nofª\sg ul/lbg'k5{ . kqsf/sf] of] wd{ / bfloTj klg xf] . kqsf/n] l;h{gfTds e"ldsf v]Ng'k5{, s'g} bnut r:df nufP/ x]g'{x'“b}g . :j:y nf]stflGqs ljsf;sf lglDt hgdt lgdf{0fd} ldl8ofn] e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{k5{ . To;f] u/]df ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf s]xL eP klg ;'wf/ cfp“5 .

-@)$*–%! sf ;efd'v 9'ª\ufgf;“u kqsf/ nSsL rf}w/Ln] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLdf cfwfl/t ._


;+;b / kqsfl/tf

kª\lQmsf/ lghfdtL ;]jfdf k|j]z u/]sf] sl/a !) jif{ Gofokflnsfdf sfo{/t /x“bf Gofokflnsfsf ultljlwx? Jofks ?kdf ;Dk|]if0f x'g] kl/kf6L lyPg . ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf s]xL dxÎjk"0f{ km};nfx? dfq l56km'6 k|rf/df cfpg] u/]sf lyP . ljleGg txsf cbfntdf sfo{/t /x“bf k|zf;g jf ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ zfvfsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf sd} a;]sf] x'gfn] cbfntsf sfd–sf/afxLx? ;Dk]|if0f ug]{tkm{ Tolt ?lr x'g] s'/f klg lyPg . Gofokflnsfdf /0fgLlts of]hgfsf] ;'?cft klg gePsf] pQm ;dodf cbfnt ldl8of d}qL x'g'k5{, cbfntsf ultljlwx? klg lg/Gt/ ;fj{hlgs hfgsf/Ldf Nofpg'k5{ eGg] wf/0ff dha't klg eO;s]sf] lyPg . cfh Gofokflnsf kf/blz{tf / hjfkmb]lxtfsf b[li6n] lgs} cl3 cfO;s]sf] 5 .

Tolta]nf dh:tf ;fdfGo /fi6«;]jsx?df kqklqsfdf 5flkg] ;dfrf/x?sf] cflwsfl/stf / ;Totfdf ztk|ltzt cfZj:t x'g] ;+:sf/ lyof] . /fhgLlts, cfly{s, ;fdflhs / k|zf;lgs If]qdf ePsf ljsf; / 36gfqmdsf] cBfjlws hfgsf/L /fVg] / ;fdfGo 1fgsf] lIflth km/flsnf] agfp“b} n}hfg] p2]Zon]

6]sk|;fb 9'ª\ufgf

b]zsf] ;'/Iff, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, :jfwLgtf / ef}uf]lns cv08tfnfO{ k|lts"n k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] s]xL ;Lldt ljifodf ;+;b\sf] a}7s uf]Ko x'g ;Sg] dfGotf 5 . t/,

v'nfkg ;+;bLo k|lqmofsf] lgod xf] eg] uf]kgLotf ckjfb dfq .


kqklqsf cWoog ug]{ / dxÎjk"0f{ tYox? l6kf]6 ug]{ ul/GYof] . kqklqsfdf klg ljrf/k|wfgeGbf ;dfrf/ / 36gfk|wfg ljifoj:t'sf] afx'No /xGYof] .

kª\lQmsf/ lj=;+= @)^@ df ha Gofokflnsfsf] bfo/faf6 aflx/ lg:s“b} ;+;b\ ;lrjfnodf g]kfn Gofo ;]jf, sfg'g ;d"xsf] ;x;lrj kbdf kb:yfkg eO{ sfd ug]{ l:ylt aGof], Tolta]nf ;+;bLo ultljlwx?df ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] rf;f] b]Vbf s]xL cfZro{ / gf}nf] cg'ej eof] . Psftkm{ /fhfsf] k|ToIf zf;g / csf]{tkm{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_n] ;~rfng ul//x]sf] ;z:q ;ª\3if{ / lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efsf] k'gM:yfkgfsf] dfu lnP/ tTsfnLg ;ft /fhgLlts bnn] ul//x]sf] ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ngsf] /fk / tfko'Qm kl/l:yltaf6 cl3 a9]/ @)^# j}zfv !! ut] tTsfnLg /fhfsf] zfxL 3f]if0ffåf/f lj3l6t k|ltlglw;efsf] k'gM:yfkgfkl5 d'n'ssf] ;f/f rf;f] / ;/f]sf/sf] s]Gb|ljGb' ;+;b\ ;lrjfno g} x'g k'Uof] . To;kl5 nuftf/ cf7 jif{;Dd ;+;b\ ;lrjfnodf sfo{/t /x“bf k|ltlglw;efsf] 3f]if0ff, cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf, ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg, u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff, ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36g, bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg, ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f;Ddsf ultljlwnfO{ k|ToIf ?kdf lgofNg] cj;/ kfPsf] of] kª\lQmsf/;“u ;+;bLo ultljlwaf/] ;~rf/sdL{n] u/]sf] ;Dk|]if0fsf s]xL kIfaf/]sf] k|ToIf cg'ej klg 5 .

kf/blz{tfsf] cfjZostfk|ltlglwd"ns nf]stGqdf hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qfsf] k|of]unfO{

Jofjxfl/s ?k k|bfg ug]{ / hgtfsf] OR5fnfO{ cleJoQm ug]{ sfd lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx?af6} x'G5 . hgk|ltlglwx?sf] ;efnfO{ Joj:yflksfsf ?kdf lnOG5 . sfg'g lgdf{0f ug'{, hgtfsf] k|ltlglwTj ug'{, ;/sf/sf] sfdsf] ;'kl/j]If0f ug'{, cGt/f{li6«o ;lGw–;Demf}tfsf] cg'df]bg ug'{, dxfleof]usf] sf/afxL rnfpg', cfly{s lgoGq0f ug'{ Joj:yflksfsf d'Vo lhDd]jf/Lsf ljifo x'g\ . cfjlws ?kdf lgjf{lrt x'g] hgk|ltlglwx?sf] sfdsf] d"Nofª\sg hgtfn] log} lhDd]jf/L lgjf{xsf] k|efjsfl/tfsf cfwf/df ug'{k5{ / lgoldt ?kdf x'g] lgjf{rgsf] ;dodf pko'Qm pDd]bjf/x?nfO{ dtbfg ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . To;}n] hgk|ltlglw / ljwflosL ;+:yfsf] sfo{ ;Dkfbgsf x/]s kIfx? ;a} hgtfn] yfxf kfpg] u/L ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|rf/–k|;f/ x'g' cfjZos x'G5 .

;+ljwfgtM sfg'g lgdf{0f ug]{ lhDd]jf/L hgk|ltlglwo'Qm ;+:yf ljwflosfsf] x'G5 . t/, cfkm"n] cfkm""nfO{ zfl;t ug{ d~h'/ ug]{ x'gfn] sfg'g lgdf{0f


k|lqmofdf hgtfn] cfkm" klg ;xefuL eO{ ljrf/ JoQm ug{ kfpg'kg]{ dflgG5 . ;+;b\df s:tf] sfg'g lgdf{0f x'“b}5, sfg'gsf] d:of}bfdf s] s:tf k|fjwfg 5g\, ;f+;bx?n] s] s:tf ;+zf]wg k|:tfj /fv]sf 5g\, ljw]ossf] d:of}bfdfly cfkm"n] lgjf{lrt u/]sf k|ltlglwn] s:tf] ljrf/ JoQm u/], pQm ljrf/ cfdhgtfsf] lxtdf 5 jf 5}g egL hgtfn] d"Nofª\sg ug{sf nflu sfg'gsf] d:of}bfnufot ;+;b\sf] k|lqmof / 5nkmn;d]t v'nf x'g'kg]{ cfjZostf /xG5 .

;+;b\ hjfkmb]lxtf / kf/blz{tf clej[l4 ug]{ ynf] xf] . ;+;bLo zf;g k|0ffnLdf sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:ox? ;+;b\k|lt JolQmut / ;fd"lxs ?kdf klg pQ/bfoL x'g'k5{ . ;bgdfkm{t g} hgtfnfO{ hjfkm lbg'k5{ . Gofokflnsfafx]s /fHosf c? ;a} lgsfo ;bgk|lt g} hjfkmb]xL x'g] x'“bf s'g lgsfo / kbflwsf/Ldfly ;bgdf s] k|Zg p7\of], pQm k|Zgdf To:tf] lgsfo jf kbflwsf/Ln] s] hjfkm lbof] eGg] ljifosf] hfgsf/L klg v'nf g} x'g'k5{ .

zf;g Joj:yfdf hjgkmb]lxtf clej[l4 ug{ / ;'zf;g ;'lglZrt ug{ ;+ljwfg / sfg'gn] l;h{gf u/]sf Gofokflnsfnufot ;a} lgsfon] jflif{s k|ltj]bg tof/ u/L /fi6«k|d'v;dIf k]; ug]{ / pQm k|ltj]bg sfo{sf/L k|d'vdfkm{t ;bgdf 5nkmnsf nflu k]; ug]{ kl/kf6L /x]sf] x'G5 . ;bgdf ;dosf] ldtJolotf, k|efjsfl/tf / ;xhtfsf nflu ljifo;“u ;DalGwt ;+;bLo ;ldltdf To:tf k|ltj]bgdf 5nkmn ug]{ / ;DalGwt lgsfon] jif{el/ u/]sf /fd|f sfo{ / sdhf]/L;d]t phfu/ ug'{k5{ . hgtfsf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu ;ldltsf To:tf 5nkmn klg v'nf x'g'k5{ .

b]zsf] ;'/Iff, ;fj{ef}d;Qf, :jfwLgtf / ef}uf]lns cv08tfnfO{ k|lts"n k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] s]xL ;Lldt ljifodf ;+;b\sf] a}7s uf]Ko x'g ;Sg] dfGotf 5 . t/, v'nfkg ;+;bLo k|lqmofsf] lgod xf] eg] uf]kgLotf ckjfb dfq .

;bgdf s'g} ;b:on] JoQm u/]sf] egfOnfO{{ lghsf] lgotdfly

zª\sf p7fO{ unt jf e|fds ?kdf aª\UofO{ k|:t't ug{ ldNb}g, To;f] ul/Pdf ;bgsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ pNnª\3g dfgL sf/afxL rnfpg

;lsG5 . o:tf] sf/afxL ;bg :jod\n] ug{ ;S5 .


;+;b\sf] ultljlwsf] kf/blz{tf sfod ug{ ljleGg b]zdf ;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] ;+;b\sf] a}7ssf] k|ToIf k|;f/0f ug]{, lgoldt a'n]l6g k|sfzg ug]{, ldl8of ;]G6/sf] :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug]{, ljB'tLo l8:Kn] k|bz{g ug]{nufotsf pkfox? cjnDag u/]sf] kfOG5 . oL ;a} pkfox? ;+;bLo sf/afxLsf] v'nfkg / hglxtsf nflu ckgfOPsf] :jtM :ki6 5 .

;~rf/sdL{sf] e"ldsf;+;bLo sfo{ljlw / ;+;b\af6 ;Dkfbg x'g] sfo{x?sf] ljj/0f ;+;b\

;lrjfnosf] lhDdfdf /xG5 . t;y{, v'nfkg sfod ug]{ / ;fj{hlgs ?kdf kx'“rof]Uo agfpg] klxnf] lhDd]jf/L klg ;+;b\ ;lrjfnos} xf] . ;bgdf x'g] 5nkmn / o;sf] k|lqmof ;bgsf] ljz]ifflwsf/sf] ljifo xf] . ;bgsf]

k|lqmofdf q'l6 jf clgoldttf eof] eg]/ cbfntdf ;d]t k|Zg p7fpg ldNb}g . ;bgdf s'g} ;b:on] JoQm u/]sf] egfOnfO{{ lghsf] lgotdfly zª\sf p7fO{ unt jf e|fds ?kdf aª\UofO{ k|:t't ug{ ldNb}g, To;f] ul/Pdf ;bgsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ pNnª\3g dfgL sf/afxL rnfpg ;lsG5 . o:tf] sf/afxL ;bg :jod\n] ug{ ;S5 .

o;sf] tfTko{ ;bgdf ;f+;bx?n] afn]sf] s'/f ;Dk|]if0f gug]{ jf ;+;bLo ultljlwnfO{ ;fj{hlgs kx'“raf6 6f9f /fVg'kg]{

eGg] sbflk xf]Og . ;bg / ;b:ox?sf] dof{bf sfod /fVb} ;efd'vsf] cg'dlt lnP/ oyfy{ ljj/0f k|sfzg / k|;f/0f ug]{ bfloTj ;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ;+;b\sf] dxf;lrjn] jf ;DalGwt ;bgsf] ;lrjn] k|dfl0ft ug]{ a}7ssf] ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f / sfd–sf/afxL;DaGwL lgoldt a'n]l6gn] clen]v cBfjlws ug{, ultljlwnfO{ cflwsfl/stf k|bfg ug{ / ;bgsf] sfd–sf/afxLk|lt ;fj{hlgs kx'“r :yflkt ug{ cjZo ;xof]u k'¥ofp“5 .

;+ljwfg;ef / o;sf ;ldltx?df eP u/]sf sfd–sf/afxL / ultljlw ;DaGwdf ckl/kSj ;"rgfx? klg ;Dk]|if0f eP, k|lqmofdf /x]sf, 5nkmndf /x]sf ljifoj:t'x? 5/k:6 aflx/ cfP, uf]kgLotfsf] zky vfPsf ;b:ox?n] klg nf]slk|otfsf nflu ckl/kSj ;"rgf k|jfxdf ;xof]uL ag]sf] b]lvGYof] .


;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] ;+;bLo ultljlwx?sf] clen]v Joj:yfkg ub}{df jf To;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs kx'“rdf /fVb}df To;af/]df hgtfnfO{ hfgsf/L eOxfNb}g . o;sf nflu ;~rf/sdL{x?n] ljleGg dfWodaf6 Jofks ?kdf ;Dk|]if0f ug{ cfjZos k5{ . g]kfndf ;+;bLo ultljlwx? hgtf;dIf ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ sfo{df ;~rf/sdL{x?sf] lqmofzLntfnfO{ pT;fxa4{s g} dfGg ;lsG5 . of] lqmofzLntf JolQmut txdf dfq geP/ ;+:yfut ?kdf ;d]t :yflkt 5 . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& n] ljrf/ / cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf / k|]; :jtGqtfnfO{ df}lns xssf ?kdf pRr k|Tofe"lt lbPkl5 ;"rgf / ;~rf/ If]qsf] ljsf; tLj| ?kdf eof] . To;}sf] hudf pleP/ clxn] 5fkf, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / cgnfOgh:tf cTofw'lgs dfWodaf6 ;dfrf/ k|rf/k|;f/ ug]{ ;of}“ ldl8of ;~rfngdf 5g\ .

cIf/sf] zlQm lgs} alnof] x'g], ;fj{hlgs ?kdf k|Zg pl7;s]kl5 Odfgbf/ / g}ltsjfg JolQmn] dfq To;sf] ;fdgf ug{ ;Sg] l:ylt /xG5 . v'nf / nf]stflGqs jftfj/0fdf :j]R5frfl/tfsf] s'g} :yfg /xg ;Sb}g . ;fj{hlgs hjfkmb]lxtf /x]sf] lgsfo / kbflwsf/Ln] j:t'lgi6 ?kdf cfwf/ / sf/0flagf u/]sf] sfdsf] cf}lrTo k|dfl0ft ug{ sl7g x'g] ePsfn] ;~rf/ If]q la:tf/} ;a} lgsfosf] ;zQm k|ltkIfsf ?kdf :yflkt ePsf] kfOG5 .

Jofks ?kdf ;+:yfut / Jofj;flos ljsf; ul/;s]sf] ;~rf/ If]qnfO{ @)^! ;fndf ;'? ePsf] tTsfnLg /fhfsf] k|ToIf zf;gsfndf ljleGg k|ltaGw / ;Ldf nufpg] k|of; ePkl5 d"nwf/sf ;~rf/sdL{x? cfGbf]lnt x“'b} ;ft /fhgLlts bnsf] bf];|f] hgfGbf]ngdf ;lqmo ;xefuL x'g] l:yltsf] l;h{gf eof] . pQm cfGbf]ngsf] ;kmntfkl5 k'gM:yflkt k|ltlglw;ef / g]skf dfcf]jfbL;d]t ;lDdlnt eO{ lj=;+ @)^# df3df u7g ePsf] Joj:yflksf–;+;b\sf] ultljlw ;~rf/ hut\sf] pRr k|fyldstfdf kg'{ cToGt :jfefljs lyof] . of] r/0f;Dd cfOk'Ubf x/]s ;+:yfn] ;+;bLo la6sf] cnUu} Joj:yf u/L ljz]if1tfsf] ljsf; ub}{ ;+;bLo ultljlwnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fv]/ ;Dk|]if0f u/]sf] kfOG5 . pQm ;dodf d]/f] :d/0fdf /x];Dd s]zj kf}8]n, xl/axfb'/ yfkf, an/fd aflgof“, 6ª\s kGtnufotsf yf]/} :yflkt ;~rf/sdL{x? / c? w]/} gjf]lbt ;~rf/sdL{x? ;+;b\df cfpg' x'GYof] . ;+;b\df s]xL dxÎjk"0f{ sfo{qmddf dfq b]lvP klg jl/i7 kqsf/x? w'|jxl/ clwsf/L, o'j/fh l3ld/], ;'/]z cfrfo{, lzj ufp“n]nufotsf ljåfg\x?n] ;+;bLo ultljlwsf ljifodf


ug'{x'g] ;6Ls ljZn]if0fn] ;a}nfO{ rgfvf] agfp“Yof] . k|ltlglw;efsf] g]t[Tj / kbflwsf/Lx? ;~rf/sdL{;“u ;w}“ ;sf/fTds b]lvg'x'GYof] . ;~rf/sdL{sf] ;a};“u ;'dw'/ ;DaGw lyof] . To;df klg ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf ultljlwn] ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfdf gof“ cfofd g} yk]sf] 5 .

k'gM:Yfflkt k|ltlglw;efk|lt ;a}sf] ;sf/fTds wf/0ff /x]sf] lyof] . o;n] cfGbf]ngsf] efjgfadf]lhd g]kfnsf] nf]stGqnfO{ yk ;'b[9 agfpgsf nflu b"/ufdL k|efjsf sfg'g lgdf{0f ug]{ / ;ª\sNk tyf ;fj{hlgs dxÎjsf k|:tfj kfl/t ug]{ sfo{ u/]sf] lyof] . tTsfnLg ;+ljwfgadf]lhd b'O{ ;bgfTds Jo:yflksfsf] Ps ;bg dfq eP klg @)^# h]7 $ sf] cfg} 3f]if0ffåf/f ;a} sfg'g lgdf{0f ug{ cfkm} ;Ifd /x]sf] pb\3f]if u/]sf] lyof] . /fli6«o;efdf s]xL ;b:o dfq afsL /x]sf / yk ;b:o dgf]gog ug]{ cfwf/ g/x]sfn] k|efjsf/L agfpg ;Sg] l:ylt lyPg . ;+j}wflgs / ljlwzf:qLo ?kdf k|ltlglw;efsf] 3f]if0ffnfO{ cfnf]rgf ug]{ k|z:t cfwf/ /x] klg ;~rf/ hut\n] o;nfO{ lgs} k|z+;fsf ;fy …DofUgfsf6f{Úsf] ;+1f lbP . /fhfn] P]gdf nfndf]x/ nufpg] k|yfsf] cGTo, wd{lg/k]Iftfsf] 3f]if0ff, gof“ gful/stf P]g, gof“ ;}lgs P]gnufot sl/a *# j6f ljw]os kfl/t ug]{, dlxnfx?nfO{ /fHo ;+/rgfsf x/]s lgsfodf ## k|ltzt ;xeflutf ;'lglZrt u/fpg]], g]kfnnfO{ 5'jf5"t d'Qm /fi6« 3f]if0ff ug]{, cfO{Pncf] !^( cg'df]bg ug]{, sd{rf/LnfO{ 6]«8 o'lgog clwsf/ lbg] nufotsf bh{gf}“ lg0f{o / g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg, @)$& vf/]h u/L g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# hf/L ug]{ nufot k'gM:yflkt k|ltlglw;efsf sfddf cfnf]rgf ug]{ k|z:t 7fp“ /x] klg ldl8ofaf6 k|ltlglw;efn] lgs} jfxjfxL kfof] .

g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg, @)^# sf cfwf/df ul7t cGtl/d Joj:yflksf ;+;b\df ;z:q ;ª\3if{af6 zflGt k|lqmofdf cfPsf] g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf *# ;b:o dgf]gog ul/Psf] lyof] . Joj:yflksf u7g ug]{ of] lgs} gjLg 36gf lyof] . o;n] hgk|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfsf] :jLsfo{tfsf] bfo/f cem} km/flsnf] aGffof] . u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff tTsfn ug'{kg]{ / k"0f{ ;dfg'kflts lgjf{rg k|0ffnL nfu" ug'{kg]{ ljifodf h?/L ;fj{hlgs dxÎjsf k|:tfj g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] of] ;+;b\df k]; u/]/ g]skf Pdfn]sf] ;xof]udf kl/dfh{g;lxt kfl/t eP . ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu cfjZos dtbftf gfdfjnL P]g, lgjf{rg cfof]u P]g, lgjf{rg s;'/ / ;hfo P]g,


;+ljwfg;ef ;b:o P]gnufotsf bh{gf}“ sfg'g kfl/t u/]/ Joj:yflksf ;+;b\n] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgsf] sfg'gL / /fhgLlts jftfj/0f tof/ kf/]sf] lyof] . oL ;a} sfdsf] ;~rf/ hut\n] Jofks ?kdf k|rf/ k|;f/ u/]sf lyP . Tolta]nf ;b:o / ;+;b\sf] 7"nf] cfnf]rgf ePsf] kfO“b}g .

hgtfsf lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx?n] nf]stflGqs / hg;xeflutfd"ns ljlwåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ p2]Zo;fy @)^$ r}t @* df ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg u/L ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfo{ k|f/De ePkl5 d'n's g} ;+ljwfg;efdo eof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] klxnf] a}7s, u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff, ;+ljwfg;efsf] sfo{ljlw, ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfo{tflnsf / ;+ljwfg;efdf 5nkmn ePsf ;+ljwfgsf cGt/j:t'x? lgoldt ?kdf ;dfrf/sf ljifo ag] .

;+ljwfg;ef lgodfjnLdf /x]sf] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof, To;df hgtf ;xefuL x'g ;Sg] sfo{ljlw, dfWod / ;+ljwfg;efsf] sfo{tflnsfaf/] hgtfnfO{ lgoldt ?kdf ;';"lrt ug{ ;lrjfno;“u glhssf] ;xsfo{ ug{ ldl8ofsf ;fyLx? tTk/ /xg'eof] . ;+ljwfgdf ;d]l6g'kg]{ ljrf/ / cleJolQmsf] :jtGqtf, 5fkfvfgf / k|sfzg :jtGqtf, ;"rgfsf] xsnufotsf ljifo ;~rf/sdL{sf cfg} ;/f]sf/sf ljifo ePsfn] cjwf/0ff kq lgdf{0fb]lv g} ;xefuL eO{ lqmofzLn /xg' :jfefljs lyof] .

;+ljwfg;efsf] ;jf]{Rrtf / o;dflysf] ;Ddfgdf s'g} rf]6 k'Ug uPdf To;af6 ;du| g]kfnL hgtf g} sdhf]/ x'g] oyfy{nfO{ dgg u/L lgodfjnLdf ;+ljwfg;efsf ;b:osf] cfrf/;+lxtfsf] Joj:yf;d]t ul/Psf] ljifonfO{ /fd|f] k|rf/k|;f/ ul/of] . Pp6} ;+:yf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f / lgoldt ;+;b\sf] sfd–sf/afxLdf ;+nUg /x]sfn] oL lgtfGt km/s lhDd]jf/LnfO{ cnu ub}{ ;dfrf/ tof/ ug{ ;~rf/sdL{ rgfvf] klg x'g'kg]{ ePsfn] ;+ljwfg;ef ;lrjfnosf tkm{af6 s]xL Ifdtf clej[l4sf

;+;b\ jf ;ldltsf a}7sx? lgwf{l/t ;dodf k|f/De gx'g],

a}7s cgfjZos ?kdf nlDag], ;dodf lg0f{o gx'g], lg0f{osf]

hfgsf/L kfpg g;lsg] sf/0fn] /ftL ca]nf;Dd klg cfˆgf]

lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ sfof{nod} a:g afWo x'g'kg]{ kL8f kqsf/x?n]

ef]lu/xg'k/]sf] 5 .


sfo{qmd cfof]hgf ul/of] . ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhn] ;d]t lgoldt ?kdf cGt/lqmof / 5nkmnsf] cfof]hgf u/L ;+ljwfg;ef / ;+;bLo ;"rgfsf] k|efjsf/L ?kdf ;Dk|]if0f ug{] k|of; eP . ;+ljwfg;efsf ljleGg ;ldltaf6 tof/ ePsf cjwf/0ffkq / k|f/lDes d:of}bfdf ;dfj]z cGt/j:t' / bnLo ljjfb /x]sf ljifonfO{ ;~rf/sdL{x?n] lgs} ulx/f] 9ª\uaf6 ljZn]if0f ug'{x'GYof] . lg/Gt/sf] lqmofzLntfaf6 /fh]Gb| km'ofn, 6ª\s kGt, lr/~hLjL 9'ª\ufgf, k|sfz lu/L, lji0f' ;'j]bL, g/]Gb| ;fpb, af]dnfn lu/L, alag zdf{, ;'zLn kGt, lji0f' a'9fyf]sL, clgn af]u6L, b'uf{ vgfn, O{Zj/L ;'j]bL, ch'{g e08f/L, s[i0ff kf}8]n, zf]ef zdf{, /dfhLnufotsf bh{gf}“ ;~rf/sdL{ ;fyLx? ;+ljwfg;efsf ;b:ox? / xfdL ;lrjfnodf

sfo{/t kbflwsf/Lx?eGbf klg a9L ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof / ljifoj:t';“u cBfjlws ePsf] d}n] dx;'; u/]sf] 5' .

klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgkZrft\ klxnf] a}7ssf] sfo{;"rL tof/ ug]{, cGtl/d sfo{ljlwsf] d:of}bf tof/ ug]{, ;+ljwfg;ef lgodfjnL d:of}bf ;ldltsf] ;lrj, ;+j}wflgs ;ldltsf] ;lrj, !! j6} ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg cWoog ;ldltsf] ;lrj, k'iksdn

bfxfn …k|r08Ú g]t[Tjsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg pRr:t/Lo sfo{bnsf] ;lrj, dfwjs'df/ g]kfn g]t[Tjsf] ljjfb ;dfwfg pk;ldltsf] ;lrjsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf ;d]t /xL sfd u/]sfn] ;~rf/sdL{x?n] ;lrjfnosf] k|jQmf jf ;"rgf clwsf/LnfO{ ;Dks{ ug'{eGbf klg of] kª\lQmsf/nfO{ g} ;dfrf/sf] ;|f]t 7fg]/ ;Dks{ ug'{x'GYof] . d}n] a}7ssf af/]df hlt l9nf eP klg k|]; lj1lKt k|sfzg ug]{ k4ltnfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] lyP“ . lg0f{o ePsf ljifo, 5nkmndf /flvPsf ljifoaf/] ;sf/fTds ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug{ sGh':ofO“ u/]h:tf] nfUb}g . clwsf+z a}7sx? lg/fzfhgs x'Gy] tfklg ;+:yf, g]tf / kbflwsf/Lx?k|lt gsf/fTds / ljt[i0ff hfUg] k|sf/sf] l6Kk0fL slxNo} ul/Pg .

;+;b\sf] kf/blz{tf / v'nfkgsf sf/0f hglxtdf sfd ug{ ;+;b\ ;b:onfO{ bafa k/]sf] 5 . lgu/fgL ug]{ lhDd]jf/L;lxt :yflkt /fHosf lgsfox? eGbf ;~rf/sdL{sf] lgu/fgL cem a9L k|efjsf/L b]lvPsf] 5 .


oL ;a} k|of;sf afah'b ;+ljwfg;efsf ;b:ox? /ftf] kf;kf]6{ b'?kof]udf kqmfp kg]{, ckx/0f / e|i6frf/h:tf kmf}hbf/L ck/fwdf kqmfp kg]{, ;Qfdf ;xefuL x'g bn ljefhg, bn kl/Tofu ug]{h:tf ultljlw x'g yfn]kl5 s'g} Ps ;b:osf] Jojxf/nfO{ ;fdfGoLs/0f u/L ;du| ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;Ddfg t]hf]aw ug]{ k|j[lQ ;'? eof] . ;+ljwfg;efn] klg cfr/0f cg'udg ;ldlt ;dodf g} u7g u/]/ ;b:onfO{ cg'zf;gdf /fVg] sfo{df x:tIf]ksf/L sbd rfNg ;s]g . bn Tofusf ph'/L ;dodf lg?k0f gu/L dlxgf};Dd ljrf/fwLg /flvof] . hlt g} ;sf/fTds ;f]r /fv] klg jftfj/0f / kl/l:yltn] ;sf/fTds kl/0ffd lbg] l:ylt lyPg . o:tf] jftfj/0fdf ;~rf/dfWod klg ;sf/fTds gb]lvg' :jfefljs lyof] .

;+ljwfg;ef / o;sf ;ldltx?df eP u/]sf sfd–sf/afxL / ultljlw ;DaGwdf ckl/kSj ;"rgfx? klg ;Dk]|if0f eP, k|lqmofdf /x]sf, 5nkmndf /x]sf ljifoj:t'x? 5/k:6 aflx/ cfP, uf]kgLotfsf] zky vfPsf ;b:ox?n] klg nf]slk|otfsf nflu ckl/kSj ;"rgf k|jfxdf ;xof]uL ag]sf] b]lvGYof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf ;a} ;ldltsf sfd–sf/afxL / ultljlwnfO{ ;dfg :yfg lbO{ ;Dk]|if0f gu/L htf a9L ljjfb / tgfj b]lvG5, To;nfO{ a9L prfNg]], ;sf/fTds ljifonfO{ :yfg glbg] / /rgfTds cfnf]rgf klg gug]{ l:ylt b]lvof] . ;+ljwfg;efsf] sfo{tflnsfadf]lhd ;dodf sfd gx'g], sfo{tflnsf ;+zf]wg ub}{ hfg], ;+ljwfg;efsf] cjlw yKb} hfg], ;+;b\df bn / ;b:o k|wfgdGqLsf] lgjf{rgh:tf] k|lqmofdf t6:y a:g], !& k6s lgjf{rg ubf{ klg ;+;b\n] k|wfgdGqL r'Gg g;Sg] h:tf 36gfn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgd{d cfnf]rgf x'“b} uof] . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] klg @)^* d+l;/ dlxgfdf ;+ljwfg;efsf] cjlw rf}yf]k6s a9fp“b} ^ dlxgf cjlw yk ug]{ u/L ePsf] ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wgnfO{ clGtd elglbof] . ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;d:of / hl6ntfsf] kf]sf]sf ?kdf lrlqt ul/of] . Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf] e"ldsfdf klg ;+ljwfg;ef Tolt k|efjsf/L b]lvg ;s]sf] lyPg . cGttM klxnf] ;+ljwfg;ef @)^( h]7 !$ ut] sfo{ef/ k"/f gu/L lj36g x'g k'Uof] . /fhgLlts l/Qmtfsf] l;h{gf ug]{ uDeL/ 36gf ePsfn] ;+ljwfg;ef lj36g x'“bf s]xL /fhgLlt1x?sf] cf“vfdf cf“z' 5rlNsPsf] b]lvGYof] t/ ;d:ofd"ns tyf Dofb ;lsPsf] ;+:yf ePsfn] o;nfO{ ;~rf/sdL{x?n] Tolt w]/} b'Mvb 36gfsf ?kdf lnPsf] kfOPg .


klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj36gn] l;h{gf u/]sf] hgk|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfsf] l/Qmtfsf] hl6n kl/l:yltsf] ;fdgf ub}{ k'gM /fhgLlts ;xdlt / ;dembf/Lsf cfwf/df bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ;DkGg eof] . ;+ljwfg;efaf6} ;+ljwfg agfO5f8\g] /fhgLlts k|lt1fsf] kl/0ffd lyof] bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;ef . klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fnfO{ hxfg]/ k'¥ofPsf] lyof], bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efn] To;sf] :jfldTj u|x0f u/L ToxL“af6 sfdsf] yfngL ug]{ u/L ckgfPsf] Jofjxfl/s sfo{ljlwnfO{ ;a}n] dg k/fPsf] b]lvof] . ;~rf/ If]qn] ;d]t of] z}nLsf] :jfut g} u/]sf] kfOof] . hl6n ;+j}wflgs d'2fx? Pskl5 csf]{ 6'ª\uf] nfUb} uP . s]xL /fhgLlts bnx?sf] c;xdltsf afah'b bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efn] klxnf] a}7s a;]sf] @) dlxgfsf] cjlwdf g} ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ ;Sof] . o;df ;~rf/ If]qsf] e"ldsf ;xof]uL / ;sf/fTds /x]sf] lyof] . cfnf]rgfTds l6Kk0fL t ;~rf/ If]qsf] wd{ g} xf] eGg] nfU5 . ax'njfbL nf]stGqdf sltko /fhgLlts lg0f{osf ljifodf cf–cfg} wf/0ff /xg'nfO{ cGoyf eGg ldn]g . ;du|df bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efsf] sfo{sfnsf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmof / ;+;bLo ultljlwsf] hg;dIf ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ sfo{df ;~rf/sdL{x?n] cu|;/ e"ldsf g} lgjf{x ug'{eof] . o;af6 /fhgLlts ;kmntfdf yk 6]jf k'u]sf] dfGg ;lsG5 .

s]xL r'gf}tL ;+;bLo ultljlw;DaGwL oyfy{ ;dfrf/ hgtf;dIf Jofks ?kdf

;Dk|]if0f ug'{k5{ eGg] s'/fdf ljjfb geP klg of] ljifo r'gf}tLd'Qm eg] 5}g . ;+;b\sf] a}7s sIf / ;ldlt sIf ldl8of d}qL 5}gg\, :yfg cefj 5 . a}7s a:g] ;do / a}7sdf 5nkmn x'g] ljifosf] k"j{hfgsf/L ;+;b\ ;b:o;dIf ;Dk|]if0f ug{ t ufx|f] 5 eg] ;a} ;~rf/sdL{aLr ;dodf g} hfgsf/L u/fpg ;lsg] cj:yf 5}g, h;n] ubf{ kqsf/x? cfjZos tof/L;fy pkl:yt x'g ;Sg] cj:yf b]lv“b}g . ;+;b\ jf ;ldltsf a}7sx? lgwf{l/t ;dodf k|f/De gx'g], a}7s cgfjZos ?kdf nlDag], ;dodf lg0f{o gx'g], lg0f{osf] hfgsf/L kfpg g;lsg] sf/0fn] /ftL ca]nf;Dd klg cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ sfof{nod} a:g afWo x'g'kg]{ kL8f kqsf/x?n] ef]lu/xg'k/]sf] 5 .

