Bamboo Construction - Natuurlijk bouwen kun jij ook - Juan Carlos Gaviria Moreno & Max Verhoeven
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Transcript of Bamboo Construction - Natuurlijk bouwen kun jij ook - Juan Carlos Gaviria Moreno & Max Verhoeven
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bamboo constructionpractical experience with natural buidling
Juan Carlos Gaviria Moreno & Max Verhoeven
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why bamboo building? Sustainable?
co2 sequestering reduction soil erosion temperature reduction water regulation (dry/wet seasons) fast growing time low use of nutrients low primary energy
Source: Minke, G. (2012)
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why bamboo building? Safe?
earthquake proof build light relative high strengh
Source: Minke, G. (2012)
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why bamboo building? economic?
low cost (if localy produced) creation of local jobs (extra) income for farmers
Source: Kant, Shashi, and Marian Chiu, 2000
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bamboo architecture
traditional
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bamboo architecture
traditional
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bamboo architecture
Simn Vlez
The temporary Cathedral in structural bamboo (guadua) at Pereira, Colombia, 1999Expo 2000 pavilion Hanover for the ZERI. First constructed in Colombia.
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bamboo architecture
24H architecture
24H-architecture, Bamboo Manta Ray, Koh Kood, Thailand
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bamboo architecture
24H architecture
24H-architecture, Bamboo Manta Ray, Koh Kood, Thailand
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bamboo architecture
Agora Architects
Temporary dormitories for Mae Tao Clinic, Mae Sot, Thailand
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bamboo architecture
Andrea Fitrianto
Andrea Fitrianto
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bamboo architecture
BAMB SOCIAL
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what is bamboo?
main properties plant composition types of roots fibers where is bamboo? types of bamboo mechanical properties bamboo and wood uses of bamboo
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main properties
grass grows appr. 60 cm/day more than 1300 spices
Source: McClure, 1966
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plant composition
three elements: nodes internodes wall
fibres only in one direction light strongest natural fibre in
the world Silica in outer layer
(silicium dioxide)Nelli Silva et al., 2006
Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014)
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a bamboo plant reproduces by its roots in 3 classes:
1. in a bunch 2. 1-3 meters seperated (guadua) 3. runners large seperations
types of roots
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fibres
1 year old 12 years old
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where is bamboo?
37 million hectares
Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014)
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types of bamboo
More than 1300 species
Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014)
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Guadua Angustifolia Kunth
Most used for construction in Colombia: The king of bamboo Thick walls, strong fibers Not very conical Protected by spines New shoots 3m from mother culm Flowering in Nicaragua
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mechanical properties Guadua
PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF GUADUA
MINIMUM VALUE
AVERAGE VALUE
MAXIMUM VALUE
Basic density outside [kg/m3] - 581 -
Density dried outside [kg/m3] - 522 -
Compression parallel to fibre [N/mm2] 20.7 43.9 83.7
Tension parallel to fibre [N/mm2] 35.2 53.5 170
Flexion [N/mm2] 4.9 37.5 110.5Modulus of elasticity longtudinal compression [N/mm2]
1080 2190 9080
Modulus of elasticity longtudinal tension [N/ 2010 3030 6540For Guadua a lot of information is available, but for th evast majority of bamboo species there is no systematic information available. We advise you to test the local bamboo specie.
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safety of bamboo
Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014)
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bamboo and wood
vs
family: grass Wood (Oak)fibres: 1 direction 2 directionstime to grow: 3-7 years 50 100 yearsregeneration: grows itself back replant
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bamboo and wood shrinking
Bamboo shrinks more then wood when it loses water. The canes can tear apart the nodes. Bamboo shrinks in the cross section ca. 10-16%. In the wall thickness ca. 15-17%. The longitudinal shrinkage is much less.
source: www.bambus\new\eng\reports\buildingmaterial\buildingmaterial.html
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the mystery of flowering
Small species: every 3-4 years and they live after the flowering
Large species: every 20/30/80/120 years, all the plants in a region flower together and the culms die off after the flowering. This is called: Gregorian Flowering
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uses of bamboo
Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014)
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Before building
is (the right) bamboo available locally? is the bamboo accessable? facilities for a method of treatment.
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Before building
Selection of species Planting and harvesting (startup 7 yrs) Cutting (when and how) Treatment (natural/chemical) Dry (2-3 months) Processing (f.e. laminated bamboo)
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selecting bamboo
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which bamboo to choose?
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cutting bamboo
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cutting bamboo
wrong right
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cleaning bamboo
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treating bamboo
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drying bamboo
Image right: 24H architecture
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processing bamboo
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Building with bamboo Principles design principles gathering information location fundation columns prefabricated elements assemblage details finishing
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design with bamboo
like a mexican to protect the bamboo from:
rain sun termites
Illustration: Sylvia Machgeels, BAMB SOCIAL (2014)
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no hat nor boots
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gathering information
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design
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location
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foundation details
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foundation
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foundation
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columns
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columns
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prefabricated elements
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prefabricated elements
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assemblage
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assemblage
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connections
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details
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details
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details
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details
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details
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the roof
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the roof
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the roof
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finishing
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finishing
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finishing
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finishing
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end results
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end results
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thank you
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referencesBooks/Articles/Reports:Guaduabamboo (2014). The reality about building with bamboo. http://www.guaduabamboo.com/blog/the-realityabout-building-with-bamboo.Jules Janssen, designing and building with bamboo: http://www.inbar.int/publications/?did=58Gaviria Moreno, J.C., et. al. (2015), BAMB SOCIAL, un manual de construccin sostenible con bamb. Minke, G. (2012). Building with Bamboo: Design and Technology of a Sustainable Architecture. van Lengen, J (1981). Barefoot Architect. Mexico.Liese et al. (2002). Preservation of bamboo for the construction of houses for low income people. Universitt Hamburg, Duitsland.van der Lugt, P. (2003). Bamboe als alternatief bouwmateriaal in West-Europa?. Delft.Shortsighted Architecture (2013). Projectplan Shortsighted El Rama. Delft.Nienhuys, S. (2012). Thin Bamboo Culms or TrussesUse of Two and Three Culms in Composite Beams. Kant, Shashi, and Marian Chiu. "Bamboo sector reforms and the local economy of Linan County, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China."Forest
Policy and Economics1.3 (2000): 283-299
Websites:www.bambus-conbam.de www.abari.org www.bamboocentral.org www.inbar.int (free technical reports)www.guaduabamboo.com !www.bambus.rwth-aachen.de/eng/index.htm lwww.tibarose.com www.pindorama.org
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architects
Simn Vlez24H-architectureGernot MinkeShigeru BanTYIN tegnestue ArchitectsAgora ArchitectsIbukuVo Trong Nghia Architects