U5 yebrir 2960/2010 · 2020. 2. 6. · Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI, Kania RABDI,...

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2960/2010

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Abdenour HADJ-SAID, Said ZANOUN, Hamid BILEK,Moh MEDJDOUB, Boussaâd BOUAÏCH, Ferhat BALOULI,

Ahmed HAMOUM, Linda MAHI, Nacera KEDDACHE,TANAṢLIT, Islam BESSACI, Djamel HAMRI, Kaci SADI,

Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI,Kania RABDI, Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO),

Hacene HALOUANE, Hamid IBRI,Ahcene MARICHE, Youcef MERAHI, Malek HOUD,

Lynda KOUDACHE, Djaafar MESSAOUDI,Said CHEMAKH, Ramdane ABDENBI.

Abdenour HADJ-SAID, Said ZANOUN, Hamid BILEK,Moh MEDJDOUB, Boussaâd BOUAÏCH, Ferhat BALOULI,

Ahmed HAMOUM, Linda MAHI, Nacera KEDDACHE,TANAṢLIT, Islam BESSACI, Djamel HAMRI, Kaci SADI,

Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI,Kania RABDI, Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO),

Hacene HALOUANE, Hamid IBRI,Ahcene MARICHE, Youcef MERAHI, Malek HOUD,

Lynda KOUDACHE, Djaafar MESSAOUDI,Said CHEMAKH, Ramdane ABDENBI.

TAMAZIƔT TURA Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa

IMḌEBBER N TESƔUNT Youcef MERAHI

AGRAW N TIRA Hamid BILEK

Abdenour HADJ-SAID Said CHEMAKH Samir ARKAM

Ramdane ABDENBI

URAN DEG WUṬṬUN-AGI :

Abdenour HADJ-SAID, Said ZANOUN, Hamid BILEK, Moh MEDJDOUB, Boussaâd BOUAÏCH, Ferhat BALOULI,

Ahmed HAMOUM, Linda MAHI, Nacera KEDDACHE, TANAṢLIT, Islam BESSACI, Djamel HAMRI, Kaci SADI,

Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI, Kania RABDI, Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO), Hacene HALOUANE, Hamid IBRI,

Ahcene MARICHE, Youcef MERAHI, Malek HOUD, Lynda KOUDACHE, Djaafar MESSAOUDI,

Said CHEMAKH, Ramdane ABDENBI.

19, avenue Mustapha El Ouali (ex Debussy) Alger

Tél : 021-64-29-10/11 - Fax : 021-63-59-16 B.P. 400, 16070, El Mouradia - Alger

TAGDUDA TAZZAYRIT TAMAGDAYT TAƔERFANT TASELWIT N TEGDUDA

ASQAMU UNNIG N TIMMUZƔA

TAMAZIƔT TURA

tamazi$t tura

Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa Tamaziɣt tura Un 5 / yebrir 2010

ISSN : 1112-9417 Dépôt légal : 4832-2008

Tamaziɣt, imira, teḥwaǧ kan ad tt-naru ad tt-nɣer.

AGBUR

TAJMILT Abane Remdane, tugdut tebda tikli ... Abdenour HADJ-SAID 11 Salsa di Tipaza Said ZANOUN 23 Tamaziɣt ass-a, tajmilt i yimezwura Hamid BILEK 27

AḌRIS Awal ɣef wawal Moh MEDJDOUB 33 Tabrat i yelli Boussaâd BOUAÏCH 35 Ɣef Salas d Nuja Ferhat BALOULI 37

TULLIST Cciṭan Ahmed HAMOUM 45 Tidet tuffirt Linda MAHI 53 Abeḥri n lmut Nacera KEDDACHE 57 Ur yessin wul aṭṭan-is TANAṢLIT 72 Tayri n lebda Islam BESSACI 77

TUKKIST Aḍu n tirga - 3 Djamel HAMRI 93

Aẓar aneggaru - 4 Fatima AIT HAMLAT 100 Leɛzib n yiɣersiwen - 3 George ORWELL - Tasuqelt : Habib-Allah MANSOURI 108 Arranku - 3 Paulo COELHO - Tasuqelt : Inelmaden n tmaziɣt (TO) 115

TAMEDYAZT Lemmer ur telliḍ d acu-yi Louis ARAGON - Tasuqelt : Hacene HALOUANE 129 Ur d-yeggri wara Alfred DE MUSSET - Tasuqelt : Hamid IBRI 132 Maca d acu i d tudert ? Jules ANTOINE - Tasuqelt : Ahcene MARICHE 134 I Lyès Youcef MERAHI - Tasuqelt : Abdennour ABDESSELAM 137 Muḥend Saɛid Amlikec Malek HOUD 140 Akerfi Kania RABDI 144 I nekk tilelli Lynda KOUDACHE 147 Bu tismin Kaci SADI 151

TAMACAHUT Tameɣra n Zeus Djaafar MESSAOUDI 157

AMEZGUN Tayri si lbeɛd - 2 (taggara) Amine MAALOUF - Tasuqelt : Said CHEMAKH 165 Amezgun d ahanay Ramdane ABDENBI 173

TIGEJDIT

Yal tasut s tefsut-is, yal afrux s ṣṣut-is, yal ajeǧǧig s llun-is.

30 yiseggasen i yezrin ɣef Tefsut n 80, Tafsut Imaziɣen. Am akken nuɣ tannumi, yal 20 di yebrir, yettili-d usmekti n tedyanin n 1980. Ussan-agi d tagnit diɣen i wakken ad nemmuqel anda tewweḍ temsalt-agi n tmaziɣt, d acu i yettwaxedmen, d acu i mazal !

Ass n 20 di yebrir, d ass n tefsut n tlelli, n tirrugza, d ass n tɣimit akked yiman-nneɣ akken ad nesqerdec, ad nwali d acu n yiswiyen uɣur mazal nessaweḍ ? D acu i ilaqen ad nexdem akken tutlayt-nneɣ ur tnegger ara ?

Tafsut n Yimaziɣen ur d-tlul ara kan akka, gar yiḍ akked wass. Tafsut tewwi-d aẓar-is seg umezruy, seg yimennuɣen n wid i ɣ-yezwaren. Ass-a, tamaziɣt, am wakken s-yenna umedyaz,

teḥwaǧ kan ad tt-naru, ad tt-nɣer. Ass-a tamaziɣt teḥwaǧ win ara tt-yerren d tutlayt n tmeddurt mačči d tin n lmut, ass-a tamaziɣt teḥwaǧ win ara tt-yesxedmen di yal aḥric, teḥwaǧ iɣallen, teḥwaǧ imusnawen, teḥwaǧ arraw-is.

Tafsut d ayagi kan, mačči d ayen nniḍen ! Uṭṭun-agi wis 5 n tesɣunt d uṭṭun n tefsut, nbudd-it i yal win yumnen s tmaziɣt, tamaziɣt n tudert, tamaziɣt i tmaziɣt.

Agraw n tira

TAJMILT

Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010 - 11 -

Abane Remdane

Tugdut tebda tikli …

Abdenour HADJ-SAID

lul-d Abane Remdane ass n 10 yunyu 1920 di tmurt n Leqbayel, taddart-is d Iεezzuzen i d-yezgan ɣer tama n Larebεa Nat Yiraten.

Am tuddar akk n Leqbayel, Iεezzuzen teckenṭeḍ ɣer yiwet tqacuct n yidurar n ǧerǧer. Tamnaḍt anda ilul Abane Remdane tugar ccbaḥa timnaḍin nniḍen n tmurt n Lezzayer. D lexrif neɣ d tagrest, d tafsut neɣ d anebdu, yal lweqt tettak-as udem-is. Di tegrest, adfel iɣelli-d s waṭas, tikwal yessawaḍ azal n lmitra. Idurar ttbeddilen udem, ttbanen-d amzun neṭṭḍen s igenni. Di tefsut, ṭṭuqten yijeǧǧigen i d-irennun ccbaḥa i tudert. Llan yimɣan iwraɣen, izeggaɣen, imellalen, ixuxiyen, i idduklen d initen n yisekla, ttnaɣen ɣef yimeḍqan. Temeɣɣi-d tuga, ṭṭerḍiqen leεwanṣer, iɣersiwen n tẓegwa teffɣen-d si lɣiran-nsen i wakken ad nadin ɣef lqut, ma d ifrax ṭṭuqten yerna ččewčiwen. Tgerrez tmuɣli imi tiṭ neɣ tameẓẓuɣt neɣ anzaren wwin lḥeq-nsen, yesseṛwa-ten ugama. Yewεer unebdu s uɣamac-is, maca tiẓegwa yeẓḍan, yeččuren s yisekla εlayen, am teslent, ttaken-t-d tasmuḍi. Lexrif d tasemhuyt anda agama yesteεfuy, amzun akken d tewser i ibeddun uqbel ad d-tas tguni n tegrest i issawalen i tlalit n tefsut. Ɣellin yiferrawen n yisekla di lexrif. Gar wa d wa, di temnaḍṭ-agi icebḥen, i yedder Abane Remdane azal n 13 yiseggasen. Yesεedda temẓi-s di tawant. Tawacult-is tesεa aṭas n yigran i d-yettaken zzit uzemmur akked tazart. Abane Remdane yella d anelmad ifazen aṭas aṭas. Di kra n

I

Tasɣunt s Tmaziɣt n Usqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa

- 12 - Tamaziɣt tura – Un 5 – H.C.A / yebrir 2010

tangawin (disciplines), ulac win i t-yifen. Tizya-s, di lawan-nni, ur ttruḥun ara ɣer lakul. Llant tsebbiwin i wannect-a. Tamezwarut, ulac aṭas n lakulat imiren axaṭer nella ddaw uzaglu n listiɛmar, imi irumiyen d nutni i yeṭṭfen adabu. Tis snat, tiwaculin n leqbayel d tigellilin, ur zmirent ara ad fkent dderya-nsent ɣer lakul. Smenyafent ad ten-sqedcen ama deg uxxam neɣ di lexla. Nezmer ad d-nini belli Abane Remdane d zzher i yesεa imi yekcem ɣer lakul di taddart-is. Hatan d acu i d-yenna fell-as yiwen seg yiselmaden-is deg yiseggasen-nni n 1932-1933 : “D anelmad amegzu, yers leεqel-is. Zgiɣ ferḥeɣ s lxedma-ines akked tikli-s”. S umata, iselmaden-is akk teεǧeb-iten lxedma-ines. Yeεǧeb ama d iselmaden ama d tawacult-is, abaεda yemma-s i yellan tettzuxxu yis-s aṭas. Mbeεd mi d-yewwi “Certificat d’Etudes Primaires”, Abane Remdane yekcem srid ɣer tesnawit DUVEYRIER n Blida i yuɣalen s yin d afella d tusnawit IBN-ROCHD. Abane Remdane yufrar-d abaεda di tusnakt. Dɣa di tesnawit-agi n Blida i d-yewwi Lbak n tusnakt, imiren d imexḍa wid yessawḍen ɣer uswir-agi di leqraya. Ula d irumiyen, qlil deg-sen wid yessawaḍen lweqt-nni ɣer Lbak. Ilaq diɣen ad d-nini d akken di tesnawit-agi n Blida i yebda Abane Remdane, i yesεan imiren 13 yiseggasen di leεmer-is, yettarra ddehn-is ar tsertit, ar liḥala ideg tella tmurt-is d wegdud-is. S Lbak-ines, Abane Remdane yezmer ad ikemmel leqraya-ines di tesdawit. Imawlan-is, abaεda baba-s, yebɣa ad ikemmel leqraya taεlayant i wakken ad d-yeffeɣ d amejjay neɣ d abugaṭu. Ula d netta ixemmem, di yiwet teswiεt akken, ad ikemmel leqraya-s i wakken ad d-yeffeɣ d abugaṭu. Maca, ar taggara, yella yakan imiren, 22 yiseggasen di leεmer-is, imal aṭas ɣer tsertit. Imiren ulac aṭas n yimdanen yeṭṭafaren tasertit, acku tella teswiεt teẓmek yerna ur yezmir ara uzzayri ad d-yerr tasertit d lxedma-s. Ur tesseččay ara aɣrum i bab-is akken qqaren. Ula d ikabaren i yellan imiren ur sεin ara idrimen i wakken ad ssidren imeɣnasen-nsen. Maca, Abane Remdane yesεa taɣennant, yeẓra anda iteddu, yextar ad yennerni di tsertit. Yexdem kra n wussan di tɣiwant n Celɣum



Lεid i d-yezgan gar Sṭif akked Qsenṭina. Yeǧǧa lxedma-nni n lbiru xas akken di lweqt-nni, lxedma am tagi qlil win yessawḍen ɣur-s imi tesεa azal meqqren. Ur iɛeṭṭel ara, yuɣal d aqerru n ukabar i yellan di 1947 d akabar azzayri yekkaten ɣef timmunent n tmurt-nneɣ. Akabar-agi isem-is “Amussu i unalak n tlelliyin timagdayin” (MTLD). Ur ilaq ara ad nettu d akken Lezzayer tella ddaw uzaglu n Fransa. Agdud azzayri ur yelli ara d ilelli. Yettwaḥkem s wuzzal irumiyen isennden ɣef lɛesker akked la police. Ɣef wayagi, yella yewɛer aṭas ɣef uzzayri ad yeḍfer abrid n tsertit. Di 1947, yiwet tuddsa umi qqaren O.S. (Organisation Spéciale) tettwasebded ddaw leɛnaya n MTLD i wakken ad d-theggi tagrawla. Abane Remdane yettiki di tuddsa-agi am netta am waṭas n yimeɣnasen ur nettwassen ara. Fransa tessaweḍ ad tfiq s tuddsa-agi. Dɣa, aṭas n yizzayriyen yellan yessewǧaden ṭṭrad mgal Fransa ttwaṭṭfen di 1950 u ḥekmen fell-asen s lḥebs. Abane Remdane yellan yeffer di Wehran mbeεd mi yella ɣef uqerru n temnaḍt n La Soummam, gar Seṭif d Bgayet, yettwaṭṭef ula d netta u ḥekmen fell-as s sin yiseggasen n lḥebs. Di lḥebs, Abane Remdane yessefreɣ-asen tawenza i yiεessasen-nni, ama di Lezzayer neɣ di Fransa. Iεedda-d ɣef 4 leḥbus gar wid iweεren. I wakken ad d-yesken i yirumiyen taɣennant-ines, yeḥbes ɣef lqut aṭas n wussan. Yenɣes s wazal n 30 kilu segmi yeḥbes ɣef lmakla. D annect-agi i t-yessawḍen ɣer lebɣi-s : yuɣal yettuneḥsab am wakken d ameḥbus aserti, yesεa izerfan-ines, gar-asen taɣuri n yidlisen akked yiɣmisen. Yeffeɣ-d si lḥebs di yennayer 1955 mbaεd mi d-yessεedda 5 yiseggasen. Ur yeḥdir ara i undah n ṭṭrad n uslelli aɣelnaw i yebdan yakan sin wagguren uqbel. D amegzu, am wakken d-yenna fell-as uselmad-is asmi yesεa 13 yiseggasen di leεmer-is, Abane Remdane i yesεan tirmi tasertit meqqren ad yernu ad yaẓ ɣer zdat. Deg yiwen waggur, asmi d-yuɣal ɣer Iεezzuzen, yeffeɣ ula d netta ar umadaɣ. Asmi yebda ṭṭrad n timmunent, ass amezwaru n wenber 1954,



Lezzayer tebḍa ɣef 5 temnaḍin ɣef uqerru-nsent : 1- Mostéfa Ben Boulaid, d aɣella n Aurès ;

2- Mourad Didouche, d aɣella n ugafa n Qṣentina ; 3- Belkacem Krim, d aɣella n tmurt n Leqbayel ; 4- Rabah Bitat, d aɣella n temnaḍt n Lezzayer ; 5- Larbi Ben Mhidi, d aɣella n temnaḍt n Wehran.

