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Km<IrGdækfaPasasIhL£ EdlRB¼BuT§eXas£ánERbmkCaGdæ- kfaRB¼éRtbidkCaPasamKF£ maneRcInCagBak´kNþalénKm<IrGdækfa TaMgGs´ manraynamRB¼Km<IrdUecñ¼ ½

-15-

1 smnþb,asaTika GdækfaRB¼vin&ybidk 2 kgçavitrNI ¦matikdækfa GdækfaRB¼átiemakç 3 sumg:lvilasnI GdækfaTIXnikay 4 bbBa©sUTnI GdækfamCÄimnikay 5 sartSb,kasinI GdækfasMyutþnikay 6 menarfbUrNI GdækfaGg:útþrnikay 7 brmtSeCatika GdækfaxuTÞkáz£ nigsutþniát 8 FmµbTdækfa GdækfaFmµbT 9 Catkdækfa GdækfaCatk 10 GdæsalinI GdækfaFmµsg:NIbkrN_ 11 semµahvienaTnI GdækfaviPg:bkrN_ 12 bBa©krNdækfa eQµa¼brmtSTIbnI CaRB¼GdækfaRB¼GPiFmµTaMg RáMKm<Ir KW Fatukfa kfavtSú buK:lb,BaØtþi ymk nigbdæan . 13 visuT§imK: bkrN_viesseBaleday sIl smaFi bBaØa . 14 jaeNaT&y EtgmunkalenA}NÐa c,ab´edImGnþrFanehIy . 15 britþdækfa GdækfaRB¼éRtbidkc,ab´segçb c,ab´edImGnþþrFan ehIy .

RB¼Km<IrTaMgen¼ ánCaRbeyaCn_d¾éRkElg cMeBa¼mnusßkñúgRbeTs epßg@ elakeBalTukfa Km<IrTaMgGseRbIeBlevlaRtwmEt 1 qñaM k¾án

-16-

seRmc ánekItesckþIGs©arü sUm,IEpndIk¾keRmIkjabj&r . lT§plkargar vNÑkmµrbs´RB¼BuT§eXas£ GñksikßaPasaálI

TUeTAánsresIr nigrabGanelakfa CaburaNacarüd¾sMxan´éRkElgrbs´ elakeyIgen¼ .

3

-17-

raynamelakGñkman]bkar³ 3

elakRKÚGKÁbNÐitFmµacarü b‘ut savgS elakRKÚFmµbNÐit rs; supat

elakRKÚviniyacarü KaM GuIv ])sk k¥at h‘n ])sk nak; em:A

])sk TMu TYn ])sk huk swghYt ])sk Cwm CMnit ])sk ekIt Titü ])sk sn m:arDI ])sk hay cMerIn ])sk Gwum ér:y:a ])sk suRk h‘t ])sk esam rtn³ ])sk sM qay ])sk em:A pun ])sk Ca suI)n ])sika fab; elOm ])sika hay sar:at; ])sika b‘ut sum:alI ])sika ys sm,tþi ])sika BU h‘ag ])sika b‘ut esdadYg ])sika Eb:n rmNI

RBmTaMgBuT§bris½Tkñúg nigeRkARbeTs

3

-18-

raynamGñkERbsRmÜl

3

RBHsgÇGaRsmRBHKn§kudi RBHPikçúGKÁTienña nUv bUr:a RbFanGaRsm RBHPikçúcitþrkçieta sM sm,tþi Fmµacarü RBHPikçúFmµb,eBaØa qMu saevOn Fmµacarü RBHPikçúvrFemµa put etA Fmµacarü RBHPikçúetCFera qav qan Fmµacarü Epñk])sk

])sk hay cMerIn ])sk Cwm CMnit

3

-19-

btþiTankfa 3

kareroberog ERbsRmÜlGdækfaRBHéRtbidkCaexmrPasa edIm,I bUCacMeBaHRBHrtnéRt mü:ageTotedIm,Itmál;TukCasm,tþivb,Fm’Cati nigCacMENkcUlrYmkñúgkartaMgenAénRBHsT§mµKRmb; 5>000 RBHvsSa .

eyIgCaRkúmERbsRmÜlGdækfa sUmelIknUvbuNükuslEdlekIt eLIgGMBIkargarenH H-

]TÞisfVay nigeKarBCUn ³ -RBHmhavrkSRtiy_ nigmhavrkSRtiyanI -RBHmhakSRtiy_énRBHraCaNacRkkm<úCa -semþcRBHsgÇraCTaMgBIrKN³ -matabitaéneyIgxJúMTaMgGs;Kña -elakRKÚGKÁbNÐitFmµcarü b‘ut savgS -elakRKÚFmµbNÐit rs; supat -sBVmuxm®nþIraCkar nigRbCanura®sþénkm<úCrdæ -sBVstVTaMgGs;kñúgRt½yPB sUmelakeRtkGr GnuemaTnanUvcMENkbuNüenH

sUmGnuemaTna ¡>>>>> Rkúmeroberog nigERbsRmÜl

-20-

matikaZm( eQµaHZm( TMB&r

vimanvtæú

KnßarmÖkfa 1 bIzvKÁTI 1 Gdækfa bzmbIzviman TI 1 10 Gdækfa TutiybIzviman TI 2 57 Gdækfa ttiybIzviman TI 3 61 Gdækfa ctutßbIzviman TI 4 69 Gdækfa kuBa¢rviman TI 5 72 Gdækfa bzmnavaviman TI 6 90 Gdækfa Tutiynavaviman TI 7 99 Gdækfa ttiynavaviman TI 8 104 Gdækfa bTIbviman TI 9 115 Gdækfa tilTkçiNviman TI 10 122 Gdækfa bzmbtiBVtaviman TI 11 127 Gdækfa TutiybtiBVtaviman TI 12 134 Gdækfa bzmsuNisaviman TI 13 138 Gdækfa TutiysuNisaviman TI 14 142 Gdækfa ]tþraviman TI 15 145 Gdækfa sirimaviman TI 16 174 Gdækfa ebskariyviman TI 17 204

citþltavKÁTI 2 Gdækfa TasIviman TI 1 214

-21-

Gdækfa lxumaviman TI 2 228 Gdækfa GacamTayikaviman TI 3 233 Gdækfa cNÐaliviman TI 4 244 Gdækfa PTÞitßikaviman TI 5 254 Gdækfa esaNTinñaviman TI 6 269 Gdækfa ]e)sfaviman TI 7 273 Gdækfa suniTÞaviman TI 8 281 Gdækfa suTinñaviman TI 9 284 Gdækfa bzmPikçaTayikaviman TI 10 287 Gdækfa TutiyPikçaTayikavimanTI 11 291

)ricätþkvKÁTI 3 Gdækfa ]Larviman TI 1 294 Gdækfa ]cäúviman TI 2 304 Gdækfa bl½gáviman TI 3 313 Gdækfa ltaviman TI 4 321 Gdækfa Kutþilviman TI 5 337 Gdækfa TTÞløviman TI 6 367 Gdækfa essvtIviman TI 7 385 Gdækfa mløikaviman TI 8 404 Gdækfa visalkçiviman TI 9 416 Gdækfa )ricätþkviman TI 10 424

rts

-1- KnßarmÖkfa

brmtæTIbnI

GdðkzaxuTÞknikay vimanvtæú

sUmnmsáarcMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaKCaGrhnþsmµasm<úT§RBHGgÁenaH

KnæarmÖkza

´sUmnmsáarRBHBuT§ RTg;manRBHmhakruNa

Canaf³ RTg;qøgsgSarsaKredayejyüFm’ RTg;sMEdg

Fm’d¾l¥itRCaleRCA mann½yd¾viciRt .

´sUmnmsáarRBHFm’d¾]tþm EdlRBHsmµasm<úT§

RTg;bUCaehIy EdlCaeRKÓgnaMGñkbribUN’edayviC¢a

nigcrN³ecjeTAcakGMBIelak .

´sUmnmsáarRBHGriysgÇ EdlbribUN’eday

KuN mansIlCaedIm taMgenAkñúgmKÁpl CabuBaØextþ

d¾]tþm .

buNüekItGMBIkarnmsáarRBHrtnéRt dUceBal

mkenH edayGMNacénbuNüenaH sUm[km©at;Gnþ-

raykñúgTITaMgBYg .

-2- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuT Þknikay vimanvtßú

buNüNa² EdleTvtaTaMgLayeFVITukkñúgCati

mun² eTsnaNaEdleFVIplénkmµ[RbckS dMeNIr

eTAedaykarsYr nigkareqøIyrbs;eTvtaTaMgenaH eday

Ecksm,tþi KW pl manvimanCaedImrbs;buNüenaH²

RBHGrhnþTaMgLayGñkCMnajGMBImun sgÁaynaerOg

NaTukkñúgKm<IrxuTÞnikay edayeQµaHfa vimanvtß ú

eRBaHdUecñaH ´nwgkan;ykn½y EdlmkkñúgGdækfa

CMnan;cas; ehIyEtgkfaBN’naGtßd¾l¥s¥at Edl

brisuT§l¥ minRcbUkRcbl; mankarvinicä½yGtßd¾y:ag

l¥it minxuslT§ism½yrbs;RBHefr³TaMgLayGñkenA

kñ úgmhavihar tamkmøa Mg [niTanTaMgLaykñúgerOg

enaH kñúgsasnaenaHCak;c,as;edayBiess sUm

saFuCnTaMgLay cUrtaMgcitþsþab;v imanvtßúenaHrbs;

´EdlkMBugeBal edayeKarBcuH . GFib,ayBaküfa vimanvtßú

kñúgvimanvtßúenaH sßanTIelg nigenAGaRs½yrbs;eTvtaTaMgLay

mancMnYnrab;d¾RbesIr eQµaHfa viman . BitehIy vimanTaMgenaH

ekItedayGanuPaBrbs;kmµxagsucritrbs;eTvtaTaMgenaH rugerOgeday

-3- KnßarmÖkfa

rtn³epSg² manBN’ nigRTg;RTayd¾viciRt eRBaHRbkbedayxñat

Biess man 1 eyaCn_ nig 2 eyaCn_CaedIm EdleKehAfa

viman eRBaHRBmeRBógeTAedayPaBs¥at nigeRBaHRtÚvrab;edayvIFI

Biess . vtß úTItaMgénvimanTaMgLay CaehtuéneTsnaenaH ehtu

enaH eTsnaenaHeTIb eQµaHfa vimanvtß ú )andl; eTsnaEdl

RbRBwtþeTAedayn½yCaedImfa bIzenþ esavNÑmyM ¬vimanmasrbs;

Gñk¦ CaedIm . k¾BaküenHRtwmEtCa]bma eRBaHeTsnaenHdMeNIr

eTAGaRs½ysm,tþienaH rbs;eTvtaTaMgenaH . n½ymü:ageTot eBal

edaymux KW vi)ak Kb,IRCabfa eQµaHfa vimanvtß ú eRBaHCavtßúén

karrab;kñ úgrvag ¬Epñk¦ kmµ .

sYrfa vimanvtßúenH nrNaeBal? eBalkñúgTINa? eBalkñúg

kalNa? nigeBaleRBaHehtuGV I? eqøIyfa vimanvtß úenH dMeNIreTA

edaykic© 2 y:ag KW karsYr nigkareqø Iy . kñúgkic© 2 y:agenaH

KafaCaBaküeqøIy eTvtaTaMgenaH² eBal . cMENkBaküsYr Kafa

xøH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas; / KafaxøH esþcská³CaGñkRtas; / KafaxøH

-4- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuTÞknikay v imanvtßú

RBHsavkCaefr³TaMgLayeBal . sUm,IkñúgKafaCaBaküsYrenaH Kafa

cMENkeRcIn RBHmhaemaKÁløanEdlelaksagsmÖar KW buNü nig

jaN edIm,ICaRBHGKÁsavkrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK bMeBjsavk)armI

mkedaylMdab; Gs; 1 Gsegçyü kMér 100>000 kb, dl;TI

bMputénsavk)armIjaN CaGñkRbkbedayKuNviess manGPiBaØa

6 nigbdismÖiTa 4 CaedImCabrivar taMgenAkñúgtMENgGKÁsavkGgÁ

TI 2 EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sßabnaTukkñúgtMENgÉtTKÁ³ kñúgBYkPikçú

CasavkGñkmanbJT§ × eBalTukehIy .

CadMbUg RBHefr³kalnwgeBal k¾)ancarikeTAkan;eTvelakedIm,I

esckþIceRmIndl;elak saksYreTvtaTaMgLaykñúgeTvelak RtLb;

mkmnusSelakvij eFV IBaküsYr nigBaküeqø IyTukrYmKña edIm,IeFVI

plbuNü[RbckSdl;mnusSTaMgLay RkabTUlerOgfVayRBHman-

RBHPaKehIy eTIbeBaldl;PikçúTaMgLay . esþcská³Rtas; k¾

eRBaHsYrbBaða eTvtaTaMgLayeqøIycMeBaHesþcská³enaHkþ I eqø Iy

cMeBaHRBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrkþI k¾eRBaHeqøIybBaðaenaHÉg . edayn½y

-5- KnßarmÖkfa

dUceBalmkenH Kafavimanvtß ú RBHmanRBHPaK RBHefr³TaMgLay

nigeTvtaTaMgLayeBalfa k¾eRBaHsYrbBaða nigeTvtaTaMgLayeBal

TukkñúgTIenaH² k¾eRBaHeqø IybBaðaenaH . cMENkCaxageRkay RBH

FmµsgÁahkacarüTaMgLayGñksgÁaynaFmµvin½y rYbrYmelIkeLIgkan;

sgÁItifa {vimanvtß ú} Etmü:ag . k¾kareqø IyBaküfa nrNaeBal?

CaedIm edaysegçb ¬nig¦ edayTUeTAkñúgvimanvtßúenH manRtwmEtbu:eNÑH

mun .

cMENkBaküfa nrNaeBal dUecñH kaleBaledayBisþar

k¾Kb,IeBalGaKmnIyb,dibTa ¬vtþbdibtþiEdlKb,IdMeNIrmk¦ rbs;RBH

efr³taMgGMBIeFV IbNiFan ¬esckþIR)afña¦ TukeTob)aTmUlrbs;RBH-

manRBHPaKRBHnamfa GenamTsSI . k¾bdibTaenaH elakeBal

BisþarehIykñúgTIenaH² kñúgGdækfaTaMgLayEdlCaTImk eRBaHdUecñaH

Kb,IRCabtamn½yEdleBalmkehIykñúgTIenaHcuH . kaleBaleday

minTUeTA ¬edaycMeBaH¦ kareqø IyBaküfa eBalkñúgTINa? dUecñH

k¾nwgmkdl;EpñkBN’naesckþIénvimanenaH² .

-6- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuTÞknikay vimanvtßú

cMENkGacarüBYkdéT² eBalfa {kñúgéf¶mYy RBHmhaemaKÁ-

løaneTAkñ úgTIs¶at; ekItbrivitká³y:agenHfa {bc©úb,nñenH mnusS

TaMgLay kalesckþIdl;RBménvtßú ¬eTyüFm’¦ esckþIdl;RBm

énextþ ¬Tkç ieNyübuKÁl¦ nigesckþIdl;RBméncitþRCHføarbs;xø Ün

¬ectna¦ sUm,Iminman k¾enAEtnaMKñaeFV IbuNüenaH eTAekItkñúgeTv-

elak esaysm,tþid¾»Lar eyIgnwgcarikeTAkñúgeTvelak eFVIeTvta

TaMgenaH[CasakSI[eBalbuNütamEdlBYkeKsnSMTuk nigplbuNü

tamEdl)anRbsBVehIy RkabTUlesckþIenaHcMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK

kalebIdUecñaH RBHsasþarbs;eyIg kalRTg;sMEdgplkmµ[R)akd

dl;mnusSTaMgLay k¾dUcRTg;eFV IRBHcnÞeBjvg;[rHeLIgenAkñ úgépÞ

Gakas RTg;cg¥úlbgðajdl;buNüTaMgLaysUm,ImanRbmaNtictYc

k¾Kg;manpld¾»LaredaysT§aEdlCaehtu)an RTg;eFVIvimanvtßúenaH²

[CaGtßúb,tþiehtu ¬ehtuekIteLIg¦ nwgRTg;RbkasRBHFmµeTsna)an

y:agéRkElg RBHFmµeTsnaenaH k¾nwgCaRbeyaCn_ esckþIceRmIn

nigesckþIsuxdl;Cnd¾eRcIndl;eTvta nigmnusSTaMgLay} dUecñHehIy

-7- KnßarmÖkfa

elakeTIbeRkakcakGasn³ dNþb;sMBt; 2 Can;EdlRClk;l¥ehIy

mYypÞaMg mYypÞaMgeToteFV Ieqogsµamçag eRbóbdUcepøkbenÞamanBN’

RsedoghigÁútamFmµCati ¬dMNk;TwkmhahigÁú¦ nigeRbóbdUcPñMGBa¢nKirI

keRmIk)an EdlP¢ab;edayBnøWsn§iya cUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK

fVaybgÁMehIy GgÁúykñúgTId¾smKYrmYykEnøg RkabTUlbMNgrbs;

xøÜn RtÚv)anRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;GnuBaØatehIy k¾eRkakcakGasn³

fVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaKeFVIRbTkSiN ¬eTAxagsþaM¦ cUlctutßCÄanEdl

Ca)aTénGPiBaØa ecjcakctutßCÄanenaHehIy k¾eTAkan;PBtavtwgS

kñúgmYyrMeBcedaykmøaMgbJT× § saksYrdl;buBaØkmµtamEdleTvtaTaMg

enaH² snSMTuk . eTvtaTaMgenaHk¾R)ab;dl;elak . elakRtLb;

GMBItavtwgSBiPBenaHmkkan;mnusSelakehIy RkabTUlerOgTaMgGs;

enaH fVayRBHmanRBHPaK edayTMngEdl)anRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgtavtwgS

enaH RBHsasþak¾RTg;TTYlRCaberOgenaHehIy RTg;eFV Iv imanvtß úenaH

[CaGtßúb,tþi ¬ehtuekIténerOg¦ ehIyRTg;sMEdgFm’edayBisþar

eR)asbris½TEdlRbCuMKñaehIycMeBaHmux} .

-8- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuT Þknikay vimanvtßú

k¾vimanvtß úenaH kñ úgbidkTaMg 3 KW vin½ybidk sutþnþbidk

GPiFmµbidk rab;cUlkñúgsutþnþbidk / kñúgnikayTaMg 5 KW TIXni-

kay mCÄimnikay sMyutþnikay GgÁútþrnikay xuTÞknikay k¾rab;

cUlkñúgxuTÞknikay . kñúgstßúsasn_manGgÁ 9 KW sutþ³ eKyü³

evyüakrN³ Kafa ]Tan \tivutþk³ Catk GBÖ ÚtFmµ³ evTlø³

se®gÁaHcUlkñúgKafa . kñúgRBHFmµkçn§ 84>000 EdlRBHGannÞCa

XøaMgRBHFm’)anebþCJaTukdUecñHfa

Fm’BYkNaEdl´[RbRBwtþeTA ´eronFm’TaMgenaH GMBI

RBHBuT§GgÁ 82>000 Fmµkçn § GMBIPikç ú 2>000 Fmµkçn§

rYmCa 84>000 Fmµkçn§ .

se®gÁaHcUlkñúgFmµkçn§tictYc / eBaledayvKÁ man 7 vKÁ

KW bIzvKÁ citþltavKÁ )aricätþkvKÁ mBai ¢dækvKÁ mharfvKÁ )aya-

sikvKÁ sunikç itþvKÁ . eBaledayerOg vKÁTI 1 man 17 erOg /

vKÁTI 2 man 11 erOg / vKÁTI 3 man 10 erOg / vKÁTI 4 man

12 erOg / vKÁTI 5 man 14 erOg / vKÁTI 6 man 10 erOg / vKÁ

-9- KnßarmÖkfa

TI 7 man 11 erOg / rYm 85 erOg minrab;Gnþrviman . ebIrab;

cUlpg k¾man 123 erOg . eBaledayKafa man 1>500 Kafa .

bNþavKÁrbs;vimanvtß úenaH bIzvKÁ CavKÁxagedIm . bNþaerOg

erOgvimantaMgmas CaerOgxagedIm . sUm,Ivimanvtß úenaHmanKafa

fa bIzenþ esavNÑmyM ¬vimantaMgmasrbs;Gñk¦ CaKafaedIm .

cb;BaküR)rB§ 3

bbIIffvvKK<<TTII 11 s t r


bIfvK< TI 1

«tæIvimanvtæú

Gdðkza bfmbIfvimanTI 1

{taMgvimanTI 1}

[1] sUm,IbIzvimanerOgTI 1 kñúgbIzvKÁTI 1 enaH manGtßúb,tþi

¬ehtuekIténerOg¦ dUcteTAenH .

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgvtþeCtBn Garamrbs;Gna-

fbiNÐik³ Rkúgsavtß I RBH)aTbesnTiekaslRTg;fVayGsTisTan

7 éf¶ dl;RBHPikç úsgÇmanRBHBuT§CaRbFan GnafbiNÐikmhaesdæI

k¾fVay 3 éf¶ esµInwgGsTisTanenaH . nagvisaxamha])asika

k¾fVaymhaTandUcKñaenaH karRbRBwtþeTAénGsTisTan )anR)akdTUeTA

kñúgCm<ÚTI Vb . RKaenaH mhaCnelIkerOgeLIgniyayKñakñúgTIenaH² fa

{TannwgmanpleRcInedaykarbric©aKsm,tþid¾»Lary:agenHb¤ b¤nwg

manplsUm,Iedaykarbric©aKlµmsmKYrdl;RTBüsm,tþirbs;xø Ün} .

-11- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ bzmbIzvimansURtTI 1

Pikç úTaMgLaysþab;BaküTaMgenaHehIy eTIbRkabTUlcMeBaHRBHman-

RBHPaK . RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;fa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay TanminEmn

nwgmanpleRcInedaykardl;RBméneTyüFm’Etmü:ageT EdlBit Tan

nwgmanpleRcInedaykardl;RBméncitþEdlRCHføa nigkardl;énextþ

¬Tkç ieNyübuKÁl¦ eRBaHdUecñaH Tanvtß úRtwmEt)ay 1 EvkkþI Rtwm

EtsMBt;cas; 1 pÞaMgkþ I RtwmEteRKÓgRkaleFVIedayesµAkþ I RtwmEt

eRKÓgRkaleFVIedaysøwkeQIkþI RtwmEtsm:RtaMTwkmURts¥úykþI buKÁl

mancitþRCHføaehIy taMgTukkñ úgTkçieNyübuKÁl TansUm,IenaHk¾nwg

manpleRcIn rugerOgeRcIn pSayeTATUlMTUlay} .

Bity:agenaH esþcská³cmeTB k¾Rtas;BaküCaKafaenHfa

kalcitþRCHføakñ úgRBHtfaKtsmµasm<úT § b¤

RBHsavkrbs;RBHsmµasm<úT§enaH TkçiNamin

eQµaHfa ticeLIy .

BaküenaH)anpSaBVpSayTUTaMgCm<ÚTV Ib . mnusSTaMgLaynaMKña

[TantamsmKYrdl;RTBüsm,tþi dl;smNRBahµN_ mnusSRkIRk


GñkedIrpø Úvq¶ay GñksUmTan nigyackTaMgLay taMgTwkpwkTukRtg;

TIpÞH RkalGasn³TukRtg;exøagTVar . sm½yenaH RBHefr³Gñkkan;

ykbiNÐ)atikFutgÁCavtþmYyrUb manGakb,kiriyaQaneTAmux fy

RtLb; RkeLkemIleqVg RkeLkemIlsþa M latéd KYrRCHføa dak;

EPñkcuH dl;RBmeday\riyabf Rtac;biNÐ)at k¾mkdl;pÞHmYyxñg

kñúgevlaenaH . kñúgpÞHxñgenaH kulFItamñak;mansT§absaT³ eXIj

RBHefr³ k¾ekItesckþIeKarBesckþIrab;GaneRcIn ekItbItiesamnsS

y:ag»Lar eTIbnimnþ[elakcUleTAkan;pÞH fVayedaybBa©gÁRbti-

sßan cat;EcgtaMgrbs;xøÜn RkalsMBt;sac;relagBN’elOgelI

taMgenaHfVay . kalRBHefr³GgÁúyelItaMgenaHehIy nagKitfa

{buBaØextþx<g;x<s;enHR)akddl;eyIgehIy} dUecñHehIy mancitþRCHføa

GegáósedayGahartamsmKYrdl;RTBüsm,tþi . TaMgnagk¾kan;pøit

bk;fVay . RBHefr³qan;eRscehIy eBalFmµIkfaRbkbedayTan

manfVayGasn³ nigfVayGaharCaedImehIy k¾ecosecjeTA . nag

BicarNadl;Tanrbs;xø Ün nigFmµkfaenaH EdlbItiBal;RtÚv pSay


RCÜtRCabTUTaMgsBaV’gÁkay eTIb)anfVaytaMgenaHdl;RBHefr³pg .

sm½ytGMBIenaHmk nagekIteraKmü:ag søab;ehIyeTAekItkñúg

vimanmasTMhM 12 eyaCn_ enAkñúgzantavtwgS . nagmanRsIGbSr

1>000 nak;Cabrivar . k¾edayGMNacEdlnag)anfVaytaMgCaTan

eTIbekItblø½gá ¬ERK/ taMg/ TIedk¦ mas GENþteTAkñ úgGakas

sÞúHeTA)anrh½s Can;xagelImansNæandUcpÞHkMBUl . eRBaHehtu

enaH vimanenHeTIbehAfa bIzviman . BitehIy vimantaMgenaH Ca

mas bBa¢ak;[eXIjdl;PaBsmKYrnwgkmµ eRBaHnagRkalsMBt;BN’

masfVay . eQµaHfa sÞúHeTA)anrh½s eRBaHkmøaMgbItid¾xøa Mg .

eQµaHfa eTA)antameBjcitþ eRBaHnagfVaydl;Tkç ieNyübuKÁl

edaykareBjcitþ )aneQµaHfa RbkbedayesckþIs¥atéRkElg KYr

RCHføaéRkElg eRBaHsm,tþi KW esckþIRCHføay:ag»Lar .

tmk kñúgéf¶mehaRsBmYy kaleTvtaTaMgLaynaMKñaeTAnnÞv½n

edIm,Ielgkñúg]TüanedayGanuPaBCaTiBVerog² xøÜn . eTvtaGgÁenaH

esøókdNþb;sMBt;TiBV Rbdab;edayTiBüaPrN³ maneTBGbSr 1>000


nak;Cabrivar ecjcakvimanrbs;xø Ün eLIgkan;taMgvimanenaH man

BnøWPø WsVagedayCMuvijdUcRBHc®nÞ RBHGaTitü edayeTvbJT× §FM eday

sirIesaPaKü RtcHRtcg; eTAkan;]Tüan . k¾sm½yenaH RBHmha

emaKÁløanRtac;carikeTAkñ úgeTvelak edayn½yEdleBalmkehIy

kñúgxagedIm cUleTAkan;PBtavtwgS sMEdgxøÜnminq¶ayGMBIeTvtaGgÁ

enaH . eTvtaGgÁenaHeXIjelak k¾ekItesckþIRCHføa nigesckþI

eKarBy:agéRkElg eTIbRbjab;cuHcakblø½gácUleTArkRBHefr³ Rkab

edaybBa©gÁRbtisßan ehIyQrnmsáar pÁgGBa¢lId¾rugerOgeday

TsnxsemaFan ¬RbCuMRmaméd 10¦ . RBHefr³eXIjRbckSdl;

kusl nigGkusltamEdleTvtaGgÁenaH nigstVBYkdéTsnSMTuk

edaykarEbkFøayénkmøaMgbBaØa edayGnuPaBényfakmµÚbKBaØaN

¬jaNEdldwgdl;stVTaMgLaycUldl;PBenaH² tamkmµ¦ rbs;

elak dUceXIjEpøknþÚtéRBEdldak;elI)atéd k¾Bit sUm,Iy:agenaH

eRBaHehtuénkarrMlwkEdlTak;TgnwgPBkñúgGtIt nigkmµtamEdlsnSM

Tukfa {eyIgcutiGMBITINahñ+ eTIb]b,tþikñ úgPBenH eyIgeFVIkuslkmµ


GVIhñ+ eTIb)ansm,tþienH} dUecñH cMENkeRcInk¾seRmcdl;eTvtaTaMg

LayCaFmµtabnÞab;GMBI]b,tþienaHÉg¬1¦ nigjaNrEmgekItdl;eTvta

enaHedayBit . eRBaHdUecñaH RBHefr³R)afñanwg[eTvtaGgÁenaHeBal

kmµEdleFVITukehIy eFV Iplkmµ[RbckSdl;elakRBmTaMgeTvelak

eTIbsYrfa ?

EneTvFIta GñkmankayRbdab;ehIy RTRTg; mal½y RTRTg;P½®sþaPrN_d¾l¥s¥at taMgvimanmas

rbs;nag »Lar rh½sdUccitþ eTA)antamR)afña nag manBnøWpSayecjGMBIkaydUcepøkbenÞar júaMgTIbMput

énBBk[PøWc,as; .

eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmanvNÑ³dUecñH eRBaH

buNüGVI plenHeTIbseRmcdl;nag mü:ageTot ePaK³

RKb;y:agEdlKYrRsLaj; eTIbekItdl;nag?

1¦ Rtg;enHERbEbbrkSaevaharedIm esckþIk¾KW eBlekIteTvtaedayeRcInk¾dwgehIy fa mkGMBIT INa eFV IbuNüGV I nigkardwg ¬jaN¦ RbePTenaH CajaNFmµta² min RtÚvkarhV wkhat;eT CasBa¢atBa ØaN .


EneTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn GatµasUmsYrnag

kalekItCamnusS nageFVIbuNüGVIT uk eRBaHbuNüGVI

nageTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nigvNÑ³rbs;

nagk¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

eTvtaenaHRtÚvRBHemaKÁløansYrehIy mancitþ

eRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYry:agenH

fa ?

kalekItCamnusSkñúgBYkmnusS ´)anfVay

Gasn³dl;Pikç úEdlmkdl;pÞH )anGPivaT )aneFV I

GBa¢lI nig)anfVayTantamGanuPaB .

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanvNÑ³dUecñH eRBaH

buNüenaH plenHeTIbseRmcdl;´ mü:ageTot ePaK³

RKb;y:agEdlCaTIeBjcitþ eTIbekItdl;´ .

bBiRtPikçúGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn ´sUmR)ab;dl;

elak kalekItCamnusS ´)aneFVIbuNüNaTuk eRBaH


buNüenaH ´eTIbmanGnuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nigvNÑ³

rbs;´eTIbPø WsVageTAsBVTis .

GFib,ayBaküfa bIz³

kMNat;eQIkþI Gasn³kþI taMgEdleFVIedayvlø×kþI Gasn³Edl

eFVIedayepþAkþI Gasn³EdleFVIedayeQICaedImkþI EdlmaneQµaHepSg²

manmsark³ ¬ERKEdlmanems‘kbBa© ÚlCamYyeCIg¦ CaedImkþI vtßú

RKb;y:agenaH eQµaHfa bIzM ¬taMg¦ kñúgKafaenaH . Bity:agenaH

kMNat;edImmanbIz³CaedIm lµmnwgdak;eCIg)an ehAfa bIz³ )ankñúg

)alIenHfa )aTbIzM ¬taMgmaneCIg¦ )aTkzlika ¬ek,ÓgRTnab;eCIg¦ .

kMNat;eQIEdllµmnwgédcab;)an ehAfa bIz³ )ankñ úg)alIenHfa

bIzsb,i ¬mnusSGs;kmøa Mg¦ . cMENkGasn³ edayevaharGñk

CnbTkEnøgxøH ehAfa bIzika . EdlsRmab;eFVIBlIkmµeTvtaTaMg

Lay ehAfa bIz³ )ankñúg)alIenHfa PUtbIzika ¬taMgEsnbIsac¦

eTvkulbIzika ¬taMgbYgsYgeTvta¦ . Gasn³EdleKsageLIgeday

epþA nigvlø×CaedIm ehAfa bIz³ )ankñúg)alIenHfa PTÞbIzM ¬ekAGI¦ .


dUcEdlelakeBalTukfa PTÞbIzM ])aTyi ¬eFVIP®TÞbiz[ekIteLIg¦ .

Gasn³EdleFVIedayeQICaedIm manERKs‘kbBa©ÚlCamYyeCIgCaedIm

ehAfa bIz³ )ankñ úg)alImanCaGaT×fa subBaØtþ M mBa©bIzM ¬ERK

taMgEdleKcat;EcgTukl¥ehIy¦ nigfa mBa© M va bIzM va kary-

maenn ¬eRbI[eKeFV IERK b¤taMg¦ . cMENkkñúgTIenH Kb,IRCabfa

vimanmasTMhM 1 eyaCn_ ekIteLIgedaybuBaØanuPaBrbs;eTvtataMg

enAedayGakarRsedogblø½gá ¬ERK/ taMg/ TIedk¦ .

kñúgBaküfa et ¬rbs;Gñk¦ et sBÞ mkkñúgGtßbzmaviPtþ i-

Bhuvcn³ edayCa t sBÞ)an kñúg)alICaedImfa n et suxM

bCannþ i ey n bsSnþi nnÞnM ¬CnBYkNamineXIjsYnnnÞv ½n Cn

BYkenaHeQµaHfa minsÁal;sux¦ . mkkñúgGtßctutßIviPtþ i edayCa

tumð sBÞ mann½yfa cMeBaHelak )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa

elakCabursGaCaenyü sUmesckþIeKarBcUrcMeBaH

RBHGgÁ elakCabursx<g;x<s; sUmesckþIeKarBcUrman

cMeBaHRBHGgÁ elakCaBuT §³Gñkekøóvkøa sUmesckþI


eKarBcUrmancMeBaHRBHGgÁ .

mkkñúgGtßttiyaviPtþ i )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa kien þ Tidæ M kin þ i

et sutM ¬elakeXIjGVI elaksþab;mkfaGVI¦ nigfa ]bFI et sm-

tikánþa Gasva et bTalita ¬]bFikielsTaMgLay elakk¾Qan

knøgehIy Gasv³TaMgLayelakk¾Tmøay)anehIy¦ . mkkñúgGtß

qdæ IviPtþ i )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa kienþ vtþ M kw bn RBhµcriyM ¬GVICa

vtþrbs;elak k¾GVICaRBhµcriy³¦ . cMENkkñúgTIenH et sBÞ Kb,I

eXIjfa eRbIkñ úgGtßqdæ Iv iPtþi mann½yfa rbs;elak .

kñúgBaküfa esavNÑmyM ¬mas¦ enH suvNÑ sBÞ mkkñúg

Gtßfa kardl;RBménBN’sm,úr )ankñúg)alICaedImy:agenHfa su-

veNÑ TuBVeNÑ suKet TuKÁet ¬sm,úrs¥at sm,úrGaRkk; Gñkman

GñkRk¦ nigfa suvNÑta susrta ¬manBN’sm,úrs¥at mansMeLg

BIeraH¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa RKúD )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa kakM suvNÑa

brivarynþi ¬RKúDTaMgLayEhhmEk¥k¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa mas )an

kñúg)alICaedImfa suvNÑveNÑa kaBa©nsnñiPteca ¬mansm,úrdUcmas


manEs,kRss;føadUcmas¦ . sUm,IkñúgTIenH suvNÑ sBÞ Kb,IeXIj

fa eRbIkñúgGtßfa masEtmü:ag . BitehIy taMgvimasenaHelak

ehAfa mas eRBaHmanBN’s¥at ehtuEdlmanBN’esµ InwgRBHBuT§

TaMgLay masenaHÉgeQµaHfa esavNÑ³ dUcBaküfa viktsS

Paeva evktM vismsS Paeva evsmM ¬evkt³ nig evlm³¦ .

cMENk my sBÞ mkkñúgGtßfa man Ca )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa

GnuBaØatbdiBaØata etviC¢a mymsµúePa ¬eyIgTaMg 2 manviC¢a 3

CaGñkebþCJatamEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Fana¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa bBaØtþi

¬TTYldwgKña¦ )ankñúg)alIenHfa myM nisSay ehmay CatmeNÐa

TrI suPa ¬ekItjkPñMRss;l¥dUcCamas Rss;s¥at eRBaHGaRs½yfµ¦

mkkñúgGtß begáIt )ankñúg)alIenHfa menamya bItiPkça sym,Pa

¬ekItedaycitþ manbItiCaGahar manrsµIkñ úgxø ÜnÉg¦ . RBhµevor

bc©½yxageRkAecj k¾ekItpø ÚvcitþEtmü:ag eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIb

eBalfa seRmcedaycitþ . mkkñúgGtßfa vikar ¬eFV I[Ebøk¦ )an

kñúg)alICaedImfa ynñÚnahM samM cikçløM mTÞitVa sBVmtþikamyM kudikM


keryüM ¬etIeyIgKb,IkayPk; sagkudi eFVIedaydIsuT§xøÜnÉg¦ . mk

kñúgGtß bTbUrN ¬eFV IbT[eBj¦ )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa TanmyM

sIlmyM ¬seRmcedayTan seRmcedaysIl¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH

my sBÞ k¾Kb,IeXIjfa eRbIkñ úgGtßfa vikar b¤kñ úgGtßfa bT-

bUrN³ . k¾kalNa my sBÞ manesckþIdUecñHfa bIzvimanekIt

eLIgedaymas eQµaHfa esavNÑm½y ¬ekItedaymas¦ kalenaH

k¾Kb,IeXIjfa my sBÞ eRbIkñ úgGtß vikar ¬eFV I[Ebøk eFVIr UbvNÑ³

epSg²¦ edaymas eQµaHfa esavNÑm½y . nigeBalfa {eRbI

kñ úgGtßbegáIt} dUecñHxøH k¾RtÚvdUcKña . k¾kalNamanGtßdUecñHfa

begáItedaymas eQµaHfa esavNÑ³ kalenaH k¾Kb,IeXIjfa ym

sBÞ eRbIkñúgGtßfa eFVIbTeBj dUecñHfa esavNÑm½y esµInwg suvNÑ³

¬mas¦ enaHÉg .

Baküfa »LarM ¬»Lar¦ )andl; RbNItk¾)an RbesIrk¾)an

FMk¾)an . BitehIy »Lar sBÞ mkkñúgGtßfa RbNIt )ankñúg)alI

CaedImfa bueBVnabrM ]LarM viessM GFiKcänþ i ¬rEmgseRmcKuN

-22- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuT Þknikay v imanvtßú

viessd¾RbNItdéTGMBIKuNviessmun¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa RbesIr )an

kñúg)alICaedImfa ]Laray xlu PvM kc©ayena smNeKatmM

bsMsay bsMsti ¬eKfa kc©aynRBahµN_sresIrRBHsmNeKa-

tm edaykarsresIry:agRbesIr¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa FM )ankñ úg)alI

CaedImfa ]LarePaKa ¬ePaK³FM¦ ]Larysa ¬ysFM¦ nigfa ]La-

rikM ¬EdlFM¦ . k¾vimansUm,IenaH eQµaHfa RbNIt eRBaHGtßfa

eFV IkarminEq¥tsRmab;GñkeRbIR)as; edayPav³[eBjcitþ eQµaHfa

RbesIr eRBaHRtÚvsresIredayPav³ eRBaHCavimanEdlKYrRCHføaeday

CuMvijCaedIm eQµaHfaFM eRBaHFMedayTMhM nigeRBaHmantémøeRcIn .

vimand¾»Lar niyayfa »LarBaküEtmYy mann½yTaMg 3 y:ag

dUecñHÉg .

citþ eQµaHfa mena ¬citþ¦ kñ úgBaküfa menaCvM ¬rh½sdUc

citþ¦ enH . sUm,Ifa mena sBÞ CaBaküTUeTAsRmab;citþCakusl

Gkusl nigGBüaRkwtRKb;dYg Etk¾Kb,IRCabeRBaHcitþEdlseRmcmk

GMBIkiriyaRbRBwtþeTAkñúgGarmµN_NamYy eRBaHelakeBalfa mena-


CvM . eRBaHdUecñaH vimanmaseQµaHfa menaCv³ eRBaHrh½sdUc

citþ dUcBaküfa »dæmuexa ¬mat;manbUs¦ GFib,ayfa eTAelOneBk .

BitehIy citþrEmgFøak;eTAkñúgGarmµN_sUm,Iq¶ay)any:agqab;rh½s

eRBaHRbRBwtþeTAelOnrh½s . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIb

Rtas;fa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay tfaKtsmøwgemIlmineXIjnUvvtß údéT

sUm,IEtmYy EdlRbRBwtþeTAelOnrh½sdUccitþenHeLIy} nigfa {citþ

eTA)anq¶ay eTAEtmYydYg} . Baküfa Kcäti ¬eTA¦ )andl; eTA

tampøÚvGakascakvimanEdlCaTIenArbs;eTvtaGgÁenaH Rtg;eTAkan;

]Tüan .

kñúgBaküfa eyn kamM enH kam sBÞ mkkñúgGtßfa GarmµN_

manrUbCaedIm EdlKYreBjcitþ )ankñúg)alICaedImfa kama hi viciRta

mFura menarma vir UbrUebn mefnþ i citþ M ¬BitehIy kamTaMgLay

Rss;s¥at KYrCaTIeRtkGréncitþ rEmgjaMjIcitþedayrUbepSg²¦ .

mkkñúgGtßfa qnÞraK³ )ankñúg)alICaedImfa qenÞa kaema raeKa kaema

¬qnÞ³Cakam raK³Cakam¦ )andl; kielskam . mkkñúgGtßfa elaP³


¬esckþIR)afña¦ RKb;y:ag )ankñúg)alICa edImfa kamu)aTanM ¬])aTan

KW kam¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa KamFm’ ¬Fm’rbs;GñkRsúk¦ )ankñ úg)alI

CaedImfa Gtþkam)aricriyay vNÑM Paesyü ¬sresIrkarbMer Ikam

edIm,IxøÜnÉg¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa hitqnÞ³ ¬esckþIeBjcitþkñúgRbeyaCn_

d¾FM¦ )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa senþtß teya kulbutþa GtþkamrU)a

vihrnþ i ¬mankulbuRt 3 nak; kñ úgTIenaH manesckþIeBjcitþkñúg

RbeyaCn_xø Ün¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa esrIPaB ¬enAedayGMeBIcitþ¦ )an

kñúg)alICaedImfa GtþaFIena GbraFIena PuCiesSa eyn kamM Kema

¬BwgxøÜnÉg)an minRtÚvBwgGñkdéT CaGñkmanesrIPaB eTANa)an

tamesckþIeBjcitþ¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH kam sBÞ Kb,IeXIjfa eRbI

kñ úgGtßfa esrIPaB bu:eNÑaH . eRBaHdUecñaH Baküfa eyn kamM

eTIbERbfa tamR)afña . GFib,ayfa smKYrtamesckþIR)afñarbs;

eTvta .

Baküfa Glgáet ¬GñkmankayRbdab;ehIy¦ )andl; tak;Etg

xøÜnehIy . GFib,ayfa manragkayRbdab;edayGaPrN_TiBV F¶n;


RbmaN 60 reTH EckCaeRKÓgRbdab;édRbdab;eCIgCaedIm rugerOg

edayBnøWrsµIepSg² eRcIny:ag nigrugeracn_edayrtn³eRcInRbePT .

BaküenHCaÉkvcn³ eRbICaBaküeRbIr YmKña ¬sem<aFn³¦ ¬Caviessn³

rbs;Baküfa eTvFIet kñúgKafa¦ . Baküfa malüFer ¬RTRTg;

mal½y¦ )andl; RTRTg;kRmgpáa eRBaHmansk; nigédCaedImtak;

Etgl¥ehIyedaypáaeQITiBV d¾Rss;s¥atCacegáamrIksÁúHsÁay rug-

eracn_edayCuMvij manRtbkpáa nigeksreFVIedaymasbrisuT§l¥ nig

rtn³epSg² ekItmkGMBIEmkrbs;edImkl,RBwkS edIm)ariq½Rt nigedIm

camcurICaedIm . Baküfa suvetß ¬RTRTg;B®sþaPrN_d¾Rss;s¥at¦

)andl; manB®sþaPrN_d¾s¥atedayCasMBt;TiBV maneRKÓgbiT)aMg

KW sMBt;esøók nigsMBt;dNþb;CaedIm manrsµIrbs;GñkmanBnøWd¾

brisuT§l¥ cMruHBN’edayeRKÓgRClk;epSg² ekItmkGMBIEmkrbs;

edImkl,RBwkS . Baküfa »Passi ¬rsµIBnøW¦ )andl; PøWsVag .

Baküfa viC¢úriv ¬dUcepøkbenÞar¦ )andl; RsedogepøkbenÞar . Bakü

fa GBÖkUd M ¬dMuBBk¦ )andl; TIbMputénBBk . k¾BaküenHCaTuti-


yaviPtþ i eRbIkñ úgstþmIviPtþi . n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa rsµIBnø W Ca

BaküR)ab;esckþIfa manehtuEdlmk ¬énBnøW¦ . GFib,ayfa BnøW

Pø WsVag . kñúgEbb ¬krNIeRkay¦ enH Baküfa du MBBk Kb,IeXIj

fa CaTutiyaviPtþ i eRbIkñ úgGtßTutiyaviPtþ idUcedIm ¬KW[ERbfa júaMg

BBk[PøW {GñkERb}¦ .

k¾kñúgRbkarenH manesckþIdUecñHfa TIbMputénBBkRkhm lay

edayBnøWsni§yatamRbRktIk¾PøWsVagehIy épÞemXEdlrugeracn_ehIy

edayCuMvij k¾enAmanBnøWbEnßmeTot y:agNa vimanenHrugerOgeday

rtn³epSg² EdlseRmcmkGMBImasd¾brisuT§l¥ manrsµIpSayecj

edayRbRktI xø ÜnnagRbdab;edayeRKÓgGlgáarRKb;y:ag k¾Pø WsVag

éRkElgeLIg edayrsµIénragkayrbs;nag nigBnøWrsµIénB®sþaPrN_

EdlPøWsVagedayRbkarTaMgBYg k¾dUecñaHdUcKña .

k¾kñúgbzmbIzvimanenH Baküfa bIzM ¬taMg¦ enH CaBaküeBal

dl;vtß úEdlKb,IelIkmkCa]bemyü . Baküfa GBÖkUdM ¬dM uBBk¦

CaBaküeBaldl;]bma . Baküfa et k¾y:agenaH CaBaküeBal


dl;vtßúEdlKb,IelIkmkCa]bma . BitehIy Baküfa et enaH ebI

sMedAdl; ¬sm<½n§cUlKña¦ Baküfa bIzM enH eRbICaqdæIviPtþi ebIsMedA

dl;bT ¬Bakü¦ TaMgenH KW Glgáet malüFer suvetß »Passi

k¾bþÚreTACabzmaviPtþi eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbmann½yesµIKñanwg tVM ¬nag¦ .

Baküfa viC¢ úr iv CaBakü]bma . Baküfa »Passi enH CaBakü

sMEdgdl;karTMnak;TMngKñarbs;bT]bemyü nig]bmasUm,ITaMg 2 .

BitehIy Baküfa »Passi enH sMedAdl;Baküfa tVM elakeBal

TukCamFümburs . RKabMNgdl;Baküfa bIzM k¾pøas;eTACabzm-

burs . cMENk c sBÞ Kb,IRCabfa elaksMEdgTukminRKb; .

Baküfa Kcäti eyn kamM »Passi nig viC¢ úletaPasitM GBÖkUdM

viy enH pøas;CaTutiyaviPtþ itambzmaviPtþ i . Baküfa bIzM enH

k¾y:agenaH CaBaküEdlRtÚvGFib,ay . Baküfa et esavNÑmyM

]LarM CaedIm Caviessn³ ¬Bakübriyay¦ énBaküfa bIzM enaH .

sYrfa k¾elakeBalfa esavNÑmyM ¬mas¦ TukehIy min

KYreBalfa ]LarM ¬»Lar¦ eRBaHmasCarbs;RbesIrbMputehIy eRBaH


Caelah³d¾RbesIr nigeRBaHkñúgTIenHelaksMedAdl;rbs;CaTiBVehIy

minEmnb¤? eqøIyfa minEmn eRBaHvtßúNak¾eday k¾rEmgmanvtßúEdll¥

Cag . dUcCa masmanrs ¬manTwkl¥¦ Carbs;RbesIrbMput bri-

suT§l¥ eRBaHeFV ICarUbmas)aneRcInRbePT EdlmnusSeRbIR)as; .

masekItBITIkMeNIt ¬masBit¦ RbesIrCagenaH . EtmasEdlCa

TiBVRbesIrCagenaH y:agNa k¾masEdlCaTiBVk¾dUecñaH mascamikr

RbesIr . massatukmÖ³RbesIrCagmascamikr masCm<ÚnuTRbesIr

CagmassatukmÖ³ massigÁ IRbesIrCagmasCm<Ún uT . massigÁI

enaHÉgRbesIrCamasRKb;RbePT . edayehtuenaH esþcskácm-

eTBeTIbeBalfa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;rYcputehIy RBmTaMgBYkburaN-

CdilGñkrYcputehIy RTg;r YcputviessehIy Edl

manqvIvNÑdUcmassigÁI esþcyagcUlkan;RkúgraCRKwH

RBmTaMgGñkrYcputviessehIy .

eRBaHdUecñaH RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrsUm,IeBalfa mas k¾enA


EteBalfa »Lar . mü:ageTot Baküfa »Lar enH k¾minEmnelak

eBalsMedAdl;vimanenaHRbesIrbMput nigRbNItb:ueNÑaH EdlBit

enAmanesckþIEdlelakR)ab;Tukfa TaMgFMpg . k¾kñ úgbIzvimanenH

Baküfa taMg CaedIm CaBaküsMEdgdl;pl EdlKb,IeXIjsm

CamYynwgkmµ . mYyeTot RBHefr³sMEdgfa vimanenaH dl;RBm

edayvtßú edayBaküfa mas enH sMEdgfa vimanenaHdl;RBmeday

kareTA edayBaküfa rh½sdUccitþ enH sMEdgfa vimanenaHmantaMg

CaKuNsm,tþikñúgkarsÞúHeTA)anrh½s edayBaküfa eTA)antamesckþI

R)afña enH .

n½ymü:ageTot RBHefr³sMEdgfa vimanenaHRbNIt edayBakü

fa mas enH/ sMEdgfa vimanenHFMedayTMhMBaküfa »Lar enH/

sMEdgfa vimanenaH FMedayGanuPaBedayBaküfa rh½sdUccitþ enH

sMEdgfa CaTIenAsb,ayedayBaküfa eTA)antamesckþIR)afña enH .

n½ymü:ageTot RBHefr³sMEdgfa vimanenaHs¥at nigmanBN’s¥at

edayBaküfa mas enH sMEdgfa vimanenaHKYremIl KYrRCHføa eday


Baküfa »Lar enH sMEdgfa vimanenaHdl;RBmedaysnÞúHelOnrh½s

edayBaküfa rh½sdUccitþ enH sMEdgfa vimanenaH eTA)aneday

minmanGVIraraMgkñ úgTINa² edayBaküfa eTA)antamR)afña enH .

n½ymü:ageTot vimanenaHCaplhUrecjénbuBaØkmµNa eRBaH

buBaØkmµenaHCaplrbs;GelaP³ eTIbeQµaHfa mas . eRBaHCapl

énGeTas³ eTIbeQµaHfa »Lar . eRBaHCaplénGemah³ eTIbeQµaH

fa rh½sdUccitþ eTA)antamR)afña . edayTMngenaHÉg vimanenaH

eTIbeQµaHfa mas k¾eRBaHkmµenaHCaplénsT§a . eQµaHfa »Lar

eRBaHCaplénbBaØa . eQµaHfa rh½sdUccitþ eRBaHCaplénvIriy³ .

eQµaHfa eTA)antamesckþIR)afña eRBaHCaplénsmaFi . b¤Kb,I

RCabfa eQµaHfa mas eRBaHCaplénsT§a nigsmaFi . eQµaHfa

»Lar eRBaHCaplénsmaFi nigbBaØa . eQµaHfa rh½sdUccitþ eRBaH

CaplénsmaFi nigvIriy³ . eQµaHfa eTA)antamR)afña eRBaHCa

plénsmaFi nigsti .

k¾bIzvimanenaH Baküfa taMg CaedIm CaBakürYmdl;esckþI


dl;RBménsm,tþiEdlCaplénbuNürbs;eTvtaenaH eRBaHsMEdgdl;

sm,tþi KW viman y:agNa Baküfa Glgáet ¬mankayEdlRbdab;

ehIy¦ CaedIm k¾rYmdl;kardl;RBménsm,tþiCaplénbuNü eday

sMEdgsm,tþi KW GtþPaB k¾dUecñaH dUcCa eRKÓgRbdab;eFV Iedaymas

suT§ sUm,Isil,acarüGñkCMnajRbtisßanehIy k¾RtÚvkaredaymNI-

rtn_ EdlrugerOgedaybNþajrsµIepSg² eTIbnwgl¥s¥at ÉeRKÓg

Rbdab;suT§² rEmgmins¥at y:agNa GtþPaBEdldl;RBmTUTaMg

sB’agÁkaysUm,Is¥atkñúg 4 cMENk EdleKRbdab;l¥ehIyenaHÉg

eTIbs¥at mindl;RBm rEmgminmans¥at k¾dUecñaH . eRBaHehtuenaH

RBHefr³eTIbsMEdgesckþIs¥aty:agviess EdlnaMvtß údéTmkbEnßm

rbs;eTvtaTaMgenaH edayBaküfa mankayRbdab;ehIy enH sMEdg

esckþIs¥atviess EdlmincaM)ac;eRbIvtß údéTmkbEnßm edayBaküfa

»Passi ¬bNþajrsµI¦ enH . edayTMngdUcKña RBHefr³sMEdg

esckþIs¥aty:agéRkElg Edlmanbc©½ybc©úb,nñCaehtu edaybT

edIm Edlmanbc©½yGtItCaehtu edaybTeRkay b¤fa RBHefr³sMEdg


fa eTvtaenaHdl;RBmedayvtßú KW eRKÓgeRbIR)as; edaybTedIm sMEdg

fa eTvtaenaHdl;RBmedayvtßú KW GñkeRbIR)as; edaybTeRkay .

kñúgerOgenH sYrfa k¾vimanenaHCavahn³EdlTwmedaystV b¤

Cavahn³EdlminmankarTwmedaystV? eqøIyfa sUm,Ifa kñúgeTvelak

rfvimanTaMgLayCavahn³TwmedaystV eRBaHBakü)alICaedImfa {rf

esHTwmedayesH 1>000} k¾Bit EtesHTaMgenaH CaeTvbutþenaHÉg

EkøgrUbCavahn³kñúgevlaeFVIkic© ¬naTI¦ dUcCaÉrav½NeTvbutþEkøgrUbCa

dMrI kñúgevlaRtac;eTA . EtKb,IeXIjfa vimanenH nigvimandUecñHdéT

eTot Cavahn³EdlminTwmedaystV .

sYrfa ebIdUecñH bc©½yBiessEdl[keRmIkedayvaeyaFatu

mankñ úgvimanenaHÉg b¤mankñ úgxageRkA? eqø Iyfa Kb,Iyl;fa man

kñúgxagkñúg . dUcCa kñúgkareKacrqøgkat;TIepSg² rbs;cnÞviman nig

suriyvimanCaedIm xül;BüúHFMEdlekIteRBaHkmµTUeTA² rbs;stVTaMg

Lay EdlGaRs½yenAelIEpndIkñúgTIenaH rEmgbk;xÞb;cnÞviman nig

suriyvimanCaedImTaMgenaH y:agNa vaeyaFatuxageRkAEdlbk;xÞb;


taMgvimanmasenaH nwgmandUecñaHk¾minEmn . mYyeTot eRbóbdUcCa

ckártn_vileTAedayGMNacvaeyaFatu EdltaMgeLIgkñ úgxagkñ úg Et

vaeyaFatuxageRkAEdlbk;eTAb:H nwgmandl;ckártn_enaH dUcEdl

mandl;cnÞvimanCaedImk¾minEmn eRBaHckártn_vileTAedayGMNaccitþ

rbs;esþccRkBtþi eRkayGMBIEdlmanRBHtRmas;CaedImfa {ckártn_

d¾ceRmIn cUlvileTA} y:agNa Kb,IeXIjfa vimaneTA)aneday

vaeyaFatuEdlmanenAkñúgxøÜn edayGMNaccitþrbs;eTvtaenaHÉg k¾

dUecñaH . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa {rh½sdUccitþ eTA

)antamR)afña} .

RBHefr³ luHrYmsm,tþiEdlCaplbuNürbs;eTvtaenaH kñúg

KafaTI 1 y:agenHehIy \LÚvenHedIm,InwgRbkasbuBaØsm,TaEdl

Caehtuénsm,tþienaH eTIbeBal 2 Kafafa ekn et taTiesa

veNÑa ¬eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmanvNÑ³dUecñH¦ CaedIm .

kñúgKafaenaH kw sBÞ kñúgBaküfa ekn mkkñúgGtßfa tiHedol

)ankñ úg)alICaedImfa kw raCa eya elakM n rkçti ¬GñkNaminrkSa


elak GñkenaHCaRBHraCa)any:agNa¦ . kw nu exa nam tuemð mM

vtþBV M mBaØf ¬GñkTaMgLaynwgsMKal;eyIgfaKYreBalBaküEdlKYr

eCOb¤hñ+¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa minBitR)akd )ankñúg)alICaedImfa ygái-

Ba© i r UbM GtItanaKtbc©úb,nñ M ¬r UbÉNamYy TaMgGtIt GnaKt nig

bc©úb,nñ¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa BaküsYr )ankñ úg)alICa edImfa kwsUF

vitþ M bur issS esdæM ¬RTBüCaeRKÓgrIkraycitþGV Ihñ+ eQµaHfaRbesIr

bMputsRmab;burs¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH kw sBÞ k¾Kb,IeXIjfa eRbIkñúg

GtßCa BaküsYr . Baküfa ekn CattiyaviPtþi eRbIkúñgGtßfa ehtu

GFib,ayfa eRBaHbuNüGVI . Baküfa et ERbfa rbs;nag . Bakü

fa ÉtaTiesa ERbfa dUecñH . GFib,ayfa tamEdleXIjehIy

kñúgevlaenH . vNÑ sBÞkñúgBaküfa veNÑa mkkñúgGtßfa KuN

)ankñúg)alICaedImfa kTa sBaØúL‰a bn et Khbti \em smNsS

eKatmsS vNÑa ¬KhbtI KuNTaMgenHrbs;RBHsmNeKatm elak

rYbrYmTukkñúgkalNa¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa sresIr )ankñúg)alICaedImfa

Genkbriyaeyn BuT§sS vNÑM Pasti FmµsS vNÑM Pasti sgÇsS


vNÑM Pasti ¬sresIrRBHBuT§ sresIrRBHFm’ sresIrRBHsgÇeday

eRcInbriyay¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa Gf ekn nu veNÑn Kn§efenati vuc©ti

¬eRBaHehtuGV Ihñ + eTIbehAfa GñklYckø in¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa RbmaN

¬cMnYn¦ )ankñúg)alICaedImfa teya btþsS vNÑa ¬)aRtman 3

xñat¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa Cati )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa ctþaeraem ePa

eKatm vNÑa ¬RBHeKatm vNÑ³ 4 TaMgenH¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa RTg;

RTay )ankñúg)alICaedIm mhnþM htßiraCvNÑM GPinimµitVa ¬nimµitkay

CaesþcdMrIFM¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa BN’sm,úr )ankñúg)alICaedImfa su-

vNÑveNÑasi PKva susukáTaefati vIr iyva ¬bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK

RBHGgÁmanBN’sm,úrdUcmas bBiRtGñkbMeBjBüayam RBHGgÁman

RBHcgáÚmsl¥¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH vNÑ sBÞ k¾Kb,IeXIjfa eRbIkñúg

Gtßfa BN’sm,úr Etmü:ag . esckþIkñ úgRbkarenHmandUecñHÉg .

eTvta eRBaHbuNüviessNa KW GVICaehtu BN’sm,úrénragkayrbs;

nag eTIbmanrsµIpSayeTArhUt 12 eyaCn_dUecñH KW y:agenH .

Baküfa ekn et \FmiCÄti ¬eRBaHbuNüGVI plenHeTIb)an


seRmcdl;nag¦ esckþIfa plsucritd¾»LarEdlnag)anmkkñúg

kal\LÚvenH rEmgseRmcRKb;y:agdl;nagkñúgsßanTIenH edaybuNü

d¾l¥éRkElgNa . Baküfa ]b,C¢nþ i ¬eTIbekIt¦ )andl; begIát

GFib,ayfa kBUnéRkElgeLIg edaydac;ExS . Baküfa ePaKa

¬ePaK³¦ )andl; ]bkrN_viessEdlCaeRKÓgrIkraycitþ manB®sþa-

PrN³ ¬eRKÓgRbdab; KW sMBt;¦ CaedIm Edl)aneQµaHfa ePaK³

eRBaHGtßfa Carbs;Kb,IeRbIR)as; . sBÞfa ey sMEdgesckþImin

BitR)akd CaBaküTUeTA . sBÞfa ekci sMEdgesckþIminBitR)akd

niyaydl;eRcInvtßú . edaysBÞsUm,ITaMg 2 rEmgrYmykePaK³enaH

Edlrk)ankñ úgTIenaH dUcCamasEdlRbNIt nigRbNItCagCaedIm

rYbrYmedayminmansl; . BitehIy nieTÞsenHrYmesckþITukminman

sl; dUckñ úgBaküfa {ey ekci sgçara ¬sgçarTaMgLayBYkNa

mYy¦} . Baküfa mnesa biya ¬EdlKYrRsLaj;¦ )andl; Edl

citþKb,IRsLaj; GFib,ayfa KYreBjcitþ .

k¾kñúgRbkarenH edayBaküfa vNÑ³dUecñH enH RBHefr³sMEdg


vNÑsm,Ta ¬kardl;RBménvNÑ³¦ EdlCab;Tak;TgnwgGtþPaBrbs;

eTvtaenaH EdlmanesckþIviessdUceBalTukehIykñúgxagedIm .

edayBaküfa ePaK³ enH RBHefr³sMEdgesckþIdl;RBménkamKuN

EdlEckCarUb sMeLg køin rs epadæBV³ EdlCaTiBV EdlCavtßú

eRKÓg]bePaK³ nigbriePaK³ . edayBaküfa EdlKYrRsLaj; enH

RBHefr³sMEdgdl;GarmµN_manrUbCaedImTaMgenaH Carbs;KYrR)afña KYr

RsLaj; KYreBjcitþ . EtedayBaküfa plenHeTIbseRmc enH

RBHefr³sMEdgesckþIdl;RBménGayu vNÑ³ ys sux nigGFibtI

EdlCaTiBV . edayBaküfa RKb;y:agEdlKYrRsLaj; enH zan³

ÉNa 10 Rbkar EdlmkkñúgRBHsURtfa {GñkenaHrEmgl¥Ék ¬l¥

Cag¦ eTBBYkdéTedayzan³ 10 KW GayuTiBV vNÑ³TiBV suxTiBV

ysTiBV GFibtITiBV rUbTiBV sMeLgTiBV køinTiBV rsTiBV epadæBVTiBV}

Kb,IRCabfa RBHefr³sMEdgkarrYbrYmzan³TaMgenaHTukkñúgTIenH eday

minmanesssl; .

Baküfa bucäami ¬sUmsYr¦ )andl; taMgBaküsYr GFib,ay

-38- brmtßTIbn I Gdækfa xuTÞkn ikay v imanvtßú

fa bMNgnwgdwg . sUm,IEdlRCabc,as;ehIyfa 3 Kafa KW ekn

et taTiesa veNÑa ekn et \FmiCÄti .eb. kimkasi buBaØ M

eknasi ÉvBa¢litanuPava elakeBalTuk ¬ekIteLIg¦ edayGMNac

BaküsYr eRBaHeRbI kw sBÞehIy minmanesckþICay:agdéTk¾Bit

Etelakk¾eBalfa sUmsYr k¾edIm,I[dwgCak;c,as;fa CaBaküsYr .

BitehIy BaküsYrenH minEmnCaGTidæeCatnabucäa ¬sYredIm,Idwgvtßú

EdlminTan;dwg¦ erOgEbbenH minEmnCavtß úEdlRBHmhaefr³mindwg

TaMgminEmnvimtiecäTnabucäa ¬sYredIm,Ikat;esckþIsgS½y¦ eRBaHRBHefr³

kat;esckþIsgS½y)anedayRbkarTaMgBYgehIy TaMgminEmnGnumtibucäa

¬sYredIm,I[TTYl¦ eRBaHBaküenaH min)ansYrEbbRtÚvkareXIjtam

dUckñ úg)alI CaedImfa {tM kw mBaØsi raCBaØ ¬bBiRtRBHGgÁ RTg;

sMKal;esckþIenaHy:agNa¦} TaMgminEmnCakeftukmütabucäa ¬sYr

edIm,IeqøIyedayxøÜnÉg¦ eRBaHRBHefr³min)ansYreTvtaenaHehIy RtÚv

karnwgeqø Iyxø ÜnÉg . EtKb,IRCabfa CaTidæsMsnÞnabucäa ¬sYredIm,I

eRbóbeFobvtß úEdldwgehIy ¦ . edaycMeBaH esckþIR)afñaenaHEcg


TukkñúgGtßúb,tþikfa ¬ehtuekIténerOg¦ kñúgxagedIm edayn½yCaedIm

fa RBHefr³eXIjRbckSdl;kusl nigGkusl>>> } . Baküfa tM

ERbfa nag . BaküenaH sMedAdl;BaküxagedIm nigBaküxagcug

CaTutiyaviPtþ iÉkvcn³ eRBaHsMedAdl;BaküedIm . EtKb,IeXIjfa

CabzmaviPtþ iÉkvcn³ eRBaHsMedAdl;Baküxagcug .

Év sBÞ kñ úgBaküfa eTvi enH eRbICamYy smµtieTB )an

kñúg)alITaMgLayCaedImfa \mani et eTv cturasItinKrshsSani

kusavtIraCFanibmuxani ¬bBiRtRBHsmµtieTB 84>000 RBHnKrrbs;

RBHGgÁTaMgenH manRkúgkusavtIraCFanICaRbmux¦ . nigfa Étß eTv

qnÞM kerahi CIv iet GebkçM ¬bBiRtRBHsmµtieTB kñúgerOgenH sUm

RBHGgÁRTg;eR)aseFVIesckþIeBjRBHT½y esckþIGal½ykñúgRBHCnµCIB

cuH¦ . eRbICamYy visuT §ieTB )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa tsS eTvati-

eTvsS sasnM sBVTsSiena ¬RBHGgÁCaeTBéRkElgCaeTBenaH RTg;

eXIjvtßúRKb;y:agnUvBaküTUnµan¦ . BitehIy bNþavisuT§ ieTBTaMg

Lay kaleBaldl;Pav³EdlRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;CaGtieTB k¾Cakar


eBaldl;Pav³EdlRTg;CaeTBéRkElgCagvisuT§ieTBeRkAGMBIenHpg .

eRbICamYy ]bbtþieTB )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa catumµharaCika eTva

TIXayuka vNÑvenþa suxBhula ¬BYkeTBCan;ctumharaC manGayu

Evg manvNÑ³ eRcInedayesckþIsux¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH eTv sBÞ

Kb,IRCabfa eRbICamYy ]bb,tþieTB Etmü:ag . EtkaleBaleday

Gtß eQµaHfa eTvI ¬eTvta¦ eRBaHGtßfa rEmgelg rEmgrIkray

rEmgeBjcitþedaybuBaØbJT§ ×rbs;xøÜn rEmgeRtkGredaykamKuN 5 .

n½ymü:ageTot ¬eRBaHGtßfa¦ rEmgPøWsVag edayn½ydUceBalehIy

kñúgxagedIm nigeTAtampøÚvGakas nigeTAedayviman . k¾Baküfa

eTvi kñ úgBaküfa tV M eTvi enH CaÉkvcn³ eRbICaBaküehA . Bakü

fa mhanuPaevn ¬GñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn¦ )andl; GñkmanbJT§× ¬GMNac/

rsµI¦ d¾»Lar . k¾GanuPaBrbs;eTvtaTaMgenaH RBHefr³sMEdgTuk

eday 2 Kafa eRkayehIy .

kñúgBaküfa mnusSPUta ¬kalekItCamnusS¦ enH eQµaHfa

mnusS eRBaHmancitþx<s; KW mancitþEdlsnSMedayKuN KW sti man


PaBekøóvkøa mankarRbRBwtþy:agRbesIr ¬RBhµcriy³¦ manesckþI

Büayam manPaBmutmaM mancitþRbkbedayKuNd¾]Rkidæ . sYrfa

k¾mnusSTaMgenaH KW GñkNahñ+? eqø Iyfa KW BBYkstVBiesskñúg

Cm<ÚTV Ib . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas;fa {mñalPikçúTaMg

Lay mnusSkñ úgCm<ÚTV Ib rEmgRbesIrCagmnusSkñ úg]tþrkur uTV Ib nig

eTBCan;eTvtwgSedayzan³ 3 y:ag . zan³ 3 y:ag KWGV I? KW Ca

Gñkkøahan CaGñkmansti karenARbRBwtþRBhµcriy³kñ úgRBHFmµvin ½y

enH} .

Bity:agenaH RBHsmµasm<úT§ RBHbec©kBuT§ RBHGKÁsavk RBH

mhasavk esþccRkBtþi nigstVGñkmanGanuPaBBYkdéT rEmgekIt

kñúgCm<ÚTV IbenaHÉg . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa {sUm,ImnusSkñúgTVIbFMBYk

enH nigmnusSkñ úgTV IbtUc k¾eKsÁal;fa CamnusSdUcKña eRBaHman

rUbCaedImdUcKñanwgmnusSkñ úgCm<ÚTV IbenaHÉg} . cMENkGacarüBYkxøH

eToteBalfa eQµaHfa mnusS k¾eRBaHmancitþRbkbedayelaP³

CaedIm nigGelaP³CaedIm . BitehIy stVBYkNa)anekItCamnusS


kñúgstVBYkenaHedaycMeBaH BYkstVEdlmanelaP³CaedIm nigGelaP³

CaedImRkas; rEmgeFVIpø ÚvG)ay[eBj eRBaHCaGñkmanelaP³CaedIm

Rkas; nigeFV IsuKti nigpøÚveTAkan;RBHniBVan[eBj eRBaHCaGñkman

GelaP³CaedImeRcIn eRBaHdUecñaH stVviessGñkTV IbFMTaMg 4 nig

mnusSkñúgTVIbtUcTaMgLay EdleKehAfa mnusS eRBaHmancitþRbkb

edayelaP³CaedIm nigGelaP³CaedImRkas;enaHÉg .

tRmaTak;TgnwgelakeBalfa eQµaHfa mnusS eRBaHCakUn

rbs;RBHmnU . mnusSkñ úgbzmkb, EdlCamnusSdMbUgkñ úgkarRKb;

RKgelak cat;EcgRbeyaCn_ nigminEmnRbeyaCn_ enAkñ úgzan³Ca

bitarbs;stVTaMgLay maneQµaHfa mnU enAkñúg ¬RBHBuT§¦ sasna

ehAfa RBHmhasmµt³ . nigBYkstVEdltaMgenAkñ úg»vaTanusasnI

rbs;RBHmnUenaHCab;t² Kñamk k¾ehAKñafa mnusS eRBaHdUcCabuRt .

k¾eRBaHehtuenaHÉg mnusSTaMgenaH eTIbehAfa maNBxøH mnusS

xøH . GñkR)akdehIy ekItehIy b¤dl;PaBCamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS

ehtuenaH eTIbeQµaHfa mnusSPUta ¬ekItCamnusS¦ .


