IsiZulu Home Language - SchoolNet SA...UMnyango WezeMfundo Sol Plaatje House 123 Schoeman Street...

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo Amabanga - 10–12

(Umgudu Wokufunda Jikelele)

IZILIMIISIZULU ULIMI LWASEKHAYA

imfundoUMnyango WezeMfundoIREPHABHULIKI YASENINGIZIMU AFRIKA

UMnyango WezeMfundo

Sol Plaatje House123 Schoeman StreetPrivate Bag X895EPitoli 0001ENingizimu AfrikaUcingo: +27 12 312-5911Ifeksi: +27 12 321-6770

120 Plein StreetPrivate Bag X9023Cape Town 8000ENingizimu AfrikaUcingo: +27 21 465-1701Ifeksi: +27 21 461-8110

http://education.pwv.gov.za

© 2003 UMnyango WezeMfundo

ISBN 1-919975-36-5

Design and Layout by: Seriti Printing (Pty) Ltd

INDLELA YOKUSEBENZISA LE NCWADI

Lo mbhalo oyinqubomgomo wehlukaniswe izahluko ezine. Kubalulekile ukuthi umfundi awufunde abuyeadidiyele ulwazi oluvela ezingxenyeni ezehlukene zalo mbhalo. Okuqukethwe kwaleso naleso sahlukokuchaziwe ngezansi.

■ Isahluko 1 – Ukwethulwa kweSitatimende SikaZwelonke SohleloLwezifundo

Lesi sahluko sichaza imigomo kanye nesakhiwo nezimpawu zokuhlela ISitatimende SikaZwelonkeSohlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele). Sinikeza isingeniso sohlelolokufunda.

■ Isahluko 2 – Ukwethulwa KweNkundla yokuFunda YeziLimi

Lesi sahluko sichaza incazelo, inhloso, umklamo, ezemfundo nemikhakha yemisebenzi kanyenemiPhumela yokuFunda yeNkundla yokuFunda yeziLimi. Sinikeza indlela okuqhutshwa ngayoeNkundleni yokuFunda yeziLimi.

■ Isahluko 3 – ImiPhumela yokuFunda, Amazinga okuHlola, OkuQukethwe Nezimo

Lesi sahluko siqukethe Amazinga okuHlola alowo nalowo mphumela wokufunda nokuqukethwenezimo zesifundo. Amazinga okuHlola ahlelwe ukuze elekelele umfundi waleli bhuku ukuthi aboneintuthuko ehlosiwe ukusuka eBangeni- 1e -10 kuya kwele -12. Amazinga okuHlola abekwengendlela eyendlalekile emakhasini ahamba ngamabili. Ekugcineni kwesahluko kunezizathuzokusekela zokuqukethwe nezimo zokufundisa, zokufunda nokuzuza Amazinga okuHlola.

■ Isahluko 4 – Ukuhlola

Lesi sahluko siphathelene nendlela evamile yokuhlola. Ithebula lezincazelo zamakhono esifundwenilinikeziwe ekugcineni kwesahluko. Ithebula liqukethe ikhodi, isilinganiso nezincazelo zamakhonozalelo nalelo banga. Izincazelo zamakhono zihlelwe ngendlela yokuthi ofundayo akwazi ukubonaukuthuthuka ukusuka eBangeni- le-10 kuya kwele-12.

IziLimi – IsiZulu uLimi LwaseKhaya

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■ Izimpawu

Izimpawu ezilandelayo zisetshenziselwa ukubonisa imiPhumela yokuFunda, AmaZinga okuHlola,amaBanga, iKhodi, isiLinganiso, IziNcazelo zamaKhono, OkuQukethwe neSimo:

= UmPhumela wokuFunda

= AmaZinga okuHlola

= IBanga

= IKhodi

= isiLinganiso

= IziNcazelo zamaKhono

= OkuQukethwe neSimo


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L

Z


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OKUQUKETHWE

INDLELA YOKUSEBENZISA LE NCWADI iii

IZIFINYEZO/AMA-AKHRONIMI ix

ISAHLUKO 1: UKWETHULWA KWESITATIMENDE SIKAZWELONKE SOHLELOLWEZIFUNDO 1

IMIGOMO 1

Ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo yomphakathi 2

Imfundo esekwe emiphumeleni 2

Ulwazi oluphakeme namakhono aphekeme 3

Ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhono 3

Inqubekela phambili yolwazi 3

Ukuhambisana nokuthwaleka 4

Amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela, ubulungiswa bezemvelo nezenhlalo yomphakathi 4

Ukwazisa izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko 5

Ukukholakala, uhlonze nokuqeqesheka/negunya 5

UHLOBO LOMFUNDI OLULINDELWE 5

UHLOBO LUKATHISHA OLULINDELWE 6

ISAKHIWO NEZIMPAWU ZOKUHLELA 6

Isakhiwo seSitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo 6

Okuqukethwe yiZitatimende zeziFundo eNkundleni yokuFunda yeziLimi

UMHLAHLANDLELA WEZINHLELO ZOKUFUNDA 8

ISAHLUKO 2: UKWETHULWA KWENKUNDLA YOKUFUNDA YEZILIMI 9

INCAZELO 9

INHLOSO 9

UMKLAMO 10

Ukudidiyela 10

Amazinga olimi 11

UKUXHUMANA KWEZEMFUNDO NEMIKHAKHA YEMISEBENZI 12

IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA 13

Umphumela wokuFunda 1: Ukulalela nokukhuluma 13

Umphumela wokuFunda 2: Ukufunda nokubukela 13

Umphumela wokuFunda 3: Ukubhala nokwethula 14

Umphumela wokuFunda 4: Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi 14

ISAHLUKO 3: IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA, AMAZINGA OKUHLOLA, OKUQUKETHWE NEZIMO 16

Umphumela wokuFunda 1: Ukulalela nokukhuluma 16

Umphumela wokuFunda 2: Ukufunda nokubukela 26

Umphumela wokuFunda 3: Ukubhala nokwethula 36

Umphumela wokuFunda 4: Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi 44

OKUQUKETHWE KANYE NEZIMO EZIBONAKALISA UKUZUZWA KWAMAZINGA OKUHLOLA 52

Ukusetshenziswa kwamathekisthi ekufundiseni kolimi 52

Ukuqonda ukuthi amathekisthi akhiwe kanjani 53


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ISAHLUKO 4: UKUHLOLA 57

ISINGENISO 57

KUNGANI KUHLOLWA 57

IZINHLOBO ZOKUHLOLA 58

Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo 58

Ukuhlola okuxilongayo 58

Ukuhlola okwakhayo 58

Ukuhlola okuqoqayo 59

UKUHLOLA KUMELE KUBE NJANI FUTHI KWENZENI? 59

KUHLOLWA KANJANI 59

IZINDLELA ZOKUHLOLA 60

Ukuzihlola komfundi 60

Ukuhlolwa komfundi ngontanga 60

Ukuhlolwa kweqembu 60

IZINDLELA ZOKUQOQA UBUFAKAZI BOKUHLOLA 60

Ukuhlola okwesekwe ekuqapheleni 61

Ukuhlola okwesekwe esivivinyweni 61

Ukuhlola okwesekwe emsebenzini 61

UKUQOPHA NOKUBIKA 61

Izindlela zokuqopha 61

Ukubika ukusebenza nempumelelo 63

IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO ESIFUNDWENI 64

INQUBEKELA PHAMBILI 64

INDLELA AMAKHADI OKUBIKA OKUMELE ABUKEKE NGAYO 64

UKUHLOLWA KWABAFUNDI ABANEZINGQINAMBA EKUFUNDENI 65

IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO OLIMINI LWASEKHAYA 66

IGLOSARI (UHLU LWEZINCAZELO ZAMAGAMA) 91


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IZIFINYEZO/AMA-AKHRONIMI

HQ UkuHlola okuQhubekayo (CASS)HQZ UHlaka lweziQu lukaZwelonke (NQF)MSP ImFundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni (OBE)MQJ ImFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele (GET)MQQ IMfundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo (FET)MQZNA UMkhandlu wokuQinisekisa iZiqu waseNingizimu Afrika (SAQA)NZ INgculaza (AIDS) SN ISandulela Ngculaza (HIV)SZHF ISitatimende sikaZwelonke soHlelo LweziFundo (NCS)ZLN IziNhlelo zoLwazi lweNdabuko (IKS)


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ISAHLUKO 1

UKWETHULWA KWESITATIMENDE SIKAZWELONKE SOHLELOLWEZIFUNDO

Ukwamukelwa koMthethosisekelo waseRephabhuliki yaseNingizimu Afrika (Umthetho we- 108 we- 1996)kwasinikeza isendlalelo sokuguqulwa nokwakhiwa kohlelo lokufunda eNingizimu Afrika. IsendlalelosoMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika sithi izinhloso zomthethosisekelo yilezi:

■ ukuqeda ubandlululo lwesikhathi esedlule nokwakha umphakathi onesisekelo samagugu entando yeningiubulungiswa bezenhlalo nesisekelo samalungelo esintu;

■ ukuthuthukisa izinga lempilo lazo zonke izakhamuzi nokukhulula amakhono alowo nalowo muntu;■ ukubeka isisekelo somphakathi wentando yeningi novulelekile lapho uhulumeni egxile entandweni yabantu

nazo zonke izakhamuzi ezivikelwe ngumthetho ngokulinganayo; kanye■ nokwakha iNingizimu Afrika ebumbene nekhululekile ekwazi ukuthatha indawo yayo eyifanele enguzibuse

emndenini wezizwe.

UMthethosisekelo uqhubeka nokuthi “wonke umuntu unelungelo… lokuqhubeka nemfundo okumele uMbusouyenze ibe khona futhi itholakale ngokuqhubekayo, ngezindlela ezifanele.”

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sibekaisisekelo sokuzuzwa kwalezi zinhloso ngokubeka imiPhumela yokuFunda naMazinga okuHlola nokuveza obalaimigomo namagugu asekela uhlelo lwezifundo.

IMIGOMO

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sesekweemigomeni elandelayo:

■ ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo yomphakathi; ■ imfundo esekwe emiphumeleni; ■ ulwazi oluphakeme namakhono aphakeme; ■ ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhono; ■ inqubekela phambili yolwazi; ■ ukuhambisana nokuthwaleka;■ amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela, ubulungiswa bezemvelo nezenhlalo yomphakathi; ■ ukwazisa izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko; kanye■ nokukholeka, uhlonze nokuqeqesheka / negunya.


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Ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo yomphakathi

UMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika (uMthetho we - 108 we-1996) wakha isisekelo sokuguqulwakwezenhlalo emphakathini owawukhungethwe ubandlululo. Ukuphoqeleka kokuguqulwa komphakathiwaseNingizimu Afrika ngezindlela ezahlukene kusukela emonakalweni owenziwa ubandlululo nhlangothizonke zalokho okwenziwa abantu, ikakhulukazi kwezemfundo. Ukuguqulwa kwezenhlalo emfundweni kuhloseukubhekelela ukungalingani kwezemfundo kwesikhathi esedlula, nokuthi amathuba emfundo alinganayoatholwa yizo zonke izingxenye zezizwe. Ukuze inguquko yezenhlalo iphumelele bonke abantu baseNingizimuAfrika kumele baqiniswe ngokwezemfundo ngokwazisa amandla abanawo nokususwa kwezithiyo mbumbuluekuzuzeni ubungcweti bolwazi.

Imfundo esekwe emiphumeleni

IMfundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni yakha isisekelo sohlelo lwezifundo eNingizimu Afrika. Ngokuhlelaimiphumela okufanele izuzwe emva kwesikhathi, ImFundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni izama ukuthi bonkeabafundi bakwazi ukuthola izinga eliphelele lokufunda kwabo ngokuhlela Amazinga okuHlola okumele izuzweekupheleni komgudu wemfundo. ImFundo eSekwe emiPhumeleni igqugquzela indlela egxile kumfundinasekwenzeni kwakhe emfundweni. ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12(Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) Amazinga okuHlola aso amaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele)emiPhumeleni esemQoka neThuthukisayo eyagqugquzelwa nguMthethosisekelo wathuthukiswa ngenquboyentando yeningi.

ImiPhumela eSemqoka idinga ukuba abafundi bakwazi uku:

■ bona baxazulule izinkinga, bakwazi nokwenza izinqumo besebenzisa ukucabanga ngokuhlaziyanangobuchule;

■ sebenza ngokuzinikela nabanye njengamalunga eqembu, lombuthano kanye nomphakathi;■ zihlanganisa bangamele nemisebenzi yabo ngokuzinikela nangempumelelo;■ qoqa, bahlaziye, bahlele bahlanganise bahlolisise ngokucubungula ulwazi;■ xoxisana ngempumelelo besebenzisa izinto ezibukwayo, ukufanekisa ngezimpawu kanye namanye

amakhono olimi ngezimo ezahlukene;■ sebenzisa isayensi nobuchwepheshe ngempumelelo nangokuhlolisisa bekhombisa nokuzinikela

kwezemvelo kanye nempilo yabanye; kanye■ nokukhombisa ukuqondisisa umhlaba njengebandla lezinhlelo ezihlobene ngokubona ukuthi izimo

zokuxazulula izinkinga azenzeki ngazodwana.


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ImiPhumela eThuthukisayo idinga ukuba umfundi akwazi uku:

■ cabanga ngokuzindla aphinde ahlolisise izinhlobo zamasu okufunda ngokuyimpumelelo enkulu;■ hlanganyela njengesakhamuzi esibophezelekile empilweni kuleyo ndawo ahlala kuyo esizweni

nasemhlabeni wonke jikelele; ■ ba nozwela kumasiko nokwazisa ubuhle ezimweni ezahlukene zemiphakathi;■ cubungula ngezemfundo namathuba emikhakha yemfundo; kanye■ nokwenza amathuba amabhizinisi.

Ulwazi oluphakeme namakhono aphakeme

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sihloseukuthuthukisa izinga eliphezulu lolwazi namakhono abafundi. Sihlela amathuba aphezulu angazuzwa abafundibaseNingizimu Afrika. Ubulungiswa bezenhlalo budinga ukuthi lezo zingxenye zabantu ababecindezelwengaphambilini ngenxa yokuswela ulwazi namakhono kumele banikwe amandla amakhono. ISitatimendeSikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo sikhombisa amazinga afanele olwazi namakhono okumele azuzwe kulelonalelo banga sihlele namazinga alindelekile angatholwa kuzo zonke izifundo.

Ukuhlanganisa nokusetshenziswa kwamakhono

Ukuhlanganisa kutholakala phakathi nakuzo zonke izifundo kanye nezinkundla zokufunda. Ukuhlanganisaulwazi namakhono kuzo zonke izifundo nasezindaweni zokusebenzisa amakhono kubalulekile ekuzuzeniikhono lokuzenzela njengoba lichazwe oHlakeni lweziQu lukaZwelonke. Ikhono lokuzenzela lihloseukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezintathu zamakhono-okuyikhono lokuzenzela, ikhono eliyisisekelo nelokucabangaekwamukeleni ukuhlanganisa nekhono lokuzenzela. ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo LwezifundoamaBanga-10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sifuna ukugqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa kokufundwakwethiyori, ukwenza, ukusebenzisa ulwazi nokucabanga osekwenziwe.

Inqubekela phambili yolwazi

Inqubekela phambili ichaza inqubo yokuthuthukisa amakhono nolwazi oluseqophelweni eliphezulu nolunzimaIZitatimende zeziFundo zikhombisa inqubekela phambili yolwazi kusuka ebangeni ukuya kwelilandelayo.UMphumela wokuFunda ngamunye ulandelwa isitatimende esicacisa ngokusobala ukuthi yiliphi izingalokusebenza elilindelekile kulowo mphumela. Amazinga okuHlola ahlelwe ngesakhiwo esibonisa izingaelikhuphukayo lokulindelekile ebangeni ngalinye. Okuqukethwe nengqikithi yalelo nalelo bangakuzosikhombisa inqubekela phambili ukusuka kokulula ukuya kokunzima.


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Ukuhambisana nokuthwaleka

Ukuhambisana kwamabanga kuqondiswe ebudlelwaneni obukhona phakathi kweziqu emazingeni nomaemikhakheni eyahlukene oHlakeni lweziQu lukaZwelonke ngezindlela ezigqugquzela ukufinyelela usukakwesinye isiqu uya kwesinye. Lokhu kubalulekile kuziqu ezingena ngaphansi komgudu owodwa. Njengobasazi ukuthi umKhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo utholakala phakathi kwemikhakha yemFundonokuQeqesha Jikelele nemFundo ePhakeme, kubalulekile ukuthi iSitifiketi semFundo nokuQeqeshaokuQhubekayo (Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sihambisane neSitifiketi semFundo nokuQeqesha Jikeleleneziqu emigudwini efanayo yemFundo ePhakeme. Ukuze kuzuzwe lokhu kuhambisana ukubhalwa kwalesoSitatimende sesiFundo kwahlanganisa ukuhlolisiswa kokulindelwe ezingeni lokuphuma eziZindeni zokuFundaemKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele, nalokho kokufundwayo okuthathwa njengokumele kube khonaemazingeni okungena ezifundo zohlobo lunye emFundweni ePhakeme.

Ukuthwaleka kuqondiswe ezingeni lapho ingxenye yesiqu (izifundo noma amaqophelo ezingxenye zesifundo)idluliselwa kwesinye isiqu semfundo emigudwini eyahlukene yokufunda yomkhakha ofanayo woHlakalweZiqu lukaZwelonke. Ngezinhloso zokuthuthukisa ukuthwala izifundo ezitholakele emaBangeni-10 – 12,izindlela ezehlukene zokwenza lokhu ezibhekisisiwe ezifana nokuthatha isifundo njengamaphuzu engama-20okuklomelisa amaqophelo ezingxenye zesifundo. Izifundo eziqukethwe yiSitatimende Sikazwelonke SohleloLwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) ziqhathaniswa namaqophelo ezingxenyezesifundo ezifanele zibhaliswe ngaphansi koHlaka lweziQu lukaZwelonke ukuze kusekelwe kabanziukuthwaleka kwezifundo emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo.

Amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela, ubulungiswa bezemvelo nezenhlalo yomphakathi

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga 10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sifunaukuthuthukisa amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela nobulungiswa bezenhlalo nezemvelo. Zonke lezi ZitatimendezeziFundo ezintsha ezibalwe kulolu hlaka zihlanganiswe nemigomo namasu obulungiswa bezenhlalonezemvelo kanye namalungelo esintu njengoba echaziwe kuMthethosisekelo waseNingizimu Afrika. Ikakhulu,ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) siyazwelaezindabeni zokwehluka njengobuphofu, ukungalingani, ubuzwe, ubulili, ulimi, ubudala nokukhubazeka nezinyeizimo.

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) samukelaindlela edidiyelayo ngokukhomba izidingo ezimbalwa zabafundi bonke. Imfundo yazisa ukuthi bonke abafundikumele ukuba bakwazi ukuthuthuka ngokusemandleni abo uma nje bengakwazi ukuthola ukuxhaswaokudingekayo. Izidingo zomqondo, zenhlalonhle, zemizwa, ezomoya nezomzimba zabafundi zizokuqondiswanokubhalwa kwezinhlelo zokufunda ezifanele nangokusebenzisa izikhali ezifanele zokuhlola.


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Ukwazisa izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko

Eminyakeni yawo 1960 ithiyori yezingqondo eziningi yaphoqelela abafundisi ukuba babone ukuthi ziningiizindlela zokuhlela ulwazi ukuze kuqondwe umhlaba nokuthi, umuntu bekufanele ukuba achaze kabushaubuhlakani, umuntu bekuyofanele athathe lezi zindlela ezahlukene ekuchazeni. Kuze kube ngaleyo nkathi izwelaseNtshonalanga lalisazisa ukuhleleka komqondo, ezezibalo, nokwazi amakhono olimi aqondile, lilinganisaabantu njengabantu “abakhaliphile” kuphela uma betshengisa la makhono. Manje abantu sebazisa izindlelazolwazi ezahlukene okungazo abantu abenza umqondo ngezwe abahlala kulona. Izinhlelo zolwazi lwendabukoendaweni yaseNingizimu Afrika zibhekiswe esilulwini solwazi esimbelwe ekucabangeni kwenzululwazi yase-Afrika nakwezenqubo yesimo senhlalo ezasunguleka eminyakeni eyizinkulungwane eyedlula. ISitatimendeSikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) singenisa umqondowezinhlelo zolwazi lwendabuko eZitatimendeni zesiFundo ukwazisa ukunotha komlando namasiko aleli lizwenomthelela okube nawo njengomsuka wenguquko ukusiza ekuguquleni amagugu abafundi. Ngokulethaizinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokubona izinto ukusiza ekuxazululeni izinkinga kuzo zonke izimo.

Ukukholakala, uhlonze nokuqeqesheka/negunya

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) sihloseukuzuza ukukholeka ngokulandela uhlelo lwezinguquko nangokuhlinzeka ngohlobo lwemfundoolungaqhathaniseka ngokwegunya, ubude nobubanzi naleyo yakwamanye amazwe. Ukuqinisekisa ngokwegunyakumele kuhanjiswe ngokwezidingo zomThetho womKhandlu weziQu waseNingizimu Afrika (uMthetho wama-58we – 1995), imiThetho yokuQinisekisa uHlonze yemFundo nokuQeqesha, noMthetho wesiQinisekiso soHlonzewemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele kanye neQhubekayo (uMthetho wama-58 we—2001).

UHLOBO LOMFUNDI OLULINDELWE

Okusemqoka ekuzakheni kwethu njengabantu amagugu lawa asinikeza incazelo ezinkambweni zethuzokomoya wengqondo nokucatshangwayo. The Manifesto on Values, Education and Democracy (Departmentof Education, 2001:9–10) isho lokhu okulandelayo mayelana nemfundo namagugu:

Values and morality give meaning to our individual and social relationships They are the commoncurrencies that help make life more meaningful than might otherwise have been. An education systemdoes not exist to simply serve as a market, important as that may be for economic growth and materialprosperity. Its primary purpose must be to enrich the individual, and by extension, the broader society.

Uhlobo lomfundi olindelwe ilolo oluzothelelwa ngamagugu noluzokwenza konke kube sentandweniyomphakathi kugxiliswe ekuhlonipheni intando yeningi, ukulingana, ukuhlonipha isintu nobulungisabezomphakathi njengoba kugqugquzelwa uMthethosisekelo.


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Umfundi ophuma emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo kumele akhombise ukuthi useyizuzileimiPhumela eSemqoka neThuthukisayo ebalwe ngasekuqaleni kwalo mbhalo. Izifundo ezitholakalaemFundweni eyisiSekelo ngokuqoqekile zigqugquzela ukuzuzwa kwemiPhumela eSemqoka neThuthukisayongenkathi izifundo ezithile ezingaphansi kwengxenye ewuMongo neyokweNgeza ngayinye zigqugquzelaukuzuzwa kwemiphumela ethile eyisiSekelo neThuthukisayo.

Ngaphezu kwalokhu abafundi abaphuma emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo okunohlonzekumele:

■ babe nelungelo lokuthola imfundo, babe nempumelelo emfundweni nokuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo impiloyonke;

■ bakwazi ukutshengisa ikhono lokucabanga ngokuhleleka nangokuhlolisisa baphinde bacabangengokuphelele nangendlela yokuxazulula inkinga ngokungayiqondi ngqo; baphinde

■ bakwazi ukudlulisela amakhono abanawo ezimweni ezijwayelekile nezingajwayelekile.

UHLOBO LUKATHISHA OLULINDELWE

Bonke othisha nabafundisi nabanye abaphathi bezemfundo bangababambi qhaza abasemqoka ezinguqukwenizezemfundo eNingizimu Afrika. ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGuduwokuFunda Jikelele) sihlose ukuba nothisha abanolwazi, abanamakhono okwenza umsebenzi, abazinikelayo,nabanakekelayo. Bazokwazi ukufeza izinhlobo zemisebenzi ababhekene nayo njengoba ihlelwe emiThethweninemiGomo yabaFundisi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuba ngabaxhumanisi bokufunda, abahumushi nabahlelibezinhlelo nezinsiza kufunda nokufundisa, abaholi, abaphathi nezimenenja, izazi, abacwaningi nabafundiabafunda impilo yabo yonke, amalungu omphakathi, izakhamuzi nabelusi, abahloli, nochwepheshe bezifundo.

ISAKHIWO NEZIMPAWU ZOKUHLELA

Isakhiwo seSitatimende SikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo

ISitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) siquketheumBhalo oyiNcazelo jikelele, uHlaka lweNqubomgomo yeziQu nokuHlola kanye nomBhalo weZitatimendezesiFundo.

