400T/D New...

100T/D New Type

Energy-efficient Environmental Co-

combustion Shaft Lime Kiln Project

PROPOSAL

临沂市金永窑炉有限公司

Linyi Jinyong Kiln Machinery Manufacture Co.,Ltd

1.概述 Summary....................................................................................................................................................2

1.1 窑炉整体图 schematic diagram..................................................................................................................2

1.2 新型节能环保智能混烧石灰竖窑主要技术特点........................................................................................5

New Type Energy-efficient Environmental Co-combustion Shaft Lime Kiln Main Technical Features

...............................................................................................................................................................................5

1. 3 工程建设规模 Project construction scale..............................................................................................7

1. 4 原料 Raw material.................................................................................................................................7

1. 5 燃料 Fuel.....................................................................................................................................................9

2技术经济指标 Technical Economic Indicators............................................................................................10

3工艺流程 Process Flow.......................................................................................................................................11

3.1 工艺流程图 Process flow diagram..........................................................................................................11

3.2 工艺流程简述 Production process flow brief description....................................................................12

4 供配电三电系统 Power Supply EIC Control System.................................................................................15

4.1 概述 Summary...........................................................................................................................................15

4.2 传动及其控制 Transmission and its control..........................................................................................15

4.3 电气控制室 Electrical control room......................................................................................................15

4.4 检测仪表 Test instrument.........................................................................................................................16

4.5 三电控制系统 EIC control system...........................................................................................................17

4.6 控制系统描述 Control system description.............................................................................................19

5 石灰窑脱硫除尘技术............................................................................................................................................20

Lime Kiln Desulfurization Dust Remove Technology..................................................................................20

5.1 第一节选用多管除尘器除尘器技术：......................................................................................................21

Section I Multi-tbe Dust Removal Technology...........................................................................................21

5.2 第二节选用低压脉冲长布袋除尘器除尘器技术.....................................................................................22

Section II Low Pressure Pulse Long Bag Filter Technology....................................................................22

5.3 第三节选用双碱法脱硫除尘器除尘技术..................................................................................................25

Section III Double alkaline desulfurization dust removal technology......................................................25

6单窑设备机施工报价清单.....................................................................................................................................28

Single Kiln Equipments Quotation List...........................................................................................................28

6.1 单条生产线造价预算..................................................................................................................................28

Single Production Line Budget......................................................................................................................28

6.2 窑炉建设用料..............................................................................................................................................28

Construction Materials....................................................................................................................................28

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6.3 机械设备明细表..........................................................................................................................................28

Mechanical Equipments list............................................................................................................................28

6.4 施工工具.......................................................................................................................................................28

Construction Tools...........................................................................................................................................28

1.概述 Summary

1.1窑炉整体图 schematic diagram

3 3

1.2新型节能环保智能混烧石灰竖窑主要技术特点

New Type Energy-efficient Environmental Co-combustion Shaft Lime

Kiln Main Technical Features

该窑型为单筒竖窑结构简单，相对于其它窑型此窑施工方便砌筑简单。混料系统采用专用混料系统，

使石料与燃料混合均匀，有利于石灰的均匀煅烧。布料采用旋转式抪料器，使石料在窑内的布置十分均匀

窑内截面各点阻力相同，煅烧稳定。供风系统选用离心风机和“机械竖窑风帽”供风，使炉内风量实现均

压、均量，使炉内燃烧更充分、均匀，有效解决石灰的“生烧、过烧”现象，达到节能目的，石灰产品质量

稳定，活性度高，完全能够满足电石、炼钢、烧结等方面的使用要求。出灰系统选用周圈出灰机与二级液压

锁风装置相结合的方式，达到了比较理想的锁风性能。上料、配料、供风、供气、卸灰都是通过电脑自动化控

制完成。设备简单，操作弹性大，占地面积小，投资相对与其它窑型较低。

Simple structure kiln body , relatively convenient construction and masonry compared to other

types . Special mixing system, make stone mix with fuel evenly, is beneficial to uniformly calcining. Kiln

rotary feeder distributes limestone evenly inside the kiln , resistance of kiln stays same at different sites

on cross-section .Air supply system adopts centrifugal fan and “mechanical blast cap” ,to make sure air

flow inside the kiln stay same in volume pressure, to make the materials burning more completely and

evenly ,and also avoids defective calcination of limestone. The kiln becomes more energy-saving

stable and active ,can totally meet the requirement of calcium carbide ,steel-making and sintering .The

reciprocating discharging device and two-chamber air lock device show excellent performance in air

impermeability .All processes of kiln are controlled by computer automation system , simple ,high

elasticity ,smaller floor space and less investment.

◆生产规模100t/d。

Production scale 100 t/d.

◆窑操作弹性大，从60-100%任意调节，均能实现稳定生产。

The scale of production can be adjusted from 60% to 100% with stable production.

◆适用燃料为焦炭、无烟煤等固体燃料。

The fuel is coke ,anthracite and other solid fuels.

◆热耗低，热能利用合理，通过冷却石灰预热后的二次高温空气直接参与助燃，使热值充分利用，

能耗达130kg标煤/吨石灰。

Low caloric consumption ,reasonable thermal energy utilization .By cooling quick lime , high-

temperature air directly involved in combustion, make full use of the calorific value ,energy

consumption 130Kg coal per ton of limestone

◆竖窑采用微负压操作（窑顶），使窑内的气流分布均匀，有利于石灰的煅烧。

The shaft lime kiln adopts negative pressure operation(kiln roof),to make sure the air flow inside

kiln spread evenly ,which make good performance in clacination.

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◆设计了防止偏烧的纠偏系统。助燃风除从窑底正常供给外，在窑体煅烧带的周边均匀布有若干个辅

助的助燃风管，当热电偶检测到温度低（偏烧）时，开启相应位置的助燃风阀门，直接在煅烧带供给足

量的氧气，使煅烧带达到均衡稳定，有效克服了偏烧现象的发生。

To prevent partial burning, designed correction system .Besides normal supply under the kiln

,there’re several even distribution of combustion air around the calcining zone .When the thermocouple

detected a low temperature (partial burning),the corresponding combustion air valves open ,supply

enough oxygen to the calcining zone ,stabilize the calcining zone, effectively overcome the partial

burning phenomenon.

◆窑体结构特点：

Kiln body structure features

1）窑体呈圆形，有效高度约 24米，内侧有效直径为3.6米。窑体最外层为钢结构的窑壳，内砌保温

材料。在窑体上三个不同的高度分别装有3层共 12支热电偶，分别测量窑内不同区域的温度，以便及时调

整。

1) Kiln body is circular structure ,effective height is about 24 meters ,the inside effective diameter

is 3.6 meters .The outermost shell of kiln is steel structure crust ,thermal insulation material inside the

crust .At three heights of the body ,there are 3 layers, 12 pieces of thermocouples ,which can measure

the temperature of different zone in order to adjust in time.

2）炉窑操作配置 PLC控制操作系统。新型节能环保智能混烧竖窑系统采用先进的变频技术，控制采

用计算机与 PLC控制操作系统相结合的方式。实现从上料、混合、煅烧、出灰全自动化的方式，大大降低了

工人的劳动强度，提高了石灰的煅烧质量。

2)The Operating configuration adopts PLC operation system .New energy-saving

environmental protection intelligent coal mixing lime shaft kiln adopts the advanced frequency

conversion technology ,Control system is combination of computer and PLC system. Archived the full

automatic operation of feeding ,calcining ,discharging ,reduce labor intensity and improve the quality of

calcination.

