De invloed van vermogenselektronica in de scheepsbouw

Pieter Vos

IHC Drives & Automation B.V.

Inhoud

• Self Propelled Cutter Suction Dredger “Al Bahar C/D Huta 12”

• Single Line

• Design challenges

• Limited space

• High short circuit current

• Harmonic distortion

• DC grid?

SP CSD Al Bahar C/D Huta 12

Physical properties

Length (OA): 122,5 m

Width: 21,7 m

Depth: 6,8 m

Draft (loaded): 5 m

Speed: 9 knts

Cutter power: 3500 kW

Total power: 23545 kW

Dredging depth: 28 m

Animation CSD IHC8527

SP CSD Al Bahar C/D Huta 12

Dredging automation

• Test field near Haringvlietbrug

• Accuracy: 0,1 m

Single line Huta 12

6

G2G1 G4G3

Inboard

Dredge

Pump

Propulsion /

Subm Dredge

Pump

Winch

Drive

Cabinet

AuxInboard

Dredge

Pump

Propulsion /

Cutter

400V

Consumers

Em

400V

Consumers

400V

Consumers

PS

Shore

Supply

PS SB

AUX SWB

400V

EM SWB

400V

MAIN SWB

690VSB

230V

Distribution

230V

Distribution

BT_MSB

BT_AUX

Single line Huta 12

7

G2G1 G4G3

Inboard

Dredge

Pump

Propulsion /

Subm Dredge

Pump

Winch

Drive

Cabinet

AuxInboard

Dredge

Pump

Propulsion /

Cutter

400V

Consumers

Em

400V

Consumers

400V

Consumers

PS

Shore

Supply

PS SB

AUX SWB

400V

EM SWB

400V

MAIN SWB

690VSB

230V

Distribution

230V

Distribution

BT_MSB

BT_AUXMain switchboard

• Limit of 690V system, due to short circuit switching capacity

• All consumers on Main Switchboard are 6-pulse rectifiers

• High harmonic distortion (>15%)

• No transformers

The Huta 12 project: Systems on board (1)

• Power generation 23 MW:

• 2 Main diesel engines with control system: 4 generators

• 1 Auxiliary diesel engine with control system: 1 generator

• 1 Emergency diesel engine with control system: 1 generator

• Power distribution: 5 switch boards, 9 distribution boards, 3 transformers;

• Main consumers:

• Propulsion system: 3.180 kW: 2 motors, 2 frequency converters;

• Dredge pumps: 10.600kW: 3 motors, 3 frequency converters;

• Winches: 1.500kW: 4 motors, 4 frequency converters;

• Cutter system 3.500kW: 2 motors, 2 frequency converters;

• Board net 400V: 1.500kW: 1 frequency converter, 1 transformer

8

The Huta 12 project: Systems on board (2)

• Hydraulic systems

• Cooling water systems

• Fuel oil systems

• Lubrication oil systems

• HVAC system

• Fresh water system

• Grey and black water system

• Bilge system

• Galley and pantry equipment

• Fire detection and fire fighting system

• Lighting system

• Navigation system

• External communication system

• Internal communication system

(telephone, intercom)

• Infotainment system (television, radio)

• Platform Automation system (VMS,

PMS, AMS, PCS) (1500 I/O)

• Dredging Automation system (1000 I/O)

• Office computer systems

• Power, signal and communication cable

(approx, 95km)

9

The Huta 12 project: location of equipment

10

Engine room SWB rooms

Cutter & SDP motors

Side winches

Ladder winches

The Huta 12 project: location of equipment

11

Main engines-

generators

Propulsion

system Dredge

pumps Dredging

Pipe line

The Huta 12 project: Generators and switch boards

12

Main Engines Generators

MSB 690V

Aux Generator

Em Generator

Em Switchboard

Aux Switchboard

The Huta 12 project: Dredging mode

13

Frequency

Converters

Inboard Dredge Pumps

Cutter Motors

Submerged Dredge Pump

Winch Motors

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (1)

• Very limited space available

for all electrical equipment

14

400V Aux, SWB

690V Main SWB

Frequency converters

Board net transformer 690/400Vac

Cable routing

16

Input power

Cable connections

System

control

section

Liquid

cooling unit

4 frequency

drives connected

to 1 motor

Dredge pump drive cabinet: 4200kW

Connection inboard dredge pump drive 4200kW

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:

• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, In=3765A per generator

18

In=3765A In=3765A In=3765A In=3765A

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:

• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, Xd”=13%

19

Short circuit

Ik”=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA

Ik”=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ip=290kA

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:

• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, Xd”=13%

20

Short circuit

Ik”=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA

Ik”=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ip=290kA

𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 𝐼𝑛

𝑋𝑑"

𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 3,765

13= 29 𝑘𝐴

𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 𝐼𝑘”

𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 29 = 72𝑘𝐴 /generator

𝐼𝑝 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 4 ∗ 72 = 288𝑘𝐴

IEC61363 (Marine)

