kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ€¦ · 10. m‡¤§jb, mgv‡ek, mfv-mwgwZ, LZ‡g...

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ


kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ

gyhvddi web gynwmb

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ cÖKvkKt nv‡dh gyKviig evDmv †n`vZxcvov, †Zu_ywjqv, evNv, ivRkvnx| †gvevBjt 01715-249694, 01722-684490

1g cÖKvkt GwcÖj 2008 L„t ˆPÎ 1414 evsjv iexDj AvDqvj 1429 wnRix cybt gy ªYt †m‡Þ¤^i 2008 L„t

\me© Z¡ †jL‡Ki\

K‡¤úvRt GBP Gd Kw¤úDUvi, ivRkvnx| gy ª‡Yt †mvbvjx wcÖw›Us GÛ c¨v‡KwRs wjt, mcyiv, ivRkvnx| †dvbt 761842| nvw`qvt 50 (cÂvk) UvKv gvÎ|

SHAR`EE MANDANDE MUNAJAT By Muzaffar Bin Mohsin Published by: Hafiz Mukarram, Bausha Hedatipara, Tethulia, Bagha, Rajshahi, April 2008. Mobile: 01715249694. Price: 50.00 only.


m~PxcÎ cÖ_g Aa¨vq

1. gybvRvZ k‡ãi we‡k−lY - 7 2. Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ gybvRvZ Kivi ¯’vb mg~n - 9 (K) ZvKex‡i Zvnixgvi ci nÕ‡Z i“K‚i c~e© ch©š— gybvRvZ - 9 (L) i“K‚Kvjxb gybvRvZ - 13 (M) i“K‚ nÕ‡Z DVvi ci gybvRvZ - 15 (N) wmR`v Ae¯’vq gybvRvZ - 16 (O) `yB wmR`vi ga¨Kvi gybvRvZ - 18 (P) †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ nÕ‡Z DVvi ci gybvRvZ - 19 Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv - 19, Kzb~‡Z ivwZev ev weZi Gi Kzb~Z - 21 (Q) †kl Zvkvnû‡` e‡m mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c~e© ch©š— gybvRvZ - 22 Zvkvnû` - 24, ìƒ` - 24, `yÔAv‡q gvQ~iv ev mvaviY `yÔAv mg~n - 25

wØZxq Aa¨vq dih Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci KiYxq

1. mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci whwKi bv `yÔAv? - 34 2. Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci cwVZe¨ whwKi mg~n - 38 3. mKvj-mÜ¨v ev dRi I gvMwie Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe¨ ¸i“Z¡c~Y© `yÔAv mg~n - 43 4. †KD `yÔAv PvB‡j KiYxq - 48

Z…Zxq Aa¨vq cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ †ckK…Z eY©bv¸‡jvi ch©v‡jvPbv

1. wbw`©ófv‡e dih Qvjv‡Zi ci `je×fv‡e nvZ Zzjvi c‡¶ †ckK…Z eY©bvmg~n - 49 2. cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ Av‡iv Ab¨vb¨ eY©bv - 62 3. `yÔAvi c‡i gy‡L nvZ gvmvn Kivi †Kvb Qnxn nv`xQ †bB - 70 4. cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ cweÎ KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Qi Ace¨vL¨v - 71

PZz_© Aa¨vq cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ m¤ú‡K© wek¦weL¨vZ gynvwÏQ Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi gš—e¨

1. Avngv` Beby Zvqwgqvi gš—e¨ - 73 2. Avj−vgv Bebyj K¡vBwq‡gi gš—e¨ - 75 3. mE`x Avi‡ei ¯’vqx M‡elYv I dvZvIqv †ev‡W©i wm×vš— - 76 4. mE`x Avi‡ei m‡e©v”P Ijvgv cwil‡ì wm×vš— - 77 5. mE`x Avi‡ei mv‡eK MÖvÛ gydZx kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh-Gi gš—e¨ -79 6. kvqL bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx-Gi gš—e¨ - 80 7. kvqL gynv¤§v` Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb-Gi gš—e¨ - 81 8. Avey Avãyi ingvb RvBjvb web Lvqi Avi-i“gxi gš—e¨ - 82 9. Avj−vgv Bebyj nv¾ gv°xi e³e¨ - 83 10. Avj−vgv Ievq`yj−vn ingvbx gyeviKcyix gš—e¨ - 83 11. gydZx Avey gynv¤§v` AvjxgyÏx‡bi gš—e¨ - 83

12. cÖ‡dmi W. gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwj‡ei gš—e¨ - 84 13. gvwmK AvZ-Zvnix‡Ki dvZvIqv - 84 14. mvßvwnK Avivdv‡Zi e³e¨ - 85 15. nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Ijvgv‡q †Kivgt Avj−vgv Av‡bvqvi kvn Kvk¥xix - 85, Avj−vgv BDmyd web b~ix - 85, Avj−vgv ikx` Avngv` cvwK¯—vbx - 86, Avj−vgv Avãyj nvB jv‡¶èŠfx - 86, Avj−vgv gydZx dvqhyj−vn nvUnvRvix - 86, Avj−vgv mvBwq` Aveyj AvÔjv gI`~ x - 87 16. gvwmK c„w_exi dvZvIqv - 87 16. gymwjg †`k¸‡jvi Ae¯’vb - 88 17. cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi BwZnvm - 88

cÂg Aa¨vq Ab¨vb¨ ¯’v‡b `je× `yÔAv

1. g„Z‡K `vdb Kivi ci Kei ¯’v‡b `je×fv‡e `yÔAv Kivi eY©bv - 89 2. `vdb Kivi ci KiYxq - 91 3. Rvbvhvi `yÔAv - 93 4. Kei whqviZ cÖm½ - 94 5. Kei whqvi‡Zi `yÔAv mg~n - 95 6. C‡ì Qvjv‡Zi ci `je×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi cÖgvY †Kv_vq? - 96 7. weev‡ni ci cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Kiv mybœvZ we‡ivax KvR - 99 8. BdZv‡ii c~‡e© nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi wfwË †bB - 99 9. BdZv‡ii mgq cwVZe¨ `yÔAv - 99 10. m‡¤§jb, mgv‡ek, mfv-mwgwZ, LZ‡g eyLvix I wewfbœ Abyôvb †k‡l `je× `yÔAv - 100

lô Aa¨vq 1. gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ wjwLZ K‡qKwU cy —‡Ki ch©v‡jvPbv - 101 2. KwZcq cÖkœ I Zvi DËi - 104 3. `„wó AvKl©Y - 108

mßg Aa¨vq `yÔAv Kivi Qnxn c×wZ mg~n

1. Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g `yÔAv Kiv - 111 2.GKvKx nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv - 112 3. GKR‡bi `yÔAv Kiv Avi evKx‡ì ïay Avgxb Avgxb ejv - 117 4. RvgvÔAvZe× fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv - 118

Aóg Aa¨vq cÖ‡qvRbxq yÔAv mg~n

Nygv‡bvi mgq `yÔAv- 123, Nyg †_‡K RvMvi `yÔAv- 123, Ih~i c‡i `yÔAv- 123, Avhvb †k‡l `yÔAv- 124, LvIqvi c‡i `yÔAv-124, †ghev‡bi Rb¨ `yÔAv- 125, †ivMx †`Lvi `yÔAv- 125, KziAvb †ZjvIqv‡Zi ci `yÔAv 126, †KD `yÔAv PvB‡j Zvi Rb¨ `yÔAv- 126, KvD‡K we`vq †Ìqvi `yÔAv- 127, bZzb Puv` †`‡L `yÔAv- 127, So-Zzdv‡bi `yÔAv- 127, bZzb Kvco cwiav‡bi `yÔAv- 128, bZzb ¯¿x MÖn‡Yi `yÔAv- 128, evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki `yÔAv- 129, md‡ii `yÔAv- 129, Dcmsnvi- 131|


wemwgj−v-wni ingv-wbi inxg

f~wgKvt cÖPwjZ ÔgybvRvZÕ `xN©w`b †_‡K GKwU eûj Av‡jvwPZ welq| gybvRvZ Kiv hv‡e wK hv‡e bv Ggb wØav-Ø›Ø me© —‡i Qwo‡q Av‡Q| cuvP Iqv³ Qvjv‡Z me© —‡ii gvbyl Rgv‡qZ bv n‡jI RygÔAv, Rvbvhv I C‡ì Qvjv‡Z Dcw ’Z nq| Avi ZLbB gyL¨ welq n‡q ùvovq GB gybvRvZ| GRb¨ †`‡ki wewfbœ ’v‡b Av‡jg‡ì gv‡S c‡¶-wec‡¶ ZK©-evnvQI AbywôZ n‡q _v‡K| eB-cy —K I wjd‡jU-eyK‡jU †Zv Av‡QB| GB gybvRvZ GK mgq me©ÎB Pvjy wQj| wKš‘ wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv-ch©v‡jvPbvi d‡j eû RvqMv †_‡K Zv D‡V †M‡Q, †Kv_vI wkw_j n‡q‡Q| g~jK_v nÕj, mgv‡R cÖPwjZ †h †Kvb Avg‡ji wei“‡× mgv‡jvPbv Ki‡jB GgbwU n‡q _v‡K| Avi Gi wcQ‡b cÖavb f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K `yÕwU wek¦vm| (1) a‡g©i bv‡g mgv‡R hv Pvjy Av‡Q Zvi mewKQyB KziAvb-nv`x‡Q Av‡Q, meB Rv‡qh Av‡Q| (2) mgv‡R cÖPwjZ †h †Kvb Avgj‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ `jxj Zvjvk Kiv| D³ `yÕwU wek¦vmB åvš—| KviY a‡g©i bv‡g AmsL¨ fyqv I wg_¨v Avgj mgv‡R Pvjy _vK‡e Ges Ggb Avgj K‡i gvbyl c_åó n‡e GUv ¯qs Avj−vnB †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb (m~iv Kvnd 103-106)| ivm~j (Qvt)I Gai‡Yi wfwËnxb Avgj m¤ú‡K© Zuvi D¤§Z‡K mZK© K‡i‡Qb evievi (Qnxn gymwjg, Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/141 I 165)| ZvnÕ‡j †Kvb& hyw³‡Z mewKQy‡K Rv‡qh ejv nq? wØZxqZt KziAvb-mybœvni wb‡`©k nÕj- `jxj †`Lvi ci Avgj Ki‡Z n‡e (m~iv bvnj 43-44; Avnhve 36; Qnxn gymwjg nv/4468, ÔgxgvsmvÕ Aa¨vq) | A_P mgv‡R cÖwZwôZ †h †Kvb Avgj‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ Pvjv‡bv nq AvcÖvY cÖ‡Póv| GUv kixÔAv‡Zi bxwZ we‡ivax| G¶‡Y mgv‡R hw` `jxj wenxb †Kvb Avgj Pvjy _v‡K ZvnÕ‡j Av‡M H Avgj m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c †Q‡o w`‡Z n‡e Ges `jxj Zvjvk Ki‡Z n‡e| AZtci hw` Zvi c‡¶ Qnxn `jxj cvIhv hvq, ZvnÕ‡j Zv Avevi Pvjy Ki‡Z n‡e| Avi hw` `jxj bv cvIqv hvq Z‡e Zv ev`B †_‡K hv‡e| wKš‘ `ytLRbK nÕj, GB Avš—wiKZv Av‡jg‡ì g‡a¨B †bB, mvaviY †jvKRb †Kv_vq †_‡K wkL‡e! D³ `yÕwU wek¦vm K‡qKwU Kvi‡Y mgv‡R Pvjy Av‡Q| (K) Rvj I hCd nv`xQ| (L) KziAv‡bi AvqvZ I Qnxn nv`x‡Qi gbMov A_© I KwíZ e¨vL¨v| (M) Bmjv‡gi bv‡g gvby‡li ˆZwi Kiv Avgj A_©vr wkiK-we`ÔAvZ I Kzms¯‹vi Ges (N) weag©x‡ì wbqg-bxwZ, mf¨Zv-ms¯‹…wZ, AvPvi-AvPiY| D³ welq¸‡jvi †Kvb GKwU‡KI Bmjvg mg_©b K‡i bv| gymwjg mgvR †_‡K G¸‡jv‡K DrLvZ Kiv dih| hwÌ Gi c‡¶ IKvjZx K‡i _v‡Kb GK †kªYxi Av‡jg, GjvKvi cÖfvekvjx abvX¨ e¨w³eM© Ges fuyB‡dvo Z_vKw_Z Bmjvgx msMVb mg~n| Gfv‡eB AmsL¨ fyqv I wfwËnxb Avgj mgv‡R Pvjy Av‡Q Ges Gi wb‡P cÖK…Z Bmjvg Pvcv c‡o Av‡Q| cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Zvi RvR¡j¨ D`vniY| KviY 10/20 †m‡K‡Ûi GB gybvRv‡Zi Kvi‡Y Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe¨ whwKi I `yÔAv mg~n GgbwK dhxjZc~Y© ÔAvqvZzj KzimxÕ ch©š— gyQj−xiv Rv‡b bv| ZvB GB cÖ_v‡K AvR †_‡K cÖvq 800 eQi c~‡e©B ms¯‹viK Ijvgv‡q †Kivg we`ÔAvZ e‡j

