Post on 05-Apr-2018
7/31/2019 6- Zeeman
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6- Zeeman : 13/03/2012
:20/03/2012
3: (3335)- (3409)
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[: 6- ZEEMAN]
3: .3335
- .3409
1
Zeeman, :
( )
.
, e/m.
:
T
, Zeeman. ,
. ,
SH B L g S B (1),
B
2
e
m
Bohr
L
2Sg spin
S spin .
Zeeman
spin,
1T .
, E ,
E g B
(2),
, g Land Zeeman.
Zeeman, , Land
.
H , L
, E
Cd
7/31/2019 6- Zeeman
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[: 6- ZEEMAN]
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- .3409
2
1
L
g BE
h h
(3)
Larmor.
Zeeman spin
0S
0S .
,
1:
,
s
ds Zeeman.
. , ,
s
:
2 2
2
1
2 1
n
d n
(4)
,
n Lummer Gehrcke
d .
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[: 6- ZEEMAN]
3: .3335
- .3409
3
,
ds d. :
2 2
2
1
2 1
ds ds nd d
s s d n
(5)
:
,
2. :
a) 2
b) (Cd)
c)
d) Lummer-Gehrcke (
.
e) .
f) .
: .
Hall
, .
2
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[: 6- ZEEMAN]
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- .3409
4
.
1 mV 10 mT, .
:
1-
I(1A) V(1mV)
B(
10mT)
0 1 10
1 4 40
2 6 60
3 9 904 12 120
5 15 150
6 18 180
7 20 200
8 23 230
9 26 260
10 28 280
1 =f():
7/31/2019 6- Zeeman
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- .3409
5
1
!:
1.09 / mT A , 5.83b mT !
27.45 ( ) 10B mT I A ,
B(mT):
2 2 2
2 2 2B B B
B b I a I b b I ab I a
: ZEEMAN
Zeeman
e m . , Hall , Cd
0 643,8nm .
y = 27.455x + 10
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
-2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
B(mT)
I(mA)
B=f(I)
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[: 6- ZEEMAN]
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- .3409
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. 1div = 0,01mm
B , s .
(
). ,
2
(1div) s(0.01mm)
27 0.27
28 0.28
26 0.26
:
3
1
10,27 0,06
3i i
i
s s mm
,
3 2
1
3(3 1)
i i
ii
s s
s
, ,
, , . ,
, , ,
2ds.
+ , - .
3
(1) B(mT) (2ds 1div) 2ds(0.01mm) ds( ) (0.01)
12
11 0.110.05
339 10 0.10
9 0.09
14
12 0.12
0.06394 13 0.13
12 0.12
16
16 0.16
0.08444 16 0.16
15 0.15
I
27.45 ( ) 10B mT I A , !!
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d i
i
dsd
s
2 2
2
10,0489
2 1
nmm
d n
2
2 2 2
2
1i
i i i i
i i ii
d d dsd ds s ds s
ds s s s
dv :2 2
i
i
cdscd d
s
2
2
d cd d d
d
:
)()(
1
1
2
)()()(
2
2
222
2
2
dc
dv
n
n
do
S
SdS
S
dSd
3 dv
3
(1) B(mT) (2ds 1div) 2ds(0.01mm) ds( ) (0.01) dv(MHz)
12
11 0.11
0.05 4.80E+09339 10 0.10
9 0.09
14
12 0.12
0.06 6.80E+09394 13 0.13
12 0.12
16
16 0.16
0.08 1.15E+10444 16 0.16
15 0.15
dv=f(B)
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2
:
7 10( ) 6 10 ( ) 2 10dv Hz B mT
L= / h = g , :
e / m = 2.
(e / m) = 37.68 106
Hz / mT=3.761011
Hz/T.
0,13 1013
Hz
111.76 10 / e Hz Tm
:
dv(Hz)= 6E+07B(mT) - 2E+10
0
2E+09
4E+09
6E+09
8E+09
1E+10
1.2E+10
1.4E+10
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
dv(Hz)
B(mT)
dv=f(B)
Bm
geB
m
eg
hLL
42
1
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% 100% 114%
e em m
em
,
!!
:
1. Lande Zeeman;
Lande Zeeman
12
1111
jj
sslljjg
, l, s l s.
Zeeman 0S j = l+s || sl || sl ,
j = l g = 1.
g . Zeeman g = 1
Land .
2. Lande 2Dj ( j).
D l=2 2 s=1/2. j = l+s
|| sl || sl , j=|2-1/2|=3/2 j=|2+1/2|=5/2
Land
12
1111
jj
sslljjg
, j=3/2 g=0.8 j=5/2 g=1.2
3. Paschen Back ;
- ( 4)
, Zeeman
. )2(
2zzsl
mc
eBV
(4
. 4)
, =(eB/2mc)(ml+2ms)
ms=1/2 = (ml1) = eB/2mc.
Zeeman .
3 . (4)
.