Cloninger, Susan C. “Horney and Relational Theory: Interpersonal Psychoanalytic Theory.” Theories ofPersonality: Understanding Persons, Prentice-Hall, Harlow, 2003, pp. 157–181.

“Karen Horney Biography.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.,https://www.britannica.com/biography/Karen-Horney.

Team, GoodTherapy Editor. “Karen Horney (1885-1952).” Karen Horney Biography, GoodTherapy, 11Nov. 2011, https://www.goodtherapy.org/famous-psychologists/karen-horney.html.

References

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Horney's ThreeNeurotic Solutions

Self Effacing Solution: TheAppeal of Love ( “TheCompliant Personality”)Moving Toward PeopleExpansive Solution: TheAppeal of Mystery (“TheAggressive Personality”)Moving Against People Resignation: The Appeal ofFreedom (‘The DetachedPersonality”) Moving awayfrom People

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Anti-Freud Horney began to disagree with Sigmund Freudbecause he treated female psychology as an offshootof male psychology. She went against the ideas of“penis envy” and began to coin the term “wombenvy”. This term relays to men that they are inferiorto women because they have limited reproductivecapabilities. In particular, Horney objected to Freud’sconcepts of the libido, the death instinct, and theOedipus complex, which she thought could be moreadequately explained by cultural and socialconditions.

Background Karen Horney was a strong woman fromHamburg, Germany who deep-dived intofeminist psychology. She argued thatpersonality in men and women are moreinfluenced by society rather than anatomy.

WHO'SHORNEY?

Key Terms Basic Hostility: A feeling of hostility and resentment

toward the parents that develops as a result of the basicanxiety that the infant feels at being dependent on

them. Basic Anxiety: A feeling of isolation and helplessness

resulting from inadequate parenting. Actual Self: What a person really is at a given time, seen

objectively Idealized self: An image of what a person wishes to bePenis Envy: In the classical psychoanalytic theory ofSigmund Freud, the hypothesized desire of girls and

women to possess the male genital organ.Womb Envy: In psychoanalytic theory, the envy felt by

some men for the reproductive capacity of women,regarded as an unconscious motive that leads them to

denigrate women.