BIM en GIS interoperabiliteit

STUMICO bijeenkomst April 2014

Jakob Beetz

TU/e, DDSS, DS

Unit Urban Science and Systems

Agenda

• Waar willen we heen? Doel BIM/GIS integratie

• Hoezo zijn we er nog niet?

• BIM en GIS in een notendoop

• BIM / GIS integratie: Conceptuele problemen

• Lopende (onderzoeks-)ontwikkelingen en initiatieven

• Zoom in op 3DSDI project / Havenbedrijf Rotterdam, TUD & TU/e

BIM/GIS visie: Waar willen we heen?

BIM/GIS/+ visie: Waar willen we heen?

• Mens, geografie, bouwwerk, infrastructuur, kunstwerk in de context “in kart brengen”

• Analyseren, informeren, plannen, simuleren, afstemmen, besluiten, beheren, onderhouden, beschermen

• Land, regio, landschap, wijk, buurt, straat, bouwwerk, bouwdeel

• Verleden, heden, toekomst

• Object-georienteerd, meerdimensionaal, door verschillende lenzen, gekoppeld

• Makkelijk, toegankelijk, goedkoop, veilig

Source: “The Powers of Ten”, 1977, Eames and Eames

sourc

e:

National In

stitu

te o

f Buid

ling

Scie

nces

BIM/GIS visie: Wat is nodig?

Geographic Information (GML)

[OGC / ISO 19100]

Infrastructural Information (LandXML,

TransXML, OKSTRA etc.)

Building Information

(IFC)

buildingSMART / ISO 16739, ISO 12006-3, STEP

?

BIM/GIS visie: Wat is nodig?

Hoezo zijn we er nog niet?

ICT in de bouw

[Open]BIM in Nederland

DataISO 16739 (IFC)

ISO

120

06 (I

FD)

Conc

epts

ISO 29481 (ID

M)

Process

3D Spatial Data InfrastructuresRGD BIM norm

CB-NL, RWS-BIM, Object Libraries Parametric IFC Bridges

IFD: STABU, Bouwconnect COINS

3D Pilot

Uitdagingen IFC

• Complex, groot model (600+ entiteiten)

• TMTOWTDI “There's more than one way to do it“:

− Eigenschappen vastleggen op verschillende manieren mogelijk

− Afspraken “Implementers Agreements” deels niet regiede

• Veel informatie vrijblijvend

• XML representaties (nog?) te draag, part 21 SPFF meest gebruikelijk

• Gebrek aan consistentie eigenschappen <-> geometrie

• Complexe geometrie: CSG, BRep, NURBS, impliciet

• GUIDs: niet voor alles, vaak niet bijgehouden maar vervangen

CityGML en IMGEO

Source: Thomas Kolbe

CityGML en IFC

source: Claus Nagel

CityGML core model

IFC core model

Initiativen: IFC <->CityGML ADE’s

Volumetric, parametric

primitives representing the

structural components of

buildings

IfcWallStandardCase

IfcBeam

IfcSlabIfcWindow

BIM (e.g., IFC)Constructive Solid

Geometry

Accumulation of observable

surfaces of topographic features

WallSurface

InteriorWallSurface

FloorSurface

IntBuildingInstallation

GroundSurface

Window

3D GIS (e.g., CityGML)Boundary Representation

source: Thomas H. Kolbe - joint work with Claus Nagel & Alexandra Stadler

source: Claus Nagel

Initiativen: IFC <->CityGML ADE’s

Initiativen: IFC <->CityGML ADE’s

• n CityGML entities may represent one IFC element

• n CityGML entities may result in m competing IFC elements

• Further 1:1 and 1:m relations possible

High combinatorial complexity

source: Thomas H. Kolbe - joint work with Claus Nagel & Alexandra Stadler

source: IFC 2x4 (IFC 4) documentation

IFC <->CityGML: Geometry

IFC<->CityGML: Problems overview

IFC CityGML

Geometry Implicit CSG, Sweep, NURBS, parametric(well, sort of,

soon)

None

Explicit BRep, Surfaces, Polylines, Points BRep, Surfaces, Polylines, Points

Coordinates Cartesian World Coordinate System,

Local/Relative Coordinate Systems

BUT now also Projected Reference Systems,

Transformations built-in (serveral different ones

per Context possible) (IFC 4). Transformations

necessary

Projected systems

Semantic Buildings: Complex, highly detailed Limited to very basic classes

Environment: Site, Landscape, IFCInfra on the (distant)

horizon

Exhaustive (city furniture, water

bodies, tunnels, bridges etc.)