Izifundo ezitholakala eSitatimendeni Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFundaJikelele) zehlukaniswe ngeziNkundla zokuFunda.


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Iyini iNkundla yokuFunda?

Inkundla yokufunda iyingxenye esebenza njengesizinda sezifundo eziwuhlobo lunye, nekhuthaza ukwakhiwakwemithetho yokudidiyela izifundo zeSitifiketi semFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo (UmGudu wokuFundaJikelele). Ukuhlukaniswa kweziNkundla zokuFunda zamaBanga-10 – 12 kubhekela ukuhambisana nemikhakhayemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele nemFundo ePhakeme, kanye nezindlela zokuhlela zakwamanye amazwe.

Nakuba ukwakhiwa kweSitatimende SikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGuduwokuFunda Jikelele) kusebenzise izinkundla zokuhlela eziyishuminambili uHlaka lweziQu lukaZwelonkenjengomsuka waso, kumele kugcizelelwe ukuthi lezi zinkundla zokuhlela eziyishumi nambili akuzonaiziNkundla zokuFunda noma ‘izinkundla zolwazi’ kodwa zixhunyaniswe ezinhlelweni zemisebenzi.

Inhlanganisela yezifundo elandelayo ihlukaniswe ngeziNkundla zokuFunda ukuze isize abafundi ekudidiyeleniizifundo:

■ IziLimi (eziyisiSekelo)■ UbuCiko namaSiko;■ EzamaBhizinisi, ezoHwebo, iziFundo zeziNsizakalo nokuPhatha;■ EzokuKhiqiza, ezobuNjiniyela nezobuChwepheshe;■ Inzululwazi ngaBantu nezokuHlalisana kwaBantu, neziLimi; kanye ■ Nenzululwazi yezeMvelo, eMethametiki, eKhompyutha, ezeMpilo nawezoLimo.

Siyini isifundo?

Isifundo endulo sasichazwa njengesilulu ‘solwazi’ lwemfundo. Lolu lwazi lwesifundo lugcizelela ulwazikunamakhono, amagugu nendlela yokuthatha/yokubheka izinto. Izifundo zazibukwa ngabanye njengeziyizintoezimile ezingaguquki, futhi zazinemingcele elukhuni engaguquki. Ngokujwayeleke kakhulu, izifundozazigcizelela kabanzi umthelela wolwazi lwaseNtshonalanga.

Ohlelweni lwemfundo esekwe emiphumeleni njengeSitatimende SikaZwelonke Sohlelo lweziFundo amaBanga10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele), imingcele isiyafiphala. Ulwazi luhlanganisa ithiyori, amakhononamagugu. Izifundo zibukeka njengeziguqukayo, okumele ukuba zamukele ulwazi olusha nolwahlukenezihlanganise nolwazi olwaluvame ukuba lungafakwa ohlelweni olusemthethweni lokufunda.

Isifundo ohlelweni lwemfundo esekwe emiphumeleni sichazwa kabanzi ngemiPhumela yokuFunda, hhayi njekuphela ngesilulu sokuqukethwe. Engqikithini yaseNingizimu Afrika, Amazinga okuHlola ngokuhlelekakumele iholele ekuzuzweni kwemiPhumela esemQoka neThuthukisayo. ImiPhumela yokuFunda ichazwakabanzi futhi ikhululekile, ikwazi ukuvumela ukungenisa izinto ezenzeka emphakathini okuphilwa kuwona.


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Uyini umPhumela wokuFunda?

UmPhumela wokuFunda isitatimende somphumela ohlosiwe wokufunda nokufundisa, uchaza ulwazi,amakhono namagugu okumele umfundi awazuze ekupheleni komkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqeshaokuQhubekayo. ImiPhumela yokuFunda yakha iqoqa lezifundo.

Liyini Izinga lokuHlola?

Amazinga okuHlola izimpawu ezichaza lokho umfundi amele ukukwazi, akwazi nokukwenza ebangeni elithile.Ihlanganisa ulwazi, amakhono namagugu adingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe Amazinga okuHlola. Amazinga okuHlolaekhona kulowo nalowo mPhumela wokuFunda itshengisa ngokuhlanganyela ukuthi ukukhula komqondokwenzeka kanjani ukusuka ebangeni ukuya kwelinye.

Okuqukethwe yiZitatimende zesiFundo eNkundleni yokuFunda yeziLimi

Yileso naleso Sitatimende sesiFundo siqukethe izahluko ezine kanye nokuchazwa kwamagama/iglosari.

■ Isahluko- 1, Ukwethulwa kweSitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo lweziFundo: Lesi sahluko esiqukethekonke sisethulela iSitatimende Sikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga 10 – 12 (Umgudu wokuFundaJikelele).

■ Isahluko- 2, Ukwethulwa KweNkundla Yokufunda YeziLimi: Lesi sahluko sisethulela izimpawu ezisemqokazeNkundla yokuFunda yeziLimi. Siqukethe incazelo yenkundla yokufunda, inhloso, ububanzi, ezemfundonemikhakha yemisebenzi, nemiPhumela yokuFunda.

■ Isahluko- 3, ImiPhumela yokuFunda, Amazinga okuHlola, okuQukethwe neZimo: Lesi sahluko siquketheimiPhumela yokuFunda kanye naMazinga okuHlola ehambisana nayo, nokuQukethwe neZimoezibonakalisa ukuzuzwa kwaMazinga okuHlola.

■ Isahluko- 4, Ukuhlola: Lesi sahluko sichaza inqubomgomo yokuhlola sinikeze nezizathu zokusekelazokuqopha nokubika ekuhloleni. Siphinde sinikeze uhlu lokuchazwa kokwazi ukwenza okuqondene ngqonesifundo .

■ IGlosari: Lapho kufanele khona, uhlu lwamagama jikelele akhethiwe kanye naqondene ngqo nesifundoachaziwe ngamafuphi.

UMHLAHLANDLELA WEZINHLELO ZOKUFUNDA

UHlelo lokuFunda luchaza ububanzi bokufunda nokuhlolwa kwamabanga amathathu omkhakha wemFundonokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo. Luwuhlelo oluqinisekisa ukuthi umfundi uzuza Amazinga okuHlola njengobakunqunyiwe Amazinga okuHlola akulelo banga. UmHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda usiza othisha nabanyeabaklami beziNhlelo zokuFunda ekuhleleni nasekwakheni izinhlelo zokufunda nokufundisa nokuhlolaokunohlonze.


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ISAHLUKO 2

UKWETHULWA KWENKUNDLA YOKUFUNDA YEZILIMI

INCAZELO

Ulimi isikhali sokuba abantu bakwazi ukuveza imicabango, bakwazi ukuxhumana. Ukuhlukana ngamasikonobudlelwane bokuhlalisana bakhiwa buvezwe ngalo ulimi. Ukufunda ukusebenzisa ulimi ngempumelelokusiza abafundi ukuba bakwazi ukucabanga nokuthola ulwazi, ukuze bakwazi ukuveza ubuzwe babo, imizwanemicabango yabo, ukuze bakwazi ukuxhumana nokwazana nabanye kanye nokuphatha umhlaba wonke.

INHLOSO

Ngokubona ukwahlukahlukana kwezilimi namasiko aseNingizimu Afrika, izakhamuzi zakhona kumele zikwaziukuxhumana ngazo zonke izilimi ngokungahlangabezani nezingqinamba zolimi, baqinisekise ukuhloniphanokuqonda amasiko nokuphathelene nezilimi. Ukwahlukahlukana kwezilimi kwamukelwa futhi kwenziwaigugu nguMthethosisekelo wezwe ngokuthi wenze izilimi eziyi-11 zibe semthethweni zihambisaneneNqubomgomo yoLimi emFundweni yobuliminingi obengezayo. Abafundi baphoqelekile ukufundaokungenani izilimi ezimbili njengeziyisiSekelo kanti ezinye izilimi zingafundwa njengeziwuMongo kanye /noma ezokuziKhethela.

EmKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele ukuthuthukiswa kakhulu kolwazi lolimi lwasekhaya lomfundikuyagcizelelwa ukuze akwazi ukuba afunde nezinye izilimi zokwengeza. Ngesikhathi abafundi sebenza ibangale-10, basuke sebeke bahlangabezana futhi bazizama izilimi zokwengeza, kungenzeka nokuthi sebekebasebenzisa ulimi lokwengeza ekufundeni uMkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo okunikezaabafundi amathuba okuqinisa nokuthuthukisa amakhono abo okusebenzisa izilimi eziningi. Ngesikhathiabafundi beqhubeka namabanga aphezulu balindeleke ukuba bakwazi ukusebenzisa ulimi ngokugelezaokukhulayo, ngobuchwepheshe nangokunembayo ezimweni ezinhlobonhlobo ezikhulayo. Balindeleke ukubabazifundele futhi bazithuthukise ngokwabo ukuze bakwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono obuliminingi ezimweniezehlukahlukene ezinzima neziphonsa inselelo.

Uhlu lwezinhlobonhlobo zamakhono okufunda nokuloba oludingekayo ukuze umuntu akwazi ukubamba iqhazangempumelelo emphakathini nasemsebenzini nasemnothweni womhlaba wonke jikelele weminyakaeyizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili nanye selukhule ngaphezu kokulalela nokukhuluma, ukufunda,ukubhala nobuciko bomlomo selufaka amakhono anhlobonhlobo anjengokusakaza, umdwebo, ulwazi,amakhompyutha, amasiko, kanye nokufunda nokuloba ngokuhlaziya. Uhlelo lwemfundo yoLimi lulungiselelaabafundi ngezinselelo abayobhekana nazo njengezakhamuzi zaseNingizimu Afrika nanjengamalunguomphakathi womhlaba wonke.

UMkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo lwenza abafundi bakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingoeziningi zemiPhumela eSemqoka neThuthukisayo, kuhlanganisa nalokhu okulandelayo okuphokophelwe:

■ Ukuthuthukisa nokujulisa amazinga olimi abaluthole emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele, lokhukumbandakanya ukusebenzisa amakhono olimi ngokwengqondo adingeka ekufundeni kwabo ohlelwenilwemfundo yabo yonke, ukwazisa nokujabulela ubuhle bemibhalo, ukuze bakwazi ukulalela, ukukhuluma,ukufunda nokubhala ngokuzethemba nangenjabulo. Lo mqondo namakhono anjalo yikona okwenzaumongo wokuthokozela imfundo yempilo yabo yonke.

■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi ngendlela efanele ezimweni zempilo bebhekelela izethameli, inhloso nendawo. ■ Ukuveza nokusekela imicabango / imibono kanye nemizwa yabo ngokuzethemba ukuze bakwazi ukuba

abantu abazimele nabakwazi ukucabanga bajule. ■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi nemicabango yabo ukumela nokuhlola ulwazi lwabantu ngokusebenzisa amathekisthi

anhlobonhlobo, abafundi bakwazi ukucabanga nokuhlaziya ngezimpilo nolwazi lwabo nokuba bakwaziukubhekelela eminye imibono yomhlaba.

■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi ukufinyelela nokwengamela ulwazi lokufunda kulo lonke uhlobo lokufundanakwezinye izimo ezinhlobonhlobo. Ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala luyikhono elibalulekile kakhulu‘esikhathini solwazi’, lwakha isisekelo semfundo eqhubekayo.

■ Ukusebenzisa ulimi njengesikhali sokucabanga okunzulu nokunobuchule. Le nhloso iveza ukuthi ulwazilwakhiwa ngendlela okuhlaliswana ngayo emphakathini ngobudlelwane phakathi kolimi nomcabango.

■ Ukuveza imibono ephusile ngezinto aphathelene nokuziphatha namagugu. Ukuze bakwazi ukwakha izintoezingamagugu kubo, abafundi kumele bazimbandakanye namathekisthi eziphathelene namalungelo abantunezibopho ezinjengamalungelo ezingane, abesimame, abakhubazekile, abadala nokunye okuxhumekekwezobuzwe, amasiko, izinkolelo, izinga lempilo, ezenkolo, ubulili, neSNZ neZN, inkululekoyokukhuluma, ukucwaninga izici nezemvelo.

■ Ukusebenzisa amathekisthi anhlobonhlobo ngokuhlolisisa. Abafundi bazokwazi ukubona nokuphonsainselele ngendlela yokubona izinto, amagugu, ubudlelwane bamandla obutholakala phakathikwamathekisthi.

■ Ukubona ukungalingani ngamazinga ezilimi ezahlukene nezinhlobonhlobo zolimi. Abafundi bazokwaziukuphonsa inselele ekucindezelweni kwanoma yiluphi ulimi noma uhlobo lolimi, bamele amalungelo olimilwabo emphakathini okhuluma izilimi eziningi.

UMKLAMO

Ukudidiyela

Ukufundisa nokuhlola kumele kubhekelele ukudidiyela bonke abafundi kuphinde kutholakale namasuokubasiza ukuze bakwazi ukuthola noma bakhiqize amathekisthi olimi. Abanye abafundi abahlangabezananezingqinamba angeke bakwazi ukuzuza eminye yala Mazinga okuHlola njengoba yethulwe eSitatimendeniSikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo. Ngakho-ke lokhu okulandelayo kumele ukuba kubhekelwe:

■ Amathemu ‘chaza’, ‘phinda uchaze’, ‘xoxa’, ‘phinda uxoxe’, ‘beka ngawakho amazwi’,‘khuluma’, ‘isho’,‘xoxa’ ‘bhunga’, ‘chaza’, ‘buza’ ‘nokuxoxisana’ kumele aqondwe njengokufaka zonke izinhlobo


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zokuxhumana ngomlomo nokuxhumana okulotshwayo, kufakwa nokuxhumana ngezimpawu nezinsizazokuxhumana. Ngokufanayo, igama elithi ‘okuxoxwa ngomlomo’ kuhlanganisa kufaka ukuxhumanangezimpawu nezinye izinsiza zokuxhumana.

■ Amathemu ‘lalela’, ‘bheka’, ‘funda’ nokubukela ahlanganisa izindlela zokuxhumana ezinjengokufundwakwezindebe zomlomo nokuqaphela ulimi lwezimpawu.

■ Abafundi abahlangabezana nezingqinamba ekuboneni bangadinga izinsiza noma izincwadi ezisezimweniezinjenge-Breyili, isiqophamazwi sokulalela, umbhalo omkhulu, izinsiza ezizodinga ukuba basebenziseimizwa yokuthinta kanye nemidwebo. Umqondo othi ‘ukubona ngokwengqondo’ ungavezwangokusebenzisa amalunga omzimba. Okuphathelene negama ‘funda’ kufaka imithombo enjenge-Breyilinamabhuku aqoshwe kuziqophamazwi.

Amazinga Olimi

Ukufundwa koLimi emkhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo kumbandakanya zonke izilimiezisemthethweni: IsiBhunu, IsiNgisi, IsiNdebele, IsiXhosa, IsiZulu, isiSuthu, isiPedi (isiSuthu sase-Lebowa),isiTswana, isiSwazi, isiVenda kanye nesiTsonga neBreyili noLimi lweziMpawu futhi kungangezwa ngezinyeizilimi ezamukelwe yiBhodi yeziLimi yaseNingizimu Afrika.

IZitatimende zeziFundo zoLimi LwaseKhaya, uLimi LokuQala LokweNgeza kanye noLimi LwesiBiliLokweNgeza zingahunyushelwa ezilimini okungezona ezoMbuso futhi lezi zilimi zingafundiswanjengeziNgxenye eziwuMongo noma ezokuzikhethela zoHlelo LweMfundo.

Zonke izilimi zingafundiswa kumazinga alandelayo:

■ ULimi LwaseKhaya: ULimi Lwasekhaya lomfundi kudingeka ukuba lwesekelwe futhi luthuthukiswe ukuzelunikeze isendlalelo esiqinileyo sokufunda izilimi zokwengeza. EmKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqeshaokuQhubekayo, zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni zaseNingizimu Afrika zinemiPhumela yokuFunda yoLimiLwaseKhaya esezingeni eliphakeme, engaqhathaniswa nezinga lomhlaba jikelele. Lokhu kuhambisananezidingo zomthethosisekelo zokulingana kwezilimi ezisemthethweni. Izinga lolwazi lolimi lwasekhayakufanele lube sezingeni elingenza ukuba lusetshenziswe njengolimi lokufunda nokufundisa. Amakhonookulalela nokukhuluma kumele kugqugquzelwe ukuba athuthukiswe, acolisiswe kodwa kuleli zingamakugcizelelwe ukuthuthukisa amakhono okufunda nokubhala omfundi.

■ ULimi LokuQala LokweNgeza: Ukufunda ulimi lokuqala lokwengeza kugqugquzela ulwazi lokukhulumaizilimi eziningi nokuhlangana ngezamasiko nokuxhumana. Imiphumela yoLimi LokuQala LokweNgezainikeza amazinga obuchwepheshe olimi ahlangabezana nesiqalo samazinga adingekayo ekufundeningempumelelo ohlelweni lonke, njengoba abafundi bengafunda ngoLimi LokuQala LokweNgeza esimwenisaseNingizimu Afrika. Lokhu kufaka amakhono olimi okucabanga nokufunda adingekayo ekucabangeninasekufundeni. Lokhu kubhekiswe kuzo zonke izilimi ezisemthethweni. Kuzoba khona ukugcizelelaokulinganayo kwamakhono okulalela, okukhuluma, okufunda nokubhala.


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■ ULimi LwesiBili LokweNgeza: Ukufunda ulimi lwesibili lokwengeza kuqhubela phambili ulwazilokukhuluma izilimi eziningi nokuxhumana ngokwamasiko. Nanoma amakhono okufunda nokubhalaezothuthukiswa, kuleli zinga kuzogcizelelwa ukuthuthukisa amakhono okukhuluma nokulalela. IzingaloLimi LwesiBili lokweNgeza kufanele libhekise ekuthuthukiseni ukuxhumana phakathi kwabantu.

Engxenyeni eyiSisekelo yomkhakha wemFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo bonke abafundi mababebefunde izilimi ezimbili ezisemthethweni okungenani olulodwa LwaseKhaya nolulodwa oLimini LokuQalaLokweNgeza noma ezingeni loLimi LwaseKhaya. Olulodwa lwalezi zilimi malube uLimi LokuFundanokuFundisa. Ezingxenyeni zezifundo ezinguMongo nezeNgeziwe, izilimi ezisemthethweni zingafundwaezingeni loLimi LwaseKhaya, uLimi LokuQala LokweNgeza kanye/noma uLimi LwesiBili LokweNgezaikakhulukazi kubafundi abanothando lwezilimi nokuthuthukisa ulwazi lwezilimi eziningi.

UKUXHUMANA KWEZEMFUNDO NEMIKHAKHA YEMISEBENZI

EmKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele, izilimi zifundiswa esiZindeni sokuFunda seziLimi kantiesigabeni semFundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo, iNkundla yeziLimi ixhumana nenkundla yokuhlelayokufunda: INkundla Yezokuxhumana nokufunda Ilimi yomKhandlu wokuQinisekisa iziQu waseNingizimuAfrika. Ukuqinisekisa inqubekela phambili izinqubomgomo zokuhlela ezifanayo zisetshenziswenjengasemKhakheni wemFundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele:

■ amakhono olimi okulalela, okukhuluma, okufunda nokubhala awumgogodla wokuthuthukisa AmazingaokuHlola; kanye

■ nokusetshenziswa kwezinhlobonhlobo zamathekisthi, kusiza abafundi ukuba bakwazi ukuhlola izindabaeziphathelene nomuntu uqobo lwakhe, isizwe nomhlaba jikelele nokwakha ulwazi oluthuthukayo lomhlaba.

Ukufunda izilimi kungaholela emikhakheni yezilimi njengobuntatheli, ukuhumusha, ukufundisa ulimi,ukukhangisa, ukuxhumanisa njalonjalo. Kepha, kuyabonakala ukuthi izilimi ziyisisekelo sakho konkeukufunda, hhayi kuphela empilweni yansuku zonke kodwa nasendaweni yokusebenza. Ukuthuthuka kohwebokuncike ekhonweni lolimi lomfundi. Emhlabeni wobuchwepheshe obuncintisana ezingeni eliphakeme,ukungena komfundi kunqunywa ngekhono lokuxhumana lomfundi. Ulimi luyisifundo esiyisango okuthi umasifundiswa kabana sivimbele kakhulu amagunya omfundi okukhetha umsebenzi.

Ukwazi ukufunda nokuloba kuyisisekelo sokuqedelwa kwemisebenzi yansuku zonke kusiza emakhonweniumfundi azowasebenzisa impilo yakhe yonke ekubhekaneni nomhlaba. Ulimi luyisikhali esingenza lulaubudlelwane bomfundi nabantu abasemphakathini asondelene nawo nozwela ulimi olusetshenziswa ngalolunquma impumelelo nokwahluleka kobudlelwane obuningi phakathi kwabantu.


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IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA

Ububanzi nenhloso okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla kuhlanganiswe kwafingqwa kwaba Amazinga okuHlola amane.Nakuba le miphumela ihlelwe ngokwehlukana kumele ifundiswe, ihlolwe ngokuhlanganiswa esifundweni.

UmPhumela wokuFunda 1: Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Umfundi ukwazi ukulalela nokukhuluma kuhambisane nezinhloso, izethameli nezimo ezehlukahlukene.

Abafundi bayaqonda ukuthi ukukhuluma nokulalela kuyimisebenzi yokuhlalisana kwabantu okwenzekaezimweni ezithile kwenzelwa izinhloso nezethameli ezahlukene nokuthi ezethulwa ngomlomo kanye nesitayelaesisetshenziswa esimweni esithize, siyehluka kanjalo. Babona basebenzise ngokufanele amathekitshi athulwangomlomo nolimi olusetshenziswa ngokwabalaleli, inhloso nezimo ezinqunyelwe imigomo nezinganqunyelwemigomo.

Ukuxhumana nokulalela kuwumgogodla kuzo zonke izifundo. Ngokusebenzisa amasu ayimpumelelo okulalelanokuxhumana, abafundi baqoqa babuye bahlanganise ulwazi, bakhe ukwazi, baxazulule izinkinga nokwenekaimicabango nemibono. Amakhono okulalela ngokuhlolisisa enza izingane zikwazi ukubona amagugu nezimoezimbelwe emibhalweni nokuphonsa inselelo olimini olubandlululayo nolukhohlisayo.

UmPhumela wokuFunda 2: Ukufunda nokubukela

Umfundi ukwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze aqonde aphinde acubungule ngokuhlolisisa aphendulengezinhlobo zamathekisthi eziningi.

Amakhono athuthukiswe kahle okufunda nokubukela awumgogodla ekufundeni okuyimpumelelo kulo lonkeuhlelo lwezifundo nasekuzimbandakanyeni emphakathini nasemsebenzini. Abafundi bathuthukisaubuchwepheshe ekufundeni nasekubukeleni uhlu olubanzi lwamathekisthi, ngisho namathekisthi abukelwayoukuthola ulwazi. Abafundi babona ukuthi uhlobo lwamathekisthi nolimi olusetshenziswa ngokwenhloso,izethameli nesimo lubonisa kanjani inhloso, izethameli nesimo samathekisthi.

Abafundi basebenzisa izinhlu ezahlukene zamasu okufunda nokubukela ancike enhlosweni yabo yokufundakanye nohlobo lwamathekisthi. Abafundi bathola umqondo / umyalezo emathekisthini, babone amagugu nalokookucatshangwayo noma okuhlawumbeliswayo bese bephendula ngokuhlolisisa nangokucophelela. Ngokufundanokubukela abafundi beveza ubudlelwane ekubeni khona kwabo kanye nabanye. Ukufunda amathekisthikunikeza abafundi izibonelo zokubhala amathekisthi abo uqobo.


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UmPhumela wokuFunda 3: Ukubhala nokwethula

Umfundi ukwazi ukubhalela nokwethulela izinhloso nezethameli eziningi ezahlukahlukene esebenzisa izimisozolimi nezakhiwo ezifanele, ezimweni ezahlukene.

Ukubhala kuyisikhali esinamandla sokuxhumana esivumela abafundi ukuba bakhe baveze imicabangonemibono ngokubumbeneyo. Ukuzejwayeza ukubhala njalo, ngazo zonke izinhlobo zezimo, imisebenzinemikhakha yezifundo kwenza abafundi baxhumane ngenhloso nangobuchule. Inhloso wukuveza ababhaliabanekhono, abanengxubevange yolwazi abazokwazi ukusebenzisa amakhono abo okuthuthukisa amathekisthialotshiwe afanele, abukelwayo nasebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana ngokwezinhloso ezinhlobonhlobo.