Baküfa kimkasi buBaØ M ¬eFVIbuNüGVIT uk¦ esckþIfa nag)an

eFV I KW snSM ksag sucrit kuslkmµ GVI dUcemþc kñ úgkuslkmµ

TaMgLay manTan sIlCaedIm Edl)aneQµaHfa buNü eRBaHeFVI

[ekItpl KW karEdlKYrbUCa nigeRBaHlagCMrHsnþanEdlxøÜnÉg

ekIt[brisuT§ . Baküfa ClitanuPava ¬manGanuPaBrugerOg¦ )an

dl; rugerOgTUeTA KW manbuBaØriT§ × .

sYrfa kñúgerOgenH ehtuGV I RBHefr³eTIbeBalfa {RKaekItCa

mnusS nag)aneFV IbuNüGVI?} kñ úgKtidéT² minmankareFVIbuNüxøHeT

b¤? eqøIyfa minmankareFVIbuNük¾eT . eRBaHkarekIteLIgénkusl-

citþcMENkkamavcrrEmgman)ankñúgRKaxøH sUm,IEtkñúgKtinrk minKb,I

eBaldl;kñ úgKtidéT² ´)aneBalTukehIyminEmnb¤fa CaTidæsM-

snÞnabucäa ¬sYredIm,IeRbóbeFobkñúgvtß úEdldwgehIy¦ dUecñaH RBH

mhaefr³eXIjeTvtaGgÁenaH EdlkaltaMgenAkñ úgGtþPaBCamnusS

eFV IbuBaØkmµeTIbmkekIt kalnwgsYrtamerOgEdlekItmkehIy eTIb

eBalfa {kalekItCamnusS nag)aneFV IbuNüGVIT uk?} .


n½ymü:ageTot kñúgKtidéT² eRBaHCaGñkmansuxedaycMENk

mYy eRBaHCaGñkmanTukçedaycMENkmYy nigeRBaHCaGñkeRcIneTAeday

Tukç »kasEdlnwgeFV IbuNüminEmnrk)anedaygay² eRBaHkarRBm

eRBógénbc©½y mankarBwgBak;GaRs½ysb,úrsCaedIm rk)anEsn

lM)ak . RKaxøHsUm,IekIteLIgehIyk¾minEmn»Lar sm,Úr eRBaHehtu

tamEdleBalmkehIy . cMENkkñúgKtiénmnusS eRBaHCaGñkeRcIn

eTAedaysux »kaseFVIbuNüeTIbrk)angay eRBaHkarRBmeRBógén

bc©½ymankarBwgGaRs½ysb,úrsCaedImedayeRcIn eRBaHrk)angay .

mYyeTot TukçÉNaekIteLIgkñúgKtiénmnusSenaH TukçsUm,IenaH k¾Ca

]bnisS½yehtuénkareFVIbuNüedayBiess . BitehIy mnusSTaMg

LaymanTukçCaehtu eTIbmansT§a . nigeRbóbdUcCakaMbit EdlCag

eFV ImkGMBIdu MEdk kardutePø Igkþ I karykTwkeRsackþI minEmnCabc©½y

BiessEtmü:agEdleFVI[kaMbitenaHGaceFV Ikarkab;qáar)an Etkardut

nigykTwkeRsacedaylµmRbmaN k¾Cabc©½yBiessénkarkab;qáar

enaH y:agNa ÉsnþanstVEdlRBmeRBógeTAedayTukçEtmü:ag PaBCa


GñkeRcIneTAedayTukç nigPaBCaGñkRBmeRBógeTAedaysux minEmnCa

bc©½yBiessénkareFVIbuNü EtkalmanesckþIekþARkhayeTAeday

Tukç nigkarkBUnedaysux RbkbCamYyKñalµmRbmaN kareFVIbuNü

Edl)anehtuehIy eTIbekIteLIg nigkalekIteLIgk¾rugerOg TaMg

Gackab;qáarbdibkç KW )ab)anpg k¾dUecñaHdUcKña . eRBaHdUecñaH PaB

CamnusSeTIbCabc©½yBiessénkareFVIbuNü . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³

eTIbeBalfa kalekItCamnusS nag)aneFVIbuNüGVITuk? Baküd¾ess

dwg)angayehIy .

ÉeTvtaGgÁenaH RtÚvRBHefr³sYry:agenHehIy k¾tbbBaða .

edIm,IsMEdgesckþIenaH elakeTIbeBalKafa sa eTvta Gtþmna

¬eTvtaenaH>>> eRtkGr¦ dUecñHCaedIm . sYrfa k¾KafaenHnrNaeBal?

eqø Iyfa RBHFmµsgÁahketßr GñkrYmeFVIsgÁaynaFm’eBal . bNþa

BaküTaMgenaH Baküfa sa ¬enaH¦ )andl; eTvtaGgÁenaH Edl

RBHefr³eBaldl;kñúgxagedImfa EneTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn GatµaPaB

sUmsYrnag . eTvbuRtkþI RBhµkþI eTvFItakþI elakehAfa eTvta .


BitehIy eTvbuRt elakehAfa eTvta )ankñ úg)alICaedIm

fa Gf exa GBaØRta eTvta GPiknþay rtþiya GPikánþvNÑa ¬RKaenaH

eTvtamYyGgÁ kalraRtIbzmyamknøgeTAehIy manvNÑ³s¥at¦ .

eTv enaHÉg pøas; ¬rUb¦ Ca eTvta . RBhµ elakk¾ehAfaeTvta

dUcKña )ankñúg)alICaedImfa ta eTvta stþsta ]Lara RBhµvimana

GPinikçmitVa ¬eTvtaTaMg 700 GgÁenaH»Lar ecjcakvimanRBhµ¦ .

eTBFIta k¾ehAfa eTvta )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa ?

eTvta elakmanvNÑ³s¥at manBnøWpSayeTARKb;Tis

dUcCapáayRBwk .

sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH k¾Kb,IRCabfaCaeTBFItaenaHÉg .

Baküfa Gtþmna ¬eRtkGr¦ mancitþrIkrayehIy mancitþRtÚv

bIti nigesamnsSBal;RtÚvehIy . BitehIy citþEdleTACamYybIti

nigesamnsS k¾dUcCaRtÚvbIti nigesamnsSenaHcab;TukCarbs;xøÜn

eRBaHeTamnsSminman»kas . n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa eRtkGr

)andl; mancitþCarbs;xøÜn . BitehIy citþEdlRbkbedaybIti nig


esamnsSEdlminmaneTas eBal)anfa Carbs;xøÜn eRBaHnaMRbeyaCn_

nigsuxmk[dl;GñkRBmedaybIti nigesamnsSenaH kñúgkal\LÚv

enH ¬KWbc© úb,nñ¦ nigkñ úgevlateTA ¬KWGnaKt¦ . citþeRkAenHrkmin

)an .

Baküfa emaKÁløaenn ¬RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßr¦ esckþIfa RBH

mhaefr³GgÁenaH EdleKsÁal;fa emaKÁløan³ edayeKaRt eRBaH

elakCabuRtrbs;RBahµN_mhasalemaKÁløaneKaRt EdlRBHemaKÁ-

løanGgÁenaH ¬sYrehIy¦ . Baküfa bucäita ¬RtÚv>>> sYrehIy¦ )an

dl; sYredayTidæsMsnÞnabucäa ¬sYreRbóbeFobvtßúEdl)andwgehIy¦ .

RbkbesckþIfa eTvtaGgÁenaHeRtkGrkñúgkareqøIybBaða . k¾sUm,Ikal

mun eTvtaGgÁenaHeRtkGrfa {kmµsUm,IRbmaNtictYceQµaHenaH k¾

enACaehtuénTiBVsm,tþiFMdl;emøaH} dUecñH GaRs½ybuBaØrbs;xøÜn k¾esay

esamnsSminecHGs; . Et\LÚvenH ¬nageRtkGrfa¦ kareFV Ikar

nmsáar sUm,IEdlFøab;eFV IehIydl;RBHmhaefr³mYyrUb k¾manpl

d¾»Lary:agenH k¾RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßr³GgÁenH CaGKÁsavkrbs;


RBHBuT§ manKuNd¾»Lar manGanuPaBeRcIn bItieTIbekItedayehtu

2 Rbkar KW eyIg)anCYbRBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrGgÁenH nig)aneFVIesckþI

eKarBnmsáar nigelakk¾sYrbBaðaEdlCab;Tak;TgnwgbuNürbs;eyIg

eTot . eTvtaGgÁenaHmanbIti nigesamnsSy:agxøaMgekIteLIgy:ag

enH TTYlBakürbs;RBHefr³edayeRtkGr eTIbBüakrN_ ¬eqø Iy¦

bBaðaedayGakarEdlelaksYrehIy .

Baküfa buBað M ¬BaküsYr¦ )andl; eTvtak¾eqøIy ¬BüakrN_¦

KW R)ab; )andl; eqø IyesckþIenaHEdlelakcg;dwg . sYrfa nwg

eqøIyviFINa? eqøIy tamEdlelaksYr KW EbbEpnEdlRtÚvsYr )an

dl; tamEbbEpnEdlRtÚvsYrenaHÉg . nigkñ úgTIenH elakeBal

¬eRbIBaküfa¦ fa bucäita nigenAeRbIBaküfa budæa eTot Kb,IRCabfa

CakarbBa¢ak;fa mann½yepSgKña . eRBaHkalebIeRbIBakümYyehIy

BaküEdlepþImfµI ¬BaküeRkay¦ rEmgR)ab;n½yEdlepSgvij . etIn½y

EdlEbøkenaH KWGV Ihñ+? KW n½yEdlRsbKñarbs;BaküeqøIy nigBakü

¬eqø IyRtg;BaküsYr¦ . RbkarEdlRBHefr³sMEdgplrbs;kmµNa


ehIysYrdl;kmµEdlCaehtuénplkmµenaH CakarsMEdgfa TaMg 2

y:ag ¬plkmµ nigkmµEdlCaehtu¦ mankarRsbKña . mü:ageTot

karsYrRbRBwtþeTAedayGakar ¬Ebb¦ Na TaMgedayGtß nigBüBa¢n³

Baküeqø IyEdlCaEbbdUcKñaenaH ¬cat;fa¦ RsbKñanwgBaküsYr TaMg

Baküeqø Iyk¾RbRBwtþeTAEbbenaHpg dUecñaH edIm,I[dwgRbkarepSgKña

enH elakeRbIBaküfa bucäita ehIyeTIbeRbIBaküfa budæa eTot}¬1¦ .

n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa bucä ita R)ab;dl;ehtuEdleTvtaRtÚv

sYr eRBaHbMNg[BRgIkesckþI 1 ehtuEdleqøIyBaküsYr 1 .

manBaküGFib,ayfa tGMBIesckþIfa eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmanvNÑ³

dUecñHCaedIm ehAfa BaküsYr . kmµEdleTvtaenaHeFV Ikþ I kareqø Iy

BaküsYrEdlmanGñksYrkþI ehAfa RtÚvsYr[eqøIy ¬bucäita KW eqøIy

BaküsYr¦ . eRBaHehtuEdleTvtaRtÚvsYrehIyR)ab;kmµEdlsYrdl;

dUecñaHeTIbehAfa RtÚvsYrBaküsYr nigeRBaHehtuEdleTvtaRtÚvsYr

1¦ elakGFib,ayyWtyUr nigesÞIryl;lM)ak bMNgk¾R)afñacg;[ERbfa bBaðM budæa fa ¬eqøIy¦ BaküsYrtamEdlelaksYr dUcEdlERbTukkñúgKafaxagedImenaHÉg .

-50- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuTÞkn ikay v imanvtßú

mþgeTot RtÚvR)ab;kmµEdlRtÚvsYrdl; dUecñaHeTIbehAfa eqøIyBakü

sYr . Baküfa ysS kmµsSiTM plM ¬kmµEdlmanpl¦ enH CaBakü

srubesckþIEdlehAfa bBaðM ¬BaküsYr¦ . kñúgBaküenHmanGFib,ay

dUecñH eTvta)anbBa¢ak;buBaØkmµ EdlehAfa {BaküsYr} eRBaHRtÚv[

dwgc,as;plbuNüEdlRtÚvsYr nigGñkRtÚvsYreXIjCak;c,as;ehIy

EdlmankareFV I EdlnwgeBalbnÞab;GMBIenH .

Baküfa GhM mnuesSsu ¬kñ úgBYkmnusSnag´¦ CaedIm Ca

GakarBüakrN_ ¬BaküeqøIy¦ bBaða . kñúgBaküenaH eTvtaehAxøÜnÉg

edayBaküfa nag´ . eTvtaeBalfa mnuesSsu ¬kñ úgBYkmnusS¦

ehIyeBaldEdlfa mnusSPUta ¬RKaekItCamnusS¦ k¾edIm,IsMEdgfa

kñúgRKaenaH KuNrbs;mnusSTaMgLaymanehIyenAkñúgxøÜn . BitNas;

GñkNaekItCamnusS eFVIkmµEdlminKYr mansmøab;stVCaedIm k¾sm

KYrTTYleTas kalTTYleTas mankarkat;édCaedIm GMBIRBHraCaCa

GaT× kñúgTIenaH² rEmgesayTukçd¾eRcIn buKÁlenHeQµaHfa mnusS-

nrk . buKÁlmñak;eTotekItCamnusS min)anGahar nigeRKÓgesøók


dNþb; eRBaHkmµEdlxøÜneFVITukGMBImun RtÚveRskXøan eRcIneTAeday

Tukç kalmin)anTIenA k¾edIreTAedIrmk buKÁlenHeQµaHfa mnusS-

eRbt . buKÁlmñak;eTot ekItCamnusS GaRs½yGñkdéTciBa© wm RtÚv

eFVIkargarF¶n;[eK b¤elµIsc,ab; RbRBwtþEtGnacar RtÚveKKRmamkMEhg

xøacsøab; k¾eTAGaRs½ykñúgéRB eRcIneTAedayTukç RtÚveKcevs min

dwgnUvRbeyaCn_ nigminEmnRbeyaCn_ TTYlEtTukç KW karehvht;

edaykaredkCaedImCaxagmux buKÁlenHeQµaHfa mnusStircäan .

cMENkCnNadwgnUvRbeyaCn_ nigminEmnCaRbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜn eCO

plénkmµ manhiri ¬xµas;)ab¦ »tþb,³ ¬xøac)ab¦ sm,ÚredayesckþI

GaNitGasUkñ úgstVTaMgLay eRcIneTAedayesckþIsegVK evorcak

Gkuslkmµbf RbRBwtþeGIeBIkñ úgkuslkmµbf bMeBjbuBaØkir iyavtßú

TaMgLay CnenHtaMgenAkñúgmnusSFm’ eQµaHfa mnusS tamesckþI

Bit . sUm,IeTvtaGgÁenHk¾dUecñaH . eRBaHehtuenaH eTvtaeTIbeBal

fa mnuesSsu mnusSPUta ¬kalekItCamnusS kñúgBYkmnusS¦ GFi-

b,ayfa ´dl;PaBCamnusSkñúgBYkstVEdlCamnusS nigtaMgenAeday


minlHbg;mnusSFm’ .

Baküfa GBÖaKtanM ¬cMeBaHPikç úGñkmkdl;pÞH¦ )andl; Gñk

cUlmkdl;ehIy GFib,ayfa GaKnþúk³Edlmkdl;ehIy . Bit

ehIy GaKnþ úk³man 2 KW Gtifi ¬ePJóv¦ nigGBÖaKt³ ¬Gñkmkdl;/

GñkR)afñaCYb¦ . bNþaGaKnþúk³ 2 y:agenaH GaKnþúk³GñkFøab;sÁal;

KñaehIy eQµaHfa Gtifi ¬ePJóv¦ . GaKnþ úk³GñkminFøab;sÁal;Kña

eQµaHfa GBÖaKt³ . TaMgGñkEdlFøab;sÁal;Kña b¤GñkminFøab;sÁal;Kña

EdlmkkñúgeBlmun ¬Gahar¦ eQµaHfa Gtifi . GñkEdlR)akdxøÜn

mkdl;xN³kñúgevlabriePaKGahar eQµaHfa GBÖaKt³ . n½ymü:ag

eTot GñkEdl)anTTYlGeBa¢IjmkbriePaKGahar eQµaHfa Gtifi .

Gñkmin)anGeBa¢Ijmk eQµaHfa GBÖaKt³ . k¾PikçúrUbenHCaGñkminFøab;

sÁal;KñamkGMBImun CaGñkEdleKmin)annimnþ nigmkdl;kñúgeBlenH .

eTvtasMedAdl;Pikçúr UbenaH eTIbeBalfa cMeBaHPikç úGñkmkdl;pÞH .

EtkñúgKafaenaH eTvtaeBalBaküCaBhuvcn³edayesckþIeKarB .

buKÁlrEmgGgÁúy ¬éxBakü Gasti = nisITti ERbdUcKña¦ cuHkñ úgvtß ú


Na ehtuenaH vtß úenaHeQµaHfa Gasn³ ¬vtß úTIGgÁ úy¦ )andl; vtßú

EdlKYrGgÁúy)anNanImYy . EtkñúgTIenHbMNgyk bIz³ ¬taMg¦ .

eTvtaeBalfa GasnkM ¬Gasn³¦ eRBaHtaMgenaHCarbs;tUc nigCa

rbs;minFMduM . Baküfa GTasw ¬)anfVay¦ esckþIfa eTvta)anekIt

esamnsSfa TanEdl)anfVaydl;RBHefr³rUbenaH nwgmanpleRcIn

manGanisgSeRcIndl;eyIg dUecñHehIy eCOkmµ nigplénkmµ )an

fVayedIm,IRBHefr³rUbenaH)aneRbIR)as; . GFib,ayfa bric©aK[dac; .

Baküfa GPivaTyw ¬)anGPivaT¦ )andl; )aneFV IkarGPivaT

RkabsMBH GFib,ayfa sMBHRBHTkç ieNyübuKÁledaybBa©gÁRbti-

sßan . BitehIy eTvtakalsMBH eQµaHfa eBal[Brdl;GñkEdl

kMBugeFVIkarsMBHenaHÉg CaGtß edayn½yCaedImfa sUmelakcUrman

esckþIsux cUrminmaneraK . Baküfa GBa¢likM Gkasw ¬eFVIGBa¢lI¦

esckþIfa ´pÁgGBa¢lIEdlrugerOgedayTsnxsemaFan ¬RbCuMRmam

éd 10¦ TukelIk,al )aneFVIkarbeg¥ancMeBaHelakGñkmanKuNd¾RbesIr

TaMgLay . bTfa yfanuPavM ¬tamGanuPaB¦ )andl; tamkmøaMg .


GFib,ayfa tamsmKYrdl;RTBüsm,tþiEdlmanehIykñúgevlaenaH

rbs;´ . Baküfa GTasi TanM ¬fVayTan¦ )andl; ´nimnþRBH

TkçieNyübuKÁl[qan; edaykarbric©aK eTyüFm’man)ayTwkCaedIm

eTIbRbsBVkñúgbuNüEdlseRmcedayTan .

k¾kñúgKafaenaH Baküfa GhM ¬´¦ enH CaBaküsMEdg[eXIj

fa kmµ nigplmankarsm<½n§Kña edaysMEdg[dwgfa mankarCab;tKña

¬snþti¦ karTTYlplCaExSEtmYy . Baküfa kalekItCamnusS

kñúgBYkmnusS enH CaBaküsMEdgkarCab;tKña EdlCaTItaMgénbuBaØ-

kiriyavtß úenaH . Baküfa cMeBaHPikç úGñkmkdl;pÞH enH CaBakü

sMEdgdl;ectnasm,tþi nigsMEdgextþsm,tþ i eRBaHsMEdgfa kar

TTYl ¬rbs;RBHTkçieNyübuKÁl¦ k¾dUckar[ ¬rbs;Tayk Tayika¦

RbRBwtþeTAminGal½ykñúgvtß úNaeLIy . Baküfa GasnkM GTasw

yfanuPavBa© GTasi TanM ¬´)anfVayGasn³>>> nig)anfVayTan

tamGanuPaB¦ enH CaBaküsMEdgkarfVayePaK³ ¬vtßúrbs;¦ EdlCa

sar³ ¬ePaKsar³¦ . Baküfa GPivaTyw GBa¢likM Gkasw ¬´>>>


)anGPivaT )aneFVIGBa¢lI¦ enH CaBaküsMEdgkarfVaykayEdlCa

sar³ ¬kaysar³¦ .

Baküfa etn ¬eRBaHbuNüenaH¦ )andl; eRBaHbuNütamEdl

eBalehIyenaHCaehtu . em sBÞ kñúgBaküfa em enH eRbIkñúgGtß

ttiyaviPtþ i manesckþIesµIn wg mya ¬EdleyIg¦ )ankñ úg)alIfa

kiecän em GFiKtM hlnÞan i bkasituM ¬\LÚvenH minKYreLIyEdl

nwgRbkasFm’ EdltfaKtseRmc)anedaylM)ak¦ . eRbIkñ úgGtß

ctutß IviPtþi manesckþIesµInwg myðM ¬dl;eyIg¦ )ankñ úg)alICaedIm

fa saFu em PKva sgçietþn FmµM eTestu ¬bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn

sUmRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;eR)assMEdgFm’dl;´RBHGgÁcuH¦ . eRbIkñúgGtß

qdæ IviPtþ i )ankñúg)alICaedImfa bueBVv em Pikçev sem<aFa GnPi-

sm<úT §sS eBaFistþesSv ¬mñalPikç úTa MgLay munkarRtas;dwg>>>

rbs;tfaKtEdlenACaeBaFistV minTan;)anRtas;dwg¦ . sUm,Ikñ úg

TIenH em sBÞ eRbIkñ úgGtßqdæ Iv iPtþ iEtmü:ag mann½yfa mm ¬rbs;

eyIg¦ . em sBÞenaH Kb,Ism<½T§cUlkñúg 2 bTfa eRBaHbuNürbs;


´enaH nigfa vNÑ³rbs;´eTIbCadUecñH . Baküd¾essmann½ydUc

eBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

kaleTvtaGgÁenaHeqøIyBaküsYry:agenHehIy RBHmhaemaKÁ-

løan )ansMEdgFm’edayBisþar . eTsnaenaHCaRbeyaCn_dl;eTvta

GgÁenaHRBmTaMgbrivar . RBHefr³RtLb;cakeTvelakenaH mkkan;

mnusSelakehIy )anRkabTUlerOgfVaycMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaKRKb;

Rbkar . RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;eFV IerOgenaH[CaGtßúb,tþ i ¬ehtuekItén

erOg¦ ehIyRTg;sMEdgFm’eR)asbris½TEdlRbCuMKñacMeBaHRBHP½®kþ .

EtRBHFmµsgÁahkacarü elIkKafaEtmü:ageLIgkan;sgÁaynaenaHÉg¬1¦ .

cb;Gdækfa bzmbIzvimanTI 1

3

1¦ esckþIfa elIkeLIgkan;sgÁayna ¬rYbrYmTuk¦ cMeBaHEtRbkarCaKafa/ cMENkFm’ EdlRTg;sMEdg ¬b¤ehtuekIténKafa¦ min)anelIkeLIgkan;sgÁaynaeT .

-57- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ TutiybIzvimansURtTI 2

Gdðkza TutiybIfvimansURtTI 2

{taMgvimanTI 2}

[1] TutiybIzvimanmanBaküepþImfa bIzenþ evLúriymyM ¬En

eTBFIta>>> taMgvimanEkvBiTUrürbs;nag¦ . ehtuekIteLIgénerOg nig

karBN’naesckþIrbs;TutiybIzvimaenaH Kb,IRCabtamn½ydUceBal

ehIykñúgbzmbIzvimanenaHÉg . cMENkesckþIepSgKñamandUecñH .

dUc)ansþab;mk ®sþIGñkRkúgsavtßImñak; eXIjRBHefr³mYyrUb

cUlmkbiNÐ)atenApÞHrbs;xø Ün mancitþRCHføa kalnwgfVayGasn³

dl;RBHefr³rUbenaH eTIbyksMBt;BN’exov RkalelItaMgrbs;xøÜn

fVay . edaykarfVaytaMgenaH vimanblø½gáseRmcedayEkvBiTUrü

k¾ekIteLIgdl;nagGñkekItkñúgeTvelak . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmha-

emaKÁlanefr³eTIbsYrfa ?

EneTvFIta GñkmankayRbdab;ehIy RTRTg; mal½y RTRTg;P½®sþaPrN_d¾l¥s¥at taMgvimanEkvBiTUrü rbs;nag»Lar rh½sdUccitþ eTA)antamR)afña nag


manBnøWpSayecjGMBIkaydUcepøkbenÞar júaMgTIbMput

énBBk[PøWc,as; .









eRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYry:agenHfa

kalekItCamnusSkñúgBYkmnusS ´)anfVay

Gasn³dl;Pikç úEdlmkdl;pÞH )anGPivaT )aneFV I

GBa¢lI nig)anfVayTantamGanuPaB .


-59- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ TutiybIzvimansURtTI 2





buNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nigvNÑ³


bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa evLúriymyM ¬EkvBiTUrü¦ )an

dl; seRmcedayEkvBiTUrü . EkvmNIEdlekIteLIgminq¶ayGMBI

Pñ MviLÚr³ nigGMBIRsúkviLÚr³ eQµaHfa EkvBiTUrü . eKfa EkvBiTUrü

enaH )anekItenAkñ úgRsúkviLÚr³ nigeRBaHekItminq¶ayGMBIRsúkviLÚr³

eTIb)aneQµaHfa evLúriy³ ¬EkvBiTUrü¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgeTvelak Ekv-

BiTUrüenaH k¾maneQµaHdUcKña eRBaHmanBnøWénBN’dUcKñanwgEkvBiTUrü

enaH dUceQµaHrbs;BYkeTvbuRtkñúgeTvelak maneQµaHtameQµaHEdl

)anmkkñúgmnusSelak . k¾EkvBiTUrüenaH manBN’Rsedogeram>k

stVek¶akk¾man manBN’RsedogsøwkpÁa Mx © Ik¾man manBN’Rsedog


søwkb¤sSIEdlman ¬exov¦ cas;k¾man . cMENkkñúgTIenH Kb,IRCab

fa manBN’Rsedoleram>kstVek¶ak . Baküd¾essTaMgGs;dUc)an

eBalehIykñúgbzmbIzvimanenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa TutiybIzvimansURtTI 2

3

-61- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ ttiybIzvimansURtTI 3

Gdðkza ttiybIfvimansURtTI 3

{taMgvimanTI 3}

[3] ttiybIzvimanmanBaküepþImfa bIzenþ esavNÑmyM ¬En

eTFIta>>> taMgvimanmasrbs;nag¦ erOgrbs;ttiybIzvimanenaH ekIt

eLIgkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH .

dUc)ansþab;mk RBHefr³xINaRsBmYyrUb Rtac;biNÐ)atkñúg

RkúgraCRKwH )anGaharehIyR)afñanwgqan;kñúgevlaRbjab; eTIbcUl

eTAkan;pÞHmYyxñgEdlbiTTVar . kñúgpÞHenaH ®sþIm©as;pÞHmñak;manbsaT-

sT§a segátdwgGakarrbs;RBHefr³ eTIbeBalfa {mkcuHelakm©as;

sUmelakm©as;eR)asKg;enARtg;enH qan;GaharcuH} ehIycat;Ecg

taMgy:agl¥rbs;xøÜn RkaledaysMBt;BN’elOgxagelI )anbric©aK[

dac; nigtaMgesckþIR)afñafa {sUmbuNürbs;eyIgenH cUrCabc©½y

[)antaMgmaskñúgGnaKtkalcuH} . kalRBHefr³Kg;qan;Ptþahar

kñ úgTIenaH lag)aRtehIyeRkakeTA nageTIbeBalfa {elakm©as;

Gasn³enH ´bric©aKdl;elakm©as;ehIy sUmemtþaeR)aseRbIR)as;


edIm,IGnueRKaH´pgcuH} RBHefr³k¾TTYltaMgenaH edIm,IGnueRKaHnag

ehIy[fVaydl;sgÇ . erOgTaMgGs;taMgGMBIRbkarfa {sm½ytmk

nagekIteraKmü:ag søab;ehIyeTAekItkñúgsßantavtwgS} Kb,IRCabtam

n½yEdleBalehIykñúgGdækfabzmvimanenaHÉg . eRBaHehtuenaH

RBHmhaemaKÁløanefr³eTIbsYrfa

EneTvFIta GñkmankayRbdab;ehIy RTRTg;

mal½y RTRTg;P½®sþaPrN_d¾l¥s¥at taMgvimanmas

rbs;nag»Lar rh½sdUccitþ eTA)antamR)afña nag

manBnøWpSayecjGMBIkaydUcepøkbenÞar júaMgTIbMput

énBBk[PøWc,as; .











fa

enHCaplkmµd¾tictYcrbs;´ EdlCaehtu[

´manGanuPaBrugeOgy:agenH kñúgCatimun kalekIt

CamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS kñúgmnusSelak .

´)aneXIjPikçúGñkR)ascakkielsdUcFUlI Gñk

pUrpg; minkkrl¥k; k¾RCHføa eTIb)anfVaytaMgcas;dl;

elak edayédTaMgBIrrbs;xøÜn .









k¾ Cati sBÞ kñúgKafaTI 5 EdlepþImfa bur imay Catiya

mnusSelaek ¬kñúgCatimun kñúgmnusSelak¦ eRbIkñúgGtßfa lkçN³

EdlRtÚvtak;Etg )ankñúg)alICaedImfa Cati TVIhi xen§hi sgÁhita

¬Caticat;cUlCamYyxn§ 2¦ . eRbIkñ úgGtßfa nikay ¬BYk¦ )ankñúg

)alICaedImfa niKNßa nam smNCati ¬manBYksmN³ eQµaH

niRKnß¦ . eRbIkñ úgGtßfa bdisn§i ¬taMgKP’¦ )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa

yM matukucä iyM bzmM citþ M ]b,nñ M bzmM viBaØaNM )atuPUtM tTu)a-

Tay savsS Cati ¬bzmcitþ bzmviBaØaNÉNa ekItR)akdkñúgépÞ

mata karGaRs½ybzmcitþ bzmviBaØaNenaHekIt eQµaHfa Cati¦ .

eRbIkñúgGtßfa RtkUl )ankñúg)alICaedImfa Gkçietþa Gnubkuedæa Cati-

vaeTn ¬CaGñkEdleKminTas;Tal; minregáós eRBaHeBaldl;Cati

KW RtkUl¦} . eRbIkñúgGtßfa RbsUti )ankñúg)alICaedImfa sm,ti-


Caeta GannÞ eBaFisetþa ¬mñalGannÞ RBHeBaFistVRbsUtiehIyenA

kñ úgTIenaHÉg¦ . eRbIkñúgGtßfa PB )ankñúg)alICaedImfa ÉkMbi

Catw eTVbi Catieya ¬1 CatixøH 2 CatixøH¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH Cati

sBÞ Kb,IRCabfa eRbIkñ úgGtßfa PB Etmü:ag . eRBaHdUecñaH eTIb

manesckþIfa kñ úgCatimun KW kñúgPBmun GFib,ayfa kñúgGtþPaBmun

bnÞab;BIenH . k¾BaküenH CattiyaviPtþ i eRbIkñ úgGtßstþmIviPtþ i .

Baküfa mnusSelaek ¬kñúgmnusSelak¦ )andl; PB KW mnusS-

elak elakeBalsMedAdl;RkúgraCRKwH . kñúgTIenH elakbMNg

yk»kaselak . ÉcMENkstVelak elakeBaledayBaküfa

mnuesSsu ¬kñ úgBYkmnusS¦ enHehIy .

Baküfa GTÞsM ¬)aneXIj¦ )andl; eXIjehIy . Bakü

fa virCM ¬GñkR)ascakkielsdUcFUlI¦ )andl; eQµaHfa R)ascak

kielsdUcFUlI eRBaHelakR)ascakkielsdUcFUlI manraK³CaedIm .

kñúgBaküfa Pikçú M ¬Pikçú¦ eQµaHfa Pikçú eRBaHelakTmøaykielsehIy .

eQµaHfa vib,sSnñM ¬GñkpUrpg;¦ eRBaHelakmancitþpUrpg; ehtuminman


sPaBkkrl¥k;edaykiels . eQµaHfa GnavilM ¬minl¥k;¦ eRBaH

elakmanesckþItRmiHminesAhµg .

kñúgTIenH bTedIm² kñúgKafaenH CaBaküR)ab;ehturbs;bT

eRkay² ¬KW¦ eRBaHR)ascakkielsdUcFUlImanraK³CaedIm ¬nig¦

eRBaHTmøaykiels eTIbeQµaHfa Pikç ú . eRBaHTmøaykielsecj

)an eRBaHminmansPaBl¥k;edaykiels eTIbeQµaHfa GñkpUrpg; .

eRBaHCaGñkmancitþpUrpg;ehIy eTIbeQµaHfa minl¥k; . b¤fa bT

eRkay² CaBaküR)ab;ehturbs;bTmun² ¬KW¦ eQµaHfa GñkR)ascak

kielsdUcFUlI eRBaHRbkbedaykarCab;CMBak;kñúgKuNCaPikçú . eRBaH

CaGñkTmøaykiels)an eTIbeQµaHfa Pikç ú . eQµaHfa Pikç ú eRBaH

CaGñkpUrpg; . GñkmancitþpUrpg; eRBaHminmanPaBl¥k;edaykiels

eQµaHfa Pikçú . eQµaHfa GñkpUrpg; eRBaHCaGñkmantRmiHminl¥k; .

mü:ageTot ehAfa GñkR)ascakkielsdUcFUlI eRBaHminmankiels

dUcFUlI KW raK³ . ehAfa GñkpUrpg; eRBaHminmanPaBl¥k;eday

eTas³ . ehAfa minl¥k; eRBaHminmanesckþIvegVgedayemah³ .


Pikç úEbbenH eQµaHfa Pikç úedaybrmtß dUecñaH eTIbehAfa Pikç ú .

Baküfa GTashM EckBaküCa GTasw GhM ¬´>>> eTIb)anfVay¦ .

Baküfa bIzM ¬taMg¦ )andl; taMgd¾l¥ ¬PRTbidæ¦ EdlmanenAkñúg

sMNak;rbs;´kñ úgkalenaH . Baküfa bsnña ¬RCHføa¦ )andl;

mancitþRCHføa eRBaHeCOkñúgplkmµ nigeCOkñ úgRBHrtnRt½y . Bakü

fa sekhi )aNiPi¬1¦ ¬edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xø ÜnÉg¦ esckþIfa ´

mineRbIGñkdéT cat;EcgtaMgEdlKYrbeg¥ancUleTA edayédrbs;xøÜn

ehIyfVay .

kñúgKafaenH edayBaküfa PikçúGñkR)ascakkielsdUcFUlI Gñk

pUrpg; minl¥k; enH eTvtasMEdgextþsm,tþi . edayBaküfa pUrpg;

enH sMEdgdl;ectnasm,tþi . edayBaküfa edayédTaMg 2 rbs;

xø Ün enH sMEdgdl;beyaKsm,tþi ¬KWesckþIBüayam¦ . mYyeTot

edayBaküfa pUrpg; enH eTvtasMEdgdl;kar[ 2 Ebb KW [eday

eKarB 1 [edaymineFV InrNa[ekþARkhay 1 . edayBaküfa

1¦ bidk = eshi )aNihi .


edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xøÜn enH sMEdgdl;kar[ 2 Ebb KW [eday

éd 1 [edaybeg¥ankaycUleTArk 1 . edaykarRkalsMBt;

BN’elOg ¬elItaMg¦ edaydwgevlaEdl ¬RBHefr³¦ nwgKg; Kb,I

RCabfa eTvtasMEdgkar[ 2 Ebb KW [EbbeKarB 1 [tamkal

evla 1 . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalTukmunehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ttiybIzvimansURtTI 3

3


Gdðkza ctutæbIfvimansURtTI 4

{taMgvimanTI 4}

[4] ctutßbIzviman manBaküepþ Imfa bIzenþ evLúriymyM

¬EneTBFIta>>> tMagvimanEkvBiTUrürbs;nag¦ . sUm,IerOgctutßbIzviman

enH k¾ekIteLIgkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH . erOgenHKb,IRCabtamn½ydUcEdl

eBalmkehIykñ úgttiyvimanenaHÉg . BitehIy vimanEkvBiT Urü

EdlekItdl;eTvtasUm,IGgÁenH k¾eRBaHtaMgEdlnagRkaledaysMBt;

BN’exovfVayehIy . Baküd¾ess k¾dUcerOgEdleBalmkehIy

kñúgbzmviman . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßreTIbsYrfa

EneTvFIta GñkmankayRbdab;ehIy RTRTg;

mal½y RTRTg;P½®sþaPrN_d¾l¥s¥at taMgvimanEkvBiTUrü

rbs;nag»Lar rh½sdUccitþ eTA)antamR)afña nagman

BnøWpSayecjGMBIkaydUcepøkbenÞar júa MgTIbMputén

BBk[PøWc,as; .











fa

enHCaplkmµd¾tictYcrbs;´ EdlCaehtu[

´manGanuPaBrugeOgy:agenH kñúgCatimun kalekIt

CamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS kñúgmnusSelak .

´)aneXIjPikçúGñkR)ascakkielsdUcFUlI Gñk

pUrpg; minkkrl¥k; k¾RCHføa eTIb)anfVaytaMgcas;dl;

elak edayédTaMgBIrrbs;xøÜn .









k¾sUm,Ikñ úgerOgenH vimanEkvBiTUrü k¾ekIteLIgdl;eTvtasUm,I

GgÁenH k¾eRBaHtaMgEdlnagRkaledaysMBt;BN’exovfVayehIy .

eRBaHehtuenaH kñ úgerOgenH bIzvimanTI 4 eTIbeday)alICaedImfa

bIzenþ evLúriymyM ¬taMgvimanEkvBiTUrürbs;nag¦ dUecñH .

Baküd¾essmann½ydUcKñanwgbIzvimanTI 3 enaHÉg . esckþI

k¾Kb,IRCabtamn½yEdleBalehIykñúgbIzvimanTI 3 enaHdUcKña .

cb;Gdækfa ctutßviman TI 4 3


Gdðkza kuBa¢rvimansURtTI 5

{vimandMrI}

[5] kuBa¢rvimanEdlmanBaküepþ Imfa kuBa©era et vraeraeha

¬EneTBFIta>>> kuBa¢rBahn³d¾RbesIrrbs;nag¦ . kuBa¢rvimanenaH

ekIteLIgy:agNa?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAmhaevLúv½n sßanTIciBa© wmstVkEgðn

naRkúgraCRKwH . RKaenaH éf¶mYy mankarRbkaskarelgnkçtþbJkS

kñ úgRkúgraCRKwH GñkRkúgnaMKñasm¥atpø Úv )acxSac; eraypáaeQI man

laCpáaCaKRmb; 5¬1¦ tmál;edImeck nigqñaMTwkTukRKb;² TVarpÞH elIk

Tg;C½y nigTg;sMBt;CaedIm EdlRss;s¥atedayBN’cMruHtamEdl

rk)an . mnusSRKb;Kñatak;EtgRbdab;kaytamvtßúEdlxøÜnman elg

nkçtþbJkS . TUTaMgRkúgRtÚv)anRbdab;tak;EtgdUceTvnKr . RKaenaH

edIm,ICakarrkSaEbbburaN nigykcitþRbCaCn RBH)aTBim<isarmha-

1¦ vtßúmgÁlenH Rbkbeday 1> s,ÚvPøa Mg 2> Ggár 3> páamøiH 4> RKab;és< 5> laC ¬evsSnþrTIbnI nKrk½NÐ¦ .

-73- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ kuBa¢rvimansURtTI 5

raCeTIbesþcecjcakRBHraCnievsn_rbs;RBHGgÁ RTg;ecjRbTkSiN

RBHnKredayraCbrivarcMnYneRcIn edayraCanuPaBy:agFM edaysiri-

esaePaKümehaLarik .

sm½yenaH kUnRkmuMGñkmanRtkUlmñak; GñkRkúgraCRKwH eXIj

kardl;RBménsm,tþi siriesaPaKü nigraCanuPaBenaHrbs;RBHraCa

ekItesckþIGs©arüEdlminFøab;mankñúgcitþ eTIbsYrdl;BYkelakEdl

eKdwgfaCabNÐitfa {kardl;RBmedaysm,tþidUceTvbJT§×enH RBHraCa

RTg;man)anedaykmµGV Ihñ +} eKTaMgenaHR)ab;nagfa {Ennagd¾ceRmIn

FmµtabuBaØkmµdUcCaEkvcinþamNI b¤dUcCaedImkl,RBwkS kalextþ-

sm,tþi ¬RBHTkçieNyübuKÁl¦ nigectnasm,tþi ¬kartaMgcitþl¥¦ man

kñúgCnTaMgLayR)afñavtß úNaehIyeFV I vtßúenaHrEmgseRmcedayBit

mYyeTot PaBCaGñkmanRtkUlx<g;x<s; k¾)anedayGasnTan ¬fVay

Gasn³¦ kar)ansm,tþi KW mankmøaMgxøaMg k¾)anedayGnñTan ¬fVay

)ay¦ kar)ansm,tþi KW vNÑ³ k¾)anedayvtßúTan ¬fVaysMBt;¦ kar

)ansuxviess k¾)anedayyanTan ¬fVayyanBahn³¦ kar)annUv


sm,tþi KW ckçú k¾)anedayTIbTan ¬fVayRbTIb¦ kar)ansm,tþiRKb;

y:ag k¾)anedayGavasTan ¬fVayTIlMenA¦} . nagsþab;BaküenaH

ehIyeTIbKitfa {nwgR)afñaeTvsm,tþid¾»LarCagenH} ehIytaMgcitþkñúg

eTvsm,tþienaH ekIt]sSah_d¾xøa Mgkñ úgkareFV IbuNü .

matabitabBa¢ÚnsMBt;KUfµ I taMgfµI páabTum 1 kþab; nigTwkedaH

Rss; TwkXµú M dM usáretñat )ay nignMRss; mk[nagbriePaKeRbI

R)as; . nageXIjvtßúTaMgenaHk¾eRtkGrfa {eyIgbMNgnwgfVayTan

nigeyIgk¾)aneTyüFm’enHehIy} kñúgEs¥keLIg eTIbcat;EcgCaTan

tak;EtgmFu)ayasmanTwktic tak;Etgrbs;TMBarsuI nigrbs;briePaK

déTCaeRcIneTot [Cabrivarrbs;mFu)ayasmanTwkticenaH ehIy

)acrbs;RkGUbRtg;eragTan cat;EcgtaMgCaGasn³TukelIpáabTumTaMg

Layd¾Rss;s¥atedayRtbk cegáam nigbTumEdlrIkRbkbedayeksr

ehIyRkalGasn³edaysMBt;spÞaMgfµI dak;páabTum 4 Tg nig)ac;

páaTukeRkameCIgTaMg 4 rbs;Gasn³ RkalBidanTukelIGasn³ BüÜr

páakRmg nigrMeyal CuMvijGasn³k¾RkaleBjépÞTaMgGs;edayRtbk


bTumEdlmaneksr Kitfa {eyIgnwgbUCaRBHTkç ieNyübuKÁlEdl

mkdl;} eTIbtaMgeCIgBandak;páaeQIeBjTukenARtg;TImYykEnøg .

RKaenaH nagcat;EcgeRKÓg]bkrN_TaneRscehIy k¾gUtTwk

esøókdNþb;sMBt;s¥at eXIjfa dl;evlaehIy eTIbbBa¢ ÚnRsIbMerI

mñak;fa {nageTArkRBHTkçieNyüEdlmk[qan;pg} . sm½yenaH

RBHsarIbuRt EdldUcCaGñkdak;fg;RTBü 1>000 ¬khabN³¦ Tuk

¬sRmab;GñkmaneCaK Rtac;biNÐ)atenAkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH nimnþeTAkñúg

rvagpø Úv . xN³enaH ®sþIbMerIenaHfVaybgÁMRBHefr³ehIy eBalfa

{elakm©as;d¾ceRmIn sUmelakm©as;eR)as[)aRtrbs;elakmas;

dl;nag´cuH} nigfa {edIm,IGnue®KaH])asikamñak; sUmnimnþtampø Úv

enH} . RBHefr³k¾[)aRtdl;®sþIbMer IenaH . nagk¾nimnþRBHefr³[

cUleTAkan;pÞH . RKaenaH ®sþIenaHk¾ecjeTATTYlRBHefr³ cg¥úl

Gasn³ehIyeBalfa {eR)asKg;cuHelakm©as; enHCaGasn³Edl

cat;EcgTuk} kalRBHefr³Kg;elIGasn³ehIy kalnwgbUCaRBHefr³

edayRtbkpáabTumEdlmaneksr eTIbykmkerayCuMvijGasn³ fVay


bgÁMedaybBa©gÁRbtisßan GegáósmFu)ayasmanTwktic Edllay

edayTwkedaHRss; TwkXµú M nigsáretñat . mü:ageTot kalkMBug

Gegáós k¾eFV IesckþIR)afñafa {edayGanuPaBénbuNürbs;nag´enH

sUmmansm,tþiT iBVd¾Rss;s¥at edayblø½gápÞHkMBUldUcCadMrITiBVpg

cuH kñúgRKb;Cati sUmkuMxVHpáabTumeLIy} . RKaRBHefr³qan;eRsc

ehIy nageTIblag)aRt dak;TwkedaHRss; TwkXúM µ nigsáretñat[

eBjeTot ykpÞaMgsMBt;EdlRkaltaMgeFVICaeCIgRT)aRt ehIydak;

TukelIédRBHefr³ luHRBHefr³eFVIGnuemaTnaRtLb;eTAehIy eTIbbBa¢Ún

bursBIrnak;fa {GñkcUrnaM)aRtkñ úgédRBHefr³ nigblø½gáenHeTAvihar

CamYypg Kb,Ibeg¥anfVayRBHefr³ehIyswmRtLb; . bursTaMgBIr

nak;enaH k¾eFVIy:agenaH .

tmk ®sþIenaHsøab;ehIy k¾eTAekItkñúgvimanmaskMBs; 100

eyaCn_kñúgPBtavtwgS mannagGbSr 1>000 nak;Cabrivar . nigdMrI

d¾RbesIrkm<s; 5 eyaCn_ Rbdab;edaymal½ypáabTum Rss;s¥at

edayRtbk cegáam nigeksrénpáabTumedayCuMvij manrUbragKYrCaTI


eBjcitþ mansmösSTn; Rbdab;edaysMNaj;EdlCartn³eRcInRbePT

nigedayeRKÓgRbdab;masd¾rugerOg k¾ekIteLIgtamesckþIR)afñarbs;

nag . blø½gámaskm<s; 1 eyaCn_ RbkbedayesckþIs¥atd¾éRkElg

tamEdleBalehIy ekIteLIgelIdMr IenaH . nagkalesayTiBV-

sm,tþi )aneLIgkan;blø½gáEdlviciRtedayrtn³xagelIkuBa¢rvimanenaH

eTAkan;sYnnnÞnv½nCaRKa² edayGanuPaBeTvtad¾FM . BaküTaMgGs;

CaedImfa {tmk kñúgéf¶mehaRsBmYy kaleTvtaTaMgLaynaMKñaeTA

kan;nnÞnv½n edIm,IelgkñúgsYnedayGanuPaBCaTiBVrbs;xø Ün} k¾dUcCa

BaküEdlmkehIykñúgGdækfabIzvimanTI 1 enaHÉg . eRBaHdUecñaH

Kb,IRCabtamn½yEdleBalmkehIykñúgGdækfaenaHcuH . cMENkkñúg

kuBa¢rvimanenH RBHefr³sYrfa ?

EneTBFItaGñkmanvNÑ³dUcbTum manEPñkmUl

dUcRtbkbTum kuBa¢rBahn³d¾RbesIrrbs;nagRbdab;

edayrtn³eRcInRbePT KYrRsLaj; mankmøaMg

rh½srhYn Rtac;eTAkñ úgGakas)an .


dMrIRTRTg;nUvesckþIr ugerOg edaykRmgpáabTum

nig]b,l mankaylabln;eTAedayeksrbTum man

bTummasCakRmg edIrtampøÚvEdlRkaledaypáabTum

Rbdab;edayRtbkbTum eBldMeNIreTA vimanmas

minkeRmIkj½r .

kaldMrIQanedIr kNþwgmask¾bnøWsMeLgBIeraH

KYrmenarmü sMeLgKwkkgrbs;kNþwgTaMgenaH sþab;

Rsedognwgt®nþIRbkbedayGgÁ 5 .

nagmanB®sþaPrN_s¥at Rbdab;kayehIy

enAelIxñgdMrIenaH rugerOgknøgGbSrBYkFMedayvNÑ³ .

enHCaplrbs;Tan plrbs;sIl b¤plén

RkabsMBHrbs;nag GatµasYrnagehIy cUrR)ab;pl-

kmµenaHdl;GatµapgcuH .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH bTfa kuBa¢era et vraeraeha ¬dMrIvahn³

d¾RbesIrrbs;nag¦ esckþIfa eQµaHfa kuBa¢r eRBaHGPirmü eRtkGr


kñúgRClgPñM kñúgjkPñM b¤eRBaHB¤sMeLgekaBa©naT Rtac;enAkñúgTIenaH

b¤eFVI[dI KW épÞdIxUcxateRBaHkarRtdusCamYydIenaH . dMrIkñ úgmnusS-

elak EbgEckRbePTCadMrIPñMCaedIm cM:ENkdMrIenH ehAfa dMrI ¬kuBa¢r¦

k¾eRBaHdUcCadMrIkñúgevlaEdlCiHeTA . Bah³Na EdleKCiH ehtuenaH

Bah³enaH eQµaHfa Gaerah³ GFib,ayfa Bah³EdleKKb,ICiH .

Bah³CaCMniHd¾l¥ d¾elIs d¾RbesIr ehtuenaH eTIbeQµaHfa vraerah³

¬Bah³d¾RbesIr¦ . elakGFib,ayfa yand¾kMBUl . Baküfa

nanartnkb,ena ¬Rbdab;edayrtn³eRcInRbePT¦ esckþIfa rtn³

RbePTepSg² rbs;dMrITaMgenaHmanehIy ehtuenaH dMrITaMgenaHeQµaH

fa manrtn³epSg² )andl; eRKÓgRbdab;dMrImaneRKÓgRbdab;RtBg

CaedIm . eRKÓgseRmc eRKÓgcgrbs;dMrINa EdleKP¢ab;edayrtn³

TaMgenaH ExSdMrIenaHeQµaHfa Rbdab;edayrtn³ . eQµaHfa ruciera

¬KYrRsLaj;¦ eRBaH[nUvkareBjcitþ karGPirmü . GFib,ayfa

KYrrIkray . Baküfa famva ¬mankmøaMg¦ )andl; xøaMgkøa KW man

kmøaMg . Baküfa Cvsm,enña ¬snÞúH¦ )andl; manPaBrh½s .


elakGFib,ayfa elOnrh½s . Baküfa Gakasmði smIhti ¬Rtac;

eTAkñúgGakas)an¦ )andl; Rtac;eTAedayl¥kñúgGakas KW kñúgkNþal

evhas_ GFib,ayfa eTAmineFV I[GñkCiHkeRmIkj½r .

Baküfa bTumI ¬manvNÑ³dUcpáaQUk¦ )andl; eQµaHfa man

vNÑ³dUcpáaQUk eRBaHRbkbedayBN’sm,úrdUcqñaMg Edl)aneQµaH

fa páaQUk eRBaHmanBN’sm,úrdUcpáaQUk . Baküfa bTumbtþkçI

¬manEPñkdUcRtbkQUk¦ esckþIfa EneTBFItaGñkmanEPñkmUldUcCa

RtbkQUk . Baküfa bTumub,lCutin§era ¬RTRTg;nUvPaBrugerOg

edaybTum nig]b,l¦ )andl; eQµaHfa RTRTg;nUvPaBrugerOgdUc

kRmgpáabTum nig]b,l eRBaHRTRTg;TuknUvPaBrugerOgénpáabTum nig

]b,l edayeCatipSayeTAkñúgTIenaH² eRBaHCadMrIEdlmanragRbdab;

edaymal½y páabTum nigpáa]b,lEdlCaTiBV . Baküfa bTumcuNÑa-

PikiNÑegÁa ¬mankayd¾erayrayedayeksrbTum¦ )andl; manxøÜnEdl

edrdasCuMvijeTAedayRtbkpáa nigeksrbTum . Baküfa esavNÑ-

e)akçrmalva ¬manbTummasCamal½y¦ )andl; manPar³ KW mal½y


páaQUkmas .

bTfa bTumanustM mKÁM bTumbtþviPUsitM ¬edIrtampøÚvEdledr-

dasedaypáaQUk EdlRbdab;edayRtbk¦ RbkbesckþIfa dMrIedIreTA

tampøÚvEdledrdasedaypáaQUkxñatFM EdlRTnUveCIgdMrIRKb;² CMhan

nigRbdab;edayRtbkQUkTaMgenaH EdlBN’epSg² vileTA)anTaMg

xagenaHxagenH eRBaHtak;EtgTukCaBiess . Baküfa zitM ¬taMgenA¦

enH Caviessn³rbs;Baküfa mKÁM ¬pøÚv¦ . GFib,ayfa pøÚvEdlRbdab;

edayRtbkQUktaMgenAehIy . Baküfa vKÁú ERbfa Rss;s¥at .

BaküenHCakiriyaviessn³ . m GkSr eFVInaTIP¢ab;Bakü . Baküfa

GnuKÇati ¬minkeRmIk¦ KW minkeRmIkj½r . GFib,ayfa mineFVIkar

keRmIksUm,ItictYcdl;GñkGgÁúyxagelIxñgrbs;xøÜn . Baküfa mitM

¬lµµmRbmaN¦ )andl; nimµitehIy . GFib,ayfa QaneTA . kñúg

BaküenHmanesckþIdUecñHfa QaneCIgeTAl¥sa¥tdUcmas . n½ymü:ag

eTot Baküfa mitM ¬eTAlµmRbmaN²¦ elakGFib,ayfa ry³ ¬Qan¦

lµmRbmaN KW RbkbedayesckþIsmKYr minelOneBk minyWteBk .


Baküfa vareNa esµInwg htßI ¬dMrI¦ . BitehIy dMrIenaHelakehAfa

varN³ eRBaHkarBarsRtÚv nigkarBarvtßúEdlraraMgtampøÚv .

bTfa tsS bkámmansS esavNÑkMsa rtisSra ¬kalEdl

dMrIQanedIr kNþwgmask¾beBa©jsMeLgBIeraHKYrmenarmü¦ GFib,ay

fa rKaMgvg;dUc\nÞFnUmas KW dNþwgeFVIedaymasrbs;dMrIdUceBal Edl

kMBugedIr mansMeLgKYrrIkray mansMeLgKYrGPirmü mansMeLgKwk-

kgKYreBjcitþ EdlBüÜrehIyenaH . BitehIy kNþwgFM² eRcInry

eFVIedaymas Rbdab;edayEkvmNI nigEkvmukþa TMhMbu:nFugFM 2 xag

énxøÜndMrIenaH k¾lan;B¤eTAq¶ayGMBITIenaH² sMeLgKYrcab;citþ sMeLgB¤

xøaMgCagKn§BVEdlCMnajRbKMeTAeTot . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHefr³eTIb

eBalfa sMeLgKwkkgénkNþwgTaMgenaH )anB¤dUctUrüt®nþIRbkbeday

GgÁ 5 .

esckþIrbs;BaküenaH mandUecñHfa GñktUrüt®nþId¾Qøaselg

ePøgmanGgÁ 5 y:agenH KW Gatt³ ¬sÁr¦ vitt³ ¬sÁrsMePar¦ Gatt-

vitt³ ¬sÁrmanEs,ksgxag¦ Xn³ ¬rKaMg¦ susr³ ¬buI/ sgç¦ sMeLg

-83- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ kuB a¢rv imansURtTI 5

KwkkgERskke®Ba¢óv sMEdgEckecjCasMeLgTabx<s; eRBaHekIttam

sßan ¬TIekItsMeLg¦ sMeLgKwkkg BIeraHKYrRsLaj;y:agNa sMeLg

KwgkgénrKaMgmas KW kNþwgmasTaMgenaH k¾dUecñaH .

Baküfa naKsS ¬dMrI¦ )andl; dMrIsMxan; . Baküfa mhnþM

¬FM¦ )andl; eQµaHfa FM eRBaHFMedaysm,tþik¾man eRBaHFMedaycMnYn

k¾man . Baküfa GcärasgÇM ¬BYkRsIGbSr¦ )andl; BYkeTBkBaØa .

Baküfa veNÑn ¬edayvNÑ³¦ )andl; edayrUb . Baküfa TansS

¬Tan¦ )andl; buNüseRmcedayTan . Baküfa sIlsS ¬sIl¦

)andl; sIl KW karsRgÜm mankarsRgÜmpøÚvkayCaedIm . va sBÞ

mann½ydl;vtßúEdlmin)aneBalTukpg . elakrYmykcaritsIlEdl

min)aneBalTuk mankarfVaybgÁMCaedIm eday va sBÞenaH .

eTvtaGgÁenaH RtÚvRBHefr³sYry:agenHehIy eTIbeqøIybBaða .

edIm,IsMEdgesckþIenaH RBHFmµsgÁahkarcarü ¬GñkeFVIsgÁayna¦ TaMg

Lay eTIbeBalKafaTukdUecñHfa ?

eTvtaenaH RtÚvRBHmhaemaKÁløansYrehIy eRtkGr eTIb


eqøIyBaküsYr tamEdlelaksYry:agenHfa ?

Kafa ¬xaedIm¦ enH RBHFmµsgÁahkacarüCaGñkeBal . esckþI

rbs;KafaenaH mandUcEdl)anGFib,ayTukmunehIy .

KafateTAenH eTvtaCaGñkeBal

´)aneXIjRBHefr³Gñksm,ÚredayKuNFm’ Gñk

smøwgQan eRtkGrkñúgQan CaGñks¶b; )anfVay

Gasn³EdlRkaledaysMBt;erayedaypáa .

´manesckþIRCHføa eTIbykRtbkpáaQUk ¬Edl

enAsl;¦ Bak;kNþáaleTot erayTICuMvijGasn³eday

edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xøÜn .

pldUecñH CaplénkuslkmµenaHrbs;´ ´Ca

GñkBYkeTvtaskáar³ eKarBehIy .

GñkNamYyRCHføaehIy fVayGasn³dl;elak

EdlCaRBhµcarI GñkrYcputedayRbéB mans¶b;rm¶ab;

ehIy GñkenaHrEmgrIkray dUcCa´y:agenaH .


eRBaHehtuenaHÉg CnGñkRsLaj;xøÜn bMNg

nUvPaBCaFM eTIbKYrfVayGasn³ dl;elakEdlRTRTg;

nUvsrIr³CaGñkmanCaticugeRkaycuH ¬RBHGrhnþ¦ .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa KuNsm,nñM ¬Gñksm,ÚredayKuN¦

)andl; GñkRbkbedayKuNrbs;RBHsavkRKb;y:ag b¤bribUN’eday

KuNTaMgLayenaH . eTvtasMEdgsm,tþifñak;kMBUlrbs;savk)armI-

jaNedayBaküenH . Baküfa Qayw ¬GñksmøwgQan¦ )andl;

GñkmanRbRktIsmøwgQansUm,ITaMg 2 KW GarmµNUbniCÄan ¬smøwg

GarmµN_¦ lkçNUbniCÄan ¬smøwglkçN³¦ . n½ymü:ageTot Gñkdut

kielsEdlKYrdutedayQanenaH nigdutFm’EdlCacMENkénsgáiels

RKb;y:agehIysßitenA . eQµaHfa QanrtM ¬eRtkGrkñúQan¦ eRBaH

eRtkGrehIykñúgQanenaH² Ég . Baküfa stM ¬CaGñks¶b;¦ )an

dl; GñkmanehIy b¤Gñks¶b; . GFib,ayfa sb,úrs ¬mnusSl¥¦ .

Baküfa bu)öaPikiNÑM ¬erayedaypáaeQI¦ )andl; edrdasedaypáaeQI

TaMgLay . GFib,ayfa edrdasedayRtbkpáaQUkTaMgLay . bT


fa TusSsnßtM ¬EdlRkaledaysMBt;¦ )andl; yksMBt;RkalelI

Gasn³ .

Baküfa ]bDÆM bTummalahM¬1¦ ¬ykRtbkpáaQUk ¬EdlenA

sl;¦ Bak;kNþaleTot¦ )andl; ´ ¬eray¦ nUvpáaQUkBak;kNþal

eTot . Baküfa GasnsS smnþeta ¬edayTICuMv ijGasn³¦ )an

dl; Rtg;épÞCuMvijGasn³EdlRBHefr³Kg; . Baküfa GeBÖakirisSM ¬eray

raycuH¦ )andl; e)aHcuH KW eraycuHcMeBaH . GFib,ayfa ykRtbk

QUkénpáaQUkBak;kNþaleTotenaH mkEckCacMENk² ehIyeraycuH

TMngdUcCaePøógpáaFøak;cuHmk .

edayBaküenHfa \TM em |TisM plM ¬pldUecñH Capl>>>

rbs;´¦ eTvtarYmsMEdgTiBVsm,tþirbs;xøÜn EdlEckCa Gayu ys

sux nigrUbCaedIm EdlRBHefr³bBa¢ak; nigminbBa¢ak;edayBaküCaedIm

kuBa¢rBah³d¾RbesIrrbs;nag ehIyeTIbeBalBaküCaedImfa skáaera

Krukaera ¬eKeFVIskáar³ eKarB¦ edIm,IsMEdgGanuPaBrbs;xøÜn EdlRBH

bidk = 1¦ ]bDÆbTumalahM / 2¦ \TM em taTisM plM .


efr³min)anbBa¢ak;Tuk . edayBaküenaH eTvtasMEdgfa minEmnpl

buNürbs;´kñúgTIenH tamEdlelakm©as;eBalmkEtmü:agb:ueNÑaHeT

EdlBit enAmansUm,IGFibtITiBVenHpg . bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Bakü

fa skáaera ¬skáar³¦ )andl; kareFVIedayeGIeBI . GFib,ayfa

Pav³énxøÜnEdlBYkeTvtaKb,IeKarB . Baküfa Krukaera ¬eKarB¦ k¾dUc

Kña )andl; Pav³énxøÜnEdlBYkeTvtaKb,IeKarB . Baküfa eTvanM

¬BYkeTvta¦ )andl; EdlBYkeTvtaTaMgLay . Baküfa Gbcita

¬beg¥anehIy¦ )andl; ¬EdleK¦ bUCaehIy .

Baküfa smµavimutþanM ¬EdlrYcputedayRbéB¦ )andl; GñkrYc

putedayl¥ lHsgáiels)anGs;ehIy . Baküfa snþanM ¬Gñks¶b;

rm¶ab;ehIy¦ )andl; GñkmankmµpøÚvkay vaca citþ s¶b;rm¶ab;ehIy

KW mnusSl¥ . eQµaHfa RBhµcarinM ¬elakGñkCaRBhµcarI¦ eRBaH

RbRBwtþmKÁRBhµcarü nigsasnRBhµcarüehIy . Baküfa bsenña

GasnM TC¢a ¬RCHføaehIyfVayGasn³¦ )andl; CaGñkmancitþRCHføa

ehIy eRBaHeCOkñúgplkmµ nigeCOkñúgRBHrtnRt½y sUm,InwgfVayRtwmEt


Gasn³k¾eday . bTfa ÉvM nenÞ yfa GhM ¬GñkenaHKb,IrIkray

dUcCa´¦ esckþIfa sUm,IGñkdéTk¾Kb,IrIkraykñúgkal\LÚvenH dUcCa

´eRtkGrrIkray eRBaHkarfVayGasn³enaH .

Baküfa tsµa ¬eRBaHehtuenaH¦ )andl; edayehtuenaH .

hi sBÞ RtwmEtCani)at . Baküfa Gtþkaemn ¬CnGñkRsLaj;xøÜn¦

)andl; GñkRsLaj;RbeyaCn_dl;xøÜn . BitehIy GñkNaeFVIkmµ

EdlnaMRbeyaCn_mk[xøÜn mineFVIkmµEdlnaMvtßúminEmnCaRbeyaCn_ Gñk

enaHeQµaHfa RsLaj;xøÜn . Baküfa mhtþM ¬PaBCaFM¦ )andl;

PaBCaFMedayvi)ak . Baküfa srIrnþimFarinM ¬elakEdlRTRTg;nUv

srIr³manCaticugeRkay¦ )andl; GñkRTRTg;ragkaykñúgTIbMput KW RBH

xINaRsB . kñúgbTenH manBaküGFib,aydUecñHfa eTvtasMEdgfa

eRBaHehtuEdl´)anrIkrayedayTiBVsm,tþiy:agenH eRBaHfVayGasn³

dl;RBHGrhnþ dUecñaH sUm,IGñkdéTEdlR)afñaesckþIceRmInd¾éRkElg

dl;xøÜn k¾Kb,IfVayGasn³dl;RBHGrhnþGñkRTRTg;nUvragkaykñúgCati

cugeRkay buNüEdldUcCabuNüenHrEmgminman . Baküd¾essk¾dUc


KñanwgBakü)aneBalehIyTaMgGs;enaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa kuBa¢rvimansURtTI 5

3


Gdðkza bfmnavavimansURtTI 6

{TUkvimanTI 1}

[6] navavimanmanBaküepþImfa suvNÑcäTnM navM ¬EneTBnarI

nageLIgzitenAelInavaviman EdlRbk;edaymas¦ . vimanTUkenaH

ekIteLIgdUcemþc?

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñúgRkúgsavtßI PikçúcMnYn 16 rUb

caMvsSaenARtg;GavasCitRsúkmYykEnøg ecjvsSaehIy taMgcitþfa

{nwgKal;RBHmanRBHPaK ehIynwgsþab;Fm’} eTIbnaMKñaedIrpø ÚvsMedA

eTAkan;RkúgsavtßI kñ úgrdUvekþA . rvagpø ÚvknþarminmanTwk . kñúgpø Úv

knþarenaH PikçúTaMgLayRtÚvesckþIekþAduteral lM)akkay eRskTwk

min)anTwkpwk eTIbnaMKñaedIrcUleTAtMbn;mYykEnøg . kñúgtMbn;enaH

®sþImñak;kan;PaCn³sRmab;dak;Twk edIreq<aHeTAkan;GNþÚgTwkedIm,Idg

Twk . xN³enaH PikçúTaMgenaHRkeLkeXIjnag k¾Kitfa {ebIeTAkñúg

TIEdl®sþIenHedIreTA Gac)anTwkqan;} RtÚvesckþIeRskTwkbgÁab; k¾

naMKñaedIrEbmuxeTAkan;TisenaH eXIjGNþÚgTwk eTIbeTAQrminq¶ay

-91- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ bzmnavavimansURtTI 6

GMBI®sþIenaH . ®sþIenaH )anTwkGMBIGNþÚgenaHehIy bMNgnwgRtLb;

RkeLkeXIjPikçúTaMgenaH k¾dwgfa {PikçúTaMgenHeRskTwk RtÚvkarTwk}

eTIbsMEdgesckþIeKarBbeg¥anehIy nimnþ[qan;Twk . Pikç úTaMgenaH

k¾naMsMBt;RtgTwkecjGMBIesøak)aRt RtgTwkehIyk¾qan;TwkrhUtlµm

nwgesckþIRtÚvkar ykTwklabédeCIg[RtCak; eBalBaküGnuemaTna

kñ úgkarfVayTwkqan;dl;®sþIenaH ehIyecjeTA .

®sþIenaHk¾rkSabuNüenaHTukkñúgcitþ rBJkdl;buNüCaRKa² tmk

søab;ehIyeTAekItkñúgPBtavtwgS . edaybuBaØanuPaB vimanFMd¾Rss;

s¥at nigedImkl,RBwkS ekIteLIgdl;nag . sÞwgEdlmanTwkRtCak;

føas¥atdUcduMEkvmNI edrdasedayKMnrxSac; nigeqñrxSac;s hak;

dUcCaRbdab;edayR)ak; RbkbedaysMNaj;mukþa hUreTACu Mv ijviman

enaH . TIRcaMgTaMg 2 rbs;sÞwgenaH nigCitTVar]Tüan nigviman

ekItmanRsHe)akçrNIxñatFM Rbdab;edayKum<páaQUk 5 BN’ RBm

edayTUkmas . eTvtaenaHkalesayTiBVsm,tþikñ úgvimanenaH )an

rIkrayelgkñúgTUk . tmkéf¶mYy RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrRtac;eTAkan;


eTvcarikkñúgeTvelak eXIjeTBFItaGgÁenaH kMBugelgenAkñúgTUk kal

nwgsYrbuBaØkmµEdlnageFVI eTIbsYrfa ?

EneTBnarI nageLIgzitenAkñúgnavavimanEdl

Rbk;edaymas cuHkan;RsHe)akçrNI kac;páaQUk

edayéd .

kUdaKarnievsn_rbs;nag nimµitEckTukCacMENk

dUcCaeKvas; kalbeBa©jBnøW k¾Pø WeTAsBVTisTaMg

4 .


buNüGVI plenHeTIbseRmcdl;nag mYyeTot ePaK³

RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekItdl;nag? .


kalekItCamnusS nag)aneFVIbuNüGVITuk eRBaHbuNü

GVI nageTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH TaMgvNÑ³

rbs;nagk¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis? .


tmk edIm,IsMEdgRbkarEdleTvtaRtÚvRBHefr³sYrehIy eqøIy

BaküsYr RBHFmµsgÁahcarüeTIbeBalKafaenHfa ?

eTvtaenaH EdlRBHemaKÁløansYrehIy rIk

ray eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYr y:agenHfa

esckþIteTAenH CaBaküeqø Iyrbs;eTvta

kñúgCatimun kalekItCamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS

kñúgmnusSelak ´)aneXIjPikçúeRcInrUb EdllM)ak

kay eRskTwk eTIbxVl;xVayfVayTwkqan; .

CnNamYyxVl;xVayfVayTwkqan; dl;PikçúTaMg

LayEdllM)akkay eRskTwk sÞwgeRcInExSman

TwkRtCak; mansYn]TüaneQIpáaeRcIn manbuNÐrik

¬QUks¦ eRcIn rEmgekItmandl;CnenaH .

swÞgeRcInExS rEmgragrayhUrB½T§CM uv ijviman

enaHCaRbcaM sÞwgeRcInExSmanTwkRtCak; Rkaleday

xSac; manedImsVay edImra Mg edImc,ar edImRBIg


edImraCRBwkS edImRcenog ecjpáar IksÁúHsÁay .

CnGñkeFV IbuNüTukehIy rEmg)anvimand¾l¥

éRkeBk RbkbedayPUmiPaKdUecñaH l¥hµt;ct; enH

Cavi)akénkmµenaHÉg CnEdl)aneFVIbuNüTukehIy

rEmg)anpldUecñH .

kUdaKarnievsn_rbs;´ RtÚvnimµitEckTukdUceK

vas;eday manBnøWr ugerOgCu Mv ijkñúgTisTaMg 4 .


buNüenaH plenHeTIbseRmcdl;´ mYyeTot ePaK³

RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekItdl;´ .

bBiRtPikç úGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn ´sUmR)ab;

dl;elak kalekItCamnusS ´)aneFVIbuNüNaTuk

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH

TaMgvNÑ³rbs;´k¾Pø wc,as;sBVTis .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa suvNÑcäTnM ¬EdlRbk;edaymas¦


)andl; eQµaHfa dMbUlRbk;edaymas eRBaHxagkñúg)aMgedayCBa¢aMg

TaMg 2 xag EdleFVIedaymasBN’Rkhmqøak;y:agviciRt nigeRBaHbiT

xagelIedayeRKÓgRbdab;eFVIGMBImas rugerOgedayrtn³epSg² . bT

fa navM ¬navaviman¦ )andl; TUk ¬e)at³¦ . BitehIy TUkenaHeQµaH

fa e)at³ eRBaHqøgeTAGMBIeRtIyenHeTAkan;eRtIyenaH . mYyeTot

elakehAfa nava eRBaHnaMstVeTA . Baküfa nari ¬eTBnarI¦ CaBakü

ehA ¬saksYr¦ ehAeTvFItaGgÁenaH . GñkNarEmgnaM rEmgnaMeTA

ehtuenaH GñkenaHeQµaHfa nr³ ¬GñknaMeTA¦ )andl; burs . dUc

Ca stVGñkekItCaRbRktICadMbUg RtÚvehAfa burs eRBaHGtßfa Ca

GñkenAelImnusSRbRktICadMbUg eRBaHGtßfa RbesIr y:agNa stV

RtÚvehAfa nr³ k¾eRBaHGtßfa naMeTA dUecñaH . BitehIy buKÁl

sUm,ICabuRt b¤b¥ ÚnRbús k¾taMgenAkñúgzan³bitarbs;mata nigBYkbg

RsI)an . mincaM)ac;niyaydl;buKÁlEdlCasVamI . ®sþIenaHCa

rbs;nr³ ehtuenaH eTIbehAfa narI . k¾Baküfa narIenH CaBakü

ehACab;mat;eRbICamYy®sþIEdlCamnusS sUm,I®sþIBYkdéT ¬dUceTvta¦


k¾ehAfa narI )an . Baküfa »Kahsi e)akçrNw¬1¦ ¬cuHkan;RsH

e)akçrNI¦ esckþIfa kñúgkalpáaeQIekItkñúgTwk dUcCaQUkRkhm QUk

exov Capáartn³ maneRcInRbePT eRBaHenAkñ úgTwk eTvFItaenaHeTIb

cuHeTAkan;RsHTiBV Edl)aneQµaHfa e)akçrNI eRBaHedayeRcIn kñúg

enaHmanbTumTiBV EdleKehAfa e)akçr³ ¬QUk¦ . Baküfa bTumM

qinÞsi )aNina ¬kac;páaQUkedayéd¦ esckþIfa nagkac;edayéd

rbs;nag k¾eRBaHbMNgnwgeFV IpáaQUkTiBV EdlmanTgCaR)ak; man

kNþab;søwkCaEkvbusSraK ¬EkvBN’elOg¦ manRsTab; nigeksrén

RtbkCamas [CakBa© M úpáaQUkd¾Rss;s¥at .