Ulac win yellan d aqerru ɣef 5 n temnaḍin-agi. Yella Mohamed Boudiaf i yeṭṭfen asaɣen gar xemsa yiɣella n temnaḍin-agi i d-nebder akked 3 yiqerra nniḍen (Hocine Ait Ahmed, Ahmed Ben Bella d Mohamed Khider) yellan berra n tmurt i wakken ad d-fken afud i tegrawla-nneɣ, ladɣa s uceyyeε n leslaḥ i yimjuhad. Boudiaf ur yezmir ara ad d-yuɣal ɣer tmurt-is segmi yeffeɣ deffir n umezwaru n wenbir 1954. Di tuber 1956, yettwaḥbes netta akked yimeddukal-is Ait Ahmed, Ben Bella akked Khider, asmi tettwaṭṭef tmesrifegt-nni i ten-yewwin si Rabat ɣer Tunes. Ulɣu n umenzu n wenbir 1954 i yura Boudiaf akked Didouche s tefransist ur yesbidd ara win ara yilin d aɣella n tegrawla. D amkan-agi i yellan d ilem i yeṭṭef Abane Remdane. Tura ad nwali amek. Asmi yerwel Abane si tmurt n Leqbayel ɣer temdint n Lezzayer taggara n furar d tazwara n meɣres 1955, liḥala n tegrawla teḍḥa-d tewεer. Lεesker n Fransa yerra-d tiyita s leqseḥ, annect-a yegla-d s lmut n waṭas n yimjuhad. Rrnu ɣer wannect-a imjuhad akked yimeɣnasen iɣelnawen (les nationalistes) ḥebsen, ur zmiren ad lḥun akken i sen-yehwa, yezmer ad ten-ṭṭfen la police. Aṭas n yimjuhad i yettwanɣan neɣ i yettwaṭṭfen. Llan gar-asen yiɣella n temnaḍin. Akka :

1- Didouche Mourad yettwanɣa ass n 14 yennayer 1955. 2- Ben Boulaid Mostéfa yettwaṭṭef ass n 11 yennayer 1955. 3- Bitat Rabah yettwaṭṭef ass n 23 meɣres 1955. 4- Boudiaf Mohamed yella di Lmerruk.

Ḥala Krim Belkacem akked Larbi Ben Mhidi i d-yeggran di Lezzayer. Iɣella yettwanɣan neɣ yettwaṭṭfen uɣalen deg yimukan-nsen yimɛiwnen-nsen. Maca, mazal ulac asaɣen gar temnaḍin d yimjuhad. Imjuhad ttwaεezlen deg yidurar, wa ur iẓer wa. Abane



Remdane, i yellan di lawan-nni di Lezzayer deg umkan n Bitat yettwaṭṭfen, yexdem snat tɣawsiwin : - Tazwara inuda amek ara d-yeg asaɣen gar temnaḍin akked yiɣella-nsent. - Tis snat, yessuter deg yiɣella akked yikabaren isertiyen izzayriyen nniḍen ad d-kecmen ɣer tegrawla. Abane Remdane yumen belli ma nebɣa ad d-nawi tilelli i Lezzayer, ilaq akk izzayriyen ad ttekkin di ṭṭrad. Izzayriyen, lawan-nni, llan bḍan am yibawen ɣef lluḥ. Yerna mačči aṭas i yellan umnen s tikti n usufeɣ n Fransa s ṭṭrad imi teɣleb Lezzayer di tezmert. Ɣef wayagi i nezmer ad d-nini belli d Abane Remdane i yessawḍen ad d-yejmeε izzayriyen akked yikabaren yellan di teswiεt-nni. Iceyyeε i : - Ferhat Abbas, aɣella n ukabar UDMA, - Ben Khedda, Dahleb, Kiouane, Bouda i yellan zik d iɣella n MTLD, - Cheikh Larbi Tbessi akked Kheireddine seg umussu n Lεulama, - Ouzeggane akked Hadjres seg ukabar amezduklan azzayri (PCA). Deg yiwen useggas, si meɣres 1955 ar meɣres 1956, Abane Remdane yessaweḍ ad d-yejmeε ɣer yiwet tqaεet akk iɣella izzayriyen yellan niqal ur ttemsefhamen ara gar-asen i wakken ad ttekkin, afus deg ufus, di ṭṭrad n uslelli aɣelnaw. Annect-agi leεmer i d-yeḍri gar yimeɣnasen izzayriyen, ula asmi d-kecmen irumiyen di 1830. D tadukli i d-yettawin tazmert. Abane Remdane, deg akken yefhem aṭas lmeεna n yinzi, yerra-t d tilawt. Ayen akka yexdem Abane mačči d izli, mačči menwala ad yessiweḍ ad d-yejmeε ɣef yiwet tekti izzayriyen akken ma llan. Maca annect-a mačči ḥala ayen lεali is i d-yegla i Abane Remdane, imi aṭas i yusmen seg-s, kerhen-t imi nutni ur ssawḍen ara ad xedmen ciṭuḥ seg wayen yexdem netta. Wagi ilaq ad necfut fell-as axaṭer d ayagi ara ɣ-yessiwḍen i wakken ad nefhem ayen yeḍran akked Abane mbeεd. Tura ad d-nemmeslay ɣef Abbane akked Qassaman. Teẓram akk belli Qassaman d imseɣret aɣelnaw n Lezzayer (neɣ ma tebɣam d nnacid lwaṭani). Yal tamurt di ddunit tesεa imseɣret-ines. D ccna



wezzilen i d-yettaken yiwet tmuɣli tamecṭuḥt ɣef umezruy akked tɣerma n ugdud. Tikti n Qassaman bab-is d Abane Remdane. Annect-a yenna-t-id Rebbah Lakhdar. D wagi i d-imugren Abane, tikelt tamezwarut i d-yekcem ar temdint n Lezzayer di taggara n Fevrier d tazwara n mars 1955. D netta i s-id-yufan anda yezdeɣ di tzeqqa Boucher i yellan zdat n wannar umi qqaren Ḥamma akka tura. Yiwen wass, Abane Remdane yessuter di Rebbah Lakhdar ad iruḥ netta d Ben Khedda Ben Youcef i wakken ad mmlilen d Moufdi Zakaria, yiwen umedyaz amẓabi i izedɣen di temdint Lezzayer, ad sutren deg-s ma yella yezmer ad yaru yiwen nnacid i tegrawla tazzayrit. Timlilit tamezwarut teḍra-d deg webrid “les Tanneurs” i d-yessufuɣen ɣer webrid n Ben Mhidi. Timlilit-agi ur tessaweḍ ara ɣer kra. Moufdi Zakaria yugi ad yexdem ayen i sutren deg-s acku ur iwufeq ara tikli-nni id d-wwin yimjuhad : tteksen idrimen s ddreε i yemzenza imẓabiyen. Asmi t-yewweḍ lexbar-agi, Abane Remdane yessuter i wakken ur ttnalen ara imẓabiyen. Yenna-yasen d akken imẓabiyen-agi d izzayriyen ula d nutni, ilaq fell-aɣ aten- nqadar. Akkagi i yessaweḍ Abane Remdane ad iqenneε Moufdi Zakaria i wakken ad d-yaru Qassaman. Ifka-yas kra iwellihen ara yeḍfer Moufdi Zakaria di lxedma-yagi : - Tamezwarut, ur ilaq ara ad d-yebder ula d yiwen yisem deg usefru-nni. - Tis snat, D agdud weḥd-s i d zzaɛim, mačči d flan neɣ d flan. - Tis tlata, agdud azzayri yeggul d akken ad yidir d ilelli neɣ ad yemmet. Akk iwellihen-agi sεan azal d amuqran di lweqt-nni. Yessuter Abane i yal ilemẓi azzayri akken ad yelmed amseɣret-agi. Annect-agi yella-d deg yiwen weḍris i yura Abane s timmad-is ass n umenzu n yebrir 1955. D aḍris-agi i yeḍfer Zakaria asmi yura



Qassaman. Asmi d-yeɣli weḍris-agi ger ifassen irumyen, wehmen s tektiwin nni, ur uɣen ara tanumi s wannect-nni n tegzi d lefhama. Lmuziga n Qassaman ixdem-itt yiwen umaṣri. Nnwan niqal as εiwden lmuziga asmi tefra. Ilaq yiwen wass imseɣret aɣelnaw n Lezzayer at xedmen izzayriyen. Axaṭar amseɣret aɣelnaw neɣ nnacid lwaṭani d azamul n wegdud, ad d-yas seg-s. Tura nessaweḍ-d ɣer Ugraw n la Soumam. Tecfam, nenna-d Abane yessaweḍ ad d-yejmeε akk izzayriyen d ikabaren ɣef tekti n listiqlal n tmurt. Deg ugraw n LA SOUMMAM, yessaweḍ Abane ad issexdem tadukli-agi n izzayriyen mgal listiɛmar afransi. Iswiyen n weswir banen : 1- Tadukli deg yiwen wegraw n iqerra n temnaḍin. 2- Tamuɣli ɣer wanda tessaweḍ tegrawla. 3- Asuddes neɣ aneḍḍem n l’ALN. Di teɣzi n 20 n wussan, iqerra n tegrawla nnejmaεen u mmeslayen ɣef liḥala n tmurt deg yiwen wexxam id-yezgan deg-umadaɣ n IGBAL, ar tama n Bgayet. Yerna lεesker n Fransa yezzi-d i mkul tama. Maca nniḍam n ugraw igerrez mačči d kra u yella-d di lbaḍna. AMIROUCHE, yiwen uqerru amuqran n tmurt n Leqbayel, yelha-d d tɣellist (la sécurité) n ugraw s lemɛawna n yimjuhad yellan yides. Ḥedren i ugraw-agi : - Larbi Ben Mhidi, yellan d aqerru ɣef temnaḍṭ n Wehran, d netta i d aselway n wgraw. - Abane Remdane, aɣella asertan (chef politique) n FLN, amaray n wegraw. - Ouamrane Amar, aqerru n temnaḍṭ n Lezzayer. - Krim Belkacem, aqerru n temnaḍṭ n Leqbayel. - Zirout Youcef, aqerru n ugafa n Qsentina. - Ben Tobbal Lakhdar, amεiwen n Zirout Youcef. Ur ḥdiren ara :



1- Ben Boulaid Mostéfa, aɣella n Aures, yettwanɣa uqbel agraw, ass n 27 meɣres 1956.

2- Si Cherif, aɣella n wenẓul n Lezzayer, iceyyeε-d rrabul ines. Yella aṭas umeslay ger wigi yakk iḥedren deg ugraw. Aṭas n tiɣtasin (les décisions) i d-yeffɣen seg-s, qeblentent akk imeḥdar. Llant garasent rebεa a tent-id-nebder dagi : Tamezwarut : iswiyen n tegrawla ttubeggnen-d akken iwata deg uttaftar-nni d-yeffɣen deg ugraw umi qaren “plate-forme de la Soummam” (Tiɣerɣert n la Soummam). Tis snat : l’ALN xedmen-as yiwet n tsuddest i tikelt tamezwarut s isellumen d walugan n usali d tikli. Tis tlata : Lezzayer tebḍa ɣef 6 n temnaḍin umi qqaren LWILAYAT. Mkul lwilaya s wuṭṭun ines, seg yiwen alama d setta (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 d 6), tettmetil yiwet n lǧiha n tmurt nneɣ : tamnaḍṭ n les Aures, tamnaḍṭ n ugafa n Qsenṭina, tamnaḍṭ n Leqbayel, tamnaḍṭ n temdint n Lezzayer, tamnaḍṭ n Wehran d temnaḍṭ n wenẓul azzayri. Tis rebεa : Llant snat n tsequma i yzemren ad refdent leryuy : - C.C.E. : Anbaz n Tuqqna d Uselkem. - C.N.R.A. : Aseqqamu Aɣelnaw n Tegrawla Tazzayrit. C.C.E. llan deg-s 5 n iɛeggalen :

1- Abane Remdane 2- Ben Mhidi Larbi 3- Krim Belkacem 4- Benkhedda Ben Youcef 5- Dahleb Saad.

Di xemsa yid-sen ilaq ad ilin di temdint n Lezzayer. Lxuf n lmut neɣ n weḥbas-nnsen yezga. Xemsa-agi iɣella imuqranen n tegrawla ilaq ad idiren di lbaḍna. Zzgan ttbeddilen ixxamen. Yal wa ur yeẓri anda yella wemddakul-is. Ma ilaq ad myeẓren i wakken ad frun kra n temsalt, ilaq ad d-εeddin ɣef umusebbel ar aten- isemlilen. Ma yettwaṭṭef, ulac lxuf ɣef iɣella-nni.