◆新型节能环保智能混烧竖窑的煅烧原理：

The calcination principle of the new energy-saving environmental intelligent co-combustion shaft

kiln

混烧式竖窑的煅烧原理是根据将固体燃料（焦炭或无烟煤）与合格的石料均匀混合，通过窑顶的旋

转式布料器布入窑内，混合料在自身重力的作用下依次通过预热带、煅烧带、冷却带，最后烧制成合格的

成品石灰。在煅烧带，被预热后的混合料中的焦炭或无烟煤与窑底部来的冷却石灰的二次风燃烧产生热量

使煅烧带温度均匀达到1100～1250℃，完成石灰的煅烧。

The calcination principle of co-combustion shaft kiln :The solid fuels (such as coke ,anthracite and

other)mixed with qualified stone ,then spread to preheating zone through rotary distributing device

,mixed materials goes through preheating zone ,calcining zone ,cooling zone under its own gravity,

finally burned into qualified quick lime .In calcining zone, the mixture of coke or anthracite burns with

the air from bottom of kiln to produce heat which lead to evenly temperature at 1100 ~ 1250 in ℃calcining zone ,complete the the calcination.

1. 3 工程建设规模 Project construction scale

建设1座 100t/d混烧竖窑，其主要产品为活性石灰，设计产能为3.3万 t/年。在保证原料、燃料等

正常稳定操作的条件下，可保证以下性能值：

产能 3.3万吨/年

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活性度 ≥280ml（最高可达350，根据原料品质等情况，有所变化）

生过烧率 ≤8% (根据原料品质等情况，有所变化)

The main production of 100t/d co-combustion shaft kiln is active lime. Designed capacity is 33000

t/year, we can ensure the following performance value under the condition of normal and stable

operation:

Annual capacity : 33000 t/year

Active degree : ≥280ml(Up to 350,and changing according to the raw material quality)

Defective lime rate : ≤8% (changing according to the raw material quality)

1. 4 原料 Raw material

生产工业石灰，原料是一种天然的碳酸钙（俗称石灰石），由于石灰石组成及物理机械性能不尽相

同，所以一般采用的石灰石 CaO含量大于52%、MgO含量不大于3%，SiO2、P、S等有害杂质尽可能低。石灰石

在矿山开采破碎后，经水洗或筛分，合格料运到石灰竖窑料场堆存。

The raw material for producing industrial lime is natural calcium carbonate (commonly know as

limestone),since the limestone composition is different from its physical and mechanical performance ,

usually we use limestone with CaO content more than 52%,MgO content more than 3%, as low as

possible of harmful impurities like SiO2 ,P and S .After being crushed and grited in the mine the qualified

limestone material will be transported to shaft lime kiln silo for storage after washing and screening .

本工程采用石灰石原料要求 80～150㎜（80mm以下的≤5%，150mm以上的≤5%），经筛分后的石灰石

直接送至窑前受料仓，年用量将近 5.6万吨。

The project uses limestone material which must be 80-150 mm (less than 80mm ≤5%,more than

150mm ≤5%） ,after been screened, the limestone will be transported to kiln directly and the annual

consumption is about 56000 tons.

石灰石理化指标： (YB/T5279-2005)

The limestone physical and chemical indicators: (YB/T5279-2005)

类别

category

牌号

No.

化学成分（质量分数）Chemical components (quality percentage)，%

CaO CaO +Mg0 Mg0 SiO2 P S

不小于 No less than 不大于 No more than

普通石灰石

Normal

limestone

PS540 54.0 --- 3.0 1.5 0.005 0.025

PS530 53.0 1.5 0.010 0.035

PS520 52.0 2.2 0.015 0.060

PS510 51.0 3.0 0.030 0.100

PS500 50.0 3.5 0.040 0.150

镁质石灰石

Magnesium

limestone

GMS545 --- 54.5 8.0 1.5 0.005 0.025

GMS540 54.0 1.5 0.010 0.035

GMS535 53.5 2.2 0.020 0.060

GMS525 52.5 2.5 0.030 0.100

GMS515 51.5 3.0 0.040 0.150

9 9

附注：冶金石灰理化指标 (YB/T042-2004)

Note: Metallurgical lime physical and chemical indicators: (YB/T042-2004)

CaO% CaO +Mg0% Mg0% SiO2% S 活性度 ml

Active degree ml普通石灰

Normal lime

特级

Super grade

≥92.0 --- ＜5.0 ≤1.5 ≤0.020 ≥360

一级 First

grade

≥90.0 ≤2.0 ≤0.030 ≥320

二级

Second

≥88.0 ≤2.5 ≤0.050 ≥280

三级 Third

grade

≥85.0 ≤3.5 ≤0.100 ≥250

四级

Forth grade

≥80.0 ≤5.0 ≤0.100 ≥180

镁质石灰

Magnesium

lime

特级

Super grade

--- ≥93.0 ≥5.0 ≤1.5 ≤0.025 ≥360

一级 First

grade

--- ≥91.0 ≥5.0 ≤2.5 ≤0.050 ≥280

二级

Second

≥86.0 ≤3.5 ≤0.100 ≥230

三级 Third

grade

≥81.0 ≤5.0 ≤0.200 ≥210

根据以上两表，提供相应的石灰石生产相应的石灰。

Based on the above tables to provide the corresponding limestone for production.

1. 5 燃料 Fuel

新型节能环保智能混烧竖窑使用的燃料无烟煤。对燃料的具体要求如下：

The fuel of energy-efficient environmental co-combustion shaft lime kiln is anthracite coal .The

specific requirements as follows:

热值 5500～6500Kcal/Kg

Calorific value: 5500～6500Kcal/Kg

单窑耗量 11000～13000Kg/D.座

Consumption of each kiln: 11000～13000Kg/D.set

含水量 ≤8%

Water content: ≤8%

灰份 ≤10%

Ash content: ≤10%

挥发份 ≤10%

Volatile matter: ≤10%

粒度 10～40mm

Granularity: 10-40mm

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2技术经济指标 Technical Economic Indicators

竖窑主要技术经济指标 Shaft Kiln Main technical economic indicators

序号名称数值备注

1 竖窑型式

Vertical type

新型节能环保智能混烧竖窑

New type energy-efficient

environmental intelligent co-

combustion shaft kiln

2 竖窑座数 Quantity 1座 one set

3 日产能 Capacity 100t/d

4 占地面积 Floor space 3000 m2

5 竖窑有效截面积

Effective sectional area

～10m2 According to specific

design

6 竖窑有效高度

Effective height

～24m According to specific

desgin

7 竖窑有效容积

Effective volume

240m3

8 Annual capacity 33000 t

9 燃料 Fuel Anthracite ,coke

热值 Calorific value 5500～6500kcal/Kg

用量 Consumption 11000～13000Kg/D. Set

10 生过烧率

Defective lime rate

≤10%

11 年作业时间

Annually Working hours

330 Days

12 石灰石粒度

Limestone granularity

80-150mm

13 产品粒度

Production granularity

20～70㎜

14 活性度

Activity degree

≥280ml，Up to 350ml Depends on material

15 石灰石消耗

Limestone consumption

1.75t/t

16 总装机功率

Total installed power

186.5kw

17 竖窑大修周期

Kiln overhaul cycle

5 years

11 11

3 工艺流程 Process Flow

3.1 工艺流程图 Process flow diagram

12 12

原料配料系统 Raw material distribution

上料小车 Feeding cart

窑顶旋转布料器 Kiln crown rotary Feeder

100t/d 混烧窑 100T/D Co-

combustion kiln

往复式周圈出灰机Reciprocating typedischarging machine

石灰石Limestone

合格无烟煤Qualified anthracite

机械竖窑风帽 Mechanical shaft kiln blast cap 离心风机 centrifugal fan

fan

引风机 induced draft fan

复合式水膜脱硫除尘器

Compound water film dust removal

烟囱Chimney

旋风除尘器Cyclone dustremoval

高温布袋除尘器

High temperature

bag filter

二级液压锁风机 Two-stage hydraulic air lock

3.2 工艺流程简述 Production process flow brief description

（1）原料、燃料混合配送单元 Raw materials & Fuel mixed distribution unit

为保证活性石灰的煅烧质量均匀，设计要求供应粒度 80～150mm（非片状）其中（大于 150mm＜5%，

小于 80mm＜5%）

To Ensure the uniform calcined quality of active quick lime .The particle size is required to be

80~150mm (lime stone should be aschistic, among those ,size bigger than 150mm <5% , less than

80mm <5%)

1 料单元 Raw Material Unit

石灰石原料单元由原料仓（一个仓）、振动给料机、配料皮带（与燃料共用）等几部分组合。石灰石由

原料场经铲车运至原料仓，经仓下振动给料机振入配料皮带待用。

Limestone material unit is composed of storage hopper ,vibrating feeder ,proportioning belt

(together with fuel ) .Limestone is transported to the storage hopper from raw material field by forklift

,vibrates through hopper to the proportioning belt by vibrating feeder.

