62 •

•

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n11~n'l!t1n11~~n~ULBUi~~~~1j~~~1~~L~~~~~~1j~LULA~u~~1~11~LHU1~U~~n~u ~ ~

A Study of Water Vapor Absorption by Lithiwn Chloride

Solution in Absorption Cooling System

""' 'll1U1 .

ft Lilli '

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DAB

" .. ft'3 tlU u

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10-S 2 ... -

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• " " 1 o-5 ft2/hr· ... - 1.759 x l1fl11JJ L !IJJtJU 43.2 °lo -

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a t.1tl'l.flfl'J 1a.l1i.11 'n iun11'flflnau lauittl~ 811a:a 1ui L Mll>Jfltm l 1fl 'lu'Ma ftflnsu (Absorber> " " " I " . I f . . t I

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lflML!81,s::a1tiSl~Ullflaal1fttl11~Lfl11lu 40-45 ~ 1ftmT1MUO;SQIMll~S~ . • v •

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Jl1ft01~ ~')Qn1fll8~LM81 1a~d11s:a1ti&L'MUMft&a ,ft 1~81Ltl11tM01101tiL't1111S .

lt1tJ'll Two- Film· Theory 11a~ Lewis ua: Whitman (2) ;~na11-l1t\1111fl1u • _. • fl I " I t l t ... Ji v

l11U!a~n11D1SL't1111&d11q:iJa~La111tLUL19t8:'l!)n1ftL't11UU ftU MMft1111n1U't11USU

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Uftq:LUU Chemical Potential (3)

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-- K oL ( x ~ - x AL) = K oG ( y AG - y;) ( 2 )

~ ~ imJ1:iMin11u1aLM~1alftg11i1 Luafifll1'1a~nuu'~ =

iu'lu~n1fl11a~L'Ma' ~a~n11 f11i1aiftl.J

65

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--

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l mkG

l + K.

L ( 3)

(4)

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. 66

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(7)

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(9.)

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~~l~flifiautu1u~a~aun1~ v 1 '

CAi -CAL = O.?BS? e-5.1213 ri + O.lOOl e-39.318 l'l+ •••••••• CAi - CAo

(10)

---

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. ( 11)

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•

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(CAi - CAO) - (CAi - CAL)

ln ( C Ai - C Ao ) / { CAi - CAL)

(13)

(14)

•

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71

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•

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72

•

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U1~1fl1~'Q10011~flflil-3~U ~ •

73

..., .tlJ ft~1 l1 R 1

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ft'l1Jll fillU 43 .. 19 °/o It

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fl11~Lf~fu 4J.19 °/o DAB

. · . . . . . . . . . ' . ' . .

--

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1.759 x 10-5

ft2/hr

"

•

74

•

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v v

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75

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fl&aftL1s1 ~~~Jnrtun11~~aa~~

76 •

77

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.. 1. 'mU1

I ... • • ... l!

'' L tl1tl ~l11tl"l 1J.I L flU 1 :lJUftflOSUn1fl "

ventional Energy & Application ~fllflfl i~fi. - ft~. 2524.

2. Treybal, R .E. ''Mass Transfer Operations 11 2 rrl F.d. McGraw - Hill

Kogakusha , Tokyo, 1968 •

3 • McCabe , W. L. and J .c . Smith , ''Unit Operations of Chemical

Ergineering" 3 rd Ed. McGraw-Hill Kog~ha, Tokyo, 1976.

4. Sherwood, T.K., R.L. Pigford, and C.R. Wilke, ''Mass Transfer••

International Student F.di tion. McGraw - Hill Kogakusha, Tokyo,

• 1975 •

5. Bird, R .B. , W .E. Stewart, am E .N. · Lightfoot, "Transport .

Phenomena" Wiley, New York, 1966.

6. ''Instructions for Use Metrohm AG CH 9100 Herisau, 11 Switzerlarrl.

7. "General Instructions Marvac High VaOlum Rotary Slidif'Yl Vane

Pump3'' Data Sheet No. 6 .76 Marvac Seientific Manufacturit'XJ

Co. USA.

8 • Geankoplis , C .J. ''Mass Transport Phenomena•• Halt Rinehart arrl

Wins ton Inc. New York, 197 2 •

•

ap

" l1U 1.

81 . ..

85

"' I e - · ~18ti1'1011tl11J'XU 86

- n.'1"uaft.:ttl11iJl tii.ffu1a-3ff11a:a111 LLa~fi1n11uil~1 . . 89

- n 11YI ua ft-3ffiJflaa tl '>1~ L ffiJfu a01Mil tLa::ft'l 1iJ;lul a • • v 91

- iomnll<Ui1~ ~ ~! .. 94

•

• '

•

.

