Editors Prof. Dr. Che Aziz Ali Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea Leman ......Mohamed & Othman Kangsar. Title:...

Borderless Geoheritage - Enriching Regional Geotourism I

EditorsProf. Dr. Che Aziz Ali

Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea LemanProf. Madya Dr. Kamal Roslan Mohamed

Design and GraphicMohd Fuad Tepit

Muzaffar Yusry

Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

2015

Regional Geoheritage Conference 2015II

First Printing, 2015CopyrightInstitute for Environment and Development (LESTARI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)www.ukm.my/lestari

All right reserved. No part of this publishing may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy without permission in writing from the publisher.

Published in Malaysia byInstitute for Environment and Development (LESTARI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Perpustakaan Negara Malaysia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

Borderless Geoheritage - Enriching Regional Geotourism III

Introduction

Organising Committee

Tentative Program

KEYNOTE SESSIONS

K01: Mohd Nizam Mohd NasirTitle: Langkawi Global Geopark Towards Sustainable Geo-Tourism Destination

K02: Prof. Emeritus Dato’ Dr Ibrahim KomooTitle: Developing Geoheritage Sites and Geotrails for The Management of Geopark.

K03: Dr. Young NgTitle: Geotourism: The Missing Link in Nature-Based Tourism.

ORAL SESSIONS

A01: Kamarulzaman Abdul Ghani, Mohd Shafeea Leman & Ibrahim Komoo.Title: FLAG - A Community Initiative in Popularizing The Geopark Concept in Langkawi Geopark.

A02: Helmy Murwanto, Sutarto, Susepty Triwidyana & Bambang Pratistho.Title: Geologi dan Manifestasi Panas Bumi di Dataran Tinggi Dieng Jawa Tengah, Indonesia.

A03: Montri Luengingkasut & Chanchana Khamcha. Title: Satun Aspiring Geopark

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Regional Geoheritage Conference 2015IV

A04: Hamzah Mohamed, Mokhtar Saidin, Annur Hajar Ahmad & Mohamad Azlizal Razali.Title: Restoration Works of Ancient Forts and Buildings – The Role of Geoscientists.

A05: Hafzan Eva Mansor, DonyAdriansyah Nazaruddin, Siti Syaza Aiman Seh Wali, Elvaene James, Arham Muchtar, Achmad Bahar & Muhammad Muqtada Ali Khan.Title: Mud Volcanoes in Labuan Island and Pulau Tiga Island (Sabah), Malaysia: From perspective of Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Geoheritage.

A06: Junaidi Asis, Hardianshah Saleh, Zulherry Isnain, Baba Musta, Sanudin Tahir & Hazerina Pungut.Title: Geotourism Potential at Silam Coast Conservation Area (SCCA).

A07: Sugeng Raharjo & Mahap Maha. Title: Cepu Geoheritage: A Petroleum System.

A08: Hamlee Ismail & Razaidi Shah A. Kadir:Title: Most Threatened Geosites in Terengganu: Pantai Pandak and Bukit Buchu.

A09: Mohd Yusop Ramli & Paulus Godwin.Title: Geosites Potential for Kunak District, Semporna Peninsular, Sabah.

A10: Solomon Kassa, Fathiyah Jamaludin & Askury BA Kadir.Title: Conserving the Kinta Valley Karst system: A Natural Laboratory for Academics and Research.

A11: Nur Susila Md. Saaid, Muhammad Mustaza Mazni, Fathullah Abu Naim & Zainol Husin.Title: Geowarisan & Geotapak Harapan Tanah Besar Kedah.

A12: Nandra Eko N, ET Paripurno & Sari Bahagiarti K.Title: Characterization and Potential Risk of Damage Karst Ecosystems Watuputih Groundwater Basin Regional Tegaldowo and Timbrangan, Gunem Sub-District, District of Rembang, Central Java Province.

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Borderless Geoheritage - Enriching Regional Geotourism V

A13: Richard Mani Banda, Ajon Winnie, Dana Badang, Thomson Galin & Degor Johia.Title: Some Cultura; Related Geoheritage Sites in Bario, Kelabit Highland, Miri, Sarawak.

A14: Mohd Hariri Arifin, Mohd Nawawi Mohd Nordin, Hassan Bioumy, JohnS. Kayode, Amin E.Khalil & Karl Wagner.Title: Ayer Hangat Hot Springs: Geological, Geochemical and Geophysical Update for This Survival in Geotourism Industry.

A15: Rasydan Muhammad & Mohd Mokhtar Saidin.Title: Archaeology of Gua Pelangi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan - A Preliminary Report.

A16: Premonowati, M. Wildan Fadhlilah & Mochamad Ardhy Ian Sasmito.Title: An Update Study of Vertebrate from Kaliglagah - Bumiayu - Brebes Region Central Java Province – Indonesia.

A17: Dana Badang, Che Aziz Ali, Ibrahim Komoo & Mohd. Shafeea Leman.Title: Geosites Characterization and Assessment for Conservation and Sustainable Used in Bako National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia.

A18: Khamarrul Azahari Razak, Mohd Zaki Ibrahim, Mohamad Abd Manap, Azhari Ahmad, Zamri Ramli, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed, Qalam Azad Rosle, Zakaria Mohamad & Rabieahtul Abu Bakar.Title: Modern Geospatial Technology for Geoheritage and Geobiodiversity Mapping: Status and Challenges.

A19: Sutarto, Arifudin Idrus, Agung Harjoko, Lucas D. Setijadji, & Rama Danny.Title: Situs Geologi Gunung Api Purba Gadjah Mungkir Daerah Wongori, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia.

A20: Rath Jitrattana & T. Tepsuwan.Title: Khon Kaen Aspiring Geopark.

A21: Jatmika Setiawan, Deddy Kristanto, Heru Sigit Purwanto & Sri Suryaningsum.Title: Wide Variations Site was The Potential of Bojonegoro Geoheritage.

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Regional Geoheritage Conference 2015VI

A22: KRT Nur Suhascaryo, Hadi Purnomo & Jatmika Setiawan.Title: Potensi Airpanas Geotermal di Parangtritis, Bantul, Yogyakarta sebagai Pendukung Utama Wisata Geologi.

A23: Kamaludin Hassan, Mohd Sidi Daud, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed, Othman Kangsar & Mohd Shafeea Leman. Title: Kinta Valley Geopark as Geotourism and Ecotourism Destinations in Perak.

A24: C.Danisworo, Achmad Subandrio & Theodora Ngaderman.Title: Perubahan Iklim Purba Berdasarkan Model Sekuen Stratigrafi Daerah Mawesday dan Sekitarnya Kabupaten Sarmi Papua.

A25: Mohd. Fauzi Rajimin@Jeman, Arda Anasha Jamil & Zakaria Hussain. Title: Potensi Pembangunan Lestari Sumber Warisan Geologi Negeri Johor.

A26: Askury Abd Kadir, Tuan Rusli Muhamad, SN Fathiyah Jamaludin & Choong Chee Meng.Title: Geologic Trail to The Summit of Bujang Melaka, Perak: Their Geodiversity and Challenges.

A27: Adi Sulaksono.Title: Karangbolong Geoheritage: Evolution Story of an Ancient Volcano.

A28: Mat Niza Abdul Rahman & Zakaria bin Hussain.Title: Stone Heritages of Malaysia.

A29: Apitida Wasuwatcharapong.Title: Conservation Geology of The Phu Hang-Thong District, Suphan Buri Province, Central Thailand Preliminary Study.

A30: Anizan Isahak, Mohd Basril B & Habibah H.J.Title: Gold Geoheritage and Its Impaction on The Malaysian Environment.

A31: Achmad Rodhi, Ibrahim Abdullah, Sutanto and Tajul Anuar Jamaluddin.Title: Contractional Horsetail Splay Structure at The Tanjung Pandak and Bukit Panji, Terengganu, A Potential Heritage Site.

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Borderless Geoheritage - Enriching Regional Geotourism VII

A32: Mohd Shafeea Leman, Kamaludin Hassan, Mohd Sidi Daud, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed & Othman Kangsar.Title: Kinta Valley as an Inspiring Geopark from Malaysia.

A33: Kamal Roslan Mohamed, Che Aziz Ali, Ibrahim Komoo & Tanot Unjah.Title: Geosites and Geotourism Potential of Pulau Tuba, Langkawi Geopark, Malaysia.

A34: Tariq Mubarak H, Ismail Parlan, Samsudin, M.Noraishah. S & Ismail. H.Title: Tree Biodiversity and Carbon Stock in Oceanic and Estuarine Mangroves and Promotion of Kuku Helang as an Iconic Tree for Langkawi Island, Malaysia.

A35: Azman Abdul Rahman, Shaharuddin Mohamad Ismail, Noor Fazamimah Mohd Ariffin & Abd Manan Samad.Title: Impacts of Urbanization on Geological Landscape Pattern and Changes in Ecosystem Service In Langkawi Geopark.

A36: Herwin Lukito & Andi Sungkowo.Title: Sanddunes Ecosystem Geoheritage Efforts in Sugest and Management of Environmental Protection Recommendation for Conservation and Environmental Management of Sanddunes Ecosystem Geoheritage.

A37: Mohammad Noor Akmal Anuar, Hassan Baioumy, Mohd Nawawi, Yuniarti Ulfa.Title: Characterization and Sedimentodology of Dropstones, West Malaysia.

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Regional Geoheritage Conference 2015VIII

POSTER SESSIONS

P01: Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, Goh Thian Lai, Norbert Simon, Abdul Ghani Rafek, Tuan Rusli Mohamed & Noraini Surip .Title: Rockfall and Sustainable Development: A Case Study at Gua Damai, Selangor, Malaysia.

P02: Alif Afiq Mohammad, Rohaya Langkoke, Budi Rochmanto & Hafzan Eva Mansor.Title: Geology and Foraminiferal Studies of Parepare Volcanic Formation at Parepare City and Suppa, Pinrang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

P03: Che Aziz Ali & Kamal Roslan Mohamed.Title: Gunung Jerai: Potensi Warisan dan Geopark.

P04: Che Aziz Ali, Kamal Roslan Mohamed & Mohd Shafeea Leman.Title: Bukit Keluang: A Potential National Heritage and Geopark.

P05: Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin, Hafzan Eva Mansor, Arham Muchtar, Achmad Bahar, Siti Syaza Aiman Seh Wali, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan & Elveanne James.Title: Systematic Geoheritage Study of Labuan Island, Malaysia.

P06: Habibah Jamil & Marilah Sarman .Title: Bukit Jugra: The Landscape Geoheritage Potential in Selangor.

P07: Kamilia Sharir, Norbert Simon & Rodeano Roslee. Title: Educational Value of Landslide in Kundasang, Sabah.

P08: Khor Wei Chung, Hamlee Ismail, Mohd Shafeea Leman, Kamal Roslan Mohamed, Mat Niza Abdul Rahman, Meor Hakif Hassan & Muhammad Ashahadi Dzulkafli.Title: The Jura-Cretaceous of Malaysia: The Recent Findings at Mount Gagau, Malaysia.

P09: Mohd Rozi Umor, Norbert Simon, Goh Thian Lai & Sharifah Mastura Syed Abdullah.Title: The Study of Geological and Geotechnical Aspects for Kuala Lumpur East Par Near Genting Klang Quartz Ridge Selangor.

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Borderless Geoheritage - Enriching Regional Geotourism IX

P10: Mohd Shafeea Leman, Achmad Rodhi & Lim Choun Sian.Title: Selangor Gombak (Klang Gates) Quartz Dyke as a Potential World Heritage Sites Candidate from Malaysia.

P11: Muhammad Fahmi Abdul Ghani, Norbert Simon, Goh Thian Lai & Abd. Ghani Rafek.Title: A Preliminary Stability Assessment using Lineament Density Technique on Cultural Hotspots in Limestone Hills, Kinta Valley, Malaysia.

P12: Naizatul Akma Mokhtar, Mokhtar Saidin & Jeffrey Abdullah.Title: Cultural Material of Iron at Sungai Batu, Bujang Valley: Potential as a Geoheritage Site.

P13: Nelisa Ameera Mohamed Joeharry.Title: Gua Bama as Prospective Permian - Triassic Boundary Site and Candidate for National Geological Heritage.

P14: Nor Khairunnisa Talib, Jeffrey Abdullah & Mokhtar Saidin.Title: Quaternary Deposition: Contribution to Paleolitic People in Lenggong Valley.

P15: Nur Arifah Rashidi, Elvaene James, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan, Hamzah Hussin & Zaitul Zahira Ghazali.Title: Geology and Petrography of Bukit Susu Dara, Jeli, Kelantan.

P16: Nur Suhaddah Mustaffa, Elvaene James, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan, Hamzah Hussin & Zaitul Zahira Ghazali.Title: The Aesthetical Value and The Distribution of Pressure and Temperature of Metamorphism in Bukit Lawar, Jeli, Kelantan.

P17: Nur Susila Md. Saaid, Siti Nursalwa Pazil, Siti Nooramiza Wahab, Mohd Alif Nasir & Che Aziz Ali.Title: A Potential Geoheritage Site: Shell Bank at Singkir Laut, Yan, Kedah Malaysia.

P18: Premonowati, Dwinoviar Aditya, Ridho Astrianto, Hamdan & Betano Medi Putra.Title: Study of Geo-Economic and Disaster Potential of Yapen Island - Yapen Region, Papua Province - Indonesia.

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Regional Geoheritage Conference 2015X

P19: Priyadarshini Karunanadi, Elvaene James, Hafzan Eva Mansor, Arham Muchtar Achmad Bahar & Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin.Title: The Unique Features and Ecotourism Potential of Gunung Reng, Jeli, Kelantan.

P20: Siti Noramira Suhami, Hafzan Eva Mansor & Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin.Title: Geoheritage Values of Gua Tokong Swee Nyet, Gua Musang, Kelantan: A Preleminary Study for Potential Geosite.

P21: Tanot Unjah.Title: Landscape Assessment and Evaluation for Conservation : Case Study on Mining Site.

Acknowledgement

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Borderless Geoheritage - Enriching Regional Geotourism 1

The Malaysia Geoheritage Conference started as an annual event in 1998 organized by the Malaysian Geological Heritage Group which later became a biennial event when interested geoheritage researchers from Indonesia agreed to co-host the Joint Malaysia-Indonesia Geoheritage Conference in alternate years. The former is a well established platform for gathering researchers, policy makers and implementers, as well as tourism players involved in conservation initiatives and sustainable development of geoheritage resources in Malaysia. This year the Malaysia Geoheritage Conference is commemorating its historic 10th edition of progressively evolved from merely a venue for sharing understanding on geodiversity and geoheritage values to ranking, conserving, protecting and managing of geoheritage resources. Lately this conference has also become a venue for discussing aspects of geotourism and geopark development. In 2004 a new series of conferences, named as the Joint Malaysia-Indonesia Geoheritage Conference was established and this year we are privilege to once again organise this 10th edition of this event back in Malaysia. For this 10th edition we decide to rename the conference as Regional Geoheritage Conference 2015 and would like to open up opportunity in sharing geoheritage resources and geotourism prospects beyond political boundaries in order to share common challenges in geoheritage conservation initiatives and to facilitate regional geotourism and geopark development. This time the host also invite geoheritage enthusiasts from neighbouring Thailand to join the conference as special guests to look for possibility of forming a tripartite conference in the future. This conference is co-organized by the Geological Heritage Group of Malaysia, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional, Langkawi Development Authority, Department of Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia and Department of National Heritage Malaysia.

The objectives of this conference are:• to enhance understanding on commonly adopted geoheritage value.• to share experiences in development of geoheritage resources and geotousrism.• to strengthen networking in geoheritage conservation, geotourism and geopark.

I N T R O D U C T I O N

Regional Geoheritage Conference 20152

Main:Chairman: Prof. Madya Dr. Kamal Roslan MohamedSecretary: Dr. Tanot UnjahAssistant Secretary: Mr. Muzaffar YusryTreasurer: Mr. Nazren Leman

Scientific/Technical: Prof. Dr. Che Aziz Ali (Head)Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea LemanDr. Jatmika SetiawanMr. Mat Niza Abd. RahmanMr. Zainal Abidin Abdul Aziz

Promotion/Media:Haji Zakaria Hussain (Head)Mr. Azhar Musyabri Abdul MutallibDr. Jatmika SetiawanMr. Mohd Fuad TepitMdm. Elviza Marjali

Fieldwork:Dr. Tanot Unjah (Head)Dr. Habibah JamilMr. Mat Niza Abd. RahmanMdm. Selyhazli RazalliDepartment of Mineral Resources (DMR), Thailand

Logistic:Geopark Division, LADA (Head)Ms. Ku Adriani Ku AyobMs. Asbiyatulaida DerahmanMr. Muhammad Nikman AhmadanJabatan Mineral & Geosains (JMG), Kedah

O R G A N I S I N G C O M M I T T E E


Protocol:Langkawi Development Authority (LADA) (Head)Pusat Penyelidikan Langkawi (PPL)Dr. Mohd Rozi UmorMr. Muhammad Mustadza Mazni

Sponsorship/Gift:Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea Leman (Head)Hj. Zakaria Mohd NaniLangkawi Development Authority (LADA)Jabatan Warisan Negara

Student Management:Dr. Norbert Simon (Head)Mr. Muhammad Ashahadi Dzulkafli

O R G A N I S I N G C O M M I T T E E


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T E N T A T I V E P R O G R A M

2nd November 2015 (Monday)

08:00 – 09:00

09:00 – 09:30

09:30 – 09:50

09:50 – 10:10

10:10 – 10:30

10:30 – 11:00

Registration

Oral Session 1 : AuditoriumChairman: Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea Leman

Keynote Speaker 1: Mohd Nizam Mohd NasirTitle: Langkawi Global Geopark Towards Sustainable Geo-Tourism Destination

A01: Kamarulzaman Abdul Ghani, Mohd Shafeea Leman & Ibrahim Komoo.Title: FLAG - A Community Initiative in Popularizing The Geopark Concept in Langkawi Geopark.

A02: Helmy Murwanto, Sutarto, Susepty Triwidyana & Bambang Pratistho.Title: Geologi dan Manifestasi Panas Bumi di Dataran Tinggi Dieng Jawa Tengah, Indonesia.

A03: Montri Luengingkasut & Chanchana Khamcha. Title: Satun Aspiring Geopark

Tea Break

2nd November 2015 (Monday)Registration I Technical Sessions I Opening Dinner

3rd November 2015 (Tuesday)Mid Conference Field Trip - Langkawi

4th November 2015 (Wednesday)Technical Sessions I Closing Ceremony I Closing Dinner

5th November 2015 (Thursday)Post Conference Field Trip - Thailand


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10:30 – 11:00 Poster Session 1Chairman: Askury Abd Kadir

P01: Ailie Sofyiana Serasa, Goh Thian Lai, Norbert Simon, Abdul Ghani Rafek, Tuan Rusli Mohamed & Noraini Surip .Title: Rockfall and Sustainable Development: A Case Study at Gua Damai, Selangor, Malaysia.