†NvlYv w`‡q‡Qb| KviY Gi c‡¶ KziAvb-nv`x‡Q †Kvb `jxj †bB| GgbwK †Kvb hCd, Rvj nv`xQI †bB| G cÖ_v‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ †Rvic~e©K †h mg — `jxj †ck Kiv nq †m¸‡jvi mv‡_ cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| Aciw`‡K †m¸‡jv meB Rvj, hCd, wg_¨v, evbvIqvU I wfwËnxb| GQvov KziAv‡bi KwZcq AvqvZ I Qnxn nv`x‡QiI Ace¨vL¨v Kiv nq| cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ m¤ú‡K© †jLv-†jwL Kivi B”Qv †gv‡UI wQj bv| wKš‘ GB AwZ Zz”Q welqwU Bmjvgx mgvR ms¯‹v‡ii c‡_ Pig cÖwZeÜK| KviY wkiK-we`ÔAvZ mn Gi †P‡q Av‡iv gvivZ¥K Aciva mg~‡ni wei“‡× K_v ej‡Z †M‡j eo evav n‡q ùvovq GB cÖ_v| GK‡kªYxi Av‡jgI Gi c‡¶ †Rvic~e©K cÖPviYv Pvjvb| A_P gybvRvZ Kx Avi `yÔAv Kx, KLb Ki‡Z n‡e, †Kv_vq Ki‡Z n‡e Ges †Kvb c×wZ‡Z Ki‡Z n‡e †m m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì ¯”Q aviYv †bB| Zv‡ì Kv‡Q †Zgb †Kvb wKZvecÎI †bB| †Kvb †Mvôx Avevi GUv‡K wR‡q †i‡L wb‡R‡ì ¯v_©wmw× Ki‡Q| d‡j Qnxn `vIAvZ e¨vnZ n‡”Q, mijcÖvY gymwjg RbZv cÖZvwiZ n‡”Q| ZvB `yÕwU K_v wjL‡Z eva¨ n‡qwQ| G m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ Av‡jvPbv-mgv‡jvPbv, m‡¤§jb-mgv‡ek I evnvQ-gybvhvivq AskMÖnY K‡i †h mg — ev —e wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zv wb‡qB GB wbeÜ| †jLvwU †gvU AvUwU Aa¨v‡q wef³| cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q cÖK…Z gybvRvZ ej‡Z Kx eySvq, Qvjv‡Zi mv‡_ Gi m¤úK© Kx Ges Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ †Kvb †Kvb ’v‡b gybvRvZ Ki‡Z nq Zv Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wØZxq Aa¨v‡q dih Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe¨ whwKi I mvaviY `yÔAv mg~n D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ †ckK…Z `jxj¸‡jvi ZvnK¡xK¡ Kiv n‡q‡Q| PZz_© Aa¨v‡q cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ m¤ú‡K© wek¦weL¨vZ Bmjvgx cwÊZM‡Yi gš—e¨ †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÂg Aa¨v‡q Rvbvhvi Qvjv‡Zi c‡i, C`v‡q‡bi c‡i, weevn Abyôvb, mfv-m‡¤§jb I wewfbœ AvbyôvwbK êV‡Ki c‡i `yÔAv Kiv m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| lô Aa¨v‡q cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ iwPZ K‡qKwU cy —‡Ki ch©v‡jvbv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges mvgvwRK K‡qKwU cÖ‡kœi DËi †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| mßg Aa¨v‡q `yÔAv Kivi Qnxn c×wZ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q Ges Aóg Aa¨v‡q GKvš— cÖ‡qvRbxq K‡qKwU `yÕAv ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cwi‡k‡l hv‡ì wKZve-c‡Îi mn‡hvwMZvq eBwU msKwjZ n‡q‡Q gnvb Avj−vni Kv‡Q meUzKz cÖwZ`vb Zv‡ì Rb¨B Kvgbv KiwQ| eBwU cÖYq‡b me©vZ¥K Drmvn I mn‡hvwMZv cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb Avgvi kª×vfvRb D —vh gvIjvbv e`xDhhvgvb (nvwdhvûj−vn)| cv‡k †_‡K K‡¤úvR mn mvwe©K mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Q †mœ‡ni †QvU fvB nv‡dh gyKviig| eBwU cÖKv‡k Avw_©K mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb Avgvi kª‡×q †QvU PvPv †kL mvR`vi| GZØ¨ZxZ Av‡iv hviv wewfbœfv‡e mn‡hvwMZv K‡i‡Qb Avwg Zv‡ì mK‡ji Rb¨ Avj−vni Kv‡Q DËg cÖwZ`vb Kvgbv KiwQ| gnvb Avj−vn Avgv‡ì GB ¶z ª cÖ‡Póv Keyj Ki“b- Avgxb| mvwe©K mycivgk© I Avš—wiK `yÔAvi cÖZ¨vkvq-

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cÖ_g Aa¨vq

gybvRvZ k‡ãi we‡k−lY ÔgybvRvZÕ (��) Aviex kã| †mB †_‡K �� eënvi nq| Gi A_© ci¯úi Kv‡b Kv‡b ev Pzwc Pzwc K_v ejv|1 kixÔAv‡Zi cwifvlvq gybvRvZ nÕj, Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi mv‡_ gyQj−xi Pzwc Pzwc K_v ejv| Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg mn Ab¨vb¨ nv`xQ MÖ‡š’ D³ A‡_©B gybvRvZ kãwU eëüZ n‡q‡Q| †hgb ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb,

�� !"�#�$�% &'�� ÔwbðqB †Zvgv‡ì †KD hLb Zvi Qvjv‡Z ùvovq ZLb †m Zvi i‡ei mv‡_ gybvRvZ K‡iÕ|2 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,

�� (�)*� �� '��" �� +� ,�-.*� &'�� . ÔwbðqB gywgb hLb Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ _v‡K ZLb †m Zvi i‡ei mv‡_ gybvRvZ K‡iÕ|3 Av‡iK nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q, �� 0(�)�-.*� &'�� ÔwbðqB gyQj−x Zvi i‡ei mv‡_ gybvRvZ K‡iÕ|4 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb,

��(�)*� 1�� !"�#�$�% �� 2�&(�)� �� 3�� 4(*� �� -�� % 5�) 6�� (��. ÔhLb †Zvgv‡ì †KD Qvjv‡Z ùvov‡e ZLb †m †hb Zvi mvg‡b _y_y bv †d‡j| KviY †m hZ¶Y gyQvj−v‡Z QvjvZ iZ _v‡K ZZ¶Y Avj−vni mv‡_ gybvRvZ K‡iÕ|5 D‡j−L¨, nv`x‡Q Dwj−wLZ �� kãwU †dj ev wµqv| Avi Zvi gvQ`vi ev wµqvg~j nÕj (��) gybvRvZ| 1. Avj-gyÔRvgyj IqvmxZ¡ (B¯—v¤yj-ZziKxt Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, wØZxq cÖKvkt 1972L„t/1392wnt),

c„t 905; Avj-gybwR` wdj jyMvn Iqvj AvÔjvg (êi“Z-†jevbbt Avj-gvKZvevZzk kviwK¡Bqvn, 41Zg cÖKvkt 2005), c„t 793|

2. Bgvg Avey Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` web BmgvCj Avj-eyLvix, Qnxn eyLvix (wiqvht gvKZvevZz `vwim mvjvg, 1999L„t/1417wnt), nv/405, 417, 531, c„t 71, 72, 90 I 149, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-33, nv/532 I 1214; KivPx Qvcvt K¡v`xgx KzZzeLvbv, AvQvnûj gvZ¡v‡eÕ, 2q cÖKvkt 1381wnt/1961L„t), 1g LÊ, 58-59, 76 I 162 c„t|

3. Qnxn eyLvix nv/413, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-36| 4. gymbv‡` Avngv`; gynv¤§v` web Avãyj−vn Avj-LZ¡xe AvZ-wZeixhx, wgkKvZzj gvQvexn, ZvnK¡xK¡t

gynv¤§v` bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx (êi“Zt Avj-gvKZvevZzj Bmjvgx, 1985/1405), nv/856, c„t 81, mb` Qnxn; e½vbyev` wgkKvZt gvIjvbv b~i †gvnv¤§` AvÕRgx (XvKvt Gg`vw`qv cy¯—Kvjq, evsjv evRvi, b‡f¤î, 2001), 2/284 c„t, nv/796|

5. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, Qnxn eyLvix nv/416; Aveyj ûmvBb gymwjg web nv¾vR Avj-KzkvBix, Qnxn gymwjg (wiqvht `vi“m mvjvg, 2000/1421), nv/1230; †Ìe›` Qvcvt AvQvnûj gvZ¡v‡eÕ, 1986), 1g LÊ, c„t 207, ÔgmwR` I Qvjv‡Zi RvqMv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq; wgkKvZ nv/710, c„t 69; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 2/219 c„t, nv/658; ÔgmwR` I Qvjv‡Zi ’vb mg~nÕ Aby‡”Q`|

gyQj−x Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ mviv¶YB †h gybvRvZ K‡i Ges cy‡iv QvjvZUvB †h Zvi Rb¨ gybvRvZ Zv DcwiD³ nv`xQ¸‡jv †_‡K cwi®‹vi dz‡U D‡V‡Q| GUvI ¯úó n‡q‡Q †h, gyQj−x hLb QvjvZ †kl K‡i ZLb Zvi gybvRvZI †kl n‡q hvq| gyQj−x Qvjv‡Zi gv‡S Avj−vni mv‡_ wKfv‡e gybvRvZ K‡i ZvI nv`x‡Q Kz mx‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-

��4(*� �7�� 7�8�9 �� :�#6�;�*�< �+ =�> )� ?�# 6�@ �+ =��< A�� =�� (�)*� �B -�C�� 1��;�� +- $�D�*� �7�� < :�# 6�@ ��#�-�$ ��4(*� �7�� + =�-�*��;.*� EF�� 4(�* �# -�G.*�� # 6�;.*� �7��

�@ ��.HI�% 1��;�� 4(*� �7�� =�$�D*� ��#�J� �7�� + �E#*� �� K�� L�*�� 7�� < :�# 6�@ ��( �� :�# 6�;�*�< ?�# 6�@ �+ =��< A�� =�� MN �7�� + =�;�O C� �P��< �#�6 ;� �P�� 7�� < :�# 6�@

�Q��D�� =�R�O C�-.*� �Q��DE)*� ��# N�� 7�� 7�8�9 �D� =�S �T =��(�@ �B� -�; �% �+ ��M&*� �7�8�9 �� :�# 6�;�*�< :�# 6�;�* ��MN �7�� + =0*��U*� ��*�< �T =�(�@ �FK�U V�-.*�.

ÔAvj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Avwg QvjvZ‡K Avgvi gv‡S I Avgvi ev›`vi gv‡S `yB fv‡M fvM K‡iwQ| Avgvi ev›`vi Rb¨ †mB Ask hv †m PvB‡e| ev›`v hLb e‡j, ÔAvj-nvg`ywjj−v-wn ivweŸj ÔAvjvgxbÕ (mg — cÖksmv Avj−vni Rb¨ whwb RMr mg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK)| ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, Avgvi ev›`v Avgvi cÖksmv Kij| ev›`v hLb e‡j, ÔAvi-ingv-wbi inxgÕ (whwb Ki“Yvgq cig `qvjy)| ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, ev›`v Avgvi ¸YMvb Kij| ev›`v hLb e‡j, Ôgv-wjwK BqvIwgÏxbÕ (whwb wePvi wè‡mi gvwjK) ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, Avgvi ev›`v Avgv‡K m¤§vb cÖ k©b Kij| ev›`v hLb e‡j, Bq¨v-KvbvÔey y Iqv Bq¨v-KvbvmZvCb (Avgiv †Kej AvcbviB Bev`Z Kwi Ges Avcbvi wbKUB mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv Kwi)| ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, GUv Avgvi I Avgvi ev›`vi gv‡S AvavAvwa fvM (A_©vr Bev`Z Avgvi Rb¨ Avi cÖv_©bv Zvi Rb¨) Ges Avgvi ev›`vi Rb¨ †mB Ask i‡q‡Q hv †m PvB‡e| hLb ev›`v e‡j, ÔBnw`bvQ wQivZ¡vj gy —vK¡xg, wQiv-Z¡j−vhxbv AvbÔAvgZv Avjvqwng MvBwij gvMh~we Avjvqwng Iqvjvh hv-j−xb (Avcwb Avgv‡ì mij c_ cÖ k©b Ki“b| Zv‡ì c_ hv‡ì Dci Avcwb ing K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡ì c_ bq hviv Awfkß Ges c_åó)| ZLb Avj−vn e‡jb, Avgvi ev›`v hv †P‡q‡Q Zv Zvi Rb¨Õ|6 (Avgxb) AZGe, gybvRvZ ev Avj−vni Kv‡Q we‡klfv‡e cÖv_©bv Kivi me©‡kªô ’vb nÕj QvjvZ (evK¡vivn 45)| Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci gybvRv‡Zi Aw —Z¡ kixÔAv‡Z †bB| DcwiD³ Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv Zv-B cÖgvwYZ nq|

6. Qnxn gymwjg nv/878, 1/169; wgkKvZ nv/823, c„t 78; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 2/272 c„t, nv/766|

7 8

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ gybvRvZ Kivi ’vb mg~nt Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ cÖvq mvZwU ’v‡b `yÔAv ev gybvRvZ Kivi K_v nv`x‡Q ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wb‡gœ †m¸‡jv avivevwnKfv‡e Zz‡j aiv nÕj|7 (GK) ZvKex‡i Zvnixgvi ci nÔ‡Z i“K‚i c~e© ch©š— gybvRvZt ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Rvqbvgv‡h ùvwo‡q †Kvb `yÔAv co‡Zb bv Ges gy‡L wbqZ ej‡Zb bv| ZvB Rvqbvgv‡hi Kw_Z `yÔAv cov Ges wbqZ ejv we`ÔAvZ| ivm~j (Qvt) g‡b g‡b msKí K‡i ZvKex‡i Zvnixgv e‡j `yÕnvZ ey‡Ki Dci †eu‡a wb‡gœi `yÔAv co‡Zb|

(1) Avey ûivqivn (ivt) ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ZvKex‡i Zvnixgv euvavi ci GKUz Pzc _vKvi KviY wR‡Ám Ki‡j wZwb e‡jb, Avwg ewjt

WX �+ =��< �� =�� #�@�� T4(*�� T4(*�� F�D V�-.*��< �Y�D Z�-.*� �+ =�� [ #�@�� -�" �:��\�] �:��\�] . �C.S� � �T4(*�� _��#*� �+� � �= �8.*� �F K&a*� �&R�� -�" ��\�b.*� �+� ��0R�

�3�D�6.*��< �c.(&a*��< �d��-.*��. D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ev-ÔB` evqbx Iqv evqbv LZ¡-Bqv-Bqv Kvgv ev-ÔAvËv evqbvj gvk&wiwK¡ Iqvj gvMwie| Avj−-û¤§v bvK¡wK¡bx wgbvj LZ¡v-Bqv Kvgv BqybvK¡K¡vQ QvIeyj Ave&Bqvhy wgbv` `vbvm| Avj−-û¤§vM&wmj LZ¡v-Bqv-Bqv wejgv-wq IqvQ QvjwR Iqvj eviv`|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avgvi I Avgvi cvc mg~‡ni g‡a¨ `~iZ¡ m„wó K‡i w`b, †hiƒc Avcwb `~iZ¡ m„wó K‡i‡Qb c~e© I cwð‡gi g‡a¨| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K Avgvi cvcmg~n nÕ‡Z cwi”Qbœ Ki“b, †hiƒc gqjv †_‡K cwi”Qbœ Kiv nq mv`v Kvco‡K| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgvi cvcmg~n †av‡q †djyb cvwb, eid I wkwki ØvivÕ|8

(2) ivm~j (Qvt) KL‡bv ej‡Zbt

eX f�+ =�"�D Z�-.*� �+� ��% ��< ��> =��$ �g �8.*��< �[��K-�C*� �D�\�� :�M&(�* ��T ��< �B T��<�L�*�M��< ��* �L ��D�h �i �+ =�-�*��;.*� EF�� &(�* ��-��< �:��= G��< ��j�C��< �� &'�

7. Bgvg Bebyj K¡vBwqg Avj-RvIwhqvn, Rv`yj gvÔAv` dx nv`xBwq LvBwij Bev` (êi“Zt gyÔAvmmvZyi wimvjvn, 30Zg cÖKvkt 1997/1417), 1/248-49|

8. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/812, c„t 77, ÔZvKex‡ii ci Kx ej‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`|

�(�-.*� �B �% � �T4(*�� f�+ =�-�( C�-.*� �+� ��%�< �[ D�!% �P�# 6�@ ��%�< �E�� B �% f�B �% &i� ��*�� i �L &i� �F K�kM�*� �D��> V�� i ��% �l; =�-�� K�!� ��* D�>.S�� 6 �M�� B.��D�O @��< ��C.>� �B -�(�m

�% &i� ��T��C $8�* :�# T�� i �Y�� ]�8.*� �+�C $�8�* ��# N��< �B �% ��T�nE=��9 �E��@ o�D ��< �B �_ =�* pD�Z*��< �L ��#�� k(!" �D =�b.*��< �L ��# ;�9�< �L =�6�* �B �% &i� ��T�nE=�9 �E��@ �o�D )�� i

�L =�*�� F K��%�< �P�D�> V�O 9�% �B =�*��;��< �B."��6�� L =�*��< �L�� % �L =�*��. D”PviYt IqvR&Rvn&Zz IqvR&wnB-qv wjj−vhx dvZ¡vim mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Avihv nvbxdvIu Iqvgv Avbv wgbvj gykwiKxbv| Bbœv Qvjv-Zx Iqv bymyKx Iqv gvnBqv-qv Iqv gvgv-Zx wjj−v-wn iweŸj ÔAvjv-gxb| jv kvixKvjvn~, Iqv wehv-wjKv DwgiZz Iqv Avbv wgbvj gymwjgxb| Avj−-û¤§v AvsZvj gvwjKz jv Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv| AvsZv ieŸx Iqv Avbv ÔAve&`yKv hjvgZz bvd&mx IqvÔZvid&Zz wehvg&ex dvM&wdi&jx hyb~ex RvgxÔAv| Bbœvn~ jv BqvMwdi“h hyb~ev Bj−v AvsZv| Iqvn&w`bx wj Avnmvwbj AvLjv-K¡, jv Bqvn&`x wjAvn&mvwbnv Bj−v AvsZv| IqvQ&wid& ÔAvbœx mvBwqAvnv jv BqvQ&widz Avbœx mvBwqAvnv Bj−v AvsZv| jveŸvqKv Iqv mvÔ`vqKv Iqvj Lvqi“ Kzj−yn~ weBqv`vqK, Iqvk&kvii“ jvBmv BjvqKv Avbv-weKv Iqv BjvqKv, Zvev-ivK&Zv Iqv Zv-ÔAvjvBZv Avm&ZvMwdi“Kv Iqv AvZ‚ey BjvqKv|

A_©t ÔAvwg Avgvi gyLgÊj wdivw”Q Zuvi w`‡K, whwb Avmgvb I hgxbmg~n m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Avwg gykwiK‡ì Aš—fy©³ bB| wbðqB Avgvi QvjvZ, Avgvi Kzievbx, Avgvi Rxeb, Avgvi giY meB Avj−vn&i Rb¨| Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB| Avi G Rb¨B Avwg Avw`ó n‡qwQ Ges Avwg gymwjg‡ì Aš—fy©³| †n Avj−vn! AvcwbB ev`kvn, Avcwb e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| Avcwb Avgvi cÖfy&, Avi Avwg Avcbvi ev›`v| Avwg Avgvi Dci hyjyg K‡iwQ| ZvB Avwg Avgvi Aciva ¯xKvi KiwQ| myZivs Avcwb Avgvi mg — Aciva ¶gv K‡i w`b| wbðqB Avcwb e¨ZxZ Avi †KD Aciva ¶gv Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avgv‡K PvwjZ Ki“b DËg Pwi‡Îi c‡_, Avcwb e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †KD DËg Pwi‡Îi c‡_ PvwjZ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Avcwb Avgvi †_‡K g›` Kg©‡K `~‡i ivLyb, Avcwb e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †KD Avgv‡K Dnv nÕ‡Z `~‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i bv| †n Avj−vn! Avwg Dcw ’Z AvwQ Avcbvi wbK‡U Ges cÖ ‘Z AvwQ Avcbvi Av‡`k cvj‡b| Kj¨vY mg —B Avcbvi nv‡Z Ges AKj¨vY Avcbvi Dci eZ©vq bv| Avwg Avcbvi mvnv‡h¨B cÖwZwôZ AvwQ Ges Avcbvi wbKUB cÖZ¨veZ©b Kie| Avcwb g½jgq, myD”P| Avwg Avcbvi wbK‡U ¶gv wf¶v KiwQ Ges Avcbvi w`‡K wd‡i hvw”QÕ|9

9. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/813, c„t 77|

9 10

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ (3) ivm~j (Qvt) iv‡Zi Qvjv‡Z ZvKex‡i Zvnixgvi ci ej‡Zbt

qX *� �L��G 6�9 �D�6."% rs� �P�D =�S ��*� �i�< �Pp#�� *��;��< �L�- 9� �P��6��< �P�# -�G��< � �T4(��a.>��< ��b.>��< 2�t -�N +� � =��D*� �'��\ =�Z*� �+� � =�(�;.*� �u =�-�C*� �s�� !� K�@�% �lD =�6�".

D”PviYt mye&nv-bvKv Avj−-û¤§v Iqv wenvg&w`Kv Iqv Zvev-ivKvm&gyKv Iqv ZvÔAv-jv RvÏyKv, jv Bjv-nv MBi“Kv| Avj−-û AvKevi Kvexiv| AvEhywej−vwnm mvgxwqj ÔAvjxg wgbvk kvqZ¡-wbi ivRxg, wgb nvgwhnx Iqv bvdwLnx Iqv bvdwQnx|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! cÖksmv mnKv‡i Avcbvi cweÎZv eY©bv KiwQ| Avcbvi bvg g½jgq nDK, Avcbvi bvg myD”P nDK| Avcwb e¨ZxZ cÖK…Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| Avj−vn gnvb| Avwg Avj−vni wbKU weZvwoZ kqZvb nÕ‡Z, Zvi Kzgš¿Yv I duyK †Ìqv nÕ†Z cwiÎvY Pvw”Q, whwb me©‡kªvZv me©ÁÕ|10

(4) Zvnv¾y‡` ùvwo‡q ZvKex‡i Zvnixgvi ci co‡Zbt

vX �B �% �# -�G.*� �L�*�< �+�T =�� +��< �g ��8.*��< �[��K�-�C*� � E=�� B �% �# -�G.*� �L�* � �T4(*�� g ��8�.*��< �[��K-�C*� �L�(� �B �% �# -�G.*� �L�*�< �+�T =�� +��< �g ��8.*��< �[��K-�C*� �� K�

.*� �B �% �# -�G.*� �L�*�< �+�T =�� +��< w5��$ �L!* K��< w5�$ �L!x��R�*�< p5�G.*� �P�# @�<�< p5�G �L��* � ��T4(*�� w5�$ !y�@��C*��< w5�$ z#�-�G��< w5�$ �' Kp=�6��*��< w5�$ ��*��< w5�$ !y��J.*��<

��] �L��< �B 6��% �L =�*��< �B.(&"�K�� L =�(�@�< �B ��{ �L��< �B -�( 9�% �L� =�*��< �B - �B� �% ��< �B ��( @�% ��< �[ ��D 9�% ��< �[ D�]�% ��< �B �#�� * D�>.S�� B -�"��$

�P�D =�S ��*�� i�< �B �% &i� ��*�� i �DE]�,�-.*� �B �%�< ��E#�R�-.*� �B �% �E�� ( @�%. D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v jvKvj nvg`y, AvsZv K¡Bwqgym mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Aviwh, Iqvgvs dxwnbœv| Iqv jvKvj nvg&`y AvsZv b~i“m mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Aviwh, Iqvgvs dxwnbœv| IqvjvKvj nvg&`y AvsZv gvwjKzm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Aviwh, Iqvgvs dxwnbœv| IqvjvKvj nvg&`y AvsZvj nvK¡K¡z, Iqv IqvÔ`yKvj nvK¡K¡y Iqv wjK¡v-DKv nvK¡Kzb Iqv K¡vIjyKv nvK¡Kzb, Iqvj RvbœvZz nvK¡Kzb, Iqvb bv-i“ nvK¡Kzb, Iqvb bvweq~ bv nvK¡Kzb, Iqv gynv¤§v`yb nvK¡Kzb, Iqvm mv-ÔAvZz nvK¡Kzb| Avj−v-û¤§v jvKv AvmjvgZz IqvweKv Av-gvsZz Iqv ÔAvjvqKv ZvIqvKKvjZz, Iqv

10. gynv¤§v` bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx, Qnxn mybvby Avey`vE` (wiqvht gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, cÖ_g cÖKvkt 1998/1419), 1/221, nv/775, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-122; wZiwghx nv/242; mb` Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/1217, c„t 108; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 2/115 c„t, nv/149|

