Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53...

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Transcript of Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53...

Page 1: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
Page 2: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Alexandre Gabibov

Criblage de la biodiversité pour la découverte de medicaments

Le 13 Février 2019

Shemyakin & OvchinnikovInstitut de Chimie Bioorganic RASFondé en1959

L’Universitet Lomonosov de MoscouFondé en 1755

Page 3: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MESSAGE

La chimie et la biologie combinatoires sont devenues une caractéristique des sciences de la vie au XXIeme siècle

Page 4: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Combinatorial approachRational design

High resolution 3D Effective screening

Directed evolution

Page 5: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
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The world largest statue of Firedrake (Dragon Gorynych) Kamenka, Lipetskaya region, Russian Federation

Biodiversity

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In silico maturation of Immunoglobulins

Page 8: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

La diversité des cellules B permet de construire des protéines avec une fonctionnalité nouvelle:

Evolution en test-tube

Analyser Phénotype - Génotype

MESSAGE

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Susumu TonegawaNobel prize 1987

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MESSAGE

Quelle est la fonction des anticorps?-Lier antigène / agent pathogène-Détruire

Page 11: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Linus PaulingNobel prize 1954, 1962

Page 12: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

DG= uncat

DGS

DG= cat

DGP

DGTS

Substrate

Enzyme *Substrate

Catalyzed

Transition State

Uncatalyzed

Transition State

Enzyme *Product

Product

DG= uncat-DG= cat = DGTS-DGS

or kcat/kuncat = KM/Ki

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MESSAGE

Possibilité limitée d'accélérer les réactions en imitant un état de transition unique pour générer un site actif

Page 14: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Antidotes toward chemical

weapons: promiscuity of catalytic

sites.

Page 15: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

O

ON

OH

O

N

HO+

O

ON

Poisoning of OPC leads to collapse nervous system

covalent coupling of toxin with acetylcholine esterase leads

to increase of acetylcholine in synapse and collapse of

nervous system

acetylcholine

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9A8 may covalently accept and destroy anti-acetylcholine esterase poisons from blood stream

Kolesnikov et al, PNAS 2000

• Superposition of the active sites of esterolytic abzymes 9A8 (green) and 17E8(blue).

• Ser99 - His35 diades are indicated.

• Hydrogene bonds are indicated by dashed lines.

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Autoimmune disorders as a source of broad antibody repertoires. “Normal” repertoire is powered in autoimmunity

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Reactive immunization and kinetic selection as combinatorial approaches to rise novel artificial biocatalysts

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S

P

N

O

O

NO2

CH3

OPPh

X-phosphonate

Griffin.1 scFv library

+

Phage-display screening.

Reshetnyak et al, JACS 2007

Crystallization and structural investigation

Conversion of scFv antibodies into full-size antibody

Kurkova IN et. al. Dokl Biochem Biophys. 2009.

Smirnov et al. PNAS. 2011

Covalent selection of reactibody molecule against organophosphorus nerve agents

Reactibody A17 forms enzyme-like active

center with deep cavity and nucleophilic

tyrosine residue on the bottom of the

pocket

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A.17 antibody has unusual deep cavity with nucleophilic tyrosine at its base

I. Smirnov, I. Kurkova et al, PNAS 2011

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Tyr59

Tyr53

Tyr33

Tyr34

Trp109 Tyr37

Trp92

Trp48

Phe100

OP compound

P

O

O

O

NO2

HN

Tyr37

OH

P(R)

P

O

OO

HN

Tyr37

P(S)

SN2

Tyr59Tyr53

Tyr33

Tyr34

Trp109

Asn105

Ala107

Phe100

Trp92

Trp48

Cl-

2.5 Å 3.3 Å

3.2 Å

Ser51

2.8 Å

Tyr37

The pre-existing primitive active site of the A.17 antibody stereo-selectively interacts with P(R)-isomer of the phosphonate molecule

