Ingrid Hoeger Youssef Habibi Orlando J. Rojas · (Venditti/Rojas) Ning Wu (Hubbe / Rojas Hongyi Liu...
Transcript of Ingrid Hoeger Youssef Habibi Orlando J. Rojas · (Venditti/Rojas) Ning Wu (Hubbe / Rojas Hongyi Liu...
Langmuir‐Schaeffer thin films of cellulose nanocrystals and their interfacial behaviors
Ingrid HoegerYoussef HabibiOrlando J. Rojas
www4.ncsu.edu/~ojrojasForest Biomaterials
2009 Intl. Conference Nanotechnology Forest Products Industry
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada – June 23‐26, 2009
North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh,
North Carolina, USA
TKK
Outline
Background: Cellulose
‐Paper ‐Textiles‐Composites and Materials‐Derivatives ‐Bioprocess and Bioenergy
‐Chemicals
‐Solvents
‐Polymers
‐Enzymes
3‐D: Bulk Phenomena
Cellulose fibers
2‐D: Surface Phenomena
Cellulose thin films
Interactions/Reactions
Method Starting Material Reference
Cast films Regenerated Cellulose Hishikawa et al. Polymer, 99
Langmuir‐Blodgett
Trimethylsilylcellulose (TMSC)
Schaub et al. JCIS 97, Holmberg et al.; Advanced Materials , 93
Cellulose NanocrystalsHabibi et al., Colloid &Interface
Sci, 07
Spin‐coated films
Regenerated CelluloseNeuman et al. NPPRJ, 93
Wågberg et al. Cellulose, 02
Cellulose Nanocrystals Edgar &Gray, Cellulose, 03
Langmuir‐SchaefferTrimethylsilylcellulose
(TMSC)Tammelin et al., Cellulose, 06
Background: Cellulose Model Films
Crystallinity and morphology significantly affected
1x1 μm
Nanofibrillar
2μm scan2μm scan
Spin coating
SAM
1x1 μm
LB & LS
Thin Films of Cellulose
Gold Surface
S S SS S S SS S S SSS S SS
ElectrospinningNanocrystals
Background: Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals
Background: Cellulose Nanocrystals
Sisal
Materials: Cellulose NanocrystalsRamie SisalCotton
CrI Lmin Lmax lmin lmax Aspect Ratio
88 50 200 10 20 16
CrI Lmin Lmax lmin lmax Aspect Ratio
88 100 250 5 10 25
CrI Lmin Lmax lmin lmax Aspect
Ratio
81 70 200 3 6 14
Langmuir Isotherm (surfactant)Su
rfac
e Pr
essu
re Π
, mN
/m
A0, nm2/molecule
S
L2I
L1
L1‐G
G
Sub‐phase (water)
Movable barrier
Adsorbed surfactants
Langmuir Isotherm (surfactant=DODA)Cationic Surfactant= Dimethyldioctadecylammonium bromide (DODA‐Br)
= Surface packing
Compression
Liquid-Expanded
Liquid-Expanded+Liquid-Condensed
Liquid-Condensed
SolidSurface Pressure (m
N/m
)
N +
H 3 C C H 3
N +
H 3 C C H 3
Langmuir‐Schaeffer TechniqueLangmuir Isotherm (DODA + CNX)
Langmuir Isotherm (DODA + CNX)
R= ratio CNXS:DODA
R= ratio CNXS:DODA
Langmuir Isotherm (DODA + CNX)
R= ratio CNXS:DODA
Langmuir Isotherm (DODA + CNX)
R= ratio CNXS:DODA
Langmuir Isotherm (DODA + CNX)
R= ratio CNXS:DODA
Langmuir Isotherm (DODA + CNX)
R= ratio CNXS:DODA
Langmuir Isotherm (DODA + CNX) – CNX type
Langmuir‐Schaeffer TechniqueLangmuir‐Schaeffer Technique