BjvqKv Av-bveZz IqvweKv Lv-QvgZz Iqv BjvqKv nv-KvgZy| dvMwdijx gv K¡ÏvgZz Iqvgv AvL&LviZz Iqvgv AvmiviZz Iqvgv AvÔjvsZz Iqvgv AvsZv AvÔjvgy wenx wgbœx| AvsZvj gyK¡vwÏgy, Iqv AvsZvj gyAvLwLi“, jv Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv Iqv jv Bjv-nv Mqi“Kv|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! mg — cÖksmv GKgvÎ Avcbvi Rb¨B| Avmgvb, hgxb Ges Gi ga¨w ’Z hv wKQy Av‡Q mewKQyiB AwaKZ©v Avcwb | cÖksmv gvÎB Avcbvi| Avmgvb, hgxb Ges Gi ga¨w ’Z hv wKQy Av‡Q, Avcwb mewKQyi †R¨vwZ| (†n Avj−vn!) cÖksmv gvÎB Avcbvi Rb¨| Avmgvb, hgxb Ges Df‡qi ga¨w ’Z hv wKQy Av‡Q Avcwb H m‡ei cÖwZcvjK| (†n Avj−vn!) cÖksmv gvÎB Avcbvi| Avmgvb I hgx‡bi ivRZ¡ Avcbvi| mKj ¸Yv¸Y Avcbvi | Avcwb mZ¨, Avcbvi A½xKvi mZ¨, Avcbvi evYx mZ¨, Avcbvi mv¶vr jvf mZ¨, RvbœvZ mZ¨, Rvnvbœvg mZ¨, bexMY mZ¨, gynv¤§v` (Qvt) mZ¨ Ges wK¡qvgZ mZ¨| †n Avj−vn! Avcbvi wbK‡U AvZ¥mgc©Y Kijvg, AvcbviB Dci wbf©ikxj nÕjvg, Avcbvi Dci `„p wek¦vm ’vcb Kijvg, Avcbvi w`‡K cÖZ¨veZ©b Kijvg, AvcbviB mvnv‡hï cÖZ¨vkvq kÎ“i wei“‡× hy‡× cÖe„Ë nÕjvg Ges Avcbv‡KB wePviK wba©viY Kijvg| AZGe Avgvi c~‡e©i I c‡ii †Mvcb Ges cÖKvk¨ cvc mg~n gvd K‡i w`b| Avcwb e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÔe~ †bBÕ|11

(5) iv‡Zi Qvjv‡Z KL‡bv KL‡bv ivm~j (Qvt) wb‡gœi `yÔAvwUI co‡Zb,

|X �} =�V.*� � �*��@ �g �8.*�< �[��<��-�C*� �D�~�� =��D 9��< � =�x��j��< � ��D 6�� F�� T4(*�� (�O ]� ��-�* ��# N� �' K!>�(�O b�� =�� K��" ��- =�� P�3��6�@ �+ =�� !j G�� B % ��3��T�Z*��<

�L�� L�.�� E5�G.*� �+� �� =�� =�R�O Cp �Q��D�� 1� rd��Z�� +� :�# T�� . D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ieŸv wReixjv Iqv wgKv-Cjv Iqv Bmiv-dxjv dv-wZ¡ivm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Aviwh, ÔAv-wjgvj MvBwe Iqvk kvnv-`vwZ| AvsZv ZvnKzgy evqbv Bev-w`Kv dxgv Kv-b~ dxwn BqvLZvwjd‚bv| Bnw`bx wjgvLZzwjdv dxwn wgbvj nvw° weBhwbKv| BbœvKv Zvn`x gvs Zvkv-D Bjv wQiv-wZ¡g gy —vK¡xg|

A_©t †n wReixj, wgKvCj I Bmivdx‡ji Avj−vn! whwb Avmgvb-hgx‡bi mªóv Ges `„k¨-A`„k¨ m¤ú‡K© me©Á| Avcbvi ev›`vi gv‡S Avcwb dvqmvjv Ki‡eb, Zviv †h wel‡q gZ‡f` Ki‡Q| Avcbvi B”Qvq Avgv‡K mwVK c_cÖ k©b Ki“b Zviv †h wel‡q gZ‡f` Ki‡Q †m m¤ú‡K©| wbðqB Avcwb hv‡K B”Qv mij c_cÖ k©b K‡ib|12

11. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/1211, c„t 107; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 2/112 c„t, nv/1143| 12. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1212, c„t 108; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 2/113 c„t, nv/1144|

11 12

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ (6) Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q ivm~j (Qvt) ivwÎi Qvjv‡Z ej‡Zb,

�X ��* �L ��D�h ��* �2�# $�< rs� �&*� ��*�� * , �� =�h 0 !" A(�@ �K�N�< �# -�G.*� ��*�< �L.(�-.*� ��* ��*�< �D�6."% rs��< rs� �&*� ��*� ��*�< ��4(�* �# -�G.*��< �s� �'��G 6�9�< zD ��#�� &*� ��K!� ��*�< �7 K�$

�s��. D”PviYt jv Bjv-nv Bj−vj−v-û Iqvn&`vn~ jv kvixKv jvn~, jvûj gyj&Kz Iqvjvûj nvg&`y Iqvûqv ÔAvjv Kzwj− kvBwqs K¡v`xi| Iqv myenv-bvj−vwn Iqvj nv`ywjj−v-wn Iqv jv Bjv-nv Bj−vj−v-û Iqvj−v-û AvKevi| Iqvjv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−vn| A_©t †bB †Kvb Bjvn Avj−vn e¨ZxZ, whwb GKK I kixKwenxb| ZuviB Rb¨ mKj ivRZ¡ I ZuviB Rb¨ hveZxq cÖksmv| wZwb mKj wKQyi Dc‡i ¶gZvkvjx| Avj−vn cweÎ Ges mKj cÖksmv ZuviB| wZwb Qvov cÖK„Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB, wZwb gnvb| Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb ¶gZv †bB, †Kvb kw³ †bBÔ|13

D³ `yÔAv covi c‡i m~iv dvwZnvmn Ab¨ m~iv ev AvqvZ cvV Ki‡e| (`yB) i“K‚Kvjxb gybvRvZt i“K~ Ae ’vq gyQj−x †ekx †ekx Avj−vn&i gnË¡ eY©bv Ki‡e | ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, �F�D�*� �� =�� K�-0��;�� K!"pD*� ��8�� Ôi“K‚‡Z †Zvgiv Avj−vni gnË¡ †NvlYv KiÕ|14 D‡j−L¨, i“K‚ I wmR`vq KziAv‡bi AvqvZ cov wbwl×|15 ivm~j (Qvt) i“K‚Kvjxb wb‡gœi `yÔAv¸‡jv co‡Zb-

W. ��* D�>.S� � �T(*� �P�# -�G��< �� T4(*� �L��G 6�9. (1) D”PviYt myenv-bvKv Avj−-û¤§v ieŸvbv Iqv wenvg&w`Kv Avj−-û¤§vM&wdijx| A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK! Avcbvi cÖksmvi mv‡_ Avcbvi cweÎZv †NvlYv KiwQ| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki“b!16

eX �� <pD*��< �y�j�x��-.*� pF�� z� <p#!� z� Kp6�9. (2) D”PviYt myeŸ~ûb KzÏ~myb ieŸyj gvjv-BKvwZ Iqvi-iƒn| A_©t Ô(Avj−vn) ¯xq mËvq cweÎ Ges ¸Yvejx‡ZI cweÎ, whwb †d‡ikZvKzj Ges wReixj (Avt)-Gi cÖwZcvjKÕ|17

13. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1213, c„t 108; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 3/113 c„t, nv/1145| 14. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/873; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 2/290 c„t, nv/813| 15. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/873| 16. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/871| 17. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ, c„t 82, nv/872|

qX �< :�D�)��< ��; -�9 �L�* �u�Z�] �B -�( 9�% �L�*�< �B ��{ �L��< �B ;�"�� L�* � �T4(*�� 6�)�@�< ��-.��@�< �Eb�.

(3) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v jvKv ivKvÔZz Iqv weKv Av-gvsZz Iqv jvKv AvmjvgZz, LkvÔAv jvKv mvgÔC Iqv evQvix Iqv gyLLx Iqv ÔAvhgx, Iqv ÔAvQvex|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi Rb¨B i“K‚ KiwQ, GKgvÎ Avcbvi cÖwZB Cgvb G‡bwQ| GKgvÎ Avcbvi Kv‡QB AvZ¥mgc©Y K‡iwQ| Avgvi KY©, P¶z, gw —®‹, nvo, mœvqy Avcbvi f‡q kª×vq webqvebZÕ|18

vX� =��;.*� ��E�� '��G 6�9 . (4) D”PviYt myenv-bv iweŸqvj ÔAvhxg| A_©t Ôgnv cweÎ Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, whwb gnvbÕ|19 GwU Kgc‡¶ wZbevi ej‡e, hv ûhvqdv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| †ekx ejvi †Kvb wbw`©ó msL¨v †bB|20 D‡j−L¨, wZbevi ejv msµvš— Beby gvmÔE` (ivt) nÕ‡Z †h nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv hCd|21 GQvov `kevi Zvmexn cov msµvš— †h eY©bv G‡m‡Q †mUvI hCd|22

|X�2�# -�G��< �s� �'��G 6�9 . (5) D”PviYt myenv-bvj−vwn Iqv wenvgw`nx| A_©t Ôgnv cweÎ Avj−vn Zvi cÖksmv mn cweÎZv eY©bv KiwQÕ | GwU Kgc‡¶ wZbevi ej‡e|23

�X�y�-.��;.*��< �d��D 6�j.*��< �[ K!j�(�-.*��< �[ <�D�6�J.*� :�� '��G 6�9 . (6) D”PviYt myenv-bv whj RveviƒwZ Iqvj gvjvK‚wZ Iqvj wKewiBqv-B Iqvj ÔAvhgvwZ| A_©t ÔZuviB cweÎZv eY©bv KiwQ whwb ¶gZv, ivR¨, eoZ¡ I gn‡Ë¡i AwaKvixÕ| D³ `yÔAv wmR`v‡ZI ejv hv‡e|24

18. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/813, c„t 77, ÔZvKex‡i Zvnixgvi c‡i Kx ej‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`| 19. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/883, Avjevbx, Qnxn mybvby wZiwghx (wiqvht gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, Zvwe),

nv/262, c„t 75; wgkKvZ nv/881| 20. Avjevbx, Qnxn mybvby Be‡b gvRvn (wiqvht gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 1997/1417), 1/268,

nv/888, Ôi“K‚ I wmR`vq Zvmexn covÕ Aby‡”Q`; Avjevbx, Qnxn mybvby bvmvC (wiqvht gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 1998/1419), 1/367, nv/1132, mb` Qnxn; gynv¤§v` bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx, BiIqvDj Mvjxj dx ZvLixwR Avnv`xwQ gvbvwim mvexj (ˆei“Zt Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, 2q cÖKvk, 1985/1405), 2/39, nv/333|

21. hCd Beby gvRvn nv/890; hCd wZiwghx nv/261; hCd Avey`vE` nv/886| 22. hCd Avey`vE` nv/888; wgkKvZ nv/883| 23. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/885| 24. Qnxn bvmvC nv/1049 I 1132; wgkKvZ nv/882, Ôi“K‚Õ Aby‡”Q`|

13 14

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ (wZb) i“K‚ nÕ‡Z DVvi ci gybvRvZt i“K‚ nÕ†Z D‡V ivdÔDj Bqv`v‡qb K‡i gyQj−x Avj−vn&i cÖksmv I ¸YMvb eY©bv Ki‡e| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) i“K~i ci wb‡gœi `yÔAv¸‡jv co‡Zbt

W .2�#�-�$ +�-�* rs� �u�-�9. (1) D”PviYt mvwgÔAvj−-û wjgvb nvwg`vn| A_©t ÔAvj−vn †kv‡bb Zvi K_v, †h Zvui cÖksmv K‡iÕ|25

e .�# -�G.*� �L�* �� T4(*�� . (2) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ieŸvbv jvKvj nvg&`| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcbvi Rb¨B hveZxq cÖksmvÕ | ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ôhvi GB K_v †d‡ikZv‡ì K_vi mv‡_ wg‡j hv‡e Zvi c~‡e©i mKj cvc Avj−vn ¶gv K‡i w`‡ebÕ|26

qX�� =�� "��6p �l6E=�~ �lD =�a�" �l# -�$ �# -�G.*� �L�*�< �� . (3) D”PviYt ieŸvbv Iqv jvKvj nvg&`y, nvg`vb KvQxivb Z¡B‡qevg gyev-ivKvb dxwn| A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avcbvi Rb¨ AMwYZ cÖksmv, hv cweÎ I eiKZgqÕ|27

vX�� D�� p�� p}�G�� =�� "��6p �l6E=�~ �lD =�a�" �l# -�$ �# -�G.*� �L�*�< �� . (4) D”PviYt ieŸvbv Iqv jvKvj nvg&`y nvg`vb KvQxivb Z¡vB‡qevg gyev-ivKvb dxwn| BDwneŸy ieŸybv Bqvihv| A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avcbvi Rb¨ AMwYZ cÖksmv, hv cweÎ I eiKZgq, hv Avgv‡ì ie mš‘ówP‡Ë cm›` K‡ibÕ|28

|X�g �8.*� Id. ��< �[�K�-�C*� Id. � �# -�G.*� �L�* �� T4(*�� # ;�� d ��h +� �B.n�h �� Id. ��< . (5) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ieŸvbv jvKvj nvg& y, wgj&Avm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqv wgj&Avj Aviwh Iqv wgj&Av gv wkÕZv wgs kvBwqg evÔ y| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! AvcbviB hveZxq cÖksmv, hv Avmgvb-hgxb cwic~Y© Ges Avcwb hv Pvb Zv cwic~Y©©Õ|29

25. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/870| 26. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/874, 75, 76| 27. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/877| 28. gv‡jK gyIqvË¡v, gynv¤§v` bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx, wQdvZz QvjvwZb bvex (Qvt) wgbvZ ZvKexwi BjvZ

Zvmjxg KvAvbœvKv Zvivû (wiqvht gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 1991/1411), c„t 138| 29. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/875|

�X �� =��h +� �B.n�h �� 8.(��< �g ��8.*� �8.(��< �[��K-�C*� �8.(� �# -�G.*� �L�* �� T4(*�� -�* �u�� i � �T4(*�� z# 6�@ �L�* ��k(!"�< �# 6�;.*� �7�� p5�$�% �# J�-.*��< �d��&a*� � N�% �# ;��

� ��-�* ��\ ;� �i�< �B =�\ @%p#�J.*� �L �� E#�J.*� �� u�> �� i�< �B ;��. (6) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ieŸvbv jvKvj nvg&`y, wgj&Avm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqv wgj&Avj Aviwh Iqv wgj&Av gv wkÕZv wgs kvBwqg evÔ`y| Avn&jvQ Qvbv-wq Iqvj gvR&w`, Avnv°z gv K¡-jvj ÔAve&`y Iqv Kzj−ybv jvKv ÔAve`yb| Avj−-û¤§v jv gv-wbÔAv wjgv AvÔZ¡qZv Iqvjv gyÔwZ¡qv wjgv gvbvÔZv Iqvjv BqvsdvD hvj RvwÏ wgsKvj RvÏy|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcbvi hveZxq cÖksmv, hv Avmgvb-hgxb cwic~Y© Ges Avcwb hv Pvb Zv cwic~Y©©| †n cÖksmv I gh©v`vi AwaKvix! gvbyl hv e‡j Avcwb Zvi †P‡q AwaK Dc‡hvMx| Avgiv mK‡jB Avcbvi ev›`v| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb hv cª vb Ki‡eb, Zv‡Z evav †Ìqvi †KD †bB| Avi Avcwb hv‡Z evav cÖ vb Ki‡eb, Zv cÖ v‡bi †KD †bB| †Kvb m¤ú`kvjxi m¤ú` Avcbvi kvw — nÕ‡Z i¶v Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, †h m¤úÌ Avcbvi wbKU †_‡K cÖvßÕ|30

(Pvi) wmR`v Ae ’vq gybvRvZt Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi wbKU cÖv_©bv Kivi m‡e©vËg ’vb nÕj wmR`v| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Id��@p#�*� � <�D�a."�8� z#��9 �K�N�< ��E�� +� �# 6�;.*� !' K!j�� F�D.��% Ôev›`v ZLbB me‡P‡q †ekx Avj−vn&i wbKUeZx© nq hLb †m wmR`v Ae ’vq _v‡K| myZivs †Zvgiv †mLv‡b †ekx †ekx `yÔAv KiÕ|31 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q wZwb e‡jb, ��%�< !j�* �F��J�O Cp� .'�% z+�-�R�� d��@p#*� �� <�#�T�O �� 3 K�JpC*� ÔwmR`vq mva¨gZ `yÔAv Kivi †Póv Ki| Avkv Kiv hvq †Zvgv‡ì `yÔAv Keyj Kiv n‡eÕ|32 D‡j−L¨, wmR`vq KziAv‡bi AvqvZ Qvov nv`x‡Q ewY©Z `yÔAv mg~n cvV Ki‡e| KviY wmR`vq KziAvb cvV Kiv wb‡la|33 ivm~j (Qvt) wmR`vq hvIqvi mgq Av‡M gvwU‡Z nvZ ivL‡Zb AZtci `yB nuvUz ivL‡Zb|34 Av‡M nuvUz ivLvi nv`xQwU hCd|35 wmR`v Ae ’vq ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) wb‡gœi `yÔAv¸‡jv co‡Zbt

30. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/876, Ôi“K‚Õ Aby‡”Q`| 31. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/894 ÔwmR`v I Zvi dhxjZÕ Aby‡”Q`| 32. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/873| 33. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/873| 34. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/840-41; Qnxn Beby Lyhvqgvn nv/627; `vivKzrbx, nv‡Kg, wgkKvZ nv/899;

dvrûj evix 2/291 c„t| 35. hCd Avey`vE` nv/838-39; wgkKvZ nv/898; Avjevbx nvwkqv wgkKvZ 1/282 c„t; BiIqvDj

Mvjxj nv/357; wmjwmjv hCdvn nv/929|

15 16


W. ��* D�>.S� � �T(*� �P�# -�G��< �� T(*� �L��G 6�9. (1) D”PviYt myenv-bvKv Avj−v-û¤§v ieŸvbv Iqv wenvg&w`Kv Avj−v-û¤§vM&wdijx| A_©t Ô†n Avgv‡`i cÖwZcvjK! Avcbvi cÖksmvi mv‡_ Avcbvi cweÎZv †NvlYv KiwQ| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki“b!36

eX�( @�8.*� ��E�� '��G 6�9. (2) D”PviYt myenv-bv iweŸBqvj AvÔjv| A_©t Ôgnv cweÎ Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, whwb m‡e©v”PÕ| GwU Kgc‡¶ wZbevi ej‡e, hv ûhvqdv (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| †ekx ejvi wbw`©ó †Kvb msL¨v †bB|37 D‡j−L¨, wZbevi ejv msµvš— Beby gvmÔE` (ivt) nÕ‡Z †h nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv hCd|38 GQvov `kevi Zvmexn cov msµvš— †h eY©bv G‡m‡Q †mUv hCd|39

qX�2�# -�G��< �s� �'��G 6�9 . (3) D”PviYt myenv-bvj−vwn Iqv wenvgw`nx| A_©t Ôgnv cweÎ Avj−vn, Zuvi cÖksmv mn cweÎZv eY©bv KiwQÕ | GwU Kgc‡¶ wZbevi ej‡e|40

vX ��R�(�] :�M�&(�* ��T ��< �#�J�9 �B -�( 9�% �L�*�< �B ��{ �L��< �[ #�J�9 �L�* � �T4(*�� P��6�� 2�D�)��< ��; -�9 �5�h�< �2��K��<�+ =�R�*��b.*� �+�C $�% rs�.

(4) D”PviYt Avj−-ûgy¥v jvKv mvRv`&Zz I weKv Av-gvsZz Iqv jvKv Avm&jvgZz| mvRv`v IqvR&wnqv wjj−vhx LvjvK¡vn~ Iqv QvIIqvivn~ Iqv kvK¡K¡v mvgÕAvû Iqv evQvivn~, Zvev-ivKvj−-û Avnmvbyj L-wjK¡xb|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi Rb¨ wmR`v KiwQ, Avcbvi cÖwZ Cgvb G‡bwQ, Avcbvi Rb¨ wb‡R‡K m‡c w`‡qwQ| Avgvi gyLgÊj wmR`vq AebZ n‡q‡Q †mB mËvi Rb¨, whwb Dnv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb, Dnvi AvK…wZ `vb K‡i‡Qb Ges Dnvi Kvb I †PvL Ly‡j w`‡q‡Qb| g½jgq Avj−vn †kªô m„wóKZ©vÕ|41

|X!" ��6 �� * D�>.S� � �T4(*��2�D�9�< ��O�=��@�< �2�D�]I{�< ��*�<�%�< ��&(��< ��&��3 ��&( .

36. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/871| 37. Qnxn Beby gvRvn nv/888, Ôi“K‚ I wmR`vq Zvmexn covÕ Aby‡”Q`; BiIqvDj Mvjxj nv/333| 38. hCd Beby gvRvn nv/890; hCd wZiwghx nv/261; hCd Avey`vE` nv/886| 39. hCd Avey`vE` nv/888; wgkKvZ nv/883| 40. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/ 885| 41. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/813, c„t 77|

(5) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vM&wdi&jx hvg&ex Kzj−vn~ w`K¡K¡vn~ Iqv Ryj−vn~ Iqv AvDIqvjvn~ Iqv Av-wLivn~ Iqv ÕAvjv-wbq¨vZvn~ Iqv wmi&ivû| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgvi †QvU-eo, c~‡e©i-c‡ii Ges cÖKvk¨-AcÖKvk¨ mg — ¸bvn gvd K‡i w`bÕ|42

�X �L�� !� K�@�%�< �L�O�� K!R�@ +� �L�O��;�-��< �L�\�b�9 +� �P��D�� !� K�@�% �E�� T4(*��L�C.>� ��(�@ �B =��.H% ��-�" �B �% �L =�(�@ �d��H ��) $!% �i �L ��.

(6) D”PviYt Avj-û¤§v Bbœx AvÕEhy wewihv-Kv wgb mvLvwZ¡Kv Iqvwe gyÔAv-dvwZKv wgb ÔDK‚evwZKv, Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgsKv jv-Dn&Qx Qvbv-Avb ÔAvjvqKv, AvsZv Kvgv AvQ&bvBZv ÔAvjv bvd&wmKv|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcbvi mš‘wói gva¨‡g Avcbvi Amš‘wó nÕ‡Z cwiÎvY Pvw”Q| Avi Avcbvi kvw — nÕ‡Z cwiÎvY PvB| Avcbvi cÖksmv K‡i †kl Kiv hvq bv| Avcwb †mB cÖksmvi †hvM¨ †hiƒc Avcwb wb‡RB K‡i‡QbÕ|43

�X�B ��( @�% ��< �[ ��D 9% �� * D�>.S� � �T4(*�� . D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vMwdijx gv AvmiviZz Iqvgv AvÔjvsZz| A_©t Ô‡n Avj−vn! Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki“b hv Avwg †Mvc‡b Ges cÖKv‡k¨ K‡iwQÕ|44

(cuvP) `yB wmR`vi ga¨Kvi gybvRvZt GB ’v‡b ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Aš—Zt 6wU welq Avj−vn&i wbKU PvB‡Zb| `ytLRbK nÕj AwaKvsk gvbylB wb‡gœi `yyÔAvwU c‡o bv|

��.�� < ��@�< ��# N��< �� D�6 ��< �� -�$ ��< ��* D�>.S� � �T&(*��. D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vMwdijx Iqvi nvgbx IqvR&eyibx Iqvnw`bx Iqv ÔAv-wdbx Iqvi hyK¡bx| A_©t †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki“b, Avgvi Dc‡i ing Ki“b, Avgvi Ae ’vi ms‡kvab Ki“b, Avgv‡K mrc_ cÖ k©b Ki“b, Avgv‡K my ’Zv `vb Ki“b Ges Avgv‡K iƒhx `vb Ki“bÕ|45 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q wZwb ej‡Zb, ��* D�>.S� EF�� * D�>.S� EF�� (iweŸMwdijx, iweŸMwdijx)| Ô†n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! Avcwb Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki“bÕ (`yBevi)|46

42. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/892, c„t 77| 43. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/893, c„t 78| 44. Qnxn bvmvC nv/1124, mb` Qnxn| 45. Avey`vE`, wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/900; Qnxn wZiwghx nv/233| 46. Qnxn bvmvC nv/1069, mb` Qnxn; Beby gvRvn, `v‡igx, mb` Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/901|

17 18

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ (Qq) †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ nÕ‡Z DVvi ci gybvRvZt wewfbœ mg‡q ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) dih Qvjv‡Zi †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ nÕ‡Z DVvi ci `yB nvZ Zz‡j gy³v`x‡ì wb‡q `yÔAv co‡Zb| wZwb KL‡bv cuvP Iqv³ Qvjv‡ZB GB Kzb~Z co‡Zb|47 GB `yÔAv‡K nv`x‡Qi cwifvlvq ÔKzb~‡Z bv‡hjvÕ ejv nq| gymwjg D¤§vn wec‡` AvcwZZ nÕ‡j wKsev Kv‡di‡ì c¶ †_‡K Avµvš— nÕ‡j gymwjg D¤§vni Rb¨ ingZ Avi Agymwjg Kv‡di-gykwiK‡ì Dci kvw — Kvgbv K‡i wZwb D³ `yÔAv Ki‡Zb| Qvjv‡Zi †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ †_‡K D‡V ÔmvwgÔAvj−-û wjgvb nvwg`vn&Õ ejvi ci nvZ Zz‡j Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvn co‡Z n‡e| G mgq gy³v`xMY Avgxb, Avgxb ej‡e|48 ivm~j (Qvt) Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvq †cÖ¶vcU Abyhvqx `yÔAv Ki‡Zb| GRb¨ wbw`©ó †Kvb `yÔAv ewY©Z nqwb| Z‡e nv`x‡Qi MÖš’mg~‡n wb‡gœi `yÔAv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| †hgb- Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvt

�T.*�t.*��< �T �t N�% � �T4(*�� F��t $�8.*� ��t N�% �F��C�G.*� �u ��D�9 �F��O�j.*� �7�t �� T4(*��X �7�t �� T4(*�� T =�(�@ �� D�) ��< �T �t N�% �F��t $�8.*� ��N�< �F��G�C*� �:�D J��< �F��O�j.*�X �#� =�*�K.*� �c �% � �T4(*�� y�; =�� % �+ � ��=�@ �c �% � �T4(*�� Z�N �+ � �y�-�(�9 �c �% � �T4(*� �# =�*�K.*� �+ �X �L��8.~�< 3�# h� � �T4(*��

�l��!��< �l��!� +�;.*� � �T4(*�� 9 K�� E��C�" �+ =��9 �T =�(�@ ��T.(�; ��< �D�U� �(�@ . D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v gyswSjvj wKZv-we, mvixÔAvj wnmv-we, Avn&wSwgj AvnSv-ev| Avj−-û¤§v Avn&wSg&-ûg Iqv Svj-wSjûg&| Avj−-û¤§v gyswSjvjwKZv-we, Iqv gyR&wiBqvm mvnvwe, Iqv nv-wSwgj-Avnhv-e, AvnwSgûg IqvsQyibv ÔAvjvqwng| Avj−-û¤§v AvswRj Iqvjx`ve&bvj Iqvjx`, Avj−-û¤§v AvswR mvjvgvZve&bv wnkv-g, Avj−-û¤§v AvswR ÔAvBqv-kve&bv Avex iexÔAvn| Avj−-û¤§vk&`y`& IqvZ¡AvZvKv ÔAvjv gyhviv, IqvRÔAvjnv ÔAvjvqwng wmbxbv Kv-wmwbqx BDmyd Avj−v-û¤§vjÔAvb dyjvbvb Iqv dzjvbv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! wKZve AeZxY©Kvix, `ª“Z wnmve MÖnYKvix| Avgv‡ì mv‡_ lohš¿Kvix `j‡K civ — Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡ì civ — Ki“b, Zv‡ì fxwZ cÖ k©b Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! wKZve AeZxY©Kvix, e„wó el©YKvix! lohš¿Kvix `j‡K civ —Kvix! Avcwb Zv‡ì civ — Ki“b, Zv‡ì wei“‡× Avgv‡ì‡K mvnvh¨ Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Iqvjx` Beby Iqvjx`‡K gy³ Ki“b, mvjvgv Be‡b wnkvg‡K gy³ Ki“b, AvBqvk Beby Avex ivweqv‡K gy³ Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! gyhvi es‡ki Dci Avcbvi kvw —‡K K‡Vvi Ki“b| Zv‡ì Dci `ywf©¶

47. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1443, mb` nvmvb, ÔQvjvZ mg~‡n Kzb~Z covÕ Aby‡”Q`, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq; wgkKvZ nv/1290|

48. Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/1290|

Pvwc‡q w`b, †hgb BDmyd (Avt)-Gi hy‡M Pvwc‡qwQ‡jb| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb AgyK Agy‡Ki Dci Awfm¤úvZ Ki“bÕ|49 Igi (ivt) dR‡ii Qvjv‡Z co‡Zb,

0*�%�< �[��-�( C�-.*��< �+ =�-�( C�-.*��< �[�� ,�-.*��< �+ =�� ,�-.(�*�< ��* D�>.S� � �T4(*�� T�� K�!(!� �+ =�� NE<�#�@�< �PE<�#�@ ��(�@ �N D�) ��< �T�� =�� [�� ( ��%�<X �+ ��M&*� �F��O�" � N�% +�;.*� � �T4(*��

�PId��=�* <�% �' K!(��R��< �L�(�9�� ' K��0M�j��< �L�( =�6�9 +�@ �' <p#�)��X �(�" �+ =�� *��] � �T4(*�� T�O�- + =��D J�-.*� �� K�R.*� �+�@ �2p3�D�� i :�M&*� �L�98�� T�� .7�t �%�< �T��#.��% .7�t.*��< .

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vM&wdi& jvbv Iqv wjj&-gyÕwgbxbv Iqvj gyÕwgbv-Z, Iqvj gymwjgxbv Iqvj-gymwjgv-Z, Iqv Avwj−d evqbv Kzj~wewng Iqv AvQwjn hvZv evqwbwng| IqvsQyiûg ÔAvjv Av`yeweKv Iqv Av`yewewng| Avj−-û¤§vjÔAvb Avn&jv wKZv-wej-jvhxbv BqvQyÏ~bv ÔAvb mvexwjKv Iqv BDKvhwhe~bv i“myjvK, Iqv BDK¡v-wZj~bv AvIwjqv-AvK| Avj−-û¤§v Lv-wjd& evqbv Kvwjgv-wZwng& Iqv Svj-wSj AvK¡-`v-gvûg, Iqv AvswSj wewng& evÕmvKvj−vhx jv-Zvi“`&`~û ÔAvwbj K¡vIwgj gyRwigxb| A_©t †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡ì ¶gv Ki“b, ¶gv Ki“b mKj gywgb I gymwjg bi-bvix‡K| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb gymwjg‡ì Aš—‡i åvZ…Z¡fve m„wó K‡i w`b Ges Zv‡ì gv‡S gxgvsmv K‡i w`b| †n Avj−vn! Avcbvi kÎ“ I gymwjg‡ì kÎ“i wei“‡× Avcwb gymwjg‡ì‡K mvnvh¨ Ki“b| H me Avn‡j wKZv‡ei Dci Awfkvc Ki“b, hviv Avcbvi c‡_ evav cÖ vb K‡i, Avcbvi ivm~j‡ì‡K A¯xKvi K‡i Ges Avcbvi Ijx‡ì mv‡_ hy× K‡i| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡ì cwiKíbv bm¨vr K‡i w`b, Zv‡ì cv Kuvwc‡q Zzjyb Ges Zv‡ì Dci Avcbvi Ggb kvw — el©Y Ki“b, hv Acivax m¤cÖ v‡qi Dci AeZiY Ki‡j †diZ †bb bvÕ|50 KL‡bv wZwb wb‡gœi `yÔAvwUI c‡o‡Qb-

�L��O�- $�� K�� D� �#�> G��< ��; C� �L =�*��< �#�J C��< �0(�)� �L�*< �#�6 ;� �P�� T4(*�� +� ,��< �L�� =�;�O C� �� T4(*�� fz5�G.(� �+ ��D��j.*�� #�J.*� �L��M�@ &'�� L��M�@ ��Z b��<

.a��< �L =�(�@ ! &"�K�O��< �L�� +�� u�( b��< �L�* �u�U b��< �P�D!>.j� �i�< �D =�b.*� �L =�(�@ ��L�( =�6�9 +�@ �' <p#�)�� + ��M&*� �F��O�j.*� � N�% ��D�>�" F0M�@ � �T4(*�� f�P�D!>.j�� .

49. Qnxn eyLvix nv/2932, 1/411 I nv/3989, 2/569; wgkKvZ nv/2426; evqnvK¡x 2/298c„t, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-296|

50. evqnvK¡x 2/210-211 c„t; mb` nvmvb, BiIqv 2/170|

19 20

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bq¨v-Kv bvÔey`y IqvjvKv byQj−x Iqv bvm&Ry`, Iqv BjvqKv bvm&AvÔ Iqv bvnwd`y| bvi&R~ in&gvZvKv, Iqv bvLkv-ÔAvhv-evKv, Bbœv-ÔAvhv-evKvj wRÏv wej Kvwdix-bv gyjwnK¡| Avj−-û¤§v Bbœv bv —vÔCbyKv Iqv byÕwgby weKv IqvbvZvIqv°vjy ÔAvjvBKv, IqvbyQbx ÔAvjvBKvj LvBiv| Iqvjv-bvK&dzi“Kv, Iqv bvLhvÔD jvKv Iqv bvLjvÔD gvB BqvKi“Kv| Avj−-û¤§v Avhwhe KvdvivZv Avnwjj wKZv-we, Avj−vhx-bv BqvQzÏ~bv ÔAvs mvex-wjKv|

A_©t Ô‡n Avj−vn! Avgiv GKgvÎ AvcbviB Bev`Z Kwi, Avcbvi Rb¨B QvjvZ Av`vq Kwi, Avcbvi Rb¨B wmR`v Kwi Ges Avcbvi wbKU wd‡i hvIqvi †Póv Kwi| Avcbvi ingZ cÖZ¨vkv Kwi Ges Avcbvi kvw —i fq Kwi| Kv‡di‡ì Dci Avcbvi kvw — Awc©Z †nvK| †n Avj−vn! wbðqB Avgiv Avcbvi wbKU mvnvh¨ PvB| Avcbvi Dci wek¦vm ivwL, Avcbvi DciB fimv Kwi| Avcbvi Kj¨v‡Yi cÖksmv Kwi Ges Avgiv Avcbvi Kzdzix Kwi bv| Avcbvi D‡Ï‡k¨ Avgiv webqvebZ Ges †h Avcbvi Kzdzix K‡i Zvi mv‡_ Avgiv m¤úK© wQbœ Kwi| †n Avj−vn! Avn‡j wKZve‡ì‡K kvw — `vb Ki“b, hviv A¯xKvi K‡i Ges Avcbvi c‡_ evav m„wó K‡iÕ|51

D³ `yÔAvi b¨vq eZ©gv‡bI wbw`©ó e¨w³ I m¤cÖ v‡qi bvg D‡j−L K‡i `yÔAv Kiv hv‡e| gymwjg D¤§vni mvwe©K Kj¨v‡Yi Rb¨ GB ’v‡b KziAvb-nv`x‡Q ewY©Z Ab¨vb¨ `yÔAvI cov hv‡e|

Kzb~‡Z ivwZev ev weZi-Gi Kzb~Zt Kzb~‡Z weZi g~jZ weZi Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨| i“K‚i Av‡M ev c‡i `yB ’v‡bB nvZ Zz‡j cov hvq| weZi QvjvZ hLb RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ co‡e †hgb ivgvhvb gv‡m cov nq, ZLb Bgvg `yÔAv co‡eb Avi gy³v`xMY Avgxg Avgxb ej‡eb| †hgb Kb~‡Z bv‡hjvq cov nq|52 ivm~j (Qvt) nvmvb Beby Avjx (ivt)-†K weZ‡ii wb‡gœv³ `yÔAv wk¶v w`‡qwQ‡jbt

��* P��< �B =&* K�� +�- =�� &*�K��< �B =��@ +�- =�� @�< �B ��#�N +�- =�� # N� � �T4(*�� +� k7�M�� i �� L =�(�@ ��U.R�� i�< ��U.R�� L�� B =�U�� D�h ��< �B =�\ @�% ��- =��

�B =�*��< �B =�*��;��< �� B."��6�� B ��3��@ +� pt�;�� i�< )E��6��*� ��(�@ ��&(*� �&(��<.(

51. gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqev 2/213 c„t; mb` Qnxn, BiIqvDj Mvjxj nv/428, 2/171 c„t; wQdvZz QvjvwZb bex, c„t 178|

52. Qnxn Beby Lyhvqgvn nv/1097; Avjevbx, wQdvZz QvjvwZb bex, c„t 180; dvZvIqv AviKvwbj Bmjvg, c„t 350-351, drIqv bs-277|

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vn&w`bx dxgvbnv`vBZ, Iqv ÔAv-wdbx dxgvb ÔAv-dvBZ, Iqv ZvIqvj−vbx dxgvs ZvIqvj−vBZ, Iqv ev-wiKjx dxgv AvÔZ¡BZ, IqvwK¡bx kvi&iv gv K¡hvBZ| dvBbœvKv ZvK¡hx Iqvjv BDK¡hv ÔAvjvBK, Bbœvn~ jv Bqvwhj−y gvIu IvjvBZ, Iqvjv BqvÔBSSzg gvb ÔAv-`vqZ, Zvev-iKZv ieŸvbv IqvZvÔAv-jvqZ (Iqv Qvj−vj−-ny ÔAvjvbœvweBwq)|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K †n`vqvZ `vb Ki“b, hv‡ì Avcwb †n`vqvZ K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì mv‡_| Avgv‡K gvd K‡i w`b, hv‡ì gvd K‡i‡Qb Zv‡ì mv‡_| Avgvi AwffveK nb, hv‡ì AwffveK n‡q‡Qb Zv‡ì mv‡_| Avcwb hv Avgv‡K `vb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z eiKZ w`b| Avi Avgv‡K H Awbó nÕ‡Z euvPvb, hv Avcwb wba©viY K‡i‡Qb| AvcwbB dvqQvjv K‡i _v‡Kb, Avcbvi Dc‡i †KD dvqQvjv Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| wbðqB Acgvb nqbv †mB e¨w³, hv‡K Avcwb wgÎ wnmv‡e MÖnY K‡i‡Qb| Avcwb hvi mv‡_ kÎ“Zv iv‡Lb, †m m¤§vb jvf Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| †n Avgv‡ì ie! Avcwb eiKZgq, Avcwb myD”PÕ| (bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi Dci ingZ AeZxY© nDK)|53 D‡j−L¨, Kzb~‡Z weZi covi ci ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Dci ìƒ` Ges we‡k¦i mKj gymwjg fvB‡qi RbÏ `yÔAv Kiv hvq| we‡kl K‡i hLb RvgvÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ cov nq, †hgb ivgvhvb gv‡m|54

(mvZ) †kl Zvkvn&û‡` e‡m mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c~e© ch©š— gybvRvZt DcwiD³ ’vb mg~‡n gybvRvZ Kivi ci Qvjv‡Zi †kl gyn~‡Z© Zvkvnû` I ìƒ` covi ciI gybvRvZ Kivi wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| eis `yÔAv Kivi Rb¨ †Rvi ZvKx` †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| GB ’v‡b KziAvb-nv`x‡Q ewY©Z †h -†Kvb `yÔAv cov hvq| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, K�@ #��=�� =�*�� 6�J @�% �d��@p#*� �+� D�=�b�O�=�* � !H A_©vr ÔZvkvnû‡` e‡m gyQj−x †hb Zvi hv cÖ‡qvRb †mB Abyhvqx `yÔAv K‡iÕ|55 Bgvg eyLvix (int) G g‡g© wk‡ivbvg w`‡q‡Qb †h, #�;� d�@#�*� + �bO� � F��}��K� _=*< #TZO*� ÔZvkvnû‡ì ci hv B”Qv `yÔAv Kiv| Z‡e Avek¨K bqÕ| GQvov Ab¨ wk‡ivbv‡g G‡m‡Q, ��C*� ^6� d�@#*� Ômvjv‡gi c~‡e© `yÔAvÕ| D³ Aby‡”Q‡` gv Av‡qkv (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ `yÔAv Ki‡Zb| )�'��" � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� s� �7 K�9�� &'% ��(�)*� �� K�@ #��( Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q, Id��h �� d��@p#*� �+� D�=�b�O�=�* � !H A_©vr 53. Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/1425, mb` Qnxn; Qnxn wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/1273, c„t 112, mb` Qnxn| 54. Avjevbx, wK¡qvgy ivgvhvb, c„t 31| 55. Qnxn eyLvix nv/835, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-150, 1/115 c„t; Qnxn gymwjg nv/897-900, 1/173 c„t|

21 22

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ ÔZvkvnû‡` e‡m gyQj−x †hb Zvi B”Qvbyhvqx `yÔAv K‡iÕ|56 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,

� ��]�3 �� z#��@�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� s� !7 K�9�� =�� 7�� # =�6�@ �+ � �y�*��U�� +�@� �� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� !7 K�9�� 7��R�� -�$ ��< ��* D�>.S� � �T4(*�� 7��R�� &(�)��

� !H ��(�@ 0 ��< ��!( N% �K�N ��-�� Is� �#�- $�� [ #�;�R�� B =&(�� &(�)�-.*� ��Tp�% B�(�J�@ { � �� &(�� !H �7�� @ 3� rs� �4(�� E��6��*� ��(�@ �&(��< Is� �#�-�G�� L�*� �# ;�� D�]

}�J�� 3!� �0(�)�-.*� ��Tp�% � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� p��6��*� ��* �7��R�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@. dvhvjvn Beby DevB` (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) GK`v (gmwR‡`) e‡mwQ‡jb, Ggb mgq GK e¨w³ cÖ‡ek Kij Ges QvjvZ Av`vq Kij| AZtci †m (`yÔAvq) ejj, †n Avj−vn! Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki“b Ges Avgvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †n gyQj−x! Zzwg `yÔAvq Zvovûov Ki‡j| hLb Zzwg QvjvZ †k‡l em‡e ZLb Av‡M Avj−vni cÖksmv Ki‡e †hgb wZwb †hvM¨| AZtci Avgvi cÖwZ ìƒ` co‡e, Zvici `yÔAv Ki‡e| dvhvjvn e‡jb, Gici Av‡iK e¨w³ QvjvZ coj| †m Avj−vni cÖksmv Kij Ges ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Dci ìƒ` coj| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †n gyQj−x! Zzwg Avj−vni Kv‡Q PvI †Zvgvi `yÔAv Keyj Kiv n‡eÕ|57 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,

�u�-��9 !7 K�!R�� &(��9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� s� �7 K�9�� }�$�� # =�6�@ �+ � �y�*��U�� +�@ �*�< ��*��;�� Is� �#EJ�-�� * ��(�� K�@ #�� (�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� s� !7 K�9��

=�(�@ rs� �4(�� E��6��*� ��(�@ 0 �)�� &(��9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� s� !7 K�9�� 7��R�� &(�9�< �� d��&a*��< �s� �# -�G�� .%�# 6�=.(�� !"�#�$�% �&(�� 2D =�V�* <�% ��* �7��R�� @�3 � !H ��M�N � �J�@

�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� E��6��*� ��(�@ 0 �)�=�* � !H �� =�(�@Id��h ��-�� # ;�� #�=�* � !H � &(. ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Qvnvex dvhvjv Beby DevB` (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) GK`v GK e¨w³‡K Qvjv‡Zi gv‡S `yÔAv Ki‡Z ïb‡jb| †m Avj−vni gnË¡ eY©bv K‡iwb Ges bexi cÖwZ ìƒÌ c‡owb| ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, GB e¨w³ Zvovûov Kij| AZtci Zv‡K ev Ab¨ KvD‡K †W‡K ej‡jb, ÔhLb †Zvgv‡ì †KD QvjvZ co‡e ZLb †hb †m cÖ_‡g Avj−vni cÖksmv K‡i Ges Zvi ¸Y eY©bv K‡i| AZtci bexi Dci ìƒ` c‡o| Zvici †m †hb Zvi B”Qvbyhvqx `yÔAv K‡iÕ|58

56. Qnxn eyLvix nv/6230, ÔAbygwZÕ Aa¨vq, 2/920 c„t; Qnxn gymwjg nv/897-900, 1/171 c„t| 57. mb` Qnxn, Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3476, 2/186; Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-65; Qnxn bvmvC

nv/1282; wgkKvZ nv/930, c„t 86| 58. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3477, 2/186 c„t, mb` Qnxn; Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1481|

AZGe Qvjv‡Zi †kl êV‡K Zvkvnû` I ìƒ` covi ci wb‡Ri hv cÖ‡qvRb Zv Avj−vni Kv‡Q webxZfv‡e PvB‡e| wb‡gœ Zvkvnû` I ìƒ`mn `yÔAv‡q gvQ~iv wnmv‡e Av‡iv KwZcq `yÔAv †ck Kiv nÕj| gyQj−x hLb †hUv cÖ‡qvRb Abyfe Ki‡e ZLb †mUv Øviv `yÔAv Ki‡e|

Zvkvn&û`t WX ��6E=&\*��< �[��K�(�)*��< ��&(�* �[��=�G�O*�� s� !y��- $��< p��6��*� ��Tp��% �L =�(�@ ��C*�� [

�#�T� h�%�< rs� &i� ��*�� i .'% �#�T h�% �+ =�G�*��)*� �s� �3��6�@ �(�@�< �� =�(�@ ��C*�� "�D��<��!* K�9��< �2�# 6�@ �l#�-�G� &'�%.

(1) D”PviYt AvËvwnBqv-Zz wjj−v-wn IqvQ QvjvIqv-Z, IqvZ¡-Z¡vBwqev-Zz| Avm-mvjv-gy ÔAvjvqKv AvBqy nvb bvweBqy Iqv ingvZzj−-wn Iqv evivKv-Zzn| Avm&mvjv-gy ÔAvjvqbv Iqv ÔAvjv ÔBev-w`j−v-wnQ Q-wjnxb| Avk&nv`y Avj−v-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqv Avk&nv`y Avbœv gynv¤§v`vb ÔAve&`yn~ Iqv im~jyû| A_©t Ô†gŠwLK, kvixwiK I Avw_©K mg — Bev`Z Avj−vn&i Rb¨| †n bex! Avcbvi Dci kvwš—, ingZ I eiKZ AeZxY© nDK| Avgv‡ì Dci Ges †bK ev›`v‡ì DciI kvwš— AeZxY© nDK| Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, Avj−vn e¨ZxZ cÖK…Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| Avwg AviI mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, gynv¤§v` (Qvt) Avj−vni ev›`v Ges ivm~jÕ|59 ìƒ`t

eX �7{ ��(�@�< � =�N��D �� (�@ �B =&(�� -�" �#�-�G� �7{ �(�@�< �#�-�G� ��(�@ 0 �� T4(*�� -�" �#��-�G� �7{ ��(�@�< �#�-�G� ��(�@ P�� T4(*�� z# =�J� z# =�-�$ �L�� =�N��D ��

=�N��D �� (�@ �B."��z# =�J� z# =�-�$ �L�� =�N��D �� 7{ ��(�@�< � . (2) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Qwj− ÔAvjv gynv¤§v`, Iqv ÔAvjv Av-wj gynv¤§v`, Kvgv Qj−vqZv ÔAvjv Be&i-nxg, Iqv ÔAvjv Av-wj Be&i-nxgv BbœvKv nvgx`yg gvRx`| Avj−-û¤§v ev-wiK ÔAvjv gynv¤§`, Iqv ÔAvjv Av-wj gynv¤§v` Kvgv ev-iKZv ÔAvjv Be&i-nxgv, Iqv ÔAvjv Av-wj Be&i-nxgv, BbœvKv nvgx`yg gvRx`| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb gynv¤§v` (Qvt) I Zuvi cwievie‡M©i Dci ingZ el©Y Ki“b, †hfv‡e ingZ el©Y K‡i‡Qb Beivnxg (Avt) I Zuvi cwievie‡M©i cÖwZ| wbðqB Avcwb cÖkswmZ I gnv m¤§vwbZ| †n Avj−vn! eiKZ AeZxY© Ki“b gynv¤§v` (Qvt) I Zuvi cwievie‡M©i Dci, †hfv‡e Avcwb eiKZ bvwhj K‡i‡Qb Beivnxg (Avt) I Zuvi cwievi-cwiR‡bi cÖwZ| wbðqB Avcwb gnv cÖkswmZ I m¤§vwbZÕ|60

59. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/909, c„t 85| 60. Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/919, c„t 86|

23 24

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ `yÔAv‡q gvQ~iv ev mvaviY `yÔAvmg~nt †kl Zvkvnû‡` e‡m ivm~j (Qvt) †h `yÔAv¸‡jv c‡o‡Qb Ges hv nv`x‡Q ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv D‡j−L Kiv nÕj-

qX �� !� K�@�%�< �D 6�R.*� �F��M�@ +� �L��!� K�@�%�< � ��T�� F��M�@ +� �L��!� K�@�% �E�� T4(*�� L ��E� � ��T4(*�� [��-�-.*��< ��= G�-.*� �y�� O�� +� �L��!� K�@�%�< �7��#*� �� =�C�-.*� �y�� O�� +�

��D V�-.*� �+��< � �H.8�-.*� �+� �L��!� K�@�%. (3) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgb ÔAvhv-we Rvnvbœvg, Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgb ÔAvhv-wej K¡ewi, Iqv AvÔDhyweKv wgs wdZbvwZj gvmxwn` `vRRv-j, Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgs wdZ&bvwZj gvn&Bqv Iqvj gvgv-Z| Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgbvj& gvÔQvwg Iqv wgbvj gvM&ig|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve nÕ‡Z cwiÎvY Pvw”Q, cwiÎvY Pvw”Q Ke‡ii Avhve nÕ‡Z, Kvbv `v¾v‡ji †drbv nÕ‡Z| Avcbvi wbKU Avkªq Pvw”Q Rxeb I g„Zz i cix¶v nÕ‡Z Ges cvc I F‡Yi †evSv nÕ‡ZÕ|61

vX ��* D�>.S�� B� �% &i� �F K�kM*� �D�> V�� i�< �lD =�a�" �l-.(!m ��C.>� �B -�(�m �E� � �T4(*�� =�$�D*� �� K!>�V.*� �B �% �L�� -�$ ��< �P�# ��@ +� ��D�> V�.

(4) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx hjvgZz bvdmx hyjgvb KvQxiv, Iqvjv BqvM&wdi“h hyb~ev Bj−v AvsZv dvM&wdi&jx gvM&wdivZvg wgb& ÔBb&w`Kv Iqvi&nvgbx BbœvKv AvsZvj Md‚i“i inxg|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avgvi Dci Pig Ab¨vq K‡iwQ Ges Avcwb e¨ZxZ cvc ¶gv Kivi †KD †bB| myZivs Avcwb Avgv‡K ¶gv Ki“b| ¶gv GKgvÎ Avcbvi c¶ †_‡KB nq | Avgvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b| wbðqB Avcwb ¶gvkxj I `qvjyÕ|62

|X ��*� �F��M�@ ��< �y��C�$ ��D�]�.*� ��< �y��C�$ ��= p#*� �� { ��. (5) D”PviYt iveŸvbv Av-wZbv dx`& `ybBqv nvmvbvZvIu Iqv wdj Av-wLivwZ nvmvbvZvIu Iqv wK¡bvÔAvhv-evb bv-i|

61. Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/939, c„t 87| 62. Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/942, c„t 87|

A_©t Ô†n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avgv‡ì‡K `ywbqv‡ZI Kj¨vY `vb Ki“b Ges Av‡Liv‡ZI Kj¨vY `vb Ki“b Ges Avgv‡ì‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve †_‡K gyw³ `vb Ki“bÕ|63 ivm~j (Qvt) D³ AvqvZ mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c~‡e©B co‡Zb|64

�X .S� � �T4(*�� ( @�% �B �% ��< �B ��( @% ��< �[ ��D 9�% ��< �[ D�]�% ��< �B �#�� * D�>�B �% &i� ��*�� i �DE]�,�-.*� �B �%�< ��E#�R�-.*� �B 4% �E�� .

