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Overview of SS 575 : 2012

Code of Practice forFire Hydrant, rising mains and hose reel systems

By Er Yeow Mei Leng

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Objective Existing code dated 1998 In line with overseas and international

codes & practices

Align with Singapore Fire Code

Incorporate requirements of water suppliesand fire pumps

Reference codes AS 2419.1 2005

AS 2941 2008 BS 5306-0 : 2011

BS 5306.1 : 2006

NPFA 14 : 2007

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CP 291. General

2. Locations and otherprovisions

3. Designconsiderations

4. Hosereels

5. Components andMaterials

SS 5751. General

2. Locations and otherprovisions

3. Designconsiderations

4. Water supplies &storage

5. Fire Pumps

6. Hosereels

7. Components andMaterials

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CP 296. Hydraulic Calculations

7. Installations

8. Initial inspections andacceptance tests

9. Maintenance of

system andrectification of defects

Annex

Tables

Figures

SS 5758. Hydraulic Calculations

9. Installations10. Initial inspections and

acceptance tests

11. Maintenance of

system andrectification of defects

Tables

Figures

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Section 1 - General

Definitions

Accessway

Competent person

Controller

Down comer Driver

Emergency Responder

Fire hydrant (underground) omitted

Fire hydrant, redefined

Fire pumpset, redefined

Listed, redefined

Pressure

Ring Main

Unprotected areas

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Section 1 - General

Definitions

1.4.5 Controller

An enclosed group of

devices (including a powerdisconnect device by whichthe conductors of a circuitcan be disconnected from thesource of supply) that servesto govern, in some

predetermined manner, thepower delivered to theapparatus to which it isconnected.

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Section 1 - General

Definitions

1.4.15 Fire pumpset

An assembly comprising a

pump, a driver, a coupling and

ancillary components on a

common base together with an

integral or separate fire pump

controller, and listed by a

recognised institution as one

which has been tested for use in

fire hydrant and wet rising main

systems or other fire fightinginstallations.

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Section 1 - General

Definitions

1.4.27 Ring main or ring system fire main

A water main which forms a ring circuit that feeds fire

hydrants.

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Section 1 - General

Definitions

1.4.32 Unprotected areas

All areas are considered as unprotected irrespective of

any sprinkler protection, except the following:

a) Staircases;

b) Smoke free lobbies;

c) Protected corridors.

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Section 2 Provisions & Locations

Fire Hydrant

Provision

- along fire engine access road and/or access

- within unobstructed distance of 50m from hydrant

Pipework- Ductile iron cement lined

- fire rated when run in basement & unprotected areas

- concrete valve chamber

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Fire HydrantLocation-not less than 10m from HV electrical equipment, LPG and combustible storage

- not less than 1 m clearance from building

- not obstructed or obscured by obstacles, stored goods, vehicles, vegetation

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Fire HydrantLocation- located >125mm and

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Rising Main / Down comer

- 930m2 coverage is omitted

- Priority of location

- Within smoke free lobby, or

- External corridor and in protected shaft, or

- Common area, in protected shaft and outside door of existing

staircase- No other services in protected shaft except for fire fighting

- Accessible for maintenance and not concealed or obstructed

- Breeching inlet not more than 12 m from vertical stack for group II

occupancy

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Provisions

-On roof where M&E plants are located

-on unhabitable roof where access maintenance is provided, for

testing

Standby hoses

-For all occupancy except group II

-Additional hose for spaces beyond 38 m reach

LV installed perpendicular to protected shaft

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Section 3 Design Considerations


Flow and pressure for Multiple Rising mains

Table 3.2 - Water flow rates for wet rising mains

No. of stacks Water flow rate fornon-residential

buildings

Water flow rate forresidential

buildings

1 38 L/s 27 L/s

2 57 L/s 40.5 L/s

3 76 L/s 54 L/s

4 and above 95 L/s 67.5 L/s

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Fire Hydrant

Unassisted water supply- fire hydrants below RL 125m

3.1.1.3 Only private hydrants installed below reduced level 125 m can receive direct

supply from Water Authoritys water mains (unassisted water supply). Notwithstanding

this, water storage of sufficient capacity with pumping facilities (pumped supply) may be

required to meet the Fire Authoritys requirements on flow rate and pressure.

- Ring system fire main to increase reliability

- Isolation valves to branches

- Flow and pressure specified, adopted from Fire Code

(a)90 % of running pressure at the nearest public hydrant, taking into consideration the

hydraulic losses in the bulk water meter;(b)90 % of flow rate at the nearest public hydrant provided that its pressure is greater

than 2 bar

- Hydraulic losses may be calculated with flows through both paths

of the ring

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Fire Hydrant

Pumped supply:- where town mains unable to provide flow and pressure

- fire hydrants above RL 125m

- flow dependent on floor area of largest compartment, adopted

from Fire Code

Table 3.1 Water supply and storage requirements (assisted water supply) for private hydrant

Purpose

GroupRequirement

Purpose Group

I & II Purpose Group (*) III, IV, V, VII Purpose Group (*) VI, VIII

Minimum

running

pressure2 bar 2 bar 2 bar

Minimum flow

rate 27 L/s

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Fire Hydrant

Ring Main

Ring main design criteria

isolated at appropriate locations

50% of hydrants still in operation

isolating valves easily accessed

isolating valves tagged or marked with reflective

paint on cover

isolating valves above ground to be strapped and

padlocked

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Rising Mains / Downcomer

Duration for fire fighting

45 minutes for low level tank

30minutes for high level tank + low level tank

- Wet Riser transfer pump sized appropriately

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Low level Tank sized for 45 minutes storage

Automatic reliable inflow

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Low level tankHigh Level Tank sized for 30 minutes

storage

Transfer pump sized taking automatic

inflow for 45 minutes total storage

Automatic reliable inflowto low level tank

Transfer pumpsets

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Protection of PUB incoming mainsand from

breeching inlet

Location of air release valve for downcomer

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Pipework to be of hot dipped galvanised steel,

heavy grade

Underground pipework limited to 1.5m

Jointing methods

welded flange ends

mechanical groove couplings

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Section 4 Water supplies & storage

Water Supplies Minimum storage capacity of 90 minutes or

45 minutes as appropriate

50% availability at all times

Water tanks to have Automatic inflow

Overflow and air gaps

Water level indicators

Access panels and ladders signage

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Section 5 Fire Pumps

Fire Pumpsets Listed for fire fighting

Able to provide maximum flow of 130% at not

less than 80%head

Not to exceed 140% of duty head at shut offpoint

Types of pumps

5 types

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Pump suction and discharge pipes

Suction pipe 1.8m/s Discharge pipe 5m/s

Flexible coupling shall be of metallic type

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Fire Pumps

One duty, one standby or Two duty, one standby

Standby shall start automatically

stopped manually

Under positive head, priming not acceptable

Direct reading flow meter

Jockey pump flow not exceeding 10 l/min

Drivers Electric motor

Compression ignition engine

Motor Protection Thermal overload cannot be used to trip starter

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Fire Pumps

- when water level is below pump room- priming not allowed, use vertical turbine pumps

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Section 6 Hosereels

Provision

The distance of hoseline taking into

consideration to obstructions

Pipework

Hot dipped galvanised steel

Copper or stainless steel when direct feed from PUBmains

Booster Pump

Pumps under positive head

Priming requirements have been omitted

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Section 7 Components & Materials

Standards

Reference standards updated

BS to BS EN

Conformance with PUB WRN

7.1.3 Pipes, valves and fittings which are connected directly to the potable water

mains shall comply with the standards and requirements stipulated by the Water

Authority.

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Section 8 Hydraulic calculations

No change to this section

Formulae

Hazen Williams formula

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Section 9 Installation

Buildings under

construction Comply with Appendix C

of Fire Code

Details removed

Appendix A also removed

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Section 10 Initial inspections and acceptance tests

Pre-test preparation Remove air from system Flush debris

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Commissioning Test Water supply proved at each landing valve and hydrant

Simultaneously discharge the number of outlets of the most

hydraulically disadvantage area

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Commissioning TestWater supply proved at each hydrant


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Commissioning Test

Water supply proved at eachlanding valve

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Commissioning Test

Obtain pressure and flow at

incoming water mains

Test flow rate at pump

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Hydrostatic Test for Dry Riser1380 kPA or 1.5 times working pressure for 2 hours

Pressure measured at lowest point

Hydrostatic tests and by competent person

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Accident

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Section 11 Maintenance& Rectifications

Competent person

Engaged to carry out testing of hydrant and rising mains / downcomers.

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1 Ife Ss575 Yeowml a Ss575

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