C.N.R.A., netta, llan deg-s 34 n iɛeggalen. Yennejmaε 4 n tikkal ger 1956 d 1962 berra n tmurt, di Maṣer, di Libiya akked Tunes. Mbaεd Agraw n la Soummam, ṭṭrad yeḥma. Ula d agdud yedda-d s ṭṭaqa akked yimjuhad. Dag-i i d-iban wazal n yergazen am Abane Remdane d iɣella yellan yid-s. Tban-d tmusni-nnsen deg uselḥu n tegrawla. Akken ma llan iɣella n tegrawla ḥercen u ssnen, maca iɣleb-iten yakk Abane Remdane, yufrar-d fell-asen, iban-d d aɣella n tidet, yezmer ad yessexdem lɣaci u yessen aten-yessexdem. Ifehhem s lemɣawla u yal tamsalt yesεa-yas tifrat. Amennuɣ amuqran mgal irumyen d winna n temdint n Lezzayer umi qaren “la bataille d’Alger”. Nnan-d d akken d Ben Mhidi i yebɣan ad yexdem yiwen usended amatu (grêve nationale) di Lezzayer. Asundded-agi εewwlen-d ad tebdun ass n 28 yennayer 1957, di teɣzi n 8 n wussan. Wid yeṭṭfen rray-agi n usudded sɛan 3 yeswiyen bɣan a ten-awḍen :

1- Akraf n yal aḥerrek di tmurt n Lezzayer. 2- Abeggen belli agdud n Lezzayer yedda d yimjuhad deg

umennuɣ-nnsen mgal Fransa. 3- Asufeɣ n temsalt n Lezzayer ɣer berra n tmurt i wakken

ad slen yakk yis leǧnas. La grif teḍra-d ɣas akken Fransa thegga-d iɣallen-is i wakken ad tt-qerreε annect-en, abaεda di temdint n Lezzayer. Akk Izzayriyen nnan-d IH i wsiwel n CCE d Abane Remdane : ixeddamen, imzenza, ifellaḥen, inelmaden ḥebsen ɣef lxedma. Fransa tεewwel-d ad terẓ la grif-nni. Lεesker n Jacques MASSU llin s-ddreε tiḥuna, wwin ixeddamen ar imeḍqan n lxedma nnsen, nnɣan u ṭṭfen aṭas n izzayriyen. Seɣlin-d rrehba d lxuf deg ulawen n izzayriyen akken ma llan. Win ṭṭfen, ur d-yettuɣal ara. Deg-umennuɣ agi n temdint n Lezzayer i yeɣli Larbi Ben Mhidi. Yettwaḥbes ass n 22 furar 1957 u yettwanɣa ass n 3 meɣres 1957. D annect-agi i yeǧǧan imeddukal n Ben Mhidi di 4 yid-sen ad rewlen si tmurt asmi ten-yewweḍ lexbar belli yettwaṭṭef.



Aqlaɣ nessaweḍ-d ɣer wasmi yebda Abane Remdane yettmagar-d uguren it yessawḍen alami yettwanɣa s-leɣder s ufus n yerfiqen-is. Yewεer aṭas ɣef Abane Remdane i wakken ad yeffeɣ si Lezzayer. Yeɣli-d leḥzen ɣef ul-is. Aṭas n izzayriyen i yemmuten, i yettwaṭṭfen ɣer lḥebs. Ulac tawacult imenεen. Lmut n Ben Mhidi iḥulfa-yas aṭas Abane. Yella d ameddakel-is amuqran. Yir liḥala-agi simmal tettkemmil ɣef Abane. Di leεmer yemsefham netta d krim Belkacem. Gar-asen mačči kan d lḥiḍ, am ayen yellan gar igenni d lqaεa. Krim d argaz n umennuɣ, ma d Abane iḥemmel axemmem, tasertit. D tidet, Abane ismenyafi wid yeɣran. Ma yella yiwen ur yeɣri ara, iruḥ am akken iḥqer-it. Abane iteqqes s yiles-is. Ula d Krim ur yemniε ara seg-s. Amer yettaf kullec ad igerrez. Ilaq ulac win ara iɣelḍen di tegrawla. Annect-a iwεer ad d-yili imi ulac argaz ur nɣelleḍ ara. Mi yewweḍ ɣer Lmerruk, Abane yennuɣ netta d yiwen uqerru amuqran nniḍen n tegrawla : wagi d Abdelhafidh Boussouf. Ilummit ɣef tlata n tɣawsiwin : - Tamezwarut, acuɣer yessuli s lemɣawla Boumedienne. - Tis snat, acuɣer i yejmeε aṭas n yedrimen n tegrawla ɣur-s di Lmerruk, di lawan i deg ilaq ad d-aɣen yis leslaḥ. - Tis tlata, acuɣer l’FLN n lmerruk ur yekcim ara aṭas di tegrawla. Boussouf ur d-yenni awal, ur s yerri ara i Abane. Maca yecfa-yas u ad d-yerr ttar. Akka tura, Abane yesεa sin yeεdawen : Krim d Boussouf. Rrnu-d ɣer-sen ar taggara Ben Tobbal Lakhdar, aqerru n ugafa n Qsenṭina. Mi yewweḍ ɣer Tunes, mbaεd mi d-iεedda ɣef Lmerruk, Abane yufan liḥala ur tessefraḥ ara sɣur iqerra n tegrawla yellan din. Yal wa yettεassa wa, ala tadduyin wwaygarasen. Krim, Ben Tobbal d Boussouf zzgan ttlummun di Abane. Kra qaren-as d keč i d sebba n wayen yeḍran di la grêve nni n 8 wussan. Ttun d akken mačči ḥala Abane weḥd-s i yellan deffir n temsalt agi amaɛna llan di 5 yid-sen. Yerna ur nezmir ara ad d-nini d akken la grêve agi ur tenǧiḥ ara. Wiyaḍ qaren-d ɣef Abane belli netta di tidett d acengu neɣ d aɛdaw n tegrawla. Annect-a iban d tikerkas,



imi win yesεan imjuhad deffires mačči d Abane amaɛna d Krim, Boussouf d Ben Tobbal. Di tidet, ayagi akk yekka-d si tismin d timeḥzizwar ɣer leḥkum d umennuɣ ger iqerra anwa ara d-yekken s nnig wiyaḍ, am akken tḍerru di yal tamurt, di yal tagrawla. Xedmen kullec i wakken ad t-εezlen. Ggullen deg win ar as-immeslayen ula d awal. Ar taggara, udin-as tafxett. Ssutren deg-s ad iruḥ ar Lmerruk i wakken ad yefru yiwet n temsalt i d-yeḍran ger lεesker n Lezzayer d lεesker n Lmerruk. Abane ilaq-as ad yemlil d ugellid n Maruk i wakken ad yefru taluft-agi. Netta yuɣ lḥal ulac d acu yellan, d sebba kan. Iruḥ netta d Krim d Mahmoud Cherif, yiwen uqerru n l’Aures, deg yiwet n tnafagt. Yufan Boussouf yettraju-ten di Lmerruk. Dinna it-nɣan ass n 27 décembre 1957. - Ayagi d tadyant tameqrant n tegrawla tazzayrit. - D ass-is aberkan. - Amezruy d lmuḥal ad t-yettu axaṭar ur ilaq ara azzayri ad yenɣ gma-s azzayri ! Ayen deg aydeg ulac ccek : D Abane Remdane i yellan deffir n listiqlal n Lezzayer. Ma nenna-d d akken Abane Remdane d netta i d bab n timmunent, nesεa ttbut ɣef ayagi. Yerna d ttbut iṣeḥḥan. Tamezwarut, d netta, weḥd-s, i yessawḍen ad d-yejmeε, ad yessemlil izzayriyen d ikabaren isertiyen n lweqt-nni d iɣella-nnsen i wakken ad nnaɣen ɣef tmunent n tmurt. Ulac win yessawḍen ad yexdem ayen yexdem Abane. S kra n umennuɣ d-yeḍran si 1830 ur yewwiḍ ara ɣer yeswi acku iɣella n lawan-nni, ɣas akken sεan tissas, ur dduklen ara. D tagi i d tamsirt tamenzut : amgared yellan gar tagrawla n 1954 d tiyaḍ d-yellan uqbel-is, mi ara yeddukel wegdud, ad yaweḍ ɣer yeswi-s, akken yebɣu yiɣzif umecwar. D tadukli i d lsas n yal taɣawsa. Sebba tis sant is-yella Abane Remdane d bab n timmunent, d netta id-yessbedden tuddsiwin d yenbazen ɣef i tsenned tegrawla.



Tuddsa tekka-d s-nnig n wemdan, tessemlal daxel-is aṭas n yemdanen - d irgazen d tulawin - i izemren ad xemmen lwaḥid, ad mmeslayen ɣef webrid ar awin i wakken ad ssiwḍen ɣer yeswi-nnsen. Ar taggara, akken yebɣu yecceḍ Abane Remdane, maca ad yeqqim d winna i yneǧren abrid i wegdud azzayri i wakken ad d-yessukes timmunent-is, mbaεd yiwen n ṭṭrad annect-ilat anda azal n umelyun d nnefṣ imeɣrasen d timeɣrasin yeɣlin i tlelli n wegdud.

Remdane Abane


Salsa di Tipaza

Said ZANOUN

ajmilt n tikkelt-a, tasɣart textar-d tamdint tamesrart n Tipaza. D tamdint ḥemmlen akk medden, di lebda tettmaggar-iten s yiɣallen lɛeslama zeddigen.

Tamdint-agi ilaq ad nissin lbaḍna-s, lḥut-d ! ddut-d yid-i ad naker addud ɣur-s i wakken ad d-nagem yiwen usagem fessusen n tussna seg umezruy-ines i wakken ad nekkes acaḥuḍ n fad n wayen nesqeḍ ad t-nessin. Ma yella tudert s tewzel neɣ s teɣzi n lweqt tesɛa taggara-s, uleqrar tettraǧu-tt lmut. Ma yella d tussna, d lebda yettlal-d ujdid ɣef ujdid. Tussna dima d tilemẓit, leɛmer-is ur yettuneḥsab ara. Aql-aɣ la nleḥḥu ɣef zelmeḍ n tmanaɣt n Lezzayer iqublen lebḥer, mi nessuref i kra n temdinin ad aɣ-d-temmagger temdint-agi mechuren n Tipaza, umi imerzan i d-yettasen ttzurun-tt qqaren-as tamdint n ureɣ (la ville d’or ). Ula d tamdint n Cherchel qqaren-as akka. Ḥala snat temdinin-agi umi qqnen isem n wureɣ. Ayagi d ttbut n thuski n teslit. Mass Louis Bertrand, yiwen unaẓur afransi i imerrḥen deg-s yenna-d : «Ce site, c’est à la fois un des plus aimables et des plus grandioses de la méditerranée, une douceur extrême des teintes, une suavité, une mollesse toute italienne ». Ma yella d Mass Felix Lagrote, yiwen uselmad ameqqran, iṣewwer akk tamdint, cerqi berqi, netta yenna-d : «Le bonheur à Tipaza, c’était l’harmonie des ruines dorées sous les oliviers, les peins parmi les absinthes au

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bord de la mer, sur le fonds du Chenoua accroupi ». Amyaru ameqqran Albert Camus, netta daɣen yenna-d : «A Tipaza, je vois équivaut à je crois et je ne m’obstine pas à nier ce que ma main peut toucher et mes lèvres caresser, je n’éprouve pas le besoin de faire une œuvre d’art, mais de raconter ce qui est différent. Tipaza m’apparait un de ces personnages que l’on décrit pour signifier indirectement un point de vue sur le monde comme eux, elle témoigne, et virilement. Elle est aujourd’hui mon personnage et il me semble qu’à le caresser et le décrire, mon ivresse n’aura pas de fin ». Si zzman n zzman aqdim, akk Tipaza d lqurub n Ccenwa, tamurt, tekker-d d tamarkantit, lɣella-s meqqret, ssɛaya-agi tekka-as-d seg uẓru-ines n tfezza (la pierre calcaire ) akked usɣar i yellan s ṭṭaqa, sseqdacen-t s waṭas di lebwaber akked teflukin. Di lweqt n Rruman, Tipaza terna di tbuɣar s lɣella n tferrant (la vigne ) akked uzemmur yettruẓun tiseḍwa n tzemrin i d-yettarwen zzit mebla cceḥa. «On comprend que ce site aux souples ondulations, dominé par l’énorme masse du Chenoua, a été et fait fortune très tôt. La pierre calcaire et le bois abondaient jadis dans le pays. Dès l’antiquité romaine, la vigne s’y développa, mais c’est probablement l’olivier qui fût la principale ressource de la région ». Yuɣ lḥal ambaddal n ssuq yeshel-as imi iberdan llan wejden, lmersa tella, txuṣṣ kan leryaf n trusi d unaqel n sselɛa (les quais ). «Les communications étaient assurées par un réseau de bonne route. Le port de Tipaza, il est vrai, n’était pas bon, il n’avait pas de quai, mais il était en relation de commerce avec l’Espagne, la Gaule et l’Italie. Sans doute, s’en étant contenté, faute d’un endroit plus favorable ». Akkenni, s wuguren-agi, imzenzi irennu yettnerni, yettkuffut yettimɣur, ileḥḥu di tmura-agi i d-nebder. D amenqad (Emperreur ) Claude i yerran Tipaza d taḥrast n Rruman (colonie romaine ) di lweqt-nni anda agdud n tmurt n La Gaule (Fransa) mazal imezdaɣ-is ddaw umadaɣ, gganen deg yiɛecciwen, kessen deg yizuɣar.



Ddin n lmasiḥ umi d-nejren abrid irumaniyen yezwar yeẓẓa imɣi di Tipaza, ayagi yeḍra uqbel ad d-yeqqel d ddin unṣib n umsenqad (religion officielle de l’Empire ). «En effet, c’est l’Empereur Claude qui fit de Tipaza, vieille cité phénicienne, une colonie romaine, en un temps où La Gaule végétait encore sous les forêts et les pâtures. Le Christianisme qui semble avoir été florissant à Tipaza sous le bas empire, s’y était introduit de bonheur, avant même que l’édit de Milan ne décide de sa reconnaissance comme religion officielle de l’Empire. Prospérité qui explique l’importance des vestiges chrétiens : deux grandes basiliques, la chapelle de l’Evêque Alexandre, la Nécropole de l’Ouest. Sur ces pierres, plane le souvenir de la Sainte Salsa ». D tidet yella ttbut n waya, mazal aṭas igulaz n urumi (vestiges romains ) i d-yeggran ttwaneqcen s ufella n yeẓra i d-yesneɛtayen amezruy n Salsa, yiwet teqcict yesɛan 15 yiseggasen di leɛmer-is, d tilemẓit akken d tamecṭuḥt tuki-d, tumen s ddin n Sidna Ɛisa yettɛebbin seg wul iṣeḥḥan. S wurfan, Salsa tekker terẓa yiwen usbeddad (statut ) i ttɛebbiden wiyaḍ, tekkes-as aqerru, tḍegger-it ɣer lebḥer. Imcumen-nni, akken ad d-rren ttar, nɣan-tt s lmut tajehlit (masacrée ), ḍeggren tafekka-ines ɣer waman. Lebḥer amzun yugi ad yecrek, ad yeqqel d aẓekka n tfekka n ccahida, yennuɣna, yerfa, yekker yerwi ! yettemxebbaḍ d yiman-is, yencef ! lmujat ttkuffutent, ssḍent ! ttelint d asawen ɣef yidurar ! aḍu yettsuḍu yejhel ! yekker yiwen ilemẓi d anebɣas, isem-is Saturninus, am wakken yefhem ayen yebɣa lebḥer, isebbel tarwiḥt-is, ineggez ɣer daxel n waman yerwin akken ad d-yessali tafekka n teqcict Salsa. Imiren-nni kan, ters-d lehna ! Aḍu yekkes, yessusem, lmujat rrsent ! lebḥer yetthedden, yuɣal-d ɣer leɛqel-is. Aselmad Lagrote yenna-d belli ulac aṭas-aya, di Tipaza n wass-agi, mazal yella yisem n twacult Saturnino. Deg useggas n 430, inebbazen n Vandales i yesterwsen akk Tafriqt n Ugafa, aṭas n yimezdaɣ n temdint n Tipaza rewlen, zegren ɣer tmurt n l’Espagne, dinna i yuɣ yimɣi n uɛebbed n tmeɣrast Salsa yuɣalen d tamrabeḍt n urumi.