P02: Alif Afiq Mohammad, Rohaya Langkoke, Budi Rochmanto & Hafzan Eva Mansor.Title: Geology and Foraminiferal Studies of Parepare Volcanic Formation at Parepare City and Suppa, Pinrang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.

P03: Che Aziz Ali & Kamal Roslan Mohamed.Title: Gunung Jerai: Potensi Warisan dan Geopark.

P04: Che Aziz Ali, Kamal Roslan Mohamed & Mohd Shafeea Leman.Title: Bukit Keluang: A Potential National Heritage and Geopark.

P05: Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin, Hafzan Eva Mansor, Arham Muchtar, Achmad Bahar, Siti Syaza Aiman Seh Wali, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan & Elveanne James.Title: Systematic Geoheritage Study of Labuan Island, Malaysia.

P06: Habibah Jamil & Marilah Sarman .Title: Bukit Jugra: The Landscape Geoheritage Potential in Selangor.

P07: Kamilia Sharir, Norbert Simon & Rodeano Roslee. Title: Educational Value of Landslide in Kundasang, Sabah.



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11:00 – 11.20

11:20 – 11:40

11:40 – 12:00

12:00 – 12:20

12:20 – 12:40

12:40 – 13:00

13.00 – 14:30

Oral Session 2A: Auditorium Chairman: Haji Zakaria Hussain

A04: Hamzah Mohamed, Mokhtar Saidin, Annur Hajar Ahmad & Mohamad Azlizal Razali.Title: Restoration Works of Ancient Forts and Buildings – The Role of Geoscientists.

A06: Junaidi Asis, Hardianshah Saleh, Zulherry Isnain, Baba Musta, Sanudin Tahir & Hazerina Pungut.Title: Geotourism Potential at Silam Coast Conservation Area (SCCA).

A08: Hamlee Ismail & Razaidi Shah A. Kadir:Title: Most Threatened Geosites in Terengganu: Pantai Pandak and Bukit Buchu.

A10: Solomon Kassa, Fathiyah Jamaludin & Askury BA Kadir.Title: Conserving the Kinta Valley Karst system: A Natural Laboratory for Academics and Research.

A12: Nandra Eko N, ET Paripurno & Sari Bahagiarti K.Title: Characterization and Potential Risk of Damage Karst Ecosystems Watuputih Groundwater Basin Regional Tegaldowo and Timbrangan, Gunem Sub-District, District of Rembang, Central Java Province.

A14: Mohd Hariri Arifin, Mohd Nawawi Mohd Nordin, Hassan Bioumy, JohnS. Kayode, Amin E.Khalil & Karl Wagner.Title: Ayer Hangat Hot Springs: Geological, Geochemical and Geophysical Update for This Survival in Geotourism Industry.

Lunch Break



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11:00 – 11.20

11:20 – 11:40

11:40 – 12:00

12:00 – 12:20

12:20 – 12:40

12:40 – 13:00

13.00 – 14:30

Oral Session 2B: Dewan BesarChairman: Prof Dr Che Aziz Ali

A05: Hafzan Eva Mansor, DonyAdriansyah Nazaruddin, Siti Syaza Aiman Seh Wali, Elvaene James, Arham Muchtar, Achmad Bahar & Muhammad Muqtada Ali Khan.Title: Mud Volcanoes in Labuan Island and Pulau Tiga Island (Sabah), Malaysia: From perspective of Mineralogy, Geochemistry and Geoheritage.

A07: Sugeng Raharjo & Mahap Maha. Title: Cepu Geoheritage: A Petroleum System.

A09: Mohd Yusop Ramli & Paulus Godwin.Title: Geosites Potential for Kunak District, Semporna Peninsular, Sabah.

A11: Nur Susila Md. Saaid, Muhammad Mustaza Mazni, Fathullah Abu Naim & Zainol Husin.Title: Geowarisan & Geotapak Harapan Tanah Besar Kedah.

A13: Richard Mani Banda, Ajon Winnie, Dana Badang, Thomson Galin & Degor Johia.Title: Some Cultura; Related Geoheritage Sites in Bario, Kelabit Highland, Miri, Sarawak.

A15: Rasydan Muhammad & Mohd Mokhtar Saidin.Title: Archaeology of Gua Pelangi, Jelebu, Negeri Sembilan - A Preliminary Report.

Lunch Break



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14:30 – 15:00

15:00 – 15:20

15:20 – 15:40

15:40 – 16:00

16:00 – 16:20

16:20 – 16:50

16:50 – 17:10

17:10 – 17:40

Oral Session 3: Auditorium Chairman: Dato’ (Dr.) Kamarulzaman Abdul Ghani

Keynote Speaker 2: Prof. Emeritus Dato’ Dr Ibrahim KomooTitle: Developing Geoheritage Sites and Geotrails for The Management of Geopark.

A16: Premonowati, M. Wildan Fadhlilah & Mochamad Ardhy Ian Sasmito.Title: An Update Study of Vertebrate from Kaliglagah - Bumiayu - Brebes Region Central Java Province – Indonesia.

A17: Dana Badang, Che Aziz Ali, Ibrahim Komoo & Mohd. Shafeea Leman.Title: Geosites Characterization and Assessment for Conservation and Sustainable Used in Bako National Park, Sarawak, Malaysia.

A18: Khamarrul Azahari Razak, Mohd Zaki Ibrahim, Mohamad Abd Manap, Azhari Ahmad, Zamri Ramli, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed, Qalam Azad Rosle, Zakaria Mohamad & Rabieahtul Abu Bakar.Title: Modern Geospatial Technology for Geoheritage and Geobiodiversity Mapping: Status and Challenges.

A19: Sutarto, Arifudin Idrus, Agung Harjoko, Lucas D. Setijadji, & Rama Danny.Title: Situs Geologi Gunung Api Purba Gadjah Mungkir Daerah Wongori, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia.

A20: Rath Jitrattana & T. Tepsuwan.Title: Khon Kaen Aspiring Geopark.

A21: Jatmika Setiawan, Deddy Kristanto, Heru Sigit Purwanto & Sri Suryaningsum.Title: Wide Variations Site was The Potential of Bojonegoro Geoheritage.

Tea Break



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17:10 – 17:40 Poster Session 2Chairman: Hafzan Eva Mansor

P08: Khor Wei Chung, Hamlee Ismail, Mohd Shafeea Leman, Kamal Roslan Mohamed, Mat Niza Abdul Rahman, Meor Hakif Hassan & Muhammad Ashahadi Dzulkafli.Title: The Jura-Cretaceous of Malaysia: The Recent Findings at Mount Gagau, Malaysia.

P09: Mohd Rozi Umor, Norbert Simon, Goh Thian Lai & Sharifah Mastura Syed Abdullah.Title: The Study of Geological and Geotechnical Aspects for Kuala Lumpur East Par Near Genting Klang Quartz Ridge Selangor.

P10: Mohd Shafeea Leman, Achmad Rodhi & Lim Choun Sian.Title: Selangor Gombak (Klang Gates) Quartz Dyke as a Potential World Heritage Sites Candidate from Malaysia.

P11: Muhammad Fahmi Abdul Ghani, Norbert Simon, Goh Thian Lai & Abd. Ghani Rafek.Title: A Preliminary Stability Assessment using Lineament Density Technique on Cultural Hotspots in Limestone Hills, Kinta Valley, Malaysia.

P12: Naizatul Akma Mokhtar, Mokhtar Saidin & Jeffrey Abdullah.Title: Cultural Material of Iron at Sungai Batu, Bujang Valley: Potential as a Geoheritage Site.

P13: Nelisa Ameera Mohamed Joeharry.Title: Gua Bama as Prospective Permian - Triassic Boundary Site and Candidate for National Geological Heritage.

P14: Nor Khairunnisa Talib, Jeffrey Abdullah & Mokhtar Saidin.Title: Quaternary Deposition: Contribution to Paleolitic People in Lenggong Valley.



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4th November 2015 (Wednesday)

09:00 – 09:30

09:30 – 09:50

09:50 – 10:10

10:10 – 10:30

10:30 – 11:00

Oral Session 4: Auditorium Chairman: Prof. Emeritus Dato’ Dr. Ibrahim Komoo

Keynote Speaker 3: Dr. Young NgTitle: Geotourism: The Missing Link in Nature-Based Tourism.

A22: KRT Nur Suhascaryo, Hadi Purnomo & Jatmika Setiawan.Title: Potensi Airpanas Geotermal di Parangtritis, Bantul, Yogyakarta sebagai Pendukung Utama Wisata Geologi.

A23: Kamaludin Hassan, Mohd Sidi Daud, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed, Othman Kangsar & Mohd Shafeea Leman. Title: Kinta Valley Geopark as Geotourism and Ecotourism Destinations in Perak.

A24: C.Danisworo, Achmad Subandrio & Theodora Ngaderman.Title: Perubahan Iklim Purba Berdasarkan Model Sekuen Stratigrafi Daerah Mawesday dan Sekitarnya Kabupaten Sarmi Papua.

Tea Break



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10:30 – 11:00 Poster Session 3Chairman: Dana Badang

P15: Nur Arifah Rashidi, Elvaene James, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan, Hamzah Hussin & Zaitul Zahira Ghazali.Title: Geology and Petrography of Bukit Susu Dara, Jeli, Kelantan.

P16: Nur Suhaddah Mustaffa, Elvaene James, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan, Hamzah Hussin & Zaitul Zahira Ghazali.Title: The Aesthetical Value and The Distribution of Pressure and Temperature of Metamorphism in Bukit Lawar, Jeli, Kelantan.

P17: Nur Susila Md. Saaid, Siti Nursalwa Pazil, Siti Nooramiza Wahab, Mohd Alif Nasir & Che Aziz Ali.Title: A Potential Geoheritage Site: Shell Bank at Singkir Laut, Yan, Kedah Malaysia.

P18: Premonowati, Dwinoviar Aditya, Ridho Astrianto, Hamdan & Betano Medi Putra.Title: Study of Geo-Economic and Disaster Potential of Yapen Island - Yapen Region, Papua Province - Indonesia.

P19: Priyadarshini Karunanadi, Elvaene James, Hafzan Eva Mansor, Arham Muchtar Achmad Bahar & Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin.Title: The Unique Features and Ecotourism Potential of Gunung Reng, Jeli, Kelantan.

P20: Siti Noramira Suhami, Hafzan Eva Mansor & Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin.Title: Geoheritage Values of Gua Tokong Swee Nyet, Gua Musang, Kelantan: A Preleminary Study for Potential Geosite.

P21: Tanot Unjah.Title: Landscape Assessment and Evaluation for Conservation : Case Study on Mining Site.




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11:00 – 11.20

11:20 – 11:40

11:40 – 12:00

12:00 – 12:20

12:20 – 12:40

12:40 – 13:00

13.00 – 14:30

Oral Session 5: Auditorium Chairman: Montri Luengingkasoot

A25: Mohd. Fauzi Rajimin@Jeman, Arda Anasha Jamil & Zakaria Hussain. Title: Potensi Pembangunan Lestari Sumber Warisan Geologi Negeri Johor.

A26: Askury Abd Kadir, Tuan Rusli Muhamad, SN Fathiyah Jamaludin & Choong Chee Meng.Title: Geologic Trail to The Summit of Bujang Melaka, Perak: Their Geodiversity and Challenges.

A27: Adi Sulaksono.Title: Karangbolong Geoheritage: Evolution Story of an Ancient Volcano.

A28: Mat Niza Abdul Rahman & Zakaria bin Hussain.Title: Stone Heritages of Malaysia.

A29: Apitida Wasuwatcharapong.Title: Conservation Geology of The Phu Hang-Thong District, Suphan Buri Province, Central Thailand Preliminary Study.

A30: Anizan Isahak, Mohd Basril B & Habibah H.J.Title: Gold Geoheritage and Its Impaction on The Malaysian Environment.

Lunch Break



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14:30 – 14:50

14:50 – 15:10

15:10 – 15:30

15:30 – 15:50

15:50 – 16:10

Oral Session 6: Auditorium Chairman: Jatmika Setiawan

A31: Achmad Rodhi, Ibrahim Abdullah, Sutanto & Tajul Anuar Jamaluddin.Title: Contractional Horsetail Splay Structure at The Tanjung Pandak and Bukit Panji, Terengganu, A Potential Heritage Site.

A32: Mohd Shafeea Leman, Kamaludin Hassan, Mohd Sidi Daud, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed & Othman Kangsar.Title: Kinta Valley as an Inspiring Geopark from Malaysia.

A33: Kamal Roslan Mohamed, Che Aziz Ali, Ibrahim Komoo & Tanot Unjah.Title: Geosites and Geotourism Potential of Pulau Tuba, Langkawi Geopark, Malaysia.

A34: Tariq Mubarak H, Ismail Parlan, Samsudin, M.Noraishah. S & Ismail. H.Title: Tree Biodiversity and Carbon Stock in Oceanic and Estuarine Mangroves and Promotion of Kuku Helang as an Iconic Tree for Langkawi Island, Malaysia.

A35: Azman Abdul Rahman, Shaharuddin Mohamad Ismail, Noor Fazamimah Mohd Ariffin & Abd Manan Samad.Title: Impacts of Urbanization on Geological Landscape Pattern and Changes in Ecosystem Service In Langkawi Geopark.



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16:10 – 16:30

16:30– 16:50

17:10

A36: Herwin Lukito & Andi Sungkowo.Title: Sanddunes Ecosystem Geoheritage Efforts in Sugest and Management of Environmental Protection Recommendation for Conservation and Environmental Management of Sanddunes Ecosystem Geoheritage.

A37: Mohammad Noor Akmal Anuar, Hassan Baioumy, Mohd Nawawi, Yuniarti Ulfa.Title: Characterization and Sedimentodology of Dropstones, West Malaysia.

Closing Ceremony



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KEYNOTE SESSION: K01

LANGKAWI GLOBAL GEOPARK TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE GEO-TOURISM DESTINATION

Mohd Nizam Mohd NasirLembaga Pembangunan Langkawi ,

Kompleks LADA, Peti Surat 60, Jalan Persiaran Putra,07000 Langkawi Kedah

[email protected]

Langkawi is an archipelago of 99 islands with total area of 478 km2 located in the northwestern corner of Peninsular Malaysia. Langkawi is dubbed as the birth place of Malaysia with widespread of Cambrian rocks (~550m.a). However, anthropologically, civilisation only began in the 17th century A.D. when traders first stopped by and made Langkawi their transit homes. Beginning as remote islands, Langkawi grew with various kinds of myths and legends. After Langkawi was transformed into a Duty Free Island in 1987, it gradually became one of the premier island tourism destinations in Malaysia. Tourisms events were organized using Langkawi majestic name to attract more tourist to Langkawi. Among the iconic events are Langkawi International Aerospace and Maritime Exhibition or popularly known as LIMA, Le Tour de Langkawi and Langkawi Regatta had seasonally attracted large crowds to Langkawi, in addition to holiday shoppers. Most of the event organized in Langkawi was using the advantage Langkawi has on its landscape and geological features. This scene changed again when Langkawi was awarded by UNESCO with Global Geopark status in 2007. Langkawi Geopark development concept was introduced focusing on sustainable nature tourism encompassing flora, fauna, geology and landscape. Geotourism was introduced in order to promote various geosites, geoheritage trails, geoforest parks, and geopark products in Langkawi. Langkawi Tourism Blueprint was launched to provide a better tourism environment for Langkawi Global Geopark. Focus is given towards enhancement of tourism services and infrastructures. This includes upgrading present infrastructures, building the new Geopark Discovery Centre, encouraging multi-disciplinary research, and creating more attractive and innovative programs for capacity building.


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DEVELOPING GEOHERITAGE SITES AND GEOTRAILS FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF GEOPARK

Ibrahim KomooVice President GGN and Coordinator APGN

c/o Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI)Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

[email protected]

Geopark is a geographical area where geoheritage sites are parts of a holistic concept of protection, education and sustainable development. Development of geoheritage sites within geopark includes identification and mapping of the geosites, accessing the value, and developing infrastructure for conservation, public education and tourism. There are many issues related to mapping and accessing geosites, these include identifying the area, assigning value and ranking, and strategizing the purpose for development. Not all geosites are for protection or conservation, many of them are suitable for public education, recreation and sites for tourism. One of the main ideas in developing geopark is to develop new and innovative tourism movement or products which is called geotourism. Each geopark should identify the 'geological story' which can provide the link between nature and cultural heritage and the human history or civilization. The link can be best created through the development of geotrail which is based on the utilization of single or multiple geosites. This presentation will highlight the strategic approach in developing geoheritage sites and geotrail for conservation and geotourism activities within geopark.

Key words: geoheritage site, geotrail, geotourism and geopark.


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GEOTOURISM: THE MISSING LINK IN NATURE-BASED TOURISM

Dr Young NgAssociation for Geoconservation, Hong Kong

Our Planet Earth is composed of biological, non-biological and cultural environments. These three major components may appear in different areas to create unique tourist destinations. For tourism activities involving natural attractions, they may appear in forms of ecotourism, adventure tourism, extractive tourism, wildlife tourism and nature retreats. They all foster environmental understanding, appreciation and conservation. Regrettably, not many activities include, or very often forget to introduce, the important stories of the geology and natural landscapes of the tourist destinations. They are the natural history and foundation of the place where the distinctive local ecology and culture are evolved. Geotourism is tourism which focuses on an area’s geology and landscape as the basis of fostering sustainable tourism development. It involves provision of attractive, easy understanding interpretive and service facilities to arouse interest and enable tourists to acquire knowledge of the natural, non-biological environment of the visiting sites beyond the level of mere aesthetic appreciation. This paper adopts the latest concept of geotourism defined by the Geological Society of Australia and reviews the overall interpretation system of ecotourism and other nature-based tourism activities currently operating in the market. It highlights the lack of geological and landscape interpretation in most of these tourism activities which therefore fails to provide visitors a holistic understanding and full attraction of the tourist destination. The principles of geotourism as well as its link with geoparks, mining parks and geotrails are introduced with the objective of enhancing the essence and value of current nature-based tourism in the Asia Pacific region.


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ORAL SESSION: A01

FLAG – A COMMUNITY INITIATIVE IN POPULARIZING THE GEOPARK CONCEPT IN LANGKAWI GEOPARK

Kamarulzaman Abdul Ghani1, Mohd Shafeea Leman1, 2 and Ibrahim Komoo3

1Friends of Langkawi Geopark, 07000 Langkawi, Kedah, Malaysia 2Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi,

Selangor, Malaysia;3Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

[email protected]

Langkawi Islands received its Global Geopark status in 2007. Despite this huge success, the 2011 revalidation report by the GGN, UNESCO revealed many weaknesses, particularly in its management, promotion and visibility. Awareness and understanding of the Geopark and geotourism potential remained low in various segments of the community. In order to overcome these issues, an NGO, namely the FLAG or Friends of Langkawi Geopark was established in February 2014 by a small group of enthusiastic stakeholders, comprising private individuals and corporate members. Its primary objective is to garner community interest for the Geopark and to convince them that Geopark has the best concepts in achieving the islands’ goal for sustainable development and the best tools for local socioeconomic enhancement through geotourism endeavour. FLAG strives to defend Langkawi Geopark’s global status and aspires to make Langkawi a better Geopark in the future. Under its official slogan and motto, Love Langkawi Geopark – Assist Not Resist, FLAG intensified Geopark awareness programmes for various target groups of Langkawi in their own unique ways. FLAG has proposedseveral measures and projects that can increase the visibility of the Geopark in Langkawi. Today, FLAG is steadily gaining its momentum and it is perceived that this organization can be a powerful medium to mobilize peoples’ interest in popularizing Geoparks and assisting Geopark managers worldwide.


