BLOW TO RUST. Glidden's Rustmaster primer shows its adhesive and penetrat­ing qualities: Rusted metal sheets were coated with primers and finish coats, exposed to Weatherometer for 300 hours, then subjected to severe bending. Conventional primer cracked and broke away from surface ( A ) , but Rustmaster primer shows little sign of stress ( Β ). In another test, rusted metal panels were coated with primers, then exposed to Weatherometer test for 1600 hours. Scrap­ing both panels shows that conventional primer remains on rust surface ( C ) , while Rustmaster vehicle and pigments are bound into the rust ( D )

Rust Bevy/are Glidden prepares national promotion of Rustmaster primer, which features super penetrating agent

. A B O U T a year ago, Glidden quietly introduced a new primer for tanks and structural steel, then sat back to wait for industry's reaction. The reaction: excellent. The result: This week in Cleveland Glidden is about to launch a national promotion of its Rustmaster primer.

Glidden feels that Rustmaster is the first really new development in metal priming in a good many years. In numerous field tests made during the

past year, Glidden's primer has con­sistently outperformed other paints, says George Richardson, the company's manager of industrial maintenance sales. "Exaggerated claims are some­times made for corrosion resistant prim­ers," states Richardson. "Glidden's tests have indicated that Rustmaster actually does what some other primers claim to do," he says.

Rustmaster is a conventional primer except for one ingredient—a special

penetrating agent which makes up. about one third of the paint's vehicle. This, explains Richardson, is the key to the primer's performance. "With our agent, we can get both the vehicle and the pigment to penetrate well down into the surface of rusted metal," he says. This, he continues, not only makes for excellent adhesion of the coating, but prevents further rusting of the metal.

In any paint, one of the jobs of the vehicle is to act as a wetting agent so that the coating gets a tight grip on the surface of the material being painted. To do this job, paint chemists use an animal or vegetable oil—linseed oil and fish oil, for instance. Richard­son admits that these oils are good wetting agents, and with them good penetration of the vehicle is achieved. The hitch, however, is that the pigment is left behind, according to Richardson. Glidden's penetrating agent, he says, is unique because it carries both pigment and vehicle into the surface of rusty metal. The agent is able to do this be­cause its molecules are smaller than those of the oils ordinarily used in vehicles.

Glidden has applied for a patent and until the patent is issued, it is not talk­ing about the identity of the agent. Richardson does say, however, that it is a synthetic material based on a phenolic resin. Besides its Rust­master primer, Glidden sells the pene­trating agent to those who want to do C 1 1 C 1 1 U » U l U i l l U l l t l l l l l g . i H . \ - V , i m v , 111*.

company licensed one of its major com­petitors to use the agent, and is willing to discuss licensing with others that might be interested.

Lead Industries Association recom­mends the Glidden penetrating agent in two of its formulations. Richardson feels this is a good indication of the product's merit because LIA does not ordinarily mention specific products in its bulletins. Both the LIA formulas that contain the Glidden agent are de­scribed as having good chemical resist­ance and excellent resistance to blister­ing from exposure to high humidity and moisture. C 1

• AMFoil is a new gasketing and mold release material from American Ma­chine & Foundry, New York. Said to combine the best features of aluminum and Teflon, AMFoil may be used as a separator and mold release film for the

4 6 C & E N J U N E 8, 1959

CHEMICALS

Piperazine flake deserves attention Although piperazine h a s been used for its medicinal and anthelmintic prop­erties for many years , it deserves fur­ther study for other applications.

A m o n g i t s p h y s i c a l p r o p e r t i e s , piperazine boils at 1 4 6 ° C , melts at 110°C, and is soluble in water ( 2 5 % by weight) a t 200C. I t is also highly soluble in methanol , and to a lesser degree in other o rgan ic solvents.

The crystals of piperazine are white and hygroscopic. Its chemical struc­ture shows piperazine to be a satu­rated, six-membered heterocyclic com­pound with its two nitrogen atoms in the para position :

HsC

H,C

Or,

CH 2

for simplicity:

H

H

Common salts of piperazine are the citrate, phosphate, sulfate, adipate, and dihydrochloride. These and other derivatives have been tested and found effective as anthelmint ics and vermi­fuges for poultry, swine and domestic animals.

Because of the biological activity of some of its derivatives, piperazine has been used as a n intermediate in the production of m o t i o n sickness reme­dies, ant ihis tamines , and tranquiliz-ing drugs. Derivatives have also been developed for u s e a s commercial in­secticides, fungicides, and antimicrob­ials. Other possible applications are in the industr ial product ion of sur­face active agents, plasticizers, sol­vents, lubricants , a n d high molecular weight polymers.

Experimenters wi th piperazine and its derivatives have unearthed a sur­prising number of tentat ive applica­tions. These inc lude possible uses in the pharmaceutical field as anti-con-vulsant agents, anesthetics, sedatives, and hormones; as t rea tment for burn shock and hypertension; and as anal­gesics. Industrially, piperazine com­pounds are being studied as accelera­tors for rubber vulcanizing; corrosion inhibitors for w a t e r or alcohol solu­

tions; as waxes and coatings; as emul-sifiers, wet t ing agents, dispersants, and cleaning agents; and as surface active agents.