UmPhumela wokuFunda 4: Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi

Umfundi ukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimi ngendlela efanele nangempumelelo.

Ngokusebenza nezimo eziyingxubevange zamathekisthi, abafundi bakhulisa amakhono abo okusebenzisa uliminokusebenzisa ukuqonda kwabo izakhi zolimi ngendlela eyamukelekile. Baba nekhono lokuhlolisisa ukuthiamagugu nobudlelwane bamandla kuzimelele kanjani olimini nokuthi ulimi lungaba namthelela munikwabanye.


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ISAHLUKO 3

IMIPHUMELA YOKUFUNDA, AMAZINGA OKUHLOLA,OKUQUKETHWE NEZIMO

AmaZinga okuHlola

Sikwazi lokhu uma umfundi ekwazi uku:

IBanga 10

UmPhumela wokuFunda 1

Ukulalela nokukhuluma

Umfundi ukwazi ukulalela nokukhulumakuhambisane nezinhloso, izethameli nezimoezehlukahlukene.

■ khombisa ulwazi lwezinhlobo ezahlukenezokuxhumana ngomlomo ukufeza izinhlosozokuxhumana nabanye abantu:

• funda abuye abelane ngemicabango,ekhombisa ukuqonda amagama aquketheimicabango, ephawula ngalokho abakebahlangabezana nako, avikele umbonowakhe, akwazi ukwethula impenduloengalungiselelwe, axoxe indaba;

• qala abuye aqhube ingxoxo ngokuthuthukisaizimiso ezifanele zokunikezelanangamathuba ukugcwalisa izikhalanokugqugquzela lapho kudingeka khona;

• nikeza, alandele izinkombandlelanemiyalezo ngokunembayo;

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AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola



• funda abuye abelane ngemicabango,khombisa ukuqonda amagama aquketheimicabango, ephawula ngalokho akeahlangabezane nako, evikela umbonowakhe, akwazi ukwethula impenduloengalungiselelwe axoxe indaba;

• qala abuye aqhube ingxoxo ngokukhombisaizimiso ezifanele zokunikezelanangamathuba, ukugcwalisa izikhalaukugqugquzela lapho kudingeka khona;

• nikeza, alandele izinkombandlelanemiyalezo enzima ngokunembayo;


• funda abelane ngemicabango, khombisaukuqonda amagama aqukethe imicabango,ephawula ngolwazi ngalokho akeahlangabezane nako, evikela umbonowakhe, akwazi ukwethula impenduloengalungiselelwe axoxe indaba;

• qala abuye aqhube ingxoxo ngokukhombisaizimiso ezifanele zokunikezelanangamathuba ngempumelelo, ukugcwalisaizikhala nokugqugquzela lapho kudingekakhona;

• nikeza, alandele izinkombandlelanemiyalezo enzima ngokunembayo;

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• bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni zamaqembungokuveza imicabango nemibono yakhe,alalele futhi ahloniphe naleyo ebekwaabanye, lapho exoxisana ngezindabaezinhlobonhlobo njengokudidiyela,nobudlelwano bamandla, ezemvelo, izindlelazokuziphatha kwabantu, usikompilo nenhlaloyabantu kanye nezindaba eziphathelenenamalungelo esintu;

• sebenzisa amakhono okuxoxisana ukuzebafinyelele ekuvumelaneni;

• bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni zeqembu,kuzinkulumo mpikiswano, ezidlangaleninasemihlanganweni esemthethweni, elandelaizinqubo ezamukelekileyo;

• thula isikhulumi ngokufanele aphinde ethulenamazwi okubonga;

• sebenzisa amakhono okuxoxisana nomuntungokubuza imibuzo aphinde ethule nombikongomphumela wophenyo.

AmaZinga okuHlola


UmPhumela wokuFunda 1(Uyaqhutshwa)



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• xoxisana nabanye ngempumeleloezingxoxweni zamaqembu ngokunekaimicabango nemibono yakhe, alalele futhiahloniphe naleyo ebekwa abanye, exoxisanangezindaba ezinhlobonhlobonjengokudidiyela, nobudlelwano bamandla,ezemvelo, izindlela zokuziphathwakwabantu, usikompilo nenhlalo yabantukanye nezindaba eziphathelene namalungeloesintu;

• sebenzisa amakhono okuxoxisana ukuzebafinyelele ekuvumelaneni;

• bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni zeqembu,ezinkulumweni mpikiswano, ezidlangaleninasemihlanganweni esemthethweni, elandelaizinqubo ezamukelekileyo;


• sebenzisa amakhono okuxoxisana nomuntungokubuza imibuzo aphinde ethule nombikowokuhlaziya umphumela wophenyo laphokudingeka khona.

• xoxisana nabanye ngempumeleloezingxoxweni zamaqembu ngokunekaimicabango nemibono yakhe, alalele futhiahloniphe naleyo ebekwa abanye, exoxisanangezindaba ezinhlobonhlobonjengokudidiyela, nobudlelwano bamandla,ezemvelo, izindlela zokuziphathwakwabantu, usikompilo nenhlalo ya bantukanye nezindaba eziphathelene namalungeloesintu;

• sebenzisa amakhono okuxoxisana ukuze bafinyelele ekuvumelaneni;

• bamba iqhaza ezingxoxweni zeqembuezinkulumweni mpikiswano, ezidlangaleni,nasemihlanganweni esemthethweni, elandelaizinqubo ezamukelekileyo;


• sebenzisa amakhono okuxoxisana nomuntungokubuza imibuzo aphinde ethule nombikowokuhlaziya umphumela wophenyo laphokudingeka khona.

AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela nokucwaningaokuzokwethulwa ngomlomo:

• cwaninga isihloko ngokuhlwayaemithombolwazini eyahlukahlukene;

• hlela ulwazi ngokuhambisanakwemicabango ngokukhetha imicabangoebalulekile nemininingwane enembayo nomaizibonelo zokusekela imibono esemqoka;

• bona abuye akhethe izakhiwo,ulwazimagama, izakhi zolimi nezimisoezifanele;

• lungiselela izingeniso neziphethoeziyimpumelelo;

• sebenzisa izinsiza ezifanele ezibonwayo,ezilalelwayo nezilalelwa zibukelwenjengamashadi, amaphosta, izithombe,amasilayidi, imifanekiso, umculo, umsindonezinto zokuxhumana ezisebenzisa ugesi.

AmaZinga okuHlola





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• cwaninga isihloko ngokuhlwayaemithombolwazini eyahlukene;

• hlela ulwazi ngokuhambanisanakwemicabango ngokukhetha imicabangoebalulekile nemininingwane enembayonoma izibonelo zokusekela imibonoesemqoka;

• bona aphinde akhethe izakhiwo,ulwazimagama, izakhi zolimi nezimisoezifanele;


• sebenzisa izinsiza ezifanele ezibonwayo,ezilalelwayo nezilalelwa zibukelwenjengamashadi, amaphosta, izithombe,amasilayidi, imifanekiso, umculo, umsindonezinto zokuxhumana ezisebenzisa ugesi.


• cwaninga isihloko ngokuhlwayaemithombolwazini eyahlukene;

• hlela ulwazi ngokuhambanisanakwemicabango ngokukhetha imicabangoebalulekile nemininingwane efanelenenembayo noma izibonelo zokusekelaimibono esemqoka;

• bona aphinde akhethe izakhiwo,ulwazimagama, izakhi zolimi nezimisoezifanele;


• sebenzisa izinsiza ezifanele ezibonwayo,ezilalelwayo nezilalelwa zibukelwenjengamashadi, amaphosta, izithombe,amasilayidi, imifanekiso umculo, umsindonezinto zokuxhumana ezisebenzisa ugesi.

AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa amakhono okulalela nawokwethulaokwethulwa ngomlomo ngendlela eshelelayonebonisa imizwa:

• bona abuye asebenzise amasu obucikobokukhuluma njengemibuzombumbulu,ukuhlaba ikhefu nokuphindaphinda;

• sebenzisa iphimbo, ukuqina kwezwi,ukushesha nokunensa, ukubheka izethamelinokusebenzisa ukuma komzimba nezithozomzimba ngendlela eyamukelekile ananelengokufanelekile;

• phimisa amagama ngaphandle kokuguqulaumqondo noma incazelo yawo;

• khombisa ukuqondisisa amathekisthiathulwa ngomlomo ngokuloba imicabangoesemqoka kanye/noma esekelayongokubhala amanothi, nezinhla zokubhekaokukhona nokungekho, ukufingqa ukubekangawakhe amagama kanye/ noma ukuphindaalande ngakuzwile futhi akuchaze;

• lalela ngokuhlolisisa abuye aphenduleimibuzo ukuze athole ukucaciseleka.kucaciseleka.

AmaZinga okuHlola





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■ khombisa amakhono okulalela nawokwethulaokwethulwa ngomlomo ngendlela eshelelayonebonisa imizwa:• sebenzisa amasu ajwayelekile obuciko

bokukhuluma, njengama-anekdothi,imibuzombumbulu, ukuhlaba ikhefunokuphindaphinda;



• khombisa ukuqondisisa amathekisthiathulwa ngomlomo ngokuloba imicabangoesemqoka kanye/noma esekelayo,ngokubhala amanothi, nezinhla zokubhekaokukhona nokungekho, ukufingqa nokubekangawakhe amazwi kanye/noma ukuphindaalande ngakuzwile futhi akuchaze;

• lalela ngokuhlolisa abuye aphenduleimibuzo ukuze athole ukucaciseleka.

■ khombisa amakhono okulalela nawokwethulaokwethulwa ngomlomo ngendlela eshelelayonebonisa imizwa:• sebenzisa amasu ajwayelekile obuciko

bokukhuluma, njengama-anekdothiimibuzombumbulu, ukuhlaba ikhefunokuphindaphinda;



• khombisa ukuqondisisa amathekisthiathulwa ngomlomo ngokuloba imicabangoesemqoka kanye/noma esekelayongokubhala amanothi, nezinhla zokubhekaokukhona nokungekho, ukufingqa nokubekangawakhe amazwi kanye/noma ukuphindaalande ngakuzwile futhi akuchaze;

• lalela ngokuhlolisa abuye aphenduleimibuzo ukuze athole ukucaciseleka.

AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa indlelaulimi olusebenza ngayo lapho kukhulunywa:• sebenzisa abuye ahlolisise ngokufanele

izitayela nerejista ukuze kuhambelanenenhloso, nezethameli nesimo;

• bona abuye achaze izindlela ezahlukenezokusetshenziswa kolimi ngokuqondaokuthuthukayo nokuncoma;

• bona asebenzise amasu okuncengaanhlobonhlobo;

• bona iziphakamiso nezinto ezicatshangwayoabuye ahlukanisa phakathi kwamaqinisonemibono;

• cabangela enze izahlulelo aphinde akusekelengobufakazi;

• bona ukuthi incazelo ingahlanekezelekakanjani ngokwengeza noma ngokushiywangaphandle kolwazi ngamabomu;

• bona imiphumela yezinhlobo zoliminjengolimi lobuchwepheshe nejagoni;

• bona ubudlelwane obukhona phakathi koliminamasiko naphakathi kolimi namandla;

• bona aphinde aphonse inselelo oliminiolusobala oluvusa imizwa nolukhohlisayo,oluchemayo, nolunokucwasana,nolunenkolelo engaguqukinjengasenkulumeni ze phrophagandanasezikhangisini.

AmaZinga okuHlola





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■ khombisa ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa indlelaulimi olusebenza ngayo lapho kukhulunywa: • sebenzisa abuye ahlolisise izitayela nerejista

ukuze kuhambelane nenhloso, nezethamelinesimo;

• bona abuye achaze izindlela ezahlukenezokusetshenziswa kolimi ngokuqondanokuncoma;

• bona asebenzise amasu okuncengaanhlobonhlobo amaningi;

• hlolisisa iziphakamiso nezintoezicatshangwayo, abuye ahlukanisa phakathikwamaqiniso nemibono;

• cabangela enze izahlulelo aphinde akusekelengobufakazi;

• bona ukuthi incazelo ingahlanekezelekakanjani ngokwengeza noma ngokushiywangaphandle kolwazi ngamabomu;

• bona aphinde ahlolisise imiphumelayezinhlobo zolimi njengolimilobuchwepheshe, nejagoni;

• bona ubudlelwane obukhona phakathi koliminamasiko, naphakathi kolimi namandla;

• bona aphinde aphonse inselelo oliminiolusobala oluvusa imizwa olunobuqilinolukhohlisayo, oluchemayo,nolunokucwasana, nolunenkoleloengaguquki njengasenkulumeni zephrophaganda nasezikhangisini.

■ khombisa ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa indlelaulimi olusebenza ngayo lapho kukhulunywa:• sebenzisa abuye ahlolisise izitayela nerejista

ukuze kuhambelane nenhloso, nezethamelinesimo;

• bona abuye achaze izindlela ezahlukenezokusetshenziswa kolimi ngokuqondanokuncoma.

• bona asebenzise amasu okuncengaanhlobonhlobo amaningi;

• hlolisisa iziphakamiso nezintoezicatshangwayo, abuye ahlukanisa phakathikwamaqiniso nemibono;

• cabangela enze imibono nezahlulelo aphindeakusekele ngobufakazi;

• bona ukuthi incazelo ingahlanekezekakanjani ngokwengeza noma ngokushiywangaphandle kolwazi ngamabomu;

• bona aphinde ahlolisise imiphumelayezinhlobo zolimi njengolimilobuchwepheshe, nejagoni;

• hlolisisa ubudlelwane obukhona phakathikolimi namasiko, naphakathi koliminamandla;

• bona aphinde aphonse inselelo oliminiolusobala oluvusa imizwa olunobuqilinolukhohlisayo, oluchemayo,nolunokucwasana, nolunenkoleloengaguquki njengasenkulumeni zephrophaganda nasezikhangisini.

AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa amasu anhlobonhlobo okufundanokubukela ukuze akuqondisise aphindeakuncome: • buza imibuzo ukuveza ukubikezela;• funda ngokushesha amatheksthi ehlunga

ukuze aveze umqondo osemqokangokufunda izihloko, izingeniso, izigabazokuqala nemisho eyizingeniso yezigaba;

• funda ngokushesha amatheksthi ekhaphezulu ukuze athole imininingwaneebalulekile yokusekela;

• funda ngokushelela nangokucophelelangokwenhloso nangokomsebenzi;

• fingqa imiqondo esemqoka nesekelayongamaphuzu kanye/noma ngezigaba;

• cabangela incazelo yamagamaangajwayelekile noma imifanekiso ezimweniezikhethiweyo ngokusebenzisa ulwazilohlelo, amakhono okuhlela ukufundanokuphinyiswa kwamalunga amagama,izinkomba zesimo, umsindo, umbala,isakhiwo, ukubekeka kanye nokusebenzisaimizwa;

• phinda afundisise, abukisise aphindeabuyekeze ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela

Umfundi ukwazi ukufunda nokubukela ukuze aqondeaphinde acubungule ngokuhlolisisa aphendulengezinhlobo zamathekisthi eziningi.

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■ khombisa amasu anhlobonhlobo okufundanokubukela ukuze akuqondisise aphindeakuncome: • buza imibuzo ukuveza ukubikezela; • funda ngokushesha amathekisthi ehlunga


• funda ngokushesha amathekisthi ekhaphezulu ukuze athole imininingwaneyokusekela;



• cabangela incazelo yamagamaangajwayelekile noma imifanekiso ezimweniezahlukene ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lohlelo,amakhono okuhlela ukufundanokuphinyiswa kwamalunga amagama,izinkomba zesimo, umsindo, umbala,isakhiwo, ukubekeka kanye nokusebenzisaimizwa;

• phinda afundisise, abukisise aphindeabuyekeze ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda;

■ khombisa amasu anhlobonhlobo okufundanokubukela ukuze akuqondisise aphindeakuncome:• buza imibuzo ukuveza ukubikezela; • funda ngokushesha amathekisthi ehlunga


• funda ngokushesha amathekisthi ekhaphezulu ukuze athole imininingwaneyokusekela;



• cabangela incazelo yamagamaangajwayelekile noma imifanekiso ezimweniezahlukene ngokusebenzisa ulwazi lohlelo,amakhono okuhlela ukufundanokuphinyiswa kwamalunga kwamagama,izinkomba zesimo, umsindo, umbala,isakhiwo, ukubekeka kanye nokusebenzisaimizwa;

• phinda afundisise, abukisise aphindeabuyekeze ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda;

AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ chaza incazelo yezinhlobonhlobo eziningizamathekisthi alotshiwe, abonwayo, alalelwayonalalelwa abukelwe: • thola ulwazi olufanele nemininingwane

emathekisthini; • chaza ukuthi okukhethiwe nokweqiwe

emathekisthini kuziyilolonga kanjaniizincazelo;

• veza umahluko phakathi kweqinisonombono bese enika eyakhe impendulo;

• bona umahluko phakathi kwencazeloeqondile negudliselayo;

• chaza umbono wombhali/womlandi/womlingiswa anikeze nobufakazi bokusekelaamaphuzu, obususelwe emathekisthini;

• chaza imvelaphi yamathekisti ephathelenenezenhlalo nezombusazwe nezamasiko;

• hlaziya ukuthi izimo ezahlukenezokukhuluma eziyizifenqo, eziwubucikonamasu asetshenziswa emibhalweninjengesifaniso, iseqamagama, isenamisi,isingathekiso, anakronizimu, uphawu, uteku,okzimoroni, ihaba, isifenyiso, ifuzamsindoukuqhathanisa, ukwenzasamuntu,ukwenzasasilwane, ukubhinqa, ukubhuqa,ubuqili, isathaya ukuqhathanisa okusobala,ukuphikisa, indida, ukuhlanekezela,uvuthondaba, upholavuthondaba nelithothisiziyilolonga kanjani incazelo yamathekisthi;

• chaza ngezinqumo zombhali abuyeaziqhathanise nezakhe;

• humusha ahlolisise amathekisthiawumdwebo ajwayelekile;

• nikeza asekele izimpendulo zakhengakufundile emathekisthini.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela


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■ hlola incazelo yezinhlobo eziningizamathekisthi, alotshiwe, abonwayo, alalelwayo,nalalelwa abukelwe: • thola ulwazi olufanele nemininingwane

emathekisthini; • hlolisisa ukuthi okukhethiwe nokweqiwe

emathekisthini kuzilolonga kanjaniizincazelo;

• veza umahluko phakathi kweqinisonombono bese echaza igalelo lakhe;

• bona umahluko phakathi kwencazeloeqondile negudliselayo;

• chaza umbono wombhali/womlandi/womlingiswa anikeze nobufakazibokusekela amaphuzu nobususelweemathekisthini;

• hlaziya nokuchaza imvelaphi yamathekisthiephathelene nezenhlalo nezombusazwenezamasiko;

• hlaziya ukuthi izimo ezihlukenezokukhuluma eziyizifenqo, eziwubucikonamasu asetshenziswa embhalweninjengesifaniso, iseqamagama, isenamisi,isingathekiso, anakronizimu, uphawu, uteku,isifenyiso, ifuzamsindo, okzimoroni, ihaba,ukuqhathanisa, ukwenzasamuntu,ukwenzasasilwane, ukubhinqa, ukubhuqa,isathaya, ubuqili, ukuqhathanisa okusobala,ukuphikisa, ukuhlanekezela, uvuthondaba,indida, ipholavuthondaba nelithothisiziyilolonga kanjani incazelo yamathekisthi;

• hlolisisa ngokucabangela nezinqumozombhali abuye aziqhathanisa nezakhe;

• humusha aphinde ahlolisise imidweboeyahlukene ematheksthini;


■ hlola incazelo yezinhlobo zamathekisthialotshiwe, abonwayo, alalelwayo, nalalelwaabukelwe: • thola ulwazi olufanele nemininingwane

emathekisthini; • hlolisisa ukuthi okukhethiwe nokweqiwe

emathekisthini kuzilolonga kanjaniizincazelo;

• veza umahluko phakathi kweqinisonombono bese eyisekela impendulo yakhe;

• chaza umahluko phakathi kwencazeloeqondile negudliselayo;

• hlolisisa umbono wombhali/womlandi/womlingiswa anikeze nobufakazibokusekela amaphuzu obukholisayonobususelwe emathekisthini;

• hlaziya nokuchaza imvelaphi yamathekisthiephathelene nezenhlalo nezombusazwenezamasiko;

• hlaziya ukuthi izimo ezihlukenezokukhuluma eziyizifenqo, eziwubucikonamasu asetshenziswa embhalweninjengesifaniso, iseqamagama, isenamisi,isingathekiso, anakronizimu, uphawu, uteku,isifenyiso, ifuzamsindo, okzimoroni, ihaba,ukuqhathanisa, ukwenzasamuntu,ukwenzasasilwane, ukubhinqa, ukubhuqa,isathaya, ubuqili, ukuqhathanisa okusobala,ukuphikisa, ukuhlanekezela, uvuthondaba,indida, ipholavuthondaba nelithothisiziyilolonga kanjani incazelo yamathekisthi;

• hlolisisa ngokucabangela nezinqumozombhali abuye aziqhathanisa nezakhe;

• humusha ahlolisise imidwebo eyahlukeneematheksthini anhlobonhlobo amaningi;


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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ chaza ukuthi ulimi nemifanekiso lungalubuyisalulolonge kanjani amagugu nesimo sokubhekaizinto ematheksthini: • bona achaze amagugu osikompilo namagugu

ezombusazwe, nezinkolelo indlelayokubheka/yokuthatha izinto nezinkolelonjengesimo esiphathelene nezindaba ezitintaubulili, amazinga okuhlupheka nobugwili,ubudala, ubudlelwane bamandla, ezempilo,amalungelo, esintu, nezemveloematheksthini;

• chaza ngesimo sokuchema, ukucwasanokubandlulula.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela


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■ cwaninga ukuthi ulimi nemifanekisolungalubuyisa lulolonge kanjani amagugunesimo sokubheka izinto emathekisthini: • hlolisisa amagugu, isimo nezinkolelo

eziphathelene nenhlalo namasiko kanyenezombusazwe, njengesimo esiphathelenenezindaba ezithinta ubulili, amazingaempilo, ubudala, ubudlelwane bamandla,amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela nezemveloemathekisthini;

• hlolisisa ngesimo sokuchema, ukucwasanokubandlulula;

■ cwaninga ukuthi ulimi nemifanekisolungalubuyisa lulolonge kanjani amagugunesimo sokubheka izinto emathekisthini: • hlolisisa amagugu, isimo nezinkolelo

eziphathelene nenhlalo namasiko kanyenezombusazwe, njengesimo esiphathelenenezindaba ezithinta ubulili, amazingaempilo, ubudala, ubudlelwane bamandla,amalungelo esintu, ukudidiyela nezemveloemathekisthini;

• hlolisisa ngesimo sokuchema, ukucwasanokubandlulula;

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ hlola izimpawu ezigqamileyo zamathekisthi,achaze nokuthi ziholela kanjani kokuchazwayo(lezi zakhiwo azingafundiswa ngokuhlukaniswanamathekisthi):

* amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezonawokuqanjwa: • bona achaze inhloso, isakhiwo

nokusetshenziswa kolimi emathekisthinikulo lonke uhlelo lokufundanjengemibiko, izinqubo, ukuphindaalande okufundiwe, ukunikezaizincazelo, ukucacisa nokufanekisa;

• bona abuye achaze amandla obucikobokubhala njengokusebenzisa izinhlobozefonti nobungako bamagama, izihlokonezihlokwana.

* amatheksthi awumbhalo:

inoveli, indaba emfushane, ubucikobomlomo/izinganekwane, ama-eseyiamafishane:• chaza ngokuthuthukiswa kwesakhiwo,

isakhiwana, udweshu, umlingiswanomsebenzi womlandi lapho kudingekakhona;

• bona achaze imiyalezo nezindikimbaezibhekise ezingxenyeni ezikhethiwekuthekisthi yonke;

• chaza ulwazi lwangaphambili nesizindaukuthi kunabudlelwane buninomlingiswa kanye/noma nendikimba;

• veza isimo, inkathi yezehlakalonesiphetho.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela


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■ hlola izimpawu ezigqamileyo zamathekisthi,achaze nokuthi ziholela kanjani kokuchazwayo(lezi zakhiwo azingafundiswa ngokuhlukaniswanamathekisthi):

* amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezonawokuqanjwa:• bona achaze inhloso, isakhiwo

nokusetshenziswa kolimi emathekisthinikulo lonke uhlelo lokufundanjengemibiko, izinqubo, ukuphindaalande okufundiwe, ukunikeza,izincazelo, ukucacisa, nokufanekisa;

• bona ahlolisise amandla obucikobokubhala njengokusebenzisa izinhlobozefonti nobungako bamagama, izihlokonezihlokwana.

