tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl

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tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl rswiexkW qy rswiexk ienjnIArW dy dyx hY ijs nwl cMgIAW PslW augweIAw qy v~FIAW jwdIAW qy vDyry Bojn Kwx leI iml irhw hY[ 19-vI qy 20-vI sdI dy moV qy rsoeI c Gr Xw ipMf dy KyqW qoN Bojn Awaudw, m~Kx Gr irVkx qoN, ivhVy c murgIAW, mws leI brP dw f~bw qy Bojn l~kVI Xw koly nwl p~kdw sI[ ipClI sdI c KyqI ijAwdw aupjwaU, qy pwnI Awm imldw hY[ A~j KyqI nvIn FMg nwl irE, kIVy mwr dvweIAW qy Anwj bhuq hY[lokw nUM nvIn tknOlOjI kwrn Bojn svwd, A~KW nUM Bwaudy qy ishq mMd hn[ ivigAwn vDdI jnqw nUM bojn dy rhy hn] 4.1. Kwd qy zmIn dy nUautrIAYt nweItrojn jmW krnI hybr-bwS qkIkw rswiexk KwdW c qr~kI hrI krwqI qy hweIbirf bUty 4.3. Bojn sur~iKk qy Kwx lwiek Kwx Xog qy sur~iKk sYkirn qy imTy ivtwimns qy imnrls prIzrvySn qy Anwj Kwx Xog bxwxw Anwj shI qy cMgw 4.2. PslW bcOxIAW qy pYst rok PMgs mwr borfo qrIkw fI fI tI qy pYstIsweIf pSUAW dI iePwzq mSInrI nwl KyqI 4.4. Anwz stor krnw Bojn pYk krnw rPirjrYnts qy kloroPlorokwrbn mweIkrovyv culy swP pwnI 4. Anwj qy KyqIbwVI

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Transcript of tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl

Page 1: tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl

tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl

rswiexkW qy rswiexk ienjnIArW dy dyx hY ijs nwl cMgIAW PslW augweIAw qy v~FIAW jwdIAW qy vDyry Bojn Kwx leI iml irhw hY[ 19-vI qy 20-vI sdI dy moV qy rsoeI c Gr Xw ipMf dy KyqW qoN Bojn Awaudw, m~Kx Gr irVkx qoN, ivhVy c murgIAW, mws leI brP dw f~bw qy Bojn l~kVI Xw koly nwl p~kdw sI[ ipClI sdI c KyqI ijAwdw aupjwaU, qy pwnI Awm imldw hY[ A~j KyqI nvIn FMg nwl irE, kIVy mwr dvweIAW qy Anwj bhuq hY[lokw nUM nvIn tknOlOjI kwrn Bojn svwd, A~KW nUM Bwaudy qy ishq mMd hn[ ivigAwn vDdI jnqw nUM bojn dy rhy hn]

4.1. Kwd qy zmIn dy nUautrIAYt nweItrojn jmW krnI hybr-bwS qkIkw rswiexk KwdW c qr~kI hrI krwqI qy hweIbirf bUty

4.3. Bojn sur~iKk qy Kwx lwiek Kwx Xog qy sur~iKk sYkirn qy imTy ivtwimns qy imnrls prIzrvySn qy Anwj Kwx Xog bxwxw Anwj shI qy cMgw

4.2. PslW bcOxIAW qy pYst rok PMgs mwr borfo qrIkw fI fI tI qy pYstIsweIf pSUAW dI iePwzq mSInrI nwl KyqI

4.4. Anwz stor krnw Bojn pYk krnw rPirjrYnts qy kloroPlorokwrbn mweIkrovyv culy swP pwnI

4. Anwj qy KyqIbwVI

Page 2: tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm kYimst dy nzrIey nwl

4. tknOlOjI dy mhwn kdm Anwj qy KyqIbwVI c

muF qoN A~j q~k

1881 PrWs dy ivigAwnk lueI pwscr ny ByfW qy sUrW leI AynQrYks vYksIn dI Koj kIqI[

1883 fYinS rswiexk johwn gustwv kYlfwl ny AOrgYink nwtrojn nwpx dw qrIkw KoijAw[

1884 PrWs bOitinst pIAr imlwrfYt ny AMgUrW dI aulI htwx leI borfo imSrx bxwieAw[

1901 jwn kuAYnI mnsYto kMmpnI dy moFI ny sYkirn dI Koj kIqI[

1913 jrmn rswiexkW PirtX qy kwrl bwS ny AmonIey dy kwrKwny sMBv kIqy[

1913 AYlmr vI mklm qy mwrgurweIt fyvf m~Kx qy Awfy dy pIlk coN ivtwmn ey inkwilAw[

1918 kYlvInytr kMMpnI ny kmprYsr vwlw GrW leI rPirjrytr bxwieAw[

1933 duD c ivtwmn fI imlw ky ivkx l~gw[

1939 sivs rswiexk pwl mulr ny jwixAW ik fI fI tI nwl kIVy mwry jwdy hn[

1943 XU AYs KyqIbwVI mYkmy ny iensYktIsweIf dI DMud PslW leI l~BI[

1953 fwAo kMMmpnI ny GrW leI srYn rYp bxweI[

1964 hrI krWqI ny nvyN hweIbirf bUty qy qrl irE nwl dunIAW dI nUtrISn mslw h~l kIqw[

1972 AmrIkw c fI fI tI vrqoN bMd kIqI, sB qo pihlW hMgrI ny ieh 1968 c bMd kr idqI sI[

1974 mnsYnto ny rwauf-Ap jo ibn vwhy hwnI kwrk bUty mwrdw hY bxwieAw[

1990 nvIn Anwj POrtIPIkySn qy nUtrwsUtIkl mShUr hoey[

lUeI pwscr pSUAW dy vYksIn lw rhy hn

nwtrojn nwpx dw AprYits

pIAr Aym ey imlwrfYt

sYkirn dw f~bwAWfy dI zrdI c

ivtwmn ey

kYlvInytr dw GrW leI irPirjIrytr

fI fI tI dw f~bw

duD c ivtwmn fI

mnsYto dw postr