;~rf/u[xdf kqsf/x?sf] Jofj;flos ljsf; ug]{ kof{Kt sfo{qmd / of]hgf ePsf] b]lv“b}g . sltko kqsf/x? hLjg lgjf{xsf nflu kof{Kt


kfl/>lds / ;'ljwfsf] vf]hLdf l56f] l56f] Pskl5 csf]{ ;~rf/u[x kl/jt{g ug{ afWo 5g\ . ;ldltsf ;b:o tyf g]t[Tj txsf ;lrjfnosf sd{rf/Lx?n] ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f gu?g\, xfdL cfkm}“n] ;Dk|]if0f ug{ kfP x'GYof] eGg] ;f]r;d]t b]lvG5 . sd{rf/Lx?df klg ;se/ ;a} s'/f uf]Ko /fVg kfP x'GYof] eGg] k/Dk/fut dfGotf 5 . kl/kSj lg0f{o;DaGwL ;"rgf ;Dk|]if0f ubf{ ;+:yfsf] j}wtf cem ;'b[9 x'G5 eGg] af]w ;fj{hlgs kbflwsf/Ldf x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . kqsf/x?nfO{ cTofjZos ;|f]t, ;fwg, kfl/>lds / Joj;fosf] ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg ;lsPsf] 5}g . kqsfl/tfsf] cled'vLs/0f g} 36gfk|wfg jf ;dfrf/d"ns ljifodf eGbf klg eljiojf0fL / ljrf/k|wfg ljifo k:sg]] tkm{ cfslif{t ePsf] b]lvG5 . o;sf] sf/0f Ps} ljifodf b'O{ :yflkt klqsfdf k|sflzt ;dfrf/df Ps?ktf gx'g], k|sflzt ;dfrf/eGbf 7Ls ljk/Lt 36gfx? x'g], ;dfrf/af6 hgdfg;df sf}t"xn / cGof]n dfq l;h{gf x'g], :yflkt ;~rf/dfWoddf ;Dk|]lift ;dfrf/ klg csf]{ ljZj;gLo ;|f]taf6 k'li6 ug'{kg]{ afWotf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . cg'dfgdf cfwfl/t ;dfrf/ cfpg], ;dfrf/df ;Totfsf] c+z Hofb}} Go"g x'g], ;dfrf/sf] ljifoj:t'df Jofks efiffut, ljifout / ;}4flGts q'l6x? ePsf] b]lvG5 . ;~rf/sdL{x? klg cg'zf;g jf cfrf/;+lxtfdf af“lwg OR5's ePsf] kfO“b}g . s'g} sfg'gn] cfˆgf] k];fnfO{ lgodg g} gu/] x'GYof] eGg] rfxgf klg obfsbf k|s6 x'g] u5{ .

lgisif{;+;bLo ultljlwdf ;~rf/ hut\sf] cfsif{0f a9\b} hfg' :jfutof]Uo

5 . ;+;b\sf] kf/blz{tf / v'nfkgsf sf/0f hglxtdf sfd ug{ ;+;b\ ;b:onfO{ bafa k/]sf] 5 . lgu/fgL ug]{ lhDd]jf/L;lxt :yflkt /fHosf lgsfox? eGbf ;~rf/sdL{sf] lgu/fgL cem a9L k|efjsf/L b]lvPsf] 5 . o;nfO{ ;~rf/ If]qn] cfˆgf] ;an kIf 7fGg'k5{ . hgk|ltlglwd"ns

;+;bLo ultljlw;DaGwL oyfy{ ;dfrf/ hgtf;dIf Jofks ?kdf ;Dk|]if0f ug'{k5{ eGg] s'/fdf ljjfb geP klg of] ljifo r'gf}tLd'Qm eg] 5}g . ;+;b\sf] a}7s sIf / ;ldlt

sIf ldl8of d}qL 5}gg\, :yfg cefj 5 .


;+:yfsf ultljlwx?sf] ;Dk|]if0fn] /fhgLlt / hgtfaLrsf] ;DaGw ;'b[9 x'g] s'/fdf låljwf 5}g . of] k|lqmofnfO{ ;xh / k|efjsf/L agfpg b]lvPsf r'gf}tLx?sf] tTsfn ;Daf]wg x'g h?/L 5 . hgk|ltlglwx?n] dof{bf cg's"nsf] Jojxf/ / z}nLnfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 eg] JolQmut q'l6 / sdhf]/LnfO{ ;fdfGoLs/0f u/]/ ;+:yfsf] sdhf]/Lsf ?kdf cf}Nofpg] / k"/} ;+:yfnfO{ d'5\g] Jojxf/ x'g' jf~5gLo x'b}g . ;bgdf k]; ePsf ljw]ossf ljifonfO{ lj:tf/k"j{s ;fj{hlgs 5nkmndf Nofpg / ;bgaf6 s] s] s'/f kl/dfh{g eP / To;sf] sf/0f s] xf] eGg] s'/f ls6fgLsf ;fy hg;dIf Nofpg ;s]df hgtfsf] sfg'g lgdf{0fk|lt rf;f] a9\g]5 eg] ;b:ox?sf] JolQmut :jfy{n] :yfg gkfO{ sfg'gsf] u'0f:t/ j[l4 x'g]5 . ;bgdf z"Go ;do / ljz]if ;dodf s'g s'g ;b:on] s] s] s'/f p7fP eGg] ljifodf Ps Ps l/kf]l6{ª x'g ;s]df dxÎjk"0f{ ljifo p7fpg / To;df ;/sf/ hjfkmb]xL x'g s/ nfUg]5 . of] k|lqmofaf6 d'n'ssf] zf;gdf 7f]; ;'wf/ Nofpg of]ubfg k'Ug]5 . ;+;bLo ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ;fdfGoh:tf] nfu] klg o;nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpbf o;sf] k|efj;d]t ax'cfoflds eP/ hfg] ljZjf; ug{ ;lsG5 .

-9'ª\ufgf sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfnosf ;lrj x'g\ ._


;'zf;g / ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf

;+;b\ / k|]; Pscsf{sf kl/k"/s x'g\ . b'j}sf] p2]Zo b]zdf k|hftGq, dfgj clwsf/, zflGt, l:y/tf, ljsf;, hjfkmb]lxtf, ;'zf;g / kf/blz{tfsf] k|j4{g ug'{ xf] . ;/sf/sf tLg cª\u Joj:yflksf, sfo{kflnsf / Gofokflnsfn] ;fj{hlgs gLltsf] lgdf{0f u5{g\ eg] k|];n] hg;/f]sf/sf ljleGg ;"rgf / ;fdu|L pknAw u/fP/ ;fj{hlgs gLlt lgdf{0fdf 7"nf] ;xof]u u5{ .

:jtGq k|];n] ;/sf/nufot ;fj{hlgs jf lghL If]qsf gLlt, of]hgf / sfd–sf/afxLn] ;j{;fwf/0fsf] hLjgdf s'g} gsf/fTds c;/ kf/]df ;+ljwfg jf sfg'gsf] sfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf sdL–sdhf]/L aflx/ Nofpg] sfd u5{ . o; cy{df ldl8ofn] ;+;b\nfO{ 5nkmn / ax;sf] ljifo klg lbG5 .

;"rgf / k|ljlwdf cfPsf] Jofks qmflGtsf sf/0f ldl8ofsf] k|efj / kx'“rdf Jofks lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . ;zQm k|];n] b]zsf] ;+;b\nfO{ dfq geO{

;f]daxfb'/ yfkf

k|hftGq, hjfkmb]lxtf, kf/blz{tf / dfgj clwsf/sf] w]/} lzIff / ctL{ lbg]

o'/f]ksf] ;+;b\df gePsf] k|]; k|j]z;DaGwL Joj:yf g]kfnsf] k|ltlglw;ef cGtu{tsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltdf ul/Psf] ljifo

;+;f/el/ km}lnof] .


ljZj /fhgLltnfO{ g} t/ª\lut kfg{ ;Sg] tfut /fV5 . vf]h kqsf/x?sf] Ps ;d"xn] ;+o'Qm clw/fHo a]nfotdf ePsf] kgfdf sf08 ;fj{hlgs ul/lbP/ tTsfnLg a]nfotL k|wfgdGqL 8]le8 Sofd?gnfO{ a]nfotsf] ;+;b\leq 3G6f}“;Dd hjfkm lbg afWo dfq kf/]g, ;Dk"0f{ ljZjnfO{ s/ 5Ng] sfddf s:tf s:tf zlQmzfnL JolQm ;+nUg x'“bf /x]5g\ eGg] hfgsf/L klg lbof] . o;n] pRr ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf a;L unt sfd ug]{x?nfO{ ;ts{ / hjfkmb]xL agfpg ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+;b\df klg of] ljifo 5nkmnsf] 7"nf] Ph]G8f ag]sf] lyof] .

Kf|hftflGqs Joj:yfdf ;+;b\ cfkm}“df Ps v'nf / kf/bzL{ ?kdf ;fj{hlgs ;/f]sf/ / gLltsf af/]df 5nkmn ug]{ / sfg'g agfpg] ;+j}wflgs :yn xf] . ;+;b\n] k|];nfO{ cfjZos ;"rgf k|bfg u5{ . Toxf“ x'g] 5nkmn, k|Zgf]Q/, lg0f{o / k|:tfj ldl8ofsf ljifoj:t' x'g\ . ;bgdf k|:t't ljw]osx?sf] cWoog / ljZn]if0f u/L ltgdf /x]sf /fd|f / g/fd|f k|fjwfg phfu/ ug]{ sfd k|];sf] klg xf] . kqsf/n] ;+;b\sf /fd|f–g/fd|f sfdsf] ;dLIff klg u5{g\ . o:tf ;dLIff / ljZn]if0fx? lgikIf, :jtGq / j:t'lgi7 x'g'k5{ . Psflt/ ;fj{hlgs lgsfo cfdhgtfk|lt ;w}“ hjfkmb]xL x'g'kg]{ ;+j}wflgs jfWotf klg 5 eg] csf]{lt/ k|];, lghL tyf u}/;/sf/L If]q klg plQs} ?kdf hjfkmb]xL x'g' h?/L 5 .

lg/ª\s'z k~rfotL Joj:yfdf klg ;+;b\sf ?kdf sfd ug]{ /fli6«o k~rfotsf sltko sfd–sf/afxLx? v'nf lyP . Tolta]nf k|];n] lgolGqt ?kdf :jtGqtfsf] k|of]u ug]{ u/]sf] lyof] . ;+ljwfgdf af]Ng]÷n]Vg] :jtGqtfsf] Joj:yf ul/P klg lgjf{w ?kdf k|of]u ug{ kfO“b}gYof] . clxn]sf] ;ª\3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqfTds zf;g Joj:yfdf k|];n] ;+j}wflgs clwsf/nfO{ lgjf{w ?kdf k|of]u ug{ kfPsf] 5 . o; ;Gbe{df klg k|]; plQs} lhDd]jf/ eP/ k|:t't x'g' h?/L 5 .

;+;b\ / k]|;aLrsf] cGt/;DaGw @)$* ;fnkl5 uf9f aGb} cfPsf] 5 . @)$* sf] cfdlgjf{rgkl5 ul7t k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;efdf 5nkmn tyf ax; v'nf x'Gy] . t/, ;+;bLo ;ldltsf sfd–sf/afxL / 5nkmnx? eg] k|];sf nflu v'nf ul/Psf lyPgg\ . ha lbg]z wldhfnfO{ zfxL g]kfn jfo';]jf lgudsf] o'/f]ksf] xjfO{ l6s6sf] ;]N; Ph]G6 lbg] lg0f{o eof], To;nfO{ ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] 5nkmnsf] ljifo agfof] . Tof] ljifo lgs}


uxg / k]lrnf] aGb} uof] . Tof] lg0f{o tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfsf] lgb]{zgdf ul/Psf] hfgsf/L x'g cfPkl5 pxf“nfO{ klg ;ldltdf af]nfOPsf] lyof] . nfdf] 5nkmnkl5 ;ldlt a}7sdf kqsf/nfO{ k|j]z lbg] lg0f{o eof] . of] lg0f{okl5 ;+;b\ / k|];aLrsf] ;DaGw emg\ uf9f aGg yfNof] . To;} a]nfb]lv xl/axfb'/ yfkf, 6ª\s kGtnufot ;fyLx?n] ;+;bLo kqsf/ ;dfh u7g ug]{ ;f]r agfO{ o;df ;xof]u ug{ ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf ;efklt / ;b:ox?l;t cg'/f]w ug{ yfNg'eof] / cGttM ;+;b\ kl/;/leq ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh u7g klg eof] .

k|];n] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf 5nkmn / lg0f{onfO{ cfdhg;d'bfo;dIf ;xh ?kdf k'¥ofP/ ;+;b\nfO{ 7"nf] u'g nufPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltdf k|];nfO{ k|j]z lbg] ljifodf ;+;b\leq lgs} 7"nf] 5nkmn ePsf] lyof] . t/, o; Joj:yfnfO{ /fS]g] k|of; sxL“st}af6 ePg . c?0f hnljB't\ cfof]hgf :ylut ePkl5 sfnLu08sL hnljB't\ of]hgf klg aGb ug'{k5{ eGg] Ps ;d"x lgs} ;lqmo /x]sf a]nf ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] ;f] of]hgfsf] nfut / nfesf af/]df cWoog u/L k|ltj]bg lbg ;f+;b hfu[tk|;fb e]6jfnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf cWoog pk;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . o;kl5 dfq} ;f] of]hgfsf] sfd cufl8 a9fpg ;ldltn] ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . of] of]hgfsf] sfd ;'? u/fpg] qmddf k|];n] klg lgs} ;sf/fTds e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] lyof] .

k|hftGq, hjfkmb]lxtf, kf/blz{tf / dfgj clwsf/sf] w]/} lzIff / ctL{ lbg] o'/f]ksf] ;+;b\df gePsf] k|]; k|j]z;DaGwL Joj:yf g]kfnsf] k|ltlglw;ef cGtu{tsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltdf ul/Psf] ljifo ;+;f/el/ km}lnof] . o;n] g]kfnsf] uf}/j a9fpg] sfd klg u¥of] . of] lg0f{o blIf0f Pl;ofdf klxnf] aGg k'Uof] eg] o'/f]knfO{ klg lzIff / pbfx/0f lbg] ljifo aGof] . o;kl5 blIf0f Pl;ofsf aª\unfb]z, kfls:tfg / >Lnª\sfn] ;+;bLo ;ldltx?df kqsf/nfO{ k|j]z lbg] ljifodf g]kfnsf] cg';/0f

;a} ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, k|]; tyf lghL / u}/;/sf/L If]q

lhDd]jf/ eP/ k|:t't x'g ;s]] b]zdf k|hftGq, sfg'gsf] zf;g, kf/blz{tf / ;'zf;g ;'b[9 eO{ b]zn] cu|ult lng ;xh x'G5 .


u/] . t/, ef/tsf] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltdf clxn];Dd of] Joj:yf 5}g . ef/tdf ;g\ !(($ df cfof]lht blIf0f Pl;ofnL ;fj{hlgs n]vf

;ldltsf ;efklt tyf ;b:ox?sf] ;Dd]ngsf ;xefuLx?n] g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo ;ldltdf k|];nfO{ lbOPsf] kx'“rsf] d'Qms07n] k|z+;f u/]sf lyP . ef/tsf ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf tTsfnLg ;efklt d'/nLdgf]x/ hf]zLn] cfˆgf] ;ldltdf klg kqsf/nfO{ k|j]z lbg] k|lta4tf;lxtsf] dGtJo /fv]sf lyP .

g]kfndf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ePkl5 Joj:yflksf– ;+;b\ / ;+ljwfg;efsf ;a} ;ldltx?n] cfgf a}7sx? k|];sf nflu v'nf u/]sf lyP . of] Joj:yfkl5 ;ldltdf 5nkmnsf] Ph]G8f p7fpbf / 5nkmn ubf{ ;b:ox? tof/L / cWoog u/L cfpg yfNg'ePsf] 5 . o;n] ;b:ox?sf] Ifdtf / bIftf clej[l4 ug{ clek|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . csf]{lt/ k|];nfO{ klg lhDd]jf/ / hjfkmb]xL eP/ k|:t't x'g lgb]{lzt u/]sf] 5 . ;a} ;fj{hlgs lgsfo, k|]; tyf lghL / u}/;/sf/L If]q lhDd]jf/ eP/ k|:t't x'g ;s]] b]zdf k|hftGq, sfg'gsf] zf;g, kf/blz{tf / ;'zf;g ;'b[9 eO{ b]zn] cu|ult lng ;xh x'G5 . ;'zf;g / ;d[l4n] dfq} u0ftGq, ;ª\3Lo zf;g / ;dfj]lztfn] ;fy{s ?k lng ;S5 .

-yfkf ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf ;lrj x'g\ ._


ljlw Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw

g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] d'n'ssf] ljwflosL clwsf/nfO{ cf–cfˆgf] sfo{If]qleq /xL sfo{ ;Dkfbg ug]{ u/L ;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf ljefhg u/]sf] 5, h; cg';f/ ;ª\3n] th'{df u/]sf] sfg'gsf] k|lts"n gx'g] u/L k|b]z;efn] sfg'g agfpg'kg]{ / k|b]z;efn] agfPsf] sfg'g ;ª\3Lo sfg'g;“u aflemPsf] cj:yfdf ab/ x'g] ;d]tsf] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . zlQm k[ysLs/0fsf] l;4fGt cg'?k ljlw lgdf{0f;DaGwL sfo{ ;+;b\n], ljlw sfof{Gjog;DaGwL sfo{ sfo{kflnsfn] / To;sf] JofVof ug]{ sfo{ Gofokflnsfn] ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ljwflosL k|lqmofnfO{ gdg / s7f]/ ?kdf JofVof ug{ ;lsG5 . olb P]]g lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmofnfO{ dfq kl/eflift ug]{ xf] eg] To;nfO{ s7f]/ ?kdf lng'kg]{ x'G5 . gdgkgdf JofVof ug]{ xf] eg] P]g, lgod, ljlgod, cfb]z / lgb]{lzsf th'{df;d]tnfO{ ljwflosL k|lqmofdf lng'kg]{ x'G5 .

sfg'g lgdf{0f cfk}“mdf hl6n, af]lemnf], nfdf] ;do lng] / a9L vr{ nfUg] ljifo xf] . ljlw lgdf{0fdf lglZrt k|lqmof / ljlw cjnDag ug'{kg]{

d's'Gb zdf{

hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx?n] th'{df ug]{ sfg'g / k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ cGtu{t sfo{sfl/0fLn] th'{df ug]{ sfg'g

th'{dfsf] k|lqmof / ljlwdf ljljwtf kfOG5 .


x'G5 . o;df klg hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx?n] th'{df ug]{ sfg'g / k|Tofof]lht clwsf/ cGtu{t sfo{sfl/0fLn] th'{df ug]{ sfg'g th'{dfsf] k|lqmof / ljlwdf ljljwtf kfOG5 . ljlw lgdf{0f k|lqmof a9L cf}krfl/s, kf/bzL{ x'G5 eg] k|Tofof]lht Joj:yf cg'?k th'{df x'g] ljlw lgdf{0f sfo{ eg] cgf}krfl/s Pjd\ ckf/bzL{ x'g] u5{ . ljlw lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf] k|f/De ljz]iftM sfo{kflnsfaf6 x'g] u5{ . t;y{, oxf“ g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgn] kl/sNkgf u/]sf] ;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] th'{df ug]{ ljlw lgdf{0f k|lqmofsf ;Gbe{df rrf{ gu/L ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ?kfGtl/s Joj:yflksf–;+;b\af6 x'g] ljlw Joj:yfkg sfo{nfO{ ;d]6\g] k|of; ul/Psf] 5 . To;/L g} sfo{kflnsfaf6 x'g] ljlw th'{df ljifonfO{ rrf{ gu/L Joj:yflksf–;+;b\;dIf k]; ug{sf nflu Joj:yflksf–;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf] ljw]os zfvfdf ljw]os btf{ ePkl5 ;DdfggLo /fi6«kltn] k|dfl0ft u/L P]gsf] ?k u|x0f ug]{ cj:yf;Ddsf] ljifodf dfq ;ª\If]kdf rrf{ ug]{ hdsf]{ ul/Psf] 5 .

ljw]ossf] kl/ro / k|sf/ kl/ro M P]g th'{dfsf nflu ;+;b\df k]; ul/Psf] s'g} klg ljifosf]

lnlvt d:of}bfnfO{ ljw]os elgG5 .

ljw]ossf k|sf/;/sf/L ljw]os÷u}/;/sf/L ljw]os M cy{, g]kfnL ;]gf, g]kfn k|x/L jf

;z:q k|x/L jn, g]kfnnufotsf ;'/Iff lgsfo ;DalGwt ljw]os ;/sf/L ljw]ossf ?kdf dfq Joj:yflksf ;+;b\df k]; x'g ;Sg] .

cy{ ljw]os÷;fwf/0f ljw]os

d"n ljw]os÷cfl>t ljw]os

gof“ ljw]os÷;+zf]wg ljw]os

cWofb]znfO{ k|lt:yfkg ug{] ljw]os

ljw]os th{'df ljlw M -sfo{kflnsfaf6 x'g] sfo{_ M

;+;b\ k|j]zsf] k"jf{j:yf

cfjZostf / sf/0f


u[xsfo{, gLlt / ljlw lgdf{0f

sfg'gL k/fdz{

g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb\_sf] ;}4flGts :jLs[lt

d:of}bf lgdf{0f

ljw]os Joj:yflksf ;+;b\df k]; ug{ g]kfn ;/sf/ -dlGqkl/ifb\_sf] :jLs[lt

;+;b\df k]; ug{ Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ ;lrjfnodf btf{

ljw]os P]g aGg] k|lqmof

;bgdf ljw]ossf] k|:t'lt, 5nkmn / ;+zf]wg

;bgaf6 kfl/t

/fi6«fWoIfaf6 :jLs[lt

k|sfzg

Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw M -ljw]os P]g aGg] k|lqmof;“u ;DalGwt_

ljw]os k|:t't ug{] cg'dltsf nflu ;"rgf,

;"rgfsf ;fy cfjZos sfuhftx? M p2]Zo / sf/0f;lxtsf] ljj/0f

JofVofTds l6Kk0fL, -k'gM:yflkt Joj:yflksf ;+;b\af6 lgdf{0f ePsf] lgodfjnLn] gof“ Joj:yf u/]sf]_

cfly{s l6Kk0fL, -;/sf/n] P]g sfof{Gjogsf nflu ;fnj;fnL jf k6Ss} vr{ ljlgof]hg ug'{kg]{ eP ;f]sf] cg'dflgt vr{ /sd pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0f_

k|Tofof]hg Joj:yfkg af/]sf] l6Kk0fL, -sfg'g agfpg] ;+;b\sf] clwsf/ ;/sf/nfO{ k|Tofof]hg ug'{kg]{ P]gsf] xsdf k|s[lt, ;Ldf / kg{ ;Sg] k|efj pNn]v ePsf] ljj/0f

;+zf]wg ljw]ossf ?kdf tLg dxn] ljj/0f cfjZos kg]{


ljBdfg sfg'gL Joj:yf

;+zf]wg ug{ vf]h]sf] ljifo

;+zf]wg ug{'kg{] sf/0f

cGo k|lqmofx? ;fdfGo ljw]os;/x x'g] .

btf{ M Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ ;lrjfno ljw]os zfvfdf

cfGtl/s ljt/0f M -;"rgf cfGtl/s ;Dk|]if0f_

ljt/0f M ;bgdf k]; ug'{eGbf Go"gtd klg b'O{ lbgcufj} ;b:ox?nfO{ ljt/0f ug'{kg]{

kl/kSjtf M ;bgdf k]; ug'{eGbf ;/sf/L ljw]os sDtLdf kf“r lbg / u}/;/sf/L ljw]os ;ft lbgcufj} ;lrjfnodf k|fKt eO;Sg'kg]{

sfo{;"rLdf k|j]z M ;/sf/sf] k|fyldstf / ;bgsf] sfo{af]emsf cfwf/df

lj/f]wsf] ;"rgf M lj/f]wsf] ;"rgf btf{ ug{ rfxg] ;b:on] ;bgdf ljw]os k]; ug]{ lbgeGbf Ps lbgcufj} ;lrjfnodf btf{ ug'{kg]{

ljw]ossf] cg'dlt dfUg] k|:tfj / lj/f]w lj/f]wsf] ;"rgf k|fKt ePsf] eP lj/f]wstf{ ;b:onfO{ / ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:onfO{ ;ª\lIfKt dGtJo /fVg lbO{ c? 5nkmn x'g glbO{ lg0f{ofy{ k]; ug]{, lj/f]wsf] ;"rgf kfl/t ePdf ljw]ossf] sfd–sf/afxL ToxL cGTo x'g]

cg'dlt k|fKt ePdf

ljw]osdfly ljrf/ ul/of];\ . jf,

ljw]osnfO{ hgtfsf] k|ltlqmof k|fKt ug{sf nflu k|rf/ ul/of];\ .

cGo s'g} ;b:on] dfly pNn]lvt k|:tfjx?dWo] ljsNksf nflu k|:tfj k]; ug{ ;Sg] .


;fdfGo 5nkmn

ljw]osdfly ljrf/ ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj :jLs[t ePdf ljw]ossf] ;}4flGts kIfdf dfq 5nkmn ul/g] .

ljw]osnfO{ hgtfsf] k|ltlqmof k|fKt ug{sf nflu k|rf/ ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj :jLs[t ePdf ;lrj jf dxf;lrjn] /fo ;ª\sng ug{] .

• ljw]osnfO{ /fhkqdf k|sflzt ug{] .

• cGo pko'Qm dfWoodaf6 k|rf/k|;f/ ug{] .

• hgdtsf] k|ltlqmof k|fKt ug{] k|lqmof ;efd'vn] tf]Sg] .

• hgtfaf6 ;ª\slnt /fo ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:onfO{ dxf;lrj jf ;lrjn] pknAw u/fpg] .

• k|fKt ePsf] /fo ;+nUg u/L k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] ljw]osdfly ;bgdf ljrf/ ul/of];\ egL k|:tfj k|:t't ug{] .

ljw]osdf ;+zf]wg

;fdfGo 5nkmn ePsf] &@ 3G6fleq ;+zf]wg k]; ug{] ;"rgf hf/L ug{] .

plNnlvt ;doleq ;+zf]wg;DaGwL ;t{sf] clwgdf /xL lgod;ª\ut k|fKt ;+zf]wgx? ;efd'vaf6 :jLs[lt u/fO{ qmda4 ?kn] PsLs[t u/L ;+zf]wg k|ltsf] ;"rL;lxtsf] ljj/0f tof/ u/L ljt/0f ug{] .

;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg;DaGwL ljw]ossf] xsdf eg] h'g wf/f, pkwf/f, v08, pkv08 jf :ki6Ls/0f hxf“ ;+zf]wg k|:tfj ul/Psf] 5, ;f]xL a'“bfdf dfq ;+zf]wg k|:tfj k]; x'g'kg]{ .

;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg;DaGwL ljw]os ljifout ;ldltdf geO{ ;bgsf] cg'dltdf ul7t ljz]if ;ldltdf bkmfjf/ 5nkmn eO{ ;bgaf6 Joj:yflksf ;+;b\df tTsfn sfod /x]sf ;Dk"0f{ ;b:o ;ª\Vofsf] sDtLdf b'O{ ltxfO ;b:ox?sf] ax'dtaf6 :jLs[t x'g'kg]{ / of] sfo{ dt ljefhgåf/f x'g] . cGo ljw]os ;fdfGo ax'dtaf6 kfl/t


x'g] .

ljw]osdf bkmfjf/ 5nkmn -;ef÷;ldlt_

bkmfsf] qmd cg';f/ 5nkmn x'g] t/ ;do / ldtJolotfsf sf/0f cl3kl5 5nkmndf /fVg jf s'g} bkmfnfO{ d'ntjL /fVg ;lsg] .

5nkmnaf6 oyfjt\ sfod /x]sf] jf ;+zf]wgaf6 :jLsf/ u/]sf] k|To]s bkmfnfO{ ljw]ossf] cª\u agf];\ eg]/ k|:tfj lg0f{ofy{ k]; ug{] .

;+zf]wg k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] ;bgsf] cg'dlt lnO{ cfkm"n] k]; u/]sf] ;+zf]wg lkmtf{ lng ;Sg] . t/, s'g} ;+zf]wgdfly ;+zf]wg k|:t't eO;s]sf] cj:yfdf ;f]sf] 6'ª\uf] nfu]kl5 dfq lkmtf{ lng ;lsg] .

bkmfjf/ 5nkmnkl5 cg';"rLdflysf] 5nkmn u/L lg0f{o ug{] .

ljw]ossf] bkmf / cg';"rLsf] 5nkmn ;dfKt eO;s]kl5 ljw]ossf] k|:tfjgf / gfd;DaGwL bkmfnfO{ ljw]ossf] cª\u agfOof];\ eg]/ k|:tfj ug{] .

ljifout ;ldlt

hl6n ljifoj:t'sf] ljw]os, Jofks ;+zf]wg k|fKt ePsf] ljw]os, lj1 / ljz]if1x?sf] /fo;'emfj cfjZos kg{] ljw]osx?nfO{ ;bgn] bkmfjf/ 5nkmnsf nflu ;Dal-Gwt ;ldltdf -;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltafx]s_ k7fOg], k|fKt ;+zf]wgx?;d]tsf cfwf/df bkmfjf/ 5nkmn ul/g] .