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ORAL SESSION: A02

GEOLOGI DAN MANIFESTASI PANAS BUMI DI DATARAN TINGGI DIENG JAWA TENGAH, INDONESIA

Helmy Murwanto1, Sutarto1,2 ,Susepty Triwidyana1 , and Bambang Pratistho1

1Jurusan Teknik Geologi Fakultas Teknologi Mineral UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta2Jurusan Teknik Geologi Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta

Dataran Tinggi Dieng atau sering dikenal sebagai Dieng Plateau secara administrative termasuk kedalam Kabupaten Banjarnegara dan Kabupaten Wonosobo, berada pada koordinat 037500-0381000 mE dan 9200500-9205500 mN system UTM zona 49, merupakan kompleks gunungapi Kuarter dengan luas sekitar 30 km2, berada pada ketinggian sekitar 2.093 mdpl. Kompleks gunungapi Dieng merupakan kompleks gunungapi Kuarter yang masih memperlihatkan proses hidrotermal yang masih aktif, maka di wilayah ini dapat diamati beberapa kenampakan manifestasi panas bumi, dan batuan-batuan yang sebagian besar telah mengalami ubahan hidrotermal Batuan penyusun wilayah ini yang terdiri dari batuan-batuan klastik-vulkanik dan batuan beku vulkanik, yang dapat dikelompokkan kedalam beberapa satuan batuan, berturut-turut dari yang tertua adalah satuan tuf Prau, satuan andesit Bisma, satuan tuf Pakerkandang-Pangonan, dan satuan andesit Pakuwaja, yang sebagian tertutup oleh endapan alluvial. Batuan-batuan tersebut sebagian besar mengalami ubahan hidrotermal zona alterasi profilitik, zona alterasi argilik, dan zona alterasi advanced argillic. Terdapat berbagai macam manifestasi panas bumi di dataran tinggi Dieng, diantaranya berupa mata-air panas, fumarola, solfatara, mudpool, hot lake, serta batuan ubahan. Mata-air panas terdapat di daerah Pulosari dan Bitingan, hot lake dijumpai di Telaga Warna, sedangkan di Kawah Sikidang dan sebagian Kawah Sileri dapat dijumpai manifestasi fumarola, solfatara, mudpool, serta batuan-batuan teralterasi. Proses hidrotermal yang masih aktif di bagian bawah permukaan, telah dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber energy panas bumi, sedangkan kenampakan manifestasi proses hidrotermal yang masih aktif di permukaan dimanfatkan dan dikembangkan untuk obyek geowisata.

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Abstract

Dieng Plateau is part of Banjarnegara and Wonosobo regency, located at coordinates 037500-0381000mE and 9200500-9205500 mN system UTM zone 49, is a Quaternary volcanic complex with an area of 30 km2, with an altitude of about 2093 masl. Dieng volcano complex is a Quaternary volcanic complex which shows that hydrothermal processes are still active, so in this region can be observed some appearance of geothermal manifestations, and the altered rocks most of which have undergone hydrothermal alteration. The region is composed of volcanic-clatic rocks and volcanic igneous rocks, which can be grouped into several rock units, from the oldest is a Prau tuff rock unit, Bisma andesite rock unit, Pakerkandang-Pangonan tuff rock unit, and Pakuwaja andesite rock unit, which is partially covered by alluvial deposits. Rocks are mostly have altered and are classified into three alteration zone, i.e. prophilitic zone , argillic zone and advanced argillic zones. There are many different kinds of geothermal manifestations at Dieng Plateau, among them are hot springs, fumarolas, solfataras, mudpools, hot lakes, and altered rocks. Hot springs manifestations are found at Bitingan and Pulosari, hot lake found in the Lake Colors, while in the Sikidang crater and Sileri crater can be found many kind of geothermal manifestations, such as fumarola, solfatara, mudpool, and altered rocks. Hydrothermal process is still active at the sub surface, has been used as a source of geothermal energy, while the surface manifestations of hydrothermal processes that are still active on the surface developed for geotourism.

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ORAL SESSION: A03

SATUN ASPIRING GEOPARK

Montri Luengingkasut & Chanchana KhamchaDepartment of Mineral Resources (DMR)

1. Name and boundary of geoparkName “Satun Aspiring Geopark” covers an area of three districts from whole seven districts of Satun province including Thungwa, Manang, and La-ngu as well as a part of Mueang Satun in the portion of Tarutao Islands National Park. This area is situated from the north to the west of Satun Province with total area of 2,597.26 km2 (land area 1,099.47 km2, sea area 1,497.79 km2 ). The area is bounded by Phattalung and Trang provinces and the Andaman Sea.

2. GeodiversityRocks exposed in the mountains or supporting the undulating terrain as well as flat low laying areas of the Satun Aspiring Geopark, are the rocks deposited in the marine environment during 541 – 252 million years ago. The marine fossils are thus found as evidence in the rock strata throughout the area. The area of Satun Aspiring Geopark is thus said to be the “ancient sea”. During the later Era, the rocks had been deformed by forces in both lateral and vertical directions giving rise to jointing, faulting and folding in contemporaneous with long-term weathering and erosion forming the modern landforms. These geological processes have sculptured topographic terrains with diversified fossil records. Geologically, the area can be divided into three zones i.e. 1) Satun Karst Zone in the north of the area covering an area of Thungwa and Manang districts. The area is dominated by limestone consisting of rugged limestone mountains, isolated hills and canyons with diversified features of caves. A cave has been affected by seawater flowing inside for some kilometers like Stegodon sea cave whereas some caves are stream caves such as Chet Khot cave. Phu Pha Phet cave is the largest cave of Thailand with diversified spectacular speleothems. Furthermore, there are also lapies, waterfalls, and streams for kayaking. 2) Paleozoic Fossils Zone is situated in the areas of Thungwa, Manang, and La-ngu districts. Fossils are found from rocks of six periods in Paleozoic Era from Cambrian trilobites regarding as the oldest fossils of Thailand. The youngest Paleozoic fossils are Permian fusulines, corals, and bryozoans. The most prominent fossils, discovered in red limestone lapies, in association with large nautiloids dating back to about 400 million years old, is stromatolite lapies exposed in Ban Thung Samet and Khao Daeng in the area of Kampaeng sub-district, La-ngu district. This fossil occurrence is regarded as very rare in ASEAN and elsewhere of the world.



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3) Tarutau – Phetra Islands Zone is the zone covering the islands in the Andaman Sea on the west and south of the area. The zone is consisted of 50 islands in Tarutao Islands National Park and 21 islands in the Phetra Islands National Park. The seawater in this zone is stunning colors ranging from emerald green to turquoise blue. Some islands have interesting history with natural beauty composing of forest, wildlife, and beautiful beaches such as Tarutao islands of which have been accepted as ASEAN heritage. Some islands have white soft sand with coral debris inhabited by local fishermen together with vast volume of foreigner tourists such as Lipe and Adang islands.

3. Geosites and non-geositesSite surveying had been made for collecting several data including 1) name of the site 2) type of the site 3) location 4) size and boundary 5) prominent features 6) geological/archeological/ecological features.

4. Strength points Satun Aspiring Geopark has special strengths in geological tourism resource with international recognitions for some sites especially islands, beaches and Andaman coastlines. The islands and sea have been recognized as “paradise of the southern sea” particularly the Lipe island that has reputation with long-stay tourists. The Tarutao islands are accepted as the “ASEAN heritage” whereas inland Stegodon sea cave is regarded as the longest cave in the Thai-Malay peninsula where fossil Stegodon and rhinoceros have been found. The Phu Pha Phet is the largest cave of Thailand and is also accepted as an ASEAN distinctive cave in beauty. Other numerous geosites have international potential such as Chet Khot cave, Wang Sai Thong kayaking, Wang Tai Nan moist evergreen forest ecosystem where Mani people have inhabited, in Manang district. Limestone canyon, karst, is dominated by world class steep cliff for rock climbing. Sino-Portuguese style buildings in Sungai Upeh, Thungwa district, where the largest pier of Thailand during the reign of King Rama V had been used for pepper trading with Penang. Four hundred million years old stromatolite lapies and marine fossils from every period of the Paleozoic Era in La-ngu district. Another strength is geological resources administrated by local government organizations and Geopark schools in the area particularly the Thungwa Sub-district Administration Organization and Kamphaeng Wittaya School. These two local organizations have administrated and conserved the local-origin fossils in the forms of Ancient Elephant Museum and Natural History Museum respectively. They have widely connections at least in the region of southern Thailand by working groups and leaders who know well in geology and fossils.




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Works on the administration and conservation have been strongly supported by Governor and President of Satun Province Administration Organization by launching as important provincial issue in steering the Satun Aspiring Geopark to be a member of UNESCO’s Global Geopark Network by the year 2017. For the weaknesses and threats are in the levels that can be coped. 5. Area development plan and recommendations 5.1 Many private sectors illegally claim some pieces of land for tourism activities by investing various constructions and activities. Even though there are so far no any conflicts in illegal land uses but for long term future this problem is still recurrent, the natural beauty and environment would be deteriorated similar to those some tourist attractions in other provinces. Government must take actions the proper acts and regulations to clarify both trespassers and competent officers. In particular, the acts and regulations of the Department of National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation, Royal Forest Department, and Agricultural Land Reform Office. 5.2 La-ngu district is a good location in developing the tourist accommodations, hotels and resorts, due to La-ngu is considered as the center of the aspiring geopark area with a large tourism pier of Satun Province. 5.3 Satun Aspiring Geopark area doesn’t have international airport as the Langkawi Geopark in Malaysia. The two commercial airports in Trang and Hat Yai are too far by taking about 1 to 1.5 hours by normal car transportations to the project area. Construction a good condition of four-lane highway from Trang via Thungwa, La-ngu, Thapae, Mueang Satun and crossing the border to Palit of Maleysia is strongly recommended. 5.4 Tourist service centers and museums should be developed at least two places namely Pakbara pier and new construction in the 10-acre piece of land nearby the Thungwa district office which has already planned to build as the Geopark museum. Additional two new learning centers or museums should be built as the Natural History Museum of the Kamphaeng Wittaya School (new construction) in La-ngu district and Mani Ethnic Museum in Manang district. 5.5 Welcome signs and guide posts should be designed and located. The welcome signs should be designed and set up at least 4 locations namely 1) at the mountain pass on the highway 416 in Ban Lipang, Palian district, Trang province 2) on the highway 416 at the border between La-ngu and Thapae districts 3) on the road at the border between Manang and Khuan Kalong districts 4)on the highway between Rattaphum-Satun at the junction turning to Khuan Kalong district.




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5.6 The seventy-two geosites/non-geosites have been chosen for 10 sites to be designed and developed. The developments are designed emphasizing on learning media for tourists to reveal awareness the importance of the sites as local heritages including Khao To Ngai, Urai cave, Khao Noi type stratigraphic succession, Stromatolite Lapies, Khao Tanan, Stegodon sea cave, Wang Sai Thong kayaking, Chet Khot cave, Paphon Lapies and Phu Pha Phet cave. 5.7 The Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment or Office of the Permanent Secretary should set up an agency equivalent to department or division or public organization under the name “Institute of Geoparks”. The functions of this agency are to coordinate, support, postulate rules of establishment, regulate, monitoring in engaging of the geoparks in Thailand. The proposed areas might be under an organization that supports the budget in the beginning stage such as province, province administrative organization, local universities or educational institutes. Satun Aspiring Geopark is suggested to be under the province with collaboration with provincial administrative organization, municipalities and related sub-district administration organizations as well as Tarutao Islands National Park, Phetra Islands National Park, and Wildlife Sanctuary. The Satun Aspiring Geopark organization is composed of 19 steering committees with the governor as the chairman and the geopark director as secretary. These committees have to postulate policies, plan approvals, regulate and support the administration. The second committee is five executive committee having the geopark director as a chairman with four heads of divisions including research division, conservation and development division, directorial office, and tourism and service division. The executive committees have to work on administration plan and yearly working plan. The plans shall be approved by steering committees and then carry on the plans with monitoring processes.

6. Summary of action plan (2015-2019) 6.1 Vision “Being an UNESCO Global Geopark Network member”

6.2 Missions 1) Mineral resources and landforms conservations 2) Geopark administration 3) Education and information supporting 4) Geotourism services 5) Local economic development




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6.3. Objectives 1) To conserve the mineral resources and landforms for sustainable uses. 2) To administrate the geopark to get the most out of benefits. 3) To promote education and information to publics. 4) To give the ecotourism/ geotourism services. 5) To develop the local economics to international standards.

6.4 Strategic Issues 1) Mineral resources and landforms conservation with local people participation. 2) Integrated geopark administration. 3) Education and information promotions by diversified media. 4) Ecotourism/ geotourism services under natural and environmental conservation concepts. 5) Local economic development with international standards.



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ORAL SESSION: A04

RESTORATION WORKS OF ANCIENT FORTS AND BUILDINGS:

THE ROLE OF GEOSCIENTISTS

Hamzah Mohamad, Mokhtar Saidin, Annur Hajar Ahmad & Mohamad Azlizal Razali

Centre for Global Archaelogical ResearchUniversiti Sains Malaysia

This paper highlights the need to restore ancient forts and buildings in Malaysia for nation building and national pride, using the guides outlined in Akta Warisan Kebangsaan 2005 (National Heritage Act 2005). An overview is given for 17 forts and buildings – 14 in Semenanjung and three in Sarawak, furnish with brief evaluation whether the forts and buildings (1) have been completely restored, or (2) have been restored, with some room for improvements, or (3) have not been initiated for restoration. With wood being an exception, all the building materials are made of earth materials, either in raw forms – such as block and fragment of rocks, as simple low temperature mixture – such as building concrete, concrete cement and wall plaster, as well as processed materials, such as bricks, tiles and paints. Restoration process involves immitating the original building materials used in terms of type of materials, size, colour, texture, constituent materials and their proportions. For processed materials such as bricks and tiles, the original soil used and the baking temperature have to be taken into consideration. While it is true that normal or slightly modified petrographic technique is sufficient for some immitation works, it seem inivitable that the best immitation of materials, especially processed materials needs the help of modern, sophisticated instrumental techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorrescence (XRF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as energy dispersive spectrometry (EDX) attached to the SEM machine. This paper illustrates the use of SEM and EDX in characterizing ultra-fine grained materials, the use of SiO2, CaO and L.O.I. values from XRF in immitating the ratio between pebbly quartz, ground calcite and Portland cement in ordinary concrete, and the use of XRD in suggesting the baking temperature of bricks and roof tiles. Successful immination of original materials, however, requires planning and input of knowledge from geoscientist with reasonably deep understanding in petrography and mineral chemistry.


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ORAL SESSION: A05

MUD VOLCANOES IN LABUAN ISLAND AND PULAUTIGA ISLAND (SABAH), MALAYSIA: FROM PERSPECTIVE OF MINERALOGY, GEOCHEMISTRY, AND GEOHERITAGE

Hafzan Eva Mansor, Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin, Siti Syaza Aiman Seh Wali, Elvaene James, Arham Muchtar Achmad Bahar, and Muhammad

Muqtada Ali KhanGeology Program, Faculty of Earth Science, University Malaysia Kelantan (Jeli

Campus), Locked Bag No. 100, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan.Corresponding Author: [email protected]

Studies on mineralogy, geochemistry, and geoheritage has been carried out on two mud volcano sites in the western of Borneo, Malaysia: Labuan mud volcano in Labuan Island and Bukit Mat Salleh mud volcano in PulauTiga Island, Sabah. These mud volcanoes are found in the mud-dominated Setap Shale Formation aged Middle Miocene, thus in general their occurrencesgive direct indicators of hydrocarbon migration and provides a view of the hydrocarbon potential of the deeper sediments. Eruptionsat the both localities normally last for less than ten minutes, and are characterized by the combination of vigorous extrusion of grey, silty-clayey mud, and associated gas mainly carbon dioxide and methane that causes bubbles, as well asgroundwater.The clay mineral association at the two localities consist of muscovite, illite, and kaolinite. Geochemical analysis shows that the mud samples from the Labuan mud volcano are dominated by SiO2 (49.53%) and Fe2O3 (18.0%). Meanwhile, samples from Bukit Mat Salleh mud volcano are also dominated by SiO2 (54.00%) and Fe2O3 (17.0%). The chemical composition indicates the presence of quartz and accumulation of iron (III) due to oxidation process towards the samples. Meanwhile, Pb, Ba, Nb, and Zr are among the highest recorded trace elements in both localities. From geoheritage perspective, these geological features have some geoheritage values such as scientific (and educational), aesthetic, recreational, as well as economic and functional values. These sites should be conserved and developed for research and education as well as geotourism development.

Keywords: Mud volcano, Setap Shale Formation, mineralogy, geochemistry, major and trace elements, geoheritage values.


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ORAL SESSION: A06

GEOTOURISM POTENTIAL AT SILAM COAST CONSERVATION AREA (SCCA)

Junaidi Asis, Hardianshah Saleh, Zulherry Isnain, Baba Musta, Sanudin Tahir & Hazerina Pungut

Geology ProgrammeFaculty of Science and Natural Resources (FSSA)

Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS)Jalan UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, SABAH

[email protected]/[email protected]

A research has been conducted at Silam Coast Conservation Area (SCCA) to evaluate the geotourism potential of the geological heritage resources. The study area is located at Silam, Lahad Datu, in the eastern part of Sabah. The area was made up of igneous and sedimentary rocks of ultramafic, gabbro, amphibolite, basaltic dykes, plagiogranites and basaltic rocks capped by red radiolarian chert. It is also known as the Darvel Bay Ophiolite Complex which represents the ophiolitic sequence of oceanic crust that formed during Jurassic to Cretaceous around 150-80 million years ago. Mid-Miocene tectonic event had deformed and uplifted the rock units. SCCA is a coastal area which also covers few small islands namely Tabun Island and Saranga Island to the northeast of the conservation area in Darvel Bay. The geomorphology and geologic features contribute to the aesthetic values of the area which enhances the scientific values. Two potential geosites have been identified which are Tabun-Saranga islands and Pandanus-Ara beaches that hold unique features of remnant cliff, wave-cut cliff, faults, caves, stacks, tafoni, headland, pocket beach, colluvial beach deposit and remnant of dead coral colonies. Development of this geosites could lead to conservation which sustains the geological heritage resources as well as contributing to the state’s economy and tourism industry.