~ fl"J~

J A l1

rrS/cm

1 89.0

2 89.0

3 88~5

4 89.3 .

5 89.2

6 88.9

7 89.0

8 ' 88. 7

9 88 .. 9

10 89.;0 •

11 89.5

12 89.2

13 89.2

•

I

\ .J

fl111'3l1 1

nau ABSORPI'ION

T .JC

oc

30 3.938

30 3.938

30 3.946

30 3.932

30 3.934

30 3.9385

30 3.938

30 3.944

30 3.9385

30 3.938

30 3.930

30 3.934

30 3.934

•

. •

.J ud~'3fta~an11Mftail'3~fl~ 1

" . '

v ""' tlfl11fl1'i illlMlliJ J , 1.1

ll1a l11~ l l1H

% LiCl ml/s oc

39.6648 2. 75 13.5

39.6648 3.40 13.0

39.7620 4.05 13.5

39.5919 4. 75 13.5

39.6162 5.40 14.0

39.6709 6.10 13.5

39.6648 6.70 14.0 .

39.7377 7.40 14.0

39.6709 8.05 13.0

39.6648 8.75 13.0

39.5676 9.35 13.0

39.6162 10.10 13.0

39.6162 10.75 13.S .

.

v

ft11~tlU

llVT\ .Hg. .

10

10

10

10

10 .

10

10

10

10 •

10

10

10

10

"' l18'3 ABSORPrION .

A T rc % Li.cl

mS/ cm oc

96.0 30 3.832 38.3665

94.5 30 3.854 38.6376

'

93.0 30 3.874 . 38.8833

93.0 30 3.876 38.9078

92.2 30 3.888 39.0549

91.6 30 3.898 39.1772

91.3 30 3.902 39.2261

90.7 30 3.912 39.3482

90.8 30 3.910 39.3238 .

90.6 30 3.913 39.3604

91.0 30 3.906 39.2750 .

90.6 30 3.913 39.3604 •

90.7 30 3.915 39.3848 .

co ~

.J • l! .J f1111'3l1 2 uafl~Han11fl1UlWt18'3"DaiJa!ftll11

. .. . " . ' '

0 x 103 - . t CAi CAO CAL r •.

•

fl "j "1 '

J lb-roole/ ft

3 •

l1 lb/ hr-ft . ft .

'

1 . 2.7838 2.6074 2.6435 78.6804 1 . 0961

2 2.7838 2.6074 2.6360 97.3541 . 1.1774

3 2.7838 2.6046 2.6292 116.0813 1 .. 2543

4 ·2. 7838 . 2.6094 2.6385 136.0873 1.3159 . .

5 2.7838 2.6087 2.6244 154.7866 1. 3819

6 2.7838 2.6072 2.6210 174.9412 1.4390

7 2.7838 2.6074 2.6197 192.1724 1.4862

8 2.7838 . 2.6053 2.6162 212.3699 1.535

9 2.7838 2.6072 2.6196 230.9630 1 .5880

10 2.7838 2.6074 2.6159 251.0690 1.6226

11 2.7838 2.6101 2.6183 268.1432 1.6591

12 2.7838 2.6087 2.6159 289.7645 1.7021

13 2.7838 2.6087 2.6152 308 .43:45 • 1.7487

.

1/6 x 10-3 1""I ~ .

ft-l -

0.9123 22.54

0.8493 ·27.80

0.7973 32.62 .

0.7599 38.76

0.7236 4J.37 .

0.6949 49.01

0.6729 5J.67

0.6515 59 .13

0.6297 63.51 .

0.6163 70.34

0.6027 75.12 •

0.5875 81. 18 '

0.5719 84.81

NAX 10 2

lb- mole 2 .

ft - hr • •

1.2.175 .--

1.1922

1.2168

1.1083 :

1.0343 .

1.0281 .

1.0031

0. 9844 '

0.9527

0.9078

0.9302

0.8789

0.8457

- 2 kLx 10

ft/hr.

7.7213

7.3734

7 .3048 .

6;7316 .

6. 1900

6.0625

5.8933

5.6918

5.5490

5.2746

s.4861

5. 1264

4.9230

DABX 105

2 ft /hr.

2.639

'

·oo N

J J ~1l1~~ 3 ~a~~fia~an11~~aa~D~~ 2 " , •

I ' nau ABSORPI'ION v ~

t a~11 ~OMllJ.I tl1 "3 ~ ..J "

A re % LiCl n 111 ,.,a J

T u 1l11 ~ l ,,,1'

l1 m.S/cm oC ml/s oc .