②燃料单元 Fuel Unit

燃料单元原料仓与原料仓一字排列，燃料仓下（一个仓）安装电机振动给料机，它与原料单元共用

配料皮带。当窑需要上料时，煤炭计量斗先称出一定质量的煤炭，然后振动给料机开始给配料皮带供料，

再进入上料小车。

Fuel unit storage hopper ,alongside of the limestone storage hopper , under the fuel hopper is

electric vibrating feeder ,they share the proportioning belt together .When the kiln needs raw material

,coal measuring hopper will weigh out featured coal ,along with the limestone ,fed to the belt by

vibrating feeder, then into the small loading cart .

（2）竖窑部分 Shat kiln part

①上料系统：当窑体料位计指示需要装料时，配料皮带上的混合料落入上料小车。在落入小车的过程

中，燃料及原料进行第二次混合，这样就确保了燃料及原料混合的均匀性。当小车装满料后，延时 2～5

秒启动卷扬机，由卷扬机牵引料车沿斜桥轨道上升，料车到达窑顶后通过窑顶抪料装置将合格原料均匀

布入窑内。

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平皮带输送机 Flat belt conveyor

斗式提升机 Bucket elevator

成品仓 Quicklime storage

Feeding system :When kiln level gage indicates to feed raw material , limestone mixed with coal

fall into small loading cart. In the process of falling ,fuel and raw material will experience the second

mixing which ensures uniformity of fuel and raw materials. When the small car is full of material ,with

2~5 seconds’ postpone ,the hoist starts and the small cart will skip along the diagonal bridge by the

traction of hoist ,when it arrives kiln roof ,the mixed material will be evenly distributed into the kiln by

distributing device.

②煅烧系统：物料进入窑内均匀下落，依次经过预热带、煅烧带、冷却带转化为成品活性石灰进入出

灰储运工序。

Calcination system :The material evenly falling into the kiln ,to the preheating zone ,to the

calcining zone ,to the cooling zone ,till become finished active lime into the ash storage.

在预热带混合料被由煅烧带来的高温废气充分预热，并在自身重力的作用下，慢慢下移进入煅烧带，

同时也使高温废气温度降致 200℃左右。

In preheating zone ,mixed materials is fully heated by high temperature from calcination zone

,under their own gravity ,slowly down into the calcining zone ,meanwhile the exhaust gas is lowed to

about 200 .℃在煅烧带，经冷却石灰的二次高温空气与高温煤燃烧，使煅烧带产生 900-1200度的高温煅烧带，将

石灰石煅烧成为合格的石灰。石灰二氧化碳残余量充分析出得到高质量的活性石灰。

In calcining zone, the high temperature air from cooling zone react with high temperature coal

,produces 900~1200 high temperature calcining zone ,limestone is calcined to become quick lime .℃Lime carbon dioxide can bu fully reacted to ensure the high quality of active quick lime.

③冷却系统：石灰石在煅烧带高温煅烧后进入冷却带，石灰冷却风源由离心风机供给。在冷却带设置

了“机械竖窑风帽”，使石灰冷却更加均匀。最后将成品灰冷却到100℃左右。

Cooling system: Limestone goes into cooling zone after the high temperature calcination in

calcining zone .Cooling air is provided by centrifugal fan .In cooling zone there’s mechanical shaft kiln

blast cap“ to ensure the lime cooling down evenly. Finally the finished lime will be cooled to about 100 .℃（3）出灰系统 Lime discharging system

冷却后的石灰经往复式出灰机和二级液压锁风机落入输送皮带（耐温150度）上。

After cooling down ,the lime fall on the conveyor belt(Temperature resistance 150 ) through℃reciprocate discharging device and two-chamber hydraulic air lock.

（4）成品储运系统 Finished product storage and transportation system .

窑下平皮带上的成品石灰经斗式提升机送入成品仓，存储量为一天的产量。

The finished lime on the belt under the kiln are sent to the storehouse by bucket elevator ,storage

for one day.

（5）空气和废气系统 Air and exhaust system

助燃风由离心风机将外边的空气经窑下的“机械竖窑风帽”鼓送到窑内，对石灰进行冷却，冷却石

灰预热后的二次高温空气到煅烧带与高温煤燃烧。

Combustion –supporting air is sent into the kiln by centrifugal fan from outside under the “

mechanical shaft kiln blast cap “ to cool down the lime , then goes into the calcination zone as high

temperature air to react with the high temperature coal.

窑内废气向上经安装在窑顶的除尘管道管引入旋风除尘器，旋风除尘器将废气中的大颗粒除去，处

理后的废气再进入高温长布袋除尘器除去细小颗粒，最后废气进入复合式旋风水膜脱硫除尘器，脱硫除

尘后的废气经引风机由烟囱排入大气。

The exhaust gas goes up and into the cyclone dust collector through the dust removal pipe,

cyclone dust collector removes the large particles ,then the exhaust gas goes into high temperature

large bag filter to remove the small particles ,then into the combined cyclone water dust scrubber , after

desulfurization, the gas will release to the atmosphere.

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（6）除尘系统 Dust remove system

本方案中的除尘系统指原料除尘、废气除尘、成品除尘和粉尘收集。

The dust remove system in this proposal refers to raw material dust removal ,exhaust gas dust

removal ,finished product dust removal and dust collection.

①原料除尘是指原料在运输、筛分过程中起尘点的粉尘除去。在这个过程中我们选择了低压反吹脉冲

袋式除尘器，过滤面积240m2，可以保证生产过程的环保需求。

Raw material dust removal refers to remove the dust of the raw material in the process of

transportation. In the process , we choose the low pressure pulse bag filter (filtering area 240 m2) to

guarantee the environmental project requirements .

②废气除尘是指从窑顶抽出的废气经过旋风除尘器除去大的颗粒，再进入高温布袋除尘器除去细小

颗粒，最后废气进入复合式旋风水膜脱硫除尘器，这种除尘器的除尘效率≥99%，脱硫效率≥95%。

Exhaust gas dust removal refers to the exhaust gas pump out of the kiln roof will remove large

particles by cyclone dust remover ,then remove small particles by high temperature bag filter ,at last

goes into combined cyclone water dust scrubber . The dust removal efficiency of this is ≥99% ,the

desulfurization efficiency is ≥95%.

2 品除尘是指成品在运输过程中起尘点的粉尘除去。在这个过程中我们选择了低压反吹脉冲袋式除

尘器，过滤面积240m2，可以保证生产过程的环保需求。

Finished product dust removal refers to the dust of finished product will be removed in

transportation .In the process ,we choose the low pressure pulse bag filter with filter area 240 m2 to

guarantee the environmental project requirements.