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ORAL SESSION: A07

CEPU GEOHERITAGE: A PETROLEUM SYSTEM

Sugeng Raharjo & Mahap MahaDepartment of Geological Engineering, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Corresponding author: [email protected]

Activities in petroleum industries could not be detached from the basic concept of geology. Cepu geoheritage bridges common people and students to the knowledge of basic petroleum geology and the activities in petroleum industry. The aims of this paper are to explain the geological characteristic and significance of each geosite. Cepu geoheritage is situated in the North - East Java Basin, administratively located in Cepu sub-regency and the surrounding area, Blora regency, eastern Central Java. It represents Cepu’s petroleum system such as: source rocks, migration pathways, reservoir rocks, trap, and cap rocks. It also explains the hydrocarbon fields such as oil field, gas field, and traditional oil field. In general, this paper describes the geosite of: 1) Tawun claystone as source rock; 2) Ledok oil seepage; 3) Ngrayong quartz sandstone as reservoir rock; 4) Kawengan anticline as structural trap; 5) Mundu marl as cap rock; and 6) Ledok oil field, Cepu gas field, and Wonocolo traditional oil field.

ORAL SESSION: A08

MOST THREATENED GEOSITES IN TERENGGANU: PANTAI PANDAK AND BUKIT BUCU

Hamlee Ismail & Razaidi Shah A. KadirJabatan mineral dan Geosains

Kuala Terengganu

Terengganu has at least 25 geosites that have been identified since 2002 untill now. These geosites are threatened by development either in the area where the geosites are located or by the development in the neighboring areas. Two geosites to be highlighted that have increasingly being threatened is Bukit Bucu and Pandak beach geosites. As at the moment the two geosites are located in private land so they are very vulnerable and immediate action must be taken quickly otherwise they will be lost forever.


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ORAL SESSION: A09

GEOSITES POTENTIAL FOR KUNAK DISTRICT, SEMPORNA PENINSULAR, SABAH

Mohd Yusop Bin Ramli and Paulus Godwin.

The Semporna Peninsular is one of the four main geopark potential areas which have been identified for Sabah, one of the East Malaysian states. The other three are Kinabalu, Kuala Penyu and Kudat-Banggi areas. The Semporna Peninsular is further subdivided into three subzones (according to state administrative districts) namely Tawau, Semporna and Kunak for a more a systematic approach to gauge their geosites potential. Six highly potential geosites were identified within the Kunak Subzone. The most interesting and unique potential geosites are the two lava tubes of the extinct volcanic activities in the area. Going down the list are the Madai-Supad Batu limestone, a waterfall, a chert block hill and the Mostyn-lake. Recently, one of the lava tubes, a naturally-occurred underground tunnel, is sensationalised in the social media as an ex-Japanese Second World War military tunnel. It created havoc when photographs of the discovery of gold ingots were added to this fraudulent news. The undertaken preliminary geosite survey is a timely obligatory measure to enlighten the truth to the formation of the tunnel. The six potential geosites are located within the Kunak District and the development of the geosites could turn the District into a potential geopark which we tentatively proposed as Kunak District Geopark.


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ORAL SESSION: A10

CONSERVING THE KINTA VALLEY KARST SYSTEM: A NATURAL LABORATORY FOR ACADEMICS AND

RESEARCH

Solomon Kassa, Fathiyah Jamaludin, Askury BA KadirFaculty of Geoscience and Petroleum Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS,

32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak, Malaysia.

The Kinta Valley picturesque karst system is located in Perak, western part of Peninsular Malaysia. The Upper Permian remnant limestone hills, honeycombed with caves and other karst features, are bounded by the younger Main Range and Kledang Range granites in the eastern and western part of the Kinta Valley, respectively. The vestige limestone hills which stand out of the Quaternary alluvium attest the influence of geological processes which have been taking place for millions of years. The Kinta Valley karst system serves as a natural laboratory for various researchers and academicians, besides their economic value as recreational sites. Some of the academic and research benefits that the area provides include, to comprehend the regional and local geologic and tectonic episodes, to characterize the nature of subsurface karst from outcrop analogue, to enlighten pupil about subaerially exposed carbonate rock which originates in shallow marine, to understand subaerial dissolution process and evolution of carbonate rocks, to study cave biology, and for the study of prehistoric paintings, among others. In spite of such invaluable advantages that the Kinta Valley karst offers, these days it has confronted with immense destruction ensuing the so-called exploitation as raw material for industries. If the extraction of the extant limestone continues with the present alarming rate, in the near future the karst system will be a history. It is indispensable for the state government to keep the natural laboratory as it is and pass it to the future generation than getting the royalty charge from every lorry that leaves the quarry site. Hence, creating awareness among decision makers and the society is of paramount importance to conserve the Kinta Valley karst system.


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ORAL SESSION: A11

GEOWARISAN & GEOTAPAK HARAPAN TANAH BESAR KEDAH

Nur Susila Md. Saaid, Muhammad Mustaza bin Mazni, Fathullah bin Abu Naim & Zainol bin Husin

Jabatan Mineral & Geosains Kedah/Perlis/Pulau PinangJalan Perak, Seberang Jalan Putra,

05150 Alor SetarKedah

Tel: 04-7338504, Faks: [email protected]/[email protected]

Understanding the important values and non-renewable geological heritage requires drastic actions to save as much as possible the geosites from destroyed. Mineral & Geoscience Department of Kedah / Perlis / Pulau Pinang has attracted attention for cooperation with landowners and the Kedah State Government (State Economic Development Unit). Compatible combination partnership creates exploration and sharing of geological sites for future reference as a part of national heritage. To date, two geosites already received the geoheritage status at the state level and has been officially opened. Inspiration and awareness of geoheritage sites of Kedah relates to the landscape and the almost complete stratigraphy section to be compared with other places in Malaysia. Started with Langkawi Islands in Malaysia, namely Langkawi Geopark synonyms with Naturally Langkawi, Kedah now boast two other sites: Bukit Larek Geoheritage site: The deep Paleo-Tethys Ocean and the Padang Nyior Geoheritage site at Padang Sanai: site of 74,000 years Volcanic Ash from Toba. Both of the sites will be the next National Geoheritage with a unique package of other geosites nearby.


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ORAL SESSION: A12

CHARACTERIZATION AND POTENTIAL RISK OF DAMAGE KARST ECOSYSTEMS WATUPUTIH GROUNDWATER BASIN REGIONAL TEGALDOWO AND TIMBRANGAN,

GUNEM SUB-DISTRICT, DISTRICT OF REMBANG, CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE

Nandra Eko N, ET Paripurno, Sari Bahagiarti K

Carefully situations karst area is an area of growing part of Kars Region Kendeng in Rembang, where karstification process continues to run and have a complex subsurface systems. Besides karst region Basin Groundwater (CAT) Watuputih as stipulated in Presidential Decree No. 26 of 2011 points 124 was classified CAT B that is located in the district cross between Rembang and Blora. Morphological changes caused by human activities or sharing activities mining and plans to build a cement factory by PT SI and its subsidiaries such as PT Semen Gresik also infestor like PT SIR, PT RSI, PT GMM, PT BA, PT RBP, PT SAF, PT ICCI reaching area 493 hectares in Tegaldowo, District Gunem. Such activities are directly or indirectly would damage the ecosystem of caves, underground rivers and springs parenial spread over Watuputih CAT. Solo River, rivers and streams Tuyuhan Lusi is a major river in the region of CAT Watuputih disgorge. There are 74 caves, 29 springs, 44 Ponor in the area Tegaldowo and Timbrangan, 10 caves and springs 3 which was located in the area of forestry. Morphological changes caused by mining can affect water distribution pattern, where caves, springs and Ponor has a very important role that controls the supply of water, degradation of the amount of water stored in the CAT Watuputih result in changes in the composition of the base flow (diffuse flow) than the total flow. Limestone mining hills will reduce the function of absorption and the amount of diffuse water storage, on the contrary will increase the flow conduit in the rain. If an area has a criteria as karst areas and CAT then it should be a major concern in the sustainability of the ecosystem. Providing protection and stop all activities which could damage protected areas have geological landforms and karst water recharge, especially from small-scale mining activities as well as masiff. Provide an understanding of the karst region in the perspective of disaster risk reduction. Need to be developed and be communicated to various stakeholders across sectors and administrative order to do the right policy as ecological functions.


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ORAL SESSION: A13

SOME CULTURAL RELATED GEOHERITAGE SITES IN BARIO, KELABIT HIGHLANDS, MIRI, SARAWAK

Richard Mani Banda1, Ajon Winnie1, Dana Badang1, Thomson Galin1, Degor Johia2

1Minerals & Geoscience Department Malaysia, Kuching, Sarawak2Department of Museums Malaysia

Bario is located at the altitude of about 1,100m a.s.l. in the Kelabit Highlands of Sarawak, East Malaysia, bordering Kalimantan Indonesia on the entire eastern side. Bario is not only famous with its Kelabit community, unique Bario rice, hospitality, well known highland and e-Bario, but the less discovered geological information that generally formed the sedimentary rocks of Meligan and Kelabit formations are the main sources for the geodiversity and geoheritage sites. The geodiversity of geological processes in the form of salt springs and megaliths are widely existed and considered highly value of cultural related geoheritage sites. Salt springs and megaliths are very close to the Kelabits community’s social life since as early as their habitation of the highland. A total of eleven salt springs have been identified but only a few sites still operating actively for the natural and traditional mountain’s salt products. Various sizes of megaliths that closely related to their primary and secondary burial practices are scatted all over the highlands. There are more than 300 cultural sites of megaliths reported in the area. The nearest and accessible cultural related geoheritages of both salt springs and megaliths have become the attractions for geotourism sites.


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ORAL SESSION: A14AYER HANGAT HOT SPRINGS: GEOLOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL

AND GEOPHYICAL UPDATE FOR GEOTOURISM INDUSTRY

M. Hariri Arifin1, Mohd Nawawi Mohd Nordin1, Hassan Bioumy2, John S. Kayode1, Amin E.Khalil1 & Karl Wagner3

1Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Physics, 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia2Petroleum Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar,

Perak, Malaysia3School of Business, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, 50250 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

In more than sixty hot springs discovered in the Malay Peninsula, Ayer Hangat hot springs are supposedly listed among the potential tourist attractions in Langkawi Island. However, the water is salty and yellowish, unlike other hot springs in Peninsula Malaysia, these issues has been affecting the hot springs here so only few guests are attracted to the site. Integrated geophysical, geological and geochemical investigations were proposed in this study to examine the origin of the hot water as well as the source of water pollution. The study also aims at evaluating the chemical compositions of the current water and compare with the spa poll water specifications for possible uses of the water as spa pool water to attract more visitors. Geophysical surveys carried out to investigate the subsurface of the area include, eight resistivity lines, as well as more than two hundreds gravity stations in and around the Ayer Hangat hot springs complex. The results of resistivity survey are used to determine the drilling sites in areas of low resistivity values used to indicate thermal water. Qualitative interpretation of gravity survey indicates the presence of possible shallow faults that trends nearly NW-SE directions. Some of the hot springs are located near to these shallow faults. High gravity anomaly was also observed that may be interpreted as deep seated intrusions in the area. Quantitative analyses showed preliminary model leading to the fact that the anomaly could be relatively deep seated origin (more than 200m) in the NE-SW directions almost perpendicular to the shallow fault. The structural index of 1.0 gives good estimation of the geological structure. This index represents line source which could be interpret as deep seated dykes. Based on the geophysical surveys, and the borehole drilling results, it could be inferred that the groundwater hot springs in the study area could have been as a results of the heat by the deep seated intrusions or dykes. Hot water perhaps ascends upward along the deep-seated fault, while the shallow faults could be regarded as being serving for the formation of chimney of pathway to the ground water through its transmission to the surface. The superficial faults could also be responsible for the contamination of the groundwater with the saline water. Chemical analysis of several water samples from the Ayer Hangat area as well as data collected from the previous studies suggested that Ayer Hangat hot springs waters are characterized by higher ingredients. These high values are most possibly due to the incursion of saline water from the ocean.


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ORAL SESSION: A15

ARCHAEOLOGY OF GUA PELANGI, JELEBU, NEGERI SEMBILAN. – A PRELIMINARY REPORT

Rasydan Muhammad & Mohd Mokhtar SaidinPusat Penyelidikan Arkeologi Global,

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 [email protected]/[email protected]

Since Colonial time, prehistoric sites in Malaysia are more likely tend to be found at the Northern and East Coast Peninsular Malaysia, also the East part of Malaysia, the Sabah and Sarawak. Archeological research at Gua Pelangi brings new data for prehistoric archeology of Malaysia, especially the southern part of Peninsular Malaysia. Past survey by PPAG USM, the site which also the southernmost limestone cave in Peninsular Malaysia have great prehistoric values. Systematic excavation done by the team found artefacts such as stone tools (unificial and bifacial stone tools, flake tools, hammerstone and anvil), food remains (freshwater mollusc), and evidence of human lived in the cave (charcoal and ashes), which contribute to several big issues such as the function of the cave, the dating of the cave, the paleo-environment and more related to this site. Based on laboratory results, the dating of this prehistoric remains in the site is between 9,490 B.P to 14,130 B.P. Since the chronometric dating shows the site was occupied between that time range, and support with the relative dating of artefacts found such as stone tools and their context, the site was used between the Late-Pleistocene to Early Holocene Epock or during Epi-Paleolithic or Hoabinhian period. All the findings from the excavation was brought to the lab for further analysis. Such analysis include the statistical analysis on food remains, typology analysis on stone tools, use wear, and reconstruction of sites.


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ORAL SESSION: A16AN UPDATE STUDY OF VERTEBRATE FOSSILS FROM

KALIGLAGAH–BUMIAYU-BREBES REGION CENTRAL JAVA PROVINCE-INDONESIA

Premonowati1, M. Wildan Fadhlilah2 & Mochamad Ardhy Ian Sasmito2

1Dept. of Geological Engineering-UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta 2Students of Dept. of Geological Engineering-UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta

Kaliglagah fauna is found at Kaliglagah Formation and Upper Kalibeng Formation, the Plio-Pleistocene terraces. This outcropped and fossils debris is located in the northwestern part of Slamet Mountains-Central Java. There are 11 fossils families are Turritellidae, a shallow marine fossils of Upper Kalibeng Formation; and the terrestrial fossils of Bovidae, Bubalus bubalis, Brachylagus, Cervidae, Capra aegagrus, Elephantidae, Equus, Rhinoceros, Nesolagus, Wildebest. The bone’s measurement is compared to the modern fauna and related to the publications. Stratigraphically, The Kaliglagah Formation is covered of Upper Kalibeng in Plio-Pleistocene age. Turritella sp. is dominant found in the upper neritic or shallow marine environment. Paleogeographically, Kaliglagah fauna indicates a terrestrial that almost similar age of an early hominid fossils likes Satir Sites before Hominid in Sangiran Sites. Satir Sites is located 90km eastern of Bumiayu area. The fossils photograph and measurement are accompany for this paper. This research is conducted by Mr. Nono and Mr. Fadillah as a fossils collector, and the fossils should be displayed for Kaliglagah Museum within cooperation to the Brebes Regions Government of Central Java Province-Indonesia.---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Penemuan fosil-fosil vertebrata Kali Glagah sebanyak 11 jenis yakni: turitella, moluska laut; hewan daratan yakni: bison, elephas, kambing, kelinci, kerbau, kuda, rusa, dan wildebest. Keterdapatannya sesuai stratigrafi formasi Tersier di kaki Gunung Slamet, yakni soil teras sungai Kalibeng Atas dan Formasi Kaliglagah. Metode pengukuran bagian-bagian fosil untuk diperbandingkan dengan kehidupan sekarang disertai publikasi terpilih. Secara stratigrafi, Formasi Kalibeng ditutupi oleh Formasi Kaliglagah yang berumur Pliosen Akhir-Plistosen. Fosil Turitella sp yang dominan menunjukkan lingkungan pengendapan Neritik Tepi atau laut dangkal, sedangkan fosil lainnya di darat yang hampir seumur dengan Situs Satir. Situr Satir terletak sekitar 90 km sebelah timur Kota Bumiayu. Secara paleogeografi, Situs Satir berkemungkinan dijumpai fosil manusia yang lebih tua saripada Situs Sangiran. Foto dan hasil pengukuran fosil disertakan dalam paper ini. Koleksi fosil Kaliglagah ini dikoleksi oleh pak Nono dan Pak Fadlilah, kolektor pribadi, yang akan dijadikan obyek pendirian Museum Kaliglagah di Kabupaten Bumiayu, kerjasama dengan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Brebes-Jawa Tengah-Indonesia.


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ORAL SESSION: A17

GEOSITES CHARACTERIZATION AND ASSESSMENT FOR CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE USED IN BAKO

NATIONAL PARK, SARAWAK, MALAYSIA

Dana Badang1, Che Aziz Ali2, Ibrahim Komoo3, Mohd. Shafeea Leman2,1Minerals & Geoscience Department Malaysia, Kuching, Sarawak

2School of Environmental & Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology, UKM

3Institute for Environment & Development (LESTARI), [email protected]

Various methods of characterization and assessment have been established and used in many different territories of countries in line with the development of geoconservation, geotourism and geoheritage. Proper characterization according to different criteria and using quantitative measures of assessment is a necessary prerequisite for identifying the significance values of the geological heritage. A comprehensive methodology of characterization and assessment of geosites that can be used to evaluate the important for conservation and sustainable used of the geological heritage in the tropical country area is presented here. This study focuses on the development of specific criteria necessary for determining values of geological heritage. The methodology is concerning the four main criteria i.e. scientific, aesthetic, culture and recreational with their respective series of sub-criteria. Based on these criteria a geoheritage values are being quantified according to the score indexes on a scale ranging from 1 to 10 for each geosites. This methodology was tested in three areas in Bako National Park, namely Teluk Pandan, Teluk Assam and Pulau Lakei - Teluk Limau.


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ORAL SESSION: A18

MODERN GEOSPATIAL TECHNOLOGY FOR GEOHERITAGE AND GEOBIODIVERSITY MAPPING:

STATUS AND CHALLENGES

Khamarrul Azahari Razak1,2, Mohd Zaki Ibrahim3, Mohamad Abd Manap4, Azhari Ahmad4, Zamri Ramli4, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed5, Qalam Azad

Rosle6, Zakaria Mohamad7, Rabieahtul Abu Bakar7

1UTM Razak School of Engineering and Advanced Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia,

2Disaster Preparedness and Prevention Center, Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Kuala Lumpur

3Selangor Town and Country Planning Department4Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (Technical Services Section)

5Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (Perak),6Minerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia (Selangor & Wilayah Persekutuan),7South-East Asia Disaster Prevention and Research Initiatives, SEADPRI, Universiti

Kebangsaan Malaysia,

A comprehensive geoheritage and geodiversity management is often supported by reliable spatial data input consistently acquired in time and space. Compiling and updating the inventory and physical characteristics of Earth heritage sites in a rapid developing country is a tedious process and time consuming. The conservation management processes involved in the ranking of the areas as national- or world heritage sites critically required geospatial-derived scientific data for supporting evidence-based decisions. However, producing reliable characteristics of such spectacular landforms, geological features, vicinity hazards, land-use-land-cover changes and significant human interactions are very challenging in a complex environment. Modern geospatial technology and advanced earth observation system is the only best tool for objectively generating geometric and radiometric-derived data of outstanding values of natural heritages at multi-scales. However, little efforts have been made to fully utilize the advanced geospatial technology for mapping aforementioned scenarios in Malaysia.