I. Smirnov, I. Kurkova et al, PNAS 2011,Ponomarenko et al Acta Crystal. D, 2014, Smirnov et al. Chem. Biol. Inter. 2013.

Page 22: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MATURATION IN SILICO

Page 23: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
Page 24: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MESSAGEPossibilité élargie d'imiter plusieurs états de transition et de sélectionner les orientations optimales du substrat et du produit

Page 25: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Modification TurnoverCovalent intermediate

MESSAGE: La combinaison de méthodes instrumentales et informatiques peut être considérée comme une stratégie efficace pour obtenir des biocatalyseurs / liants artificiels de novo

Hybrid QM/MM and MD approach

Page 26: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

QM/MM simulation of paraoxon conjugates hydrolysis.

3D energy plot of paraoxon hydrolysis by A17wt.

• The key step of hydrolysis is proton transfer from water molecule and nucleophilic attack by hydroxyl-ion.

• Close proximity of any proton donor has negative influence on nucleophile formation and thus preventing reaction.

• Otherwise proton acceptor may improve catalytic process.

E + S ↔ [E--S] → ES → [E--P] ↔ E + P

Page 27: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Mechanism of paraoxon hydrolysis by Ig-paraoxonase.

The QM computed mechanism of TS development for step 1 of WTIgP reaction with paraoxon; the classicSN2(P) mechanism with tbp geometry is initiated by early proton transfer followed in 5-20 fs by late TS O–Pbond formation.

Page 28: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

The in silico maturation scheme

We selected 23 amino acids which when mutated to Arg could form a H-bond (≤3.2 Å) with the phosphate moiety of paraoxon

Stages of rational restriction of library size:1. Limiting to 11 polar residues and restricting permutations to four-at-a-time2. Programming of 7 H-bond-donor amino acids (Arg, His, Lys, Ser, Thr, Trp, Tyr) and 3 of

Glu, Asp, and Ser mutations to provide general acid-base catalysis for Tyr37

The QM/MM calculations revealed: (i) systems with an anionic amino acid mutation did not deliver covalent reaction (ii) the best successful runs resulted from Arg, Lys and His in positions 35, 47 of the light

chain Smirnov et al. Science Adv. 2016

Page 29: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MESSAGENous avons développé une nouvelle plateforme pour la maturation d'anticorps conçus in silico.

Ainsi, la sélection in vitro d'anticorps à partir de grands répertoires de sites de combinaison d'immunoglobuline à l'aide de banques combinatoires constitue un outil puissant, offrant notamment un grand potentiel pour générer des épurateurs de toxiques fonctionnels in vivo. Des calculs de mécanique quantique/mécanique moléculaire (QM/MM) ont permis d’atteindre la maturation in silico de ces pièges macromoléculaires.

Page 30: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Directed evolution of novel biocatalysts

Belogurov et al., FEBS Lett., 2012

Page 31: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Microfluidic platform forultrahigh-throughput screening ofbiodiversity

Page 32: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Universal screening techniques

Binding(Phenotype – formation of complex)

1. SELEX2. Ribosome display 3. mRNA display4. Phage display5. Cell display

(Phenotype – any product)

In vitro compartmentalization

Genotype

Genotype-phenotypelinkage

Page 33: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Microfluidic platform for ultrahigh-throughput screening

Terekhov et al., PNAS 2017

Terekhov et al. PNAS 2017

Page 34: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MESSAGE

Les techniques de criblage à ultra haut débit peuvent identifier une fonctionnalité unique parmi des millions de variantes.

Afin de reproduire les mécanismes naturels de sélection qui se produisent in vivo par compartimentation, la technique que nous avons développée est basée sur l’encapsulation monocellulaire dans des gouttelettes d’une émulsion microfluidique double eau-dans-l’huile monodispersée.