④粉尘收集是把灰尘收集到固定的容器里，囤积一定量后再经干灰散装机卸入指定的车辆，以便定

时拉运。

Dust collecting is to collect dust into a fixed container , with a certain amount ,the dust will be

discharged by dry ash bulk machine to specified truck for transportation .

4 供配电三电系统 Power Supply EIC Control System

4.1概述 Summary

4.1.1 三电系统包括电气（PLC控制）、仪表、电讯三个系统的有关设施。

EIC control system including the related facilities of electric (PLC control ) ,instrumentation

,telecommunications.

4.1.2拟建设的石灰石竖窑由原料配送、石灰石竖窑、成品控制组成。

The shaft vertical lime kiln plans to build in this proposal is composed of raw materials distributing ,

shaft vertical lime kiln ,finished product quality control.

4.1.3 供电方式 Power supply mode

380V，50Hz主电源

380V ,50HZ main power

4.2传动及其控制 Transmission and its control

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4.2.1传动及控制方案 Transmission and its control plan

本工程的配料皮带电机、离心风机、卷扬机电机、煤皮带电机采用低压变频控制。

In this project ,the proportioning belt motor ,centrifugal fan motor ,hoist motor ,coal belt motor use

low pressure frequency converting control.

4.3电气控制室 Electrical control room

根据本工程主要生产设备及辅助设施的分布位置，设置：主电气控制室。

According to the distribution of the main production engineering equipment and

Auxiliary facilities , SET : main electrical control room.

各电气室的相对湿度要求不大于 85%，无结露。

The relative humidity requirements of the electrical room is less than 85% ,no condensation.

PLC室的温度为15～25℃。

The temperature of PLC control room is 15~25 .℃

4.4检测仪表 Test instrument

4.4.1检测仪表的选择 Test instrument option

流量装置根据现场和工艺要求选用适合流量计；其它检测仪器选用有许可证的产品；调节阀采用电

动系列。Flow device chooses flow meter according to the site and technological requirements .Other

testing instruments should be licensed. Regulating valve should choose electric series.

4.4.2石灰石竖窑检测点列表 Limestone shaft kiln detecting point list

测量系统

measuring

system

工艺测点

measuring points of process

介质

medium

显示方式

display mode

上料

Feeding system

窑顶料位

Kiln crown level

石灰石

Limestone

远传（1×1）

remote transmission(1*1)

称重

weigh

原燃料

Crude fuel

远传（2×1）


出灰系统

Discharging

system

卸灰口温度

Discharging outlet

temperature

石灰 lime 远传（1×1）


窑体

Kiln body

窑顶温度

Kiln crown temperature

混合气

Mixed gas

远传（1×1）


窑内温度

Kiln inside temperature

远传（8×1）


助燃风

combustion air

助燃风流量

combustion air flow

空气

air

远传（1×1）


废气除尘

Exhaust gas

dust removal

窑顶废气温度

Kiln crown exhaust gas

temperature

废气

exhaust gas

远传（2×1）


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除尘器前后差压

Differential pressure before

and after the dust collector

废气

exhaust gas

远传（2×1）


水除尘溶液入口压强

Water inlet pressure of dust

水

Water

就地（1×1）

On spot (1*1)

压缩空气供气压力

The compressed air supply

pressure

PA 就地（1×1）

On spot (1*1)

4.5三电控制系统 EIC control system

4.5.1控制概述：Computer control summarize

本工程的数字量和模拟量输入PLC，通过编程，PLC输出控制设备，实现自动控制。

The digital and analog quantity of this project input to PLC ,through programming ,PLC will output

the control equipment to realize the automatic control.

主要设备分两种控制：

Main equipment consists of 2 types of control.

(1)集中控制自动控制，设备处于“自动”模式，计算机画面上点击运行，依照设定的程序，相应

设

备自动运行。

Centralized automatic control ,when equipment is in “automatic” mode ,click the Run button

on computer screen ,the correspond equipment will run automatically as established procedure.

(1)集中控制手动控制，鼠标点击计算机画面，启动或停止单台设备。

Centralized manual control , click the computer screen to start or stop the single equipment.

集中控制手动控制：

Centralized manual operation

在主控室内，计算机控制画面主要包括： In main control room ,the computer control screen

includes:

1、石灰窑主画面。

Lime kiln picture

2、上料系统画面。

Feeding system picture

3、石灰窑温画面。

Lime kiln temperature picture

4、助燃风、废气、除尘器画面。 Combustion air ,exhaust air and dust removal picture

当计算机画面启动手动控制，所有的机械停止自动工作程序，由控制柜的开关键控制设备的运行和

停止。

When the computer runs manual operation ,all equipments stop automatic program , controlled

by the on-off button on control cabinet.

集中控制自动控制：

Centralized control automatic control

系统设备处于“自动”模式，计算机画面上点击系统运行，则相应系统设备，按照程序设定方式自

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动运行。比如，将计算机画面转到上料系统，此时显示上料系统画面，操作人员首先确认系统的每一台设

备是否处在原始位置，系统无报警。一旦系统正常，鼠标点击自动系统启动按钮，此时系统就进入自动运

行状态，根据料位指示，运行或停止设备。

When the equipment system is on “ automatic” ,click the system operation on computer screen ,the

corresponding system equipment will automatically operate as designed program. For example ,switch

computer screen to the feeding system ,picture of feeding system will be showed on computer, operator

must check all equipments to ensure all devices in original position and no alarming .If system is normal

,click the start button, then system will runs automatically .

4.5.2系统配置 System configuration

石灰石竖窑控制系统：

Shaft vertical lime kiln control system

检测与控制系统：计算机+PLC +检测元件组成。

Detecting and control system : Computer + PLC +detecting components

控制系统采用手动控制与集中控制方式，简便、可靠和经济。

Control system divides into manual control and automatic control ,easy ,reliable and economic.

4.5.3电源配置 Power configuration

系统配置 UPS，供计算机及 PLC，停电后可保证有电15-30分钟。

System disposes UPS for computer and PLC ,it can runs another 15~30 minutes after power

failure.

4.5.4配电柜、控制柜、电缆及控制电缆的选择

Power distribution cabinet ,control cabinet ,cable and controlling cable option.

（1）电气控制柜选用 GGD改型。Electric control uses GGD remodel.

（2）动力线、控制线选用阻燃型，独立走各自的桥架避免相互干扰。

Power line ,control line select flameproof type ,all separate ,will not interfere each other.

4.5.7工业监视系统 Industrial monitors system

在石灰窑生产中，为了保证产品质量，提高生产效率，确保设备和人身安全，设置工业电视系统。

In the production of quick lime ,to guarantee the quick lime quality ,improve production

efficiency ,make sure the safety of equipments and operator. Set up industrial monitors.

在配料皮带、上料、窑顶抪料等处设置固定监控探头。

Set up fixed CCTV-cameras on proportioning belt device ,feeding device ,distribute device.

A、原料配送（1台）窑前配料皮带配料作业用半固定云台监控探头头 1台/座。

In front of kiln around proportioning belt sets up one semifixed probe camera.

B、上料系统（1台）卷扬机用监控探头 1台/座。

Feeding system device ,on hoist sets up one fixed probe camera.

C、窑顶抪料（1台）供窑顶加料作业用半固定云台监控探头 1台/座。

At kiln roof around the distributing device sets up one semifixed probe camera.

D、出灰皮带（1台）供窑下出灰装置作业用半固定云台监控探头 1台/座。

Under the kiln around lime discharging system device sets up one semifixed probe camera.

E、窑顶（1台）看料位和火层装置半固定云台监控探头 1台/座。

At Kiln roof around the materials-observation site set up one semifixed probe camera.

上述共计设置监控探头 5台。在主控室用多画面监视器（计算机）进行监视，并设有 500G硬盘录像

机，对每个监控点的情况进行录像。

5 monitoring-probes in total , monitoring on multi-screen at main control room and set up hard disk

video with capacity 500G to monitor every detecting point.