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This paper presents an overview of recent developments on the advanced mapping technique for characterizing prominent geological structures and geomorphic features in Malaysia. We have developed the novel method in the Gombak Selangor Quartz Ridge (Gombak, Selangor) and later will be implemented in the Kinta Valley Geopark (Ipoh, Perak). This study presents an integrated field methodological framework, multi-stage processing routines and intelligent analysis modules by taking into account the climatic, topographic, geologic, and anthropogenic challenges in an equatorial region. The state-of-the-art geospatial technology particularly topographic laser scanning system (multi- sensory LiDAR), sophisticated satellite positioning system, advanced geographical information system made a better understanding of the Earth surface processes in time and space. This paper addresses current status and key challenges of developing a Smart Geospatial-Geoheritage Solution (SGGS) at regional and national scales. We highlight new perspectives and future research directions for quantifying Earth dynamic system towards promoting geo-sustainable development and building ecosystem disaster risk reduction in a tropical environment.



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ORAL SESSION: A19

SITUS GEOLOGI GUNUNG API PURBA GADJAH MUNGKUR DAERAH WONOGIRI, JAWA TENGAH

INDONESIA Sutarto1,2, Arifudin Idrus2, Agung Harjoko2, Lucas D. Setijadji2, and

Rama Danny1

1Universitas Pembangunan Nasional “Veteran” Yogyakarta 2Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta [email protected]/[email protected]

Situs Gunungapi purba Gadjah Mungkur terletak di daerah Selogiri dan sekitarnya, Kabupaten Wonogiri, Jawa Tengah, sekitar 40 km sebelah tenggara kota Solo atau sekitar 70 km sebelah timur kota Yogyakarta. Bentang alam Gunung Gadjah Mungkur, membentuk morfologi yang melingkar yang dihubungkankan oleh bentangalam yang kontras antara punggungan di bagian baratdaya dan lembah Bengawan Solo di bagian timurlaut. Morfologi melingkar dengan diameter sekitar 8 km ini diyakini oleh banyak ahli sebagai kaldera vulkanik tua, dengan kompleks intrusi di bagian tengahnya sebagai pusat erupsi. Sebagai kompleks gunungapi tua, aktifitas magmatisme-vulkanisme di daerah Gadjah Mungkur disusun oleh batuan-batuan beku plutonik dan vulkanik, vulkaniklastik, silisiklastik serta batuan karbonat dari Formasi Mandalika dan Semilir berumur sekitar Akhir Eosen-Awal Miosen, yang merupakan bagian dari zona Pegunungan Selatan Jawa Timur. Batuan-batuan dioritik di daerah telitian dan sekitarnya seperti diorit-mikro hornblende, diorit hornblende-piroksen dan diorit kuarsa yang diinterpretasikan sebagai pusat erupsi, telah mengalami ubahan hydrotermal, menghasilkan mineralisasi endapan porfiri Cu-Au dan sejumlah endapan epitermal Au-logam dasar di sekelilingnya. Kenampakan geologi yang terkait dengan proses-proses magmatisme, hidrotermal dan vulkanisme di wilayah Selogiri tersebut, sebagian masih nampak dipermukaan, dan sangat baik untuk dapat dijadikan pembelajaran ilmu geologi, diantaranya adalah kenampakan collumar joints, AA/ropi lava, metamorfisme kontak, serta mineral bijih serta tekstur yang dibentuk oleh proses hidrotremal Cu-Au. Hasil-hasil tersebut disampaing bernilai saintifik tetapi juga bernilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu perlu pengaturan yang baik, disamping dapat diekstrak atau dieksploitasi, beberapa situs tersebut perlu dikonservasi untuk dapat dijadikan pembelajaran bagi generasi berikutnya.

Kata Kunci: Gunung Api Purba, Magmatisme, Hidrotermal dan VulkanismeContinued on next page...


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Abstract

The site of ancient volcano of Gadjah Mungkur is situated at Selogiri area, Wonogiri, Central Java, about 40 km to the south-east from Solo city or approximately 70 km east of Yogyakarta city. Gadjah Mungkur mountain landscape, forming a circular morphology that controlled by very contrast landscape of the ridge in the southwestern and Solo River valley in the northeast. a half-circular depression on approximately 8 km in diameter is thought to be a feeder of an ancient volcanic crater or calderaa, and the intrusion complex in the center are the feeder. The Gadjah Mungkur area and its vicinity is a part of the East Java Southern Mountain Zone, mostly occupied by both plutonic and volcanic igneous rocks, volcaniclastic, silisiclastic and carbonate rocks. Magmatism-volcanism products at Selogiri area were indicated by the abundant of igneous and volcaniclastic rocks of Mandalika and Semilir Formation and many dioritic intrusive rocks as part of the Late Eocene-Early Miocene magmatism. Porphyry Cu-Au mineralisation at Randu Kuning Prospect have strong genetic correlation with the magmatism-volcanism processes. Many geological manifestation related with the processes of magmatism, hydrothermal and volcanism in the region Selogiri, partly still visible on the surface, and good for learning the of geological science, including of them are an outcrops of collumar joints, AA / Ropi lava, metamorphism contact rocks, and mineral ore deposits hydrotremal process as well as its texture. The sites have both a scientific worth but also a high economic value. Therefore needed a good regulation, it not only will be extracted or exploited, but some of them have to be conserved to used as next generation geological laboratories.

Key words: Ancient Volcano, Magmatis, Hydrothermal and Volcanism



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ORAL SESSION: A20

KHON KAEN ASPIRING GEOPARK

R. Jitrattana & T. TepsuwanDepartment of Mineral Resources, Thailand.

[email protected]

Khon Kean aspiring geopark is located in the west side of Khon Kaen province, in Northeastern Thailand. It covers approximately 1,733 km2 and emcompasses 25 subdistricts and 7 districts, i.e. Phu Pha Man, Chum Phae, Si Chomphu, Wiang Kao, Phu Wiang, Ubolratana and Ban Fang. The boundaries of Khon Kean aspiring geopark have been drawn to include the continuous exposure of Permian to Cretaceous geological strata. These exposures record evidence of changing paleoenvironment form marine to continental setting. The geopark, containing 23 geosites, can be categorized into 3 main outstanding zones. These include Karst Topography Zone in the west, Wiang Kao Dinosaur Valley in the middle and Amazing Landscape Zone in the east side of the area. The Karst Topography was formed in Permian limestone. This zone provides attractive panoramic view point, beautiful caves and a large number of marine fossils. Wiang Kao Dinosaur Valley, located in central of syncline valley, is considered as the most outstanding zone. This due to the skeletons of 4 new dinosaur species, including Phuwiangosaurus sirindhorne , Siamosaurus suteethorni, Ginnareemimus khonkaenensis and Siamotyrannus isanensis, were found in this area. Amazing Landscape Zone is part of Nam Phong National Park. The area offers many popular tourist attractions that involving sandstone features such as cuesta landscape, natural bridge, rock garden and beautiful sunset view of Nam Pong reservoir. Khon Kean geopark represents not only an outstanding geological processes and features but also unique archaeological sites and cultures that showing lifestyle of local people and local products. The will enable further promotion and development of tourism and local business, which would play a crucial role in regional development of one of the most interesting region in Thailand.

Keywords: geopark, archaeological site, ecological site and cultural site


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ORAL SESSION: A21

WIDE VARIATIONS SITE AS A POTENTIAL OF BOJONEGORO GEOHERITAGE

Jatmika Setiawan1, Deddy Kristanto2, Heru Sigit Purwanto1, Sri Suryaningsum3

1Geology Deparment-Faculty of Mineral Technology, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta2Petroleum Deparment- Faculty of Mineral Technology, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta

3Accouting Deparment-Faculty of Economic, UPN “Veteran” [email protected]

Bojonegoro District very rich in resources including the hydrocarbons (oil and gas). Hydrocarbon are non-renewable energy, so there are possible at one time would become depleted. In order to anticipate it, so with the develope of the Bojonegoro Geoheritage for shall be saved and be conceived as are national values of geological site as: Kahyangan Api Abadi (Kahyangan Natural Fire); outcrop lithology of petroleum system, heritage of Dutch bore holes, semi active drilling and active drilling many, many others. There will become to support the developping of Bojonegoro Geoheritage as a National and International levels of natural geology torism object and will be built by sustainable development. There are may be an alternative for income in Bojonegoro District.

Key words: Bojonegoro, Geoheritage, petroleum system, sustainable development


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ORAL SESSION: A22

POTENSI AIR PANAS GEOTERMAL DI PARANGTRITIS, BANTUL, YOGYAKARTA SEBAGAI PENDUKUNG UTAMA

WISATA GEOLOGI

DR. Ir. KRT Nur Suhascaryo, M.T1, Drs. Hadi Purnomo, M.Si2, DR. Ir. Jatmika Setiawan, M.T3

1Program Studi Teknik Perminyakan2Program Studi Teknik Geologi

3LLPM Universitas Pembangunan Nasional ‘Veteran’ Yogyakarta

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis potensi fluida air panas geotermal di Parangtritis, Bantul yang telah dikelola secara optimal? Metodelogi penelitian dibagi menjadi 3 tahap, pertama orientasi dan survei lokasi penelitian, tahap kedua distribusi temperatur air panas, pemetaan sebaran panas, dan tahap ketiga analisa laboratorium. Hasil yang dicapai apakah fluida air panas terbebas dari gas ikutan (belerang dan CO2) dan panasnya dapat dimanfaatkan untuk mendukung wisata geologi di Parangtritis, Bantul, Yogyakarta.

Kata Kunci : Temperatur, fluida, gas ikutan


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KINTA VALLEY GEOPARK AS GEOTOURISM AND ECOTOURISM DESTINATIONS IN PERAK

Kamaludin Hassan1, Mohd Sidi Daud1, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed1, Othman Kangsar1 & Mohd Shafeea Leman2

1Department of Minerals and Geoscience Malaysia2National University of Malaysia

Perak is a state in Malaysia and it has many geotourism and ecotourism sites. The sites are varied and diverse, among which include the islands in the Straits of Malacca like the fascinating Pulau Sembilan archipelago, enchanting Pulau Pangkor Laut and Pulau Pangkor to the pristine world’s best managed Matang mangrove forests, the meandering Perak river systems, captivating limestone hills and caves, stunning waterfalls, awestruck archaeological sites, relaxing abundant man-made lakes and serene hill and mountain forests parks. The paper focuses on developing geotourism and ecotourism potential of the proposed Kinta Valley Geopark through the geopark tourism concept. Geopark tourism promote sustainable tourism of the earth’s heritage; whereby it encompasses promotion and education on the geological heritage of the area, the landscapes, places, people, flora, fauna, archaeology, history and its culture. In the proposed Kinta Valley Geopark, at least 20 geological heritage sites or geosites, similar number of non-geological heritage sites and 7 potential heritage products or geopark products have been identified. The geology of Kinta Valley are mainly made up of the Palaeozoic marble rock type (commonly refers as the limestone), Triassic granite rock, and the Pliocene – Quaternary alluvium and eluvium. Historically the latter two sediments had made Kinta Valley world famous due to its cassiterite mineral deposits. Kinta Valley was the world’s major tin producer since the early 20th century to the 1970’s. The limestone hills karsts topography display prominent landmark in the Kinta Valley. Many of the major limestone hills hide large caverns, winding caves and tunnels naturally sculptured to several kilometres in length. In the economic scene the limestone has been an important source of income for the state, whereby it is made into products like cement, calcium carbonate powder, quicklime and hydrated lime apart as dimension stone and rock aggregates. The limestone also poses hazards where occasionally rock falls and sinkholes do occur in the Kinta Valley. The rich geology and significant community awareness on conservation and sustainable development of the Kinta Valley area make it the very reason for the Kinta Valley Geopark to be established and promoted.


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ORAL SESSION: A24

PERUBAHAN IKLIM PURBA BERDASARKAN MODEL SEKUEN STRATIGRAFI DAERAH MAWESDAY DAN

SEKITARNYA KABUPATEN SARMI PAPUA

C.Danisworo1, Achmad Subandrio1,Theodora Ngaderman2

1Dosen Pascasarjana Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknologi Mineral, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta.

2Mahasiswa Magister Teknik Geologi, Fakultas Teknologi Mineral, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta

Perubahan iklim sangat mempengaruhi proses sedimentasi. Sifatfisik dari sedimen sangat dipengaruhi oleh iklim saat sedimentasi berlangsung. Sekuen Stratigrafi suatu ilmu yang mempelajari stratigrafi batuan yang didasarkan pada pola sedimentasinya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metodepemetaan (mapping), pengukuran stratigrafi detail (measured section), analisis batuan dan fosil, dan analisis data sumur pemboran. Pada daerah telitian terdapat tiga satuan morfologi yaitu; Satuan morfologi perbukitan denudasional, Satuan morfologi endapan alluvial dan Satuan morfologi endapan pantai. Stratigrafi daerah Mawesday tersusun oleh Satuan batu lempung Aurumi dengan sisipan batu bara, Satuan batu pasir Unk yang tufan, Satuan endapan alluvial Mawesday dan Satuan endapan pantai Mawesday. Satuan batu lempung dan batu pasir diendapkan pada lowerdelta plain hingga pro delta. Struktur geologi yang ditemukan di daerah Mawesday terdiri atas sesar naik dan kekar. Sejarah geologi daerah penelitian faseregresi Kala Pliosen Awal – Pliosen Akhir, dan diselingi oleh fasetrangresi; fasetrangresi mengalami puncaknya dengan ditandai adanya Maximum Flooding Surface, Kala Pliosen Akhir -Holosen. Faktoriklim (climate) yang mempengaruhi lingkungan pengendapan pada daerah penelitian diawali dengan pengendapan Satuan batu lempung Aurumi dengan sisipan batu bara diendapkan pada iklim dingin (cold) dan tidak lembab (dry) sebaliknya pada Satuan batu pasir Unk yang tufan, Satuan Endapan Alluvial Mawesday dan Satuan Endapan Pantai Mawesday menunjukkan bahwa iklim pada saat itu panas (warm) dan lembab (humid).

Kata kunci: Analisissekuen, Maximum flooding surface,measured section (MS), log gamma ray (GR).


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POTENSI PEMBANGUNAN LESTARI SUMBER WARISAN GEOLOGI NEGERI JOHOR

Mohd. Fauzi Rajimin @ Jeman, Arda Anasha Jamil & Zakaria HussainJabatan Mineral dan Geosains Johor Tingkat 9, Menara TH,

Jalan Ayer Molek 80000 Johor Bahru, [email protected]

Johore is rich with geological heritage resources that can be classified into the diversity of geology, landscapes, structures and fossils. The combination of geological diversity, biodiversity and the diversity of local cultures and traditions can also be developed as a tourist attraction. A total of 30 potential geosites throughout the state of Johor has been identified as a result of geological heritage resource mapping. Most geosites are concentrated in three regions, namely in the district of Mersing (mostly in Mersing Archipelago), Taman Negara Endau Rompin, Johore and Tanjung Balau,Kota Tinggi. All have high value and some are worth extraordinary. These geosites should be preserved because it is constantly exposed to rapid development. Sustainable development in a holistic manner through nature tourism together with geopark concept can raise Mersing Archipelago and Taman Negara Endau Rompin to national level and right up to international level. While, Tanjung Balau which has outstanding geological structures can be gazetted as a National Geological Heritage Site.


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ORAL SESSION: A26

GEOLOGIC TRAIL TO THE SUMMIT OF BUJANG MELAKA, PERAK: THEIR GEODIVERSITY AND CHALLENGES

Askury Abd Kadir1, Tuan Rusli Muhamad2, SN Fathiyah Jamaludin1, Choong Chee Meng1

1Geosciences Department, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak

2Minerals & Geosciende Department Perak, Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, 31400 Ipoh

The oval-shaped Bujang Melaka granite pluton is located on the eastern slope of the Kinta Valley with an approximate dimension of20x10km. It is a typical example of granite magmatism, which is belong to Main Range batholith. It is mainly composed of S-type biotite granites with narrow compositional range, emplaced into a sequence of Devonian to Lower Permian sediment. The main intrusive phase of the Bujang Melaka is a K-feldspar megacrystic medium-grained biotite granite, showing the characteristics of granite derived from sedimentary parent rock with abundant of metasedimentary enclaves. This extensive outcrop can be observed at Batu Berangkai waterfall, where the starting point for climbing to the summit of Bujang Melaka (1220m).The K-feldspar megacrysts are displayed in various shapes and sizes, such as stubby, equant and prismatic. Besides, the enclaves are scattered around throughout the outcrop at different dimension and shape. The most spectacular structure is a schlieren showing the preferred orientation of megacrysts caused by the ductile shear. The evolved phase of granite isrepresented by non-megacrystic biotite granite and muscovite granite indicated by the increasing tin concentration. This geologic trail will pass through this highly evolved overprinted granite which cover the central part of the pluton. Upon reaching the summit, there is an extensive abandoned mining area, where tin and associated minerals,such as arsenopyrite, pyrite, chalcopyrite, sphalerite, galena, Bi-sulphosalt and Bi-metal,have been mined from lode deposit called as Ulu Petai South mine at the 825m from the sea level. The North-South striking mine edit had shown the richness of tin mineral in the greisen-type mineralization following the same direction. The shape of mining edit is still intact, as it was mined-out in fresh fine-grained tourmaline-muscovite granite. According to record, the mine produced almost 400 tonnes of cassiterite between 1908 and 1929. Bujang Melaka seems to be an interesting and attractive geo-site to be discovered especially for proper geological mapping as the whole cavern en route to conservation.


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ORAL SESSION: A27

KARANGBOLONG GEOHERITAGE:EVOLUTION STORY OF AN ANCIENT VOLCANO

Adi SulaksonoDepartment of Geological Engineering, UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta, Indonesia


Previous study has suggested that the old volcanic arc certainly could not be ignored as a part of the historical framework of Java island formation. It is the important key in understanding how the island of Java has been formed. A Volcanic arc was active in southern Java since at least the early Tertiary. Karangbolong ancient volcano is one of many volcanoes along the arc where many volcanic rocks are well exposed. This volcano is situated in the southern margin of the island, administratively in the southern Central Java Province. The aim of this paper is to explain its volcanic evolution as the most interesting magnetism. It covers morphological studies, rocks observation, ancient volcano reconstruction, and the design of one day paleo-volcano tracking. This paper also introduces the role of advance argillic - acid sulphate deposit on reconstructing an ancient volcano. This forms extensive areas of alteration above the paleowater table related to the condensation and oxidation of gases (H2S), associated with native sulphur deposit. In general, this paper describes three phases of Karangbolong volcano evolution: 1) construction phase of Karangbolong composite cone; 2) destruction phase that form the crescentic feature (type mount St. Helens) with approximately eight kilometers in diameter; 3) construction phase of new volcanic cones; 4) the end of volcanism.