Di temdint n Tolède n tmurt n l’Espagne, llan wid mazal ttɛebbiden deg-s almi d lqern wis sebɛa, lameɛna ar ass-a ulac wid i d-yewwin ttbut n tfekka n Salsa anda tella. «Oui, avec l’an 430 débute l’invasion Vandale, l’Afrique du Nord est dévastée, toute la ville décide alors de s’enfuir en Espagne. Les restes de la jeune fille martyre furent-ils emportés ! C’est possible, car le culte de Sainte Salsa prit racine en Espagne. Gsell précise qu’on le célébrait encore à Tolède au 7ème siècle ». Am akka i la nettwali, tamdint n Tipaza, tamarkantit n umezruy tuklal ad tettwassen. «Oui ! Tipaza, mérite une visite, cette petite ville laisse de profonds souvenirs qu’on n’oublie jamais ! ».


Tamaziɣt ass-a,

tajmilt i yimezwura

Hamid BILEK

kken yebɣu yiɣzif yiḍ, leqrar-is ad yali wass. Iseggasen ttɛeddin imulliyen wa yeṭṭafar wayeḍ , mkul tafsut s tefsut-is, yal tafsut s rrebḥ-is, tɛedda

tefsut n tmanyin, tetbeɛ-itt-id tefsut taberkant. A d-assent tiyaḍ, ad ddunt deg uzamul n tid iɛeddan, imi abrid i d-neǧrent d win n tugdut, d win n tlelli, d win n tmaziɣt… Abrid si tefsut n tmanyin armi d ass n wass-a, tedda deg-s tmaziɣt amecwar ɣezzifen, ulama yenneḍ, ulama yeččur d isennanen, d iɛekkuren, anida d irgazen i yettwaḥebsen, d tirwiḥin i yettusebblen. Tɛedda tedyant n tmanyin tusa-d tin n xemsa u tesɛin anida azal n umelyun imeɣriyen i iḥebsen ɣef uɣerbaz, sebblen aseggas n tudert-nsen, aseggas deg uzekka-nsen i wakken ad skecmen tamaziɣt ɣer uɣerbaz. Di tefsut taberkant mmaren idammen n wacḥal d ilemzi… Ass n wass-a, ahat wid inuḍḥen seg iseggasen n 40 d 50, wid n iseggasen n 60 d 70, ur ttamnen ara iman-nsen mi ara walin anida yessaweḍ umennuɣ-nsen, amennuɣ mi id terfed dderya-nsen. Tɛedda tallit anida Dda lmulud, azamul n tmaziɣt yettwaḥbes, ugin-as ad d-yawi assarag di Tizi-Ouzou, ɣef tigemmi tamaziɣt, ɣef isefra iqburen n teqbaylit. Yeḍra wayen yeḍran, yedda zman, Ass-a aɣmis-nni it iregmen yuɣal yettzuxu s tmusni-ines, yettmagar, yesṭaṛḥib s leqdic i d-yettilin ilmend-is. Aya d amedya iwakken ad d-nini akken tebɣuḍ trewleḍ i tidet, akken tebɣuḍ tɣummeḍ lḥeq,

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akken tebɣuḍ, akken… Am win yettɣumun iṭij s uɣerbal, laṣel yettqellib ɣef laṣel, anaɣ yella deg wawal : tzemreḍ ad teskiddbeḍ ɣef yiwen yal ass, ad teskiddbeḍ ɣef medden yiwen wass, maca ur tezmireḍ ad teskiddibeḍ ɣef medden akk yal ass, qqaren daɣen: tidet am zzit, akken tebɣuḍ txelḍeḍ-tt, leqrar-is ad d-tifrir. Abrid n tidet, d abrit n laṣel, d abrid tmaziɣt di tmurt-is. D wagi kan ay d ṣwab. Seld tidyanin n 88, llint kra n tewwura, xelqen-d acḥal d akabar, acḥal d aɣmis, acḥal d tiddukliwin tidelsanin. Tamaziɣt yedda-d weḥric-is, ama d ikabaren, ama d iɣmisen, ama d tiddukliwin i iqeddcen tuget deg wennar n tmaziɣt, yal wa yefka-d ayen iwumi yezmer iwakken ad iɛawen tamaziɣt ad tali, ad taf iman-is di tmurt-is. Ger useggas n 90 d 91 lulen-d sin igezda (Departements) n tutlayt d yedles amaziɣ di Tizi ouzou d Bgayet. Deg useggas n 91 i tikkelt tamezwarut, tekcem tmaziɣt s wudem unṣib ɣer tiliẓri n lezayer s yiwen weɣmis n talɣut s tmaziɣt. Tiliẓri yellan yiwet n tallit teqqar-d ayen ur nezmir a d-nɛiwed ɣef imeɣnasen n tugdut, ɣef imeɣnasen n tlelli, ɣef imeɣnasen n 80. Maca ! Aneḥbus ɣef uɣerbaz di 95 yeslul-d Asqamu Unnig n Timmuzɣa, (tasuddut tamezwarut di timunent n Lezzayer iqeddcen i tmaziɣt), yessekcem tamaziɣt s aɣerbaz, aɣerbaz i deg ass-a llan deg-s azal n 250000 inelmaden, nnig n 1400 n isemaden n tutlayt tamaziɣt. Deg useggas n 2001 yekker ubaxix, yeɣli azal n 126 d ilemẓi ɣef tugdut, ɣef tlelli n wawal, akk d tmaziɣt. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal, tamaziɣt tḥella-d, tekcem di tmendawt deg useggas 2002, tuɣal d tutlayt taɣelnawt. Anwa yumnen ! Aseggas n 2009 yegla-d s tullya n tiliẓri tamaziɣt, u mazal lxiṛ ɣer zdat… Iwakken ad nilit nessaram s azekka yelhan, yelha ma nwala d akken yella wayen yettwaxedmen deg unnar agi n tmagit, n izerfan n wemdan, n teɣdemt, n tmaziɣt …atg. Lexṣaṣ yella, maca aqeddim yedda ɣer zdat, ɣer deffir tuɣalin ulac. Akken qqaren taqerɛunt ma yella tneṣṣef, yiwen ad tt-iwali tneṣef teččur, wayeḍ ad tt-iwali nefṣ



deg-s d ilem. Di sin sɛan lḥeq imi mxallafent tmuɣliwin, win yessaramen s ayen yelhan, ad tt-iwali la tettaččaṛ, ma d win yeddarɣlen, yettwalin siwa ṭlam wina ad yettwali taqerɛunt a tezazal, a tneggi. Wigi d wid yebɣan dɣa tamaziɣt ad tt-rren daxel n tqarɛunt, am wakken xeddmen i yiɣerdayen n tirmitin. Akken yebɣu yili lḥal, akken bɣunt mxallafent tmuɣliwin, tamaziɣt tuɣal d tilawt di tmurt-is. Tamaziɣt tekcem di tmendawt, tamaziɣt teṭṭef aḥric deg wennar n talɣut, tamaziɣt tekcem deg uɣerbaz azzayri, yiwen ur yezmir ad yenkeṛ. I wid yettwalin akken nniḍen, tamaziɣt ulac lxuf fella-s. Tamaziɣt tessutur deg-sen kkan ur tt-nnekren ara, ur tt-ttbeddilen ara s tayeḍ. Ayen isehlen akk di ccɣel-agi d ayen ilaq ad yexdem yal yiwen deg-neɣ, d ayen isehlen ɣef yal yiwen deg-neɣ : d ameslay gar-aneɣ s tmaziɣt, d ameslay i dderya-nneɣ s tmaziɣt, d wayi id “Le SMIG” di tudert n tutlayt. Yal aseggas tafsut a d-tuɣal, nessaram yis-neɣ, nessaram s tmaziɣt, s warraw n tmazɣa ad tif tid iɛeddan. Tamaziɣt ass-a teḥwag ad idirin warraw-is yid-s mačči ad mmten fell-as. Tajmilt ad tuɣal i wid isebblen tirwiḥin-nsen, tudert-nsen, seg iseggasen n ṛebɛin tarreḍ-d d asawen, Iɛegalen n Wegraw Imaziɣen (Academie Berbère), imeɣnasen n tmanyin, arrac n xemsa u tesɛin, arraw n tefsut taberkant, tiddukliwin tidelsanin d wid yakk yellan d imufiren, d iqeddacen n tmusni imi izad leqdic-nsen, iwakken yusa-d wass-a, anida akken s yenna winna: “Zik tamaziɣt tettawi ɣer lḥebas, ass-a tettawi ɣer tafat, ɣer tlelli i wakken ass-a ad yif iḍelli, azekka ad yif ass-agi”.


Awal ɣef wawal

Moh MEDJDOUB

wumi awal ? Awal iferru-t wawal, neɣ awal ad yefru awal. Awal ma yeqṣed ḥellu, ad yebnu maca ma yeqṣed rekku, ad

iteddu yetthuddu. Melmi awal ? Awal yettili anda yella wawal, amkan-is anda iwulem kan, mačči ɣer zdat, mačči ɣer deffir ; awal iteddu s lqis. Amek ara yili wawal ? Awal ma wezzil yefra, ma ɣezzif ad d-yefk kra. Awal ad yili yewzen deg iles n win yettmeyyizen akked win yettḥezziben. Ansi d-yekka wawal ? Awal d lsas n wemdan, yes-s i tbennu ddunit, yes-s i tettemsaɛqal talsawit, yes-s i ferrunt, yes-s i berrunt. Acimi awal ? Awal d asuɣu n yemdanen, acku yes-s i d-tnuzeɛ terwiḥt assen mi d-tlul. S wawal i neqqar : A bbuh i lbaṭel, abbuh a tidet, abbuh a tarda, abbuh ay ammus, abbuh ay izerfan-iw, ay amezruy-iw, ay idles-inu ; abbuh a timmad-iw, abbuh ay aẓar-iw.

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Azal n wawal S wawal i d-nḥekku, yes-s i nettargu ; s wawal i tent-nferru, yes-s i netthuddu akken a nebnu, s wawal i nzerreɛ ngemmer tamusni, yes-s i ntekkes lxiq mara yeččar wul, cwi kan yella wawal. Acukan lemmer awal s tidi a neggugem irkkelli ! Amek i yelha ? Yelha wawal mara yenneḍ sebɛa n tikkal deg yimi uqbel ad d-yeffeɣ. Yelha mara d-yeffeɣ i bennu akked usnerni n win ara s-yeslen. Yelha wawal icebḥen, iweznen ad yili d win iḥedqen, mačči d win iqebḥen. Yelha wawal amellal win zeddigen, mačči d awal aberkan win qessiḥen. Awal yefka-t-id bab n wawal akken ad yili nnig merra n wawalen n yemdanen. Yiwen d wiyaḍ Yella yiwen, llan wiyaḍ yecban winna ; acukan wigad nniḍen ur ttemcabin, ur cbin s ayen ilaq ad cbun, ur cbin ɣer yiman-nsen ; maca ttemcabin gar-asen. Cwikan yella wayen uɣur ttemcabin. Ula d amedyaz yewhem deg-sen, wigad-agi ɣillen bennun amezruy, netta wag-i yelha-d yid-sen, yerna ad d-qqaren wiyaḍ akken amezruy-agi mi tecḍeḍ kan ad tkecmeḍ ar ɣur-s, leqrun d leqrun wissen ma k-fdun. Ihi fiḥel awal ; yal yiwen ayen yezreɛ ad t-yemger, lqanun n ddunit akka…


Tabrat i yelli

Boussaâd BOUAICH

ss-agi la ttruɣ ! Mi nɣil merra d aqcic i la yettimɣuren deg uεebbuḍ n yemma-m, amejjay yenna-k :"Γef wayen akka ttwaliɣ d... taqcict".

Isusem. Cwiṭ akka yerna-d : "ulac ccek, d taqcict tamecṭuḥt i la ttwaliɣ". Yerna-yas-d d "tamecṭuḥt", am akken tezmerḍ yakan ad tiliḍ d tameqqrant ! Meɛna mačči d aya iɣ-iceɣben, yemma-m akk d nekk : ur numin ara ayen akken nesla "d taqcict" ! Ih, d taqcict ay at rebbi ! Nekkni yessarmen si tazwara a d-nesεu taqcict "tamecṭuḥt", nekkni yessarmen a kemm-id-nesεu. Allen-iw ččurent-d d imeṭṭi ; mmuqleɣ ɣer yemma-m, kif kif ttiriqent wallen-is... Ihi tura zemmreɣ am-in mmeslayeɣ, ad serseɣ ameẓẓuɣ-iw ɣef uεebbuḍ n yemma-m akken am-in-sleɣ tettembiwileḍ (bɣiɣ a d-iniɣ am tmerdedda, ugadeɣ ad teččḥeḍ). Tura yal ass ḥemmleɣ mi d-serseɣ afus-iw fell-am ay id-wteḍ s rkel akken qqaren. Anda ẓriɣ, ahat kemm s uqerru i d-tekkateḍ. Tikwal uqbel a y-id-yas yiḍes ttwaliɣ-kemm ger wallen-iw. Ttwaliɣ-kemm tleḥḥuḍ zdat-i, tafettust-im deg ufus-inu, nteddu, nteddu, nugi a neḥbes, nugi a neεyu. Kemm tezhiḍ, tettfeǧǧiǧeḍ, nekk akter. Mi d-uɣaleɣ ɣer leεqel-iw, afeɣ-d iman-iw : allen εemrent d imeṭṭi, ul yekkat am wakken yewwet zdat teqcict-nni i ḥemmleɣ i tikelt tamezwarut, acḥal iseggasen aya tura uqbel a d-mmagreɣ yemma-m deg webrid-iw.