;bgdf eGbf ljifout ;ldltdf bkmfjf/ 5nkmn ubf{ ljw]os a9L kl/:s[t / ;d[4 aGg ;Sg] .

cfjZostfg';f/ pk;ldlt;d]t u7g u/L Jofks 5nkmn ul/g] . lj1, ljz]if1x?;“usf] ;Nnfx lng ;Sg] ePsf] ;d:ofsf] d"n h/f]sf] klxrfg eO{ ;dfwfgdf ;xof]u k'Ug] .

;ldltn] ;a} ;+zf]wgsf ljifodf 6'ª\uf] nufO;s]kl5 ;bgdf k|ltj]bg k]; ug{] .


ljw]os lkmtf{ lng ;lsg]

ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] Ps lbgcufj} ;"rgf lbO{ ljw]os lkmtf{ lng ;Sg] .

;ldltdf ljrf/fwLg ljw]ossf] xsdf lkmtf{ lng rfx]df ;f]xL a]xf]/fsf] k|ltj]bg ;ldltn] ;efdf k]; ug'{kg]{ .

ljw]os lkmtf{ lng] k|:tfjsf] s;}n] lj/f]w u/]df b'j}sf egfO /fVg nufO{ lg0f{ofy{ k]; u/L ePsf] lg0f{ofg';f/sf] sfdsf/afxL cufl8 a9fpg]

;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg

;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg k]; ePkl5 ;efd'vn] cGoyf cfb]z lbPdf afx]s @$ 3G6fkl5 ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] lgDg k|:tfjx? /fVg ;Sg] M

k|ltj]bg;lxtsf] ljw]osdfly 5nkmn ul/of];\ .

s'g} bkmf jf bkmfx?nfO{ ljrf/fy{ k'gM ;DalGwt ;ld-ltdf k7fOof];\ eGg] .

k|ltj]bg;lxtsf] ljw]osdfly 5nkmn ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj :jLs[t ePdf k|ltj]bgdf plNnlvt bkmfx?df dfq 5nkmn x'g] .

s'g} bkmf jf bkmfx?sf ;DaGwdf k'gM ljrf/fy{ lgb]{zg;lxt ;ldltdf k7fOof];\ eGg] kfl/t k|:tfj cg'?k k|fKt ljw]os / k|ltj]bgdfly ;DalGwt ;ldltn] oyfzL3| ljrf/ u/L ;bg;dIf k|ltj]bg k]; ug'{kg]{ .

ljw]os kfl/t

;efdf bkmfjf/ 5nkmn ePsf] xsdf ;f] ;lsPkl5 jf ;ld-ltdf bkmfjf/ 5nkmn ePsfdf ;f]sf] k|ltj]bgdflysf] 5nkmn ;dfKt eO;s]kl5 ljw]os k|:t'tstf{ ;b:on] ljw]os kfl/t ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj k]; ug{] / ax'dtaf6 kfl/t x'g] .


ljlgof]hg tyf cy{ ljw]os;DaGwL Joj:yfksLo sfo{

k|To]s jif{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] k|:t't ug]{ /fh:j / Joosf] cg'dfg;DaGwL ljifo;“u ;DalGwt ljlgof]hg ljw]os, k]:sL vr{ ljw]os, cfly{s ljw]os, k'/s ljlgof]hg ljw]os / pwf/f] vr{ ljw]os;DaGwL Joj:yfkg sfo{ljlw eg] pk/f]Qm ljlw Joj:yfkg;DaGwL k|lqmofeGbf leGg k|s[ltsf] /x]sf] 5, h; cg'?k ;efd'vn] k|wfgdGqL jf lghsf] cg'kl:yltdf lghn] tf]s]sf] cGo s'g} dGqL;“u k/fdz{ u/L ljlgof]hg ljw]os / cfly{s ljw]ossf xsdf 5nkmnsf] lbg / ;do tf]Sg] / cGosf] xsdf ;efd'vn] pko'Qm 7x¥ofPsf] sfo{ljlw ckgfpg ;Sg] Joj:yf ePsfn] ;f]xL cg'?ksf] sfo{ ;~rfng x'g] u/]sf] b]lvG5 .

ljw]os kfl/t eO;s]kl5sf] k|lqmof

;+zf]wgnfO{ ljw]osdf ;dfj]z ug{] .

cfg'j+lifs ;'wf/ ug{'kg{] eP ;f] sfo{ ug]{ .

k|df0fLs/0f k|lt tof/ ug{] .

;efd'vaf6 k|dfl0ft .

/fi6«kltaf6 k|df0fLs/0f x'g] . -k|df0fLs/0fkl5 ljw]os P]gsf] ?kdf ?kfGt/0f x'g] ._

k|dfl0ft ePsf] ;"rgf ;bgnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg] jf ;"rgf hf/L ug{] .

/fhkqdf k|sflzt ug]{ . of] sfo{ eg] sfg'g Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfnon] ;DkGg ug{] .


gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] klxnf] jif{

hglgjf{lrt ;+;b\åf/f hf/L ePsf] gof“ ;+ljwfgn] Ps jif{ Joltt u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efåf/f ;+ljwfg aGg'sf] d"ne"t p2]Zo, dxÎj / k|efjsf] Ps dfq cy{ xf]– ;+ljwfgeGbf dfly sf]xL 5}g . sfg'gsf] zf;gnfO{ kl/eflift ubf{ k|of]u ul/g] Pp6f k|l;4 egfO 5– …ltdL hlt;'s} dfly xf]pm t/ ltdLeGbf dfly hlxn] klg sfg'g x'G5 .Ú ;+ljwfg;efn] agfPsf] ;+ljwfgeGbf dfly sf]xL klg gx'g] ePsfn] g]kfnsf] ;+j}wflgs / ;+;bLo Oltxf;df o;sf] o'uLg cy{ / dxÎj 5 . gof“ ;+ljwfgn] ;+;b\nfO{ zlQmzfnL agfPsf] dfq 5}g, pTs[i6 ;+;bLo cEof;sf] ck]Iff u/]sf] 5 . lxhf]sf] ;+;b\ ;+ljwfg;efåf/f agfPsf] ;+ljwfgsf] clwg:t lyPg . s'g} g s'g} ?kdf ;+;b\dfly /fi6«fWoIfsf] lgoGq0f sfod lyof] . t/, of] ;+ljwfg cGtu{tsf] ;+;b\ olt w]/} ;fj{ef}d 5 ls o;n] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @&$ df pNn]lvt g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstf, ef}uf]lns cv08tf, :jfwLgtf / hgtfdf lglxt ;fj{ef}d;Qfafx]s of] ;+ljwfgnfO{ k"0f{ ?kdf ;+zf]wg ug{ ;S5 . ;+;b\n] /fi6«fWoIfnufot ;a} ;+j}wflgs lgsfosf k|d'vx?nfO{

6Lsf/fd e§/fO{

;Qf l6sfpg] gfddf h'g;'s} x}l;ot ePsf, hlt;'s} :yfg ePsf bnx?;“u klg ;xdlt ug'{kg]{ afWotfsf aLr 7"nf] cfsf/sf] ;/sf/ agfP/ bnx? hgtfsf] aLrdf cfnf]Ro dfq ePsf 5}gg\, o:tf] sfo{n] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf]

pkxf;;d]t u/]sf] 5 .


avf{:t ug{ ;S5 . zlQm k[ysLs/0fsf] l;4fGt cg'?ksf ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfgx? o;sf cGt/lglxt ;Ldfx? x'g\ . To;b]lv afx]s of] ;+ljwfgn] ;+;b\nfO{ cTolws zlQmzfnL / ;fj{ef}d agfPsf] 5 . of] zlQmzfnL / ;fj{ef}ldstfsf] cEof; ug]{ Ifdtf / sf}zn xfd|f] ;+;b\n] k|bz{g ug{ ;S5 ls ;Sb}g < Tof] cfufdL cEof;af6 k'li6 x'g] g} 5 . of] Ps jif{sf] 5f]6f] / ;+qmd0fsfnLg cEof;nfO{ dfq x]/]/ clxn] g} gsf/fTds l6Kk0fL ug'{ xtf/ x'g]5 . t/, olt eGg ;lsG5– Ps jif]{ ;+;bLo cEof; s}of}“ cfnf]rgf / l6Kk0fLsf aLrdf ;sf/fTds lbzftkm{ pGd'v 5 . clxn]sf] Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ cfufdL @)&$ df3 & leq k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;ef;lxtsf] ;ª\3Lo ;+;b\df ?kfGtl/t ePkZrft\ dfq gof“ ;+;bLo cEof; ;'? x'g] ePsfn] l;ª\uf] d'n'sn] Tof] If0fsf] Jou| k|tLIff ul//x]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] ;+j}wflgs / ;+;bLo cEof;n] Ps jif{ k"/f u/]sf] cj;/df of] cjlwsf] ;dLIff u/]/ cfufdL af6f] to ug'{ h?/L 5 .

gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] k|;j j]bgf gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] cfjZostf tLgj6f r/0fdf dx;'; ul/g] ljZjJofkL

cEof; / ;+j}wflgs ljlwzf:qsf] dfGotf 5M qmflGt jf kl/jt{gåf/f k'/fgf] ;Qfsf] lj36g / gof“ ;Qfsf] ;'?cft ePsf] cj:yfdf, hgdt;ª\u|xåf/f hgtfn] gof“ ;+ljwfg dfu u/]sf] cj:yfdf / k|ltqmflGt, k|ltudg jf ;}lgs s" ePsf] cj:yfdf . oLdWo] g]kfndf hgtfn] hgcfGbf]ngsf dfWodåf/f /fhtGqsf] cGTo / u0ftGqsf] :yfkgf ug]{ nIo /fv] cg'?k gof“ ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . o; cj:yfdf k'Ugsf nflu d'n'ssf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs / ;f+:s[lts cj:yfn] dfu u/]sf] kl/jt{g sf/s tÎj lyof] . Tof] sf/s tÎjnfO{ ;z:q cfGbf]ng / zflGtk"0f{ hgcfGbf]ngn] k|:km'6g;Dd u/]sf] lyof] . /fhtGqsf] /fhgLlts cfj/0fdf ;'/lIft x“'b} cfPsf] g]kfnsf] hh{/ / ;fdGtjfbL cy{ Joj:yf / ha/h:t x's+{b} u/]sf] k“'hLjfbL cy{ Joj:yfsf] aLrdf ePsf] 6Ss/sf] kl/0ffd g} @)^@÷^# sf] hgqmflGt lyof] . ToxL hgqmflGtsf] hudf ag]sf] ;+ljwfg;efn] ;+ljwfg agfpg cf7 jif]{ nfdf] ;s;k"0f{ ofqf kf/ ug'{k/]sf] lyof] . nf]stflGqs ljlw / k|lqmof cg'?ksf] ofqf kf/ u/]/ ag]sf] of] ;+ljwfg cfkm}“df g]kfnsf nflu uf}/jk"0f{ 36gf / ljZjs} nflu cg's/0fLo cEof; xf] .


/fi6«sf] hLjg / :jod\ ;+ljwfgsf] hLjgdf of] Ps jif]{ cjlw ;f/e"t ?kdf d"Nofª\sg ug]{] cjlw g} xf]Og lsgeg] of] afNosfn g} xf] . Ps jif]{ afNosfnsf] ;+ljwfg?kL lzz'n] w]/} cfqmd0fsf] ;fdgf ug'{k¥of] . tyflk, p;sf] hLjg ca hf]lvdaf6 eg] aflx/ cfO;s]sf] 5 . of] Ps jif{sf] ;aeGbf 7"nf] pknlAw oxL g} xf] . x'g t ue{df 5“bfb]lv g} of] lzz'sf] hGd jf afNosfnsf] ;Defljt hf]lvdaf/] cg]s cfzª\sf ljBdfg lyP . ;+;f/df lj/n} x'g] u/]sf] cToGt u}/s"6gLlts tl/sf / k~rzLnsf] l;4fGt ljk/Lt g]kfnsf] ;fj{ef}ldstfdf cf“r cfpg] u/L l5d]sL d'n's;d]t of] ;+ljwfg ut ;fn c;f]h # ut] hf/L gug{÷gu/fpg ljz]if b"t k7fP/ g} ;lqmo /x]sf] lyof] . g]kfnL hgtf / k|d'v bnx?sf] ;'ema'emn] of] ;+ljwfg hf/L u/];“u} tL ;a} ;Defjgf / cfzª\sfx? qmdzM dTy/ x'“b} uP . of] Ps jif]{ cjlwn] tL tdfd cfzª\sf / hf]lvdo'Qm ;DefjgfnfO{ Ps k|sf/sf] hjfkm lbO;s]sf] 5 . ca o;sf] :jfldTjsf] k|Zg sl/a–sl/a cGTo ePsf] 5 . t;y{, of] Ps jif]{ cjlwnfO{ dxÎjk"0f{ pknlAwsf ?kdf lnOg'k5{ .

;+ljwfgsf] :jLsfo{tf ;+ljwfg hf/L ePnuQ} o;n] kl/sNkgf u/]sf /fHosf cfwf/e"t

;+/rgfx? tTsfn} lgdf{0f eO{ cEof;df cfO;s]sf 5g\ . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @(^ adf]lhd ;+ljwfg;ef Joj:yflksf ;+;b\df ?kfGt/0f x'g', ;+;b\af6 /fi6«klt, pk/fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqL, ;efd'v, pk;efd'vsf] rog x'g' / ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k|wfgGofofwLzsf] ;§f g]kfnsf] k|wfgGofofwLz;lxtsf] Gofokflnsfsf] :yfkgf x'g'n] of] ;+ljwfg tTsfn} sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf k|j]z u/]sf] lyof] .

To;} u/L ldq/fi6« ef/tsf] s]xL c;Gt'li6sf aLr ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;ª\3nufot k|foM ;a} ljb]zL d'n'sn] tTsfn} of] ;+ljwfgsf] :jfut / ;dy{g u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx? ;a}n] g]kfnL hgtfsf] lg0f{onfO{ ;Ddfg u/]sf] tYon] ;+ljwfgsf] dfGotf -l/slUg;g_ sf] ;DaGwdf p7]sf] k|Zg klg tTsfn} ;Daf]wg eO;s]sf] lyof] .

;+ljwfg;efleq /x]sf t/ ;+ljwfg hf/L ubf{ alxisf/ u/]sf jf ;+ljwfgsf] d:of}bfdf x:tfIf/ gu/]sf ;ef;b jf bnx?n] klg cGttM of] ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkZrft k|wfgdGqLsf] klxnf] / bf];|f] lgjf{rgdf


;xefuL eP/ ;+j}wflgs cEof;nfO{ cfTd;ft\ u/]sf 5g\ . ;+ljwfgsf] k'gn{]vg jf c:jLsfo{tfsf] dfu /fv]sf bnx?;d]t ;+ljwfg cGtu{tsf] ;+;bLo cEof;df lg/Gt/ ;xefuL x'g' ;+ljwfg :jLsfo{tfsf] b[li6sf]0fn] pNn]vgLo kIf xf] . o;af6 of] ;+ljwfgn] cfˆgf] :jLsfo{tfsf] bfo/f a9fpg] Ifdtf /fv]sf] /x]5 eGg] ;d]t :yflkt ePsf] 5 .

;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7s jf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf a}7sx?df ;+;b\leqsf ;a} bn ;xefuL eP/ ;+;bLo cEof;nfO{ :jLsf/ u/]sfn] of] ;+ljwfgn] cfˆgf] :jLsfo{tfsf ljkIfdf p7]sf dtx?nfO{ qmdzM dTy/ kfb}{ nu]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 c;Gt'li6 hgfpb} ;+;b\af6 /fhLgfdfsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf ;ef;b\x?n] ;d]t k"j{jt\ ?kdf ;+;bLo cEof;df ;l/s eP/ ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogdf ;xof]u u/L /x]sf 5g\ .

;+ljwfg hf/L ePkZrft\ ;+;b\n] b'O{j6f k|wfgdGqLsf] lgjf{rg u/]/ sfo{kflnsfnfO{ ;+;b\k|lt pQ/bfoL / hjfkmb]xL agfPsf] 5 . bnx?aLrsf cfk;L cGt/lj/f]w / u'gf;fx? ;/sf/sf] km]/abndfkm{t ;+;b\n] g} xn u/]/ ;a} k|sf/sf] ljjfbsf] ;dfwfg ug]{ ynf] ;+;b\ g} xf] eGg] ;+;bLo dfGotfnfO{ :yflkt u/]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfgn] kl/sNkgf u/] cg'?ksf] ;+;bLo ;''g'jfO;DaGwL k|lqmof kf/ u/]/ gof“ k|wfgGofofwLz, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLzx?, s]xL ;+j}wflgs cª\usf kbflwsf/L / ljleGg d'n'ssf /fhb"tx?sf] lgo'lQmnufotsf tYon] ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjogn] ult lnPsf] b]vfp“5 .

g]kfnsf] ;+j}wflgs cEof;d} gf}nf] dflgPsf] ;+j}wflgs Ohnf;sf] u7g ePsf] 5 . xfn;Dd pQm Ohnf;df btf{ ePsf ! ;o *! j6f d'2fdWo] #% j6fdf Goflos lg?k0f eO;s]sf] 5 eg] ! ;o $^ j6f d'2f ljrf/fwLg 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;“u aflemPsf sfg'g ;+zf]wg jf vf/]h geP klg ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #)$ n] ;ª\3Lo ;+;b\sf] k|yd clwj]zg a;]sf] ldltn] Ps jif{;Dd sfod /xg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . t/, ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] Goflos ;lqmotfsf] dfWodaf6 Ps jif{{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L s}b ;hfo dfu eO{ cw{Goflos lgsfodf ljrf/fwLg kmf}hbf/L d'2fx? tTsfn} lhNnf cbfntdf ;g]{ km};nf u/]/ gof“ ;+ljwfgsf] efjgfnfO{ tTsfn} sfof{Gjogdf NofPsf] 5 . xfn b]zsf s'g} klg cw{ Goflos lgsfodf Ps jif{eGbf a9L s}b ;hfo dfu ul/Psf kmf}hbf/L d'2fx? ljrf/fwLg 5}gg\ . To:tf d'2fx? ;a} ;DalGwt 7fp“sf lhNnf cbfntdf ;l/;s]sf 5g\ .


GofokflnsfnfO{ ;ª\3Los/0f ug]{ Ps jif]{ ;+j}wflgs ;Ldf cg'?k ;+;b\af6 ut ebf} @^ ut] Gofok|zf;g P]g, Gofokl/ifb\ P]g, Gofo ;]jf cfof]u P]g / To;cl3 g} ;jf]{RRf cbfnt P]g kfl/t eO;s]sf] 5 . /fHosf tLg cª\udWo] Gofokflnsf ;a}eGbf klxn] k"0f{ ?kdf ;ª\3Los/0f x'g] /fHosf] k|d'v cª\u ePsf] 5 . /fHosf tLg} cª\unfO{ ;ª\3Los/0f ug{ cfjZos kg]{ sfg'gsf] klxrfg u/L cfjZos sfg'g th'{df ug]{ k|of]hgsf nflu sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo dfldnf dGqfno tyf ;f] dGqfnodf /x]sf] lj1 ;d"x lg/Gt/ lqmofzLn 5 . o;n] ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog ug{ cfjZos sfg'gsf] k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f / sltko sfg'gsf] d:of}bf;d]t tof/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]un] /fHfgLlts bn;DaGwL P]g / lgjf{rg cfof]u P]gsf] d:of}bf u/L ;/sf/;dIf k]; ul/;s]sf] 5 .

;+ljwfg hf/L x'“bf ;dfg'kflts ;dfj]zL l;4fGtnfO{ c:jLsf/ ul/Psf] eGg] dw]; s]lGb|t bnx?sf] dfunfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;+;b\n] ;+ljwfgsf] k|yd ;+zf]wg ub{} @)&@ kmfu'g !^ b]lv sfof{Gjog;d]t eO;s]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f $@, *$ / wf/f @*^ df ul/Psf] ;+zf]wgaf6 t/fO{–dw];df p7]sf s]xL dxÎjk"0f{ dfusf] ;Daf]wg ePsf] 5 .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @(* adf]lhd u7g ePsf] ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg ;/sf/ ;+;b\df cNkdtdf kg]{ b]lvPkl5 csf]{ ;/sf/ u7g ug{ ;+j}wflgs cGof]n / /fhgLlts ljjfb pTkGg eof] . To;nfO{ lrg{ tTsfnLg dlGqkl/ifb\n] u/]sf] l;kmfl/; cg';f/ /fi6«kltaf6 ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f #)% adf]lhd afwf c8\sfp cfb]z hf/L ePsf] lyof] . gof“ ;/sf/ u7gsf nflu To:tf] cfb]z cfjZos 5÷5}g eGg]df ljeflht ePsf bnx?n] pQm cfb]znfO{ ;+;b\af6 ;j{;Ddt cg'df]bg u/]sf 5g\ .

cg]sg c;xdlt / lj/f]wsf aLr sl/a () k|ltzt hgdtsf]

k|ltlglwTj ug]{ k|d'v tLg /fhgLlts bn ;+ljwfg hf/L

ug{ ;xdt ePsf sf/0fn] g} of] ;+ljwfg hf/L ePsf] lyof] . t/, ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf tL bnsf aLrdf cljZjf; /

c:j:Yo k|lt:kwf{sf] jftfj/0f pTkGg ePsf] 5 .


;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] ;do;Ldf / k|ult ;+ljwfgn] g} ;+j}wflgs k|fjwfgsf] sfof{Gjogsf] r/0f / ljleGg ;Ldf

lgwf{/0f u/]sf] 5 . tLdWo] lgwf{l/t ;dofg';f/ sltko tTsfn} / :jtM sfof{Gjog x'g] vfnsf 5g\ eg] sltko Joj:yf sfof{Gjogsf nflu ̂ dlxgf / s]xL Joj:yf Ps jif{leq sfof{Gjogdf Nofpg'kg]{ ;Ldf lgwf{l/t 5g\ . tLdWo] tTsfn} sfof{Gjog x'g] k|s[ltsf wf/fx? sfof{Gjog eO{ lqmofzLn eO;s]sf 5g\ . ^ dlxgfleq u7g ul/;Sg'kg]{ :yfgLo tx k'gM;+/rgf cfof]u / Ps jif{leq u7g ul/;Sg'kg]{ efiff cfof]u ag]sf 5g\ .

sltko rflx“ ;Ldf gtf]lsPsf ;+j}wflgs Joj:yfx? 5g\ . t/, k|s[ltsf cfwf/df tL wf/f oxL ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf g} sfof{Gjog x'g'kg]{ b]lvG5 . tLdWo] wf/f @(% adf]lhd k|b]zx?sf] ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ug{ Ps cfof]u aGg'kg]{ x'G5 . /fhgLlts bnx?aLr k|b]zsf] ;Ldf / ;ª\Vofaf/]] ljjfb sfod} 5 . oxL ljjfbsf] lg?k0f ug{ sNkgf ul/Psf] cfof]u u7g ePsf] 5}g . s]=kL= zdf{ cf]nL k|wfgdGqL ePsf avtdf tTsfnLg pk–k|wfgdGqL sdn yfkfsf] cWoIftfdf of] cfof]usf] 3f]if0ff eP klg o;n] k"0f{tf kfPg / ;+ljwfgk|lt c;Gt'i6 bnx?n] o;nfO{ :jLsf/ klg u/]gg\ .

;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @*^ adf]lhd k|ltlglw;ef / k|b]z;efsf] lgjf{rg k|of]hgsf nflu If]q lgwf{/0f cfof]u aGg'k5{ . of] cfof]u agfpg cnUu} sfg'g aGg' clgjfo{ 5 . t/, of] sfo{ ug{ xfn;Dd s'g} u[xsfo{ ePsf] b]lv“b}g . of] cfof]u ag]/ If]q lgwf{/0f geP;Dd k|fb]lzs / ;ª\3Lo ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rg ;Dej x'“b}g . ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f @(^ adf]lhd cfufdL @)&$ df3 & ut];Dd :yfgLo tx, k|b]z;ef / ;ª\3Lo ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rg eO{ ;Sg'k5{ . ;ª\qmd0fsfnsf] of] d"ne"t sfo{ ;DkGg ug{ 7f]; sfo{of]hgf ag]sf] b]lv“b}g .

;+ljwfg hf/L x'“bfsf avt of] ;+ljwfgk|lt c;xdlt hfx]/ ug]{ bnx? / To;df klg dw]; s]lGb|t bnx?n] cfh;Dd klg of] ;+ljwfgsf] ckgTj u|x0f ug{ ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;Ldf gfsf wgf{h:tf] cdfgjLo cfGbf]ng u/]sf tL bnsf sltko hfoh dfu ;Daf]wg x'g' h?/L 5 . t/, of] Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf tL bnx?n] c;Gt'li6 hgfPsf ;+ljwfgsf cGt/j:t'df :jb]zdf eGbf a9L ljb]zdf 5nkmn ul/g' uDeL/ lrGtfsf] ljifo xf] .


cg]sg c;xdlt / lj/f]wsf aLr sl/a () k|ltzt hgdtsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ k|d'v tLg /fhgLlts bn ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ ;xdt ePsf sf/0fn] g} of] ;+ljwfg hf/L ePsf] lyof] . t/, ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] r/0fdf tL bnsf aLrdf cljZjf; / c:j:Yo k|lt:kwf{sf] jftfj/0f pTkGg ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkZrft\sf] klxnf] ;/sf/ u7gaf6} ;'? ePsf] of] cljZjf; xfn;Dd sfod /x]sfn] of] ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjogdf uDeL/ k|Zg v8f ePsf 5g\ . s'g} klg d'n'ssf] qmflGt jf cfd"n kl/jt{gkZrft\ k|fKt pknlAwsf] /Iff / sfof{Gjog ug{ kl/jt{sf/L zlQmx? Ps} 7fp“df a:g' h?/L 5 . t/, ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] of] r/0fdf g]kfnsf kl/jt{gsf/L bnx? Ps} 7fp“df ga;]sf] sf/0fn] kl/jt{gk|ltsf] ltgsf] lgi7fdf k|Zglrx\g p7]sf] 5 .

cl:y/ ;/sf/ / sdhf]/ ;+;b\;+ljwfg hf/L ePkZrft\ ;+;b\af6 b'O{ hgf k|wfgdGqLsf] lgjf{rg

eO;s]sf] 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf of] ;fdfGo k|lqmof dflgP klg cf};t gf} dlxg] sfo{sfnsf] ;/sf/n] /fhgLlts l:y/tf lbg ;Sb}g . o;sf] c;/ /fHosf cGo cª\udf kg]{ / ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjog;d]t cf]em]ndf kg]{ b]lvG5 . ;/sf/ k"0f{ ?kdf ;+;b\k|lt hjfkmb]xL / pQ/bfoL x'g'k5{ / ;/sf/ rogsf] ljifo ljz'4 ;+;b\sf] ljifo aGg'k5{ . of] ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkZrft\ cjlw ls6fg u/]/ k|wfgdGqLsf] rog ug]{ ;fdfGo cEof;h:t} eO;s]sf] 5 . o;n] ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg ;+;b\nfO{ sdhf]/ agfPsf] 5 .

ljleGg ;+j}wflgs lgsfox?n] ;+;bLo ;'g'jfOsf nflu l;kmfl/; u/]sf gfdfjnL ;'g'jfO ;ldltdf k]; g} geO{ lkmtf{ ug]{ jf clwsf/ If]q gePsf] ljifodf ;efd'vn] x:tIf]k ug]{h:tf c;+j}wflgs sfo{x?n] klg ;+;b\sf] ;Ifdtfdf k|Zglrx\g p7fPsf 5g\ .

;f+;bx? gLlt lgdf{0fdf eGbf ljsf; lgdf{0fdf a9L s]lGb|t x'g] / sltko cj:yfdf u0fk"/s ;ª\Vofsf] cefjdf ;+;b\ a}7s :ylut x'g'kg]{h:tf ljifon] hgk|ltlglwx? Hfg:t/df lgs} cfnf]lrt ePsf 5g\ . ;Qf l6sfpg] gfddf h'g;'s} x}l;ot ePsf, hlt;'s} :yfg ePsf bnx?;“u klg ;xdlt ug'{kg]{ afWotfsf aLr 7"nf] cfsf/sf] ;/sf/ agfP/ bnx? hgtfsf] aLrdf cfnf]Ro dfq ePsf 5}gg\, o:tf] sfo{n] ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] pkxf;;d]t u/]sf] 5 . cfkm}“ ;+nUg ;/sf/sf]


ljkIfdf cfPsf] cljZjf;sf] k|:tfjsf] kIfdf dtbfg ug]{ / cfkm}“ ;lDdlnt ;/sf/n] NofPsf ljw]ossf] ljkIfdf dtbfg ug]{h:tf c;+;bLo rl/qx? nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsfndf klg bf]xf]l/g'n] bnx? u0ftGqsf] dd{nfO{ cfTd;ft\ ug{ cem} klg ;Ifd 5}gg\ ls eGg] b]lvPsf] 5 .

;ª\3Lotfsf] sfof{Gjogsf nflu /fhgLlts bnx? /fHoeGbf klxnf ;ª\3Lo 9f“rfdf ?kfGtl/t eO;Sg' clgjfo{ x'G5 . ;+ljwfgsf stf{ / zf;g ;~rfngsf ;+jfxs /fhgLlts bnx?dWo] ;a} bn of] Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf klg ;ª\3Lo 9frfdf ?kfGt/0f x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf nflu of] klg Ps 7"nf] r'gf}tL xf] . nf]stflGqs u0ftGqdf /fhgLlts bnx? ;an / ;Ifd x'g' h?/L 5 . t/, g]kfnsf /fhgLlts bnx? df]rf{ ;ª\u7gh:tf ePsf 5g\ . Pp6} bnleq cg]s u'6 / pku'6x? 3f]lfift ?kd} lqmofzLn 5g\ . To;} u/L bnx?leqsf] cGt/kf6L{ nf]stGqdf klg k|z:t ;d:ofx? /x]sf 5g\ .

;f/f+zdf eGg'kbf{ gof“ ;+ljwfgadf]lhdsf] ;+;bLo cEof; / ;+ljwfgsf] Ps jif{sf] of] cjlw sfof{Gjogsf] k|fljlws b[li6sf]0fn] ;kmn /x] klg of] ;+ljwfg :jrflnt eg] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ k|Df'v bnx? ha;Dd ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] of] r/0fdf Ps} 7fp“df a:g ;Sb}gg\, To; avt;Dd ;+ljwfgsf] sfof{Gjog ;Dej b]lv“b}g . tf]lsPsf] ;doleq tLg} txsf ;/sf/sf] lgjf{rg ug'{ of] ;+ljwfgsf] 7"nf] r'gf}tL xf] . of] r'gf}tLsf] ;fdgf ug{ g;Sbf ljutdf u}/;+j}wflgs af6f]af6 axfnjfnf k|wfgGofofwLznfO{ sfo{sf/L k|d'v agfPh:tf] clk|o, cfnf]Ro / cnf]stflGqs dfu{tkm{ d'n's hfg ;S5 . Tof] hf]lvdnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;+ljwfg kIfw/ zlQmx? ;+ljwfg sfof{Gjogsf] of] r/0fdf Ps} 7fp“df pleg' clgjfo{ 5 .

of] cjlwdf ;+;bLo cEof; klg cfnf]rgfaf6 d'Qm x'g ;s]g . ljutsf q'l6k"0f{ / cfnf]Ro ;+;bLo cEof;sf] lg/Gt/tf / ;/sf/ km]/abnsf] t'kmfgL ofqfn] ;ª\3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGqsf] dd{ / efjgfnfO{ luHofO/x]sf] 5 . ;ª\qmd0fsfnsf] af“sL cjlw of] klxnf] jif{eGbf w]/} hl6n b]lvG5 . of] hl6ntf lrg{sf nflu hgtfsf] lg/Gt/ va/bf/L cfjZos 5 . hgtfsf] lg/Gt/ va/bf/LnfO{ hfu?s gful/s ;dfh / ;~rf/ hut\sf] bafasf/L e"ldsf Tolt g} cfjZos 5 .