* amathekisthini awumbhalo:

inoveli, indaba emfushane, ubucikobomlomo/ izinganekwane, ama-eseyiamafishane:• hlaziya ukukhula kwesakhiwo,

isakhiwana, udweshu, abalingiswanomsebenzi womlandi lapho kudingekakhona;

• humusha ahlolisise imiyalezonezindikimba ezibhekise ezingxenyeniezikhethiwe kuthekisthi yonke;

• hlolisisa ulwazi lwangaphambilinesizinda ukuthi kunabudlelwane buninomlingiswa kanye noma nendikimba;

• chaza isimo, inkathi yezehlakalo,ingwijikhwebu nesiphetho.

■ hlola izimpawu ezigqamileyo zamathekisthi,achaze ngokuthi ziholela kanjani kokuchazwayo(lezi zakhiwo azingafundiswa ngokuhlukaniswanamathekisthi):

* amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezonawokuqanjwa: • bona achaze inhloso, isakhiwo

nokusetshenziswa kolimi emathekisthinikulo lonke uhlelo lokufundanjengemibiko, izinqubo, ukuphindaalande, okufundiwe, ukunikezaizincazelo, ukucacisa nokufanekisa;

• bona ahlolisise amandla obucikobokubhala njengokusebenzisa izinhlobozefonti nobungako bamagama, izihlokonezihlokwana.

* amathekisthini awumbhalo:

inoveli, indaba emfushane, ubucikobomlomo/ izinganekwane, ama-eseyiamafishane:• hlaziya ukukhula kwesakhiwo,

isakhiwana, udweshu, abalingiswanomsebenzi womlandi lapho kudingekakhona;

• humushe ahlolisise imiyalezonezindikimba azibhekise ezingxenyeniezikhethiweyo kuthekisthi yonke;

• hlolisisa ulwazi lwangaphambilinesizinda ukuthu kunabudlelwane buninomlingiswa kanye noma nendikimba;

• humusha isimo, inkathi yezehlakalo,ingwijikhwebu nesiphetho.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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inkondlo (kufakwa nezibongo):• chaza ukuthi ukukhethwa kwamagama,

imifanekiso mqondo namasuokusebenzisa umsindo kungawuthintakanjani umoya, umqondo nendikimba;

• chaza ukuthi izakhiwo zemigqa nestanza,imvumelwano, isigqi nezimpawuzokuloba ziwulolonga kanjani umqondo.

umdlalo nokufundwa kwefilimu:• chaza ngobudlelwano phakathi

kwenkulumompendulwano nesenzekokanye nomlingiswa nendikimba;

• chaza ngesakhiwo, isakhiwana,ukuvezwa kwabalingiswa, udweshunenhloso yomdlalo;

• veza isakhiwo somdlalo abuye ahumusheokwenzeka enkundleni yokudlalela.

* amathekisthi abonwayo, alalelwayo, alalelwaabukelwe nasebenzisa izindlela eziningizokuxhumana:ukufundwa kwefilimu, umdlalokamabonakude nomdlalo osakazwayo:• veza achaze umyalezo nendikimba

nokuthi kunamthelela muni ethekisthini;• chaza ngekhono lokusetshenziswa

kwamathekisthi abukelwayo, alalelwayonalalelwa abukelwenjengokusetshenziswa kombala,isihlokwana ezichaza okuthile,ukwakheka nokubukeka, inkulumompendulwano, umculo, umsindo,ukukhanyisa, ukuhlela, isakhiwo,izitayela zokuthwebula, ubucikobokusebenzisa izithwebuli, ukunyakazakwezithwebuli ukubeka ngaphambilinangemuva.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukufunda nokubukela


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• chaza ukuthi izakhiwo zomugqanestanza, imvumelwano, isigqinezimpawu zokuloba, ziwulolongakanjani umqondo.

umdlalo nokufundwa kwefilimu:• hlolisisa inkulumompendulwano

nesenzeko, kanye nomlingiswanendikimba;

• hlolisisa isakhiwo, isakhiwana,ukuvezwa kwabalingiswa, udweshunenhloso yomdlalo nesigigabaesifihlelwe umlingiswa othile;

• humusha isakhiwo somdlalonokwenzeka enkundleni yokudlalela.

* amathekisthi abonwayo, alalelwayo,alalelwa abukelwe nasebenzisa izindlelaeziningi zokuxhumana: ukufundwa kwefilimu, umdlalokamabonakude nomdlalo osakazwayo:• veza achaze ahlolisise umyalezo

nendikimba nokuthi kunamthelela muniethekisthini;

• hlolisisa amandla obuchwepheshebamathekisthi abukelwayo, alalelwayo,nalalelwa abukelwe njengokusetshenziswakombala, isihlokwana, ukwakhekanokubukeka, inkulumo mpendulwano,umculo, umsindo, ukukhanyisa, ukuhlela,isakhiwo, izitayela zokuthwebula, ubucikobokusebenzisa izithwebuli, ukunyakazakwezithwebuli, ukubeka ngaphambilinengemuva.



• chaza ukuthi izakhiwo zomugqanestanza, imvumelwano, isigqinezimpawu zokuloba ziwulolongakanjani umqondo.

umdlalo nokufundwa kwefilimu:• hlolisisa inkulumompendulwano

nesenzeko, nobudlelwane phakathikomlingiswa nendikimba;

• hlolisisa ngesakhiwo, isakhiwana,ukuvezwa kwabalingiswa, udweshunenhloso yomdlalo nesigigabaesifihlelwe umlingiswa othile;

• humusha isakhiwo somdlalonokwenzeka enkundleni yokudlalela.

* amathekisthi abonwayo, alalelwayo,alalelwa abukelwe nasebenzisa izindlelaeziningi zokuxhumana: ukufundwa kwefilimu, umdlalokamabonakude nomdlalo osakazwayo:• veza ahlolisise umyalezo nendikimba

nokuthi kuxhumene kanjani nazo zonkeizingxenye zamathekisthi;

• hlolisisa amandla obuchwepheshebamathekisthi abonwayo, alalelwayo,nalalelwa abukelwe njengokusetshenziswakombala, isihlokwana, ukwakhekanokubukeka, inkulumo mpendulwano,umculo, umsindo, ukukhanyisa, ukuhlela,isakhiwo, izindlela zokuthwebula, ubucikobokusebenzisa izithwebuli, ukunyakazakwezithwebuli, ukubeka ingaphambilinengemuva.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela ekubhaleniukufeza inhloso eqondiwe, izethameli nesimo: • chaza izidingo zemisebenzi ehlukene;• khetha izethameli eziqondiwe nenhloso

eqondiwe njengokulanda, ukujabulisa,ukuncenga, ukwenza iziphakamisoukuchaza, ukwazisa, ukuhlaziya, ukuchasisa,ukukhohlisa;

• khetha achaze ngezinhlobo zamathekisthiokumele zibhalwe njengezemicabango,ezinika ulwazi, ezisunguliwe, ezidlulisaumlayezo nezisebenzisa izindlela ezahlukenezokuxhumana;

• nza izinqumo asebenzise isitayela indlelaumlandi abona ngayo izinto nesakhiwoesifanele emathekisthini;

• cwaninga izihloko ezivela emithonjeniyolwazi enhlobonhlobo aqopheokutholakele;

• thola, afinyelele, ahlunge, ahlele aphindeadidiyele ulwazi ngqo emithonjeni yolwazienhlobonhlobo;

• guqula ulwazi olukhethiwe elususa kwesinyeisimo eluyisa kwesinye njengokulususakugrafu eluyisa esigabeni;

• kha imicabango ehambisanayo akuhlele lokhungokusebenzisa amasu anjengohlelolwemiqondo olusabalazwe, imidwebo, izinhluzamagama asemqoka, amafulowushadi;

• sebenzisa imisuka ebonakalayo nedwetshiweekhethiweyo ngokufanele.

AmaZinga okuHlola

Sikwazi lokhu uma umfundi ekwazi uku/ukwe/ukwa:


Ukubhala nokwethula

Umfundi ukwazi ukubhalela nokwethulela izinhloso,nezethameli eziningi ezahlukahlukene esebenzisaizimiso zolimi nezakhiwo ezifanele, ezimweniezahlukene.

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■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela ekubhaleniukufeza inhloso eqondiwe, izethameli nesimo:• chaza izidingo zemisebenzi ethuthukile; • khetha izethameli eziqondiwe nenhloso

eqondiwe njengokulanda, ukujabulisa,ukuncenga, ukwenza iziphakamiso,ukuchaza, ukwazisa, ukuhlaziya,ukufanekisa, ukukhohlisa;

• khetha achaze ngezinhlobo zamathekisthiokumele zibhalwe njengezemicabango,ezinika ulwazi, ezisunguliwe, ezidlulisaumlayezo, nezisebenzisa izindlela eziningizokuxhumana;

• nza izinqumo asebenzise isitayela esifanele,indlela umlandi abona ngayo izintonesakhiwo esifanele samathekisthi;

• cwaninga ngokuzimela izihloko ezinzimaezivela emithonjeni yolwazi enhlobonhloboaqophe okutholakele;

• thola, afinyelele, ahlunge, ahlele aphindeadidiyele ulwazi ngqo ngokuzimeleemithonjeni yolwazi enhlobonhlobo;

• guqula ulwazi oluhlukene elususa kwesinyeisimo eluyisa kwesinye isimonjengokulususa kugrafu eluyisa esigabeni;

• kha imicabango ehambisanayo akuhlelelokhu ngokusebenzisa amasu anjengohlelolwemiqondo olusabalazwe, imidwebo,izinhlu zamagama asemqoka,amafulowushadi;

• sebenzisa imisuka ebonakalayo ehlukenenedwetshiwe ngokufanele.

■ khombisa amakhono okuhlela ekubhaleniukufeza inhloso eqondiwe, izethameli nesimo: • chaza izidingo zemisebenzi ethuthukile; • bona izethameli eziqondiwe nenhloso

eqondiwe njengokulanda, ukujabulisa,ukuncenga, ukwenza iziphakamiso,ukuchaza, ukwazisa, ukuhlaziya,ukufanekisa, nokukhohlisa;

• khetha achaze ngezinhlobo zamathekisthiokumele zibhalwe njengezemicabango,ezinika ulwazi, ezisunguliwe, ezidlulisaumlayezo nezisebenzisa izindlela eziningizokuxhumana;

• nza izinqumo asebenzise isitayela esifanele,indlela umlandi abona ngayo izintonesakhiwo samathekisthi esifanelengempumelelo;

• cwaninga ngokuzimela izihloko ezinzimaezivela emithonjeni yolwazi enhlobonhloboaqophe okutholakele ngokunembayo;

• thola, afinyele, ahlunge, ahlele aphindeadidiyele ulwazi ngqo ngokuzimelaemithonjeni yolwazi eminingienhlobonhlobo;

• guqula ulwazi olunhlobonhlobo elususakwesinye isimo eluyisa kwesinyenjengokulususa kumagrafu eluyisaezigabeni;

• kha imicabango ehambisanayo akuhlelelokhu ngokusebenzisa amasu anjengohlelolwemiqondo olusabalazwe, imidwebo,izinhlu zamagama asemqoka,amafulowushadi;

• sebenzisa imisuka ebonakalayoenhlobonhlobo nedwetshiwe ekhethiweyongokufanele.

AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ khombisa ubuciko namasu okuloba ekubhaleniizinhlaka zokuqala:• sebenzisa imicabango esemqoka nesekelayo

esukela esikhathini sokuhlela;

• linga ngamasu ahlukahlukene ngenhlosoyokuthola okuyikhonakhona ngesakhiwonesitayela ukufeza inhloso yokusungula;

• khetha abuye asebenzise amasu ahlungiweyoesitayela nobuciko bokukhuluma ngendlelaefanele njengezimo zokukhuluma, ukukhethaamagama, ukuchasisa okukhanyayo, izwilomlobi nesitayela iphimbo, izimpawu,umbala, ukubekeka endaweni nomsindo;

• sebenzisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zemisho,nemisho enobude nezakhiwo ezahlukene;

• sebenzisa imithetho yokubumba izigabaukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana kwemicabangongokusebenzisa imisho eyizihloko,isingeniso nesiphetho, ukuqhubekelaphambili okunomqondo kwezigaba, isisusanomphumela, nokuqhathanisa;

• sebenzisa izihlanganiso, izivumelwanoizabizwana nezandiso ukuqinisekisaukuhlangana kwemicabango.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukubhala nokwethula


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■ khombisa ubuciko namasu okuloba athuthukileekubhaleni izinhlaka zokuqala:• sebenzisa imicabango esemqoka nesekelayo

esukela esikhathini sokuhlelangempumelelo;

• linga ngamasu ahlukahlukene ngenhlosoyokuthola okuyikhona ngesakhiwonesitayela ukufeza inhloso yokusungula;

• khetha abuye asebenzise izinhloboezahlukene zamasu esitayela nobucikobokukhuluma ngendlela efanele njengezimozokukhuluma, ukukhetha amagama,ukuchasisa okukhanyayo, izwi lomlobinesitayela, iphimbo, izimpawu, umbala,ukubekeka endaweni nomsindo;

• sebenzisa izinhlobobonhlobo ezahlukenezemisho, nemisho enobude nezakhiwoezahlukene ngempumelelo;

• sebenzisa imithetho yokubumba izigabangendlela eyamukelekile ukuqinisekisaukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemishoeyisihloko, isingeniso nesiphetho,ukuqhubekela phambili okunomqondokwezigaba, isisusa nomphumela,ukuqhathanisa nokuhlukanisa;

• sebenzisa izihlanganiso, izivumelwanoizabizwana, nezandiso ukuqinisekisaukuhlangana kwemicabango.

■ khombisa ubuciko namasu okuloba athuthukileekubhaleni izinhlaka zokuqala:• sebenzisa imicabango esemqoka nesekelayo

esukela esikhathini sokuhlelangempumelelo;

• linga ngamasu ahlukahlukene ngenhlosoyokuthola okuyikhona ngesakhiwonesitayela ukufeza ihloso yokusungula;

• khetha abuye asebenzise izinhloboezahlukene zamasu esitayela nobucikobokukhuluma ngendlela efanele njengezimozokukhuluma, ukukhetha amagama,ukuchasisa okukhanyayo, izwi lomlobinesitayela, iphimbo, izimpawu, umbala,ukubekeka endaweni nomsindo;

• sebenzisa izinhlobobohlobo zemisho,nemisho enobude nezakhiwo ezahlukeneukuzuza umphumela;

• sebenzisa imithetho yokubumba izigabangendlela eyamukelekile ukuqinisekisaukuhambisana kwemicabango njengemishoeyisihloko, isingeniso nesiphetho,ukuqhubekela phambili okunomqondokwezigaba, isisusa nomphumela,ukuqhathanisa nokuhlukanisa;

• sebenzisa izihlanganiso, izivumelwanoizabizwana, nezandiso ukuqinisekisaukuhlangana kwemicabango.

AmaZinga okuHlola


AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ ninga, ahlaziye ahlolisise, umsebenzi wakhe,eqaphela umbono wabanye aphinde ahlele kahleumsebenzi ethule umkhiqizo wokugcina:• sebenzisa izindlela ezihleliwe zokuhlola

jikelele umsebenzi obhaliwe wakhenowabanye ukuze awuthuthukise;

• cubungulisisa isakhiwo sombhalo wonkeukuthuthukisa ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango;

• bhekisisa ukuthi ingabe okuqukethwe,isitayela, irejista nemiphumela kulungeleinhloso, izethameli nesimo;

• qinisa indlela abona ngayo izinto/uhlangothikanye nesiphakamiso ngokuzethembaokuthuthukayo;

• colisisisa ukukhethwa kwamagamanesakhiwo semisho nezigaba, asusenomqondo ombaxa, ukucevuza, amagamaamaningi ngaphezu kokufunekayo, ulimiolungamukelekile, ulimi oluhlambalazayo,ijagoni engadingekile nokudidanisaamagama;

• bonisa uzwela kumalungelo esintu,ezenhlalo, amasiko, ezemvelo,neziphathelene nokuziphatha kwabantunjengobulili, ubuhlanga, ukukhubazeka,ubudala, amazinga empilo, ubuphofu,izindlela zokuphila, imvelaphi yabantungokwezizwana, inkolo, eziphatheleneneSNZ kanye neNZ kanye nezinye izifo;

AmaZinga okuHlola



Ukubhala nokwethula


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■ ninga, ahlaziye ahlolisise umsebenzi wakhe,eqaphela umbono wabanye aphinde ahlele kahleumsebenzi ethule umkhiqizo wokugcina:• sebenzisa izindlela ezihleliwe zokuhlola


• hlolisisa umbhalo wonke ukuthuthukisaukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango;

• hlolisisa ukuthi ingabe okuqukethwe,isitayela, irejista nomphumela kulungeleinhloso, izethameli nesimo;

• qinisa indlela abona ngayo izinto/uhlangothikanye nesiphakamiso ngokuzethemba;

• colisisisa ukukhethwa kwamagama,nesakhiwo semisho nezigaba, asusenomqondo ombaxa, ukucevuza,ukusebenzisa amagama amaningi ngaphezukokufunekayo, ulimi olungamukelekile,ulimi oluhlambalazayo, ijagoniengadingekile, nokudidanisa amagama;

• bonisa uzwela kumalungelo esintu,ezenhlalo, amasiko, ezemvelo,neziphathelene nokuziphatha kwabantunjengobulili, ubuhlanga, ukukhubazeka,ubudala, isikhundla, ubuphofu, izindlelazokuphila, imvelaphi yabantungokwezizwana, inkolo, eziphatheleneneSNZ kanye neNZ kanye nezinye izifo;

■ ninga, ahlaziye ahlolisise umsebenzi wakhe,eqaphela umbono wabanye aphinde ahlele kahleumsebenzi ethule umkhiqizo wokugcina:• sebenzisa izindlela ezihleliwe zokuhlola


• hlolisisa umbhalo wonke ukuthuthukisaukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango;

• hlolisisa ukuthi ingabe okuqukethwe,isitayela irejista nomphumela kulungeleinhloso, izethameli nesimo;

• qinisa indlela abona ngayo izinto/uhlangothikanye nesiphakamiso ngokuzethembanangokucikoza;

• colisisisa ukukhethwa kwamagamanesakhiwo semisho nezigaba, asusenomqondo ombaxa, ukucevuxa,ukusebenzisa amagama amaningi ngaphezukokufunekayo, ulimi olungamukelekile,ulimi oluhlambalazayo, ijagoniengadingekile nokudidanisa amagama;

• bonisa uzwela kumalungelo esintu,ezenhlalo, amasiko, ezemvelo, eziphathelenenokuziphatha kwabantu njengobulili,ubuhlanga, ukukhubazeka, ubudala,isikhundla, ubuphofu, izindlela zokuphila,imvelaphi yabantu ngokwezizwana, inkolo,eziphathelene neSNZ kanye neNZ kanyenezinye izifo;

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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AmaZinga okuHlola


• lungisa imibhalo ukuze enze umkhiqizowokugcina ngokucubungula amaphuthaabuye awuhlele;

• thula umkhiqizo wokugcina ebhekelelaisitayela sokwethula esifanelenjengamathekisthi abhaleke ahlelekangobunono bekati noma iphosta elithathaamehlo ngokwemibala.


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AmaZinga okuHlola






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■ bona anikeze incazelo yamagama awasebenzisengendlela efanele emathekisthini ahlukahlukene:

• sebenzisa ulwazi lwezindlela, imithethonezimiso ezahlukahlukene zokupelwakwamagama, abuye enze uhlu lwakhelopelomagama;

• sebenzisa izifinyezo nama-akhronimiajwayelekile;

• sebenzisa izichazamazwi kanye nethesorasingempumelelo ukufeza izinhloso ezahlukenenjengokucwaninga imiqondo, imvelaphiyamagama nokuwaphimisa;

• sebenzisa imisuka, iziqalo nezijobeleloukuqonda incazelo yamagama ahlukene;

• sebenzisa ubulili, ubuningi nezinciphisongendlela efanele;

• bona ukuthi izilimi ziboleka kanjaniamagama kwezinye izilimi, nokuthiamagama ayiguqula kanjani incazelo yawongokuhamba kwesikhathi, nokuthi amagamaamasha akhiwa kanjani;

• hlukanisa phakathi kwamagama adidanayoanemiqondo eminingi (ipholisemi)nomabizwafane, akwazi ukuwasebenzisangokunemba okuthuthukayo emathekisthini;

• sebenzisa amagama ahlungiwe anencazeloefanayo, amagama aphikisanayo,ipharonimi negama elilodwa elimeleibinzana, amagama endabuko, amagamaanencazelo entsha ngokufanele.

AmaZinga okuHlola



Uhlelo nokusetshenziswa kolimi

Umfundi ukwazi ukusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingendlela efanele nangempumelelo.

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■ bona, anikeze incazelo yamagama awasebenzisengendlela efanele emathekisthini amaningiahlukene:• sebenzisa ulwazi olukhulayo lwezindlela

imithetho nezimiso ezahlukene zokupelwakwamagama amasha kanye nanzima abuyeenze uhlu lwakhe lopelomagama

• sebenzisa ngendlela efanele izifinyezonama-akhronimi;


• sebenzisa imisuka, iziqalo nezijobeleloukuqonda umsebenzi nencazelo yamagamaahlukene;


• bona abuye achaze ukuthi izilimi zibolekakanjani amagama kwezinye izilimi, nokuthiamagama ayiguqula kanjani incazelo yawongokuhamba kwesikhathi, nokuthi amagamaamasha akhiwa kanjani;

• hlukanisa phakathi kwamagama adidanayo,anemiqondo eminingi (ipholisemi)nomabizwafane, akwazi ukuwasebenzisangokunemba okuthuthukayo emathekisthini;

• sebenzisa amagama ahlukene anencazeloefanayo, amagama aphikisanayo, ipharoniminegama elilodwa elimele ibinza, amagamaendabuko, amagama anencazelo entshangokufanele.

■ bona, anikeze incazelo yamagama awasebenzisengendlela efanele emathekisthini amaningiahlukene: • sebenzisa ulwazi olukhulayo lwezindlela

imithetho nezimiso ezahlukene zokupelwakwamagama amasha nanzima abuye enzeuhlu lwakhe lopelomagama;

• sebenzisa ngendlela efanele izifinyezonama-akhronimi;


• sebenzisa imisuka, iziqalo nezijobeleloukuqonda umsebenzi nencazelo yamagamaahlukene;


• bona abuye achaze ukuthi izilimi zibolekakanjani amagama kwezinye izilimi, nokuthiamagama ayiguqula kanjani incazelo yawongokuhamba kwesikhathi, nokuthi amagamaamasha akhiwa kanjani;

• hlukanisa phakathi kwamagama adidanayo,anemiqondo eminingi (ipholisemi)nomabizwafane nophimbohluka, akwaziukuwasebenzisa ngendlela eyamukelekileemathekisthini;

• sebenzisa igama elilodwa ukumela ibinzaamagama ahlukene anencazelo efanayo,amagama aphikisanayo, ipharonimiamagama endabuko amagama anencazeloentsha ngendlela efanele.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ sebenzisa imisho enezakhiwo ezizwakalayongendlela enomqondo nebonisa ukusebenzisaulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimwenizansuku zonke:• bona asebenzise izingcezu zenkulumo

emshweni njengamabizo, izenzo izabizwananezandiso, azisebenzise ngendlela enembayoneyakha umqondo;

• sebenzisa izakhi zesenzo nesinsizasenzoukuveza inkathi nesimo ngokunembayo;

• sebenzisa izakhi zokuphika ngendlelaeyamukelekile;

• sebenzisa umenzi/inhloko, umenziwangendlela eyamukelekile abuye achazeimisebenzi yako;

• sebenzisa imisho eqondile ngendlela efaneleabuye akhe imisho engxubenemagatshagatsha ngokusebenzisa imishoencikile, imishwana nezihlanganiso;

• sebenzisa izimpambosi ngendlelaeyimpumelelo emathekisthini;

• sebenzisa inkulumo ekhulunyiwe/ecashuniwe newumbiko ngendlela eyamukelekileemathekisthini;

• hlela amagama ngendlela efanele emishweniabuye aqonde ukuthi ukuhlelekakwamagama kunamthelela muniencazelweni;




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njengamabizo, izenzo, izabizwana,iziphawulo nezandiso ngokunembayongendlela eyakha umqondo;

• sebenzisa izakhi zesenzo nezinsizasenzoukuveza inkathi nesimo ngokunembayo;


• sebenzisa umenzi/inhloko, umenziwangendlela eyamukelekile abuye achazeimisebenzi yako;

• sebenzisa imisho eqondile ngendlela efaneleakhe imisho ecwengekile neyimpumeleloengxube nemagatshagatsha ngokusebenzisaimisho encikile, imishwana nezihlanganiso;

• sebenzisa izimpambosi ngendlela efaneleeyimpumelelo achaze nomsebenzi wazoemathekisthini;

• sebenzisa inkulumo ekhulunyiwe/ecashuniwenewumbiko ngendlela eyamukelekileemathekisthini;



njengamabizo, izenzo, izabizwana,iziphawulo nezandiso ngokunembayongendlela eyakha umqondo;

• esebenzisa izakhi zesenzo nezinsizasenzoukuveza inkathi nesimo ngokunembayo;


• sebenzisa umenzi/inhloko, umenziwangendlela eyamukelekile abuye ahlolisiseimisebenzi yako;

• sebenzisa imisho eqondile ngendlela efaneleakhe imisho ecwengekile neyimpumeleloengxube nemagatshagatsha ngokusebenzisaimisho encikile, imishwana nezihlanganisongendlela eyamukelekile;

• sebenzisa izimpambosi ngendlela efaneleachaze nomsebenzi wazo emathekisthini;

• sebenzisa inkulumo ekhulunyiwe/ecashuniwe newumbiko ngendlelaeyamukelekile emathekisthini;


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AmaZinga okuHlola


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• sebenzisa izivumelwano ezamukelekile;• sebenzisa izimpawu zokuloba ngendlela,

eyamukelekile ezisebenzisela inhloso ethilenjengokucacisa incazelo, ukubonisaubudlelwane phakathi kwezakhi zoliminemisebenzi yazo, angeze nokugcizelela;

• sebenzisa izimo zokukhuluma njengezaga,iziga zokukhuluma, izifengqo, izishongendlela efanele.