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Acu ara m-iniɣ ? Γeṣbeɣ a d-tlaleḍ. Γeṣbeɣ a d-tiliḍ, a d-tiliḍ da, zdat-i, a kemm-ddmeɣ ger ifassen-iw. Ḥareɣ a d-tlaleḍ, ẓriɣ a d-εawdeɣ talalit yid-m, ẓriɣ a d-εawdeɣ talalit yess-m, ad uɣaleɣ d wayeḍnin. Ẓriɣ s tlalit-im ad uɣaleɣ ma ulac yakan d "baba", am wakken yuɣal d "lḥaǧ" winna i d-iẓuren Mekka. Nekk d dduḥ-im ara yuɣalen d Mekka-inu, fell-as ad tezziɣ alamma yezzi leεqel-iw. Yerna tura mi d-mmektaɣ, am-d-aɣeɣ dduḥ d ameqqran aɣ-yawin di sin, akken ula d nekk, yal mara teṭṭes yemma-m, a d-rewleɣ seg ussu i wakken ad ṭseɣ d tama-m. Am kemmini ad kemseɣ ifassen-iw ddaw umayeg-iw. Tigecrar-iw a tent-kerrfeɣ almi ḥuzant idmaren-iw am wakken lliɣ di tεebbuḍ n yemma. Imiren kemm ad tegneḍ, nekk ad ttmuquleɣ deg-m. Am-selfeɣ ɣef lḥenk-im, ad urareɣ s ufus-im, a kemm-rjuɣ akken alamma teldiḍ-d allen-im. Γas ma tεeṭleḍ, yecqa-kemm : ɣuri ad ḥesbeɣ iḍuḍan-im. Mi wwḍeɣ ɣer wis εecra, a sen-d-εiwdeɣ s wadda. Aha segger, ɣiwel imɣur-d. Ur ttaggad, heggaɣ-d yakan dacu ara nurar nekk yid-m. A nurar alamma neεya, xas a nsemmeḥ ula deg imekli-nneɣ, xas a nerr iman-nneɣ ur s-nesli ara i yemma-m mi ara ɣ-d-ssawal, mi d-suɣ fell-aɣ akken a nekfu turart. A nǧelleb, a nbessel, a nessimes lqecc-nneɣ. A neḍs s tufra di sin mi tt-neẓra tebda treffu. Mi nwala terfa dayen, a nruḥ di sin a s-nger iɣallen, a s-neḍleb smaḥ u a tt-nessuden, kemm ɣef yiwet n tiṭ, nekk ɣef tayeḍ... akken ur aɣ-d-ttwali mi ara nemmeɣmaz i wakken a d-nini : azekka ad as-nεawed."


Ɣef Salas d Nuja

Ferhat BALOULI

Tazwart

edder tmaziɣt seg wakud aqbur di timawit, wigad-is ur d-lhin ara d tira s tutlayt-nnsen am akken xedmen yegduden nniḍen, dɣa d ayen yeǧǧan tamaziɣt ass-a

ur tesεi ara tasekla yettwarun s waṭas, ayag-i d ayen isi d-lhan yemyura deg wezgen wissin n lqern yezrin (wis 20) dayen yebdan ahat akken ileq s ɣur Dda Lmulud di tesnilsit d welqaḍ n tmedyazt, maca tenulfa-d tira nniḍen icebbḥen tamaziɣt, tag-i d tin n ungal, dɣa banen-d aṭas n yemyura deg weḥic-agi, deg-sen Racid Ɛelic, Aεmer Mezdad yakk d Brahim Tazaɣart i yuran ungal-a i ɣef ad d-nemslay tikelt-a. Γef wungal Salas d Nuja Ungal-agi iwumi isemma mas Brahim Tazaɣert1 “Salas d Nuja” d yiwen ungal i d-yefɣen kan taggara-agi maca yaεǧeb imusnawen n weḥric-agi n tira, dɣa ɣef aya yettunefk-as warraz deg tfaska 1 Ur sεiɣ ara aṭas isalen ɣef tudert n wemyaru agi aceku ur d-mleleɣ ara akka tizrawin ɣef tira-yis maca netta am akka n tama-agi n Bgayet, yesεa yakkan idlisen nniḍen s tmaziɣt; amenzu d tulizin tid iwumi isemma « Lǧǧarat », yessεa daɣen amud isefra iwumi isemma « Nnig tira », diɣen kan akka ini yaru-d s iiɣmisen ɣef tmuɣliwin-ines, nezra d akken tulzin-ines llant deg yedlisen tmaziɣt n inelmaden iɣerbazen n tmurt nneɣ.

T



taɣlnawt n udlis iderrun myal asseggas di tmanaɣt n tmurt-nneɣ. Ma d ayen yerzan asentel i ɣef d-iyettmeslay, dɣa d win n tayri d wayen d-yezzin fell-as. Yebḍa wemyaru ungal-is ɣef tlata yeḥricen, amezwaru, win i wumi isemma “aṭan d uneɣni”, Yebda-t s umeslay-is ɣef lḥala n Salas ilemzi n 24 iseggasen ikecmen ɣer sbiṭar, ayen ara as-d- yawwin taruẓi d uneɣni ameqran imi netta ur izemmer ara akken d afella ad yurar adal iḥemmel, dɣa deg waḥric-agi yella-d umeslay s telqayt amek yedder Salas di sbitar, amek id-yefeɣ almi d-yewweḍ s axxam anda ur s yeεǧib ara lḥal maḍi, segmi yewwi-d acerrig n lebda deg uεebuḍ-is. Deg weḥric wis sin, win i wumi isemma wemyaru « timlilit », yewwi-d deg-s ameslay ɣef wamek d- tella temlilt ger Salas d Nuja, tin ara ad-ibanen ass ma ara iruḥ Salas d yemdukal-is ɣer yil yellan di tama ihin n Bgayet, dɣa ɣer tɣiwant-nni i wmi neqqer “Bulimaṭ” neɣ “Jerba” s yisem-is n tidett, din id- teḍra timlilt ger sin yemsikkiren « acteurs » id-nuder yag-i, ayag-i yella-d ass mi teɣreq Nuja d medden mera ur zmiren ara ad gren a tt-id-ksen si rahba n lmujat n yil yerwin, alla Salas id-yugmen tabɣest, yenṭeg akken a tt-id-yessukkes deg uqemuc n yil, ɣer taggara s tallelt n iεewamen n uwanek (état) yessaweḍ Salas a tt-id-yesukes si lemwaji alarmi d-tefeɣ s aftis, sin tebda tmusni, din tlul tayri ger ilemziyen, almi d ass mi d-tewweḍ taggara n uḥewes d umereḥ-nnsen di Blimaṭ, mfaraqen maca mačči s wulawen, myal yiwen yuɣal s axxam-is. Deg waḥric aneggaru, win i wumi isemma wemyaru:« tazmert n tayri » yulli Salas ɣer lezzayer tamanaɣt akken ad inadi ɣef Nuja acku ur s-d-tefki ara tansa-ines, maca yecfa kan d akken tenna as-d teqqar deg ussegas wis tlata di tseddwit n lezzyer, am akken is-d-tenna teqqar tujya, sin akken yewwi-d wemyaru aṭas ɣef yensayen-nneɣ acku Nuja tella tettuεellaq i mmis xal-is ɣas akken nettat u tebɣi ara, ɣer taggara Salas yemlal d Nuja ɣer tama n tseddawit, meslayen tεawed-as-d ayen is-d-tena ɣef yimmi n yil, tegul-as-d d akken tḥeml-it akken ur teḥmil yiwen, netta daɣen yeččur-as ul-is d ayen tebɣa, maca amyaru yezzi yemeslay-d ɣef umennuɣ i texxdem



Nuja deg wexxam akken yemmas ad ter aḍar ɣef taluft n zwaǧ-is d Ṭyeb mmis xal-is « neɣ mmis n gmas n yemmas » d wamek yugi babas ad yeddu lebɣi i tmettut-is di taluft-agi, ɣas akken di tidett d babas « nneɣ jeddis n Nuja » i yεelqen taqcict. Гer taggara n ungal, yemlal Salas d Nuja di yiwet n tɣilust, dina ɣer tama tesdawit, teḥka-yas-d amek teqqim ugar n sin wussan yezrin di texxamt-is, ur tečči ur tesswi i wakken kan ad zren imawlan-is d akken tugi win ɣur tt-qqnen, sin tecud mera assirem-is ɣer babas is-d-yennan ɣɣar kan ayen nniḍen d cɣel-iw, ɣer taggara, myennan acḥal myaḥmalen, sin ifeq Salas d akken Nuja tettak anzi ɣer yemmas yemmuten teǧǧat-id kan akken d aqcic, s wakka tamacahutt tefeɣ ɣer tagara yeldin, ur zwijen ur friqen. Tamuɣli taseklant ɣer ungal Tafekka n ungal-agi tezzi ɣef sin imsekkiren (acteurs) “Salas” d “Nuja”, tella ger-asen yiwet n tayri taqesḥant, ur yerẓi ara wakud d teɣzi iberdan neɣ lewεer n yensayen-nneɣ, di tira-s mass Brahim Tazaɣart yedda abrid n tsekla tilawit (réalisme)2 (dɣa d wag-i i d abrid iddan aṭas n yemyura n tmaziɣt ass-a) ayen d-yettbanen s useqdec n tgawin yellan di tilawt, sin yefka-yasent wumyaru cwiṭ n tbeḥritt tẓuri, acku iccud timsal akken iwata, ta deffir ta, ahat mačči akken iḍrant di tilawt maca kkan-t-d ssin. Dɣa tira tilawit tettak azal aṭas i weglam acku yess id-tettban tira d aken tcud ɣer tilawt akken iwata, ma yella d asemres-is; yettban-iyi-d d akken yesqedc-it wemyaru deg waṭas n tegnatin ɣas akken aya-gi yekcem di tbadut n uglam3 maca zemreɣ ad d-iniɣ d akken amyaru yekcem di tlufa lqayen n wayen id-yeglem, yewwi-d ɣef imeḍqan4 ɣef yemdanen5 ɣef iɣrsiwen6 d wayen nniḍen.

2 Wikipèdia, réalisme (littérature). 3 Walli di temsalt: Kania Rabdi: Tasekka n uglam, di tmaziɣt tura , uṭṭun 04, HCA, yennayer 2010, as. 35. 4 Brahim Tazaɣert, Salas d Nuja, as.60. 5 Kifkif, as 93- 101- 116 – 143. 6 Kifkif, as 69.



Deg wayen id-nefren di tezrawt-agi-nneɣ, dɣa d amek id-yeglem wemyaru imeḍqan i deg yezdeɣ Salas, yenna-d: « d akessar, akkin i wassif yettnazaεen tafat treqq ɣef yigejda, daxel yexxamen, ɣef lǧammeε ibedden di tlemast n Bujlil id-iqublen . Nnig n taddart-nni, adrar at Ɛebbas yebded d leεnaya. Гer tama tyefust, allen ttruhunt ttuɣalent ger Taɣza d At Mensur d assawen nnig n Tezmalt, ɣer tama-s adrar n weɣbalu yettecεuεul….»7 tukkist-agi id-nekkes seg unegal tettmeslay-d ɣef tama i yezdeɣ Salas, dɣa yewwi-d wemyaru ameslay-agi ɣef uneɣni yeṭṭfen Salas deg yiwen yiḍ akkenni, ssin yerrat-tt i umuqel ɣer tudrin id-yezzin i taddart-is8 di tira yezmer wemyaru ad d-isemmi kan tudrin maca aya as-yekkes rruḥ i tsekla-s, dɣa d ayen-i yeǧǧan amyaru yeseqdec akk ismawen d-tefyirin i wummi rriɣ aceriḍ s ddaw-nsent, amedya n “wassif yettnazaεen” wag-i dɣa yerna-as-d wemyaru ayen ur nessin ara deg-s, acekku yezmer ad d-yinni kan “assif” ass mi is-d-yerna ‘yettnazeε’ dɣa ihuz allaɣ imeɣri, yesufeɣ-it ɣef tutlayt musnawen, yeskecem-it ɣer tẓuri d wayen icudden ɣur-es. S umata greɣ tamawt deg ungal-a d akken anales(narrateur) yeggar-d iman-is aṭas, ladɣa s ttawil-agi n weglam, llan-t tikkwal anales yettmeslay-d alma d asebter neɣ ugar, am deg usebter 96-97 neɣ di 137… am akken ad d-naf di tira tilawit n Brahim Tazaɣert ulac aṭas n tugniwin, ɣas akken kan akka ini tεedd-id yiwet am tin i deg d-yenna Dda Ɛmer (yiwen seg imuḍan yellan d Salas di sbiṭar) « salas, ttḥadar iɣes-nni uḥutiw tettawiḍ ɣef uεebuḍ-ik, ma tkecmeḍ yess ɣer waman yezmer ak-yerwel…» dɣa yerra wemyaru nfadi lexyḍa ucerig d-yeggran si temhelt n ucellaḥ (operation chirurgical) n Salas amzun tafekka n yislem, ayen yefkan aṭas n cbaḥa i tira. Maca akken yebɣu yilli, yettban-iyi-d wemyaru-nneɣ yeḍfer akken iwata isuḍaf n tira tilawit. 7 Kif kif, as 60-61 8 Di tidet tudrin-agi lant di talast ger twleyt n Tubirett akk d Bgayet ɣef yimmi n wasif Ɛebbas (neɣ summam akken imusnaw).



Tamuɣli tasnilsant ɣer ungal Akken yesseqdac wemyaru ttawilat n tẓuri yecban aglam d tugniwin d wayen nniḍen, ad d-naf d akken ɣer taggara yesseqdec daɣen iles-is neɣ tutlayt-is, s wakka di tmuɣli-nneɣ ɣer waḥric-agi ad naf mas Tazaɣart yeseqdec imeslayen imaynuten, ahat id-yerna netta ɣer tmaziɣt, am akken yesseqdec awalen ijenṭaḍen neɣ ireḍel-d seg tutlayin nniḍen am taεrabt d tefransist. Si tama n ureṭṭal, sukseɣ-d aṭas imeslayen i yeseqdec wemyaru deg weḍris-ines id-yekkan si tmeslayin nniḍen am: abuksur, amutur, takiluṭ, rubini, akulwar, afutay… S umata nezmer ad d-nini d akken akk awalen-agi seqdacen-ten yimdanen di tidett, akka s talɣa ureṭṭal; ayag-i daɣen d ayen yellan akk di tutlayin n ddunit, maca iban-iyi-d si tama-w d akken imyura ilaq ad d-afen ttawil i yimeslayen yesεan yakkan isem s tmaziɣt, dɣa amyaru-nneɣ yeseqdec aṭas n tikwal sin wawalen yesεan yiwen unamek; yiwen s tmaziɣt, wayeḍ d areṭṭal dayen ara nnwali deg tfelwit-agi9 :

Tutlayin Isebtar

aṛeṭṭal tamaziɣt

28/29 lebḥar il 51/91 smana ddurt 64/135 ijernanen iɣmisen

Deg tfelwit-agi nekes-d kra imeslayen deg unegal, nfern-d wid id-yussan s snat n talɣiwin tin ureṭṭal d tin n tmaziɣt, ayag-i di tidett yettbegin-d d akken di tmaziɣt mazal yella umenuɣ ger sin wawalen-agi, am akken mazal ur ireṣṣa ula d yiwen deg-sen, ɣas akka nekkni nebɣa ad yettef wina n tmaziɣt, maca tidett ad d-teqqar ayen nniḍen10, ɣer taggara, akken yebɣu yilli lḥal yettban-d deg

