Dr. Sun Yixian (1866 –

1925)

Dr. Sun Yixian (1866 –

1925)

(Dr. Sun Yat-sen)(Dr. Sun Yat-sen)

Chinese Warlords,

1920s

Chinese Warlords,

1920s

Yuan Shi-kaiYuan Shi-kai

China in 1924China in 1924

Mao Zedong As a Young

Revolutionary

Mao Zedong As a Young

Revolutionary

(Mao Tse-tung)(Mao Tse-tung)

Mao With His Children,

1930s

Mao With His Children,

1930s

Jiang Jieshi Becomes

President

of Nationalist China, 1928

Jiang Jieshi Becomes

President

of Nationalist China, 1928

(Chiang Kai-shek)(Chiang Kai-shek)

The Long MarchThe Long March

Survivors of the

March

Survivors of the

March

Japanese Aggression, 1931

- 1945

Japanese Aggression, 1931

- 1945

Victims of the Japanese

bombing of Shanghai.

Victims of the Japanese

bombing of Shanghai.

Japanese Soldiers March into

Nanking

December 9, 1937

Japanese Soldiers March into

Nanking

December 9, 1937

The Japanese Invasion,

1937

The Japanese Invasion,

1937

Remains of Chinese

Children Bayoneted

by Japanese Soldiers

Remains of Chinese

Children Bayoneted

by Japanese Soldiers

Japanese Bayonet

Practice

Japanese Bayonet

Practice

Beheadings Took Place

in Public!

Beheadings Took Place

in Public!

Chinese Prisoners Were

Often

Beheaded & Displayed

Chinese Prisoners Were

Often

Beheaded & Displayed

UNIT 731: Bio-Chemical

Warfare

UNIT 731: Bio-Chemical

Warfare

UNIT 731: Live Human

Dissections

UNIT 731: Live Human

Dissections

The Peoples’ Liberation

Army, 1949

The Peoples’ Liberation

Army, 1949

The Communist VictoryThe Communist Victory

Taiwan: The Republic

of China

Taiwan: The Republic

of China

Jiang Jieshu (1887-

1975)

Jiang Jieshu (1887-

1975)

(Chiang Kai-shek)(Chiang Kai-shek)

Madame Jiang JieshuMadame Jiang Jieshu

The People’s Republic

of China

The People’s Republic

of China

Reasons for the

Communists’ Success

Reasons for the

Communists’ Success► Mao won support of peasants – land

► Mao won support of women

► Mao’s army used guerilla war tactics► Mao’s army used guerilla war tactics

► Many saw the Nationalist government as corrupt

► Many felt that the Nationalists allowed foreigners to dominate China.

Great Leap Forward,

1958

Great Leap Forward,

1958► 5 year plan to increase agriculture

and industry

► Communese Groups of people who live and work

togethertogethere Property held in common e Had production quotas

► Failed due to poor quality of products, poor weather hurtagriculture

Communist China

Under Mao

Communist China

Under Mao► Industrialized China► Increased literacy► Class privileges ended► Rural Chinese received health

carecare► One-party dictatorship► Denied people basic rights and

freedoms --> Inner Mongolia,Tibet

Mao, Panchen Lama,

Dalai Lama

in Beijing, 1954

Mao, Panchen Lama,

Dalai Lama

in Beijing, 1954

► Tibet --> an autonomousarea.

► Dalai Lama fled in the late 1950s toIndia.

A Campaign Against

the

“FOUR OLDS”

A Campaign Against

the

“FOUR OLDS”► Old Thoughts

► Old Culture

► Old Customs

► Old Habits

To Rebel Is Good!To Rebel Is Good!

Communist China

Under Mao

Communist China

Under Mao► Designed to renew revolutionary

spirit and establish a moreequitable society

► Mao wanted to put “intellectuals”in their placein their place

► Schools shut down – studentsrevolted

► Red Guards – students whoattacked professors, governmentofficials, factory managers

A Red GuardA Red Guard

Red Guards March to

Canton

Red Guards March to

Canton

With regard to the great teacher Chairman Mao, cherish the word 'Loyalty'. With regard to the great Mao Zedong Thought, vigorously

stress the word 'Usefullness'. (1968)

With regard to the great teacher Chairman Mao, cherish the word 'Loyalty'. With regard to the great Mao Zedong Thought, vigorously

stress the word 'Usefullness'. (1968)

Cult of Personality