Page 35: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Selection of enzymes with different level of activity

Terekhov et al. PNAS 2017

Page 36: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Selection of novel BChE mutants with artificial activity

Terekhov et al. PNAS 2017

Page 37: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Selection of S. aureus killers from oral microbiota

Terekhov et al. PNAS 2017

Page 38: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Oral microbiota of Siberian bear as an alternative source of S. aureus killers and antibiotic producers

New bacterial strains efficiently inhibiting

S. aureus growth were selected using the

developed microfluidic platform

Page 39: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Oral microbiota of Siberian bear as an alternative source of S. aureus killers and antibiotic producers

Terekhov et al. PNAS, 2018

Page 40: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Multi-omics approach that was applied for discovery of regulation of Ami production

Terekhov et al. PNAS, 2018

Page 41: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MESSAGE

La combinaison de la machinerie génératrice des gouttelettes et de la technologie FACS suivie du séquençage de la génération suivante et de l'analyse par spectrométrie de masse couplée à la chromatographie en phase liquide des sécrétomes des cellules encapsulées, nous a fourni des descriptions détaillées des génotypes/phénotypes. Cette plateforme a été également testée pour le criblage à ultra-haut débit de biocatalyseurs ancrés à des cellules de levure, et ceci, avec un enrichissement proche de la limite calculée théoriquement; elle a été utilisée aussi pour l’étude des interactions cellule-cellule. La polyvalence de la plateforme a permis l'identification de bactéries, en particulier celles du microbiote oral à croissance lente qui inhibent la croissance d'agents pathogènes communs

Page 42: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

Autocrine-based selection of malignant Follicular LymphomaB cell receptors ligands

Page 43: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MESSAGE

Réingénierie des cellules T en utilisant des approches combinatoires

Page 44: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
Page 45: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

MESSAGE

Le développement d'une nouvelle plateforme pour améliorer de manière significative l'efficacité et la sécurité du traitement du lymphome folliculaire. Nous utilisons la sélection combinatoire autocrine pour identifier rapidement des ligands spécifiques des récepteurs des cellules B à la surface des cellules tumorales FL. Les ligands sélectionnés sont utilisés dans un format CART pour la redirection des lymphocytes T cytotoxic humains. Ce format est essentiellement l'inverse du protocole CART habituel

Stepanov et al. Science Adv., 2018

Page 46: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
Page 47: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
Page 48: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
Page 49: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena
Page 50: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

M.M. Shemyakin & Yu.A. Ovchinnikov

Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry,

Russian Academy of Sciences

Authors:Alexey A. Belogurov Jr., Ivan V. Smirnov, Alexey Stepanov, Jacob Lomakin, Natalie A. Ponomarenko, Anastasia Stepanova, Stanislav Terekhov, Maria Zakharova, Yuliana Mokrushina, Inna Kurkova, Andrey Golovin, Azad Mamedov

Page 51: Alexandre Gabibov - Acadpharm · NO 2 HN Tyr 37 OH P(R) P O O O HN Tyr 37 P(S) SN2 Tyr59 Tyr53 Tyr33 Tyr34 Trp109 Asn105 ... Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicine Elena

RUSSIA

Vadim Govorun, Inst. of Physico-chemical medicineElena Ilina, Elena Kostryukova,

Evgeny Nikolaeyev, Maria Rubtsova, SkolTechAlexey Boyko, Olga Favorova, Pirogov Medical University,Moscow Center

Dmitry Knorre, Valetin Vlasov, Olga Fedorova, Marina Zenkova, Nikita Kuznetsov

Siberian division, RAS Dmitry Genkin, Dobroslav Melamed

Pharmsyntez, S-PENGLAND

Michael Blackburn, University of Sheffield USA

Sidney AltmanRichard Lerner

Scripps Research Insitute,CAAl Tramontano, UC Davis, Medical school

ISRAEL

Aaron Ciechanover, Technion, Haifa GermanyGERMANY

Wilmanns Matthias, Chatziefthimiou Spyros, Viktor LamzinFRANCE

Daniel Thomas, Alain Friboulet, Berangere Avalle.The University of Technology, Compiegne

Patrick Masson, Eugénie Carletti, Florian NachonDépartement de Toxicologie – CRSSA Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées