Bai Soan PLC 1

7/31/2019 Bai Soan PLC 1

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KS. Le Ngoc Bch Trang 1

Chng 1: TONG QUAN VE PLC

1.1GII THIEU VE PLC (Programmable Logic Control)(Bo ieu khien logic khatrnh)

Hnh thanh t nhom cac ky s hang General Motors nam 1968 vi y tng ban aula thiet ke mot bo ieu khien thoa man cac yeu cau sau:

Lap trnh de dang, ngon ng lap trnh de hieu. De dang sa cha thay the. On nh trong moi trng cong nghiep. Gia ca canh tranh.

Thiet b ieu khien logic kha trnh (PLC: Programmable Logic Control) (hnh 1.1)la loai thiet b cho phep thc hien linh hoat cac thuat toan ieu khien so thong qua mot

ngon ng lap trnh, thay cho viec the hien thuat toan o bang mach so.

Hnh 1.1Nh vay, vi chng trnh ieu khien trong mnh, PLC tr thanh bo ieu khien so

nho gon, de thay oi thuat toan va ac biet de trao oi thong tin vi moi trng xungquanh (vi cac PLC khac hoac vi may tnh). Toan bo chng trnh ieu khien c lunh trong bo nh PLC di dang cac khoi chng trnh (khoi OB, FC hoac FB) va thchien lap theo chu ky cua vong quet.


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Hnh 1.2e co the thc hien c mot chng trnh ieu khien, tat nhien PLC phai co tnh

nang nh mot may tnh, ngha la phai co mot bo vi x ly (CPU), mot he ieu hanh, bo nhe lu chng trnh ieu khien, d lieu va cac cong vao/ra e giao tiep vi oi tng ieukhien va trao oi thong tin vi moi trng xung quanh. Ben canh o, nham phuc vu baitoan ieu khien so, PLC con can phai co them cac khoi chc nang ac biet khac nh boem (Counter), bo nh th (Timer) va nhng khoi ham chuyen dung.

PROGRAMMABLE

CONTROLLER

IsolationBarrier

IsolationBarrier

CentralProcessor

ro ram data

Low Voltage

AC Power

Output

DC Poweror

CommunicationsPort

Input


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Hnh 1.3

He thong ieu khien s dung PLC

Hnh 1.4He thong ieu khien dung PLC


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1.2PHAN LOAIPLC c phan loai theo 2 cach: Hang san xuat: Gom cac nhan hieu nh Siemen, Omron, Misubishi, Alenbratlay Version:

V du: PLC Siemen co cac ho: S7-200, S7-300, S7-400, Logo.PLC Misubishi co cac ho: Fx, Fx0, FxON

1.3CAC BO IEU KHIEN VA PHAM VI NG DUNG1.3.1Cac bo ieu khien

Ta co cac bo ieu khien: Vi x ly, PLC va May tnh.1.3.2Pham vi ng dung1.3.2.1May tnh

Dung trong nhng chng trnh phc tap oi hoi o chnh xac cao. Co giao dien than thien Toc o x ly cao

Co the lu tr vi dung lng ln1.3.2.2Vi x ly Dung trong nhng chng trnh co o phc tap khong cao (v ch x ly 8 bit). Giao dien khong than thien vi ngi s dung Toc o tnh toan khong cao. Khong lu tr hoac lu tr vi dung lng rat t

1.3.2.3PLC o phc tap va toc o x ly khong cao Giao dien khong than thien vi ngi s dung Khong lu tr hoac lu tr vi dung lng rat t Moi trng lam viec khac nghiet1.4 CAC LNH VC NG DUNG PLC

PLC c s dung kha rong rai trong cac nganh: Cong nghiep, May nong nghiep,Thiet b y te, Oto (xe hi, can cau)1.5 CAC U IEM KHI S DUNG HE THONG IEU KHIEN VI PLC:

- Khong can au day cho s o ieu khien logic nh kieu dung r le.- Co o mem deo s dung rat cao, khi ch can thay oi chng trnh (phan mem)

ieu khien.- Chiem v tr khong gian nho trong he thong.- Nhieu chc nang ieu khien.- Toc o cao.- Cong suat tieu thu nho.- Khong can quan tam nhieu ve van e lap at.- Co kha nang m rong so lng au vao/ra khi noi them cac khoi vao/ra chc nang.- Tao kha nang m ra cac lnh vc ap dung mi.- Gia thanh khong cao.


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Chnh nh nhng u the o, PLC hien nay c s dung rong rai trong cac hethong ieu khien t ong, cho phep nang cao nang suat san xuat, chat lng va s ongnhat san pham, tang hieu suat , giam nang lng tieu ton, tang mc an toan, tien nghi vathoai mai trong lao ong. ong thi cho phep nang cao tnh th trng cua san pham.1.6 GII THIEU CAC NGON NG LAP TRNH

Cac loai PLC noi chung thng co nhieu ngon ng lap trnh nham phuc vu cac oitng s dung khac nhau. PLC S7-300 co 5 ngon ng lap trnh c ban. o la:

Ngon ng hnh thang, ky hieu la LAD (Ladder logic).

ay la ngon ng o hoa thch hp vi nhng ngi quen thiet ke mach logic. Ngon ng liet ke lenh, ky hieu la STL (Statement list).

ay la dang ngon ng lap trnh thong thng cua may tnh. Mot chng trnh cghep gi nhieu cau lenh theo mot thuat toan nhat nh, moi lenh chiem mot hang va eu

co cau truc chung la ten lenh + toan hang. Ngon ng hnh khoi, ky hieu la FBD (Function Block Diagram).

ay cung la ngon ng o hoa thch hp vi nhng ngi quen thiet ke machieu khien so.

Ngon ng GRAPH.ay la ngon ng lap trnh cap cao dang o hoa. Cau truc chng trnh ro rang,

chng trnh ngan gon. Thch hp cho ngi trong nganh c kh von quen vi gian oGrafcet cua kh nen.


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Hnh 1.5 Ngon ng High GRAPH.

Hnh 1.6La dang ngon ng lap trnh phat trien t ngon ng lap trnh GRAPH.


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Chng 2: CAU TRUC PHAN CNG PLC HO S7

2.1 CAC TIEU CHUAN VA THONG SO KY THUAT HO S7-200, S7-300

Xem phu luc 12.2 CAC TNH NANG CUA PLC S7-300, S7-2002.2.1 S7-300

He thong ieu khien kieu Module nho gon cho cac ng dung trong pham vitrung bnh

Co nhieu loai CPU Co nhieu Module m rong Co the m rong en 32 Module Cac Bus noi tch hp pha sau cac Module Co the noi mang Multipoint Interface (MPI), Profibus hoac Industrial Ethernet Thiet b lap trnh trung tam co the truy cap en cac Module Khong han che ranh Cai at cau hnh va thong so vi cong cu tr giup HW-Config.

2.2.2 S7-200 He thong ieu khien kieu Module nho gon cho cac ng dung trong pham vi hep Co nhieu loai CPU Co nhieu Module m rong Co the m rong en 7 Module Bus noi tch hp trong Module mat sau Co the noi mang vi cong giao tiep RS 485 hay Profibus May tnh trung tam co the truy cap en cac Module

Khong qui nh ranh cam Phan mem ieu khien rieng Tch hp CPU, I/O nguon cung cap vao mot Module Micro PLC vi nhieu chc nang tch hp.


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2.3 CAC MODULE CUA PLC S7-300, S7-2002.3.1 S7-300

Hnh 2.1 Module CPUModule CPU la module cha bo vi x ly, he ieu hanh, bo nh, cac bo nh th, bo

em, cong truyen thong (RS 485) va co the con co mot vai cong vao/ra so. Cac congvao/ra so co tren module CPU c goi la cong vao/ra onboardnh CPU 314IFM.

Trong ho PLC S7-300 co nhieu loai module CPU khac nhau. Noi chung chung cat ten theo bo vi x ly co trong no nh module CPU312, module CPU314, moduleCPU315.

Nhng module cung s dung mot loai bo vi x ly, nhng khac nhau ve cong vao/raonboard cung nh cac khoi ham ac biet c tch hp san trong th vien cua he ieuhanh phuc vu viec s dung cac cong vao/ra onboard nay se phan biet vi nhau trong tengoi bang cach them cum ch cai IFM (Intergrated Function Module). V du moduleCPU313IFM, module CPU314IFM

Ngoai ra, con co cac loai module CPU vi hai cong truyen thong, trong o congtruyen thong th hai co chc nang chnh la phuc vu viec noi mang phan tan nh mangPROFIBUS (PROcess FIeld BUS). Tat nhien kem theo cong truyen thong th hai nay la

nhng phan mem tien dung thch hp cung a c cai san trong he ieu hanh. Cac loaimodule CPU nay c phan biet vi cac loai module CPU khac bang cach them cum tDP (Distributed Port). V du nh module CPU315-2DP.Tham khao hnh di:


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Hnh 2.2 Cong giao tiep cua cac PLCCac loai module m rong:

PS (Power Supply): Module nguon nuoi, co 3 loai 2A, 5A va 10A. SM (Signal Module): Module m rong cong tn hieu vao/ra, gom co:

DI (Digital Input): Module m rong cac cong vao so vi so lng cong cothe la 8, 16 hoac 32 tuy theo tng loai module. Gom 24VDC va 120/230V AC.

DO (Digital Output): Module m rong cac cong ra so vi so lng cong cothe la 8, 16 hoac 32 tuy theo tng loai module. Gom 24VDC va ngat ien t.

DI/DO (Digital Input/Digital Out): Module m rong cac cong vao/ra so viso lng cong co the la 8 vao/8 ra hoac 16 vao/16 ra tuy theo tng loai module.

AI (Anolog Input): Module m rong cac cong vao tng t. Ve ban chatchung la nhng bo chuyen oi tng t so 12 bits (AD), tc la moi tn hieu tng t cchuyen oi thanh mot tn hieu so (nguyen) co o dai 12 bits. So cac cong vao tng t cothe la 2, 4 hoac 8 tuy theo loai module. Tn hieu vao co the la ap, dong, ien tr.

AO (Anolog Output): Module m rong cac cong ra tng t. Chung lanhng bo chuyen oi so tng t 12 bits (DA). So cac cong ra tng t co the la 2, 4 hoac8 tuy theo loai module. Tn hieu ra co the la ap hoac dong.

AI/AO (Analog Input/Analog Output): Module m rong cac cong vao/ratng t. So cac cong tng t co the la 4 vao/2 ra hoac 4 vao/4 ra tuy theo tng loaimodule.

IM (Interface Module): Module ghep noi. ay la loai module chuyen dung conhiem vu noi tng nhom cac module m rong lai vi nhau thanh mot khoi va c quan lychung bi mot module CPU. Thong thng cac module m rong c ga lien vi nhautren mot thanh goi la rack (hnh 2.3). Tren moi thanh rack ch co the ga toi a 8module m rong (khong ke module CPU, nguon nuoi). Mot module CPU S7-300 co thelam viec trc tiep vi nhieu nhat 4 racks va cac racks nay phai c noi vi nhau bangmodule IM (xem hnh 2.4).


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Hnh 2.3 Thanh rack

Hnh 2.4 S o phan bo cac racks FM (Function Module): Module co chc nang ieu khien rieng, v du nh

module ieu khien ong c servo, module ieu khien ong c bc, module PID, moduleieu khien vong kn, Module em, nh v, ieu khien hoi tiep

CP (Communication Module): Module phuc vu truyen thong trong mang(MPI, PROFIBUS, Industrial Ethernet) gia cac PLC vi nhau hoac gia PLC vi maytnh.

Hnh sau la cau hnh ay u cua mot thanh Rack va s o ket noi nhieu Rack:


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Hnh2.5 Cau hnh mot thanh rack cua PLC S7-300

Hnh 2.6 Cau hnh tong quat cua mot PLC S7-300 vi 4 thanh rack noi vi nhau nh moduleIM va cap noi 368

Phu kienBus noi d lieu (Bus connector).

Kiem tra phan cngKiem tra bang cach nhn LED bo nguon

Bang 2.1LED DC 24V TRANG THAI PHAN NG CUA NGUONSang lien tuc Co ien ap 24V Co ien ap 24VChp Mach ra qua tai:


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LED DC 24V TRANG THAI PHAN NG CUA NGUONCao en 130%(ong)Cao en 130%(tnh)

B sut apien ap c hoi phuc khi khong con qua taiCao en 130% tnhien ap suy giam, giam tuoi tho

Off Ngan mach loi ra Mat ien ap, t ong hoi phuc khi ngan machc loai bo

Off Qua ap hay thap apphan s cap

Qua ap co the gay thiet hai.Khi b thap ap t ong ngat

Kiem tra bang cach nhn LED CPU cua S7 300

Hnh 2.7 Trang thai hien th LED:- SF = Loi nhom, chng trnh sai hay loi t khoi chuan oan- BATF = Loi Pin, Pin het hay khong co pin- DC5V = Bao co 5 VDC

- FRCE = Sang len khi bien cng bc tac ong- RUN = Nhap nhay khi CPU khi ong, on nh che o RUN- STOP = On nh che o STOP

Chp cham khi co yeu cau RESET bo nhChp nhanh khi ang RESET bo nh

Cha khoa cong tac: e at bang tay cac trang thai hoat ong cua CPU- MRES = Reset bo nh (Reset khoi)


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I0.0

1L+1M

1M

DC24V OUTPUTS

DC24V

DC24VINPUTS

0.0

0.0

0.1

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

2L+2M

2M

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6

0.7

0.7

1.0

1.0

1.1

1.1 1. 2 1.3 1. 4 1.5

M

M

L+

L+ DCSENSORSUPPLY

I1.0

TERM

STOP RUN VR1

Q0.0SF Q1.0

0 1

I0.1 I1.1 Q0.1RUN Q1.1

Cong truyen thong

I0.2 I1.2 Q0.2STOP

I0.3 I1.3 Q0.3

I0.4 I1.4 Q0.4

I0.5 I1.5 Q0.5

I0.6 Q0.6I0.7 Q0.7

CPU-214

6ES7 214-1AC00

SIEMENS

SIMATICS7-200

- STOP = Trang thai dng STOP, chng trnh khong thc hien- RUN-P = Trang thai chay RUN, CPU thc hien chng trnh- RUN = Chng trnh c thc hien, hoac co the, tuy nhien, ch octhoi khong sa c chng trnh.

Kiem tra bang cach nhn LED khoi Digital

Hnh 2.8Moi kenh vao/ra cua cac modul eu c hien th bang LED. Chung co cong

dung co the cho biet v tr loi cua chng trnh. Chung ch th trang thai quy trnhhoac trang thai ben trong trc bo giao tiep quang ien.2.3.1 S7-200

Hnh 2.9 Tch hp CPU, I/O nguon cung cap vao mot Module. Co nhieu loai CPU: CPU212, CPU 214,

CPU 215, CPU 216 Hnh dang CPU 214 thong dung nhat c mo ta tren hnh 2.1.


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Cac Module m rong (EM) (External Modules): Module ngo vao Digital: 24V DC, 120/230V AC Module ngo ra Digital: 24V DC, ngat ien t Module ngo vao Analog: Ap, dong, ien tr, cap nhiet Module ngo ra Analog: Ap, dong

Hnh 2.10Rap noi Module m rong

Module lien lac x ly (CP) (Communication Processor)Module CP 242-2 co the dung e noi S7-200 lam chu module giao tiep AS.Ket qua la, co en248 phan t nh phan c ieu khien bang 31 Module giao tiep AS. Gia tang ang ke so ngo vao va ngo racua S7-200.

Phu kienBus noi d lieu (Bus connector).

Cac en bao tren CPUCac en bao tren mat PLC cho phep xac nh trang thai lam viec hien hanh cua PLC:SF (en o) : khi sang se thong bao he thong PLC b hong.

RUN (en xanh) : khi sang se thong bao PLC ang lam viec va thc hien chng trnh c nap vao may.STOP(en vang) : khi sang thong bao PLC ang che o dng. Dng chng trnh ang thc hien

lai.

Ix.x (en xanh) : Thong bao trang thai tc thi cua cong vao PLC: Ix.x (x.x =0.0 1.5). en nay baohieu trang thai cua tn hieu theo gia tr logic cua cong.

Qy.y (en xanh) : Thong bao trang thai tc thi cua cong ra PLC: Qy.y (y.y =0.0 1.1). en nay baohieu trang thai cua tn hieu theo gia tr logic cua cong.

Cong tac chon che o lam viec cua CPU:Cong tac nay co 3 v tr : RUN TERM - STOP, cho phep xac lap che o lam viec cua PLC.-RUN : Cho phep PLC van hanh theo chng trnh trong bo nh. Khi trong PLC ang RUN, neu

co s co hoac gap lenh STOP, PLC se ri khoi che o RUN va chuyen sang che o STOP.


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SM-32116 DIGITAL INPUTS

DC 24V

L+M

POWER IN

24VDC

I.2

I.3

I.4

I.5

I.6

I.7

I.8

I.9

I.12

I.13

I.14

I.15

I.16

I.17

I.18

I.19

- STOP: Cng bc CPU dng chng trnh ang chay va chuyen sang che o STOP. che oSTOP, PLC cho phep hieu chnh lai chng trnh hoac nap chng trnh mi.

- TERM : Cho phep may lap trnh t quyet nh che o lam viec cua CPU hoac che o RUN hoacSTOP.2.4 GII THIEU CAU TAO PHAN CNG CAC KIT TH NGHIEM S7-300, S7-200

2.4.1 S7-300Bo ieu khien PLC S7300 Station 1200 bao gom cac module sau:2.4.1.1Khoi CPU-312 :

CPU-312 IMF s dung cho he thong thi nghiem vi the nuoi 24VDC, co bo sung 10loi vao so /24VDC, va 6 loi ra /24VDC.

2.4.1.2 Digital Input Module (DI) SM 321 DI 16 x DC24V (hnh 2.11)- 16 loi vao so (digital) oc lap va cach ly, ien the cho loi vao 24V/10mA, ch th

LED trang thai vao- ien the nuoi cho khoi (qua chan L+ & M): 24V.- Chc nang m rong loi vao ieu khien cho CPU S7-300.

Hnh 2.11: S o khoi SM 321 DI 16 x DC 24V / 321 1BH02-0AA0

2.4.1.3 Digital Output Module (DO) SM 322 (hnh 2.12)- 8 loi ra relay oc lap, dong gii han tiep iem relay: 2A. Ch th LED trang thai

ra.- ien the nuoi cho khoi (qua chan L+ & M): 24V.


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L+ M

AC230V

AC230V

AC230V

AC230V

MAX

MAX

MAX

MAX

3

7

12

16

4

8

13

17

5

9

14

18

SM-322DIGITAL 0UTPUTS

8 RELAYS

POWER IN

24VDC

2

4

3

5

10

COMP

11

SM-3312 ANALOG INPUTS-12BIT

A - 8O/250/500/1000mV/Pt100B - 2.5/5/1...5/10VC - 4WIRE CURRENTD - 2WIRE CURRENT

L+ M

POWER IN

24VDC

A C

B

D

Hnh 2.12 S o khoi SM 322 DO 8 x RELAY AC 230V / 322-1HF01-0AA0

- Chc nang m rong loi ra ieu khien cho CPU S7-300.2.4.1.3 Analog Input Module SM 331(hnh 2.13)- 2 loi vao analog oc lap, phan giai 12 bit,- ien the nuoi cho khoi (qua chan L+ & M): 24V.- Chc nang m rong loi vao ieu khien cho CPU S7-300.

Hnh 2.13 S o khoi SM 331 AI 2 x 12 bit / 331-7KB02-0AB0


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4

8

12

16

3

7

11

15

6

10

14

18

5

9

13

17

SM-3322 ANALOG OUTPUTS-12BIT

L+ M

POWER IN

24VDC

2.4.1.4Analog Ouput Module SM 332 (Hnh 2.14)- 2 loi ra analog oc lap, phan giai 12 bit,- ien the nuoi cho khoi (qua chan L+ & M): 24V.- Chc nang m rong loi ra ieu khien cho CPU S7-300.

Hnh 2.14 S o khoi SM 332 AO 4 x 12 bit / 332-5HD01-0AB0

2.4.1.5 Cac khoi phu tr cho th nghiemCac khoi phu tr cho th nghiem gom cac module cha cong tac, relay, en bao,

co cau truc nh tren hnh 1.9. Khoi Contact LSW-16

Cha 16 cong tac n, phuc vu cho viec tao cac trang thai loi vao cho PLC. Khoi Relay RL-16

Cha 16 relay 24V, s dung vi tac ong ieu khien t loi ra PLC. Khoi en LL-16

Cha 16 en 24V, s dung e ch th trang thai ieu khien. Khoi AM-1 Simulator

Cha 3 bien tr 10k, ien the cap 24V, cho phep tao cac ien the DC cho thnghiem. Khoi DCV-804 Meter

Cha ADC vi hien th 4

1/2

digits, cho phep o ien the DC tao ra t he PLC. Khoi nguon 24V / 5ACung cap nguon nuoi cho cac modules.


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2

4 8 12

16

4

3 7 11

15

6 10

14

18

3

5 9 13

17

5 10

COMP

11

COMM

SM-331

SM-332

2ANALOGINPUTS-12BIT

2ANALOG

OUTPUTS-12BIT

A-8O/250/500/1000mV/Pt100

B-2.

5/5/1...5

/10V

C-4WIRECURRENT

D-2WIRECURRENT

SM-321

16DIGITALINPUTS

DC24V

10DIGITALINPUTS

6DIGITALOUTPUTS

L+

L+

L+

L+

L+

M

M

M

M

M

AC230V

AC230V

AC230V

AC230V

MAX

MAX

MAX

MAX

3 7 12

16

4 8 13

17

5 9 14

18

SM-322

DIGITAL0UTPUTS

8RELAYS

POWERIN

POWERIN

POWERIN

POWER

IN

POWERIN

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

A

C

B D

I.2

I.3

I.4

I.5

I.6

I.7

I.8

I.9

I.12

I.13

I.14

I.15

I.16

I.17

I.18

I.19

I.3

AM-1SIMULATOR

MIN

MIN

MIN

MAX

MAX

MAX

POTENTIOMET1

POTENTIOMET2

POTENTIOMET3

DCV-80

4METER

DVM

INPUT

V

+

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

OPEN

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

CLOSE

SW1

SW2

SW3

SW4

SW5

SW6

SW7

SW8

SW9

SW10

SW11

SW12

SW13

SW14

SW15

SW16

LSW-16SWITCHES

LL-16INDICATORS

LAMP1

LAMP24V

LAMP2

LAMP3

LAMP4

LAMP5

LAMP6

LAMP7

LAMP8

LAMP9

LAMP10

LAMP11

LAMP12

LAMP13

LAMP14

LAMP15

LAMP16

RL-16

RELAYS

ROLE1

ROLE9

ROLE2

ROLE10

ROLE3

ROLE11

ROLE6

ROLE14

ROLE4

ROLE12

ROLE7

ROLE15

ROLE5

ROLE13

ROLE8

ROLE16

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

24VDC

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

2 2

3 3

3 3

3 3

3 3

3 3

3 3

3 3

3 3

4 4

4 4

4 4

4 4

4 4

4 4

4 4

4 4

5 5

5 5

5 5

5 5

5 5

5 5

5 5

5 5

POWER

ON

L+

M

24VDC

OUTPUT

FUSE

FUSE

24VDC/5A

220VAC/0.5

A

PS-1200

MAIN.

POWER

220VAC/10A.5

0Hz

PS-1200

AUX.

POWER

220VAC/10A.

50Hz

Hnh 2.15


19/69

ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


2.4.2 S7-200He thong bao gom cac thiet b :1. Bo ieu khien PLC-Station 1200 cha :- CPU-214 : AC Power Supply, 24VDC Input, 24VDC Output- Digital Input / Output EM 223 : 4x DC 24V Input, 4x Relay Output- Analog Input / Output EM 235 : 3 Analog Input, 1 Analog Output 12bit2. Khoi Contact LSW-163. Khoi Relay RL-164. Khoi en LL-165. Khoi AM-1 Simulator6. Khoi DCV-804 Meter7. Khoi nguon 24V PS-8008. May tnh.9. Cac day noi vi chot cam 2 au

Mo ta hoat ong cua he thong1. Cac loi vao va loi ra CPU cung nh cua cac khoi Analog va Digital c noi ra cac chot cam.2. Cac khoi PLC STATION 1200, DVD 804 va PS 800 s dung nguon 220VAC3.

Khoi RELAY 16 dung cac RELAY 24VDC4. Khoi den LL 16 dung cac en 24V

5. Khoi AM 1 dung cac bien tr 10KDung cac day noi co chot cam 2 au va tuy tng bai toan cu the e au noi cac loi vao / ra cua CPU

214, khoi Analog EM235, khoi Digital EM222 cung vi cac en, contact, Relay, bien tr, va khoi ch thDCV ta co the bo tr rat nhieu bai thc tap e lam quen vi cach hoat ong cua mot he thong PLC, cung nhcach lap trnh cho mot he PLC.


20/69

ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


Chng 3: KIEN THC C S

3.1 KY THUAT SO VA LOGIC SO C BAN3.1.1 Bien va ham so hai gia trBien hai tr, hay con goi bien Boole la loai ham so ma mien gia tr cua no ch co

hai phan t. Ta se ky hieu chung bang nhng ch nho in nghieng nhx, y, u, v, va phant cua chung la 0 va 1. V du

Cong tat la mot bien Boole vi 2 gia tr: ong (ky hieu la 1) va m (ky hieu la0).

en hieu cung la mot bien Boole vi hai trang thai: Sang (ky hieu la 1) va tat(ky hieu la 0).

Hai bien Boole c goi la oc lap nhauneu s thay oi gia tr cua bien so nay

khong anh hng en gia tr cua bien so kia. V du 2 cong tat trong hnh 3.1 la 2 bienBoole oc lap vi nhau.

Hnh 3.1Ngc lai, neu gia tr cua mot bien soy phu thuoc vao gia tr cua bien sox th

bieny c goi labien phu thuoc cua bienx . V du trong hnh 3.1 th en la 2 bien phu

thuoc vao bien cong tac. en se sang neu ca 2 bien cong tac co gia tr 1 va se tat neu mottrong hai bien co gia tr 0.Ham hai tr la mo hnh toan hoc mo ta s phu thuoc cua mot bien Boole vao cac

bien Boole khac. Chang han nh e bieu dien s phu thuoc cua en, ky hieu laz, vao 2bien cong tac, ky hieu lax vay, ta viet

z = f(x,y)

Cong tac 1x

Cong tac 2y

enz


21/69

ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


Mot cach tong quat ham hai tr mo ta s phu thuoc cua bien soy vao n bienx1, x2,, xnco dang

y = f(x1, x2, , xn).Viec mo ta s phu thuoc cua mot bien Boole nay vao cac bien Boole khac thanh

ham hai tr da vao ba phep tnh c ban. o la phep tnh va (ky hieu la ^), hoac (ky hieula v), phu nh (ky hieu la ) c nh ngha nh sau:

Bang 3.1Phep tnh va Phep tnh hoac Phep phu nh

x y x^y x y xvy x x0011

0101

0001

0011

0101

0111

01

10

V du, hamf(x,y) bieu dien bien enz phu thuoc vao hai bien cong tacx, y se la:z = f(x,y) = x^y = x.y3.1.2 Tnh chat

x^1 = 1^x = x, vix thuoc B 1 la phan t n v cua phep toan ^.xv0 = 0vx = x, vix thuoc B 0 la phan t n v cua phep toan v.xvy = yvx (Tnh giao hoan)xv(y^z) = (xvy)^z (Tnh ket hp)(x^y)v(xv y ) = x

,

. ,

. 0,

1 1,

0 ,

1,

. , ,

. , ,

( ). ( . ) ( . ), , ,

( . ) ( ).( ), , ,

x x x B

x x x xvx x B

x x x B

vx x B

vx x x B

xvx x B

x y xvy x y B

xvy x y x y B

xvy z x z v y z x y z B

x y vz xvz yvz x y z B

=

= = =

=

=

=

=

=

=

=

3.1.3 Xac nh cong thc ham hai tr t bang chan lyTa se xet bai toan ngc la tm cong thc bieu dien ham f(x) t bang gia tr

chan ly a biet cua ham o. Cong viec nay la can thiet v trong thc te nhieu baitoan tong hp bo ieu khien c bat au t bang chan ly.


22/69

ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


Trc het hay lam quen vi hai khai niem mi la bieu thc nguyen to tongvabieu thc nguyen to tchneu trong T(x):

Co mat tat ca cac bien so xk, k=1, 2,, n va moi bien ch xuat hien motlan,

Ch cau thanh bi hai phep tnh ^, hoac v, .V du:T1(x1, x2, x3) = 1 2 3. .x x x (tao bi 2 phep toan ^, ),T2(x1, x2, x3) = 31 2x x x (tao bi 2 phep toan), )

La cac bieu thc nguyen to.Bieu thc nguyen to vi 2 phep tnh ^, c goi la bieu thc nguyen to

tchcon bieu thc nguyen to vi 2 phep tnh v, goi labieu thc nguyen to tong.Trong v du tren T1 la bieu thc nguyen to tch con T2 goi labieu thc nguyen to

tong.

e tien cho viec trnh bay ta quy c:0

k kx x= va1

k kx x=vay mot bieu thc nguyen to tch TN(x) vi n bien 2 tr x1, x2,,xn co dang

1 2

1 21

( ) ... n kn

q qq q

N n kk

T x x x x x=

= =

va mot bieu thc nguyen to tong TC(x) vi n bien 2 tr x1, x2,,xn co dang

1 2

1 2

1

( ) ... n kn

q qq q

C n k

k

T x x x x x=

= =

Trong oqk=0 neu bien xk xuat hien di dang phu nhqk=1 neu bien xk xuat hien di dang khong phu nh

T nh ngha ta thay cac bieu thc nguyen to co cac ac iem: Bieu thc nguyen to tch TN(x) co gia tr 1 khi va ch khi tat ca cac

tha so cung co gia tr 1. Nh vay neu xkxuat hien trong bieu thcdang phu nh (qk=0) th xk phai co gia tr 0 va ngc lai neu qk =1 thxk phai co gia tr 1.

Bieu thc nguyen to tong TC(x) co gia tr 0 khi va ch khi tat ca cacthng so cung co gia tr 0. Nh vay neuxkxuat hien trong bieu thcdang phu nh (qk=0) th xk phai co gia tr 1 va ngc lai neu qk =1 thxk phai co gia tr 0.

Bay gi ta xac nh bieu thc ham hai tr t bang chan ly cua no.Xac nh nh bieu thc nguyen to tch


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ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


Bieu thc ham hai tr f(x) se tng ng vi ket qua phep HOAC cua tatca cac bieu thc nguyen to tch cua cac hang co gia tr 1 trong bang chan ly. Ta seminh hoa nguyen tat bang mot v du.

Bang 3.2

x1 x2 x3 x4 f(x) TNi

(x)0 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4x x x x 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 3 4x x x x 0 0 1 0 1 1 2 43x x x x0 0 1 1 0 3 41 2x x x x 0 1 0 0 0 21 3 4x x x x 0 1 0 1 1 1 32 4x x x x0 1 1 0 0 2 31 4x x x x

0 1 1 1 0 2 3 41x x x x

1 0 0 0 0 1 2 3 4x x x x 1 0 0 1 1 2 31 4x x x x1 0 1 1 0 1 3 42x x x x 1 1 0 0 0 1 2 3 4x x x x

1 1 0 1 1 31 2 4x x x x1 1 1 0 0 1 2 3 4x x x x 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4x x x x

Suy ra: f(x) = ( 1 2 43x x x x ) ( 1 32 4x x x x ) ( 2 31 4x x x x ) ( 31 2 4x x x x )Xac nh nh bieu thc nguyen to tongBieu thc ham hai tr f(x) se tng ng vi ket qua phep AND cua tat

ca cac bieu thc nguyen to tong cua cac hang co gia tr 0 trong bang chan ly. Ta seminh hoa nguyen tat bang v du tren.

Suy ra: f(x) =( 1 2 3 4x x x x )( 1 2 3 4x x x x )( 3 41 2x x x x )( 21 3 4x x x x )( 2 31 4x x x x )( 2 3 41x x x x )( 1 2 3 4x x x x )( 1 3 42x x x x )( 1 2 3 4x x x x )( 1 2 3 4x x x x )

1.1.4 Bieu dien so nguyen dng Bieu dien trong he c so 10Mot so nguyen dng uk bat ky, trong he c so 10 bao gi cung c bieu

dien ay u bang day cac con so nguyen t 0 en 9. V du uk = 259 c bieu dienbang 3 con so: 2, 5 va 9 va cach bieu dien o c hieu la

Uk = 2.102 + 5.101 + 9.100

Mot cach tong quat khi bieu dien trong he c so 10 uk co dang


24/69

ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


Uk = an .10n + an-1 .10n-1 ++ a1 .101 + a0 .100 (3.1) vi 0


25/69


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ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


13:2 =6 d 16:2 =3 d 03:2 =1 d 1

1 uk = 11011001

Thap phan HexaVD: Chuyen so Hexa 2AC4 thanh so thap phanUk = 2.163 + 10.162 + 12.161 + 4.160

8192 + 2560 + 192 + 4 = 10948VD: Chuyen so thap phan 10948 thanh so Hexa10948:16 = 684 d 4684:16 = 42 d 12 = C42 :16 = 2 d 10 = A

2

uk = 2AC4 Hexa Nh phan

VD: Chuyen so Nh phan 1100 1011 0011 1001 thanh so Hexa1100 = 1.23+1.22+0.21+0.20= 12 = C1011 = 1.23+0.22+1.21+1.20= 11 = B0011 = 0.23+0.22+1.21+1.20= 31001 = 1.23+0.22+0.21+1.20= 9

=> uk = CB39VD: Chuyen so Hexa CB39 thanh so Nh phanChu y cach nh gia tr thap phan cua 4 bit: 8 4 2 1

C=12 = 8+4 = 1100B=11 = 8+3 = 10113 = 2+1 = 00119 = 8+1 = 1001=> uk = 1100 1011 0011 1001

BCD Nh phanCach chuyen hoan toan tng t vi BCD HexaVD: Chuyen so Nh phan 0010 0111 0101 thanh so BCD0010 = 2

0111 = 0 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 70101 = 0 + 4 + 0 + 1 = 5 uk = 275

VD: Chuyen so BCD 275 thanh so Nh phan2 = 00107 = 4+2+1 = 01115 = 4+1 = 0101


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ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


=> uk = 0010 0111 0101

3.2 CAC VUNG D LIEU, VUNG NH, CAC QUY NH VE D LIEU VA CACHTRUY CAP A CH TREN PLC3.2.1 S7-300

Kieu d lieu va phan chia bo nh Kieu d lieu

Bang 3.3Dang Kch

thcDangFormat

Tam va ky hieu(t gia tr nho nhat en gia trln nhat)

V du

BOOL(bit)

1 Booleantext

TRUE\FALSE TRUE

BYTE

(Byte)

8 Thap luc

phan

B#16#0 en B#16#FF B#16#10

byte#16#10

WORD(Word)

16 Nh phan

Thap lucphan

BCD

Thapphankhongdau

2#0 en2#1111_1111_1111_1111

W#16#0 en W#16#FFFF

C#0 en C#999

B#(0,0) en B#(255,255)

2#0001_0010_0000_0011

W#16#1CBFWord#16#1CBF

C#998

B#(10,20)Byte#(10,20)

DWORD(DoubleWord)

32 Nh phan

Thap lucphan

Thapphankhongdau

2#0 en2#1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111_1111

DW#16#0000_0000 enDW#16#FFFF_FFFF

B#(0,0,0,0) enB#(255,255,255,255)

2#0010_0111_1001_0000_0011_0100_1111_1000

DW#16#00A2_0FABdword#16#00A2-0FAB

B#(1,14,65,245)byte#(1,14,65,245)

INT(Ihtege

16 Thapphan co

-32768 en 32767 2


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ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


r) dau

DINT(Double

Integer)

32 Thapphan codau

L#-2147483648 enL#2147483647

L#1

S5TIMER(SimaticTimer)

16 S5 timevi n vla 10ms

S5T#0H_0M_0S_10MS enS5T#2H_46M_30S_0MS

S5T#1MS5TIME#1M

TIME(IECTime)

32 IEC timevi n vla 1ms(sointegerco dau)

T#-24D_20H_31M_23S_648MSenT#24D_20H_31M_23S_647MS

T#1H_1MTIME#1H_1M

DATE(IECdate)

16 Ngay heIEC vin v1ngay

D#1990-1-1 enD#2168-12-31

D#1994-3-15DATE#1994-3-15

TIME_OF_DAY

(timeof day)

32 Thi giantrong motngay vi

n v1ms

TOD#0:0:0.0 enTOD#23:59:59.999

TOD#1:10:3.3TIME_OF_DAY#1:10:3.3

CHAR(character)

8 Ky t A, B, c, e

Cau truc bo nh cua CPUBo nh cua S7-300 c chia thanh 3 vung chnh Vung cha chng trnh ng dung. Vung nh chng trnh c chia thanh 3 mien

OB (Organisation Block): Mien cha chng trnh to chc.FC (Function): Mien cha chng trnh con c to chc thanh ham co bien hnhthc e trao oi d lieu vi chng trnh a goi no.

FB (Function Block): Mien cha chng trnh con, c to chc thanh ham va cokha nang trao oi d lieu vi bat c mot khoi chng trnh nao khac. Cac d lieu nay phaic xay dng thanh mot khoi d lieu rieng (goi la DB-Data Block).


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ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


Vung cha tham so cua he ieu hanh va chng trnh ng dung, c phan chiathanh 7 mien khac nhau gomI (Process image Input): Mien bo iem cac d lieu cong vao so. Trc khi bat au

thc hien chng trnh, PLC se oc gia tr logic cua tat ca cac cong au vao va cat gichung trong vung nh I. Thong thng chng trnh ng dung khong oc trc tiep trangthai logic cua cong vao so ma ch lay d lieu cua cong vao t bo em I.

Q (Process image output): Mien bo iem cac d lieu cong ra so. Ket thuc giaioan thc hien chng trnh, PLC se chuyen gia tr logic cua bo em Q ti cac cong ra so.Thong thng chng trnh ng dung khong trc tiep gan gia tr ti cong ra ma ch chuyenvao bo em Q.

M: Mien cac bien c. Chng trnh ng dung s dung vung nh nay e lu gi cactham so can thiet va co the truy cap no theo bit (M), Byte (MB), t (MW), hay t kep(MD).

T: Mien nh phuc vu bo thi gian (Timer) bao gom viec lu tr gia tr thi gian

at trc (PV- preset value), gia tr em thi gian tc thi (CV-Current value) cung nhgia tr logic au ra cua bo timer.C: Mien nh phuc vu em (counter) bao gom viec lu tr gia tr at trc (PV-

preset value), gia tr em tc thi (CV-Current value) cung nh gia tr logic au ra cua bocounter.

PI: Mien a ch cong vao cua cac module tng t (I/O external input). Cac gia trtng t tai cong vao cua module tng t se c module oc va chuyen t ong theonhng a ch. Chng trnh ng dung co the truy cap mien nh PI theo tng byte (PIB),tng t (PIW) hoac theo t kep (PID).

PQ: Mien a ch cong ra cua cac module tng t (I/O external 0utput). Cac gia

tr theo nhng a ch nay se c module oc va chuyen ti cac cong ra tng t. Chngtrnh ng dung co the truy cap mien nh PQ theo tng byte (PQB), tng t (PQW) hoactheo t kep (PQD).

Vung cha cac khoi d lieu, c chia lam 2 loaiDB (Data block): Mien cha cac d lieu c to chc thanh khoi. Kch thc cung

nh so lng khoi do ngi s dung quy nh, phu hp vi tng bai toan ieu khien.Chng trnh co the truy cap mien nay theo tng bit (DBX), byte (DBB), t (DBW) hoact kep (DBD).

L (Local data block): Mien d lieu a phng, c cac khoi chng trnh OB,FC, FB to chc va s dung cho cac bien nhap tc thi va trao oi d lieu cua bien hnh

thc vi nhng khoi chng trnh a goi no. Noi dung cua mot so d lieu trong mien nhnay se b xoa khi ket thuc chng trnh tng ng OB, FC, FB. Mien nay co the truy nhapt chng trnh theo bit (L), byte (LB), t (LW) hoac t kep (LD).

Nhng khoi OB at biet OB10: Time of day Interrupt OB20: Time delay Interrupt Hardware Interrupt


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ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


OB 81: Powersuply fault OB 100: Start Up information

Cach truy cap a cha ch o nh trong Step7-300 gom hai phan: phan ch va phan so. V du

PIW304 hoac M300.4

Phan ch ch v tr va kch thc cua o nh. Chung co the la: M: Ch o nh trong mien cac bien c co kch thc 1 bit MB: Ch o nh trong mien cac bien c co kch thc 1 byte (8bit) MW: Ch o nh trong mien cac bien c co kch thc 2 byte (16bit) MD: Ch o nh trong mien cac bien c co kch thc 4 byte (32 bit) I: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong vao so co kch thc 1 bit IB: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong vao so co kch thc 1 byte IW: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong vao so co kch thc 1 t ID: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong vao so co kch thc 1 t kep Q: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong ra so co kch thc 1 bit QB: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong ra so co kch thc 1 byte QW: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong ra so co kch thc 1 t QD: Ch o nh trong mien bo em cong ra so co kch thc 1 t kep PIB: Ch o nh co kch thc 1 byte thuoc vung peripheral input.

Thng la a ch cong vao cua cac module tng t. PIW: Ch o nh co kch thc 2 byte thuoc vung peripheral input.

Thng la a ch cong vao cua cac module tng t. PID: Ch o nh co kch thc 2 t thuoc vung peripheral input.

Thng la a ch cong vao cua cac module tng t. PQB: Ch o nh co kch thc 1 byte thuoc vung peripheral output.

Thng la a ch cong ra cua cac module tng t. PQW: Ch o nh co kch thc 2 byte thuoc vung peripheral output .

Thng la a ch cong ra cua cac module tng t. PQD: Ch o nh co kch thc 2 t thuoc vung peripheral output.

Thng la a ch cong ra cua cac module tng t.Phan so: Ch a ch cua byte hoac bit trong mien nh a xac nh. Neu o nh a

c xac nh thong qua phan ch la co kch thc 1 bit th phan so se gom a ch cuabyte va so th t cua bit trong byte o c tach vi nhau bang dau cham. V du

I 1.3 Ch bit th 3 trong byte 1 cua mien nh bo em cong vao so.M 101.5 Ch bit th 5 trong byte 101 cua mien cac bien c M.Q 4.5 Ch bit th 5 trong byte 4 cua mien nh bo em cong ra so.Trong trng hp o nh a c xac nh la byte, t hoac t kep th phan so se la

a ch byte au tien trong mang byte cua o nh o. V du

Phan ch Phan so Phan ch Phan so


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ThS. Le Van Ban -----------S7200-S7300----------


MB15 Ch o nh co kch thc 1 byte (byte 15) trong mien cac bien c MMW 18 Ch o nh co kch thc 1 t gom 2 byte 18 va 19 trong mien cac bien c

M.MD105 Ch o nh co kch thc 1 t kep gom 4 byte 105, 106, 107 va 108 trong

mien cac bien c M.3.2.2 S7-200

CAU TRUC BO NH CUA PLC S7 200Bo nh cua S7 200 co tnh nang ong cao, co the oc va ghi c trong toan vung, ngoai tr phan

cac bit nh ac biet c ky hieu SM (Special Memory) ch co the truy cap e oc.Bo nh co mot tu nh e gi the nuoi, duy tr d lieu trong mot khoang thi gian khi mat ien.

Bo nh cua S7 200 c chia thanh 4 vung :2.2.2.1Vung nh chng trnh : La vung lu gi cac lenh chng trnh. Vung nay thuoc kieu khong b mat

d lieu (non volatile), oc / ghi c.2.2.2.2Vung nh tham so:La vung lu gi cac thong so nh : t khoa, a ch tram. Cung nh vung chng

trnh vung tham so thuoc kieu oc ghi / c .2.2.2.3Vung nh d lieu:

c s dung e tr cac d lieu cua chng trnh. oi vi CPU 214, 1KByte au tien cua vung nh naythuoc kieu oc / ghi c. Vung d lieu la mot mien nh ong. No co the c truy cap theo tng bit, tngbyte, tng t n (word), hoac theo tng t kep (Double word) va c dung e lu tr d lieu cho cac thuattoan, cac ham truyen thong, lap bang, cac ham dch chuyen, xoay vong thanh ghi, con tro a ch

Vung d lieu c chia thanh nhng vung nh nho vi cac cong dung khac nhau. Chung c ky hieubang ch cai au tieng Anh, ac trng cho cong dung rieng cua chung :

V Variable memoryI Input image resister

O Ouput image resisterM Internal memory bitsSM Special memory bits

Tat ca cac mien nay eu co the truy cap theo tng bit, tng byte, tng t n, hoac tng t kep.

Vung d lieu cua CPU 214 Mien V ( oc / ghi ) :

7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0V0V4095

Vung em cong vao I ( oc / ghi ):7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

I0.x ( x = 0 7 )I7.x ( x = 0 7 )

Vung em cong ra Q ( oc / ghi ):7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

Q0.x ( x = 0 7 )Q7.x ( x = 0 7 )

Vung nh noi M ( oc / ghi ):7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0


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M0.x ( x = 0 7 )M31.x ( x = 0 7 )

Vung nh ac biet SM ( ch oc ):7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

SM0.x ( x = 0 7 )SM29.x ( x = 0 7 )

Vung nh ac biet ( oc / ghi ) :7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0

SM30.x ( x = 0 7 )SM85.x ( x = 0 7 )

a ch truy nhap c vi cong thc :

- Truy nhap theo bit : Ten mien (+) a ch byte (+). (+) ch so bit.V du : V150.4 ch bit 4 cua byte 150.- Truy nhap theo byte : Ten mien (+) B (+) a ch cua byte trong mien.V du : VB150 ch byte 150 cua mien V.- Truy nhap theo t : Ten mien (+) W (+) a ch byte cao cua t trong mien.V du : VW150 ch t n gom 2 byte 150 va 151 thuoc mien V trong o byte 150 la byte cao trong

t.15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 5 4 3 2 1 0

VB150 (byte cao) VB151 (byte thap)

- Truy nhap theo t kep : Ten mien(+) D (+) a ch cua byte cao cua t trong mien.

V du : VD150 la t kep 4 byte 150, 151, 152, 153 thuoc mien V trong o byte 150 la byte cao va153 la byte thap trong t kep.

63 32 31 16 15 8 7 0VB150 (byte cao) VB151 VB152 VB153 (byte thap)

Tat ca cac byte thuoc vung d lieu eu co the truy nhap c bang con tro. Con tro c nh nghatrong mien V hoac cac thanh ghi AC1, AC2, AC3. Moi con tro ch a ch gom 4 byte (t kep).

Quy c dung con tro e truy nhap nh sau : &a ch byte (cao ) : La toan hang lay a ch cua byte, t hoac t kep.V du :AC1 = &VB150 : Thanh ghi AC1 cha a ch byte 150 thuoc mien V

VD100 = &VW150 : T kep VD100 cha a ch byte cao (VB150) cua t n VW150 AC2 = &VD150: Thanh ghi AC2 cha a ch byte cao (VB150 ) cua t kep VD150. contro : la toan hang lay noi dung cua byte, t, t kep ma con tro ang ch vao.V du : nh vi phep gan a ch tren, th :*AC1 : Lay noi dung cua byte VB150.*VD100 : Lay noi dung cua t n VW100.*AC2 : Lay noi dung cua t kep VD150


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2.2.2.4 Vung nh oi tngVung oi tng c s dung e gi d lieu cho cac oi tng lap trnh nh cac gia tr tc thi, gia tr

at trc cua bo em hay Timer. D lieu kieu oi tng bao gom cac thanh ghi cua Timer, bo em, cac boem toc o cao, bo em vao/ra Analog va cac thanh ghi Accumulator ( AC ).

Kieu d lieu oi tng b han che rat nhieu v cac d lieu oi tng ch c ghi theo muc ch can sdung oi tng o.

Vung nh oi tng c phan chia nh sau : Timer ( oc / ghi ) :

15 0 BitT0 T0

T127 T127

Bo em ( oc / ghi ) :15 0 Bit

C0 C0

C127 C127

Bo em cong vao tng t ( ch oc ) :15 0

AW0

AW30

Bo em cong ra tng t ( ch ghi ) :15 0

AQW0AQW30

Thanh ghi Accumulator ( oc / ghi ) :31 23 8 0

AC0 ( Khong co kha nang lam con tro )AC1AC2AC3

Bo em toc o cao ( oc / ghi ) :31 23 8 0HSC0

HSC1HSC


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Chng 4: Tap lenh

4.1 CAC LENH VAO / RA

LAD Mo ta TOAN HANGn

| |Tiep iem thngm c ong neun=1

n: I, Q, M, L, D,T, C

n| / |

Tiep iem thngong se m khin=1

n: I, Q, M, L, D,T, C

OUTPUT: Sao chep noi dung cua bit au tien trong ngan xep vao bit c ch nhtrong lenh. Noi dung cua ngan xep khong thay oi.

LAD Mo ta TOAN HANGn

|( )Cuon day au rac kch thch khic cap dongieu khien

n: I, Q, M, L, D,T, C

4.2 CAC LENH GHI / XOA GIA TR CHO TIEP IEM SET ( S )

RESET ( R )


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V du mo ta cac lenh vao ra va S, R :

Gian o tn hieu thu c cac loi ra theo chng trnh tren nh sau :

Hnh 4.14.3 CAC LENH LOGIC AI SO BOOLEANCac lenh lam viec vi tiep iem theo ai so Boolean cho phep tao s o ieu

khien logic khong co nh.Trong LAD lenh nay c bieu dien thong qua cau truc mach mac noi tiep hoac

song song cac tiep iem thng ong hay thng m.Trong STL co the s dung cac lenh A (And) va O (Or) cho cac ham h hoac cac

lenh AN (And Not) va ON (Or Not) cho cac ham kn. Gia tr cua ngan xep thay oi phuthuoc vao tng lenh.

Cac ham logic boolean lam viec trc tiep vi tiep iem bao gom :

O (Or) , A (And), AN (And Not), ON (Or Not)V du ve viec thc hien lenh A ( And ), O ( Or ) va OLD theo LAD:

I0.0

Q0.0

Q0.1

Q0.2

S

Q0.1

Q0.2

2

1

R

Q0.0


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I0.1 I0.2 Q1.0I1.1

Q1.1

Q1.0

Q1.0I0.0

I0.1 I0.2

Hnh 4.2

Bai tap ng dung:Bai 1:Mot he thong phan loai xe ch hang n gian trong nha may nh sau:

I0.0: Cong tat hanh trnhQ0.0: M cong 1, Q0.1: ong cong 1, Q0.2: M cong 2, Q0.3: ong cong 2, Q0.4:

M cong 3, Q0.5: ong cong 3Cac xe se cung i tren mot ray chnh sau o tuy loai xe se cho phep re vao cac

ng khac nhau.Sau moi xe co mot thanh doc co khoet lo (tng ng vi so). Khi tia laser (mc

thap) chieu qua lo th ngo tng ng se len 1. Theo hnh ve ta se co cac ngo: I0.1, I0.3,I0.4, I0.6, I1.1 se len 1 (c kch) tc xe co so 13469.

Khi xe chay en cham vao cong tat hanh trnh (I0.0) th PLC se bat au oc ma.

Tuy loai ma nhan c se m cong tng ng trong 5s roi ong cong lai.Ma 12579: cong 1, ma 23679: cong 2, ma13689: cong 3.Viet chng trnh ieu khien he thong. (Dung PLC S7-300)


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Bai 2:Mot he thong oc ma the n gian co cau tao nh sau:

Tren the co khac lo (tng ng vi so). Khi anh sang hong ngoai chieu qua lo thngo tng ng se len 1. Theo hnh ve ta se co cac ngo: I0.1, I0.3, I0.4, I0.6, I1.1 se len 1(c kch) tc the co so 13469.

Khi chen the vao, nhan nut OK, neu ung ma th m ca (Q1.0) 5s roi ong lai,neu sai se bat en bao loi (Q1.1).

Viet chng trnh e he thong ch nhan dang 3 loai the sau: 12579, 23679, 13689.(Dung PLC S7-300)

Bai 3:Mot he thong phan loai san pham co cau tao nh sau:

He thong se phan ra 3 loai chay theo 3 chieu cao khac nhau do 3 cam bien quangxac nh.


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S5T#5s

S

TV

I0.0

I0.1 R

BI

BCD

Q

MW2

QW6

Q4.7

T1

Loai 1 (Cao nhat, ca 3 cam bien ieu len mc 1): Se i theo ng 1.Loai 2 (Cao th 2, cam bien 1 va 2 se len mc 1, cam bien 3 mc 0): Se i theo

ng 2.

Loai 3 (Thap nhat, ch co cam bien 1 len mc 1, cam bien 2 va 3 mc 0): Se i

theo ng 3.Viec chon ng i do v tr cua ca gat quyet nh.Ngo vao Start: I0.0, Stop: I0.1, CB 1: I0.2 , CB 2: I0.3, CB 3: I0.4.Ngo ra Ca m sang 1: Q0.0, Ca m sang 3: Q0.1.Chu y: Cam bien quang khi b chan ngang th se len mc 1. Khoa lan khi ieu khien

ca gat. Ca v tr 2 khi Q0.0 va Q0.1 mc 0 .

4.4 TIMERTimer la bo tao thi gian tre gia tn hieu vao va tn hieu ra nen trong ieu khien

thng c goi la khau tre. Cac cong viec ieu khien can nhieu chc nang Timer khacnhau. Mot Word (16bit) trong vung d lieu c gan cho mot trong cac Timer.

Mot Timer co cac ngo vao va ngo ra tng ng nh sau:Ngo vao Start (bat au): Timer c bat au vi s thay oi tn hieu t mc 0 len

mc 1 ngo vao Start cua no. Thi gian (th du L S5T#1S) va hoat ong cua Timer (thdu SP T1) phai c lap trnh ngay sau hoat ong quet ieu kien bat au (th du A I0.0).

Ngo vao Reset (xoa): tn hieu mc 1 ngo vao Reset lam dng Timer. Luc naythi gian hien hanh c at ve 0 va ngo ra Q cua timer c xoa ve 0.

Cac ngo ra so: gia tr thi gian thc s co the oc c t hai ngo ra so BI (so nhphan) va BCD (so thap phan). V du xuat ra hien th dang so ngo ra.

Ngo ra nh phan: trang thai tn hieu ngo ra nh phan Q cua Timer phu thuoc vao

chc nang Timer c lap trnh. Th du khi bat au, ngo ra Q mc 1 khi co tn hieuStart va Timer ang chay.Th du:Chng trnh va gian o nh th cua bo nh th xung ( pulse Timer ):

A I0.0L S5T#5sSP T1A I0.1R T1

L T1T MW2T QW6A T1= Q4.7


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Gian o nh th:

Hnh 4.3S7-300 co t 128 Timer c chia lam nhieu loai khac nhau: nh thi xung (Pulse

Timer), nh thi xung m rong (extended-pulse Timer), nh thi ON tre (ON delayTimer), nh thi gian ON tre co chot (latching ON delay Timer) va nh thi OFF tre(OFF delay Timer).4.4.1 Pulse Timer (SP):

Ngo ra cua pulse Timer la 1 sau khi Timer c bat au (1). Ngo ra b Resetneu qua thi gian lap trnh (2), neu tn hieu Start b reset ve 0 (3) hay neu co mot tnhieu 1 a vao ngo Reset cua Timer (4). Phai duy tr ngo S

Hnh 4.4

T

Ngo vao Start I0.0

Ngo vao Reset I0.1

Ngo ra Q

Time BI

Q4.0T

I0.0

I0.1(2)(1) (4)(3)


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4.4.2Extended pulse Timer (SE):Ngo ra cua Extended Pulse Timer la 1 sau khi Timer c bat au (1). Ngo ra b

reset neu qua thi gian c lap trnh (2), hoac ngo vao Reset b tac ong. Viec reset ngovao Start trong qua trnh Timer ang chay (4) khong lam cho ngo ra b reset. Neu s thayoi tn hieu 1 c lap lai trong qua trnh Timer ang chay th Timer c bat au lai,ngha la c kch tr lai (5). Khong canduy tr ngo S

Hnh 4.54.4.3 On delay Timer (SD):

Ngo ra On Delay Timer la 1 neu qua thi gian c lap trnh, va ngo vao Start vancon mc 1 (1). Ket qua la viec at ngo vao Start len 1 lam cho ngo ra Q se c atlen 1 vi thi gian tr hoan tng ng a c lap trnh. Ngo ra b reset neu ngo vaoStart b reset(2) hoac neu co tn hieu mc 1 ngo vao Reset cua Timer(3). Viec resetngo vao Start hoac a 1 vao ngo vao Reset cua Timer trong khi Timer ang chay (4)khong lam cho ngo ra at len mc 1. Phai duy tr ngo S

(2)

I0.0

I0.1

Q4.0(1) (5)(3) (4)

T T T


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Hnh 4.64.4.4 Latching ON delay Timer (SS): (On delay khong can duy tr)

Ngo ra cua SS la 1 neu vt qua thi gian c lap trnh (1). Ngo ra Q cua Timervan gi mc 1 (c chot) ngay ca ngo vao b reset trong khi Timer ang chay (2). Ngora ch b reset khi ngo vao Reset cua Timer b tac ong (3). Viec set va reset tiep theo cuango vao Start trong khi Timer ang chay ch c thc hien khi no bat au c kch lai

(4).

Hnh 4.74.4.5 OFF delay Timer (SF):

Ngo ra Q cua SF c at len mc 1 neu co s thay oi tn hieu t 0 len 1 ngo vao Start. Neu ngo vao Start b reset, ngo ra van gi cho en khi qua thi gian laptrnh (2).

T T

I0.0

I0.1

Q4.0

(1) (2) (3) (4) (4)

T T T

I0.0

I0.1

Q4.0(1) (2)(3) (3) (4) (3)


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Hnh 4.8Bai tap ng dung:

en 1: Q0.1 en 2: Q0.2 en 3: Q0.3

Start: I0.0, Stop: I0.1Viet chng trnh ieu khien 3 en theo trnh t:Start en 1 sang 1s en 2 sang 1s en 3 sang 1s en 1 va 3 sang 2s

en 2 sang 2s Lap lai.Stop Dng chng trnh.

4.5 COUNTERTrong cong nghiep, bo em rat can cho cac qua trnh em khac nhau nh:

em so chai, em xe hi, em so chi tiet, Mot word 16bit (counter word) c lu tr trong vung bo nh d lieu he

thong cua PLC dung cho moi counter. So em c cha trong vung nh d lieu hethong di dang nh phan va co gia tr trong khoang 0 en 999.Cac phat bieu dung e lap trnh cho bo em co cac chc nang nh sau:em len (CU = Counting Up): Tang counter len 1. Chc nang nay ch c

thc hien neu co mot tn hieu dng ( t 0 chuyen xang 1 ) xay ra ngo vaoCU. Mot khi so em at en gii han tren la 999 th no khong c tang na.

em xuong (CD = Counting Down): Giam counter i 1. Chc nang nay chc thc hien neu co s thay oi tn hieu dng ( t 0 xang 1 ) ngo vao CD.Mot khi so em at en gii han di 0 th th no khong con giam c na.

at counter ( S = Setting the counter): Counter c at vi gia tr clap trnh ngo vao PV khi co canh len ( co s thay oi t mc 0 len mc 1 ) ngo vao S nay. Ch co s thay oi mi t 0 xang 1 ngo vao S nay mi at giatr cho counter mot lan na.

at so em cho Counter ( PV = Presetting Value ): So em PV la motword 16 bit dang BCD. Cac toan hang sau co the c s dung PV la:

Word IW, QW, MW,

I0.0

I0.1

Q4.0T T


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Hang so: C#0,,999Xoa Counter ( R = Resetting the counter ): Counter c at ve 0 (b reset)

neu ngo vao R co s thay oi tn hieu t mc 0 len mc 1 . Neu tn hieu ngo vao R la 0 th khong co g anh hng en bo em.

Quet so cua so em: (CV, CV_BCD ): so em hien hanh co the c napvao thanh ghi tch luy ACCU nh mot so nh phan (CV = Counter Value) hay sothap phan ( CV_BCD ). T o co the chuyen cac so em en cac vung toan hangkhac.

Quet nh phan trang thai tn hieu cua Counter (Q): ngo ra Q cua counter cothe c quet e lay tn hieu cua no. Neu Q = 0 th counter zero, neu Q = 1th so em counter ln hn zero.Bieu o chc nang:

Hnh 4.9Q

2

0

1

4

Count 3

5

CU

S

R

CD


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4.5.1 Up counter

Hnh 4.10 I0.2: at gia tr bat au va cho phep Counter em.

I0.0: Counter em len

I0.3: Reset Counter Q4.0 = 1 khi gia tr cua Counter khac 0. MW10: cha gia tr bat au em cho Timer.4.5.2 Down counter


I0.0: Counter em xuongI0.3: Reset Counter

Q4.0 = 1 khi gia tr cua Counter khac 0.

MW10: cha gia tr bat au em cho Timer.


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4.5.3 Up-Down Counter


I0.0: Counter em len

I0.1: Counter em xuongI0.3: Reset Counter Q4.0 = 1 khi gia tr cua Counter khac 0. MW10: cha gia tr bat au em cho Timer.Bai tap ng dung:

Mot bay gia suc 300 con, c phan ra 3 chuong khac nhau, moi chuong 100 con.

Gia suc se i theo mot ng chung sao o se phan ra moi chuong 100 con.Nhan StartM cong 1 cho gia suc vao (100 con) ong cong 1, m cong 2

(100 con) ong cong 2, m cong 3 (100 con) ong cong 3.Hay giup nong trai: Thiet ke phan cng cho he thong ieu khien Viet chng trnh ieu khien (dung PLC S7-300)


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4.6 LENH TOAN HOC C BAN

LAD STL

MUL_R

MD6

MD12

EN

IN1

IN2

ENO

OUT MD66

L MD6L MD12*RT MD66

LAD STL

SUB_I

MW5

MW11

EN

IN1

IN2

ENO

OUT MW7

L MW5L MW11-IT MW7

LAD STL

ADD_I

MW4

MW10

EN

IN1

IN2

ENO

OUT MW6

L MW4L MW10+IT MW6


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S7 300 co nhieu lenh cho phep tnh toan so hoc. Tat ca nhng cau lenh co cungmot nh dang.EN Lenh c thc hien neu co s thay oi tn hieu t mc 0 len mc

1 ngo vao ENENO Neu ket qua nam ngoai pham vi cho phep cua loai d lieu tng ng

th c tran (bit tran) OV va c tran co nh (bit tran co nh) OS se cset len 1 va ENO = 0. Qua o cac phep tnh tiep theo qua ENO sekhong c thc hien.

IN1, IN2 Gia tr tai IN1 c oc vao nh toan t th nhat va gia tr tai IN2c oc vao nh toan t th 2. (Chu y s tng thch cua kieu d lieu

va kch thc o nh))OUT Ket qua cua phep tnh toan hoc c lu tai ngo ra out. (Chu y stng thch cua kieu d lieu va kch thc o nh)

Cac cau lenh:Cong ADD_I Cong so nguyen

ADD_DI Cong so nguyen kepADD_R Cong so nguyen thc

Tr SUB_I Tr so nguyenSUB_DI Tr so nguyen kepSUB_R Tr so thc

Nhan MUL_I Nhan so nguyenMUL_DI Nhan so nguyen kepMUL_R Nhan so thc

Chia DIV_I Chia so nguyenDIV_DI Chia so nguyen kepDIV_RChia so thc

LAD STL

DIV_R

MD40

MD4

EN

IN1

IN2

ENO

OUT MD32

L MD40L MD4

/RT MD32


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4.7 LENH X LY D LIEU4.7.1 Lenh So Sanh

Co the dung lenh so sanh e so sanh cac cap gia tr so sau:I: So sanh nhng so nguyen ( da tren c s so16bit)D: So sanh nhng so nguyen ( da tren c s so32bit)R: So sanh nhng so thc ( da tren c s so thc 32bit).

Neu ket qua so sanh la TRUE th ngo ra cua phep toan la 1 ngc lai ngo ra

cua phep toan la 0.S so sanh ngo ra va ngo vao tng ng vi cac loai sau:= = (I, D, R) IN1 bang IN2< > (I, D, R) IN1 khong bang IN2> (I, D, R) IN1 ln hn IN2< (I, D, R) IN1 nho hn IN2>= (I, D, R) IN1 ln hn hoac bang IN2


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4.7.2 Lenh nap va truyen d lieu

Khi co tn hieu EN th lenh se chuyen gia tr ngo vao IN vao o nh ngo raOUT. Ngo vao IN co the la so hoac o nh, ngo ra OUT ch co the la o nh. Kieu d lieugia ngo IN va ngo OUT phai tng thch nhau. V du

Neu ngo vao la MW th ngo ra cung phai la MW hoac MDNeu ngo vao la so nguyen th ngo ra phai la MW hoac MD.

4.7.3 Cac lenh chuyen oi d lieu

Hnh 4.13S7 300 co nhieu lenh cho phep chuyen oi cac kieu d lieu. Tat ca nhng cau

lenh co cung mot nh dang.EN Lenh c thc hien neu co s thay oi tn hieu t mc 0 len mc

1 ngo vao EN

ENO Len 1 neu phep chuyen oi c thc hien.IN D lieu can chuyen oi . Co the la hang hoac o nh (phai tng thchkieu d lieu va kch thc o nh) (I, Q, M, Const, D, L)

OUT Ket qua cua phep chuyen oi c lu tai ngo ra out. Ch co the la onh (phai tng thch kieu d lieu va kch thc o nh). (I, Q, M, D,L)

LAD STL

MOVE

5

EN

IN

ENO

OUT MB5

L +5T MB5

LAD

BCD_I

MW5

EN

IN

ENO

OUT MW10

Cau lenh


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Cac cau lenhBCD_I: Chuyen oi so nh phan thap phan 16 bit thanh so nguyen 16 bit va ket qua

ghi vao OUT .

I_BCD: Chuyen oi so nguyen 16 bit IN thanh so nh phan thap phan 16 bit va ketqua ghi vao OUT.

DI_REAL: Chuyen oi so nguyen 32 bit co dau IN thanh so thc 32 bit va ghi ketqua vao OUT.

I_DINT: Chuyen oi so nguyen 16 bit thanh so nguyen 32 bit va ghi ket qua vaoOUT.

BCD_DI: Chuyen oi so BCD thanh so nguyen 32 bit va ghi ket qua vao OUT.

DI_BCD: Chuyen oi so nguyen 32 bit thanh so BCD va ghi ket qua vao OUT.

Lam tron gia tr ngo vao thanh so nguyen va ghi ket qua vao OUT.


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Chng 5: Ngon ng lap trnh Step7

5.1 CAI AT STEP 7 Cau hnh phan cng

e cai at STEP 7 yeu cau toi thieu cau hnh nh sau: 80486 hay cao hn, e ngh Pentium a cng trong: Toi thieu 300MB RAM: > 32MB, e ngh 64MB Giao tiep: CP5611, MPI card hay tiep hp PC e lap trnh vi mach nh Mouse: Co He ieu hanh: Windows 95/ 98/ NT

Co nhieu phien ban cua bo phan mem goc cua STEP 7 hien co tai Viet Nam. ang c s dungnhieu nhat la phien ban 4.2 va 5.0. Trong khi phien ban 4.2 kha phu hp vi nhng PC co cau hnh trungbnh nhng lai oi hoi phai tuyet oi co ban quyen th phien ban 5.0, oi hoi cau hnh PC phai manh toc ocao, co the chay che o khong cai ban quyen ( mc han che).

Phan ln cac a goc cua STEP 7 eu co kha nang t thc hien chng trnh cai at (autorun). Bi vayta ch can bo a vao va thc hien theo nhng ch dan. Ta cung co the chu ong thc hien cai at bang cachgoi chng trnh setup.exe co tren a. Cong viec cai at STEP 7 noi chung khong khac g nhieu so vi vieccai at cac phan mem ng dung khac nh Windows, Office.

Tuy nhien, so vi cac phan mem khac th viec cai at STEP 7 se co vai iem khac biet can c giaithch ro them:

Khai bao ma hieu san pham: Ma hieu san pham luon i kem theo phan mem STEP 7 va inngay tren a cha bo cai STEP 7. Khi tren man hnh hien ra ca so yeu cau cho biet ma hieusan pham, ta ien ay u vao tat ca cac muc trong o ca so o th mi co the tiep tuc cai atphan mem.

ang ky ban quyen: Ban quyen cua STEP 7 nam tren mot a mem rieng (thng co mau vanghoac o). Ta co the cai at ban quyen trong qua trnh cai at hay sau khi cai at phan memxong th chay chng trnh ang ky AuthorsW.exe co tren a CD cai at.

Khai bao thiet b ot EPROM: Chng trnh STEP 7 co kha nang ot chng trnh ng dunglen the EPROM cho PLC. Neu may tnh cua ta co thiet b ot EPROM th can thong bao choSTEP 7 biet khi tren man hnh xuat hien ca so (hnh di):


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Hnh 5.1 Cai at thiet b ot EPROM

Chon giao dien PC/PLC: Chng trnh c cai at tren PG/PC e ho tr viec soan thao cau hnhphan cng cung nh chng trnh cho PLC. Ngoai ra, STEP 7 con co kha nang quan sat viec thc hienchng trnh cua PLC. Muon nh vay ta can tao bo giao dien ghep noi gia PC va PLC e truyen thong tin,d lieu. STEP 7 co the c ghep noi gia PC va PLC qua nhieu bo giao dien khac nhau va ta co the chongiao dien se c s dung trong ca so sau:

Hnh 5.2 Cac bo giao dien co the chonSau khi chon bo giao dien ta phai cai at tham so lam viec cho no thong qua ca so man hnh di

ay khi chon muc Set PG/PC Interface.


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Hnh 5.3 Cai at thong so cho bo giao dienat tham so lam viec:

Sau khi cai at xong STEP 7, tren man hnh desktop se xuat hien bieu tng cua phan mem STEP 7.

Hnh 5.4 Bieu tng cua STEP 7

ong thi trong menu cua Windows cung co th muc Simatic vi tat ca cac ten cua nhngthanh phan lien quan, t cac phan mem tr giup en cac phan mem cai at cau hnh, che o lam viec cuaSTEP 7 .5.2 TRNH T CAC BC THIET KE CHNG TRNH IEU KHIEN


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M project, to chc va in project

Bien tap nhng khoi va chenvao nhn thiet b la trnh.

o chng trnh vagiam sat phan cng

Tiet lap hien th ca so, sap xep,chon ngon ng va thiet lap gi lieu

cua tien trnh

Goi Step7 On line Help

Hien th cau truc cua project.

Hien th nhng project hoac cacfolder c chon ben trai.

5.3 KHI ONG CHNG TRNH TAO PROJECTChng trnh quan ly SIMATIC la giao dien o hoa vi ngi dung bang

chng trnh soan thao trc tuyen/ngoai tuyen oi tng S7 (e an, tap tin ngidung, khoi, cac tram phan cng va cong cu)

Vi chng trnh quan ly SIMATIC co the: Quan ly e an va th vien Tac ong cong cu cua STEP 7 Truy cap trc tuyen PLC Soan thao the nh

Cac cong cu cua STEP 7 co trong SIMATIC Maneger. e khi ong cothe lam theo hai cach: Bang Task bar Start SIMATIC STEP7 SIMATIC Maneger

Nhan kep vao bieu tng SIMATIC Manager

Hnh 5.5 Cac thanh phan ca so Manager


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Thanh tieu e:Thanh tieu e gom ca so va cac nut e ieu khien ca so

Thanh thc n:Gom cac thc n cho cac ca so ang m

Thanh cong cuGom cac thao tac thng dung nhat di dang ky hieu. Nhng ky hieu nayco the t giai thch

Thanh trang thai:Hien ra trang thai hien tai va nhieu thong tin khac

Thanh cong tacCha cac ng dung ang m va ca so di dang cac nut. Thanh cong tac

co the at 2 ben man hnh bang cach nhan chuot phai

Thanh cong cu chng trnh quan ly SIMATIC bao gom: New (File Menu) Tao mi Open (File Menu) M file Display Accesible Nodes (PLC Menu) Hien th cac nut S7 Memory Card (File Menu) The nh S7 Cut (Edit menu) Cat Paste (Edit Menu) Dan Copy (Edit Menu) Sao chep Download (PLC Menu) Tai xuong Online (View Menu) Trc tuyen Offline (View Menu) Ngoai tuyen Large Icons (View Menu) Bieu tng ln Small Icons (View Menu) Bieu tng nho List (View Menu) Liet ke Details (View Menu) Chi tiet Up on level (View Menu) Len mot cap Simulate Modules (OptionMenu) Khoi mo phong Help Symbol Bieu tng tr giup


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Chng trnh S7 bao gom tat cacac khoi can thiet cho ieu

Tram Simatic va CPU cha cauhnh va tham so d lieu cua

Trong Project d lieu c lu trtrong mot cau truc phan tan

5.3 CAU TRUC PROJECT STEP7

Hnh 5.6 Cau truc project step75.4 VIET CHNG TRNH IEU KHIEN5.4.1 Khai bao phan cng

Ta phai xay dng cau hnh phan cng khi tao mot project. D lieu ve cau hnh sec truyen en PLC sau o.

Ta se th khai bao phan cng cho cac Module sau:CPU 312C-5BD01-0AB0, DI 321-1BH02-0AA0, DO 322-1HF01-0AA0, AI 331-

7KB02-0AB0, AO 332-5H501-0AB0 Click vao bieu tng e m chng trnh mi. Khi ca so New hien ra, ta

nhap ten cua chng trnh vao va Click OK nh hnh sau:

Hnh 5.7


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Tr vao man hnh chnh ta vao Insert -> Station -> SIMATIC 300 Station e chencau hnh cho chng trnh (module CPU, module IM,). Xem hnh sau:

Hnh 5.8 Khi Click vao bieu tng SIMATIC 300 ben phai man hnh xuat hien bieu tng

. Ta D_Click vao bieu tng Hardware e khai bao cau hnh cho chng trnh.

Ca so HW Config c m (xem hnh di), ta phai chen rack cho project.

Hnh 5.9 Ca so khai baoHardware

Trong ca so HW_config ta Click vao bieu tng e m th vien. Trong th vien, ta Click vao SIMATIC 300 (hnh 15) e lay cac thanh phan can

thiet.


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Hnh 5.10 Tiep theo, ta tm th muc RACK 300 va D_Click vao bieu tng e tao

Rail cha cac Module. Mot Rail se hien ra gom 11 Slot (xem hnh). Ta Click vao Slot 2 (to am Slot 2),

sau o Click vao CPU_300 -> CPU_312C -> 6ES7 312-5BD00-0AB0.

Hnh 5.11 Tiep theo, Click vao Slot 4 va Click vao SM_300 -> DI_300 -> D_Click vao SM321 DI16DC24V(hnh 5.12). So hieu nay tuy thuoc loai Module DI ma ta co.

Hnh 5.12


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Tng t, ta Click vao Slot 5 va Click vao DO_300 -> D_Click vaoSM 322 DO16DC24V/0.5A. (Hnh 5.13):

Hnh 5.13 Tng t, ta Click vao Slot 6 va Click vao AI_300 -> D_Click vao

SM 331 A12x12Bit. (hnh 5.14):

Hnh 5.14


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Tng t, ta Click vao Slot 7 va Click vao A0_300 -> D_Click vaoSM 332 AO4 x 12Bit.(Hnh 5.15):

Hnh 5.15 Ta Click vao bieu tng e Save va Compile cau hnh cng. Ta ong ca so

HW_Config e vao man hnh Manager.Khi tr ve man hnh Manager ta D_Click vao bieu tng khoi OB1 (hnh 5.16) e

m khoi OB1.

Hnh 5.16 Khi ca so Properties_ Organization Block hien ra (hnh 5.17) ta co the chon ngon ng

lap trnh cho khoi OB1. ay ta chon ngon ng LAD (LADDER) e lap trnh.

Hnh 5.17


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5.4.2 Cau truc ca so lap trnh

Hnh 5.18 Cac thanh phan cua ca so lap trnh Bang khai bao phu thuoc khoi. Dung e khai bao bien va tham so khoi Phan soan thao cha mot chng trnh, no chia thanh tng Network. Cac thong so

nhap c kiem tra loi cu phapNoi dung ca so Program Elementtuy thuoc ngon ng lap trnh a la chon. Co the

nhan up vao phan t lap trnh can thiet trong danh sach e chen chung vao danh sach.Cung co the chen cac phan t can thiet bang cach nhan va nha chuot.

Cac thanh cong cu thng s dung:: M chng trnh mi: M chng trnh a co san

: Lu chng trnh : o chng trnh xuong PLC

Bang khai baobien va tham so

khoi

Bang cac cong cu laptrnh (Program Element)

Phan soan thaochng trnh


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: Hien th a ch dang ten gi nh (Symbol representation) : Giam sat hoat ong chng trnh cua PLC : M ca so cac phan t lap trnh (Program Element)

: Re nhanh chng trnh

: Tao network mi.Cac Menu cong cu thng dung:

New (File Menu) Tao mi Open (File Menu) M file Cut (Edit menu) Cat Paste (Edit Menu) Dan Copy (Edit Menu) Sao chep Download (PLC Menu) Tai xuong Network (Insert) Chen network mi Program Elements (Insert) M c so cac phan t lap trnh Clear/Reset (PLC) Xoa chng trnh hien thi trong

PLC LAD, STL, FBD (View) Hien th dang ngon ng yeu cauCac phan t lap trnh thng dung (ca so Program Elements):

* Cac lenh logic tiep iem: *Cac loai counter.

* Cac lenh toan hocSo nguyen: So thc:

* Cac loai Timer


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* Cac lenh chuyen oi d lie u: * Cac lenh so sanh:

5.4.3 o chng trnhTa phai thiet lap san sang s ket noi en PLC (hnh 5.19) e o chng trnh.

Hnh 5.19

M nguon cho PLC.


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Chuyen sang trang thai stop. en stop hien len.

Chuyen can gat sang che o MRES va gi khoang 3s e resettrc khi o.Chuyen nut gat tr ve v tr stop va o chng trnh.

Chon nhng khoi ma ta se download (t manhnh Manager), PLC -> Download.

5.4.4 Giam sat hoat ong cua chng trnhe quan sat trang thai hoat ong hien thi cua PLC ta dung chc nang Kiem tra va

quan sat.Trong che o kiem tra cac phan t trong LAD/FBD c hien th cac mau khacnhau. Co the nh dang cac mau nay trong menu Option -> Customize.

e kch hoat chc nang Kiem tra va quan sat ta Click vao bieu tng mat knhtren thanh cong cu hoac vao menuDebug -> MonitorKhi o trong chng trnh co cac ac iem:

Trang thai c thc hien co mau xanh la va lien net. Trang thai khong thc hien co dang ng t net. Chu y: che o kiem tra, s thay oi trong chng trnh la khong the thc hien

c.


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PHU LUCPLC SIMATIC S7-200 co cac thong so ky thuat sau :ac trng c ban cua cac khoi vi x ly CPU212 va CPU214 c gii thieu trong bang :

CPU212 CPU214Bo nh chng trnh 512 words(1KB) co nh 2048 words(4KB) co nhBo nh d lieu 512 words, cha 100 words co nh 2048 words(4KB),cha 512 words co nh

So cong logic vao 8 14So cong logic ra 6 10So module I/O m rong 2 7Tong so cong logic vao 64 64Tong so cong logic ra 64 64So bo tao thi gian tre 64/2:1ms,8:10ms,54:100ms 128/4:1ms,16:10ms108:100msSo bo em 64 128So bo em toc o cao 0 3So bo phat xung nhanh 0 2So bo . chnh tng t 0 2So bt nh ac biet 368 688Che o ngat & x ly tn hieu x XThi gian lu tr bo nh 50 gi 190 giPin keo dai thi gian nh x X

Led ch th trang thai I/O x XGhep noi may tnh x X

CAC AC TRNG KY THUAT CUA CPU 312IFMCPU va Product Version

- Ma hieu 6ES7312-5AC02-0A0B- Phien ban phan cng: 01- Phien ban cua Hang V1.1.0- Phan mem thch hp STEP 7 V5.0 Service Pack 03

MemoryBo nh lam viec

- Bo nh noi: 6K- Bo nh m rong: Khong

Bo nh LOAD

- Bo nh tch phan: 20KB RAM20KB EEPROM- FEPROM m rong: Khong- RAM m rong: Khong

Backup Co- Co Pin: Khong- Khong co Pin: Gi c 72 bytes thong so

(d lieu, c, timer)Thi gian x ly

- X ly vi cac lenh bit: Cc tieu 0.6 s- X ly vi cac lenh t: Cc tieu 2 s- Phep toan vi so nguyen kep: Cc tieu 3 s- Cac phep toan vi dau phay troi: Cc tieu 60 s

Bo nh thi/em va ac tnh lu giCac bo em S7: 32

- ieu chnh lu gi : T C 0 ti C 31- at trc (Preset): T C 0 ti C 7- Dai em: 1 ti 999

Cac bo em IEC: Co- Loai: SFBs

Bo nh thi S7: 64- ieu chnh lu gi: Khong- Dai nh thi gian: 10 ms ti 9990 s

Cac bo nh thi IEC: Co- Loai SPBs


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Mien d lieu va cac a c tnh lu giToan bo mien lu gi d lieu (cac c Cc ai 1 DB, 72 byte d lieulien hp, cac bo thi gian, bo em)Cac bo nh Bit: 1024

- ieu chnh lu gi: MB 0 ti MB 71- at trc (Preset) MB 0 ti MB 15

Cac bo nh Clock: 8 (1 byte bo nh)

Cac khoi d lieu: Cc ai 63 (DB 0 e d tr)- Kch thc: Cc ai 6KB- ieu chnh lu gi: Cc ai 1DB, 72 bytes- at trc (Preset): Khong lu gi

Vung d lieu (khong thay oi): Cc ai 512 byte- Lp quyen u tien 256 bytes

Cac KhoiObs Xem danh sach lenh

- Kch thc: cc ai 6 KBChieu sau ngan xep

- Lp quyen u tien 8- Cac mc them vao trong vong 1 loi OB: Khong

FBs Cc ai 32- Kch thc: Cc ai 6KB

FCs Cc ai 32

- Kch thc: Cc ai 6KBMien a ch (cac loi vao / ra)Vung a ch cho ngoai vi:

- So / Digital: 0 ti 31/0 ti 31Tch hp: 124, 125 E/124 A

- Tng t / Analog: 256 ti 383/256 ti 383X ly ve hnh (khong thay oi c): 32 byte + 4 byte integral/

32 byte + 4 byte integralCac kenh Digital: 256 + 10 integral /256 + 6 integralCac kenh Analog: 64/32Cau hnhKhung gan: 1So module tren gia : Cc ai 8

DB chu- Tch hp Khong- Qua CP Co

Cac chc nang thong bao S7Kch hoat ngay lap tc Khong

Bao ong - cac khoi SThi gian

ong ho thi gian thc: Co- Lu gi: Khong- o chnh xac: Xem phan 8.1.6

Hoat ong cua bo em gi Khongong bo clock Co

- Tren PLC Chu- Tren MPI Chu/T

Cac chc nang kiem tra va uy thacTrang thai /thay oi cac bien Co

- Cac bien Loi vao, loi ra, cac c,DBs, thi gian, bo em- So

Cac bien man hnh Cc ai 30Cac bien thay oi Cc ai 14

Force- Bien Cac loi vao, loi ra- So Cc ai 10

Khoi monitor CoDay n Coiem gay 2


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Bo em chuan oan Co- So loi vao 100

Chc nang truyen thongTruyen thong PD/OP CoTruyen d lieu tong the Co

- So goi GDGi 1

Nhan 1Kch thc cua goi GD Cc ai 22 byteKch thc thch hp 8 byte

Truyen thong S7 c ban Co- D lieu Ngi dung Cc ai 76 byte

Kch thc thch hp 32 byte vi X/I_PUT/_GET76 Byte vI X_SEND/_RCV

Truyen Thong S7 Co (server)- D lieu Ngi dung Cc ai 160 byte

Kch thc thch hp 32 byteTng thch truyen thong S5 KhongTruyen thong chuan KhongSo tai nguyen ket noi 6 cho PD/OP/S7 c ban/S7 truyen thong

- at trc cho:Truyen thong PD Cc ai 5

Ngi dung co the nh ngha t 1 ti 5Mac nh 1Truyen thong OP Cc ai 5Ngi dung co the nh ngha t 1 ti 5Mac nh 1Truyen thong S7 c ban Cc ai 2Ngi dung co the nh ngha t 0 ti 2Mac nh 2

Giao dienGiao dien th nhatChc nang

- MPI Co- DP chu Khong- DP t Khong

- Cach ien galvanic KhongMPI- Cac dch vu

PD/OP CoTruyen thong toan bo d lieu CoTruyen thong S7 c ban CoTruyen thong S7 Co (Server)

- Van toc truyen 19,2; 187,5kbpsKch thc

- Kch thc lap at W x H x D (mm) 80 x 125 x 130- Trong lng Khoang 0,45kg

Lap trnh- Ngon ng lap trnh STEP 7- Tap lenh lu tr Xem danh sach lenh- Ngan xep 8

- Cac lenh he thong (SFCs) Xem danh sach lenh- Cac khoi lenh he thong (SFBs) Xem danh sach lenh- Bao mat chng trnh ngi dung Mat khau bao ve

ien the, DongNguon nuoi 24VDC

- Dai nguon cho phep 20,4 ti 28,8VDCCong suat tieu thu (khong tai) 0.7A (ien hnh)

Dong khi ong 8A

I2 t 0,4 A2 sCau ch ngoai cho ng cap nguon (khuyen cao) Bo ngat mach; 10A, loai B hoac C


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Nguon PG cho MPI (15 ti 30VDC) Cc ai 200mAMat mat cong suat 9W (ien hnh)Pin Khong

Bo acquy KhongCac loi vao / ra tch hp

a ch:- Cac loi vao Digital E 124.0 ti E 127.7

- Cac loi ra Digital A 124.0 ti A 124.7Cac ham tch hpem 1 (xem Integrated Functions Manual)o tan so cc ai ti 10 KHz (xem Integrated

Functions Manual) AC TRNG KY THUAT CAC LOI VAO AC BIET CUA CPU 312IFMModule D lieu ac bietSo cac loi vao 4 t

124.6 ti I 125.1Chieu dai cap

- Boc kim Cc ai 100m (109 yd.)The, dong, ien theSo cac loi vao co the x ly ong thi 4

- (Cau hnh ngang) ti 60C 4- (Cau hnh ng) ti 40C 4

Cac trang thai, cac ngat, cac chuan oanHien th trang thai 1 en LED xanh cho moi kenhNgat

- X ly ngat Co the thong so hoaCac ham chuan oan KhongTai lieu la chon cam bienThe loi vao

- Gia tr 24VDC- Cho tn hieu 1

125.0 va 125.1 15 ti 30 V 124.6 va 24.7 15 ti 30 V

- Cho tn hieu 0 -3 ti 5VDong loi vao

- Cho tn hieu 1 125.0 va 125.1 Cc tieu 2 mA 124.6 va 24.7 Cc tieu 6.5 mA

Thi gian tre loi vao- T 0 ti 1 Cc ai 50s- T 1 ti 0 Cc ai 50s

Cac ac trng loi vao- E125.0 va E125.1 Theo IEC 1131, loai 1- E124.6 va E124.7 Theo IEC 1131, loai 1

Connections noi 2 day KhongBEROsDong tnh cho phep

125.0 va 125.1 Cc ai 0.5 mA 124.6 va 24.7 Cc ai 2 mA

Thi gian, tan soThi gian ieu phoi noi cho

- X ly ngat Cc ai 1.5msTan so loi vao 10 kHz AC TRNG KY THUAT CAC LOI VAO DIGITAL CUA CPU 312 IFMGhi chu: Co the gan cac thong so cac loi vao 124.6 va 24.7 nh la cac loi vao ac biet, Khi o cac ac tnh ky thuat liet ke chocac loi vao ac biet ap dung cho cac loi vao 124.6 va 24.7.Module a c trng D lieuSo cac loi vao 8Chieu dai cap

- Cap khong boc kim Cc ai 600m- Cap boc kim Cc ai 1000m

The, dong, ien the


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So loi vao co the x ly ong thi 8- (Cau hnh ngang) ti 60C 8- (Cau hnh ng) ti 40C 8

Cach ly ien galvanic KhongCac trang thai, cac ngat, cac chuan oan

Hien th trang thai 1 en LED xanh cho moi kenhCac ngat Khong

Cac ham chuan oan KhongTai lieu la chon cam bienThe loi vao

- Gia tr 24VDC- Cho tn hieu 1 11 ti 30V- Cho tn hieu 0 -3 ti 5V

Dong loi vao- Cho tn hieu 1 7 mA

Thi gian tre loi vao- T 0 ti 1 1.2 ti 4.8 ms- T 1 ti 0 1.2 ti 4.8 ms

Cac ac trng loi vao1 Theo IEC 1131, loai 2Connections noi 2 day Co the

BEROsDong tnh cho phep Cc ai 2 mA AC TRNG KY THUAT CAC LOI RA DIGITAL CUA CPU 312 IFMTai lieu ac thu - moduleSo cac loi ra 8Chieu dai cap

- Cap khong boc kim Cc ai 600m- Cap boc kim Cc ai 1000m

The, dong, ien theDong tong cong cua cac loi ra (tren nhom)

- (Cau hnh ngang) ti 40C Cc ai 3A- (Cau hnh ngang) ti 60C Cc ai 3A- (Cau hnh ng) ti 40C Cc ai 3A

Cach ly ien galvanic KhongCac trang thai, cac ngat, cac chuan oan

Hien th trang thai 1 en LED xanh cho moi kenhCac ngat KhongCac ham chuan oan KhongTai lieu la chon khi ongThe loi ra

- Cho tn hieu 1 Cc tieu L + (-0.8V)Dong loi ra

- Cho tn hieu 1 / nh mc 0.5 AKhoang cho phep 5 mA en 0.6 A

- Cho tn hieu 0Dong con d cc ai 0.5 mA

Dai tong tr tai 48 ti 4kWTai en cc ai 5W

Noi song song cua 2 loi ra- Cho ieu khien kenh kep tai Co the- Cho nang cao chat lng Khong the

ieu khien cua mot loi vao so Co theTan so chuyen mach (switching)

Bai Soan PLC 1

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