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ORAL SESSION: A28

STONE HERITAGES OF MALAYSIA

Mat Niza bin Abdul Rahman1 & Zakaria bin Hussain2

1Technical Services DivisionMinerals and Geoscience Department Malaysia

2Minerals and Geoscience Department MalaysiaJohor State

Stone heritages described in this paper includes stone structures, stone implements, and stone ornaments of Malaysia with emphasis on their geological significance. This is part of the report written for the CCOP Book Project which will constitute a contribution from East and Southeast Asia to the Global Stone Heritage Resources (GHSR). Stone heritages described are selection of important and representative stone structures/objects found throughout Malaysia consisting of stone tools, gravestones, inscription and commemorative stones, fortresses and chiseled stone. The stone heritages are introduced from the geological, historical and anthropological points of view. Among the stone heritages described are 1.83 million years old stone tools embedded in suevite in Lenggong, Perak; gravestones built in the 18th century in Terengganu; the inscription stone also in Terengganu that proves Islam reached the Malay Peninsular in or before the 14th century; the Dutch inscription stone established during their colonization in Pangkor Island; the oath stone in Sabah that was erected in 1964 to commemorate the formation of Malaysia; commemorative structure that was erected for a Kelabit aristocrat in Bario, Sarawak; the fortress in Melaka built by the Portuguese in 1512; Hindu-Buddhist Temple in Merbok, Kedah built more than 2,000 years ago; the Dutch Fort at Pangkor Island that was constructed in 1670; and chiseled well in Johor dug by the Siamese troop in the 15th Century. In term of geological description, the nature, age, geologic background, source of stone utilized of the stone heritages is described briefly.


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ORAL SESSION: A29CONSERVATION GEOLOGY OF THE PHU HANG NAK AREA, U-THONG DISTRICT, SUPHAN BURI PROVINCE, CENTRAL

THAILAND PRELIMINARY STUDY.

Apitida WasuwatcharapongOffice of Mineral Resources Region 3 (Pathum Thani), Department Mineral Resources,

Pathum Thani, Thailand

Phu Hang Nak geoconservation site is located in U-thong Subdistrict, U-thong District, Suphan Buri Province, central of Thailand. This geoconservation site is belonging to Srisanpetch community forest in the western part of the designated area “U-thong ancient city”. Phu Hang Nak is classified as a famous geo-tourist site based on geological, archeological and ecological diversities. Phu Hang Nak stone park has topography of limestones of Ordovician age. At least 30 geosites were list mainly in structural and morphological geosites. Based on evidences of geological structures in this area, the rocks were affected by compressive and shearing forces in the ductile shear zone. Accordingly, the major folds in this area are associated with minor fold structures e.g., Z (Z-fold), S (S-fold), M (M-fold) structures, faults, joints, and fractures. These geological structures can be found in various places where stress and strain are different including shortening and extension of bedding planes. Limestone was easily eroded and weathered by natural processes such as water and wind, a landscape was formed having shapes similar to anything by imagination of the people and also called by local people such as Giant Monkey guarding the invisible town, Stones shaped like whale with her baby, Heart of the mountain, Map of Thailand, The Emperor’s throne Armchair and etc. The others amazing landscapes were formed by stalactites running down along joints and faults in limestones such as a pleco stalactite, wall of love and elephant with her baby. On the top of the Phu Hang Nak mountain at the view point can see the Quaternary sediment deposits as a floodplains of U-Thong city. Another highlight of this stone park is the ecological diversities, there are lots of local species of the trees and flowers. Archeological evidence is also found in this area, the Dvaravati pagodas around the Phu Hang Nak mountainous area. Importantly, volunteer guides of Phu Hang Nak stone park that are the local people are kindness and always give you a warm welcome. Based on this prominent geological, archeological and ecological diversities mentioned above, the Phu Hang Nak area should be conserved and developed as a geoconservation sites. Recently, Phu Hang Nak stone park is one of geo-tourism site has been supported by the Designated Areas for Sustainable Tourism Administration (Public Organization) by the cooperation of the government agencies, private organization, local people and local administration. To be conserved and developed to the geo-tourism site and geological learning center of Suphan Buri Province and country for the sustainable tourism in the future.


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ORAL SESSION: A30

GOLD GEOHERITAGE AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE MALAYSIAN ENVIRONMENT

Anizan I, Mohd Basril B, and Habibah H.JUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor

Known as the Golden Chersonese, Peninsular Malaysia was known for its rich gold fields since time immemorial. Through the years many have gained economic prosperity through its exploitation without much care for the environment and sustainability. When mining is conducted unsustainably, losses can be incurred on the environment and health. Such activities can be conducted in a more environmentally sustainable manner by developing and integrating practices that mitigates the environmental impact of mining operations. Largely unreported, artisanal scale gold mining are now being conducted in the peninsular and west Malaysia with little or no monitoring. Although government policies and strategies were formulated in part to address the impact of mining on the environment in Malaysia, the problems associated with the impact of gold mining on the environment and health of affected communities, especially at the artisanal scale is not properly addressed. The paper reviews the types of gold extraction and proposes some strategies for sustainable gold mining under artisanal and small scale mining scale in Malaysia. The paper also highlights the need for education and awareness of gold as a national heritage and the importance of sustainable gold mining to ensure the nation’s prosperity.


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CONTRACTIONAL HORSETAIL SPLAY STRUCTURE AT THE TANJUNG PANDAK AND BUKIT PANJI, TERENGGANU

A POTENTIAL HERITAGE SITE.

Achmad Rodhi1, Ibrahim Abdullah2, Sutanto1 and Tajul Anuar Jamaluddin2

1Department of Geology, UPN Veteran, Yogyakarta, Indonesia2Department of Geology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM)

Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

The residual of the natural rock erosion in the Cendering area of Terengganu exhibit a ridge of metamorphic rock is incredible. In geology, preliminary studies indicate that the metamorphic ridge has a close relationship with the local folds pattern and major fault structure in the NNW-SSE trending which has been named as Rhu Rendang fault by Ibrahim Abdullah, et al (2003). The presence of so many meso folds and faults in metamorphic ridges, it shows that this meso folds in the fault system that has developed imbricated and gradually in a relatively long period. This study used detailed research methodology with detailed data acquisition along the ridge. As expected found sufficient data for analysis fault zone, folds and faulted rock. In this detailed trajectory represented 3 blocks of detailed observations, detailed systematic observation focused on selected local area. Field observations show that not at all region have same folds and faults pattern in the ridge. In each block region observation, they usually have several combinations of folds and faults variation. The first block, varies from gently, open, tight to isoclinal folds with fold axes generally gently plunging to the E-W. Their axial surfaces ranging from submoderate to gently dipping and commonly associated with E-W reverse faults. The second block varies from tight to isoclinal folds with fold axes generally steeply plunging to the north or south. They are commonly associated with bedding parallel cleavage (S1). Transposition of layering during deformation is not uncommon and the occurences of high-strain zone of sinistral shear suggest that the deformation were derived from intense NNE-SSW compression with significant dextral transpressive. The third block, always follow system of NNW-SSEsinistral fault and commonly associated with steeply plunging N-S fold. The varies structures in the all blocks is produced by contracttional horsetail splay on sinistral strike-slip system. The physical dimension of the ridge, the geological history of the structures and the aesthetic beauty of panoramic landscape it produced make the Cendering Metamorphic Ridge a unique geoheritage resources not only to Malaysia but also in the world especially for tropical countries where intense weathering will rapidly transform rocks into thick soil in very short time.


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KINTA VALLEY AS AN INSPIRING GEOPARK FROM MALAYSIA

Mohd Shafeea Leman1, Kamaludin Hassan2, Mohd Sidi Daud2, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed2 & Othman Kangsar2

1Geology Programme, Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

2Department of Mineral and Geoscience

During the mid-20th century Kinta Valley was well known as the world largest producer of tin ore, hence mining activities were responsible for much of the early development of the territory. Kinta Valley Geopark possesses beautiful karst landscape rich in geoheritage diversity, biodiversity and culture diversity often related to its historical development. The Geopark covers an area of 1952 square km, comprises of Ipoh City Council, Batu Gajah and Kampar Municipalities. Ipoh City at the centre of this geopark is located about 200km north of Kuala Lumpur. The geopark has population of about 630,000 comprises mainly of three major ethnic races, Malay, Chinese, and Indian, with small population of local natives and other ethnics minorities. More than twenty geosites have been identified, most of which are related to karst landforms, waterfalls, hot springs and ex-mining land areas restoration. These geosites are protected either by Forestry Department Act or by Local Government Ordinance. Gua Tempurung and Gunung Puah geosites are in line to be declared as National Heritage Sites. Gua Tempurung, Sungai Kampar White Water Rafting, Gunung Datok and Gunung Rapat are some of the examples of the geopark’s popular tourist destinations, well known domestically and internationally. Most of these tourism and recreation developments outside of the Forest Reserve are managed by private sectors. Kinta Valley Geopark is well endowed with many historic buildings, museums and townships. It is also very well known for its pomelo, sandalwood and other agricultural products, local handicraft and culinary products which will be tagged and promoted as part of the Geopark products. Several initiatives have been organized to bring all stakeholders together in support of the geopark concept. With all these assets and strong support from the Perak State Government and various stakeholders, Kinta Valley Geopark is seeking to be future Malaysian candidate for global geoparks.


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GEOSITES AND GEOTOURISM POTENTIAL OF PULAU TUBA, LANGKAWI GEOPARK, MALAYSIA.

Kamal Roslan Mohamed1,2, Che Aziz Ali 2, Ibrahim Komoo 1&Tanot Unjah 1

1Langkawi Research Centre Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI)2Faculty of Science & Technology Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

Pulau Tuba is located next to Pulau Dayang Bunting in the southern part of the main island of Langkawi still remains intact and not fully tapped in the sense of tourism industry. Since the Langkawi was developed and promoted by goverment as a major tourist island in Malaysia, Pulau Tuba development lagged behind, while Pulau Dayang Bunting and other areas of the Langkawiare growing rapidly and receive many tourists. Pulau Tuba is made up of Setul Formation, Granite and Quaternary unconsolidated sediments. Setul Formation is the oldest rock in Pulau Tuba, which is around 500-300 million years old (Ordovician to Silurian age ),while the Gunung Raya Granite was around 200 million years old (Late Triassic age). The Setul Formation is predominantly consist of carbonate rocks (limestone and dolomite )with minor amounts of clastic rocks which comprising mudstone, siltstone and sandstone. Granite intrusion have transformed the sequence of the Setul Formations into marble, quartzite and hornfels.Weathering and erosion on this rock unit brought about karst landscapes while Quaternary sediments occupy low land areas at places forming beautiful beaches but in most areas are vagetated by mangrove forest. Pulau Tuba has many sites of geological importance and interest. In the area of karst landscape features such as caves, doline and springs from the cracks of limestone can be found . While in areas adjacent to granite body, boulders can be found in various sizes and shapes sometimes out lining its coastline. At a locality near the former jetty evident of assimilation between granite and limestone can be seen. It was referred to as rare granite sills by previous researchers. So the wide geological diversity (rock and landscape) of Pulau Tuba provide supplementary information about the geological history of the Langkawi archipelago . A long and diverse geological processes have produced many higly significant geoheritage sites in Pulau Tuba. If these sites can be packaged together with biological and cultural resources, Pulau Tuba could become a new tourist destination in future. This paper tries to characterize and assess all heritage resources (geological, biological and cultural) in Pulau Tuba with a hope that its local communities can be more empowered and their livelihood can be improved through the geotourism concept.


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TREE BIODIVERSITY AND CARBON STOCK IN OCEANIC AND ESTUARINE MANGROVES AND PROMOTION OF KUKU HELANG AS AN ICONIC TREE FOR LANGKAWI

ISLAND, MALAYSIA

Tariq Mubarak, H., Ismail, P., Samsudin, M., Noraishah, S. & Ismail, H.Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)

Kepong 52109, [email protected]/[email protected]

Studies were conducted to list mangrove tree species and quantify stock of carbon in Langkawi Island. Sampling plots were established in number of places in Langkawi Island to represent mangroves areas in the sea (oceanic mangrove) and river (estuarine mangrove). Technique and plot design for the carbon stock data collection is using method developed by CIFOR (2012). It is involving data collection of carbon stock for standing trees (above & below ground) and soil carbon. The calculation of the carbon stock in the standing trees is based on allometric function developed by Komiyama et al. (2007). Meanwhile, the soil carbon calculation is based on method developed by LEAF (2014). Plots for the oceanic mangrove are located in Kilim Geoforest Park. Results show that three main species of mangroves recorded are Rhizophora apiculate (Bakau minyak) and Ceriops tagal(Tengar). Nonetheless, biggest stand is belonging to Xylocarpus granatum (Nyireh bunga) with 69.6 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) located in the oceanic mangrove. In terms of carbon stock of above & below ground and soil, oceanic mangrove is holding more with total of 1224.8 tC/ha as compared to the estuarine mangrove with total of 747.6 tC/ha. This paper presents detail results in terms of mangrove species, tree stocking, tree basal area and timber volume, and carbon stock in each site. In addition, Kuku helang (Aegiceras corniculatum) is suggested to be considered as an iconic tree species for Langkawi for its uniqueness and synonym, which is the name, came from an eagle (helang).


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IMPACTS OF URBANIZATION ON GEOLOGICAL LANDSCAPE PATTERN AND CHANGES IN ECOSYSTEM

SERVICE IN LANGKAWI GEOPARK

Azman A Rahman1, Shaharuddin Mohamad Ismail2, Noor Fazamimah Mohd Ariffin3, Abd Manan Samad4

1Centre for Studies Park and Amenity Management, Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying,

Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor.2Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan

Malaysia, 43650 Bangi, Selangor.3Department of Landscape Architecture, Faculty of Design and Architecture

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor. 4Centre of Studies Surveying Science & Geomantic, Faculty of Architecture, Planning

and SurveyingUniversiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor.

[email protected]

Over the centuries, our landscapes have undergone many changes due to profound shifts in cultural, institutional and economic relationships with nature. As population concentrations grew and economic activities intensified, the demand for developed land (e.g., housing, infrastructure, factories, and shopping centers) increased, and the consequent growth in urban areas appeared as “settlement expansion”, or urbanization. Rapid urbanization has resulted in significant alterations in the structure and functions of ecosystems, which are consequently impaired in their capacity to deliver the expected services. Monitoring landscape pattern changes provides an indirect approach for characterizing the ecological consequences of urbanization and changes would influence a variety of ecological processes and functions. However, simple analysis of landscape pattern changes may not provide complete references for landscape planning because it fails to reflect the economic uses of landscapes. Five levels of ecosystem attribute were classified. This paper qualitatively examined urbanization impacts at an eco-regional scale by analyzing landscape pattern and changes in ecosystem service in Langkawi Geopark. Our results showed that the eco-regions exhibited a similar urbanization process of rapid population growth, economic development and urban expansion.

Keywords: Urbanization, Geological Landscape, Ecosystem Service, Langkawi Geopark


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SANDDUNES ECOSYSTEM GEOHERITAGE EFFORTS IN SUGEST AND MANAGEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL

PROTECTION.RECOMMENDATION FOR CONSERVATION AND

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OF SANDDUNES ECOSYSTEM GEOHERITAGE.

Herwin Lukito, Andi SungkowoEnvironmental Engineering Program, Faculty of Mineral Technology, the National

Development University “Veteran” [email protected]/[email protected]

The ecosystem of coast sand dune has characteristics of a typical landscape and interesting also has valuable aspects which is important benefit in scientific, socio-economic and cultural. Furthermore, coast sand dune ecosystem could be able as a barrier against tsunamis and flooding, rain water catchment areas, freshwater saver, and prevent the intrusion of sea water. Interactions and interdependencies that occur in sand dune ecosystems, can lead to environmental degradation. Therefore, it is necessary to conserve and manage to preserve ecosystem functions sandbanks which one - the only one in Indonesia. This paper aims to contribute to the direction in protecting and managing the environment, from the viewpoint of environmental geology. Conservation and management is important to prevent environmental degradation which directed with construction technology, vegetative, and socio-cultural approach.

Keywords: Sand dunes Ecosystems, Environmental Protection and Management


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ORAL SESSION: A37

CHARACTERIZATION AND SEDIMENTOLOGY OF DROPSTONES, WEST MALAYSIA

Mohammad Noor Akmal bin Anuar1, Hassan Baioumy2, Mohd Nawawi1, Yuniarti Ulfa3

1School of Physics, Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), 11800 USM, Penang, Malaysia2Geosciences Department, Faculty of Geosciences and Petroleum Engineering Universiti

Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia3Polytechnic of Geology and Mining Bandung. Jl. Sulaksana 21, Bandung Indonesia


Depositional environment and mechanism of drop stones in Malaysia are still debatable whether they are of glaciomarine or non-glaciomarine in origin. In addition, the source of diamictites in these drop stones isn’t yet known. Therefore, this study was designed to integrate geological, petrographic and mineralogical investigations on some of the drop stones in West Malaysia to examine their origin. In addition, characterization of diamictites in these drop stones can shed the light on the nature and composition of unexposed basement rocks in Malaysia. Field observations in this study indicated the widespread occurred of drop stones in West Malaysia including Langkawi Island and Perlis of Carboniferous-Permian in age. Diamictites in these drop stones occur as rounded grains ranging in size from 1 cm to 5 cm that are scattered both in black shales/claystone and sandstones. Mineralogical and petrographic investigations indicated that these diamictites are composed of granite and quartzite. The host black shales/claystone is composed mainly of illite and kaolinite. The current study suggests that the drop stones in West Malaysia are of glaciomarine origin. Older materials from the Precambrian granitic basement rocks as well as the quartzite from the Cambrian Machinchang sandstones were dragged by glacier to be dropped in both the relatively shallow marine sandstones and deeper claystone and shales. Abundance of black-colored claystone and shales suggests the prevailing of relatively reducing conditions during the formation of these drop stones.


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POSTER SESSION: P01

ROCKFALL AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY AT GUA DAMAI, SELANGOR, MALAYSIA

Ailie Sofyiana Serasa1,2, Goh Thian Lai2, Norbert Simon2, Abdul Ghani Rafek3, Tuan Rusli Mohamed4, Noraini Surip1

1 Chemical & Petroleum Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Technology and Built Environment (FETBE), UCSI University, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur

2 Geology Program, School of Environment and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor

3 Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak

4 Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia, Perak, Jalan Sultan Azlan Shah, 31400 Ipoh, Perak


Rockfalls have a spatial impact on resource conservation and sustainable development. Episodes of rockfall events pose a significant threat in areas where development is being built in close proximity to mountaineous topography.An effective planning and co-ordination is a good starting point in exploringthe probability of rockfall events particularly those of high magnitude. Rockfall risk however, can be minimized by identifiying the key elements to rockfall triggers and classifying them into the rockfall hazard assessment and zoning in order to propose sustainable risk mitigation measures.Due to the needs of rapid urban development in Malaysia, buildings are now being built near limestone cliffs which may be exposed to the risk of rockfalls. Several incidents of rockfall have been recorded in Malaysia where it resulted in fatalities as well as damage to property.With regard to the arising rockfall problem, this paper presents a case study of rockfall zoning at Gua Damai limestone hill, Selangor by using trajectory simulation. In order to investigate the existing conditionsand potential rockfall occurencesof the slopes, rockfall analyses were conducted for three main slope sections S01, S03 and S05which were extrapolated to the entire rock slopes in describing the hazard levels of the limestone hill. From the rockfall trajectory simulation results, distance of high hazard zone, intermediate hazard zone and low hazard zone ranges from 7 m – 11 m, 51 m – 89 m and 59 m – 100 m, respectively. A hazard map was produced based on the rockfall trajectory simulation resultswhich depicted areas that are having different degree of risks against any potential rockfall occurrences.This assessment is expected to be useful inrockfall and sustainable development assessment in Malaysia in quantifying the potential impact of rockfall occurences on human safety and infrastructures.


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POSTER SESSION: P02

GEOLOGY AND FORAMINIFERAL STUDIES OF PAREPARE VOLCANIC FORMATION AT PAREPARE CITY AND SUPPA,

PINRANG, SOUTH SULAWESI, INDONESIA.

Alif Afiq Mohammad1, Rohaya Langkoke2, Budi Rochmanto2 and Hafzan Eva Mansor1

1Geoscience Programme, Faculty of Earth Science, University Malaysia Kelantan (Jeli Campus), Locked Bag No. 100, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan.

2Engineering Geology programme, Faculty of Engineering, University Hasanuddin, Makassar, Indonesia.

[email protected]

The Parepare Volcanic Formation at Parepare City and Suppa, Pinrang, South Sulawesi, Indonesia is lithologically consists of lapilli tuffs, and volcanic breccias with local inserts area trachitic and andesitic lava aged Pliocene and alluvium. The tuff is light to dark brown in colour, and range from ash to lapilli tuff. The brecciated-volcanic comprises igneous as fragment and supported by tuff as matrix. Meanwhile, the trachyte is petrographically consist of plagioclase (11%), biotite (15%), pyroxene (2%) and orthoclase (26%). The study areas also have very complex tectonic settings due to the contact between three tectonic plates which are the Indian-Australian plate, the Pacific plate, the Eurasian plate. In the present study, planktonic and benthonic foraminifera are found in Tanahmili and Tongrageng areas. The tuff in both localities contain well-preserved species of foraminifera, including Globorotalia obesa s.p., Globorotalia tumida s.p., Orbulina universa s.p., Orbulina bilobata s.p., Globigerinoides immaturus s.p., Sphaeroidinella subdehiscens s.p., Elphidium discoidale s.p., Elphidium nautilodium s.p., Bolivina byramensis s.p., Nodogerina laevigata s.p., Nodosarella hologlypta s.p., Elphidium advenum s.p.. The benthonic species indicates shelf and bathyal depositional environment of Parepare Volcanic Formation. Due to the excellent preservation of plantonic and benthonic, the outcrop at Tanahmili and Tongrageng areas are suitable to be proposed as geosite.

Keywords: Foraminifera. Parepare Volcanic Formation


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POSTER SESSION: P03

BUKIT KELUANG: A POTENTIAL NATIONAL HERITAGE AND GEOPARK.

Che Aziz Ali, Kamal Roslan Mohamed & Mohd Shafeea Leman.PPSSSA

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM bangi, Selangor

Bukit Keluang might have been popularly known as a recreational and holiday destination because of its scenic beauty. It cannot be disputed that the area covering from Bukit Keluang Beach down to Bukit Dendong Beach is one of the most beautiful beach in the country with its pristinbe clear water and a long stretch of white sandy beach. Other attractions are a series of sea-caves or rock shelters that exist at several locations facing the South China Sea along the foot of Bukit Keluang, Bukit Dendong and Bukit Bubus. A combination of all these morphological features has produced a stunning panoramic view which cannot be described in words by the visitors. However, most of the visitors of the local communities do not really understand let alone to comprehend the significance of the area in the context of heritage values. In the context of geological heritage Bukit Kelunag complex which comprises there isolated hills namely Bukit Keluang Bukit Bubus and Bukit Dendong was actually a big fanglomerate system which was unconformably deposited in a terrestrial setting on an older and metamorphosed sedimentary sequence. The fanglomerate was most probably formed during the latest part of the Palaeozoic time as indicated by numerous plant fossils. It is supposedly the oldest fanglomerate system in the country consisting of a complete sequence ranging from boulder beds grading into conglomerate, conglomeratic sandstone, pebbly sandstone, sandstone and finally silty mudstone. Petrographic studies reveal that the rocks are tuffaceous in nature where matrix and grains are of volcanic origin. In some places volcanic ass fall can be seen forming pseudo-concretion structures within sandstone beds this indicates that the deposition was contemporaneous with volcanic activities during the end of Palaeozoic time. The place has become a classic area for teaching and learning among universities students and lecturer. From the heritage point of view Bukit Keluang area is very significant in term of scientific, culture, aesthetic and recreation. Therefore it is very highly recommended to be preserved, conserved and protected as a national heritage. There also have very high potential for geotourism activities if it can be correctly packaged and promoted through the geopark concept.


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POSTER SESSION: P04

GUNUNG JERAI: POTENSI WARISAN DAN GEOPARK

Che Aziz Ali1 & Kamal Roslan Mohamed 1, 2

1Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Universiti kebangsaan Malaysia 43600 UKM bangi, Selangor

2Institut Alam Sekitar dan Pembangunan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor

Geologically Gunung Jerai area is underlain mainly quartzite, hornfels, quartz porphiry and granite oif which have been intensely cut by numerous tectonic structures such as faults of various scales and joints. Apart from rock types and structures Gunung Jerai is also rich in minerals such as garnet, tourmaline, feldspar and other economic minerals including tin and iron. Archeological evidents of iron smelting industry in the area show that geological resources played important role in the livelihood of the people not only now but also in the past. The richness in geological diversity might have attracted people in the to develop their civilisation around the mountain as evidents by the presence of many other archeological sites and the artifacts within the perimeter of Gunung Jerai area. Way back the geodiversity has also created unique morphologies and landscapes. The majestic height of Gunung Jerai relative to its surroundings allowed seafarers to use the mountain as a navigational point more than 1500 years ago. History of mining together with the richness of the tradition and culture make Gunung Jerai a very potential site to become national heritage and national geopark.


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POSTER SESSION: P05

SYSTEMATIC GEOHERITAGE STUDY OF LABUAN ISLAND, MALAYSIA

Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin, Hafzan Eva Bt. Mansor, Arham Muchtar Achmad Bahar, Siti Syaza Aiman Bt. Seh Wali, Mohammad Muqtada Ali

Khan, Elveanne JamesGeoscience Programme, Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, UMK

Jeli Campus, Locked Bag No. 100, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, MalaysiaCorresponding author: [email protected]

The Labuan Island in East Malaysia has many geological attractions with geoheritage values. Systematic study on the new list of geoheritage siteshas been conducted in the island through some general phases including of inventory, characterization, classification, assessment, and evaluation in seven potential geoheritage sites: Tanjung Punei Beach, turbidite outcrops in Kampung Bebuloh, Tanjung Batu Beach, Tanjung Layang-layangan Beach, Labuan mud volcanoes in Kampung Layang-layangan, coal-bearing strata and oil seepages in Kampung Ganggarak, and historical coal mining site in Tanjung Kubong (Kubong Bluff).Detailed characterization and classification showed that these potential geoheritage sites were studied based on their geodiversity such as distinctive rocks (petrologicalsites), landform/landscape features (geomorphological sites), and fossil occurrences (paleontological sites). Other sites were based on some unique processes/phenomena such as mud volcanoes and oil seepages. These geological sites range between small to medium scales. For the assessment, these resources have some geoheritage values such as scientific (and educational), aesthetic, recreational, cultural, economic, and functional values, with the local level of significance. Geoheritage evaluation was conducted to this area to determine the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of its potential geoheritage resources as well as to propose some types of geoheritage conservation such as geosite and geomorphosite. All these sites should be conserved and developed, not only for research and education, but also to support geotourism development in the island.

Keywords: Geoheritage, inventory, characterization, classification, assessment, evaluation, Labuan Island.


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POSTER SESSION: P06

BUKIT JUGRA: THE LANDSCAPE GEOHERITAGE POTENTIAL IN SELANGOR, MALAYSIA

Habibah Jamil & Marilah SarmanSchool of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and

Technology,Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

[email protected]

Bukit Jugra is located in Kuala Langat, Selangor, at the latitude of 02o50.1’N and longitude 101o25.1’E. Bukit Jugra geosite is situated approximately three kilometers from the coastal line, of which the 242 meters height and 2 square kilometers hill is surrounded by an alluvial plain. Bukit Jugra is highly potential for geoheritage site in the state of Selangor with cultural, religion, recreational and scientific values. The Bukit Jugra vicinity serve as a landmark for the 19th century Selangor Sultanate, of which the historical site such as Istana Jugra and Makam Diraja are remain at the hill. The observatory station at the hill serves to sight the Ramadhan new moon, and to determine the date of Muslim’s festivals. The mosque, and the Hindu and Buddhist temples are also found at the hill. Bukit Jugra is an important international paragliding venue due to its unique topography. Bukit Jugra constitutes stock of porphyritic biotite granite dominated by quartz, plagioclase and K-feldspar, besides minor occurrence of biotite and muscovite. The granitic body has been cut by quartz veins, joints and faults. Most of the rocks have been intensely weathered into yellowish brown soil. Granite characterization of Bukit Jugra is crucial because it may helps in identification of the rocks used as tomb stones in Makam Diraja. The alluvium surrounded Bukit Jugra is covered with mangrove vegetation, oil palm plantation and settlement area. During the mid-Holocene high stand, the area was inundated by sea, and the hill serves as an island in the Strait of Malacca. When the sea level regressed into the present datum, Bukit Jugra has shifted inland, surrounded by the marine alluvial deposits. The alluvium constitutes greenish gray silt and mud, containing bivalve shells and salt water diatom species (polyhalobous).


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POSTER SESSION: P07

EDUCATIONAL VALUE OF LANDSLIDES IN KUNDASANG, SABAH

Kamilia Sharir1, Norbert Simon1, Rodeano Roslee2

1School of Environment and Natural Resources Sciences, Faculty of Science & Technology,

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.2School of Science & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, UMS Road, 88400 Kota

Kinabalu, Sabah, [email protected]

Landslide can occur due to human activities or by natural causes. Although landslide prone area is considered as unsafe, this area gives an opportunity for the public to learn how human and nature interactions will affect this area; positively or negatively. The focus of this study is to examine how a landslide prone area can be an educational medium to create awareness on the relationship between landslide, nature and human activities. The studies were conducted within Kundasang, Sabah, an area which lies on a SW-NE trending normal fault. Based on aerial photographs available, a total of 44 landslides were identified from the year 1984 and 2012 datasets. From the aerial photograph interpretation, the landslides can be classified into two types, namely as slide and flow. From the initial finding, most of the landslides that occurred in this area are related to natural causes, such as rainfall and geological processes. However, although most landslides occurred naturally in this area, few of them occurred due to human modified terrain for agriculture and tourism purposes. This study suggests that the Kundasang area can be utilized as landslide educational area as both natural and man-made landslides occurred in the same place.

Keywords: Landslide, inventory data, scientific value, geohazard


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POSTER SESSION: P08

THE JURA-CRETACEOUS OF MALAYSIA: THE RECENT FINDINGS AT MOUNT GAGAU, MALAYSIA.

Khor Wei Chung1, Hamlee bin Ismail2, Mohd Shafeea bin Leman3, Kamal Roslan Mohamed3, Mat Niza bin Abdul Rahman2, Meor Hakif bin Hassan4,

and Muhammad Ashahadi Dzulkafli3

1Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak D. Ridzuan, Malaysia.

2Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia, Federal Government Office, Bangunan Tabung Haji, Jalan Tun Razak, Malaysia.

3Universiti Kebansaan Malysia, Jalan Reko, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.4Universiti Malaya, Jalan Universiti, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Kuala

Lumpur, [email protected]

The aim of this paper is to share the recent discovery found at this area. This study reveals the presence of seven lithofacies of the Lutong Sandstone Formation; 1) Pebbly Sandstone; 2) Cross Bedded Sandstone; 3) Planar Cross Bedded; 4) Low Angle Cross Bedded; 5) Parallel Laminated Sandstone; 6) Massive Sandstone; and, 7) Thinly Interbedded Sandstone and Mudstone. However, the conglomeratic beds as described by Rishworth (1974) is not observed. The Parallel Laminated Sandstone beds are associated with the Mesozoic plant fossils, namely; 1) Cordaitales sp.; 2) Cladophlebis sp.;3) Arthrophytes; 4) Conifer trunk; 5) Gleichenioides gagaunensis; 6) Frenolopsis sp..The trace fossils; believed to be dinosaur footprints, and the iguanodontid tooth were also discovered in the ex-situ sandstones and pebbly sandstone (boulders). The sandstone boulders are found along Cicir River and are interpreted to be transported from the Lotong Sandstone further upstream. This paper gives an overview of the locality and its findings.

Keywords: Gagau Group, plant fossils, footprints


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POSTER SESSION: P09

THE STUDY OF GEOLOGICAL AND GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS FOR KUALA LUMPUR EAST PARK NEAR

GENTING KLANG QUARTZ RIDGE SELANGOR

Mohd Rozi Umor1, Norbert Simon1, Goh Thian Lai1 and Sharifah Mastura Syed Abdullah2

1Geology Program, School of Environmental and Earth Resources, Faculty of Science and Technology, National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, SELANGOR,

MALAYSIA2Institute of Climate Change, National University of Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor,

Malaysia

The Geological and Geotechnical aspects play an important part in identify the KL East Park as value able ecopark in Kuala Lumpur area. The concept of the KL East Park is introduced to shift a paradigm in the utilization of natural resources without destruction. The proposed KL East Park area is located near Genting Klang Quartz Ridge which is a famous location for hiking where ones can get a beautiful panoramic view of Kuala Lumpur city. The type of rock within our study area consists of rock from Hawthornden Schist Formation. The objectives of our study are to identify the location of rock exposure that can be established as observation point and inventories of rock exposures. For the aesthetic value, the unique features related to rock exposure were identified. We also conducted topographic analysis and land surface character analysis using GIS. The kinematic stability analysis of rock expose based on joints and fractures readings was also conducted. The rock exposures can be observed along rivers and streams especially at water falls. This KL East Park has a high value and can be developed as ecopark regarding to rock type varieties, types of quartz vein, the unique formation of small waterfalls and ponds, occurrence of beautiful crystal of quartz and other features such as good foliation of schist, fracture and joints. The topographic study show the proposed site is is located on a high topographic area and has low to moderate geotechnical constraint.The kinematic stability analysis also revealed that the study area is stable with no potential failure mode. We proposed the Sime Darby to develop the proper trail along the river bank for visitor. Every localities that we mentioned need to be maintained in its original condition. Information panels and signboards are needed to explain their uniqueness and importantance. Sample of rock and quartz crystal can be displayed in a gallery.


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POSTER SESSION: P10

SELANGOR GOMBAK (KLANG GATES) QUARTZ DYKE AS A POTENTIAL WORLD HERITAGE SITES CANDIDATE

FROM MALAYSIA

Mohd Shafeea Leman1, 2, Achmad Rodhi1 and Lim Choun Sian2

1Geology Programme, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor2Institute for Environment and Development, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi,

Selangor

Selangor Gombak (or previously known as Klang Gates) quartz dyke is an elongated ridge extended to about 14km in 105o-285o direction exposing more than 6km of quartz body. It is mainly located in the Gombak District of Selangor State, extended a little into the Hulu Langat District. The ridge is undulated forming several hills with Bukit Tabor (534m) as it highest peak rising up to 200m above the Kuala Lumpur plain with width ranges from 10-50m wide. It is categorically a single pure quartz dyke (without other minerals or branches), consisting of various types and generations of smaller quartz veins with different mineralogy, petrology, texture and metamorphic associations. Quartz occurs either as crystalline quartz in veins (with comb structure) and vugs (with rosette structure), massive or as mylonite and cataclasite. Some rare metamorphic and granite xenoblasts are also found entrapped within the cataclasitic quartz. The Selangor Gombak quartz dyke is part of the Kuala Lumpur fault system that cut all other rocks in Kuala Lumpur area, hence interpreted to have been formed after the final emplacement of the Main Range granite. At least four different generations of veins were identified forming at different directions, angles and attitudes. From prominent strike modes of these vein lineaments it can be interpreted that this giant quartz dyke has been produced by two maximum horizontal stresses acting along 065o and 090o that were responsible for the Late Triassic orogeny, and were still active for quite sometimes after the emplacement of the granitoids. Later differential weathering has been responsible in producing outstanding ridge geomorphology with nearly vertical, in places overhanging walls with irregular peak and columns resembling those of typical limestone karst morphology. The ridge stands proudly above the granite with collovial deposits of mixed granitic soils - quartz boulders formed its foot slopes. For its outstanding geological lanscape and unique geological history the Selangor Gombak Quartz Ridge perhaps is Malaysian’s potential candidate for the UNESCO World Heritage Sites under Criteria VII and VIII.


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POSTER SESSION: P11

A PRELIMINARY STABILITY ASSESSMENT USING LINEAMENT DENSITY TECHNIQUE ON CULTURAL HOTSPOTS IN LIMESTONE HILLS, KINTA VALLEY,

MALAYSIA

Muhammad Fahmi Abdul Ghani1, Norbert Simon1, Goh Thian Lai1 & Abd. Ghani Rafek2

1Geology Programme Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

2Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750, Tronoh, Perak, Darul Ridzuan

[email protected]

Natural limestone hills add an astounding natural beauty to the landscape due to their unique features known as mogote. However, often, the presence of extensive joints and fractures in the limestone hills that may resulted in rockfall may pose danger to humans and property. The focus of this study is to assess the stability condition using remote sensing on five limestone hills in the Kinta Valley that are well known as tourist spots. These are Gunung Rapat, Gunung Tempurung, Gunung Kandu and Gunung Lang. Gunung Rapat is a place of worship and the other three hills are famous for their caves and recreational sites. Lineament mapping on four of the hills is done by applying the Robinson (unweighted) 5 x 5 filter on Landsat ETM+. Subsequently, the lineament map is then converted into density map based on a 100m x 100m grid and later was classified into three classes based on the sum of lineaments length: High (> 84.23)m, moderate (84.22 – 46.83)m and low (< 46.82)m. The result shows that, the four hills fall into the moderate density group, which indicates that these hills is in fair condition but still need proper attention for several location of the hills maybe unstable.


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POSTER SESSION: P12

CULTURAL MATERIAL OF IRON INDUSTRY AT SUNGAI BATU, BUJANG VALLEY: POTENTIAL AS A GEOHERITAGE

SITE.