𝑖𝑝(𝑡) = 2 ∗ 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) + 𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) = (𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼𝑘′)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏" + (𝐼𝑘′ − 𝐼𝑘) 𝑒−𝑡/𝜏′

𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) = 2(𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼0 sin 𝜗)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏𝑑𝑐

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:

• Main generators 690Vac, 4500KVA, Xd”=13%

21

Short circuit

Ik”=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA

Ik”=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ip=290kA

𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 𝐼𝑛

𝑋𝑑"

𝐼𝑘" =100 ∗ 3,765

13= 29 𝑘𝐴

𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 𝐼𝑘”

𝐼𝑝~ 2 ∗ 1,75 ∗ 29 = 72𝑘𝐴 /generator

𝐼𝑝 𝑡𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 = 4 ∗ 72 = 288𝑘𝐴

IEC61363 (Marine)

𝑖𝑝(𝑡) = 2 ∗ 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) + 𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) 𝑖𝑎𝑐 (𝑡) = (𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼𝑘′)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏" + (𝐼𝑘′ − 𝐼𝑘) 𝑒−𝑡/𝜏′

𝑖𝑑𝑐 (𝑡) = 2(𝐼𝑘" − 𝐼0 sin 𝜗)𝑒−𝑡/𝜏𝑑𝑐

Maximum currents AC circuit breakers:

ABB : Emax E6V:

Rated service voltage: Ue 690 V

Max rated uninterrupted current: size 6300 A

Rated ultimate braking capacity: icu (Ik”) 100 kA

Rated making capacity (peak value): icm (Ip) 220 kA

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:

• Special circuit breaker reduces short circuit

current

22

Ik=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA

Ik=29kA

Ip=72kA

Short circuit

Ip=170kA

Schneider Electric

Masterpact UR

Ultra rapid 6000A circuit breaker

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (2) • High short circuit power:

• Special circuit breaker reduces short circuit

current

23

Ik=29kA

Ip=72kA

Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA Ik=28,5kA

Is=72,6kA

Ik=29kA

Ip=72kA

Short circuit

Ip=170kA

Schneider Electric

Masterpact UR

Ultra rapid 6000A circuit breaker

The Huta 12 project: Design challenges (3)

24

G2G1 G4G3

Inboard

Dredge

Pump

Propulsion /

Subm Dredge

Pump

Winch

Drive

Cabinet

AuxInboard

Dredge

Pump

Propulsion /

Cutter

400V

Consumers

Em

400V

Consumers

400V

Consumers

PS

Shore

Supply

PS SB

AUX SWB

400V

EM SWB

400V

MAIN SWB

690VSB

230V

Distribution

230V

Distribution

BT_MSB

BT_AUX

• Very high harmonic distortion on voltage and current:

Bureau Veritas (BV) Rules Harmonic Distorsion 2.4.2 For components intended for systems fed by static converters, and/or systems in which the static converter load predominates, it is assumed that:

• the single harmonics do not exceed 5% of the nominal voltage up to the 15th harmonic of the nominal frequency, decreasing to 1% at the 100th harmonic (see fig 1), and that

• the total harmonic distortion does not exceed 10%.

Figure 1

2.4.3 Higher values for the harmonic content (e,g, in electric propulsion plant

systems) may be accepted on the basis of correct operation of all electrical

devices,

Harmonic Distorsion Huta 12 Main Switchboard

n %THDv %THDi

1 100,00% 100,00%

5 12,56% 19,55%

7 6,76% 7,52%

11 3,65% 2,58%

13 3,55% 2,13%

17 2,92% 1,34%

19 2,33% 0,95%

23 1,83% 0,62%

25 1,87% 0,58%

29 1,59% 0,43%

31 1,37% 0,35%

35 1,27% 0,28%

37 1,26% 0,26%

41 1,10% 0,21%

43 1,01% 0,18%

47 0,95% 0,16%

49 0,94% 0,15%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

5 7 11 13 17 19 23 25 29 31 35 37 41 43 47 49

%THDv %THDi

% Load %THDv %THDi

10 3,5% 33,3%

25 6,8% 30,5%

50 10,9% 25,8%

75 14,0% 23,0%

100 16,9% 20,9%

𝑡𝑝𝑓 =𝑝𝑓

1 + 𝑇𝐻𝐷𝑖2

𝑝𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑟

= 0,96

𝑡𝑝𝑓 =0,96

1 + 0,2092= 0,94

DC-grid?

• Big difference between installed power and used power

• Energy recovery

• Special requirements

• Environmental

• Legislation

• Noise & vibration

• Emissions

• Huta 12 project:

• DC-grid for winches

Thank you

IHC Drives and Automation B.V.

Pieter Vos Senior Specialist T +31184431983 M +31623852442 pge.vos@ihcmerwede.com

P.O. Box 41, 3360 AA Sliedrecht Industrieweg 30, 3361 HJ Sliedrecht The Netherlands