-;+ljwfgljb\ e§/fO{ g]kfn af/ P;f]l;P;gsf k"j{pkfWoIf x'g\ ._


klxnf] lgjf{lrt ;+;b\ / kqsfl/tf

d'n'ssf] ^ bzs nfdf] cfw'lgs Oltxf;df rf/j6f ;+;bLo / b'O{j6f ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg eP . klxnf] ;+;b\ ag]sf] !* dlxgfdf /fhf dx]Gb|n] ;}Go s" u/L PsbnLo k~rfotL Joj:yf rnfP . #) jif]{ k~rfotLsfndf klg ;+;b\sf ?kdf /fli6«o k~rfotsf] cEof; eof] . t/, nf]stGq, dfgj clwsf/, cleJolQm / k|]; :jtGqtfsf] cefjdf Tof] ;+;b\ b]vfj6L / /fhfsf] …/a/:6\ofDkÚ dfq lyof] .

@))& ;fndf /f0ffzfxLsf] cGTo u/L k|hftGq axfnL ePkl5 /fhf lqe'jgn] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdfkm{t ;+ljwfg agfpg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . t/, r'gfj eof] eg] /fhtGqsf] cf}lrTo /x“b}g eGg] 8/n] b/af/n] cf7 jif{;Dd r'gfj x'g lbPg .

k"j{k|wfgdGqL ;"o{axfb'/ yfkfsf egfOdf …;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj eof] eg] cfˆgf] clwsf/ /xb}g eg]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] ; f ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rg u/fpg] / cfkm} ;+ljwfg lbg] 3f]if0ff u/]sf x'g\1 . yfkfsf] ljZn]if0fh:t}

1 k"j{k|wfgdGqL ;"o{axfb'/ yfkf;“u @)&! c;f/ @@ ut] ul/Psf] s'/fsfgL .

hut g]kfn

g]kfndf klxnf] lgjf{lrt ;+;b\sf] cEof; eO/x“bf lxhf]cfhh:tf] lzlIft hgzlQm

kqsfl/tfdf lyPg .


ljrf/ aLkL sf]O/fnfsf] klg kfOG5 . …xfdLn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] dfu u/]sf xf}“ . t/, /fhfn] Ps}kN6 ;+;b\sf] r'gfj 3f]if0ff u/] . xfdLnfO{ k"0f{ t nfUof], /fhf dx]Gb|n] ;+ljwfg;ef lbg] 5}gg\ . clg, pgn] hf] lbPsf] s'/f xfdLn] :jLsfg]{ jf Tofu ug]{ eGg] k|Zg p7\of]Ú -lul/, @)^^ M !#!_ . o;/L afWo eP/ bnx?n] ;+;b\sf] ljsNk :jLsfg'{ k¥of] .

lxhf]cfh h:tf] r]tgzLn hgtf, ;zQm cfd;~rf/dfWod, alnof /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh gePsfn] /fhfsf] if8\oGq;“u h'Wg ;Sg] cj:yf lyPg . ;]gf, k|x/L pgs} clwgdf lyP . nfvf}“ hgtf /fhfnfO{ lji0f'sf] cjtf/ dfGy] . …k9\g], a'em\g] / cg'ej ug]{ cj;/ gkfPsf hgtfnfO{ eg] ;+ljwfg;ef jf ;+;b\sf] r'gfjh:tf s'/fsf] dfg] klg yfxf lyPg . Tof] cj:yfdf /fhfn] ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfj gu/fP/ cfˆgf] xft dfly kfg{ rfxg' :jfefljs} lyof]? -uf}td, @)^$ M @(#_? r]tgfsf] b[li6n] g]kfnL ;dfh kl/kSj eO;s]sf] lyPg? s]xL ckjfbnfO{ 5f]8]/ l;ª\uf] d'n'sdf oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf lyPg?

cfdhgtfnfO{ ;+ljwfg;ef / ;+;b\ eg]sf] s] xf] eGg] hfgsf/L;Dd lyPg . k"j{;f+;b cRo't/fh /]UdL eG5g\, …ef]6eGbf ltAat a'em\g] hgtf lyP .Ú

r'gfjsf] tof/L @)!% kmfu'g & ut]b]lv k|f/De ePsf] r'gfjdf @! jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf

dlxnf / k'¿ifnfO{ dtbfgsf] clwsf/ lbOPsf] lyof] eg] pDd]bjf/ aGg @% jif{ k'Ug'kYof{] . r'gfj k|rf/k|;f/df lxhf]cfhh:tf] ;~rf/dfWodsf] k|of]u sNkgfaflx/sf] s'/f lyof] .

@)!% df3 ^ ut]sf] cª\sdf …uf]/vfkqÚn] r'gfjaf/] hgr]tgf hufpg b]zsf ljleGg efudf gd'gf lgjf{rg u/fOPsf] ;dfrf/ k|sflzt u/]sf] kfOG5 M …lgjf{rg cfof]un] r'gfj x'g'eGbf s]xL jif{cl3b]lv g} ljleGg lhNnfsf ahf/df gd'gf r'gfj u/fPsf] lyof] . r'gfjsf] tLg–rf/ dlxgfcl3b]lv …/]l8of] g]kfnÚaf6 r'gfjL jftf{, ljleGg efiffdf tof/ ul/Psf r'gfj;DaGwL nf]suLt ahfOPsf] lyof] . pDd]bjf/x? cfkm" cg's"n :yfgLo efiffdf uLt agfP/ ufp“b} uf“p3/df k'Ug] uy]{ . rf]srf]sdf ;ef x'Gy] . krf{–kDkn]6 kmf§km'§ b]lvGYof] .Ú klxnf] ;+;bLo r'gfjsf] k|rf/k|;f/df …/]l8of] g]kfnÚ / s]xL kqklqsfn] dxÎjk"0f{ e"ldsf lgjf{x u/] klg ltgsf] kx'“r cfdhgtfdf lyPg .


k|lt:kwf{df gf} bnklxnf] lgjf{rgdf gf}j6f bn r'gfjL d}bfgdf lyP . t/, /fhf dx]Gb|n]

s'g} klg bnsf] ax'dt gcfcf];\ eGgsf nflu s]xL bnnfO{ r'gfjL d}bfgdf v8f u/fPsf lyP eg] TolQs} ;ª\Vofdf :jtGq pDd]bjf/ v8f ul/Psf lyP . sDtLdf tLg bh{g If]qdf pDd]bjf/ v8f ug{ ;Sg] /fhgLlts bnnfO{ Pp6} r'gfj lrx\g lbOPsf] lyof] . gf} bnsf tkm{af6 % ;o !* / :jtGq @ ;o ^* u/L & ;o *^ pDd]bjf/ d}bfgdf lyP . kmfu'g & ut] ;'¿ ePsf] r'gfj $% lbgkl5 r}q @* ut] ;lsof] .

r'gfj lhTg] kf6L{ k|d'vdf aLkL PSn} lgjf{rgsf] clGtd kl/0ffd

@)!^ j}zfv @* ut] k|sflzt eof] . r'gfjdf sfª\u| ]; ;efklt aLkL sf]O/fnfafx]s r'gfjL k|lt:kwf{df cf]ln{Psf ;a} kf6L{sf ;efklt k/flht eP . aLkL If]q g+ #@ df]/ªaf6 ljhoL ePsf lyP . uf]vf{ kl/ifb\sf cWoIf /0fwL/ ;'Aaf, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf dxf;lrj 8f= s]z/hª\u /fodfemL, k|hftflGqs dxf;efsf cWoIf /ª\ugfy zdf{, /fli6«o sfª\u| ];sf l8NnL/d0f /]UdL, g]kfn k|hf kl/ifb\ -ld>_sf eb|sfnL ld>, t/fO{ sfª\u| ];sf j]bfgGb emf / ;+o'Qm k|hftGq kf6L{sf cWoIf tyf k"j{k|wfgdGqL s]=cfO{= l;+xnufot r'gfjL d}bfgdf /x]sf cf7j6f bnsf k|d'v k/flht eP .

r'gfjdf uf]vf{ kl/ifb\ bf];|f] 7"nf] bn eP klg ;}4flGts ?kdf sfª\u|]; / sDo'lg:6aLr d'Vo k|lt:kwf{ lyof] . t/, sfª\u|];n] &$ l;6 lhTbf sDo'lg:6af6 t'n;Lnfn cdfTo, sdn/fh /]UdL, z]if kmdf{g / x/bofn dxtf] u/L rf/ hgfn] dfq ljho k|fKt u/] .

/f0ffx?sf] kf6L{ ePsfn] uf]vf{ kl/ifb\nfO{ ;'¿df ljkIfLsf] dfGotf

lbOPsf] lyPg . ;+ljwfgdf klg ljkIfL g]tfsf] k|fjwfg lyPg .

hDdfhDdL 8]9 jif{ sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw;efdf /fhfn] ;+;bLo

Joj:yflj?4 if8\oGq ug{ yfn]sf] cfef; ePkl5 dfq uf]vf{

kl/ifb\sf g]tf e/tzdz]/nfO{ k|wfgdGqL aLkLn] cf}krfl/s ?kdf ljkIfL bnsf] g]tfsf]

dfGotf lbnfPsf lyP .


lgjf{rgdf sfª\u|]; pDd]bjf/ åfl/sfb]jL 7s'/fgL If]q g+= ̂ ^ 88]nw'/faf6 ljhoL eOg\ . aLkL ;/sf/df pkdGqL /x]sL pgL g]kfns} klxnf] dlxnf dGqL x'g\ . To;} u/L dxf;efdf /fhfaf6 dgf]gLt !* ;b:odWo] sdn /f0ff Ps dfq dlxnf lyOg\ . pgL ;+;b\sf] pkfWoIfdf lgjf{lrt eOg\ .

/fhf–;+;b\ 6s/fjafWo eP/ r'gfj u/fpg /fhL eP klg /fhf dx]Gb| ;+;bLo

Joj:yf k|efjsf/L agf];\ eGg] kIfdf lyPgg\ . pgL h;/L klg lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfeGbf cfkm" g} zlQmzfnL ePsf] b]vfpg rfxGy] . ;+;bLo zf;g Joj:yfdf hgtfsf k|ltlglwn] sfg'g agfp“5g\ . t/, ;+;b\ u7g eO;s]kl5 /fhf cfkm}“n] ;}lgs sfg'g hf/L u/] . clg dfq, ;+;b\

clwj]zg cfx\jfg eof] . k"jf{g'dfg ljk/Lt sfª\u|];n] b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtsf] ckf/ ljho xfl;n u/];“u} pgL tl;{Psf lyP . lgjf{lrt ;/sf/n] ;]gfdfly lgoGq0f ug]{ 7"nf] qf; /fhfdf lyof] . To;}n] ;+;bLo d"No, dfGotf / l;4fGt ljk/Lt ;+;b\ clwj]zg cfx\jfg ug'{cl3 cfkm}“n] ;}lgs P]g agfP . aLkL :jod\n] /fhfsf] Tof] sbdnfO{ cfZro{hgs eg]sf 5g\ . …;+;b\

s]xL xf]Og, d g} ;j]{;jf{ x'“ . d h] rfxG5', ToxL x'G5 eGg] ;Gb]z lbg pgn] ;}lgs P]g agfPsf lyP . hf] cToGt c:jfefljs xf] . clg, To;nfO{ ;+;b\sf] lgoGq0feGbf aflx/h:tf] /flvlbPsf] 5Ú -sf]O/fnf, @)^& M @!@_ . ;}lgs P]gdf nfndf]x/ nufPkl5 dfq /fhfn] ;+;b\df b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtsf ;fy ljhoL g]kfnL sfª\u|]; ;+;bLo bnsf g]tf aLkL sf]O/fnfnfO{ ;/sf/ u7gsf nflu lgdGq0ff u/] .

Tolt dfq xf]Og,/fhfn] ;+;b\ a}7s af]nfpg'cl3 g} ;fpg ! ut]b]lv nfu" x'g] u/L /fhb/af/sf] vr{ / b/af/sf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;]jf, ;t{ / ;'ljwf;DaGwL sfg'g hf/L u/] . h; cg';f/ /fhfnfO{ jflif{s !$ nfv !) xhf/ g]kfnL ?k}of“, * nfv %$ xhf/ ef/tLo ?k}of“, @% Psn / @% 8an

lxhf]cfh h:tf] r]tgzLn hgtf, ;zQm cfd;~rf/dfWod, alnof /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh gePsfn] /fhfsf] if8\oGq;“u h'Wg ;Sg] cj:yf lyPg . ;]gf, k|x/L pgs} clwgdf lyP . nfvf}“ hgtf /fhfnfO{ lji0f'sf] cjtf/ dfGy] .


c;kmL{ / /fgLnfO{ Ps nfv g]kfnL / Ps nfv ef/tLo ?k}of“ lbg] Joj:yf lyof] . k|wfgdGqLsf] tna dfl;s !% ;o ePsf a]nf /fhfsf nflu dfq 5'6\ofOPsf] /sd l;ª\uf] ;+;b\sf] ah]6eGbf s}of}“ u'0ff a9L lyof] .

cz'e ;fOtdf klxnf] a}7s /ftL !!=$% ah] a}7s af]nfp“bf ;+;bLo Joj:yf cl:y/ x'G5 eGg]

Hof}ltifLx?sf] ;Nnfxdf /fhfn] @)!^ c;f/ !^ ut] dWo/ftsf] ;fOt x]/]/ ;+;b\sf] klxnf] a}7s af]nfP . oftfoft ;'ljwf gePsf] Tof] ;dodf clwsf+z ;f+;b k}bn} dWo/ftdf l;+xb/af/l:yt Uofn/L a}7sdf k'u] . c;f/ !* ut] ;efd'vsf] lgjf{rg ug]{ ldlt to ub}{ klxnf] a}7s /ftsf] @ ah] ;lsof] .

@)!^ c;f/ !& ut]]sf] …uf]/vfkqÚsf cg';f/ …!@ aHg'eGbf cl3 ;'¿ ePsf] a}7s @ ah] ;lsof] .Ú To; lbgsf] …uf]/vfkqÚ n]V5– …c;f/ !^ ut] >L % dxf/fhflw/fh dx]Gb|sf] z'ehGdf]T;j / c;f/ !& ut] :juL{o >L % lqe'jgsf] hGdhoGtL . b'j} P]ltxfl;s ltlynfO{ z'e d'x"t{ kf/L ;efsf] klxnf] a}7s c;f/ !^ ut] dWo/ftdf a;]sf] xf] .Ú k"j{;f+;b ljZjaGw' yfkf eG5g\– …ToxL ;dodf a}7s ;'¿ ul/of] eg] ;+;b\ w]/} rNb}g eGg] Hof]ltifLx?sf] ;Nnfxdf /fhfn] /ftL !!=$% ah] g} a}7s af]nfPsf] s'/f w]/}kl5 dfq xfdLnfO{ yfxf eof] .Ú

ljkIfLlagfsf] Ps jif{uf]/vfaf6 r'gfj xf/]sf s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ ;+;b\sf] ;efd'v kbdf

lglj{/f]w eP . ;+ljwfgdf ;+;b\ ;b:o gePsf] JolQm klg ;efd'v x'g ;Sg] Joj:yf ePsf sf/0f pgnfO{ Tof] cj;/ ldn]sf] lyof] . aLkLn] eg]sf 5g\– …xfdLx?sf] ;+;b\ olt /fd|f] rNof] ls dnfO{ nfU5, ;'¿ ;'¿sf] hjfxnfn g]x¿hLsf] ;+;b\eGbf xfd|f] ;+;b\ s'g} xfntdf sd lyPg . To;df ;efd'v s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{sf] e"ldsf klg pTs[i6 lyof] . lj/f]wL bnsf JolQm klg kSsf ;f+;b lyP . ljkIfL /fli6«o uf]vf{ kl/ifb\sf ;b:ox? ;a} tof/Lsf ;fy cfp“y] . ;+;b\df ax; /fd|} lsl;d;“u x'GYof]Ú -sf]O/fnf, @)^& M @@^_ . ljkIfL bnsf g]tf e/tzdz]/n] eg]sf 5g\– …;+;b\leq ckgfOg] lzi6tf, k|0ffnL jf ax;sf] :t/af/] g lyof] cWoog, g t cg'ej . l;sf}“ eg] sf];“u l;Sg] < -uf}td, @)^! M $&_ .

;f+;b dl0f/fd zf:qL eG5g\– …xfdL lht]/ cfP klg ev{/ cNnf/] pd]/sf lyof}“ . Toxf“ ;+;bLo / c;+;bLo efiff x'“bf] /x]5 . xfdLnfO{ s]xL


yfxf lyPg . la:tf/} l;Sb} uof}“ .Ú /f0ffx?sf] kf6L{ ePsfn] uf]vf{ kl/ifb\nfO{ ;'¿df ljkIfLsf] dfGotf

lbOPsf] lyPg . ;+ljwfgdf klg ljkIfL g]tfsf] k|fjwfg lyPg . hDdfhDdL 8]9 jif{ sfod /x]sf] k|ltlglw;efdf /fhfn] ;+;bLo Joj:yflj?4 if8\oGq ug{ yfn]sf] cfef; ePkl5 dfq uf]vf{ kl/ifb\sf g]tf e/tzdz]/nfO{ k|wfgdGqL aLkLn] cf}krfl/s ?kdf ljkIfL bnsf] g]tfsf] dfGotf lbnfPsf lyP .

;/sf/ ljkIfL ;DaGwaLkLsf] pbf/jfbL cfr/0fn] ubf{ ljkIfn] s'g} lsl;dsf] ps';d's';

dx;'; ug'{k/]g . ;a}nfO{ ;d]6]/ lx“8\g] k|wfgdGqLsf] k|j[lQ ;Dk"0f{ ;+;b\ kl/jf/df k|ltljlDat /x\of] . uDeL/ dte]b klg g/d efiffdf JoQm ug]{ k/Dk/f :yflkt eof] . -uf}td, @)^! M $*_ .

ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL hjfx/nfn g]x¿ ;+;bLo ax;sf qmddf ljkIfLsf] s8f cfnf]rgf uy]{ t/ aflx/ ldqjt\ Jojxf/ ug]{ pgsf] ;+:sf/ lyof] . g]kfndf To;sf] k|ToIf k|efj k/]sf] lyof] . ;bgdf b'O{ ltxfO ax'dtsf] alnof] pkl:ylt /x“bf ;d]t aLkLn] uf]vf{ kl/ifb\;lxt ;a} ljkIfLnfO{ ;Ddfgk"j{s Jojxf/ u/]sf lyP . ;+;b\df ;Qf kIfnfO{ bflxg] / ljkIfnfO{ b]a|]tkm{ /fVg] k|rng klg Tolta]nfb]lv ;'¿ ul/of] .

sDo'lg:6x?;“u JolQmut ?kdf cToGt g/d / Psbd} /fd|f] Jojxf/ u/] klg efif0fdf aLkL klg pgLx?sf] s8f cfnf]rs lyP . …sDo'lg:6x? k|hftGqsf lj/f]wL x'g\ eGg] lyof] pgnfO{ . tkfO{+–xfd|f] l;4fGt ldNb}g eGy]Ú– jfdkGyL ;f+;b sdn/fh /]UdL eG5g\– …efifdf s8f cfnf]rgf u/] klg k|wfgdGqL aLkL ljkIfLsf s'/f ;'Gy] . pgLx?sf] sfd ul/lbg'k5{ eGy] . af6f]df ljkIfL ;f+;b lx“l8/]sf] b]v] eg] df]6/ /f]s]/ lnˆ6 lbGy] . dnfO{ klg b'O{–tLgk6s lnˆ6 lbPsf lyP 5Ú .

pRr k|fyldstfdf ;+;b\klxnf] ;+;b\sf] sfo{sfne/ a}7s ;'¿ x'g'cl3 Uofn/L a}7sleq l5/]sf

;f+;bx? g;ls“bf;Dd aflxl/“b}gy] . k|wfgdGqL aLkL :jod\n] ;+;b\nfO{ lgs} dxÎj lbPsf lyP . pgL ;Dej eP;Dd k|foM ;a} a}7sdf ;xefuL x'Gy] / ;f+;bsf k|Zgsf] cfkm}“ hjfkm lbGy] . ljkIfL / ;QfkIfsf aLrdf lxhf]cfhh:tf] s6'tf lyPg . a}7sdf ;w“} () k|ltzteGbf a9L ;f+;bsf] xflh/L x'GYof] . 8]9 jif{ rn]sf] ;+;b\ Ps lbg dfq ljkIfLx?n] alxisf/ u/]sf lyP . ljkIfL


bnsf g]tf e/tzdz]/n] eg]sf 5g\– …;efd'vnfO{ 3]g]{, gf/f nufP/ sfo{ljlw c8\sfpg], csf{n] af]Nbf cj/f]w ug]{ jf s'g} k|sf/n] ;+;b\ rNg glbg] k|rng k6Ss} lyPg . Psk6s dfq lj/f]wL ;f+;bx?n] sf/0f b]vfP/ ;+;b\ alxisf/ u/] . Tof] klg s]jn cfwf 3G6fsf lgldQÚ . -uf}td, @)^! M $*_

k|ltlglw;efdf rf/ l;6 dfq eP klg g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf] uf]vf{ kl/ifb\eGbf sd e"ldsf lyPg . p;n] ;+;b\df eb|, dof{lbt / ;zQm k|ltkIfsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf] lyof] . sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ ;+;bLo bnsf g]tf t'n;Lnfn cdfTon] eg]sf 5g\ …;+;b\leq / aflx/ cfGbf]ngsf ?kdf klg xfdLn] c;/bf/ e"ldsf v]Nof}“ . km]l/ klg ;+;b\leq s'g} x'nx'Hht ug]{ sfd u/]gf}“ . g /f]:6d sAhf u¥of}“, g t gf/fafhL g} u¥of}“ . g dfOs tf]8\of}“ . xfdL tYofª\s ljZn]if0fsf cfwf/df ;/sf/sf unt s'/fx?sf] v08g dfq uYof{+} / ;f]Rg afWo u/fp“Yof}“ clg aflx/ zflGtk"0f{ cfdhg;ª\3if{af6 bafa lbGYof}“Ú . -cdfTo, @)^@ M !%%_ .

;+;b\df k|Zgf]Q/ sfo{qmd lgs} k|efjsf/L lyof] . ;f+;bx?sf k|Zgsf] hjfkm k|wfgdGqL / dGqLx?n] lbGy] . :jod\ ljkIfL bnsf g]tf e/tzdz]/n] eg]sf 5g\– …k|Zgf]Q/sf] lgwf{l/t ;dodf dGqLx?nfO{ cK7\of/f] kfg]{ k|lqmof eg] nuftf/ rNYof] . vf; u/L d]/f] / u0f]zdfghLsf aLr xf:o/; el/Psf] bf]xf]/L rnL g} /xGYof] t/ s'g} s6'tfsf] cfef;lagfÚ . -uf}td, @)^! M $*_

;+;b\sf P]ltxfl;s sfd…b]zsf] s'n s[lifof]Uo hldgsf] #^ k|ltzt e"ld latf{jfnfsf] clwgdf

lyof] . /f0ff k|wfgdGqL rGb|zdz]/, jL/zdz]/ / eLdzdz]/sf] kl/jf/df dfq # nfv # ;o ^( la3f e"ld latf{sf ?kdf lyof]Ú .玱clxn] ;+;bLo ;ldlt /x]h:t} Tolta]nf ;+;b\df k|j/ ;ldltsf] Joj:yf lyof] . Tof] ;ldltdf kof{Kt u[xsfo{ u/]/ latf{ pGd"ng ul/Psf] lyof] . …latf{ pGd"ng ;fdGtjfblj?å

klxnf] lgjf{rgdf gf}j6f bn r'gfjL d}bfgdf lyP . t/,

/fhf dx]Gb|n] s'g} klg bnsf] ax'dt gcfcf];\ eGgsf nflu s]xL bnnfO{ r'gfjL d}bfgdf

v8f u/fPsf lyP eg] TolQs} ;ª\Vofdf :jtGq pDd]bjf/ v8f

ul/Psf lyP .


Pp6f ultnf] k|xf/ lyof]Ú玱 . ljw]os kfl/t ePkl5 k|wfdgGqL aLkL sf]O/fnfn] ;+;b\df eg]sf lyP– …xfdL e"ld;DaGwL ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg u/L hldgdf s]jn hldg hf]Tg]s} clwsf/ /xg] lbzflt/ b]znfO{ n}hfg rfxG5f}“ . o; s'/fsf] klxnf] r/0fdf ls;fgnfO{ df]lxofgL xs lbnfpg' tyf hldgsf] pAhfpdf cfwfeGbf a9L a'emfpg gkg]{ u/fpg' ;/sf/sf] nIo xf] . b]znfO{ rf“8} cufl8 a9fpg xfdLn] ul/a tyf zf]liftx?sf] kIfkftL gLlt lnPsf xf}“ . o;af6 s]xL wgLnfO{ tslnkm x'g hfG5 eg] xfdL s]xL ug{ ;Sb}gf}“Ú . -b]jsf]6f, @)#^ M @%(_

@)!^ k'; !( ut] ;/sf/n] latf{ pGd"ng ug]{ lg0f{o lnPsf] lyof] . aLkL sf]O/fnf, u0f]zdfg l;+x, s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{nfO{ ;fIfL /fv]/ pkk|wfgdGqL tyf cy{dGqL ;'j0f{zdz]/n] ;a}eGbf klxnf cfˆgf] !@ xhf/ la3fsf] latf{ pGd"ng ug{ k|:tfj /fv]sf lyP? -w/fjf;L, @)^( M !^&_

g]kfndf ef/tLo / g]kfnL b'j} d'b|f k|rngdf lyP . cy{dGqL ;'j0f{zdz]/ /f0ffn] Ps ;o ef/tLo ?k}of“sf] g]kfnL ! ;o ^) b/ sfod u/L b]ze/ g]kfnL ?k}of“ rnfpg] lg0f{o u/] . cfh klg Tof] b/ sfod} 5 . To;} u/L lgjf{lrt ;/sf/n] j}1flgs s/ k|0ffnL ;'¿ u¥of] . To;cl3 s/ p7fpg] k|0ffnL :yflkt eO;s]sf] lyPg . lhDd'jfn d'lvofx?n] s/ p7fpg] 7]Ssf lnPsf x'Gy] . 3/hUufdf / cfo;|f]tdf s/ nufOof] . wgLx?dfly s/ nufpg] / p7]sf] /fh:jaf6 ul/anfO{ lzIff, :jf:Yo, oftfoft, /f]huf/Lh:tf ;'ljwf pknAw u/fpg] ;dfhjfbL gLlt ;/sf/n] k|f/De u¥of] . latf{ / hUufdf j}1flgs s/sf] Joj:yf ug]{ sfd klg o;} a]nfb]lv ePsf] xf] . To;} u/L x/]s lgjf{rg If]qdf tLgj6fsf b/n] ljBfno vf]Ng], x'nfs lj:tf/ ug]{, vfg]kfgL, :jf:Yo rf}sL lj:tf/ ug]{ sfd To; cjlwdf eof] .

;+;bLo kqsfl/tfs'g ;dfh slt ljsl;t jf cljsl;t 5 eGg] s'/fsf] dfkg Toxf“sf]

kqsfl/tfsf] :t/df k|ltljlDat x'G5 . cfjfh gx'g]sf] cfjfh k|ltlglwTj ug]{, hgdt agfpg], hgk|ltlglwnfO{ dtbftfk|lt pQ/bfoL agfpg] / k|hftflGqs k4ltnfO{ ;jn agfpg] sfddf ldl8ofsf] cxd\ e"ldsf /xG5 .

g]kfndf klxnf] lgjf{lrt ;+;b\sf] cEof; eO/x“bf lxhf]cfhh:tf] lzlIft hgzlQm kqsfl/tfdf lyPg . klxnf] ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª u/]sf kqsf/ e}/j l/;fn eG5g\– …;+;b\sf] ;dfrf/ s;/L n]Vg], a}7s ;~rfng


k|lqmof s:tf] x'G5, ;+;b\ ;~rfngsf ljlw / lgod s] s:tf x'G5g\ eGg] hfgsf/L ePsf kqsf/ lyPgg\ . lxhf]cfhh:tf] k9]sf] jf tflndk|fKt hgzlQm kqsfl/tfdf lyPg . ;+;b\sf x/]s sf/afxL gof“ nfUg] . k|hftGqsf] hu a:g] eof] eg]/ ;a} v';L lyof}“Ú玱.

hgtf lzlIft lyPgg\ . klqsf a]n'sf dfq k|sflzt x'Gy] . ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf] …/]l8of] g]kfnÚ / …uf]/vfkqÚ dfq hgtfdf kx“'r ePsf To;a]nfsf k|efjsf/L dfWod lyP . @)$^ ;fnsf] kl/jt{gotf kqsfl/tfdf cfPsf] xfd|f] k':tfsf nflu Tolta]nfsf] kqsfl/tf s'g} ls+jbGtLeGbf km/s nfUb}g . k|]; sld;gsf] l/kf]6{ @)!% df kqsf/x?nfO{ o;/L lrlqt ul/Psf] 5– …laxfg p7]/ jf cl3Nnf] lbg /ftL g} ;DkfbsLo n]lv;s]sf] x'G5 . laxfg p7]/ va/x? p;n] k9\5 . lj1fkgsf] ?k/]vf a;fN5, k'|km k9\5, lan sf6\5, cvaf/ ljqmL ljt/0fsf] ;|]:tf tof/ u5{, 7fp“7fp“ uP/ k};f p7fp“5 . clg, km]l/ csf]{ 7fp“df ;dfrf/ ;ª\sng ug{ bf}l8G5 . s]xL Ps–b'O{ jif{ ePsf] 5 ls g]kfndf klqsfx?sf] sfof{no b]Vg yfn]sf] . To;eGbfcl3 t p;sf] ;'Tg] sf]7f g} p;sf] sfof{no x'GYof] . -lj/xL, @)^) M @(*_

…/fhfn] To;a]nf s" gu/]/ ;+;b\ rNg lbPsf] eP ;fob /fhtGqsf] cGTo olt l5§} gx'g ;SYof]Ú -g]kfn, @)&@ M_ . lxhf]cfhh:tf] ;zQm ldl8of, alnof /fhgLlts bn, gful/s ;dfh, lzlIft / r]tgzLn hgtf ePsf] eP Tolta]nf /fhfn] ;+;bLo Joj:yf s" ug{ ;Sg] lyPgg\ . To;}n] xfdL eGg ;S5f}“, ;+;b\ / kqsfl/tfaLr df5f / kfgLsf] h:tf] ;DaGw 5, Pscsf{sf] cefjdf af“Rg} g;Sg] .

;Gbe{ ;fdu|LcdfTo, t'n;Lnfn, @)^@, ;+:d/0fsf kfgfx?, nlntk'/ M t'n;Lnfn :d[lt k|lti7fg .sf]O/fnf, aLkL, @)^&, cfTdj[QfGt, nlntk'/ M hubDaf k|sfzg . lul/, k|bLk -;Dkf=_, @)^^, ljZj]Zj/k|;fb sf]O/fnfsf /fhgLlts clen]v, sf7df8f}“

M ljBfyL{ k':ts e08f/ .b]jsf]6f, u|Lidaxfb'/, @)#^, g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts bk{0f, bf];|f] efu, sf7df8f}“ M

ch'{gaxfb'/ b]jsf]6f . g]kfn, hut, @)^&, cfg} s'/f, lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf, nlntk'/ M hubDaf k|sfzg? g]kfn, hut, @)&@, klxnf] ;+;b\, aLkL dx]Gb| 6s/fj, sf7df8f}“ M ;f+lu|nf a'S; . kl08t, nf]sbz{g, @)^#, g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo lgjf{rg bk{0f, sf7df8f}“ M lgjf{rg cfof]u . lj/xL, xl/x/ -;Dkf=_, @)^), k|sfzgsf] lbUbz{g, sf7df8f}“ M g]kfn k|]; sfplG;n .

-g]kfn sflGtk'/ 6]lnlehgsf /fhgLlts Jo"/f] k|d'v x'g\_


a]nfotdf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª

a]nfotsf] gf} ;o jif{sf] Oltxf;df vf; u/L ;'¿cftL jif{x?df tNnf] ;bg ;+;b\h:tf] lyPg . of] /fhfsf lglDt / wgL JolQmx? s'/f ug]{ ynf] dfq lyof] . /fhfn] pgLx?nfO{ ;'emfj lbg cfu|x t uy]{ t/ sfd eg] cfk"mn] rfx] cg';f/sf] uy]{ . !#cf}“ ztfAbL;Dd a]nfotn] :s6NofG8;“u n8fO“ u/]/} latfof] eg] j]N;dfly wfjf af]ln/x\of] . /fhfn] n8fO“sf nflu k};f p7fpg wgL Jof/f]gx?;“u e]63f6 ul//xGy] . ;g\ !@!% sf] …DofUgfsf6f{Úkl5 dfq /fhfn] gful/saf6 k};f c;'n ug'{cufl8 ;+;b\nfO{ ;f]Wg'kg]{ afWotf eof] . !@^% df ;j{;fwf/0f JolQmh:t} ;}lgsx? klg ;+nUg x'g] u/L r'gfj eof] . o;/L lgjf{lrt ;bgnfO{ …xfp; ckm sdG;Ú eGg yflnof] .