Baküfa tsiet ¬eRskTwk¦ )andl; R)afñaTwk . Baküfa

kilenþ ¬lM)akkay¦ )andl; mankaylM)ak eRBaHeRskTwkenaH

nigeRBaHht;enOykñúgkaredIrpøÚvq¶ay . Baküfa ]dæay ¬xVl;xVay¦

)andl; eFVIesckþIRbwgERbgBüayam . GFib,ayfa minx¢ilRcGUs .

edayBaküfa eya ev ¬CnNamYy¦ CaedIm eTvtakalnwg

1¦ bidk = OKaL$si e:k¡rNw .


sMEdgviFIGnumanvtßúEdlmineXIjCamYyvtßúEdleXIjfa sUm,ICnBYk

déTk¾rEmg)anpldUecñH eRBaHbuNüEdlekItGMBIkarEdlfVayTwk Ca

edImehtu dUcCa´ eTIbeBaleqøIyRbsñarEdlRBHefr³sYrCaesckþI

TUeTA . bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa tsS ¬énkmµenaH¦ nigBakü

fa tM ¬enaH¦ rEmg)anesckþIsUm,Idl;GñkeFVIbuNütamEdleBalmk

ehIypg .

Baküfa Gnubriynþi ¬hUrB½T§CuMvij¦ )andl; B½T§CuMvijtamsmKYr

edayeLamB½T§CM uvijsßanTIenArbs;GñkenaH sUm,IGñkenaHk¾RtÚveLam-

B½T§pg . Baküfa tilka ¬edImraMg¦ )andl; edImeQImYyRbePT

EdlmanpáaRsedolpáacm,ar . Baküfa ]TÞalka ¬edImraCRBwkS¦

)andl; edImeQIEdlBüa)aleraKxül;cab; EdleKehAfa eménedIm

eQI ¬raCRBwkS¦ k¾man .

Baküfa tM PUmiPaeKhi ¬edayPUmiPaKdUecñaH¦ )andl; eday

cMENkénEpndIdUecñaH . GFib,ayfa edayPUmiRbeTsEdlmanRsH

e)akçrNI sÞwg nig]Tüan dUceBalehIy . Baküfa ]ebtrUbM ¬Rbkb¦


)andl; RbkbedayPaBCavimanEdlKYrsresIr . GFib,ayfa Ca

sßanTIKYrmenarmü eRBaHmanRsHe)akçrNICaedImTaMgenaH . Baküfa

PusesaPmanM ¬l¥éRkeBk¦ )anesckþIfa )anvimand¾RbesIrbMput

d¾rugerOgéRkeBk . Baküd¾ess mann½ydUcEdleBalehIyenaH

Ég .

cb;Gdækfa bzmnavavimansURtTI 6

3

-99- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ TutiynavavimansURtTI 7

Gdðkza TutiynavavimansURtTI 7

{TUkvimanTI 2}

[7] TutiynavavimanmanBaküepþImfa suvNÑcäTnM navM ¬En

eTBnarI nageLIgzitenAkñúgnavaviman EdlmandMbUlRbk;edaymas¦

vimanenaHekIteLIgdUcemþc ?

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñúgRkúgsavtßI RBHefr³xINaRsB

mYyrUb kaldl;éf¶nwgcUlvsSa bMNgnwgcaMvsSavtþCitRsúkenaH

eTIbecjcakRkúgsavtß I edIrpø Úvq¶ayeRkayqan;GaharehIy manmux

eq<aHeTAkan;RsúkenaH lM)akkay eRskTwk eRBaHedIrpøÚvenOyht;

mkdl;tMbn;mYykEnøgkñúgcenøaHpø Úv mineXIjsßanTIEdlmanmøb;eQI

nigTwkenAxageRkARsúk RtÚvmanesckþIenOyht;RKbsgát; eTIbXøúMcIvr

cUleTAkan;Rsúk QrRtg;TVarpÞHmYyxñgCit² enaHÉg . enApÞHenaH

®sþImñak;eXIjRBHefr³ eTIbsYrfa {elakm©as;mkGMBINa} dwgfa elak

nimnþpøÚvq¶ay nigeRskTwk eTIbeBalfa {mkcuHelakm©as;} ehIy

nimnþ[cUleTAkan;pÞH eBalfa {nimnþKg;Rtg;enHelakm©as;} ehIy


RkalGasn³fVay . kalRBHefr³Kg;elIGasn³enaHehIy nagk¾

fVayTwklageCIg nigeRbglabeCIg kan;pø itsøwketñatbk;fVay .

kalGakarekþAs¶b;ehIy nag)anRbeKnTwk)an³d¾Ep¥mRtCak;mankø in

RkGUbfVay . RBHefr³qan;Twk)an³enaHehIy )at;karenOyht;ehIy

eTIbeFV IGnuemaTnaehIycakecjeTA . tmkxageRkay nagsøab;eTA

)aneTAekItkñúgPBtavtwgS . erOgTaMgGs;Kb,IRCabfa dUcKñanwgviman

munenaHÉg . sUm,Ikñ úgKafak¾minmanGVIfµ I .

eRBaHehtuenaH RBHFmµsgÁahcarüeTIbeBalfa ¬RBHmha-

emaKÁløanefr³sYrfa ¦


Rbk;edaymas cuHkan;RsHe)akçrNI kac;páaQUk

edayéd kUdaKarnievsn_rbs;nag nimµitEckTukCa

cMENkdUcCaeKvas; kalbeBa©jBnøW k¾PøWsBVT is

TaMg 4 .









eTvtaenaH EdlRBHemaKÁløansYrehIy rIk

ray eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYr y:agenHfa

kñúgCatimun kalekItCamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS

kñúgmnusSelak ´)aneXIjPikçúmYyrUb EdllM)ak

kay eRskTwk eTIbxVl;xVayfVayTwkqan; .

CnNamYyxVl;xVayfVayTwkqan; dl;PikçúmYy

rUbEdllM)akkay eRskTwk sÞwgeRcInExSmanTwk

RtCak; mansYn]TüaneQIpáaeRcIn manbuNÐrik

¬QUks¦ eRcIn rEmgekItmandl;CnenaH .

-102- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa x uT Þknikay v imanvtßú



xSac; manedImsVay edImra Mg edImc,ar edImRBIg edImraCRBwkS edImRcenog ecjpáar IksÁúHsÁay .




rEmg)anpldUecñH .



RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekItdl;´ .




TaMgvNÑ³rbs;´ k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .


kñúgvimanenH manBakü ¬Ebøk¦ KW CaRBHefr³mYyrUb ¬eRkABI

enaH¦ minmankñ úgGdækfaTaMgLay ¬Edlknøgmk¦ .

cb;Gdækfa TutiynavavimansURtTI 7

3


Gdðkza ttiynavavimansURtTI 8

{TUkvimanTI 3}

[8] ttiynavavimanmanBaküepþImfa suvNÑcäTnM navM ¬En

eTBnarI nageLIgzitenAkñ úgnavaEdlRbk;edaymas¦ vimanenaHekIt

eLIgdUcemþc ?

RBHd¾manRBHPaKesþccarikeTAkñ úgCnbT RBmCamYyPikçúBYkFM

esþcyagdl;RsúkRBahµN_eQµaHfUN³ kñúgEdnekasl . BYk

RBahµN_ KhbtIGñkRsúkfUN³ RCabdMNwgfa {B¤fa RBHsmN-

eKatmesþcyagdl;extþrbs;BYkeyIgehIy} . RKaenaH RBahµN_

KhbtIGñkRsúkfUN³EdlminRCHføa yl;xus kMNaj; KitKñafa

{ebIRBHsmNeKatmcUlRsúkenH Rbfab; 2-3 éf¶ k¾nwgKb,IeFVICn

TaMgGs;enH[enAkñúgBakürbs;RBHGgÁ tBIenaH RBahµNFm’ ¬sT§i-

RBahµN_¦ k¾nwgmin)anTIBwg ¬Gñk]btßmÖ¦} eTIbnaMKñaxVl;xVaymin[

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgRsúkenaH naMKñanaMT UkEdleKctTukRtg;

kMBg;TwkecjeTA ¬min[qøg¦ eFVIs<an nigpøÚvqøg[eRbIkarmin)an eFVI

-105- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ T utiynavavimansURtTI 7

Twkpwk[l¥k;eRbIR)as;min)andUcKña . ykesµACaedImlubGNþÚgTwk

déT² kñúgRsúk[eBj ehIybiTecal evorElgEtGNþÚgmYy .

dUcBakükñúgKm<Ir]Tanfa {RKaenaHÉg RBahµNKhbtIGñkRsúkfUN³

naMKñaykesµA nigcMebIg lubGNþÚgTwkrhUtdl;mat;GNþÚg eday

bMNgfa kuM[smN³RtegalTaMgenaH)anTwkpwkeLIy} .

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;RCabkareFV IminRtÚvrbs;GñkTaMgenaH RTg;

GaNitBYkeK eTIbRBmedayPikçúBYkFM qøgsÞwgeTAtampøÚvGakas esþc

yageTAdl;fUN³RBahµNRKamtamlMdab; RTg;eKcecjGMBIpøÚv Rbfab;

Kg;elIGasn³EdleKRkalfVayTukRtg;Kl;eQImYyedIm . sm½y

enaH ®sþIdgTwkCaeRcIn edIrqøgeTAminq¶ayGMBIRBHmanRBHPaK . kñúg

RsúkenaH manktikataMgTukfa {ebIRBHsmNeKatmesþcyagmkkñúg

TIenH minRtÚveFV IkarTTYlRBHGgÁCaedIm kalRBHsmNeKatm nig

BYksavkmkdl;pÞH k¾minRtÚvfVaysUm,IEtGahar} .

TasIrbs;RBahµN_mñak;kñ úgRsúkenaH kan;k¥mTwkedIreTA CYb

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;Kg; EhhmedayBYkPikç ú dwgfa BYkPikúçlM)ak

-106- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa x uTÞknikay vimanvtßú

kay eRskTwk eRBaHenOyht;edaykaredIr mancitþRCHføa R)afñanwg

fVayTwkqan; eTIbseRmccitþfa {sUm,Ifa BYkGñkRsúkTaMgenHnwgtaMg

ktikaTukfa minRtÚvfVayvtßúNa minRtÚveFVIsamIcikmµdl;RBHsmN-

eKatm sUm,Ikñ úgkaldUecñaH RbsinebIeyIg)anTkçieNyübuKÁlEdl

CabuBaØextþdUecñHehIy mineFV IT IBwgdl;xø Ün sUm,IRtwmEtfVayTwkqan;

esat kalNahñ+ eyIgnwgrYcputcakCIvitlM)akenH)an sUm,IecAhVay

rbs;eyIg nigBYkGñkRsúkTaMgenaH nwgsmøab; nwgcgeyIgk¾tamEt

citþBYkeKcuH eyIgnwgfVayTwkqan;kñúgbuBaØextþdUecñH[)an} sUm,IRtÚv

®sþIdgTwkdéT² hamR)am k¾minsþaydl;CIvit dak;k¥mTwkcuHGMBI

sIs³ pÁgedayédTaMg 2 ehIydak;cuHRtg;TIsmKYrmYy ekItbIti

esamnsS cUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK fVaybgÁMedaybBa©gÁRbtisßan

nimnþRTg;esayTwk . RBHd¾manRBHPaK RTg;eXIjcitþRCHføarbs;nag

kalnwgRTg;GnueRKaHdl;nag eTIbRTg;TTYlTwk RTg;lagRBHhsþ nig

RBH)aT ehIyesayTwk . Twkkñ úgk¥mmin)anGs;eTAeLIy . nag

eXIjehIymancitþRCHføa eTIb)anfVaydl;Pikç úmYyrUbeTot )anfVay


dl;Pikç údéT² rhUtRKb;GgÁ Twkk¾min)anGs; . nagrIkrayeRtkGr

ykk¥mEdlmanTwkeBjdUcedIm edIrsMedAeTAkan;pÞH . RBahµN_Edl

CaecAhVaynayrbs;nagdwgfa nagfVayTwkpwk eTIbxwgeRkaFCaxøaMg

ERsksMeLgxøaMg² fa {®sþIenHTmøayc,ab;rbs;RsúkenHehIy eyIg

RtÚveKdiHedoledayBit} eTIbTHTat;nagrhUtdYleTAelIEpndI . eRBaH

GMeBIenaH nag)anGs;CIvit eTAekItkñúgPBtavtwgS . vimank¾ekIteLIg

dUcKñaEdleBalTukkñ úgbzmvimandl;nag .

RKaenaHÉg RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;ehARBHGannÞmk Rtas;bgÁab;

fa {mñalGannÞ cUrnaMT wkGMBIGNþÚgmk[tfaKt} . RBHefr³TUl

fa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn \LÚvenH GNþÚgTwkRtÚvBYkGñkfUN³ eFVI

[xUcehIy minGacnaMTwkmkfVay)aneTRBHGgÁ} . RBHmanRBHPaK

RTg;eRbICaelIkTI 2 elIkTI 3 . kñúgelIkTI 3 RBHefr³kan;yk

)aRtrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK edIreq<aHeTAkan;GNþÚgTwk kalRBHefr³

kMBugedIreTA TwkkñúgGNþÚgk¾eBjhUreTAedayCuMvij . esµA nigcMebIg

TaMgGs;k¾GENþteTAÉg . TwkEdlhUrenaH k¾epþImx<s;eLIg² rhUt


Cn;licTIdéT² CuMvijRsúkenaH . BYkRBahµN_eXIj)adiharüenaH

k¾ekItGs©arükñúgcitþEdlminFøab;man eTIbsUmxmaeTascMeBaHRBHman-

RBHPaK . TwkCMnn;k¾vinaseTAmYyrMeBc . RBahµN_TaMgenaH cat;

EcgsßanTIenAsRmab;RBHmanRBHPaK nigBYkPikçú nimnþedIm,Iesaykñúg

éf¶Es¥k luHRBwkeLIg k¾cat;mhaTan GegáósBYkPikç úmanRBHBuT§Ca

RbFan edayrbs;TMBar nigrbs;qan;d¾RbNIt . RBahµNKhbtI

GñkRsúkfUN³RKb;² Kña cUleTAGgÁúyKal;Cit² RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;

esayeRsc dkRBHhsþecjGMBI)aRtehIy . sm½yenaH eTvta

GgÁenaHBicarNasm,tþirbs;xøÜnsareLIgvij dl;ehtuénsm,tþienaH

k¾dwgehtuenaHfa {Ca)anIyTan ¬fVayTwkpwk¦} k¾ekItbItiesamnsS

Kitfa {eNðIycuH eyIgnwgfVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaKkñúgkal\LÚvenH

Ég} nigeFV IRbkarénskáar³sUm,ItictYc kñ úgelakGñkbdibtþiRbéB k¾

manpld¾»Lar [R)akd ¬[eKdwg¦ kñúgmnusSelak} eTIbekIt]sSah³

manRsIGbSr 1>000 CabrivarRBmTaMgviman EdlRbkbeday]Tüan

CaedIm mkedayeTvbJT§× edayeTvanuPaBd¾FM TaMgEdlBYkmhaCnk¾


)aneXIjRKb;² Kña cuHGMBIviman cUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK fVay

bgÁMehIy QrpÁgGBa¢lI . RKaenaH RBHmanRBHPaKmanRBHbMNg

nwgRbkasplkmµ[RbckSdl;bris½TenaH eTIbRtas;sYreTvtaGgÁenaH

eday 4 Kafafa ?


Rbk;edaymas cuHkan;RsHe)akçrNI kac;p áaQUk

edayédehIy .

kUdaKarnievsn_rbs;nag RtÚvnimµ itEckTukCa

cMENkdUcCaeKvas; kalbeBa©jBnøW k¾PøWsBVT is

TaMg 4 .

eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmanvNÑ³dUecñH eRBaH buNüGVI plenHeTIbseRmcdl;nag mYyeTot ePaK³


EneTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn tfaKtsUmsYrnag





RBHsgÁItikacarüeBalfa

eTvtaenaH EdlRBHsmµasm<úT§Rtas;sYrehIy

rIkray eTIbTUlR)ab;plkmµtamEdlRtas;sYr y:ag

enHfa

KafaEdleTvtaeBaltby:agenHfa

kñ úgCatimun kalekItCamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS

kñúgmnusSelak ´)aneXIjPikçúeRcInrUb lM)akkay

eRskTwk eTIbxVl;xVayfVayTwkqan; .

CnNamYyxVl;xVayfVayTwkqan; dl;PikçúTaMg

LayEdllM)akkay eRskTwk sÞwgeRcInExSman

TwkRtCak; mansYn]TüaneQIpáaeRcIn manbuNÐrik

¬QUks¦ CaedIm rEmgekItmandl;CnenaH .




xSac; manedImsVay edImra Mg edImc,ar edImRBIg edImraCRBwkS edImRcenog ecjpáar IksÁúHsÁay .




rEmg)anpldUecñH .

kUdaKarnievsn_rbs;´ RtÚvnimµitEckCacMENk

dUceKvas; kalbeBa©jBnøW k¾Pø WsBVTisTaMg 4 .



RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekItdl;´RBHGgÁ .

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:ag

enH TaMgvNÑ³rbs;´k¾PøWc,as;sBVTis enHCaplén

kmµenaHrbs;´ eRBaHRBHBuT§GgÁRTg;esayTwk edIm,I


RbeyaCn_dl;´RBHGgÁedayBit .

kñúgKafaenaH kñ úgevlaEdlRBHBuT§Rtas;sYr eTvtaGgÁenaH

min)aneLIgkan;TUkenaH min)ancuHkan;RsHe)akçrNI TaMgmin)ankac;

páaQUkk¾Bit sUm,IdUecñaH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;EckkareFV IenaHecj

mk edayRTg;eXIjfa eTvtaRtÚvGanuPaBrbs;kmµdas;etOn eBjcitþ

ehIykñúgTwkerOy² eTIbeFVIy:agenaH . nigRbkardUecñH Kb,IRCabfa

minmankñ úgvimanTI 3 enHÉg kñúgvimant² eTA k¾dUecñHEdr .

Baküfa kUdaKara ¬kUdaKar¦ )andl; manRKwhasn_Cab;nwg

CBa¢a MgEdleFVIedaymas . Baküfa nievsa ¬nievsn_¦ )andl;

TIenA . GFib,ayfa TIenAcMENkxøÜn . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHman-

RBHPaKeTIbRtas;fa viPtþa PaKesa mita ¬RtÚvnimi µtEckTukdUceK

vas;¦ . BitehIy TIenATaMgenaHCasala 4 xñg EbkGMBIKña ¬Et¦

emIleTAdUcCaRcLM dUcRtÚvkMNt;Tuk eRBaHmanxñatbu:nKña . Bakü

fa TTÞlømana ¬kalbeBa©jBnøW¦ )andl; PøWrugerOgéRkElg . bT

fa GaPnþi ¬k¾Pøw¦ )andl; BnøWPøWsVag edaybNþajrsµImasbNþÚl

-113- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ T utiynavavimansURtTI 7

CaEkvmNI . edayBaküfa Pikç Ú ¬PikçúeRcInrUb¦ eTvtaeBalsMedA

dl;BYkPikç úEdlmanRBHBuT§CaRbFan .

Baküfa mm ¬rbs;´m©as;/ dl;´m©as;¦ enH eRbITaMgkñúg

RbeyaKmun nigRbeyaKeRkay . RbkbesckþIkñúgBaküenHy:agenH

fa {¬pl¦ énkmµrbs;´m©as; edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl;´m©as;} . Bakü

fa ]TkM G)ayi ¬esayTwk¦ eTvtaeBaldl;karfVayTwkenHNa

TiBVsm,tþ ienHk¾CaplénbuBaØkmµenaH . eRBaHRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Ca

TkçieNyübuKÁld¾RbesIrkñúgelak RBmTaMgeTvelak )anesayTwk

Edl´m©as;fVayehIy k¾edIm,IRbeyaCn_dl;´m©as; . Baküd¾ess

mann½ydUceBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

RBHmanRBHPaK kalRTg;eFVIFmµeTsna[CasamukkgSikeTsna

RTg;elIkeLIgsMEdgedayRBHGgÁÉg eTIbRTg;Rbkassc©³ 4 dl;

eTvtaGñkmancitþRCHføaehIy edayRbkardUecñH . evlacb;eTsna

eTvtaGgÁenaH )antaMgenAkñ úgesatabtþipl . RBHFm’eTsna)anCa


RbeyaCn_dl;bris½TEdlmkRbCuMKña dUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa ttiynavavimansURtTI 8

3

-115- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ bTIbvimansURtTI 9

Gdðkza bTIbvimansURtTI 9

{vimanrbs;®sþIGñkfVayRbTIb}

[9] bTIbvimanmanBaküepþ Imfa GPikáen þn veNÑn ¬EneTB-

FIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ bTIbvimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa ?

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgRkúgsavtß I kñ úgéf¶]e)asf

BYk])ask])asikacMnYneRcInrkSa]e)asf munGahar k¾fVayTantam

smKYrdl;vtß úEdlman briePaKGaharGMBIRBwk esøókdNþb;sMBt;

s¥at)at kan;eRKÓgRkGUb nigpáaeQICaedIm eTAkan;vihareRkay

evlaGahar cUleTArkPikç úEdlKYreKarBrab;Gan evlal¶ack¾sþab;

Fm’ kal])ask])asikaTaMgenaHenAkñúgvtþ kMBugsþab;Fm’ RBHGaTitü

k¾lic esckþIggwtk¾RKbdNþb; . kñúgcMnYn®sþITaMgenaH ®sIþmñak;Kit

fa {smKYrGuCRbTIbkñúgkal\LÚvenH} dUecñHehIy eTIbeTAnaMeRKÓg

RbTIbmkGMBIpÞHrbs;xø Ün duteLIg taMgTukxagmuxFmµasn³ ehIy

sþab;Fm’ . edayRbTIbTanenaH nagk¾eRtkGr ekItbItiesamnsS

fVaybgÁMehIyk¾RtLb;eTApÞH . luHtmk nagsøab;ehIy eTAekItkñúg


vimanEkvmNIeCati kñ úgPBtavtwgS . nagmanragkayd¾Rss;s¥at

manrsµIPøWl¥ pSayeTAkan;TisTaMg 10 RKbsgát;eTvtaGgÁdéT² .

BaküTaMgGs;Edlfa {tmkéf¶mYy RBHmhaemaKÁløanRtac;carikeTA

kñ úgeTvelak} dUecñH Kb,IRCabtamn½yEdleBalehIyenaHÉg .

EtkñúgbTIbvimanenH RBHefr³sYreday 4 Kafafa

EneTBFIta nagmanvNÑ³l¥ manBnøWpSayeTA

kan;TisTaMgBYg dUcCapáayRBwk .



RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ ekIteLIgdl;nag ?

EneTBFIta eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmanrsµI

R)ascakmnÞil rugerOgéRkElg eRBaHbuNüGVI RKb;

TiseTIbPøWsVagcakGMBIcMENkénragkayrbs;nag ?

EneTBFIta manGanuPaBeRcIn GatµasUmsYr

nag kalekItCamnusS nag)aneFVIbuNüGVI eRBaH


buNüGVI nageTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH TaMg

vNÑ³rbs;nagk¾Pø WsVagsBVTis ?

eTvtaenaH RtÚvRBHmhaemaKÁløansYrehIy

mancitþeRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plénkmµtamEdlelak

sYr y:agenHfa

eTvtaeBaltbfa

kñúgCatimun RKaekItCamnusS kñúgBYkmnusS

kñúgmnusSelak ´)andutRbTIbfVay kñúgevlaggwt

kñ úgRKaEdlKYrdutRbTIb .

CnNadutRbTIbfVaykñúgkal EdlKYrdutRbTIb

kñúgevlaggwt vimank¾manrsµIr ugerOg mansYnpáaeQI

eRcIn manbuNÐrik ¬QUks¦ eRcIn rEmgekItman

dl;CnenaH .




RKb;y:agCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekIteLIgdl;´ .

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbCaeTvtamanrsµIR)as

cakmnÞil rugerOg eRBaHbuNüenaH RKb;T iseTIbPø W

sVagcakcMENkRKb;y:agénragkayrbs;´ .

bBiRtPikç úmanGanuPaBeRcIn ´sUmR)ab;dl;


buNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH TaMg

vNÑ³rbs;´ eTIbPø WsVagsBVTis .

bNþabTTaMgenaH kñ úgbTfa GPikáenþn veNÑn ¬manvNÑ³

l¥¦ enH GPikánþ³ sBÞ mkkñúgGtßfa knøgeTA )ankñ úg)alICaedIm

fa GPikánþa Penþ rtþ i nikçenþa bzema yaema ¬bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾cMerIn

raRtIGs;eTAehIy bzmyamknøgeTAehIy¦ . mkkñúgGtßfa l¥

)ankñ úg)alICaedImfa GyM \emsM ctun ñM buKÁlanM GPikánþtera c

bNIttera c ¬buKÁlenHl¥Cag RbNItCag buKÁl 4 BYkTaMgenH¦

mkkñúgGtßfa KYreRtkGr )ankñúg)alICaedImfa GPikánþM Penþ GPikánþM


Penþ ¬KYreRtkGréRkElg RBHGgÁ KYreRtkGréRkElg RBHGgÁ¦ .

mkkñúgGtßfa s¥at )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa GPikáenþn veNÑn sBVa

»PasyM Tisa ¬manvNÑ³l¥ BnøWpSayeTARKb;Tis¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTI

enH Kb,IeXIjfa mkkñúgGtßfa s¥at Etmü:ag eRBaHdUecñaH Baküfa

GPikáenþn ¬l¥éRkElg¦ )andl; s¥atéRkElg KYreBjcitþéRkElg

GFib,ayfa Rss;s¥aty:agéRkElg . Baküfa veNÑn ¬manvNÑ³¦

)andl; manBN’sm,úr . Baküfa »Paesnþi Tisa sBVa ¬júa Mg

TisTaMgBYg[PøW¦ )andl; Pø WTUeTATaMg 10 Tis eFV I[PøWdUcKña .

elakeBalfa dUcGVI? eqøIyfa dUcpáayRBwk . páayEdl)aneQµaH

fa »sFI ¬páayRBwk¦ eRBaHmanrsµIRkas; b¤eRBaHrsµIbEnßmkmøaMg

dl;edImeQIEdlCafñaM beBa©jBnøWedayCuMvijtaMgenA y:agNa nag

¬eTvta¦ k¾Pø WeTARKb;TisehIytaMgenA dUecñaHdUcKña .

Baküfa sBVKetþhi ¬GMBIRKb;cMENkénragkay¦ )andl; GMBI

Gvyv³énragkayRKb;cMENk . GFib,ayfa BnøWpSayGMBIGvyv³

tUcFMTaMgGs; . BaküenHCattiyaviPtþieRbIkñúgbBa©mIviPtþi . Baküfa


sBVa »Paset Tisa ¬RKb;TiseTIbPø WsVag¦ )andl; 10 TisPøW

sVagTaMgGs;. GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa »Paser dUecñHk¾man . Bakü

fa etsM sBVa Tisa enH Kb,IRCabfa CaBhuvcn³ .

bTfa bTIbkalmði ¬kñúgkalEdlKYrGuCRbTIb¦ )andl; kñúg

evladutRbTIb KW evlaKYrdutRbTIb GFib,ayfa kñúgevlaggwt

xøaMg . eRBaHehtuenaH eTvtaeTIbeBalfa eya Gn§karmð i timIsi-

kayM ¬Cn Na>>> kñúgevlaggwt¦ GFib,ayfa kñúgevlaggwtxøaMg .

Baküfa TTati TIbM ¬dutRbTIbfVay¦ )andl; GuCRbTIbfVay b¤ebImin

GuCk¾[BnøW . bric©aKeRKÓgbMPøW cMeBaHRBHTkçieNyübuKÁl . bTfa

]b,C¢ti eCatirsM vimanM ¬vimanEdlmanrsµId ¾r ugerOg>>> rEmgekIt

man¦ )andl; vimand¾rugerOgrEmgekIteLIgCamYykarcab;bdisn§i .

Baküd¾ess mann½ydUceBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

kaleTvtaeBaltbbBaðatamEdlsYrehIy RBHefr³eFV IBakü

enaHÉg[CaehtuekIt dwgfa nagCaGñkmancitþsmKYrCaedIm eday

kareBaldl;TanCaedIm ehIyRbkassc©³ 4 . kñúgevlacb;sc©³


eTvtaGgÁenaHRBmTaMgbrivartaMgenAkñ úgRBHesatabtþipl . RBHefr³

RtLb;GMBIeTvelakehIy RkabTUlerOgenaHcMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK .

eRBaHerOgenaHÉg RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;sMEdgFm’edayBisþardl;bri-

s½TEdlRbCuMKñapg . RBHFm’eTsnaenaHekItRbeyaCn_dl;mhaCn

mhaCn)anfVayRbTIbTanedayeKarBd¾éRkElgeLIgenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa bTIbvimansURtTI 9

3


Gdðkza tilTk¡iNvimanTI 10

{vimanrbs;®sþIGñkfVayl¶}

[10] tilTkçiNviman manBaküepþ Imfa GPikáenþn veNÑn

¬EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ tilTkçiNavimanenaHekIteLIgy:ag

Na ?

RBHmanRBHPaKkalRbfab;enAkñ úgvtþeCtBn Garamrbs;Gna-

fbiNÐik³ naRkúgsavtßI . sm½yenaHÉg kñúgRkúgraCRKwH ®sþIman

KP’mñak; R)afñanwgpwkeRbgl¶ eTIblagRKab;l¶ehIyhaléf¶Tuk .

Et®sþIenaHGs;GayuehIy nwgRtÚvsøab;kñ úgéf¶enaH eRBaHkmµrbs;nag

nwg[eTAkan;nrkdl;»kasehIy . RKaenaH RBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;

RbemIlemIlstVelakevlaCitPøW RTg;eXIjnagedayTiBVckçú RTg;RBH

RtiHriHfa {éf¶enH ®sþIenHnwgsøab;eTAekItkñ úgnrk ebIdUecñaH tfaKt

Kb,IeFVInag[eTAkan;zansYK’edaykarTTYlGahar KW l¶} . RBHGgÁ

eTIbesþcecjcakRkúgsavtß IeTAkan;RkúgraCRKwHmYyrMeBc evlaRBwk

RTg;Rbdab;)aRt nigcIvr Rtac;biNÐ)aRtkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH esþcyagdl;

-123- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ tilTkçiNvimansURtTI 10

TVarpÞHrbs;nagedaylMdab; . ®sþIenaHeXIjRBHPaKRBHPaKehIy

k¾ekItbItiesamnsS Rbjab;eRkakeLIgpÁgGBa¢lI mineXIjvtßúdéT

EdlKYrfVay lagédeCIgehIy BUtl¶Cadu MedayédTaMg 2 kan;dM ul¶

eBjkMbg;éd dak;cuHkñ úg)aRtrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK ehIyfVaybgÁM .

RBHmanRBHPaKkalnwgRTg;GnueRKaHnag eTIbRtas;fa {cUrCasuxcuH}

ehIyesþcyagRtLb; . evlaCitPø Wényb;enaH nagk¾søab;eTAekIt

kñ úgvimanmaskm<s; 12 eyaCn_ kñ úgPBtavtwgS dUcedklk;ehIy

PJak;eLIg . RKaenaH RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrRtac;carikeTAkan;eTvelak

cUleTArk edayn½ydUceBalmkGMBImunehIy sYrfa

EneTBFIta nagmanvNÑ³l¥ manBnøWpSayeTA




RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ ekIteLIgdl;nag ?



kalekItCamnusS nag)aneFV IbuNüGVI eRBaHbuNü


rbs;nagk¾Pø WsVagsBVTis ?


mancitþeRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plénkmµtamEdlelak

sYr y:agenHfa

eTIbeBaltbfa

kñúgCatimun RKaekItCamnusS kñúgBYkmnusS

kñúgmnusSelak ´)aneXIjRBHBuT§RTg;CaGñkR)as

cakkielsdUcFUlI manRBHT½yføa minl¥k; luHCYb

ehIy k¾RCHføa eTIbfVayTkçiNa KW l¶CaTancMeBaH

RBHBuT§RTg;CaRBHTkçieNyübuKÁl edayédTaMg 2

rbs;xø Ün TaMgEdlmin)antaMgcitþ .




RKb;y:agCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekIteLIgdl;´ .

bBiRtPikç úmanGanuPaBeRcIn ´sUmR)ab;dl;


buNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH TaMg

vNÑ³rbs;´ eTIbPø WsVagsBVTis .

bNþabTTaMgenaH sBÞfa GasC¢ enH mkkñúgGtßfa b:HxÞb;

)ankñúg)alICaedImfa GasC¢ nM tfaKtM ¬tiHedolRBHtfaKtenaH¦ .

mkkñúgGtßfa CYb )ankñ úg)alICaedImfa GasC¢ TanM eTti ¬CYb

{GñkTTYl} eTIbfVayTan¦ . sUm,Ikñ úgTIenH Kb,IeXIjfa mkkñúg

Gtßfa CYb enHÉg . eRBaHdUecñaH Baküfa GasC¢ eTIbmann½yfa

CYbehIy mkdl;ehIyedaykarRBmeRBóg . eRBaHehtuenaH eTvta

eTIbeBalfa Gkama ¬TaMgEdlmin)antaMgcitþ¦ . BitehIy eTvta

GgÁenaHeBalfa GasC¢ TanM GTasw Gkama tilTkçiNM ¬luHCYb

ehIy>>> fVayTkçieNyüTan KW l¶CaTan>>> TaMgEdlmin)antaMgcitþ¦

sMedAyk Tan KW l¶ EdlRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgRBHmanRBHPaK EdlRTg;


yagmkdl;y:agqab;rh½s edayminmankarKitnwgfVayTukCamun min

mankareRtómeTyüFm’TukCamun . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIy

enaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa tilTkçiNvimanTI 10

3

-127- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ bzmbtiBVtavimansURtTI 11

Gdðkza bfmbtiBVtavimanTI 11

{vimanrbs;®sþIGñkesµaHRtg;cMeBaHsVamI}

[11] bzmbtiBVtaviman manBaküepþ Imfa ekaBa©a myura

Tiviya c hMsa ¬EneTBFItaGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn BYkeRkól ek¶ak>>>

suT§EtCaTiBV¦ . btiBVtaviman CadMbUgekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgvtþeCtBn naRkúgsavtß I . kñ úg

RkúgsavtßIenaH man®sþImñak;CaGñkesµaHRtg;cMeBaHbþI . nagsþab;tam

bþI Gt;Fn; eCOsþab;»vaTedayeKarB sUm,IeRkaFk¾minbeBa©j[eXIj

minniyayBaküeRKatRKatniyayEterOgBit mankareCO nigRCHføa

nig[TantamsmKYrdl;vtßúEdlman nagekIteraKmü:ag søab;ehIy

k¾eTAekItkñ úgPBtavtwgS . tmk RBHmhaemaKÁløanRtac;carikeTA

kan;eTvelak dUcn½ymun² enaHÉg CYbeTvtaGgÁenaHesaysm,tþi

d¾FM eTIbcUleTArk . eTBFItaGgÁenaHmanRsIGbSr 1>000 nak;

ecameram manGtþPaBRbdab;edayeRKÓgGlgáar F¶n;RbmaN 60

reTH fVaybgÁMRtg;eCIgRBHefr³edayeKarB ehIyQrkñúgTId¾smKYr


mYy . cMENkRBHefr³ kalnwgsYrbuBaØkmµEdlnageFVITuk eTIb

eBalfa

EneTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn stVeRkól ek¶ak

hgS nigtaev:A suT§EtCaTiBV mansemøgy:agBIeraH

RbCuMK ñaehIy CMuv ijvimanenH EdlCaTIsßitenArbs;

nag edrdasedaypáa KYrmenarmü l¥s¥at Edl

eRcInedayeTvbutþ nigeTvFItamkeRbIR)as; manBYk

eTvtaGñkmanbJT §× manrUbrageRcIny:ag sMEdgbJT§ ×

ehIy nigGbSrTaMgenHk¾raMeRcóg júaMgesckþIrIkray

erOy² CuMv ijnag .

EneTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn nagk¾)annUveTB-

bJT§ × kalekItCamnusS nag)aneFV IbuNüGVI eRBaH

buNüGVI nageTIbGanuPaBd¾rugerOgy:agenH TaMgvNÑ³

rbs;nag k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis ?

eTvtaenaH EdlRBHemaKÁløansYrehIy man


citþeRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYry:ag

enHfa

eTvtaGgÁenaHtbfa

kalekItCamnusS kñúgBYkmnusS ´)anCa

Gñkbdibtþ iesµaHRtg;cMeBaHsVamI minRbRBwtþeRkAcitþ

fñmcitþsVamI dUcCamatafñmbutþ ´sUm,IeRkaF k¾min

eBalBaküGaRkk; taMgenAkñ úgPaBsc©³ lHbg;kar

niyaykuhk eRtkGrkñ úgkar[Tan eBjcitþ]TÞ is

xøÜnse®gÁaHGñkdéT mancitþRCHføa )anfVay)ay nig

Twk [Tand¾FMTUlay edayeKarB .

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanvNÑ³y:agenH eRBaH


RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekIteLIgdl;´ .


elak kalEdlekItCamnusS ´)aneFVIbuNüNaTuk




bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa ekaBa©a ERbfa BYkstVeRkól

EdleKehAfa sarsar³ ¬TIxøHERbfa stVRkén¦ k¾man . Baküfa

myura esµInwg emara ¬stVek¶ak¦ . Baküfa Tiv iya ¬EdlsuT§Et

CaTiBV¦ )andl; manGanuPaBCaTiBV . nigBaküfa Tiv iya enH

[RbkbcUlCamYy 4 Baküfa Tiv iya ekaBa©a ¬stVeRkólTiBV¦ .

Tiviya myura ¬ek¶akTiBV¦ CaedIm . Baküfa hMsa ¬hgS¦ )andl;

hgS manhgSmasCaedIm . Baküfa vKÁ úsSra ¬beBa©jsMeLg

y:agBIeraH¦ )andl; mansMeLgBIeraH . Baküfa ekakila ¬taev:A¦

)andl; stVtaev:ATaMgexµATaMgs . Baküfa sm,tnþi ¬mkRbCuMK ña

ehIy¦ )andl; ehIrelgsb,ayeTAmkCuMvij edIm,I[esckþIGPirmü

dl;eTvta . BitehIy BYkeTvtaEdlCabrivarelgsb,ay edIm,I

[ekItesckþIeRtkGrdl;eTvta kñúgxøÜnénBYkeRkólCaedIm elakeTIb

eRbIBaküfa BYkeRkól CaedIm . Baküfa bu)öaPikiNÑM ¬edrdaseday

-131- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ bzmbtiB VtavimansURtTI 11

páa¦ )andl; BaseBjedaypáaeQIEkvRbePTepSg² EdlerayehIy

nigminTan;eray ¬CaPYg¦ . Baküfa rmM ¬KYrr Ikray¦ )andl; KYr

rIkray KYreBjcitþ . Baküfa Genkcitþ M ¬Rss;s¥at¦ )andl;

viciRteday]Tüan edImklRBwkS nigRsHe)akçNICaedImd¾eRcIn nig

edayBiessénCBa©aMg\dæCaedImd¾eRcInkñ úgvimanTaMgLay . Baküfa

nrnariesvitM ¬EdleTvbutþ nigeTvFItamkeRbIR)as;¦ )andl; Edl

BYkeTvtabuRt nigBYkeTvFItaEdlCabrivarcUleTAeRbIR)as; .

Baküfa \T§I vikuBVnþi GenkrU)a ¬BYkeTBGñkmanbJT§× manrUbrag

eRcInRbePT sMEdgbJT§×¦ RbkbesckþIfa GñkmanbJT§×TaMgLay Edl

seRmcedayGanuPaBénkmµ manrUbeRcIny:ag eRBaHsMEdgrUb)an

epSg² rEmgsMEdgbJT§× KW eRbIbJT§×Ebøk² nagsßitenA ¬kñúgvimanenaH¦ .

Baküfa GnBaØmna ¬minRbRBwtþk,t;citþ¦ )andl; esµaHRtg;

cMeBaHsVamI . citþrbs;®sþIenaH Føak;eTAkñ úgbursdéT ehtuenaH

®sþIenaHeQµaHfa mancitþFøak;eTAkñ úgbursdéT . ®sþIenaHminmancitþ

Føak;eTAkñúgbursdéT ehtuenaH eTIbeQµaHfa minmancitþFøak;eTAkñ úg


bursdéT ¬mink,t;citþ¦ . GFib,ayfa ´minekItcitþKitGaRkk;kñúg

bursdéT eRkAGMBIsVamIrbs;´enH . bTfa matav butþM Gnurkçmana

¬dUcCamatafñmbutþ¦ esckþIfa kruNaemtþasVamIrbs;nag´ b¤sUm,I

sBVstV eRBaHbMNgnaMRbeyaCn_mk[ nigeRBaHbMNgkMcat;vtßúEdl

minCaRbeyaCn_ecj dUcmataGaNitkñúgbuRtdUecñaH . bTfa kuT§a-

bihM nbörusM GevacM ¬´sUm,IeRkaF k¾mineBalBaküGaRkk;¦ esckþI

fa nag´sUm,IeRkaFehIy eRBaHGñkdéTeFVIesckþIminsb,ay[ k¾

mineBalBaküGaRkk; . GFib,ayfa eBalEtBaküEdlKYrRsLaj;

bu :eNÑaHedayBit .

Baküfa sec© zita ¬taMgenAkñúgPaBsc©³¦ )andl; taMgenA

kñúgsc©³ . eRBaHehtuEdlnagCaGñkeQµaHfa taMgmaMkñúgsc©³ eday

ectnaevorcakkareBalkuhk minEmntaMgmaMedayRtwmEteBalBakü

Bitkñ úgmYydgmYyRKa dUecñaH eTvtaeTIbeBalfa emasvC¢M bhay

¬lHbg;karniyaykuhk¦ )andl; lHbg;musavaT . Baküfa Taen

rta ¬eRtkGrkñ úgkar[Tan¦ )andl; eRtkGréRkElgkñúgTan .


GFib,ayfa xVl;xVay . Baküfa sgÁhittþPava ¬eBjcitþ]TÞ is

xøÜnse®gÁaHGñkdéT¦ RbkbesckþIfa nag´eBjcitþse®gÁaHGñkdéTCa

RbRktI edaysgÁhvtßú dUcse®gÁaHxøÜn nigmancitþRCHføaeRBaHeCOkmµ

nigplkmµ eTIb)anfVay)ay Twk edayeKarB KW edayesckþIeKarB

nig)anfVayTany:agdéTmansMBt;CaedIm d¾FMTUlay KW »Lar .

Baküd¾essmann½ydUcEdleBalehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa bzmbtiBVtavimanTI 11

3


Gdðkza TutiybtiBVtaviman 12

{vimanrbs;®sþIGñkesµaHRtg;cMeBaHsVamI}

[12] TutiybtiBVtavimanmanBaküepþ Imfa evLúriyfmÖM ¬En

eTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn nagsßitenAkñ úgvimanEdlmanssrsuT§Et

EkvBiTUrü¦ btiBVtavimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa ?

dUc)ansþab;mk ])asikamñak;kñ úgRkúgsavtß I CaGñkesµaHRtg;

cMeBaHsVamI manesckþIRCHføa ¬kñúgRBHrtnRt½y¦ rkSasIl 5 y:ag

brisuT§ nig)an[Tantamvtßúrbs;Edlman søab;ehIyeTAekIt kñúgPB

tavtwgS . Baküd¾essmann½ydUc)aneBalehIyTaMgGs; .

RBHmhaemaKÁlanefr³sYrfa

EneTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn nagsßitenAkñúg

vimanEdlmanssrCaEkvBiTUrü KYreBjcitþ manrsµI

PøWepøk Rss;s¥atéRkElg nagsßitkñ úgvimanenaH

sMEdgbJT§×)aneRcIny:ag eTBGbSrTaMgenHk¾raMeRcóg

nig[esckþIr Ikray enACM uv ijnag EneTBIEdlman

-135- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ T utiybtiBVtavimansURtTI 12

GanuPaBeRcIn nagk¾)aneTBbJT§ × kalekItCamnusS

nag)aneFVIbuNüGVIT uk eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbman

GanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nigvNÑ³rbs;nageTIbPøWc,as;

eTAsBVTis .

eTvtaenaH EdlRBHemaKÁløansYrehIy man citþeRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYry:ag

enHfa

eTvtaGgÁenaH)aneBaltbfa


])asikarbs;RBHBuT§manckçú CaGñkevorcakkarsmøab;

stV evorcakkarlYcRTBükñúgelak minpwkTwkRsvwg

mineBalBakükuhk eRtkGrcMeBaHEtsVamIrbs;xø Ün

mYyeTot ´mancitþRCHføa )anfVay)ay nigTwk

CaTand¾FMT UlayedayeKarB .

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanvNÑ³y:agenH eRBaH

-13 6- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa x uT Þknikay v imanvtßú


RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekIteLIgdl;´ .


dl;elak kalEdlekItCamnusS ´)aneFV IbuNü

NaTuk eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOg

y:agenH TaMgvNÑ³rbs;´k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa evLúriyfmÖM ¬manssrCaEkv

BiTUrü¦ )andl; manssrCaEkvBiTUrü ¬éxsBÞbEnßm mNi = Ekv

cUlmk¦ . Baküfa rucir M ¬KYreBjcitþ¦ )andl; KYrrIkray .

Baküfa bPsSrM ¬manrsµIPø wepøk¦ )andl; rugerOgy:agéRkElg .

Baküfa ]c©avca ¬eRcIny:ag¦ EckBaküCa ]c©a Gvca )andl;

eRcInEbb . Baküfa ])asika ¬])asika¦ )andl; ®sþIGñktaMgenA

kñúgKuNlkçN³rbs;])asika edaykardl;srN³ . dUcRBHtRmas;

EdlRBHd¾manRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {mñalmhanam eRBaHehtuEdl

Griyasavkdl;RBHBuT§CasrN³ dl;RBHFm’CasrN³ dl;RBHsgÇ

-137- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ TutiybtiB VtavimansURtTI 12

CasrN³enaHÉg GriysavkeTIbeQµaHfa Ca])ask} .

Baküfa ckçúmeta ¬rbs;RBHBuT§Gñkmanckçú¦ )andl; RBHd¾man-

RBHPaKRTg;manRBHckçú edayckçú 5 . eTvta RKasMEdgGasysuT§i

¬esckþIbrisuT§énsnþancitþ¦ y:agenHehIy edIm,IsMEdgbeyaKsuT§i

¬esckþIbrisuT§edaykareFVI¦ eTIbeBalfa {evorcakkarsmøab;stV} Ca

edIm . nageBaldl;ectnaevorcakkarRbRBwtþxus ¬kñúgkam¦ eday

Baküfa sekn samina Gehasw tudæa ¬eRtkGrcMeBaHsVamIrbs;

xøÜn¦ kñúgKafaBaküeqøIyfaenaH . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalmk

ehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa TutiyabtiBVtavimanTI 12

3


Gdðkza bfmsuNisavimanTI 13

{vimanrbs;®sþIkUnRbsa}

[13] bzmsuNisavimanmanBaküepþ Imfa GPikáenþn veNÑn

¬EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrs¥atéRkElg¦ . suNisavimanTI 1 enaH

ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

®sþIkUnRbsarbs;RKÜsarmYy kñúgpÞHmYyxñg kñ úgRkúgsavtß I

eXIjRBHefr³CaxINaRsB cUlmkbiNÐ)atkñúgpÞH k¾ekItbItiesam-

nsSfa {enHCabuBaØextþd¾kMBUlmkR)akddl;eyIgehIy} eTIbEbg

EcknMmYycMENkCarbs;xøÜnEdl)anmk beg¥ancUleTAfVayRBHefr³

edayGakareGIeBI . RBHefr³TTYlnMenaH GnuemaTnaehIyecos

ecjeTA . tmk ®sþIkUnRbsarenaHk¾)ansøab; ehIyeTAekItkñúgPB

tavtwgS . Baküd¾essTaMgGs; k¾dUcKñanwgBaküeBalmunenaHÉg .

eRBaHehtuenaH RBHFmµsgÁahkacarüeTIbeBalfa RBHmhaemaKÁløan

sYrfa

EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥éRkElg manBnøW

-139- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ bzmsuNisavimansURtTI 13

PøWc,as;sBVTis dUcCapáayRBwk .

eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmansm,úrdUecñaH eRBaH


RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekItdl;nag .

mñaleTBIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn GatµasUmsYr

nag kalekItCamnusS nag)aneFVIbuNüGVITuk eRBaH


sm,úrrbs;nag k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis ?

eTvtaenaH EdlRBHemaKÁlansYrehIy man


enHfa


kUnRbsakñúgpÞHén«Bukekµk )aneXIjPikçúGñkR)ascak

kielsdUcFUlI GñkpUrpg; minl¥k; k¾RCHføa eTIb

)anRbeKnnMdl;PikçúenaH edayédrbs;xøÜn luHRbeKn


nMBak;kNþalehIy éTIbmkrIkraykñúgnnÞnv½n .

eRBaHbuNüenaH éTIbmansm,úrEbbenaH eRBaH


RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ ePaK³TaMgenaH eTIbekIt

eLIgdl;´ . eRBaHbuNüenaH éTIbmanGanuPaB

rugerOgy:agenH TaMgsm,úrrbs;´k¾Pøwc,as;sBVTis .

bNþalBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa suNisa ¬kUnRbsaRsI¦ )an

dl; Priyarbs;buRt . BitehIy bitarbs;sVamIénRsI EdleK

ehAfa «Bukekµk . cMENk®sþI ¬Priyarbs;buRt¦ rbs;bitaCasVamI

enaH eKehAfa kUnRbsa eRBaHehtuenaH eTvtasMedAdl;bitarbs;

sVamIenaH eTIbeBalfa )anCakUnRbsakñúgpÞHrbs;«Bukekµk .

Baküfa PaKDÆPaKM ¬cMENkBak;kNþal¦ )andl; )anfVay

nMBak;kNþalCacMENkEdlxøÜn)anmk . eTvtaeBalfa emaTami

nnÞen ven ¬éTIbmkrIkrayenAkñ úgnnÞnvn]Tüan¦ eRBaHRBHefr³CYb

xøÜnkñ úgnnÞnvn]Tüan . Baküd¾ess k¾mann½ydUcEdleBalehIy

-141- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ bzmsuNisavimansURtTI 13

enaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa bzmsuNisavimanTI 13

3


Gdðkza TutiyasuNisavimanTI 14

{vimanrbs;®sþIkUnRbsa}

[14] TutiysuNisamanBaküepþ Imfa GPikáenþn veNÑn ¬En

eTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ . k¾kñ úgTutiysuNisavimanTI 2 enH

minmanBaküfµ IeT . kñúgerOgEdlCaedImehtu KW epSgKñaRtg;fVaynM

kumµasbu:eNÑaH . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHFmµsgÁahkacarüeTIbeBalfa

RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrsYrfa

EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥éRkElg manBnøW

Pø Wc,as;sBVTis dUcCapáayRBwk .

eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmansm,úrdUecñaH eRBaH





GVI nageTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH TaMgsm,úr

-143- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ TutiysuNisavimansURtTI 14


eTvtaenaH EdlRBHemaKÁlansYrehIy man


enHfa


kUnRbsakñúgpÞHén«Bukekµk )aneXIjPikçúGñkR)ascak

kielsdUcFUlI GñkpUrpg; minl¥k; k¾RCHføa eTIb

)anRbeKnnMkumµasmYydMu dl;PikçúenaH edayédTaMgBIr

rbs;xøÜn luHRbeKnnMkumµasmYydMuehIy eTIbmkrIk

raykñúg]TüannnÞnv½n .

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmansm,úrdUecñH eRBaH


RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþeTIbekItdl;´ eRBaHbuNü

enaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH TaMgsm,úr

rbs;´k¾PøWc,as;sBVTis .


bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa PaKM ¬du M¦ )andl; cMENk

rbs;nMkumµas . eRBaHehtuenaH eTvtaeTIbeBalfa kumµasbiNÐM

TtVan ¬luHRbeKnnMkumµasmYydMuehIy¦ . nMEdleFVIedayGgárdMeNIb

elakehAfa nMkumµas . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIy .

cb;Gdækfa TutiysuNisaviman 14

3

-145- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ ]tþravimansURtTI 15

Gdðkza ótþravimanTI 15

{vimanrbs;nag]tþra}

[15] ]tþraviman manBaküepþ Imfa GPikáen þn veNÑn ¬En

eTBFIta nagsm,úrl¥¦ ]tþravimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñúgvtþevLúv½n sßanTIciBa© wmstVkEgðn

naRkúgraCRKwH . sm½yenaH bursTal;RkeQµaH buNÑ³ GaRs½y

raCKhesdæIciBa© wmCIvit . Priyarbs;eKeQµaHfa ]tþra . kUnRkmuM

k¾eQµaH ]tþra dUecñaH kñ úgpÞHeTIbmanmnusSeQµaHdUcKña 2 nak; .

tmkéf¶mYy eKeXasnafa {mhaCnRkúgraCRKwHKYrelgnkçtþbJkS 7

éf¶} . esdæIsþab;erOgenaHehIy niyaycMeBaHbuNÑ³EdlmkGMBIRBwk

fa {)aeGIy GñkeFVIkargarrbs;eyIgR)afñanwgelgnkçtþbJkS ÉGñknwg

eTAelgnkçtþbJkS b¤nwgeFVIkargarsIuQñÜl} . buNÑ³eqøIyfa {bBiRt

nay FmµtankçtþbJkS CaerOgrbs;GñkmanRTBü cMENkkñúgpÞHrbs;

´ minmanRsÚv nigGgárEdlnwgbriePaKkñúgéf¶Es¥kenHpg Ékargar

nkçtþbJkSminmanRbeyaCn_sRmab;´ ´)aneFV IeKak¾nwgeTAP¢ ÜrERs} .


esdæIeBalfa {ebIdUecñaH cUrykeKacuH} . eKTTYlykeKaEdlman

mankmøaMg nigngÁ½ly:agl¥eTA eBalcMeBaHPriyafa {Ennag GñkRkúg

eKelgnkçtþbJkS ÉeyIgCamnusSRkIRk ´RtÚveTAeFV IkargarsIuQñÜl

kñúgéf¶enH cUrcm¥ inGahar EckCa 2 cMENkesµIKña naM)ayeTA[´}

ehIyk¾eTAERs .

cMENkRBHsarIbutþcUlsmabtþi 7 éf¶ ehIyecjcaknieraF-

smabtþienaH RbemIlemIlfa {éf¶enH eyIgnwgKYrse®gÁaHGñkNahñ+}

eXIjnaybuNÑ³cUlkñúgsMNaj; KW jaNrbs;elak BicarNafa

{naybuNÑ³enHmansT§a b¤minman Gacse®gÁaHeyIgeThñ+} dwgfa

eKmansT§a Gacse®gÁaH)an ehIyeKnwg)ansm,tþiFMeRBaHGMeBIenaH

Cabc©½y eTIbRbdab;)aRt nigcIvr eTAkan;TIEdleKP¢ÜrERs eXIj

Kuem<ateQImYykEnøgCitmat;GNþÚg eTIbQr . naybuNÑ³eXIj

RBHefr³eTIbQb;P¢ ÜrERs fVaybgÁMRBHefr³edaybBa©gÁRbtisßan Kit

fa {RBHefr³Kg;RtÚvkareQICMrHeFµj} eTIbeFV IeQICMrHeFµj[smKYr

ehIyRbeKn . RBHefr³eTIbnaM)aRt nigsMBt;RtgTwkecjmk[eTA


eK . eKKitfa {RBHefr³Kg;nwgRtÚvkarTwk} eTIbTTYl)aRt nigsMBt;

RtgTwkenaHmk RtgTwkehIyRbeKn .

RBHefr³Kitfa buNÑ³enHmanpÞHmYyxñgeRkayeK ebIeyIgeTA

kan;pÞHrbs;eK Priyarbs;buNÑ³enHeKnwgmineXIjeyIg eyIgnwg

enAkñúgTIRtg;enHÉg rhUtPriyarbs;eKnaMGaharmk . RBHefr³rg;caM

mYyRsbk;Rtg;TIenaHÉg dwgfa nagedIrpøÚvmkehIy eTIbnimnþsMedA

eTARkúg . kñúgrvagpø Úv nageXIjRBHefr³ k¾Kitfa {RKaxøHkalman

eTyüFm’ eyIgk¾minCYbelakm©as; RKaxøHkaleyIgCYbelakm©as;

k¾minmaneTyüFm’ Etéf¶enH eyIgCYbelakm©as;pg eTyüFm’enH

k¾manpg elakm©as;nwgse®gÁaHeyIg b¤minse®gÁaHhñ+} . nagdak;

PaCn_GaharcuHehIy fVaybgÁMRBHefr³edaybBa©gÁRbtisßan eBalfa

{elakm©as; sUmkuMKiteLIyfa rbs;enHGn;fy b¤RbNIt sUmeR)as

se®gÁaHnag´ EdlCaTas³eKpgcuH} . xN³enaH RBHefr³k¾beg¥an

cUleTA . kalnagykédmçagkan;PaCn_ édmçageTotdYsGaharGMBI

PaCn_enaH kaldYs)anBak;kNþal RBHefr³k¾ykédbiT)aRt R)ab;


fa {lµmehIy} . nageTIbeBalfa elakm©as; GaharenHCacMENk

mYy minGacEbgCa 2 cMENkeT sUmelakm©as;emtþakM us®gÁaHEt

EtkñúgelakenHdl;Tas³rbs;elakm©as;eLIy emtþaeR)ass®gÁaH

sUm,Ielakxagmuxpg nag´R)afñanwgRbeKnTaMgGs;min[maness

sl;} ehIyykGaharTaMgGs;dak;kñ úg)aRtrbs;elak taMgesckþI

R)afñafa {sUm[nag´mancMENkénFm’Edlelakm©as;eXIjehIy

pgcuH} . RBHefr³eBalfa {cUrsmtamR)afñacuH} ehIyQreFVIGnu-

emaTna Kg;Rtg;TIEdlRsÜledaymanTwkmYykEnøg . cMENknag

RtLb;eTArkGgárdaM)ay ¬mþgeTot¦ .

cMENknaybuNÑ³P¢ ÜrERs)anRbmaN 8 krIs³ minGacGt;

RTaMnwgkareRskXøan)an eTIbedaHeKa cUleTAsRmakeRkaymøb;eQI

mYykEnøgGgÁúyemIlpøÚv . xN³enaH Priyarbs;eKkan;GaharedIr

eTA eXIjeKehIyk¾Kitfa {eKXøanehIyGgÁúyemIleyIg ebInwgrk

erOgeyIgfa emþcyUremøH dUecñHehIy vayedayCnøÜjesat kmµEdl

eyIgeFV Ik¾nwgKµanRbeyaCn_ eyIgnwgR)ab;[RCabCamun} eTIbniyay


y:agenHfa {naycaMyUr éf¶enH GñkcUreFVI[RCHføaRtwmEtmYyéf¶ sUm

kuMeFVIkmµEdl´eFV ITukehIy[KµanRbeyaCn_eLIy ´naMGaharsRmab;

naymkGMBIRBwk Etkñúgrvagpø Úv CYbRBHFmµesnabtI eTIb)anRbeKn

GaharsRmab;naydl;elak ehIyRtLb;eTApÞHdaM)ayCafµI eTIbmk

nayeGIy sUmeFVIcitþ[RCHføacuH} . naybuNÑ³enaHsYrfa {Ennag

niyayGVI} niyayerOgnaHmþgeTot ehIyeBalfa {Ennag nag)an

RbeKnGaharsRmab;´dl;elakm©as; CakareFV Il¥BitehIy sUm,I´

k¾)anRbeKneQIsÞn; nigTwkx< úrmat;dl;elak kalGMBIRBwkmijenH

Edr} . eKmancitþRCHføa rIkraynwgBaküeBalenaH lM)akkayeRBaH

)anGaharéf¶eRCeBk eTIbdak;k,alelIePøArbs;nag ehIyk¾edklk;

eTA .

lMdab;enaH sßanTIEdleKP¢ÜrGMBIRBwk Gacm_bMNas;TaMgenaH

k¾køayeTAmasTaMgGs; R)akddUcCapáakNikar . eKPJak;eLIgsmøwg

emIl ehIyeBalnwgPriyafa {Ennag TIEdl´P¢ÜrenaH R)akddl;

´dUcCamasTaMgGs; b¤fa EPñkrbs;´RsvaMg eRBaHbriePaKGahar


éf¶eBk} ? PriyaeBalfa {nay enaHk¾R)akddl;ExSEPñkrbs;´dUc

Kña} . eKeRkakeLIgedIreTAkñ úgTIenaHcab; elIkeLIgmYyduMmke)ak

Rtg;epñógng½ Ál k¾dwgfa CamasBit² Kitfa {» plkñúgTanEdl

eyIgRbeKnelakm©as;RBHFmµesnabtI sMEdgkñúgéf¶enHehIyhñ+ eyIg

minGacbiT)aMgRTBübu:eNÑHTukbriePaK)aneT} eTIbdak;maseBjPaCn_

GaharEdlPriyanaMmk eTAkan;raCRtkUl . RBHraCaRBHraCTan»kas

eTIbcUleTAfVaybgÁM kalRtas;sYrfa {manerOgGVI)a} ? eKeTIbRkab

TUlfa {bBiRtRBHsmµtieTB éf¶enHTIEdl´RBHGgÁP¢Ür køayCaKMnr

masTaMgGs; KYrnaMmasEdlekIteLIgmk RBHGgÁ} . RBHraCaRtas;

sYrfa {GñkCanrNa?} eKRkabTUlfa {´RBHGgÁeQµaHbuNÑ³ Rkab

TUl} . RBHraCaRtas;sYrfa {éf¶enHGñkeFVIbuNüGVI?} eKRkabTUlfa

{´RBHGgÁfVayeQICRmHeFµj nigTwkx<úrmat;taMgGMBIRBwkdl;RBHFmµ-

esnabtI cMENkPriyarbs;´RBHGgÁ )anfVayGaharEdleKnaMmk

sRmab;´RBHGgÁdl;elakm©as;dUcKña RBHGgÁ} .

RBHraCaRTg;sþab;erOgenaHehIy Rtas;fa {GñkTaMgLay eKfa


plTanEdlfVaydl;RBHFmµesnabtI sMEdg[eXIjkñúgéf¶enHÉg} nig

Rtas;sYrfa {)aeGIy ´nwgeFVIy:agNa?} eKRkabTUlfa {RTg;eR)as

bBa¢ ÚnreTHeRcInBan;eTAdak;masmkcuH RBHGgÁ} . RBHraCak¾bBa¢Ún

reTHeTAdak;mas . kalBYkraCburskan;ykmas edayeBalfa

{sm,tþirbs;RBHraCa} . masEdlkan;ykk¾køayCadIeTA BYkraC-

burseTARkabTUldl;RBHraCa} . RBHraCaRtas;sYrfa {¬eBl¦ cab;

eLIgmk BYkGñkniyayy:agNa?} kalBYkraCbursRkabTUlfa

{¬niyayfa¦ sm,tþirbs;RBHGgÁ RBHGgÁ} eTIbRTg;Rtas;bgÁab;fa

{)aeGIy BYkGñkcUreTACafµI eBalfa {sm,tþ irbs;buNÑ³} ehIy

cab;eLIgmk} . BYkraCbursk¾bdibtþ itamEdlRTg;Rtas;bgÁab; .

masEdlkan;yk k¾Kg;CamasdUcedIm . BYkeKCIkmasykmkGs;

ehIy eFVICaKMnrTukRtg;RBHlanhøÜg mankm<s; 80 htß . RBHraCa

RTg;bgÁab;[GñkRkúgRbCuMKña Rtas;sYrfa {kñúgRBHnKrenH nrNaman

masbu:eNÑHxøH?} GñkRkúgRkabTUlfa {minman RBHGgÁ} . RBHraCa

Rtas;sYrfa {KYr[GVIdl;eK?} GñkRkúgRkabTUlfa {q½RtRbcaMtMENg


esdæIRBHGgÁ} . RBHraCaRtas;fa {buNÑ³cUreQµaHfa BhuFnesdæI}

ehIyRBHraCTanq½RtRbcaMtMENgesdæIdl;eK RBmTaMgeRKÓgeRbIR)as;

d¾FM .

RKaenaH eKRkabTUlRBHraCafa {bBiRtRBHsmµtieTB ´RBHGgÁ

GaRs½yRtkUlGñkdéTmkyUrehIy sUmeR)asRBHraCaTanTIenAdl;

´RBHGgÁpgcuH} . RBHraCaRtas;fa {ebIy:agenaH cUremIlRtg;enH

enACaéRB ¬duH¦ enAeLIy cUrqáaréRBenaHecj ehIy[sagpÞH} nig

Rtas;R)ab;sßanTIEdlCapÞHrbs;esdæIcas; . buNÑ³esdæIenaH [

sagpÞHkñúgevlaRtwmEt 2-3 éf¶ enARtg;enaH cat;EcgkargarmgÁl

eLIgpÞHfµI nigkargarmgÁlelIkq½RtRbcaMtMENgesdæIRBmKña )anfVay

Tandl;Pikç úsgÇmanRBHBuT§CaRbFan 7 éf¶ . RKaenaH RBHsasþa

kalRTg;GnuemaTnaTan RTg;Rtas;GnubuBVIkfadl;eK . kñúgevlacb;

Fmµkfa buNÑesdæI Priya nigFItarbs;eKeQµaH]tþra rYm 3 nak;

)anCaRBHesatabnñ .

tmk raCKhesdæIsUmFItarbs;buNÑesdæI[buRtrbs;xøÜn RtÚv

-153- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ ]tþrav imansURtTI 15

buNÑesdæIbdiesF eTIbeBalfa {kuMeFVIy:agenHeLIy elakGaRs½y

eyIgGs;kalCayUreTIb)ansm,tþi cUr[FItarbs;elakdl;buRteyIg

cuH} . buNÑesdæIenaHeBalfa {BYkelakCamicäaTidæ i FItarbs;eyIg

dl;RBHrtnRt½yehIy enArYmKñamin)an eyIgeTIbmin[FItadl;buRt

rbs;elak} . RKaenaH buRtesdæI KhbtICaedImd¾eRcIn naMKñaGgVr

buNÑesdæIenaHfa {elakkuMTmøayesckþIsñiT§sñalCamYyraCKhesdæI

enaHeLIy emtþa[FItadl;eKcuH} . buNÑesdæIenaHTTYlBakürbs;

mnusSTaMgenaH eTIbelIkFIta[kñúgtifIéf¶eBjbUrmIEx 8 . RKaenaH

taMgBImansVamI ]tþraFItaenaHmin)ancUleTArkPikçú b¤Pikç únI fVayTan

b¤sþab;Fm’eLIy kalevlaknøgeTA 2 ExknøH eTIbsYr®sþIbMerIEdl

QrenACit² fa {\LÚvenH evlakñ úgvsSaenAsl;bu :nµan?} ®sþIbMerI

eTIbeqøIyfa {knøHEx nagm©as;} . ]tþraFItaenaH eTIbbBa¢ ÚndMNwg

R)ab;bitamatafa {ehtuGVI matabitaeTIbcab;kUnXuMTukkñúgKukdUecñH eFVI

CaeRKÓgsmÁal;ehIyR)ab;fa kUnCaTas³rbs;GñkdéTvijl¥Cag min

KYrelIk[eTAdl;RtkUlmicäaTidæidUecñHeLIy taMgEtkUnmkehIy min)an


eFVIbuNüRtwmEtmþg dUceTArkPikçúCaedIm} RKaenaH bitarbs;nageTIb

sMEdgesckþITas;citþfa {FItarbs;eyIgCaTukçBithñ+} eTIbbBa¢ÚnRTBü

eTA[ 15>000 khabN³ nigbBa¢ ÚndMNwgeTAfa {kñ úgnKrenHman

esaPinIeQµaHsirima TTYlRTBümYyéf¶ 1>000 khabN³ cUr[

RTBüenH naMnagmkRbKl;dl;sVamI ehIyeFV IbuNütamesckþIeBj

citþrbs;kUncuH} . nag]tþraFItak¾eFV Iy:agenaH kalsVamIeXIjnag

sirimaehIyeBalfa {manerOgGVI?} eTIbeBalfa {nay sMLaj;rbs;

´nwgRbNibtn_elakrhUtknøHExenH cMENk´bMNgnwg[Tan sþab;

Fm’rhUtknøHExenH} . eKeXIjnagsirimaCa®sþIs¥at k¾ekItesckþI

esñha eTIbTTYlfa {l¥ehIy} .

cMENknag]tþra nimnþPikç úsgÇmanRBHBuT§CaRbFan TUlfa

{bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾cMerIn sUmRBHGgÁeR)askuMeTATIdéT TTYlGaharkñúg

TIenHÉgrhUtknøHExenH} ehIykan;ykebþCJarbs;RBHsasþa sb,ay

citþfa {taMgBIeBlenHeTA eyIgnwg)anbeRmIRBHsasþa nigsþab;Fm’

rhUtdl;éf¶mhabvarNa} bgÁab;fa {BYkGñkcUrdaM)ayy:agenH cUrcm¥in


)ayy:agenH cUreFV InMy:agenH} ehIyedIrcat;Ecgkic©RKb;y:agkñ úg

eragcm¥inFM . lMdab;enaH sVamIrbs;nagKitfa {RBwkenHCaéf¶mha

bvarNa} eTIbQrRtg;bg¥ Üc emIleTAkan;eragcm¥inFM BicarNafa

{RsIl¶g;enaHeFVIGV I} eXIjnagRbLak;edayFüÚg RtÚvEpSgePø Igeral

edIrcat;Ecgy:agenaH Kitfa {» RsIl¶g;minRBmesaysirism,tþienH

kñ úgzan³dUecñH RtLb;Casb,aycitþnwgbeRmIsmN³Rtegal} eTIb

esIc ehIyecosecjeTA .

kaleKeTAehIy nagsirimaEdlQrCamYyeK Kitfa {Gñk

enHeXIjGVIeTIbesIc} eTIbemIleTAtambg¥ÜcenaHÉg eXIjnag]tþra

k¾Kitfa {GñkenHeXIjRsIenHÉgeTIbesIc GñkenHKg;sñiT§sñalnwg

RsIenHBit} . )anB¤fa nagsirimaenaHCaRsIPriyaxageRkA Kitfa

xøÜnCam©as;pÞH . nageTIbcgGaXatkñúgnag]tþra Kitfa {eyIgnwg

eFV ITukçdl;RsIenH} eTIbcuHGMBIR)asaTcUleragcm¥inFM Taje)aydg

TwkedaHføad¾ekþAkñúgTIes¶arnM eRsacRtg;muxnag]tþra . nag]tþraeXIj

nagsirimakMBugedIrmk eTIbpSayemtþaeTAkan;nagfa {sMLaj;rbs;


eyIgman]bkar³dl;eyIg cRkvaLk¾enAceg¥ót RBhµelakk¾enATab

sMLaj;rbs;eyIgmanKuNéRkElg eyIgenHÉgGaRs½ynageTIb)an

[Tan sþab;Fm’ ebIeyIgmanesckþIeRkaFkñ úgsMLaj;enH TwkedaH

enHcUlrlakeyIg ebIeyIgminmanesckþIeRkaF TwkedaHcUlkuMrlak

eyIg} . TwkedaHd¾ekþAEdlnagsirimaeRsacdak;elIsIs³rbs;nag

]tþraenaH k¾hak;dUcCaTwkRtCak; . xN³enaH nagsirimaKitfa {Twk

edaHenHKg;RtCak;ehIy} eTIbyke)aydak;fµ Ikan;edIrmk . BYkTasI

rbs;nag]tþraeXIj k¾ERskKRmamfa {eGI RsIk,alrwg nagminKYr

nwgeRsacTwkedaHd¾ekþAelIsIs³m©as;®sIrbs;eyIgeT} ehIyeRkak

eLIgvayrhUtdl;nagsirimadYl . sUm,Inag]tþrahamk¾minsþab; .