Relations Aggregation, decomposition, specialization on

different levels

simple

Extendability On-the-fly: Property Sets, external classifications and

libraries (IFD) can be assigned to generic

representations (IfcProxy)

Properites can be added, some code

lists exist (classification without

properties(?))

Schema: Monolithic XML schema’s can be added via

namespaces (ADE)

Wie doet wat?

Lopende initiatieven

Initiatieven NL: 3D Pilot / SIG 3D

• Initiated by Jantien Stoter, Geonovum, Kadaster, TU/d

• Pilot in 2012/2013: 6 Workgroups withca 200 participants

<core:cityObjectMember><bldg:Building gml:id=“Build0815”><core:externalReference><core:externalObject><core:uri>urn:uuid:550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000</core:uri></core:externalObject></core:externalReference><bldg:functioncodeSpace=“http://www.sig3d.org/codelists/standard/building/2.0/AbstractBuilding_function.xml”>1000</bldg:function>x

<core:cityObjectMember><bldg:Building gml:id=“Build0815”><core:externalReference><core:externalObject><core:uri>urn:uuid:550e8400-e29b-41d4-a716-446655440000</core:uri></core:externalObject></core:externalReference><bldg:functioncodeSpace=“http://www.sig3d.org/codelists/standard/building/2.0/AbstractBuilding_function.xml”>1000</bldg:function>x

source: [Stoter et al 2013]

24 2014-04-25 244/25/2014

source: Benno

Koehorst

| RWS

25 2014-04-25

BIM Server

ExtendedIFC4

V-CON Solution

OTL/SE Data

Scope of the V-CON Solution for road authority

GIS ServerCityGML/

Inspire

BIM Data

GIS Data

GIS

applicationBIM

application

AM application

Inside scope

Outside scope of

V-CON Solution

SE Server

(like GRIP)

SE application

See next slide

AM Server

(like BMS-LT or ANDA)

source: Benno Koehorst | RWS

26 2014-04-25 264/25/2014

Layered Ontologies (OTLs)

BIMIFC4Infra

Linked Data/Systems EngineeringCMO

INT Infra OntologyCBNL & ‘CBSE’ Ontologies

RWS OTL & TV OTL

GISCityGML

(like BGT/IMgeo)

OTL/SE data

(for RWS)

BIM Data

GIS Data

Instantiation of

OTL/SE data (for TV)

Note: providing these ontologies

is the responsibility of the V-

CON partners, not of the

vendors. We’ll ask the vendors

to support these ontologies (and

future versions).

Instantiation of Instantiation of Instantiation of

source: Benno

Koehorst

| RWS

Initiatieven: MVD voor LandXML [Finland]

sourc

e:

Juha

Hyvärinen,

VTT,

2012

Initiativen: CB-NL

• The Bouw Informatie Raad (BIR) has organized funding to start the development of an object library

− Large platform including RWS, RGD, Geonovum, contractors, CROW, municipalities, engineering companies…

− Two main target groups with use case scenarios: B&U, GWW

− Joint library expert group

− Come up with a schema to fill in content from− IMGEO

− IFC

− INSPIRE

− COINS

− NEN 2767

− CROW

− ….

− Based on IFD / bSDD / STABU Lexicon

− Should include tooling

− Funding for ca. 500 man-hours

BIM in NL: IDM

COINS, Systems Engineering in BIM

BIM in NL: IFC

Initiativen: IFCInfra

• Opgestart door “Club Communic” Frankrijk [Pierre Benning, J.B. Vallette et al]

• Groot internationaal interesse

source: Club Communic, J.B. Valette demo 2010

Initiativen: IFCInfra

source: Thomas Liebich / bSI / MSG 2012

Initiativen:CityTracks

• Lopend DFG (Duitse NWO/STW) project met GIS en BIM experts van TU München [André Borrmann, Yang Ji et al] en KIT Karlsruhe [Karl-Heinz Häfele, Joachim Benner, Andreas Geiger et al]

• 3D/4D planning en uitvoering ondergrondse metro

source: TU München, Y. Ji 2010

BIM in NL: IFD/IFD in Infrastructure

• Parametric Bridge Extension IFC

• Collaboration with

− TU München (A. Borrmann)