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• sebenzisa izivumelwano ngokunemba; • sebenzisa izimpawu zokuloba ngendlela

eyamukelekile ezisebenzisela inhloso ethilenjengokucacisa incazelo, ukubonisaubudlewane phakathi kwezakhi zoliminemisebenzi yazo, angeze nokugcizelelanoma eveza ubuciko bokukhulumanomphumela wobugagu;

• sebenzisa izimo zokukhuluma njengezaga,izifengqo, izisho ngendlela efanele.

• sebenzisa izivumelwano ngokunemba; • sebenzisa izimpawu zokuloba ngendlela

eyamukelekile ezisebenzisela izinhlosoezahlukene njengokucacisa incazelo,ukubonisa ubudlelwane phakathi kwezakhizolimi nemisebenzi yazo, angezeukugcizelela noma ubuciko bokukhulumanomphumela wobugagu;

• sebenzisa izimo zokukhuluma njengezaga,izifengqo, izisho ngendlela efanele.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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■ thuthukisa ikhono lokuhlolisisa indlela ulimiolusetshenziswa ngayo:• bona izincazelo eziqondile, nezigudliselayo

ezisetshenziswe emshweni;• bona ukuthi imiyalezo esobala necashile,

amagugu nezimo abheka ngazo izinto ukuthizibonisa kanjani isimo sesikhulumi/somamukeli/somfundi/sombukeli;

• bona aphonse inselelo ekuchemeninasenkolelweni engaguquki, olimini oluvusaimizwa, oluncengayo nolukhohlisayo abeseeveza ezinye izindlela zokukhulumaesikhundleni salokhu.




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■ thuthukisa ikhono lokuhlolisisa indlela ulimiolusetshenziswa ngayo:• chaza izincazelo eziqondile, nezigudliselayo

ezisetshenziswe emshweni;• hlolisisa ukuthi imiyalezo esobala necashile,

amagugu nezimo abheka ngazo izinto ukuthizibonisa kanjani isimosesikhulumi/somamukeli/somfundi/sombukeli;

• bona aphonse inselelo ekuchemeninasenkolelweni engaguquki, oliminioluvusa imizwa, oluncengayonolukhohlisayo abese eveza ezinye izindlelazokukhuluma esikhundleni salokhu.

■ thuthukisa ikhono lokuhlolisisa indlela ulimiolusetshenziswa ngayo:• hlolisisa achaze izincazelo eziqondile,

nezigudliselayo ezisetshenziswe emshweni;• hlolisisa achaze ukuthi imiyalezo esobala

necashile, amagugu ngezimo abheka ngazoizinto ukuthi zibonisa kanjani isimosesikhulumi/somamukeli/somfundi/sombukeli;

• bona aphonse inselelo ekuchemeniokunobuqili nasenkolelweni engaguquki,olimini oluvusa imizwa, oluncengayonolukhohlisayo abese eveza ezinye izindlelazokukhuluma esikhundleni salokhu.

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AmaZinga okuHlola


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OKUQUKETHWE KANYE NEZIMO EZIBONAKALISA UKUZUZWA KWAMAZINGAYOKUHLOLA

Kule ngxenye okuqukethwe nezimo kunikezwa ukusekela ukuzuzwa kwaMazinga okuHlola. Okuqukethweokubonisiwe kudinga ukuba kusetshenziswe ngendlela yokuba isize umfundi ukuba aqhubekele phambiliekuzuzeni aMazinga okuHlola. Okuqukethwe kumele kwelekelele aMazinga okuHlola kungabi isiphethongokwakho. Izimo eziphakanyisiwe zizolekelela okuqukethwe ukuba kugxiliswe ezimweni ezijwayelekilekubafundi ziphinde zelekelele ukufunda nokufundisa. Umfundisi kumele aqonde abuye asebenzise izimoezijwayelekile, makungabi ilezo ezisetshenziswe lapha kuphela, kepha kube nokuhambisana nalokho okwaziwaabafundi. Okuqukethwe nezimo uma kuqondaniswe nokuzuzwa kwamazinga okuhlola kunikeza uhlakalokwakha izinHlelo zokuFunda. ImiHlahlandlela yezinHlelo zokuFunda inikeza imininingwane eminingingalokho.

Ukusetshenziswa kwamathekisthi ekufundiseni kolimi

Uma igama elithi ‘ithekisthi’ lisetshenziswe eZitatimendeni zeziFundo zeziLimi lithuthukile, linomqondo obanzi,lifaka zonke izimo zokuxoxwayo okulotshwayo, okubukwayo, okulalelwayo, okulalelwa kubukelwe nalokhookusebenzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana. Ekufundiseni zonke izilimi, amathekisthi angasetshenziswanjengomsuka bese kuthi nezinye izinhlobo ezithile zamathekisthi zikhiqizwe ekuhambeni kwesikhathi.Ngokusebenzisa nokukhiqizwa kwamathekisthi akhulayo ngobunzima ukusuka eBangeni-10 kuya eBangeni-12,amazinga okuHlola afanele ukubonisa ukuqhubekela phambili. Amathekisthi alula nanzima ayisisekelosokuqhubekela phambili kuzo zonke izilimi.

Amathekisthi ngakho-ke angumnyombo omqoka ‘wokuqukethwe nesimo’ ekuxhumaneni, ekudidiyeleniukufunda nokufundisa ezilimini.

Uhlu olugcwele lwamathekisthi asetshenziswayo nakhiqizwayo kufanele luveze umfundi:

■ ezimweni ezinothileyo nezifanele zokuhlalisana, zamasiko nezomlando ezithuthukisa ukuqonda amaguguolimi.

■ ezindikimbeni eziphonsa inselelo nezivuselelayo ezithuthukisa ukuqonda ngokuhlolisisa amagugunokwaziswa kokubaluleka kokuhlalisana ngokwamasiko kanye nezindaba eziphathelene nokuziphathakwabantu okuhambisana nempilo yabantu baseNingizimu Afrika.

■ ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zemibono.■ ezibonelweni zolimi olulotshiwe nolukhulunywayo ezinezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukene zezakhiwo ukwelekelela

umfundi ekuthuthukiseni ukusetshenziswa kolimi olwamukelekile nolufanele. ■ ekuhlaziyweni kwenkolelo engaguqukiyo, ukubuka luhlangothi lunye kanye nokuthatha izinto ngokuvamile

ukuthuthukisa ukucabanga okuhlolisisayo.■ olimini oluncengayo nolukhohlisayo.■ ebudlelwaneni bamandla obuphakathi olimini nobuphakathi kwezilimi. ■ ekuthuthukiseni ukwazi izethameli, inhloso nengqikithi nesimo esifanele iphimbo namagama asetshenziswa

ngokohlobo lwezithameli.


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■ emigomweni nasemisukeni yezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathekisthi elotshiwe nengalotshiwe.■ emisukeni ebonwayo elalelwayo nelalelwa ibukelwe. ■ ezinhlotsheni zezindlela namacebo okuloba, njengezinhlobo ezahlukene zolimi olunothile nolunobuchule.

Indlela esekwe emathekisthini nendlela yokufunda ulimi ngokulusebenzisa yeyeme ekusebenziseninasekubhaleni okuqhubekayo kwamathekisthi.

Indlela esekwe emathekisthini ihlola ukuthi amathekisthi asebenza kanjani. Inhloso yendlela esekweamathekisthi ukwenza abafundi ukuba babe nekhono, bazethembe nokuba abafundi abaneso elihlolisisayo,abalobi, ababukeli nabaqambi bamathekisthi. Kubandakanya ukulalela, ukufunda, ukubukela nokuhlaziyaamathekisthi ukuze baqonde ukuthi zakhiwa kanjani nokuthi iyini imiphumela yazo. Ngalokhu kusebenzisana,abafundi babe nekhono lokuhlolisisa amathekisthi. Indlela esekwe emathekisthini ibandakanya futhiukusungulwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zamathekisthi eziqondene nenhloso ethile nezethameli. Le ndlelaiphumeleliswa ukuqonda ukuthi amathekisthi akhiwa kanjani.

Indlela yokufunda ulimi ngokulusebenzisa ichaza ukuthi ekufundeni ulimi, umfundi kumele abe semathubeniamaningi okulusebenzisa noma alubhale nokulukhuluma ukufeza izindaba zesimo senhlalo. Ukufunda ulimikumele kuzenzakalele, ezimweni ezingaphoqelekile okumele zikapakele nasendlini yokufundela lapho amakhonookwazi ukufunda/ukubukela nokubhala/nokwethula efundwa ngendlela evamile – abafundi bafunda ngokufundakakhulu amathekisthi bafunde ukubhala ngokubhala imibhalo eminingi.

Ukuqonda ukuthi amathekisthi akhiwe kanjani

Amathekisthi akhiwe esuselwa ezimweni ezithile ngenhloso nezethameli ezithile ezisengqondweni. Izigabaezahlukene zamathekisthi zinemisebenzi eyahlukene zibuye zilandele imithetho ethile ngokwesakhiwo, indlela,uhlelo lolimi, ulwazimagama nokuqukethwe. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthiwa izinhlobo zamathekisthi. Abafundikudingeka ukuba bakwazi ukuqonda nokusungula izinhlobonhlobo ezihlukene zamathekisthi ezinqunyelweukuba zifundiswe.

Amathekisthi futhi abonisa izimo zosikompilo nezombusazwe eziqanjwe kuzo. Ulimi olusetshenzisweemathekisthini luqukethe imiyalezo ephathelene namagugu nezombusazwe nalokho abakumeleyo abantuabayilobile noma abayiqambile. Kanjalo amathekisthi aqondene nokuthile nqgo. Abafundi kudingeka ukubabakwazi ukuhumusha banike imibono yabo ngamagugu nezimo emathekisthini.

Kanjalo endleleni esekwe emathekisthini, ulimi luyahlolwa njalo, futhi luhlolwa maqondana nezimo zalo. Lendlela ibandakanya ukuqaphela izindlela ezisemthethweni zolimi (uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama) kodwanjengokukhethiweyo emathekisthini nangokwemiphumela yakho, kungabi ngokwendlela ehlukanisayo. Ukuzekukhulunywe ngamathekisthi, abafundi badinga ‘ulimi olusetshenziselwa ukuxoxa ngolunye ulimi’ nomaukuluhlaziya badinga amagama okufanekisa izimo ezihlukene zohlelo lolimi, ulwazimagama nendlela,nokukhuluma ngezinhlobo ezihlukene zamathekisthi ezinqunyelwe ukuba zifundiswe.


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Amathekisthi angahlukaniswa ngamathekisthi asetshenziswayo namathekisthi akhiqizwayo. Lawa ahlelwekabanzi kule zinhlu ezilandelayo. Lezi zinhlu kazikwazi ukufaka zonke izinhlobo zamathekisthi ezifanele-uthishauvumelekile ukuba angeze amathekisthi angasetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni kokufundisa ulimi. Inhlosoyezinhlu ukunikeza uthisha inkululeko ebanzi ekukhetheni okungasetshenziswa noma kusungulwe.Imininingwane yokudingekayo mayelana nobunzima bamathekisthi naleyo ephathelene nohlobo lwerejistalunikeziwe emHlahlandleleni weziNhlelo zokuFunda.


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AMATHEKISTHI ASETSHENZISWA EKUFUNDISWENI KOLIMI LWASEKHAYANGOKUHLANGANISA, AMABANGA-10 – 12

Ezinye izinhlobo zamathekisthi ezinqunyelwe ukuba zifundwe emaBangeni 10 kuya ku-12zihlanganisa amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezo, anika ulwazi, asunguliwe nabonwayo, alalelwayo,alalelwa abukelwe nasebanzisa izindlela eziningi zokuxhumana. Amathekisthi ahlungwe ngobubanzikufanele asetshenziswe ekufundiseni ngokuhlanganisa esikhathini esingangeminyaka emithathu.

Amathekisthi emibhalo:Ama-eseyiInoveliIzinkondloIzindaba ezimfushaneUbuciko bomlomoUkufundwa kwamafilimuUmdlaloUmlando ngempilo yomuntu obhalwe ngomunye Umlando ngempilo yomuntu obhalwe nguye uqobo

Amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezo:AmathelegramuAmamemorandamuAmaminithi nohlelo lomhlanganoAmaphepha asakazwayo anikezaulwazi ngokuthile (amaflaya)Amaphepha ezaziso/ izazisoAmaphamufulethi AmaphostaImibiko (ebekelwe imigomonengabekelwe migomo) Imiyalezo ye - imeyiliIncwajana echazayoIzibuyekezoIzikhangisiIzinhla zomhleliIzihlanzamagama / IfeksiIzimemoIzincwadi ezibekelwe imigomonezingabekelweIzinkulumo mpendulwano(ezilotshiwe)Iziqeshana namakholumuabhalelwa amaphephandabaIziqeshana namakholumuabhalelwa iphephabhukuUkubhalwa kwedayariUkuloba amaphuzu asemqokaUmlando ngomufiUkugcwaliswa kwamafomu

Amathekisthi aqukethe ulwazi:Incwadi equkethe izinhluzezinombolo zocingo Incwadi yezifundoIsiqoqamazwiIsiqukathilwazi/I-ensayiklophidiya IzichazamazwiIzinhlelo Izinkomba zomabonakudeUhlelonkathi

Amathekisthi okuqanjwa:Amaculo namahubo esizweAmahlayaAmathekisthi eziqanjwe abafundiInsomi, Inganeko,nensumansumaneIzinkulumoIzinkulumo mpendulwanoUkubhalwa kwamadayariIziphicaphicwanoUkuxoxa indaba nobucikobomlomoUkwenzasamdlalo Izinganekwane

Abonwayo, alalelwayo, alalelwaabukelwe nasebenzisa izindlelaeziningi zokuxhumana: Amagrafu /Imidwebo /AmathebuliAmahlaya ethulwangemifanekiso; imifanekisosenamisi AmakhathuniAmashadi namabalazweAmasilayidi Ama-thranspharensiAmavidiyo omculoImidlaloIzimpawuIzikhangisiIzinhlelo zikamabonakudenemibhalo yobufakazi Izinhlelo zomsakazoIzithombeIziqubuloOkuqoshiweUkufundwa kwemidlalo,amanoveli noma izindabaezimfishaneUkuboniswa kwamasilayidiUmdwebo / umbhalo oqoshiwe Umdwebo-zindonga


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AMATHEKISTHI AKHIQIZWA EKUFUNDISWENI KOLIMI LWASEKHAYA,NGOKUHLANGANISA, AMABANGA-10 – 12

(Amathekisthi okumele kukhethwe kuwo ukuze umfundi abhale ngazo emabangeni e- 10 kuya kwe—12)

Amathekisthi angaphoqelelwe anothisayo: ukwenza samdlalo, ukuxoxa indaba, izindaba zomsakazo kanyenezikamabonakude, imidlalo yomsakazo nekamabonakude, izingxoxo zesigungu, izindaba ezimfushanezakhe/ izingxoxo/ izinkondlo / imidlalo, amakhathuni, amahlaya ethulwa ngemifanekiso, imicu, amahlaya,izimpawu, njll.

Amathekisthi adlululisaimilayezo:Amakhadi esimemoAmamemorandamu Amaminithi nohlelo lomhlanganoAmaphosikhadiEzibhalelwa umhleliImibiko (ebekelwe imigomonengabekelwe migomo) Imiyalezo ye-imeyiliImiyalezo yezihlanzamagama/yezikhahlamezi/ ifeksiIzincwadi zombuso zokufakaisicelo, zokucela isikhundla,isikhalazo, zozwelo, isimemoukubonga, ukuhalalisela,izincwadi zebhizinisiIzincwadi zombuso nezobuhloboeziqondiswe emephaphandabeniIzibuyekezoIzikhangisiIzincwadi zobunganiIzincwajana ezichazayoIzinkulumo mpendulwanoIziqeshana ezibhalelwaamaphephabhukuIziqeshana ezibhalelwaamaphephandabaUkugcwaliswa kwamafomuUmlando mpiloUmlando ngomufi Umyalezo kamakhalekhukhwini

Amathekisthi okuqanjwa:Indaba elandayo, echazayo,eningayo, enhlangothimbili,enikeza imibono yomlobi,neqophisanayo Ukuphawula ngemibhalo

Amathekisthi aqukethe ulwazi:Ibalazwe lengqondolokukhumbuza namafulowushadilokukhumbulaImiyaloIziyaleloUcwaningo UkufingqaUkufinyeza ubeka ngamazwiakho Ukubhala amanothiUkwakhiwa kwezichazamazwi(umfundi uzakhela uhla lokupelaabuye anikeze nezincazelo.)

Amathekisthi athulwangomlomo, abonwayonasebenzisa izindlela eziningizokuxhumana:Amaphepha asakazwayo anikaulwazi ngokuthile (amaflaya)AmaphosikhadiIzikhangisiIzinkulumo ezibekelwe imigomonezingabekelwe migomoIzethulo ngamagrafu /imiphumela yemisindoIzinkulumo mpendulwanoIziqubuloUcwaningo Ukuxoxisana nomuntungokumbuza imibuzo


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ISAHLUKO 4

UKUHLOLA

ISINGENISO

Ukuhlola kuyingxenye enqala yeSitatimende sikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGuduwokuFunda Jikelele). Ukuhlola kuyinqubo yokuqoqa nokuhumusha ubufakazi ukuze kutholwe inqubekelaphambili yomfundi ekufundeni futhi kuthathwe isinqumo mayelana namakhono omfundi. Ubufakazibungaqoqwa ezikhathini nasezindaweni ezehlukene, nangokusebenzisa izindlela ezehlukene, izinsizaezingasetshenziswa inqubo nezindlela zokuxhumana ezinhlobonhlobo.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imiphumela yokuhlola ingatholakala ibuye isetshenziselwe izinhloso ezinhlobonhloboesikhathini esizayo, imiphumela kufanele iqoshwe. Kunezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokuqopha ukusebenzakwabafundi. Ezinye zazo zibhekiwe kulesi sahluko. Ezinye zenziwe zaqondana ngqo kakhulu nesifundoemiHlahlandleleni yeziNhlelo zokuFunda.

Abantu abaningi ababamba iqhaza banothando lokufuna ukwazi ukuthi abafundi basebenza kanjaniemaBangeni-10 – 12. Lokhu kubandakanya abafundi uqobo lwabo, abazali, abalondolozi, abaxhasi, uMnyangoweMfundo wesifunda, uMnyango weMfundo, iHhovisi likaNgqongqoshe weZemfundo, abaqashi, nezikolezemfundo nokuqeqesha okuphakeme. Ukuze kube lula ukuthola ukwenza kwabafundi jikelelenokucatshangwayo ngamakhono abafundi, imiphumela yokuhlola kumele ibikwe. Ziningi izindlela zokubika.ImiHlahlandlela yeziNhlelo zokuFunda ichaza izindlela zokuqopha nokubika ukuhlola okwenziwangaphakathi esikoleni nokuhlola kwangaphandle kanye nokunikeza izeluleko ngezinto eziphathelene nokuhlolaeziqondene ngqo nesifundo.

KUNGANI KUHLOLWA

Ngaphambi kokuba umfundisi ahlole abafundi, kubalulekile ukuthi izinhloso zokuhlola zibekwe zicace futhizingadidi. Ukuqonda izinhloso zokuhlola kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuhambisana okufanele kuyatholakala phakathikwezinhloso nezindlela zokuhlola. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo neziphetho ezigxileekuhlolweni zibe ngezifanele leyo noma lezo zinhloso ezithile.

Ziningi izizathu ezenza ukuthi ukusebenza kwabafundi kuhlolwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuhlola ngenhlosoyokuqaphelisisa inqubekela phambili, nokunikeza okutholakele, ukuxilonga imbangela noma ukulungisaizingqinamba ekufundeni, ukukhetha, ukweluleka, ukwelekelela ukufunda, ukunikeza isitifiketi nokuqhubekelaphambili.

Kulolu hlelo lwemfundo, ukufunda nokuhlola kuxhumene kakhulu ngokungenakuhlukaniswa. Ukuhlola kusizaabafundi ukulinganisa ukubaluleka kokufunda kwabo. Kunikeza abafundi ulwazi ngenqubekela phambili yabo


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nokubanikeza amandla okuba bakwazi ukuziphathela nokuthatha izinqumo ngokufunda kwabo. Ngokwalomqondo, ukuhlolwa kunikeza ulwazi ngokuthi ukufundisa nokufunda kuyaphumelela yini ukufinyelelaemiPhumeleni yokuFunda ebekiwe. Nxa ukuhlola kutshengisa ukungabikho kwenqubekela phambili, amasuokufundisa nokufunda angaguqulwa ngokwesimo.

IZINHLOBO ZOKUHLOLA

Le ngxenye ichaza lezi zinhlobo ezilandelayo zokuhlola:

■ ukuhlola okuyisisekelo;■ ukuhlola okuxilongayo;■ ukuhlola okwakhayo; kanye■ nokuhlola okuqoqayo.

Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo

Ukuhlola okuyisisekelo kubalulekile ekuqaleni kwebanga, kodwa kungenzeka ekuqaleni kwanoma yisiphiisiyingi sokufunda. Kusetshenziselwa ukuthola osekwaziwa nokungenziwa ngabafundi. Kusiza ekulungiseleleniimisebenzi nasekwenzeni uhlelo lokufunda. Ukuqoshwa kokuhlolwa okuyisisekelo kuvame ukuqoshwangokunganqunyelwe mithetho.

Ukuhlola okuxilongayo

Noma ikuphi ukuhlola kungasetshenziswa ngezinhloso zokuxilonga, okungukuthi ukuthola isisusa noma izisusazengqinamba yokufunda noma zezingqinamba zokufunda. Ukuhlola okuxilongayo kwelekelela ekuthatheniizinqumo ngamasu okwelekelela noma ukubona isidingo sosizo lobuchwepheshe noma ukulungisaizingqinamba. Kusebenza njengomnyombo wokubheka okukhona nokungekho ukwelekelela ukucacisa kabushaokuphokophelwe ngohlelo lokufunda, noma ukuthola ukuthi yini abangakayifundi ukuze kwenziwe amasuokwelekelela.

Ukuhlola okwakhayo

Noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuhlola olusetshenziswayo ukwethula umphumela kumfundi kugcwalisa inhlosoyokwakha. Ukuhlola okwakhayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufunda nokufundisa. Kuqaphelisisa kwelekelelekuxhase inqubo yokufunda. Bonke ababambe iqhaza basebenzisa lolu hlobo lokuhlola ukuzuza ulwazingenqubekela phambili yabafundi. Ukunikeza umphumela owakhayo kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlolaukufeza izinhloso zokwakha.