Naizatul Akma Mokhtar, Mokhtar Saidin & Jeffrey AbdullahPusat Penyelidikan Arkeologi Global,

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 [email protected]/ [email protected]/ [email protected]

This paper discussed the potential of the iron industry sites at Sungai Batu as a geoheritage site based on cultural and scientific value. Discovery of 17 iron smelting sites, dated back to 6th century BC till 15th century AD, with findings such as iron artefacts, remaining of furnaces, tuyeres, iron ore and slags made these archaeological sites a potential tourism destination. The presence of furnace and abundance of tuyere made of clay and the different type of iron ore clearly shows that community at Sungai Batu equipped the knowledge to acquire the geology material around them. The scientific method such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) have proven iron ore that were used for smelting was mined from Kg. Sg Batu Besi and area around Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) which is about 3km from the site. Besides, clay from the ancient rivers was used to made tuyere, furnace as well as brick for brick- structured site discovered from this area as well. These findings have given a big impact regarding protohistory data in Malaysia. Action to be taken regarding the conservation and preservation of iron- smelting site at Sungai Batu, Bujang Valley, alongside with location where iron ore was extracted shall be discussed in the following article.


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POSTER SESSION: P13

GUA BAMA AS PROSPECTIVE PERMIAN-TRIASSIC BOUNDARY SITE AND CANDIDATE FOR NATIONAL

GEOLOGICAL HERITAGE

Nelisa Ameera Mohamed JoeharryFakulti Sains Dan Teknologi

43600 Ukm BangiSelangor.

[email protected]

Permian-Triassic transition 252.6 million years ago is marked by the largest mass extinction in the Earth history which had wipe out more than 90% marine species and 70% vertebrate families. The Permian Triassic Boundary (PTB) which documented this most pronounced extinction event is defined by the appearance of conodont Hindeodus parvus at GSSP Meishan section in Changsing Geopark, China. Despite decades of searching for PTB section in Malaysia, the precise location have not yet been identified. Gua Bama located in Lipis district, Pahang have been known to be the best candidate which might harbour the widely-sought PTB for it displays strata ranges from Upper Permian to Triassic. Presence of Late Permian brachiopods, colaniellid foraminifera, conodonts Hindeodus, Iranognathus, Clarkina, and the latest discovery of rugose coral at the base of Gua Bama, coupled with finding of Triassic nautilloid Sibyllonautilus bamaensis Sone on top of Gua Bama confirms the age range. However, the question of whether Gua Bama is a fully conformable section despite the region exposure to the Indosinian Orogeny during Late Permian until Late Triassic, is still remain to be answered. The ongoing quest to find Malaysian first confirmed PTB continues as ongoing systematic sampling and analyses are being carried out in order to observe any changes or variations which might pinpoint to the location of PTB in Gua Bama.


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POSTER SESSION: P14

QUATERNARY DEPOSITION: CONTRIBUTION TO PALEOLITHIC PEOPLE IN LENGGONG VALLEY

Nor Khairunnisa Talib, Jeffrey Abdullah & Mokhtar SaidinPusat Penyelidikan Arkeologi Global,

Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 [email protected]/ [email protected]/ [email protected]

Lenggong Valley is familiar to Malaysian archaeologist, especially for Paleolithic study. Since the technology practiced by the Paleolithic society is based on stone tools, this explained why, gravel used to be an important raw material for making stone tool. Studies conducted in Lenggong show that the Paleolithic communities of Lenggong Valley were using gravel deposits which was formed during the Quaternary. The gravel deposits have also been used as stone tool workshop by the Paleolithic society. The basin between these two ranges suggests that the early formation of Perak River are formed as a result of a large ancient river system from north to south around the Pleistocene, which made a huge impact on the source of Quaternary sediments. This is proven by the discovery of many gravelly locations throughout the river basins, which are Bukit Jawa, Temelong, Kota Tampan and Bukit Bunuh. Most gravel rocks encountered are quartzite and quartz, originated from Kroh Formation and Baling Group. Quaternary sediments resulting from the flow of the ancient river is also an important factor in the continues migration of prehistoric community to Lenggong Valley, starting from the Pleistocene to early Holocene. This discovery will indirectly contribute to the interpretation of early human migration in Southeast Asia. As a result, those gravel sites are very important to be maintained in order to acquire more evidence and understanding of the archeology and geoheritage, in Malaysia, particularly in Lenggong.


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POSTER SESSION: P15

GEOLOGY AND PETROGRAPHY OF BUKIT SUSU DARA, JELI, KELANTAN.

Nur Arifah Rashidi, Elvaene James, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan, Hamzah Hussin & Zaitul Zahira Ghazali

Programme Geoscience,Faculty of Earth Science,

University Malaysia Kelantan,Locked No. 100, Jeli,

17600 [email protected]

Bukit Susu Dara is a 440m mountain peak at Jeli, Kelantan Malaysia. This mountain located behind of University Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus. The mountain are named due to its shape of landform that resembles chest of a women. In this mountain, the types of rock that were identified are igneous rock, specifically hornblende granite porphyry and granite. The texturse for granite porphyry are phaneritic and porphyritic. While for the granite is phaneritic. Minerals contained in the rock are majority hornblende, alkali feldspar, plagioclase, biotite, and quartz. At this mountain, pegmatite and aplite vein can also be observed in this area. The vein consists infilling tensional joints, fractures and erosional features. Geogically, Bukit Susu Dara is a very interesting geosite with massive igneous rock that clearly showed its origin and processes. From the perspective of geoheritage, the contribution of the mountain suggest that its value must be preserved and conserved to become a local geosite in Jeli, Kelantan.

Keywords: granite porphyry, granite, petrography


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POSTER SESSION: P16

THE AESTHETICAL VALUE AND THE DISTRIBUTION OF PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE OF METAMORPHISM IN

BUKIT LAWAR, JELI, KELANTAN

Nur Suhaddah Mustaffa, Elvaene James, Mohammad Muqtada Ali Khan, Hamzah Hussin & Zaitul Zahira Ghazali




Metamorphism of rock associated with increasing of pressure and temperature. Due to the metamorphism, the rock chemical and mineral alteration occurs. In Bukit Kg. Lawar, Jeli, Kelantan, the presence of different types of metamorphic rocks which are mica schist and gneiss showed that there are highly potential to identify the distribution of pressure and temperature in that area. The protolith of mica schist is a sedimentary rock while for the gneiss is granite. The mineral assemblages studied in the different metamorphic rock indicated the distribution of pressure and temperature. In addition, the geologic features of metamorphic rock in this area which showed the texture of transition from igneous into metamorphic rock give an appealing to the aesthetical value. An intrusion of leucogranite also can be seen in the study area and xenolith of gneiss exist inside the leucogranite. The appearance of the xenolith also one of the aesthetic value in this area.

Keywords: gneiss, schist, aesthetic value, xenolith.


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POSTER SESSION: P17

A POTENTIAL GEOHERITAGE SITE: SHELL BANK AT SINGKIR LAUT, YAN, KEDAH, MALAYSIA

Nur Susila Md. Saaid1, Siti Nursalwa Pazil2, Siti Nooramiza Wahab2, Mohd

Alif Nasir2 & Che Aziz Ali3

1Jabatan Mineral & Geosains Malaysia2Universiti Malaysia Kelantan

3Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia [email protected]/[email protected]

Kampung Singkir Laut is located in southern Kedah. This potential geoheritage site lies between the coordinate of 264 520 E and 634 421 N. The area is about 1.5 km from Tanjung Jaga, Yan District. It is accessible through the main road with the distance about 7.8 km from Yan Besar, 24.5 km, from Sungai Petani and 50 km from Alor Setar. The geology of the area comprises of schist and quartzite of the Jerai Formation. The large amount of sea shells accumulated during the ancient high sea-level. This shells deposit formed an ancient coastal terrace. The fine marine sand and shells made a huge bank covers more than 100 m2. The shell bank is loose and can be found below the KEMAS building. The elevation of the shell bank deposit is about 5 m above the current sea level with the thickness of 40 cm and dated to be 5600 years. The present shoreline is located about 1 km to the west. The accumulations of the current sea shells are relatively smaller than an ancient species. Recent bivalve shells of Tegillarca granosa and Geloina ceylonica, Vokesimurex elensis gastropod and Placuna placenta oyster can be found along the beach while many species of bivalve, gastropods and oyster were found at the ancient shell bank of Singkir Laut area. Twelve species have been identified: Tegillarca granosa, Geloina ceylonica, Amblychilepas crusis, Gari depressa, Littoridina sphinctostoma, Ostrea stentina, Saccostrea cucullata, Persististrombus coronatus, Ponocyclus sp., Turritella kiiensis and Mya arenaria. Comparison have been made between the shells of Pulau Langkawi, Kedah, western Thailand and Japan. The age of these shells gives significant identity of the Singkir Laut Area as a new reference location for the sea level changes of the Peninsular Malaysia. Large variety of shells is also beneficial as a subject for the school children and university students. None of the signage set up at the exposure presently. This geoheritage site will be set up to acknowledge the public and the residence from the town nearby.


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POSTER SESSION: P18

STUDY OF GEO-ECONOMIC AND DISASTER POTENTIAL OF YAPEN ISLAND-YAPEN REGION, PAPUA PROVINCE-

INDONESIA

Premonowati1, Dwinoviar Aditya, ST2, Ridho Astrianto, ST, Hamdan2, Betano Medi Putra, ST2

1Dept. of Geological Engineering-UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta 2Graduates of Dept. of Geological Engineering-UPN “Veteran” Yogyakarta

Thematic surface mapping on Yapen Island the northeastern most part of Indonesia has done to know geo-economic potential of mineral resources and disaster potential, likes landslides, earthquake and tsunami for eastern area. The priority study is focused in District of Angkaisera, Rainbawi, Yapen Timur dan Teluk Ampimoi. Morphologically, it is consists of karst hilly, valley-hills; fluvial and beach. Stratigraphically in East Yapen, starts of Yapen Formation, with Manupang and Ambai Member of Andesitic lava; then unconformably covered by Limestone of Wurui Formation; after that is covered by Sandstone and the last coral limestone of Holocene to resent in age. The mostly complicated structural is faulted and joint with W-E and NW-SE direction. Mineral resources likes andesite, limestone and sandstone, claystone should be developed to build cement factory in Yapen Island. Minerals has preserved likes tin, zinc, nickel, and iron sands. A very broadly and thick of andesites and limestone distribution has indicated widely volcanic arc, either platform. The disaster potential likes earthquake and tsunami from surrounding Pacific Ocean. The estimates reserve of andesite is more than 30.363 million tonage; sandstone 4.712 million tonage; and limestone is more 13,441 million tonage, claystone is presented intercalation of sandstone. District of Angkaisera and East Yapen, the samples has analyzed the content of Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Al, Phospor, Cu and water; District of Teluk Ampimoi, the samples is analyzed of content of Ca, Mg and water; District of Rainbawi, the samples has analyzed of silica content and water. The selected mining area for cement material has proposed in District of Teluk Ampimoi, East Yapen and Rainbawi. Based on topography, the landslides area intensively has focused in District Angkaisera and Ampimoi, however Rainbawi is more danger for tsunami. So the musterpoint has conducted in the southern hills of shoreline.



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Abstrak

Pemetaan tematik di wilayah Kepulauan Yapen dengan metode pemetaan permukaan mengenai potensi geo-ekonomi yakni sumber daya mineral juga potensi rawan bencana seperti longsoran dan kegempaan yang tinggi lebih diprioritaskan dilakukan di wilayah timur. Wilayah ini meliputi, distrik Angkaisera, Rainbawi, Yapen Timur dan Teluk Ampimoi. Secara morfologi, terdiri atas bentuk lahan perbukitan karts, lembah-perbukitan, dataran sungai dan pantai. Stratigrafi Wilayah Yapen Timur, dimulai dengan Formasi Yapen tersusun Anggota Manupang dan Anggota Ambai, berupa Satuan Andesit; secara tidak selaras ditutupi oleh Batugamping Formasi Wurui, selanjutnya ditutupi oleh Satuan Batupasir dan terakhir batugamping koral berumur Holosen-Resen. Struktur geologi terutama pensesaran dan kekar sangat komplek umumnya berarah Barat-Timur dan Baratlaut-Tenggara. Potensi sumber daya mineral antara lain andesit, batugamping dan batupasir serta batulempung yang dapat dikembangkan untuk membangun pabrik-pabrik pengolahan seperti pabrik semen Portland. Mineral yang terdapat di Pulau Yapen berupa mineral timah, mineral seng, mineral nikel, pasir besi. Potensi andesit dan basalt sangat luas dan tebal mengindikasikan zona jalur volkanik, didukung dengan pensesaran cukup rapat sehingga menjadi wilayah dengan kegempaan tinggi bahkan rawan tsunami. Perhitungan cadangan untuk potensi tereka pada andesit sebesar 30.363 juta ton; batupasir sebesar4.712 juta ton; dan batugamping sebesar 13,441 juta ton, batulempung merupakan sisipan dalam satuan batupasir sehingga presentasenya tidaklah terlampau besar. Distrik Angkaisera dan Yapen Timur dilakukan analisa kandungan Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Al, Phospor, Cu dan kadar air; Distrik Teluk Ampimoi dilakukan analisa kandungan Ca, Mg dan kadar air; Distrik Rainbawi dilakukan analisa kandungan silika dan kadar air. Pemilihan zona penambangan aktif bahan/material semen, terutama di Distrik Teluk Ampimoi, Yapen Timur dan Rainbawi. Berdasarkan zona longsoran lebih intensif diperhatikan di Distrik Angkaisera dan Ampimoi, sedangkan Rainbawi lebih rawan pada bencana tsunami, maka ditentukan Musterpoint di wilayah perbukitan di selatannya.



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POSTER SESSION: P19

THE UNIQUE FEATURES AND ECOTOURISM POTENTIAL OF GUNUNG RENG, JELI, KELANTAN.

Priyadarshini Karunanadi, Elvaene James, Hafzan Eva Mansor, Arham Muchtar Achmad Bahar & Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin.




Jeli district is well known for its many beautiful geological landscapes and precious earth materials. Gunung Reng is one of the fascinating landscape that exhibit many unique features of the geological form such as karst topography and the significant cave system within the formation. Gunung Reng situated within Jeli district, along East-West Highway in the north-western corner of Kelantan. The aim of this paper is present the unique features and ecotourism potential that occur in the area. Gunung Reng is actually a mogote hill which is an isolated steep-sided residual hill and surrounded by nearly flat alluvial plains. These features exhibits the potential to be an ecotourism area also where nearby the hill there is a river known as Sungai Pergau flowing through the flat alluvial plain which significantly proves that the area as suitable ecotourism landmark in Jeli district. Observation, geological mapping and description have been carried out to establish the ecotourism site within Jeli. Gunung Reng consist of meta-sedimentary which is metamorphosed limestone situated on the intrusive body of granitic rocks and surrounded quaternary alluvial deposit. The area is surrounded by residential area with few facilities such food stalls, community hall, parking lot, playground, as well as public toilets. Gunung Reng should be conserved and developed in order to maintain and protect the unique features as well as nature of the area while strengthening the ecotourism development in Jeli district.

Keywords: Ecotourism, Gunung Reng, Jeli, metamorphosed limestone


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POSTER SESSION: P20

GEOHERITAGE VALUES OF GUA TOKONG SWEE NYET, GUA MUSANG, KELANTAN: A PRELEMINARY STUDY FOR

POTENTIAL GEOSITE

Siti Noramira Suhami, Hafzan Eva Mansor, and Dony Adriansyah Nazaruddin

Geoscience Programme, Faculty of Earth Science, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, UMK Jeli Campus, Locked Bag No. 100, 17600 Jeli, Kelantan, Malaysia

Corresponding author’s: [email protected]

Gua Tokong Swee Nyet (GTSN) is located at Kampung Pulai, Gua Musang, Kelantan is lithologically consists of massive and brecciated limestone, interbedded with argillaceous of Musang Formation aged Permian to Triassic. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the geoheritage values of GTSN to be conserved. This systematic study will concern several phases including inventory, characterization, classification, assessment, and evaluation of the site. For assessing its geoheritage values, the characteristics of scientific (and educational), aesthetic, recreational, cultural, economic, and functional values of GTSN is determined. GTSN consists of interconnected of four chambers resulting from the process of dissolution. Its inner deposits testify to remarkable speleology development, sedimentologic, and paleoclimatic vicissitudes occurred since 280-210 Ma thus giving a scientific/educational value for this site. Several columns resulting by the unions of stalactites and stalagmites also observed. Other than that, GTSN is a stunning Buddhist temple located inside, by which the isolation of the area serves to intensify the spiritual connection experienced by visitors. These characteristics highlight the value of cultural, recreational and functional to GTSN. Kampung Pulai and GTSN in specific was the first settlement of Hakka Chinese community in Kelantan in 14 century, and this area was rebuilt in 1971 after burned by Japenese invaders. The two chronological events thus enhance its historical values. Aesthetical value of GTSN is depicted by natural lake, mountainous views, and statues of gods and goddesses of Buddha’s. Based on qualitative and quantitative analysis, the GTSN can be classified as a geosite with local level of significance.

Keywords: Geosite, geoheritage values, qualitative and quantitative analysis.


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POSTER SESSION: P21

LANDSCAPE ASSESSMENT FOR CONSERVATION: CASE STUDY ON MINING SITE

Tanot UnjahInstitute for Environment and Development (LESTARI)

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia43600 Bangi [email protected]

Landscape assessment is another approach in valuing geosite under landform or landscape classification. This study is looking the assessment of geoheritage from landform diversity using scientific approach. Systematic assessment for landform diversity is important as numbers of identified geosite in the country are under this group. The study took another step in valuing geosite from listing the criteria’s to give a quantitative result for conservation purposes. Assessment is still emphasize on scientific value with minimal on the cultural, recreational and aesthetic value. Thus this assessment is based on the specific group mainly geoscientist. The scientific criteria for assessment are the significant and vulnerability. Significant are based on their representativeness, key locality, published scientific literature, integrity, geodiversity and rareness. The significant value of scientific is classified into three groups known as unique, rare and important geological features. Meanwhile the vulnerability are based on fragility of geological element, proximity to potential damaging area, present protection status, accessibility and population density of the area. The vulnerability is classified into 4 main groups known as critical, high, medium and low risk. Each of these scientific criteria was given a value from 1to 5 according to their importance. The scientific value took 70% of the value while other values are 10% each. Their criteria are based on some establishes valuing system and being modified to add the geological element. Specific study was carried out on the mining landscape or landform.

Keywords: assessment, geoheritage, mining geosite, malaysia


The Institute for Environment and Development (LESTARI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) and the Organising Committee of the Regional Geoheritage Conference 2015: Borderless Geoheritage - Enriching Regional Geotourism would like to thanks the following:

1. Collaborators2. Sponsors3. Keynote speakers4. Oral presenters5. Poster presenters6. Participants

There are many others that made this Regional Geoheritage Conference a success and organiser apologizes for those who are not mentioned.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Editors Prof. Dr. Che Aziz Ali Prof. Dr. Mohd Shafeea Leman ......Mohamed & Othman Kangsar. Title:...

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