− AEC 3

− Sofistik AG

− TU Eindhoven

• IFC Parametric/Constraint Kernel

source: [Ji et al 2013]

Initiativen: NL: 3DSI

• Next Generation Infrastructures (NGI)• TU/Delft [Sisi Zlatanova et al]

• TU/Eindhoven [Jakob Beetz et al]

• Haven Bedrijf Rotterdam [Anne Jan Boersma et al]

• Gemeente Rotterdam [Joris Goos et al]

Initiatieven : ISO

• New ‘Ad hoc group’ “to investigate interoperability issues concerning the respective standards”

− ISO TC 59 / SC 13 – “Organization of information about construction works”

− ‘the ISO side of BuildingSMART’

− IFD, IDM, MVD

− ISO / TC 211 “Geographic information/Geomatics”

− ‘The ISO side of OGC’

− GML, CityGML

Integraal BIM en GIS modellen:Overview of the 3DSDI project

Use case Quay Wall structures - IfcQuay

STUMICO Bijeenkomst April 2014

Jakob Beetz

Project overview

Partners:

3DSDI phase 1:

Process and Requirements analysis

3DSDI phase 1:

Process and Requirements analysis

3DSDI phase 2:

Quay wall extension to IFC model

Application X

Internal Object Model IFC Schema

Native file:.rvt, .dgn

IFC Instance file:.ifc, .ifcxml

Application Y

Mapping

Where do IfcBridge and IfcQuay stand

Where do IfcBridge and IfcQuay stand

ENTITY IfcQuayWallSystem

SUPERTYPE OF (ONEOF( IfcQuayWallSystemStandard,

IfcQuayWallSystemCombined,

IfcQuayWallSystemDiaphragm,

IfcQuayWallSystemSpanwand))

SUBTYPE OF (IfcQuayWallPart);

END_ENTITY;

ENTITY IfcQuayWallSystemStandard

SUPERTYPE OF (ONEOF( IfcQuayWallSystemStandardZ,

IfcQuayWallSystemStandardU,

IfcQuayWallSystemStandardFlat,

IfcQuayWallSystemStandardPan))

SUBTYPE OF (IfcQuayWallSystem);

END_ENTITY;

ENTITY IfcQuayWallSystemStandardZ

SUBTYPE OF (IfcQuayWallSystemStandard);

Profile :IfcQuayZProfileDef;

Geometry : IfcSweptAreaSolid;

END_ENTITY;

ENTITY IfcQuayZProfileDef

SUBTYPE OF (IfcParameterizedProfileDef);

OverallWidth : IfcPositiveLengthMeasure;

OverallHeigth : IfcPositiveLengthMeasure;

FlangeWidth : IfcPositiveLengthMeasure;

ProfileThickness : IfcPositiveLengthMeasure;

FlangeSlope : IfcPlaneAngleMeasure;

PositionConnectionPoint : IfcAxis2Placement2D;

END_ENTITY;

Model View Definition (schema level)

Implementation & Certification in Domain Application

Exchange Requirements(IDM)

BIM

Val

idat

ion

Domain Model View

Model Filter on Schema level

Model Filter on Objector Level According to MVD

Model Filter on Objector Level According to MVD

(Central Repository Implementation )

High Level Specification(concept units)

Automated process in real project

IFC Schema

Task-based Model View

IFC Instance

IDM-MVD process

3DSDI phase 3:

Semantic enrichment of IFC with RDF

Interoperability scenarios for semantically

rich infrastructural 3D data models in the

context of the Port of Rotterdam

Use case scenario 1:

Planning, commissioning, design and construction of a new quay wall project

Use case scenario 2:

Extendible information schemas to design and construct a quay wall project

Use case scenario 3:

Creating and publishing in-house information schemas

BIM / GIS manager

Networked data sets

Networked data sets:

The Semantic Web

Now... that should clear up a few things around here

© Horrocks, Oxford University

Networked data sets:

The Semantic Web

BIM

HbR

GIS

Networked data sets:

The Semantic Web – technology stack

Unicode URI

XML + XML-NS + XML Schema

RDF+RDF Schema

OWL

Logic

Proof

Dig

ital S

ignatu

re

Trust

Networked data sets:

The Semantic Web – technology stack

Networked data sets:

Legacy application integration

Networked data sets

Modeling expert

Modeling expert

Semantic Enrichment prototype demo

Integrated prototype IFC+CityGML

Meer informatie: j.beetz@tue.nl

IFC, bSDD, INSPIRE, OGC Geo models, SfB(-NL), DIN 276(?), Omniclass,

Uniclass, Getty AAT, BauDataWeb, CROW, OKSTRA, LandXML, CASCADE

airport ontology, SIMmodel, GIS ontologies, CityGML, ETIM,gbXML etc.