RKaenaH nagQr)aMg ehIyhamTasIRKb;Kña saksYrnagsirimafa

{ehtuGV I nageTIbeFV Ikmµd¾F¶n;dUecñH} TUnµannagsirimaehIy [gUtTwk

edayekþA labedayeRbgl¶Edlrm¶as;dl; 100 dg .

xN³enaH nagsirimadwgxøÜnfaCaRsIxageRkA eTIbKitfa {eyIg

eRsacTwkedaHd¾ekþAdak;elIsIs³rbs;RsIenH eRBaHehtuRtwmEtsVamI


esIc )aneFV IkmµF¶n;ehIy RsIenHminbBa¢aTasIcab;eyIg sUm,Ikñ úg

evlaEdlBYkTasIeFVIGaRkk;dak;eyIg k¾enAhamR)amTasIRKb;KñaEdl

)aneFV IvtßúEdlKYreFVIdl;eyIgRKb;y:ag ebIeyIgminsUmxmaeTasnag

sIs³rbs;eyIgk¾nwgEbkCa 7 PaK} eTIbbeg¥ancUlCiteCIgrbs;

nag]tþraenaH eBalfa {nagm©as; emtþaGt;eTasdl;nag´pgcuH} .

nag]tþraeBalfa {eyIgCaFItamanbita kalbitarbs;eyIgGt;eTas

eTIbnwgGt;eTas[} . nagsirimaeBalfa {eRscEtnagm©as;cuH}

ńwg[buNÑesdæICabitarbs;nagm©as;Gt;eTas[} . nag]tþraeBal

fa buNÑesdæICabitaGñk[kMeNItkñ úgvdþ³rbs;´ EtkalbitaGñk[

kMeNItkñ úgvivdþ³Gt;eTasehIy éTIbnwgGt;eTas[} . nagsirima

sYrfa {k¾nrNahñ+ CabitaGñk[kMeNItkñúgvivdþ³rbs;nag?} nageqøIy

fa {RBHsmµasm<úT§} . nagsirimaeBalfa {´minsñiT§sñalCamYy

RBHGgÁ} ńwgeFVIy:agNa} . nag]tþraeBalfa {RBwkEs¥kenH RBH

sasþaRTg;nwgnaMPikç úsgÇmkkñúgTIenH nagk¾cUrkan;ykskáar³tamEdl

rk)an mkkñúgTIenHcuH cUr[RBHGgÁGt;eTas[} . nagsirimaeBal


fa {saFunagm©as;} ehIyeRkakeLIgRtLb;eTApÞHxøÜn bgÁab;RsIbMerI

500 nak; [cat;Ecgrbs;TMBar rbs;briePaK nig)ayepSg² RBwk

eLIgkan;skáar³enaHmkkan;pÞHnag]tþra minGacnwgdak;rbs;cuHkñúg)aRt

rbs;Pikç úsgÇmanRBHBuT§CaRbFan)an eTIbQr . nag]tþrak¾TTYl

rbs;enaHmkTaMgGs;ehIycat;EcgeTA .

RKaRBHsasþaesayeRsc cMENknagsirimaRBmTaMgbrivar

RkabcuHeTobRBH)aTaRBHsasþa . xN³enaH RBHsasþaRtas;sYr

nagfa {nagmankMhusGVI?} nagsirimaRkabTUlfa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾

ceRmIn kalBImSijmij ´m©as;eFV IkmµeQµaHenH xN³enaHsMLaj;

rbs;nag´m©as;)anhamBYkTasIEdlnwgvaynag´m©as; nag)aneFVI

]bkar³dl;nag´m©as;edayBit nag´m©as;enaHrlwkdl;KuNrbs;nag

eTIbsUmxmaeTasnag EtnageBalcMeBaHnag´m©as;fa kalRBHGgÁ

Gt;eTas ´eTIbnwgGt;eTas} . RBHsasþaRtas;sYrfa {]tþra B¤fa

y:agenaHBitb¤?} nag]tþraRkabTUlfa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾cMerIn BitEmn

RBHGgÁ sMLaj;enHeRsacTwkedaHekþAelIsIs³rbs;nag´m©as; RBH


GgÁ} . RBHsasþaRtas;sYrfa {ebIdUecñaH nagKitdUcemþc? nag]tþra

RkabTUlfa {nag´m©as;Kity:agenHfa cRkvaLk¾ceg¥ót RBhµelak

k¾enATab sMLaj;rbs;nag´m©as;manKuNFMéRkElg eRBaHfa nag´

m©as;GaRs½ynageTIb)an[Tan nig)ansþab;Fm’ RbsinebInag´m©as;

manesckþIeRkaFkñúgnag sUm[TwkedaHenHrlaknag´m©as; ebImineRkaF

sUm[TwkedaHkuMrlak dUecñH eTIbpSayemtþaeTAkan;nag RBHGgÁ} .

RBHsasþaRtas;fa {l¥ehIy l¥ehIy ]tþra karQñHesckþIeRkaF

y:agenHrEmgsmKYr eRBaHfa EdleQµaHfa Kb,IQñHbuKÁleRkaF

edaykarmineRkaF ¬tb¦ Kb,IQñHGñkeCr edaykarmineCr Kb,IQñH

GñkeCrRbeTc edaykarmineCrRbeTc Kb,IQñHmnusSkMNaj;eday

kar[RTBürbs;xø Ün Kb,IQñHmnusSniyaykuhk edaykarniyay

BaküBit} kalRTg;sMEdgesckþIenH eTIbRtas;RBHKafaenHfa

Kb,IQñHesckþIeRkaF edaykarmineRkaF Kb,I

QñHesckþIGaRkk;edaykareFVIl¥ Kb,IQñHesckþIkMNaj;

edaykar[ Kb,IQñHkarniyayeLHeLaH edayBakü


Bit} .

kñúgevlacb;Kafa RBHsasþa)anRtas;Kafaedaysc©³ 4 .

kñúgevlacb;sc©³ nag]tþraFIta)antaMgenAkñúgskTaKamipl . sVamI

bitarbs;sVamI nigmatarbs;sVamI eFVI[Cak;c,as;nUvesatabtþipl .

sUm,InagsirimaCamYybrivar 500 k¾)anCaesatabnñ . tmk nag

]tþraFItasøab;ehIyeTAekItkñúgPBtavtwgS . RKaenaH RBHmhaemaKÁ-

løanetßrRtac;eTAkan;eTvcarik tamn½ydUceBalmkehIykñúgxagedIm

CYbnag]tþraeTvFIta eTIbsYredayKafafa

EneTvFIta nagmansm,úrl¥ manBnøWPø WpSay

eTAsBVTis dUcCapáaRBwk .

eRBaHbuNüGVI nagmansm,úrEbbenH eRBaH


RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekIteLIgdl;nag?





rbs;nag k¾Pø Wc,as;eTAsBVTis .

eTvtaenaH EdlRBHemaKÁløanetßrsYrehIy

mancitþeRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYr

y:agenHfa

eTvtaeBaltbfa ?

kalénARKb;RKgpÞH ´minmanesckþIRcENn

minmanesckþIk MNaj; minvaybJkesµI mineRkaF

enAkñ úg»vaTrbs;sVamI minRbmaTCanic©kñ úgéf¶]e)a-

sf .

ćaM]e)asfEdlRbkbedayGgÁ 8 ral;éf¶

14 éf¶ 15 éf¶ 8 énbkS nigGs;)adihariybkS

¬éf¶TTYl nigéf¶CUn¦ sRgÜmedayl¥kñúgsIlRKb;kal

EckTan eTIb)anRKb;RKgvimanenH .

évorcak)aNati)at 1 evorcakkarlYc 1


minRbRBwtþk,t;citþsVamI 1 sRgÜmcakkarniyay

kuhk 1 q¶aycakkarpwknUvTwkRsvwg 1 eRtkGr

kñúgsikçaTaMg 5 CaGñkQøaskñúgGriysc©Fm’ Ca

])asikarbs;RBHeKatmRTg;manRBHckçú RTg;manRBH

ys ´enaHCaGñkmanysedayys k¾eRBaHsIl

Carbs;xø ÜnÉg ´)anesaynUvbuNürbs;xø Ün man

esckþIsux minmaneraK .


buNüenaH plenHeTIbseRmcdl;´ mü:ageTot

ePaK³RKb;y:agEdlCaTIKab;citþ eTIbekItdl;´ .




TaMgsm,úrrbs;´k¾PøWc,as;sBVTis .

]tþraeTvFItaxSwkxSÜlcMeBaH ¬RBHmhaemaKÁlanefr³¦ fa {elak


m©as; sUmelakemtþafVaybgÁMRBHyuKl)aTrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKeday

sirS³tamBakürbs;´pgcuHfa bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾cMerIn ]tþra])asika

sUmfVaybgÁMRBHyuKl)aTrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKedaysirS³ bBiRtRBH

GgÁd¾ceRmIn sUmRBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;Kb,IBüakrN_´RBHGgÁTukkñ úg

samBaØply:agNamYy minKYrGs©arüeLIy eRBaHRBHmanRBHPaK

RTg;BüakrN_´GgÁkñ úgskTaKamiplehIy} .

kñúgKafaenaH bTfa \sSa c mcäriymaena blaesa na-

ehasi myðM Xrmavsnþiya ¬kal´enARKb;RKgpÞH ´minmanesckþI

RcENn minmanesckþIk MNaj; minvaybJkesµI¦ esckþIfa esckþI

\sSaEdlmansm,tþirbs;®sþIdéTenARKb;RKg;pÞHCaedIm CaGarmµN_

manesckþIRcENnsm,tþirbs;GñkdéTCalkçN³ 1 esckþIkMNaj;

EdlmanlkçN³biT)aMgsm,tþ irbs;xøÜn eRBaHminbMNgnwg[Gñkmk

dl;sUmvtß úNamYy sUm,ICakarsUmx© ICaedImkþ I 1 . karvaybJkS-

esµI EdlmankarRbkan;CaKUesµIKñanwgGñkdéT edayRtkUl nigRbeTs

CaedIm 1 )abkmµsUm,ITaMg 3 dUceBalminman minekIteLIgdl;´


GñkenARKb;RKgpÞH kñ úgkalmanbc©½yRBmehIy . bTfa GekáaFna

¬mineRkaF¦ )andl; mansPaBmineRkaF eRBaHRBmeRBógedayxnþi

emtþa nigkruNa . bTfa Ptþú vsanuvtþinI ¬enAkñúg»vaTrbs;sVamI¦

)andl; manRbRktIenAkñúgGMNacrbs;sVamI edaykareFV ItamsVamI

mankarPJak;munedkeRkayCaedIm GFib,ayfa manRbRktIRbRBwtþKYr

RsLaj; . Baküfa ]e)asef nic©hmb,mtþa¬1¦ ¬minRbmaTCanic©

kñúgéf¶]e)asf¦ )andl; nag´minRbmaT KW enAedayesckþIminRbmaT

Canic©kñ úgéf¶rkSa]e)asfsIl .

]tþraeTvFIta kalsMEdgesckþIminRbmaTkñúg]e)asfenaHÉg

edIm,InwgsMEdgéf¶rkSa]e)asf viFIrkSa]e)asf eTIbeBalfa catu-

TÞsw ¬ral;éf¶TI 14¦ CaedIm . kñúgBaküenaH Baküfa catuTÞsw

bBa©Tsw ¬ral;éf¶ 14 15¦ CaedIm sm<½n§CamYyBaküfa bkçsS

¬énbkç¦ . BaküenHCaTutiyaviPtþ ieRbIkñ úgGtßGc©nþsMeyaK³ ¬ERbfa

rhUt/ Gs;¦ . kñúgBaküfa ya c bkçsS GdæmI ¬nigéf¶ 8 énbkç¦

1¦ bidk = ]e)asef>>> nic©b,mtþa .


enH c sBÞ CaBaküEdlbEnßmcUlmk . Baküfa )adihariybkçBa©

¬nigGs;)adihariybkSpg¦ esckþIfa Gs;énbkçrbs;GñkrkSa nig

bkçEdlKb,IrkSa]e)asfsIl edaykarTTYl karCUn KW éf¶edIm nig

éf¶cug tamlMdab;énéf¶catuTÞsI éf¶bNÑrsI nigéf¶GdæmI GFib,ay

fa éf¶ 13 éf¶ 1 erac éf¶ 7 nigéf¶ 9 . Baküfa GdægÁsusma-

KtM ¬EdlRbkbedayGgÁ 8¦ )andl; mkRBmedayl¥ RbkbRBm

edayGgÁ 8 man evorcak)aNati)at CaedIm .

Baküfa ]bvsisSM ¬cUlcaM¦ )andl; cUlehIy . BitehIy

BaküenH CaBaküsMEdgGnaKtcuHkñ úgGtßénGtIt . EtGacarüBYkxøH

sURtfa {]bvsw} Etmü:ag . Baküfa sTa ¬RKb;kal¦ )andl;

kñúgéf¶]e)asfTaMgGs; RBmTaMgéf¶)adiharübkç . Baküfa sIelsu

¬kñ úgsIl¦ )andl; kñ úg]e)asfsIlEdlKb,IeFV I[seRmc . Bit

ehIy BaküenHCastþmIviPtþ ieRbIkñúgGtßeFV I[seRmcpl . Baküfa

sMvuta ¬sRgÜm¦ )andl; sRgÜmpø Úvkay vaca citþ . mü:ageTot

Baküfa sTa ¬RKb;kal¦ )andl; RKb;evla . Baküfa kñúgsIl


)andl; kñúgnic©sIl . Baküfa sMvuta ¬sRgÜm¦ )andl; sRgÜm

pøÚvkay vaca .

\LÚvenH edIm,InwgsMEdgnic©sIlenaH ]tþraeTBFItaeTIbeBal

BaküCaedImfa evorcak)aNati)at . kñúgBaküenaH Baküfa )aN³

edayevaharsmµti )andl; stV edaybrmtß )andl; CIviti®nÞiy .

kareFVIstV[Føak;knøgeTA karsmøab;stV karTmøaystV eQµaHfa

)aNati)at/ edayGtß )andl; ectnasmøab;rbs;GñkmanesckþI

sMKal;kñúgstVEdlmanCIvitfamanCIvit EdlCasmudæanénkarBüayam

cUleTApþac;CIviti®nÞiy EdlRbRBwtþeTAkayTVar vcITVar TVarNamYy .

GFib,ayfa evorcak evorbg; evorRtLb;cak)aNati)atenaH .

kñúgBaküfa musavaTa ¬cakkarniyaykuhk¦ vcIbeyaK b¤

kaybeyaK EdlKµanRbeyaCn_rbs;GñkR)afñanwg[eXøógXøat eQµaH

fa musa . ectnaEdlCasmudæanénkaybeyaK nigvcIbeyaK Edl

eFV I[eXøógXøatdl;GñkdéT edaybMNgnwg[eXøógXøat eQµaHfa

musavaT . n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa musa ¬kuhk¦ )andl; erOg


EdlminBit . Baküfa vaeTa ¬karniyay¦ )andl; ectnaEdlCa

smudæanrbs;viBaØtþ ienaH rbs;GñkbMNgnwg[eKdwgerOgEdlminBit

enaH faCaerOgBit . GFib,ayfa sRgÜm lHbg; evorcakmusavaT

enaH . c sBÞ manGtßfarYmvtß údéTcUlpg ¬smbiNÐntß³¦ .

kñúgBaküfa efyüa ¬cakkarlYc¦ karlYc ehAfa efyü³ .

GFib,ayfa lYcykrbs;eKedayectnaCaecar . eBaledayGtß

efyüectnaEdlCasmudæanénesckþIBüayam EdlnwglYcrbs;eK

rbs;GñksMKal;kñúgrbs;Edlm©as;eKhYgEhg eQµaHfa efyü³ .

b¤sm<½n§esckþIfa sRgÜmq¶aycakefyü³ ¬ectnaCaecar¦ enaH .

kñúgBaküfa Gticara ¬RbRBwtþk,t;citþsVamI¦ karRbRBwtþknøg

eQµaHfa Gticar GFib,ayfa karRbRBwtþknøgextþrbs;elak eday

GMNacesckþIRtÚvkarkñ úgzan³EdlminKYrelµIs eQµaHfa micäacar .

®sþI 20 BYk KW 10 BYk )andl; ®sþIEdlmatarkSa/ ®sþIEdl

bitarkSa/ ®sþImatabitarkSa/ ®sþIEdlbgRbúsrkSa ¬b¥ÚnRbús¦ rkSa/

®sþIEdlbgRsI ¬b¥ÚnRsI¦ rkSa/ ®sþIEdljatirkSa/ ®sþIEdleKatþ-

-168- brmtßTIbn I Gdækfa xuTÞknikay vimanvtßú

RtkUlrkSa/ ®sþIEdlFmµTMenomrkSa/ ®sþIEdlmanGarkça/ ®sþIEdlelaH

mkedayRTBü . 10 BYkeTot )andl; ®sþIEdleKTijmkCaPriya/

®sþIEdlRBmeFVICaPriyaedaysµ½RKcitþ/ ®sþIEdlRBmeFVICaPriyaeday

ePaKsm,tþi/ ®sþ IEdlenACaPriyaeRBaHsMBt;dNþb;/ ®sþIEdlerob

karehIy/ ®sþIEdlbursBak;mkáúd[/ ®sþIEdlTasI nigCaPriya/ ®sþI

EdlCaGñkeFVIkar nigCaPriya/ ®sþICaeQøIyswk/ ®sþIEdlbursenA

rYmmYyxN³/ ¬TaMgGs;enH¦ eQµaHfa GKmnIydæan ¬zan³Edlmin

KYrelµIs¦ sRmab;bursTaMgLay . cMENkbursdéT² k¾eQµaHfa

GKmnIydæanrbs;®sþI edaycMeBaH 12 BYk KW ®sþImankarrkSa nig

®sþIEdlelaHmkedayRTBü rYmCa 2 nig®sþI 10 BYkxageRkay man

®sþIEdleKTijmkeFVICaPriyaCaedIm . GKmnIydæanenHbu:eNÑaH elak

bMNgykkñúgTIenH . eBaledaylkçN³ ectnaknøgGKmnIydæan

EdlRbRBwtþeTAtamkayTVar edaybMNgGsT§mµ eQµaHfa karRbRBwtþ

k,t;citþsVamI ¬Gticar³¦ . ectnaevorcakkarRbRBwtþk,t;citþsVamI

enaH .


kñúgBaküfa mC¢)ana ¬evorcakkarpwknUvTwkRsvwg¦ sura nig

emr½y ehAfa mC¢³ eRBaHGtßfa eFVI[Rsvwg . mnusSTaMgLay

rEmgpwkedaymC¢³enaH ehtuenaH mC¢³enaHeTIbeQµaHfa )an³ .

karpwkmC¢³ ¬eRKÓgRsvwg¦ eQµaHfa mC¢)an³ . sura 5 RbePT

KW suraeFVIedayemSA/ suraeFV IedaynM/ suraeFV Ieday)ay/ suraeFVI

edayBUC/ suraRbkbedayeRKÓgpSM/ b¤emr½y 5 RbePT KW Twkpáa

RsKuM/ TwkEpøRsKMu/ TwkXµú MRtaM/ TwkGMeBARtaM/ emr½yEdlRbkb

edayeRKÓgpSM/ EdlmnusSpwksUm,Iedaycugs,Úv cab;taMgGMBIekIt

Casuraemr½yehIy edayectnaRTúsþsIlNa ectnaenaHeQµaHfa

mC¢)an³ ¬karpwkTwkRsvwg¦ . ectnaevorcakkarpwkRsvwgenaH .

]tþraeTvFItasMEdgnic©sIl EdlEbgEcksMEdgCaFm’KYrlH

edayBaküfa )aNati)ata virta ¬evorcak)aNati)at¦ CaedImy:ag

enHehIy k¾rYmsMEdgCaFm’EdlKYrsmaTaneTot eTIbeBalfa bBa©-

sikçabeT rta ¬eRtkGrkñ úgsikçabTTaMg 5¦ . bNþaBaküTaMgenaH

Baküfa sikçabTM ¬sikçabT¦ )andl; bTEdlKYrsikSa . GFib,ay

-170- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa x uTÞknikay v imanvtßú

fa cMENkénsikçabT . n½ymü:ageTot kuslFm’sUm,ITaMgGs;

manQanCaedIm eQµaHfa sikça eRBaHCaFm’EdlKYrsikSa . k¾bNþa

GgÁsIl 5 GgÁNanImYyeQµaHfa bT eRBaHGtßfa CaTItaMgénsIl

TaMgenaH eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbeQµaHfa sikçabT eRBaHCabTCaTItaMg

énsikçaTaMgLay )andl; GgÁsIlTaMg 5 . ´GPirmü eRtkGr

kñúgsikçabT 5 y:agenaH eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbeQµaHfa eRtkGrkñúg

sikçabTTaMg 5 . Baküfa Griysc©an ekaviTa ¬CaGñkQøaskñúg

Griysc©Fm’¦ )andl; kusld¾l¥itkñ úgGriysc©³ 4 eBalKW Tukç

smuTy³ nieraF mKÁ edayGMNackarRtas;dwg edaybriBaØa ¬kar

kMNt;dwg¦ bhan ¬lH¦ scäikiriya ¬eFV I[Cak;c,as;¦ Pavna ¬eFVI

[man¦ . GFib,ayfa mansc©³Edlcak;Fø úHR)akdehIy . ]tþra-

eTvFIta rBJkdl;RBHmanRBHPaKedayRBHeKatþ edayBaküfa eKat-

msS ¬rbs;RBHeKatm¦ . Baküfa GñkRTRTg;RBHys )andl;

GñkRTRTg;RBHkitþ iys b¤RTg;manbrivar .

Baküfa sahM ¬´m©as;enaH¦ )andl; ´m©as;EdlmanKuN


tamEdleBalehIyenaH . Baküfa sekn sIeln ¬eRBaHsIl

rbs;xø ÜnÉg¦ )andl; edaysIltamsPaBrbs;xø Ün mansPaBCa

GñkminRcENnCaedIm nigedaysIlsmaTan man]e)asfsIlCa

edImCatYehtu . BitehIy sIlenaH ehAfa skM ¬rbs;xøÜn¦ eday

cMeBaH eRBaHstVTaMgLaymankmµCarbs;xøÜnÉg nigeRBaHnaMRbeyaCn_

d¾FM nigesckþIsuxmk[ . eRBaHehtuenaHÉg RBHmanRBHPaKeTIb

RTg;Rtas;fa

buNüenaHÉgrEmgCarbs;eK eKnaMbuNüenaH

eTA nigbuNüenaHrEmgCab;tameKeTA dUcRsemal

tameTAdUecñaH .

Baküfa yssa yssSinI ¬CaGñkmanysedayys¦ )an

dl; CaGñkmanys mankitþiys edaykitþisBÞpSayeTAedayCuMvij

dUceRbgEdlpSayeTAelIépÞTwk edayKuNtamesckþIBit EdlxøÜn

seRmcehIy CaedImfa {]tþra])asikaCaGñkdl;RBmedaysIl nig

criya minbJsüa minkMNaj; mineRkaF} nigCaedImfa {CaGñkseRmc


plehIy dwgsasnaehIy} . mü:agvijeTot CaGñkmanys man

brivardl;RBmehIy edaybrivarysEdlxøÜn)anehIykñúgTIenH eday

KuN KW sIlenaH . Baküfa GnuePami skM buBaØ M ¬´)anesay

buNürbs;xøÜnehIy¦ )andl; esaybuNürbs;xøÜntamEdl)ansnSM

Tuk . BitehIy plbuNüEdlGñkNarEmgesay sUm,IbuNüenaH

rbs;GñkenaH k¾ehAfa GnuPUyti ¬EdleKrEmgesay¦ eRBaHbMNg

dl;pl . n½ymü:ageTot sUm,Iplsucrit elakk¾ehAfa buNü

eRBaHCarbs;bufuC¢n . dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {mñal

PikçúTaMgLay buNüenHrEmgceRmIny:agenH eRBaHehtuEdlsmaTan

Fm’CakuslFm’TaMgLay} . Baküfa suxita cmði Gnamya ¬man

esckþIsux minmaneraK¦ )andl; ´m©as;CaGñkmansuxedaysuxCa

TiBV nigsux³ Bl³ manGnam½y minmaneraK eRBaHminmanTukçpø Úv

kay nigpø Úvcitþ .

c sBÞ kñúgBaküfa mm c ¬rbs;´m©as;¦ eRbIkñúgGtßRbmUl

cuH ¬smuc©yttß¦ . c sBÞenaH ]tþraeTvFItarEmgRbmUlkarfVay


bgÁMcUlpg kñúgBaküfa {sUmelakemtþafVaybgÁMtamBakürbs;´ min

tamsPaBrbs;elakeT} . ]tþraeTvFItasMEdgPaBCaGriysavka

rbs;xøÜn[R)akd edayBaküCaedImfa GncäriyM ¬RbkarEdlRBHman-

RBHPaK>>> minKYrGs©arü¦ . Baküfa tM PKva ¬RbkarEdlRBHman-

RBHPaK¦ CaedIm CaBakürbs;RBHsgÁItikacarü . Baküd¾essman

n½ydUceBalmkenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ]tþravimansURtTI 15

3


Gdðkza sirimavimanTI 16

{vimanrbs;nagsirima}

[16] sirimavimanmanBaküepþImfa yutþa c et brmGlgáta

hya ¬esHTaMgLayrbs;nag TwmrfehIy Rbdab;edayeRKÓg

Glgáard¾]tþm¦ . sirimavimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa?

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rbfab;enAkñ úgvtþevLúv½n sßanTIciBa© wmstV

kEgðneTobRkúgraCRKwH . sm½yenaH KNikaeQµaHsirima Edl)an

eBalkñúgerOgEdleBalehIy lHbg;kargarEdlesAhµg ¬PaBCa

esaPinI¦ eRBaHseRmcesatabtiþpl )antaMgslakPtþ 8 TukedIm,I

RBHsgÇ . taMgGMBIedImmk Pikç ú 8 rUb k¾mkkan;pÞHrbs;nagCa

RbcaM . nagsirimaeBalBaküCaedImfa {emtþaTTYlTwkedaHRss;

emtþaTTYlnMRss;} ehIydak;)aRtrbs;PikçúTaMgenaHrhUteBj . rbs;

EdlPikçúmYyrUb)aneTA rEmglµmdl;Pikçú 3 rUbxøH 4 rUbxøH . nag

fVaybiNÐ)aRtedaycMNayR)ak; 16 khabN³erogral;éf¶ .

tmkéf¶mYy PikçúmYyrUbqan;slakPtþ 8 kñúgpÞHrbs;nagehIy

-175- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ sirimavimansURtTI 16

RtLb;eTAkan;viharmYykEnøgq¶ayGMBITIenaH 3 eyaCn_ . RKaenaH

PikçúTaMgLaysYrPikç úrUbenaH EdlGgÁúykñúgTIRbNib½tn_RBHefr³evla

l¶acfa {GñkmanGayu elakTTYlPikçaRtg;TINa eTIbmkTIenH?} Pikçú

enaHeqøIyfa {´qan;slakPtþ 8 sRmab; rbs;nagsirima} . Pikçú

TaMgLaysYrfa {GñkmanGayu nagsirimafVayslakPtþEdlCaTI

eBjcitþb¤?} Pikç úenaHeTIbBN’naKuNrbs;nagfa {´minGacBN’na

Gaharrbs;nag)an nagfVayEtrbs;RbNItd¾]tþm rbs;EdlPikçú

mYyrUb)aneTA k¾lµmdl;Pikçú 3 rUbxøH 4 rUbxøH EtkareXIjnagvij

hak;dUcCaRbesIrCageTyüFm’rbs;nag . k¾®sþIenaHs¥atEbbenH

s¥atEbbenH} .

lMdab;enaH Pikç úmYyrUbsþab;BaküBN’naKuNrbs;nagsirima

enaHehIy sUm,Imin)aneXIjxøÜn k¾ekItesñhaedayRtwmEt)anB¤ Kit

fa {eyIgKYrnwg)anemIlnagkñúgTIenaH} eTIbR)ab;vsSacugeRkayrbs;

xøÜn ehIysYrPikçúr UbenaHdl;lMdab;rbs;xø Ün sþab;Bakürbs;Pikçúr Ub

enaHfa {elakd¾manGayu RBwkenH elakCasgÇefr³nwg)anslak-


Ptþ 8 sRmab; kñúgpÞHenaH} ehIyk¾kan;)aRtcIvrecjeTAkñúgrMeBcenaH

Ég evlaGruNrHeBlRBwkRBlwm k¾cUleTAQrenAeragslak Ca

sgÇefr³)anslakPtþ 8 sRmab; kñ úgpÞHrbs;nag . kñúgevla

EdlPikç úqan;kalBImSilmuijRtLb;eTAehIy eraK)anekIteLIgdl;

ragkayrbs;nag . eRBaHdUecñaH nageTIbedaHeRKÓgRbdab;ecj ehIy

edk . xN³enaH BYkTasIeXIjPikçúTaMgLaymkedIm,ITTYlsla-

kPtþ 8 sRmab; eTIbR)ab;nag . nagminGacTTYlnwgeTATTYl)aRt

edayédxø ÜnÉg)an b¤nimnþ[elakKg;)an )anEtbBa¢ ÚnBYknagTasI

fa {nageGIy nagcUrTTYl)aRtnimnþ[elakKg; [elakqan;bbr

ehIyfVayrbs;TMBar evlaGaharcUrdak;)aRt[eBjehIyfVay} .

TasITaMgenaHTTYlBaküfa {ca+nagm©as;} ehIynimnþ[elakcUleTA

[qan;bbr RbeKnrbs;TMBar evlaGahar k¾dak;GahareBj)aRt

ehIyk¾R)ab;nag . nageBalfa {BYknagcUrnaMKñaRKa´eTA ´nwgfVay

bgÁMelakm©as;} . TasITaMgenaHnaMKñaRKanageTArkPikçúTaMgLay nag

fVaybgÁMPikç úTaMgLayTaMgEdlragkaysÁaMgsÁm . PikçúenaHemIlnag


ehIyk¾Kitfa {nagQWehIy rUbragk¾enAs¥atdl;emøH kalnagmin

Tan;QWRbdab;edayGaPrN³RKb;y:ag nwgs¥atbu :NÑahñ+} . xN³

enaH kielsEdlsnSMTukeRcInekadiqña Mrbs;PikçúenaHk¾pSayeLIg .

PikçúenaHmindwgxøÜn minGacqan;Gahar)an kan;)aRtRtLb;mkkan;vihar

biT)aRtrkSaTukenARtg;mYykEnøg lacIvrcuHRkaledk . xN³enaH

Pikç úCasMLaj;mYyrUb sUm,IGgVrk¾minGac[elakqan;Gahar)an .

Pikç úenaHminqan;Gahar .

evlal¶acenaHÉg nagsirimak¾søab; . RBHraCaRTg;bBa¢Ún

dMNwgeTATUlRBHsasþafa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾cMerIn nagsirimab¥ ÚnRsI

rbs;eBTüCIvksøab;ehIy RBHGgÁ} . RBHsasþaRTg;RCabdMNwgenaH

ehIy RTg;bBa¢ ÚndMNwgeTAdl;RBHraCafa {ku MTan;eFV IQabnkic©sB

sirima sUmRTg;naMeTAkan;éRBexµacRss; [rkSaTukedayviFIEdlBYk

Ek¥kCaedImminTan;suI} . RBHraCak¾RTg;Rbtibtþ itamenaH . knøgeTA

3 éf¶tamlMdab; éf¶TI 4 ragkayrbs;nagk¾ehIme):ageLIg . BYk

dgáÚvk¾ecjGMBImat;dMe)ATaMg 9 . TUTaMgragkayk¾dUcCaqñaMg)ayRsÚv


salIEdlEbk . RBHraCak¾[vaysÁrRbkasTUeTAkñúgRBHnKrfa {evor

ElgEtekµgenAcaMpÞHecj GñkEdlminmkemIlnagsirima RtÚvBin½y

CaR)ak; 8 khabN³} ehIyRTg;bBa¢ ÚndMNwgeTATUlRBHsasþafa

{B¤fa RBHsgÇmanRBHBuT§CaRbFan esþcnwgmkemIlnagsirima} .

RBHsasþaeTIbRtas;R)ab;Pikç úTaMgLayfa {nwgeTAemIlnagsirima} .

PikçúkemøaHrUbenaHminRBmsþab;Bakürbs;nrNa edkGt;Gahar

4 éf¶ . Gaharkñ úg)aRtk¾p¥ u Úm )aRtk¾eLIgsñwm . Pikç úrUbenaHRtÚv

PikçúCasMLaj;cUlrk niyayfa {elak RBHsasþaesþcnwgeTAemIl

nagsirima} sUm,InwgRtÚvesckþIeRskXøanRKbsgát; EteBl)anB¤

PikçúCasMLaj;eBalecjeQµaHfasirima k¾Rbjab;eRkakeLIg sYrfa

{elakniyayGVI?} RtÚvPikç úsMLaj;eBalfa {RBHsasþaesþcnwgeTA

emIlnagsirima elaknwgeTAeT?} elakk¾eqøIyfa {eTA} . ehIy

cak;ecalGahar lag)aRtrkSaTukkñúgesøak eTACamYynwgPikçúsgÇ .

RBHsasþamanPikç úsgÇEhhm Rbfab;QrenAmçag . TaMgPikçúnIsgÇ

TaMgraCburs TaMg])askbris½T TaMg])asikabris½T naMKñaQrtam

-179- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ sir imavimansURtTI 16

kEnøgerog² xøÜn . RBHsasþaRtas;sYrRBHraCafa {fVayRBHBrmha

bBiRt enaHCanrNa?} RBHraCaTUlfa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn b¥ÚnRsI

rbs;eBTüCIvk eQµaHsirima RBHGgÁ} . RBHsasþaRtas;sYrfa {enaH

sirimab¤?} RBHraCaTUlfa {EmnehIyRBHGgÁ} . RBHsasþaRtas;

fa {ebIdUecñaH sUmRTg;[vaysÁrRbkasTUeTAkñ úgRBHnKrfa GñkTaMg

LaycUr[RTBü 1>000 khabN³ ehIyTTYlsirimaeTA} . RBH

raCaRtas;bgÁab;[bdibtþ itamenaH . bNþamnusSTaMgenaH minman

sUm,IRtwmEtmnusSmñak;Edlnwgniyayfa {´TTYl} . RBHraCaeTIb

RkabTUlRBHsasþafa {minmanGñkTTYleT RBHGgÁ} . RBHsasþa

Rtas;fa }ebIdUecñaH k¾cUrcuHtMélcuH mhabBiRt} . RBHraCak¾)an

[vaysÁrRbkasfa {nrNa[RTBü 500 k¾cUrTTYlsirimacuH} k¾

RTg;mineXIjnrNa² EdlnwgTTYl eTIb[vaysÁrRbkascuHtMél

250/ 200/ 100/ 50/ 25/ 20/ 10/ 5/ 1 khabN³ knøH-

khabN³/ 1 )at/ 1 mask³/ 1 kakNik/ [TeT² . bNþa

CnsUm,ITaMgenaH k¾minmanGñkNaniyayfa {´TTYl²} . RBHraCa


eTIbRkabTUlfa {[TeT² k¾minmannrNaTTYl RBHGgÁ} . RBHsasþa

RTg;sMEdgfa {mñalPikç úTaMgLay BYkGñkcUremIlmatuRKamEdlCaTI

RsLaj;rbs;mhaCn GMBImunGñkTaMgLaykñúgRBHnKrenH [RTBü

1>000 eTIb)annageTA 1 éf¶ \LÚvenH [TeT² k¾minmannrNa

TTYl namrUbmansPaBEbbenH dl;nUvkarGs;eTAvinaseTACaFmµta

RtÚvRbdab;edayeRKÓgRbdab;xageRkA k¾enAmandMe)A edaydMe)ATaMg

9 Edlq¥wg 300 kMNat;sagCaeRKag eFV I[ekþARkhayCaRbcaM

mnusScMENkeRcInKitR)afñacg;)an eRBaHmhaCnGñkl¶g;exøABYkmYy

Kity:ageRcIn CaGtþPaBEdlminsßitesßr} ehIyRtas;RBHKafafa

elakcUremIlGtþPaB Edlminmankarsßit-

esßr minmanPaBmaMTaM ¬Edlkmµ¦ eFVI[viciRtehIy

mankayCadMe)A manq¥wgCaeRKag EdlekþApSa Edl

mhaCnKitR)afñacg;)an} .

evlacb;eTsna PikçúEdlKitRsLaj;nagsirima )anR)ascak

qnÞraK³ ceRmInvibsSnaehIyk¾seRmcRBHGrhtþ . stVRbmaN


84>000 )anRtas;dwgFm’ .

sm½yenaH sirimaeTBkBaØa BicarNaemIlkarseRmcénsm,tþi

rbs;xø Ün xN³BicarNaemIlfa nagmkGMBINa k¾eXIjRBHman-

RBHPaKmanPikçúsgÇEhhmRbfab;Qr nigBYkmhaCnRbCuMKña Citrag

kayrbs;xø Ünkñ úgGtþPaBmun eTIbmaneTBkBaØa 500 Ehhm mk

R)akdkayRBmCamYyrf 500 eRKÓg cuHGMBIrfehIy manbrivartam

mk fVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaK ehIyQrpÁgGBa¢lI . sm½yenaHÉg

RBHvgÁIs³QrenAminq¶ayGMBIRBHmanRBHPaK eTIbRkabTUlfa {bBiRt

RBHmanRBHPaK ´RBHGgÁsUmRBHTanGnuBaØatsYrbBaða ¬cMeBaHnag¦

mYyRbkar} . RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;fa {vgÁIs³ cUrsYrbBaðatam

sb,aycuH} . RBHvgÁIs³eTIb)ansYrsirimaeTvFItafa

esHTaMgLayrbs;nag TwmrfehIy Rbdab;

y:agRbNIt manmuxsMyugcuHBIGakas mankmøaMg

mansnÞúH esHTaMgenaHTwmrf 500 EdlbuBaØkmµ

nimµitehIy dUcRtÚvnaysarfIdas;etOnehIy rEmg


tamnageTA nagRbdab;xø ÜnehIy manBnøWPø Wd UcePøIg

kMBugeqH QrenAelIrfd¾Pø WeRBagRBay .

EneTBFItaGñkmanrUbd¾RbesIr GñkKYreBjcitþ

emIlminNay GatµasUmsYrnag nagmkGMBIeTBBYk

Na eTIbcUlKal;RBHBuT§EdlminmannrNaRbesIr

éRkElgCag .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa yutþa c et brmGlgáta hya

¬esHTaMgLayrbs;nag TwmrfehIy Rbdab;edayeRKÓgGlgáard¾

brm¦ esckþIfa esHTaMgLay ¬éxsBÞ hya = GsSa¦ rbs;nag

EdlTwmrfrbs;nag Rbdab;edayeRKÓgGlgáar d¾brm KW d¾RbesIr

elIs y:agviess b¤Rbdab;edayeRKÓgGlgáarrbs;esH EdlCa

TiBVy:agéRkElg x<g;x<s; b¤CaesHGaCaenyüd¾kMBUl elIs RbesIr

bMput Rbdab;edayeRKÓgGlgáarRKb;y:ag b¤fa esHEdlTwmrfsmKYr

dl;nag nigrfrbs;nag b¤TwmrfehIyRbkbcUlKña eRBaHsmCamYy

Kña . k¾Baküfa brmGlgáata ¬Rbdab;d¾brm¦ kñúgKafaenaH Kb,I


RCabfa elakmineFIVsn§ikñ úgcMENkdMbUg EtEckcMENkxageRkay[

eXIjsBÞEdlminbþ Úrr Ub . Baküfa GeFamuxa ¬sMyugmuxcuH¦ )an

dl; manmuxTab . sUm,Ifa esHTaMgLayenAkñ úg\riyabfRbRktI

EtedayehtuEdlesHTaMgenaHcuHmkGMBIeTvelak esHTaMgenaH elak

eTIbehAfa sMyugmuxcuH . Baküfa GXsiKma¬1¦ ¬eTAkñ úgGakas

)an¦ )andl; eTAkan;evhas_ ¬KWehaH)an¦ . Baküfa BlI ¬man

kmøa Mg¦ )andl; mankmøaMgxøa Mg . Baküfa Cva ¬snÞúH¦ )andl;

elOnrh½s . GFib,ayfa mankmøaMg nigsnÞúHelOnrh½s . Bakü

fa GPinimµita ¬EdlbuBaØkmµnimµitehIy¦ )andl; EdlbuBaØkmµrbs;

nagnimµ it eFVI[ekIteLIg mü:ageTot sirimaeTvFIta eBalfa GPi-

nimiµta ¬nimiµtehIy¦ sMedAdl; nagnimiµteLIgedayxøÜnÉg eRBaHnag

CaeTvFItaCan;nimµanrtI . Kb,IRCabfa elakeRbIBaküfa bBa©rfa-

sta ¬Twmrf 500¦ eRBaHTIX³ f GkSr nigeRbICaligÁvibløas

edIm,I[smCamYynwgKafa b¤Kb,IeXIjfa minlubviPtþi . mann½y

fa rf 500 . bTfa GenVnþi tM sarfiecaTita¬2¦ hya ¬esHTaMg

bidk 1> mXsiKma / 2> sarfiecaTieta .


enaH>>> dUcRtÚvnaysarfIdas;etOnehIy rEmgtamnageTA¦ esckþI

fa mñaleTvtad¾ceRmIn esHTaMgenHTwmrfEdlsarfIdas;etOnehIy

mkRBmCamYynag . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa sarfiGecaTita . n½y

fa EdlsarfITaMgLayminRtÚvdas;etOneLIy k¾tamnageTA . n½y

mü:ageTot BakümYyfa sarfiecaTita hya elakeBaleFVICaTIX³

edIm,I[smCamYyKafa . RbkbesckþIfa rf 500 TwmedayesH

EdlsarfIdas;etOnehIy .

Baküfa sa tidæsi ¬nagenaH>>> QrenA¦ )andl; nagenaH

sßitenA . Baküfa rfver ¬elIrfd¾RbesIr¦ )andl; elId¾x<g;x<s; .

Baküfa Glgáta ¬EdlRbdab;GgÁehIy¦ )andl; manragkayRbdab;

edayTiBüalgáar manTm¶n; 60 reTH . Baküfa »PasyM Clmiv

eCati)aveka ¬Pø Wr ugerOgdUcCaePøIgPø WeRBagRBay¦ )andl; Pø WrugerOg

dUcePøIgeqHeRBagRBayeLIg . elakGFib,ayfa BnøWPø WsVagrugerOg

edayCuMvij . Baküfa eCati CaeQµaHTUeTArbs;RBHc®nÞRBHGaTitü

nigpáaynkçtþbJkSTaMgLay . Baküfa vrtnu ¬manrUbd¾RbesIr¦ )an


dl; GñkRTRTg;rUbkayd¾x<g;x<s; ¬KWs¥at¦ CaGñks¥atRKb;cMENk .

eRBaHehtuenaHÉg GenamTsSen ¬CaGñkKYrsresIr smøwgemIlmin

Nay¦ KW emIlminecHEq¥t GFib,ayfa KYremIl KYrRCHføa . bT

fa ksµa nu¬1¦ kaya GnFivrM ])aKmi ¬nagmkGMBIeTBBYkNa eTIb

cUlmkKal;RBHBuT§EdlminmannrNaRbesIréRkElg¦ esckþIfa nag

mkGMBIBYkeTBCan;Na eTIbmkKal;RBHsmµasm<úT§GñkRbesIrbMput .

eTvtaenaH RtÚvRBHefr³sYry:agenHehIy kalnwgENnaMxø Ün

eTIbeBalKafafa

bNÐitTaMgLayeBaldl;eTBBYkNa rbs;

BYkeTBd¾elIsedaykam CaeTBd¾kMBUl eTBBYkenaH

eRtkGredaykamsm,tþiEdlnimiµtehIy ´CaeTB-

GbSrEdlmanvNÑ³s¥at mkGMBIeTBBYkenaH mkkñúg

mnusSelakenH k¾edIm,IfVaybgÁMRBHBuT§ RBHGgÁmin

manGñkdéTRbesIréRkElgCag .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa kamKÁbtþanM ymahunutþrM¬2¦ ¬bNÐit

bidk 1> ksµa kaya>>> / 2> kamKÁbtþanM ymahu Gnutþra .


TaMgLayeBaldl;eTBBYkNa rbs;BYkeTBGñkelIsedaykamfa

CaeTBd¾kMBUl¦ esckþIfa bNÐitTaMgLayeBaleTBBYkNaRbesIr

edayys nigedayePaK³CaedIm rbs;eTBTaMgLayCan;brnimµ it-

vsvtIEdlnUvPaBCaGñkRbesIredayeRKÓg]bePaK KW kamTaMgLay

GMBIeTBBYkenaH . bTfa nimµay nimµay rmnþi eTvta ¬eTvtaBYk

enaHeRtkGredaykamsm,tþiEdlnimµ itehIy²¦ esckþIfa BYkeTvta

Can;nimµanrtI nimµitkamtamEdlxøÜnR)afñaedayxøÜnÉg rEmgeRtkGr

rIkray GPirmü . Baküfa tsµa kaya ¬mkGMBIeTvtaBYkenaH¦

)andl; GMBIeTvtaCan;nimµanrtIenaH . Baküfa kamvNiÑnI ¬man

vNÑ³l¥¦ )andl; GñkRTRTg;kamrUb GñkRTRTg;kaytamEdlR)afña .

Baküfa \FaKta ¬mkkñúgmnusSelakenH¦ )andl; mkkñúgTIenH KW

mnusSelakenH b¤mkkan;mnusSelakenH .

kaleTvtaR)ab;fa nagCaeTBCan;nimµanrtIy:agenHehIy RBH

efr³bMNgnwg[nageBaldl;PBmun buNüEdleFVIkñ úgPBenaH nig

lT§irbs;nag eTIb)aneBal 2 Kafafa


CatimunnwgmkkñúgTIenH nag)anRbRBwtþsucri-

t-kmµGV IT uk eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmanysrab;min

)an ceRmInedayesckþIsux bJT§ ×rbs;nagminman

bJT§×Na² RbesIrCag nigehaHeTAkñúgGakas)an TaMg

sm,úrrbs;nagk¾rugerOgTUeTATaMg 10 Tis EneTvta

nageTBGbSrEhhmeFVIskáar³ nagcutimkGMBITINa

eTIbmkkan;suKtienH b¤nag)aneeFVItam»vaTanusa-

snIrbs;sasþaGgÁNa RbsinebInagCaBuT§savika

esat sUmnagR)ab;Gatµapg .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa GacrI ¬)anRbRBwtþ¦ elakeRbI

CaTIX³ ¬sMeLgEvg¦ . GFib,ayfa snSM . Baküfa \F Rtwm

EtCani)at . n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa \F )andl; kñúgGtþPaB

eTvtaenH . Baküfa ekncäsi ¬eRBaHbuNüGVInageTIb¦ esckþIfa

eRBaHbuBaØkmµGVI nageTIbenAy:agsb,ay¬1¦ GacarüBYkxøHelaksURt

1¦ kñ úgKafaERbr Ym RbsinebIERbtamsBÞ GaceRbI)anfa {eFV IGV ImkeTIbCadUecñH} .


fa eknasi tVM . Baküfa Gmitysa )andl; manysrab;min)an

¬RtwmEtéxBakü G = n¦ KW manbrivarysmintic . Baküfa su-

exFita ¬ceRmInsux¦ )andl; ceRmInedayesckþIsux . GFib,ay

fa manTiBVsuxeBjl¥ . Baküfa \T§ I ¬bJT§ ×¦ )andl; GanuPaB

TiBV . Baküfa GnFivra ¬minmanbJT§ ×Na² RbesIrelIs¦ )andl;

eQµaHfa minmanbJT§×NaRbesIrCag eRBaHGtßfa minmanbJT§×déTEdl

éRkElg Edlviess GFib,ayfa x<g;x<s;Cag . Baküfa vihgÁma

¬ehaHeTAkñúgGakas)an¦ )andl; eTAtampøÚvGakas . Baküfa Ts

Tisa ¬TUeTATaMg 10 Tis¦ )andl; TaMg 10 Tis . Baküfa

vieracti ¬k¾r ugerOg¦ )andl; Pø WsVag .

bTfa briv uta skáta csi¬1¦ ¬ecamerameFVIskáar³¦ )andl;

CaGñkEdlBYkeTvtaecameramehIyedayCuMvij nigelIksresIrehIy .

bTfa kueta cuta suKtiKtasi ¬nagcüútGMBITINa eTIbmkkan;suKti

enH¦ )andl; CaGñkcuticakKtiNakñúgKtiTaMg 5 eTIbcUlmkdl;suKti

1¦ bidk = briv utskáta csi .


KW eTvKtienH edayGMNacbdisn§i . bTfa ksS va tV M vcn-

kranusasnI ¬nag)aneFVItam»vaTanusasnIrbs;sasþaGgÁNa¦ )an

dl; nageFVItamKtiedaykarTTYl»vaTanusasnIkñúgsasna KW Fmµ-

vin½yrbs;sasþaGgÁNa b¤fa Kb,IRCabesckþIkñ úgRbkarenHfa nag

eFVItamBakürbs;sasþaGgÁNa edaykartaMgenAkñúgBaküeRbónRbedA

rbs;sasþaGgÁNaGñkTUnµan .

RBHefr³RKasYrlT§irbs;nag edaymincMeBaHsasþay:agenH

ehIy eTIbsYrEbbcMeBaHsasþaeTotfa {Gacikç em tVM yTi BuT§savika

¬ebInagCaBuT§savikaesat sUmnagR)ab;Gatµapg¦} . bNþabTTaMg

enaH bTfa BuT§savika ¬BuT§savika¦ manvieRKaHfa eQµaHfa BuT§-

savika eRBaHGtßfa ekItkñúgTIbMputénkarsþab;Fm’rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK

GñkeQµaHfa BuT§³ eRBaHRtas;dwgejyüFm’RKb;y:agedayRBHsymÖÚ-

jaNedayRbckS dUcdwgc,as;EpøknÞÚtéRBdak;elI)atéd .

eTvtakalnwgR)ab;esckþIEdlRBHefr³sYry:agenH eTIb)an

eBalKafaTaMgenHfa


´Cabricarika ¬RsIbeRmI¦ rbs;RBHraCa ¬RBH)aT

Biim< isar¦ GñkRTRTg;KuNd¾RbesIr RTg;mansir Ikñ úg

mhanKrEdlsßabnaTuky:agl¥kñúgcenøaHPñM ´CMnaj

kñúgsil,³raMeRcógy:ageqñIm mnusSTaMgLaykñúgRkúg

raCRKwHsÁal;´kñ úgnamfa sir ima .

RBHBuT§RTg;Gg;Gac RTg;Ca\sI RTg;ENnaM

evenyüstV RTg;)ansEmþgkarmineTogénTukçsc©³

nigsmuTysc©³ RTg;sEmþgTukçnieraFsc©³ ¬karrlt;

Tukç¦ EdleTogBit Edlminmanbc©½ytak;Etg nig

RTg;sEmþgmKÁsc©³Edlminevoc CapøÚvRtg; pøÚvekSm

dl;´ ´luH)ansþab;GmtbT ¬pø Úvminsøab;¦ Edl

minmanbc©½ytak;Etg EdlCaBaküeRbónRbedArbs;

RBHtfaKt EdlRTg;minmanGñkdéTRbesIrCagehIy

k¾CaGñksRgÜmy:aghµt;ct;kñ úgsIlTaMgLay taMg

maMenAkñúgFm’ EdlRBHBuT§CabuKÁlRbesIrelIsnrCn


RTg;sEmþgTukehIy ´luH)andwgnUvbTEdlR)ascak

kielsdUcCaFUlI Edlbc©½ytak;Etgmin)an Edl

RBHtfaKtRTg;minmanGñkdéTRbesIrCag RTg;sEmþg

TukenaH éTIb)ansmö½sSsmaFiEdlekItGMBIesckþI

s¶b;kñ úgGtþPaBenaHÉg karN_enaHÉgCaesckþIBit

énmKÁpld¾kMBUlsRmab;´ luH´)anGmtFm’d¾RbesIr

EdleFVI[EbøkBIbufuC¢nehIy manesckþIeCOmaMeday

cMENkmYy seRmcKuNviesseRBaHRtas;dwg Gs;

esckþIsgS½y eTIbCaGñkEdlCnd¾eRcInbUCaehIy

)anesayesckþIsux esckþIeRtkGrmintic eday

RbkardUceBalmkenH éTIbCaeTBFItaEdleXIj

GmtFm’ Casavikarbs;RBHtfaKtEdlRTg;minman

GñkdéTNaRbesIrCag CaGñk)aneXIjFm’ CaGñk

taMgenAkñúgplfñak;dMbUg Caesatabnñ TuKÁtik¾minman

eTot énHmkedIm,IfVaybgÁMRBHtfaKt RBHGgÁminman


buKÁldéTRbesIrCag nigedIm,InmsáarnUvPikçúTaMgLay

EdlKYrRCHføa CaGñkeRtkGrkñ úgFm’Cakusl nig

edIm,InmsáarsmaKmrbs;smN³d¾ekSm ´CaGñk

manesckþIeKarBkñúgRBHFm’raCad¾mansir I ´luH)an

eXIjRBHmunIehIy k¾mancitþr Ikray eRtkGr sUm

fVaybgÁMRBHtfaKt RTg;RbesIrCagnrCn nigRTg;

CasarfIhVwkhat;buKÁlEdlKYrhVwkhat; RTg;pþac;bg;

tNðaecjehIy RTg;eRtkGrEtkñúgkuslFm’ RTg;

ENnaMevenyüstV[putTukç RTg;GnueRKaHstVelak

edayRbeyaCn_d¾FMéRkElg .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa nKnþer ¬kñ úgcenøaHPñ M¦ )andl;

kñ úgcenøaHkNþalPñM 5 KW \siKili evbulø³ evPar³ bNÐv³ nig

KiCÄKUd . eRBaHehtuenaH nKrenaHeTIbehAKñafa Kir iBVCnKr ¬nKr

EdlmanPñM 5 B½T§Cu Mvij¦ . Baküfa nKrver ¬kñ úgmhanKr¦ )an

dl; kñúgnKrd¾]tþm . sirimaeTvFItaeBaldl;RkúgraCRKwH . Baküfa


sumabiet ¬EdlsßabnaTuky:agl¥¦ )andl; EdlmhaeKavinÞbNÐit

sßabnaedayl¥ edayviFIeRbIviC¢aemIlEpndI . Baküfa bricarika

¬Ca®sþIbMer I¦ )andl; CaGñkRbNib½tn_edaykarbMerIedaysgÁIt³ .

Baküfa raCvrsS ¬rbs;RBHraCaGñkRTRTg;KuNd¾RbesIr¦ )andl;

rbs;RBH)aTBim< isarmharaCGñkd¾RbesIr . GacarüTaMgLayeBal

fa Baküfa siri kñúgBaküfa sirimeta ¬RTg;mansirI¦ enH CaeQµaH

rbs;BuT§ i ¬kardwg¦ nigbuNü . n½ymü:ageTot sm,tþimanesckþI

Rss;s¥aténragkayCaedIm EdlekIteRBaHbuNü elakehAfa siri

eRBaHGaRs½ybuNüEdleFVITuk b¤EdlbuNü EdleFVITukGaRs½y .

sirIenaHmanehIydl;RBHraCaenaH ehtuenaH RBHraCaenaHeTIbRTg;

eQµaHfa sirima . RBHraCaGñkRTg;mansirIGgÁenaH . Baküfa br-

msusikçita ¬manPaBCMnaj>>> d¾eqñIm¦ )andl; sikSaehIyy:agéRk

Elg nigedayl¥ . Baküfa GhuM ¬man¦ )andl; )anehIy .

Baküfa GevTwsu ¬sÁal;¦ )andl; EdleKsÁal;TUeTAehIy .

kñúgBaküfa \sinisePa ¬RTg;CaGñkGg;GacCagBYk\sI¦ hVÚg


rbs;eKa 100 k,al eQµaHfa ]sP³ . hVÚgrbs;eKa 1>000

k,al eQµaHfa vsP³ . n½ymü:ageTot hVÚgeKa 100 Büam eQµaH

fa ]sP³ . hVÚgeKa 1>000 Büam eQµaHfa vsP³ . eKaEdl

RbesIrCageKaTaMgBYg Gt;Fn;cMeBaHGnþrayRKb;y:ag BN’sKYrRCHføa

pÞúkPar³rbs;F¶n;)aneRcIn sUm,IsMeLgrnÞH 100 dg k¾mineFVI[jab;

j½r eQµaHfa nisP³ . eKanisP³enaH RbkbedaykmøaMgeKanisP³

eRbIeCIg 4 Can;EpndI GnþrayNa² eFVI[jab;j½rmin)an Qrs‘b;

edaykarQrminkeRmIk y:agNa RBHmanRBHPaKk¾dUecñaH RTg;Rbkb

edaykmøaMgrbs;RBHtfaKt RTg;eRbIRBH)aT KW evsarC¢BaØaNTaMg

4 Can;elIEpndI KW bris½T 8¬1¦ Edlbc©amiRtGñkkat;RbeyaCn_Na²

kñúgelakRBmTaMgeTvelak eFVI[jab;j½rmin)an RTg;Rbfab;Qrs‘b;

edaykarRbfab;QrminkeRmIk eRBaHehtuenaH eTIbRTg;CanisP³

eRBaHRTg;dUcCaeKanisP³ eQµaHfa RTg;CanisP³kñ úgBBYkGñkEsVg

1¦ bris½T 8 )andl; xtþ iybris½T/ RBahµNbris½T/ KhbtIbr is½T/ smN-

bris½T/ catumharaCbris½T/ tavtwgSsris½T/ marbris½T/ RBhµbris½T .


rkKuNEdlCaeskç³ nigGeskç³ Edl)aneQµaHfa \si ¬\sI¦

eRBaHGtßfa EsVgrkFmµkçn§ mansIlCaedIm b¤eQµaHfa nisP³én

rbs;BYk\sITaMgLay b¤Ca\sIpg CanisP³pg eRBaHehtuenaH

eTIbeQµaHfa \sinisP³ ¬TaMgCa\sI TaMgnisP³¦ . RTg;eQµaHfa

vinayeka ¬GñkENnaMstVelak¦ eRBaHRTg;ENnaMevenyüstVTaMgLay

n½ymü:ageTot RTg;R)ascakGñkENnaM ehtuenaH eTIbRTg;eQµaHfa

vinayk ¬minmanGñkENnaM¦ GFib,ayfa RTg;CasymÖÚ ¬RTg;Rtas;

dwgedayRBHGgÁÉg¦ .

Baküfa GeTsyi smuTyTukçnic©tM ¬RTg;)ansMEdgesckþI

mineTogénTukçsc©³ nigsmuTysc©³¦ )andl; )anRtas;fa smu-

Tysc©³ nigTukçsc©³mineTog Gs;eTACaFmµta . eRBaHehtuenaH

sirimaeTvFItaeTIbsMEdgGakarRbRBwtþeTAénjaN KW karRtas;dwg

rbs;xø Ünfa {vtßúNanImYymankarekItCaFmµta vtß úenaHTaMgGs;k¾man

karrlt;eTACaFmµta} . n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa smuTyTukçnic©tM

¬esckþImineTogénTukçsc©³ nigsmuTysc©³¦ )andl; smuTysc©³


Tukçsc©³ nigGnic©ta ¬PaBCarbs;mineTog¦ . kñúgBaküenaH eTvFIta

sMEdgvibsSnaPUmiedaysBÞfa smuTysc©³ nigBaküfa Tukçsc©³

sMEdgGakarRbRBwtþeTAénvibsSnaPUmienaH edaysBÞfa Gnic©ta .

BitehIy kalGakar KW karmineTogénsgçarTaMgLayR)akdc,as;

Gakar KW Tukç Gakar KW Gntþa k¾R)akdc,as;pg eRBaHGakarTaMg

3 enaHCab;Tak;TgCamYysgçarenaH . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaK

eTIbRtas;fa {vtßúNamineTog vtß úenaHCaTukç vtß úNaCaTukç vtß úenaHk¾

CaGntþa} . bTfa GsgçtM TukçnieraFM ssStM ¬TukçnieraFsc©³Edl

eTogBit Edlminmanbc©½ytak;Etg¦ )andl; eQµaHfa Gsgçt³

eRBaHbc©½yGVI² tak;Etgmin)an . RbkbesckþIfa RTg;)ansMEdg

Griysc©³Fm’ EdleQµaHfa TukçnieraF eRBaHrlt;Tukçkñúgvdþ³TaMgGs;

EdleQµaHfa ssSt³ eRBaHCarbs;BitRKb;sm½y dl;´ . bTfa

mKÁBa©imM GkudilmBa¢sM¬1¦ sivM ¬mKÁsc©³Edlminevoc CapøÚvRtg; pøÚv

ekSm¦ esckþIfa mKÁ eQµaHfa minevoc eRBaHevorcakpø ÚvevocTaMg

1¦ bidk = mKÁBa © im M GkudilM GBa ¢sM siv M .


2 ¬kamsuxløikanueyaK nigGtþkilmfanueyaK¦ nigeRBaHlHkiels

manmayaCaedImEdleFVI[evoc nigkarevocpøÚvkayCaedImecj)an .

eQµaHfa Capø ÚvRtg; k¾eRBaHminevocenaHÉg eQµaHfa pø ÚvekSm k¾

eRBaHkat;kielsmankamraK³CaedImEdleFVI[minceRmInrugerOg )an

CasmuecäT )andl;niBVan . Baküfa mKÁM ¬mKÁsc©³¦ RbkbesckþI

fa RTg;)ansMEdgdl;´ nUvGriysc©³ eBalKW TukçnieraFKaminIbdibTa

EdlRbckSehIydl;elakm©as; nig´ Edl)annamfa mKÁ k¾eRBaH

GñkRtÚvkarRBHniBVanEsVgrk b¤eRBaHsmøab;kielsTaMgLay)anehIy

eTA .

kñúgbTfa sutVanhM GmtbTM GsgçtM tfaKtsS GnFivrsS

sasnM ¬luH´)ansþab;GmtbTEdlminmanbc©½ytak;Etg EdlCa

BaküeRbónRbedArbs;RBHtfaKt RTg;minmanGñkdéTRbesIrCag¦ enH

manesckþIsegçbdUecñHfa ´)ansþab;RBHsT§mµ BaküeRbónRbedAEdl

eQµaHfa GmtbT Gsgçt³ eRBaHRTg;sMEdgedaycMeBaHdl;RBHniBVan

EdlCaGmtbT Gsgçt³ b¤eRBaHCa])ay[dMeNIrdl;Gmt³ b¤RBH


niBVan nwgeRBaHsUm,Ibc©½yNa² k¾tak;EtgRBHniBVanmin)an rbs;

RBHGgÁGñkeQµaHfa tfaKt eRBaHGtßfa mankaresþcmky:agenaH

CaedIm RTg;CaRBHsmµasm<úT§ EdleQµaHfa minmanGñkdéTRbesIr

Cag eRBaHRTg;CaGñkRbesIrkñúgelak RBmTaMgeTvelak . Baküfa

sIelsVahM ¬kñ úgsIlTaMgLay¦ )andl; ´ ¬CaGñksRgÜmy:ag

hµt;ct;¦ kñúgsIlTaMgLayEdl[seRmcRbeyaCn_CaEpøpáa . Bakü

fa brmsusMv uta ¬sRgÜmd¾]tþm¦ )andl; sRgÜml¥éRkElg KW

edayl¥ . Baküfa GhuM esµInwg Gehasw ¬man¦ . Baküfa Femµ

zita ¬taMgenAkñúgFm’¦ )andl; taMgenAkñ úgbdibtþ iFm’ .

Baküfa jtVan ¬luHdwgc,as;¦ )andl; dwgedaykarRtas;

dwg edaykareFVI[Cak;c,as; . Baküfa tetßv ¬kñúgGtþPaBenaHÉg¦

)andl; kñ úgxN³enaH² Ég b¤kñ úgGtþPaBenaH² Ég . Baküfa

smfsmaFimapusw ¬eTIb)ansmö½sSsmaFiEdlekItGMBIesckþIs¶b;¦

)andl; Bal;RtÚv KW seRmcelakutþrsmaFi EdlCasmf³cMENk

brmtß eRBaHs¶b; eRBaHrm¶ab; edaylHbg;Fm’cMENkCasRtÚv)anCa


smuecäT . k¾RbsinebIxN³Na Rtas;dwgedaykareFV I[Cak;c,as;

nUvnieraF xN³enaHÉg k¾CakarRtas;dwgedaykarceRmInmKÁ k¾edIm,I

nwgsMEdgkardwgcak;FøúHnUvGarmµN_ eFVI[dUcCaehtuénkarcak;FøúHeday

Pavna seRmcCaxagedIm eTvtaeTIbeBalfa

luH´dwgbTEdlR)ascakkielsdUcFUlI Edl

bc©½ytak;Etgmin)an EdlRBHtfaKtminmanbuKÁl

déTRbesIrCag RTg;sMEdgTukenaH ´eTIb)ansmö½sS

smaFiEdlekItGMBIesckþIs¶b;kñúgGtþPaBenaHÉg .

dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {GaRs½yckçú nigrUb ckçú-

viBaØaNeTIbekIt} . n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa jtVan ¬luHdwg¦ Kb,I

RCabfa eTvtaeBalCasmankiriya¬1¦ ¬BakükiriyapøÚvPasaEdlkiriya

tictYc¦ dUcEdlRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukfa {RBHGaTitü]T½ykan;épÞ

¬1¦ KW Bakükir iyatUctac kñ úgTIenH KW t Van³ bc© ½y ¬jtVan¦ eF V Im uxnaTIRBmCamYyBakü kir iyarkSaBakü ¬K W Gapusw¦ dUec ñaH tamn½yeRkaynwgERbfa luHRtas;d wg min)an ]bma EdlelIkmkbBa ¢ak ; dUcRBHGaTitürHeLIgCamYykark Mcat ;esckþIgg wt k¾ek IteLIgxN³EtmYy b¤Rbhak;RbEhlKña BaküEdlelIkmkenHenAkñ úg xuT Þknikay BuT§vgS .


emX kMcat;ggwt[Gs;eTA} . Baküfa saeyv ¬karenaH¦ )andl;

karBal;RtÚvelakutþrsmaFiEdl)anehIyenaHÉg . Baküfa brm-

niyamta ¬CaesckþIBiténmKÁpld¾]tþm¦ )andl; CaesckþIBiténmKÁ

y:agx<g;x<s;bMput .

Baküfa viessM ¬EdleFVI[Ebøk¦ )andl; Ebøk KW [seRmc

esckþIx usGMBIbufuC¢nTaMgLay . Baküfa ÉkMsika ¬eTIbeCOmaMEt

mü:ag¦ )andl; Gs;esckþIsgS½ykñúgRBHrtnRt½y EdlmankareCO

maMEtmü:agfa RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rtas;dwgÉgedayRbéB RBHFm’Edl

RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;Tukl¥ehIy RBHsgÇCaGñkRbtibtþ il¥ehIy .

Baküfa GPismey viessyi ¬seRmcKuNviesseRBaHRtas;dwg¦

)andl; seRmcKuNviessedaykarcak;FøúHnUvsc©³ . GacarüBYkxøH

sURtfa viessinI k¾man . mann½yfa manKuNviesseRBaHehtu

Rtas;dwg . Baküfa GsMsya ¬Gs;karsgS½y¦ )andl; eQµaH

fa R)ascakesckþIsgS½y eRBaHlHesckþIsgS½yEdlmanvtßú 16

nigvtßú 8 )anehIy . GacarüBYkxøHsURtfa GsMsiya . Baküfa


BhuCnbUCita ¬eTIbCaGñkEdlCnd¾eRcInbUCaehIy¦ esckþIfa man

KuNEdlGñkeTAkan;suKtidéTKb,IR)afña . Baküfa xiDÐa rtw ¬esckþI

r Ikray esckþIeRtkGr¦ )andl; esckþIeRtkGrEdlCakarelg .

mü:ageTot elgpg eRtkGrpg KW enAedaykarelg nigsux nig

esckþIr Ikray .

Baküfa GmtTsmði ¬GñkeXIjGmtFm’¦ )andl; ´CaGñk

eXIjGmt³ CaGñkeXIjRBHniBVan . Baküfa FmµTÞsa ¬CaGñk)an

eXIjFm’¦ )andl; eXIjFm’ KW sc©³ 4 . Baküfa esatabnña

¬Caesatbnñ¦ )andl; Gñkdl;RkEsGriymKÁxagedIm . Baküfa

n c bn mtßi¬1¦ ¬CakarminmaneTot¦ )andl; Et´minmanTuKÁti

eRBaHminmankarFøak;cuHCaFmµta .

Baküfa )asaTiek¬2¦ ¬EdlKYrRCHføa¦ )andl; naMnUvesckþI

RCHføa . Baküfa kuslret ¬CaGñkeRtkGrkñ úgFm’cMENkkusl¦

)andl; CaGñkeRtkGrkñúgkuslFm’EdlminmaneTas KW RBHniBVan .

bidk 1> n c bunmtßi / 2> )asaTiet .


Baküfa Pikçeva ¬mñalPikç úTa MgLay¦ esµIn wg Pikç Ú RbkbCamYyBakü

fa {mkedIm,Inmsáar} . Baküfa smNsmaKmM sivM ¬karsmaKm

rbs;smN³d¾ekSm¦ P¢ab;esckþIfa ´cUlmkk¾edIm,InwgGgÁúyCit

karsmaKm KW sgÁmd¾ekSm KW CaFm’putcakP½yCamYyRBHBuT§ nig

BuT§savkEdlCasmN³Gñks¶b;)ab . Baküfa sirimeta FmµraCiena

¬kñúgRBHFmµraCaRTg;manRBHsirI¦ CaqdæIviPtþi eRbIkñúgGtßstþmIviPtþi .

GFib,ayfa kñúgRBHFmµraCaGñkRTRTg;sirI . nigGacarüepSg² sURt

dUcKña KW Rtg;Kña .