1 71 • 5 . 30 4.2.90 43.8261 2.75 13.0

2 71.0 30 4.304 43.9866 J.40 13.0

3 72.0 30 4.274 43. 64'22 4.05 13.5

4 72.2 30 4 .. 270 43 .. 5962 4.75 13.5

5 71.5 JO 4.290 43.8261 s.4o 13.0 .

6 71.8 30 4 .. 280 43.7112 6.40 13.0 .

7 72.0 30 4.274 4J.6422 6.70 14.0

8 72.3 JO 4.266 43.5501 7.40 13.5

9 72.5 30 4.262 43.5040 8.05 13.5

10 71.9 30 4.278 4J.6882 8.75 14.o .

11 72.0 30 4.274 43.6422 9.35 13.0 .

12. 12.2 30 4.270 43.5962 10 .10 13.0

13 72.3 30 4.2.66 43.5501 .

10.75 1J.O

'

•

"' fl 1 1 J.lftU . A

nvn.Hg. mS/cm

10 75.5

10 74.0

10 7·4. 5

10 74.2

10 73.2

10 73.2

10 73.2

10 73.4

10 73.5 .

10 72.8

10 72.8

10 72.9

10 72.9

" ,,,a~ ABSORPrION

T JC

oc

30 4.190

JO 4.2.22

JO 4.212

JO 4.219

30 4.243

30 4.243

30 4.243

30 4.ZJB

30 4.236

JO 4.2.54

30 4.254

30 4.250

.

4.250 30

• % LiCl

42.6684

43.0410

42.9248

43.0062

43.2845

43.2845

43 .. 2845

43.2266

43.2034

43.4116

43.4116

43.3654

43.3654

CD w

,

J ft 111..:111 4

• M J udft~uan11fl1U'Xll!la~~a~a~ftl1 2 " .

- 6 )( 1 o3 1/6 x 10-3 CAi CAO CAL r

~ fl1 '3 .

J lb-mole/ft3 ft-1 l1 lb/hr-f t ft

1 2.7838 2.4618 2 .. 5034 79.9457 1.2368 0.8085

2 2.7838 2.4560 2.4900 98.9247 1.J406 0.7460 .

3 2.7838 2.4684 2.4942 117.7516 1.4091 0.7097

4 2.7838 2.4701 2.4913 138.1114 1.4860 0 .. 6729

5 2..7838 2.4618 2..4813 157.1362 1.5684 o.6376 .

6 2.. 7838 . 2.4659 2.4813 177.4737 1.6290 0.6139

7 2.7838 2..4684 2..4813 194.9090 1.6784 0.5958

8 2.7838 2.4717 2.4834 215.22.20 1.72.76 0.5788

9 2 .. 7838 2. .. 4734 2.4842. 2.34. 1011 1.7794 0.5619

10 2..7838 2 .. 4668 2.4767 254.6146 1.8603 0.5375

1 1 2.7838 2.4684 2.4767 272.0543 1.9019 0.5258 • ,

12 2.7838 2.4701 2..4784 2.93.8342 . 1.92.44 0.5196 .

13 2.7838 2..4717 2.4784 312.7217 . 1 • 9649 0.5089

. .

2 NAx 10

Re . lb-mole

- ft2-hr.

-

15.69 1.3996

18.83 1.4136

23.01 1.2738

26.98 1.2270

29.66 1.2.812

33.79 1.1387

37.26 1.0472

41.68 1.0444

45.14 1.0542

46.68 1.0547

49.87 0.9387

56 .18 1.0139

59.79 0.8629

- 2 kL x 10

ft/hr.

4.6542

4.5531

4.2137

4.0499

4.1046

3.6718

3.3903

J.4108

J.4571

J.3803 '

J.0163

J.2756

2.7951

DABX 10 5

2 ft /hr.

1.759

•

co ~

85

--

,....I<>

•

• 0

0

~ - "" • ~ 0 ...::f -

) ~ x 00 ;i

) p • 0 0 ~

;:; ("'

-1<> ("9

~

;)§ ..J ~ D

• "'? \'" - r ('t'\

~ 0 0 ~ ~

,.... tr"

" u:i x

;)~ r-•

~ 0 ;i \'" r ~ '7 -... ~ ~ .J

~ \'" If"' - a - "" 0 .- .,....

~ • x -vs: -.a ';:I 0 ,.,... ;i •

D 0

a a "" a 0 -

D x I.('\ - •

~ •·

..J "' 00 c-. ..0 l/"'\ ...:r ~ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 )Ii. ........ • .µ • • • • • •

~ -•

86

~ 1ntiaiian 11\'lflaa '3 ...