IFC, bSDD, INSPIRE, OGC Geo models, SfB(-NL), DIN 276(?), Omniclass,

Uniclass, Getty AAT, BauDataWeb, CROW, OKSTRA, LandXML, CASCADE

airport ontology, SIMmodel, GIS ontologies, CityGML, ETIM,gbXML etc.

http://duraark.eu/events/i-know-2014-workshop-linked-building-data/

http://duraark.eu/ldac2014/

Motivation and background

Product Information

Concept in

sta

nce index

IFD (Concepts)Search Engine IFC (CAD)

librarians

manufacturers

Product Information BIM Model

engineer

BIM / GIS: tools : Bimserver.org

• Collaboration with TNO

• Leon van Berlo

• Ruben de Laat

• Peter Bonsma

• Michel Böhms

• THE COMMUNITY

• Interdisciplinary model- andversion-management based on open standards

• CityGML-export [TU/e and TNO]

BIM / GIS: tools : Uberviewer

• TNO

• Pim van den Helm

• CityGML and IFC in een applicatie

BIM / GIS: tools : FZK Viewer

• Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

• Verschillende werktuigen omCityGML, IFC en gbXML tehanteren.

• Licentie onduidelijk

BIM / GIS: tools : FME Desktop

• Commercieel product: Safe Software

• Generieke data conversie tussenverschillende tools (GIS en CAD)

Want to know more?

http://w3.bwk.tue.nl/nl/unit_umds/ontwerp_systemen/

Literature

• Eastman, Teichholz, Sacks, Liston:“BIM Handbook”, 2008, John Wiley & Sons Inc.

• Eastman “Building Product Models” 1999 CRC Press Ltd.

• Jernigan “Big BIM, little bim” 2007, 4Site Press

• “ik bim, jij bim-t, wij bim-men” 2008,Center for Process Innovation in building & construction

• Gallaher, M. P, A. C O'Connor, J. L Dettbarn, and L. T. Gilday. 2004. Cost Analysis of Inadequate Interoperability in the U.S. Capital Facilities Industry. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD , August. http://fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/build04/art022.html.

• Gielingh, W.General AEC Reference Model, Gielingh WF (1988), TNO report BI-88-150,ISO TC 184/SC4/WG1 doc. 3.2. 2.1Nederlandse Organisatie voor Toegepast Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek, 1988

Literature

• Laat, R. & Berlo, L., 2011. Integration of BIM and GIS: The Development of the CityGML GeoBIMExtension. In T. H. Kolbe, G. König, & C. Nagel, eds. Advances in 3D Geo-Information Sciences. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 211–225. Available at: http://www.springerlink.com/content/jk21v46722433650/

• Nagel, C., 2007. Ableitung verschiedener Detallierungsstufen von IFC Gebäudemodellen. Master Thesis. Karlsruhe, Germany: Karlsruhe University of Applied Science.

• Stoter, J. et al., 2013. Implementation of a National 3D Standard: Case of the Netherlands. In J. Pouliotet al., eds. Progress and New Trends in 3D Geoinformation Sciences. Lecture Notes in Geoinformationand Cartography. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 277–298. Available at: http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-29793-9_16

• Ji, Y. et al., 2013. Exchange of Parametric Bridge Models Using a Neutral Data Format. Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering, 27(6), pp.593–606. Available at: http://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/%28ASCE%29CP.1943-5487.0000286

• Zlatanova, S. & Beetz, J., 2012. 3D spatial information infrastructure: The case of Port Rotterdam T. Leduc, G. Moreau, & R. Billen, eds., Cedex A: E D P Sciences.

• Beetz, J. et al., 2014. Interoperable data models for infrastructural artefacts – a novel IFC extension method using RDF vocabularies exemplified with quay wall structures for harbors. In to appear in Proceedings of the Joint ICCCBE and CIB w78 conferences. Florida, USA.