Baküfa muTitmnmði ¬k¾mancitþeRtkGr¦ )andl; ´mancitþ

rIkrayehIy . Baküfa bINita ¬Eq¥t¦ )andl; eRtkGr . n½y

mü:ageTot )andl; Eq¥tedayrsénbIti . Baküfa nrvrTmµsarfw

¬RTg;RbesIrCagnrCn nigRTg;CasarfITUnµanbuKÁlEdlKYrTUnµan¦ )an

dl; RBHGgÁRBHnamfa sarfITUnµanbuKÁlEdlKYrTUnµan eRBaHRTg;Ca

GñkRbesIrCagnrCn eRBaHRTg;CabuKÁld¾x<s;bMputpg CasarfITUnµan

buKÁlEdlKYrTUnµan eRBaHRTg;naMCnEdlKYrTUnµan KW evenyüstVEdl


KYrTUnµan [manmuxeq<aHeTAkan;RBHniBVanpg . ¬´sUmfVaybgÁMRBH

tfaKt¦ RBHGgÁenaH . Baküfa brmhitanukm,kM ¬RTg;GanueRKaH

stVelakedayRbeyaCn_d¾FMéRkElg¦ )andl; RTg;GnueRKaHstVTaMg

BYg edayRbeyaCn_d¾FMTUlay y:agéRkElg KW d¾x<s;bMput .

sirimaeTBFIta RKaRbkasesckþIRCHføakñúgRBHrtnRt½y eday

RbkaslT§irbs;xøÜny:agenHehIy k¾fVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaK nigPikçú-

sgÇ eFVIRbTkSiN ¬vileTAxagsþaM¦ ehIy RtLb;eTAkan;eTvelak

dUcedIm . RBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;eFV IerOgEdlekIteLIgenaHÉg [Ca

Gtßúb,tþi ¬ehtuekIterOg¦ ehIyRTg;sMEdgFm’ . kñúgevlacb;eTsna

Pikç úGñkrsab;rsl;)anseRmcRBHGrhtþ . RBHFmµeTsnaenaHekIt

RbeyaCn_dl;bris½TEdlenAkñ úgTICamYyKñapg .

cb;Gdækfa sirimavimanTI 16

3


Gdðkza ebskariyvimanTI 17

{vimanrbs;FItaCagtm,aj}

[17] ebskariyviman manBaküepþ Imfa \TM vimanM rucir M

bPsSrM ¬vimanenHl¥s¥at manssrCaEkvBiTUrü¦ ebskariyviman

enaHekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgéRB\sibnmiKTayv½n naRkúg

BaraNsI . sm½yenaH evlaRBwk Pikç úd¾eRcInesøókdNþb;ehIy

Rbdab;)aRt nigcIvrcUleTAbiNÐ)atenAkñúgRkúgBaraNsI . PikçúTaMg

enaHedIrcUleTACitTVarpÞHrbs;RBahµN_mñak; . kñúgpÞHenaH FItarbs;

RBahµN_eQµaHebskarI kMBugrkécGMBIsIs³rbs;mata enARtg;TVar

pÞH eXIjPikçúTaMgenaHkMBugedIreTA eTIbniyaynwgmatafa {Em: mnusS

TaMgenHbYsTaMgEdlenAkMelaH enAkñúgbzmv½y s¥at KYremIl Tn;Pøn;

muxEtnwg)anTTYlesckþIvinasGV IehIy ehtuGVIhñ + eTIbnaMKñabYskñúg

v½yenH} . mataniyaynwgFItafa {kUneGIy man»rsRtkUlsakü³

ecjbYsGMBIraCRtkUlsakü³ ekItCaRBHBuT§eLIgkñ úgelak RBHGgÁ

-205- Gdækfa bIzvKÁ ebskariyvimansURtTI 17

RTg;sMEdgFm’s¥atkñúgxagedIm s¥atkñúgkNþal s¥atkñúgxagcug RTg;

RbkasRBhµcriy³ RBmTaMgGtß RBmTaMgBüBa¢n³ brisuT§bribUN’

edaysBVRKb; GñkbYsTaMgenHsþab;Fm’rbs;RBHGgÁehIy eTIbnaMKña

ecjbYs} .

sm½yenaH ])askmñak;seRmcpldwgc,as;BaküTUnµan edIr

eTAtampøÚvenaH )anB¤BaküeBalenaHehIy k¾cUleTArk®sþITaMg 2

nak;enaH . xN³enaH RBahµNIeTIbeBalnwg])askenaHfa {mñal

])ask \LÚvenH kulbuRtcMnYneRcIn lHbg;ePaKsm,tþid¾eRcIn lH

bg;jati naMKñabYskñúglT§irbs;RBHsakü³ kulbuRtTaMgenaHeXIj

RbeyaCn_GV Ihñ+ eTIbnaMKñabYs?} ])asksþab;BaküenaHehIyeBal

fa {eXIjeTaskñúgkamTaMgLay eXIjGanisgSkñ úgkarecjbYs}

ehIyeTIbbriyayesckþIenaHtamsmKYrdl;kMLaMg énkardwgrbs;xøÜn

edayBisþar BN’naKuNrbs;RBHrtnRt½y RbkasKuNanisgSrbs;

sIl 5 TaMgbc©úb,nñ TaMgxagmux . lMdab;enaH FItarbs;RBahµN_

eTIbsYr])askenaHfa {ebIBYkeyIgtaMgenAkñúgsrN³ nigsIlehIy


nwgseRmcKuNanisgSEdlelakeBal )anxøHb¤eT?} ])askenaH

eBalfa {Fm’TaMgenH RBHmanRBHPaKRtas;TukTUeTAsRmab;mnusS

RKb;Kña ehtuGVInig ¬seRmc¦ min)an} ehIy)an[srN³ nigsIl

dl;nag . FItaRBahµN_enaH TTYlsrN³ smaTansIlehIy

sYreTotfa {kic©EdlKYreFVIéRkElgCagenHmaneToteT?} . ])ask

enaHeXIjfanageBjcitþ dwgfa nagKg;nwgman]bnisS½y kalnwg

RbkassPav³rbs;ragkay eTIbR)ab;kmµdæan KW Gakar³ 32 [nag

ekItesckþIenOyNaykñúgragkay éRkElgCagenaH [segVKeday

FmµkfaEdlRbkbedayéRtlkçN³ mankarmineTogCaedIm R)ab;pøÚv

vibsSna[ ehIycakecjeTA . FItarbs;RBahµN_enaH eFV ITukkñúg

citþRKb;BaküEdl])askenaHeBalehIy mancitþmaMTaMkñ úgkarmn-

sikarbdikUlsBaØa epþ ImtaMgvibsSna eRBaHkarRBmeRBógén]bni-

sS½y minyUrb:unµan k¾taMgenAkñúgesatabtþipl . sm½ytmk nag

k¾søab; ehIy)aneTAekItCabricarikarbs;skáeTvraC maneTBGbSr

100>000 nak;Cabrivar . skáeTvraCeXIjnagehIy ekItesckþI


Gs©arü manhb£T½yrIkray eTIbRtas;sYrdl;kmµEdlnageFV Ieday

4 Kafafa

vimanenHl¥s¥at manssrCaEkvBiTUrü PøW

rugerOgsBVkal føas¥atKµanmnÞil manedImeQImas

duHB½T§CuMvij CasßanTIekItedayvi)akkmµrbs;eyIg .

eTBGbSrmanmunTaMgEsnBYkenH k¾ekItkñúgvimanenaH

eRBaHkmµrbs;xøÜnÉg nag)anRKb;RKgCaGñkRBmeRBóg

edaybrivarys BnøWrsµIRKbsgát;BYkeTvtaEdl

ekItmun . RBHcnÞCaesþcénpáay rugerOgRKbsgát;

BYkpáay y:agNa nagkalEføgrsµIehIyk¾rugerOg

RKbsgát;eTBGbSrBYkenH edaybrivarys y:ag

enaHEdr EnnageTBFItaGñkKYrsMLwgemIlminNay

nagmkBINa eTIb)anmkdl;PBrbs;eyIgenH eyIg

TaMgGs;minEq¥tedaykaremIlnag dUcCaBYkeTvta

Can;éRtTs RBmTaMgRBH\nÞ minEq¥tedaykaremIl


GgÁRBHRBhµ dUecñaH .

skáeTvraCRtas;fa \TM vimanM ¬vimanenH¦ kñ úgKafaenaH

RTg;sMedAykvimanrbs;RBHGgÁ EdleTvtaenaHeTAekIt . Baküfa

sstM ¬sBVkal¦ RbkbesckþIfa KYrRsLaj; manrsµIPø WRKb;

evla . n½ymü:ageTot Baküfa sstM )andl; pSayeTAeday

CuMvij . GFib,ayfa TUlMTUlayéRkElg . Baküfa smnþematßtM

¬RKbdNþb;edayCMuv ij¦ )andl; RKbdNþb;edayCuMvij . esþc

skáeTvraCRtas;fa zanM ¬sßanTI¦ RTg;sMedAykvimanenaHÉg .

BitehIy vimanenaH ehAfa zan³ ¬sßanTI¦ eRBaHCaTIenArbs;Gñk

eFV IbuNü . Baküfa kmµvi)aksmÖvM ¬ekItedayvi)akkmµ¦ )andl;

ekItedayCavi)akrbs;kmµ b¤ekItRBmCamYyvi)akrbs;kmµ . Bakü

fa mmM Kb,IRbkbcUlCamYy 2 BaküCa \TM mm zanM/ mm

kmµvi)aksmÖvM ¬sßanTIrbs;eyIgenHekItedayvi)akkmµrbs;eyIg¦ .

kñúgBaküfa tRtÚbbnña ¬ekItkñúgvimanenaH¦ manesckþIsegçb

y:agenHfa GbSrBYkmunmancMnYnEsnnak; eQµaHfa buBVeTvta eRBaH


ekIteLIgmun k¾cUldl; KW ekIteLIg kñúgvimanenaH KW kñúgviman

tamEdleBalehIyenaH . Baküfa tuv Msi ¬nagCa¦ )andl; xø Ün

nagCaGñkcUldl; ekIteLIgedaykmµrbs;xøÜnÉg . Baküfa ys-

sSinI ¬GñkRBmeRBógedaybrivarys¦ )andl; GñkRBmeRBógeday

brivarys . GFib,ayfa xø ÜnnagbeBa©jrsµIr ugerOg taMgenAeday

kmµ KW edayGanuPaBkmµrbs;xø ÜnenaHÉg .

\LÚvenH skáeTraCkalnwgRTg;RbkasrsµIenaH eday]bma

eTIbRtas;Kafafa ssI ¬RBHc®nÞ¦ CaedIm . esckþIrbs;KafaenaH

fa RBHc®nÞ)aneQµaHfa ssI ¬manTnSay¦ eRBaHRbkbedayRtarUb

TnSay nigeQµaHfa raCaéndYgtara eRBaHmanKuNéRkElgCagdYg

taraTaMgLay rEmgrugeracn_PøWsVagRKbsgát;dYgtaraTaMgBYg y:ag

Na xøÜnnagkalrugerOgedayysrbs;xøÜn k¾rugerOgPø WknøgRsIGbSr

eTBkBaØaBYkenH dUecñaHdUcKña . k¾Baküfa \ma nig \mM RtwmEtCa

ni)at . EtGacarüBYkxøHeBalfa {nagrugeracn_dUcCaraCaéndYgtara

EdlrugerOgkñúgBYktaradUecñaH} .


\LÚvenH skáeTvraCkalnwgRtas;sYrdl;PBmunrbs;eTvta

enaH nigbuNüEdleTvtaenaHeFV ITukkñúgPBenaH eTIbRtas;sYrfa mk

GMBIPBNa CaedIm . bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa kueta n GaKmµ

¬nagmkGMBINa¦ esckþIfa EnnagGñkKYrRsLaj; smøwgemIlmin

Nay KW s¥atRKb;cMENk eRBaHbuBaØkmµGVIhñ+CatYehtu nageTIbcUl

mkdl; KW cUldl;edaykarcab;kMeNItenAkñ úgPBrbs;eyIgenH .

skáeTvraCkalnwgRTg;RbkasesckþIEdlRtas;fa GenamTsSen ¬nag

KYrRsLaj; emIlminNay¦ enaH eday]bma eTIbRtas;fa RBhµMv

eTva tiTsa shinÞka seBV n tb,ames TsSenn tM ¬eyIg

TaMgGs;minEq¥tedaykaremIlnag dUcBYkeTBCan;éRtTs RBmTaMg

RBH\nÞ minEq¥tedaykareXIjGgÁénRBHRBhµdUec ñaH¦ kñ úgKafaenaH

esckþIfa BYkeTvtaCan;tavtwgSEdleQµaHfa rYmTaMgRBH\nÞ eRBaHRBm

TaMgRBH\nÞ kalCYbesþcshm,tIRBhµ b¤sngáúmarRBhµEdlesþc

mk rEmgminEq¥tedaykaremIl y:agNa BYkeyIgCaeTvtaRKb;GgÁ

rEmgminEq¥tedaykaremIlnag dUecñaH .


k¾eTvtaGgÁenaHRtÚvskácmeTBRtas;sYry:agenHehIy kal

nwgRbkasesckþIenaH eTIbeBal 2 Kafafa

bBiRtesþcská³ RBHGgÁRTg;sYr´RBHGgÁenH

dl;bBaðaNafa cutimkGMBIPBNa eTIb)anmkdl;

PBrbs;elakenH ´RBHGgÁCaFItaCagtm,aj enA

kñúgRkúgBaraNsI EdlCaraCFanIénEdnkasI ´RBH

GgÁCaGñkmancitþRCHføakñúgRBHBuT§ RBHFm’ nigRBHsgÇ

eCOs‘b; Gs;esckþIsgS½y mansikçabTmindac;

seRmcnUvpl CaGñkeTogTat;kñúgFm’ KW karRtas;

dwg CaGñkminmaneraK .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa yemtM ¬bBaðaNa¦ )andl; bBaða

enaHNa . Baküfa Gnubucäes ¬Rtas;sYr¦ )andl; RBHGgÁRtas;

sYredayeGIeBI . Baküfa mmM esµInwg mM ¬´RBHGgÁ¦ . Baküfa

burtß i kat;bTCa burM Gtßi . Baküfa kasInM ¬rbs;EdnkasI¦ )an

dl; rbs;kasirdæ . eTvtaRbkasnamxøÜnkñúgGtþPaBmunfa ebs-


karika ¬CaFItaCagtm,aj¦ RbkasbuNürbs;xøÜnedayBaküfa BueT§

c Femµ c ¬kñ úgRBHBuT§ RBHFm’¦ CaedIm .

esþcská³ kalnwgRTg;GnuemaTnabuBaØsm,tþ i nigTiBVsm,tþi

enaHrbs;nag eTIbRtas;fa

EneTBFIta nagmancitþRCHføakñ úgRBHBuT§ RBH

Fm’ RBHsgÇ eCOs‘b; Gs;esckþIsgS½y mansikça-

bTmin)andac; seRmcGriypl CaGñkeTogkñúgFm’

KW karRtas;dwg CaGñkminmaneraK eyIgsUmsEmþg

esckþIeRtkGrcMeBaHbuBaØsm,tþ ienaHrbs;nag nig

karmkedayl¥rbs;nag nagrEmgrugerOgedayFm’

nigys .

bNþabTTaMgenaH bTfa tnþÈaPinnÞames ¬eyIgsUmsMEdg

esckþIeRtkGrcMeBaHbuBaØsm,tþienaHrbs;nag¦ )andl; eyIgeRtkGr

GnuemaTnasm,tþisUm,ITaMg 2 rbs;nagenaH . Baküfa sVaKtBa©

et ¬nigkarmkedayl¥rbs;nag¦ )andl; nigkarmkkñúgTIenHrbs;


nag Cakarmkedayl¥ CaTIceRmInbIti nigesamnsSdl;BYkeyIg .

Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

skáeTvraCR)ab;karRbRBwtþeTAenaHdl;RBHmhaemaKÁløanefr³ RBH

efr³eTIbRkabTUlfVayRBHmanRBHPaK . RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;naMesckþI

enaH[CaGtßúb,tþ i ¬ehtuekIterOg¦ ehIyRTg;sMEdgFm’dl;bris½T

EdlRbCuMKñaenaH . RBHeTsnaenaH)anekItRbeyaCn_dl;mnusSelak

RBmTaMgeTvelakenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ebskariyvimanTI 17

3

GdækfabIfvKÁTI 1 Rbdab;edayerOg 17 erOg

kñ úgvimanvtßú énGdækfa xuTÞknikay eQµaHbrmtßTIbnI

cb;edayRbkardUecñH .

s t r

cciittþþllttaavvKK<<TTII 22

s t r


citþltavK<TI 2

Gdðkza TasIvimanTI 1

{vimanrbs;RsIbeRmI}

vKÁTI 2 Kb,IRCabvinicä ½ydUcteTAenH .

[18] TasIviman manBaküepþImfa Gbi sekáav eTvienÞa ¬nag

EhhmedayBYkeTBnarI>>> dUcCaskáeTvraC¦ . TasIvimanenaH ekIt

eLIgy:agNa ?

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgvtþeCtBn ])askGñkRkúg

savtß Imñak; eTAkan;RBHviharkñ úgevlal¶acRBmCamYy])askd¾eRcIn

sþab;Fm’ehIy cUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK kalbris½TeRkakecj

eTA eTIbRkabTUlfa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn GMBIéf¶enHeTA ´RBHGgÁ

nwgfVayPtþaharCaRbcaM 4 sRmab;dl;sgÇ} . lMdab;enaH RBHman

RBHPaKRtas;Fmµkfa EdlsmKYrdl;eK ehIy[eKRtLb;eTA .

])askenaHehARBHPtþúeTÞsk_fa {bBiRtelakd¾ceRmIn ´cat;Ptþahar

-215- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ TasIvimansURtTI 1

CaRbcaMTuk 4 sRmab; fVaysgÇ taMgGMBIRBwkenH sUmnimnþPikçú ¬4

rUb¦ mkpÞHrbs;´pg} ehIyRtLb;eTAkan;pÞHrbs;xøÜn R)ab;erOgenaH

dl;TasI ehIyR)ab;fa {nagkuMKb,IePøcerOgenaHeLIy} . TasIenaH

k¾TTYlBaküenaH . tamRbRktI nagmansT§asm,ÚrN_ R)afñabuNü

mansIl eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbPJak;GMBIRBwkral;éf¶ eRtóm)ay nigTwk

EdlRbNIt e)assm¥at nigRbs;TwkRkGUbRtg;TIEdlPikçúKg; Rkal

Gasn³ nimnþPikç úGñkmkdl;mun[Kg;elIGasn³TaMgenaH fVaybgÁM

bUCaedayrbs;RkGUbmanpáaeQI FUb nigeTon ehIyGegáóseday

eKarB .

tmkéf¶mYy nagcUleTArkPikç úGñkqan;eRsc fVaybgÁMehIy

eTIbsYry:agenHfa {elakm©as; karrYcputcakTukçmanCatiCaedImenH

nwg)any:agNa?} PikçúTaMgLay[srN³ nigsIl 5 dl;nag nig

R)ab;[dwgsPaBénragkay RbkbnagTukkñ úgbdikUlmnsikar ¬kar

eFV ITukkñúgcitþfabdikUl¦ . Pikç úmYyBYkeToteBalFm’ mankfaEdl

Tak;TgedayesckþImineTog . nagrkSasIl 16 qñaM eFVIeyaniesa-


mnsikarCab;tKñarhUtmk éf¶mYy)anesckþIsb,aykñúgkarsþab;Fm’

nigceRmInvibsSnaeRBaHjaNcas;køa k¾eFVI[Cak;c,as;nUvesata-

btþipl . sm½ytmk nagsøab;ehIyeTAekItCaRsIbeRmIEdlCaTI

RsLaj;rbs;skáeTvraC . nagmaneRKÓgt®nþ I 60>000 caMbeRmI

manRsIGbSr 100>000 nak;Ehhm esayTiBVsm,tþ id¾FM eRtkGr

rIkrayRBmedaybrivar Rtac;eTAkñúg]TüanCaedIm . RBHmhaemaKÁløan

eXIjnagehIy )ansYredayn½ydUcEdleBalmkmunenaHÉgfa

nagEhhmedayBYkeTBnarIecameram Rtac;

eTAedayCuMvijkñúgsYncitþltav½nKYrrIkray dUcská-

eTvraC dUecñaH júa MgTisTaMgBYg[PøWd UcpáayRBwk .







GVI nageTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nigvNÑ³

rbs;nagk¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

eTvtaenaH RtÚvRBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrsYrehIy

mancitþr Ikray eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYr

y:agenHfa

RKaekItCamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS ´CaTasIRsI

beRmIkñ úgRtkUlGñkdéT .

´Ca])asikarbs;RBHeKatm EdlRTg;man

RBHckçú RTg;manRBHys ´manesckþIBüayamecj

cakkielskñúgRBHsasnarbs;RBHeKatm GñkRTRTg;

RBHKuNd¾maM eRBaHmanmnsikarenAkñ úgcitþfa

sUm,IragkayenHnwgEbkFøayeTAkþ I karnwg

bBaÄb;nUvesckþIBüayamkñúgkarceRmInkmµdæan min

maneLIy .

pøÚv ¬mKÁ¦ énsikçabTTaMg 5 ¬sIl 5¦ CapøÚv


énsYsþI manesckþIceRmIn minmanbnøa minsaMjúa M

Capø ÚvRtg; sb,úrsTaMgLayRbkasehIy elak

m©as;sUmemIlplénesckþIBüayam Edl´Gñkman

esckþId wgtictYc )anseRmcGriymKÁcuH .

´RtÚvskáeTvraCEdlmanGMNacGeBa¢Ijmk

BYkturiyeTB 600>000 GgÁ CYyKñadas;´[PJak;

¬eTvtat®nþ I¦ .

eTvbuRtGñkmannamfa Galm<³ KKÁm³ PIm³

saFuvaTI bsMsiy³ e)akçr³ nigsupsS³ nigBYk

eTBFItatUc² EdlmaneQµaHfa vINa emakça nnÞa

sunnÞa esaNTinña sucimðika Galm<úsa misSeksI

nigeTvFItacitþkaceQµaH buNÐr ika .

nigeTBkBaØamYyBYkeTot KW ÉnibsSa sub-

sSa suPTÞa muTukavTI GñkRbesIrCageTBGbSrTaMg

LayEdleFVInaTIdas;etOn .


eTBGbSrTaMgenaHcUlmkrk´tamevla GeBa¢Ij

edayvacaEdlCaTIeRtkGrfa GeBa¢ IjcuH BYkeyIg

nwgraM eRcóg nwgeFV I[nagrIkray .

éRBFMEdlCaTIminesakesA KYrePø ItePø Wn KYr

menarmürbs;BYkeTvtaCan;éRtTsenH minEmnsRmab;

GñkEdlmin)aneFVIbuNüeT sRmab;GñkEdleFVIbuNü

Tukb:ueNÑaH TaMgminEmnesckþIsuxkñúgelakenH nig

elakxagmux sRmab;GñkEdleFVIbuNüTukb:ueNÑaH .

GñkR)afñanwgenArYmKña CamYyBYkeTvtaTaMgenaH

Kb,IbMeBjkuslTuk[eRcIn eRBaHfa GñkeFV IbuNü

TukehIy rEmgRbkbRBmedayePaKsm,tþi rIkray

ehIykñúgsYK’ .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Gbi sBÞ kñúgBaküfa Gbi sekáav eTvienÞa

enH eRbIkñúgsmÖavn³ ¬kñúgcMENkl¥¦ . \v sBÞ eRbIkñúgesckþI]bma

edaylubRsH \ ecj . eRBaHdUecñaH eTIbmanesckþIfa dUcesþc


ská³cmeTB . elakeBalsresIreTvtaenaHRbdUcesþcská³ k¾

edIm,IsMEdgbrivarsm,tþirbs;eTvtaenaH . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa Gbi

RtwmEtCani)at . Baküfa citþltaven ¬kñ úg]Tüancitþlta¦ )an

dl; EdlekIteLIgedayGanuPaBénbuNürbs;eTvFItaeQµaH citþa .

mYyeTot eTv]Tüan)annamfa citþltav½n eRBaHedayeRcInkñúg]Tüan

enaH manvlø×eQIEdlCaTiBVeQµaH snþank³CaedIm EdlRbkbeday

esckþIv iessénpáaeQI nigEpøeQICaedImd¾l¥s¥at .

Baküfa brebsSiya ¬RsIbMer Ikñ úgRtkUlGñkdéT¦ )andl;

®sþIbMerIkñ úgkic©enaH² kñúgRtkUlénCndéT . GFib,ayfa xVl;xVay

kargarrbs;GñkdéT .

bTfa tsSa em nikáema Gasi sasen tsS taTiena

¬´>>> Büayamecjcakkielskñúgsasnarbs;RBHeKatm EdlRbkb

edaytaTiKuN¦ esckþIfa kal´enaHenACaTasI Ca])asikarbs;RBH

manRBHPaKEdlRTg;manckçú 5 rkSasIl nigeFVImnsikarkmµdæanGs;

16 qñaM kalkmµdæan eBalKW eBaFibkç iyFm’ 37 ekIteLIgdl;´


edayGanuPaBénmnsikar esckþIBüayamRtÚvEdlrab;cUlkñúgstßú-

sasn_enaH )aneQµaHfa nikám³ ¬esckþIBüayamecjcakkiels¦

eRBaHecjcakGMBIcMENksgáielsFm’ )anman KW )anman )andl;

ekIteLIgkñúgstßúsasn_rbs;RBHeKatm EdleQµaHfa manRBHKuN

nwgFwg eRBaHdl;RBmedaysm,tþi KW lkçN³rbs;GñknwgFwgkñúgelak-

Fm’ man\dæarmµN_CaedIm .

mü:ageTot edIm,IsMEdgGakarEdlRbRBwtþeTAéncMENkxagedIm

rbs;esckþIBüayamenaH eTvtaeTIbeBalfa kamM PiC¢tuyM kaeya

env Getßtß snßnM ¬sUm,IragkayenHnwgEbkFøayeTAkþ I karEdlnwg

bBaÄb;esckþIBüayamkñúgkarceRmInkmµdæan minmanCadac;xat¦ esckþI

enaHmanGFib,ayfa ´rMBwgdl;esckþIBüayamfa sUm,Iragkayrbs;

eyIgnwgEbkFøayeTAkþI k¾nwgmineFVIesckþIGal½ykñúgkayenHsUm,IEt

bnþic eyIgnwgminbBaÄb;esckþIBüayam KW mineFV IesckþIBüayam[

FUrfy kñúgkarceRmInkmµdæanenHCadac;xat ehIyxVl;xVaykñúgvib-

sSna .


\LÚvenH eTvtakalnwgsMEdgKuNEdlxøÜnxVl;xVaykñúgvib-

sSnaenaH y:agenaH)anmkehIy eTIbeBalfa

pøÚv ¬mKÁ¦ énsikçabTTaMg 5 CapøÚvsYsþI man

esckþIceRmIn minmanbnøa minsaMjúa M Capø ÚvRtg;

Edlsb,úrsTaMgLayRbkasehIy elakcUremIl

plénesckþIBüayam Edl´GñkmankardwgticluH

GriymKÁ¦ .

kñúgesckþIenaH manesckþIsegçbdUcteTAenH . eTvFItaTUl

esþcská³fa mKÁNaeQµaHfa CakartCab;énsikçabTTaMg 5 eRBaH

)anmkeday]bnisS½yénsikçabT KW cMENkénsikçabTTaMg 5 Edl

smaTanCanic©sIl nigeRBaHsikçabTTaMg 5 enaHbribUN’ ekIteLIg

kñúgsnþanNa GriymKÁeQµaHfa CapøÚvsYsþI eRBaHeFV IsnþanenaH[

seRmcplCaesckþIsYsþI nigeRBaHmanRbeyaCn_l¥ edayGakarRKb;

y:ag eQµaHfa manesckþIceRmIn eRBaHminRtÚvsgáielsFm’ebot

ebon nigeRBaHCaehtudl;esckþIekSm eQµaHfa minmanbnøa eRBaHmin


manbnøa KW raK³CaedIm eQµaHfa ¬minsaMjúa M¦ eRBaHkat;b£sKl;

KW kiels Tidæ i nigTuc©r it)andac;xat eQµaHfa Capø ÚvRtg; eRBaHCa

ehtuR)ascakkarevocRKb;y:ag GriymKÁeQµaHfa Edlsb,úrsTaMg

LayRbkasehIy eRBaHsb,úrsmanRBHBuT§CaedImRbkasehIy .

´sUm,ImanbBaØaRtwm 2 Fñab; manesckþIRtÚvkaredayesckþIBüayam

ecjcakkielsBYkNa eTIbseRmcGriymKÁenaHehIyedayRbkar

Na sUmRBHGgÁcUremIlplenHrbs;esckþIBüayamecjcakkiels

enaH KW esckþIBüayamtamEdleBalehIycuH edayRbkardUecñaH .

nagTUlesþcská³fa ´RtÚvskáeTvraCGñkmanGMNacGeBa¢ Ijmk k¾

eRBaHnagenAkñúgGMNacrbs;esþcská³ . n½ymü:ageTot esþcská³

eQµaH vsvtþI eRBaHRBHGgÁRKb;RKgPaBCaFMrbs;xøÜnkñúgeTvelakTaMg

2 ¬KW Can;catumµharaC nigCan;tavtwgS¦ .

´RtÚvskáeTvraCGñkmanGMNacenaHGeBa¢ Ijmk b¤RtÚvRBHGgÁ

GeBa¢ Ijmkkñúgevlaelgsb,ayedaykarsnÞnaR)aRs½y . Rbkb

esckþIfa elakcUremIlplénesckþIBüayamEdlecjcakkiels .


t®nþIGgÁ 5 EdlEckCa Gatt³ ¬sÁrmanmuxmçag¦ nigvitt³ ¬sÁrman

mux 2¦ CaedIm elgRBmKñaedaycMENkénédTaMg 12 ¬12 ï 5¦

eTIbrYmCa 60 . k¾eTvFItasMedAykt®nþ IGgÁ 5 mancMnYn 1>000

EdlekIteLIgedaykarbEnßmcMnYn ¬KuNKña KW 60 ï 1>000¦ eTIb

eBalfa sdæi tur iyshsSani bdieBaFM keranþi em ¬turiyaGgÁ 6

hµWn EtgCYyKñadas;[´PJak;¦ . kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa bdieBaFM

¬das;¦ )andl; das;bItiesamnsS .

Baküfa Galem<a ¬Galm<³¦ CaedIm GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa

{CaeQµaHrbs;BYkeTvbutþGñkelgt®nþIRtwmEtcMENkxøH ¬KW minecjnam

RKb;GgÁ¦} . Et ¬GñkEtgeXIjfa¦ Baküfa Galm<³ CaedImenaH

CaeQµaHrbs;eRKÓgt®nþI . Baküfa vINa nigemakça CaedIm CaeQµaH

eTBFIta . Baküfa sucimð ita ¬sucimðita¦ )anjjwmd¾brisuT§ .

mü:ageTot BaküenaH CaeQµaHdUcKña . Baküfa muTukavTI ¬muTuka-

vTI¦ )andl; kareRcógEdlmansMeLgmUlBIeraHéRkElg b¤CaeQµaH

dUcKña . Baküfa esyüaes ERbfa RbesIrCag . Baküfa Gcä-


ranM ¬nageTBGbSrTaMgLay¦ )andl; KYrsresIrCagkñ úgkareRcóg

kñúgBYkeTBGbSr . Baküfa beBaFika ¬GñkeFVImuxnaTIdas;¦ )andl;

GñkeFV Ikardas;[PJak; .

Baküfa kaeln ¬tamkal¦ )andl; tamkald¾smKYr .

Baküfa GPiPasnþi ¬naMKñaeBaledayvacaEdlCaTIRsLaj;¦ )andl;

eBalcMeBaHmux b¤CaGñkeRtkGrehIyeBal . eTBGbSreBaleday

RbkarNa edIm,IsMEdgRbkarenaH eTvtaeTIbeBalfa hnÞ nc©am

Kayam hnÞ tm rmyames ¬eNðIycuH BYkeyIgnwgraM eRcóg júaMg

eTvFItaenH[rIkray¦ .

Baküfa \TM ¬enH¦ esckþIfa sßanTIEdleyIg)anehIyenH .

Baküfa GesakM ¬minmanesckþIesak¦ )andl; minmanesckþIesak

eRBaHmanrUbCaedImEdlKYrR)afña KYrRsLaj; KYreRtkGr KYreBj

citþ . eQµaHfa ¬KYrePøItePøWn¦ eRBaHkBUnedayesckþIeRtkGrsBV-

kalenaHÉg . Baküfa tiTsanM mhavnM ¬éRBFM>>> rbs;eTvta

Can;éRtTs¦ )andl; ]TüanTaMgFM TaMgKYrbUCa rbs;eTvtakñ úgCan;


tavtwgS .

kaleBaledayn½ycMeBaHfa {eQµaHfa TiBVsm,tþiEbbenH

rEmg)anedayGMNacénbuBaØkmµbu:eNÑaH} dUecñHehIy kalnwgsMEdg

edayn½ymincMeBaHeTot nageTIbeBalKafa suxM GktbuBaØanM ¬min

Emn¦ esckþIsux>>> sRmab;GñkEdlmin)aneFV IbuNüTuk .

nagkalnwgeBalFm’eTotfa TiBVsßanEdlnag)anehIy min

Emnnwg)anTUeTACamYyGñkdéT nageTIbeBalKafacugeRkayfa etsM

shBükamanM ¬EdlGñkR)afñanwgenArYmCamYyBYkeTvtaCan;éRtTs

TaMgenaH¦ . Baküfa etsM ¬TaMgenaH¦ )andl; eTvtaCan;tavtwgS .

Baküfa shBükamanM ¬EdlGñkR)afñanwgenArYm¦ KW R)afñaenArYm

Kña . k¾BaküenHCaqdæ IviPtþ i eRbIkñ úgGtßktþ ú ¬GñkeFVI¦ . eQµaHfa

enArYm ¬shv³¦ eRBaHeTA KW RbRBwtþeTArYmKña Pav³énGñkeTArYmKña

enaH eQµaHfa shBüM dUcPav³énGñkkøahan eQµaHfa vIr iyM .

kaleTvtasMEdgbuBaØkmµrbs;xøÜn[Cak;c,as;ehIyy:agenH RBHefr³

sMEdgFm’dl;eTvtaenaHRBmTaMgbrivar RtLb;mkGMBIeTvelakehIy


)anRkabTUlerOgenaHfVayRBHmanRBHPaK . RBHmanRBHHPaKRTg;eFVI

esckþIenaH[CaGtßúb,tþ i ¬ehtuekIterOg¦ ehIyRTg;sMEdgFm’dl;

bris½TEdlRbCuMRBmKña . RBHFmµeTsnaenaH )anCaRbeyaCn_dl;

mnusSelakRBmTaMgeTvelak dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa TasIv imanTI 1

3


Gdðkza lxumavimanTI 2

{vimanrbs;®sþIeQµaHlxuma}

[19] lxumaviman manBaküepþ Imfa GPikáenþn veNÑn ¬En

eTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ lxumavimanenaH ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rbfab;enAkñúgRkúgBaraNsI BaraNsI-

nKr manTVarmYykEnøgeQµaHfa TVarRsúkGñkensaT . sUm,IRsúk

EdltaMgenAminq¶ayGMBITVarenaH k¾)aneQµaHfa TVarRsúkGñkensaT .

enARsúkenaH man®sþImñak;eQµaHlxuma mansT§a bribUN’edaykar

ecHdwg eXIjPikçúTaMgLaycUleTAtamTVarenaH fVaybgÁMehIyk¾nimnþ

eTAkan;pÞHrbs;xøÜn fVayPikçamYyEvk kalsT§aceRmIneLIgeRBaHkar

sñiT§sñalenaHÉg eTIb[ksageragqan;mYyxñg RkalGasn³Tuk

sRmab;Pikç úTaMgLayEdlcUleTAkñúgeragqan;enaH . nagtmál;Twk

qan; TwkeRbIR)as;Tuk . nag)anfVay)ay nignMkumµas és<RCk;

EdlmanenAkñúgpÞHdl;PikçúTaMgLay . nagsþab;Fm’kñúgsMNak;rbs;

PikçúTaMgLay taMgenAkñúgsrN³ nigsIl CaGñkmaMTaM eronvibsSna-

-229- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ lxumavimansURtTI 2

kmµdæan kalxVl;xVayvibsSna minyUrb:unµank¾taMgenAkñúgesatabtþi-

pl eRBaHCaGñkman]bnisS½y . evlatmk nagsøab;ehIyeTAekIt

kñúgvimanFMkñúgPBtavtwgS maneTBGbSr 1>000 Cabrivar esayTiBV-

sm,tþ ienAkñúgvimanenaHrIkrayehIy . RBHemaKÁløan Rtac;carikeTA

kñ úgeTvelak )ansYrnagfa

EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥ manBnøWP ø WeTA


eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmansm,úrdUecñH eRBaH


RKb;y:agCaTIRsLaj; eTIbekIteLIgdl;nag .

EneTBFItamanGanuPaBeRcIn GatµasUmsYr


buNüGVI nageTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nig

sm,úrrbs;nagPø Wc,as;sBVTis .

eTvtaenaH RtÚvRBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrsYrehIy


mancitþr Ikray eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYr

y:agenHfa

lMenArbs;´ taMgenACitTVarecjénRsúkGñk

ensaT ´mancitþRCHføakñúgRBHGriy³ GñkbdibtþiRtg;

)anRbeKn)ay nMRss; bEnøRCk; nigTwkpSMeday

rséRb dl;RBHsavkTaMgLayGñkEsVgrkKuNd¾FM

EdlkMBugRtac;eTA ¬edIm,IbiNÐ)at¦ kñúgRsúkenaH .

mYyeTot ´)anrkSa]e)asfEdlRbkbeday

GgÁ 8 ral;éf¶TI 14 TI 15 nigTI 8 énbkçpg

nigGs;)adihariybkçpg ´CaGñksRgÜmedayl¥kñúg

sIlsBVkal sRgÜmrvaMgedayl¥kñúgsIlsBVkal

Rby½tñRbEyg EcknUvTan eTIb)anRKb;RKgviman .

´evorcak)aNati)at 1 evorcakkarlYc 1

minRbRBwtþk,t;citþsVamI 1 sRgÜmcakkarniyaykuhk

1 q¶aycakkarpwkTwkRsvwg 1 eRtkGrkñúgsikçabT

-231- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ lxumavimansURtTI 2

TaMg 5 CaGñkQøasévkñúgGriysc©Fm’ Ca])asika

rbs;RBHeKatm RTg;manRBHckçú RTRTg;RBHys .



RKb;y:ag EdlCaTIeBjcitþeTIbekItdl;´ .



buNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nig

sm,úrrbs;´eTIbPø Wc,as;sBVTis .

k¾ÉeTBFItasUmGgVrfa {elakm©as; sUmelakm©as;emtþafVay

bgÁMRBHyuKl)aTrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKedaysirS³ tamBakürbs;´

pgcuHfa bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾cMerIn lxuma])asikasUmfVaybgÁMRBHyu-

Kl)aTrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKedaysirS³ elakm©as;d¾cMerIn RbkarEdl

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Kb,IBüakr´Tuk kñúgsamBaØplNamYyenaH min

KYrGs©arüeLIy eRBaHRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Büakr´TukkñúgskTaKamipl


enaHehIy} .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa ekvvdþTVara nikçmµ ¬CitTVarecj

énRsúkGñkensaT¦ )andl; Citpø ÚvecjRtg;TVarRsúkGñkensaT .

Baküfa DakM ¬bEnøRCk;¦ )andl; CamYy)ay KW és<RCk;

manEpøel<ACaedIm . Baküfa elaNesavIrkM ¬TwkpSMedayrs

éRb¦ )andl; Twk)an³NamYyEdleKpSMedayeRKÓgpSMeRcIn man

FBaØBUCCaedIm . GñkxøHehATwk)ayfa TwkGMbilk¾man .

evlacb;karsYr nigkareqøIy nagk¾)anseRmcskTaKamipl

edayRBHFmµeTsnarbs;RBHefr³ . Baküd¾essmann½ytamEdl

eBalmkkñúg]tþravimanenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa lxumavimanTI 2

3

-233- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ GacamTayikavimansURtTI 3

Gdðkza GacamTayikavimanTI 3

{vimanrbs;®sþIfVay)aykþaMg}

[20] GacamTayikaviman manBaküepþ Imfa biNÐay ec

crnþsS ¬®sþIkMst;>>> dl;Pikç úk MBugRtac;eTAbiNÐ)at¦ . Gacam-

TayikavimanenaH ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rbfab;enAkñ úgvtþevLúv½n sßanTIciBa© wmstV

kEgðnCitRkúgraCRKwH . sm½yenaH kñ úgRkúgraCRKwH manRKÜsarmYy

RtÚvGhivatkeraKkm©at; . mnusSkñúgRKÜsarenaH søab;TaMgGs;Kña

enAsl;Et®sþ Imñak; . ®sþIenaHlHbg;pÞH nigRTBü TaMgRsÚvGgárkñ úg

pÞHTaMgGs; eRBaHxøacmrNP½y ecjcakGMBIpÞH KµanTIBwg rt;eTA

kan;pÞHGñkdéT GaRs½yenAnwgpÞHenaH . mnusSenAkñúgpÞHenaH k¾man

citþGaNit [bbr )ay nig)aykþaMgCaedIm EdlenAsl;kñ úgqña Mg

CaedImdl;nag . nagciBa© wmCIviteday)aykþaMgrbs;GñkTaMgenaH .

sm½yenaH RBHmhaksSbcUlnieraFsmabtþi 7 éf¶ ecj

GMBInieraFsmabtþienaHehIy Kitfa {éf¶enH eyIgnwgGnueRKaHGñkNa


edaykarTTYlGaharhñ+ nigedaHnrNacakesckþIlM)akTal;Rk nig

esckþITukç} eXIj®sþIenaHCitnwgsøab; nigeXIjfa kmµnwgnaMeTAkan;

nrk EdlnageFV IT ukdl;»kas ¬[pl¦ Kitfa {kaleyIgeTArk

®sþImñak;enH nagnwgRbeKn)aykþaMgEdlxøÜn)anmk eRBaHbuNüenaH

Ég nagnwgekItkñúgeTvelakCan;nimµanrtI ebIdUecñaH eyIgnwgCYy

nag[putGMBIkarFøak;eTAkñúgnrk [nagseRmcsYK’sm,tþi} kñúgevla

RBwk eTIbesøókdNþb;ehIykan;)aRt nigcIvr nimnþeq<aHmuxeTAkan;

TIenArbs;nag . RKaenaH esþcská³EkøgePT ¬bþ Úrkay¦ beg¥an

GaharTiBVmanrseRcIn mansmøreRcInRbePTcUleTARbeKn . RBHefr³

dwgesckþIenaH )anhamfa {esþcekasiy RBHGgÁRTg;)aneFV Ikusl

TukehIy ehtuGV I eTIbRTg;eFVIy:agenH RBHGgÁkuMECgsm,tþirbs;Gñk

RkeLIy} ehIyQrenAxagmux®sþIenaH .

nageXIjRBHefr³ehIy Kitfa {RBHefr³enHCaGñkmanGanuPaB

eRcIn kñúgTIenHminmanrbs;suI b¤rbs;TMBaEdlKYrRbeKndl;RBHefr³

enH . manRtwmEtTwk)ay )aykþaMgenAkñúgPaCn³mins¥at sabRtCak;


minmanrs RbLak;eTAedayesµA nigpg;FUlI eyIgminGacRbeKndl;

RBHefr³dUecñH)aneLIy} eTIbeBalfa {sUmelakm©as;cUreTAeR)as

stVxagmuxcuH} . RBHefr³QaneTARtwmEtmYyCMhan ehIyQb; .

mnusSGñkenAkñúgpÞHnaMPikçacUleTAfVay RBHefr³k¾minTTYl . ®sþIkMst;

enaHdwgfa {RBHefr³bMNgnwgTTYlEtcMeBaHrbs;eyIg eTIbmkkñúg

TIenHk¾edIm,IGnueRKaHeyIgedaycMeBaH} k¾mancitþRCHføa ekItesckþI

eGIeBI eTIbdak;)aykþaMgenaHcuHkñúg)aRtrbs;RBHefr³ . RBHefr³sMEdg

Gakarfanwgqan;edIm,IbMeBjesckþIRCHføadl;nag nageTIbRkalGasn³

RbeKn . RBHefr³Kg;elIGasn³enaH qan;)aykþaMgenaH qan;TwkehIy

dkédecjGMBI)aRt eFVIGnuemaTnaeBalnwgRsIkMst;enaHfa {nagFøab;

Camatarbs;GatµakñúgGtþPaB ¬Cati¦ TI 3 GMBIGtþPaBenH} ehIyeRkak

ecosecjeTA} . nagjúaMgesckþIRCHføa[ekIteLIgkñúgRBHefr³y:ag

éRkElg søab;kñúgbzmyaménraRtIenaHehIy eTAenArYmCamYyBYkeTvta

nimµanrtI . RKaenaH skáeTvraCRTg;RCabfa nagsøab;ehIy RTg;

BicarNafa {nagekItTINahñ+} RTg;mineXIjkñúgCan;tavtwgS eTIbcUl


eTArkRBHmhaksSb³kñúgmCÄimyaménraRtI ¬Bak;kNþalyb;¦ kal

sYrdl;sßanTIekItrbs;®sIþenaH )anRtas;Kafa 2 Kafafa

®sþIkMst; kMRBamñak; GaRs½ysMyabpÞHén

buKÁldéTenA mancitþRCHføa )anRbeKn)aykþaMgdl;

elakm©as;EdlkMBugRtac;biNÐ)at EdlQrenAes¶óm

edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xøÜn eBllHbg;GtþPaBmnusS

ehIy eTAkan;sYK’Can;Nahñ+ ?

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa biNÐay ¬biNÐ)at¦ )andl;

edIm,IbiNÐ)at ¬rbs;dak;kñ úg)aRt¦ . Baküfa tuNðIPUtsS tidæeta

¬QrenAes¶óm¦ enH sMEdgGakarRtac;biNÐ)at GFib,ayfa Qr

cMeBaHmux . Baküfa TliTÞa¬1¦ ¬kMst;¦ )andl; RkIRk . Baküfa

kbNa ¬kMRBa¦ )andl; TukçlM)ak . edayBaküfa kMst; enH

elaksMEdgkarvinasePaKRTBürbs;®sþIenaH . edayBaküfa kMRBa

enH sMEdgkarvinasjati . Baküfa braKarM GvsSita ¬GaRs½y

1¦ bidk = TLiTÞa .


enAsMyabpÞHrbs;buKÁldéT¦ )andl; GaRs½ypÞHGñkdéT KW GaRs½y

dMbUlxageRkApÞHrbs;GñkdéT .

bTfa kM nu saTistM Kta ¬eTAkan;TisNahñ+¦ )andl; )an

eTAkan;TisNa edayekItkñ úgeTvelakkamavcr³ 6 Can; . esþc

ská³RTg;RBHtRmiHfa {®sþIEdlRBHefr³eFVIGnueRKaHy:agenaH CaGñkman

cMENkénTiBVsm,tþ id ¾»Lar Etk¾min)aneXIjeLIy} kalRTg;min

eXIjkñúgeTvelakCan;Tab 2 Can; RTg;nwksgS½y eTIbRtas;sYr

dUceBalmkehIy . lMdab;enaH RBHefr³kalnwg[cemøIymYyEbb

Edlesþcská³sYrehIyenaHÉg )anTUlR)ab;sßanTIekItrbs;®sþIenaH

dl;esþcská³enaHfa

®sþIkMst; kMRBamñak; GaRs½ysMyabpÞHGñk

déTenA mancitþRCHføa )anRbeKn)aykþaMgdl;Gatµa

EdlkMBugRtac;biNÐ)at Qres¶om edayédTaMg 2

rbs;xø ÜnÉgenaH naglHbg;GtþPaBmnusS cutiput

cakmnusSelakenHeTAehIy .


nagCaeTvtamanbJT§×eRcIn eQµaHGacamTayika

manesckþIsux rIkrayenAkñúgsYK’Can;nimµanrtI Edl

CaTIenArbs;eTvtaGñkmanbJT§ × .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa vib,mutþa ¬rYcputehIy¦ )andl;

rYcputcakesckþIeRKaHkacrbs;mnusS cakkarrs;enAEdlKYrGaNit

éRkElgenaH .

Baküfa emaTitacamTayika ¬eQµaHGacamTayika¦ )andl;

eTBFItaenaHmaneQµaHfa GacamTayika ¬fVayTanRtwmEt)aykþa Mg¦

k¾rIkrayehIyedayTiBVsm,tþ i kñ úgkamavcr³sYK’Can;TI 5 . esþc

ská³RTg;sMEdgfa {sUmelakcUremIlplrbs;TanEdlRBmeRBóg

edayextþsm,Ta ¬KW RBHTkçieNyübuKÁlEdlCabdiKÁahk³¦} .

esþcská³sþab;fa Tanrbs;®sþIenaHmanplFM nigmanGanisgS

FMehIy kalRTg;sresIrTanenaHeTot eTIbRtas;fa

KYrGs©arühñ+ Tanrbs;RsIkMRBataMgTukl¥ehIy

kñúgRBHefr³mhaksSb³ TkçiNaseRmcplehIyhñ+


edayeTyüTanEdlnaMmkGMBIGñkdéT .

EnnagEdlmanrUbs¥atsBVGenøI CaGñkrmil

emIlénsVamI )anTTYlGPieskCamehsIrbs;esþc

cRkBtþi k¾enAminesµIcMENkTI 16 énkarRbeKn)ay

kþa MgenaH .

maseqþar 100 nikç³ esH 100 rfTwmeday

esHGsStr 100 RsIRkmuMEdlRbdab;edayRkvil

EkvmNI 1 Esnnak; k¾enAmin esµIcMENkTI 16

énkarRbeKn)aykþa MgenaH .

dMr IRtkUmehmvt³ manPø úk>g mankmøa Mgxøa Mg

manExSdgÁn;mas CadMr Imanxø ÜnFM maneRKÓgRbdab;

CasMNaj;mas 100 ExS k¾enAminesµIcMENkTI

16 rbs;Tan KW )aykþa MgenaH .

sUm,IesþccRkBtþi )anRKb;RKgnUvPaBCam©as;

mhaTVIbTaMg 4 k¾enAminesµIcMENkTI 16 énTan KW


)aykþa MgenaH .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa Geha ¬KYrGs©arühñ+¦ Cani)at

eRbIkñ úgGtßfaGs©arü . Baküfa vrakiya ¬RsIRklM)ak¦ )andl;

RsIkMRBa . Baküfa braPetn ¬EdlnaMmkGMBIGñkdéT¦ )andl;

eTyüTanEdlnagnaMGMBIGñkdéT . GFib,ayfa Edl)anmkeday

karsUmGMBIpÞHGñkdéT . Baküfa Taenn ¬edayeTyüTan¦ )andl;

edayeTyüFm’RtwmEt)aykþaMgehIyRbeKn . Baküfa \CÄitß vt

TkçiNa ¬TkçiNaseRmcplehIyhñ+¦ manesckþIfa KYrGs©arüBithñ+

TkçiNaTanseRmcplehIy GFib,ayfa )anmanpleRcIn rugerOg

eRcIn FMTUlayeRcInBithñ+ .

\LÚvenH esþcská³Rtas;BaküCaedImfa ya mehsitþM kaeryü

¬mñalnagGñks¥atsBVsB’agÁkay>>> )anTTYlGPieskCamehsI¦ k¾

edIm,IsMEdgfa sUm,I®sþIEkvCaedIm k¾minesµIdl;TaMgcMENk 100

TaMgcMENk 1>000 énTanenaH . kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa sBV-

gÁklüaNI ¬Gñks¥atsBVsB’agÁkay¦ )andl; Rss;s¥at eday


cMENk KW ehtuTaMgGs; b¤edayGvyv³tUcFMRKb;cMENk Edlelak

eBalTuky:agenHfa minx<s;eBk minTabeBk minsÁmeBk minFat;

eBk minexµAeBk minseBk BN’sm,úrs¥atelIsmnusS Etmindl;

sm,úrTiBV .

Baküfa Ptþú c GenamTsSika ¬CaGñkrmilemIlrbs;sVamI¦

)andl; sVamIemIlehIyminEq¥t KW KYremIl KYrRCHføay:agéRkElg .

bTfa ÉtsSa camTansS klM naKÇnþ i esaLsw ¬k¾enAminesµI

ceRmókTI 16 rbs;Tan KW )aykþaMgenaHeLIy . esckþIfa sUm,I

PaBCaRsIEkvrbs;esþccRkBtþi k¾mantémømindl;cMENkTI 16 eBal

KW cMENkEdleKEbgEckplrbs;Tan KW )aykþaMgEdlnagRbeKn

ehIyenaHecjCa 16 cMENk EbgmYycMENkGMBI 16 cMENkenaH

ecjCa 16 cMENkeTot ehIykan;ykRtwmEtcMENkmYy . Gacarü

BYkxøHeBalfa }maseqþar 15 FrN³ Ca 1 nikç³} . BYkxøHeTot

eBalfa {100 FrN³ ¬Ca 1 nikç³¦} .

Baküfa ehmvta ¬RtkUlehmvt³¦ )andl; esþcdMrIEdlekIt


kñúgéRBehmBanþ b¤mankMeNItkñ úgRtkUldMrIehmvt³ . k¾esþcdMrI

TaMgenaHmanxøÜnFM dl;RBmedaykmøaMg nigPaBrh½srhYn . Baküfa

|sa Tnþa ¬manPø úk>g¦ )andl; manPø úkgdUccenÞalrf GFib,ay

fa manPø úkekag g>bnþic . edayBaküenaH esµInwgbdiesFfa Ca

PøúkEbkecj . Baküfa ]urUL`va ¬mankmøaMgxøa Mg¦ )andl; eBjeTA

edaykmøaMgxøa Mg nigPaBrh½s GacTTYlParkic©kñ úgkarc,aMg)an .

Baküfa suvNÑkcäa ¬manExSdgÁn;mas¦ )andl; ExSeRKÓgRbdab;

k>mas . nigelakeBaldl;eRKÓgcgdMrITaMgGs;eday ¬elIkyk¦

ExScgRtg;kNþalxøÜndMrICaeKal . Baküfa ehmkb,nivassa ¬man

eRKÓgRbdab;CasMNaj;mas¦ )andl; RBmedayeRKÓgRbdab;dMrI man

eRKÓgRkal nigeRKÓgeRsabmasCaedIm .

bTfa ctunñ M mhaTI)anM \sSrM ¬PaBCam©as;énmhaTV IbTaMg

4¦ )andl; PaBCam©as;énmhaTV IbTaMg 4 manCm<ÚTI VbCaedIm Edl

manTVIbtUc 2>000 Cabrivar . edayBaküenaH elakeBaldl;

¬rYmyk¦ sirIrbs;esþccRkBtþiTaMgGs; EdlrugerOgedayrtn³ 7


Rbkarpg . nigBaküEdlmin)aneBalTukkñúgTIenH mann½ydUceBal

TukmunehIy . RBHmhaksSb³RkabTUlBaküTaMgGs; Edlská-

eTvraC nigelakeBalkñúgvimanenH cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK . RBHman-

RBHPaK RTg;eFVIBaküenaH[CaGtßúb,tþi ¬ehtuekIterOg¦ RBHGgÁsMEdg

Fm’edayBisþardl;bris½TEdlRbCuMKñaehIy . RBHFmµeTsnaenaH

)anCaRbeyaCn_dl;mhaCnehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa GacamTayikav imanTI 3

3


Gdðkza cNÐalivimanTI 4

{vimanrbs;®sþIcNÐal}

[21] cNÐalivimanmanBaküepþ Imfa cNÐali vnÞ )aTani

¬EnnagcNÐalI nagcUrfVaybgÁMRBHyuKl)aT¦ cNÐalivimanenaH ekIt

eLIgdUcemþc ?

RBHmanRBHPaKkalRbfab;enAkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH kñ úgevlaCitPøW

RTg;cUlmhakruNasmabtþi EdlRBHBuT§bdibtþiGMBImunmk RKaecj

ehIyRTg;BicarNaemIlstVelak eXIj®sþI icNÐalcMNas;mñak;enA

kñ úgRsúkcNÐal kñúgRkúgenaHÉg dl;eBlGs;GayuehIy . kmµ

rbs;nagEdlnaMeTAkan;nrkk¾R)akdc,as; RBHGgÁmanRBHT½ymha-

kruNarMBJk eTIbRTg;RBHtRmiHfa {tfaKtnwg[nageFV IkmµEdlnaMeTA

kan;sYK’ hamkarekItkñ úgnrkrbs;nagedaykmµenaH [taMgenAkñ úg

sYK’} eTIbesþccUleTAbiNÐ)atenAkñúgRkúgraCRKwHRBmedayPikçúsgÇ

BYkFM . k¾sm½yenaH nagcNÐalIenaHkMBugkan;eQIRct;ecjGMBIRkúg

CYbRBHmanRBHPaKesþckMBugyagmk )anQrcMeBaHRBHP®½kþRBHman-

-245- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ cNÐalivimansURtTI 4

RBHPaK . ÉRBHmanRBHPaK)anRbfab;QrcMeBaHmuxnagdUcKña min[

nageTA . RKaenaH RBHmhaemaKÁløandwgRBHT½yrbs;RBHsasþa nig

dwgfa ®sþIenaHGs;GayuehIy kalnwg[nagfVaybgÁMRBHmanRBHPaK

eTIb)aneBalKafa 2 Kafafa

EnnagcNÐalI nagcUrfVaybgMÁRBHyuKl)aT

énRBHeKatm RTg;manRBHys RBHGgÁCa\sITI 7

RTg;Rbfab;QredIm,IGnueRKaHnagEtmñak; .

cUrnagjúa Mgcitþ[RCHføa kñ úgRBHBuT§EdlCa

RBHGrhnþ CataTibuKÁl ehIynagcUrpÁgGBa¢lI[

rh½sfVaybgÁMc uH CIv itrbs;nagticNas; .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH edayBaküfa cNÐali ¬EnnagcNÐalI¦

RBHefr³ehAnagedayeQµaHEdl)antamkMeNIt ¬KW mnusScNÐal¦ .

Baküfa vnÞ ¬cUrfVaybgÁM¦ )andl; cUrfVayGPivaT . Baküfa

)aTani ¬RBHyuKl)aT¦ )andl; crN³ ¬KWRBH)aT¦ EdlCasrN³

rbs;elakRBmTaMgeTvelak . Baküfa temv Gnukm,ay ¬edIm,I


RTg;GnueRKaHnagEtmñak;¦ )andl; edIm,IGnueRKaHnagbu:eNÑaH . man

GFib,ayfa edIm,IkarBarkarekItkñ úgG)ay [ekItkñ úgsßansYK’ .

Baküfa Gdæasi ¬Rbfab;QrehIy¦ )andl; Rbfab;Qr esþcmin

yagcUleTAkan;Rkúg . Baküfa \sistþema ¬RBHGgÁCa\sITI 7¦

esckþIfa RBHGgÁCaGñkx<g;x<s; KW ]RkidæCag\sIpø Úvelak CagRBH

eskç³ CagRBHGeskç³ CagRBHbec©kBuT§ . mü:ageTot eQµaHfa

RBH\sIGgÁTI 7 eRBaHCaRBH\sI ¬RBHBuT§¦ RBHGgÁTI 7 énBuT§\sI

TaMgLay manRBHvibsSICaedIm¬1¦ .

Baküfa GPib,saeThi mnM ¬cUrnageFV Ic itþ[RCHføa¦ esckþI

fa cUreFV Icitþrbs;nag[RCHføafa {RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rtas;dwgÉg

edayRbéB} . Baküfa Grhnþmð i taTien ¬RTg;CaRBHGrhnþRbkb

edaytaTiKuN¦ )andl; eQµaHfa RBHGrhnþ eRBaHkielsTaMgLay

Xøatq¶ay eRBaHkMcat;kielsTaMgenaH EdlCasRtÚv eRBaHkMcat;

1¦ nwgeXIjfa {\sistþm} man 2 n½y KW ERbfa \sI ¬RBHBuT§¦ Gñkd¾x<g;x<s; k¾)an/ ERbfa RBH\sIGgÁTI 7 ¬rab;GMBIRBHBuT§vibsSI¦ mkk¾)an . kñúgKafaenHERbtamn½yeRkay .


kaMénsgSarcRk eRBaHCaGñkKYrdl;bc© ½yTaMgLay nigeRBaHminman

karlbeFVI)ab eQµaHfa taTiKuNbuKÁl eRBaHdl;PaBCataTiKuNkñúg

elakFm’ man\dæarmµN_CaedIm . Baküfa xib,M bBa¢lika vnÞ ¬cUr

pÁgGBa¢lIfVaybgÁM[rh½scuH¦ )andl; nagcUrpÁgGBa¢lIehIyfVay

bgÁMrh½s² cuH . RbsinebIsYrfa eRBaHehtuGVI? eqø Iyfa eRBaH

CIv itrbs;nagticeBkNas; . eRBaHCIv itrbs;nagnwgRtÚvEbkFøay

kñúgeBl\LÚvenH eTIbenAsl;tic KW tictYc .

RBHefr³ kalrMBJkRBHKuNrbs;RBHmanRBHPaKedayKafa 2

Kafa y:agenHehIy taMgenAkñ úgGanuPaBrbs;xøÜn eFV Inag[segVK

edaykarR)ab;fa nagGs;Gayu ENnaM[nagfVaybgÁMRBHsasþa .

k¾nag)ansþab;BaküenaHehIy ekItesckþIsegVK mancitþRCHføakñúgRBH

sasþa fVaybgÁMedaybBa¢gÁRbtisßan pÁgGBa¢lIQrnmsáar man

citþCasmaFiedaybItiEdlpSayeTAkñúgRBHBuT§KuN . RBHmanRBHPaK

esþcyagcUleTAkñ úgRkúgRBmedayPikçúsgÇ edayRTg;RBHtRmiHfa

{bu:eNÑHk¾lµm[nagekItkñúgsYK’)anehIy} . tmk emeKakUnx©ImYy


k,al rt;ecjmkGMBIRkúgenaH Cl;nag[Gs;CIvit . RBHsgÁIti-

karcarüedIm,IsMEdgerOgenaHTaMgGs; )aneBal 2 Kafafa

nagcNÐalIenH EdlRTRTg;nUvragkayCaéf¶

cugeRkay EdlRBHmhaefr³ GñkmanxøÜnGb;rMehIy

)andas;etOn k¾fVaybgÁMRBHyuKl)aTénRBHeKatm

d¾manRBHys .

emeKa)anCl;nagsøab; xN³EdlnagQr

pÁgGBa¢lI nmsáarRBHsmµasm<úT § GñkeFV In UvBnø Wk ñ úg

elakd¾ggwt .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH bTfa bBa¢lw zitM nmsSmanM sm<úT § M

¬xN³EdlnagQrpÁgGBa¢lI nmsáarRBHsmµasm<úT§¦ n½yfa kal

RBHmanRBHPaKesþcyageTAehIy nagk¾enAmancitþCasmaFiedaybIti

manRBHBuT§KuNCaGarmµN_ QrpÁgGBa¢lInmsáarehIy dUcCaenA

cMeBaHRBHP½®kþ .

Baküfa Gn§kaer ¬kñúgelakggwt¦ )andl; kñúgelakEdl


ggwtedayesckþIggwt KW GviC¢a nigggwtedaykielsTaMgGs; .

Baküfa bPgár M ¬GñkeFV In UvBnøW¦ )andl; GñkeFV InUvBnø W KW jaN .

cMENknagcutiGMBIenaHehIy eTAekItkñ úgPBtavtwgS . nag

manRsIGbSr 100>000 nak;Cabrivar¬1¦ . k¾kñ úgrMeBcenaHÉg nag

mkRBmCamYyviman cuHGMBIvimanehIy )ancUleTArkRBHmhaemaKÁ-

løan ehIyfVaybgÁM . edIm,IsMEdgesckþIenaH nageTBFIta)aneBal

fa

bBiRtelakm©as;d¾ekøóvkøa GñkmanGanuPaB

eRcIn ´dl;ehIynUveTvbJT§× sUmcUlmkrk sUmsMBH

elakEdlGs;Gasv³ R)ascakkielsdUcFUlI Gñk

minjab;j½r GgÁúykñúgTIs¶at;Etmñak;Ég .

RBHefr³)ansYreTBFItaenaHfa

EneTBFItad¾Rss;s¥at nagCanrNa man

sm,úrdUcCamas s¥atrugeracn_ manyseRcIn l¥

1> ERbGMBIBaküfa GcäranM stshsSM )alIvimanvtßú Ca GcäranM shsSani = eTBGbSr 1>000 .


viciRtminEmntic EhhmedayBYkeTBGbSr cuHcak

viman sMBHGatµa .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa Clita ¬rugeracn_¦ )andl;

rugerOg PøWedayrsµIecjGMBIragkay nigBnøWénsMBt; nigGaPrN³CaedIm

rbs;nag . Baküfa mhaysa ¬manyseRcIn¦ )andl; man

brivareRcIn . Baküfa vimanemaruyð ¬cuHmkGMBIv iman¦ )andl; cuH

cakviman . Baküfa Genkcitþa ¬s¥atviciRtminEmntic¦ )andl;

RbkbedayesckþIs¥ateRcIny:ag . Baküfa sueP ¬GñkRss;s¥at¦

)andl; GñkmanKuNEdls¥at . Baküfa mmM esµIn wg mM ¬cMeBaH

Gatµa¦ .

eTvFItaenaHRtÚvRBHefr³sYry:agenHehIy eTIbeBalKafa 4

Kafa tmkfa

elakm©as; ´ KW nagcNÐalI RtÚvelakm©as;

GñkekøóvkøabBa¢ÚneTA )anfVaybgÁMRBHyuKl)aTrbs;

RBHeKatmd¾manRBHys .


luH)anfVaybgÁMRBHyuKl)aTehIy ´)ancuti

cakkMeNItRsIcNÐal k¾cUldl;vimand¾ceRmIneday

RbkarTaMgBYg kñ úgnnÞn]Tüan .

eTBGbSrRbmaN 1>000 naMKñaQrecameram

´ehIy ´CaGñkRbesIrv iessCagBYkeTBGbSrTaMg

enaH edayvNÑ³ kitþ iys nigGayu .

´)aneFVIklüaNkmµTukeRcIn manstism,-

CBaØ³ ´mkkñúgelak ¬enH¦ k¾edIm,InmsáarelakCa

GñkR)aCJ RbkbedayesckþIkruNa .

eTBFItacNÐalI GñkktBaØÚktevTI luHeBal

BaküenHehIy k¾fVaybgÁMeCIgTaMg 2 rbs;RBHmha

emaKÁløan ehIyGnþrFanGMBITIenaHÉg .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa ebsita ¬RtÚv>>> bBa¢ÚneTA¦ n½y

fa RtÚvelakGñkekøóvkøabBa¢ ÚneTA edIm,IfVaybgÁMedayBaküCaedImfa

EnnagcNÐalI nagcUrfVaybgÁMRBHyuKl)aT . buNüEdlseRmc


edaykarfVaybgÁMenaH sUm,InwgtickñúgxN³bc©úb,nñ ¬kalenAmanCIvit¦

k¾Bit Etk¾éRkElgNas; eRBaHmanextþ ¬kalERsbuNü¦ nigman

plFM eRBaHehtuenaH nageTIb)aneBalfa bhUtktklüaNa ¬)an

eFVIklüaNkmµTukd¾eRcIn¦ . mYyeTot nagsMedAdl;esckþIbrisuT§

énbItimanRBHBuT§KuNCaGarmµN_ nigénsti nigbBaØakñúgxN³bc©úb,nñ

eTIb)aneBalfa sm,Cana btisSta ¬manstism,CBaØ³¦ RBHsgÁI-

tikacarütaMgKafaTukeTotfa

eTBFItacNðalI Ca®sþImanktBaØÚktevTI luH

eBalBaküenHehIy k¾sMBHeCIgTaMg 2 rbs;RBH

mhaemaKÁløanetßrEdlCaRBHGrhnþ ehIyk¾GnþrFan

GMBITIenaHeTAÉg .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH elakeRbIBaküfa cNÐalI ¬eTBFIta

cNÐalI¦ eRBaHnagFøab;CaRsIcNÐal . BaküNaEdlehAKñaCab;

mat;GMBImnusSelak BaküenaHk¾naMmkehAkñúgeTvelakeTot . Bakü

d¾essmann½ydUc)aneBalehIyenaHÉg .

-253- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ cNÐaliv imansURtTI 4

cMENkRBHmhaemaKÁløanetßr³ )anRkabTUlerOgenaHdl;RBH

manRBHPaK . RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;eFVIerOgenaH[CaGtßúb,tþ i ¬ehtu

ekIterOg¦ RTg;sMEdgFm’dl;bris½TEdlmkRbCuMKña . RBHFmµeTsna

enaH)anCaRbeyaCn_dl;mhaCnehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa cNÐalIvimanTI 4

3


Gdðkza PTÞitæikavimansURtTI 5

{eTBFItaPTÞitß ikaviman}

[22] PTÞitß ikavimanmanBaküepþ Imfa nIla bIta c kaLa c

¬eTBFItaGñkmanbBaØal¥>>> KW exov elOg exµA¦ . PTÞitß ikavimanenaH

ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgRBHeCtBn Garamrbs;Gnafbi-

NÐikesdæI RkúgsavtßI . sm½yenaH kñúgkimilnKr¬1¦ manKhbtibuRt

mñak;eQµaHerahk³ mansT§absaT³ dl;RBmedaysIl nigGacar³ .

kñúgnKrenaHdUcKña kñ úgRtkUlEdlmanePaKRTBüeRcIn esµInwgRtkUl

enaH manekµgRsImñak; CaGñkmansT§aRCHføa eKEtgehAeQµaHfa PTÞa

eRBaHCamnusSl¥tamRbRktI . RKatmk matabitarbs;erahk³)an

eRCIserIskumarIenaH naMnagmkkñúgevlaEdlsmKYr )aneFV IGavah-

vivahmgÁlnwgKña . sVamIPriyaenaHenArYmKñaedaysamKÁI . k¾eRBaH

1¦ )alIv imanvtß úCa kim< ilayM ¬kim< ilnKr¦ .

-255- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ PTi Þtß ikavimansURtTI 5

Gacarsm,tþ irbs;xøÜn nageTIbCaGñkmanekrþ ×eQµaH eKsÁal;TUeTAkñúg

RBHnKrenaHfa PTÞ itß I ¬nagCaTIRsLaj;¦ .

k¾sm½yenaHÉg RBHGKÁsavkTaMg 2 manPikçúCabrivarmYy

rUb² 500 carikeTAkñ úgCnbT dl;kimilnKr . nayerahk³dwgfa

RBHGKÁsavkenaHeTARtg;kimilnKrenaH ekItesamnsS cUleTArk

RBHefr³TaMg 2 rUb fVaybgÁMehIy nimnþqan;kñúgéf¶Es¥k GegÁós

elakRBmedaybrivar kñ úgéf¶Es¥keLIg[Eq¥tsáb;sál; edayrbs;

TMBarbs;qan;d¾RbNIt RBmTaMgbuRt nigPriya)ansþab;RBHFmµeTsna

EdlelaksMEdgehIy k¾taMgenAkñúg»vaTrbs;elak TTYlsrN³

smaTanbBa©sIl . cMENkPriyarbs;eK k¾rkSa]e)asfsIlkñúg

éf¶ 8 14 15 nigéf¶)adiharübkç . edaycMeBaHy:agéRkElg nag

k¾)anCaGñkdl;RBmedaysIl nigGacar³ nigCaGñkEdleTvtaTaMg

LayGnueRKaH . k¾edayesckþIGnueRKaHrbs;eTvtaenaHÉg nagk¾

EkRbkarEdleBalxus² EdlFøak;mkdl;xø Ün)anTaMgGs; . køay

CaGñkmankitþiyspSayeTAkñúgelaky:agéRkElg eRBaHCaGñkmansIl


nigGacar³brisuT§l¥ .

k¾PriyaenaH enAkñ úgkimilnKrenaHÉg kalsVamIrbs;nageTA

eFVICMnYjenAÉtkásilanKr kñúgéf¶mehaRsBRKamYy RtÚvBYksMLaj;

TTUc k¾ekItkarR)afñacg;elgmehaRsBxøH eTvtaRbcaMRsúkeTIbCYy

naMnageTAkan;tkásilanKrenaH edayGanuPaBTiBVrbs;xøÜn ehIynaM

nag[eTAenArYmCamYysVamI . eRBaHenArYmKñaenaHÉg nagk¾taMgKP’ .

eTvtaCYynaMnagRtLb;mkkimilnKr kalKP’R)akdc,as;eLIgeday

lMdab; nagRtÚvmþayekµkCaedImecaTfa nagRbRBwtþk,t;citþsVamI .

nag)anraraMgnUvkarGbys ¬BaküniTÞa¦ EdleRsacmkelI

nag ¬karGbysenaH¦ dUcCaCMnn;TwkFMCn;GMBIsÞwgKgÁa Edlman

rlkekItGMBIkmøaMgxül; kñúgRKamanCMnn;TwkFMGMBIsÞwgKgÁa ¬enaH¦ RtÚv

eTvtarbs;nagenaHÉgbNþal[ekIteLIg hak;dUcnwgliclg;nKr

kimil³ edayGanuPaBrbs;nag edayBaküsm,fEdltaMgnUvsc©vaca

naMmux sMEdgfa nagmin)anRbRBwtþxuscMeBaHsVamIcab;taMgGMBI)anCYb

nwgsVamI RtÚvsVamIsgS½ydUcmþayekµkCaedImEdlsgS½ymkGMBImun


eTIbQrkan;cieBa¢óncarikeQµaH nigeRKÓgsMKal;EdleKRbKl;[enA

nKrtkásila[emIl eFVI[sVamIenaHGs;karsgS½y nageTIbRtLb;

mkCamnusSEdlTTYlkarrab;Gan nigCaTIRsLaj;rbs;jatixagsVamI

nigmhaCn ¬teTAeTot¦ smdUcEdl´eBalTukfa {>>> køayCaGñk

manyspSayeTAkñ úgelaky:agéRkElg eRBaHCaGñkmansIl nig

Gacar³brisuT§l¥} .

sm½ytmk nagsøab;ehIyk¾eTAkan;PBtavtwgS RKaEdlRBH

manRBHPaKyagecjcakRkúgsavtßIeTAkan;PBtavtwgS Rbfab;Kg;elI

bNÐúlkm<lsila eRkamedIm)ariq½Rt nigkaleTvbris½TcUleTAKal;

RBHmanRBHPaK fVaybgÁMehIy GgÁúykñúgTId¾smKYrmçag sUm,IPTÞ itß I

eTBFItak¾)ancUleTAKal;pg fVaybgÁMehIy )anQrkñúgTIsmKYr

mYy . lMdab;enaH RBHmanRBHPaKkalnwgsYrbuBaØkmµEdleTBFIta

enaHeFVITuk enAkñúgkNþaleTvtabris½T nigRBhµbris½Tkñúg 10>000

elakFatu EdlRbCuMRBmKña eTIbRtas;fa

EneTBFItaGñkmanbBaØal¥ RTRTg;nUvkRmgpáa


mnÞarbusS EdlmanBN’epSg² KW exov elOg exµA

hgS)aT Rkhm ecameramedayRtbkeksr TukelI

sIrS³ edImeQITaMgenHminmankñ úgBYkeTvtadéT .

eRBaHbuNüGVI nagGñkmanyseTIbcUldl;

BYkeTvtaCan;tavtwgS EneTBFIta nagRtÚvtfaKtsYr

ehIy nagcUrR)ab;mkfa enHCaplénbuBaØkmµGV I .

kñ úgKafaenaH c sBÞkñ úg)aTKafafa nIla bIta c kaLa c

mBa¢id æa Gf elahita enH CasBÞrYmykBaküEdleBaldl; . c

sBÞenaH [RbkbTukRKb;Bakü Ca nila c bIta c . Gf sBÞ

Cani)at eRbIkñúgGtßdéT ¬n½yEck éfERbfa mü:ageTot b¤ nig¦ .

eRBaH Gf sBÞenaH elakrYmykBN’Edlmin)aneBaldl; . man

BN’sCaedImTukpg . Kb,IRCabfa elakmin)aneRbI \ti sBÞTuk

¬minman {\ti} sBÞ¦ . mü:ageTot c sBÞ rYmsegçbesckþIEdl

min)aneBalTuk . Gf sBÞ ¬nig¦ \ti sBÞ Cani)at . Baküfa

]c©avcanM ¬epSg²¦ kñúg)aTKafafa ]c©avcanM vNÑanM ¬EdlmanBN’


epSg²¦ enH Kb,IeXIjfa minlubviPtþi . GFib,ayfa manBN’x<s;

nigTab KW manBN’epSg² Kña . mYyeTot Baküfa vNÑanM ¬Edl

manBN’¦ )andl; EdlmanBN’ . Baküfa kiBa¢kçbrivarita ¬ecam

eramedayRtbkeksr¦ )andl; ecameramedayRtbkeksrpáa .