!^@) df rfN;{ k|ydn] ;+;b\ eª\u u/]kl5 kqsf/x?sf nflu pynk'ynsf lbgx? ;'¿ eP . rfN;{ k|ydn] !! jif{;Dd ;+;b\ lj36g u/] . t/, cfk"mnfO{ cfly{s cefj ePkl5 lj3l6t ;+;b\ k'gM:yfkgf u/] . tTsfnLg ;~rf/dfWodn] 7"nf] hf]lvd df]n]/ ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª ug'{kYof{] .

ch'{g e08f/L

!*&! cl3;Dd a]nfotL ;+;b\n] clt g} uf]Ko lgsfosf ?kdf sfd uYof]{ . ;+;b\df ePsf sfdx?sf] cflwsfl/s clen]v ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pknAw t x'GYof] t/ To;df ;+;b\leq ePsf 5nkmnx?sf] s'g} n]vf x'“b}gYof] .


w]/} kqsf/x? ;+;b\sf] ;dfrf/ n]v]afkt h]n k/] jf pgLx?n] klqsfsf] :jfldTj g} laqmL ug]{ jf k];f abNg] ljsNk /f]h] .

xfg;f8{ xfg;f8{ eg]sf] a]nfot / w]/} …sdg j]NyÚ d'n'sx?df ;+;bLo 5nkmnx?nfO{ cflwsfl/s ?kdf ptf/ ug]{ k/Dk/fut gfd xf] . yf]d; s;{g xfg;f8{ -!&&^–!*##_sf gfddf o;sf] k/Dk/f ;'¿ ePsf] xf] . pgL nG8gsf k|sfzs lyP, hf] j]:6ldg:6/ kfln{ofd]G6sf] cflwsfl/s k|sfzs eP .

xfg;f8{sf] Oltxf; a]nfotL ;+;bdf ljsf; eP klg a]nfotL pklgj]zx?n] ;+;bLo cEof;df 5'§} / ljlzi6 vfnsf] Oltxf; ljsf; u/] . !*&! cl3;Dd a]nfotL ;+;b\n] clt g} uf]Ko lgsfosf ?kdf sfd uYof]{ . ;+;b\df ePsf sfdx?sf] cflwsfl/s clen]v ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pknAw t x'GYof] t/ To;df ;+;b\leq ePsf 5nkmnx?sf] s'g} n]vf x'“b}gYof] . ;+;b\leq ul/Psf 6Lsf–l6Kk0fLnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug'{ eg]sf] ;+;bLo ljz]ifflwsf/sf] pNnª\3g dflgGYof] . o:tf] sfo{ ePdf ;+;b\sf b'j} ;bg -xfp; ckm sdG; / xfp; ckm n8\;{_n] ;hfo ug{ ;Sy] . a]nfotL hgtf ;+;bLo ultljlwk|lt rfv lbg yfn]kl5 eg] w]/} :jtGq kqsf/x?n] cgf}krfl/s ?kdf eP klg ;+;bLo ultljlwx? k|sflzt ug{ yfn] .

cgf}krfl/s ?kdf ;+;bLo ultljlw k|sfzg u/]afkt ;/sf/n] 5fglag, hl/jfgf, kbRo"t, h]n ;hfoh:tf b08fTds z}nL ckgfof] . o:tf b08gLo sf/afxL yfn]kl5 :jtGq ?kdf ;~rflnt kqsf/x?n] ljleGg :yfgsf] ljsf; lgdf{0f / zf;sx?sf] sdL–sdhf]/Lx?nfO{ hg;dIf Nofpg yfn] .

/fHosf] b08af6 hf]lug w]/} ;Dkfbsx?n] ;+;bLo 5nkmn / ultljlwx?nfO{ sfNklgs ;+;f/ / lgsfoleq ePsf] 5nkmnh:tf] u/L k|sflzt ug{ yfn] . tNnf] ;bgdf ePsf] 5nkmn …/ljg x'8 ;dfhÚ / xfp; ckm n8\;{df ePsf] 5nkmn …DofUgf lnlnk'l6ofÚ l;g]6sf] 5nkmnh:tf] sfNklgs ;+:yf / sfNklgs ;f+;bx?sf gfddf aflx/ cfpg yfn] . …DofUgf lnlnk'l6of l;g]6Ú P8jf8{ s]esf] / h]G6n]g; Dofulhg klxnf] k6s !&#@ df k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] . jf:tljs ;f+;bx?sf] gfd xf]l;of/Lk"j{s t/ a'lemg] u/L k|:t't ul/GYof] . h:tf] ;/ /f]j6{ jfnkf]nsf] gfd ;//f]6jfnsf


?kdf k|:t't ul/GYof], h;n] ubf{ kf7sn] s'g ;f+;bsf] gfd pNn]v ug{ vf]lhPsf] xf] eGg] s'/f ;xh} yfxf kfp“y] .

!&&! df nG8g ;x/nfO{ d]o/ j|f; qm;jLn] hf]g ldn/ gfd u/]sf 5fkfvfgf dflnsnfO{ ;+;bLo ultljlw k|sfzg u/]sf] cf/f]kdf cfkm";fd' pkl:yt u/fP . Tolta]nf nG8g d]o/n] 5fl8lbP t/ nuQ} ;+;b\;dIf cfkm"n] u/]sf] sfo{af/] :ki6Ls/0f lbg cfb]z lbP . la:tf/} ;+;b\n] ;+;bLo

ultljlw k|sfzg u/]afkt s8f b08 lbg] sfd aGb ug{ yfNof] . hf]g ljNs; gfds JolQmn] jfs\ :jtGqtfsf] kIfdf cleofg rnfPsf sf/0f o;df Jofks hg;dy{g o;sf] d'Vo sf/0f lyof] . ToltGh]n w]/} ;Dkfbsx?n] ;+;bLo ultljlw k|sfzg ug{ yfln;s]sf lyP . tLdWo] hf]g cndf]g / hf]g 8]j|]6 n] …kfln{ofd]G6/L /]lh:6f/Ú k|sflzt u/], h'g !&&% b]lv !*!# ;DDf rNof] .

k|sfzs ljlnod sf]j]6 -!&^#–!*#%_ hf] pu| lyP, pgn] !*)@ df …kf]lnl6sn /]lh:6/Úsf] k"/ssf ?kdf ;+;bLo 5nkmn -kfln{ofd]G6/L l8j]6;_ k|sfzg ug{ ;'¿ u/] . sf]j]6n] rnfPsf] :jtGq k|];sf] cleofgnfO{ a]nfot ;/sf/n] tLj| bdg u¥of] . yf]d; s;{g xfg;f8{n] % h"g !*!) df ljlnod sf]j]6sf] ;/sf/lj/f]wL n]v k|sflzt u/]kl5 a]nfot ;/sf/n] /fHolj?4sf] ck/fwdf d'2f rnfof] . cbfntn] sf]j]6nfO{ bf]ifL 7x¥ofp“b} !) xhf/ kfpG8 hl/jfgf / b'O{ jif{sf] h]n ;hfo ;'gfof] . pQm n]v k|sfzg u/]afkt yf]d; s;{g xfg;f8{nfO{ klg tLg dlxgfsf] h]n ;hfo ;'gfOof] .

h]n ;hfo / hl/jfgfkl5 sf]j]6sf] cfly{s cj:yf gfh's eof] . pgn] !*!@ df cfˆgf] kfln{ofd]G6/L l8j]6\; yf]d; sf;{g xfg;f8{nfO{ a]lrlbP? xfg;f8{n] To;nfO{ xfg;f8{ kfln{ofd]G6/L l8j]6\;df abNf] . kl5

!*&! cl3;Dd a]nfotL ;+;b\n] clt g} uf]Ko lgsfosf ?kdf sfd uYof]{ . ;+;b\df ePsf sfdx?sf] cflwsfl/s clen]v ;fj{hlgs ?kdf pknAw t x'GYof] t/ To;df ;+;b\leq ePsf 5nkmnx?sf] s'g} n]vf x'“b}gYof] . ;+;b\leq ul/Psf 6Lsf–l6Kk0fLnfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug'{ eg]sf] ;+;bLo ljz]ifflwsf/sf] pNnª\3g dflgGYof] .


o;nfO{ xfg;f8{sf ?kdf ljsl;t ul/of] . sf]a]6 / xfg;f8{n] ;+;bLo 5nkmn l/kf]l6{ª ug{ s'g} kqsf/ lgo'Qm ug]{ u/]sf lyPgg\ . pgLx?n] laxfg k|sflzt x'g] ljleGg kqklqsf / cGo ;|f]taf6 ;+;bLo ax;af/] ;dfrf/, cfn]v tof/ uy{] . To;}n] xfg;f8{sf k|f/lDes k|sfzgx?nfO{ cflwsfl/s ;|f]tsf ?kdf lng ;lsGg .

a]nfotsf] xfg;f8{!()( df cfP/ a]nfotL ;+;b\n] xfg;f8{nfO{ g} cflwsfl/s k|sfzssf]

?kdf lnof] / cfkm}“n] sd{rf/Ldfkm{t ;+;b\df ePsf ax;÷5nkmnnfO{ lj:t[t ?kdf ;fj{hlgs ug{ yfNof] . b'j} ;bgsf ax;nfO{ cnu–cnu kl/k|]Iodf k|sfzg ug{ yflnof] . xfg;f8{n] b'j} ;+;b\df ePsf ultljlwnfO{ x'ax' ptfb}{gYof] . bf]xf]¥ofPsf zAbx?, cgfjZos jfSof+z jf af]Nbf ePsf Jofs/0fLo uNtLx? ;RofP/ k|:t't ul/GYof] . xfg;f8{n] lgjf{rg If]qsf] gfd;lxt ;f+;bsf] gfd klg pNn]v u/]/ l/kf]6{ tof/ kf5{ . xfg;f8{n] s'g} ;f+;bn] af]ln/x]sf a]nfdf a;]sf ;f+;bn] xf]xNnf u/]df, k|wfgdGqLn] hjfkm lbO/x]sf a]nf s;}n] ˆnf]/af6 af]n]df jf xf“;f]7§f jf RofDa/df cfqmd0f h];'s} ePsf] eP klg …cj/f]wÚ ePsf] eGg] dfq kbfjnL k|of]u ub{5 .

k|of]u ub}{ hf“bf a]nfotL ;+;b\n] ;+;bLo ljz]ifflwsf/sf af/]df !*$) df s'g ljz]ifflwsf/ xf], s'g xf]Og eGg]af/]df Pp6f sfg'g kfl/t u¥of] . of] ljifo Ps hgf :6s8]n gfds JolQmn] Go'u]6 h]ndf cZnLn k':ts ljt/0f u/]sf] ljifodf xfp; ckm sdG;sf] cfb]zdf xfg;f8{n] k|ltj]bg k|sflzt u/]kl5 k/]sf] d'2f;“u ;DalGwt lyof] . cbfntn] dfgxflg;DaGwL ljifodf ;+;b\n] l/kf]6{ k|sfzg ug]{ cfb]z lbg' p;sf] ljz]ifflwsf/ If]qleq kb}{g eg]kl5 !*$) df ljz]ifflwsf/;DaGwL sfg'g ag]sf] xf] .

!()( b]lv xfg;f8{n] ;+;b\sf b'j} ;bgsf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ;a} ultljlwx? k|sflzt ug{ yfNof] . t/, o;n] tNnf] ;bgdf bnx?sf]

!()( b]lv xfg;f8{n] ;+;b\sf b'j} ;bgsf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ;a} ultljlwx? k|sflzt ug{

yfNof] . t/, o;n] tNnf] ;bgdf bnx?sf] cl:tTj cf}krfl/s ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] lyPg .

vfln ;f+;bsf] dfq gfd pNNf]v uYof]{ .


cl:tTj cf}krfl/s ?kdf :jLsf/ u/]sf] lyPg . vfln ;f+;bsf] dfq gfd pNNf]v uYof]{ . o;n] @))# kl5 dfq ;+;b\sf] bnut ;+nUgtf;lxt l/kf]6{ k|sfzg ug{ yfNof] . clxn] t a]nfotL ;+;b\sf] ;Dk"0f{ ultljlw OG6/g]6d} pknAw 5 . :6\oflG8ª sld6Lafx]ssf !*)# b]lv xfn;Ddsf ;a} ultljlw OG6/g]6df pknAw 5g\ .

Sofg8f Sofg8fsf] tNnf] ;bgdf klg a]nfotsf] h:t} xfg;f8{n] ;+;bLo

/]s8{ /fVg] u/]sf] 5 . o;n] ;f+;bx?n] af]n]sf s'/f x'ax' ptfg]{ eGbf klg cgfjZos zAbx? / uNtLx? x6fP/, gbf]xf]¥ofO{sg l/kf]6{ k|sflzt u5{ . Sofg8fdf eg] tNNff] ;bgdf ;+;bLo lgjf{rg If]qsf gfddf -JolQmsf] gfdaf6 xf]Og_ jf ;DalGwt dGqL cg';f/ l/kf]6{ tof/ kfl/G5 . Sofg8fdf cª\u|]hL / k|m]GrefifL ePsfn] ;+;b\df ePsf ;Dk"0f{ 5nkmnnfO{ tL b'j} efiffdf k|sflzt ul/G5 .

c:6«]lnofc:6«]lnofsf] ;+;b\df klg xfg;f8{s} gfddf ;+;bLo 5nkmn ax;

/]s8{x? /fHo sfg'g k|sfzg (State Law Publisher)n] k|sfzg ug]{ u5{ . blIf0fL c:6«]lnof ;+;b\, leS6f]l/of ;+;b\, Go' ;fpy j]N; ;+;b\ ;a}n] ;doqmddf xfg;f8{ k|0ffnLaf6} ;+;bLo ax;sf] /]s8{ /fVb} cfPsf 5g\ .

-e08f/L …b lxdfnog 6fOD;Úsf ;xfos ;Dkfbs x'g\ ._


kqsfl/tf / ;+;b\

;+;b\ cfkm}“df ;fj{ef}d ynf] xf], To;}n] klg Toxf“ l/kf]l6{ª ug{ hfg] kqsf/x? klg plQs} lhDd]jf/ x'g'k5{ eGg] dfGotf 5 . d ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªdf sl/a @# jif{b]lv lqmofzLn 5' . g]kfndf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] ljsl;t ?k oxL @# jif{df b]lvPsf] xf] . @)$^ ;fndf k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgfkl5 ePsf] lghL ;~rf/dfWodx?sf] ljsf;n] ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] cEof;nfO{ ljsl;t ub}{ uof] . clxn] ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ug]]{ ;~rf/sdL{x?dWo] w]/}h;f] k~rfotsfndf ljBfnosf ljBfyL{{ lyof}“ xf]nf, s]xL s]xL ev{/ sn]hdf k|j]z ub}{ lyof}“ xf]nf eg] s]xL ljBfno hfg klg yfn]sf lyPgf}“ xf]nf t/ klg To;a]nf /]l8of]df cfpg] /fli6«o k~rfotsf ultljlw;DaGwL sfo{qmdx? w]/}n] ;'g]s} x'g'k5{ . tL sfo{qmdx?nfO{ clxn] :d/0f ubf{ nfU5, To;a]nf ePsf ;/sf/L ;~rf/dfWodx?n] /fi6«sf] rf}yf] cª\usf ?kdf e"ldsf lgjf{x u/]sf lyPgg\, s]jn k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] lglb{i6 nIodf ;xof]uL e"ldsf v]n]sf lyP .

6ª\s kGt

kqsf/x?nfO{ l/kf]l6{ª ug{ c;lhnf] lyof] . tTsfnLg k|ltlglw;efsf] pQ/kl§ Pp6f sf]7fdf ;"rgf s]Gb| lyof], h;df Ps nfOg 6]lnkmf]g, Ps yfg ˆofS; /

sfo{;"rL pknAw x'Gy] .


d}n] ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ;'¿ u/]b]lv clxn];Dddf tLgk6s ;+;bLo lgjf{rg ePsf] 5 . cfGbf]ngsf] ?kdf ;8saf6 ;+;b\ ;~rfng ePsf] 5 . bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 cGtl/d Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ lgdf{0f ePsf] 5 . klxnf] k6ssf] ;+ljwfg;ef c;kmn ePsf] 5 . clxn] bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efn] ;+ljwfg hf/L u/]kl5 Tof] Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf ?kdf lqmofzLn 5 . elgG5, ;~rf/dfWod Pp6f P]gf xf], h;df ;dfhn] cfkm}“nfO{ b]V5 . ;~rf/dfWoddf ;dfhsf ;an / sdhf]/ kIfx? b]lvG5g\ . k|Zg p7\5, xfdL P]gfsf ?kdf /x]sf ;~rf/sdL{ / ;~rf/ hut\ slt ;kmf 5f}“ < xfdL hlt ;kmf eof], ;dfhn] Tolt g} cfkm"nfO{ k|:6 ?kdf b]Vg ;S5, xfdLn] cfkm"nfO{ ;kmf /fVg ;s]gf}“ eg] ;dfhn] cfgf ;an kIf / b'a{n kIfnfO{ b]Vg ;Sb}g? xfd|f] uNtL oxLaf6 k|f/De x'G5?

@# jif{sf c;kmntfsf] :d/0f d}n] ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª u/]sf] jif{leq ePsf ;+;bLo cEof;x? c;kmn

ePsf 5g\ . ;+;bLo cEof;x? c;kmn eP klg ;+;bLo Joj:yfeGbf csf]{ Joj:yf g]kfnsf nflu pko'Qm /x]g5 eGg] cg'ejx?n] b]vfO;s]sf klg 5g\ . ;+;bLo Joj:yf c;kmn ePsf] 5 eGg'sf s]xL sf/0f 5g\ . t/, o;df ax; klg x'g ;Snf . h] eP klg xfdL;dIf ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf g} b]lvPsf ljs[ltx?nfO{ xn u/]/ cufl8 hfg'eGbf csf]{ ljsNk 5}g . k|hftGq k'gM:yfkgfkl5 @)$* ;fndf lgjf{rg eof] t/ g]kfnL sfª\u|];leq pTkGg ljjfbnfO{ ;dfwfg ug{ g;Sbf tTsfnLg ;+;b\ tLg jif{df g} lj36g eof] / @)%! ;fndf b]z dWofjlw lgjf{rgdf uof] . dWofjlw lgjf{rgaf6 s'g} klg bnn] ax'dt k|fKt ug{ ;s]gg\ / u7aGwg ;/sf/ u7g ug]{ gfddf ljs[ltx?sf] ;'¿cft eof] . @)%@ ;fnaf6 g} g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] ;z:q ljb|f]x ;'¿ u¥of] / ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf cj/f]w cfof] . @)%^ ;fnkl5 csf]{ ;+;bLo lgjf{rg x'g ;s]g . csf]{ lgjf{rg x'g g;Sg] kl/l:ylt x'“bfx'“b} klg t];|f] ;+;b\nfO{ tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL z]/axfb'/ b]pjfn] eª\u u/fpg'eof] . kf“r–kf“r jif{df cfjlws lgjf{rg ug]{ ;+;bLo d"No–dfGotfdf g} k|xf/ eof] eg] :yfgLo lgjf{rg ug{ g;s]/ :yfgLo ;/sf/ gePsf] t !$ jif{ eO;Sof] . oxLaLrdf /fhfn] s" ug]{, /fhflj?4 hgcfGbf]ng ug]{ / u0ftGq :yfkgf ug]{;Ddsf sfo{x? ePsf 5g\ . /fhfn] s" u/]kl5 ePsf hgcfGbf]ng / u0ftGq :yfkgfsf qmddf hgtfdf bnx?k|lt s]xL ck]Iff hfu]sf] eP klg


klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] c;kmntfn] t /fhgLlts bnx? /fHo ;~rfngdf ;kmn x'g ;Sb}gg\ ls eGg];Ddsf] uDeL/ cfzª\sf hGdfPsf] lyof] . t/, bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t g} ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsfn] s]xL cfzf hfu]sf] 5 t/ ljZJf:t x'g] 7fp“ eg] ag]sf] 5}g .

l/kf]l6{ª / k|ljlwdf kl/jt{g xfdLn] ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª k|f/De ubf{sf] ;dodf ;+;b\ ;lrjfno /

;~rf/dfWodsf] ;DaGw ;+;b\ clwj]zge/sf nflu ;+;b\ kf; agfpg] sfddf dfq} s]lGb|t lyof] . ;efd'v ;~rf/d}qL gePsf] cj:yf lyof] eg] To;sf] k|efj :jfefljs ?kdf ;lrjfnodf kYof]{ . ;efd'v / ;lrjfno ;"rgf lbg xf]Og, ;"rgf n'sfpg pBt lyP eGg] xfd|f] a'emfO lyof] . kqsf/x?nfO{ l/kf]l6{ª ug{ c;lhnf] lyof] . tTsfnLg k|ltlglw;efsf] pQ/kl§ Pp6f sf]7fdf ;"rgf s]Gb| lyof], h;df Ps nfOg 6]lnkmf]g, Ps yfg ˆofS; / sfo{;"rL pknAw x'Gy] . ;f] sf]7fdf dGqL / cGo clwsf/Lx?sf ;'/Iff uf8{x? a:g] ePsfn] kqsf/x?sf nflu c;lhnf] lyof] . k|ltlglw;ef jf /fli6«o;efdf ;~rf/dfWodsf nflu 5'6\ofOPsf :yfgx? cToGt ;f“3'/f lyP / Pp6f ;~rf/dfWodaf6 Ps hgfeGbf a9L kqsf/nfO{ kf; lng klg lgs} sl7g cj:yf pTkGg x'GYof] .

t/, qmlds ?kdf s]xL ;'wf/x? b]vf k/] . s]xL ljifout ;ldltsf a}7sx? kqsf/x?sf nflu v'nf ag] . o;n] ;f+;b ;b:ox? / kqsf/x?sf aLrdf x'g] u/]sf] vf8nnfO{ k'b}{ uof] / cln ;'dw'/ ;DaGw aGb} uof] . oxLaLrdf k|ljlwsf] ljsf; x'“b} uP/ df]afOn cfof], h;n] ;Dks{nfO{ cem ;xh agfOlbof] . b'j} k6s ;+ljwfg;efsf cWoIf eP/ P]ltxfl;s e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{cl3sf] ;+;b\df ;'jf; g]Djfª ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] ;efklt ePkl5 eg] Tof] qmd cem ;xh aGb} uof] / n]vf ;ldlt g} kqsfx?sf] sfof{noh:tf] ?kdf ljsl;t eof] . oxLaLrdf g} ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/x? ;d]l6P/ ;+;bLo kqsf/ ;dfhsf] u7g eof], o;n] ;+;b\ ;lrjfno / kqsf/x?aLrdf ;dGjo ug]{ k'nsf] sfd u¥of] . bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 eg] ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ;~rf/dfWodx?sf] k|d'v ;dfrf/ la6 aGg uof] / ;~rf/ pkl:ylt klg ;an aGb} uof] . bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ngkl5 u7g ePsf] Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf] ;efd'v ;~rf/d}qL ePsfn] To;sf] k|efj s]xL ?kdf ;lrjfnodf klg kg{ uof] .


klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgkl5 bftfx?sf] rf;f] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;kmn agfpg] ljifodf s]lGb|t eof], o;n] ubf{ To;sf] k|efj ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªdf klg k¥of] . ;+ljwfg;ef /x]sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df bftfx?sf] ;xof]udf ;"rgf s]Gb| :yflkt eof] . of] s]Gb|df kqsf/x?sf nflu sfd ug{ OG6/g]6;lxtsf sDKo'6/, ˆofS;, 6]lnkmf]g;lxtsf] Joj:yf /x]sf] 5 . cjZo klg o;n] sfdnfO{ w]/} g} ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf] 5 . l;+xb/af/df /x]sf] ;+;b\ ejgleq klg clxn] ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf] sfof{no pknAw ePsf] 5, h;n] kqsf/x?nfO{ yk ;xof]usf] cg'e"lt ePsf] 5 .

h] xf];\, cfd;~rf/sf] zlQm bfloTjlagfsf] zlQm x'“b} xf]Og, xfdLn] s]xL s'/f 5fKb}df jf k|;f/0f ub}{df ;~rf/sdL{sf] lHfDd]jf/L klg k"/f eOxfNb}g . pQ/bfoL k|];n] kqsf/x?nfO{ ux|f}“ ef/ af]sfPsf] x'G5 . gful/sx? hfgsf/ / pQ/bfoL ePsf] cj:yfdf cg'Q/bfoL k|]; af“Rg ;Sb}g, To;}n] gful/snfO{ hfgsf/ agfpg] klg xfd|f] bfloTj xf] . k|]; :jtGqtf df}lns clwsf/ xf] eGg] d"No–dfGotf ;/sf/, Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ / Gofokflnsfsf Jojxf/df cem} emlNsg ;s]sf] 5}g eGbf cTo'lQm x'“b}g . ;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] Pp6f ;~rf/dfWodaf6 Ps jf b'O{ hgfnfO{ dfq} k|]; kf; pknAw u/fpg] u/]sf] 5 . ;fob, a:g] :yfgnufot ljleGg vfn] ;lrjfnosf cfgf afWotf xf]nfg\ t/ of] ;Lldttfn] ljleGg cj:yfdf c;lhnf] ePsf] 5? To;}n] sfd gkbf{ cgfjZos ?kdf ;+;b\df kqsf/x? gcfpg] ePsfn] of] sf]6f k|0ffnLeGbf klg j}1flgs k|0ffnL ckgfpg'k5{ / ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{Ëdf nfdf] cg'ej xfl;n u/]sf kqsf/x?nfO{ nAaL;Ddsf] kx'r lbg] cGt/f{li6«o cEof;nfO{ oxfF klg sfof{Gjog ug{ ca l9nfO{ ug'{x'b}g? ;~rf/df hlt ljsf; ePsf] 5, TolQs} ;'wf/sf] klg h?/L 5? cgnfOgx?sf] ljsf; cfkm}df ;sf/fTds kIf xf] t/ cgnfOgx?df b]lvPsf] ljs[lt x6fpg'kg]{ vfrf] klg TolQs} 5? lgZro g} cgnfOgx?sf] k|efjsf/L Jofj;flos ljsf; ug'{kg]{ 5, h;n] ;+;b\sf ;ldltb]lv cGo ultljlwsf] ck8]6 x'g]5? hlt cBfjlws eof], Tolt ;+;b\ / ;f+;bnfO{ klg k|efjsf/L x'g ;xof]u k'¥ofpg]5 . ;f+;b hlt k|efjsf/L x'G5g\, Tolt lgjf{rg If]qsf] ljsf; / hgd'vL sfg'g aGg ;S5 .

-kqsf/ kGt ;+bbLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf ;+:yfks pkfWoIf x'g\_


;+;b\sf] ljsf; / kqsfl/tf

k|m]Gr efiffdf kfn{/sf] cy{ af]Ng' / 5nkmn ug'{ xf] . oxL zAbnfO{ kl5 …kfln{ofd]G6ÚeGg yflnPsf] ljleGg cWoogdf pNn]v 5 . ljlwsf] zf;gsf] ;'?cft;“u} sfg'g agfpg] cyf{t\ Joj:yflksfsf] ;f]r ljsf; ePsf] kfOG5 . o;}nfO{ kl5 …;+;b\Ú elgPsf] xf] . a]nfotnfO{ g} ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] hggLsf ?kdf lnOG5 .

!#cf}“ ztfAbLsf] cGTolt/ a]nfotaf6 ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] ;'?cft ePsf] Oltxf; kfOG5 . a]nfotL ;+;b\sf] ;g\ !@!% sf] h"g !( sf] P]ltxfl;s 3f]if0ff …DofUgfsf6fÚ -dxfg\ :jtGqtf tyf zf;gkq_df tTsfnLg /fhf hf]gsf] clwsf/ / e"ldsfsf] Jofks s6f}tL ePsf] lyof] . o;} 36gfaf6 ljZjdf klxnf] k6s Joj:yflksf cl:tTjdf cfPsf] dflgG5 . …DofUgfsf6fÚ g} sfg'gL zf;gsf] cfwf/zLnf xf] .

aL;f}“ ztfAbL;Dd cfOk'Ubf o'/f]k / Pl;ofdf ;+;bLo k|hftGq ;a}eGbf nf]slk|o zf;g Joj:yf aGg k'Uof] . clxn] k|hftGq ePsf ;+;f/sf ;a} d'n'sdf Joj:yflksf cyf{t\ ;+;b\ zf;g Joj:yfsf] k|d'v cfwf/ :tDesf

lji0f' ;'j]bL

u'y/L klxnf] ;+;bLo kqsf/ dflgG5g\ . a]nfotsf] …h]G6nDofgÚ

Dofulhgsf ;Dkfbsn] u'y/LnfO{ ;+;b\sf] a}7s / Toxf“sf ultljlwaf/] ;"rgf

;ª\sng ug{ 5b\d e]ifdf v6fPsf lyP .


?kdf :yflkt eO;s]sf] 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yf geP klg ;+o'Qm /fHo cd]l/sfdf b'O{ ;bgfTds Joj:yflksf 5 . cd]l/sL sª\u|];sf] tNnf] ;bg k|ltlglw;ef / dflyNnf] ;bg l;g]6 ljlw lgdf{0f / sfo{kflnsf -zlQmzfnL /fi6«klt_dfly lgoGq0f /fVg] lgsfo x'g\ .

g]kfndf ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] Oltxf; Tolt nfdf] 5}g . @))& ;fnsf] P]ltxfl;s kl/jt{gkl5 @)!% ;fndf klxnf] ;+;b\ lgjf{lrt eof] . ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] cf}krfl/s ofqf oxL“af6 ;'? x'G5 . x'g t @))& ;fnsf] qmflGtkl5 k|ltlglwd"ns ;+:yfsf ?kdf ;Nnfxsf/ ;ef u7g ePsf] lyof] . To;cl3 /f0ff zf;sx?n] ljb]zdf ljsl;t ePsf] ;+;bLo cEof;sf] gSsn ub}{ ef/bf/L ;ef agfPsf lyP . t/, To;df hgtfsf k|ltlglw lyPgg\ / /f0ff zf;sn] kTofPsf efOef/bf/, cfkmGt / s]xL rfs8Lbf/ dfq} lyP .

