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g�hÚ ÛgÜ i�ê Ý0Þ�ñ��*è , à Ê�ËHj�í ß ì kF?0´ à j�í�Ð2l�m�n Æ�o è Õ p!qHr s è Ù Ê � ß�à�ô�t�u�v êq � a ß�à Ñ&Ò ÐHq&w�¯(Ë+xN¯7Õ�p�y�z è${ Ç5�(ý�Ú0ÛgÜ Ð t7|�}¡ß ì�~ ±F� ß2à Ñ�Ò�� Ð2���{ÐA� � É&ê ÑÐ$� ê�� Ê ì z�®{Ê�� ß Ï�I � ñ*ô
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8 ��������������1) Ï#�!� � � ,
á=â2ã�ä�åJ�2æ ê$�Nü à&����� � � � ç ©, � �0Õ � Y�� ����������� 2014 ��� ��¡ Û0Ü
��¢ i ,(2015) http://www.info.kindai.ac.jp/ takasi-i/thesis/201411 − 1− 037− 0017SUenothesis.pdf
2) Seal Software: £=¤ c�¥ Ð Ó å§¦ £7¨ © ,� ��© (2007).
3) ª§«$¬�n :���F�® £=¤ c ¥ ��� � çF¯ â&��°�± (2011) http://uguisu.skr.jp/othello/
4) ² Ú ������³ ´ ,http://www.othello.gr.jp/biginner/s01.html,�����$°�±
, î�z�µ , 2002
5) Õ�¶�· ,�!��� �!�!� ç © ÐH¸ ¹§ºA»�Ð %H' è�« ü0ì ,
Û&Ü ��¢ b�c © � (GI),Vol.2003-GI-011,pp.15-20, �� X�Y ��¼ ,(2004). http://id.nii.ac.jp/1001/00058554/
6) ½�¾�¿+À , Á kH , Ã�Ä�Å : Æ â Ç+È c!É(Ê#Ë -ázâÁã�ä�å���æ Ð Y�Ì Ò ¶�Í -,
Ì�Î ò$Ï (2012)
7) Janos Wagner and Istvan Virag Solving renju,ICGA Joumal Vol.24,No.1,pp.30-
35,(2001),http://www.sze.hu/ gtakacs/downlord/wagnervirag 2001.pdf
8) Jonathan Schaeffer, Neil Burch, Yngvi Bjorsson, Akihiro Kishimoto, Martin Muller, Robert Lake, Poul
Lu, and Steve Suphen, Checkers is sloved, Science Vol.317,No.5844, pp.1518-1522,(2007).
9) Joel Feinstein, Amenor Wins World 6 Ð 6 Chanpionship!, Forty billionnoted under the tree (July
1993),pp.6-8,British Othello Federation‘s newsletter,(1993).
10) «�Ñ�Ò�Ó ,[×0÷MÔ Õ ß!Ö ÷#×
] Ð#Ø&Ù�Ú�Û ,ÛgÜ ��¢ b!c&Ü ����� (GI),Vol.2009-GI-22 No.3pp.1-8, � � X Y
��¼ ,(2009),http://id.nii.ac.jp/1001/00062415
11) Richard Delrme,Othello programing,(2012),http://abulmo.perso.neuf.fr/index.htm
12) Gunnar Andersson,Wzebra,(2006),http://rabagast.se/othello/
13) ݧ«�Þ�ß , àHÚ�� / � Ê ���F� Ñ�á Í&â È Ð�Æ(ã �åä�ä , ²=æ i�ç (2003).
14) è:ªé« ê]ë , ì5í[î]ï , Ø:ð=Õ[ñ , ò å\ó Æ Ó �:�F�õô+ö Ò SIMD ÷5ø è�ù§�Ná6â&ã,ä{åú��û:ü:ýê ��ü à��§�\� Ð�þJÿ ,Û�Ü �J¢ b]c�Ü ���J� (GI),Vol.2009-GI-22,No.7,pp.1-8, ��� X�Y �J¼ (2009),
http://id.nii.ac.jp/1001/00062419
15) �]Á���ë , � ß ~ ��� � Javab!c&Ü Ó �]4Hô 9
,� ��© (2002).