EdlBit BaküenaH CabzmviPtþi EteRbIkñúgGtßqdæIv iPtþi . manBakü

GFib,aydUecñHfa eTBFIta nagRTRTg;Rbdab;TukelIsirS³rbs;xøÜn

nUvkRmgpáamnÞarv³ KW kRmgEdleFVIedaypáamnÞarv³TaMgenaH eRBaH

páamnÞarv³TaMgenaHEdlmanBN’epSg² KW exov elOg exµA hgS-

)aT Rkhm nigBN’déT² manBN’sCaedIm Edlecamerameday

Rtbkeksr KW lMGgCab;tameTA mansNæanRTg;RTays¥atCaedIm

b¤eRBaHpáamnÞarv³ EdlmanBN’tamEdleBalehIyepSg² Kña ekIt

GMBIedImmnÞarvbusS .

edIm,IsMEdgfa páaeQITaMgenaHcakGMBIedImeQIenaH minTUeTA

dl;sYK’Can;déT eRBaHmanBN’BiessEbøk RBHmanRBHPaKeTIb)an

Rtas;fa nyiem GeBaØsu kaeysu rukça snþi suemFes ¬mñal


eTBFItaGñkmanR)aCJal¥>>> edImeQITaMgenH minmankñúgBYkeTvtadéT

eT¦ . kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa \em ¬edImeQITaMgenH¦ Rbkb

esckþIfa edImeQImanpáaRbkbedayBN’ nigrUbragCaedIm tamEdl

eBalehIy minman . Baküfa kaeysu ¬kñúgBYkeTvta¦ )andl;

kñúgBYkeTvtaTaMgLay . Baküfa suemFes ¬eTBFItaGñkmanbBaØa

l¥¦ )andl; eTvFItaGñkmanR)aCJax<g;x<s; .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa nIla ¬exov¦ manBnøWBN’exov

dUcEkvmNI dUc\nÞnil nigmhanilCaedIm . Baküfa bIta ¬elOg¦

)andl; manBnøWelOg EbbmNIrtn_ manbusSraKm kekátn³ nig

bulk³ CaedIm nigmassgÁI . Baküfa kaLa ¬exµA¦ )andl; BnøW

BN’exµA EbbEkvmNI dUcfµEkvGsSmk³ fµEkv]blk³CaedIm .

Baküfa mBa¢idæa ¬hsS)aT¦ )andl; BnøWBN’hgS)aT EbbEkvmNI

dUcEkveCatirs EkveKamutþk³ nigEkveKaemTk³CaedIm . Baküfa

elahita ¬Rkhm¦ )andl; BnøWBN’Rkhm EbbEkvmNI dUcCaEkv

TTwm EkvRkhm EkvRbvaLCaedIm . cMENkGacarüBYkxøH ykBakü


nIl³ ¬exov¦ CaedIm RbkbcUlCamYyBaküfa rukça ¬edImeQI¦ Ca

nIlarukça CaedIm . EdlBit edImeQIk¾ehAfa exovCaedIm)an eRBaH

RbkbedayBN’exovCaedIm ehtueRBaHRKbdNþb;edaypáaeQI man

BN’exovCaedIm eRBaHehtuenaH edayBaküTaMgenaHfa nIla bIta

c kaLa c .eb. nyiem GeBaØsu kaeysu rukça snþi suemFes

dUecñH Kb,IRbkbesckþIfa nagRTRTg;kRmgpáamnÞarv³EdlmanBN’

epSg² eBareBjedayRtbkeksrcakGMBIedImeQINa . kñúgBakü

TaMgenaH karsMEdgedImeQITukCaEpñkmYy edayRbmUlpáaeQIEdl

RbkbedayBN’BiessecjeTAtamkarEdleXIjehIy sMEdgdl;

Pav³EdlpáaeQITaMgenaHCarbs;minTUeTA cat;Can½ydMbUg karsMEdg

páaeQITukCaEpñkmYyeTot edaykarsMEdgPav³EdledImeQICarbs;

minTUeTA cat;Can½yTI 2 . kñúgn½ydMbUg kan;ykBN’CaedImeday

sPav³ kñúgn½yTI 2 kan;ykedaymux KW edImeQIEdlCaTIGaRs½y

¬rbs;BN’¦ . kñúgRbkarenaH BN’ nigedImeQITaMgenaH manesckþI

BiessdUceBalmkenH .


Baküfa ekn ¬GVI¦ RbkbesckþIfa eRBaHbuBaØkmµGVI nageTIb

cUldl;BYkeTvtaCan;tavtwgS . Baküfa bucäitacikç ¬nagRtÚvtfaKt

sYrehIy cUrR)ab;pg¦ esckþIfa nagRtÚvtfaKtsYrehIy cUrR)ab;

cUreBalmkcuH .

eTBFItaenaH RtÚvRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;sYry:agenHehIy eTIb

)anTUlBüakredayKafaTaMgenHfa

CnTaMgLaysÁal;´RBHGgÁfa PTÞitßika ´RBH

GgÁCa])asikaenAkñúgkim<ilnKr CaGñkbribUN’eday

sT§a nigsIl eRtkGrkñúgkarEckTansBVkal man

citþRCHføakñúgRBHGriy³GñkbdibtþiRtg; )anfVaysMBt;

esøókdNþb; Gahar esnasn³ nigeRKÓgRbTIb .

´RBHGgÁ)anrkSa]e)asf RbkedayGgÁ 8

Gs;éf¶TI 14 TI 15 nigTI 8 énbkç Gs;)adiha-

riybkç .

sRgÜmedayl¥kñúgsIlsBVkal EckTan eTIb


)anRKb;RKgvimanenH .

evorcak)aNati)at 1 evorcakkarlYc 1


kuhk 1 q¶aycakkarpwkTwkRsvwg 1 .

´RBHGgÁeBjcitþkñúgsikçabTTaMg 5 CaGñk

QøaskñúgGriysc©Fm’ Ca])asikarbs;RBHBuT§RTg;

manRBHsmnþckçú RTg;manRbRktIenAedayesckþImin

RbmaT .

´RBHGgÁ)anbMeBjsucritkmµ eFV Ik uslkmµ

ehIy cuticakmnusSelakenaHehIy CaeTBFItaGñk

manrsµIWedayxøÜnÉg Rtac;eTArIkraykñúgnnÞnv½n mYy

eTot ´RBHGgÁ)anfVayGaharcMeBaHGñkGnueRKaHmnusS-

elakedayRbeyaCn_d¾éRkElg nigdl;KUén\sIEdl

CaGñkR)aCJFM nig)anbMeBjsucritkmµ eFVIkuslkmµ

ehIycuticakmnusSelakenaHehIy CaeTBFItaEdl


manrsµIkñúgxøÜnÉg Rtac;rIkraykñúgnnÞnv½n .

´RBHGgÁrkSa]e)asfRbkbedayGgÁ 8 naMmk

nUvesckþIsux EdlkMNt;min)anmkGs;kalCanic©

)anbMeBjsucritkmµ eFVIkuslkmµehIy cutiGMBI

mnusSelakenaHehIy CaeTBFItaEdlmanrsµIeday

xøÜnÉg Rtac;rIkraykñúgnnÞnvn .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH bTfa PTÞit ß ikati mM GBaØ wsu kim< ilayM

])asika ¬CnTaMgLaysÁal;´RBHGgÁfa PTÞit ß ika ´RBHGgÁCa])a-

sikaenAkñúgkim<ilnKr¦ esckþIfa RsImñak;enHCaRsIs¥at KW CamnusS

l¥ ¬éxsBÞ PTÞa = sunÞra¦ edaykarkat;esckþIsgS½yEdlekItehIy

fa {CaGñkmansIlmindac; eRBaHRkEsTwkFMEdlekIteLIgbnSat;naM

ykGacarsm,tþ i ¬nig¦ scäikiriyaecjeTAmin)an . eRBaHdUecñaH

Gñkkim< ilnKreTIbsÁal;´RBHGgÁfa ])asikaeQµaHfa PTÞit ß ika .

)aTKafaCaedImfa sT§asIeln sm,nña ¬CaGñkbribUN’edaysT§a

nigsIl¦ manesckþIgayTaMgenaHÉg eRBaHmann½ydUceBalmkGMBI


munenaHÉg .

mü:ageTot eTBFItasMEdgRTBü KW sT§aedayBaküenHfa sT§a/

sMEdgRTBü KW caK³edayBaküenHfa ´RBHGgÁeRtkGrkñ úgkarEck

rMElkrbs;CaTan ´mancitþRCHføa )anfVaysMBt;esøókdNþb; Gahar

esnasn³ nigeRKÓgRbTIbkñúgRBHGriy³GñkbdibtþiRtg;/ sMEdgRTBü

KW sIl RTBü KW hiri nigRTBü KW »tþb,³ edayBaküenHfa ´

RBHGgÁsm,ÚredaysIl )anrkSanUv]e)asfEdlRbkbedayGgÁ 8

.l. ´RBHGgÁeRtkGrkñ úgsikçabTTaMg 5/ sMEdgRTBü KW sutþ³

nigRTBü KW bBaØa edayBaküenHfa CaGñkQøaskñúgGriysc©Fm’

eTBFItaenaHsMEdgkar)anGriyRTBü 7 Rbkarrbs;xøÜn dUceBalmk

dUecñH . eTBFItabgðajGanisgSénkar)anGriyRTBü 7 enaH TaMg

EdlCabc©úb,nñ TaMgEdlCacMENkxagmux edayBaküenHfa ])asika

ckçúmeta .eb. Gnuvicrami nnÞnM ¬Ca])asikarbs;RBHBuT§RTg;man

RBsmnþckçú .l. Rtac;rIkraykñúgnnÞnvn¦ . kñúgbTTaMgenaH bTfa

ktavkasa ¬)anbMeBjsucritkmµ¦ )andl; maneRKÓgenA KW suc-


ritkmµEdlseRmcehIy . BitNas; sucritkmµ ehAfa Gavas

¬TIenA¦ énsuxviharFm’ eRBaHehtuenACasuxkñúgbc©úb,nñ nigGnaKt .

eRBaHehtuenaH eTBFItaeTIbeBalfa )anbMeBjsucritkmµ .

eTBFItaRKaeBalbuNüseRmcedayTanrbs;xøÜn EdlCaextþ

BiessEdlminsmö½sSRtÚvmkGMBImunehIy \LÚvenH edIm,InwgsMEdg

karRbsBVGNþÚgekIténbuNüenaH eTIbeBalBaküfa PikçÚ c ¬nig

Pikçú¦ CaedIm . kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa PikçÚ eQµaHfa Pikçú eRBaH

CaGñkTmøaykielsmin[manesssl; . Baküfa brmhitanuk-

m,ek ¬GñkGnueRKaHmnusSelakedayRbeyaCn_d¾y:agéRkElg¦ )an

dl; GñkGnueRKaHRbeyaCn_d¾FMEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgbcú ñb,nñCaedIm Ca

y:agERkElg KW d¾elIs . Baküfa GePaCyw ¬)anfVayGahar¦

)andl; ´RBHGgÁ)an[elakqan;ePaCnd¾RbNIt . Baküfa tb-

sSiyuKM ¬TaMg 2 rUbmantb³¦ )andl; KU ¬GKÁsavk¦ Gñkmantb³

eRBaHdutbMpøaj kat;kielsmnÞilTaMgGs;)anCasmuecäTedaytb³

d¾x<g;x<s; . Baküfa mhamunw ¬CaGñkR)aCJFM¦ )andl; CaGñkEsVg


rkKuNFMeRBaHtbFm’enaHÉg b¤eQµaHfa CaGñkR)aCJFM eRBaHdwg KW

kMNt;vis½yrbs;xøÜnEdlFM )anedayjaNy:agFMenaHÉg . Bakü

TaMgGs;enaH eTBFItaeBalsMedAykRBHGKÁsavkTaMg 2 .

Baküfa GbrimitM suxavhM ¬naMmknUvesckþIsuxEdlkMNt;

min)anmk[¦ elakeBalmin)anlubniKÁhit . )andl; Edl[

ekIthitsuxmanbrimaNelIsRBHtRmas;rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK eday

BaküdEdl dUcRBH)alIfa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay nwgeBal[Gs;dl;

esckþIsuxelIsYK’ mingayeLIy} b¤naMsuxmk rkRbmaNmin)an

KW naMsuxmkedayGanuPaBrbs;xø Ün . Baküfa sttM ¬Cab;Canic©¦

)andl; sBVevla . RbkbesckþIfa minevoréf¶]e)asfenaH² b¤

eFV Iéf¶rkSa]e)asfenaHmin[dac; eFV I[bribUN’ naMesckþIsuxmk[

Cab;Canic© b¤RKb;evla . Baküd¾essdUcn½y)aneBalmkGMBImun

ehIy .

RKaenaH RBHd¾manRBHPaKRTg;sMEdgGPiFmµbidkGs; 3 Ex

eR)asBYkeTvta nigRBhµenAkñ úg 10>000 elakFatu manRBHmata


eTvbuRtCaRbFan esþcRtLb;mkkan;mnusSelakehIy RTg;sMEdg

PTÞitß ikaviman eR)asdl;Pikç úTaMgLay . RBHFmµeTsnaenaH)anCa

RbeyaCn_dl;bris½TEdlRbCuMKñaehIy dUecñHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa PTÞitß ikav imanTI 5

3

-269- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ esaNTinñavimansURtTI 6

Gdðkza esaNTinñavimanTI 6

{esaNTinñaviman}

[23] esaNTinñavimanmanBaküfa GPikáenþn veNÑn ¬En

eTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ . esaNTinñavimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enARBHeCtBn naRkúgsavtßI . k¾sm½y

enaH ])asikamñak;eQµaH esaNTinña kñúgRkúgnalnÞa mansT§aRCHføa

TMnukbMrugPikçúTaMgLayedaybc©½y 4 edayeKarB mannic©sIld¾bri-

suT§l¥ ehIycaM]e)asfRbkbedayGgÁ 8 pg . nagesaNTinña

enaH )ansþab;Fm’EdlCaTIsb,ay ceRmInkmµdæankñúgsc©³ 4 éRkElg

eLIg k¾)anCaesatabnñeRBaHdl;RBmeday]bnisS½y . tmk nag

ekIteraKmYyRbePTsøab;ehIy eTAekItkñúgzantavtwgS . RBHmha

emaKÁløan)ansaksYreTBFItaenaHeday 3 KafaTaMgenaHfa

EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥ júa MgTisTaMg

BYg[PøWc,as; dUcCapáayRBwk .




RKb;y:agCaTIeBjcitþeTIbekItdl;nag ?

EneTBFItaGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn GatµasUmsYr



sm,úrrbs;nag k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

eTvtaenaH RtÚvRBHemaKÁløansYrehIy man


enHfa ?

CnTaMgLaysÁal;´fa esaNTinña ´Ca])a-

sikaenAkñúgRkúgnalnÞa CaGñksm,ÚredaysT§a nig

sIl eRtkGrkñúgkarEckrMElknUvTansBVkal man



´)anrkSa]e)asfRbkbedayGgÁ 8 Gs;éf¶

-271- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ esaNTin ñavimansURtTI 6

TI 14 TI 15 TI 8 énbkç nigGs;)adihariybkç .

sRgÜmedayl¥kñúgsIlsBVkal EcknUvTan

eTIb)anRKb;RKgvimanenH




éRtkGrkñ úgsikçabTTaMg 5 CaGñkQøasév

kñúgGriysc©Fm’ Ca])asikarbs;RBHBuT§RTg;manRBH

smnþckç ú GñkRTRTg;nUvRBHys .

eRBaHbuNüenaH éTIbmansm,úrdUecñaH eRBaH


ePaK³RKb;y:agCaTIeBjcitþ eTIbekItdl;´ .



eRBaHbuNüenaH éTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgdUecñH TaMg


sm,úrrbs;´ k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

BaküenaHTaMgGs; mann½ydUcEdleBalehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa esaNTinñav imanTI 6

3

-273- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ ]e)sfavimansURtTI 7

Gdðkza óe:szavimanTI 7

{vimanrbs;®sþIeQµaH]e)asfa}

[24] ]e)asfvimanmanBaküepþImfa GPikáenþn veNÑn ¬En

eTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ . ]e)asfvimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa ?

Gtßúb,tþ i ¬ehtuekIterOg¦ kñ úgerOgenH manesckþIEbøkKñaRtwm

Etfa ])asikamñak;eQµaH ]e)asfa kñúgRkúgsaekt . Baküd¾ess

dUcKñanwgerOgvimanknøgmk . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHsgÁItikacarüeTIb

eBalfa RBHmhaemaKÁløansYrfa













enHfa ?

eTvtaeqø Iyfa ?

CnTaMgLaysÁal;´fa ]e)asfa ´Ca])a-

sikaenAkñúgRkúgsaekt CaGñksm,ÚredaysT§a nig

sIl eRtkGrkñúgkarEckrMElknUvTansBVkal man
















ePaK³RKb;y:agCaTIeBjcitþeTIbekItdl;´ .



eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgdUecñH TaMg sm,úrrbs;´ k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

eTvFItaenaHkalnwgsMEdgeTasmYyrbs;xøÜn eTIb)aneBal

Kafa 2 KafaeTotfa


qnÞ³ ¬esckþIeBjcitþ¦ ekIteLIgdl;´ eRBaH

)ansþab;erOgnnÞnvnCaerOy² eRBaHehtuEdltaMg

citþeTAkñúgnnÞnvnenaH ´eTIb)ancUldl;nnÞnvn .

´min)aneFVItamRBHvacarbs;RBHsasþa CaRBH

BuT§RTg;manepABgSCaRBHGaTitü eRBaHtaMgcitþTukkñúg

PBEdlefakTab ´enaHeTIbmanesckþIekþARkhaycitþ

kñ úgxageRkay .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa ]e)asfati mM GBaØ wsu ¬Cn

TaMgLaysÁal;´fa ]e)asfa¦ esckþIfa mnusSTaMgLaysÁal;´

edayeQµaHenHfa ]e)asfa . Baküfa saektayM ¬kñúgRkúgsaekt¦

)andl; kñ úgnKrsaekt .

Baküfa GPikçnM ¬erOy²¦ )andl; RbcaM . Baküfa nnÞnM

sutVa ¬eRBaHsþab;erOgnnÞnvn¦ )andl; eRBaH)ansþab;dl;TiBVsm,tþi

manRbkarepSg² kñúgPBtavtwgSenaHfa eQµaHfa nnÞnvnkñúgPBtav-

twgSdUecñH nigdUecñH . Baküfa qenÞa ¬qnÞ³¦ )andl; esckþIeBj


citþkñ úgkuslCaehtuénbuBaØkmµEdlnwg[ekItkñ úgPBtavtwgSenaH b¤

esckþIeBjcitþedayGMNactNða EdlCaesckþIR)afñanwgekItkñ úgPB

tavtwgSenaH . Baküfa ]bbC¢f ¬ekIt¦ )andl; ekIteLIgehIy .

Baküfa ttß )andl; kñ úgPBtavtwgS . BitehIy eTBFItaeBal

dl;eTvelakenaH edaykarGagsYnnnÞnvndEdl . Baküfa ]b-

bnñmð i ¬´eTIbcUldl;¦ )andl; ´ekItehIy KW )anekItehIy .

bTfa nakasw stßú vcnM ¬´min)aneFVItamRBHvacarbs;RBH

sasþa¦ esckþIfa ´min)aneFVItamRBHtRmas;EdlRBHsasþa)anRtas;

Tuk edayn½yCaedImfa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay tfaKtsresIrPBsUm,I

manRbmaNtic rkminman} . GFib,ayfa minlHqnÞraK³kñ úgPB

TaMgLay . RBHGaTitüCaeKatmeKaRt sUm,IRBHd¾manRBHPaKk¾Ca

eKatmeKaRt eRBaHehtuenaH eTBFItaeTIbeBalfa BuT§sSaTic©BT§úena

¬RBHBuT§CaepABgSénRBHGaTitü¦ eRBaHRTg;manRBHeKaRtdUcKña . mü:ag

eTot epABgSénRBHGaTitü eQµaHfa GaTic©Bn§ú KW RBHmanRBHPaK .

mü:ageTot epABgSeQµaHfa RBHGaTitü eRBaHRTg;GaRs½yRBHGaTitü


enaHehIy k¾ekItkñúgGriyCati b¤eQµaHfa GaTic©Bn§ú eRBaHRTg;CabuRt

ekItecjGMBIRTÚgrbs;RBHGaTitüenaH KW RBHmanRBHPaK . smdUc

EdlelakeBalTukehIyfa

suriy³NabeBa©jBnøWeFVI[PøWkñúgTIggwt CargVg;

mUlmanetCHx<s; mñalrahU GñkkuMelbsuriy³enaH

EdlkMBugeKacrenAkñ úgGakaseLIy mñalrahU Gñk

cUrElgsuriy³EdlCabCa ¬buRt¦ rbs;eyIgcuH .

Baküfa hIen ¬GaRkk;¦ KW efakTab . eTBFItaeBaldl;

esckþIeRtkGrrbs;xø ÜnkñúgPB . Baküfa samði kat;bTfa sa

Gmði ¬´enaHeTIbman¦ .

kaleTBFItaenaH RbkasnUvesckþIekþARkhayEdlekIteLIg

eRBaHesckþIeRtkGrkñúgPBEdlsagTuky:agenHehIy RBHefr³man

bMNg[dwgfa PB ¬rbs;nag¦ RtÚvkMNt;TukehIy edIm,InwglYgelam

fa {kartaMgenAkñúgGtþPaBCamnusSteTA eFVI[QancuHkan;Tukçkñ úgvdþ³

)angay} nigfa {PaBCaGñkGs;Gasv³RKb;Rbkar manGanisgS


eRcIn} eTIbeBalKafafa

En]e)asfaeTBFIta nagnwgenAkñ úgvimanenH

Gs;kalyUrbu :n µan nagRtÚvGatµasYrehIy ebInag

dwgGayu cUrR)ab;mkcuH .

eTBFItaeqøIyfa

bBiRtelakGñkR)aCJFM ´zitenAkñ úgvimanenH

60>000 qña M cuticakTIenHehIy eTIbnwgeTAekItCa

mnusS .

RBHmhaemaKÁløaneFV IeTBFItaenaH [Gach‘anedayKafaenH

eTotfa

En]e)asfaeTBFIta nagkuMx øaceLIy nag

CaGñkRBHsm<úT §RTg;BüakrehIyfa nagseRmcKuN

viess CaRBHesatabnñ TuKÁtinag)anlHbg;ehIy .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa kIvcirM ¬yUrbu :n µan¦ )andl;

Gs;evlayUrbu :nµan . bTfa \F )andl; kñ úgeTvelakenH b¤kñúg


vimanenH . Baküfa Gayu ena ERbfa Gayu . Baküfa ena Rtwm

EtCani)at . b¤dwgfa GayuyUr b¤minyUr . mYyeTot GFib,ayfa

ebInagRCabnUvGayu . eTBFItaehARBHefr³edayBaküfa mhamuni

¬bBiRtelakGñkR)aCJFM¦ .

bTfa ma tVM ]e)asef Payi¬1¦ ¬En]e)asfaeTBFIta nag

kuMxøaceLIy¦ esckþIfa ]e)asfad¾ceRmIn nagkuMxøaceLIy . eRBaH

ehtuGVI? eRBaHRBHsmµasm<úT§RTg;)anBüakrnagTukehIy . Büakrfa

y:agNa? Büakrfa seRmcKuNviessCaesatabnñ . nagdl;

KW seRmcKuNviessEdlcUlcitþfa CamKÁpl eRBaHdUecñaH eTIb

eQµaHfa dl;KuNviess eRBaHdl;KuNviesssUm,IenH eQµaHfa

naglHTuKÁtisUm,ITaMgBYg)anehIy . Baküd¾essdUcn½yEdl)an

eBalehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ]e)sfavimanTI 7 3

1¦ bidk = ma tVM ]e)asef Pyi .

-281- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ suniT ÞavimansURtTI 8

Gdðkza suniTÞavimanTI 8

{vimanrbs;®sþIeQµaHsuniTÞa}

[25] vimanTI 8 CaerOgEdlekIteLIgkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH . kñúg

Gtßúb,tþi ¬ehtuekIterOg¦ rbs;]e)asikaeQµaH suniTÞa Kb,IeBalfa

¬kñ úgKafavimanvtß ú¦ tamlMdab;fa {CnTaMgLay)an sÁal;nUv´fa

suniTÞa ´Ca])asika .l. rbs;RBHeKatm eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIb

mansm,úrEbbenaH . Baküd¾essdUcn½yEdl)aneBalehIy .

sUm,IkñúgKafak¾minmanBaküfµI . Bity:agenaH kñúgKm<IrxøH elakk¾taMg

)alITuk edayeRbIebyüal³ . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHsgÁItikacarü

eTIbeBalTukfa RBHmhaemaKÁløansYrfa













enHfa ?

CnTaMgLaysÁal;´fa suniTÞa ´Ca])asika

enAkñ úgRkúgraRKwH CaGñksm,ÚredaysT§a nigsIl

eRtkGrkñúgkarEckrMElknUvTansBVkal mancitþ

RCHføakñ úgRBHGriy³Gñkbdibtþ iRtg; )anfVaysMBt;





-283- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ suniTÞavimansURtTI 8










RKb;y:agCaTIeBjcitþeTIbekItdl;´ .



eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgdUecñH TaMg sm,úrrbs;´ eTIbPø Wc,as;eTAsBVTis .

cb;Gdækfa suniTÞavimanTI 8 3


Gdðkza suTinñavimanTI 9

{vimanrbs;®sþIeQµaHsuTinña}

[26] vimanTI 9 CaerOgekItkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH . kñúgGtßúb,tþi

¬ehtuekIterOg¦ rbs;])asikaeQµaHsuTinña eBaltamlMdab;fa {Cn

TaMgLay)ansÁal;´fa suTinña ´Ca])asika .l. énRBHeKatm

RTg;manRBHys eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmansm,úrdUecñH} . Bakü

d¾essmann½ydUcEdleBalehIy . sUm,Ikñ úgKafa k¾minmanBakü

fµ I BitehIy Km<IrxøH elakk¾taMg)alITukeRbIebyüalEdr . eRBaH

ehtuenaH RBHsgÁItikacarüeBalTukfa RBHmhaemaKÁløansYrfa







-285- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ suTinñavimansURtTI 9






enHfa ?

CnTaMgLaysÁal;´fa suTinña ´Ca])asika

enAkñ úgRkúgraRKwH CaGñksm,ÚredaysT§a nigsIl

eRtkGrkñúgkarEckrMElknUvTansBVkal mancitþ

RCHføakñ úgRBHGriy³Gñkbdibtþ iRtg; )anfVaysMBt;



















cb;Gdækfa suTinñavimanTI 9

3

-287- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ bzmPikçaTayikavimansURtTI 10

Gdðkza bfmPik¡aTayikaviman 10

{vimanrbs;®sþIfVayPikçaTI 1}

[27] bzmPikçaTayikavimanmanBaküepþImfa GPikáenþn veNÑn

¬EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ . bzmPikçaTayikavimanTI 1 enaH

ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñúgRBHeCtBn RkúgsavtßI . sm½y

enaH ®sþImñak;enAkñ úg]tþrmFuranKr CaGñkGs;GayuehIy KYrekItkñúg

G)ayPUmi . RBHmanRBHPaKecjcakmhakruNasmabtþi kñ úgevla

CitPøW RTg;RtÜtemIlelak RTg;eXIj®sþIenaHEdlKYrekItkñúgG)ayPUmi

manRBHT½yRBHmhakruNadas;etOnehIy manBuT§bMNg[nagtaMg

enAkñúgsuKtiPUmi eTIbesþcyageTAkan;muFuranKrEtmYyRBHGgÁÉg min

manGñkCab;tam . RKaesþceTAehIy kñúgevlaRBwk RTg;Rbdab;)aRt

nigcIvr esþccarikbiNÐ)ateRkARBHnKr . sm½yenaH ®sþ IenaH cat;

EcgGaharTukkñ úgTImçagkñ úgpÞHeRscehIy k¾kan;k¥meTAkMBg;Twk dg

TwkeBjk¥mehIy kMBugRtLb;mkpÞHrbs;xøÜn k¾CYbRBHsasþakñúgcenøaH


pøÚv eTIbTUlfa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn RTg;)anbiNÐ)atehIyb¤?}

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRtas;fa {k¾Kg;nwg)an} k¾dwgfa RBHGgÁenAminTan;

)anbiNÐ)at dak;k¥mTwk cUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK fVaybgÁMehIy

RkabTUlfa {bBiRtRBHGgÁd¾ceRmIn ´RBHGgÁnwgfVaybiNÐ)at RTg;

eR)asTTYlcuH} . RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;TTYledaytuNðIPaB . ®sþI

enaHdwgfa RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;TTYlehIy eTIbedIry:agelOneTAmun

RkalGasn³elITIs¶Üt nigrabesµI QrsmøwgemIlRBHmanRBHPaK .

RBHmanRBHPaKesþcyagcUlkan;pÞH Rbfab;Kg;elIGasn³EdlRkal

fVay . eBlenaH nag)anfVayRBHmanRBHPaKesayehIy . RBH

manRBHPaKesayeRscehIy RTg;dkRBHhtßecjGMBI)aRt RTg;eFV I

GnuemaTnadl;nag ehIyk¾esþcyagecjeTA . nagsþab;GnuemaTna

ehIy manbIti nigesamnsSminEmntic minlHbg;bItiEdlmanRBH

BuT§CaGarmµN_ QrnmsáarrhUtRBHGgÁyageTAput .

knøgeTA)an 2-3 éf¶bu :eNÑaH nagsøab;ehIyeTAekItkñ úgPB

tavtwgS maneTBGbSrRbmaN 1>000 Cabrivar . RBHmhaemaKÁløan

-289- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ bzmPikçaTayikavimansURtTI 10

sYreTBFItaenaHedayKafafa










eTvtatbfa ?



enHfa ?

kñúgCatimun kalekItCamnusS kñúgBYkmnusS


kñúgmnusSelak ´)anCYbRBHBuT§RTg;R)ascakkiels

dUcFUlI RTg;pUrpg; minkkrl¥k; k¾RCHføa eTIb)an

fVayPikçacMeBaHRBHGgÁedayédTaMg 2 rbs;xø Ün .







Baküd¾essTaMgGs;manesckþIgayyl;TaMgenaH eRBaHman

n½ydUceBalehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa bzmPikçaTayikaTI 10

3

-291- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ TutiyPikçaTayikavimansURtTI 11

Gdðkza TutiyPik¡aTayikavimanTI 11

{vimanrbs;®sþIGñkfVayPikçaTI 2}

[28] PikçaTayikavimanTI 2 manBaküepþImfa GPikáenþn veNÑn

¬EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥¦ . PikçaTayikavimanTI 2 enaH ekIt

eLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKkalRbfab;enAkñúgRBHevLúvn sßanTIciBa©wmstV

kEgðn eTobRkúgraCRKwH . kñúgRkúgraCRKwHenaH man®sþImñak; mansT§a

RCHføa )aneXIjRBHefr³CaxINaRsBmYyrUbkMBugRtac;biNÐ)at k¾

nimnþ[elakcUleTApÞHrbs;xøÜn ehIyfVayePaCnahar . sm½y

tmk nagsøab;ehIyeTAekItkñ úgPBtavtwgS . Baküd¾essk¾dUcKña

nwgerOgvimanTI 10 enaHÉg .

RBHmhaemaKÁløanetßrsYreTBFItaenaH edayKafaenHfa













enHfa ?

kñúgCatimun kalekItCamnusS kñúgBYkmnusS

kñúgmnusSelak ´)anCYbRBHBuT§RTg;R)ascakkiels

dUcFUlI RTg;pUrpg; minkkrl¥k; k¾RCHføa eTIb)an

fVayPikçacMeBaHRBHGgÁedayédTaMg 2 rbs;xø Ün .



-293- Gdækfa citþltavKÁ TutiyPikçaTayikavimansURtTI 11





cb;Gdækfa TutiyPikçaTayikaviman TI 11

3

GdækfacitþltavKÁTI 2 Rbdab;edayerOg 11 erOg

kñ úgvimanvtßú énGdækfaxuTÞknikay eQµaHbrmtßTIbnI


s t r

1> kñúgerOgTI 2 enH eTBFIta)anRbeKnPikçacMeBaHPikçú EtesckþInageqøIyfa )anfVay cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK? . {GñkERb}

:::rrrii icccää ätttþþ þkkkvvvKKK<< <TTTII I 333

s t r


:ricätþkvK<TI 3

Gdðkza óLarvimanTI 1

{]Larviman}

[29] kñúg)aricätþkvKÁTI 3 Kb,IRCabvinicä ½ydUcteTAenH ?

]LarvimanmanBaküepþ Imfa ]Laera et yesa veNÑa ¬En

eTBFIta ys nigsm,úrrbs;nagFMéRkElg¦ . ]LarvimanenaH

ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHd¾manRBHPaKRbfab;enAevLúmhavihar sßanTIciBa© wmstV

kEgðn eTobRkúgraCRKwH . sm½yenaH kñúgRtkUl]bdæakrbs;RBH

mhaemaKÁløanetßr³ manRsIRkmuMmñak;eBjcitþkñ úgkar[Tan eRtkGr

kñúgkarEckcayTan . nag[TanBak;kNþalGMBIrbs;TMBar rbs;

briePaKCaGaharRBwk EdlekIteLIgkñúgpÞH . xø ÜnÉgbriePaKBak;

kNþal RbsinebIenAmin)an[ k¾minbriePaK kalenAmineXIjGñk

EdlKYr[ k¾rkSaTukfVaykñúgevlaEdlxøÜneXIj ¬GñkTTYl¦ . nag

-295- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ ]LarvimansURtTI 1

[dl;yackpg . RKatmk matarbs;nagsresIrfa kUnRkmuMrbs;

eyIgeBjcitþkñúgkar[Tan eRtkGrkñ úgkarEckcayTan eTIbbEnßm

[nagCa 2 cMENk . mYyeTot matakalnwg[ rEmgbEnßm[eTot

kñúgkalkUnRkmuM)anEckcMENkmYyeTAehIy nageFV IkarEckcayGMBI

cMENkenaHÉg .

kalevlaknøgeTAy:agenH matabitak¾elIkkUnRkmuMEdlceRmIn

v½yehIy [dl;kumarkñúgRtkUlmYykñúgRkúgenaHÉg . EtRtkUlenaH

CamicäaTidæ i minmansT§a minmanesckþIRCHføa . RKaenaH RBHmha

emaKÁløanecjbiNÐ)ateTAtamlMdab;RckkñúgRkúgraCRKwH )aneTAQr

enARtg;TVarpÞHrbs;«Bukekµkrbs;nag . nagRKaeXIjRBHmhaemaKÁ-

løanenaH k¾mancitþRCHføa nimnþ[cUleTAkñúgpÞH ehIyfVaybgÁM kal

mineXIjmþayekµk eTIbkan;visas³yknMEdlmþayekµkTuk edayKit

fa eyIgnwgR)ab;[mþayekµkGnuemaTna eTIb)anfVaydl;RBHefr³ .

RBHefr³eFV IGnuemaTnaehIyk¾RtLb;eTA . nageTIbR)ab;dl;

mþayekµkfa {´)anfVaynMEdlEm:TukcMeBaHRBHmhaemaKÁløanehIy} .


mþayekµkkal)ansþab;dUecñaH eTIbeBalKMhkcMeBaHnagfa {enHerOg

GVI minR)ab;m©as;mun ykeTA[smN³Gs;ehIy} eRkaFdUcCabEnßm

]skñúgePøIg min)annwkdl;vtßúKYrminKYr k¾cab;ykGERgEdldak;Tuk

xagmuxvaynagRtg;sµamçag . eRBaHnagCasuxumalCati nigeRBaH

nwgRtÚvGs;Gayu nag)anTTYlTukçd¾xøa MgedaykarvayenaHÉg tmk

2-3 éf¶ k¾søab;eTA eTAekItkñ úgsYK’Can;tavtwgS . sUm,Ikalkmµ

sucritdéTk¾man EtTanEdlnagfVaydl;RBHefr³ CaTanEdlCaTI

eBjcitþéRkElg )anR)akddl;nag . RBHmhaemaKÁløan)aneTA

edayn½ydUceBalehIykñúgxageRkay eTIbsYrnagedayKafafa

EneTBFIta ys nigsm,úrrbs;nagFMéRkElg

júaMgTisTaMgBYg[PøWc,as; BYkeTBnarI nigBYkeTv-

butþ GñkRbdab;y:agl¥ raM eRcóg rIkray ecameram

edIm,IbeRmIdl;nagehIy .

Ennagd¾Rss;s¥at vimanrbs;nagTaMgenHsuT§

EtCavimanmas TaMgnagesat k¾CaFMCagBYkeTvta


BYkEdlseRmcedayesckþIR)afñaRKb;y:ag CaGñk

ekItl¥CagedIm FMéRkElg rIkrayehIykñúgBYkeTvta

EneTBFIta nagEdlGatµasYrehIy cUrR)ab;cuHfa

plenH CaplénkmµGV I .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa yesa ¬ys¦ )andl; brivar .

bTfa veNÑa ¬vNÑ³¦ )andl; rsµIvNÑ³ KW BnøWecjGMBIragkay .

cMENkBaküfa ]Laera ¬FMéRkElg¦ enH elakeBaldl;brivarsm,tþi

nigvNÑsm,tþirbs;eTvtaenaH edayeBal[viess . kñúgsm,tþ i

TaMgenaH edIm,IsMEdgdl;vNÑsm,tþi EdlelakeBalTukedaysegçb

fa vNÑ³rbs;nagFMéRkElg [BisþaredayGMNacénvis½y eTIb

eBalfa sBVa »Paset Tisa ¬PøWc,as;eTAsBVTis¦ . edIm,IsMEdg

dl;brivarsm,tþ i EdlelakeBalTukfa ysrbs;nagFMéRkElg

edayGMNacvtß ú eTIbeBalfa narieya nc©nþ i ¬BYkeTBnarI>>> ra M

eRcóg¦ CaedIm .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa sBVa »Paset Tisa ¬Pø Wc,as;


eTAsBVTis¦ )andl; Pø WeTAkan;TisTaMgGs; b¤júaMgTisTaMgGs;[

Pøwc,as; . GFib,ayfa rugerOgehIy . GacarüBYkxøHeBalesckþIén

Baküfa »Paset CaedImCa »Pasenþ edayeFVIvcn³[eXøógXøat .

GacarüBYkenaHKb,Ipøas;viPtþ iCa veNÑn .

mYyeTot Baküfa veNÑn CattiyaviPtþicuHkñúgGtßfa ehtu .

mann½yfa eRBaHehtu KW eRBaHPaBCaehtu . mYyeTot Baküfa

sBVa Tisa ¬sBVTis¦ kalsMedAdl;TisTUeTAtamFmµCati k¾minRtÚv

Rbkbvcn³[eXøógXøat . sUm,Ikñ úgBaküfa narieya ¬BYkeTBnarI¦

enH Kb,InaMBakümkfa Glgáta ¬Rbdab;y:agl¥¦ mkP¢ab;pg . kñúg

Baküfa eTvbutþa ¬BYkeTvbutþ¦ enH sMEdgfa )anlub c GkSr

ecj . KYreRbIfa narieya eTvbutþa c dUecñH .

Baküfa emaTnþi ¬r Ikray¦ )andl; rEmgrIkray . Baküfa

bUCay ¬edIm,IbeRmI¦ )andl; edIm,IbUCa b¤CaeRKÓgsMKal;énkar

bUCa . RbkbesckþIfa raMeRcóg . Baküfa tvimani kat;bTCa

tv \mani ¬rbs;nagTaMgenH¦ .


Baküfa sBVkamsmiT§inI ¬EdlseRmcedayesckþIR)afñaRKb;

y:ag¦ )andl; seRmcedaykamKuN 5 TaMgGs; b¤edayvtßúEdl

elakR)afñaehIy R)afñaehIyTaMgGs; . Baküfa GPiCata ¬ekIt

l¥CagedIm¦ )andl; ekItl¥ehIy . Baküfa mhnþasi ¬CaGñk>>>

FM¦ )andl; nagCaFM KW manGanuPaBeRcIn . Baküfa eTvkaey

bemaTsi ¬rIkrayenAkñ úgBYkeTvta¦ )andl; nagrEmgrIkrayeday

esckþIrIkrayy:agéRkElg EdlCaehtu[)ansm,tþiTiBVkñ úgBYkeTvta

enH .

eTBFItaenaH RtÚvRBHmhaemaKÁløansYry:agenHehIy )antb

esckþIenaHdUecñH

kñ úgCatimun kalekItCamnusSkñ úgBYkmnusS

kñúgmnusSelak ´)anCakUnRbsarkñúgRtkUlrbs;

mnusSRTúsþsIl kñúgBYkGñkminmansT§a manesckþI

kMNaj; .

´dl;RBmedaysT§a nigsIl eRtkGrkñ úg


karEckTansBVkal ´)anRbeKnnMdl;elakEdl

kMBugRtac;biNÐ)at .

éTIbR)ab;dl;mþayekµkfa smN³mkdl;

TIenHehIy¬1¦ ´RCHføa)anRbeKnnMdl;elakenaHeday

édTaMg 2 rbs;xø ÜnÉg .

mataekµkenaH)anRbeTcpþasa´dUecñHfa nag

falM)akRbedAlM)ak eFV IGV IeTIbminsYrĆamun eTIb

fVayTandl;smN³hñ+ eRBaHkarfVaynMenaH mþay

ekµkeTIbeRkaF ykGERgvay´RtÚvRtg;cgá Üysµa´

´minGacmanCIv itrs;enA)anyUr .

eRBaHragkayEbkFøay éTIbputcakTukç cuti

cakmnusSelak ehIycUldl;PaBCaBYkCamYynwg

BYkeTvtaCan;tavtwgS .

1¦ Baküfa kñúgCatimun/ kñúgmnusSelak/ eRtkGrkñúgkarEckTan/ R)ab;dl;mþayekµkfa smN³mkdl;TIenHehIy minmankñúg)alIvimanvtßúeT . mYyeTot Rtg;enH esckþIén)alI nigGdækfa epSgKñatictYc .




RKb;y:agKYrCaTIeBjcitþ eTIbekItdl;´ .




nigvNÑ³rbs;´ eTIbPø Wc,as;eTAsBVTis .

kñúgbNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa GsSeT§su ¬minmansT§a¦ man

esckþIRbkbfa ´mansT§a CaGñkdl;RBmedaysIl kñúgBBYkCn

manmþayekµkCaedIm GñkminmansT§a eRBaHminmankareCOkñúgRBHrtn-

Rt½y nigkareCOkmµ nigplrbs;kmµ manesckþIk MNaj; eRBaHCa

Gñkmanmcäriy³xøa Mg .

Baküfa GbUv M ERbfa nM . Baküfa et RtwmEtCani)at .

GFib,ayfa ´R)ab;dl;mþayekµkedIm,I[dwgfa yknMmk nigedIm,I

[GnuemaTna .


Baküfa GsSa kñúgBaküfa \tisSa enH RtwmEtCani)at .

Baküfa smNsS TTamhM ¬nwgfVayTandl;smN³¦ )andl;

´nwgfVaynMdl;smN³ . manesckþIRbkbfa mþayekµkbriPasfa

eRBaHnagmineCOminsþab;Gj dUecñaH nageTIbCa®sþIEdlnrNaTUnµan

min)an .

Baküfa bhasi ¬sMBg¦ eFV IGaRkk;ehIy . Baküfa kUdM

kñ úgBaküfa kUdgÁcäi GvFi mM¬1¦ enH elakehA cgáÜysµafa kUdgÁ³

eRBaHCaGvyv³ KW cMENksµaenaHÉg edaylubbTedImecj .

eQµaHfa kUdgÁcä i ¬sMBgRtg;cgá Üysµa¦ eRBaHTmøayRtg;cgá Üysµa

enaH . mþayekµkeRkaFxøaMgy:agenH eTIbvay´ KW sMBgedayGERg

Rtg;cgáÜysµarbs;´ . GFib,ayfa mþayekµksmøab;´rhUtsøab;

edayesckþIBüayamenaH . edayehtuenaH eTBFItaeTIbeBalfa

minGacmanCIv itrs;enAyUr)an .

Baküfa vib,mutþa ¬eTIbrYccakTukç¦ )andl; putedayl¥cak

1¦ bidk = kudgÁBa ä i GvFi mM .


TukçenaH . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ]Larviman 1

3


Gdðkza ócäúvimanTI 2

{vimanrbs;®sþIGñkfVayGMeBA}

[30] ]cäúTayikavimanmanBaküepþ Imfa »PasyitVa bzvw

seTvkM ¬EneTBFIta nagrugerOgéRkElgTUTaMgEpndIrYmTaMgeTvelak¦ .

]cäúTayikavimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa ?

BaküTaMgGs;manCaGaT×fa {RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgRkúg

raCRKwH} dUcKñaEdl)aneBalmkehIy kñúgvimanTI 1 enaHÉg . Et

kñúgTIenH pÞúyKñaRtg;nagfVayGMeBA RtÚvmþayekµkvayedaytaMg søab;

kñúgxN³enaHrMeBc ehIyeTAekItkñ úgsYK’Can;tavtwgS kñúgyb;enaHÉg

nagmkkan;TIenArbs;RBHefr³ beBa©jrsµIrugerOg dUcRBHc®nÞ nigRBH

GaTitü júaMgPñ MKiCÄkUd[PøWT UeTA sMBHRBHefr³ehIy QrpÁgGBa¢lI

enAkñ úgTImYy . lMdab;enaH RBHefr³sYrnagedayKafaTaMgenHfa

EneTBFIta nagrugerOgTUTaMgEpndIrYmTaMgeT-

velak dUcCaRBHc®nÞ nigRBHGaTitü edaysirI vNÑ³

ys nigetCH dUcRBhµ rugerOgCageTvtaBYkéRtTs

-305- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ ]cäúv imansURtTI 2

eTvelakRBmTaMgRBH\nÞ .

GatµasUmsYrnagGñkRTRTg;kRmgpáa]b,l Gñk

mankRmgpáaRbdab;sIrS³ manBN’sm,úrPø WepøkdUc

mas Rbdab;tak;Etgy:agl¥s¥at esøókdNþb;sMBt;

y:agl¥ EneTBFItaGñkRbkbedayrUbeqam nagCa

nrNamksMBHGatµa .

kalmun nagkalekItCamnusSkñ úgCatimun

)aneFVIkmµGV IT ukedayxøÜnÉg )anRbRBwtþ [Tan b¤

sRgÜmkñúgsIly:agNa eTIbnag)ancUldl;suKti

manys eRBaHkmµGV I? EneTBFIta GatµasYrehIy

cUrR)ab;fa enHCaplénkmµGV I?

kñ úgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa »PasyitVa bzvw seTvkM ¬nag

rugerOgERkElg>>> TUTaMgEpndIrYmTaMgeTvelak¦ esckþIfa júaMgRbwfBI

enHEdlCaPUmiPaKCaTItP¢ab; EdleQµaHfa rYmTaMgeTvelak eRBaH

Gtßfa RbRBwtþeTACamYyeTvelak KW RBmCamYyGakaseTvelak [

-3 06- brmtßTIbnI Gdækfa xuTÞknikay vimanvtßú

rugerOg eRBaHPøWedayrsµIEdlpSayecjGMBIxagPñMsienru layCamYy

rsµIRBHc®nÞ nigRBHGaTitü . GFib,ayfa eFV I[manBnøWd UcKñaEtmYy

KW [manesckþIr ugerOgdUcKña . RbkbesckþIfa dUcRBHc®nÞ nig

RBHGaTitüjúaMgEpndI[PøWc,as; . Baküfa Gtieracsi ¬rugerOg¦ )an

dl; rugerOgéRkElg . k¾esckþIr ugerOgéRkElg maneRBaHGVI? dUc

GVI? b¤eRBaHGVI? dUecñaH RBHefr³eTIbeBalBaküCaedImfa edaysirI .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa siriya ¬edaysirI¦ )andl; edayesckþI

viess manesckþIs¥atd¾elIsCaedIm . Baküfa etCsa ¬etCH¦

)andl; edayGanuPaBrbs;xø Ün . Baküfa GaevLinI ¬kRmgpáa

Rbdab;sIrS³¦ )andl; kRmgpáaeFVIedayEkv .

RBHefr³sYry:agenHehIy eTBFItaeTIbeqøi IyedayKafaTaMgenH

fa

bBiRtelakm©as;d¾ceRmIn Gm,aj;mij RBH

efr³mYyrUb )ancUlmkkan;pÞH´edIm,IbiNÐ)at kñúg

pÞHenHÉg bnÞab;BIenaH ´mancitþRCHføa manbItid ¾

-307- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ ]cä úv imansURtTI 2

xøaMgbMputrkvtßúNamYymkeRbóbBMu)an eTIb)anRbeKn

GMeBAmYykMNat;dl;elak

CaxageRkay mþayekµk)ansYredjedal´

fa kMNat;GMeBA)at;eTANa eTIbtbfa kMNat;GMeBA

enaH´min)aneecal TaMgmin)anTTYlTan Et´)an

RbeKndl;Pikç úGñkmancitþrm¶ab; .

rMeBcenaH mþayekµk)anbriPas´fa nagCaFM

b¤eyIgCaFM faehIy k¾Rsvacab;taMgRKEvg´ ´søab;

GMBImnusSelakenaHehIy eTIbmkekItCaeTBFIta .

´)aneFV Ik uslkmµTukb: ueNÑH eRBaHkmµenaH

Caehtu ´eTIbmkesaykmµEdlCasuxedayxøÜnÉg

)anTTYlkarbeRmI rIkrayehIyedaybBa©kamKuN

rYmCamYyBYkeTvta

mü:ageTot ´)aneFV Ik uslkmµTukRtwmb: ueNÑH

eRBaHkmµenaHCaehtu ´eTIbmkesaykmµEdlCaesckþI


suxedayxøÜnÉg CaGñkEdlesþcská³RTg;rkSaehIy

CaGñkEdleTvtazanéRtTsrkSa CaGñkRBmeTAeday

bBa©kamKuN .

plbuNüenHminEmntic karRbeKnkMNat;

GMeBArbs;´ manpld¾éRkElg éTIb)anTTYlkar

beRmI rIkrayehIyedaybBa©kamKuNrYmCamYyBYk

eTvta

plbuNüenHminEmntic karRbeKnkMNat;

GMeBArbs;´ manplrugerOgeRcIn ĆaGñkEdlesþc

ská³RTg;XuMRKgehIy CaGñkEdleTvtazanéRtTs

rkSa dUcCaesþcshsSenRtkñúgnnÞnv½n dUecñaH .

bBiRtelakm©as;d¾ceRmIn ćUlmknmsáar

elakm©as;GñkmanesckþIGnueRKaH manbBaØadwgc,as;

nwgsYrdl;karminmaneraK RKaenaH ´mancitþRCHføa

manbItid¾xøa Mgnwgrkvtß úGV IeRbóbBMu)an eTIb)anRbeKn

-309- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ ]cäúv imansURtTI 2

kMNat;GMeBAdl;elakm©as; .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa \Tani ¬\LÚvenH¦ )andl; eTBFIta

eBaleRBaH ¬kan;yk¦ Caéf¶EdlknøgeTA . GFib,ayfa minyUr .

Baküfa \memv KamM ¬kñ úgpÞHenHÉg¦ )andl; kñ úgpÞHenHenaHÉg .

eTvtaeBalsMedAdl;RkúgraCRKwH . dUcEdlelakeBalTukfa Rsúk

kþI niKmkþI RkúgkþI elakehAfa pÞH TaMgGs; . mYyeTot BaküenH

CaTutiyaviPtþieRbIkñúgGtßénstþmIviPtþi . Baküfa ])aKmi ¬cUlmk¦

)andl; cUleTAehIy . Baküfa Gtulay ¬xøa MgbMputEdlrkvtßú

GV ImkeRbóbmin)an¦ )andl; minmanGVIeRbób b¤minmanRbmaN .

Baküfa Gvakir i i ¬v inaseTA¦ )andl; naMecjeTA KW lHbg;

b¤eFVI[vinas . Baküfa snþtsS ¬Gñks¶b;rm¶ab;¦ )andl; CaGñk

sRgÜml¥ mankielss¶b; b¤mindl;esckþIekþARkhay .

nu sBÞ kñ úgBaküfa tuyðM nu Cani)at cuHkñ úgGtßbgðajdl;

karminmantYxøÜn . nu sBÞenaH Kb,InaMmkRbkbkñúgBaküfa mm

Ca mm nu dUecñH . Baküfa \TM \sSriyM ¬CaFM¦ mþayekµkeBal


sMedAdl;PaBCaFMkñ úgpÞH . Baküfa teta cuta ¬søab;GMBImnusS-

elakehIy¦ )andl; cutiGMBImnusSelakenaH . eRBaHsUm,IeTAGMBI

TIQrehIy k¾ehAfa cuti )an dUecñaH edIm,I[epSgGMBIcuti elakeTIb

eBalfa kalkta ¬søab;¦ ¬TukeTot¦ . mYyeTot sUm,Isøab;ehIy

k¾mineTAekItkñ úgTIdéTNa kaleTBFItanwgsMEdgfa ´cUldl;PaB

CaeTvFItaenaH eTIbeBalfa Gmði eTvta ¬eTIbmkekItCaeTBFIta¦ .

Baküfa teTv kmµM kuslM ktM mya ¬´)aneFVIk uslkmµ

Tukbu:eNÑaH¦ esckþIfa ´eFVIkmµCakuslRtwmEtfVaykMNat;GMeBAenaH

bu :eNÑaH . GFib,ayfa ´rBJky:agdéTmin)an . Baküfa suxBa©

kmµM ¬kmµEdlCasux¦ )andl; plrbs;kmµEdlCaesckþIsux .

BitehIy kñúgTIenH elakeBalplrbs;kmµfa kmµM edaykarlub

bTeRkay b¤edaykarsMedAykehtu dUckñ úgRbeyaKmanCaedImfa

{kuslanM Pikçev FmµanM smaTanehtu ÉvmiTM buBaØM bvDÆti ¬mñal

Pikç úTa MgLay buNüenHrEmgceRmIny:agenH eRBaHehtuénkarsma-

TanFm’Cakusl¦} . nigkñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {GnuePami skM buBaØ M

-311- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ ]cä úv imansURtTI 2

¬´m©as;esaybuNürbs;xøÜn¦} . mü:ageTot Baküfa kmµM CaTutiya-

viPtþieRbIkñúgGtßénttiyaviPtþi . esckþIfa kemµn ERbfa edaykmµ .

mü:ageTot kmµEdlRbRBwtþeTAtamkareFVI eQµaHfa yfakmµ . mü:ag

eTot eQµaHfa kmµ eRBaHEdlbuKÁlKb,IR)afña . k¾kmµenaH Rbkb

edaykam eRBaHCab;enAkñ úgesckþIsux EdlbuKÁlKb,IR)afña eTIb

eQµaHfa kmnIy ¬eRBaHKYrR)afña¦ . Baküfa Gtþna ¬edayxøÜnÉg¦

)andl; edayxøÜnÉgEtmü:ag . GFib,ayfa edayxøÜnÉgedayPaB

Ca\sSr³ eRBaHxø ÜnÉgmanGMNac . kñúgKafamun BaküEdleRbI

Gtþna [pøas;Ca Gtþan M edaypøas;viPtþ i eTACa bricaryamhM

GtþanM .

Baküfa eTvinÞKutþa ¬CaGñkEdlesþcská³RTg;RKb;RKgehIy¦

)andl; esþcskácmeTBCaGñkXuMRKg b¤XuMRKgdUccmeTB eRBaHman

brivareRcIn . Baküfa smb,ita ¬eTIbCaGñkRBmeRBóg¦ )andl;

Eq¥tsáb;sál;edayl¥ KW dl;RBmedayl¥ . Baküfa mhavi)aka

¬manpld¾FMéRkElg¦ )andl; manplFMTUlay . Baküfa mha-


Cutika ¬manplrugerOgeRcIn¦ )andl; manetCHeRcIn manGanuPaB

eRcIn .

Baküfa tuvM esµInwg tM ¬Edlelak¦ Baküfa Gnukm,kM ¬Gñk

manesckþIGnueRKaH¦ KW manesckþIkruNa . Baküfa viTuM ¬dwgc,as;¦

)andl; KW manbBaØa GFib,ayfa dl;TIbMputénsavk)armI . Bakü

fa ]ebc© ¬cUlmk¦ )andl; cUleTArk . Baküfa vnÞw ¬nmsáar¦

)andl; RkabnmsáaredaybBa©gÁRbtisßan . Baküfa kuslBa©

¬kusl¦ )andl; esckþImineraK . Baküfa bucäisM ¬sYrdl;¦ )an

dl; )ansYrehIy GFib,ayfa ´rBJkdl;kuslenHedaybItiEdl

føwgmin)an . Baküd¾ess mann½ydUceBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ]cä úTayikavimanTI 2

3

-313- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ bløgáv imansURtTI 3

Gdðkza bløg,vimanTI 3

{blø½gávimanrbs;eTBFIta}

[31] bløgávimanmanBaküepþ Imfa bløgáesedæ mNiesa-

vNÑcietþ ¬EneTvIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn nag>>> enAelITIedkFM Edl

Cablø½gád¾RbesIr¦ . blø½gáv imanenaHekIteLIg y:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñúgvtþeCtBnmhavihar Garamrbs;

GnafbiNÐikesdæI CitRkúgsavtß I . k¾sm½yenaH FItarbs;])ask

mñak;kñúgRkúgsavtßI matabitaelIk[kulbuRtmñak;kñ úgRkúgsavtß IenaH

Ég EdlCaGñkesµIKñaedayRtkUl nigRbeTsCaedIm . FItaenaHCa

RsImineRkaF dl;RBmedaysIl nigmaryaT mansVamIdUceTvta

smaTansIl 5 nigkñúgéf¶]e)asf rkSa]e)asfsIledayeKarB .

tmk nagsøab;ehIyeTAekItkñúgsYK’Can;tavtwgS . RBHmhaemaKÁløan

carikeTA dUc)aneBalmkGMBImunehIy sYreTBFItaenaHfa

EneTvIGñkmanGanuPaBeRcIn nagsMEdgbJT§i

epSg² )aneRcInEbb enAelITIedkFM EdlCablø½gá


d¾RbesI viciRtedayEkvmNI nigmas edrdaseday

páa .

mYyeTot CMuv ijxøÜnnag BYkeTBGbSrTaMgenH

raM eRcóg [nagrIkrayehIy EneTBFItaGñkman

GanuPaBeRcIn kalnagekItCamnusS )aneFV IbuNü

GVIi nageTIbmaneTBbJT§i eRBaHbuNüGVIeTIbCaGñkman

GanuPaBrugerOg TaMgsm,úrrbs;nagk¾PøWc,as;sBVTis

y:agenH .

eTBFItaenaH k¾)antbedayKafaTaMgLayenHfa

´kalekItCamnusS kñúgBBYkmnusS CakUn

RbsarkñúgRtkUlsþúksþmÖmYy ´CaGñkmineRkaF enA

kñ úgGMNacrbs;bþ I minRbmaTkñ úgéf¶]e)asf .

´kalekItCamnusSenAekµg CaGñkminRbRBwtþ

GaRkk; mancitþRCHføa )aneFV IsVamI[eR)asR)aN

)anRbRBwtþxø Ün[CaTIeBjcitþrbs;sVamI TaMgéf¶ nig


yb; .

Catimun´Ca®sþImansIl CaGñkbMeBjkñúgsikça-

bTTaMgLayy:agRKb;sBV KW evorcakkarsmøab;stV

minRbRBwtþlYc mankargarpø ÚvkaybrisuT§ RbRBwtþ

RBhµcriy³d¾s¥at mineBalBakükuhk nigevorcak

karpwkTwkRsvwg .

´mancitþRCHføa RbRBwtþtamFm’ mancitþeRtkGr

)anrkSa]e)asfRbkbedayGgÁ 8 Gs;éf¶TI 14 TI

15 nigéf¶TI 8 énbkç nigGs;)adihariybkç .

´luHsmaTankuslFm’ EdlRbkbedayGgÁ

8 Rbkard¾RbesIr EdlCaGriy³ manesckþIsuxCa

kéRmehIy CaGñkRbRBwtþtamGMNacrbs;sVamIy:ag

l¥ Catimun ´)anCasavikarbs;RBHsuKt .

luH)aneFV Ik uslkmµdUecñH kñ úgxN³EdlenA

manCIv itkñ úgmnusSelakehIy CaGñkmancMENkén


PBd¾viess eBlGs;CIv itehIy eTIbCaGñkman

eTBbJT§ ik ñ úgGPism,rayPB mkkan;sYK’ .

´ecameramedayBYknageTBGbSr kñúgviman

manR)asaTd¾RbesIr KYrmenarmü BYkeTvbuRt nig

BYkeTBFItaEdlmanBnøWxøÜnÉg naMKñamkrIkrayCamYy

nwg´EdlmanGayuEvg Gñkmkkan;eTBviman .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa bløgáesedæ ¬blø½gád¾RbesIr¦ )an

dl; blø½gád¾kMBUl KW blø½gád¾x<g;x<s; edIm,IsMEdgdl;TIedkenaH

RbesIrbMput elakeTIbeBalfa mNiesavNÑcietþ ¬viciRtedayEkv

mNI nigmas¦ . elIblø½gád¾RbesIrEdlCaTIKYredk Edlelak

eBalfa ttß ¬enaH¦ nig syen ¬elITIedk¦ EdlviciRtedayEkv

mNId¾rugerOg edaybNþajrsµIEkveRcIny:ag nigviciRtedaymas .

Baküfa et ¬xøÜnnag¦ KW edayCuMvijxøÜnnag . KYrpøas;viPtþi

Ca tM ¬nUvnag¦ eRBaHsmøwgdl;Baküfa bemaTynþi ¬[nagrIkray¦ .

mü:ageTot Baküfa bemaTynþi ¬[nagrIkray¦ )andl; eFV IesckþI


rIkray GFib,ayfa júaMgesckþIrIkray[ekIteLIgdl;nag .

bTfa Thra G)abika¬1¦ ¬enAekµg CaGñkminRbRBwtþGaRkk;¦

)andl; sUm,IenAekµgk¾CaGñkminRbEhs . )az³Ca Thrasu )abika

dUecñHk¾man . esckþId UcKña ¬KWmink,t;citþsVamI¦ . GacarüBYkxøH

eBalfa ThrsSa )abika dUecñH . )andl; mink,t;citþsVamI .

GFib,ayfa Ca®sþIl¥mankarRbNib½tn_edayeKarB nigedaykarmin

RbRBwtþk,t;citþ . eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIbeBalfa bsnñcitþa

¬manTwkcitþbrisuT§¦ . Baküfa ¬GPiraFyw ¬eFV I[bþIeR)asR)aN¦

)andl; [eRtkGr . Baküfa retþa esµInwg rtþ iyM ¬eBlyb;¦ .

Baküfa Gecarika¬2¦ ¬minRbRBwtþlYc¦ )andl; evorcakkarlYc

RTBü . GFib,ayfa evorcakkarkan;ykrbs;Edlm©as;eKmin[ .

)az³fa virta c ecariya dUecñHk¾man . GFib,ayfa evorcakPaB

Caecar . Baküfa sMsuT§kaya ¬mankargarpø ÚvkaybrisuT§¦ )an

dl; mankaybrisuT§edayl¥ eRBaHeFVIkargarpøÚvkaybrisuT§ . tGMBI

bidk 1¦ Thra G)avika/ 2¦ Gaecariya .


enaH CaGñk suciRBhµcarinI ¬RbRBwtþRBhµcriyd¾s¥at¦ eRBaHminRbRBwtþ

xusRBhµcriy³kñ úgGñkdéTeRkAGMBIsVamI . smdUcEdleBalTukfa

BYkeyIgmink,t;citþPriya sUm,IPriyak¾min

k,t;citþBYkeyIg BYkeyIgRbRBwtþRBhµcriy³ evorcak

PriyaTaMgenaH eRBaHdUecñaHÉg BYkeyIgeTIbminsøab;

BIekµgkMelaHRkmMu .

mü:ageTot Baküfa suRBhµcarinI ¬RbRBwtþRBhµcriy³d¾s¥at¦

)andl; CaGñkRbRBwtþRBhµcriy³d¾s¥at edayGMNacén]e)asfd¾

s¥at brisuT§ RbesIr RbesIrTIbMput b¤RBhµcarüEdlCacMENkxag

edIm EdlsmKYrdl;mKÁRBhµcarü .

Baküfa GnuFmµcar in I ¬RbRBwtþtamFm’¦ )andl; manRbRktI

RbRBwtþFm’smKYrdl;Fm’rbs;RBHGriy³TaMgLay . RbkbesckþIfa

´rkSa]e)asf dUcEdleBalmkehIytamlMdab;enH EdlCaGriy³

eRBaHminmaneTas b¤EdlRbkbedayGgÁ 8 Rbkard¾RbesIr eRBaH

CaGriy³edayGgÁ 8 d¾RbesIr KW GgÁdUcEdl)aneBalehIy 8


RbkarEdlCakusl eRBaHGtßfa minesAhµg nigeRBaHGtßfa min

maneTas EdlmanesckþIsuxCakéRm eRBaHmansuxCavi)ak nig

eRBaHmansuxCaGanisgS .

Baküfa viessPaKInI ¬CaGñkmancMENkénPBd¾viess¦ )an

dl; CaGñkmancMENkénPBsm,tþid¾viess KW CaTiBV . Baküfa

suKtimð i GaKta ¬mkkan;sYK’¦ )andl; mk KW cUldl;sYK’ b¤

mkkñúgsuKtisYK’ KW TiBVsm,tþi . )az³fa suKtw hi GaKta dUecñH

k¾man . Baküfa hi kñ úgBaküenaH RtwmEtCani)at b¤manesckþICa

ehtu . RbkbesckþIfa eRBaHmkkan;suKti dUecñaH eTIbCaGñkman

cMENkénPBviess .

Baküfa viman)asaTver ¬kñúgvimanmanR)asaTd¾RbesIr¦ )an

dl; kñúgR)asaTEdlx<g;x<s;kñúgvimanTaMgLay b¤kñúgR)asaTd¾RbesIr

eBalKW viman b¤´ EdlBYknageTBGbSrecameramehIy kñúgvimanEdl

CaR)asaTRbesIr EdlFMrkRbmaNmin)an KNnamin)an manrsµI

kñ úgxø ÜnKYreRtkGr . mü:ageTot KYrnaMBaküfa Gmði mkRbkbpg .


Baküfa TIXayukw ¬GñkmanGayuEvg¦ RbkbesckþIfa BYkeTvtanaM

KñaeRtkGrCamYy´ GñkmanGayuEvg eRBaHmanGayuEvgCagBYkeTvta

Can;Tab nigeRBaHmanGayuminticCagBYkeTvtaEdlekItkñúgvimanenaH

Gñkmk KW cUldl;eTvvimantamEdleBalehIy . Baküd¾ess

mann½ydUceBalehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa bløgáv imanTI 3

3

-321- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ ltavimansURtTI 4

Gdðkza ltavimanTI 4

{vimanrbs;®sþIeQµaHlta}

[32] ltavimanmanBaküepþImfa lta c sC¢a bvra c

eTvta ¬ltaeTBFIta 1 sC¢aeTBFIta 1 bvraeTBFIta 1¦ . lta-

vimanenaH ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHd¾manRBHPaK Rbfab;enAkñ úgeCtBnmhavihar Garamrbs;

GnafbiNÐikesdæI CitRkúgsavtßI . k¾sm½yenaH FItarbs;])asika

mñak;GñkRkúgsavtß I eQµaHfa lta CabNÐit Qøasév manbBaØa

eTAkan;RtkUlsVamI RbRBwtþxø ÜnCaTIeBjcitþrbs;sVamI nigmþayekµk

«Bukekµk eBalBaküKYrCaTIRsLaj; Qøaskñúgkars®gÁaHbrivarCn

Gaccat;EcgRTBüsm,tþikñ úgpÞH)anerobry minCaGñkeRkaF dl;RBm

edaysIl nigmaryaT eRtkGrkñúgkar[Tan kan;sIl 5 mindac;

)anCa®sþIminRbmaTkñ úgkarrkSa]e)asf .

luHtmk nagsøab;ehIy eTAekItCaFItarbs;esþcevsSv½N

mharaC maneQµaHfa lta dUcedIm . ltaeTvFItamanb¥ÚnRsI 4


nak;eTot KW sC¢aeTBFIta bvraeTBFIta GcäimutIeTBFIta nigsuta-

eTBFIta . skáeTvraCnaMnagTaMg 5 enaHmktaMgTukkñ úgzan³CaRsI

beRmI eday[Ca®sþIr)aM . EtltaeTBFIta )anCaTIeR)asR)aN

rbs;esþcská³eRcIn eRBaHnagQøaskñúgkarraMeRcog .

kaleTBFItaTaMgenaH mkGgÁúyenArYmKñay:agmanesckþIsux

ekItkarCECkKñaTak;TgnwgsmtßPaBkñúgkarsgÁIt³ . nagTaMgGs;

eTIbeTAKal;esþcevsSv½NmharaC sYrfa {elak«Buk bNþakUn²

nrNaQøasévkñúgkarraMeRcógCaedIm«Buk?} esþcevsSv½NmharaC

Rtas;y:agenHfa {kUn² cUreTARtg;mat;RsHGenattþ³ kUn² elg

sgÁIt³kñ úgeTvsmaKmcuH enATIenaHnwgR)akdesckþIviessrbs;BYk

kUn} . nagTaMgenaH)aneFV ItamRtg;eTvsmaKmenaH . kallta-

eTBFItaraM BYkeTvbutþminGacnwgtaMgenAedaysPaBrbs;xø Ün)an .