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4.6 控制系统描述 Control system description

石灰窑控制系统可以分为配料系统、上料系统、出灰系统、窑体系统、设备厂房系统、燃烧系统等。

Lime kiln control system divides into distributing system , feeding system ,lime discharging

system ,kiln body system ,equipments plant , combustion system . 第一部分配料系统 Section I Distributing system

配料系统主要作用是将石料与燃料按计算好的比例进行混合。

Distributing system’s role is to proportionally mixed limestone and fuel.

配料系统的设备包括振动给料机、称重斗、混合皮带。

Distributing system equipments including vibrating feeder ,weigh hopper ,mixed belt.

第二部分上料系统 Section II Feeding system

上料系统主要作用是将原料通过上料设备输送到窑体进行煅烧。

Feeding system’s role is convey raw material to kiln body by feed equipments.

上料系统的设备包括卷扬机、上料小车。

Feeding system equipments including hoist ,small feeding car.

第三部分出灰系统 Section III Lime discharging system

出灰系统控制

Discharging system control

在出灰系统界面设有周圈往复式出灰机、二级液压锁风装置、出灰皮带等信号。

On the screen of discharging system ,set up signal of reciprocating discharging machine ,

two-chamber hydraulic air lock device , lime conveying belt

第四部分燃烧系统 Section IV Combustion system

窑壳温度检测点共设有 8个，分2层布置，一次传感器为热电偶，在显示器上显示煅烧层的温度，利

于调整风平衡。

There’s 8 temperature detecting point on kiln shelf ,divides into two layers to install ,temperature

sensor transmits signal to show the temperature of calcination ,easier to manager the balanced

ventilation .

第五部分废气系统 Section V Exhaust gas system

窑顶废气温度通过热电偶测定温度，水除尘器入口压强和温度显示在计算机显示屏上，利于调控引

风机和除尘器。

Measuring the temperature of exhaust gas around kiln roof ,air pressure and temperature of water

film scrubber and shows on computer screen to adjust and control induced draft fan and dust removal .

5 石灰窑脱硫除尘技术

Lime Kiln Desulfurization Dust Remove Technology

就贵公司的石灰竖窑粉尘治理的项目，根据贵公司提供的有关要求，本着安全、高效、节能、经济、合

理、切实、可行的原则，确保投入的设备能长期，稳定运行。现对该项目的设备选型及参数等方面提供如下

方案。

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According to the customer’s requirements ,bearing in mind the principle of Safety ,Energy-

efficient,

Economy ,Reasonability ,Practicality ,reliability ,to make sure the equipments runs stably and long term.

We provide solution of choosing equipments and parameters as below:

5.1第一节选用旋风除尘器除尘器技术：

Section I Multi-tube Dust Removal Technology

5.1．1结构 Structure

多管除尘器组成结构图

Multi-tube dust removal structure

5.1.2工作原理 Working principle

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二级多管除尘工作原理：含尘气体经进风管进入一级除尘箱体，通过离心力的作用，较大颗粒与箱

壁碰撞，落入集灰斗，通过闸阀排出。净化后的气体由方箱进入密集排列的风管，自下而上的方向气流运

动,含尘颗粒通过自身重力落入集尘箱，烟气再次进入二级多管除尘方箱，自上而下的气流运动，再次起

到降温的作用，烟气通过侧风管将烟气排出。

Two-stage multi-tube dust removal device working principle: Dusty gas into the dust removal box

through ventilation duct, under the impact of the centrifugal force ,large particles collide with box wall

and fall into the dust hopper ,discharged via sluice valve. The purified gas go into a dense cluster of

ventilation ducts through square box, air flow movement from above goes down .Dust particles fall into

the dust hopper under the action of its own gravity ,gas into the two-stage multi-tube dust removal

box ,air movement from above goes down ,once again play the role of cooling , exhaust gas will release

through the ventilation duct .

5.2 第二节选用低压脉冲长布袋除尘器除尘器技术

Section II Low Pressure Pulse Long Bag Filter Technology

5.2.1 LMC低压脉冲长布袋除尘器 LMC low pressure long bag pulse bag filter

LMC系列脉冲长布袋除尘器是我公司在喷冲脉冲（Jet Pulse)除尘技术的基础之上，结合国内外先

进除尘技术，为满足大风量烟气净化需要而研制的的脉冲长布袋除尘器。它不但具有比反吹布袋除尘器的

清灰能力强，除尘效率高、排放浓度低等特点。LMC系列脉冲长布袋除尘器可广泛应用于建材、水泥、冶金、

机械、电力、垃圾焚烧、工业窑炉等常温含尘气体的净化及粉状物料的回收。

LMC series long bag pulse bag filter is designed by our company ,based on Jet pulses dust

removal technology ,combined advanced technology home and abroad .It can purify large volume gas ,

more powerful ,higher efficiency ,lower emission concentration etc. LMC series long bag pulse bag filter

is widely used in construction materials ,cement ,metallurgy ,petrifaction ,

machinery ,electricity ,incineration ,industrial kiln etc to purify or recycle the exhaust gases.

5.2.2工作原理 Working principle

LMC系列脉冲长布袋除尘器主要由上箱体、中箱体、灰斗、卸灰系统、喷吹系统和控制系统等几部分组

成，并采用下进气分室结构。含尘烟气由进风口经中箱体下部进入灰斗；部分较大的尘粒由于惯性碰撞、

自然沉降等作用直接落入灰斗，其他尘粒随气体上升进入各个袋室。经滤袋过滤后，粉尘被阻留在滤袋外

面，净化后的气体由滤袋内部进入箱体，由出风口排入大气。

LMC series long bag pulse bag filter consists upper box and middle box ,ash hopper ,

discharging system ,spraying and blowing system and control system, adopts the inlet chamber

structure . Exhaust gas contains particle stuff goes into ash hopper from the air intake through middle

box ,some of the large particles drop into ash hopper cause of inertial impaction and free settling, other

particles spread into each bag house along with the rising gas .After filtering ,most particles are

intercepted by filter bag ,filtered gas goes into the box through filter bag and release to atmosphere

through air outlet .

随着过滤过程的不断进行，滤袋外面所附积的粉尘不断增加，从而导致袋收除尘器本身的阻力逐渐

21 21

升高。当阻力达到预先设定值时，清灰控制发生信号，首先令一个袋室的提升阀关闭以切断该室的过滤气

流，然后打开电磁脉冲阀，压缩空气经气包，脉冲阀、喷吹管上的喷嘴以极短的时间（0.065-0.085）向

每条滤袋喷射。压缩空气在箱内高速膨胀，使滤袋外侧所附尘饼变形脱落。在充分考虑了粉尘的时间（保

证所脱落粉尘能够有效落入灰斗）后，提升阀打开，此袋室滤袋恢复到过滤状态，而下一袋室进入清灰

状态，如此直到最后一袋室清灰完毕为一个周期，LMC系列脉冲长布袋除尘器是由多个独立的室组成的，

清灰时各室按顺序分别进行，互不干扰，实现长期连续运行。上述清灰过程均由清灰控制器进行自动控制

分为定时和定阻力两种方式，可根据用户的要求决定采用哪一种。

As filtering processing goes on ,the particles enclosed to the filter bag outside increase , make the

resistance of the bag filter higher and higher ,when it reaches a specific point ,purify system sends out

signal to close a lift valve of one bag house to cut off the filtering airflow ,then turns on electro-magnetic

pulse valve to compress air injecting into every filter bag within few seconds (0.065~0.085 s) through

air pocket ,pulse valve ,nozzle on injection pipe. The compressed air expand at high speed in box ,

cause the particles enclosed to the filter bag to fall out . After enough particles falling into the ash

hopper , turns on life valve ,recover this bag house and move on to next bag house ,till all bag houses

complete purified .LMC series long bag pulse bag filter is composed of many independent

room(house) ,when purify operation is on ,every house runs independent ,won’t affect each other to

make sure the bag filter can runs continuously . The whole processed above is auto-controlled by purify

system device ,divides into two styles :time-lapse or specific resistance either is available .