16) Eric C.D. van der Welf,H.Jaap van den Herik,and Jos W.H.M.Uiterwilk,Solving Go on Small Boards,
ICGA Journal,Vol.26,No.2,pp.92-107(2003).
17) T.Ishii,MasterReversi, � Ó � £ Ò Ð é���� http://homepage2.nifty.com/tishii/mr/gameresult.html, 2007.
18) Michael Buro,Logistello,https://skatgame.net/mburo/log.html,1997
19) �5«� �� ,���F��è q a ��á�âÁã�ä�åJ�ÁæJ�]476�� Ð D������ , Ø�� � �*Õ���� ������� Þ 25 ��� ��� ���Ì��
,(2014), http://www.kochi-tech.ac.jp/library/ron/2013/2013info/1140296.pdf
10
� �A� �
Ú ÛgÜ�ý ÝgÞ¡ß�àJava
��� � ç#Ü"!(c�#�ê%$�k è%&ñ�ôimport java.util .*;
public class GameState extends Observable {
int data [][];
int turn;
int player ;
int black ;
int white ;
public GameState (){
data = new int [8][8];
data [3][3] = 1;
data [3][4] = -1;
data [4][3] = -1;
data [4][4] = 1;
turn = 0;
player = 1;
black = 2;
white = 2;
}
public boolean put(int x, int y){ ')(+*-,/.)021/35476)*5879/:-;=<//
if(data[x][y] != 0){
return false;
} >@?+A)B2()CD;E<F35476)*5879/:D;E<
//
if(reverse (x,y,true )== false ){
return false;
} ,/G59�H
//
data[x][y] = player ;
player *= -1;
turn ++;
11
countDisc ();
setChanged ();
notifyObservers();
return true;
}
public boolean reverse (int x,int y, boolean doReverse ){
int dir [][] = {
{-1,-1}, {0,-1}, {1,-1},
{-1, 0}, {1, 0},
{-1, 1}, {0, 1}, {1, 1}
};
boolean reversed = false ;
for(int i=0; i<8; i++){ I+JFK2B//
int x0 = x+dir[i][0];
int y0 = y+dir[i][1];
if(isOut(x0 ,y0) == true){
continue ;
}
int nextState =data[x0][y0];
if(nextState == player ){
System .out.println (" Next state is player : " +x0 +","+ y0);
continue ;
}else if(nextState == 0){
System .out.println (" Next state is null: " +x0 +","+ y0);
continue ;
}else{
System .out.println (" Next state is enemy: " +x0 +","+ y0);
} I+J7IFLEMONEP7(RQ)SUTWVRXUYOZ/JR[/.)0D\/]^>@?+A)B
//
int j = 2;
while(true ){
int x1 = x + (dir [i][0]*j);
int y1 = y + (dir [i][1]*j);
if(isOut (x1 ,y1) == true){
break;
} Y_ZFJR,/.)0=`Oa=MbXc>@?FA)B
//
if(data[x1][y1]== player ){
System .out.println (" Player cell!: " +x1 +","+ y1);
12
if( doReverse ){
for(int k=1; k<j; k++){
int x2 = x + (dir[i][0]*k);
int y2 = y + (dir[i][1]*k);
data[x2][y2] *= -1;
System .out .println (" reverse : " +x2 +","+ y2);
}
}
reversed = true;
break;
} d/e7.)0E`Oa�MbXFf=g
//
if(data[x1][y1 ]==0){
break;
}
j++;
}
}
return reversed ;
}
public boolean canReverse (int x, int y){
return reverse (x, y, false );
}
public boolean isOut (int x, int y){
if(x<0 || y<0 || x>=8 || y >=8){
return true;
}
return false ;
}
public boolean checkPass (){ h)iDA5j)A+kRJ7l)m=n5*_opTWVRX�>@?+A)B5(+C215L5q^r)s-t
//
for(int y=0; y<8; y++){
for(int x=0; x <8; x++){ ')(+*-,/.)021/35476287q^r)s-t�Tu;�<
//
if(data[x][y] != 0){
continue ;
} >W?+A)B5()C)1wvxTWaFyE3RCDXFzE*_{|TWV
// GR}+' falseif(canReverse (x,y) == true){
return false ;
13
}
}
}
return true;
}
public void countDisc (){
black = 0;
white = 0;
for(int y=0; y<8; y++){
for(int x=0; x <8; x++){
if(data[x][y] == 1){
black ++;