BYkeTvbutþnaMKñasresIr nwgkarminFøab;manesckþIGs©arümkGMBImun

mk naMKña[saFukarmindac; ERskeh‘aedayesckþIeBjcitþ ykpÞaMg

sMBt;bk;eTAmk )anekItekalahld¾FM dUceFV IéRBhimBanþ[keRmIk


jab;j½r . k¾kalnageRkAGMBIenaHraM BYkeTvbutþGgÁúyesøómdUcstV

taevAkñúgrdUvrga . esckþIviessrbs;ltaeTBFIta )anR)akdkñúg

karraMeRcógenaH edayRbkardUecñH .

bNþaeTBFItaTaMgenaH esckþIsgS½y)anekIteLIgdl;suta-

eTBFItafa bgRsIenHeFV IkmµGV ITukhñ+ eTIbdUcBYkeyIgTaMgvNÑ³ nig

ys ebIdUecñH eyIgnwgsYrdl;kmµEdlbgRsIeFVITuk . sutaeTBFIta

eTIb)ansYrltaeTBFIta . sUm,IltaeTBFIta k¾)aneqøIy[suta-

eTBFItaRCab .

esþcevsSv½NmharaC)anR)ab;esckþITaMgGs;enH dl;RBHmha

emaKÁløanetßr³EdlRtac;carikeTAkan;eTvelak . RBHefr³kalnwg

RkabTUlesckþIenaHcMeBaHRBHd¾manRBHPaK . taMgGMBImUlehtuén

BaküsYr eTIbRkabTUlfa

BaküsYrrbs;nagsutaeTBFItafa

ltaeTBFIta 1 sC¢aeTBFIta 1 bvraeTB-

FIta 1 GcäimutieTBFIta 1 sutaeTBFIta 1 CaGñk


manesckþIr ugerOg manbBaØa s¥atedayKuNFm’

CaFItarbs;esþcevsSv½NmharaC KW Ca®sþIbeRmI

rbs;skáeTvraCRTg;RbesIr nigmansir I .

eTBFIta 5 GgÁ )annaMKñaeTAkan;sÞwgEdl

hUrmkGMBIRsHGenattþ³ EdlmanTwkRtCak; manpáa

]b,l KYrmenarmü kñ úgéRBhimBanþ edIm,IgUt RKa

gUtTwkkñúgsÞwgenaHehIy k¾)annaMKñaraMeRcóg rIkray

sb,ay nagsutaeTBFIta )ansYrnagltaeTBFIta

fa

bBiRtm©as;bgGñkRTRTg;páa]b,l Gñkman

páakRmgRbdab;sirS³ manBN’sm,úrPøWepøkdUcmas

manEPñkBN’dUcTwketñat manGvyv³RKb;cMENkl¥

pUrpg; dUcCaépÞGakasEdlputcakBBk manGayu

Evg b¥ÚnsUmsYrm©as;bg eRBaHeFV IbuNüGVIT uk bg

eTIbmanyseRcIn


eRBaHeFVIbuNüGVIT uk m©as;bgeTIbCaTIeR)as

R)aNrbs;RBHsVamI bgl¥eqItqayedayrUb TaMg

Qøaskñúgkarra M eRcóg RbKM rhUtBYkeTvbutþ nig

eTBFItasaksYrCaerOy² sUmm©as;bgR)ab;dl;´

pgcuH .

ltaeTBFItatbfa

kalbgenACamnusS kñúgBYkmnusS CakUn

RbsakñúgRtkUlmansm,tþieRcIn bgCaGñkmineRcIn

edayesckþIeRkaF enAkñ úgGMNacrbs;sVamI min

RbmaTkñúgéf¶]e)asf

bgkalenACamnusS enAekµg CaGñkminRbRBwtþ

GaRkk; mancitþRCHføa eFV I[sVamIeR)asR)aN )an

eFV Ix ø Ün[CaTIeR)asR)aNrbs;sVamI RBmTaMgjati

xagsVamI nigmatabitarbs;sVamI rhUtdl;GñkbeRmI

RbúsRsI eRBaHkuslkmµEdleFVIkñ úgRKaCakUnRbsa


enaH eTIbeFV I[bg)anys

eRBaHkuslkmµenaH bgeTIb)andl;PaBCa

GñkviessCageTBFItadéT edayzan³ 4 KW Gayu

vNÑ³ sux³ Bl³ )anesayesckþIr IkrayminEmn

tic .

kalsutaeTBFIta)ansþab;dUecñHehIy eTIb)aneBalnwgm©as;

bgTaMg 3 nak;fa

m©as;bgTaMg 3 )ansþab;BaküEdlm©as;bg

ltaniyayehIyb¤ ´TUlsYrdl;erOgEdlBYkeyIg

sgS½yehIy m©as;bgltak¾eBaledaHRsay)an

minxus )anB¤fa sVamICaTIBwg ¬Kti¦ EdlsøÚtRtg;

sRmab;eyIgCaRsI eFVI[RsITaMgenaH nignarITaMgLay

CaeTvtad¾RbesIr sUm[eyIgTaMgLay Kb,IRbRBwtþ

Fm’kñúgsVamITaMgLay eyIgTaMgLayKb,IRbRBwtþkñúg

sVamIdUc®sþIEdll¥RbRBwtþekatERkgsVamIdUecñaH luH


eyIgTaMgLayRbRBwtþFm’kñ úgsVamI k¾nwg)ansm,tþi

dUcm©as;bgltaeBal

esþcraCsIh_sBa©reTAtamdgéRB CiteCIgPñM

GaRs½yesþcPñM ehIyk¾Rtac;s®gÁúbcab;stVeCIg 4

FMtUcRKb;RbePT suICaGahar y:agNa

®sþIGñkmansT§a CaGriysavikakñ úgsasna

enH k¾y:agenaH kalGaRs½ysVamIehIy KYrRbRBwtþ

ekatERkgsVamI smøab;esckþIeRkaFecj km©at;

esckþIk MNaj;ecj)an CaGñkRbRBwtþFm’ eTIb)an

sb,ayrIkraykñúgsYK’ .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa lta c sC¢a bvra GcäimutI suta

CaeQµaHrbs;eTvFItaTaMgenaH . c sBÞ CasBÞrYmesckþI . Bakü

fa raCvrsS ¬eTvraCd¾RbesIr¦ )andl; esþceTvraCaGñkRbesIr

KW RbesIrbMputCagmharaC 4 GgÁ . GFib,ayfa Cabricarikarbs;

esþcská³ . Baküfa reBaØa esµInwg mharaCsS )andl; mha-


raCa . eRBaHehtuenaH elakeTIbeBalfa evsSvNsS FIta

¬FItarbs;esþcevsSv½N¦ . Baküfa FIta enH RbkbEckEtmñak;²

b¤mü:ageTot BaküenHeRbIvcn³xus EdlRtÚvKYrCa FItera ¬FItaTaMg

Lay¦ . eQµaHfa raCI eRBaHrugerOg KW rugeracn_ . nagEdleK

dwgTUeTAfa manesckþIr ugerOg rugeracn_ eTIbeQµaHfa raCimtI ¬eK

dwgfamanesckþIr ugerOg¦1 . Baküfa raCI enH Caviessn³rbs;

eTBnarITaMgGs;enaH . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa BaküenHCaeQµaHrbs;

eTBFItaenaH . tammtirbs;GacarüBYkTaMgenaH Baküfa bvra Ca

viessn³rbs;eTBnarITaMgGs; . bTfa FmµKueNhi ¬edayKuN-

Fm’¦ )andl; KuNEdlRbkbedayFm’ KW minR)ascakFm’ GFi-

b,ayfa edayKuNtamesckþIBit . Baküfa esaPita ¬s¥at¦

)andl; rugerOg .

bTfa beBa©tß narieya ¬eTBnarI 5 GgÁ kñúgéRBhimvnþ¦ )an

dl; eTBFItamaneQµaHtamEdleBalehIy 5 GgÁ kñúghimvnþRbeTs

1¦ BaküenHkñúgKafaEckCa 2 Bakü KW raCI mtI = GñkmanesckþIrugerOg manbBaØa .


enH . bTfa sIetaTkM ]b,linw sivM nTw ¬sÞwgmanTwkRtCak; man

páa]b,l KYrrIkray¦ elakeBalsMedAdl;mat;TwkEdlhUrmkGMBIRsH

Genattþ³ . Baküfa nc©it Va KayitVa ¬ra MeRcóg¦ elakeBaleday

GMNackarraMeRcóg EdleTBFItaTaMgenaHeFVIkñúgeTvsmaKm tamBakü

R)ab;rbs;esþcevsSv½NCabita . Baküfa sutaltM RBvi ¬suta-

eTBFIta)ansYrltaeTBFIta¦ )andl; sutaeTBFItaR)ab;nwglta-

eTBFItaCabgRsIrbs;xø Ün . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa suta ltM RBvuM

dUecñHk¾man . mann½yfa sutaeTBFIta FItarbs;esþcevsSv½N

mharaC R)ab;nwgltaeTBFIta .

Baküfa timirtm<kçi¬1¦ ¬manEPñkBN’Twketñat¦ )andl; man

EPñkRbkbedaymNÐlBN’Twketñat RsedogeksrpáaraMg . Baküfa

nePv esaPeN ¬l¥pUrpg;dUcGakasR)ascakBBk¦ )andl; l¥dUc

épÞGakas GFib,ayfa Rss;s¥ateRBaHGvyv³tUcFMbrisuT§ dUcépÞ

GakasR)ascakvtßúkkrl¥k;manBBkCaedIm kñúgsrTsm½yd¾l¥s¥at

1¦ bidk = bItrtþam<kç i .


dUecñaH . mü:ageTot Baküfa nePv kat;bTCa neP Év ¬elIépÞ

BBkenaHÉg¦ . Év sBÞ Casmuc©ytß³ ¬esckþIrYm¦ . GFib,ay

fa s¥atRKb;kEnøg KW kñúgvimanEdltaMgenAelIGakas nigkñúgTIEdl

Cab;nwgEpndImanPñMhimBanþ nigPñMyuKn§rCaedIm . Baküfa ekn keta

¬eRBaHeFVIbuNüGVITuk¦ )andl; ekIteLIgedaybuNüGVI KW dUcemþc .

Baküfa yesa ¬manyseRcIn¦ )andl; brivarsm,tþ i nigekrþ×

eQµaH . mYyeTot KuNTaMgLayEdlCaehtu[manekrþ×eQµaHl,I

elakeRbIedaysBÞfa kitþ isTÞ .

Baküfa btiena biytra ¬CaTIeR)asR)aNrbs;sVamI¦ )an

dl; CaTIRsLaj;rbs;sVamI KW CaTIsñiT§sñalrbs;sVamI . elak

sMEdgdl;kars¥atrbs;ltaeTBFItaenaH edayBaküfa btiena biy-

tra enaH . Baküfa visidæklüaNitrsS rUbeta ¬manrUbl¥eqIt

qay¦ )andl; viessbMput RbesIrbMput s¥atéRkElg l¥éRkElg

edayrUbsm,tþi . Baküfa GsSú Cani)at . mYyeTot GacarüBYk

xøHeBalfa visidæklüaNitrasi rUbeta ¬manrUbragRss;s¥atéRk-


Elg¦ . Baküfa bTkçiNa ¬Qøas¦ )andl; QøasévRKb;y:ag

nigviesspg . Baküfa nc©n ¬raM¦ kñúgBaküfa nc©nKItvaTiet enH

)anlubviPtþ iecj KYrCa nec© c KIet c vaTiet c ¬kñ úgkarra M kñúg

kareRcóg nigkñúgkarRbKM¦ . Baküfa nrnaribucäita ¬BYkeTvbutþ nig

eTBFIta )ansYrdl;erOy²¦ . )andl; eTvbutþ nigeTBFItasYrfa

{ltaeTBFIta nageFVIGV I?} . edIm,IeXIjrUb nigedIm,IemIlsil,³ .

eQµaHfa eTvr³ ¬sVamI¦ eRBaHGtßfa eRtkGrdUceTvta eRBaH

minmankarsñiT§sñalpøÚvkayCanic© b¤eRBaHCamitþRbesIr . eQµaHfa

sVamI RBmTaMgjati ¬seTvr³¦ eRBaHGtßfa bgb¥Únrbs;sVamI RBm

TaMgsVamI . mþayekµk«BukekµkeQµaHfa matabitarbs;sVamI RBmTaMg

mþayekµk«Bukekµk eTIbeQµaHfa RBmTaMgmatabitarbs;sVamI . RBm

TaMg´Rbús nig´RsI eTIbeQµaHfa rhUtdl;GñkbeRmIRbúsRsI P¢ab;

edayBaküfa btimaPiraFyw ¬eFVI[sVamIeR)asR)aN¦ . Baküfa

tmði keta ¬EdleFVIk ñ úgkalCakUnRbsaRsIenaH¦ GFib,ayfa )an

manbrivarys eRBaHkmµEdleFVI[ekIténbuBaØkmµCaeRKÓg[ekItenaH


)aneFVITukkñ úgxN³CakUnRbsaRsIkñ úgRtkUlenaH b¤kñ úgkalenaH .

Baküfa mm enH pøas;Ca mya edaysmøwgdl;Baküfa keta .

Baküfa ctuBÖi zaenhi¬1¦ ¬kñúgzan³ 4¦ )andl; edayehtu

4 y:ag b¤kñúgzan³EdlCaehtu 4 y:ag . Baküfa viessmCÄKa

¬)andl;PaBCaGñkviess¦ )andl; dl;PaBCaGñkviessCagRsIr)aM

BYkdéT . sMEdgedaysrubrbs;BaküEdleBalfa edayzan³ 4

y:ag KW Gayu vNÑ³ sux³ nigBl³ . mYyeTot elakeBalfa

GayuCaedIm rbs;nagltaeTBFItaenaH eQµaHfa Biess eRBaHman

sPaBBiessCaTIbMputCageTBFItaBYkdéT mYyeTot GayuCaedIm

rbs;nag elakehAfa zan³ eRBaHCaehtuEdlKYrrab; CaEbbénkar

elIksresIr KW )andl; esckþIv iess . dUcGVI? mann½yfa KW

Gayu vNÑ³ sux³ nigBl³ .

bTfa sutM nu tM Pasti yM GyM lta ¬m©as;bgTaMg 3

)ansþab;BaküEdlm©as;bgltaehIyb¤¦ esckþIfa sutaeTBFItasYr

1¦ bidk = ctuBÖ i zaensu .


bgTaMg 3 fa m©as;bgltaenH CabgRsIrbs;BYkeyIg eBalBakü

NaTuk BYkm©as;bg)anB¤BaküenaH b¤min)anB¤ . Baküfa yM ena

¬erOgEdlBYkeyIgsgS½y¦ )andl; BaküNaEdlBYkeyIgsgS½y .

Baküfa ena Cani)at . Baküfa ena mü:ageTot esµInwg GmðakM

¬rbs;BYkeyIg¦ . b¤cuHkñ úgGvFarN³ dUckñúgRbeyaKCaedImfa {n

ena smM Gtßi ¬esµIedaytfaKtminmaneLIy¦} . eRBaHehtuenaH

m©as;bgBüakrN_mineXøógXøat . GFib,ayfa BüakrN_minvibrit .

bTfa btiena kirmðakM visidæa narInM Kti c tasM bvra c¬1¦

eTvta ¬sVamICaTIBwg ¬Kti¦ EdlsøÚtRtg;sRmab;eyIgEdlCaRsI

nignarITaMgLayCaeTvtad¾RbesIr¦ esckþIfa FmµtasVamIeQµaHfa Ca

m©as; eRBaHRKb;RKgcakesckþIvinas CaTIdMeNIreTArbs;BYkeyIg

nigrbs;narITaMgLay nigCaTIBwgrbs;narITaMgLayenaH nigCaeTvta

d¾RbesIrx<g;x<s; eRBaHCaTIBwgrbs;empÞHTaMgLayenaH EdleyIgTaMg

LayeFVI[ekItesckþIeRtkGredayRbéBehIy CaGñknaMRbeyaCn_sux

1¦ bidk = narin M KtI c ensM>>> .


mk[TaMgkñ úg\LÚvenH nigteTA .

bTfa btIsu FmµM bricram sBVa ¬sUm[eyIgTaMgLay

RbRBwtþFm’kñúgsVamITaMgLay¦ esckþIfa BYkeyIgTaMgGs; cUrRbRBwtþ

vtßúEdlKYrRbRBwtþ mankarPJak;munCaedIm kñ úgsVamIrbs;xø Ün² . bT

fa ytß )andl; nimitþNa b¤kalRbRBwtþvtßúEdlKYrRbRBwtþkñ úgsVamI

TaMgLayNa eQµaHfa CaRsIRbRBwtþkñ úgsVamI . bTfa lcäames

Pasti yM GyM lta ¬k¾nwg)ansm,tþidUcEdlm©as;bgltaeBal¦

esckþIfa BYkeyIgRbRBwtþFm’kñ úgsVamITaMgLay nwg)ansm,tþidUc

Edlm©as;bgltaniyayfa {nwg)an} kñ úgkal\LÚvenH .

Baküfa bBVtsanueKacera ¬Rtac;eTAtamdgéRBEk,reCIgPñ M¦

)andl; esþcraCsIh_Rtac;eTAtamdgéRBCitPñ M . Baküfa mhin§rM

bBVtmavsitVa ¬GaRs½yesþcPñ M¦ esckþIfa GaRs½yenAelIPñ Md¾maMTaM

EdleQµaHfa mhin§r³ eRBaHRTRTg;EpndI . kñúgBaküenaHmann½y

fa GaRs½yenA . k¾Baküfa mhin§rM bBVtmavsitVa enH CaTutiya-

viPtþi eRbIkñúgGtßénstþmIviPtþi eRBaHsmøwgdl;Baküfa GavsitVa ¬enA


GaRs½y¦ . Baküfa bsyð ¬sÞúHeTAs®gÁúb¦ esckþIfa esþcraCsIh_

enaHsmøab;stVmandMrICaedImd¾FMedaykarxñatEdlminEmnTab eday

kmøaMg .

Baküfa tefv ¬k¾dUecñaH¦ esckþIfa enHCakarGFib,ayesckþI

RBmedaykareRbóbeFob[Gs;eCIgeday]bmaedayKafa dUcy:agfa

raCsIh_GaRs½yenAelIPñ MEdlCaTIenA nigTIrkGaharrbs;xøÜn rEmg

seRmcRbeyaCn_tamEdlxøÜnRtÚvkar y:agNa ®sþIEdlmansT§a

RCHføa CaGriysavika k¾y:agenaHdUcKña GaRs½yenACamYysVamIGñk

CaFM CaPsþa eRBaHrkciBa© wm nig[eRbIR)as;edaykarsuI nigeRKÓg

esøókdNþb;CaedIm RbRBwtþekatERkgsVamIedaybdibtþisVamIsBVRKb;

smøab; KW lHesckþIeRkaFEdlekIteLIgkñ úgjatimitþGñkCitxagpÞH

CaedIm kMcat; KW RKbsgát; )andl; min[ekItesckþIkMNaj;Edl

ekIteLIgkñúgrbs;rbrEdlRKb;RKg eQµaHfa CaGñkRbRBwtþFm’ eRBaH

RbRBwtþFm’ KW kareKarBsVamI nigFm’rbs;])asikaedayRbéB ®sþI

enaHrEmg r Ikray KW rEmgdl;nUvPaBrIkray kñúgsYK’ KW kñúgeTv-


elak . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa ltavimanTI 4

3

-337- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ Kutþ ilvimansURtTI 5

Gdðkza KutþilvimanTI 5

{vimanrbs;eTBFItaEdlKutþ ilbNÐitsYr}

[33] Kutþ ilviman manBaküepþ ImCaedImfa stþtnþw sumFurM

¬bBiRtesþcekasiy ´RBHGgÁ)anbeRgónviC¢aedjBiNExS 7 man

sMeLgBIeraH¦ Kutþ ilvimanenaH ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

kalRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;enAkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH RBHmhaemaKÁ-

løancarikeTAkan;eTvelak tamn½yEdleBalmkGMBImunenaHÉg luH

eTAdl;PBtavtwgS eXIjeTBFIta 36 GgÁ mYyGgÁmanRsIeTBGbSr

1>000 Cabrivar esayTiBVsm,tþ iFMkñ úg 36 viman EdltaMgenAkñúg

PBtavtwgSenaH eTIbsYrdl;kmµEdleTBFItaTaMgenaH )aneFV Imkkñúg

kalmuntamlMdab; edayKafa 3 Kafa EdlmanBaküfa GPikáenþn

veNÑn ¬EneTBFIta Gñkmansm,úrd¾rugerOg¦ CaedIm . sUm,IeTBFIta

TaMgenaH k¾)aneqø IytbRBHmhaemaKÁløansYr edayn½yfa vtß út þ-

mTayika narI ¬narIGñk)anfVaysMBt;sac;l¥mYypÞa Mg¦ CaedIm .

lMdab;enaH RBHefr³eTIbnwgRtLb;GMBIeTvelakmkkan;mnusS-


elak )anRkabTUlesckþIenaHcMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK . RBHmanRBH-

PaKRKa)ansþab;ehIy eTIbRtas;fa {emaKÁløan eTBFItaTaMgenaH

min)aneqøIydUcEdlGñksYrEtmü:agbu:eNÑaH kalGMBImun k¾)aneqøIy

tamEdltfaKtsYrdUcKña} . kalRBHefr³RkabTUlsUm RBHGgÁ

eTIbRtas;dMNalerOgrbs;RBHGgÁ kalCaKutþilGacarükñúgGtIt[

sþab; dUcteTAenH .

kñúgGtIt kalesþcRBhµTtþesayraCsm,tþienAkñúgRkúgBara-

NsI RBHeBaFistVekItkñúgRtkUlKn§BV maneQµaHfa Kutþil³ )anCa

Gacarü R)akdeQµaHe)aHsMeLg eKsÁal;CaTUeTARKb;Tis dUcKñanwg

tim<rUnarT³ eRBaHCaGñkmansil,³brisuT§ kñ úgsil,³rbs;Kn§BV .

Kutþ il³enaH ciBa© wmmatabitaEdlcas;Cra nigxVak;EPñk . Kn§BVGñk

Rsúk]eC¢nIeQµaH musil³ )anRCabdl;karseRmcpøÚvsil,³rbs;

KutþilGacarüenaH eTIbcUleTArk eFVIesckþIeKarBehIyQrkñúgkEnøg

mçag kalKutþilGacarüsYrfa {mkeFVIGVI?} eTIbR)ab;fa {R)afñanwgeron

sil,³kñ úgsMNak;rbs;elakGacarü} . Kutþ ilGacarü smøwgemIl


musil³Kn§BVenaH eRBaHxøÜnCaGñkQøaskñúgkaremIllkçN³ Kitfa

{GñkenHmanGFüaRs½yminerobry rwgrUs GaRkk; CamnusSmindwg

KuN minKYrse®gÁaH} eTIbmin[»kaseronsil,³ . musil³eTIb

cUleTArkmatabitarbs;Kutþ ilGacarü yMERsk[matabitaCYy .

KutþilGacarü kalRtÚvmatabitaCMnH eTIbKitfa {BaküTUnµanrbs;RKÚ

Carbs;mantémø} dUecñHehIy eTIbepþ ImR)ab;sil,³dl;musil³ Et

eRBaHKutþilGacarüR)ascakesckþIkMNaj; nigeRBaHmanesckþIkruNa

eTIbminhYgEhgcMeNH [musil³sikSasil,³sUm,ITaMgGs; .

sUm,Imusil³ eRBaHCamnusSQøas eRBaHsnSMbuNümkGMBI

mun nigeRBaHminx¢ ilRcGUs minyUrbu:nµank¾eronsil,³cb; eTIbKit

fa {RkúgBaraNsIenH CanKrRbesIrkñ úgCm<ÚTV Ib ebIdUecñaH eyIgKYr

sMEdgsil,³dl;bris½TmuxRBHTInaMgkñ úgnKrenH kalenaH eyIgk¾

nwgmaneQµaHe)aHsMeLgEdleKdwgCagGacarükñúgCm<ÚT Ib} eTIbR)ab;

dl;Gacarüfa {´R)afñanwgsMEdgsil,³muxRBHTInaMg sUmelakGacarü

emtþanaM´cUlKal;pgcuH} . RBHmhastVmanesckþIkruNafa {musil³


enH eronsil,³kñúgsMNak;rbs;eyIg cUr)anTTYlkar]btßmÖ} dUecñH

ehIy eTIbnaMeKcUlKal;RBHraCa ehIyRkabTUlfa {sUmetCHl¥g

FUlIRBH)aT sUmRBHGgÁRTg;eR)asTtRBHenRtemIlesckþICMnajkñúg

karedjBiNrbs;kUnsisSrbs;´RBHGgÁenHcuH RBHGgÁ} . RBHraCa

Rtas;bgÁab;fa {l¥ehIy} ehIyRTg;sþab;karedjBiNrbs;musil³

enaH eBjRBHT½yéRkElg RKamusil³RkabTUlla RTg;)anham

ehIyRtas;fa {GñkcUrenAbeRmIraCkarCamYyeyIgcuH eyIgnwg[ ¬RTBü¦

Bak;kNþalGMBIcMENkEdl[dl;Gacarü} . musil³RkabTUlfa

{mhaetCH ´RBHGgÁnwgminTTYlticCagGacarüeT sUmRTg;)aneR)as

RBHraCTanesµIn wgGacarücuH RBHGgÁ} kalRBHraCaRtas;fa {GñkkuM

niyayy:agenHeLIy FmµtaGacarüCaFM eyIgnwg[GñkBak;kNþal

bu:eNÑaH} . musil³RkabTUlfa {sUmRBHGgÁRTg;eR)asTtRBHenRt

emIlsil,³rbs;´RBHGgÁ nigGacarü ¬fanrNal¥Cag¦} ehIyk¾ecj

cakRkúgraCRKwH edIreXasnaeTAkñúgTIenaH² fa {GMBIenHeTA 7 éf¶

nwgmankarsMEdgsil,³Rtg;muxRBHlanhøÜg rvag´ nigKutþilGacarü

-341- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ KutþilvimansURtTI 5

sUmGeBa¢IjGñkbMNgnwgemIlsil,³ cUreTAcuH} .

RBHmhastVsþab;dUecñHehIyKitfa {musil³enHenAkemøaH man

kmøaMg cMENkeyIgcas;ehIy kmøaMgk¾tic ebIeyIgcaj; eyIgsøab;

l¥Cag eRBaHdUecñaH eyIgnwgcUleTAkan;éRBcgk[søab;cuH} . eTIb

eTAéRB ekItkarxøacsøab;k¾RtLb;vij R)afñanwgsøab;eTot k¾eTAéRB

Etxøacsøab;k¾RtLb;vijeTot . kalRBHmhastVeTAmk² y:agenH

TIenaHk¾køayCaKnøgminmanesµA . lMdab;enaH eTvraCcUleTArk

RBHmhastVR)akdxøÜn[eXIj QrenAelIGakas Rtas;y:agenHfa

{elakGacarüeFVIGV I?} RBHmhastV)anTUleqø Iy sMEdgnUvesckþITukç

rbs;xø Ünfa

bBiRtRBHekasiy ´RBHGgÁ)anbeRgónBiN

manExS 7 mansMeLgBIeraH KYrmenarmü [dl;

musil³EdlCasisS eKtaMgcitþedjBiNRbLgnwg

´RBHGgÁkNþalevTI sUmRBHGgÁRTg;CaTIBwgdl;´

RBHGgÁpgcuH .


KafaenaHmanBaküGFib,ayfa bBiRteTvraC ´RBHGgÁ )an

beRgón sisSeQµaHfa musil³ KW R)ab; [eron )andl; [sikSa

nUvviC¢aeQµaHfa BiNExS 7 eRBaHmanExS 7 nigbeBa©jsMeLg)an

7 sMeLg mansMeLgqC¢³¬1¦ CaedIm . eQµaHfa mansMeLgBIeraH

xøa Mg KW mansMeLgmUlkøM eRBaH ¬Gñkedj¦ eronBiN)anCMnaj

min[sMeLg 22 EdlmanehIyvinaseTA . eQµaHfa KYrmenarmü

eRBaHeFVI[ekItesckþIrIkraydl;Gñksþab; edayeRbóbeFobsMeLgnwg

BiNrYmKña eRBaH ¬Gñkedj¦ CMnajkñúgkarEktRmÚvsMeLg[RKb; 50

sMeLg tamEdleronmk . musil³enaHCakUnsisS nwgedjBiN

RbLgCamYy´RBHGgÁEdlCaGacarürbs;xøÜn elIevTI KW eCIgRkay

edIm,IsMEdgesckþIviessrbs;xø Ünpg GMnYtpg eKR)ab;´RBHGgÁfa

{GacarücUrmksMEdgsil,³CamYyKñacuH} . bBiRtRBHekasiyeTvraC

sUmRBHGgÁCaTIBwgGaRs½ydl;´RBHGgÁpgcuH .

1¦ qC¢³ CaeQµaHsMeLgt®nþImYyRbePTrbs;CnCatihiNÐÚ . sMeLgEdlekItGMBIzan³TaMg 6 ¬nasik/ »dæ/ ]ru/ tal³/ Civða/ nigTnþi/ bMNgyksMeLgdUcsMeLgek¶akyM¦ GMBI vcnanuRkm)alI-éf c,ab;sikSarbs;RBH]tþrKNaFikar .


skáeTvraC)ansþab;dUecñaH kalnwgRTg;R)ab;fa {elakGacarü

kuMxøaceLIy} ńwgCaTIBwg CaTIGaRs½yrbs;elakGacarü} eTIbRtas;

fa

elakGacarü ńwgCaTIBwgrbs;elakGacarü

ńwgbUCaelakGacarü sisSnwgQñHGacarümin)an

GacarünwgRtÚvQñHsisSedayBit .

n½yfa RBHmhastV)anCaGacarürbs;skáeTvraCkñúgGtþPaB

mun . eRBaHehtuenaH skáeTvraCeTIbeBalfa GhmacriybUCeka

¬ĆaGñkbUCaGacarü¦ minEmnKUxøa MgdUcmusil³ . kalkUnsisSdUc

énAman GacarüdUcCaelaknwgcaj;)any:agNa eRBaHdUecñaH sisS

nwgminGacQñHelakGacarü)aneLIy elakGacarüenaHÉg nwgQñH

musil³CasisSedayBit . GFib,ayfa naymusil³enaH kalnwg

caj;ehIy nwgdl;nUvesckþIvinas . k¾É skáeTvraCRKaRtas;y:ag

enHehIy eTIbR)ab;fa {kñ úgéf¶TI 7 ńwgeTAkan;eragRbLg sUm[

elakGacarüTukcitþ elgt®nþIcuH} ehIyk¾esþceTA .


luHdl;éf¶TI 7 RBHraCaRBmTaMgraCbriBarRbfab;Kg;enARtg;

kNþalRBHerag . Kutþ ilGacarü nignaymusil³ eRtómxøÜnedIm,I

sMEdgsil,³ cUleTAfVaybgÁMRBHraCa GgÁúyelIGasn³Edlcat;Ecg

[ ehIyedjBiN . esþcská³ esþcmkQrelIGakas . RBH

mhastVeXIjesþcská³enaH EtGñkdéTmineXIj . kñúgkaredjBiN

rbs;GñkTaMg 2 bris½TeXIjfaesµIKña . esþcská³Rtas;nwgKutþil-

Gacarüfa {elakGacarücUlpþac;ExSTI 1} . kalpþac;ExSTI 1 ehIy

BiNk¾Kg;enAmansMeLgrNþMBIeraH . esþcská³Rtas;teTAeTotfa

{elakGacarücUrpþac;ExSTI 2/ TI 3/ TI 4/ TI 5/ TI 6/ TI 7} .

kalpþac;ExSBiNTaMgenaHehIy BiNk¾enAmanEtmansMeLgrNþMBIeraH

naymusil³eXIjdUecñaH k¾CaGñkcaj; sMyugmuxcuH . BYkbris½T

rIkrayeRtkGr elIpÞaMgsMBt;RKvIeTAmk [saFukardl;KutþilGacarü .

RBHraCaRtas;bgÁab;[Tajnaymusil³ecjGMBIépÞRBHerag . mha

CnykduMdI kMNat;eQICaedImKb;vaynaymusil³rhUtdl;søab;kñúg

TIenHÉg .


skáeTvraCsMEdgesckþIrIkrayeRtkGrnwgRBHmhaburs ehIy

esþcRtLb;eTAkan;eTvelakrMeBcenaHÉg . BYkeTvtaTUlsYresþc

ská³fa {bBiRtmharaC RBHGgÁesþceTIbyagmkGMBINa?} RKa)an

sþab;erOgra:genaHehIy eTIbnaMKñaRkabTUlfa {bBiRtmharaC BYk´

RBHGgÁR)afñaeXIjRBHGacarüKutþ il³ sUmRbTan»kas sUmRBHGgÁ

RTg;naMKutþilGacarü[BYk´RBHGgÁ)aneXIjkñúgTIenHpgcuH} . esþc

ská³sþab;Bakürbs;BYkeTvtaehIy k¾maneTvbBa¢adl;matlIeTvbutþfa

{cUrykevCynþrfeTATTYlKutþilGacarümk[BYkeyIg BYkeTvtaR)afña

nwgeXIjGacarüenaH} matlIeTvbutþenaH)aneFVItameTvbBa¢a . esþc

ská³RTg;eFV IesckþIeRtkGrrIkrayCamYyRBHmhastV ehIyRtas;fa

{elakGacarüeR)asedjBiN BYkeTvtacg;sþab;} . Kutþ ilGacarü

TUlfa {´RBHGgÁciBa© wmCIvitedaysil,³ kalmin)antémøQñÜlk¾min

sMEdgsil,³} . esþcská³Rtas;sYrfa {k¾elakGacarüRtÚvkartémø

QñÜlbu:nµan?} KutþilGacarüTUlfa {´RBHGgÁminRtÚvkartémøQñÜl

y:agdéT EtsUm[BYkeTvtaTaMgenHR)ab;dl;kuslkmµEdlxøÜneFVImk


ehIykñúgCatimunbu:eNÑaH enaHCatémøQñÜlrbs;´RBHGgÁ} BYkeTvta

TaMgenaHTTYlfa {)an} .

lMdab;enaH RBHmhastVkalnwgsYrdl;karRbRBwtþ EdlBYk

eTvtaTaMgenaHeFVImkkñúgCatimun EdlCaehtusm,tþienaH edaybMNg

[eTvtamYyGgÁ² bBa¢ak;fa sm,tþiEdl)anmkxN³enaH)anmkdUc

emþc eTIbsYredayKafamanCaGaT×fa GPikáenþn veNÑn ¬EneTBFIta

nagmansm,úrl¥¦ dUcEdlRBHmhaemaKÁløansYr . cMENkBYkeTvta

TaMgenaH k¾eqøIycMeBaHKutþilGacarü dUcEdleqøIydl;RBHefr³ eday

BakümanCaGaT×fa vtßút þmTayika narI ¬narIGñkfVaysMBt;sac;l¥

mYypÞaMg¦ . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmanRBHPaKeTIbRtas;fa {emaKÁløan

eTBFItaenaHmin)aneqøIydUcEdlGñksYrEtmü:ageT kalmun k¾)aneqøIy

tamEdltfaKtsYrdUcKña} .

)anB¤fa ®sþITaMgenaH kalsasnaRBHksSbsmµasm<úT§ ekIt

CamnusS )aneFVIbuNüy:agenaH² . bNþa®sþITaMgenaH ®sþImñak;)an

fVaysMBt; mñak;)anfVaykRmgpáamøiHmYyPYg mñak;)anfVayrbs;RkGUb


mñak;)anfVayEpøeQId¾l¥ mñak;)anfVayTwkGMeBA mñak;)aneRbIRmaméd

5 eR)aHRBMeRKÓgRkGUbRtg;ectiyrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK mñak;rkSa

]e)asf mñak;)anfVayTwkdl;Pikç úGñkqan;kñúgTUkkñ úgevlaCitnwgGs;

evlaqan; mñak;kalmþayekµk«BukekµkeRkaF k¾mineRkaFtb )aneFV I

karRbNib½tn_ mñak;CaTasIminx¢ ilRcGUs mñak;)anfVay)aylay

edayTwkedaHRss;dl;Pikç úGñkRtac;biNÐ)at mñak;)anfVayTwkGMeBA

mñak;)anfVaykMNat;GMeBA mñak;)anfVayEpøTmøab; mñak;)anfVayRtsk;

mñak;)anfVayel<A mñak;)anfVayEpøRtsk;RsÚv mñak;)anfVayEpømak;-

R)ag mñak;)anfVayc®gáansRmab;kMedAéd mñak;)anfVayGnøk; 1 kþab;

mñak;)anfVaypáa 1 kþab; mñak;)anfVayemImdMLÚg mñak;)anfVaysøwkesþA

1 kþab; mñak;)anfVayRCk;sVay mñak;)anfVayRKab;l¶buk mñak;)an

fVayvtßBn§cegáH mñak;)anfVayeyaK)aRt mñak;)anfVaysMBt;GeyaK

mñak;)anfVaypøwtmanRCúg 4 mñak;)anfVaypøwtsøwketñat mñak;)anfVay

pøwtknÞ úyek¶ak mñak;)anfVayqRt mñak;)anfVayEs,keCIg mñak;)an

fVaynM mñak;)anfVaynMBUtsár mñak;)anfVaydMusáretñat . eTvtaTaMg


enaH mYyGgÁ² maneTBGbSr 1>000 nak; Cabrivar rugerOgeday

eTvbJTi§FM )anCabricarikarbs;skáeTvraCkñúgPBtavRtwgS RtÚvKutþ il-

GacarüsYr eTIbR)ab;kuslEdlxøÜneFV ItamlMdab; edayn½yfa narI

Gñk)anfVaysMBt;sac;l¥mYypÞa Mg CaedIm .

Kutþ ilGacarü)ansYrbuBVkmµrbs;eTvtaTaMgenaHfa

EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥ júaMgTisTaMgBYg

[PøW dUcCapáayRBwk eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbman

sm,úrdUecñH eRBaHbuNüGVI plenHeTIbseRmcdl;

nag mYyeTot ePaK³RKb;y:agKYrCaTIeBjcitþeT Ib

ekItdl;nag ?



buNüGVI nageTIbmanGanuPaBrugerOgy:agenH nig

vNÑ³rbs;nag eTIbPø Wc,as;eTAsBVTis ?



k¾mancitþeRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYr

y:agenHfa

narIGñk)anfVaysMBt;sac;l¥mYypÞaMg CaGñk

RbesIrkñúgnr³ nignarITaMgLay nag)anfVaysMBt;

EdlKYrRsLaj;y:agenH eTIb)ancUldl;zan³ KW

TiBVv imanEdlKYrrIkraydUecñH .

sUmGeBa¢IjemIlvimanrbs;´enaHcuH ´CaRsI

GbSrEdlmanrUbrag nigsm,úrKYrRsLaj; TaMgCa

GñkRbesIrCagRsIGbSrTaMgBan;GgÁeTotpg sUmelak

emIlnUvplénbuNü KW karfVaysMBt;enaHcuH .



RKb;y:agEdlKYreBjcitþ eTIbekItdl;´





TaMgsm,úrrbs;´ k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

4 vimaneRkAGMBIenH manesckþIBisþardUcvtßútþmTayikaviman .


EneTBFIta mansm,úrd¾r ugerOg .l. TaMg



mancitþeRtkGr eTIbR)ab;plkmµtamEdlelaksYr

y:agenHfa

narIGñkfVaypáad¾]tþm CaGñkRbesIrkñ úgnr³

nignarITa MgLay nag)anfVaypáaEdlKYrRsLaj;

y:agenH eTIb)ancUldl;zan³ KW TiBVvimanEdlKYr

rIkraydUecñH .

GeBa¢IjemIlvimanrbs;´enaHcuH ´CaRsIGbSr

EdlmanrUbrag nigsm,úrKYrRsLaj; TaMgCaGñkRbesIr


CagRsIGbSrmYyBan;GgÁeTotpg GeBa¢ IjemIlpl

énbuNü KW karfVaypáaenaHcuH .

eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbmansm,úrdUecñH .l.


eTBFItaeqø Iyfa

narIGñk)anfVayrbs;RkGUbd¾]tþm CaGñkRbesIr

kñ úgnr³ nignarITa MgLay nag)anfVayrbs;RkGUb

EdlKYrRsLaj;y:agenH eTIb)ancUldl;zan³ KW

TiBVv imanEdlCaTIKab;citþd UecñH




énbuNü KW karfVayrbs;RkGUbenaHcuH .




eTBFItaeqøIyfa

narI Gñk)anfVayEpøeQId¾]tþmdl;Pikç úmYyrUb

CaGñkRbesIrkñúgnr³ nignarITaMgLay nag)anfVay

EpøeQIEdlKYreBjcitþy:agenH eTIb)ancUldl;zan³

KW TiBVv imanEdlCaTIKab;citþdUecñH .




énbuNü KW karfVayEpøeQIenaHcuH .



eTBFItatbfa

narIGñk)anfVayGaharmanrsd¾q¶aj; dl;Pikçú

mYyrUb CaGñkRbesIrkñ úgnr³ nignarITa MgLay nag

)anfVayGaharEdlCaTIeBjcitþy:agenH eTIb)an


cUldl;zan³ KW TiBVv imanEdlCaTIKab;citþdUecñH .




énbuNü KW karfVayGaharEdlmanrsd¾q¶aj;enaH

cuH .



eTBFItatbfa

´)anfVaykareR)aHRBMedayrbs;RkGUb Rtg;

RBHsßÚbrbs;RBHksSbsmµasm<úT§ GeBa¢IjemIlviman

rbs;´enaHcuH ´CaRsIGbSrEdlmanrUbrag nigsm,úr

KYrRsLaj; TaMgCaGñkRbesIrCagRsIGbSrmYyBan;

GgÁeTotpg GeBa¢IjemIlplénbuNü KW karfVay

kareR)aHRBMedayrbs;RkGUbRtg;RBHsßÚbenaHcuH .




4 vimanenH manesckþIBisþardUcKñanwgKn§bBa©gÁ úlikviman .


EneTBFIta nagmansm,úrl¥ manBnøWP ø WeTA

sBVTis .l. eRBaHbuNüGVI nageTIbmansm,úr

dUecñH .l. TaMgsm,úrrbs;nagk¾PøWc,as;sBVTis .

eTBFItatbfa

´)aneXIjPikçú nigPikçúnITaMgLaykMBugedIrpøÚv

q¶ay )ansþab;FmµeTsnarbs;elakTaMgenaH )an

rkSa]e)asfGs;éf¶mYyyb;mYy .




énbuNüTaMgLaycuH .

-3 55- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ KutþilvimansURtTI 5



eTBFItatbfa

énAkñ úgTwk mancitþRCHføa )anfVayTwkdl;

Pikç úmYyrUb GeBa¢ IjemIlvimanrbs;énaHcuH Ća

RsIGbSrEdlmanrUbrag nigsm,úrKYrRsLaj; TaMgCa

GñkRbesIrCagRsIGbSrmYyBan;GgÁeTotpg GeBa¢Ij

emIlplénbuNüTaMgLaycuH .



eTBFItatbfa

´minKitRbTUsþ taMgcitþRbNib½tn_y:agl¥

cMeBaHmþayekµk nig»Bukekµkd¾kac GñkeRkaFgay

nigrwgrUs CaGñkminRbmaTkñ úgkarrkSasIlrbs;xø Ün





énbuNüTaMgLaycuH



eTBFItatbfa

´CaRsIbeRmI TTYlQñÜleFV Ik ic©kargarrbs;

GñkdéT minx¢ ilRcGUskñúgkargarEdlCaRbeyaCn_

minCaGñkeRcInedayesckþIeRkaF minmanmanHRbkan;

xø Ün eBjcitþEbgEckvtß úEdlCacMENkrbs;xø Ün








eTBFItatbfa

´)anfVay)aypSMedayTwkedaHRss;dl;Pikç ú

mYyrUbEdlkMBugRtac;biNÐ)at luHeFV Ikmµy:agenH

rEmgcUldl;suKti EdlCaTIKab;citþehIy .

kñúgvimanTaMg 25 enaH vimanEdlnwgeBalteTA manesckþI

BisþardUcKñanwgxIeraTnTayikaviman ¬KW BaküsYr nigsrubBaküeqøIy

dUcKña epSgEtcMeBaHvtß úEdlfVay dUecñaH teTAenH eTIbR)ab;cMeBaH

vtßúEdlfVayb: ueNÑaH¦ {GñkERb} .

eTBFItaeqøIyfa

´)abfVay

1> sárGMeBA .l.

2> kMNat;GMeBA .l.

3> EpøTnøab; .l.

4> EpøRtsk; .l.


5> Epøel<A .l.

6> EpøRtsk;RsÚv .l.

7> Epømak;R)ag .l.

8> c®gáansRmab;kMedAéd .l.

9> Gnøk; 1 kþab; .l.

10> páa 1 kþab; .l.

11> emImdMLÚg .l.

12> søwkesþA 1 kþab; .l.

13> RCk;sVay .l.

14> RKab;løbuk .l.

15> vtßBn§cegáH .l.

16> eyaK)aRt .l.

17> sMBt;GeyaK .l.

18> pøwtmanRCúg 4 .l.

19> pøwtsøwketñat .l.


20> pøwtknÞ úyek¶ak .l.

21> qRt .l.

22> Es,keCIg .l.

23> nM .l.

24> nMBUtsár .l.

25> dMusáretñat .l.







RBHmhastV kaleTvtaTaMgenaHR)ab;plénkarRbRBwtþl¥tam

EdlxøÜneFVImkedayl¥y:agenHehIy k¾mancitþeRtkGr kalnwgsMEdg

esckþIeRtkGrrbs;xø Ün nigkalnwgRbkasPaBEdlxøÜnxVl;xVaykñúg


karRbRBwtþsucrit nigPaBEdlxøÜnmanGFüaRs½ykñúgniBVan eTIbeBal

fa

éf¶enH ´mkl¥ehIy CabJkSl¥ yaml¥ Edl

´)aneXIjeTBGbSr EdlmanrUbrag nigBN’sm,úr

KYrRsLaj;

TaMg)ansþab;Fm’ EdlENnaMpøÚvbuNükusl

GMBIeTBItaTaMgenaHpg tGMBIenHeTA ´nwgeFV IbuNü-

kusl[eRcIn edaykar[Tan edaykarRbRBwtþFm’

esµI edaykarsRgÜm nigedaykarTUnµan\®nÞiy ´

nwg)aneTAkan;sßanTIEdleTAehIyminesakesA .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa vtß út þmTayika ¬)anfVaysMBt;d¾

]tþmmYypÞa Mg¦ )andl; sMBt;d¾x<g;x<s; KW RbesIrbMputCagsMBt;

TaMgLay b¤sMBt;l¥elIsfñak;kMBUl EdlrkSasnSMTukkñúgcMnYnsMBt;

d¾eRcIn eQµaHfa sMBt;y:agl¥/ fVaysMBt;d¾l¥enaH . sUm,Ikñ úg

BaküTaMgLaymanCaGaT×fa buböút þmTayika ¬)anfVaypáad¾]tþm¦ k¾


mann½yenHdUcKña . Baküfa biyrUbTayika ¬)anfVaysMBt;Edl

KYrRsLaj;¦ )andl; [vtßúmansPaBKYrRsLaj; nigmankMeNIt

KYrRsLaj; . Baküfa mnabM ¬EdlKYrr Ikray¦ )andl; ceRmIn

citþ . Baküfa TiBV M ¬TiBVv iman¦ )andl; eQµaHfa CaTiBV eRBaHCa

sm,tþiTiBV . Baküfa ]bc© ¬cUldl;¦ )andl; cUleTA KW taMg

citþ GFib,ayfa RtiHriHehIyfa eyIgKb,I)anvtßúenH dUecñH . Bakü

fa zanM ¬zan³¦ )andl; zan³ manvimanCaedIm b¤PaB\sSr³ .

)az³fa mna)a dUecñHk¾man . GFib,ayfa CaTIceRmIncitþrbs;Gñk

déT .

bTfa bsS buBaØanM vi)akM ¬GeBa¢IjemIlplbuNü KW karfVay

sMBt;enaHcuH¦ esckþIfa eTvFItasresIrsm,tþ iEdlxøÜn)an eTIb

eBalfa {GeBa¢ IjemIlplénkarfVaysMBt;d¾l¥dUecñHcuH} .

Baküfa bubötþmTayika ¬)anfVaypáaeQId¾l¥¦ )andl; fVay

páaeQId¾l¥elIs edIm,IbUCaRBHrtnRt½y . Kb,IRCabfa Baküfa

Kn§út þmTayika ¬)anfVayeRKÓgRkGUbd¾]tþm¦ k¾manesckþId UcKña .


kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Kb,IRCabfa páaeQId¾l¥ )andl; páamø iHCaedIm .

rbs;RkGUbd¾]tþm )andl; cnÞRkGUbCaedIm . EpøeQId¾l¥ )andl;

EpøxñúrCaedIm . Gaharmanrs;d¾l¥ )andl; TwkedaHføalayedayTwk

edaHeKasuT§CaedIm .

Baküfa Kn§bBa©gÁ úlikM ¬kareR)aHRBMedayeRKÓgRkGUb¦ )an

dl; fVaykareR)aHRBMedayrbs;RkGUb . Baküfa ksSbsS PK-

veta fUbsµw ¬Rtg;RBHsßÚbrbs;RBHksSbsmµasm<úT§¦ )andl; RBH

sßÚbmaskMBs; 1 eyaCn_ bBa© úHRBHbrmFaturbs;RBHksSbsmµa-

sm<úT § .

Baküfa bnßbdibenñ ¬edIrpøÚvq¶ay¦ )andl; edIreTAtampøÚv .

Baküfa ÉkUe)asfM ¬]e)asfGs;éf¶mYyyb;mYy¦ )andl; rkSa

]e)asfGs;mYyéf¶ .

Baküfa ]TkmTasw ¬)anfVayTwk¦ )andl; nag´)anfVay

TwkeRbIR)as TwksRmab;x<úrmat; nigTwksRmab;qan; .

Baküfa cNÐiek ¬Gñkkac¦ )andl; kacGaRkk; . Baküfa


GnusSúyüika ¬minKitGaRkk;¦ )andl; evorcakkar\sSa . Baküfa

brkámµkarI ¬CaRsIbeRmI TTYlkéRmeFVIkic©kargarrbs;CndéT¦ )andl;

GñkbeRmIeFV Ikargar[GñkdéT . Baküfa Getßn ¬kñ úgkargarEdlCa

RbeyaCn_¦ )andl; kñúgkic©karEdlCaRbeyaCn_ . Baküfa sMviPa-

KinI skásS PaKsS ¬CaGñkEckrMElknUvcMENkrbs;xøÜn¦ )andl;

manRbRktIEckcMENkEdlxøÜn)an dl;GñkmanesckþIRtÚvkar .

Baküfa xIeraTkM ¬)aylayedayTwkRss;¦ )andl; )ay

layedayTwkedaHRss; b¤)ayCamYyTwkedaHRss; . Baküfa ti-

m<rUskM ¬EpøTnøab;TM u¦ )andl; EpøTnøab; . vlø×mYyRbePTRsedog

«Lwk eQµaHfa tim<r Us³ ¬EpøTnøab;¦ . elakehAEpørbs;tim<rUs³

enaHfa tim<r usk³ .

bTfa kkáarikM ¬EpøRtsk;¦ )andl; EpøRtsk;tUc² Gacarü

BYkxøHeBalfa )andl; «Lwk . bTfa htßb,tabkM ¬c®gáansRmab;

kMedAéd¦ )andl; eCIgRkan ¬Edldak;FüÚg¦ . Baküfa Gm<kBa© ik M

¬bEnøRCk;¦ )andl; Twk)ayrsCUr . Baküfa eTaNinimµC¢nw ¬RKab;


l¶buk¦ )andl; RKab;l¶bukpSMedayeRbgTwkl¶ . Baküfa viFUbnM

ERbfa pø itmanRCúg 4 . Baküfa talbNÑM ¬pø wtsøwketñat¦ )an

dl; pø wteFVIedaysøwketñat . Baküfa emarhtßM ¬pø wtknÞúyek¶ak¦

)andl; pø wteFV IedayknÞúyek¶ak .

Baküfa sVaKtM vt em ¬´mkl¥ehIy¦ esckþIfa ´mkkñúg

TIenH l¥Bit l¥RbesIr . Baküfa GC¢ subPatM suhudæitM ¬éf¶enH>>>

CabJkSl¥ yaml¥¦ )andl; éf¶enH bJkSl¥ yaml¥)anekIteLIgdl;

´kñúgeBlyb; sUm,IeRkakGMBIdMeNkk¾manbJkSl¥ KW eRkakeLIgeday

l¥ . sYrfa eRBaHehtuGV I RBHmhastVeTIbeBaly:agenaH? eqø Iy

fa eRBaHehtuEdl)aneXIjeTBFItaTaMgenaH .

Baküfa FmµM sutVan ¬)ansþab;Fm’¦ esckþIfa )ansþab;Fm’

EdlCakuslEdlBYkeTvta)aneFVITuk eRBaHeXIjc,as;dl;plkmµ .

bTfa kahami esµIn wg krisSami ¬´nwgeFV I¦ . bTfa smcriyay

¬edaykarRbRBwtþFm’esµI¦ )andl; edaykarRbRBwtþsucritEdlCakar

RbRBwtþl¥pøÚvkay . Baküfa sBaØemn ¬edaykarsRgÜm¦ )andl;


edaykarsRgÜmkñúgsIl . Baküfa Temn ¬edayTUnµan\®nÞiy¦ )an

dl; edaykarTUnµan\®nÞIy_ mancitþCaTI 6 . \LÚvenH RBHmhastV

edIm,InwgsMEdg[RCabfa kuslenaH nigelakrbs;xøÜnCa]bnisS½y

énvivdþ³ ¬niBVan¦ eTIbeBalfa sVahM ttß KmisSami ytß Knþ%a n

esacer ¬´nwg)aneTAkan;sßanTIEdleTAehIyminesayesak¦ .

sUm,Ifa esckþI ¬énerOg¦ EdleBalmkenH rYmyk 36 viman

manvtßútþmTayikavimanCaedImTukpg eBalfa eTBFIta)anR)ab;dl;

KutþilGacarü dUc ¬)anR)ab;dl;¦ RBHmhaemaKÁløan eRBaHehtuenaH

eTIbcat;cUlkñúgKutþilvimanenaHÉg . EtCavimanTak;Tgnwg®sþI eRBaH

ehtuenaH eTIbcat;cUlkñúg \tßIv iman dUcKña .

mYyeTot Kb,IRCabfa ®sþITaMgenaH kñúgkalsasnarbs;RBH

TsBlRBHnamfa ksSb³ )anRtac;eTAkñ úgeTvelakGs;mYyBuT§nþr

taMgBIGtþPaBTI 2 edayectnaEdlekItCab;tKñamkkñúgkarRbRBwtþFm’

dUc)aneBalehIy luHmkdl;sasnarbs;RBHmanRBHPaKrbs;eyIg

TaMgLay ®sþITaMgenaH)anekItkñúgPBtavRtwgSenaHeTot RtÚvRBHmha-


emaKÁløansYrbBaða ®sþITaMgenaHk¾)aneqø IybBaða dUcCakñ úgevlaEdl

Kutþ ilGacarüsYr eRBaHCaplkmµEdlRsedogKña .

cb;Gdækfa KutþilvimanTI 5

3

-367- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ TTÞløv imansURtTI 6

Gdðkza TTÞløvimanTI 6

{eBalGMBIvimand¾rugerOg}

[34] TTÞløvimanmanBaküepþ Imfa TTÞlømana veNÑn ¬nag

rugerOgvNÑ³¦ TTÞløvimanenaHekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHd¾manRBHPaK Rbfab;enAkñ úgvtþeCtBnmhavihar Garam

rbs;GnafbiNÐikesdæI CitRkúgsavtßI . k¾sm½yenaH kudum< ik³mñak;

Ca]bdæakrbs;RBHervtetßr ecjcaknalkRKam manFIta 2 nak; .

mñak;eQµaH PTÞa mñak;eToteQµaH suPTÞa . kñúgFIta 2 nak;enaH

nagPTÞaeTAkan;RtkUlsVamI nagmansT§aRCHføa Qøasév EtCaRsI

Ga . nagPTÞaniyaycMeBaHsVamIfa {´manb¥ÚnRsImñak;eQµaH suPTÞa

bgeTAnaMeKmkcuH RbsinebIb¥ÚnsuPTÞaenaHmanbuRt buRtenaHk¾nwgCa

buRtrbs;´Edr nigvgSRtkUlenHk¾nwgminsUnü} . sVamITTYlBakü

ehIy)aneFV ItamEdlPriyaR)ab; .

eBlenaH nagPTÞa)anTUnµannagsuPTÞafa {b¥ÚnsuPTÞa b¥ÚnRtÚv

eRtkGrkñ úgkarEckTan kuMRbmaTkñ úgkarRbRBwtþFm’ edayGakary:ag


enH RbeyaCn_kñúgbc©úb,nñ nigsm,rayPB k¾nwgenAkñúgkNþab;édrbs;

b¥ ÚnedayBit} . nagsuPTÞataMgenAkñúg»vaTrbs;bgRsI bdibtþ itam

EdlbgRsITUnµan éf¶mYynagnimnþRBHervt³CaGgÁTI 8 . RBHefr³

R)afña[suPTÞasnSMbuNü eTIbnaMPikçú 7 rUbeTot edaynimnþGMBIsgÇ

eTApÞHrbs;nag . nagsuPTÞamancitþRCHføa GegáósRBHervt³ nigPikçú

TaMgenaH edayrbs;TMBar nigrbs;briePaKedayédrbs;xø ÜnÉg .

RBHefr³eFV IGnuemaTnaehIyRtLb;eTA . RKatmk nagsuPTÞasøab;

k¾)aneTAekItCamYyBYkeTvtaCan;nimµartI . cMENknagPTÞa)an[Tan

cMeBaHbuKÁl eTIb)aneTAekItCabricarikarbs;esácská³ .

RKaenaH suPTÞaeTvFItaBicarNadl;sm,tþ irbs;xøÜn RtiHriHfa

{eyIgmkekItkñúgsYK’enHedaybuNüGVIhñ +} eXIjfa {eyIgtaMgenAkñúg

»vaTrbs;bgRsIPTÞaeTIb)ansm,tþienH edayTkçiNaEdlbMNgkñúg

sgÇ bgRsIPTÞaeTAekItkñúgTINa?} )aneXIjnagPTÞaenaHeTAekItCa

bricarikarrbs;esþcská³ bMNgnwgGnueRKaH eTIbcUleTAkan;viman

rbs;PTÞaeTBFIta .

-369- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ TTÞløvimansURtTI 6

PTÞaeTBFItasYrsuPTÞaeTBFIta eday 2 Kafafa

nagrugerOgedayvNÑ³ TaMgCaGñkrugerOgeday

ys rugerOgknøgeTvtaCan;tavtwgSTaMgGs; eday

vNÑ³ ´minFøab;eXIjnag eTIbnwgeXIjCaelIkdMbUg

nagmkGMBIeTvelakCan;Na )anCamkehA´eday

eQµaHedImhñ+ ?

nagsuPTÞaeTBFItaeTIbR)ab;dl;nagPTÞaeTBFIta eday 2 Kafa

fa

bgPTÞa ´eQµaHsuPTÞa kñúgPBmun kalenA

CamnusS ´)anCab¥ ÚnRsIrbs;bg TaMgFøab;)anCa

PriyarYmsVamICamYyKña ´søab;GMBImnusSelakenaH

putmkehIy )anmkekItCaeTBFItarYmCamYyBYkeTB

Can;nimµanrtI .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa veNÑn ¬edayvNÑ³¦ )andl;

sm,tþi manvNÑ³CaedIm . Baküfa TsSnM naPiCanami ¬´minFøab;


eXIjnag¦ )andl; ´minFøab;eXIjnagmkGMBImunenH . GFib,ay

fa ´minFøab;eXIjnag . dUcEdlPTÞaeTBFIta eBalfa \TM bzm-

TsSnM ¬eTIbnwgeXIjCadMbUg¦ . bTfa ksµa kaya nu GaKmµ

naemn Pases mmM ¬nagmkGMBIeTvelakCan;Na )anmkehA´

edayeQµaHedImhñ+¦ esckþIfa nagmkGMBIeTvelakCan;Na eTIbehA

´kñúgnamfa PTÞa .

Baküfa PeTÞ ¬bgPTÞa¦ kñúgBaküfa GhM PeTÞ enH CaGal-

bn³ . Baküfa suPTÞasw ¬eQµaHfasuPTÞa¦ esckþIfa ´eQµaHsuPTÞa

Føab;Cab¥ÚnRsIrbs;bg . GFib,ayfa kñúgPBkalenACamnusS b¥Ún

CaPriyarYmsVamICamYybg KW CaPriyamansVamIEtmYy .

PTÞaeTBFItasYrteTAeday 3 Kafafa

EnnagsuPTÞa sUmnag)anR)ab;kar]b,tþirbs;

nag kñúgBYkeTvtaCan;nimµanrtI EdlCaTIEdlstV

Gñk)ansnSMbuNükuslTukeRcIn ehIyeTIb)aneTA

ekIt .


nag)aneTAekItkñ úgTIenaH eRBaHeFV IesckþIl¥

GVI nignrNaCaGñkTUnµannag EdlCaGñkrugerOgeday

ys

sUm,Iys nigesckþIv iessd¾FMdUecñH eRBaH

)an[Tan nigRbRBwtþvtþd¾l¥y:agNa EneTBFIta

´sYrnagehIy cUreqøIyR)ab;´pgfa enHCaplén

kmµGV I ?

suPTÞaeTBFItaeqø Iyfa

kalCatimun ´mancitþRCHføa )anfVaybiNÐ-

)at 8 sRmab; dl;RBHsgÇCaTkç ieNyübuKÁl

edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xøÜn eRBaHbuNüenaH ´eTIbman

vNÑ³dUecñH nigvNÑ³rbs;´k¾Pø Wc,as;sBVTis .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa bhUtktklüaNa et eTev ynþi

¬kñúgBYkeTvtaCan;nimµanrtI EdlCaTIEdlstVGñk)ansnSMbuNükusl

TukeRcInehIyeTIbeTAekIt¦ esckþIfa stVTaMgLay ¬éxBakü )aNi-


ena = stþa¦ snSMbuNükuslTukeRcIn KW manbuNüeRcIn eTIb)an

eTAekIt KW eTAekItkñúgsYK’Can;nimµanrtI . P¢ab;esckþIfa nagcUrR)ab;

kar]b,tþ irbs;xø Ünkñ úgrvageTvtaBYknimµanrtITaMgLayNa .

Baküfa ekn veNÑn ¬eRBaHeFVIesckþIl¥GVITuk¦ )andl; eRBaH

ehtuGVI . Év sBÞ kñúgBaküfa kITiesenv Casmuc©ytß³ ¬rYmesckþI

esµIn wg c sBÞ¦ )andl; kITiesn c ¬nig>>> dUcemþc¦ )alICa

kITIesn c k¾man . Baküfa suBVetn ¬RbRBwtþvtþd¾l¥¦ )andl;

manvtþl¥ . GFib,ayfa mansIlbrisuT§y:agl¥ .

bTfa Gedæv biNÐ)atani ¬biNÐ)at 8 sRmab;¦ . suPTÞa-

eTBFItaeBalsMedAdl;biNÐ)atEdlfVaydl;Pikçú 8 rUb . Baküfa

GTTM esµIn wg GTasw ¬)anfVay¦ .

kalsuPTÞaeTBFItaR)ab;y:agenHehIy PTÞaeTBFItaeTIbsYr

teTAeTotfa

bgmancitþRCHføa )anGgÁasRBHPikçúTaMgLay

GñksRgÜm\®nÞ iy GñkRbRBwtþRBhµcriyFm’ [Eq¥t


sáb;sál; eday)ay nigTwk edayédTaMg 2 rbs;

xø ÜneRcInCagnag .

bg[TaneRcInCagnag EtRtLb;ekItkñ úgBYk

eTvtaCan;TabCag cMENknag)anfVayTantictYc

EtehtuGV IeTIbdl;nUvPaBviess FMTUlaydUecñHhñ+

EneTBFIta ´sYrnagehIy emtþaR)ab;´pgfa enH

enHCaplénkmµGVI .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa tya ¬Cagnag¦ CattiyaviPtþi

eRbIkñ úgGtßbBa©mIviPtþ i .

suPTÞaeTBFIta)anR)ab;dl;kmµEdlxøÜneFV IeTotfa

kalCatimun ´)aneXIjRBHPikçúCaTIceRmIn

citþ eTIb)annimnþelak KW RBHervt³rYmCamYyPikçú

déTKMrb; 8 rUb [qan;Ptþahar .

RBHervt³bMNgnwg[ekItRbeyaCn_ edIm,I

GnueRKaHdl;´ eTIbR)ab;´fa cUrfVaysgÇcuH ´)an


eFV ItamBakürbs;elak .

TkçiNaenaHeTIbCasgÇTan manplrkRbmaN

min)an cMENkTanEdlbgfVaycMeBaHbuKÁlenaHman

plmineRcIn .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa menaPavnIeya ¬GñkceRmIncitþ¦

)andl; júaMgcitþ[ceRmIn KW KYrRCHføa eRBaHmanKuNéRkElg .

Baküfa snÞiedæa ¬)aneXIj¦ )andl; [dwg KW eBalR)ab;eday

karnimnþ . eRBaHehtuenaH suPTÞaeTBFItaeTIbeBalfa tahM Petþn

nimenþsw ervtM GtþndæmM ¬eTIb)annimnþRBHervtetßrrYmTaMgPikçúdéTCa

KMrb; 8 rUb [qan;Ptþahar¦ esckþIfa ´nimnþelakm©as;ervt³Gñk

ceRmIncitþenaH rYmTaMgPikç úCaKMrb; 8 rUb[qan;Ptþahar .

bTfa esa em Gtßbuerkçaera ¬RBHervtetßrenaHbMNgnwg[

ekItRbeyaCn_ edIm,IGnueRKaHdl;´¦ esckþIfa elakm©as;ervt³enaH

R)afña[ekItRbeyaCn_ KW EsVgrkRbeyaCn_edIm,I´ edaykareFVITan

EdlmanpleRcIn . bTfa segÇ eThIti mM Geva c ¬eTIbR)ab;


´fa cUrfVaysgÇcuH¦ esckþIfa elakm©as;ervt³)anR)ab;´fa {mñal

suPTÞa RbsinebInagR)afñanwgfVayTandl;Pikçú 8 rUbesat k¾cUrfVay

kñúgsgÇcuH KW cUrfVaycMeBaHsgÇcuH eRBaHkarfVayTanEdlRbRBwtþ

eTAkñúgsgÇmanpleRcInCag karfVayTanEdlRbRBwtþeTAkñúgbuKÁl} .

Baküfa tM KW TanenaH .

kalsuPTÞaeTBFItaeBaly:agenHehIy PTÞaeTBFItakalnwg

TTYlesckþIenaH nigbMNgnwgbdibtþiy:agenaHkñúgevlateTA eTIb)an

eBalKafafa

bgeTIbnwgdwgkñúgeBlenHÉgfa karfVay

sgÇTanenHmanpleRcIn RbsinebIbg)aneTAekIt

CamnusSeTot nwgCaGñkdwgesckþIbMNgrbs;GñksUm

CaGñkR)ascakesckþIk MNaj; fVaysgÇTan nig

minRbmaTCanic© .

cMENksuPTÞaeTBFIta k¾RtLb;eTAkan;eTvelakrbs;xø Ün .

lMdab;enaH esþcskácmeTBTtRBHenRteXIjsuPTÞaeTBFItarugerOg


RKbsgát;BYkeTvtatavtwgSTaMgGs;edayrsµIénsrIr³ nigRTg;sþab;

karsnÞnarbs;eTBFItaTaMg 2 kalsuPTÞaeTBFIta)at;eTA kñ úgmYy

rMeBcenaH kalminTan;dwgeQµaH eTIbRtas;sYrPTÞaeTBFItafa

EnnagPTÞa eTBFItaGñkmksnÞnaCamYynag

CanrNa TaMgmanrsµIr ugerOgCageTvtaCan;tavtwgS

TaMgGs;pg ?

nagPTÞaeTBFItaeTIbTUlcMeBaHesþcská³fa

bBiRtRBHGgÁCacmeTB eTBFItaenaH kal

CatimunRKaCamnusSenAkñúgPBmnusS Cab¥ÚnRsIrbs;

´ nigCaPriyarYmsVamICamYyKña nagsnSMbuNü KW

fVaysgÇTan eTIb)anrugerOgy:agenH .

RKaenaH esþcská³kalnwgsresIrsgÇTanmanpleRcIn eTIb

Rtas;fa

EnnagPTÞa b¥ÚnRsIrbs;nagrugerOgCagnagk¾

eRBaHehtukñúgkalmun )anfVayTkçiNaTankñ úgsgÇ


EdlminGacnwgRbmaNpl)an .

EdlBit ´)anTUlsYrRBHBuT§ kalRBHGgÁ

Rbfab;enAPñ MK iCÄkUd dl;pléneTyüFm’Edl)an

cat;EcgfVayfa kñ úgbuBaØextþNaeTIbmanpleRcIn

kalmnusSTaMgLayR)afñabuNü [TanehIy

eFV IbuNüedIm,IRbeyaCn_kñ úgkarvilekItvilsøab; eFV I

buNükñúgbuBaØextþNa eTIbmanpleRcIn .

RBHBuT§RTg;RCabkmµ nigplénkmµedayRBH

GgÁÉg Rtas;tbesckþIenaHdl;´y:agCak;c,as;nUv

pléneTyüFm’ Edl)ancat;EcgfVaykñúgbuBaØextþ

Na EdlbuKÁl[ehIynwgmanpleRcInenaHfa

KW elakEdlbdibtþ ied Im,IGriymKÁ 4 CMBUk

nigelakEdltaMgenAkñúgGriypl 4 CMBUk RBHG-

riybuKÁl 8 CMBUkenH eQµaHfa RBHsgÇ CaGñk

bdibtþ iRtg; taMgenAkñ úgbBaØa nigsIl .


kalmnusSTaMgLayGñkR)afñabuNü [Tan

ehIy eFVIbuNüedIm,IRbeyaCn_kñúgkarvilsøab;v il

ekIt TanEdlfVaykñúgsgÇrEmgmanpleRcIn .

eRBaHfa RBHsgÇenHCaGñkéRkElgvisal

RbmaNmin)anfab:ueNÑH dUcsmuRTlM)aknwgkMNt;

)anfa manTwkRbmaNb:ueNÑH² RBHsgÇTaMgenHÉg

CaGñkRbesIrbMput CasavkGñkmanesckþIBüayam

kñúgBYknrCn CaGñksagnUvBnøW naMykRBHsT§mµmk

R)ab; .

CnBYkNafVayTan]TÞisRBHsgÇ TkçiNa

rbs;CnBYkenaH eQµaHfa CaTkç iNaEdltmál;maM

RbRBwtþeTAkñúgsgÇmanpleRcIn EdlGñkdwgc,as;

elaksresIrehIy .

CnGñkmkrBJkdl;buNüdUecñH)an ekItesa-

mnsS km©at;mnÞil KW esckþIkMNaj;RBmTaMgbJs-


Kl;ecj)an Rtac;eTAkñ úgelak minRtÚvGñkR)aCJ

tiHedol eTIbcUldl;sßanTIEdlCaEdnsYK’ .

kñúgbTTaMgenaH Baküfa Femµn ¬eRBaHehtu¦ )andl; eday

ehtu b¤edaykarBal;RtÚv . Baküfa tya ¬Cagnag¦ CattiyaviPtþi

cuHkñúgGtßénbBa©mIviPtþi . \LÚvenH esþcská³edIm,InwgRTg;sMEdgdl;

ehtuEdleBalfa Femµn ¬eRBaHehtu¦ enaHeTIbRtas;fa yM sgÇsµw

Gb,emeyü btidæaebsi TkçiNM ¬)anfVayTkçiNaTankñúgsgÇminGac

nwgRbmaNpl)an¦ . Baküfa Gb,emeyü ¬EdlminGacnwgRbmaN

pl)an¦ )andl; EdlminGacKNnaedayGMNacénKuNanuPaB nig

pld¾viessénskáar³EdlfVaykñúgxø Ün)an .

esþcská³kalnwgRTg;sMEdgfa {eyIgsþab;esckþIenHcMeBaH

RBHP®kþ nigTTYlmkcMeBaHRBHP®kþrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK} eTIbRtas;

Baküfa EdlBit ´)anTUlsYr CaedIm . kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Bakü

fa yCmananM ¬[TanehIy¦ )andl; [ehIy . elakeFV Ikarlub

niKÁhitkñúgBaküfa buBaØebkçan )aNinM mann½yfa rbs;stVTaMgLay


GñksgÇwmplénbuNü . kñúgBaküfa »bFikM ¬EdlCaRbeyaCn_

kñúgkarvilvl;kñúgsøab;ekIt¦ xn§TaMgLay eQµaHfa ]bFi/ eQµaHfa

»bFik³ eRBaHsagxn§TaMgLayCaRbRktI b¤xVl;xVay[ekItxn§ )an

dl; [ekItGtþPaB KW [vi)akRbRBwtþeTAkñ úgbdisn§i .

Baküfa CanM kmµplM skM ¬RTg;RCabkmµ nigplénkmµeday

RBHGgÁÉg¦ )andl; RTg;dwgbuNü nigplénbuNürbs;stVTaMgLay

edayRBHGgÁÉg dUcEpøknþ ÜtéRBenAelI)atRBHhsß . b¤bTfa skM

¬edayRBHGgÁÉg¦ elakpøas; y GkSr Ca k GkSr . GFib,ay

fa edayRBHGgÁÉg .

Baküfa bdibnña ¬elakGñkbdibtþi¦ )andl; bdibtþiehIy .