B~1101,1l'laL~~~iJJ1~1 10.75 rnl/s I

fl1n11uil~~1naun11flflnau .., .. • mS/cm 'lflVI 30 c 72..3 ..

.., Cj

'' l'la~n 11flrinau I I 72..9 II .. fl112J~uttJU1 10 mm Hg

0

n 1'Jfl11J1CU

• •• •

10. 75 x 3600 Q = 1 OOO x 28 • .3168 .

-- 1.3667

•

- tl11J.IL fii1fiu1a~ H2o 08U011~t'lflSU, CAo

~ 1n Calibration , Curve ( 1'1.1~ F4. 2) L ~afl 1011u11,.,ff 1 L ~u 7 2. 3 'LI

ti1ut11 .Jc 1 ~ 4. 266 iiuf1a

c = 18 .1988

M • W • lil~ Li Cl -- 42.392

--

'' --sp. Gr 1a~a11a~a1a Lic1 43.55 %

g - mole/litre H2o

18.1988 x_ 4?~l92 ·. = 43 •55 °/o

1 OOO + ( 18. 1988 x 42. 39Z)

100 .. 4J.55 = 56.45 °/o

.. ' iltl1 = 1.262 I . .

uuf1aa11a~a1tt Lici 43.55 % 100 lb ihJ;i.1tt1 = 100 ft3

1· .262 x 62. 4

•

• • •

56.45 18 x 1. 269

3 ll:rrrole/ft

-- 2.4717 llrrrole/ft3

Li Cl = 43 .36

fl11iJL tii.luna~«'1'lua1,a::a1a"Ma~n11~flnau cAL = 2 .4784

- fl'l1>Jl li.tflu11a-.l H2o ~u1«i.NS ' CAi

., LUfl~q1n

fl'l'litftulatr1~u si

3 ll>JtPle/ft

.J " "' • tJ! It M 't'ltl'l1JJtlU 10 nm Hg ~OIHljJJ 30 c q: 'Jfl'l1JJL TJJJ'DU11il-3 Lice 33 °/o

;~~ft1 sp. Gr. 1.197 LrlafliU1lllfl11JJLti>Jluna~ H2o 'lua11a::e1a'lu~u1a lb-m::>le/ft3 lfttmiua~Lft~1nu q::l~ cAi 2.7838 lb-mole/ft3

•

D -- 1.315 inch

-- 0 .. 1096 ft

6 -- 3 u r 1/3 '2

p g

"' . flllMJ'lJJ 3 0 . c • v

µ -- 20.9226 lb/ft-hr.

p -- 7a.7715 lb/ft3

• r pQ -I -• • 1f D

87

- 78. 7715 )( 1 .3667 lb/hr-f t -1J x 0 .1096

-- 312.6661 It

• .. .

I

Vl1r11 NA

• • •

1/3 3 x 20.9226 x 312.6661 2 8 (78. 7715) x 4.18 x 10

ft 6 --

-- ft

A = fJ (D + 26) L

--

--

NA

--

--

Re

n (0.1096 + l.9649x io-3 x 2) x 90x 3.28lx io-2

--

--

--

1.053

-Q ( CAl -

A

CAO) 2 lb-mole/ft -hr

1. 366 7 ( 2. 47 8 4 - 2. 4717 ) ''

1.053 •

8.629 x io-3 II

I

a.629xio-3

in < ~:4:::i:ga~> ( 2 • 47 8 4 - 2 • 4717 )

2.7951 x io-2

--

--

!J' µ

4 x 312.6661 20.9226

= 59.77

ft/hr

..

88 •

-

•

Conductivit

(mS/cm)

80

78

76

74

?l

70

4.04 4.08 4. 12

•

I • i t " af I "

'ltl~ u 2 fl'j 1"LLatt-ifl1111tfmeuu·i~M11-3tll 111L IJ.1!1UflUfl1n11u·11~ 1 ~

4. 1 G 4.20 4.24

I ... ..,. 0 )i)ljMJl 11 3 0 c , v

4.28 4.J2

•

4.J6 /concentration

(mole/litre H2o>~

•

CD

"°

Conductivity • 4

,

(ms/cm) 99

95

91

87

83

79

75

J.80 J.84 J. 88 . 3.92

I ' I V V • ll

111; '4 J n 11l'ILLa ft'3tl11llct'me"un 'l ~l'111 \Jtl11J.J l t1lJ'llu111 J~l ·1n ·11u~11~li1 " •