该产品综合了分室反吹和脉冲清灰两类除尘器的优点，克服了分室反吹清灰强度不足和一般脉冲清

灰粉尘再附等缺点，使清灰效率提高，喷吹频率大为降低，该产品使用淹没式脉冲阀，降低了喷吹气源

压力和设备运行能耗，延长了滤袋，脉冲阀的使用寿命，综合技术性能大大提高。

This device combined advantage of fractional blow dust removal and pulse purifying dust removal

and avoid their weakness ,improve the purifying efficiency ,it uses submerged pulse valve ,reduces

injection pressure and energy consumption ,extends service life of filter bag and pulse valve ,improves

combination performance.

5.2.3产品特点 Product feature

(1)采用下进气结构，较粗的高温颗粒直接落入灰斗，有效保护了滤袋。

Inlet chamber structure ,the thicker high temperature particles drop directly into ash hopper ,so the

filter bag can be protected .

(2)采用长滤袋，在同等处理能力时设备占地面积少，更便于老厂改造。

Long bag filter ,much smaller floor area under the same processing capacity.

(3)采用分室离线清灰，效率高，粉尘的二次吸附少，同时有效的降低了设备能耗，滤袋与脉冲阀的

疲劳程度也相应降低，成倍的提高了滤袋和阀片的寿命，大量减少了设备运行维护的费用。

Separate room off-lone purify ,high efficiency ,low energy consumption, reduce bag filter and

pulse valve fatigue level , therefore improve service life of bag filter and pulse valve , significantly

reduce equipments maintenance costs.

(4)检修换袋可在不停系统风机，系统正常运行的条件下分室进行。

Examining ,repairing and replacing bag can be done in separate rooms under the normal

operation .

(5)滤袋袋口采用弹簧涨紧结构，拆装方便，具有良好的密封性。

Filter bag’s entry adopts spring tension structure ,easier to dismount ,good sealing.

(5)箱体采用气密性设计，密封性好，检查门用优良的密封材料，制作过程中以煤油检漏，漏风率

很低。

The box adopts airproof design ,good sealing ,access door uses excellent seal materials.

(7)进、出口风道布置紧凑，气流阻力小。

Inlet and outlet in compact form ,lower the air pressure

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（8）整台设备由PLC机控制，实现自动清灰、卸灰、自动温控制及超温报警。

The whole equipments are controlled by PLC ,can realize auto-purifying ,discharging ,

auto –temperature control and overheat alert .

(9)内部钢构件采用高温防腐处理，使用寿命长。

Interior steel member adopts high temperature corrosion ,long serving life.

5.2.4除尘器选择的要素 Elements of dust removal selection

（1）过滤速度的选择；Choice of filtering rate

过滤速度是除尘器选型的关键因素，应根据烟尘或粉尘的性质、应用场合、粉尘粒度、粘度、气体温度

含尘份量，含尘浓度及不同滤袋等因素来确定。

Filtering rate is the key to choose perfect type of dust removal ,condition based on dust or particle

character ,application field ,particle granularity ,viscosity ,dustiness ,particle concentration etc.

当粉尘粒度较细，温、湿度较高，浓度大，粘性较大宜选低值。如≤1m/min；反之可选高值，一般不

宜超过1.5m/min.对于粉尘粒度很大，常温、干燥、无粘性、且浓度极低，则可选1.5-2m/min.

When the particle size is quite thin ,temperature and humidity is high, concentration is large ,it

should choose low numerical ,such like ≤1m/min；otherwise it’s high numerical ,normally no more than

1.5m/min.For particle has large granularity, normal temperature ,dry , cohesionless ,low

concentration ,use 1.5~2m/min

(2)过滤材料 Filter material

应根据含烟尘气体的温度、含水份量、酸、碱性质、粉尘的粘度、浓度等高低，大小来考虑。

Condition considered based on exhaust gases’ temperature ,water content ,acid-base properties

,viscosity, concentration etc.

一般在含水量较小，无酸性时根据含尘气体温度来选用，常温或≤130℃时，常用 500-550g/m2的涤

纶针刺毡。≤250℃时，选用 800g/m2玻纤针刺毡或800g/m2或氟美斯（FMS）高温滤料。

Usually when the water content is small ,non-acidic , choose the material according to the

temperature, normal temperature or ≤130 , in common use 500~550 g/m℃ 2 polyester needle-felt. When

≤250 ,use 800g/m℃ 2 glass fiber needle felt or 800g/m2 or Fluorine mae (FMS) high temperature filter

material

当含水份量较大，粉尘浓度又较大时，宜选用防水、防油滤料或覆膜滤料。当含尘气体含酸、碱性且

气体温度≤190℃，常选用 PPS（聚苯硫醚）针刺毡，当气体温度≤200℃，常选用美搭斯（聚酰胺合纤）

针刺毡，气体温度≤240℃，耐酸碱性要求不太高，选用 P84（聚酰亚胺）针毡刺。

When the water content is big ,better choose waterproof ,oilproof filter material or precoated filter

material . When the exhaust gas contains acidity, alkaline and temperature ≤190 ,in common use PPS℃(polyphenylene sulfide) punched felt ,when gas temperature ≤200 ,use polyamide synthetic fiber ,gas℃temperature ≤240 ,no requirement on acid-base resistance property ,use P84 (polyimide) needles℃stabbed .

当含尘气体为易燃易爆气体时，选用防静电涤纶针刺毡，当含尘气体既有一定水份又为易燃易爆气

体时，选用防水防电防静电涤纶针刺毡。

When exhaust gas is flammable and explosive ,use waterproof ,electroshock-proof ,antistatic

polyester needle-felt.

（3）控制仪 Director

LMC型脉冲长布袋除尘器清灰控制采用 PLC微电脑程控仪，采用定时（自动）控制方式。

LMC series long bag pulse bag filter purifying device adopts PLC computer control director, timed

(automatic ) control type .

定时控制；按设定时间，每隔一清灰周期，各室依次清灰一遍。

Timed control :Purifying every room as given time per cycle.

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5.3 第三节选用双碱法脱硫除尘器除尘技术

Section III Double alkaline desulfurization dust removal technology

5.3.1双碱法脱硫工艺 Double alkaline desulfurization process

钙钠双碱法脱硫工艺，简称双碱法。该法主要是脱除气体中的 SO2气体。适用于石灰窑炉气、焦炉气、锅

炉生产废气等的脱硫.

Double alkaline sodium calcium desulfurization process is called double-alkali method .It mainly

remove of SO2 gas ,apply to desulfurization from lime kiln gas ,coke-oven gas and production of boiler

gas etc.

5.3.2 工艺特点。technological characteristic

钙钠双碱法是先用钠碱性吸收液进行烟气脱硫，然后再用石灰粉再生脱硫液，由于整个反应过程是

液气之间进行，避免了系统结垢问题，而且吸收速率高，液气比低，吸收剂利用率高，投资费用省，运

行成本低。

The double-alkali method first use sodium calcium is flue gas desulfurization with sodium alkali

absorption solution first ,and then with lime powder regeneration of desulfurizing solution .Because the

whole reaction process is between liquid and gas, the process can avoid the fouling , and the

absorption rate is high, the liquid gas ratio is low, the utilization rate of absorbent is high, investment

cost and operation cost is low.