9 Ger tamawt d akken llan sin isebtar deg yal tabaṭ n tfelwit-agi, amenzu d win I deg d-yedda wawal n tmaziɣt wis ssin d asebtar i deg d-yedda wawal n tefranssist yesεan yiwen unamek netta d wina n tmaziɣt id-yettwabedren qebel-is. 10 Di tmuɣl-iw yettban-iyi-d d akken awi yufan ad neseqdac imeslayen tmaziɣt axir, maca akken izen ad yelḥq ɣer imeɣri tikwal ileq anseqdec n wawalen-agi n



imedyaten-agi d akken mass Brahim Tazaɣert inuda-d awalen iwulmen i yesntal-ines, maca aseqdec-nsen mazal yetthabi-t ; imi tella kan tugdi-agi : ur yettaweḍ ara yizen ɣer imeɣriyen. Si tama nniḍen, nger tamawt d akken mas Tazaɣart yerẓa cwiṭ ixef-is akken ad yaff kra imeslayen imaynuten i kra n tɣawsiwin d-yemlal di tira-s akk d tudert-is, dɣa nḥawec-d kra am :

Awal amaynut s tamaziɣt Anamek-is s tafransist Taxxamt ussired Salle d’eau Ẓerb n webrid Clôture de l’extérieure

Aεewdiw temzizelt Cheval de compétition S umata yettban-d d akken awalen-agi id-yesnulfa wemyaru d awalen uddisen, am akken cudden wawalen-agi ɣer kra n tɣawsiwin id-yettemlili wemdan aṭas di tudert-is, dɣa a win yufan ad yili wahil amqran di tlufa n usemmi akk n isufar-agi id-tewwi tɣerma n wass-a, am akken yeseqdec wemyaru aṭas n wawalen imaynuten id-snulfan wiyaḍ am : ifrayen, anafag… ayen d-yesebganen temɣer n wahil n wemyaru. Awal n taggara : ameslay ɣef tsekla n tmaziɣt ass-a, neɣ ungal-agi n mas Brahim Tazaɣert ur yezmir at yerfed yiwen weḍris kan, maca nessaram ad yili wegraw n imusnawen di tlufa-agi akken ad fernen ayen yelhan d wayen n diri di tira n wass-a, s tamma-w ungal-agi « Salas d Nuja » iban-iyi-d ger ungalen yelhan nezzeh, deg-s aṭas iɣuraf n tayri di tmetti-nneɣ sarameɣ a t-ɣren medden, ad arnun aɣ-d-fken tamuɣli-nnsen akken aɣ-d-ldin alen ɣef ayen ur nwala ara, ama yelha ama dirit.

ureṭṭal, dɣa iwakken anezger taluft-agi yettban-iyi-d ileq amyaru ad yaru awalen issin ger tucer di tikelt tamenzut ara ten-id-yadder deg unegal-is akken ad εeqlen imeɣriyen anamek-nnsen ama s wawal ureṭṭal ama s win n tmaziɣt, ma d ass ma ara s d-iεwed deg isebtar nniḍen ad yettader kan awal n tmaziɣt axir.

TULLIST


Cciṭan

Ahmed HAMOUM

qubel ufellaḥ amejjay ibedden sdat umeṭreḥ n temɣart i tekcem tmettant. Tethedden, d taṣebrit, d taɛeqlit, lmendad-is sin n yirgazen-a iwumi tesmeḥsis mi

ttmeslayen. Nettat ha-tt ɣef tizi n rrwaḥ, iwweḍ-d lajel-is ; ur tugad ur tenḥerwat, ɣer-s tnin u tesɛin d aseggas. Seg ṭṭaq d tewwurt ibrarḥen, iṭij n ṣṣmayem ittgeffiɛ iliz ines aḥmayan ɣer tɣerɣert n wakal azerdxan, iččuren d imdunen i ɛefsen yiḍarren n wacḥal d tasuta. Achili igellu-d s tariḥt n yiɣewdan ; tariḥt n usaɣur, tariḥt n yifer d yizellafen isreɣ yiṭij n uzal. Abẓiẓ d werǧeǧǧi uɣen lexlawi s tijjiqin-nsen icban alelluc i ttɛebbiẓen i s-tturaren yigerdan ; mi iḥbes yiwen, ad ikemmel wayeḍ. Amejjay, issali taɣect-is, inna : - A Umesɛud ! Ur ilaq ara ad teǧǧeḍ yemma-k iman-is deg tegnit icban ta ; ad temmet deg yimir ɣer wayeḍ. Iḥzen ufellaḥ, issenduder anyir-is, inna : - Issefk ad d-jemɛeɣ irden-iw ; acḥal aya i ǧǧiɣ lɣella-w berra ! Ma ulac ad tḍaɛ. Lḥal ilha, neɣ d acu twalaḍ a yemma ? Megduda tamecḥaḥt, i d-icfan i lqella d ẓẓmik, teqbel ; tesɣel-as i mmi-s s uhuzzu n ccfer d timmi. Ikker ad iruḥ, tɛemmed-as ad tt-yeǧǧ ad temmet bla amwanes. Izɛef umejjay, iddez lqaɛa s uḍar-is : - Keččini d abhim, tesliḍ ! Ur dak ttserriḥeɣ ara ad tt-txedmeḍ, tfehmeḍ neɣ ala ? D ulaqrar ! Irna ma terra tmara, ruḥ nadi-d

II



tamlawit ara k-iɛassen mamma-k. Nessali lehdur ! Ma tgummaḍ, ad k-ǧǧeɣ ad temmureḍseḍ am uydi asmi ara taḍneḍ ; ad k-id-terr tmara ɣer-i, tesliḍ ? Afellaḥ d ameḍɛafu, ifget11, ala iɣessan i yas-d-iggran, ambiwel ines s taẓẓeyt, itqelleq aṭas, izga-yas-d wugur d imḥegger ; tugdin n umejjay d lɣella-s i t-ihban i t-iggunin. Ikukra, isseḥseb, istewtew : - S wacḥal ara yi-d-ittqami wazal n tɛessast ? - Anda ẓriɣ nek ? Tuɣal ɣer wacḥal n lweqt ara tt-tɛass. Msefham yid-s a ssiɛqa ! Ḥlaǧeɣ-tt ad d-tili dagi deg ssaɛa, tesliḍ ? Ihegga iman-is ad iffeɣ : - Aql-ih ad ruḥeɣ, ad ruḥeɣ ! Ur reffu ara a Sidi Ṭṭbib ! Amejjay iṭṭef abrid-is, yeǧǧa din mmi-s n Mesɛud, iteddu issawal : - Tɛelmeḍ, haaa ! Ulac ɣer-i tiqecmeɛt mi ara zeɛfeɣ ! Segmi i d-iqqim iman-is, izzi ɣer yemma-s, inna-yas : - Imi akka i ibɣa, ad ruḥeɣ ad nadiɣ ɣef Melxir. Ṣber s imir ad d-uɣaleɣ. Iffeɣ ula d netta, iǧǧa yemma-s tesred ɣef wussu. Melxir, d yiwet tmeṭṭut icennun deg lfuruḥ, tettcewwiq, tettɛawaz deg yixxamen n nnɛi, tessirid timettanin, tettxiḍi fell-asent lekfen. Tesbeḍ, tejjex am tteffaḥt taqdimt. D tamaɛurt, d tudɣilt, d tamecḥaḥt armi d dihin, - tẓemmi izi deg zzit - aɛrur-is iqwej am yiqwi seg ṭaqqa n leɛtab d uxeddim izgan fell-as ; ɣef waya, i yas-ssawalen Tabuɛrurut. Qqaren-d : “Lferḥ ines ameqqran, mi ara twali amdan isselqaf”. Ur thedder ara maḍi ala ɣef leṣnaf n nnɛi akked yimdanen iwumi teḥḍer mi suffɣen rruḥ ; tettales-iten-id akk, ur tettaǧǧa acemma seg wayen twala neɣ tesla, tceffu fell-asen, ur as-iɛerreq yiwen ; teḥfeḍ-iten akken iḥfed umẓallu lḥemdu. Mi ikcem Umesɛud s axxam n Tbuɛrurut, yufa-tt tettheggi aman i useɣmu n yiẓeḍwan ; d nettat i iɣemmen i sut taddart timendilin n lluk d tid n uzegza. Inna-yas : - Mselxir fell-am ! Amek i tettiliḍ a Nna Melxir ? - Akken ibɣa Rebbi, ad t-neḥmed ad t-necker, i kunwi ? 11 Ifget : ikkaw, ffɣen-t waman (= déshydraté).



- Uuuh a Nna Melxir ! Nniɣ-am, nek labas, ma d yemma eheee ! - Yemma-k ? - Ih, d yemma ! - D acu i yuɣen yemma-k ? - Ha-tt-an la awal la sin, ala rruḥ ittali iṭṭar. D nettat i yi-d-iceggɛen. Tameṭṭut tsuffeɣ-d ifassen-is seg waman, iseg ttudument tmiqwa iluɣen s uzegza, tteḥnuccuḍent ɣer yixfawen n yiḍudan, sakkin smaqayent ɣer tkirwant12. Din-din terra-yas-d s uɣiḍi d leḥnana : - Tenṭer akk annect-a ! - Inna-yi-d umejjay belli ur d-ittuɣal ara ɣer-s. - Ihi iɛedda lqecc-is, ad nemmet akk d nnuba ; amezwaru ɣer din, aneggaru ɣer din ! Isguyez Umesɛud acemma, iɛreq-as wamek ara d-issu i wawal. Imi ur d-yufi ara, dɣa iɛzem inna-yas : - Acḥal ilaqen akken ad tt-tɛasseḍ alamma d taggara ? Teḥsiḍ ur lliɣ ara d bab n ssɛaya, zemreɣ kan ad xelseɣ taqeddact. Aṭas i tettumerret tmeɣbunt n yemma ; txeddem azal xeddment ɛecra tlawin xas tnin u tesɛin deg leɛmer-is, d leɛtab i tt-issawḍen ɣer waya. Ur as-d-nessawaḍ deg wacemma ! Tabuɛrurut, teẓra-t s anda iteddu, dɣa tefra-yas-tt-id : ‘‘Llant kan snat ssumat : ‘‘Xemsemya duru i wass d rebɛa alaf i yiḍ i yimerkantiyen. Teltemya duru i wass d tlata alaf i yiḍ i wiyiḍ. Keč ad iyi-d-tefkeḍ teltemya duru akked tlata alaf.’’ Umesɛud xas d afellaḥ, maca d bu tḥiltin d tḥerciwin ; issen mliḥ yemma-s, iẓra amek tella d taṣebrit ; tezmer ad ternu ddurt kamel, xas akken inna-d ṭṭbib belli ur tettɛeṭṭil ara. Inna-yas : - Ala ! Bɣiɣ ad iyi-d-txedmeḍ ssuma seg tura ar taggara. Ad neɛreḍ sseɛd-nneɣ i sin ; am kemm am nek. Inna-yi-d ṭṭbib ar deqqal ad tɛeddi. Ma akka ara teḍru, ilha-yam i kemm, diri-yi-it i nek, xas idda-yi cwiṭ ulac deg-s. Ma illa teqqim ar azekka neɣ tɛeṭṭel, ilha-yi i nek, iruḥ-am i kemm. Akka ! Fell-am fell-i. 12 Takirwant : lḥila tahrawant ur ɛlayet ara, tcuba ɣer ssḍel (= une cuvette).



Tedhec tɛessast seg wayen i yas-d-isumer ufellaḥ, tbedd tettmuqul-it ; werǧin i temsewwaq d wabɛeḍ s ujemmal ɣef tɛessast n lmegget. Tebɣa ad tjerreb takti-agi n zzher, maca tkukra. Dɣa tcukk-it ittnadi ad tt-ikellex. Maca, xas netta iḥrec iẓwer ; nettat, ur tettaɣ ara lḥut deg lebḥer. - Ur ak-qqareɣ walu skud ur ẓrint wallen-iw yemma-k. (i yas-terra) Ruḥ-d ad tt-teẓreḍ ! Tesfeḍ ifassen-is, teḍfer-it din-din. Deg ubrid mi leḥḥun, yiwen ur ihdir i wayeḍ. Tabuɛrurut, tzerreb tisurifin-is tin ɣer tin ; ma d Umesɛud, iggar isurifen imeqqranen amzun s yal asurif ad izger asif. Tisita, ṭṭsent deg yilmaten, iḍɛen-itent uzɣal, refdent iqerray-nsent s taẓẓeyt, srugmutent i yimdanen-a iɛeddan, ḍemɛent seg-sen aḥenǧuf n rrbiɛ aleqqaq. Akken uẓan s axxam, istewtew Umesɛud, inna : - Lemmer ad tili temmut ! Ɣer-s ayen i yas-illan d takti, iqqar-it yimi. Maca, Megduda mazal ur temmut ara. Teẓẓel tinnegnit ɣef usgen n lḥif, iɣallen-is sufella n zzawra tamurit, aglim inṭeḍ ɣef yiɣes, ifassen kkawen ḍeɛfen, iḍudan-is iwwet zellum, kersen kemcen kemsen, cban tiqejjirin n tfireɛqest, rnu leɛtab seg yiqeddicen s teɣzi n tudert i yas-izwin tazmert. Tuẓa Tbuɛrurut s ameṭreḥ, tḥekker mliḥ deg temɣart, tesferfed s afelluc-is, tɛebbeẓ-as ɣef uẓar, tesmeḥses-as mi isselqaf d idammen, tnul-itt deg yidmaren, tesla-yas tesnuffus, testeqsa-tt, tmuqel-itt mliḥ, sakkin teffeɣ ɣer sdat tewwurt, iḍfer-itt Umesɛud. Tefrat-tt d rray-is dakken tamɣart ur tessawaḍ ara ɣer yiḍ. Issuter-as Umesɛud : - Amek ihi ? Terra-yas-d tɛessast : - Ahat ad ternu sin wussan neɣ tlata. Ad iyi-d-tefkeḍ xemseṭṭac n alef, kulci idda. Irfed leɛyaḍ : - Xemseṭṭac n alef ! Xemseṭṭac n alef ! Deg leɛqel-im i telliḍ ? Maca nniɣ-am ɣer-s kan xemsa neɣ setta sswayeɛ ma aṭas !