Ukuhlola okuqoqayo

Uma ukuhlola kusetshenziselwe ukuqopha isinqumo sekhono noma ukusebenza komfundi, kufeza inhlosoyokuqoqa. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo kunikeza isithombe ngamakhono noma ngenqubekela phambili yomfundinganoma yimuphi umzuzu esidingeka ngaso. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo kungenzeka ekupheleni komsebenzi, isimosesilinganiso sokufunda, isiyingi sokufunda, ithemu, isimesta noma unyaka. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo kufanelekuhlelwe futhi kufanele kusetshenziswe nezinhlobonhlobo zezikhali zokuhlola kanye namasu okuhlola ukuzeabafundi bakwazi ukukhombisa amakhono abo.

UKUHLOLA KUMELE KUBENJANI FUTHI KWENZENI?

Ukuhlola kumele:

■ kuqondwe umfundi nomphakathi wonke;■ kuqondiswe ngokucacile;■ kuhlanganiswe nokufunda kanye nokufundisa; ■ kwesekwe ezicini okuzobonwa ngazo ezihlelwe ngaphambili zaMazinga okuHlola;■ kuvumele amathuba okukhula kwabafundi; ■ kuhambisane nesivinini sokufunda komfundi kube ngokungabandlululi; futhi■ kuguquguquke;■ kusetshenziswe izikhali ezahlukene zokuhlola; kanye■ nokusebenzisa izindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola.

KUHLOLWA KANJANI

Ukuhlolwa kwamakhono abafundi ngabafundisi makube ngokweqophelo eliphezulu lokwethembeka. Lokhukuchaza ukuthi ukwahlulela amakhono abafundi ngothisha kufanele kube ngokuyiqiniso nokuvamileyo kuzozonke izikhathi ezahlukene, kokuhlolwayo, nezimpawu. Ukwahlulela okwenziwe ngokuhlola kumele futhikukhombise ubuqiniso; okuchaza ukuthi, izinqumo mazenziwe ezingxenyeni zokufunda ezihloliwe.

Ngoba lokho nalokho kuhlola akukwazi ukuba neqiniso noma ukwethembeka ngokwako, izinqumo mayelananokuqhubekela phambili komfundi makumiswe ngaphezu kokuhlolwa okukodwa. Lokhu kunguMgomowokuHlola okuQhubekayo. Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo kuyilisu lokuhlola elimisa izinqumo ngokufundaezinhlotsheni ezehlukene zemisebenzi yokuhlola nezehlakalo ezenzeka ngezikhathi ezehlukene enqubweniyokufunda yonke. Kuhlanganisa imisebenzi yokuhlola ehlelelwe unyaka wonke, kusetshenziswa izikhalinezindlela zokuhlola ezinhlobonhlobo, njengezivivinyo, ukuhlola, amaprojekthi nemisebenzi yophenyo .Ukuhlola okwethulwa ngomlomo, okulotshwayo, nokokwenza kumbandakanywa kulokhu okungenhla. Lezizinhlobo ezehlukene zeziqeshana zobufakazi eziboniswa ngabafundi njengengxenye yokuhlola okuqhubekayokungafakwa kuphothifoliyo. Izifundo ezehlukene zinezidingo ezehlukene zalokho okumele kufakwekuphothifoliyo. Lezi zidingo zichazwe kabanzi ngumHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda.


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Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo kwenzeka endlini yokufundela nasesikoleni futhi kuqondise esimweni esiqhubekayongendlela ukuhlola okuhlanganiswe ngayo nenqubo yokufundisa nokufunda. Othisha bathola ithuba lokwaziabafundi babo ngokufundisa kwabo kwansuku zonke, ngokubuza imibuzo, ngokuqaphela, nangokusebenzisananabafundi nangokubabuka besebenzisana.

Ukuhlola okuqhubekayo kungasetshenziswa kulezo zingxenye ezimbili zohlelo lokufunda ezihlolwangezivivinyo nemisebenzi yophenyo nalezo ezihloleka kahle kakhulu ngezinye izindlela, njengokwenza,esebenzisa ubufakazi bokufunda bokwenziwayo noma obethulwa ngomlomo.

IZINDLELA ZOKUHLOLA

Ukuzihlola komfundi

Yonke imiPhumela yokuFunda naMazinga okuHlola ibonakala ngokucacile. Abafundi bayakwazi okulindelwekubo. Ngalokho, abafundi bangabamba iqhaza elibalulekile ekuhloleni ngokuthi azihlole yena, ‘ekuhlolenikwangaphambili’ umsebenzi ngaphambi kokuthi uthisha enze ukuhlola kokugcina. Ukuninga ngokufunda’kwakhe kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokufunda.

Ukuhlolwa komfundi ngontanga

Ukuhlolwa untanga, esebenzisa uhlu lokubona okukhona nokungekho noma irubrikhi, lokwelekelela abafundiokuhlolwa umsebenzi wabo nalabo abahlolayo. Ukwabelana ngezici okubonwa ngazo kuthuthukisa abafundiekuhloleni ukusebenza kwabo nokwabanye.

Ukuhlolwa kweqembu

Ikhono lokusebenza ngempumelelo emaqenjini kungomunye wemiPhumela eSemqoka. Ukuhlola umsebenziweqembu kufaka ukufuna ubufakazi bokuthi iqembu labafundi liyasebenzisana, bayelekelelana,bahlukaniselana umsebenzi, nokuhlanganisa iminikelo ibe wumkhiqizo owodwa oyingxubevange ohlolekayo.Ukuhlolwa kweqembu kubuka inqubo kanye nomkhiqizo. Kuphatha ukuhlola amakhono okuhlalisana ,ukuphathwa kwesikhathi, ukuphathwa kwezinto zokusebenza nokwahlukana kweqembu, nemibono ekhishwayiqembu.

IZINDLELA ZOKUQOQA UBUFAKAZI BOKUHLOLA

Kunezindlela ezinhlobonhlobo zokuqoqa ubufakazi bokuhlola. Ezinye zazo zichaziwe ngezansi.


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Ukuhlola okwesekwe ekuqapheleni

Izindlela zokuhlola ezesekwe ekuhloleni ngokuqaphela zivame ukwakhiwa kafushane zibuye zivumeleukwakhiwa kwezinhlobo ezehlukene zobufakazi obuqoshiwe babafundi abahlukene ngezikhathi ezehlukene.Lolu hlobo lokuhlola luvamise ukugxila emisebenzini edinga ukuba abafundi basebenzisane ekufuneniisixazululo noma umkhiqizo abavumelana ngawo. Ukuqaphela kufanele kube nenhloso futhi kwenziwe ngosizolwesikhali sokuqaphela esifanele.

Ukuhlola okwesekwe esivivinyweni

Ukuhlola okwesekwe esivivinyweni kunesakhiwo esigqamayo ukuba abafundisi bakwazi ukuqoqa ubufakaziobufanayo babo bonke abafundi, ngendlela efanayo nangesikhathi esifanayo. Lolu hlobo lokuhlola lwakhaubufakazi bokufunda obufakazelwa amaphuzu athile. Uma zisetshenziswe ngendlela efanele, izivivinyoziyingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lokufunda ngoba zinikeza ubufakazi obuhle balokho osekufundiwe.

Ukuhlola okwesekwe emsebenzini

Izindlela zokuhlola ezesekwe emsebenzini noma ekwenzeni zihlose ukubonisa ukuthi abafundi bayakwaziukusebenzisa amakhono nolwazi abalufunde kuzingqikithi ezingajwayelekile noma izimo ezingaphandlekwendlu yokufundela. Ukuhlola ukusebenza kuphatha izingxenye zezifundo eziwumsebenzi wamakhonoangenziwa ngokubhala kuphela , ngokubona ukuthi abafundi ithiyori bayisebenzisa kanjani. Izici okubonwangazo, imigomo noma imithetho okuzohlolwa ngayo umsebenzi, okuchazwe kumarubrikhi noma izinhluzokubheka okukhona nokungekho zomsebenzi, zelekelela umfundisi ukusebenzisa izinqumoezinobuchwepheshe ukuhlola ukusebenza kwabafundi.

UKUQOPHA NOKUBIKA

Ukuqopha nokubika kudinga ukubhalwa kwemininingwane eqoqwe ngenkathi kuhlolwa ukuze ikwaziukuhlaziywa nokuba yaziswe abantu bonke ngendlela enembayo nenomqondo.

Izindlela zokuqopha

Kukhona izindlela ezehlukene zokuqopha. Kuvame ukuba kube lukhuni ukwahlukanisa izindlela zokuqophaezindleleni zokuhlola ukusebenza kwabafundi.

Lokhu okulandelayo yizibonelo zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezikhali zokuqopha:

■ izilinganiso zamazinga;■ izinhlu zemisebenzi noma izinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho; kanye■ namarubrikhi.Isikhali ngasinye sichaziwe ngezansi.


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Izilinganiso zamazinga

Izilinganiso zamazinga ziyinoma yiluphi uhlelo lokubeka uphawu, lapho uphawu (njengo-A noma-B) nomaamaphuzu (njengo 5/10 noma 50%) achazwa kabanzi ukuze kuxhunyaniswe amakhodi afingqiwe nokuchazwakwamakhono adingekayo ukuzuza lawo maphuzu. Imininingwane ibaluleke kakhulu kunamaphuzu anikeziweenqubeni yokufunda nokufundisa njengoba inikeza abafundi umqondo ocacile kakhulu walokho osekuzuziwenokuthi yikuphi lapho ukufunda kwabo kungafinyelelanga emgomweni futhi yingani ukufunda kwabokungafinyelelanga emgomweni. Ukumaka ngendlela endala bekuvame ukusebenzisa kakhulu izilinganisozamazinga ezingenayo imininingwane echazayo, lokho kwenza kube nzima ukuba uthole isithombe salokhoumfundi akwazi ukukwenza nalokho okumehlulayo ngokwemiphumela ehlosiwe. Isilinganiso samaphuzuayisithupha sokuzuza sisetshenzisiwe eSitatimendeni sikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12(Umgudu wokuFunda Jikelele).

Izinhlu zemisebenzi noma izinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho

Izinhlu zemisebenzi noma izinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho ziqukethe izitatimende ezehlukeneezichasisa ukusebenza komfundi emsebenzini othize. Lapho isitatimende esithile (isici okubonwa ngaso)ohlwini lokubheka okukhona nokungekho sibonakala njengesifezwe umfundi ngenkathi enza umsebenzi,isitatimende sifakwa uphawu. Zonke izitatimende ezifakwe uphawu ohlwini (njengezici okubonwa ngazoezifeziwe) zichaza ukusebenza komfundi. Lezi zinhlu zokubheka okukhona nokungekho ziwusizo kakhuluemisebenzini lapho umfundi ezihlola yena noma ehlolwa yiqembu.

Amarubrikhi

Amarubrikhi adidiyela amakhodi okulinganisa nokuchazwa kwemigomo. Akhiwe ngokuhleleka ngobukhulubemigomo enezilinganiso mazinga ezichaza umgomo osezingeni elamukelekile lokusebenza okwamukelekilekulelo nalelo zinga lamakhodi. Amarubrikhi adinga ukuba abafundisi bazi ngqo okuyikhona okudingwaumphumela. Amarubrikhi angabe aphelele uma eveza isithombe esiphelele somgomo odingekayo, nomaahlaziye, enikeza isithombe esicacile sezimpawu ezigqamile ezakha izici okubonwa ngazo, noma umfundisiangawahlanganisa womabili. UmHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda unikeza izibonelo zamarubrikhiaqondene ngqo nesifundo.

Ukwakha irubrikhi, umfundisi kumele aqonde okulandelayo:

■ Yimiphi imiphumela ehlosiwe?■ Yimaphi Amazinga okuHlola ahlosiwe ngomsebenzi?■ Yiluphi uhlobo lobufakazi okumele buqoqwe?■ Yiziphi izingxenye ezahlukene zokusebenza ezizohlolwa? ■ Yiziphi izikhali zokuhlola ezizohambelana kahle kakhulu naleyo naleyo ngxenye yomsebenzi

(njengenqubo nalokho azokwakha)?■ Yiluphi uhlobo lolwazi okufanele luvele obala?


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■ Yimaphi amakhono okumele asetshenziswe noma yiziphi izinyathelo ezithathiwe? ■ Yimaphi amathuba okuneka imibono yomuntu, amagugu noma indlela abona ngayo izinto zisuselwa

emsebenzini nokuthi yikuphi phakathi kwalokhu okumele kuhlolwe futhi kuhlolwe kanjani?■ Ingabe irubrikhi eyodwa kumele iqondiswe kuyo yonke imiPhumela naMazinga okuHlola umsebenzi noma

umsebenzi udinga amarubrikhi ahlukene?■ Mangaki amarubrikhi empeleni, adingwa wumsebenzi?

Kubalulekile njalo ukuba umfundisi abelane irubrikhi noma amarubrikhi nabafundi ngaphambi kokuba benzeumsebenzi okulindeleke ukuba wenziwe. Irubrikhi icacisa ukufunda nokusebenza kokubili kumele kuqondisekuyo iphinde ibe yisikhali esinamandla sokuzihlola komfundi.

Ukubika ukusebenza nempumelelo

Ukubika ukusebenza nokuzuziwe kwazisa bonke laba abazimbandakanye noma abashisekele inqubekelaphambili yabafundi. Uma ubufakazi sebuqoqiwe buhunyushwa, abafundisi kudingeka baqophe konke umfundiakuzuzile. Ukuhlola okuqoqayo okwanele kudinga ukuba kwenziwe ukuze ukubika kwenze isitatimendemayelana nomgomo ozuzwe umfundi.

ISitatimende sikaZwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo amaBanga-10 – 12 ( UMgudu wokuFunda Jikelele) samukelaisilinganiso samaphuzu ayi-6 empumelelo. Lesi silinganiso siboniswa ethebuleni-4.1.

Ithebula-4.1 Isilinganiso sokuzuza seSitatimende sikaZwelonke soHlelo lweziFundo amaBanga-10 – 12(UMgudu wokuFunda Jikelele)

Amakhodi IziNcazelo zamaKhono Amamaki ngamaphesenti %

6 Impumelelo yamalengiso 80-100

5 Impumelelo yeqophelo eliphezulu 60-79

4 Impumelelo yezinga elamukelekayo 50-59

3 Impumelelo ngokwanele 40-49

2 Impumelelo ngokuyingxenye 30-39

1 Impumelelo ngokungenele 0-29


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IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO ESIFUNDWENI

Ukwelekelela ngesilinganiso zinga okuzuziwe ngemiPhumela yokuFunda emaBangeni-10 – 12, amakhonoesifundweni achaziwe ukuze kuhlukaniswe okulindeleke ebangeni ngalokho abafundi okumele bakwazinokumele bakuzuze. Amazinga ayisithupha amakhono aleso naleso sifundo nalelo nalelo banga achaziwe. Lezizincazelo zizosiza abafundisi ekuhloleni abafundi futhi babuye bababeke esilinganisweni esifanele. Izincazeloziqoqa imiphumela yokuFunda aMazinga okuHlola bese inikeza izinkomba eziveza impumelelo yalelo zinga.Amazinga okuzuza ahlukene nemikhakha yezilinganiso ngamaphesenti ehambisana nawo anjengobaekhonjisiwe ethebuleni – 4.1.

Ngokuhambisana nenqubomgomo nokuhlola okwesekwe emiphumeleni konke ukuhlola okwenziwa esikoleninangaphandle kufanele kwenziwe ngokwezici okungabonwa ngazo. Amamaki angasetshenziswa ekuhloleniimisebenzi ethize, kepha imisebenzi kumele ihlolwe ngokusebenzisa amarubrikhi esikhundleni sokubakuboniswe ngophawu izimpendulo ezamukelekile nokunikeza amaphuzu / amamaki ngokwenani lezimpawu.Izitatimende zokwazi ukwenza zesifundo zichaza okuncane okulindelekile okufanele ukuba umfundi akubonisengamakhono, ulwazi, indlela yokubheka/yokuthatha izinto kanye namagugu

Lapho abafundisi / abahloli belungiselela umsebenzi noma umbuzo wokuhlola, kufanele baqinisekise ukuthiumsebenzi noma umbuzo uqondene nomphumela othize. Izinga noma Amazinga okuHlola afanele kumeleasetshenziswe ukwakha irubrikhi lokuhlola umsebenzi/ umbuzo. Izincazelo zibonisa ngokucacileyo okuncaneokulindeleke ukuba kuzuzwe kulelo nalelo zinga lesilinganiso.

Ukuchazwa kokwazi ukwenza kwalesi sifundo kufakiwe ekugcineni kwalesi sahluko.

INQUBEKELA PHAMBILI

Inqubekela phambili eBangeni le- 10 naseBangeni le- 11 izogxila ekuhloleni kwangaphakathi kuphela, kodwakumele kwesekwe ezimisweni ezinjengalezo zeSitifiketi seMfundo nokuQeqesha okuQhubekayo. Izidingo,izimiselo, kanye nemithetho yokudidiyela izifundo, nokuqhubekela phambili ngokubonelelwa njengobakubekwe ngokusobala ku-Qualifications and Assessment Policy Framework for Grade 10 – 12 (General)

INDLELA AMAKHADI OKUBIKA OKUMELE ABUKEKE NGAYO

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwakha amakhadi okubika kodwa kuba ngcono uma elula, uma nje efake yonkeimininingwane ebalulekile. Amakhadi okubika kumele afake imininingwane ngenqubekela phambili epheleleyomfundi, kuhlanganise nalokhu okulandelayo:

■ okuzuzwayo ekufundeni ngokwemiphumela;■ amandla omfundi ekufundeni;■ ukwelekelelwa okudingekayo noma okunikeziwe lapho kufanele khona;

■ ukunikeza umbiko owakhayo ngomsebenzi owenziwe ngokubeka umbono ngokuphathelene nokusebenzakomfundi kwangaphambilini nezidingo zesifundo; kanye

■ nenqubekela phambili ethuthukayo yomfundi ekwazini indlela afunda ngayo.

Ukunezezela, amakhadi okuhlola kumele abe nale mininingwane elandelayo:

■ igama lesikole■ igama lomfundi;■ ibanga umfundi akulo;■ unyaka nethemu;■ isikhala sesiginesha yomzali noma umbheki womfundi;■ isiginesha kathisha nekathishanhloko;■ usuku;■ izinsuku zokuvalwa nokuvulwa kwezikole;■ isigxivizo sesikole / isitembu sesikole; kanye■ nephrofayili yokuba khona nokuphutha komfundi esikoleni.

UKUHLOLWA KWABAFUNDI ABANEZINGQINAMBA EKUFUNDENI

Ukuhlolwa kwabafundi abanezinkinga, ekufundeni kuzoqhutshwa kuhambisane nesiphakamiso sezindlelazokuhlola ezingasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezithile kanye / noma ukuphendula uhlelo lokuhlola ukuzeluhlangabezane nezidingo zomfundi njengoba kubekiwe ku-Qualification and Assessment Policy Frameworkfor Grades 10 – 12 (General) njengoba kuhambisana nabafundi abahlangabezana nezingqinamba ekufundeni.Bhekisa ku-White Paper 6 on Special Needs Education: Building an Inclusive Education and Training System.


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Impumeleloyamalengiso

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengamalengiso anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuzethemba, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuthuthuka okuphelele ekuqapheleninasekusebenziseni ulimi eveza, uzwela,nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisa ukuzeabone, ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achaze ulwaziukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimingokushelelayo nangokubonisa imizwangamalengiso ezimweni ezehlukenezokuxhumana.

■ bona, ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achazeamathekisthi ngokuzethemba nangempumelelolapho efunda nalapho ebukela; khombisaukuqonda okucacile abuye aphikelelengokunamandla ekuvikeleni imibono yakhe;funda ngokuphakamisa, izwi ekhombisaukushelela nokubonisa imizwa ngamalengiso;khombisa uzwela emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi aziqambelewona, anokuhambisana, nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba; guqula lokhuakubhalayo nakwethulayo kufanele izethameli,izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; hlelaimibono neziphakamiso ngendlela eqinile,encengayo, nenobuchule ekhombisa isitayelasakhe esithuthukayo; buyekeza abuye ahleleumbhalo ngaphandle kokwelekelelwaukuqinisekisa intuthuko.

IZINCAZELO ZAMAKHONO OLIMINI LWASEKHAYA


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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi ngendlelaeqinile ngokuzethemba, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaulwazi olusezingeni lwamalengiso lokuqaphelanokusebenzisa ulimi eveza uzwela,nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisa ukuzeahumushe, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye achazeulwazi ukufeza izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlosoezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi ekhombisaukushelela nokubonisa imizwa ngamalengisoezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ humusha, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye achazeamathekisthi ngokuzethemba nangempumelelolapho efunda futhi ebukela; khombisa ukuqondaokugculisayo aphinde aphikelele ngokucacileekuvikeleni imibono yakhe; fundangokuphakamisa izwi ekhombisa ukushelelanokubonisa imizwa ngamalengiso; khombisauzwela emibonweni enhlobonhlobonasezindabeni zamasiko ezinhlobonhlobo.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi aziqambelewona, anokuhambisana, nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba; guqula lokhuakubhalayo nakwethulayo ngempumelelokufanele izethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene; hlela imibono neziphakamisongendlela eqinile, encengayo, nenobuchule,ekhombisa ubufakazi obucacile besitayelasakhe; buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalongaphandle kokwelekelewa ukuqinisekisaintuthuko enohlonze.


■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi ngendlelaeqinile ngokuqhubekayo, ngokuzethembangokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango; khombisa ulwazi olusezingenilwamalengiso lokuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimieveza, uzwela, nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisaukuze ahumushe, ahlaziye ahlolisise abuyeahlanganise ulwazi ukufeza izinhlobonhlobozezinhloso ezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi ekhombisaukushelela nokubonisa imizwa ngamalengisoezimweni ezehlukene eziningi zokuxhumana.

■ humusha ahlaziye ahlolisise ngokuzethembanangobungcweti amathekisthi abuye ahlanganiselapho efunda nalapho ebukela; khombisaukuqonda okunothile abuye aphikelelengokuseka imibono yakhe ngokukholakalisayo;funda ngokuphakamisa izwi ekhombisaukushelela nokubonisa imizwa ngokwedlulele;khombisa uzwela emibonweni enhlobonhlobonasezindabeni zamasiko ezinhlobonhlobo.

■ bhala nokwethula ngokuqhubekayo amathekisthiaziqambele wona, anokuhambisana, nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba; guqula lokhuakubhalayo nakwethulayo ngobungcweti kufanele,izethameli, izinhloso nezimo ezehlukene; hlelaimibono neziphakamiso ngendlela eqinile,encengayo, nenobuchule, ekhombisa isitayela sakheesicacile; buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalongaphandle kokwelekelelwa, ukuqinisekisaamathekisthi akheke kahle.

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(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokuzethemba nangokunemba okuthuthukayo;bona, ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achazeumehluko odidanayo emiqondweninasemisebenzini yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; bona, ahlaziye, achaze abuyeasebenzise izinhlobo zezakhi zemishoezehlukene efeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa uliminjengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimweni zansukuzonke nemiphumela yesitayela; khombisaukwazi okuseqophelweni eliphezulukokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokuzethemba, ngokunembayo nakalula;humusha, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye achazeumehluko odidanayo emiqondweninasemisebenzini yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; hlaziya, ahlolisise abuye asebenziseizinhlobo zemisho ezehlukene efeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke nomphumelawesitayela; khombisa ukwazi okuseqophelwenieliphezulu kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokuzethemba, ngokunembayo nakalula;humusha, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye achazeumehluko odidanayo emiqondweninasemisebenzini yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; hlaziya ahlolisise abuye asebenziseizinhlobo zezakhizemisho ezehlukeneezisezingeni lamalengiso efeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke nesitayela; khombisaukwazi okuseqophelweni eliphezulukokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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5 60-79%Impumelelo

ngeqophelo eliphezulu

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengeqophelo eliphezulu anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango nangokuzethemba; khombisaukuqaphela okuthuthukayo nokusebenzisa ulimieveza uzwela, nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze abone, ahumushe, ahlaziyeabuye achaze ulwazi ukufeza izinhlosoezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi izikhathi eziningingokushelelayo nangokubonisa imizwaezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ bona, ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achazeamathekisthi ngokuzethemba izikhathi eziningilapho efunda nalapho ebukela; phikelelangokuqonda abuye asekele imibono yakhe;funda ngokuphakamisa izwi ekhombisaukushelela nokubonisa imizwa emihle kakhulu;khombisa uzwela emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye athule amathekisthi izikhathieziningi aziqambele wona, anokuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango kephaanokunemba okunciphayo; guqula lokhuakubhalayo nakwethulayo kufanele izethameli,izinhloso, izakhiwo nezimo ezehlukene; hlelaimibono neziphakamiso ngendlela eqinile,encengayo, nenobuchule; bonisa ubufakazibokuthuthuka kwesitayela sakhe; buyekezaabuye ahlele umbhalo ngaphandlekokwelekelelwa ezikhathini eziningiukuqinisekisa intuthuko.