... q 0 l'ElUWl lJ JO C · , "

•

J.96 4.00 4.04 Ji. 08 4. 12 4. 16 / Conc·.entrat ion

(mo le/litre H .. 0);2. '-

\0 0

91

CONCENTRATION -PERCENT 0 10 20 30 40 so

__, RELAT l VE HUMIDITY or: ~If\ 2 0 0 0 ~.,,....... ~ ... .._ -+-+--,~:::::~ ""'-..;;::t7-::::::;~ I N EQ U t L I SR I UM - P £RC ENT

I a~o, I . I 1000

. •(J

x 3 0 0 t------!.4i.-.;;:~

:Joo/:' ~eo P­

~t101: ~~~o

-~..,,_~ ~~~-.... _....,__-= ..._ ~ 2oot::=~._ ..... .._ ~~~ ~'__.,___..; 1

~ 1 0 0 .._ 0 0 -...... "-~----111>-h-. ::> Ot CD 0

~ "lg UJ « CL

a: 0 Q.

~

•

•

1 0 .__ __ 1-_.;; ..... ~........_...,__~ __.__....;:

7 ..__ _ ___. .......... ++-+

5

3 .__ ~--1---1--4-+-'--~

~~OJ:> --- -~_._.; ..... ~--lo--_;: ... __ .....

~00,:- j

~----"""" •

I . I I

I

•

•

tl_ __ U::bJ-..ll~~------~'----A.....;:~.&.-...L..iL-...-.L.-----......L.-'-------....L.------~ 0 5 10 15 . 2 0 2 s 30 3 5

MOLS OF ·LITHIUM CHLORIDE PER 1000 CC OF WATER . ...

1tl ~ 4 • •

( ~1n ASHARE : Guide and Data Book : 196 3)

\

•

0 Cl')

IJ) f'

0 f'

"' \0

0 \0

IJ) IJ)

0 U"'l

"' N 0 N

0 N

lf) r1

0 r-t

0 ~

\ \

\

'

•

\ \

\ \

•

92 •

0 N

:c

-0 CX)

r lf) r r-- • ?

(;;)

s ~ it ~

~it ... ;:i r

0 ("'

""" c: ~~ (a -... ~ ;:i r ("'

"" c:

"° • ... ~~ ~ a'. <;:!' ?~ r~

0 - ("9 c:: ~ \0

I.(')

lli

0 tf'I

~ )~ ~

r :g \~ ~ ;! 4il

~e ~ ;:i \,-j ru (§: ·" ?

• I-et

s '(& - :J. -~ r r .. ~

. r ~~ c: ~·

•

., :; '

SPEICFIC GRAVITY OF LiCl - H2o SOLUTION

% WT.LiCl

20

30

40

45

1.11181

1.17602

1.24806

1.28768

1.08550

1.17269

1.24427

1.28361

50°c

1.10500

1.16940

1.24081

1.28003

1.1013

1.1659

93

• I

(~1n ASHARE Guide and Data Book : 1963)

•

•

D

g

L

m

Q

-U~U

--

--

--

--

--

-·-

--

----

--

--

--

--

--

94

. " S1fl1J,

JI ' " L~UU1f1UtJOS1"1, ,, (ft)

" ~"1.11::aYifin11LL'Win1::~1i.l'A11 A , 'U B, ( ft2 /hr)

af)11li-311fl~LL1'31U>Jtl1~ = 4.18x 108 , (lb/hr2>

amJ,~i~in11n1tJL~111aLU1~n1fl!JB~L'Ha1Ua~~1~~1>JaiftU (ft/hr)

a3Jll1:i~fin11n1al~>J1a1u'l/Jn1fl!JB~L~a1tfltJlg~tJ, (ft/hr)

~ . " !Jfl-3 L 'Ha1 LLa~n1~ f1111a1fltJ ( ft/ hr >

fl1fl11>J~U

wan~ (Flux) 01101tJLYl111fl11a~ft11 A,

d fl11>JL1'l,

•

•

2 (lb-roole/ft -hr)

TJtl ~ L l1a1 . # fi 1111 L fi11iiu LgatJL_U 1'J111f1!Jil.:J L 'Ht't1fl111aifttJ

( nole fraction)

•

95

-- (roole fraction) •

e = 1:;H~L1a1 (hr)

• 6 = fl11MMU118~UNU~a~ , (ft) '

µ ~ = fl11J.MUft1a~d11s:a1~ , (lb/ft-hr)

p fl11~U1UUU, ( lb/ft3 ) --

r --A = t11n11uild1 (milli Siemens/cm)

• •