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Tanuka Bhattacharya 1

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MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM

Tanuka Bhattacharya 2

Management information system (MIS)

An MIS provides managers with information andsupport for effective decision making, and provides

feedback on daily operations

Output, or reports, are usually generated through

accumulation of transaction processing data

Each MIS is an integrated collection of subsystems,

which are typically organized along functional lines

within an organization

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Historic Development

Tanuka Bhattacharya 3

In the 70s, there was a discernible shift fromdata to information. The focus was not ondata but on the analysis of Organisation data.

There was a shift in the philosophy.

Such a concept came to be widely known asManagement Information System.

Right Information in Right Time to RightPeople

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Contd.

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In the 70s the top management relied on the staff

of EDP & MIS to supply the necessary information.

The 80s saw the Personal Computer (PC) revolution.

The Personal Computer & the desk-top metaphor

changed the picture completely.

The biggest pay-off for such direct use was the

what-if analysis capability. This led to the emerge of Decision Support Systems

(DSS).

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Contd..

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The information and decision hungry managers of

80s saw a huge potential in the expert systems as a

result of spectacular growth in the Artificial

Intelligence area.

Combined with DSS philosophy the expert systems

could supply a superior class of managerial

information support, known as Knowledge Based

Systems (KBS).

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Contd..

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The EDP targeted the operational level of

management.

The MIS/DSS/KBS target the middle

management.

Attempts were made to provide information

to top management as well, known as

Executive Information System (EIS).

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Management Information System

Tanuka Bhattacharya 7

The three sub-components

Management, Information and System

- together bring out the focus clearly & effectively.

System emphasizing a fair degree of integration anda holistic view;

Information stressing on processed data in thecontext in which it is used by end users;

Management focusing on the ultimate use of suchinformation systems for managerial decisionmaking.

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1.INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

2.VARIOUS DATABASE

( RELATIONAL,HIERARCHIAL,NETWORKING)

3. SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

4. Client Server Architecture8

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The TECHNOLOGY component

Tanuka Bhattacharya 9

Information Technology (IT) has changed the

way

organisations function and carry out theiractivites.

Computers have fundamentally changed MISfrom an abstract concept to concrete system

that provide efficiency and transparency in

the Organisation.

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IT is a tool which consist of Hardware ,Software,

Database Management, Medium of Transmission

and other information processing technologies

used in a Computer based system

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IT

HARDWARE

SOFTWARE

DATABASE

TRANSMISSIONMEDIUM

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Tanuka Bhattacharya 12

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A database is a structured collection of records or data that is stored in a computer

system. The structure is achieved by organizing the data according to a databasemodels

Data storage can refer to:memory, components, devices and media that retain digital computer devices

used for computing for some interval of time.

Data transmission is the transfer of data from point-to-point often representedas an electro magnetic signals over a physical point-to-point or point-to-

multipoint channels of communication .

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Data into information or knowledge

Accidental formatting, power failures, virus attacks and hardware breakdown

are some of the common situation where you will be searching for the Data.

Data Display have gained extensive experience in electronic display technology

and can offer you a wealth of knowledge and experience to provide you with

the best dedicated solution.

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S .NOOld Business rule IT Intervention New Business Rule

1. Information can appear only

at one place at one time .

Shared database Information appears

simultaneously .

2. Only experts can perform

complex jobs .

Expert Systems General people can

perform experts

3. Organization must choose

between centralization and

decentralization .

Telecommunication

NetworksBoth are possible .

4. Field people need offices Mobile

Computing

Field offices can be virtual

.

5. Find out Information . Enterprise

application

system

Information is available as

when required .

6. Plans get revised periodically Enterprise

Application

System

Plans get Revised

Instantaneously

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Business firms invest heavily in information systems to achieve strategic

business objectives: Operational excellence: Efficiency, productivity, and

improved changes in business practices and management behavior

New products, services, and business models: A business model describes how

a company produces, delivers, and sells a product or service to create wealth.

Customer and supplier intimacy: Improved communication with and service to

customers raises revenues, and improved communication with suppliers lowers costs.

Improved decision making: Without accurate and timely information, business

managers must make decisions based on forecasts, best guesses, and luck, a process thatresults in over and under-production of goods, raising costs, and the loss of customers.

Competitive advantage: Implementing effective and efficient information

systems can allow a company to charge less for superior products, adding up to higher

sales and profits than their competitors.

Survival: Information systems can also be a necessity of doing business. A

necessity may be driven by industry-level changes, as in the implementation of ATMs inthe retail banking industry.

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