TuteWeek11 Handouts

8/18/2019 TuteWeek11 Handouts

1/13


2/13


3/13

( ) = β

+ β

+ β

+ µ


4/13


5/13


6/13

( ) = β + β ( ) + β ( ) + β +β

+ β

+ µ

=

β

=

β

=

β

β

=

(. − . )/

(

− .

)/(

−

)

= . .

,∞, % = . ,∞, % =


7/13

= β

+ β

( ) + β

( ) + β

+ µ


8/13

β

,( ) = β ,( ) + δ β δ

β

β

,( ) > β ,( )


9/13

β

,( ) <

−

.

/

.

≈ −

.

β

↑

↓


10/13

↑


11/13

( ) = β

+ β

( ) + µ

µ

µ


12/13

( ) = β

+ β

+ µ

µ

(

) = .

+ .

β

>

→

β

β

: β

<

(

) = .

− .

+ .

(

)

≈ −

.

<

>

,

% = −

.

↓


13/13

: β

(

) =

=

(.

−

)/.

≈ −

.

−. /. ≈ − .

: β (

) =

(.

− )/.

≈ −

.

Documents