Film transfer to solid support
Gold
SAM of a hydrophobic thiol
Cellulose Nanocrystals
DODA
thiol Gold
Cellulose Nanocrystals
DODA
Characterization of LS filmsCharacterization of LS films
Sensor
~Adsorption
Time →
Det
ecte
d si
gnal
Adsorption occurs
Anderson Materials Evaluation, Inc
AFM (adhesion layer)
Gold sensor before and after hydrophobization and DODA deposition
Gold Thiol DODA
XPS (adhesion layer)
GOLD
GOLD+THIOL
GOLD+THIOL+DODA
Au 4f
Au 4f
C 1s
C 1s
Au 4f
C 1s
LS films (cotton CNXs) at different π’s (R=500)
π = Surface pressure, mN/m
π = 30π= 15
π = 45 π = 60
LS films (cotton CNXs) at different R’s (60 mN/m)
R = CNs /DODAR= 250R= 125
R= 375 R= 500
CottonRamie Sisal
AFM (all LS films)
LS Film Thickness
LS films AFM Thickness (nm) Ellipsometric Thickness (nm)
Ramie 9.8 ± 1 10.8 ± 1
Cotton 9.5 ± 1 10.7± 1
Sisal 6.3 ± 1 6.3 ± 1
XPS (LS Films)
C 1s
O 1s
Sisal
C 1s
O 1s
Ramie
C 1s
O 1s
Cotton
C 1s
O 1s
Au 4f
DODA
C 1s
O 1s
Sisal
C 1s
O 1s
Ramie
C 1s
O 1s
Cotton
O/C
DODA 0.09
Ramie CNXs 0.47
Cotton CNXs 0.46
Sisal CNXs 0.51
Carbon 1s XPS Deconvolution
Sisal
C-C
C-O
O-C-O
C-C
C-O
O-C-O
C-C
C-O
O-C-O
Ramie
Cotton
C-C
DODA
(C1: C–C (C–Hx), 285.0 eV; C2: C–O, 286.5 eV; C3: O–C–O, 288.0 eV)
Binding energy (eV) Binding energy (eV)
Binding energy (eV) Binding energy (eV)
C 1s XPS Deconvolution
C-C
C-O
O-C-O
LS film StabilityLS film Stability
Stability of CNXs LS films (cotton CNXs)
Before alkaline treatment After alkaline treatment
?
Quartz Crystal Microgravimetry
~Adsorption/desorption
Time →
Freq
uency
Adsorption occurs
LS Film NaOH Stability (sisal CNXs)
0.05 M
0.01 M NaOH
0.1 M
NaOH
Water
Fully equilibrated film
AFM Characterization (sisalCNXs)
After alkaline treatment (0.01 M NaOH)
After alkaline treatment (0.1 M NaOH)
Enzymatic degradation of LS filmsEnzymatic degradation of LS films
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
20 40 60
Time (min)
Freq
uency (f3/3)
‐20
Enzymatic Treatment of Amorphous films
Quartz crystalQuartz crystal
Quartz crystalQuartz crystalCellulose film
Cellulose film
Cellulose filmCellulose film
Cellulose filmCellulose film
Quartz crystalQuartz crystal
2μm scan2μm scan
1. Alkali treatment to remove sulfate groups (25°C)2. Temperature adjustment (from 25°C to 40°C)3. Injection of buffer pH 54. Incubation with cellulase (Trichoderma reesei )
Enzymatic Treatment of CNXs films
25 hours
Amorphous film hydrolysis
Sisal
Cotton
Ramie
cellulases
Enzymatic degradation of ramie CNX filmsBefore incubation After incubation
Thin films of cellulose nanocrystals were developed by the Langmuir‐Schaeffer technique. The films were
stable and robust.
Enzymatic hydrolysis (cellulases) of CNXs LS films was
significantly slower compared to amorphous films (crystallinity).