1、以NaOH(Na2CO3)脱硫，脱硫液中主要为 NaOH(Na2CO3)水溶液，在循环过程中对水泵、管道、设备缓

解腐蚀、冲刷及堵塞，便于设备运行和维护。

1.With NaOH (Na2CO3) desulfurization, desulfurization fluid mainly is NaOH (Na2CO3) aqueous

solution, in the process of circulation to alleviate water pumps, pipes, equipment corrosion, erosion and

blockage, is advantageous for the equipment operation and maintenance.

2、钠基吸收液对 SO2反应速度快，故有较小的液气比，达到较高的脱硫效率，一般≥90%。

2、Sodium based liquid absorption of SO2 reaction speed, therefor has smaller liquid gas ratio,

achieve high desulfurization efficiency, usually 90% or higher.

3、脱硫剂的再生及脱硫沉淀均发生于塔体避免塔内堵塞和磨损，提高了运行的可靠性，降低了运行

成本。

The process of desulfurization regeneration and precipitation occurred in the tower body can

avoid tower blocking and wearing ,improve the reliability of the operation and reduce the operation cost.

5.3.3 工艺原理 Technical principle

1、反应原理 Reaction principle

SO2 吸收反应：Na2CO3＋SO2→Na2SO3＋CO2↑

SO2 absorption reaction : Na2CO3＋SO2→Na2SO3＋CO2↑

吸收剂再生反应：CaO＋H2O→Ca(OH)2

Attractant regeneration reaction : CaO＋H2O→Ca(OH)2

Ca(OH)2＋Na2SO3＋H2O→2NaOH＋CaSO3＋H2O

2、工艺流程。Technological process

采用石灰窑炉的烟气经换热降温至≤200℃，经烟道从塔底进入脱硫塔。在脱硫塔内布置若干层数十

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支喷嘴，喷出细微液滴雾化均布于脱硫塔溶积内，烟气与喷淋脱硫液进行充分汽液混合接触，使烟气中

SO2和灰尘被脱硫液充分吸收、反应，达到脱尘除 SO2的目的。经脱硫洗涤后的净烟气经塔顶除雾器脱水，

经脱硫塔上部进入烟囱排入大气。脱硫循环液经塔内气液接触除 SO2后，经塔底管道流入沉淀池在此将灰

尘沉淀下来，清液经上部溢进入反应再生池，在池内与石灰乳液制备槽引来的石灰乳进行再生反应，再

生液流入泵前循环槽补入Na2CO3，由泵打入脱硫塔顶脱除 SO2循环使用。其中再生产出的 CaSO3及烟气中

过剩氧生成的 CaSO4于沉淀池中沉淀分离。

The exhaust gas cools to ≤200 after heat transfer, goes into desulfurization tower through smoke℃canal under the tower .Arranged dozens of nozzles inside the tower ,spraying subtle atomization drop

and spread inside the tower ,gas and the desulfurization liquid proceed fully gas-liquid contact ,the

SO2 and particles are fully absorbed and reacted by desulfurizing liquid ,this can remove SO2 and dust

particles. Then the gas goes into funnel after dehydration and release to atmosphere. Desulfurization

liquid flows into sedimentation tank and precipitate dust particles. Clean liquid overflows into reaction

regeneration pool ,react with lime milk ,add Na2CO3 before it goes flows into pump , then pumping the

regenerated liquid into desulfurization tower to remove SO2 for recycling purpose.

The produced CaSO3 and extra CaSO4 will be separated from the sedimentation basin.

5.3.4工艺优势 Technology advantage

1、烟气系统 Exhaust gas system

来自石灰窑烟气经烟道引风机直接进入脱硫塔。设计空速小（4.0m/s），塔压力降小（≤600Pa），脱

硫集中除尘、脱硫、排烟气于一体，烟气升至塔顶进入烟囱排入大气。脱硫塔制作完毕喷砂处理后，环氧树

脂防腐 6遍，塔内部件主要是喷嘴和防雾器，均为不锈钢材质。当脱硫泵出现故障时，脱硫暂停反应，烟

气可通过烟囱排入大气。

Exhaust gas are forced into desulfurizing tower by induced draft fan .Space velocity is small

(4.0m/s ） ,tower pressure decreases (≤600Pa ） ,desulphurization combined dust removal ,sulfur

removal and gas removal ,gas rises to kiln roof and release into atmosphere through funnel. After sand

blasting ,taking epoxy resin anti corrosive procedure for 6 times, when desulphurization pump is out of

function ,desulphurization stops ,exhaust gas can be released to atmosphere by funnel.

2、脱硫塔 SO2吸收系统 Desulfurization tower SO2 absorbing system

烟气进入脱硫塔向上升起与向下喷淋的脱硫剂以逆流式洗涤，气液充分接触吸收 SO2。脱硫塔采用喷

嘴式喷淋，由于喷嘴的雾化作用，分裂成无数小直径的液滴，其总表面积增大数千倍，使气液得以充分

接触，气液相接触面积越大，效率越高。脱硫塔内碱液雾化吸收 SO2及粉尘，生成 Na2SO3，同时消耗了

NaOH。脱硫液排出塔外进入再生池与 Ca(OH)2反应，再生出钠离子并补入NaOH，经循环脱硫泵打入脱硫塔

循环吸收 SO2。在脱硫塔顶部装有除雾器，经除雾器折流板碰冲作用，烟气携带的烟尘和其他水滴、固体颗

粒被除雾器捕获分离。

Flue gas rising upward into the desulfurization tower react with the desulfurizer spraying downward,

contact with liquid to absorb SO2. Desulfurization tower adopts spray type ,due to the nozzle

atomizing ,the desulfurizer split into numerous small diameter droplets, increase its total surface area of

thousands of times, quickly fully contact. Larger gas liquid contact area ,higher the efficiency.

Atomization lye absorbs SO2 and dust in desulfurization tower, generate Na2SO3, while consumption

of NaOH. The liquid from desulfurization tower discharges into regeneration pool and react with

Ca(OH)2, regenerate Na+ and add NaOH, go though the circulation desulfurization pump into the

desulfurization tower to absorb of SO2 circulatory. In the desulfurization tower crown equipped with mist

eliminator, the mist eliminator baffle plate touch smoke and other water droplets and solid particles

carried by flue gas captured by the demister separation.

脱硫产物最终是石膏浆，具体为 CaSO3、CaSO4还有部分被氧化的 Na2SO4及粉尘。由潜水泥浆泵从沉淀

池排出处理好，经自然蒸发晾干。由于石膏浆中含有固体杂质，影响石膏的质量，所以一般以抛弃法为高

排出沉淀池浆液可经水力旋流器，稠厚器增浓提固后，再排至渣场处理。

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The final desulphurization product is calcium plaster ,For specific CaSO3、CaSO4 and some

oxidized Na2SO4 and particles .The calcium plaster is discharged from settling pond by submersible

slurry pump, airing via natural evaporation. Usually using a certain pro-grammed method cause calcium

plaster contains solid impurity which may affect the quality . Extracted sedimentary fluid will be

extracted to residue field after solidified by hydrocyclone.