}else if(data[x][y] == -1){
white ++;
}
}
}
}
}
import java.util .*;
public class randomAI {
int color ; // BLACK or WHITE
public randomAI (){
color = -1;
}
int [] decide (GameState state ){
ArrayList <int []> array = new ArrayList <int [] >(); ~F�2J2dFK2B5G59F:215L5q^r2sDt
//
for(int y=0; y<8; y++){
for(int x=0; x <8; x++){ ')(+*-,/.)021/3RC28R�FB
//
if(state .data[x][y] != 0)
continue ; 9F:512K)B7J=3DCDX+�F��3/TWV7�7�
//
if(state .canReverse (x, y) == true){
14
int pos [] = {x,y};
array.add (pos );
}
}
} �+�R�7�7�)�
//
if(array.size() <= 0){
int pos [] = {-1, -1};
return pos ;
}
Random rnd = new Random ();
int index = rnd .nextInt (array.size ());
return array .get(index );
}
}
import java.util .*; �E�-�F�7�/�O�
//
public class montAI extends Observable {
class Move extends Observable
{
public int eval =0;
public bestmove ()
super (0 ,0);
}
public bestmove (int x,int y int e)
{
super(x,y);
eval = e;
}
};
class randomAIPlayer implements Player
{
private AI randomAi = null;
public randomAIPlayer()
{
randomAi = new randomAI ();
}
public void onTurn (ConsoleBoard board) throws GameoverException
15
{
randomAi .bestmove (board );
if(board.isGameover ()) throws new GameoverException ();
}
}; ���O�)�+�����
//
private int trialN =100; ~F�R�2�2�+�
//
public void bestmove (ConsoleBoard board)
{
BookManager book = new BookManager ();
Vector <point > movables = new book.find(board );
if( movables .Empty ())
{ �FB2G5'+1
//
board.pass ();
return ;
}
if(movables .size ()=1)
{ �FV)1D�)�F.R �¡O�);^Mb¢)£F8D¤+¥2;E<
//
board.move(( Point ) movables .get (0));
return ;
} �=�-�F�R�/�7.R¦5¤2o2§¨3_'+1D 2©�3_ª+A|«uj+A+k5G5¬/:DU®¯Xp�+�R�7�
// °5±)(D²2³�P7(R�/´-µ=1 AIprivate int vertualGame (ConsoleBoard nB,Point montPoint )
{
ConsoleBoard nBoard = new ConsoleBoard();
nBoard = nB;
System .out.println ();
nBoard .print (); ¶5·)¸//
int evaluation =0;
Player [] player new Player [2]; ¹R´/M_JFk5A/�DL7ºF1//
int current_player;
int fast_trun = nBoard . getCurrentColor();
16
fast_turn = 1;
System .out.println [FJD»)¼ (""+ fast_turn );player [0] = newrandomPlayer ½ ();player [1] = newrandomPlayer e ();if( fast_trun =1)
{
current_player =0;
}
else
{
current_player =1;
} ²5¾EJ7 F¿5J2À)Á7�F(7¬/:-¨`OaDÂ2Ã�GR�FÄ2Å/Æ)Ç=�F�R�7�//
nBoard .move( montPoint ); �^�O�DÈFA7É7Ê//
current_player = ++ current_player2; f=g)P7(5�)A)�
//
while(turn)
{
try{
player [ current_player]. onTurn (nBoard );
}
catch(doException n)
{
do
{
System .out.println ("do");
nBoard .do(); nBoard .do();
}while(nBoard .getMovablesPos (). isEmpty ());
contenue ;
}
catch( ExitException n)
{
n.printStackTrace ();
}
catch( BameOverException n)
{
System .out .println f=g ("");System .out .print (nBoard .countDisc (Disc.BLACK ));
System .out .print (nBoard .countDisc (Disc.WHITE ));
if(fast_turn =1){
evalution = nBoard .countDisc (Disc.WHITE)
nBoard .countDisc (Disc.BLACK );
}
17
else
{
evalution = nBoard .countDisc (Disc.BLACK)
nBoard .countDisc (Disc.WHITE );
}
break;
}
return evalution ;
}
18