This project is supported by the National Research Initiative grant 2007‐35504‐18290 from the USDA Cooperative State Research, Education and Extension Service
The Generation and Stability of Organic Films on Surfaces
Nonwovens Cooperative Res. Center
Molecular assembly and detergency National Textile Center
Electrokinetic Behavior of Polyelectrolytes Micro/NanoporesACS ‐ Petroleum Research Fund
‐8
‐7
‐6
‐5
‐4
‐3
‐2
‐1
0
1
2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Time / min
‐8
‐7
‐6
‐5
‐4
‐3
‐2
‐1
0
1
2
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Time / min
Massx10
3 / gm‐ 2
Himmel et al., 2000
‐8
‐7
‐6
‐5
‐4
‐3
‐2
‐1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Time / min
‐8
‐7
‐6
‐5
‐4
‐3
‐2
‐1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Time / min
Massx10
3 / gm‐ 2
‐8
‐7
‐6
‐5
‐4
‐3
‐2
‐1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Time / min
‐8
‐7
‐6
‐5
‐4
‐3
‐2
‐1
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80Time / min
Massx10
3 / gm‐ 2
Enzymatic Activity via Piezoelectric SensorsNC Biotech Center, Novozymes
Surface modification(ATRP, TEMPO)
NNF (USDA)
Polyampholytes
Gang Hu (Heitmann/Rojas)
Hao Chen(Hubbe/Heitmann)
Justin Zoppe(Rojas/Venditti)
Xiaomeng LiuRojas/Genzer (COE)
Mir Quddus(Pasquinelli (COT)/Rojas)
Kelley Spence(Venditti/Rojas)
Ning Wu(Hubbe / Rojas
Hongyi Liu(Krause (COT)/Rojas)
Fei Shen (Carbonell)
X. Cedric(Rojas)
Ingrid Hoeger(Rojas/Kelley)
Colloids and Interfaces Groupwww4.ncsu.edu/~ojrojas
Wood impregnation with complex fluids
Dept. of Transportation
Cellulose nanocrystals and MFC
Hofmann Fellowship and NNF (USDA)
10‐ 1
10‐ 2
10‐ 3
10‐ 4
0 0.4 0.8
INTERF
ACIAL TENSION (m
N/m
)
1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 0.8
10‐ 1
10‐ 2
10‐ 3
10‐ 4
0 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.6 2.0 2.4 2.8 3.2 0.8
Formulation Variable
gmogmw
Water surface tension
Stimuli‐responsive Surfaces and Pathogen Detection National Center for Food Protection and Defense
25 °C
Dis
sipa
tion
(x10
6 )PN
IPAM
bru
shes
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
2.2
2.4
0 100 200 300 400Time, s
100mM NaCl
20mM NaCl
Dr. Niangui Wang
Electroactive cellulose and surfactant synthesis
USDA
Maria Peresin(Rojas/Pawlak)
Lignocellulosics as Precursors of Biopolymer StructuresUSDA‐NRI
Takashi Yam
aguchi, N
ippo
n Pape
r, Ja
pan
Deusanilde J. Silva, ChE,‐USP, Sao PauloRosana Rojas‐Reyna, Leibniz‐Institut für Polym
erforschung, Dresden
Luis Gerardo Castillo, Universidad de Guadalajara and SCA, Mexico
Prof. Fredy Ysambert, Univ. ZuliaProf. A
na Forgiarini, Universidad de Los A
ndes Dr. G
erardo Montero, Textiles, N
CSUDr. Jooyoun Kim, Samsung. Korea
Dr. You
ng‐Jun
Lee, H
ansol, Ko
rea
Dr. Jo
se M
. Carbajo, U
niv. Com
pluten
se &INIA, M
adrid
Catalina AlvarezUPB Colombia
(Rojas)
Changwoo Jeong, Samsung, KoreaJunlong Song, Cornell
Retention & Drainage
Dr. Youssef Habibi
Enzyme activity Lignin and composites ‐electrospinning
Friction and MDS
Adsorption & Electrokinetics
Surface phenomena
Surface Functionalization
Impregnation
Nano‐ structures
Thank you!