CARBIDE supplies piperazine in flake form, easy to store and handle . Mini­m u m purity is 98% by weight. It is shipped i n polyethylene-lined drums in quantities of six, 60 , and 100 lbs.

The potentialities of piperazine, its compounds and derivatives provide a broad and interesting avenue for fur­ther exploration. Much of the evalu­ation already accomplished on piper­azine has been compiled in a bibliogra­phy now avai lable f rom CARBIDE, along with many suggestions for its use. To obtain this comprehensive list­ing, check the coupon.

Morpholine in water-resistant polishes Morpholine is a colorless, mobile liquid that forms soaps with excellent emul­sifying properties. This makes it par­t i c u l a r l y u se fu l in p o l i s h e s where water resistance of the dried emulsion film is desired.

Formulas for rubless floor polishes can be improved by the addition <- !c morpholine. Wax and resin polishes, especially automobile polishes, gain greater wate r resistance w h e n morpho­line is included in their composition.

Morpholine is one of many useful emulsifier ingredients described in the booklet, "Emulsions and Detergents." For a copy, check the coupon.

A solvent for improving lacquers If you manufac ture lacquers, and are not yet familiar with CARBIDE'S CELLO-SOLVE solvent, here's a tip you m a y use. CELLOSOLVE solvent heightens the

gloss of lacquers and improves flow-out characteristics. It h a s a mild odor and a low evaporation ra te . I t provides powerful solvent action i n both alkyd and nitrocellulose resins, and in phe­nolic varnishes.

This CARBIDE solvent has scores of other uses—in textile and leather dye­ing, i n metal and glass cleaners, in drug and antibiotic manufac tur ing , i n formulating hydraulic and brake fluids.

T h e bookle t , " C E L L O S O L V E a n d CARBITOL Solvents," contains m u c h useful information about CELLOSOLVE solvent and other glycol-ethers. Check the coupon for a copy.

Tear out this coupon. Check the boxes on which you'd like more information, and mail to Dept. H, Union Carbide Chemicals Com­pany, 30 East 42nd Street, New York 17, Ν. Υ. Π Piperazine bibliography. • Emulsions and Detergents, π CELLOSOLVE and CARBITOL Sol­vents. Ν ame Title

Company, Street City State

_Zone_

And remember9 there is a CARBIDE sales office near you w h e r e you can obtain the services of a CARBIDE Tech­nical Representative. His wide indus­try experience is backed both by ex­tensive chemical t ra ining and by Tech­nical Specialists. "'Cellosolve" and "Union Carbide" are regis­tered trade marks of Union Carbide Corpora­tion.

J U N E 8, 1959 C & E N 4 7

Progress Report autet^iilt? tpLlftîp ΕΪΒβΜβ

UNION CARBIDE ^ I H E ï ^ I O ^ a ^ ^ mÊimmmm

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Î C O R S o ^ T l d ' N

KEEP YOUR POWDER DESERT-DRV WITH LECTRODRYER when y o u ' r e p r o c e s s i n g powdered or granular hygroscopic materials, Lectrodryer is the solut ion to air moisture problems. These machines dry air to dewpoints as low as — ! 1 0 ° F . Y o u can choose automat ic or manually controlled units» for continuous or intermittent operation. Tell us about your drying problem — we'll advise y o u h o w Lectrodryer custom-engineered or standard units can help you. Write Pittsburgh Lectrodryer Division, M cGraiv-Edison Company, 305 32nd Street, Pittsburgh 30, Pennsylvania.

plastics industry, as an extra-th: gasketing material, and as an insulate flat conductor in electric components.

C

• Isofil 211 is a new low-viscosit; epoxy impregnating system designed for high temperature use. Marketed 1>Λ* Isochem Resins, Providence, R. I., Iso­fil 211 is said to withstand extended periods of operation at temperatures up to 500° F. and have a heat distortion temperature of 370° F. Isofil 211 has a working life of two weeks, making it ideal for use in vacuum impregnating and laminating operations, according to the firm. C 3

• New organic-soluble metal chemi­cals, from Union Carhide Metals, Ni­agara Falls, N. Y., are acetylaeetonate derivatives of the transition metals. In contrast to other derivatives of these metals, the Electromet acetylacetonates are soluble in organic systems. In both organic and aqueous systems, they dis­solve neutral (pH 7 ) , and most of them are resistant to hydrolysis. Samples of the new compounds are available for evaluation. C 4

• Three new nonionic coning oils come from L. Sonneborn Sons, New York, for use on textured yarns and nylon fila­ment yarn for hosiery knitting. Texti-line 3233 is recommended for applica­tion to bulk yarn such as Fluflon, TJ~1 C. . . .1 __ ,1 τ . _ 1 . . . τ , · JLX^HJII CI, uctaua, anu liiamu. ±1 im­parts proper lubricity to permit the for­mation of soft and even cones of uni­form density, and assures superior knit­ting performance, says the company. Textiline 3000 is designed for prepar­ing «Ban-Lon, a nylon yarn where low yarn-to-metai friction and low tension in coning and knitting are essential. Textiline 3199 is claimed to be an ideal lubricant for sized and unsized nylon yarn for hosiery knitting. C 5 • Two new polystyrenes with im­proved color stability under fluorescent light radiation come from D o w Chemi­cal, Midland, Mich. Both Styron 672 Verelite (for molding) and Styron 673 Verelite ( for extrusion ) have marked resistance against yellowing, Dow claims. C 6