Meslayen ddeqs, zeɛfen i sin. Mi akken ur msefhamen ara, tebɣa Tbuɛrurut ad tebṭel. Tin ɣer-s lweqt ittɛeddi, am wakken daɣen Umesɛud yugad ad as-qqimen yirden, ɣer taggara yuɣal iqbel : - Ihi akka, xemseṭṭac n alef, kulci idda alamma d tarda. - Nemsefham, xemseṭṭac n alef. Iṭṭef Umesɛud abrid-is, iruḥ issuruf s iger ines iṭṭsen ɣer lqaɛa seg ṣṣaba, deg yimir iṭij isruɣuy. Tekcem tɛessast s axxam, tegla s wayen ara texdem deg lawan n lɛessa. Imi ula ɣer tama n lmeggtin neɣ wid ittmettaten, ur tessin aḥbas ; trennu lecɣal ama i yiman-is, ama i wid-nni i tt-issexdamen am fessu n taḍuṭ, aqerdec-is akked tullma-as akken ad ternu lijara ɣer tmezwarut. Cwiṭ kan temmekta-d, tenna-yas i temɣart : - Iwwi-yam-d amrabeḍ ? - “Ala !’’ (i yas-terra s uqerruy-is) Dɣa tekker tɛessast illan d taxunit, tewwet tbedd, tenna-yas : - Tura ad d-awiɣ ccix n lǧameɛ. Temmeɣ s axxam n ccix. Walan-tt warrac deg ubrid mi tserreḥ d tazzla d aqlaqel ; nwan illa kra n uqriḥ iḍran. Din-din iruḥ-d ccix izwar-d umɛawen-is, d yiwen yilemẓi axuni ur nesɛi imawlan, yusa-d seg taddart-niḍen. D ccix i t-ijemɛen, irra-t d aqeddac-is ; ittazen-it ɣer lqeḍyan, izeddem-as-d, ittagem-as-d, d netta i ittadanen, tikwal ma ulac ccix ittẓalla s wat taddart, ittxellis-it s teḥdert n uɣrum. Irgazen imeggren deg lebɛed, bedden ttmuqulen-ten armi ɛeddan. Tilawin ijemmɛen tadliwin d irinen, beddent, refdent afus ayeffus, s uḍad ttcehhident. Tiyuzaḍ ineqqben imenda13 deg rrif n ubrid, xerrant, ldint afriwen rrant d tarewla sqaqayent, syin mfaraqent ur banent. Ajḥiḥ ikessen deg telmat, mi ten-iwala s llbus imellalen ttazzalen yugad, itezzi i tagest iɣer iqqen, ittneggiz ittṣukku. Ccix-nni amecṭuḥ, xfif, iserreḥ d tazzla. Ccix ameqqran, deffir-s isleblub tisurtin. Tabuɛrurut d taneggarut, teḍfer-iten tleḥḥu s uzagur iknan amzun d annuz deg

13 Imenda : zerriɛa (= des graines).



lemqam n lawliyya ṣṣaliḥin d yiɛessasen. Umesɛud, iwala-ten, issers amger iqusem-asen, isseqsa Tabuɛrurut : - S anda akka iteddu ccix-nneɣ ? - Wwiɣ-t-id ad as-icehhed i yemma-k, ɛni tettwaqbal cchada n tlawin ? Irna, ad iɣer fell-as, ad as-idɛu akken ad issifses fell-as tamettant. Idhec ufellaḥ, imir yuɣal ɣer ccɣel-is. Deg uxxam, issendi ccix urawen-is idɛa s lxir i temɣart, issarem-as lǧennet d rreḥma, ismar-as tisewwilin14 n lbaraka… Sakkin iɣra-yas taldayt15, issuden ifassen-is, - amin a Rebbi ! – yuɣal ansi d-ikka, iǧǧa snat tlawin-a deg uxxam ideg irekkem uzɣal. Tabuɛrurut teskad Megduda issukufen, tesseḥseb ; tugad ammer ad tdum deg tegnit-a ideg tella. Ikfa wass, teɣli-d tesmuḍi n tmeddit, ibda ubeḥri ittsuḍu ittzuffu, issafag tugna iṭṭfen deg lḥiḍ s sin yimessaken, ikkat ad tt-id-iqleɛ. Isabaren16 n usfaylu illan zik d icebḥanen, tura werraɣit, ɣman s tneqqibin i ḍfin yizan, ula d nutni kkaten ɣer berra d daxel, issafag-iten waḍu, bɣan ad frefren ad ffɣen am rruḥ n temɣart. Nettat, temreṣ deg usgen-is, allen ldint amzun tettraju tamettant iqerben maca tgumma ad d-teɛjel. Nnefs ines, ittḍaq, iḥebbes-as deg tgerjumt, iteffeɣ-d s leḥris. Mazal kan ad iṭṭiqef, ad tenqes yiwet tmeṭṭut ur nettɣaḍ ula d yiwen deg dunnit. Azekka-nni mi d-iɣli yiḍ, ikcem-d Umesɛud s axxam. Yuẓa s ameṭreḥ n yemma-s, iwala mazal-itt tedder, inna : - Labas i tella ? (Am wakken iqqar yal tikkelt ara tt-id-yaf deg yir tagnit) Sakkin iweṣṣa Tabuɛrurut ad truḥ s axxam-is : - Ihi ar azekka ɣef lxemsa, ɣurem ad kemm-iɣder yiḍes ! - Ar azekka deg lehna ɣef lxemsa.

14 Tasewwilt, taseggwilt (ti – in) < (t)aswel(t) : agbur n sin wurawen idduklen (= contenu de deux paumes de mains jointes). 15 Taldayt : tasuret n Leqran ‘‘L’fatiḥa’’. 16 Asaber (i _ en, isubar) : aceṭṭiḍ isberbiren ɣef ṭṭaq (= un rideau).



Dɣa, swa-swa, azekka-nni tewweḍ-d deg tafrara, deg yimir illa iggar tijeɣlin n seksu n ṣṣabeḥ. Testeqsa-t tɛessast : - Amek tella taṣebḥit-a ? - Ass-a axir ! (i yas-irra Umesɛud) Sakkin iṭṭef abrid-is iffeɣ. Tabuɛrurt i tceggeb temɣart, turef, tetqelleq, yuli-itt ukefrir d uḥeccir. Tuẓa ɣer-s, twala-tt ur tbeddel ara, akken i tt-teǧǧa i tt-id-tufa ; terked, allen ldint, ifassen kecbubren ɣef tduli amzun tugad ad as-terwel. S wakka, taɛessast teḥṣa-tt d tin ara irnun sin wussan, rebɛa wussan, aṭas n wussan. Iwwet yiɣisi deg wul n tmecḥaḥt, tḥuza-tt tisselbi, yuli-tt zzɛaf ɣef Umesɛud bu txidas i tt-ikellxen akked yemma-s ur nettmettat. Tebda axeddim, tuɣal tesguyez acemma, teskad udem n temɣart ikkeɛmumcen ikerzen d tiregwa. Mi d azal ameqqran, Umesɛud yuɣal-d akken ad immikli ; ifreḥ, icreh, ixdem lecɣal-is. Mi ičča, yuɣal akken ad ikemmel ayen i yas-d-iggran ad t-id-ijmeɛ deg tegnatin ilhan. Ulac aseɛdi am netta ! Mi t-twala akken, teḍra-yas am win i yas-ismenṭafen lǧerḥ ; am win i tt-icqarrwen neɣ i tt-iccuchen17 ɣef ukellex ; akud i yas-iruḥen d yidrimen i yas-ittwakren. Teɛya seg tballaɣt-nsen. Sxesren-as niyya. Tebɣa ad temmeɣ s tisselbi ɣef temgerḍt n temɣart tafuḥant ad tt-teḥnu ad tt-tjeggef, ad tgemmeḍ nnefs i yas-iddan deg nnzaɛ. Tuɣal txemmem ɣef wayen izmer ad d-iglu. Tɛedda-yas-d tekti-niḍen, tuẓa ɣer umeṭreḥ, tenna-yas : - Illa wasmi twalaḍ Cciṭan ? Testewtew-as temɣart : - Ala ! Dɣa tebda tettqessir yid-s, tettales-as tiḥkayin d tenfusin akken ad tt-tessiged, ad tesserheb rruḥ-is ahcican : - Kra ddqayeq kan uqbel asuffeɣ n nnefs aneggaru, ad d-ibedd Cciṭan i win ittmettaten ; isɛa taferraḍt, taccuyt ɣef uqerruy-is, ad ittsuḍu ad ittiɣwis. Mi t-iwala, dayen tekfa fell-as dunnit, imiren kan 17 Iccuceh : inna ccah ! (= tant pis !)



ad immet. Tebder-as-d akk tid iwumi d-iffeɣ Cciṭan deg useggas-a : Tagehrirt n Yimalasen, Yemma Dejja, Nna Myasa Taḍiḥant, Tabujemɛat, Taxerrubt n At Ɛli, Tukfa mm yikururen… Tugad temɣart, tenkakez, tewwet s yifassen, tebɣa ad tezzi aqerruy-is akkin akken ur tettwali ur tsell. Din-din tɣab Tbuɛrurut, teddem-d seg texzant liẓar amellal, tettel deg-s iman-is, tegdem tasilt ɣef uqerruy-is akken s tlata yinyen n uzzal sfaxxwen ɣef usawen am wacciwen, teṭṭef timeṣleḥt s ufus ayeffus, deg uzelmaḍ ssḍel n wuzzal i tḍegger d asawen akken ad d-yeg lḥess mi ara d-iɣli. Imlal ssḍel d lqaɛa, urwen-d ṣṣut isxerrayen issagaden. Tulbab Tbuɛrurut tamejnunt ɣef ukersi, terfed asaber i d-ittawḍen alamma d ddur n umeṭreḥ, imir tban-d ɣer ṭṭaq, tettḥerrik tesɣal, tettiẓẓif daxel n tasilt n wuzzal i yas-iɣummen udem, tettemmeɣ fell-as ad tt-tewwet s tferraḍt am ccwaṭen-nni n umezgun n yimecṭaḥ. Megduda qrib ad tessukef. Tameɣbunt mm tmuɣli tameslubt, tewwet akk s tezmert i tesɛa akken ad d-terfed iman-is ad terwel ; teɛreḍ ad d-teffeɣ seg wussu, tezwar ɣer lqaɛa s tuyat d uqerruy, teɣli, tessegra-d anehtit d unazeɛ i d-iglan s rruḥ-is. Tabuɛrurut, terra s lɣerḍ-is yal taɣawsa s amkan-is ; tesbedd taferraḍt ɣer yidis n texzant, liẓar ɣer daxel-is, tasilt ɣer ukanun, ssḍel s afella n tencirt, akersi tsenned-it ɣer uɣrab. Teqmec allen n tmerḥumt, tcudd-as aɣesmar. S lxucuɛ, teqqim ɣef tgecrar ad testerḥem fell-as ; tebda tettales s leḥrara tinfaliyin akked tsurtin n tẓilla i tennum teqqar-itent ɣef lmeggtin. Mi d-yuɣal Umesɛud tameddit n wass, yufa-tt-id tettẓalla, imiren kan yufa-d leḥsab d akken tewwi-yas Tbuɛrurut setta alaf, maca, nettat tɛuss kan tlata wussan d yiwen yiḍ, iwulem-as kan ihi tesɛa alaf seg xemseṭṭas n alef i das-tettalas.


Tidet tuffirt

Linda MAHI

zemreḍ keččini i tlawin, ayen akk qqaren d ṣṣeḥ mačči d nettat i yerra cciṭan ɣer daxel n tqerɛet, mačči d nettat id-yeḥyan amsebrid-nni, iban ur

tessinem ara tamacahut umsebrid-nni id-iɛeddan yiwen wass ɣef yiwet n taddart yufa-d yiwet n tmeṭṭut di tala la tettagem, netta yenɣa-t-id fad, dɣa yessuter-as tiqit n waman, awal yettawi-d wayeḍ as teqqar : ur tezriḍ ara belli zemreɣ ad k-nɣeɣ, akken zemreɣ ak-id ḥyuɣ ! as yeqqar "amek akka ?" . Mazal ur d-ifuk ara awal mi iwala tamexluqt n Rebbi teɣli ɣer daxel usariǧ n waman, ad tettmeǧǧid "abbuh a lmumnin, abbuh a lmumnin, abbuh a lmumnin !" Argaz ur yefhim tigert almi iwala irgazen n taddart irkulli ad ttazalen ɣer tala ɛemren-d lemkaḥel nsen, mi id-wwḍen akken-nni ufan-d tameṭṭut teffeɣ-d iccettiḍen-is bezgen irkulli, irgazen-nni nwan-as yettɛadda ɣef tmeṭṭut-nsen di tala, dɣa din ijebden fell-as ad tenɣen, imir imir tsuɣ-d tmeṭṭut nni ; "xaṭi ur t-neqqet ara. Amer mačči d netta aql-i mmuteɣ daxel n waman-agi, ɣliɣ, netta iɛedda-d d abrid meǧdaɣ yiwen ur iyi-d yesli ala netta id-yerran i teɣri-w ikcem-d yessufeɣ-iyi-d " s wakka i t-id-ḥya tmeṭṭut, amer ur d-nni ara awal tili atan serḥen i rrṣaṣ, fell-as nɣan-t ur yexdim ara, lamaɛna ma tella tagi tefra mebla lmut, llant tiyaḍnin ssawḍent

T



arraw n tɛebbaḍ nsent ad mmten imi seɛyanten di lekdeb d tkarkas, neqqen iman snen. Akka i teḍra ihi akk d Yidir, yekker-d deg yiwet n taddart imi qqaren Qarruc, di tagara iseggasen n settin, d taddart ur ɣrin ara imezdaɣ-ines ; xeddmen tafellaḥt imi d luḍa : ixdem, ibawen n yiger, lleft, zrudeyya, ǧǧelban yettalin, lkesbar, ssanuǧ, taxsayt... Wardya at Mḥend d yiwet di tlawin n taddart tezweǧ ɣer taddart-agi mi tefra kan tegrawla dɣa deg useggas n 1968 tesɛa-d aqcic umi qqaren Yidir. Lawan-nni argaz-is yella di fransa 4 iseggasen weqbel talalit n Yidir, d acu i d lmaɛna-s ? Ih tezweǧ deg useggas n 1963, tella d wergaz-is aseggas kan deg imiren iruḥ ɣer Fransa di 1968 ilul-d Yidir, ɣef wakken id-qqaren yuɣal-d wergaz-is deg useggas n 1970 yuɣal ɣer Fransa deg wassen ur iban lebḥer i t-yeččan. Dacu ara d-iniḍ d tiseweḥmt ? iruḥ ɣer fransa yeǧǧa tameṭṭut-is ur telli s tadist ur telli d timennefrit yuɣal-d yufa-d mmi-s qrib ad yekcem ɣer lakul, ileḥḥu ɣef iḍarren-is ahat d aya i t-yewwin mebla tuɣalin. Deg wassen, Wardeyya tesseker-d Yidir weḥd-s yečča xir medden irkulli, yelsa xir n medden irkulli tesɣer-it rnu tuget n yelmeẓyen n Qaruc ur ɣrin ara. Netta yeḥrec yeṛzen, yeḥdeq, annect-a irkulli yernat i ṣṣifa-nni ulalmani, rnu ur tesɛi yemma-s kra n lexlaṣ, ur tewrit ɣef yiwen ; tzeṭ ixellalen s lijara, t-ttellem diɣen tettqardic taduṭ ma d aqcic si temzi-is selbent akk fell-as teqcicin n taddart, din i yexḍeb yell-is n lǧar nsen imi qqaren Kahina Leqraya ur teɣri ara, ṣṣifa d tacemmuɛt ṭbiɛa neɣ d ttrebga ma teɣli-ak ɣer tiṭ ur tt-tesfadeḍ ara, iḥemmel-itt d ayen izaden amer as d-tessuter tiṭ-is as yernu tayeḍnin, yeɣra almi yewweḍ aswir ɛlayen di tmusni, yeffeɣ-d d ṭbib n wul, d acu s immal yettimɣur ttasent-tt-id tektiwin i t-yerran yettḥaz iman-is, yezga isewweq lmux-is , ur yettmeslay ara d lɣaci, taxḍibt-is ur yettruḥu ara ɣur-s "tagi tenna-yas d abeddel i ybeddel fell-as, yebda ikeččem-itt ccekk" nettat mi as tenna "melmi ara negg tameɣra ?" as-yini "mazal, yella wayen yezwaren".