;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª kqsfl/tfsf] Pp6f ljlzi6 ljwf xf] . c? If]qeGbf of] a9L ;+j]bgzLn / r'gf}tLk"0f{ 5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cEof; g} 5f]6f] ePsfn] g]kfndf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] Oltxf; klg nfdf] x'g] s'/f ePg . cfd;~rf/ / kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf;df xfdL k5fl8 k¥of}“ / ;+;bLo k|hftGqdf klg xfdL w]/]} kl5 dfq ;xefuL ePsf sf/0f ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] xfd|f] Oltxf; klg 5f]6f] x'g k'u]sf] 5 .

o'/f]kdf hf]g u'6gju{n] kGw|f}“ ztfAbLsf] dWolt/ lk|lG6ª k|];sf] ljsf; u/] klg kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf;sf nflu eg] emG8} b'O{ ztfAbL g} s'g'{k¥of] . ;qf}“ ztfAbLaf6 ;dfrf/kqsf] lgoldt k|sfzg ;'? eP klg nfdf] ;do k]|; :jtGqtfsf nflu n]vs / kqsf/n] ;ª\3if{ ug'{k¥of] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] hggL dflgg] a]nfotaf6} ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] cEof; ;'? ePsf] kfOG5 . c7f/f}“ ztfAbLsf] k"jf{4{;Dd klg ;+;b\sf af/]df kqsf/n] :jtGq ?kdf l/kf]l6{ª ug{ kfpg] cj:yf lyPg . k|]; :jtGqtfs} ljifodf a]nfotdf k]|; / ;+;b\aLr nfdf] ;ª\3if{ ePsf] 5 . c7f/f}“ ztfAbLsf] cGTolt/ ;+;b\sf af/]df ;dfrf/ lbg] qmd yfngL ePsf] kfOG5 .

u'y/L klxnf] ;+;bLo kqsf/ dflgG5g\ . a]nfotsf] …h]G6nDofgÚ Dofulhgsf ;Dkfbsn] u'y/LnfO{ ;+;b\sf] a}7s / Toxf“sf ultljlwaf/] ;"rgf ;ª\sng ug{ 5b\d e]ifdf v6fPsf lyP . ;+;b\sf uf]Ko ;"rgf k]|;df cfpg yfn]kl5 a]nfotL ;+;b\ ljz]ifflwsf/sf] xltof/ t];f{P/ k]|;dfly vlgg yfNof] / k|]; / ;+;b\aLr nfdf] åGå eof] . vf; u/L bf];|f]


ljZjo'4kl5 k|]; :jtGqtf / k|hftGqsf] nx/;“u} ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] Jofj;flos ljsf; ePsf] kfOG5 .

g]kfndf kqsfl/tfsf] Oltxf; Ps ztfAbL nfdf] eP klg Joj:yflksf jf ;+;b\sf af/]df l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ tyf ;dfrf/ lbg] rng w]/} kl5 ;'? eof] . ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] s'/f ug'{cl3 kqsfl/tfsf] Oltxf;sf] 5f]6f] rrf{ klg oxf“ ;fGble{s x'G5 .

kqsfl/tfsf] Oltxf; x]bf{ lj=;+= !(%% df df]tL/fd e§sf] ;Dkfbgdf …;'wf;fu/Ú dfl;s klqsf k|sflzt ePsf] kfOG5 . o;}nfO{ g]kfnaf6 g]kfnL efiffdf k|sflzt klxnf] klqsf dflgPsf] 5 . o;cl3 lj=;+= !($# df ef/tsf] agf/;af6 df]tL/fd e§s} ;Dkfbgdf g]kfnL efiffdf …uf]vf{ ef/t hLjgÚ dfl;s klqsf k|sflzt ePsf] lyof] . t/, oL b'j} klqsf ;flxlTos lyP . !(%* df uf]/vfkqsf] k|sfzg ;'?cft;“u} g]kfnL kqsfl/tfsf] cEof; ;'? eof] .

kl5 /f0ff zf;gsf lj?4 cfjfh p7fpg …g]kfn k'sf/Ú, …t?0fÚnufotsf y'k|} kqklqsf k|sflzt eP . @))& ;fnsf] qmflGtkl5 …cfjfhÚ, …;dfhÚh:tf kqklqsf k|sfzg ;'? eof] . ;dfrf/ ;ª\sngsf] sfd ;'? eP klg of] ;+:yfut / Jofj;flos lyPg . @))& ;fncl3sf /f0ff zf;sn] u7g u/]sf] ef/bf/L ;ef h'g Joj:yflksfsf] Pp6f k|f/lDes ?k lyof], Tolta]nf ev{/} kqsfl/tfsf] k|sfzg ;'? ePsfn] ef/bf/L ;ef ;dfrf/sf] ljifo g} aGg kfPg . @))& ;fnsf] kl/jt{gkl5 ag]sf] ;Nnfxsf/ ;efdf klg kqsf/ k|j]z u/]/ ;dfrf/ ;ª\sng ug]{ / 5fKg] sfd ;Dej x'g ;s]g . Toxf“af6 k7fOPsf] ;"rgf / ;fdu|L dfq} lbg] rng lyof] .

@)!% ;fndf lgjf{lrt klxnf] ;+;b\af6 ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] Jofj;flos cEof; ;'? eof] . Tolt g} a]nf ;+;b\df l/kf]l6{ªsf nflu k|]; Uofn/L klg agfOof] . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] cGTo;“u} 5f]6f] ;dod} o;n] lj>fd lnof] . #) jif{ nfdf] lg/ª\s'z k~rfotL Joj:yfdf a]Un} /fhgLlts kl/j]z lyof] . k|hftGqsf] cefjdf Tolta]nf kqsfl/tf tyf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] ljsf; x'g] s'/} ePg . @)$^ ;fnsf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k|hftGq k'gM:yflkt ePkl5 ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] vf; Jofj;flos ofqf ;'? eof] . To;kl5 b; jif]{ ;z:q åGå, /fhfsf] k|ToIf zf;gnufotsf dxÎjk"0f{ /fhgLlts 36gfqmdaf6 ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª k6sk6s k|efljt eof] .


@)^# ;fnsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{gkl5 k'gM:yflkt k|ltlglw;ef / To;kl5 u7g ePsf] cGtl/d ;+;b\df ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª yk Jojl:yt / Jofj;flos eof] . lgjf{lrt ;+ljwfg;ef / ;+ljwfg hf/L ePkl5 ?kfGtl/t ;+;b\df ldl8ofsf] kx'“r / k|efj cem a9]sf] 5 . ;+;b\ tyf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] e"ldsfnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg] lbzfdf klg ldl8ofsf] e"ldsf lgs} dxÎjk"0f{ b]lvPsf] 5 .

;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª c? la6eGbf dxÎjk"0f{ / ;+j]bgzLn x'G5 . /fi6«sf] sfg'g tyf gLlt agfpg] ynf] ;+;b\df vl6g] ;+jfbbftf cg'ejL / bIf x'g'k5{ . k|lzIffyL{ kqsf/ tyf ev{/ k|j]z u/]sfnfO{ ;+;b\df k7fpg' x'“b}g . ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª eg]sf] ;+;b\ tyf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] a}7sdf g]tf tyf ;f+;bx?n] lbPsf] efif0f / Toxf“ x'g] lgoldt ultljlwsf] ;fwf l6kf]6 dfq} xf]Og, ;txdf b]lvPsf / ;'lgPsf ljifo / k|;ª\ueGbf klg leq k;]/ uxg ?kdf ;"rgf vf]Hg' / ljZn]if0f ug'{ ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfsf] bfloTj xf] . t/, kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª a9L a}7sd'vL x'“b} uPsf] 5, o;nfO{ vf]hd"ns agfpg' cfjZos 5 .

;+;b\df x'g] ;a}h;f] ultljlw s'g} g s'g} lx;fan] /fhgLlt;“u hf]l8Psf x'G5g\ . /fhgLlt ga'em]sf] kqsf/n] ;+;b\sf] ultnf] l/kf]l6{ª ug{ ;Sb}g . ;+;bLo lgod, k|lqmof, Joj:yfkg ljlw, sfg'g lgdf{0fsf tf}/tl/sf, k|:tfj btf{ / 5nkmnsf ljlw, ;+;bLo ;ldltsf p2]Zo / sfo{If]qaf/] ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftfnfO{ cfwf/e"t 1fg cfjZos x'G5 .

;+;bLo ;+jfbbftf d'n'ssf] ;+;bLo cEof; tyf /fhgLlts k4ltaf/]df /fd|f];“u hfgsf/ x'g'k5{ . h:t} M ;+;b\sf] e"ldsf s] xf] < o;n] s] s] sfd u5{ <;+;b\sf] lgod / sfo{k|lqmof s:tf] x'G5 < sfg'g lgdf{0f k|lqmof s;/L cl3 a9\5 < ;+;bLo ;ldltx?sf] p2]Zo / sfo{If]q s] xf] < ;ldltdf s] s:tf d'2f p7\5g\ < ;+;bdf k]; ul/Psf / ;ldltdf ljrf/fwLg k|:tfj tyf ljw]osdf 5nkmn s;/L cl3 a9\5 <;f+;bx?sf] e"ldsf tyf ultljlw s] s:tf x'G5g\< ;+;b\df gp7]sf t/ ;f+;bx?n] p7fpg'kg]{ ljifo / d'2fx? s] s] x'g\ < oL kIf tyf k|Zgdf ;+;bLo ;+jfbbftf ;w}“ ;r]t / ;"lrt x'g'k5{ . -…cGgk"0f{ kf]:6Ú b}lgs;“u ;Da4 ;'j]bL ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf k"j{dxf;lrj x'g\ ._


;+;bLo ;ldltx?sf] cEof;

hgtfåf/f lgjf{lrt k|ltlglwx¿sf] ynf]sf ?kdf ;+;bn] ug]{ dxTjk"0f{ sfo{x? o;sf ljleGg ;ldltx? dfkm{t ul/Psf x'G5g\ . blno Joj:yfdf klg ;+;bLo ;ldlt leq ;f+;bx?n] w]/} xb;Dd :jtGq?kdf cfˆgf] ljrf/ JoQm ub{5g\ . ;+;b\leq cfjZostf cg';f/ ljleGg ;ldltx¿ /xG5g\ . tL ;ldltnfO{ ;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] ;xhLs/0f u/]sf] x'G5 . ;+;b a}7s / ;ldltdf ;f+;bn] /fv]sf ljrf/ / lg0f{ox?sf] ljz]if dxTj x'G5 .

;+;bLo ;ldltx¿sf] ljZj Oltxf;d} ;a}eGbf h]7f] ;ldlt ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldlt xf] . a]nfotdf ;g\ !*^! df u7g o; ;ldltn] d'n'sdf ePsf clgoldttfaf/] lgs} ;"Id 9+un] cWoog u/]/ ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg lbg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . g]kfndf klg n]vf ;ldltn] @)$^ sf] kl/jt{g otf lgs} dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Nb} cfPsf] 5 .

k|ltlglw ;ef / /fli6«o ;efsf] lgjf{rg kl5 @)$* ;fn df3 @% ut] ;+;bLo ;ldlt k|0ffnL ljifos 5nkmndf b'j} ;bgsf ;f+;bx?aLr klxnf] cGtlq{mof ePsf] lyof] . Tof] 5nkmnn] :f+;bLo ;ldltsf] e"ldsfnfO{ :ki6

O{Zj/L ;'j]bL

@)%& sf] nfp8f sf08 xf]; jf kl5Nnf] ;dosf kmf:6 6«ofs lgdf{0f, Pdcf/kL 5kfO, o'lg6Ldfkm{t ePsf] 7lu h:tf

7"nf dxTjk"0f{ k|s/0fsf] gfd lnbf n]vf ;ldlt w]/}n] ;DemG5g\ .


u/]sf] lyof] . To;kl5 ;/sf/nfO{ ;+;b\k|lt pQ/bfoL / hjfkmb]xL agfpg, ;/sf/af6 eP u/]sf sfd sf/afxLsf] cg'udg / d"Nof+sng u/L cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg] sfo{ ;ldltx¿af6 x'g] u/]sf] lyof] .

/fHodf ljleGg lgsfoaf6 ePsf cfly{s ckf/bzL{tfsf] ljifodf …dfOqmf] n]anÚaf6} cWoog ul/g] cEof; n]vf ;ldltdf kfOG5 . k|rlnt lgodfg';f/ ljlw k'¥ofO{ vr{ ul/Psf] 5 5}g, h'g sfdsf] nflu vr{ ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] lyof] ;f]xL sfddf ;Lldt /xL vr{ ul/Psf] 5 5}g / ;fj{hlgs ;DklQsf] vr{ ubf{ kfngf ug'{kg]{ cg'zf;gsf] pn+3g ePsf] 5 5}g eg]/ n]vf ;ldltn] hfFRg] u/]sf] 5 . ;+;bLo k|0ffnL ckgfpg] b]zdf ;fj{hlgs n]v ;ldltsf] ;efkltdf ljkIfL bnsf s'g} Ps al/i7 ;b:o /xg] k|rng 5 . o:tf] ;b:o ;s];Dd cy{tGqsf] 1ftf x'g] ub{5g\ .

@)%& sf] nfp8f sf08 xf]; jf kl5Nnf] ;dosf kmf:6 6«ofs lgdf{0f, Pdcf/kL 5kfO, o'lg6Ldfkm{t ePsf] 7lu h:tf 7"nf dxTjk"0f{ k|s/0fsf] gfd lnbf n]vf ;ldlt w]/}n] ;DemG5g\ . @@ j}zfv @)^^ df ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltn] sf7df8f+} lghu9 kmf:6 6«Øfssf ljifodf dx玱jk"0f{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . Tof] lgb]{zgadf]lhd /fhwfgLnfO{ t/fO{;+u hf]8\g] b'qdfu{sf] 6«ofs vf]Ng]sfddf tLa|tf cfPsf] lyof] . g]kfnL ;]gfn] @)&) df 6«ofs vf]Ng]sfd ;DkGg u/] klg lghu9df k|:tfljt bf];|f] cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:yn hf]8\g] b'|tdfu{ lgdf{0fsf] sfd ;'? x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

;ldltn] @)^^ r}t @& df k|lt:kwf{sf] cfwf/df Pdcf/kL vl/b k|lqmofcufl8 a9fpg'kg]{ eGb} ef/tnfO{ Pdcf/kL 5kfpg lbg] ;/sf/sf] tof/LnfO{ vf/]h g} ul/lbPsf] lyof] . To:t}, @)^* c;f/ @ df n]vf ;ldltn] o'lg6Ln] hgtfnfO{ 7u]sf] ljifodf To;sf ;~rfnx¿nfO{{ sf/afxL ug]{ / lglh ;Dkltaf6 Ifltk"lt{ e/fpg] ;d]t n]vf ;ldltn] lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] .

n]vf ;ldltn] h:t} ;+;bsf] /fHo Joj:yf ;ldltn] klg /fli6«o lxtsf ljifodf dxTjk"0f{ lgb]{zg u/]sf] kfOG5 .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo zflGt ld;gcGtu{t ;'8fgsf] 8fkm{/df vl6Psf g]kfn k|x/Lsf] cfd{ k;{gn Sofl/P/ -PkL;L_ Eofg vl/bdf ePsf] e|i6frf/sf] k|s/0fdf ;+;bsf] /fHo Joj:yf ;ldltn] @)^& ;fndf clgoldt sfo{df ;+nUg /x]sf JolQm jf kbflwsf/LnfO{ sfg'gsf] s73/fdf pEofpg lgb]{zg


lbPsf] lyof] . @)^^ c;f]h ! df a;]sf] k|x/L sNof0f sf]if ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sn] PkL;L vl/bsf nflu lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . PkL;L Eofg vl/b ubf{ cToGt} k'/fgf Eofg vl/b ul/ zflGt ld;gdf hfg] g]kfn k|x/Lsf clws[t tyf hjfgn] lgs} 7"nf] b'Mv em]Ng' k/]sf] lyof] . ;ldltsf] lgb]{zg kl5 @)^* ;fndf clVtof/ b'?kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] tLg k"j{k|x/L dxflg/LIfs;lxt #$ k|x/L clwsf/L / b'O{ 7]s]bf/ lj?4 e|i6frf/sf] cf/f]kdf ljz]if cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] lyof] .

ljz]if cbfntn] @)^* kmfu'g ! df PkL;L vl/b k|s/0fdf e|i6frf/ u/]sf] 7x/ ub}{ tLg k"j{cfO{hLkL / b'O{ 7]s]bf/nfO{ hgxL b'O{ jif{ s}b / s/f]8 ?k}ofF hl/jfgf x'g] km};nf u/]sf] lyof] eg] #! k|x/LnfO{ ;kmfO lbPsf] lyof] . ;f] km};nf lj?4 clVtof/n] @)^( h]7 @@ df ;jf]{Rrdf k'g/fj]bg btf{ u/fPsf] lyof] eg] s}b / hl/jfgf km};nf ePsf k"j{cfO{hLkL cf]dljqmd /f0ff, x]daxfb'/ u'?ª / /d]zrGb 7s'/L tyf vl/b k|lqmofsf g]kfnL 7]s]bf/ zDe' ef/tLn] klg a]Unfa]Un} k'g/fj]bg btf{ u/fPsf lyP . ljz]if cbfntsf] km};nfdfly ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] kfFr jif{kl5 @)&# c;f]h ( df;'g'jfO ;'? ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

/fHo Joj:yf ;ldltn] k"j{/fhf jL/]Gb| / pgsf] kl/jf/sf] gfddf ljb]zdf /x]sf] ;DklQ 6«:6sf] :jfldTjdf NofO{ pkof]u ug{sf nflu dxTjk"0f{ lgb]{zgx¿ lbPsf] lyof] . a]nfa]nfdf ;+j}wflgs c+usf kbflwsf/Lsf] l/Qmtf x'Fbf klg /fHo Joj:yf ;ldltn] lgo'lQmsf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ lgb]{zg klg lbFb} cfPsf] lyof] . o;}u/L, ;ldltn] ;hfo dfkmL, ldgfx ug]{ s'/fnfO{ klg ulDe/ ?kdf lnPsf] lyof] . ljleGg cfk/flws lqmofsnfkdf ;+nUg ck/flwx¿nfO{ ;d]t ljleGg bn jf /fhg}lts JolQmx¿sf] bafadf ;/sf/af6 d'2f lkmtf{ lng]

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo zflGt ld;gcGtu{t ;'8fgsf] 8fkm{/df

vl6Psf g]kfn k|x/Lsf] cfd{ k;{gn Sofl/P/ -PkL;L_ Eofg

vl/bdf ePsf] e|i6frf/sf] k|s/0fdf ;+;bsf] /fHo Joj:yf ;ldltn] @)^& ;fndf clgoldt

sfo{df ;+nUg /x]sf JolQm jf kbflwsf/LnfO{ sfg'gsf] s73/fdf

pEofpg lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] .


u/]sf] sfo{ pko'Qm b]lvPg eGb} ;ldltn] cfjZos u[xsfo{ u/L ;+;b\df k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;a} bnsf] ;xdltdf dfq o:tf] sfo{ ug{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] .

oltx'bfx'Fb}} klg ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] k|efjsf/Ltfdf k|Zg lrGxx? klg p7\g] u/]sf 5g\ . ;+;b\df ;ldltx¿n] dx玱jk"0f{ lgb]{zg lbg] qmddf s]xL ljifodf ;DalGwt lgsfosf kbflwsf/LnfO{ g} ;f]Wg] u/]sf] klg kfOPsf] 5 . ;DalGwt lgsfosf dGqL, ;lrj tyf dxflgb]{zssf] ;'emfjsf cfwf/df ;ldltn] lgb]{zg lbFbf o;af6 ;f+;bsf] ljz]ifflwsf/ g} xgg x'g k'Ug] u/]sf] 5 . ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ax';+Vos lgb]{zg sfo{Gjgo x'g g;s]sf] ;ldlts}

clwsf/Lx? jtfp5g\ . sltko ;ldltsf lgb]{zg Pscsf]{ ;Fu aflemg] jf bf]xf]l/g] k|j[lQn] ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] e"ldsfnfO{ sdhf]/ jgfPsf] 5 .

;+;b / ;ldltx?df ePsf 5nkmn / lg0f{ox?sf] Jojl:yt clen]vsf] cefjdf klg y'k}| ;d:of b]vf k/]sf 5g\ . gofFgofF k|ljlwsf] ljsf; eO/x]sf] eP klg ;+;b\sf ;ldltsf a}7sdf cem} klg rSsfaf6 ;ldltsf a}7ssf] /]s8{ ug]{ ul/G5 . ;/n / ;:tf] k|ljlw cfO;Sbf klg ;+;b\ k'/fg} ;f]rsf ;fy rn]sf] b]lvG5 . o;}u/L,

;+;b\df af]n]sf s'/fnfO{ lnlvt, cl8of] / lel8of] u/L tLg} tl/sfaf6 /fVg] ul/G5 . t/, s'g} ;b:on] af]n]sf] s'/f vf]Hg yfNg] xf] eg] To;nfO{ e]§Øfpg xKtf+} nfUg] ub{5 . To;sf] /fd|f] Joj:yfkg x'g h?/L 5 . o;}u/L, ;+;b\df Pp6f dx玱jk"0f{ ;d:ofsf ¿kdf /x]sf] ljifo xf]– efiff cg'jfbsf] ;d:of . ;+;b\df g]kfnL efiffdf af]n]sf] dfq lnlvt 8s'd]G6 e]l6G5, t/ cGo efiffdf af]n]sf] lnlvt 8s'd]G6 agfpg] ul/Psf] 5}g . ef/tLo k|wfgdGqL g/]Gb| df]bLn] lxGbL efiffdf ;+;b\df efif0f u/]kl5 To;nfO{ dfq cg'jfb ul/Psf]

;f+;bn] ;efd'v dfkm{t ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf s]xL dxTjk"0f{ ljifodf a]nfa]nfdf ;efd'vaf6 ;/sf/nfO{ …?lnªÚ x'g] ub{5 eg] ljleGg ;ldltdfkm{t ;/sf/sf] sfdsf/afxLnfO{ cl3 a9fpg lgb]{zg lbg] ul/G5 . ;efd'vsf] ?lnª / ;ldltx¿n] ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf lgb]{zgsf] ljz]if dxTj x'G5 .


lyof] . ;f+;bx¿n] ;+;b\df af]n]sf lxGbL, ef]hk'/L / d}ynLnufotsf cGo efiffnfO{ eg] cg'jfb u/L /flvPsf] 5}g .

;f+;bx¿n] ;+;b\ tyf ;ldltdf cfˆgf] ljrf/ JoQm ubf{ jf dt bh{ ubf{ :jfy{sf] /fhgLlt u5{ ls ub}{g eGg] s'/fn] ljz]if dx玱j /fVb5 . b]z / hgtfsf nflu ul/g] s'g} klg sfdnfO{ ;+;b\af6 cl3 a9\g lbg] jf glbg] eGg] s'/f /fhgLlts bnsf] Ph]G8fdf lge{/ /xG5 . /fhgLlts bnaf6} ;f+;bx¿ lgb]{lzt x'g] x'Fbf ;f+;bx¿ /fhgLlts bnsf] Ph]G8feGbf aflx/ hfg ;s]sf] b]lvb}g . ;f+;bn] ;efd'v dfkm{t ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf s]xL dxTjk"0f{ ljifodf a]nfa]nfdf ;efd'vaf6 ;/sf/nfO{ …?lnªÚ x'g] ub{5 eg] ljleGg ;ldltdfkm{t ;/sf/sf] sfdsf/afxLnfO{ cl3 a9fpg lgb]{zg lbg] ul/G5 . ;efd'vsf] ?lnª / ;ldltx¿n] ;/sf/nfO{ lbPsf lgb]{zgsf] ljz]if dxTj x'G5 .

;+;b\sf] ;efd'v ;bgsf] clwsf/ / dof{bfsf] /Ifs Pj+ ljjfb/lxt ;j{dfGo k|ltlglwsf ¿kdf /x]sf] x'G5 . a]nfotL Oltxf;df ;efd'v ljjflbt e"ldsfdf x'g] uy]{ . ;efd'v ljljflbt x'Fbf ;+;bsf] k|efjsf/Ltfdf x|f; cfpg yfn]kl5 ;efd'vsf] e"ldsf kl/jt{g eO{ t6:y x'g yfn]sf] lyof] . ToxL t6:y e"ldsf cGo ;+;bLo k|0ffnL ckgfpg] b]zdf klg ckgfOPsf] xf] . ;+;b\ / ;ldltx¿sf] sfdsf/afxL tyf cGo ljifodf ePsf sdL sdhf]/Laf/] ;efd'vn] klg 5nkmn u/]/ lgb]{zg lbg'k5{ . g]kfndf ;+;bLo cEof;sf] Oltxf; Tolt nfdf] 5}g, t}klg 5f]6f] ;dod} d'n'ssf] ljsf;df o;n] lgs} dx玱jk"0f{ e'ldsf v]n]sf] eGg'kb{5 .

-/fhwfgL b}lgs ;+j4 n]vs ;'j]bL ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf pkfWoIf x'g\ ._


…ldgL kfln{ofd]G6Úsf] l/kf]l6{ª

g]kfndf ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] Oltxf;sf] cfwf ztfAbL k"/f ePsf] 5 . emG8} ̂ ) jif{ nfdf] Oltxf; eP klg d'n'sn] d'l:snn] 8]9 bzs dfq ;+;bLo nf]stGqsf] cEof; ug{ kfPsf] 5 . @)!% ;fndf ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] pbo eP klg Tof] nfdf] ;do l6s]g . @)$* df k'g/f]bo ePsf] ;+;bLo k|hftGqn] klg Ps bzseGbf nfdf] ult lng ;s]g . @)^# df bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ngsf] kf“r jif{cl3 lj3l6t ;+;b\ k'gM:yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . t/, ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] bfloTj k"/f ug{ g;s]/ klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] cj;fg ePsf sf/0f km]l/ s]xL ;do d'n's ;+;b\ljxLgtfsf] cj:yfdf k'Uof] .

@)!% ;fndf ;+;bLo lgjf{rg eP;“u} g]kfndf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] cf}krfl/s ;'¿cft ePsf] lyof] . Toltv]/ g]kfndf ;Lldt ldl8of lyP, yf]/} kqsf/ / ;~rf/dfWoddf hgtfsf] kx“'r klg Go"g lyof] . t;y{, Jofj;flos ?kdf ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf @)$* sf] ;+;bLo lgjf{rgkl5 g} ePsf] xf] eGg ;lsG5 . To;aLrdf /fli6«o k~rfotsf] l/kf]l6{ª eP klg

;'zLn kGt

/fhgLlts bnsf k|efjzfnL g]tfx?n] af]n]sf s'/fnfO{ dfq ;~rf/dfWodn]

k|fyldstf lbg] u/]sf] cf/f]k klg nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . ;fgf bn tyf gfd grn]sf

;f+;bx?nfO{ ;~rf/dfWodn] dxÎj glbg] u/]sf] pgLx?sf] u'gf;f] 5 .


To;nfO{ ;+;bLo dfldnfsf] kqsfl/tf;“u hf]8\g ldNb}g . @)!% ;fndf e}/j l/;fnnufot s]xL ;Lldt kqsf/n] dfq ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] cg'ej ug'{eof] . g]kfndf …/]l8of] g]kfnÚsf] ev{/ :yfkgf ePsf] tyf ;Lldt ld8of /x]sf sf/0f To;a]nf klg kqsf/x?klg ;Lldt g} lyP . ;+of]un] g]kfnsf] klxnf] ;efd'v s[i0fk|;fb e§/fO{ klg kqsf/ x'g'x'GYof] . g]kfndf ;+;bLo k|hftGqsf] emG8} %* jif{ nfdf] Oltxf; eP klg o; cjlwsf] nfdf] sfnv08 ;+;b\ljxLg /x]sf sf/0f ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf cem};Dd klg kl/kSj aGg g;s]sf] u'gf;f] ;'lgG5 . g]kfnL ;~rf/ If]qdf qmflGt cfPsf] @)%) sf] bzssf] cGTo / @)^) sf] bzssf] ;'¿df g]kfndf ;+;b\ lyPg . @)%* ;fndf ;+;b\ lj37g ePkl5 ;f]xL sfnv08df g]kfndf s}of}“ b}lgs klqsf, PkmPd /]l8of] / 6]lnlehg v'n]sf lyP .

;+;bLo kqsfl/tf cEof; ug{ ;'¿ ePsf] nfdf] ;do eP klg sfg'g s;/L aG5, ljw]osx? s;/L kfl/t x'G5g\ eGg]h:tf ;+;bLo dfldnfsf cfwf/e"t ljifoj:t'df ;d]t kqsf/x? cndlnPsf] kfOG5 . kmn:j?k ;~rf/dfWodx?df ;+;bLo ultljlw;DaGwL unt ;dfrf/ k|jfx eO/x]sf x'G5g\ . ;+;b\sf] Pp6} a}7saf6 s'g} klg ljw]os kfl/t ug{ ldNb}g eGg] cfwf/e"t ljifodf kqsf/x? cndlnPsf] kfOG5 . ;+;b\df s'g} ljw]osdfly ljrf/ ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj :jLs[t x'“bf ljw]os kfl/t eof] eGg] ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ q'l6 af/Daf/ e]l6G5g\ . s'g} klg ljw]os Ps} lbgdf kfl/t ug'{kbf{ sDtLdf klg ;+;b\sf tLgj6f a}7s a:g'kg]{ x'G5 . klxnf] a}7sdf ljw]os 6]an ug]{, bf];|f] a}7sdf ljw]osdfly ;}4flGts 5nkmnkl5 :jLs[t ug]{ tyf ;+zf]wgsf nflu ;do lbg] k|lqmof x'G5 . …g]kfn 6]lnlehgÚh:tf] kl/kSj ;~rf/dfWodn] klg @)^^ ;fndf k]:sL vr{ ljw]os kfl/t ePsf] ;dfrf/nfO{ …ah]6Ú g} kfl/t u/]sf] eg]/ k|;f/0f u/]sf] lyof] .

;+;bLo dfldnfsf] kqsfl/tfsf] bfo/f km/flsnf] 5 . ;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7sdf ;/sf/ u7g, dGqLx?;“usf] k|Zgf]Q/, ;QfkIf / k|ltkIfaLr z"Go / ljz]if ;dodf eO/xg] rsf]{ ax;, ;ª\sNk jf h?/L ;fj{hflgs dxÎjsf] k|:tfjdflysf] 5nkmn, ;+;bLo ;ldltsf a}7s / sfg'g lgdf{0fsf cGo ljifo ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf] bfo/fdf k5{g\ . ;+;bLo cEof;df of] s'/f dxÎjk"0f{ dflgP klg k|Zgf]Q/ ;q kl5Nnf jif{x?df cEof;df cfPsf] 5}g . ;+;b\df af]n]sf ljifo cf}krfl/s / P]ltxfl;s dxÎj /fVg] x'G5g\,


obfsbf ;f+;bx?n] z"Go ;dodf af]n]sf ljifo klg /fd|f] ;dfrf/ aGg] u5{g\ . g]skf Pdfn]sf ;f+;b ;f]dk|;fb kf08]n] @)^# ;fndf z"Go ;dodf af]n]sf] ljifonfO{ klZrd g]kfnsf] >Lgu/ PkmPdn] d'Vo ;dfrf/ agfPsf] lyof] . hDdf Ps ldg]6sf] z"Go ;dodf ;f+;b kf08]n] åGåsfndf hnfOPsf] …g]kfn 6]lnlehgÚsf] 6fj/ k'gMlgdf{0f tyf tfg;]g em8]jfsf] ;8s dd{tsf] dfu /fv]sf lyP . @)!% ;fnsf ;f+;b sdn/fh /]UdL To;a]nf ;~rf/dfWoddf ;+;b\sf] s'/f cToGt sd cfpg] u/]sf] :d/0f u5{g\ . …Ps t To;a]nf ;a}sf] 3/df /]l8of] lyPg, 6LeL t g]kfnd} lyPg, ;Lldt cvaf/ klg sf7df8f}“df dfq lyP .Ú k"j{;f+;b Sansf] sfo{qmddf e]l6Psf /]UdLn] :d/0f ;'gfP .

;+;bLo ;ldlt M ;dfrf/sf] vfgL;+;bLo dfldnfsf] lgoldt

l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/n] ;+;bLo ;ldltdf a:bf /fhgLlt;“u} cy{tGq, hn;|f]t, ljsf;, ;/sf/sf lgoldt sfd, ;'zf;g / ljwfosL sfdaf/] 1fg xfl;n ug{ kfp“5g\ . cy{ ;ldltsf] a}7sdf b]zsf] cy{tGqsf] cj:yfaf/], k//fi6« ;ldltdf j}b]lzs ;DaGwsf

af/], hn;|f]t ;ldltdf hnljB't\ / kfgLsf] cy{ /fhgLltsf] ljifodf 1fg xfl;n x'g] dfq xf]Og, l/kf]l6{ªsf nflu cg]s ljifo km]nf k5{g\ .

;+;bLo Joj:yfdf ;+;bLo ;ldltnfO{ …ldgL kfln{ofd]G6Ú klg eGg] ul/G5 . ;a} ljifo ;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7sdf 5nkmn ug{ ;Dej gx'g] ePsfn] ;+;bLo ;ldltdf 5nkmn ul/G5 . ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] hggL a]nfotdf klg ;+;bLo ;ldltnfO{ zlQmzfnL dflgG5 . a]nfotdf ;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7s eGbf klg ;+;bLo ;ldltn] ;lqmotfk"j{s sfd ug]{ u5{g\ . @)%! ;fneGbf cl3;Dd …ldgL kfln{ofd]G6Ú elgg] ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] ;dfrf/ ;ª\sng kqsf/sf nflu lgs} sl7g ljifo lyof] . ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] em\ofnaflx/ pleP/ jf s'g} ;f+;b;“u ljz]if ;DaGw :yflkt u/]/ dfq ;ldltsf 5nkmn / lg0f{o yfxf x'GYof] . @)%) ;fndf wldhf sf08 -g]kfn jfo'

;+;b\df af]n]sf ljifo cf}krfl/s / P]ltxfl;s dxÎj /fVg] x'G5g\, obfsbf ;f+;bx?n] z"Go ;dodf af]n]sf ljifo klg /fd|f] ;dfrf/ aGg] u5{g\ .