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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuzethemba ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela okuthuthukile nokusebenzisa ulimieveza, uzwela, nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze ahumushe, ahlaziye,ahlolisise abuye achaze ulwazi ukufezaizinhloso ezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi izikathieziningi ngokushelelayo nangokubonisa imizwaezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ humusha, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye achazeamathekisthi ngokuzethemba lapho efundanalapho ebukela; khombisa ukuqonda okuhlelapho ephikelela abuye asekele imibono yakhengendlela ecacile; funda ngokuphakamisa izwiekhombisa ukushelela nokubonisa imizwaemihle kakhulu; khombisa uzwela emibonwenieyehlukene nasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ khiqiza izikhathi eziningi amathekisthiaziqambele wona, anokuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango nokunemba laphoebhala nalapho ethula; guqula lokhu akubhalayonokwethulayo kufanele izethameli, izinhloso,izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; hlela imibononeziphakamiso ngendlela eqinile, encengayonenobuchule abuye, abonise ubufakazibesitayela sakhe; buyekeza abuye ahleleumbhalo wakhe ngaphandle kokwelekelelwaizikhathi eziningi ukuqinisekisa intuthuko.


■ khuluma ngendlela eqinile abuye ethuleamathekisthi ngokuzethemba, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela okuthuthuke kahle nokusebenzisaulimi eveza, uzwela, nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze ahumushe, ahlaziye,ahlolisise abuye ahlanganise ulwazi ukufezaizinhloso ezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi izikhathieziningi ngokushelelayo nangokubonisa imizwaezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ humusha, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye ahlanganiseamathekisthi ngokuzethemba nangempumelelolapho efunda nalapho ebukela; khombisaukuqonda okuningana, abuye aphikelelengokucacile abuye asekele imibono yakhe;funda ngokuphakamisa izwi ekhombisaukushelela nokubonisa imizwa emihle kakhulu;khombisa uzwela emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi aziqambelewona, anokuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba lapho ebhalanalapho ethula; guqula lokhu akubhalayonokwethulayo kufanele izethameli, izinhloso,izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene ngempumelelo;hlela imibono neziphakamiso ngendlela eqinile,encengayo nenobuchule abonise ubufakazibesitayela sakhe; buyekeza abuye ahleleumbhalo wakhe ngaphandle kokwelekelelwaeqinisekisa ukuthuthuka okunohlonze.

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yeqophelo eliphezulu(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba nokuzethemba okuthuthukayo;bona, ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achazeizikhathi eziningi umehluko odidanayoemiqondweni nasemisebenzini yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama; bona, ahlaziye, achazeabuye asebenzise izakhi zemisho ezehlukeneefeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonkenomphumela wesitayela; khombisa ukwaziokuhle kakhulu kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokuzethemba nangokunemba okuthuthukayo;humusha, ahlaziye abuye achaze izikhathieziningi umehluko odidanayo emiqondweninasemisebenzini yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; bona, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuyeasebenzise ezikhathini eziningi izakhi zemishoezehlukene efeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa uliminjengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimweni zansukuzonke nomphumela wesitayela; khombisaukwazi okuhle kakhulu kokusebenzisa uhlelololimi nolwazimagama.

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingendlela enembayo nangokuzethemba;humusha, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye achazeumehluko odidanayo emiqondweninasemisebenzini yamagama nezakhiwozamagama; bona, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuyeasebenzise ezikhathini eziningi izakhi zemishoezehlukene efeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa uliminjengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimweni zansukuzonke nomphumela wesitayela; khombisaukwazi okuhle kakhulu kokusebenzisa uhlelololimi nolwazimagama.

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elamukelekayo

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengezinga elimukelekayo anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango nangokuzethembaokwamukelekile; khombisa ukuqaphelaokwamukelekile nokusebenzisa ulimi evezauzwela nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisaukuze abone abuye ahumushe ulwazi kephauhlangabezana nobunzima lapho ehlaziyanalapho echaza ulwazi ukufeza izinhlosoezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi ngokushelelayonangokubonisa imizwa ngokwamukelekileezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ bona abuye ahumushe amathekisthingokuzethemba okwamukelekile lapho efundanalapho ebukela, kepha ahlangabezanenobunzima lapho echaza nalapho ehlaziyaulwazi; phikelela ngokuqonda abuye asekeleimibono yakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelelayo nangokubonisa imizwaokwamukelekile; khombisa uzwelaolwamukelekile emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi aziqambele wona,anokuhambisana nokuhlangana kwemicabango,nokunemba okwamukelekile; guqula lokhuakubhalayo nakwethulayo ngokwamukelekilekufanele izethameli, izinhloso izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene; hlela imibono neziphakamisongendlela enemininingwane eqonde ngqongokwamukelekayo kepha ibe inobufakaziobuncane bobuchule nesitayela sakhe; buyekezaabuye ahlele ngokwelekelelwa ukuqinisekisaintuthuko.

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Ekupheleni kwebanga le-11 umfundi ophumelelengezinga elimukelekayo anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuhambisana, nangokuhlanganakwemicabango nangokuzethembaokwamukelekile; khombisa ukuqaphelaokuthuthukayo nokusebenzisa ulimi evezauzwela nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisaukuze ahumushe abuye achaze ulwazi kepha ebeengabaza lapho ehlaziya nalapho ehlolisisa;sebenzisa ulimi ngokushelelayo nangokubonisaimizwa ngokwamukelekile ezimweniezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ humusha abuye ahlaziye, amathekisthingokuzethemba okwamukelekile lapho efundanalapho ebukela, kepha ahlangabezanenokungabaza okungatheni lapho ehlolisisanalapho echaza ulwazi; phikelela ngokuqondaokwamukelekile abuye asekele imibono yakhe;funda ngokuphakamisa izwi ngokushelelayonangokubonisa imizwa ngokwamukelekile;khombisa uzwela olwamukelekile emibonwenieyehlukene nasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala ethule amathekisthi aziqambele wona,anokuhambisana, nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba okwamukelekile; guqula lokhuakubhalayo nakwethulayo ngokwamukelekilekufanele izethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene; hlela imibono neziphakamisongendlela enemininingwane eqonde ngqongokwamukelekayo futhi enobufakazi obuthilebobuchule nesitayela sakhe; buyekeza aphindeahlele umbhalo ngokwelekelelwa okungatheniukuqinisekisa intuthuko..

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-12, umfundi ophumelelengezinga elimukelekayo anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuzethemba, ngokuhambisananangokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ulimi eveza uzwelanokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisa ukuzeahumushe abuye ahlaziye ulwazi ukufezaizinhloso ezehlukene kepha ebe engabaza laphoehlolisisa nalapho ehlanganisa ulwazi; sebenzisaulimi ngokushelelayo nangokubonisa imizwangokwamukelekile ezimweni ezehlukenezokuxhumana.

■ humusha abuye ahlaziye, amathekisthingokuzethemba okwamukelekile lapho efundanalapho ebukela kepha akhombise ukungabazaokungatheni lapho ehlolisisa nalaphoehlanganisa ulwazi; khombisa ukuqonda laphoephikelela abuye asekele imibono yakhe; fundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokushelelayonangokubonisa imizwa ngokwamukelekile;khombisa uzwela olwamukelekile emibonwenieyehlukene nasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi aziqambele wona,anokuhambisana, nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba; guqula lokhu akubhalayonakwethulayo ngokwamukelekile kufaneleizethameli, izinhloso, isimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene;hlela imibono neziphakamiso ngendlela ecacile,enemininingwane eqonde ngqongokwamukelekayo enobufakazi obuthilebobuchule nesitayela sakhe; buyekeza aphindeahlele umbhalo ngokwelekelelwa okungatheniukuqinisekisa inthuthuko.

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elamukelekayo(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba okwamukelekile; bona, ahumushe,ahlaziye abuye achaze imiqondo edidanayonemisebenzi yamagama ajwayelekile nezakhiwozamagama ngokunemba okwamukelekile; bona,ahlaziye, achaze abuye asebenzise izakhizemisho ezehlukene efeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke nomphumelawesitayela kepha wenza amaphutha asobala;khombisa ukwazi okwamukelekilekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba okwamukelekile; humusha,ahlaziye abuye achaze imiqondo nemisebenziyamagama nezakhiwo zamagama kanyenamagama anemiqondo edidanayo ngokunembaokwamukelekile; bona, ahlaziye, ahlolisiseabuye asebenzise izakhi zemisho ezehlukeneefeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonkenomphumela wesitayela kepha wenzaamaphutha; khombisa ukwazi okuhleokwamukelekile kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

■ qonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimiso zolimingokunemba okwamukelekile; humusha,ahlaziye abuye achaze umehluko odidanayoemqondweni nasemisebenzini yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama ngokunembaokwamukelekile; bona, ahlaziye, ahlolisiseabuye asebenzise izakhi zemisho ezehlukeneefeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonkenemiphumela yesitayela kepha wenzaamaphutha; khombisa ukwazi okwamukelekilekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango ngokwanele; khombisaukuqaphela nokusebenzisa ngokwanele ulimieveza uzwela nokuhlonipha; lalelangokuhlolisisa ukuze abone, ahumushe, ahlaziyeachaze ulwazi ngokwanele ukufeza izinhlosoezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi ekhombisaukushelela nokubonisa imizwa ngokwaneleezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ bona abuye ahumushe ngokwanele amathekisthilapho efunda nalapho ebukela kodwaahlangabezane nobunzima lapho ehlaziyanalapho echaza ulwazi; khombisa ukuqondaokwanele abuye anikeze futhi asekele imibonoyakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelela nangokubonisa imizwangokwanele; khombisa uzwela olwaneleemibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ qaphela ngokwanele ukuthi akhiqhize amathekisthiaziqambele wona, anokuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango nokunemba laphoebhala nalapho ethula; guqula ngokwanele lokhuakubhalayo nakwethulayo kufanele izethameli,izinhloso izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; khaimibono neziphakamiso nemininingwanenokuqondisa okwanele kodwa kube nobufakaziobuncane bobuchule kanye nesitayela sakhe;buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalo ngaphandlekokwelekelelwa ukuqinisekisa intuthuko.

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Ekupheleni kwebanga le-11 umfundi ophumelelengokwanele anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi,ngokuhambisana nangokuhlangana kwemicabangookwanele; khombisa ukuqaphela nokusebenzisangokwanele ulimi eveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha;lalela ngokuhlolisisa ukuze ahumushe ulwazingokwanele ukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene kephauhlangabezana nobunzima lapho ehlaziya,ehlolisisa nalapho echaza ukufeza izinhlosoezehlukene; sebenzisa ulimi ekhombisa ukushelelanokubonisa imizwa ngokwanele ezimweniezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ humusha abuye ahlaziye amathekisthingokwanele lapho efunda nalapho ebukela,kodwa ahlangabezane nobunzima laphoehlolisisa nalapho echaza ulwazi; khombisaukuqonda okwanele abuye anikeze futhi asekeleimibono yakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelela nangokubonisa imizwa okwanele;khombisa uzwela olwanele emibonwenieyehlukene nasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ qaphela ngokwanele ukuthi akhiqhizeamathekisthi aziqambele wona,anokuhambisana nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba lapho ebhala nalapho ethula; guqulangokwanele lokhu akubhalayo nakwethulayokufanele izethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene; kha ngokwanele imibononeziphakamiso kepha enobuchule,imininingwane noma nokuqondisa okuncane;khombisa ubufakazi obanele besitayela sakhe;buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalo kepha udingaukulekelelwa ukuqinisekisa intuthuko eyanele.

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-12 umfundi ophumelelengokwanele anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthingokuhambisana nangokuhlanganakwemicabango okwanele; khombisa ukuqaphelanokusebenzisa ngokwanele ulimi eveza uzwelanokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisa ukuzeahumushe abuye ahlaziye ulwazi ngokwaneleukufeza izinhloso ezehlukene kephauhlangabezana nobunzima lapho ehlolisisanalopho ehlanganisa ulwazi; sebenzisa ulimiekhombisa ukushelela nokubonisa imizwangokwanele ezimweni ezehlukene zokuxhumana.

■ humusha abuye ahlaziye amathekisthingokwanele lapho efunda nalapho ebukelakodwa ahlangabezane nobunzima laphoehlolisisa nalapho ehlanganisa ulwazi; khombisaukuqonda okwanele abuye anikeze futhi asekeleimibono yakhe; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokushelela nongokubonisa imizwangokwanele; khombisa uzwela olwaneleemibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ qaphela ngokwanele ukuthi akhiqhize amathekisthiaziqambele wona, anokuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba lapho ebhala nalaphoethula; guqula ngokwanele lokhu akubhalayonakwethulayo kufanele izethameli, izinhloso,izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; kha ngokwaneleimibono neziphakamiso kepha enobuchule,imininingwane nokuqondisa okuncane; khombisaubufakazi obanele besitayela sakhe; buyekezaabuye ahlele umbhalo kepha udingaukwelekelelwa ukuqinisekisa intuthuko eyanele.

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(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda izakhi nezimiso zolimi ngokwanele abuyeakwazi ukuzisebenzisa ngokunembayo ngezinyeizikhathi; bona abuye ahumushe imiqondoyamagama nezakhiwo zamagama ngokwanelekepha ahlangabezane nobunzima lapho ehlaziyanalapho echaza imisebenzi yawo, futhi ukwazingokungatheni ukubona umehluko odidanayo;bona, ahlaziye, achaze abuye asebenzise izakhizemisho ezehlukene ngokwanele efeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke ebe enza amaphuthaasobala; bonisa ukwazi okwanele kokusebenzisauhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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■ qonda izakhi nezimiso zolimi ngokwanele abuyeakwazi ngezinye izikhathi ukuzisebenzisangokunemba; humusha abuye ahlaziye imiqondoyamagama ngokwanele kepha ahlangabezanenobunzima lapho echaza imisebenzi yamagamanezakhiwo zamagama futhi akwazingokungatheni ukubona umehluko odidanayoothile; bona, ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuyeasebenzise izakhi zemisho ezehlukenengokwanele ngendlela eyamukelekile efezaizinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonke kephawenza amaphutha asobala; khombisa ukwaziokwanele kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

■ qonda izakhi nezimiso zolimi ngokwanele abuyeakwazi ngezinye izikhathi ukuzisebenzisangokunemba; humusha, ahlaziye, ahlolisise,abuye achaze ngokwanele umehluko odidanayoemiqondweni yamagama nasemisebenziniyamagama nezakhiwo zamagama; bona,ahlaziye, ahlolisise abuye asebenzise izakhizemisho ezehlukene ngokwanele ngendlelaeyamukelekile efeza zinhloso zokusebenzisaulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimwenizansuku zonke, ngezinye izikhathi enzeamaphutha; khombisa ukwazi okwanelekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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ngokuyingxenye

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumeleleukuzuza okumbalwa anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule ulwazi ngokunqamukakokuhambisana nokuhlangana kwemicabango;sebenzisa ulimi kepha ukhombisa ukungapheleliekuqapheleni ulimi eveza uzwela nokuhlonipha;hle angalaleli ngokuhlolisisa noma abone,ahumushe, ahlaziye abuye achaze ulwaziukufeza izinhloso ezahlukene; sebenzisakanzima ulimi ngokushelela nangokubonisaimizwa ezimweni ezijwayelekile zokuxhumana.

■ thukela ebona nokuhumusha amathekisthi laphoefunda nalapho ebukela, futhi uhlangabezananobunzima, ekuhlaziyeni nasekuchazeni ulwazioluthile; thukela ekhombisa ukuqonda nomaukubeka imibono abuye ayisekele kanzima;funda ngokuphakamisa izwi ngokunqamuka,ngokushelela nangokubonisa imizwangokungaphelele; khombisa uzwelaolungaphelele emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule kepha utshengisaukuziqambela, ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba okuncane nomaukuqhaphela izethameli, izinhloso, izimonezakhiwo ezehlukene; thukela akha imibononeziphakamiso noma aveze ubuchule nesitayelasakhe; buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalongokwelekelelwa njalo kodwa ubonisa kanzimaintuthuko.

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Ekupheleni kwebanga le-11 umfundi ophumeleleukuzuza ingxenye anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi kephaakavamile ukuwenza abe nokuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela okungaphelele nokusebenzisa ulimieveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha; hle angalelingokuhlolisisa ukuze ahumushe abuye ahlaziyefuthi uhlangabezana nobunzima obukhulu laphoehlolisisa nalapho echaza ulwazi izinhlosoezehlukene; thukela esebenzisa ulimingokushelela nangokubonisa imizwa ezimweniezijwayelekile zokuxhumana.

■ thukela ehumusha echaza amathekisthingokungavamile lapho efunda nalapho ebukela,futhi uhlangabezana nobunzima lapho ehlolisisanalapho echaza ulwazi; thukela ekhombisaukuqonda noma ukubeka imibono futhiuyisekela ngokungaphelele; fundangokuphakamisa izwi ngokunqamukanangokushelela nangokubonisa imizwaokungaphelele; khombisa uzwela olungapheleleemibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule kepha utshengisaukuziqambela, ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango nokunemba okungaphelele;qaphele kanzima izethameli, izinhloso, izimonezakhiwo ezehlukene; thukela akha imibono,iziphakamiso noma ukubonisa ubuchule nomaisitayela sakhe; buyekeza abuye ahlele umbhalongokwelekelelwa njalo kodwa akavamileukukhombisa intuthuko.

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-12 umfundi ophumeleleukuzuza ingxenye anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi kephaakavamile ukuwenza abe nokuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango; khombisaukuqaphela okuthile nokusebenzisa ulimi evezauzwela nokuhlonipha; lalela ngokuhlolisisangokungavamile ukuze ahlaziye, ahumushe,ahlolisise abuye ahlanganise ulwazi ukufezaizinhloso ezehlukene; thukela esebenzisangokungavamile ulimi ngokushelelanangokubonisa imizwa ezimweni ezijwayelekilezokuxhumana.

■ thukela ehumusha amathekisthi ngokungavamilelapho efunda nalapho ebukela futhiuhlangabezana nobunzima lapho ehlaziya,ehlolisisa nalapho ehlanganisa ulwazi; thukelaekhombisa ukuqonda okuthile aphinde abekeimibono ethile yakhe kodwa unikeza ukusekelaokungaphelele; funda ngokuphakamisa izwingokunqamuka nangokushelela nangokubonisaimizwa ngokungaphelele; khombisa uzwelaolungaphelele emibonweni eyehlukenenasezindabeni zamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule kepha utshengisaukuziqambela nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba okungaphelele abuye aqaphelekanzima izethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezehlukene; kha imibono neziphakamisoezinemininingwane embalwa efanele kepha ebeenganakho ukuhlala eqondisile futhi ukhombisakanzima ubufakazi bobuchule noma isitayelasakhe; buyekeza nokuhlela umbhalo futhi udingaukwelekelewa njalo kodwa akavamileukukhombisa intuthuko.

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ngokuyingxenye

■ thukela eqonda izakhi nezimiso zolimi futhiunobunzima ekuzisebenziseni ngendlelaenembayo; bona abuye ahumushe umehlukoemiqondweni yamagama ajwayelekilenezakhiwo zamagama kodwa uhlangabezananobunzima obukhulu lapho ehlaziya nalaphoechaza imisebenzi yawo; bona, ahlaziye achazeabuye asebenzise ngendlela eyamukelekileizakhi zemisho ezijwayelekile ukufeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke futhi wenzaamaphutha amabi; khombisa ukwaziokungaphelele kokusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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■ thukela eqonda nokusebenzisa izakhi nezimisozolimi ngokunembayo; humusha abuye ahlaziyeumehluko emiqondweni yamagama ajwayelekilekodwa ahlangabezane nobunzima obukhululapho ehlolisisa nolapho echaza imisebenziyamagama nezakhiwo zamagama; thukelaebona, ehlaziya, echaza nalapho esebenzisaizakhi zemisho ezehlukene ngokungavamilengendlela eyemukelekile efeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke abuye enze amaphuthaamabi; khombisa ukwazi okungaphelelekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

■ qonda ezinye izimiso nezakhi zolimi kodwauzisebenzisa ngokungavamile ngendlelaeyamukelekile; humusha abuye ahlaziyeimiqondo yamagama kodwa ahlangabezanenobuzima obukhulu lapho ehlolisisa nalaphoechaza umsebenzi wamagama nezakhiwozamagama; thukela ebona, ehlaziya, echazanalapho esebenzisa izakhi zemisho ezehlukeneefeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa ulimi njengokubalusetshenziswa ezimweni zansuku zonke kodwangempumelelo engaphelele abuye enzeamaphutha; khombisa ukwazi okungaphelelekokusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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ngokungenele

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-10 umfundi ophumelelengokungenele anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi izikhathieziningi ngokungenako ukuhambisanakwemicabango; thukela kakhulu ukukhombisaukuqaphela ulimi nokulusebenzisa eveza uzwelanokuhlonipha; hle angalaleli kakhulungokuhlolisisa ukuze abone, ahlaziye, ahumushenoma achaze ulwazi ukufeza izinhlosoezahlukene; hle angalusebenzisi ulimingokushelela noma ngendlela ebonisa imizwaezimweni ezijwayelekile zokuxhumana.

■ hle angahumushi, angahlaziyi kakhulu abuyeachaze amathekisthi lapho efunda nomaebukela;hle angakhombisi kakhulu ukuqondanoma ukuveza imibono yakhe futhi uthukelaeyisekela; funda kabi ngokuphakamisa izwifuthi kungahle kungabibikho ukushelela nomaukubonisa imizwa; hle angakhombisi kakhuluuzwela emibonweni ehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi kepha cisheangatshengisi nokuncane ukuziqambela,ukuhambisana, nokuhlangana kwemicabangonokunemba; khombisa ukungaqapheliizethameli, izinhloso, izimo nezakhiwoezahlukene; hle angabhali ngendlela ecacilenoma abonise ubufakazi besitayela sakhe futhiiziphakamiso zididane lokhu kwenzaamathekisthi cishe angabi nanomncaneumqondo; hle angabuyekezi kakhulu abuyeahlele umbhalo wakhe ukuze alungiseamaphutha.

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Ekupheleni kwebanga le-11 umfundi ophumelelengokungenele anga:

■ khuluma abuye ethule amathekisthi kodwangokuhambisana kwemicabango okungaphelele;cishe angakhombisi ukuqaphela uliminokulusebenzisa eveza, uzwela nokuhlonipha;lalela ngokuhlolisisa kanzima kakhulu ukuzeahumushe, ahlaziye, ahlolisise noma achaze ulwaziukufeza izinhloso ezahlukene; thukela esebenzisaulimi ngokushelela noma ngokubonisa imizwaezimweni ezijwayelekile zokuxhumana.

■ thukela kakhulu ukuhumusha ukuhlaziya,ukuhlolisisa nokuchaza amathekisthi laphoefunda nalapho ebukela; thukela ekhombisaukuqonda nokubeka imibono yakhe nomaayisekele; funda kabi ngokuphakamisa izwifuthi kanzima kakhulu noma ngokubonisaimizwa; khombisa kanzima kakhulu uzwelaemibonweni eyehlukene nasezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi kodwautshengisa ukuziqambela ukuhambisananokuhlangana kwemicabango noma ukunembaokuncane; khombisa ukungaqapheli, izethameli,izimo nezakhiwo ezehlukene; thukela ukubhalangokucacile abuye angabonisi ubufakazibesitayela sakhe; thula imibono neziphakamisokodwa ziyadidanisa; hle angabuyekezi angahlelikakhulu umbhalo wakhe ukuze alungiseamaphutha.

Ekupheleni kwebanga le-12 umfundi ophumelelengokunganele anga:

■ khuluma ethule amathekisthi kodwa awavamileukuba nokuhambisana kwemicabango;cisheangakhombisi ukuqaphela uliminokulusebenzisa eveza uzwela nokuhlonipha;lalela ngokuhlolisisa kanzima kakhulu ukuzeahumushe, ahlaziye, ahlolisise noma ahlanganiseulwazi ukufeza izinhloso ezahlukene; thukelaesebenzisa ulimi ngokushelela noma ukubonisaimizwa ezimweni ezijwayelekile zokuxhumana.