GFib,ayfa taMgenAkñ úgmKÁ . Baküfa ]CuPUeta ¬elakGñkbdibtiþ

Rtg;¦ )andl; TkçieNyübuKÁl Gñkdl;PaBCaGñkRtg;edaykarbdi-

btþiRtg; . Baküfa bBaØasIlsmahieta ¬taMgenAkñúgbBaØa nig

sIl¦ )andl; taMgmaMehIyedaybBaØa nigsIl . CaGñkdl;RBm

edayTidæ i nigsIl KW RbkbehIyedayGriyTidæi nigedayGriy-


sIl . elakbgðajdl;PaBCasgÇfñak;kMBUlénGñkdl;RBmeday

Tidæ i nigsIl edayBaküfa CaGñkbdibtþ iRtg; enaH . k¾eQµaHfa

sgÇ eRBaHbnþKñamkedayTidæi nigsIlesµIKña . mü:ageTot citþtaMg

maMehIy CasmaFi . eQµaHfa taMgmaMehIykñúgbBaØa nigsIl eRBaH

manbBaØa sIl nigsmaFi . elakbgðajdl;PaBCaTkçieNyübuKÁl

rbs;sgÇenaH eRBaHCaGñkdl;RBmehIyedayéRtsikça mansIl-

sikçaCaedIm edayBaküfa taMgmaMehIykñúgbBaØa nigsIl enaH .

Baküfa vibuela mhKÁeta ¬CaGñkéRkElgd¾FMT Ulay¦ )an

dl; eQµaHfa éRkElg eRBaHRBHsgÇdl;PaBCaGñkFMéRkElgeday

KuNTaMgLay . eQµaHfa FMTUlay eRBaHCaehtuénskáar³Edl

fVayTankñúgelakmanpld¾FMTUlay . Baküfa ]TFIv saKera ¬dUc

CasaKrEdlnwgKNna)anfa manTwkb: ueNÑH²¦ esckþIfa RBHsgÇ

enaH eBaledayKuNrkGVIeRbóbpÞwmmin)an dUcsaKrEdleQµaHfa

smuRT ¬]TFi¦ eRBaHCaTIRTRTg;TuknUvTwk rab;cMnYnTwkmin)anfa man

RbmaNbu:eNÑH² GaL`k³ . hi sBÞ kñúgBaküfa Éet hi Cani)at


eRbIkñ úgGtßhamesckþIdéT . manesckþIesµIKñanwg Éet Év esdæa

¬RBHsgÇTaMgenHbu:eNÑaHCaGñkRbesIrbMput¦ . smdUcEdlRBHman-

RBHPaKRTg;Rtas;fa {mñalPikçúTaMgLay BYkkþI KN³kþI tfaKteBal

fa sgÇEdlCasavkrbs;tfaKt CaGñkRbesIrCagBYk b¤KN³TaMg

enaH} . Baküfa nrvIrsavka¬1¦ ¬CasavkGñkmanesckþIBüayamkñúg

BYknrCn¦ )andl; savkrbs;RBHBuT§GñkmanesckþIBüayamkñúgBYk

nrCnTaMgLay . Baküfa bPgára ¬CaGñksagnUvBnøW¦ )andl; eFVI

Bnø W KW jaNdl;stVelak . Baküfa FmµmuTIrynþi¬2¦ ¬naMmk

RBHsT§mµmksMEdg¦ )andl; sMEdgFm’ . sYrfa y:agNa? eqøIy

fa dUcRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Cam©as;énFm’ RTg;RbtisæanBnø WénRBHFm’

TukehIykñúgGriysgÇ .

bTfa ey sgÇmuTÞisS TTnþi TanM ¬BYkCnNafVayTan]TÞis

sgÇ¦ esckþIfa stVBYkNafVayTan]TÞiscMeBaHGriysgÇ kñúgsmµti-

sgÇ sUm,IedayTIbMputeKaRtPUsgÇ eQµaHfa stVTaMgenaHtmál;Tan

bidk 1¦ nrvIr iysavka/ 2¦ FmµkfM ]TIrynþ i .


l¥ehIy . sUm,IkarbUCaedaykareKarB nigeRkakTTYl k¾CakarbUCa

l¥ehIy sUm,IbUCaedayeRKÓgbUCaFMk¾CakarbUCal¥ehIydUcKña . sYr

fa eRBaHehtuGVI? eqø Iyfa eRBaHTkç iNaenaHcat;CasgÇTanmanpl

eRcIn EdlRBHsmµasm<úT§RTg;sresIrehIy . GFib,ayfa RBHsmµa-

sm<úT §RTg;RCabc,as;elak RTg;sresIrdl;TanEdlmanpleRcIn

edayn½ymanCaGaT×fa {mñalGannÞ tfaKtmineBalfa )adibuKÁlik-

TanmanpleRcInCagsgÇTan edaybriyayNa² eLIy} nigfa

{sgÇTanCaRbFanénGñkR)afñabuNü RBHsgÇenaHÉgCaRbFanrbs;

GñkbUCa} nigfa {RBHsgÇCaERsbuNürbs;stVelak minmanERs

buNüdéTéRkElgCag} .

Baküfa ÉtaTisM buBaØmnusSrnþa ¬GñkmkkalrBJkdl;buNü

dUecñH¦ esckþIfa rBJkdl;TanEdlxøÜneFVIcMeBaHsgÇdUecñH . Baküfa

evTCata ¬ekItesckþIeRtkGr¦ )andl; manesamnsSekItehIy .

bTfa vienyü mecärmlM smUlM ¬kMcat;mnÞ il KW esckþI

kMNaj; RBmTaMgbJsecj)an¦ esckþIfa esckþIkMNaj; eQµaHfa


CamnÞil eRBaHeFVIcitþ[esAhµg . mYyeTot esckþIkMNaj;pg mnÞil

man\sSa elaP³ nigeTas³CaedImpg eQµaHfa mnÞil KW esckþI

kMNaj; . manBaküRbkbesckþIfa kMcat; KW naMecj )andl;

RKbsgát;mnÞil KW esckþIkMNaj; RBmTaMgbJsKl; eRBaHmanTaMg

bJsKl; dUcesckþImindwg esckþIsgS½y nigvibløasCaedImecj

)an CaGñkminRtÚvtiHedol rEmgcUldl;zan³ KW sYK’ . Baküd¾ess

mann½ydUceBalehIyenaHÉg .

k¾esþcskácmeTBRTg;R)ab;karRbRBwtþeTATaMgGs;enH dl;RBH

mhaemaKÁløan epþ ImtaMgGMBIBaküfa nagrugerOgedayvNÑ³ . RBH

mhaemaKÁløan ¬naMmk¦ RkabTUlcMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaK . RBHman-

RBHPaKRTg;eFVIesckþIenaH[CaehtuekIt ehIyRTg;)ansMEdgFm’dl;

bris½TEdlRbCuMKña . eTsnaenaH)anCaRbeyaCn_dl;mhaCn eday

RbkardUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa TTÞløv iman TI 6

3

-385- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ essvtIv imansURtTI 7

Gdðkza essvtIvimanTI 7

{vimanrbs;®sþIeQµaHessvtI }

[35] essvtIviman manBaküepþImfa plikrCtehmCalcänñM

¬EneTBFIta Gatµa)aneXIjvimanrbs;nagenH EdlRbk;)aMgeday

Ekvplik RBmedaysMNaj;Cavikar³énR)ak; nigmas¦ . essvtI

vimanenaH ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rbfab;enAkñúgvtþeCtBnmhavihar CitRkúg

savtßI . sm½yenaH mankUnRbsaénRtkUlmñak;eQµaHfa essvtI

kñ úgRtkUlKhbtImhasalmYyenAnaLkRKam kñúgEdnmKF³ .

)anB¤fa nagessvtIenaH kaleKkMBugsagsßÚbmasRbmaN

1 eyaCn_ rbs;RBHmanRBHPaKRBHnamksSb³ nagenAekµg )aneTA

kan;TIsagectiyCamYymata sYrmatafa {Em: mnusSTaMgenHeFVIGV I?}

matatbfa {eKeFV I\dæmasedIm,IsagectiyNakUn} . ekµgRsI)an

sþab;dUecñaHk¾mancitþRCHføa R)ab;matafa {Em: Rtg;>krbs;kUnmaneRKÓg

Rbdab;ekµg² eFV Iedaymas kUnnwgfVayeRKÓgRbdab;enH edIm,Isag


ectIy_} . mataniyayfa {l¥ehIykUn cUrfVaycuH} eTIbedaHeRKÓg

Rbdab;GMBI>kRbKl;[dl;Cagmas eBalfa {ekµgRsIenHbric©aKeRKÓg

Rbdab;enH elakcUrdak;eRKÓgRbdab;enHpSMeFV I\dæcuH} . Cagmas)an

eFV ItamenaH . luHtmk ekµgRsIenaH)andl;nUvkmµ eRBaHbuNüenaH

Ég )aneTAekItkñúgeTvelak Rtac;eTAmkkñúgeTvelak luHdl;sasna

rbs;RBHmanRBHPaKéneyIg )anmkekItkñ úgnaLkRKam manGayu

)an 16 qñaMtamlMdab; .

éf¶mYy ekµgRsIenaH)anTTYlR)ak;Edlmata[eTA ¬Tijrbs;¦

eTIb)aneTApSarmYykEnøgedIm,ITijeRbg . k¾Rtg;pSarenaH butþkudum<ik³

mñak; CaGñkCMnYjkMBugCIkykmas R)ak; Ekvmutþa EkvmNId¾eRcIn

Edlbitakb;Tuk . edaykmøaMgkmµ eTIbeXIjsm,tþiEdlCIkeLIg

mkenaHCaek,Óg fµ nigRKÜsTaMgGs; tGMBIenaH eTIbnaMeTAKrTukmYy

kEnøg edIm,IsaksYrfa R)ak; nigmasCaedIm nwgCarbs;GñkmanbuNü

Emnb¤? .

lMdab;enaH ekµgRsIenaHeXIjQµÜjenaH eTIbsYrfa {ehtuGV I


eTIbykEkvrtn³mkKrTukRtg;pSary:agenHhñ+ KYrnaMeTArkSaTuky:ag

hµt;ct;minEmnb¤?} QµÜj)ansþab;dUecñaHehIy k¾Kitfa {ekµgRsIenH

CaGñkmanbuNüeRcIn rbs;TaMgGs;enH manR)ak;CaedImEdlekIteLIg

k¾edayGMNacbuNürbs;ekµgRsIenH RtLb;Carbs;mantémøsRmab;

eyIg eyIgnwgse®gÁaHekµgRsIenaH} eTIbeTArkmatarbs;ekµgRsI ehIy

sUmfa {cUr[ekµgRsIenHdl;buRtrbs;´cuH} ehIy[RTBüd¾eRcIn eFVI

BiFIGavahvivahmgÁl naMekµgRsIenaHmkkan;pÞHrbs;xø Ün .

tmk sVamI)aneXIjkarRbRBwtþl¥rbs;nag eTIbebIkXøaMgehIy

sYrfa {eXIjGVIkñ úgXøaMgenH} kalPriyaeqøIyfa {eXIjmas R)ak;

EkvmNI CaKMnr² Etmü:ag} eTIbeBalfa {rbs;Edl)anvinaseTA

edaykmøaMgkmµTaMgenHrbs;BYkeyIg ekItCarbs;viess edaybuNü

viessrbs;nag eRBaHdUecñaH taMgGMBIenHeTA cUrTTYlsm,tþiTaMgGs;

kñúgpÞHenHmñak;ÉgcuH ´nwgeRbIcMeBaHEtcMENkEdlnag[bu:eNÑaH} taMg

BIenaHmk CnTaMgLayeTIbehAekµgRsIenaHfa {essvtI} .

k¾sm½yenaH RBHFmµesnabtIsarIbuRtdwgfa xøÜnnwgGs;CIvit


eTIbKitfa {eyIgnwg[témøciBa© wmrkSadl;nagsarIRBahµNI EdlCa

matarbs;eyIgmun eTIbnwgbriniBVan} eTIbcUleTAKal;RBHmanRBHPaK

sUmGnuBaØatbriniBVan ehIy)ansMEdg)adiharüd¾FM tamRBHBuT§bBa¢a

sresIrRBHmanRBHPaKedaybTsresIr 1>000 bT ehIynimnþfy

eRkay EbrmuxmkrkRBHmanRBHPaKdrabdl;emIlmineXIj fVaybgÁM

mþgeTot EhhmeTAedayPikçúsgÇ ecjcakvihar [»vaTdl;PikçúsgÇ

ehIylYgelamRBHGannÞ [bris½T 4 RtLb; ehIyeTAkan;naLk-

RKamedaylMdab; [matataMgenAkñúgesatabtþipl evlaGruNrHeLIg

k¾briniBVanRtg;bnÞb;EdlelakekItenaHÉg . kalRBHsarIbutþbri-

niBVanehIy BYkeTvta nigmnusSTaMgLayeFVIskáar³sB knøgeTA

Gs; 7 éf¶ naMKñaksagcitkaFan kMBs; 100 htß edayRksña

nigeQIcnÞCaedIm .

nagessvtI)anRCabdMNwgkarbriniBVanrbs;RBHefr³ eTIbKit

fa eyIgnwgeTAbUCasB mann½yfa nwg[GñkbMerIkan;RbGb;dak;páaeQI

mas nigrbs;RkGUbeTApg eTIbeTAla«Bukekµk sUm,IRtÚv«Bukekµk

-389- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ essvtIvimansURtTI 7

eBalfa {kUnmanépÞeBaH ÉkñúgTIenaHmanmnusSeRcInkkkuj RKan;

EtbBa¢ÚnpáaeQI nigrbs;RkGUbeTAk¾)an cUrenAkñ úgpÞHenHcuH} nag

mansT§ad¾xøaMgkøa Kitfa sUm,IeyIgnwgsøab;k¾eTAkñúgTIenaH eyIgnwg

eTAeFVIskáar³bUCa[)an dUecñHehIy minsþab;Bakü«Bukekµk eTIbRBm

edayRsIbMerInaMKñaeTAkan;TIenaH QrRbNmüédbUCaedayrbs;RkGUb

nigpáaeQICaedIm .

dMrImYyk,alrbs;raCbriBarmkedIm,IbUCaRBHefr³ cuHeRbg )an

cUleTAkan;TIenaH kalmnusSeXIjdMrIenaHP½yxøacsøab; eTIbnaMKña

rt;eKc BBYkCn)anCan;nagessvtI nagRtÚvBYkmnusSCaeRcInCan;

eFV I[nagGs;CIvit . nagessvtIenaHkMBugeFV Iskáar³bUCa mancitþ

dl;RBmedayesckþIRCHføakñ úgRBHefr³ RKasøab;ehIy eTIbeTAekIt

kñ úgsYK’Can;tavtwgS manRsIGbSr 1>000 nak;Cabrivar .

kñúgrMeBcenaHÉg nagRkeLkemIlTiBVsm,tþ irbs;xø Ün Bica-

rNadl;ehtuénTiBVsm,tþienaHfa eyIg)ansm,tþienHedaybuNüGVIhñ+

luHeXIjkarbUCaskáar³EdlxøÜneFV IcMeBaHRBHefr³ eTIbmancitþRCHføa


kñúgRBHrtnRt½yéRkElgeLIg edIm,IeTAfVaybgÁMRBHsasþa eTIbRbdab;

ragkayedayeRKÓgRbdab;Tm¶n; 60 reTH EhhmeTAedayRsIGbSr

1>000 júaMgTisTaMg 10 [PøWsVagedayeTvbJT§id¾FM dUcRBHc®nÞ nig

RBHGaTitü mkRBmCamYyviman cuHcakviman QrpÁgGBa¢lIfVaybgÁM

RBHmanRBHPaK . xN³enaH RBHvgÁ Is³Kg;enACitRBHmanRBHPaK

eTIbRkabTUlRBHmanRBHPaKfa {bBiRtRBHmanRBHPaK ´RBHGgÁsUm

RbTanRBHGnuBaØatsYrdl;kmµEdleTvtaenH)aneFVITuk} RBHmanRBH-

PaKRtas;fa {vgÁIs³ cUrsYrbBaðaenaHcuH} . RKaenaH RBHvgÁIs³bMNg

nwgsYrdl;kmµEdleTBFItaenaH)aneFV IT uk munnwgsresIrvimanrbs;

eTBFItaenaH eTIbeBalfa

EneTBFIta Gatµa)aneXIjvimanrbs;nagenH

EdlRbk;)aMgedayEkvplik RBmTaMgsMNaj;R)ak;

nigmas manvikar³v iciRtKYrrIkray nimµitTuky:agl¥

manexøagTVarerayrayedayxSac;mas d¾s¥at .

vimanrbs;nagenH PøWTUeTAkñúgTisTaMg 10 dUc


RBHGaTitüB§d¾Gakas manrsµITaMgBan; kMcat;bg;nUv

ggwtkñ úgsrTkal mYyeTot vimanrbs;nagenH PøW

dUcGNþatePøWg EdlkMBugeqHkñ úgépÞemXevlayb;

vimanenHhak;dUcCaeFV IEkvEPñk [RsvaMg b¤

dUcCaepøkbenÞarlykñúgGakas KYrrIkray kgrMBg

edaysMeLgt®nþ I KW BiN sÁr Qig rKaMg b¤dUc

RBH\®nÞ sþu úksþmÖ y:agNa vimanrbs;nagenH k¾

dUecñaH

vimanenH eR)aHRBMeTAedaykøinRkGUbd¾]tþm

eRcInRbePT )andl; páabTum páakumuT páa]b,l

páaQUkexov páayufka páac,ar páanenag páasal-

RBwkS páaGesak rIksÁúHsÁay beBa©jkøinRkGUbQ¶úy

Q¶b; .

Ennagd¾manys RsHe)akçrNIEdlKYrrIkray

rugerOgeTAedayeQIRsl; xñúrsmør nigedImeQImankøin


RkGUb manTaMgltaCatibeBa©jkBaú © Mp áa sMyugcuH

R)akdesµIedaybNþajEkvmNI taMgeLIgsRmab;

nag .

mü:ageTot eQIpáa nigeQIEpøTaMgLay Edl

duHkñúgTwk nigduHelIeKak TaMgEdlmankñúgRsúkmnusS

nigminmankñúgRsúkmnusS sUm,IeQITiBVRbcaMzansYK’

TaMgGs; k¾manRBmRtg;TIenArbs;nag .

enHCaplénkarsRgÜm nigkarhVwkhat;kñúgGVI

eRBaHplénkmµGV I nageTIbmkekItkñúgvimanenH En

eTBFItaGñkmaneramEPñkl¥ cUrR)ab;plkmµEdleFVI

[nag)anvimanenHtamlMdab;cuH .

bNþaBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa plikrCtehmCalcänñM ¬Edl

Rbk;)aMgedayEkvplik RBmedaysMNaj;R)ak; nigmas¦ )andl;

Gatµa)aneXIj KW eXIjvimanRbk;)aMgedayEkvplik edaysMNaj;

R)ak; nigsMNaj;mas TaMgxageRkamxagelI Rbk;)aMgedayCuMvij


edayCBa¢a MgeFV IBIEkvplik nigedaysMNaj;eFV IGMBIR)ak; nigmas

manépÞviciRteRcIny:ag edayépÞmanBN’epSg² nigcat;EcgTuky:ag

Rss;s¥at . Baküfa surmµ M ¬KYr[rIkray¦ )andl; KYr[rIkray

edayl¥ . vimaneQµaHfa Bümð³ eRBaHCaTIenArbs;GñkRtÚvkarnwg

enA . )andl; TIenA ¬PB¦ . Baküfa etarNUbbnñM ¬manexøagTVar¦

)andl; RbkbexøagTVaredayEkv 7 Rbkar EdlviciRtedaypáaeQI

eRcInRbePT . mü:ageTot Baküfa etarN³ CaeQµaHrbs;exøagTVar

R)asaT . vimanenaH RbkbedayexøagTVarenaHEdlmankartak;Etg

y:agviciRteRcInCan; . Baküfa ruckubkiNÑM ¬erayrayeTAedayxSac;

mas¦ )andl; vimanmanTIlanerayrayeTAedayxSac;mas . Bit

Nas; BN’rbs;masdUcCaxSac; eTIbehAfa ruca . ruca enaHÉg

elakehAfa {ruck³} . Baküfa suPM ¬l¥s¥at¦ )andl; rEmgs¥at

b¤eQµaHfa l¥s¥at eRBaHrEmgPøWsVag . Baküfa vimanM ¬v iman¦

)andl; karrab;y:agx<s;bMput . GFib,ayfa FMedayxñat .

Baküfa Pati ¬rsµI¦ )andl; BnøW KW rugerOg . Baküfa nePv


surieya ¬dUcRBHGaTitüB§d¾Gakas¦ )andl; dUcRBHGaTitükñ úgépÞ

Gakas . Baküfa sreT ¬srTkal¦ )andl; kñúgsrTsm½y .

Baküfa temanueTa ¬kMcat;bg;nUvggwt)an¦ )andl; kMcat;PaBggwt .

Baküfa tfa tbtimiT M ¬mü:ageTot vimanrbs;nagenHrEmgrugerOg¦

esckþIfa vimanrbs;nagenHrugerOg KW PøWsVag dUcRBHGaTitümanrsµI

TaMgBan;kñ úgsrTkal . m GkSrCabTsn§i ¬m GaKm¦ . Baküfa

Clmiv FUmsiexa ¬dUcGNþatePø IgEdlkMBugeqH¦ )andl; dUcePøIg

eLIg . BitehIy ePøIg elakehAfa {FUmsix³ nigFUmektu} eRBaH

manEpSgR)akdRtg;kMBUlePø IgenaH . Baküfa nies ¬kñúgevlayb;¦

)andl; kñúgkNþalyb; . GFib,ayfa kñúgraRtI . Baküfa nPeKÁ

¬elIépÞemX¦ )andl; cMENkénemX . elakGFib,ayfa Rtg;

épÞGakas . )az³fa nKeKÁ ¬elIkMBUlPñM¦ k¾man . )anesckþIfa

vimanrbs;nagenH .

Baküfa mustI v nynM ¬dUcCakareFVIEPñk[caMg¦ esckþIfa

b:HxÞb;Bnø WehIyeFV I[emIlmineXIj eRBaHkarEcgcaMgd¾xøa Mgrbs;xø Ün


dUceFV IEPñkrbs;GñkemIl[RsvaMg edayehtuenaH elakeTIbeBal

fa setrta v ¬dUcepøkbenÞar¦ . GFib,ayfa dUcepøkbenÞar . bT

fa viNamurCsmµtaLXudæM ¬kgrMBgedaysMeLgt®nþI KW BiN sÁr

Qig nigrKaMg¦ )andl; KwkkgrMBgCasMeLgEtmYy edaysMeLg

BiNxñatFM sÁr Qig rKaMg . Baküfa \T§M ¬sþúksþm¦ )andl;

eRcIneTAedayeTvbutþ eTvFIta nigTiBVsm,tþi . bTfa \nÞburM yfa

¬dUcCaRBH\®nÞ¦ )andl; dUcsuTsSnnKr .

páabTum páakumuT páa]b,l páaQUkexov elakehArYmKñafa

bTumkumuT]b,lkuvlyM . Kb,IepþImBaküfa {manehIy} bEnßm .

kñúgBaküenaH sUm,IbuNÑrik ¬QUks¦ elakk¾eRbIsBÞfa páabTum .

páakumuTRKb;RbePTTaMgRbePTBN’s nigRkhm elakeRbIsBÞfa páa

kumuT . páa]b,lBN’Rkhm b¤páa]b,lRKb;RbePT elakeRbIsBÞ

fa páa]b,l . Kb,IRCabfa páaQUkexovenaHÉg elakeRbIsBÞ

fa kuvly³ . c sBÞ kñúgBaküfa eyafikBn§úkena Cka c snþi¬1¦

1¦ bidk = eyafika PNÐika ena Cka c snþ i .


Cani)at . GFib,ayfa manedImyufka edImc,ar nigedImnenag .

GacarüBYkxøHsURtfa GenaCkabi snþi ¬manpáanenag¦ ehIy[Bakü

GFib,ayfa manesckþIesµInwg páanenag k¾man . Baküfa sal-

kusumitbubäita Gesaka ¬páaraMg páaGesak rIksÁúHsÁay¦ Kb,IRbkb

fa páaraMg páaGaesak rIk dUecñH . Baküfa viv iFTumKÁsuKn§es-

vitmiTM ¬vimanenHeR)aHRBMedaykøinRkGUbd¾]tþmeRcInRbePT¦ esckþIfa

vimanrbs;nagenH eR)aHRBMpSayeTAedaykøinRkGUbénrukçCatid¾]tþm

eRcIny:ag .

bTfa sLllBuCPuCksMyutþa¬1¦ ¬erograyedayeQIRsl;

xñ úrsmør nigedImeQIkø inRkGUb¦ )andl; RbkbeTAedayeQIRsl;

xñúrsmør nigedImeQImankøinRkGUbEdlekItenARtg;mat;RcaMg . edIm

eQImankøinRkGUbmYyedIm eQµaH PuCk³ manenAkñ úgeTvelak nig

Pñ MKn§maTn_ . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa {minmankñ úgTIdéT} Baküfa

kusuksupuløitltavlm<inIhi ¬RbkbedayeQImanxøwmxageRkA nigvløi

1¦ bidk = slLlBuCsuCksMyutþa .


r IksÁúHsÁaysMyutcuH¦ )anesckþIfa Rbkbedays,Úv ¬esµAkus³¦

nigvløi EdlmanpáarIksÁúHsÁay EdlsMyugcuHmkGMBIBUCRtkUlesµA

manedImetñat nigedImdUgCaedIm . Baküfa mNiCalsTisa ¬R)akd

esµIedaybNþajénEkvmNI¦ )andl; manExSTwkdUcCabNþajEkv-

mNI . )alIfa mNiClsTisa ¬RsedognwgFñarEkvmNI¦ k¾man .

GFib,ayfa manRkEsTwkdUcCaEkvmNI . Baküfa yssSinI ¬En

nagGñkmanys¦ CaBaküehAeTBFIta . Baküfa ]bdæita et ¬taMg

eLIgsRmab;nag¦ esckþIfa RsHe)akçrNIEdlKYrrIkraymanKuNtémø

tameBalehIy taMgenAkñ úgTICitvimanrbs;nag .

Baküfa ]Tkruha ¬ekItkñúgTwk¦ RBHvgÁIsetßr³eBalsMedAdl;

páabTumCaedIm dUcEdleBalehIy . Baküfa eytßi kat;bTCa

ey Gtßi . Baküfa flCa ¬ekItelIeKak¦ )andl; edImyufka

CaedIm . Baküfa ey c snþi ¬manehIy¦ )andl; edImeQIsUm,I

déTEdlmanpáa nigEpø . edImeQIsUm,ITaMgenaH manenACitvimanrbs;

nag .


bTfa kisS sMymTmsS GyM vi)aeka ¬enHCaplénkar

sRgÜm nigkarTUnµandUcemþc¦ esckþIfa enHCaplrbs;karsRgÜm

dUcemþc kñúgkarsRgÜmpøÚvkayCaedIm enHCaplénkarTUnµandUcemþc

kñ úgkarTUnµan\®nÞ Iy_CaedIm . Baküfa eknasi ¬eRBaHplénkmµGV I¦

)andl; kmµEdleFVI[mkekIt ¬kñúgTIenH¦ k¾man EdleFVI[ekItesckþI

suxedayeRKÓg]bePaKk¾man eRBaHehtuenaH RBHvgÁIsetßreBalfa

eRBaHplénkmµGV I nageTIbmkekItkñ úgv imanenH ehIyeBalteTAfa

¬sUmcUrR)ab;¦ plkmµEdleFVI[nag)anvimanenH . kñúgBaküTaMgenaH

Baküfa kmµpeln ¬plkmµ¦ mann½yCa edayplkmµEdlepþImnwg

[pl . Baküfa kmµpeln enH CattiyaviPtþ icuHkñúglkçN\tßmÖÚ

¬man/ eday/ TaMg¦ . Baküfa tTnubTM Gvcasi ¬sUmcUrR)ab;pl-

kmµtamlMdab;pgcuH¦ esckþIfa sUmnagcUrR)ab;dl;kmµenaHeTAtam

lMdab; KW tamsmKYrdl;erOgra:vEdlGatµasYrpgcuH . Baküfa

GLarbemð ¬EneTBFItaGñkmaneramEPñkl¥¦ )andl; maneramEPñk

Rkas; . GFib,ayfa maneramEPñkdUceramEPñkeKa .


lMdab;enaH eTBFItaeBalfa

k¾vimanEdl´)anehIyenH manhVÚgstVeRkól

ek¶ak nigman;eTar ERskyMRtac;eTAmk manTaMg

stVrMeB nigraChgSmasEdlCabkSITiBVehIreTAmk

nigKwkkgeTAedaystVcegáólxüg nigtaev :A

manTaMgltaCati eQIpáa eQIedIm epSg²

eRcIny:ag manedImRcenog edImRBIg edImGesak

bBiRtelakm©as;d¾ceRmIn ´)anvimanenHedayehtu

Na ´nwgtMNalehtuenaHRbeKn nimnþsþab;cuH

bBiRtelakm©as;d¾ceRmIn manRsúkmYyeQµaH

naLkRKam taMgenAkñúgTisxagekIt rbs;EdnmKF³

kñúgCatimun ´CakUnRbsakñúgRsúkenaH RbCaCnkñúg

RsúkenaHehA´fa essvtI

´mancitþRCHføa )anbUCapáacMeBaHRBHFmµes-

nabtI namfa ]btisS³ CaGñkKYreKarBEdlQøas


kñúgGtß nigFm’ CaTIbUCarbs;eTvta nigmnusSTaMg

Lay CabuKÁld¾FM CaGñkrlt;ehIy GñkeRcIneTA

eday KW esckþIl¥RbmaNmin)an

luH´bUCaPikç úGñkdl;nUvbrmKti GñkRTRTg;

ragkaykñúgCatiCaTIbMput GñkEsVgrknUvKuNd¾elIs

lubehIy ´lHbg;kaymnusSenaHÉg eTIb)anmk

ekItkñúgtavtwgSCan;éRtTs RKb;RKgvimankñúgeTvelak

enH .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa ekaBa©myurcekarsgÇcritM ¬man

hVÚgstVeRkól ek¶ak nigman;eTar¦ )andl; BYkhVÚgeRkól ek¶ak

nigman;eTar Rtac;eTAmkkñúgvimanenaH² . Baküfa TiBübilvhMs-

raCciNÑM ¬manTaMgstVrMeB nigraChgSEdlCabkSITiBVehIreTAmk¦

)andl; bkSITwk maneQµaHfa bilv³ ¬stVrMeB¦ eRBaHbENþteTA

kñ úgTwk Rtac;eTAkñúgTIenaH² . Baküfa TiCkarNÐvekakilaPinaTitM

¬KwkkgeTAedaystVcegáólxüg man;eTar nigtaev:A¦ )andl; Kwgkg


edaystVcegáólxüg Ek¥kTwk taev:A nigbkSIdéT² .

Baküfa nanasnþankbubör uk çv iv iFa ¬manTaMgltaCati eQIpáa

eQIedIm eRcIny:agepSg²¦ )andl; eQIpáaepSg² EdlmanEmkFM

tUceRcIny:agmanRbkarepSg² eQµaHfa ltaCati eQIpáa eQIedIm

epSg² . EdlviciRtd¾Rss;s¥ateRcIny:agedayeQITaMgenaH eQµaH

fa manTaMgltaCati eQIpáa eQIedIm manRbkarepSg² . k¾KYr

nwgeBalfa viv iFM EteTBFItaeBalfa viv iFa . Baküfa snþanka

¬ltaCati¦ )andl; vløiEdlKYreBjcitþ . mYyeTot minmaneQI

páaeRcIny:agenAkñúgltaCatienaH . b¤eRcInedayedImeQIpáaTaMgenaH

dUecñaHeTIbeQµaHfa manTaMgltaCati edImpáa edImeQIeRcIny:ag )an

dl; ltaCati eQIpáaeRcInRbePTepSg² . GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa

)adliCm<úGesakrukçvnþM ¬manedImRcenog edImRBIg nigedImGesak¦ .

KYrnaMBaküfa {maneQIpáa} mkP¢ab;CamYyBaküenaH . mü:ageTot

Baküfa bubör uk ça ¬eQIpáa¦ CaBaküeRbIxusviPtþ i ¬EdlRtÚv¦ RtÚveRbI

Ca bubör uk ç M .


bTfa mKFvrburtßiemn ¬enATisxagekIténEdnmKF³¦ )andl;

taMgenATisxagekItkñúgEdnmKF³d¾RbesIr KW TisxagekItkñúgrdæmKF³

d¾RbesIr eRBaHEdnmKF³CaTIRtas;dwg . Baküfa ttß Gehasw buer

suNisa ¬kñúgCatimun ´CakUnRbsakñúgRsukenaH¦ esckþIfa kalmun

´)anCakUnRbsa KW ¬éxBakü suNisa = suNða¦ kñúgRtkUlKhbtI

mYykñúgnaLkRKamenaH .

Baküfa sa esµInwg GyM ¬´enH¦ eQµaHfa GñkQøaskñúg

kñ úgGtß nigFm’ eRBaHGtßfa CaGñkQøaskñúgGtß nigkñ úgFm’ . KW

RBHmanRBHPaK . eQµaHfa GbcittßFmµkusela¬1¦ eRBaHGtßfa Ca

GñkeKarBdl;GñkQøaskñúgGtß nigFm’ . KW RBHFmµesnabtI . nUv

RBHFmµesnabtIenaH . mü:ageTot Gbcit³ )andl; karGs;eTA KW

niBVan . QøaskñúgGtß nigFm’EdlminmancMENkesssl;enaH .

mü:ageTot QøaskñúgGtß kñúgFm’ KW kñúgnieraF nigmKÁEdlKYrrab;Gan

KW KYrbUCa . eQµaHfa mhnþM ¬GñkCaFM¦ eRBaHRbkbedaysIlkçn§

1¦ bidk = GbcI ttß kmµkuslM .


CaedImEdlFMéRkElgd¾]Larik . Baküfa kusuemhi ¬páa¦ )andl;

páaeQIeFV Iedayrtn³ nigedayy:agdéT .

bTfa brmKtitM ¬Gñkdl;brmKti¦ )andl; seRmcGnu)a-

TiessniBVan . bTfa smusSyM ¬ragkay¦ KW srIr³ . bTfa

tiTsKta ¬)anmkekItkñúgtavtwgSCan;éRtPB¦ )andl; eTAkan;sYK’

Can;éRtTs KW cUldl;BYkeTvtaCan;tavtwgS . bTfa \F )andl;

kñ úgeTvelakenH . bTfa Gavsami zanM ¬RKb;RKgviman¦ )andl;

enARKb;RKgvimanenH . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIyenaHÉg .

RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;eFV IBaküsYreqø IyEdlRBHvgÁ Is³ nigeTB-

FItaeBal [CaehtuekIt eTIbRTg;sMEdgFm’dl;bris½TEdlRbCuMKña

edayBisþar . eTsna)anCaRbeyaCn_dl;mhaCnedayRbkardUecñH .

cb;Gdækfa essvtIv imanTI 7

3


Gdðkza mløikavimanTI 8

{mløikaviman}

[36] mløikavimanmanBaküepþIm bItvetß bItFeC ¬EneTBFIta

nagmansMBt; nigTg;BN’elOgsuT§¦ . mløikavimanenaHekIteLIg

y:agNa ?

kalRBHd¾manRBHPaKCaTIBwgrbs;elak RTg;bMeBjBuT§kic©

epIþmtaMgBIRTg;RbkasRBHFmµcRk rhUtdl;RTg;eR)assuPTÞbriBVaCk

ehIybriniBVanedayGnu)aTiessniBVanFatukñ úgevlaCitPø W naéf¶eBj

bUrmIEx 6 kñúgcenøaHedImsal³TaMgKU enAéRBsalv½nrbs;mløkSRt

CitRkúgkusinara BYkeTvta nigmnusSkMBugeFVIkarbUCaRBHsrIr³rbs;

RBHGgÁ kñ úgRKaenaH buRtIrbs;esþcmlø³eQµaHfa mløika EdlCa

Priyarbs;Bn§ úlmlø³ enARkúgkusinara nagCa])asikaGñkmansT§a

RCHføa ykTwkRkGUblageRKÓgRbdab;mhaltabsaFn_rbs;xøÜn dUc

Kñanwgrbs;nagvisaxamha])asika sm¥atedaysMBt;sac;l¥ ehIy

kan;ykrbs;RkGUb nigpáaeQICaedImd¾eRcIndéTeTot bUCaRBHsrIr³

-405- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ mløikavimansURtTI 8

rbs;RBHmanRBHPaK . enHCaesckþIsegçbkñ úgTIenH . cMENkerOg

rbs;nagmløikaedayBisþar mkehIykñúgGdækfaFmµbT .

RKatmk nagmløikaenaHsøab;ehIy eTAekItkñ úgzansYK’Can;

tavtwgS . edayGanuPaBénkarbUCaenaH nagmanTiBVsm,tþid¾»Lar

minmanTUeTAdl;buKÁldéT . vimanRbdab;edaysMBt; rugerOgeday

rtn³ 7 Rbkar edaycMeBaHy:agéRkElgmanrsµIBN’mas pUrpg;

éRkElg R)akddUcCaExSTwkBN’masFøak;cuHmkGMBIRKb;Tis .

RKaenaHÉg RBHnarT³carikeTAkan;eTvelakeXIjeTBFItaenaH

eTIbcUleTArk . eTBFItaenaHevlaeXIjRBHnarT³ eTIbQrpÁg

GBa¢lInmsáarRBHnarT³sYreTvFItaenaHfa

EneTBFIta GñkmansMBt; nigTg;suT§EtBN’

elOg Rbdab;edayeRKÓgGlgáarBN’elOg sUm,I

nagminRbdab;edayeRKÓgesøókdNþb;BN’elOgd¾s¥at

dUecñH k¾enAEts¥at .

EneTBFItaGñkRTRTg;nUveRKÓgRbdab;éd Cavikar³


énmas tubEtgedayeRKÓgRbdab;páakRmgelIsIrS³

suT§Etmas manragkayeBaeBjedaybNþajmas

nagCanrNa Rbdab;edayrebobpáaeFVIedayEkveRcIn

RbePT .

mal½yEkvsuT§EtseRmcedaymas EkvTTwm

Ekvmukþa EkvBiTUrü EkvEPñkqµa EkvRkhmRsedog

BN’Qam mansPaBl¥s¥atedayEkvmNI dUcCa

EPñkstVRBab

bNþaeRKÓgRbdab;TaMgenH ExSxøHmansMeLg

BIeraHdUcsMeLgstVek¶ak ExSxøHbeBa©jsMeLgdUc

sMeLghgS ExSxøHbeBa©jsMeLgBIeraHdUcsMeLg

stVkrvik sMeLgéneRKÓgRbdab;TaMgenaHsþab;BIeraH

dUcCasMeLgRbKMrbs;t®nþIRbkbedayGgÁ 5

mYyeTot rfrbs;nags¥atl¥ mancMENk

RbkbviciRteTAedayrtn³epSg²


EneTBFItaGñkmanvNÑ³dUcrUbcmøak;mas nag

QrenAelIrf beBa©jBnøW[RbeTsenH Pø Wca MgEcg

GatµasYrnagehIy cUrR)ab;pg enHCaplénkmµGVI .

kñúgbTTaMgenaH bTfa bItvetß ¬GñkmansMBt;>>> suT§EtBN’

elOg¦ )andl; mansMBt;dNþb;BnøWBN’elOg eRBaHmanBnøWénmas

d¾brisuT§ . Baküfa bItFeC ¬nigTg;suT§EtBN’elOg¦ )andl;

manTg;BnøWBN’elOg eRBaHCaTg;Can;x<s;seRmcedaymasEdlelIk

eLIgenARtg;TVarviman nigelIrf . Baküfa bItalgáarPUsiet ¬Rbdab;

edayeRKÓgGlgáarBN’elOg¦ )andl; Rbdab;edayeRKÓgGaPrN³

manBnøWBN’elOg . sUm,InwgmankarviciRtedayrtn³eRcIny:ag rug

erOgedaybNþajrsµIeRcInRbePT EteRKÓgGaPrN³rbs;eTvFItaenaH

k¾manrsµIBN’elOgCaBiessCag eRBaHrugerOgedaybNþajsñitl¥

edaymasbrisuT§ eRBaHehtuEdleRKÓgRbdab;TaMgenaHekIteLIgeday

Biess eRBaHkarRbRBwtþl¥dUecñaH . Baküfa bitnþrahi ¬eday

eRKÓgesøókdNþb;manBN’elOg¦ )andl; sMBt;dNþb;BN’elOg .


Gnþr sBÞ eRbIkñ úgGtßfa sMBt;esøókdNþb; kñ úgBakümanCaGaT×fa

snþr utþrbrmM etn Pikç úna teta cIvrM saTiBV M ¬Pikç úenaHKb,IeRtkGr

kñúgcIvr man]tþrasgÁ³ Gnþrvask³y:ageRcIn sMBt;esøókdNþb;Ca

y:agéRlEg¦ . EtkñúgTIenHKb,IeXIjfa eRbIkñúgGtßfa sMBt;dNþb;

dUckñúgBakümanCaGaT×fa Gnþrsadka ¬sMBt;dNþb;¦ . sBÞTaMgenH

KW Gnþra ]tþriyM ]tþrasegÁa ]bsMBüanM CasBÞBYkEtmYy . bT

fa vKÁÚhi ¬s¥atl¥¦ )andl; d¾Rss;l¥ KW TaMgTn; nigsac;l¥it .

Baküfa Gbiln§a v esaPsi ¬sUm,InagminRbdab;>>> k¾enAEts¥at¦

esckþIfa nagsUm,InwgminRbdab;edayeRKÓgRbdab;TaMgenH k¾s¥at

edayrUbsm,tþirbs;xø ÜnEdr EteBleRKÓgRbdab;TaMgenaHmkenAkñ úg

xøÜnnagk¾kan;Ets¥at . GFib,ayfa eRBaHdUecñaH sUm,InagminRbdab;

k¾dUcCaRbdab;ehIy .

Baküfa kakm<úkayurFer ¬EneTBFItaGñkRTRTg;nUveRKÓgRbdab;

édmas>>> nagCanrNa¦ )andl; EneTBFIta GñkRbdab;edayeRKÓg

Rbdab;EdleFVIedaymas b¤Rbdab;edayRbdab;édEdleFVIedaymas


nagCanrNa rab;enAkñúgBYkeTvtaCan;Na . mYyeTot eRKÓgRbdab;

BiessRtg;éd ehAfa kg . eRKÓgRbdab;BiessRtg;eCIg ehAfa

kayUr . mü:ageTot Baküfa km<ú )andl; mas . eRBaHdUecñaH

eTIbmann½yfa GñkRbdab;edayeRKÓgRbdab;Rtg;eCIg ¬kayUr³¦ Edl

eFV Iedaymas KW Rbdab;edayBahuEdleFVIedaymas . Baküfa

kaBa©naevLPUsiet ¬s¥its¥agedayeRKÓgRbdab;kRmgpáaeQIelIsIrS³

suT§Etmas¦ )andl; tubEtgedayeRKÓgRbdab;PYgmal½yRtg;sIrS³

EdlseRmcedaymas . bTfa ehmCalksBaäenñ ¬manragkay

BaseBjedaybNþajmas¦ )andl; manragkayruMB½T§edaybNþaj

mas nigkRmgrtn³ . Baküfa nanartnmalinI ¬Rbdab;edaykRmg

páa eFVIedayEkveRcInRbePT¦ RBHnarT³sYrfa {nagCanrNa mankRmg

EkvepSg² suT§EtCabNþajEkveRcInRbePTBak;sIrS³ dUcCaBak;nUv

kRmgénpáaynkçtþbJkSkñ úgraRtIxagexñ It?} .

BaküCaedImfa esavNÑmya ¬suT§EtseRmcedaymas¦ Ca

BaküsMEdgdl;kRmgrtn³EdlCaehtu[ehAeTBFItaenaHfa GñkRbdab;


edaykRmgpáaeFVIGMBIEkvepSg² . kñúgbTTaMgenaH bTfa esavNÑmya

¬suT§EtseRmcedaymas¦ )andl; mal½yseRmcedaymassuT§ .

bTfa elahitgámya ¬suT§EtseRmcedayEkvTTwm¦ )andl; mal½y

seRmcedayEkvmNIBN’Rkhm RsedogEkvBN’TTwmCaedIm . bT

fa msarKløa ¬suT§EtseRmcedayEkvEPñkqµa¦ )andl; mal½y

seRmcedayEkvEPñkqµa ¬mrkt¦ . Baküfa shelahitgáa ¬Ekv

RkhmRsedogBN’Qam¦ )andl; mal½yseRmcedayEkvmNI

eRcInRBmTaMgEkvTTwm nigseRmcedayEkvRkhm KW TTwm . bTfa

)aertkç Ihi mNIhi citþta ¬mansPaBRss;s¥atedayEkvmNIdUc

EPñkRBab¦ GFib,ayfa mal½yrtn³Rtg;sk; nigédrbs;nagTaMgenH

mansPaBRss;s¥at eFVIedayEkvmNI dUcCaEPñkRBab nigEkvmNI

tamEdleBalehIy .

bTfa ekaci ekaci ¬kRmgxøH¦ )andl; eRKÓgRbdab;EtmYy

ExS . Baküfa Étß )andl; kñúgPYgmal½yTaMgenH . Baküfa

myUrsusSera ¬bnøWsMeLgBIeraHdUcsMeLgek¶ak¦ )andl; mansMeLg


BIeraHdUcsMeLgstVek¶ak . Baküfa hMssSreBaØa kat;bTCa hM-

ssSera GeBaØa KW ExSxøHeTotmansMeLgRsedogsMeLgraChgS .

bTfa krviksusSera ¬sMeLgstVkrvik¦ )andl; mansMeLgBIeraH

dUcsMeLgstVkrvik KW semøgPYgmal½yTaMgenaH sþab;BIeraHTn;

elµIydUcsMeLgek¶ak sMeLghgS sMeLgkrvik . sYrfa dUcGVI?

eqøIyfa dUcsMeLgRbKMedayt®nþIRbkbedayGgÁ 5 . GFib,ayfa

sMeLgrbs;eRKÓgRbdab;TaMgenaHsþab;BIeraH dUckarBIeraH kñúgeRKÓg

t®nþ IRbkbedayGgÁ 5 EdlmnusSQøasRbKM . Baküfa bBa©gÁ ik M

tur iymivb,vaTitM enH CaTutiyaviPtþ ieRbIkñúgGtßstþmIviPtþi .

Baküfa nanavNÑahi FatUhi ¬edayFatuEdlmanrUbepSg²¦

)andl; edayFatu KW cMENkRbkbCaedImfa ePøA kg; nigcenÞalrf

manrUbrageRcIny:ag . Baküfa suv iPetþa v esaPti ¬Edl

cat;EcgsmsYnl¥¦ )andl; cat;Ecgmky:agl¥ rEmgRss;s¥at

edaycMENkepSg² manxñatsmdl;KñanwgKña TaMgEpñkCasMNuM .

mü:ageTot Baküfa suviPetþa v )andl; sUm,IekItedaykmµEtmü:ag


k¾enAEts¥at dUcGacarüsil,³GñkCMnajRbsb;tubEtgTuk .

Baküfa kaBa©nBim<veNÑ ¬manvNÑ³dUcrUbcmøak;mas¦ )andl;

elIrfenaHmanrUbdUcCamas eRBaHmanBnøWBN’elOgRss;s¥atéRk

Elg . mü:ageTot Baküfa kaBa©nBim<veNÑ CaBaküehAeTBFIta

enaH . GFib,ayfa dUcCarUbcmøak;mas EdleKykTwkRkGUblag

ehIysm¥atedaysMBt;BN’Rkhm ehIyyksMBt;sac;l¥sm¥at

EfmeTot . Baküfa PassimM beTsM ¬bMPøW[RbeTsenHPøWrugerOg¦

)andl; eFV I[PUmiRbeTsTaMgGs;enHPøWr ugerOg .

luHRBHefr³sYry:agenHehIy eTBFItak¾eqø IyedayKafaTaMg

enHfa

RKaEdlRBHeKatmsm<úT§ RTg;manKuNRbmaN

min)anesþcbriniBVanehIy ´mancitþRCHføa eRbIbNþaj

masEdlviciRtedayEkvmNI mas nigEkvmukþa Edl

ruMB½T§edaybNþajmas RKbdNþb; ¬nUvRBHBuT§srIr³¦ .

´ luHeFVIk uslkmµEdlRBHBuT §RTg;sresIr


ehIy eTIbR)ascakesckþIesak manEtesckþIsux

rIkraysb,ayCanic© .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa esavNÑCalM ¬bNþajmas¦ )an

dl; bNþajseRmcedaymas eFVI[s½kþismnwgrUbrag . Baküfa

mNiesavNÑcitþitM ¬d¾viciRtedayEkvmNImas¦ )andl; viciRteday

EkvmNI nigmaseRcIny:ag EdleRbICaeRKÓgRbdab;Rtg;sIrS³k¾sm

nwgsrS³ Rtg;>kk¾smnwg>k . Baküfa mutþacitþ M ¬viciRtedayEkv

mukþa¦ )andl; cMENkkRmgEkvmukþak¾RkgTukCary³² . Baküfa

ehmCaeln qnñM ¬EdlruMB½T§edaybNþajmas¦ )andl; ruMB½T§eday

bNþajrsµIBN’mas . k¾bNþajenaH viciRtedayEkvmNIeRcIn

RbePT nigedaymas Rbdab;edaykRmgEkvmukþa ru MB½T§edaybNþaj

rsµIBN’masEdlPøWEcgcaMgéRkElg kñúgkalsmösSnwgBnøWRBHGaTitü

eRBaHeRcIneTAedaymasd¾brisuT§l¥ manBnøWEtmYydUcKña taMgenAdUc

kBa©k;mas . Baküfa briniBV úet ¬esþcbriniBVanehIy¦ )andl;

briniBVanehIyedayGnu)aTiessniBVanFatu . Baküfa eKatem ¬RBH


eKatmsm<úT§¦ eTBFItaehARBHmanRBHPaKedayRBHeKaRt . Baküfa

Gb,emyü ¬manKuNRbmaNmin)an¦ )andl; minGacnwgRbmaN

edayKuNanuPaB . Baküfa bsnñcitþa ¬mancitþRCHføa¦ )andl;

mancitþRCHføaedaysT§a EdlmanplkmµCavis½y nigmanRBHBuT§Ca

GarmµN_ . Baküfa GPierabyw ¬RKbdNþb;¦ )andl; ´RKbdNþb;

KW bMBak;TukRtg;RBHBuT§srIr³edIm,IbUCa .

bTfa tahM kat;bTCa tM GhM . bTfa kuslM ¬kusl¦

eQµaHfa kusl eRBaHGtßfa kMcat;vtßúGaRkk;CaedIm . bTfa BuT§-

vNÑitM ¬EdlRBHBuT§RTg;sresIrehIy¦ )andl; EdlRBHsmµasm<úT§

RTg;sresIrehIy edayBaküfa {mñalPikç úTaMgLay stVTaMgLay

minmaneCIgkþI maneCIg 2 kþI manRbmaNbu:nNaCaedIm} . bTfa

Gebtesaka ¬R)ascakesak¦ )andl; R)ascakesckþIesak eRBaH

minmanehtuénesckþIesak mankarvinasénePaK³CaedIm . eday

BaküenaH eTBFItaeBaldl;karminmanTukçpø Úvcitþ . Baküfa suxita

¬manEtesckþIsux¦ )andl; mansuxekIteLIgehIy KW dl;esckþI


sux . edayBaküenH eTBFItaeBaldl;karminmanTukçpø Úvkay .

k¾eTBFItaenaHdl;esckþIrIkray eRBaHminmanTukçpøÚvcitþ minmaneraK

eRBaHminmanTukçpøÚvkay . eRBaHehtuenaH eTBFItaeTIbeBalfa s-

m,emaTamnamya ¬mancitþeRtkGrrIkrayCanic©¦ . Baküd¾essman

n½ydUceBalmkehIyenaHÉg .

mYyeTot esckþIenHRBHnarT³)anR)ab;dl;RBHFmµsgÁahkacarü

RKaeFVIsgÁayna tamEbbEdlelak nigeTBFItasnÞnaKñakñúgRKaenaH

Ég . RBHFmµsgÁakacarüelIkykBaküR)ab;TaMgenaHeLIgkan;sgÁayna

tamn½yenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa mløikavimanTI 8

3


Gdðkza visalk¡ivimanTI 9

{vimanrbs;eTBFItaGñkmanEPñkTUlay}

[37] visalkçivimanmanBaküepþ Imfa ka nam tVM visalkçi

¬EneTBFItaGñkmanEPñkTUlay nageQµaHGV I¦ . visalkçivimanenaH

ekIteLIgy:agNa ?

kalRBHmanRBHPaKesþcbriniBVanehIy RBH)aTGCatsRtÚv

RTg;TTYlRBHbrmsarIr ikFaturbs;RBHd¾manRBHPaK EdlRBHGgÁ)an

TTYlmk sagRBHsßÚb nigeFV Ikarqøgkñ úgRkúgraCRKwH kUnRsICageFV I

páamñak;GñkRkúgraCRKwH eQµaHsunnÞa Ca])asika CaGriysavika

seRmcesatabnñ )anbBa¢ÚnkRmgpáa nigrbs;RkGUbCaeRcIn Edl

)anmkGMBIpÞHrbs;bita eFVIkarbUCaRBHectiyral;² éf¶ . mYyeTot

ral;éf¶]e)asf nag)aneTAeFV IkarbUCaedayxøÜnÉg . tmk nagman

eraKmü:agebotebon søab;ehIy )aneTAekItCabricarikarbs;skáeTv-raC

. éf¶mYy nagcUleTAkan;citþlta]TüanCamYyesþcská³ rsµI

rbs;eTvtaBYkdéTenAkñúgTIenaH RtÚvrsµIrbs;páaeQICaedImb:HxÞb;ehIy

-417- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ v isalkçiv imansURtTI 9

k¾manBN’viciRtcaMgEcgd¾éRkElg . EtrsµIrbs;eTBFItasunnÞa min

)anRtÚvrsµIpáaeQITaMgenaHRKbsgát;eLIy k¾Kg;enAtamRbRktI . ská-

eTvraCRTg;eXIjdUecñaH manRBHbMNgnwgdwgsucritkmµEdleTBFIta

enaHeFVImk eTIb)ansaksYredayKafaTaMgenHfa

EneTBFItaGñkmanEPñkTUlay nageQµaHGV I

maneTBGbSrecameramCabrivar edIrRkLwgCuMv ijsYn

citþltaEdlKYrrIkray .

kñ úgkalEdlBYkeTvtaCan;tavtwgSmkTIenH

RBmTaMgesH nigrf tak;Etgkayd¾l¥viciRt cUl

eTArIkraykñúgsYnenH Etkalnagmkdl;TIenH kMBug

Rtac;rIkraykñúgsYn kayd¾l¥s¥atEdlKYremIl rUb

rbs;nagR)akddUecñHeRBaHehtuGVI EneTBFIta eyIg

sYrnagehIy cUrR)ab;pgfa enHCaplénkmµGV I .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa ka nam tVM ¬nagmaneQµaHGVI¦ )an

dl; kñ úgGtþPaBmun nageQµaHGV I KW CamnusSdUcemþc . GFib,ay


fa sm,tþi KW GanuPaBdUecñHrbs;nag maneRBaHeFVIesckþIl¥Tukkñúg

TINa . Baküfa visalkçi ¬EneTBFItaGñkmanEPñkTUlay¦ Gñkman

EPñkFM .

bTfa yTa ¬kñ úgRKa¦ )andl; kñ úgkalNa . bTfa \mM

vnM ¬]TüanenH¦ )andl; ]TüanenHEdlmaneQµaHfa citþltav½n .

Baküfa ciRta ehanþi ¬tak;EtgkayviciRtRss;s¥at¦ )andl; man

lkçN³Rss;s¥at eRBaHdl;RBmedayesckþIs¥atGMBIBnøWtamRbRktI

rbs;sMBt;Gav nigeRKÓgRbdab;kñúgragkayxøÜnÉg RbkbedayrsµI

d¾viciRtkñúgsYncitþltaenH . Baküfa \FaKta ¬EdlmkTIenH¦ )an

dl; mk KW RBmKñaenAkñúgTIenH b¤fa eRBaHehtuénkarmkkñúgTIenH .

bTfa \F btþay ¬kalnagmkdl;TIenH¦ )andl; dl; KW

cUlmkkan;TIenH . bTfa ekn rUb tevTisM ¬rUbrbs;nagR)akd

dUecñHeRBaHehtuGVI¦ esckþIfa eRBaHehtuGVI rUb KW srIr³rbs;nageTIb

CadUecñH KW manlkçN³y:agenH . GFib,ayfa rUbrbs;nagRKb-

sgát;rsµIcitþlta]TüanTaMgGs; .


RKaesþcská³Rtas;sYry:agenHehIy eTBFItaenaHeTIbeqø Iy

edayKafaTaMgenHfa

bBiRtRBHGgÁCacmeTB rUb Kti bJT§ i nig

GanuPaBrbs;nag´ rEmg)anedaykmµNa sUmRBH

GgÁRTg;sþab;nUvkmµenaH .

nag´Ca])asika mannamfa sunnÞa enAkñúg

RkúgraCRKwHCaTIeRtkGr dl;RBmedaysT§a nigsIl

eRtkGrkñúgkarEckrMElkTansBVkal

mancitþRCHføakñúgRBHGriyGñkRbRBwtþRtg; )an

fVaysMBt;esøókdNþb; Gahar esnasn³ nig

eRKÓgRbTIb .

nag´)ancUlcaM]e)asf RbkbedayGgÁ 8

ral;éf¶TI 14 TI 15 nigéf¶TI 8 énbkç nigGs;

)adihariybkç sRgÜmedayl¥kñ úgsIlsBVkal .




kuhk 1 q¶aycakkarpwkTwkRsvwg 1

nag´eRtkGrkñúgsikçabTTaMg 5 CaGñkQøas

kñúgGriysc©Fm’ Ca])asikarbs;RBHeKatmRBHGgÁ

manckçú RTg;manys .

mnusSnaMpáaGMBIRtkUljatiirbs;nag´ mk[

erOy² nag´)andak;páaTaMgGs;enaHÉg bUCaRBH

sßÚbrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK .

mü:ageTot kñúgéf¶]e)asf nag´mancitþRCHføa

)ankan;ykpáa eRKÓgRkGUb nigeRKÓglab eTAbUCa

TIRBHsßÚb edayédTaMg 2 rbs;xø Ün .

bBiRtRBHGgÁCacmeTB rUb Kti bJT§ i nig

GanuPaB mandl;nag´ eRBaHkmµEdlnag´bUCaRBH

sßÚbedaykRmgpáa

nigkmµEdlnag´)anrkSasIl enAminTan;[


pl bBiRtRBHGgÁCacmeTB nag´enAmanesckþI

sgÇwmfa Kb,I)anCaRBHskTaKamI .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa Kti ¬Kti¦ )andl; eTvKtienH

b¤karekIt . Baküfa \T§ i ¬bJT§ i¦ )andl; eTvbJT§ienH b¤esckþI

seRmcnUvvtß útamR)afña . Baküfa GanuPaeva ¬GanuPaB¦ )andl;

GMNac . eTvFItaehAesþcská³fa {burinÞT³} eRBaHesþcská³)an

[Tanmkkñúgkalmun eTIbehAfa {burinÞT³} .

Baküfa jatikulM ¬RtkUlénjati¦ eTBFItaeBalsMedAdl;

pÞHrbs;bita . Baküfa sTa malaPiharti ¬naMpáa>>> mk[erOy²¦

esckþIfa TasIGMBIRtkUljati )annaMpáamk[nag´sBV² kal KW

Gs;kalTaMgBYg )andl;ral;² éf¶ . bTfa sBVemvaPierabyw

¬nag´)andak;páaTaMgGs;enaHÉgbUCa¦ esckþIfa nag´min)aneRbIpáa

nigrbs;déT² RKb;RbePT manrbs;RkGUbCaedIm EdlTasInaMmk

GMBIpÞHrbs;bita edIm,IRbdab;xø Ünnag´eT Et)andak;bUCa KW [eFVIkar

bUCaRtg;RBHsßÚbrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK . bTfa ]e)asef chM Kn%þa


¬mYyeTot kñúgéf¶]e)asfnag´>>> eTA¦ )andl; kñúgéf¶]e)asfnag´

eTAkan;TIRBHsßÚb .

bTfa yM malM GPierabyw ¬nag´bUCaRBHsßÚbedaykRmg

páa¦ manesckþIfa kmµNaEdlnag´dak;páa nigrbs;RkGUbRtg;RBH

sßÚbrbs;RBHmanRBHPaK eFVITukkñ úgRKaenaH . edaykmµenaH .

bTfa n tM tav vibc©ti ¬kmµEdlnag´)anrkSasIl¦ enA

minTan;[pl esckþIfa nag´CaGñkmansIlNa karrkSasIlenaH

KW sIlEdlnag´rkSaenaH enAminTan;man»kas[pleLIy eday

kmøaMgrbs;buNüEdlseRmcedaykarbUCa ¬kMBug[pl¦ KW enAmin

Tan;bEnßm[pl . GFib,ayfa kñúgGtþPaBteTA kmµenaHeTIbnwg[

pl . bTfa Gasa c bn em eTvinÞ skTaKaminI siyM ¬bBiRt

RBHGgÁCacmeTB nag´enAmanesckþIsgÇwmfa Kb,I)anCaRBHsk-

TaKamI¦ esckþIfa bBiRtcmeTB k¾esckþIR)afñarbs;nag´fa {y:ag

Na k¾nag´Kb,ICaskTaKamI} Cavis½y ¬eKalbMNg¦ edIm,IGriy-

Fm’ minEmnvis½yedIm,IPBd¾viess . k¾eTBFIta)anR)ab;[RCabfa


¬esckþIsgÇwmrbs;nag¦ enAminTan;seRmc dUcmnusSRtÚvkarTwkedaH

CUr rg;caMTwkedaHERbrUb . Baküd¾essmann½ydUceBalehIy .

esþcská³cmeTB RTg;)anR)ab;erOgenaHdl;RBHvgÁ Isetßrtam

EbbEdlRBHGgÁ nigeTBFItaenaHsnÞnaKña . RBHvgÁIsetßr)anR)ab;

dl;RBHmhaefr³TaMgLayEdlCaRBHFmµsgÁahkacarü kñúgkaleFVI

sgÁayna . RBHmhaefr³TaMgenaH k¾)anelIkerOgenaHeLIgmkkan;

sgÁaynatamenaH .

cb;Gdækfa v isalkçiv imanTI 9

3


Gdðkza :ricätþkvimanTI 10

{vimanrbs;GñkbUCaedaypáa)aricätþk³}

[38] )aricätþkvimanmanBaküepþImfa )aricätþek ekaviLaer

¬EneTBFIta nagrkSapáasYK’)ar icätþ¦ . )aricätþk³vimanenaHekIteLIg

y:agNa ?

RBHmanRBHPaK kalRbfab;enAkñ úgvtþeCtBnmhavihar Cit

RkúgsavtßI . sm½yenaH ])askmñak;enAkñ úgRkúgsavtßI cUleTA

Kal;RBHmanRBHPaK nimnþqan;Ptþaharkñ úgéf¶Es¥k eTIbcat;Ecg)araM

FMCitTVarpÞHrbs;xøÜn )aMgvaMgnnedayCuMvij cgBidanxagelI elIkTg;

C½y nigTg;sMBt;CaedIm BüÜrsMBt;BN’s¥atepSg² nigkRmgeRKÓg

RkGUb kRmgpáa PYgmal½y RkalGasn³enARtg;TIrabesµI ehIyRkab

TUlevla ¬Gahar¦ cMeBaHRBHmanRBHPaKRTg;RCab .

lMdab;enaH kñúgevlaRBwk RBHmanRBHPaKRTg;Rbdab;)aRt nig

cIvr esþccUleTAkan;eragEdlRbdab;tak;EtgdUcCaeTvviman Rbfab;

Kg;elIGasn³EdlRkalTuk RTg;beBa©jRBHrsµITaMgBan; dUceFVIGnøg;

-425- Gdækfa )ricätþkvKÁ )ricätþkvimansURtTI 10

G½BÞ[PøWsVag . ])ask)anbUCaRBHmanRBHPaK edayrbs;RkGUb

páa FUb nigRbTIb .

sm½yenaH ®sþ Irk]smñak;eXIjedImGesak³manpáarIkeBj

kñúgéRBGn§v½n eTIbkan;ykpáaGesakd¾eRcIn cgCa)ac;RBmTaMgTg nig

RtÜy nigKum<páa edIrmk eXIjRBHmanRBHPaKRbfab;Kg;enAkñúgTIenaH

mancitþRCHføa eTIbykpáaeQITaMgenaHeFVICakRmalCuMvijGasn³ eFVI

karbUCaRBHmanRBHPaK fVaybgÁMehIy eFV IRbTkSiN 3 CuM nmsáar

ecosecjeTA . RKatmk nagsøab;ehIy eTAekItkñ úgzansYK’Can;

tavtwgS . manRsIGbSr 1>000 Cabrivar raMeRcóg RkgkRmgpáa

)aricätþ rIkrayeRtkGr carikelg esayEtesckþIsuxenARtg;nnÞv½n

Ca]TüanFM . lMdab;enaH RBHmhaemaKÁløan eTAkan;sYK’Can;tavtwgS

tamn½yEdleBalmkehIy eXIjeTBFItaenaH eTIbsYrdl;kmµEdl

eTBFItaenaH)aneFVImk edayKafaTaMgenHfa

EneTBFIta nagrkSapáasYK’)ar icätþd¾RkGUbKYr

rIkray mkRkgCakRmgTiBV eRcógy:agsb,ay .


kalnagkMBugra MenaH sMeLgTiBVEdlsþab;

KYrrIkray k¾lan;B¤ecjmkGMBIGvyv³tUcFMTaMgLay

RKb;cMENk .

kalEdlnagkMBugraMenaH køinTiBVd¾RkGUbCa

TIeBjcitþ k¾pSayecjGMBIGvyv³tUcFMRKb;cMENk .

kalnagkeRmIkkayeTAmk sMeLgéneRKÓg

Rbdab; EdlnagRbdab;Rtg;pñÜgsk; k¾beBa©jsMeLg

y:agBIeraH dUcCasMeLgt®nþ IRbkbedayGgÁ 5 .

mYyeTot eRKÓgRbdab;Rtecok RtÚvxül;bk;

mkb:H k¾mansUrBIeraH Rsedogt®nþ IRbkbedayGgÁ

5 .

sUm,IkRmgpáaelIsirS³rbs;nag k¾mankø in

RkGUbQøúyQ¶b; CaTIrIkrayéncitþ pSayeTAsBV

Tis dUcCaedImeQIsYK’ .

nagRsÚbkøind¾RkGUbQ¶úyQ¶b;enaH TaMg)an


eXIjrUb EdlminEmnrbs;mnusS EneTBFIta Gatµa

sYrehIy nagcUrR)ab;pgfa enHCaplénkmµGVI .

kñúgbTTaMgenaH bTfa )aricätþek ekaviLaer ¬páasYK’)aricätþ¦

manBaküRbkbesckþIfa eTBFItakan;ykpáasYK’ EdlmaneQµaHfa

)aricätþ mkRkgCamal½yTiBV . mnusSelakehApáasYK’fa {)ariCat} .

EtkñúgPasamKF³ehA {)aricätþk³} . cMENkBaküfa ekaviLar³ Ca

edImrlYsp¥úg edImrlYsp¥úgmanTaMgkñúgmnusSelak TaMgkñúgeTvelak .

GacarüBYkxøHeBalfa {CaBUCeQIsYK’enaH} .

k¾kñúgevlaEdleTBFItaeRcóg semøgBIeraHrNþMecjmkGMBIrag

kay nigGMBIeRKÓgRbdab;eRBaHekItCab;xø Ün . sUm,Ikø ink¾pSayecj

eTARKb;TissBVkal . eRBaHehtuenaH RBHmhaemaKÁløaneTIbeBal

BakümanCaGaT×fa tsSa et nc©manay ¬kalnageRcógraMehIy¦ .

kñúgBaküTaMgenaH Baküfa svnIya ¬EdlKYrsþab;¦ )andl; KYrsþab;

b¤CaRbeyaCn_karsþab; GFib,ayfa sb,ayRtecok .

Baküfa vivtþmana kaeyn ¬kalnagkeRmIkkayeTAmk¦ )an


dl; kay KW srIr³rbs;nagkeRmIkeTAmk . Baküfa kaeyn enH

CattiyaviPtþ ieRbIkñ úg\tßmÖ Ú ¬man¦ . bTfa ya evNIsu biln§na

¬eRKÓgRbdab;EdlnagRbdab;B§d¾pñ Ügsk;¦ )andl; eRKÓgRbdab;Rtg;

pñÜgsk;rbs;nag . Kb,IeXIjfa kñúgBaküenH lubviPtþi b¤CaligÁ-

vibløas ¬eRbIligÁxus¦ .

Baküfa vdMska ¬Rbdab;Rtecok¦ manGFib,ayfa Rbdab;

RtecokeFVIedayrtn³ eQµaHfa vdgSk³ . Baküfa vatFUta ¬RtÚv

xül;¦ )andl; RtÚvxül;bk;mkRtÚv . Baküfa vaetn sm,km,ita

¬k¾keRmIk¦ )andl; RtÚvxül;bk;edayCuMvij KW edayBiess .

mü:ageTot manBaküGFib,ayRbkbfa Rbdab;RtecokTaMgEdlminRtÚv

xül;TaMgEdlRtÚvxül; EdlkeRmIkehIy k¾mansMeLgKwkkg .

Baküfa vati Ken§a Tisa sBVa ¬pSayeTAsBVTis¦ )andl;

køinrbs;mal½yTiBVelIsIrS³rbs;nagenaH pSayeTAsBVTis . sYrfa

dUcGVI? eqø Iyfa ruekça mBa¢ Úseka yfa ¬dUcCaeQIsYK’¦ GFib,ay

fa dUcedImeQIsYK’manpáarIksÁúHsÁay mankøinrbs;xøÜnpSayeTAeRcIn


eyaCn_ pSayeTAsBVTis y:agNa køinrbs;mal½yeRKÓgRbdab;

sIrS³rbs;nagk¾dUecñaH . mann½yfa edImeQIenaHduHeLIgenARtg;

kNþalbrievNeragEdleFVI]e)asfrbs;RBHbec©kBuT§TaMgLay na

PñMKn§maTn_ páaRkGUbpSayeTAkñúgeTvelak nigmnusSelak ekItGMBI

cugEmkrbs;edImeQIenaH eRBaHehtuenaH eQIenaHeTIbmankøinRkGUb

éRkElg køinrbs;mal½yEdleTBFItaenaHRbdab;k¾y:agenH . eRBaH

ehtuenaH RBHmhaemaKÁløanefr³eTIbeBalfa dUcedImeQIsYK’ .

sUm,Ifa GarmµN_TaMgLaykñúgsYK’enaH CaGarmµN_KYreBjcitþ

Etmü:ag eRBaHsYK’enaHmanpsSaytn³ 6 EtRBHmhaemaKÁløanetßr

eBalfa Xayes tM suciKn§M rUbM bsSsi GmanusM ¬nagRsÚbkøin

RkGUbQ¶úyQ¶b;enaH TaMg)aneXIjrUbTiBVEdlminEmnrbs;mnusS¦

eRBaHeTBFItaenaH)anKn§rUb ¬kø inRkGUb¦ CaBiess .

eBlenaH eTBFItaeqø IyedayKafa 2 Kafafa

´)anbeg¥annaMykpáaGesak Edlmaneksr

l¥rsµIPø Wepøk mankøinRkGUbsay eTAbUCaRBHBuT§ ´


enaHluHeFVIk uslkmµEdlRBHBuT§ RTg;sresIrehIy

eTIbminmanesak manEtesckþIsux sb,ayrIkray

ehIyCanic© .

kñ úgKafaenaH eTBFItaeBalfa bPsSrM Gc©imnþM¬1¦ ¬manrsµI

PøWepøk¦ sMedApáaGesakEdll¥dac;eK EdlR)akdkñúgkalenaHfa enH

dUcCaRkúmEkvRbBaLEdlxat;l¥ehIy ¬nig¦ dUcCabNþajrsµIrbs;

RBHGaTitü eRBaHeksrpáarYmKña . Baküd¾essmann½ydUc)aneBal

ehIyenaHÉg .

cb;Gdækfa )ricätþkvimanTI 10

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Gdækfa)ricätþkvKÁTI 3 Rbdab;edayerOg 10 erOg

kñ úgvimanvtßú énGdækfaxuTÞknikay eQµaHbrmtßTIbnI


s t r 1¦ bidk = Gcä imnþ M .

raynamsb,úrsCn

cUlrYmksagKm<IrGdækfa

3

-elakRKÚGKÁbNÐit b‘ut savgS >>>>>>>>> $ 2.000 USA

-])sk esam rtn³ RBmTaMgPriya butþ nigecA >>>>>>>>> $ 5.00 USA

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