;]jf lgudsf] hg/n ;]N; Ph]G6, a]nfotL gful/ssf] lgo'lQm;DaGwL ljjfb_dflysf] 5nkmndf n]vf ;ldltdf klxnf] k6s kqsf/n] k|j]z kfPsf lyP . Tolta]nf n]vf ;ldltsf] ;efklt /fwfs[i0f d}gfnL lyP . kl5 @)%! ;fndf dWofjlw lgjf{rg ePkl5 tTsfnLg ;efklt x[bo]z lqkf7Ln] n]vf ;ldltdf kqsf/nfO{ k|j]z lbnfPsf lyP . kqsf/ k|j]z u/fpg n]vf ;ldltsf ;lrj ;f]daxfb'/ yfkfn] ljz]if kxn u/]sf lyP . n]vf ;ldltdf kqsf/ k|j]z u/fOPsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ cfnf]rgf klg ePsf] lyof] . nfdf] ;dob]lv n]vf ;ldltsf] ;lrj /x]sf ;+;b\ ;lrjfnosf ;lrj ;f]daxfb'/ yfkf ;+;bLo ;ldltdf kqsf/nfO{ kx'“r lbPsfdf cfnf]rgf v]Kg'k/]sf] :d/0f u5{g . …k|];nfO{ ;ldltdf k|j]z lbP/ ;a} ;"rgf aflx/ uof] / k|];sf cufl8 ;a} ljifo 5nkmn ug{ sl7g eof] eg]/ cfnf]rgf eof],Ú @@ jif{cl3sf] 36gf :d/0f ub}{ yfkf eG5g\– …k|];sf sf/0f ;ldltsf] ultljlw hgtfdf uO/x]sf] 5 eg]/ slGeG; u¥of}“, kl5 ;a} ;ldlt v'nf ug]{ glh/ a:of] .Ú @)%^ ;fnkl5 n]vf ;ldltsf] ;efklt ePsf ;'jf; g]Djfª -kl5 ;efd'v / ;+ljwfg;ef cWoIf_n] ;+;bLo ;ldltdf kqsf/ k|j]znfO{ yk ;xh agfOlbP .

;+;bLo ;ldlt / ultljlwdf kqsf/x?sf] kx'“rsf nflu g]kfn blIf0f Pl;ofs} nflu pbfx/0f / uf}/jsf] ljifo ag]sf] 5 . ef/tnufot ;+;bLo Joj:yf ckgfPsf s}of}“ b]zx?df ;+;bLo ;ldltdf g]kfnL kqsf/hlQsf] v'nf kx'“r k'u]sf] 5}g . aª\unfb]z / kfls:tfgn] cf+lzs ?kdf vf]n]sf 5g\ . g]kfnL kqsf/n] nAaL l/kf]l6{ªafx]s k|foM cGo ;'ljwf pkof]u ug{ kfPsf 5g\ . ;g\ !(($ df ePsf] ;fs{sf n]vf ;ldltsf ;efklt / ;lrjx?sf] ;Dd]ngdf ef/tsf] n]vf ;ldltsf ;efklt d'/f/Ldgf]x/ hf]zLn] n]vf ;ldltdf k|];nfO{ v'nf ul/Psfdf cfnf]rgf u/]sf lyP, ef/tafx]ssf b]zn] eg] :jfut u/] . a]nfotdf eg] ;+;bLo ;ldltsf a}7s 6]lnlehgaf6 nfOe ul/Psf] x'G5 .

kqsf/x?sf nflu ;+;bLo ;ldlt ;dfrf/sf] …vfgLÚ g} xf] . ;dfrf/ n]Vg dfq geO{ cltl/Qm ljifosf] hfgsf/Lsf nflu klg ;+;bLo ;ldlt kqsf/sf nflu kf7zfnf g} dfGg ;lsG5 . s'g} klg ;/sf/L sfof{no k|d'vn] kqsf/nfO{ ;Lldt ;"rgf lbP/ 6fg{ vf]H5 . t/, ;+;bLo ;ldltnfO{ 9f“6\g ufx|f] x'G5 . ;+;b\ tyf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf ;fdfGo


ultljlw ;~rf/dfWoddf kof{Kt cfP klg sfg'g agfpg]÷;+zf]wg ug]{ ljwfogL sfdsf] eg] kof{Kt sd/]h gePsf] ;f+;bx? atfp“5g\ . sfg'g Joj;foL;d]t /x]sf g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{sf ;f+;b nId0fnfn s0f{ eG5g\– …;+;b\df ePsf cf/f]k÷k|Tof/f]ksf ;dfrf/ kof{Kt cfP klg ljwfosL sfdsf af/] ;~rf/dfWodn] kof{Kt se/]h u/]sf] b]lvPg .Ú

;+;b\sf] ljsf;, cy{, s[lif tyf hn;|f]t ;ldltn] u/]sf ;fdfGo sfdsf] kof{Kt rrf{ eP klg ljwfog ;ldltdf ePsf] uDeL/ 5nkmnaf/] eg] ;~rf/dfWoddf vf;} ;dfrf/ gcfPsf] ;DalGwt ;ldltsf ;b:ox? u'gf;f] u5{g\ . d'n'sL P]g ;+zf]wgh:tf dxÎjk"0f{ ljw]osdflysf] 5nkmndf ckjfbafx]s kqsf/ pkl:yt x'“b}gg\ eGg] pgLx?sf] u'gf;f] 5 . ljw]osdfly ePsf 5nkmn / ;+;b\df ljw]os c8\lsg'sf] sf/0faf/] ;~rf/dfWodn] vf]tNg] k|of; vf;} u/]sf] b]lv“b}g . sfg'g lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof emGeml6nf] x'g' / ljw]osdflysf] bkmfjf/ 5nkmn nDa]tfg x'g'n] klg bkmfjf/ 5nkmnsf] k|lqmofdf kqsf/n] vf;} rf;f] glbPsf] x'g'k5{ .

@)^# df k'gM:yflkt k|ltlglw;ef, cGtl/d–Joj:yflksfsf] ;efd'vsf] cg'ej ;“ufn]sf ;+ljwfg;efsf k"j{cWoIf ;'jf; g]Djfª ;+;b\ / kqsf/aLrsf] c;n ;DaGwn] dfq nf]stGq alnof] x'g] atfp“5g\ . obfsbf ;+;bLo ;ldltdf cfpg] gof“ kqsf/ ;+;bLo ;ldltdf ;f+;bx? a:g] s';L{df al;lbg], kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf h:tf] ;efklt;“u k|Zg ;f]Wg] k|of; ug]{, rsf]{ xf“:g] / xNnf ug]{h:tf cdof{lbt sfd ug]{ u/]sf] ;lrjfnosf clwsf/Lx? atfp“5g\ .

@)&@ j}zfvdf ;+;b\sf] n]vf ;ldlt a}7sdf Ps hgf kqsf/n] ljZj]Gb| kf;jfg af]Nb} ubf{ …dfggLo ;b:osf] gfd s] xf] <Ú eg]/ rsf]{ ?kdf k|Zg u/]kl5 kf;jfgn] ;ldltsf] dof{bfsf nflu ;efkltsf] …?lnªÚ dfu u/]sf lyP . k|wfgGofofwLz ;'zLnf sfsL{sf] ;'g'jfOsf qmddf Ps hgf ;f+;bn] clVtof/ k|d'v nf]sdfgl;+x sfsL{sf af/] Pp6f k|Zg u/]sf lyP . hjfkmsf qmddf sfsL{n] ;f] k|Zgsf] hjfkm lbOgg\, h;af/]df ;f+;bn] k|ltk|Zgsf] hjfkm dfu]gg\ . t/, Ps hgf kqsf/n] …nf]sdfgsf] k|Zgsf] hjfkm cfPgÚ eg]/ rsf]{ :j/df af]Ng] dfq xf]Og, ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf sd{rf/L;“u …v} nf]sdfgsf] k|Zgsf] hjfkm t cfPg t ÛÚ eg]/ ;fdfGo dof{bfaflx/sf] l6Kk0fL u/]sf lyP .


@)^& ;fndf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] Pp6f ;dfrf/ ljB'tLo ;~rf/dfWoddf To:t} q'l6 bf]xf]l/of] . alb{of /fli6«o lgs'~hdf t}gfy ;'/Iffkmf}haf6 :yfgLo dlxnfsf]] xTof ;DaGwdf ul7t ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] ;dfrf/df ;+of]hssf] gfdd} ljjfb b]lvof] . ;+;bLo ;ldlt;“u uPsf ljz]if1 8f= xl/x/ j:tLnfO{ ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs eg]/ ;dfrf/ k|;fl/t ePsf] lyof] . ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs ;f+;b dfq} x'g ;S5g\ eGg] ;fdfGo tYosf] x]Ssf g/fVbf To:tf] unt ;dfrf/ k|]lift ePsf] lyof] .

;+ljwfg;efM l;sfO cj;/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] l/kf]l6{ª ug{ kfpg' g]kfnL kqsf/x?sf nflu P]ltxfl;s

cj;/ lyof] . kl5Nnf jif{x?df ;+;bLo dfldnfsf] l/kf]l6{ª g]kfnL kqsf/x?sf] cfsif{0fsf] s]Gb| ag]sf] b]lvG5 . ;+;b\ ;lrjfno ;"rgf tyf hg;Dks{ zfvfsf cg';f/ ;+ljwfg;ef l/kf]l6{ªsf nflu % ;o %) kqsf/n] kf; lnPsf lyP . ha ls cGtl/d Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf] l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/sf] ;ª\Vof ;osf] xf/fxf/Ldf dfq lyof] . ev{/} kqsfl/tf k];fdf cfPsf …l;sf?Ú kqsf/;d]t l/kf]l6{ª ug{ cfPsf sf/0f obfsbf ;+ljwfg;efsf] ;dfrf/df s]xL q'l6 / sdhf]/L b]lvP . ;+ljwfg;ef / Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf] leGgtfaf/] ;d]t hfgsf/L g/fVg] kqsf/sf sf/0f ;dfrf/df uNtLx? bf]xf]l/P . h:tf] ls, ;+ljwfg;efsf] …k|fs[lts ;|f]t, cfly{s clwsf/ tyf /fh:j af“8kmf6 ;ldltÚ / Joj:yflksf ;+;b\sf] …k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwg ;ldltÚsf] gfdaf/] unt ;dfrf/ k|jfx eO/x] .

/fhgLlts bnsf k|efjzfnL g]tfx?n] af]n]sf s'/fnfO{ dfq ;~rf/dfWodn] k|fyldstf lbg] u/]sf] cf/f]k klg nfUg] u/]sf] 5 . ;fgf bn tyf gfd grn]sf ;f+;bx?nfO{ ;~rf/dfWodn] dxÎj glbg] u/]sf] pgLx?sf] u'gf;f] 5 . …;fgf bn / ;LdfGts[t ;d'bfosf ;f+;bn] af]n]sf]

@)%) ;fndf wldhf sf08 -g]kfn jfo' ;]jf lgudsf] hg/n ;]N; Ph]G6, a]nfotL gful/ssf]

lgo'lQm;DaGwL ljjfb_dflysf] 5nkmndf n]vf ;ldltdf klxnf]

k6s kqsf/n] k|j]z kfPsf lyP . Tolta]nf n]vf ;ldltsf] ;efklt

/fwfs[i0f d}gfnL lyP .


s'/fnfO{ ldl8ofn] n]Vb}gg\, ;ª\3Lo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{ -y?x6_sL ;f+;b ?sdl0f rf}w/L elG5g\– …7"nf bnsf g]tfx?n] af]n]sf ;a} s'/f ;dfrf/ aGg] / ;fgf bnsf g]tfn] af]n]sf] s'/fnfO{ Wofg glbg] k|j[lQ 5 .Ú

;+;bLo dfldnfsf] l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/x?sf s}of}“ ;d:of 5g\ . k~rfotsfnLg ;+/rgf /x]sf] ;+;b\ ;lrjfnoaf6 Jojl:yt 9ª\un] ;"rgf kfpg sl7g 5 . ;+;bLo ;ldlt ;f“3'/f 5g\, ;~rf/dfWodsf] ljsf; / ;ª\Vof j[l4 cg';f/ kqsf/x?sf nflu a:g] 7fp“ cefj 5 . ;~rf/dfWod eg]s} /f;;, g]kfn 6]lnlehg, uf]/vfkq / /]l8of] g]kfn eGg] e|daf6 ;lrjfnosf sltko clwsf/L d'Qm 5}gg\ . ;+;bLo ;ldltdf pkl:yt kqsf/nfO{ lbg}kg]{ ;"rgf jf sfuhft lbg'kbf{ sd{rf/Lx? cfˆgf] JolQmut ;DklQ lbPsf] h:tf]

Jojxf/ u5{g\? o:tf] k|j[lQsf sf/0f ljB'tLo ;~rf/dfWod / To;df klg 7"nf] hg;ª\VofnfO{ ;"rgf lbg] /]l8of] kqsf/ ;a}eGbf kLl8t 5g\ .

/]l8of] / cgnfOg kqsf/x?sf] ;ª\3if{sf sf/0f ldl8of ;]G6/;Ddsf] kf; lbP klg Uofn/L a}7ssf] k|j]z kf; kfpg nfdf] ;do ;ª\3if{ ug'{k¥of] . ;+ljwfg;ef a;]sf] cGt/f{li6«o ;Dd]ng s]Gb|df agfOPsf] ;"rgf ;]G6/ 6]lnlehgd}qL dfq 5,

/]l8of]sf kqsf/nfO{ cfjfh /]s8{ ug]{ s'g} 7fp“ 5}g . nfvf}“ >f]tf ePsf /]l8of]x?n] cToGt sd u'0f:t/o'Qm …afO6Ú ahfpg'kg]{ lj8Dagf /x\of] .

kl5Nnf lbgdf cfsif{0fsf] s]Gb| ag]sf] ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª r'gf}tL/lxt eg] 5}g . cGo ;/sf/L lgsfosf] h:t} ;+;b\sf] j]a;fO6 ck8]6 x'“b}g . @)&@ ;fn sflQsdf ;~rf/dGqL eO;s]sf z]/wg /fO{nfO{ ;+;b\sf] j]a;fO6df @)&# c;f/;Dd klg ;'zf;g tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] ;efkltsf] ?kdf g} 5f]l8Psf] lyof] . ;/sf/L sfdsfhnfO{ klg ljB'tLo -O{–ueg]{G;_ agfpg] tof/L eO;Sbf ;d]t clwsf+z ;+;bLo ;ldlt kqsf/nfO{ Od]n ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . ;+;bLo dfldnfsf] l/kf]l6{ªnfO{ kl/kSs agfpg /fHosf

ljw]osx? s;/L kfl/t x'G5g\ eGg]h:tf ;+;bLo dfldnfsf cfwf/e"t ljifoj:t'df ;d]t kqsf/x? cndlnPsf] kfOG5 . ;+;b\df s'g} ljw]osdfly ljrf/ ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj :jLs[t x'“bf ljw]os kfl/t eof] eGg] ;dfrf/ ;Dk|]if0f ug]{ q'l6 af/Daf/ e]l6G5g\ .


tkm{af6 kqsf/sf] Ifdtf clej[l4 ug]{ vfnsf cled'vLs/0f tflndnufot sfo{qmd ug{ h?/L 5 .

:jfy{ ;d"xsf] cv8fg]kfndf ePsf e|i6frf/ / clgoldttfsf 7"nf 3f]6fnf klg ;+;bLo

;ldltn] g} kbf{kmf; u/]sf 5g\ . nfp8f sf08, wldhf sf08 jf ;'8fgsf] 8fkm{/df zflGt ld;gdf g]kfn k|x/Lsf nflu aGbf]a:tLsf ;fdu|L vl/bdf ePsf] e|i6frf/sf] kbf{kmf; ;+;bLo ;ldltn] u/]sf lyP . d]l;g l/8]jn kf;kf]6{ -Pdcf/kL_sf] 7]Ssf;DaGwL ;Demf}tf ;Rrfpg] lg0f{o, g]kfn ko{6g af]8{ / clvn g]kfn km'6an ;ª\3 -PGkmf_df ePsf] clgoldttf klg ;+;bLo ;ldltn] aflx/ NofPsf] xf] . Pg;]nnfO{ s/ ltg{ afWo kfg]{ sfd klg ;+;bLo ;ldltsf] bafasf sf/0f ;Dej ePsf] lyof] .

t/, kl5Nnf] ;dodf :jod\ ;f+;bx? :jfy{ ;d"xsf] ?kdf sfd ug{ nfluk/]h:tf] b]lvG5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL ljw]os -aflkmof_ / lzIff P]g cf7f}“ ;+zf]wg ljw]os ;DaGwdf ;f+;bx?n] ljwfosL bfloTjeGbf sltko ;f+;bx?n] :jfy{ ;d"xsf] Ph]G6sf ?kdf sfd u/] . a}+s / ljQLo ;+:yfsf ;~rfnsx? cfkm}“ pk;ldltdf a;]/ cfkm" cg's"n ljw]os kfl/tsf] sf]l;; u/], k/Gt' rf}tkmL{ lj/f]wkl5 ;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7sn] sltko bkmfsf k|fjwfgsf] k'gMljrf/sf nflu ;+;bLo ;ldltdf k7fOlbof] . g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo Oltxf;df ;f+;bx? :jod\n] olt e2f nlaª ;fob} u/]sf lyP . ;~rf/dfWoddf kqsf/x?n] lg/Gt/ ;dfrf/ n]v]sf sf/0f klg ;+;b\n] ljw]os ;ldltdf kmsf{Olbof] .

ljsf; lj/f]wL klg sltko cj:yfdf ;+;bLo ;ldltsf lgb]{zgn] ljsf; lgdf{0fsf sfd

k|efljt ePsf pbfx/0f klg 5g\ . h:tf] M ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] lgb]{zgsf sf/0f rd]lnof hnljB't\ cfof]hgf lgdf{0fsf] sfd s]xL dlxgf /f]lsof] . sfd /f]ls“bf cfof]hgf nfut dfq} a9]g, nf]8;]l8ªsf] rsf]{ df/df k/]sf] d'n'snfO{ yk ;do /fxt lbg ;s]g .

;+;b\sf] s[lif tyf hn;|f]t ;ldltsf k"j{;efklt uug yfkf ;ldltdf Ps lsl;dsf] 5nkmn eP klg ldl8ofdf cs}{ ljifo xfOnfO6 eP/ cfpg] atfp“5g\ . …xfdLn] kf]ln;Lsf] s'/f ul//x]sf x'G5f}“ t/ ldl8ofdf ;]G;];gn s'/f ;dfrf/ ag]/ cfOlbG5,Ú pgL eG5g\– …h:tf] ls, ;+;bLo ;ldltdf


/f;folgs dnsf] pkof]u;DaGwL kf]ln;L n]ansf 5nkmn x'G5 t/ ldl8ofdf /f;folgs dndf wf“wnL eof] eGg]h:tf] ;dfrf/ cfp“5 .Ú kqsf/nfO{ ljifoj:t'sf] 1fg / ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] ;Lk cefj ePsfn] tflnd cfjZos ePsf] ;efklt yfkfsf] egfO 5 . yfkfn] g} klxnf] k6s ;+;bLo ;ldltdf ljifo lj1sf ?kdf kqsf/nfO{ ;d]t ;xefuL u/fpg] lg0f{o u/]sf lyP, h'g ;+;bLo cEof;df gf}nf] / b'n{e cEof; xf] . …;ldltdf kqsf/x?nfO{ ;d]t af]Ng lb“bf o;n] 5nkmnsf] Sjfln6L a9fp“5, cWoog ug]{ 6f]nLdf ;xefuL u/fpg] k|of; u/]sf 5f}“,Ú yfkfn] eg] .

gLlt lgdf{0f d'Vo p2]Zo eP klg ;+;bLo ;ldltn] sltko cj:yfdf cbfntL efiffsf] k|of]u ub}{ …5fglag g;lsP;Dd tTsfnsf nflu /f]Sg"Ú eGg] lgb]{zg lbg] u/]sf 5g\ . o:tf lgb]{zgsf sf/0f l9nf;':tL ug]{ clwsf/LnfO{ axfgf alglbG5 eg] cfof]hgf ;dod} ;DkGg x'gdf ljnDa x'g] u/]sf] 5 .

-n]vs kGt ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf k"j{dxf;lrj x'g\ ._


;f+;bM ljlw lgdf{tf ls ljsf;] sfo{stf{ <

• ( df3 @)&@ df Joj:yflksf–;+;b\n] s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]os kfl/t u¥of] . g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf ;f+;bafx]s cGo bnsf ;f+;bx?n] ljw]os kfl/t ul/of] eGg] k|:tfjsf] kIfdf 6]an 7f]s] . t/, ljw]os k|df0fLs/0fsf] d;L ;'Sg gkfp“b} 6]an 7f]Sg] ltg} ;f+;bn] eGg nfu]– …;/sf/n] sfnf]ahf/Ldf ;+nUgnfO{ lsg ;hfo 36fPsf] < xfdLnfO{ hjfkm rflxof] .Ú

• @@ h]7 )&# df ;+;b\n] lzIff P]g cf7f}“ ;+zf]wg ljw]os kfl/t u¥of] . ;ldltdf nfdf] bkmfjf/ 5nkmn / w]/} ;+zf]wgaLr ljw]os cg'df]bg eof] . ;a} ;f+;bn] ljw]ossf] 6]an 7f]s]/ cg'df]bg u/] . t/, k|df0fLs/0f gx'“b} ;f+;b eGg yfn]– …lghL :s'n vf]Ng /f]s nufPsf] yfx} ePgÚ1

1 lzIff ljw]os ;+;b\af6 kfl/t ePkl5 sDkgLdf btf{ eO{ lghL ljBfno vf]Ng /f]s u/]sf] ljifodf …;]tf]kf6L 86sdÚn] ;f+;bx?;“u s'\/fsfgL ubf{ clwsf+z ;f+;bn] ljw]ossf] pQm k|fjwfg /fv]sf] hfgsf/L gePsf] atfPsf 5g\ . sltkon] ljw]os kfl/t ePsf]

gf/fo0f sfˆn]

…xfdL ltdLnfO{ zf;s :jLsf/ u5f}{+, sfg'g cg';f/ s/ lt5f}{+, ltdLn] agfPsf]

sfg'g dfG5f}“ . t/, ltdLn] ug]{ sfd–sf/afxL xfdLn] lbPsf] dtflwsf/sf]

;Ddfg ug]{ u/L x'G5 .Ú


ljlwlgdf{tf ;f+;bx?n] sfg'g lgdf{0fk|lt slt rf;f] /fV5g\ eGg] a'em\gsf nflu dflysf b'O{ pbfx/0f kof{Kt 5g\ . sfg'g lgdf{tfx? ljsf;] clestf{ aGg dfq ?rfp“bf kl5Nnf lbgdf ;+;b\ d"n bfloTjaf6 ljd'v x'“b} 5 . To;sf/0f gof“ sfg'g lgdf{0fsf] ax; lkmSsf dfq 5}g, b"/ufdL ljifodf sltko :jfy{ ;d"x xfjL x'g yfn]sf 5g\ . t/, of] la8Djgfk|lt ;+;b\, ;f+;b / …jfr8uÚsf] e"ldsf v]Ng'kg]{ cGo lgsfo a]va/h:t} 5g\ .

;+;bLo Joj:yfdf hgk|ltlglw hgtfsf] dtflwsf/ lnP/ ljlw lgdf{0f ynf]df cfOk'U5g\ . ;fdflhs s/f/sf] l;4fGt cg';f/ hgk|ltlglwnfO{ hgtfsf] afrf x'G5– …xfdL ltdLnfO{ zf;s :jLsf/ u5f}{+, sfg'g cg';f/ s/ lt5f}{+, ltdLn] agfPsf] sfg'g dfG5f}“ . t/, ltdLn] ug]{ sfd–sf/afxL xfdLn] lbPsf] dtflwsf/sf] ;Ddfg ug]{ u/L x'G5 .Ú t/, olta]nf ;f+;b;fd' g}lts k|Zg p7]sf] 5, s] ltdL hgtfsf] bL3{sfnLg lxt / ;f]rsf nflu sfg'g agfO/x]sf 5f} <Ú olb 5}gf} eg] ltdLn] s/f/Lo l;4fGt cg';f/ hgtf;“usf] ;Demf}tf eª\u u/]sf 5f} . ltdLnfO{ hgtfn] lbPsf] dtfb]zsf] j}wflgstf k/LIf0fdf 5 . ;fdfGo ?kdf ljwflosfsf oL csd{0otfsf] hjfkm ;a};“u algagfp g} 5g\ . ;fdfGo JolQmnfO{ g} ;f]Wg";\, p;sf] ;Lwf hjfkm x'G5– …xfd|f ;f+;b cWoogzLn 5}gg\, ljifoj:t'df 1fg 5}g, :jfy{ ;d"xsf] rª\u'ndf 5g\ . ;f/f+zdf oL egfO cg'ko'Qm geP klg ;d:ofsf] r"/f] lgjf{rg k|0ffnLb]lv g} hf]l8Psf] 5 . lgjf{rg k|0ffnLsf] ljs[t ?k Joj:yflksfsf] sfd–sf/afxLdf emlNsPsf] 5 . cflv/ ljwflosfsf] u'0ffTdstf ljwfos;“u} hf]l8G5 .

k|hftflGqs Joj:yfsf] k'gM:yfkgfkl5 ckgfOPsf] pbf/ cy{ Joj:yf cg';f/ /fHosf ;|f]t / ;fwg ljljwLs/0f ePsf 5g\ . ljwfosx? cfˆgf] bfloTj;Fu} la:tf/} ljsf;] clestf{sf] e"ldsfdf ;lqmo 5g\ . dfgf} pgLx? ljlw lgdf{tfeGbf ljsf;] clestf{df a9L e"ldsf vf]Hb} 5g\ / ;fdfGo sd{rf/Lsf] e"ldsfnfO{ zlQmzfnL dfGb} 5g\ . ;'zf;g / pQ/bfloTjk"0f{ Joj:yf ;~rfngsf nflu ljlwsf] lgdf{0feGbf wf/f, kfgL, k"n, k'n];f], af6f], dlGb/ lgdf{0f alnof Ph]G8f aGb} 5g\ . /fHosf] tNnf] tx :yfgLo lgsfon] k"/f ug]{ Ph]G8fsf nflu hgtf ;f+;bsf] d'v tfSb} 5g\ . ;fob

g} hfgsf/L gePsf] klg k|ltlqmof lbPsf 5g\ . ;dfrf/ http://setopati.com/raajneeti/49253/ lnª\sdf k9\g ;lsG5 .


hgtfsf] of] unt ck]Iffsf] l;sf/ st} g st} ;f+;b eO/x]sf 5g\ . d'Vo e"ldsf ljwfg lgdf{0feGbf ;fgfltgf ljsf;] Ph]G8f / emd]nfdf ;f+;b clNemPsf 5g\ . /fxbfgL, gful/stf, lnvt kfl/th:tf sfd pgLx?dfly ef/L k/]sf 5g\ .

lgjf{rg k|0ffnLn] af]sfPsf] af]em ;f+;bdfly y'lk|Psf] 5 . k|ToIf lgjf{rg n8\g k};f / zlQm dxÎjk"0f{ eO;s]sf] 5 . b'j} gx'g]n] r'gfj lhTg t s] l6s6 bfaL ug{;d]t c;Dej x'“b} hfg yfn]sf] 5 . of] hl6ntf tf]8\g] Ps dfq ljsNk ePsf] 5– …;f+;b ljsf;] sfo{stf{ x'g' .Ú wf/f, kfgL, lah'nL, k"n, k'n];fsf kmf/d h;n] a9L af]Sof], pxL lgjf{lrt x'g' . Tolt dfq xf]Og, ;dfg'kflts Joj:yfn] cem ;d:of yk]sf] 5 . lj1tf df]ndf]nfOsf] r/dr'nL k'u]sf] 5, h;sf sf/0f …tLg kÚ cyf{t\ kb, k};f / kx'“rdf ;f+;b lsga]rsf] Joj;fo agfOPsf] ljleGg 36gfqmdx?df rrf{ x'g] u5{ . k};f / kx'“rdf cfpg] ljwfosaf6 sfg'g lgdf{0fdf lj1tf vf]Hg' csf]{ unt cfsfª\Iff x'G5 . h:tf] M ljwfosaf6 sfg'geGbf ljsf; vf]Hg] hgtfsf] cfsfª\Iff 5 .

d:of}bfb]lv g} ;d:ofsfg'g lgdf{0fsf] cfwf/e"t l;4fGtn] eG5– …sfg'g ;dfhsf] cfjZostf,

ultzLntf / kl/jt{g;“u} ;dfhn] ckgfPsf gjLgtd pknlAwdf cfwfl/t x'g'k5{ .Ú ljlwzf:qdf cfjZostfsf] l;4fGt / sfg'gL cg';Gwfgsf] dxÎj To;}df cGt/;DalGwt 5 . t/, xfd|f] sfg'g lgdf{0f k|0ffnL Psf]xf]/f] 5 . cyf{t\, cGt/lqmofTds 5}g . sfg'gsf] d:of}bf hgtfsf] OR5f, ;dfhsf] cfjZostf / kl/jt{gsf cfwf/df geO{ s]xL sfg'grLsf cg'ej, OR5f, / cfbz{df lge{/ 5 . kmntM sfg'g sfof{Gjog xf]Og, pkof]uljxLg alglbG5 .

;dfhsf] cfjZostf cg';f/ sfg'gL cg';Gwfg ljw]os d:of}bfcl3sf] ;t{ xf] . t/, xfd|f] k|0ffnLdf To;/L cg';Gwfg u/]/ d:of}bf ePsf sfg'g kfpg b'n{eh:t} 5 . cg';Gwfg geO{ aGg] sfg'gn] hgtfsf] cfsfª\Iff / cfzf k"/f u5{ eGg]df ljZj:t x'g ;lsGg . ljwfosn] btf{ ug]{ ;+zf]wgdf ;d]t sltko cj:yfdf :jfy{ ;d"x xfaL ePkl5 hgcfsfª\Iff cg';f/ sfg'g lgdf{0fsf] Ph]G8f sfuhd} ;Lldt /xG5 .

