Grammar Unit 10Past Simple vs Past Perfect

Past perfect

Had + werkwoord +ed

OF

Had + onregelmatigwerkwoord (3e rijtje)

Wanneer gebruikje de past perfect?

Als iets in het verleden is gebeurd (vlak voor iets anders gebeurde).

Voorbeeld

The match had started before we arrived at the stadium.(De wedstrijd was al begonnen = past perfect en daarna kwamen we in het stadium aan = past simple.)

After he had done his homework, he played a computer game.(Hij maakte eerst zijn huiswerk = past perfect en daarna speelde hij een spelletje = past simple.)

When she had passed her exams she went on a holiday. (Eerst was ze

Tip!

De past perfect wordt eigenlijk altijd gebruikt in combinatie met de past simple om aan te geven dat er 2 gebeurtenissen in het verleden na elkaar plaatsvonden.

Vraag jezelf af: wat gebeurde er eerst?

De eerste gebeur-tenis krijgt de past perfect!

Grammar Unit 10geslaagd voor haar examen = past perfect en daarna ging ze op vakantie = past simple.)

The girl crossed the street after the traffic lights had turned red.(De stoplichten gingen eerst op rood = past perfect, en toen stak het meisje over = past simple= DOM!)

Let’s practise!

1. After Fred had spent (to spend) his holiday in Italy he wanted (to want) to learn Italian.

understood = past simple

had practised = past perfect

Wat gebeurde er eerst?Het oefenen.

Daarom is dat de past perfect.

Daarna begreep je de grammatica. Daarom krijg je daar de past simple.

Onthoudt dus: wat er eerst gebeurde krijgt HAD + WW+ed/3e rij onregelmatige ww.

Het resultaat krijgt de past simple:WW+ed/2e rij onregelmatige ww.

Grammar Unit 102. Jill had phoned (to phone) Dad at work before she left (to leave) for her trip.

3. Susan turned on (to turn on) the radio after she had washed(to wash) the dishes.

4. When she arrived (to arrive), the match already had already started*** (to start).5. After the man had come (to come) home he fed (to feed) the cat.

Grammar Unit 10

CHOOSE THE CORRECT OPTION1.When Anne opened the door, she realized that somebody had broken into.2. Elisa was very upset because her computer disappeared yesterday.3. My cousin had promised me to bring me a souvenir from France last month.5. By the time Julia left the shop, she had spent all her money on clothes.6. I didn’t want to see that film because I had seen it twice.7. Philip had tidied his bedroom before he left for work.8. My husband did the shopping after I had called him.9.Alfred had worked in a bank for five years before he was sent to Rome.10.The judge said that she was guilty because she had taken the money for herself.

WRITE PAST SIMPLE OR PAST PERFECT?

1.Barbara had lived (live) in Greece for three years before she moved (move) to Italy.2.My team didn’t win (not win) the football match because they had played (play) badly.3.The teacher punished (punish) the student because he had been (be) very naughty.4.By winter, the new soap opera had become (become) the most popular show on TV.5.He had mugged (mug) three passengers by the time the police arrived (arrive).6.The pirates hijacked (hijack) an enormous ship in Somalia two months ago.*7.The captain of the ship surrendered (surrender) because he had hated (hate) violence.8.The journalist had interviewed (interview) the famous actress before the TVcame(come)9.Everyone had left (leave) the train before the bomb exploded (explode).10. By the time my mum prepared (prepare) lunch, we had laid (lay) the table.

Complete the text with verbs in brackets. Use Past Simple or Past Perfect:In March 1999, thieves stole (steal) diamonds jewelry from Woolworth, a famous jewelry

shop in Boston. The thieves were very smart. Before the robbery, they had hidden (hide) in

the building next door and had cut (cut) a hole through the wall.

They used it to get into the shop. By the time the guard at the entrance saw (see) them, they

had already taken (already/take) the very expensive jewellery from the safe.

A man from the neighbourhood had heard (hear) some noises in the shop and he called (call) the police but when they arrived (arrive) to the shop, the thieves

had escaped (escape).