• New low viscosity epoxy liquids are marketed by Chemical Development, Darners, Mass., for potting and en­capsulating transformers, capacitors, resistors, and other electrical and elec­tronic devices. Cepox 501 is a low

4 8 C & E N J U N E 8, 1 9 5 9

Lectrod ryer

viscosity, rigid, general purpose potting and encapsulating compound. Oepox 502 is a high impact-resistant potting material for uses involving temperature cycling and high mechanical shock.

C 7

y Zirconium-copper alloy (Amzirc), developed by American Metal Climax, New York, is expected to find use in electrical equipment where a combina­tion of high electrical conductivity and good mechanical strength at elevated temperatures is needed. C 8

• Folrosia, by Givaudan-Delawaima, New York, is a new rose chemical with a crisp, leafy rose odor for use in soaps, detergents, and cosmetics. C 9 • Lissolamine RCX from Canadian In­dustries, Montreal, Que., is a new Im­perial Chemical Industries' auxiliary product for use in dyeing Terylene and nylon. The chemical's primary func­tion is to increase the efficiency * ' *he reduction-clearing treatment folio ving application of disperse dyes to Teryl­ene. Its secondary use is to promote levelness by retarding dye uptake in nylon dyeing with Νylonline dyes.

C 1 0

• Marvinol VR-60 is a new vinyl plastic material for use in molding phonograph records. Made by U. S. Rubber, the polyvinyl chloride-vinyl acetate com­bination permits record makers to get exact reproductions of the metal master record, says the company. Marvinol VR-60 also is claimed to ensure a mini­mum of rejects due to molding flaws.

c η

• Cyprex dodine 65-W, a new fungi­cide from American Cyanamid, New York, has been accepted by US DA for use as a control material for cherry leaf spot. US DA has already cleared the product for controlling apple and pear scab through first cover sprays. C 12 • Twitchell 7440 is a new water-soluble fiber lubricant from Emery Industries, Cincinnati, Ohio. The product is said to give a high degree of static control and to effectively lubricate all natural and synthetic fibers with relatively small applications. C 1 3

F u r t h e r usefu l i n f o r m a t i o n on k e y e d C h e m i c a l i t ems m e n ­t i o n e d is r e a d i l y a v a i l a b l e . . .

Use handy coupon on p a g e 58 ^

"I

COPPER SULFATE Industrial Crystals and all common grades.

MONOHYDRATED COPPER SULFATE

$ 8 ^ 3 5 % Copper as metallic ' laackdaed in steel drums

-· ·; :qt£np£exf ralopst.1

a:

Light anmdensegradest^

' Available- ^rt^pply.ê^yjènel.^Sj

SULFUR SULFURIC ACID

A I I Grades]and?strengths

from 6 0 ? \ B'àumëiMhrough

thé-various Oleums';^-

SODIUM HYDROSULFITE T-C HYDRO îs a â V y ^ h i t e , f ree flowing .crystalline powder of uniform particle size and structure. It îs i dust free, assuring highest stability and ^uniformity. .

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^îL'^t>^IPYAilabld|in|tank|<carsi##·· • ;

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•Cjoàdecîà^^ptëMfwhite.' De? livered^in: glass-lined tank $

Styfëgpns,^alsbVin stainless *? vsteel. drums.

PARA TOLUENE SULFONIC ACID; ANHYDROUS -

O t h e r o r g a n i c S u l f o n i c A c i d s .

I TENNESSEE CORPORATION J

NDUSTRIAL

HEMiCALS

W e mine Copper, Sulfur, Iron and Zinc and are basic producers of their chemical derivatives. Our technical know-how and basic position in these minerals is your assurance of exacting quality control and strict uniform consistency.

T E N N E S S E E C O R P O R A T I O N S Î 7 - S 2 3 G r a n t B u i l d i n g , A t l a n t a , G a .

For Further Information or Samples, Make Request On Your Firm's .Letterhead.

IRON FERRIC IRON SULFATE

Partially hyd rated" free

flowing granular. Avail­

able în~ bàgs^i i 'bu ik^

ZINC MONOHYDRATED

ZINC SULFATE 3 6 % Zinc asmetallic. White, free flowing powder .

ZINC OXIDE Secondary.

MANGANESE SULFATE

i i i f f lONQHiDR^XID: MANGANESE SULFATE

9 3 % Mn, SO4, H2O. High­est purity, technical g rade . . . N O T A BY-PRODUCT.

MANGANOUS OXIDE Minimum 4 8 % Manganese

as metallic. Feeds; fertili­

zers, spray or dust grades.

J U N E 8, 1 9 5 9 C & E N 4 9

MANGANESE

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COPPER

CHLCÎÎOSULFONIC ACID

COPPER CARBONATE