■ funda abuye abukele amathekisthi kephaahlangabezane nobunzima obukhulu laphoehumusha, ehlaziya, ehlolisisa nalaphoehlanganisa ulwazi; khombisa ukuqonda nomaukubeka imibono yakhe noma ayisekelengokungavamile; funda kabi ngokuphakamisaizwi futhi ngokushelela noma ukubonisa imizwaokuncane; khombisa uzwela oluncaneemibonweni eyehlukene noma ezindabenizamasiko ezehlukene.

■ bhala abuye ethule amathekisthi kephautshengisa ubufakazi obungaphelele kakhulubokuziqambela, ukuhambisana nokuhlanganakwemicabango noma ukunemba; khombisaukungaqapheli izethameli, izinhloso, izimonezakhiwo ezehlukene; thula imibononeziphakamiso kodwa zixovene,iyashwaphuluzwa noma iphindaphindwe futhiayinaso isitayela sakhe; buyekeza nokuhlelaumbhalo wakhe kuphela ngokulekelelwa njalokepha ngaphandle kokuqonda noma ukulungisaamaphutha.

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ngokungenele(Iyaqhutshwa)

■ qonda kuphela izakhi nezimiso zolimieziyisisekelo kodwa angahle angazibenzisingendlela eyamukelekile; hle angaboni,angahumushi, angahlaziyi futhi angachazikakhulu imiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamaajwayelekile nezakhiwo zamagama; sebenzisaimisho engenasakhi noma umqondoolandelekayo; khombisa kancane kakhuluukusebenzisa uhlelo lolimi nolwazimagama.

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■ qonda kuphela izakhi nezimiso zolimieziyisisekelo futhi uzisebenzisa ngendlelaengamukelekile; hle angahumushi, angahlaziyi,angahlolisisi futhi angachazi kakhulu umehlukophakathi kwemiqondo nemisebenzi yamagamaajwayelekile nezakhiwo zegama; hleangasebenzisi kakhulu izakhiwo zemishongendlela eyamukelekile ukufeza izinhlosozokusebenzisa ulimi njengokuba lusetshenziswaezimweni zansuku zonke; khombisa kancanekakhulu ukwazi ukusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

■ qonda kuphela izakhi nezimiso zolimieziyisisekelo kodwa uzisebenzisa ngendlelaengamukelekile; hle angahumushi, angahlaziyi,angahlolisisi futhi angachazi imiqondonemisebenzi yamagama kanye nezakhiwozamagama; hle angasebenzisi kakhulu izakhizemisho ukufeza izinhloso zokusebenzisa uliminjengokuba lusetshenziswa ezimweni zansukuzonke; khombisa ukwazi kancane kakhuluukwazi ukusebenzisa uhlelo loliminolwazimagama.

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IGLOSARI

abafundi abanezingqinamba – abafundi abanezihibe ekufundeni ezingaholela ekuthini bangaphumeleli

ama-akhronimi/ amagamamfingqwa – izinhlamvu ezisetshenziswa ukufingqa lelo nalelo gama

amafulowushadi – izithombe ezikhombisa ukulandelana komnyakazo

amagama anezincazelo ezintsha – amagama asezuze incazelo entsha ngaphezu kwaleyo ncazelo anayo (Isib.ukukhipha: ukususa into endaweni yayo; ukuthatha umuntu umyise endaweni yokujabula)

amagama asuselwe kwamanye – amagama anesiqalo esingefani abe nomsuka nesiqu esifanayo (Isib. umu-ntu; isi-ntu; ulu-ntu)

amagama endabuko – amagama angasasetshenziswa asamelwa amanye amagama olimini (Isib. isigqiki,umthimba, ikhetho)

amagugu esizwe – ilokhu okuwumgogodla okwaziswayo nokukhonzwe isizwe

amarubrikhi – indlela elandelwayo uma kunikwa imiklomelo ngomsebenzi womfundi kulandelwa imigomoethile

amasu obuciko – amasu asetshenziswa yisikhulumi ukubonisa noma ukukholwisa izethameli (Isib. ukuhlabaikhefu, ukuphindaphinda, ukuzeka indatshana eyake yavelela isikhulumi)

amathekisthi – okwethulwa ngomlomo, okulotshiwe noma okubukelwayo kanye nolimi lwezimpawuolwedlulisa umyalezo ezethamelini noma kumfundi

amaZinga okuHlola – avela emiPhumeleni esemQoka kanye neThuthukisayo abuye asho nokuthi yiniabafundi abafanele ukuyazi futhi bakwazi ukuyenza ekupheleni kwesigaba noma ibanga

amathekisthi adlulisa imilayezo – izincwadi, amaminithi, imibiko, idayari, umlando womufi

i-asayinimenti (umsebenzi wophenyo) – umsebenzi owabelwe umfundi ukuba awenze ngesikhathi sakhe

ibalazwe lengqondo lokukhumbula – ukubekwa kwendikimba noma kwesihloko lapho amagama nemibonoesemqoka kuhlelwa ngokugqamileyo

ibhuku lokubika malanga onke(idayari) – ibhuku okubhalwa kulo zonke izehlakalo nezinhlelo nsuku zonke

ifanangwaqa – lisho ukuphinda ongwaqa abafanayo emgqeni ukuze kuvele isigqi (Isib. Zwilileka ngizwelobuzwilili)


92

ifanankamisa – lisho ukuphinda umsindo wonkamisa abafanayo (Isib. Yashosholoza intinginono ewumcondo)

ifuzamsindo – lapha kusetshenziswa igama elimsindo walo ufana nomsindo lowo osuke uchazwa.Lilingisaumsindo owenziwa yinto ethile ephilayo noma engaphili. Lowo umsindo ofuze umsindo owenziwaenye into (Isib. UMelusi wavuswa ubugodlogodlo besitmela)

ijagoni – amatemu angavamile asetshenziswa emsebenzini noma eqenjini elithile (Isib. abasebenzangamakhompyutha bakhuluma nge-“CPU”, “RAM”, njll.). Uma ijagoni isetshenziselwe ukubandlululaizethameli ekubambeni iqhaza kungakhubaza futhi kungaba yingozi

ihaba – liwukwandisa lokho okukhulunywa ngakho kuzwakale sengathi kukhulu kakhulu kunalokhookuyikhona ngempela (Isib. Isigelekeqe sangibuka ngezimbokodwe zamehlo).

ikhadi lokubika – ikhadi elinemininingwane yemiphumela yomfundi

ilithothisi – lapha kusetshenziswa amagama noma izakhi ezikhomba ukuphika ngaphambi kwegama elithizeukuze lelo gama liveze umqondo ovumayo. Inhloso yokusisebenzisa kungaba ukuhlekisa noma ukugcizelelaumqondo ovumayo okukhulunywa ngawo (Isib. Yisedeleli esingesincane neze leso)

imFundo ePhakeme – yimfundo eyenzeka emva kwebanga leshumi nambili njengaseyunivesithi,ethekhinikhoni

imibhalo – okufundwayo ( Isib. amanoveli, imidlalo, ama-eseyi, ubuciko bomlomo, izindaba ezimfushane,izinkondlo)

amazinga okuHlola – ivela emiPhumeleni esemQoka kanye neThuthukisayo ibuye isho nokuthi yini abafundiabafanele ukuyazi futhi bakwazi ukuyenza ekupheleni kwesigaba noma ibanga

imiPhumela enqala – ihlangene nemiPhumela eThuthukisayo, imiphumela ebalulekile yesiTatimende soHlelolweziFundo lukaZwelonke, esibukeziwe samaBanga-10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) egqugquzelwangumThethosisekelo. Ibandakanyana amakhono empilo yabafundi, njengokuxhumana, ukucabangangokuhlolisisa, ukwenza kanye nokwazi ukuphatha umsebenzi weqembu kanye nowomphakathi, kanyenokuvivinywa kwamakhono

imiPhumela eThuthukisayo – ihlangene nemiPhumela Sisekelo nemiphumela ebalulekile yesISitatimendeSikazwelonke Sohlelo Lwezifundo samabanga 10 – 12 (UmGudu wokuFunda Jikelele) ezigqugquzelwanguMthetho-sisekelo zibandakanya ukwenza abafundi bakwazi ukufunda ngokuyimpumelelo, babe ngabenzaokufanele, abazwelayo nezakhamuizi eziyizibonelo

imithomboyolwazi – yilapho sithola khona ulwazi (Isib. Iziqukathilwazi, izichazamazwi)

imvumelwano – imvumelwano ukuphindwa kwemisindo ethile ekuqaleni ngaphakathi nasekugcinenikwemigqa ebinzeni (Isib. Ezikhathini zakudala, Okhokho baBejabula….)


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incazelo egudliselayo – incazelo etholakala kuamathekisthi ibe ingabekiwe obala

incazelo eqondile – incazelo etholakala kuamathekisthi ebekwe obala

indida – ukubeka inkulumo ngendlela ephicayo engqondweni

ingqikithi – umongo walokho okuxhunywana ngakho

inkolelo engaguqukiyo – ukubuka uhlobo oluthile lomuntu ongaguqukiyo novame ukuba nobandlululo (Isib.umuntu wesifazane, umuntu ovela kwelinye izwe, umfundisi webandla)

inkulumohlaya – umusho/ isaga noma umbono osusetshenziswe kaningi kangangoba usuze walahlekelwaumfutho

i-okzimoroni – ukusetshenziswa kwamazwi ndawonye amqondo wawo uphikisanayo (Isib. UJabulaniukhathazwa ubugqili benkululeko)

ipharonimi – amagama abolekiwe anesakhiwo esifanayo nesamagama ayimvelaphi yawo

iphimbo – iphimbo ledlulisa umyalezo wamathekisthi. Ezithombeni zebhayisikobho iphimbo lingakhiwangomculo noma indlela umdlalo ohleleke ngayo esiteji

iphothifoliyo (iqoqombhalo) – ubufakazi obubekiweyo bomsebenzi womfundi akade ewenza isikhathi esithile

isakhiwo esincikile – eselekelelayo esigudlene nesakhiwo esikhulu

isakhiwo senoveli / umdlalo – isingeniso, udweshu, isixakaxaka, uvuthondaba kanye nesiphethonobudlelwano bakho konke lokhu

isathaya – uhlobo lwamathekisthi lapho umlobi ezwakala sengathi uyancoma kanti uyabhuqa. Ngokuhlekisangalowo amgxekayo usuke eqonde ukuba ukuhlonipheka kwakhe kwehle kuvele obala kuthi loko kuhloniphekakusekele emaphutheni kumbe ebulimeni. Isikhali esisemqoka sesathaya ukuhlekisa ngalowo ogxekwayongendlela yokubhuqa

isenzukuthi – siyawuchaza umsindo, sibuye sikwazi ukuchaza izimo ezingaphathelene nomsindo (Isib. qwa,bhuqe: imibala, duklu, bhaxu: ukushaya)

isidlalisi- magama – lesi sifenqo sisebenzisa igama elinemiqondo eminingi ngendlela yokuba kulowo musholiveze imiqondo yalo engaphezu kowodwa ( Isib. Waze wawathwala uZodwa amabele)

isifaniso – lapha kuqhathaniswa izinto ezimbili ezingafani ngoba kukhona okuthile okunobudlelwane phakathikwazo. Sandulelwa yizakhi zokufanisa o-njenga-, fana, kuhle, okwe-, -sa- (UThuthukile muhle kuhle kwelangaliphuma)


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isifenyiso – sisebenza ngokuphikisana nehaba (Isib. Le ndoda inemadlana ngoba nakhu ikwazile ukuthengaamabhasi)

isifundo sokuzikhethela – isifundo umfundi azikhethela sona ngoba enothando lwaso

isihlanganiso – igama elisetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa imisho (Isib. UNoxolo ungumdlali ovelele esikoleni futhiuzimisele nasezifundweni zakhe)

isihlonipho – igama elisetshenziswa endaweni yelinye umuntu ohloniphayo (Isib. ukudakwa: ukusutha,ukuhlanza: ukubuyisa)

isilinganisa – mazinga – sihlukanisa okulindeleke ukuba umfundi akwazi nokumele akuzuze ebangeni elithile

isingathekiso – ukukhuluma ngokufanekisa izinto ezingafani ubiza into ngenye (Isib. USinenhlanhla uyimbali).

isiqephu – sisho izinto eziqanjiwe ezibonwayo, ezilalewayo, ezilalelwa zibukelwe njengemibholo, umculo,izithombe, umdwebo, ifilumu iphosta, ikhadi, kanye nolimi lwezimpawu ezethula umyalezo ezethomelini nomaumfundi

uhlelomisho – isimiso sokuhlelwa kwamazwi (Isib. iqembu lamazwi, imishwana nemisho)

isiqhathaniso – sethula amagama noma imiqondo emibili eqophisanayo, ngaleyo ndlela sigcizeleleukuqophisana kwayo (Isib. Likude izulu, siseduze isihogo)

iSitatimende soHlelo lweziFundo – isiTatimende soHlelo lweziFundo ngasinye sibika Amazinga yokuHlolayalokho okuqukethwe kuleso naleso sifundo

isizinda – indawo, isikhathi nesimo sezinto indaba eyenzeka ngaso izakhi zolimi – izinhlangothi zolimi(njengezimo zokukhuluma, izaga, izisho)

isizinda sokufunda – izingxenye eziyisishiyagalombili zolwazi esiTatimendeni soHlelo iweziFundosikaZwelonke somkhakha wemfundo nokuQeqesha Jikelele (Isib. IziBalo, iziLimi; UbuCiko kanye namaSiko)

iziga zokukhuluma – inkulumo enongiwe esasisho. isib. ikhanda lakho lithatha kanjani, uzowukhomba umuzionotshwala

izakhi zemisho – izakhi ezakha umusho. (Isib. inhloko/umenzi, umenziwa njii.

izethameli – umfundi, umlaleli, umbukeli oqondiwe wamathekisthi okuthize. Lapho kwenziwa uhlakalwesiqeshana esilotshwayo izikhulumi / abalobi kumele bacabange ngenhloso nezethameli lapho bekhethauhlobo lokubhalwayo

izici okubonwa ngazo – izimiso noma imigomo okwahlulelwa kubhekiswe kuyo


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izifundo eziwumgogodla/ umongo – izifundo eziphathelene nomsebenzi ozofundelwa umfundi

izifundo sisekelo – izifundo eziphoqelekile ukuba abafundi bazifunde

IziNcazelo zamaKhono esifundo – amakhono okulindeleke ukuthi lowo nalowo mfundi abe nawo kulelo nalelobanga

izincwadi zobufakazi – izincwadi ezinikeza iqiniso ngobunjalo bomuntu

izingcezu zenkulumo – usobizo: ibizo, isabizwana, isichasiso: isiphawulo, isibaluli, ongumnini, inani.isilandiso: isenzo, isibanjalo. isikhanyiso: isilandiso, isenzukuthi, isihlanganiso, isibabazo

izinhlobo zamagama – amagama asetshenziswa ekufundiseni izingxenye zolimi (Isib. izingcezu zenkulumo,ngomqondofana, amagama aphikisanayo)

izinhlobo zemisho – Imisho enhlobonhlobo imisho eqondile, embaxa, ekhonzile, emagatshagatsha njll

izinkomba zomabonakude – okukhombisa izinhlelo noma okuzovela kumabonakude

izinto ezibonakalayo – ezibonakalayo zokwedlulisa umyalezo (Isib. imifanekiso, izithombe, amakhathuni,imidwebo, imifanekiso)

iziqukathilwazi – izincwadi ezisetshenziswa uma ufuna ulwazi oluthile kodwa ebe enqunyelwe isikhathisokuwuqeda

ofuzamqondo – amabizo ahlukene anomqondo ohambisanayo (Isib. amafutha- okugcobisa, okupheka,uphethilomu, u-oyela)

okuzwakalayo – yilokho okunomqondo. Isigaba esinomqondo ngesinokukhula okucacile kwemibono,nesinemisho ehlangene noma elandelana ngokunomqondo

ophimbohluka – amagama abhalwe ngokufanayo kepha ephinyiswa ngendlela engafani (Isib. ibele: isithosomzimba somuntu wesifazane; isitshalo)

ubuliminingi obengezayo – nxa umuntu efunda ulimi noma izilimi ukwengeza olimini lwakhe lwasekhaya. Lolulimi aluthathi isikhundla solimi lwasekhaya kodwa lufundwa kanye nalo. Ohlelweni lwemfundo lokwazi izilimiezimbili ulimi lwasekhaya luyagcinwa luxhaswe, kodwa ulimi lokufundisa lufundiswa kanye nalo. Uma ulimilokufundisa luzothatha isikhundla solimi lwasekhaya lomfundi lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ubulimimbiliobunciphisayo

uchungechunge lokusakaza – ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela eziningi ezingamathekisthi, okubonwayo,umsindo, ividiyo njll. Inkulumo elungiselelwe ngezinyoni ingaxhaswa ngokusetshenziswa kochungechungelokusakaza(Isib. amavidiyo, imifanekiso enamatheliswe engilazini, imisindo)


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udweshu – ukungqubuzana noma ukwehlukana kwemibono endabeni

uHlaka lweNqubomgomo yeziQu nokuHlola – umqulu oqukethe AmaZinga okuHlola

ukubika – ukwazisa ikakhulukazi ngenqubekela phambili yomfundi kulabo abafanele

ukubikezela – lokhu kwenzeka lapho isakhiwo senza ukuba izethameli zibe nolwazi olubanzi ngokwenzekayoukwedlula abalingiswa

ukucevuza – ukwanda ngamazwi noma ukukhulumela futhi

ukuchema – umkhuba wokuthanda into noma umbono ngaphezu komunye, lokho bese kuholela ekuthiniumuntu angabe esakwazi ukuthatha isahlulelo esifanele

ukuhambisana – kusho ukuhlangana kwakheke nobudlelwano ukuze leyo nto ibukeke iyodwa

ukucwaninga – ukufunisisa, ukubhekisisa, ukuhlolisisa ngenhloso yokuthola ulwazi olujulile ngento ethile

ukudidiyela – ukuxuba noma ukuhlanganisa izinto ngenhloso ethile

ukudidiyela – lo umthetho wemfundo othi umuntu unelungelo lokufunda. Okuncane okudingekayo kubafundibonke kucacisiwe ukuze labo abanezidingo ezingavamile, izidingo ngokwemizwa nangokomzimbabalungiselelwe

ukugxeka – ukubeka amazwi ngendlela ekhombisa ukungagculiseki ngenhloso yokulungisa lapho kungahambikahle khona

ukuhlaziya – ukuhlahlela noma ukuhlakaza

ukuhlela izinto – ukubeka izinto ngononina

ukuhlela – yisikhathi lapho kulungiswa uhlelo lolimi, ukusetshenziswa kolimi, iziphumuzi, ukupelwakwamagama ukuqinisekisa okulotshiwe kucacile futhi kwamukelekile

ukuhlola okuqhubekayo – ukuhlola okugqugquzela ukuhlanganiswa kokuhlola ekufundiseni kanyenokuthuthukiswa kwabafundi ngokusebenzisa ukubika nokulungiswa komsebenzi.

ukuhlola okuqoqayo – kunikeza isithombe salokho okuzuzwe ngumfundi ekupheleni kwekwata, konyakanoma ekupheleni komsebenzi obuhlelelwe isikhathi esithile

ukuhlola okuxilongayo – ukuthola izinkinga umfundi ahlangabezana nazo ukuze kwakhiwe amasu angasizaekumelekeleleni


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ukuhlola okuyisisekelo – kusetshenziselwa ukuthola osekwaziwa nokungenziwa ngabafundi

ukuhlola okwakhayo – kusetshenziselwa ukuthola ulwazi ngenqubekela phambili yomfundi

ukuhambisana – kuphathelene nemicabango nezincazelo. Isigaba sinohambisana uma yonke imisho yasoixhumene ngendlela enomqondo futhi yenze okunomqondo okuphelele

ukumisa komzimba – indlela umuntu ema noma aziphatha ngayo lapho ekhuluma

ukumisa kwezitho zomzimba – ukusetshenziswa kwezitho zomzimba ngokugqamileyo ukuze kwedlulisweumyalezo

ukunikezelana amathuba – izinqubo ezizimase ukunganqamuki kokuxhumana kwabantu ababili (Isib.ukuvumela abanye ukuba baveze imibono yabo, ukuphinda amazwi ukuze incazelo icace, ukungena nxakusaxoxwa ukuze abuyise abadukayo, ukwenanela ngemibuzo ukuze athole ukucaciseleka)

ukuphumelela ngokubonelela – ukudluliselwa phambili komfundi ongaphumelelanga ngokufanele

ukuqaphela ngokuhlolisisa – ikhono lokwazi ukuchachisa, ukuhlela ngezigaba noma izinhlobo ezithile nokuhlaziya

ukuqhathanisa – ukubona ukufana okukhona phakathi kwezinto

ukuqinisa izwi, umbono – ukufaka umfutho ukuze lokho okwenzayo kuphumelele noma kuzwakale

ukuqopha – ukubhala phansi inqubekela phambili yomfundi ngenhloso yokwazisa labo abafanele

ukushovuza – ukusebenzisa amagama amaningi ngokungadingekile

ukuthatha uhlangothi – inkulumo evunayo

ukuxhasa – ukuxhasa ukuxhumana kusho ikhono lokwenza ukuthi ukuxhumana kuqhubeke kunganqamuki

ukwazi ukwenza – ukuba nolwazi nendlela yokuthi into yenziwa kanjani futhi ukwazi ukuyenza

ukwehlukanisa – ukuthola umahluko okhona phakathi kwezinto

ukwenzasamuntu – into engaphili inikwa izimpawu zomuntu (Isib. Ilanga lanyonyoba laze layoshona kunina)

ukwenzasasilwane – kufaniswa into ethile nesilwane (Isib. Ezibongweni zebhasi sithola umugqa othi: Hambabhungane lendlela)

ulimi lokufunda kanye nokufundisa – ulimi olusetshenziswa kaningi endaweni yokufunda nokufundisa.Abanye abafundi bahlangabezana nokukwazi ukufunda kanye nokufundisa oLimini LokweNgeza hhayioLimini LwaseKhaya.

ulimi lokwengeza – ulimi olufundwayo kwengezwa kolwasekhaya

ulimi olukhohlisayo – ulimi olunamandla lokuthi umuntu akholwe futhi ebe engaboni ukuthi uyakhohliswa

ulimi oluvumisayo – ulimi olunamandla okwenza umuntu akholwe noma avume lokho okushiwoyo

ulimi olungamukelekile – ulimi olungesona isiZulu soqobo njengesidolobha, isihumusha

umabizwafane – eliphinyiswa libhalwe ngendlela efanayo kodwa libe linezincazelo ezingafani.

umbhalomdwebo – umbhalo owethulwe ngemidwebo

umbhalozithombe – umbhalo owethulwe ngezithombe

umbhinqo – ukusebenzisa amazwi achaza okuthile kepha kube kuqondwe okuphambene nawo. Kusukekusetshenziswe amazwi okuncoma kuqondwe ukugxeka (Isib. Kuyabonakala ukuthi bekuhlala inono kule ndluyiko kungcolile: kuqondwe ukuthi bekuhlala inuku)

umbuzombumbulu – wumbuzo osuke ungabuzelwa ukuthola impendulo, ngoba impendulo yawo ikhona kuwoumbuzo (Isib. Umbulali yena akayikufa yini?)

umhlahlandlela – yilokho okwenzelwe ukwelekelela othisha noma abafundi ukuthi bezwe kangcono lokhookubhaliwe noma okukhulunywa ngakho (Isib. umHlahlandlela weziNhlelo zokuFunda)

umqondofana – igama elinomqondo ofanayo nelinye

umugqa womlando – kusitshela ngokulandelana kwezigameko nesikhathi ezenzeke ngaso

uphawu – igama elithatha noma limela indawo yenye into (Isib. Inkondlo ingakhuluma ngesihlahla, ichazeukuthi sikhula kanjani nokuthi ekugcineni siyagawulwa. Isihlahla singamela umuntu okhulayo ophethangokufa, imibala yefulegi laseNingizimu Afrika)

upholavuthondaba – ibohlololo, ukwehla komfutho wendaba (Isib. Wasebenza kanzima, waceba, wawa)

usikompilo – indlela isizwe esiphila ngayo

uteku – sithola izimo nezinto ezethulwa ngendlela ehlekisayo noma ekitazayo

uvuthondaba – izinga lapho indaba ingasakwazi ukuqhubeka nokuphakama, isuke isifike esiqongwenisesilindele ukuthi inkinga isombuluke

uzwelomagama – amagama ashesha ukuthinta umoya ngenxa yosizi noma injabulo


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