…lnun l/;r{Ú dfq xf]Og, sfg'g d:of}bfsf qmddf ;DalGwt lgsfon]


gof“ k|fjwfg /fVg' / gof“ sfg'g Nofpg'sf] cf}lrTo k'li6 ug]{ cjwf/0ff kq;d]t ;+;b\nfO{ lbg ;Sb}g . k|:tfljt k|fjwfgsf] p2]Zo /fVgsf sf/0f / nIo;d]t yfxf gePkl5 sfg'gsf] ljifodf sd 1fg ePsf ;f+;bx?sf] 5nkmdf ?lr gx'g'nfO{ cGoyf dfGg ;lsGg . ;f+;bn] cfkm"n] ghfg]sf] ljifodf ;xof]u;d]t ug{sf nflu ;/sf/L clws[t :t/df sd{rf/L /fVg kfp“5g\ t/ sfo{stf{nfO{ Jo:t u/fpg] eGbf csf]{ p2]Zo ;f+;bsf] e]l6Gg . d:of}bfdf JofVofTds l6Kk0fL k7fpg] Joj:yf;d]t gePkl5 ;f+;bx? sfg'gsf k|:tfljt Joj:yfdf g} cGof]ndf k5{g\ .

k|of]hg Ps, k|k~r cg]scWoogdf ?lr g/fVg] sltko ;f+;bnfO{ a]nfavt ;/sf/n] klg

em'SofOlbG5 . o;sf gd'gfsf ?kdf Joj:yflksfdf ljrf/fwLg / kfl/t eO;s]sf s]xL ljw]osnfO{ lng ;lsG5 . Ps k|of]hg / p2]Zosf nflu NofOPsf sfg'gdf s]xL lglxt k|fjwfg /flvlb“bf sltko cj:yfdf ;f+;b To:tf rft'o{ ldl8ofdf cfPkl5 dfq yfxf kfp“5g\ / aNn rf;f] /fV5g\ . hlta]nf ;do 3ls{;s]sf] x'G5 . ;/sf/n] ;+ljwfg hf/L u/]nuQ} ;+ljwfg cg's"n agfpg eGb} s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]os Nofof] . tTsfnLg sfg'gdGqL clUg v/]nn] ;+ljwfg cg's"nsf kb, kbfjnL ldnfpg pQm ljw]os NofPsf] atfP . t/, To;}df kmf}hbf/L cleof]usf s]xL ;hfo s6f}tLsf] k|:tfj klg lyof] . pQm ljw]osdfkm{t ;/sf/n] xftxltof/ tyf v/vhfgf P]g @)!(, vfB P]g @)##, /fli6«o lgs'~h tyf jGohGt' ;+/If0f P]g @)@(, sfnf]ahf/L tyf cGo ;fdflhs ck/fw tyf ;hfo P]g @)#@ sf] b08sf] k|fjwfg ;+zf]wg ub}{ ;hfo 36fpg k|:tfj u/]sf] lyof] . t/, ;/sf/sf] rft'o{ ;f+;bn] To;a]nf dfq yfxf kfP, hlta]nf ljw]os ;bgn] kfl/t u/L k|df0fLs/0f eO;s]sf] lyof] . pQm Joj:yfaf/] ;/sf/n] :ki6 ug{ cfjZos g7fg]sf] dfq xf]Og, ;+zf]wgsf] ;do;d]t kfPsf ;f+;bn] klg cWoogsf] s'g} h?/t 7fg]gg\ . kl/0ffd:j?k cfˆgf] csd{0otf n'sfpg tTsfnLg k|ltkIfn] eGof] …;/sf/n] ;hfo 36fof], xfdLn] yfxf kfPgf}“ .Ú ljwfossf] o;eGbf u}/lhDd]jf/ ?k c? s] vf]Hg] <

;bgdf ljrf/fwLg csf]{ s]xL g]kfn P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]ossf] k|:tfjdf ;/sf/n] km]l/ o:t} rt'¥ofO“ u/]sf] 5, h;df ;f+;b a]va/ 5g\ . d'n'sL P]g k|lt:yfkgsf nflu NofOPsf] ljw]osdf ;jf/L Hofg;DaGwL s;'/sf]


;hfo x]/km]/ ul/Psf] 5 . Pp6f k|of]hgsf nflu NofOPsf] ljw]osdf leGg p2]Zo /fVg' unt dg;fo ePsf] g]skf dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf ;f+;b /fdgf/fo0f la8f/Lsf] egfO 5 . la8f/L eG5g\– …;+ljwfg cg';f/ kbfjnL ldnfpg] eg]/ ;hfo 36fpg] k|:tfj lsg NofOG5 < d'n'sL P]g k|lt:yfkg ug]{ ljw]os NofO“bf ;jf/L Hofg d'2fdf ;hfo a9fpg'kg]{ s] cy{ x'G5 < oxf“ p2]Zo cg';f/ sfd ePg .Ú

;f+;bnfO{ 5nkmn kmf]laof Ûnf]stflGqs Joj:yfsf] d"n cfwf/ xf] ljlwsf] zf;g . ljlwsf]

zf;gsf] k|d'v cjoj xf] sfg'g;Ddt k|zf;g ;~rfng . t/, sfo{sf/Lsf b}lgs sfd–sf/afxL ;~rfngsf nflu sfg'g lgdf{0f ug]{ ;f+;bx? ltg} sfg'g th'{df 5nkmndf ax; g} ub}{gg\ . ;+;b\df k]; x'g] sltko ljw]ossf] 5nkmndf ;f+;bx? efu g} ln“b}gg\ .

;+;b\sf] klxnf] clwj]zgdf ;+ljwfg cg';f/ kl/dfh{g ug'{kg]{ sfg'gsf rfª 5g\ . ;+;b\sf x/]s a}7sdf ljw]os k]; ePsf 5g\ t/ ljw]ossf] ;}4flGts kIf / ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg;lxtsf 5nkmndf ;f+;bsf] ax; lgs} Go"g 5 . sltko ljw]os t bkmfjf/ 5nkmn / ;+zf]wg;d]t btf{ geO{ kfl/t x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .

?kfGtl/t ;+;b\n] k'; !@ ut]b]lv sl/a b'O{ ;ftf;Ddsf a}7snfO{ ljw]os clwj]zgs} ?kdf cl3 a9fPsf] lyof] . pQm cjlwdf ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 Ps ljwfg ;Demf}tf / @@ ljw]os k]; eP . t/, ljw]os 5nkmndf Ps ljw]os Ps ;f+;b k'Ug g} wf}–wf} eof] . olt dfq xf]Og, ;+;b\df cfjZos u0fk"/s ;ª\Vofs} 7"nf] lrGtf eof] .

!@ k';df ;+;b\df Pl;ofnL k"jf{wf/ nufgL a}+s ljwfg k]; eof] . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL ljw]os klg ;f]xL lbg k|:t't eof] . !@ k';d} lzIff -cf7f}“ ;+zf]wg_ ljw]os ljrf/ ul/of];\ eGg] k|:tfj k]; eP

;+;b\sf x/]s a}7sdf ljw]os k]; ePsf 5g\ t/ ljw]ossf]

;}4flGts kIf / ;ldltsf] k|ltj]bg;lxtsf 5nkmndf

;f+;bsf] ax; lgs} Go"g 5 . sltko ljw]os t bkmfjf/

5nkmn / ;+zf]wg;d]t btf{ geO{ kfl/t x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .


klg 5nkmndf efu lng] ;f+;b km]nf k/]gg\ . !@ k';d} ;+;b\df k]; ePsf] dgdf]xg clwsf/L :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgsf] ljw]ossf] ;}4flGts 5nkmndf k|]d ;'jfn / j+zLw/ ld>n] dfq} efu lnP . 5nkmndf efu lng] ;f+;b g} gePkl5 Pl;ofnL k"jf{wf/ nufgL a}+ssf] ljwfg ;Demf}tf lagf5nkmn ;bgn] cg'df]bg u¥of] . ;}4flGts 5nkmndf efu lng] ;f+;b km]nf gk/]kl5 a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL ljw]os ;+zf]wgsf nflu ;bgn] lagf5nkmn cg'df]bg u¥of] . t/, ;f]xL lbg lzIff -cf7f}“ ;+zf]wg_ ljw]ossf] ;}4flGts 5nkmndf eg] ;f+;bx? k|]d ;'jfn, uª\ufnfn t'nfw/, /fw]Zofd clwsf/L, cd/axfb'/ yfkf, lgzf ;fx, uLtf If]qL,

Zofds'df/ >]i7 / pd]z >]i7n] eg] efu lnP . t/, of] ljw]os kfl/t eO;s]kl5 klg cfkm"nfO{ hfgsf/L gePsf] atfpg] ;f+;b k|z:t e]l6G5g\ .

!$ k';df a}lsª s;'/ tyf ;hfo -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ ljw]os sfo{;"rLdf lyof] . t/, pQm ljw]osdf klg ;}4flGts 5nkmn;d]t geO{ ;+zf]wgsf nflu cg'df]bg eof] . !( k';df ;/sf/sf tkm{af6 ;}4flGts 5nkmnsf nflu g]kfn /fi6« a}+s -bf];|f] ;+zf]wg_ / lgIf]k tyf shf{ ;'/If0f sf]if ljw]os ;bgdf k];

eP . /fi6« a}+s ljw]osdf g]kfn dhb'/ ls;fg kf6L{sf k|]d ;'jfn / shf{ ;'/If0fdf g]dlskfs} l8NnL sfˆn]afx]s s'g} klg ;f+;bn] 5nkmndf efu lnPgg\ . @) k';df vf]k ljw]os kfl/t x'bf;d]t ;bgsf] 5nkmndf g]dlskfsf l8NnL sfˆn]afx]ssf s'g} klg ;f+;bn] rf;f] b]vfPgg\ .

@! k';df b'O{j6f ljw]os ;bgn] kfl/t u¥of] t/ To;df 5nkmn t s] ;f+;bsf ;+zf]wg;d]t lyPgg\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] x}l;otdf /x]sf] tTsfnLg ;+;b\df btf{ ePsf dfgj clwsf/ cfof]usf kbflwsf/Lsf] kfl/>lds

;+ljwfgn] ;f+;bsf] e"ldsf ljwfosdf ;Lldt u/] klg e"ldsf Jojxf/tM :ki6 5}g . ljlwsf] Joj;foeGbf ljsf;] Joj;fodf ;f+;bsf] e"ldsf k|efjsf/L aGbf] 5 . ;f+;b ljlw lgdf{tfeGbf hgtfsf ljsf;sf ck]Iff k"/f ug]{ dfWod alg/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] cfˆgf] e"ldsf a'em]/ jf ga'em]/ cfg} cjd"Nog ul//x]sf 5g\ .


j[l4 / d]nldnfk P]g ;+zf]wg ljw]os kfl/t ePsf lyP . ;f+;bsf] ;+zf]wg;d]t gk/] klg cfg';f+lus ldnfpg ;efd'vn] g} ;lrjfnonfO{ lgb]{zg lbg'k¥of] .

@! k';s} a}7sdf k]; ePsf sd{rf/L ;~ro sf]if -gjf}“ ;+zf]wg_ ljw]os / n]vfk/LIf0f -klxnf] ;+zf]wg_ ljw]osdflysf] 5nkmndf klg Ps–Ps ;f+;bn] dfq efu lnP . g]dlskfsf cg'/fwf yfkfdu/ / l8NnL sfˆn]n] 5nkmndf efu lnP . v'nf ljZjljBfno ljw]osdflysf] 5nkmndf ;f+;b k|]d ;'jfn / wgL/fd kf}8]nn] efu lnP .2 of] ljw]os ;bgaf6 kfl/t eO;s]sf] 5 . ljw]ossf 5nkmndf ;f+;bx?nfO{ aGb]h x'“b}g . t/, ;f+;bx? ljlw lgdf{0fsf ax;df jf:tf /fVb}gg\ .

cfˆgf] sfg'g cfkm}nfO{cd]l/sL ;+;b\sf] Pp6f cEof; xfd|f nflu /f]ndf]8n x'g ;S5 . hxf“

ljwfosn] cfkm"nfO{ ;d]t nfe x'g] sfg'g kfl/t u/]df cfˆgf] sfo{sfn ;lsPkl5 dfq nfu" x'g] k|fjwfg 5 . t/, xfd|f ljwfos cfgf Joj;fo;u ;DalGwt sfg'g g} cfkm}“ agfOlbG5g\ . cfˆgf] k|ToIf ;/f]sf/ ePsf] ljifosf ljwfg klg cfkm} th'{df u5{g\ . kl5Nnf] ;do a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL ljw]osdf o:t} ljjfb ePkl5 ;+;b\n] k'gMljrf/sf nflu lkmtf{ u/]sf] 5 . a}+s/ ;f+;bsf] :jfy{df k/]/ tof/ kfl/Psf] eGb} rsf]{ lj/f]w ePkl5 ;+;b\sf] k"0f{ a}7sn] ljw]os lkmtf{ u/]sf] xf] . lj/f]wsf aLr lzIff P]g cf7f} ;+zf]wg ljw]os kfl/t eO{ k|df0fLs/0f eO;s]sf] 5 . dgdf]xg :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgsf] ljw]os klg oxL ljjfbdf km;]/ lkmtf{ ePsf] 5 .

t/, sfg'g Joj;foL ;f+;bn] ld;fPsf :jfy{af/] eg] cglj1 5g\ . ;+;b\df rfn" clwj]zgaf6} ebf}sf] clGtd ;ftf Gofo k|zf;g / Gofo kl/ifb\;DaGwL ljw]os kfl/t eof] . pQm ljw]odf sfg'g Joj;foL k[i7e"ldsf ;f+;bn] /fv]sf] ;+zf]wg :jLsf/ u/L tTsfnLg k'g/fj]bg cbfntsf cjsfzk|fKt cltl/Qm GofofwLznfO{ pRr cbfntsf] GofofwLz lgo'lQmsf] /f]:6/df /xg] k|fjwfg ;dfj]z eof] . jlsn ;f+;bsf] of] rft'o{nfO{ w]/}n] eg]sf 5g\– …jlsnsf OR5f sfg'g a}+s/sf OR5f :jfy{ .Ú2 ;+;b\n] ljw]os ;qsf ?kdf cl3 a9fPsf] t/ tL ljw]ossf] 5nkmndf efu lng] ;f+;b

g} gePsf] ljifodf sfo{ Joj:yf k/fdz{ ;ldltsf] tYofª\snfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ …uf]/vfkqÚ b}lgsn] k'; @@ ut] ljj/0f;lxtsf] ;dfrf/ k|sfzg u/]sf] 5 .


e"ldsf e'Nb} ;f+;bzlQm k[ysLs/0fsf] l;4fGtdf /fHosf tLg cª\usf] e"ldsf km/s 5 .

Joj:yflksfn] sfg'g agfp“5, sfo{kflnsfn] sfof{Gjog u5{ / Gofokflnsfn] JofVof u5{ . ljz]ifflwsf/sf ?kdf Joj:yflksfn] sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg ;d]t u5{ . ;f+;bsf] d"n e"ldsf klg sfg'g lgdf{0f / sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg g} xf] . ;+ljwfgn] ;f+;bsf] e"ldsf ljwfosdf ;Lldt u/] klg e"ldsf Jojxf/tM :ki6 5}g . ljlwsf] Joj;foeGbf ljsf;] Joj;fodf ;f+;bsf] e"ldsf k|efjsf/L aGbf] 5 . ;f+;b ljlw lgdf{tfeGbf hgtfsf ljsf;sf ck]Iff k"/f ug]{ dfWod alg/x]sf 5g\ . pgLx?n] cfˆgf] e"ldsf a'em]/ jf ga'em]/ cfg} cjd"Nog ul//x]sf 5g\ .

JofVoftfx?n] sfg'gnfO{ dfs'/fsf] hfnf];“u t'ngf u/]sf 5g\, h;sf] cy{ xf]– lga{n km:g], alnof pDsg] . xfd|f sfg'gsf k|s[lt klg ToxL ;To;“u d]n vfg] vfnsf 5g\ . b]z / JolQmsf] hLjg cnu–cnu x'G5 . b]zsf] hLjgdf ul/Psf] ;fgf] x]nr]q\mofO“n] sfnfGt/df w]/} cK7\of/f] l;h{gf ug]{ lglZrt 5 . To;a]nf cfg} ;Gtltn] ;/fKg] kfq aGg'kg]{ cj:yf s;}sf nflu klg ?lrs/ xf]Og . Pp6f ck/fwLsf] cGTo x'g' eg]sf] ck/fwsf] cGTo x'g' xf] eGg] sfg'gL ;TonfO{ sfg'g lgdf{tfx?n] x]Ssf /fVg h?/L 5 . ;do;fk]If sfg'gdf ;'wf/ x'g ;s]g eg] cGttM sfnf] la/fnf]n] af6f] sf6\bf clgi6 x'g], tfdf t'n;L 5f]P/ lsl/of vfg], ;Gtfgsf] lz/df xft /fv]/ efSg]h:tf ;fdflhs sfg'g g} k':tfGt/0f x'g] lglZrt 5 .

-kqsf/ sfˆn] ‘uf]/vfkqÚ b}lgs;Fu ;Da4 5g\ ._


Jofj;flostf k|j4{gdf ;fd"lxs k|of;

;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh ;+;b\, ;+;bLo ;ldlt / cGo ;+;bLo dfldnfnfO{ d"n sfo{If]q -aL6_ agfP/ ;lqmo Jofj;flos kqsf/x?sf] ;femf ;+:yf xf] . ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/x?sf] Jofj;flos bIftf clej[l4sf] ;fd"lxs k|of;, ;+;bLo dfldnfsf] k|fl1s cWoog, cg';Gwfg, k|]; / ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?;“usf] c;n Jofj;flos ;DaGw ljsf;df ;lqmo /xg' ;dfhsf d'Vo p2]Zo x'g\ . ;dfhnfO{ ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªdf vl6g] kqsf/x?n] sfo{If]qdf e}k/L cfpg] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;fd"lxs k|ofosf] cu'jfO ug]{ c;n ;fyLsf] ?kdf klg ;demg] u/]sf 5g\ .

g]kfndf klxnf] lgjf{lrt ;+;b\ -@)!^ c;f/ !^–@)!& k'; !_ k|];sf nflu v'nf lyof] . cfd;~rf/sfdfWodx?sf] /fd|f] ljsf; geO;s]sf] To; ;dodf ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ª kqsfl/tfsf] d"n ljwfsf ?kdf :yflkt eO;s]sf] lyPg eGg] ;xh cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 . @)$^ df k'gM:yflkt ax'bnLo Joj:yfkl5sf] ;+;bLo sfo{sfn -@)$*–@)%(_ df eg] cfd;~rf/dfWodsf]

jf;'b]j zdf{ …aljgÚ

@)$^ df k'gM:yflkt ax'bnLo Joj:yfkl5sf] ;+;bLo sfo{sfn

-@)$*–@)%(_ df eg] cfd;~rf/dfWodsf] lj:tf/ / Jofj;flos kqsfl/tfsf]

ljsf; ePsf] kfOG5 .


lj:tf/ / Jofj;flos kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf; ePsf] kfOG5 . o;} sfnv08df g} g]kfnL kqsfl/tfsf] Ps d'Vo la6sf ?kdf ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf] ljsf; ePsf] xf] eGg ;lsG5 .

g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Oltxf;df ;+ljwfg;efaf6 gof“ ;+ljwfg aGbfsf k|ToIf ;fIfL ;+;bLo dfldnfdf snd rnfpg] kqsf/x? klg x'g\ . /fHosf] gLlt lgdf{0fsf] txdf hf]l8P/ kqsfl/tf ug]{ ePs}n] of] la6 ;du| kqsfl/tfsf] If]qdf ljz]if ;Ddflgt 5 . w]/}h;f] ;+;bLo ;ldlt / ;f+;bx?n] ;+;bLo kqsf/nfO{ af]nLrfnLdf ;+;b\sf …kb]g ;b:oÚsf] ;Ddfg lbg] u/]sf 5g\ .

@)$* sf] cfdlgjf{rgaf6 ul7t k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;efsf] sfo{sfnb]lv g} ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªdf ;lqmo kqsf/x?n] cfˆgf] ;fd'bflos lxtsf nflu ;+;bLo k|]; Sna u7gsf] k|of; yfn]sf lyP . t/, o;n] cf}krfl/stf kfpg eg] Ps bzs s'g'{k¥of] . To;aLrdf ePsf cg]sf} cgf}krfl/s k|of;sf] ;dli6sf ?kdf @)%* r}t @) ut] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no sf7df8f}df &;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhÚsf] ljlwjt\ btf{ ePsf] lyof] .

;ª\3;+:yf btf{ P]g cg';f/ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf ?kdf btf{ eP klg o; ;dfhsf] k|s[lt c? w]/} u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf] eGbf leGg 5 . ;+;b\ ;lrjfno kl/;/leq} sfof{no /x]sf] ;dfhn] ;+;b\, ;f+;b, ;lrjfno / kqsf/aLr k'nsf] sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;dfhn] ;+;b\df ljrf/fwLg ljw]os, ;+;bLo cfrf/;+lxtf, ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfsf cGt/j:t'h:tf dxÎjk"0f{ ljifodf lj1 / ;/f]sf/jfnf ;lDdlnt 5nkmn ;~rfngsf] kxnsbdL;d]t lnPsf] 5 .

;+:yfsf ;+:yfksx?sf cg';f/ tTsfnLg k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;efsf] l/kf]l6{ªdf cfpg] kqsf/x?n] u7g u/]sf] cgf}krfl/s ;~hfnnfO{ g} …;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhÚdf ?kfGt/0f u/L ljlwjt\ btf{ ul/Psf] xf] . kqsf/ xl/axfb'/ yfkf -xfn …sflGtk'/Ú b}lgssf ;dfrf/ ;Dkfbs_sf] cWoIftfdf ul7t ;+:yfksx?sf] sfo{;ldltdf gf} hgf lyP . pQm sfo{;ldltdf pkfWoIf 6ª\s kGt, ;lrj lji0f' ;'j]bL, sf]iffWoIf h'gf/afa' a:g]t / ;b:ox? s'df/ /l~ht, ljGb'sfGt l3ld/], ljZjdl0f cfrfo{, Zofd l/dfn / ;~hLj clwsf/L lyP .


;dfhsf] ljlwjt\ u7gsf] s]xL ;dokl5 g} d'n'sn] emG8} rf/ jif{ ;+;b\ljxLgtfsf] cj:yf v]Kg'k¥of] . @)%( df ;+;b\ lj36g ePkl5 ;+;b\ kl/;/df lgliqmo /x]sf ;+;bLo kqsf/x?sf] ultljlw klg @)^@÷^# sf] hgcfGbf]ngaf6 k'gM:yflkt k|ltlglw;ef;“u} k'gM:yflkt ePsf] xf] .

;+;b\ k'gM:yfkgfkl5 ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªdf ;lqmo kqsf/x?n] klg cfgf ultljlw a9fpFb} cfˆgf] ;+:yfnfO{ ;lqmo agfP . @)^# df xl/axfb'/ yfkfs} cWoIftfdf k'gMul7t sfo{;ldltn] emG8} tLg jif{ ;dfhsf] g]t[Tj u¥of] . To; sfo{sfndf pkfWoIf 6ª\s kGt, dxf;lrj lji0f' ;'j]bL, ;lrj o'j/fh cfrfo{, sf]iffWoIf s]kL uf}td / ;b:ox? ;'zLn cof{n, ls/0f e08f/L, hut g]kfn / nLnf/fh vgfn lyP . oxL a]nf dxf;lrj kb yk u/L ;dfhsf] kbflwsf/L ;ª\Vof rf/af6 kfr k'¥ofOPsf] lyof] . oxL sfo{sfndf ;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] a}7ssIf;u}sf] sf]7f ;dfhnfO{ pknAw u/fPsf] lyof] . tTsfnLg ;efd'v ;'jf;rGb| g]Djfªn] ljlwjt\ ?kdf kqsf/ sIfsf] pb\3f6g u/]sf lyP .

;+;bLo la6df l/kf]l6{ª ug]{ kqsf/sf] ;ª\Vofdf ePsf] j[l4, lghL tyf ;fd'bflos /]l8of]sf kqsf/x?sf] pkl:ylth:tf sf/0fn] @)^% df cfOk'Ubf ;dfhsf] cfsf/df j[l4 eof] . klxn] d;nfsf] af]6d'lgsf] ;fdfGo 5nkmnaf6 x'g] sfo{;ldltsf] u7g÷k'gMu7gn] lgjf{rgsf] df]8 lnof] . /fhs'df/ /]UdLsf] cWoIftfdf pkfWoIf ljZjgfy cfrfo{, dxf;lrj vu]Gb| kGt, ;lrj ;/f]h bfxfn, sf]iffWoIf dfwj b'nfn -7fs'/_ lgjf{lrt eP . pQm sfo{;ldltsf] cfsf/ ( af6 !# df k'Uof] . ;b:ox?df sdn kl/of/, ;'zLn kGt, /fh]Gb| lrqsf/, lgd]z clwsf/L, cgf/l;+x a:g]t, bLk]Gb|/fh kf}8]n, ;ª\uLtf v8\sf / /fhs'df/ /fo lgjf{lrt eP .

;dfhsf] gof“ sfo{;ldlt u7gsf nflu @)^& sf] lgjf{rg kl/0ffd eg] cgf}7f] cfof] . cWoIfsf k|Tof;L vu]Gb| kGt / k|sfz lu/Ln] dfq

;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg] pQm ;fgf] /sdaf6 ;dfhn]

rfx]sf] ljifodf, rfx]s} ;dodf cGt/lqmof, tflnd, ;+;bLo ljifoj:t'df k|fl1s cWoog–

cg';Gwfgsf ;–;fgf sfd ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 .


xf]Og, pkfWoIfsf k|Tof;L dfwj b'nfn / dflqsf kf}8]nn] klg a/fa/L dt k|fKt u/] . lgjf{rg ;ldltsf] lg0f{o cg';f/ pgLx?aLr Ps÷Ps jif{ sfo{sfn af“l8of] . Pp6fsf] sfo{sfndf csf]{nfO{ jl/i7 ;b:o agfOof] . klxnf] jif{ kGt cWoIf /x], h;df b'nfn pkfWoIf / bf];|f] jif{ lu/L cWoIf /x]sf] cjlwe/ kf}8]n pkfWoIf ag] . pQm sfo{;ldltdf dxf;lrj ;'zLn kGt, ;lrj sdn kl/of/, sf]iffWoIf jf;'b]j zdf{ -aljg_ lgjf{lrt eP eg] ;b:ox?df ;Gt ufxdu/, af]dnfn lu/L, ;~hLj jufn], O{Zj/L ;'j]bL / efis/ cf]emf lyP . ;b:osf k|Tof;LdWo] klg czf]s bfxfn / x]d/fh v8\sfsf] a/fa/L dtsf sf/0f bfxfn klxnf] / v8\sf bf];|f]

cjlwsf] ;b:o /xg] u/L sfo{sfn af“l8Psf] lyof] .

bf];|f] jif{ lhDd]jf/L ;Dxfn]sf k|sfz lu/L g]t[Tjsf] sfo{;ldltn] ;+:yf btf{kl5 gul/Psf] gjLs/0f -x/]s jif{ ul/g'kYof]{_nufotsf dxÎjk"0f{ sfd u/]sf] lyof] .

@)^( h]7 !$ df ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfd k"/f gu/L klxnf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] cj;fgkl5 To;;“u} Joj:yflksf–;+;b\ / ;+;bLo ;ldltx? :jtM ;dfKt eP / km]l/ ;+;bLo kqsf/x?sf] lgliqmotf ;'? eof] . @)&) d+l;/ $ df ;GkGg bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efsf]

lgjf{rgkl5 dfq} ;+;b\ ;lrjfno / ;+ljwfg;ef ejgdf ;+;bLo kqsf/sf] rxnkxn ;'? eof] . To;cl3 g} ;+;bLo ;ldltx?sf] a}7s sIf lj:tf/sf qmddf ;+;b\ ;lrjfnon] kqsf/ sIf lj:yflkt u/]sf] lyof] . bf];|f] ;+ljwfg;efsf] k|f/De;“u} kqsf/ sIfsf] cfjZostf, a}7s sIfdflysf] k|]; Uofn/L k|j]zsf nflu bz{ssf] nfOgaf6 dfq} k|j]z ug'{kg]{ cK7\of/f], ;"rgf ;ª\sngdf /x]sf ofjt\ ;d:of ;dfwfg, kqsf/sf ;fd'bflos lxt /Iff / ;+;bLo dfldnfsf] k|fl1s cWoogsf nflu kqsf/x?sf] ;fd"lxs

dfhn] kqsf/sf] Jofj;flos dof{bfnfO{ yk prf] agfpg] p2]Zon] cfg} ;|f]taf6 ;+:yf gjLs/0fnufotsf cfGtl/s vr{ Joj:yfkg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;aLrdf s]xL ;+;bLo ;ldlt / cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3÷;+:yf;usf] ;xsfo{df kqsf/sf] Jofj;flos bIftf clej[l4 / k'gMtfhsLsf nflu cGt/lqmof, uf]i7Lh:tf sfo{qmd ul/Psf 5g\ .


sbdaf/] pkl:yt kqsf/x?aLr lg/Gt/ ;+jfb x'g yfNof] . ToxL ;+jfbsf] ;femf lgisif{ lyof]– …;;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhnfO{ k'gMJojl:yt / ;lqmo agfpg] .Ú

@)&@ ;fpgdf ;+ljwfg;ef ejg gof“ afg]Zj/df ePsf] ljz]if clwj]zgn] ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhnfO{ k'gMJojl:yt agfpg] lg0f{o u¥of] . ljz]if clwj]zgn] /fh]Gb| k'mofnsf] cWoIftfdf !# ;b:oLo sfo{;ldlt ;j{;Ddt rog u¥of] . ;dfhsf kbflwsf/Ldf pkfWoIf O{Zj/L ;'j]bL, dxf;lrj jf;'b]j zdf{ -aljg_, ;lrj czf]s bfxfn / sf]iffWoIf ;~hLj aufn] r'lgP . To;} u/L ;b:ox?df nSsL rf}w/L, /f]lhgf yfkf, cgGt d]xtf, bLks cfrfo{, dgf]h ;Tofn, d'lQmafa' /]UdL, ;ltz ;'j]bL / bLk]z >]i7 5flgP .

jl/i7 kqsf/ ch'{g e08f/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t cWoIf d08nn] kqklqsf, /]l8of], 6]lnlehg / cgnfOg dfWoodsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ kqsf/x?sf] ;dfj]zL sfo{;ldlt rogsf] cfwf/ tof/ u/]sf] lyof] . clwj]zgn] ljwfg ;+zf]wgsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L ;dfhnfO{ yk ;dfj]zL agfpg] DofG8]6;d]t lbPsf] 5 . pQm DofG8]6 cg';f/ ;dfhsf] ljwfg clwj]zg ug{ eg] af“sL 5 . t/, o;aLrdf ;+:yf gjLs/0fnufosf dxÎjk"0f{ sfd u/L ;+:yfnfO{ cBfjlws ug]{ sfd ;DkGg ePsf] 5 .

cfly{s ;|f]tsf] cefjsf afah'b emG8} kf“r jif{b]lv x'g g;s]sf] ;+:yf gjLs/0f / cfGtl/s Joj:yfkg cfkm}“df dxÎjk"0f{ sfd x'g\ . ;dfhn] kqsf/sf] Jofj;flos dof{bfnfO{ yk prf] agfpg] p2]Zon] cfg} ;|f]taf6 ;+:yf gjLs/0fnufotsf cfGtl/s vr{ Joj:yfkg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . o;aLrdf s]xL ;+;bLo ;ldlt / cGt/f{li6«o ;ª\3÷;+:yf;usf] ;xsfo{df kqsf/sf] Jofj;flos bIftf clej[l4 / k'gMtfhsLsf nflu cGt/lqmof, uf]i7Lh:tf sfo{qmd ul/Psf 5g\ . tL sfo{qmdsf] Joj:yfkgdf ;xof]u ug]{ ;+:yfaf6 ;dfhn] 5'§} cfly{s ;xof]u lnPsf] 5}g .

cfly{s jif{ @)&@÷&# b]lv eg] ;"rgf tyf ;~rf/ dGqfnon] kqsfl/tf;“u ;DalGwt ;ª\3–;+:yfnfO{ lbg] cg'bfgsf] ;"rLdf xfd|f] ;dfhnfO{ klg kf/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] pknAw u/fpg] pQm ;fgf] /sdaf6 ;dfhn] rfx]sf] ljifodf, rfx]s} ;dodf cGt/lqmof, tflnd, ;+;bLo ljifoj:t'df k|fl1s cWoog–cg';Gwfgsf ;–;fgf sfd ug{ ;Sg] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . ;+;bLo l/kf]l6{ªsf] cjwf/0ff, cEof; / cg'ejnfO{


gof“ k':tfdf x:tfGt/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] klxnf] k6s …;+;bLo kqsfl/tfÚ tkfO{+sf] xftdf NofOk'¥ofPsf 5f}“ .

b]zsf] /fhgLltdf dfq} xf]Og, ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf] ultljlwdf ;d]t k"0f{ nf]stflGqs ljlw / k|lqmof ckgfpg'k5{ eGg]df xfdL k|:6 5f}“ . ;dfhnfO{ ;lqmo agfpg] bfloTj ;+:yfsf kbflwsf/Lsf] dfq geO{ ;+;bLo kqsfl/tfdf lg/Gt/ ;lqmo ;a} Jofj;flos kqsf/x?sf] xf] .

-;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfhsf dxf;lrj zdf{ ;efd'v cf]g;/L 3tL{sf k|];lj1 x'g\ ._

;+;bLo kqsfl/tf · ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh •r •;'zf;g / ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf =====;f]daxfb'/ yfkf...

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Transcript of ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf · ;+;bLo dfldnf kqsf/ ;dfh •r •;'zf;g / ;+;bLo kqsfl/tf =====;f]daxfb'/ yfkf...