Netta d tiririt i yettnadi ɣef isteqsiyen-nni iceɣben lmux-is, aqcic yettruḥu yesteqsay yemma-s, jida-s, ɛemt-is... - Ayɣer ijaḥ baba ? - Amek id- yuɣal d 1970 mebɛed iruḥ seg wassen ? - Ihemmel-iyi mi d-yusa ? yessufuɣ-iyi, msefhamen netta d yemma? - Ayɣer almi d wis 4 iseggasen i ɣef iruḥ baba id-luleɣ ? Isteqsiyen akk i t-id-yettasen cudden ɣer jjiḥ-nni n baba-s deg useggas n 1970 d tlalit-nni 04 iseggasen mi i ruḥ baba-s. Maca yal win ara yesteqsi tiririt id-as-d ttaken : "baba-k llan wid id yeqqaren yezweǧ d trumit ma kečč tettseḍ di tɛebbuṭ n yemma-k 04 iseggasen d waken id-luleḍ" Aqcic mi ara isel i wannect-a yugi ad yekcem s aqerru-s ulac adlis n tujya ur yeɣri ara ma d ṣṣeḥ aqcic yezmer ad yeṭṭes di tɛebbuṭ n yemma-s ugar n 09 waguren, ur yufi ara yella win id-yemmeslayen ɣef temsalt-agi, din i yeqṣed ad iruḥ ɣer fransa ad inaḍi ɣef tidet, ad yesteqsi imjjayen imeqranen, ahat akken ad terked tudert-is, ad iwali yemma-s i t-id-isɛan s tmuɣli iwulmen. Aqcic uqbel ad iruḥ iɛuhed taxḍibt-is, tuɣalin-ines ɣef useggas, d tiririt as-d-fken imejjayen-nni s wayes ad as-tt-id yefru. Yewwi lekwaɣeḍ ilaqen, tiririt as-d-fken imejjayen n tmurt kra icettiḍen ara yels d waṭas usirem ad yaf belli igerdan zemren ad ṭsen di tɛebbaḍ n tyemmatin nsen. Yewweḍ ɣer fransa anda tussna tewweḍ ɣer weswir ɛlayen. Ass amenzu yeṭṭes-it irkulli, deg imi yuli wass uzekka-nni yebda anadi di sbiṭarat, ɣef imejjayen imeqranen, win uɣur yewweḍ as-yini "deg wass mi i bdiɣ anadi di tusna-agi d awezɣi sliɣ s teqsiṭ am ta " syin akin wa yettceyiɛ-it i wayeḍ, amejjay aneggaru i ɣer tceyyaɛen d yiwen yella di sbiṭar n lɛesker ala imeqranen i yxedmen din d win i d asirem-is aneggaru. Yettraǧu tiririt as d-ifek, yeḥka-yas taqsiṭ amek tella d acu i as-d-nnan imejjayen meqbel-is "tiririt as d yefka tella am tarṣaṣt t-iḥuzan ɣer wul "ur telli ara yakk temsalt am ta di tujya deg wass mi bdiɣ qqareɣ-tt , nekk ɣef wakken tt waliɣ yella win akked tegru yid-s yemma-k deg imi iruḥ baba-k dayen id-yessefhemen ayɣer ijaḥ baba-k asmi k-id-yufa di 1970".



Aqcic yeffeɣ-d ur yeɛqil ara abriḍ srid ɣer ttbarna itess almi ur yezmir ara ad ibedd ɣef iḍarren-is wis sbaɛyam deg imi iruḥ ɣer fransa atan yezzid. Iruḥ ɣer taxḍibt-ines yemsefraq yid-s, iḍleb-as smaḥ, imena-yas lahna, umebaɛd yeṭṭef abrid s axxam deg id-yekker yufa-yemma-s ddaw lḥara tesway tibḥirt "as-yeqqar" ur am-nniɣ ara ad-iyi-d-iniḍ anwa i d baba n ṣṣeḥ , imi nudaɣ ad zzizdgeɣ tikti sɛiɣ fell-am d tin iyi-d-yesɛan, d acu, tura acu ilaqen ad tezreḍ belli "griɣ tidet yeqqim-d fell-am ad tettuḍ tesɛiḍ mmi-m akken tettuḍ tesɛiḍ argaz 38 iseggasen ɣer deffir”. Ixdem timexnaqt deg wasif yenɣa iman-is, almi d wis telt-yyam it ufan imeksawen.


Abeḥri n lmut

Nacera KEDDACHE

udert n lḥif d llaẓ aṭas i tḥuza seg twaculin tizzayriyin ladɣa tiwaculin tiqbayliyin, llaẓ d leɛra i yeǧǧan aṭas n yirgazen ad inigen akkin i yilel agrakal

i wakken ad gerrzen liḥala-nsen, maca lɣerba tettbeddil ulawen, tettbeddil leɛqul, tsettuy iswi uɣer ttruḥun, aṭas n wid yeǧǧan tilawin nsen d tilmeẓyin, aṭas n wid yesgujlen tarwa nsen mebla ma kecmen aẓekka, aṭas i d-yimɣuren ur ssinen ara udem n baba-tsen. Wezna d yiwet i yeddren tudert umdegger i wakken ad imɣuren warraw-is, tudert-is ur temgarad ara ɣef wamur ameqran n tlawin. Ass ideg yeffeɣ wargaz-is Lḥusin akken ad iruḥ ɣer Fransa yennuɣ wurrif d tumert deg yiman-is, teḍsa mi ara ad d-tmekti dakken ad yuɣal ad as-yawi adrim, tettru mi ara ad d-tmekti dakken ad as-d-yeǧǧ ilem deg wul-is, tettru daɣen ɣef kraḍ n ddarya i as-d yeǧǧa akken d ileqqaqen, tamenzut d Naɛima i iqqaren deg uswir amezwaru deg uɣerbaz amenzu d Malika i isɛan kraḍ n yiseggasen di tudert-is d Malek akken kan yessiweḍ kraḍ n wayyuren. Ussan ttɛeddin, Wezna tetwanes s yimɣaren-is d yilusan d tlewsatin-is, ur tḥulfa ara s lexṣaṣ, ur tteǧǧin ara, refden-tt am nettat am tarwa-is. Maca taswiɛt ur teqqim ara akken, aseggas yessawal i wayeḍ, Lḥusin ulac isali-is, ur d-yusi, ur d-yuzin adrim ! Wezna d warraw-is bdan taẓẓayt ɣef wexxam, ur ufin ara amek ara as-inin ffeɣ seg uxxam acku argaz-is ijaḥ di Fransa, sexdamen-tt amzun d taklit, i waken ad tečč nettat d ddarya-is ilaq asen-tili ilemendad di

T



yal ccɣel xas akken teṣber. Aṭas n yiɣublan i iɛebba wul-is maca teẓẓa asirem deg wallaɣ-is, yal tikelt mi ara zaden fell-as wurfan tettarra arraw-is deg urebbi-s, tettwali tafat iɣaben deg-sen, tettaf deg-sen lexṣaṣ n urgaz-is, teksen-as tugdi n uzekka, teḥṣa ad imɣuren ad bedden ɣer yidis-is, xas ass-a telluẓ, tenḥaf, azekka d nutni ara tt-isferḥen. Trebba-ten s leḥnana, s tdukli, s wawal ẓiden, trebba-ten ɣef ṣṣber xas ma luẓen, xas nḥafen, tefka azal i leqraya, tferraḥ mi ara d-awin igmaḍ igerrzen, ayen i ten-yeǧǧan leḥḥun ɣer sdat. Iseggasen zerrin, taẓayt n lḥif yebda yettenɣas ɣef Wezna, ddarya-as imɣuren, Naɛima tewwi-d akayad n lbak, Malika d Malek iwwin-d igmaḍ igerzen, tumert tebda tkeččem-d ɣer uxxam, ussan bdan ad ttaḍsan, Wezna tettaɛraḍ tiẓeḍt n tudert, yelli-s tamenzut tɛedda ɣer tseddawit ur d-iqqim ara aṭas ad tebdu amahil. Lferḥ inerna mi d-tekcem cehriyya tamezwarut ɣer uxxam, acku Naɛima tesuli tizrawin-is di tseddawit, truḥ srid ɣer umahil d taselmadt deg uɣerbaz amenzu. Wezna tettu lhemm-is tettu dakken tesɛa argaz, neɣ mazal-it yedder, tezga tefreḥ d warraw-is, ass ideg i d-yewwi Malek lbak texdem lweɛda, dayen tufrar tagut, icrreq-d yitij, ussan teddun akken bɣan mi d-mlalen deg uxxam amzun d ass kan ulac iḍ. Yal wa anda yella, Naɛima deg umahil, Malika deg uɣerbaz n lḥirfat, ma d Malek deg tsedawit, Wezna deg uxxam txeddem ccɣel-is, mi tfuk ad truḥ srid ɣer tmacint n txeyyaḍt. Mi d lawan ad nejmaɛen-t yessi-s tekcem ɣer temwant dɣa tesla i taɣect n Naɛima : - Ayi ! Yemma ! Anda-kemm ? Usiɣ-d. Terra-as : - Aqli deg temwant, anda teḥsiḍ lliɣ lawan-agi ! Tenna-as umbaɛd mi tsellem ɣef uqerru-is : - Cedheɣ-kemm, ad tɣilleḍ acḥal aya ur kemm walaɣ-ara ! Yemma-as teḍsa tenna-as : - Dɣa d tidet tejmeḍ-iyi ? Mazal ur yekfi wass, ruḥ tura beddel, sired, di laɛḍil ad wjed lqahwa, ula d Malika ur tettɛṭṭil ara ad d-taweḍ. Naɛima terra-d nehta tenna-as :



- Huk ! ɛyiɣ ass-agi yusa-d umaswaḍ ɣur-i yesseqcer-iyi cituḥ maca iɛǧǧeb-as amek sɣarayeɣ, arnu yefka-yi tazmilt telha, mziyya telliḍ ayen bɣu idireɣ-t deg berra mi d-iwḍeɣ s axxam ad ttuɣ akk lehmum-iw. Terra-as : Ih a yelli, nekk mačči kan tettuɣ lehmum ! S yis-wen i mazal-iyi ddreɣ ar tura, wama baba-twen yeǧǧayaneɣ acḥal d aseggas aya ijaḥ di Fransa, yettu-yaneɣ, cwi kan ɣer taggara agi xas udem-is iḥrem aneɣ-t si tikelt ɣer tayeḍ ad iceyyaɛ ciṭ n udrim. Naɛima tuẓ ɣur-s teɛneq-tt-id tenna-as : Ur ttaggad a yemma, taɛkumt ẓẓayen ad tifsus, aql-i tura xeddmeɣ ayen tebɣiḍ ini-d kan. Terra-as : - Kemm tura a yelli d lawan ad truḥeḍ ɣer uxxam-im aql-ikem tessiweḍeḍ 27 n yiseggasen, tebdiḍ axeddim ar 22 n yiseggasen di tudert-im, d ayen kan. Terra-as : - Amek ! Ad ruḥeɣ ad zewǧeɣ Malek mazal ur d-isellek ara leqraya ! Xaṭi a yemma, ayen akk ur yeṭṭif ara axeddim ur teffɣeɣ ara seg uxxam-agi. Terra-as : - Acuɣer alama yeṭṭef Malek axeddim ? Tura ḥemdullah, baba-m yuɣal imekta-d d akken nella, ad tettwaliḍ si tekkelt ɣer tayeḍ ad iceyyeɛ ciṭ n udrim, arnu yenna-asen ur yettɛṭṭil ara ad d-yas, ad d-yuɣal ad d-yettas yiwet n tikkelt i weseggas, ihi a yelli ma yusa-d lmektub-im, ur ttxemmim ara i Malek. Tenna-as : I uxxam anwa ara d-yettawin acu tebɣiḍ ? Neɣ anwa ara d-iqeṭṭun. Terra-as : - Nniɣ-am tallest akken yebɣu tella deg uxxam n baba-s ! Ɣer taggara ala axxam-is ideg ara taf lfayda. - Attan Malika tiwweḍ-d, tsellem ɣef uqerru n yemma-s qqiment ɣer tgida ad swent lqehwa tenṭeq-d yemma-tsent tenna :



Ixuṣṣ Malek, jmeɣ-t, wissen amek yella ? Wissen ma yufa iman-is di tseddawit ? Tenṭeq-d Naɛima : - Aha tura, Malek d argaz ur yelli wacu ara tgadeḍ fell-as. Mi fukent, Malika truḥ srid ɣer tiliẓri ad twali asaru tnum tettwali, ma d Malika teqqim deg temwant, tessired leḥwal tenna-as i yemma-as : - Ruḥ tura ad testeɛfuḍ, d nekk ara d-isewwen imensi, arnu ad sewweɣ tirkimt, ẓriɣ d tagi i tḥemmleḍ, aṭas aya ur ttensww ara. Terra-as : - Maɛlic a yell-i aql-i ɛyiɣ mačči d kra, ad tḥulfuɣ feclen akk leɛḍam-iw. Tekker ad teffeɣ tenna-as : - Arǧu a yemma ! Anda ad truḥeḍ ? Qqim kan dagi ɣer tama-w, yella cituḥ umaynut ad am-t-id-alseɣ. Terra-as : - Ayen yellan akk tenniḍ-id neɣ mazal ? Tenna-as : - Ass-a agi mi i d-ffɣeɣ seg uɣerbaz inṭeq-d yiwen ɣur-i deg ubrid, ur sḥeseɣ, ur serriɣ awal acku ḥsiɣ widen akk yebɣan tiselmadin mačči d aɛǧab neɣ d leḥmala i tent-ḥemmlen, tuget deg-sen ṭamaɛen deg tjernaṭ-nsent, akken nutni ad qqimen nutenti ad xedment fella-asen, acḥal n tselmadin i d-yettalsen amek ttidirent, ur ẓarrent ara ula d duru, nutenti ad ɛettbent nutni ad ččen. Terra-as : - Ala a yelli, axemmem-agi diri-t

U5 yebrir 2960/2010 · 2020. 2. 6. · Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI, Kania RABDI,...

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Transcript of U5 yebrir 2960/2010 · 2020. 2. 6. · Fatima AIT HAMLAT, Habib-Allah MANSOURI, Kania RABDI,...