3、方案的特点 Features of proposal

以NaOH(Na2CO3)脱硫，脱硫液中主要为 NaOH(Na2CO3)水溶液，在循环过程中对水泵、管道、设备缓解

腐蚀、冲刷及堵塞，便于设备运行和维护。钠基吸收液对 SO2反应速度快，故有较小的液气比，达到较高的

脱硫效率，一般≥90%。

脱硫剂的再生及脱硫沉淀均发生于塔体避免塔内堵塞和磨损，提高了运行的可靠性，降低了运行成

本。以空塔喷淋为脱硫塔结构，运行可靠性高，事故发生率小，塔阻力低，△P≤600Pa。

Removing sulfur by NaOH (Na2CO3), desulphurization liquid is mainly NaOH(Na2CO3) water

solution , present excellent effects in resolving the corrosion problem of the equipments ,water pump

and pipeline ,easier to run and maintain the equipments .Sodium based absorbing liquid react quickly

with SO2,make good efficient ,usually ≥90%。

Both regeneration and precipitation of desulfurizer react inside tower ,avoid jamming and

abrasion ,improve the reliability , reduce the operation cost . Structure is hollow column spraying ,high

safety and low pressure P≤600Pa△ 。

4、吸收 SO2效率及主要影响因素

PH值：PH值高，SO2吸收速率大，脱硫效率高，同时PH值高，结垢几率小，避免吸收剂表面纯化。

温度：温度低有利于气液传质，溶解 SO2，但温度低影响反应速度，所以脱硫剂的温度不是一个独立的不

变因素，取决于进气的烟气温度。

Efficient of SO2 absorbing and main influencing factors

PH value :high value ,suction speed is larger , desulphurization efficient is high ,scale formation rate is

small ,protect the absorbent form depuration

Temperature : low temperature is convenient for gas-liquid transfer ,dissolve SO2,but low temperature

affect the reaction speed ,so the temperature of desulfurizer is a unique invariant factor ,depends on

the temperature of exhaust gas .

我公司的三级脱硫除尘器是专业处理石灰窑炉废气的除尘设备，通过逐级分层的处理方式处理石灰

窑炉废气，旋风除尘器处理大颗粒粉尘和降低废弃温度；低压脉冲长布袋除尘器主要处理细小粉尘；双

碱脱硫除尘器主要处理细小粉尘和烟气中的 SO2 .石灰窑炉产生的废气通过这三级除尘器的处理完全能达

到环保要求。

The three-chamber desulfurization dust removal designed by our company is professional dust

removing plant ,disposing exhaust gas step by step .cyclone dust removal to remove large particles and

lower temperature of exhaust gas ,low pressure long bag filter to filter small particles ,double alkali

desulfurization dust removal to remove fine dust and SO2. The exhaust gas from lime kiln can suffice

environmental requirement via these three-chamber dust removal operation.

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6单窑设备机施工报价清单

Single Kiln Equipments Quotation List

Equipments List

No. Item Quantity Price Remark

1 Automaticfeedingsystem

1 $12000.0 Hoister、small loading car、wirerope、hoisting sheave、guide pulley 、vibrating feeder

2 Reciprocating discharging device

1 $10000.0 Motor reducing gear 、Crankshaft connecting rod assy 、Tripper car

3 Blast cap 1 $3000.0

4 Air lock 1 $8000.0 Air-lock device、oil station

5 Distributingdevice

1 $10000.0 Rotary table assy ,spreader

6 PLC controlsystem

1 $30000.0 The whole control system

7 Air blower 1 $5000.08 1*10meter belt

weigher1 $4000.0 The belt

frame 、motorized pulley、belt

9 0.8*10meterconveyor

1 $2800.0 The belt frame 、motorized pulley、belt

10 Weighinghopper

1 $1700.0 Vibrating feeder 、weighing frame 、belt conveyor

11 2.2*0.8metervibratingfeeder

1 $2150.0

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12 Calcinationdetectingdevice

1 $2000.0 0.5KW/set

13 Calcinationadjustingdevice

1 $2000.0 7.5KW/set

TOTAL PRICE $92650.0

Tips: Dust removal system will charge another $25000.0

6.1单条生产线造价预算

6.2窑炉建设用料

Construction Materials

100T Single Lime Kiln Material Budget

Number Item Standard Unit Quantity Remark

1 Firebrick 300*244*345*100 piece 10100 　

2 Fireclay 　 T 10 　

3 Small red brick 　 piece 65000 　

4 Castable 　 m3 36 　

5 Chaotic soil 　 m3 75 　

6 Wire rod Φ8 T 0.7 　

7 Thread steel Φ20 T 8 　

8 Thread steel Φ25 T 1.5 　

9 Steel plate 5655x1500x8 Piece 72 　

10 Steel plate 16mm m2 20 　

11 Antiskid plate 1260x6000x5 m2 53 　

12 Spiro-tube Φ426*6 m 50 　

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13 Spiro-tube Φ820*10 m 28 　

14 Galvanizedpipe

108x6 m 140 　

15 Galvanizedpipe

25x3 m 345 　

16 SGCH 50x4 m 350 　

17 Channel steel 220x75x8 m 110 　

18 Channel steel 120x50x4.5 m 190 　

19 Angle steel 100*100*10 m 110 　

20 Angle steel 90*90*8 m 300 　

21 Grey antirustpaint

18kg/bucket bucket 18 　

30 Welding rod Φ4 T 0.7 　

Steel materials total 70 tonsRemark : Reference only ,details need further negotiation.

6.3机械设备明细表

Mechanical Equipments list

6.4施工工具

Construction Tools

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Single Kiln Construction Tools List

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No. Item Model Standard Quantity Remark1 Electric welder 　　 4sets 　

2 Gas cutting 　　 2sets 　

3 Bar straightener 　　 1 　

4 Bending machine 　　 1 　

5 Guillotine shear 　　 1 　

6 Rolling machine 　　 1 　

7 Rammer machine 　 Vertical type 1 　

8 Vibrating spear 　　 1set 　

9 Mixer 350-450 　 1 　

10 Tower crane 40-50 　 1 　

11 Small forklift 　 1.0T 1 　

12 Chain block 2T.3T 　 one of each 　

13 Steel wire rope 　 14 45 meter 　

14 Rope cappel 　 14 50 　

15 Boots 　　 4 pairs 　

16 Large steel rule 　 50m 1 　

17 Construction line 　　 1Kg 　

18 Ink 　　 2 bottles 　

19 Scrubbing brush 　 100mm 20 　

20 Rolls brushes 　　 30 　

21 Wire nail 　 100mm 7 Kg 　

22 Plate holder 3T 　 1 　

23 U-ring Medium 20mm 2 　

24 Shovel 　　 10 　

25 Large shovel 　　 6 　

26 Trowel 　　 6 　

27 Plumb 　 5-6kg 1 　

28 Plumb 　 0.5kg 4 　

29 Aluminium alloy 　 1.5mX0.08m 4 　

30 Level bar 　　 1 with magnet31 Board foot 　 1m 1 　

32 Esquadro 　 1m 1 　

33 Hammer 　　 20 　

34 Sledge hammer 　　 1 　

35 Horizontal pipe 　　 20meters 　

36 Tie wire hook 　　 10 　

37 Hydraulic tong 　　 1set electrician38 Clippers 　　 1 cutting rebar39 Flexible head 　　 2 　

40 Pliers 　　 2 　

41 Screwdriver 　　 2 　

42 Pipe frame 　 6m 100 　

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45 Cross fastener 　　 400 　

46 Adapter 　　 20 　

47 Swivel-clamp 　　 50 　

48 Safety net 　　 160 m2 　

49 Safety belt 　　 2 　

50 Safety cap 　　 20 　

51 Gloves 　　 100 pairs labor protection52 Welding glasses 　　 15 　

53 Welding gloves 　　 20 　

54 160 crane cost 　　　 hoisting cost55 50forklift 　　　　

56 Square timber 　 60mmX60mm 100 meters 　

57 Composite board 　 2400X1200X10 30 　

58 Iron wire 　　 10 Kg 　

59 Right switch 　　 2 　

60 Insulating tape 　　 20 　

61 Twist ties 　　 7 　

62 Slate pencil 　　 5boxes 　

63 Oxygen gas 　　 as required 　

64 Acetylene 　　 as required 　

65 Welding rod 　　 1T 　

66 Oil paint 　　 30 barrels 　

67 Rubber hammer 　　 10 　

68 Staff quarter 　　 20sets 　

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