(6) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vM&wdi&jx gv K¡ÏvgZz, Iqvgv AvLLviZz Iqvgv Avm&ii&Zz, Iqvgv AvÔjvsZz Iqvgv AvsZv AvÔjvgy wenx wgbœx| AvsZvj gyK¡wÏgy Iqv AvsZvj gyIqvLwLi“, jv Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg †h mg — cvc BwZc~‡e© K‡iwQ Ges hv c‡i K‡iwQ, Avcwb Avgv‡K me gvd K‡i w`b| gvd K‡i w`b †mB cvc, hv Avwg †Mvc‡b K‡iwQ Ges hv cÖKv‡k¨ K‡iwQ| gvd Ki“b Avgvi Aeva¨RwbZ cvc mg~n Ges †mB me cvc, †h m¤‡Ü Avcwb Avgvi A‡c¶v AwaK ÁvZ| Avcwb Avw`, Avcwb Abš—| Avcwb Qvov cÖK…Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bBÕ|65

�X �� #�@�<�� {�< �� D �8.*� �u� ��&��K��< ��E=�9 ��@ D0>�"�< �� K�!� ��* D�>.S�� 3��; =�-.*� ��( b��* �L�� y��=�R.*� �� K�� t b��*�< �L�(�9�� (�@.

(7) D”PviYt iveŸvbv dvMwdijvbv hyb~evbv Iqv Kvdwdi ÔAvbœv mvB‡qAv-wZbv Iqv ZvIqvd&dvbv gvÔAvj Aveiv-i| ieŸvbv gv Iqv ÔAvËvbv ÔAvjv i“mywjKv Iqvjv ZzLwhbv BqvIgvj wK¡qvgvwZ BbœvKv jv ZzLwjdzj gxÔAv`| A_©t Ô†n Avgv‡ì ie! Avcwb Avgv‡ì mKj cvc ¶gv K‡i w`b| Avgv‡ì mKj g›` Kg© `~i K‡i w`b| Avi †bK †jvK‡ì mv‡_ Avgv‡ì g„Zz w`bÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 191-193)| GB AvqvZwUI ivm~j (Qvt) mvjv‡gi Av‡M co‡Zb|66

�X �#�-�)�*� �#��$�8.*� �B �% &i�� *�� i rs� �B �% �L��% �#�T h�% AE�8�� L!*�8 9�% AE�� T&(*�z#�$�% �lK!>!" ��&* +!j�� *�< #�* K�� *�< #�(�� * ?�M&*�.

(8) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx Avm&AvjyKv weAvbœx Avk&nv`y AvbœvKv AvsZvj−-û jv Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZvj Avnv`yQ& Qvgv`yj jvhx jvg& Bqvwj`& Iqvjvg& BDjv`& Iqvjvg& BqvKzj−vn~ KzdzIqvb Avnv`|

63. evK¡vivn 201; gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1519; wgkKvZ nv/2487 I 2502| 64. ZveivYx, AvImvZ¡ I Kexi; gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q` 2/143 c„t| 65. Qnxn gymwjg 2/349; wgkKvZ nv/813, ÔZvKexi †Ìqvi ci Kx ej‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`| 66. gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q` 2/143 c„t, D‡j−L¨, gynvwÏQ nvqQvgx G nv`xQ m¤ú‡K© †Kvb gš—e¨ K‡ibwb|

25 26

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ A_©t †n Avj−n! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU cÖv_©bv KiwQ| Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, GKgvÎ AvcwbB Avj−vn| Avcwb e¨ZxZ cÖK…Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| Avcwb GKK AgyLv‡c¶x| whwb KvD‡K Rb¥ †`bwb Ges Kv‡iv †_‡K Rb¥ †bbwb| Zvui mgK¶I †KD †bBÕ|67

�X. �- @�% �* �� ED�h +��< �B.(�-�@ �� D�h +� �L��!� K�@% �E� � �T4(*�� . (9) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvEhyweKv wgs kvwi© gv ÔAvwgjZz, Iqv wgs kvwi© gv jvg AvÔjvg| A_©t †n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q †mB AwbóZv †_‡K cwiÎvY Pvw”Q hv Avwg K‡iwQ Ges †mB AwbóZv †_‡K hv Avwg Kwiwb|68

W�X �lD� =�] ��=�G.*� �B -�(�@ �� = $% �5.(�b.*� �(�@ �L�� #!��< �} =�V.*� �L�-.(�;�� T4(*�� 3��T�Z*��< �} =�V.*��< �L�O�= Z�] �L!*�8 9�%�< � �T4(*�� * �lD =] ��K.*� �B -�(�@ �� &��K��< ��* �L!*�8� 9�%�< �u��\�R �� * �+ =�@ ��D!� �L!*�8 9%�< �#�> �� * �l- =�;� �L!*�8 9�%�< ��V.*��< �D.R�>.*��<

�U�R.*� �# ;�� Id��ED*� 1� �D�.��*� ��&M��* �L!*�8 9�%�< �[ K�-.*� �# ;�� =�;.*� �3 D�� L!*�8 9�%�< �d� �y�� t�� T4(*�� y&(�U� �y�� O�� *�< ��D�U� �d��D�� D =�S �� L�x��R�* 1� �Y K�Z*��< �L�T ��<

�+ ��#�O T� ��#�N ��.(�; ��< �'��- ��.*�. (10) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v weBjwgKvj MvBev Iqv KzìvwZKv ÔAvjvj LvjwK¡, AvnCbx gv AvwgjZzj nvqv-Zv Lvqivj−x Iqv ZvIqvddvbx Bhv AvwjgZzj IdvZv Lvqivj−x| Avj−-û¤§v Iqv AvmAvjyKv LkBqvZvKv, Iqvj MvBev Iqvk kvnv-`vZv, Iqvj dvK¡iv Iqvj wMbv, Iqv AvmAvjyKv bvCgvb jv Bqvbdv`y Iqv AvmAvjyKv KziivZv AvBwbb jv ZvsK¡vwZD, Iqv AvmAvjyKvi wihv evÔ`vj K¡vhvwq, Iqv AvmAvjyKv evi`vj AvBwk evÔ`vj gvIDwZ| Iqv AvmAvjyKv jvhhvZvb bvhwi Bjv IqvRwnKv, Iqvk kvIwK¡ Bjv wjK¡v-wqKv dx MvBwi hviivwq gywhiivwZb, Iqvjv wdZbvwZg gywhj−vwZb| Avj−-û¤§v hvqBqvbœv wehxbvwZj Cgvwb IqvRÔAvjbv û`v-Zvg gynZv`xb|

A_©t Ô‡n Avj−vn Avcwb A`„k¨ Áv‡bi gvwjK Ges m„wói Dci ¶gZvkvjx| Avgv‡K RxweZ ivLyb hZw`b Avgvi Avqy Avgvi Rb¨ Kj¨vYKi Rvbe Ges Avgv‡K g„Zz `vb Ki“b hLb Avwg Zv‡K Avgvi Rb¨ g½jgq Rvbe|

67. nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx, eyj~¸j gvivg wgb Avw`j−vwZj AvnKvg, e¨vL¨v I ZvnK¡xK¡t kvqL QwdDi ingvb gyeviKcyix, BZnvdzj wKivg (wiqvht gvKZvevZz `vwim mvjvg, 1994), c„t 456, nv/1561; Qnxn Beby gvRvn nv/3857|

68. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2462; Qnxn bvmvC nv/1307; Qnxn Beby gvRvn nv/3839|

†n Avj−vn! Avwg Dcw ’Z-Abycw ’Z Ges m”Qj-Am”Qj me©ve ’vq Avcbvi fxwZ cÖv_©bv KiwQ| Avcbvi Kv‡Q Ggb †bÔgZ PvB hv †kl n‡e bv | Avcbvi Kv‡Q P¶zi cÖkvwš— PvB, hv wew”Qbœ n‡e bv| g„Zz i ci Avcbvi mš‘wó PvB Ges Avivg`vqK Rxeb PvB| Avcbvi mb¥yLcv‡b `„wói cÖkvwš— Ges Avcbvi mv¶v‡Zi AvKvsLv PvB †Kvb cÖKvi ¶wZ QvovB Ges c_åóKvix †drbv QvovB| †n Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì‡K Cgv‡bi †mŠ›`h© Øviv mw¾Z Ki“b Ges †n`vqvZ cÖvß‡ì Aš—fy©³ Ki“bÕ|69

WWX �[��<��-�C�*� �u ��#�� !'��-.*� �B % ��*� ��* �# -�G.*� �L�* &'�� L!*�8 9% �E� � �T4(*��L!*�8 9�% �� Kp=�� p��$ �� D."�.*��< �7��(�J.(�J.*� �� g �8.*��<.

(11) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvmAvjyKv weAvbœvKv jvKvj nvg`y jv Bjv-nv, AvsZvj gvbœvby ev`xDm mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Aviwh, Bqv hvj RvjRvjv-wj Iqvj BKiv-g| Bqv nvBqy Bqv K¡vBq~gy Bbœx AvmAvjyKv| A_©t †n Avj−vn! Avcbvi wbK‡U (¶gv I ingZ) Pvw”Q| †Kbbv mKj cÖksmv Avcbvi Rb¨B| Avcwb e¨ZxZ †Kvb Bjvn †bB| Avcwb cig `qvjy, Avmgvb I hgx‡bi mªóv| †n gnË¡ I m¤§v‡bi AwaKvix, †n wPiÄxe, †n mewKQzi aviK! Avwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv KiwQÕ|70

)We (��*� �+� �L��!� K�@%�< �y��J.*� �L!*�8 9% �E� � �T4(*��. (12) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvmAvjyKvj RvbœvZv Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgbvb bv-i| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi ìev‡i RvbœvZ cÖv_©bv KiwQ Ges Avcbvi Kv‡QB Rvnvbœvg †_‡K cvbvn Pvw”QÕ|71 ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô‡h e¨w³ Avj−vni Kv‡Q wZbevi RvbœvZ Pvq, RvbœvZ Avj−vni Kv‡Q e‡j, †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z `vwLj Kivb| Avi †h e¨w³ wZbevi Rvnvbœvg †_‡K cwiÎvY Pvq, Rvnvbœvg Zvi Rb¨ Avj−vni Kv‡Q e‡j, †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ `vb Ki“bÕ|72

ÁvZe¨t Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c~‡e© cweÎ KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xQ †_‡K †h †Kvb `yÔAv cvV Kiv hvq|73 Z‡e Avcb Avcb fvlvq `yÔAv Kiv

69. Qnxn bvmvC nv/1305, mb` Qnxn| 70. Qnxn bvmvC nv/1300, mb` Qnxn|

71. Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/792, ÔQvjvZ nvjKv KivÕ Aby‡”Q`; Qnxn Be‡b gvRvn nv/910 ÔZvkvnû` I ìƒ‡ì ci Kx ej‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`, mb` Qnxn|

72. wZiwghx, bvmvC, wgkKvZ nv/2478, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq, ÔB¯—ÔAvhvnÕ Aby‡”Q`; Qnxn wZiwghx nv/2572, mb` Qnxn|

73. Qnxn eyLvix, nv/ 6328, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq|

27 28

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ hv‡e bv| GgbwK Aviex‡ZI wb‡Ri ev Kv‡iv evbv‡bv `yÔAv cvV Kiv hv‡e bv | ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ gvby‡li fvlv ej‡Z wb‡la K‡i‡Qb,

�D =�6.j�O*��< �� =�6 C�O*� �A�N ��-�� *� ��" +E �d A�h ��T =�� !( )�� i ��)*� �2�MN &'��'{ D!R.*� !y�x��D��<.

ÔwbðqB QvjvZ gvby‡li K_v-evZ©v ejvi †¶Î bq| GUv †Kej Zvmexn, ZvKexi I KziAvb wZjvIqv‡Zi Rb¨B mywbw`©óÕ|74

KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Q ewY©Z Ab¨vb¨ mvaviY `yÔAvmg~nt WqX�+ ��D�C�b.*� �+� �+� K!j��* �� -�$ D��< ��* D�> V�� &( ��< ��C!> �% �� -�(�m ��.

(13) D”PviYt iveŸvbv hvjvgbv Avsdzmvbv Iqv Bj−vg ZvMwdijvbv Iqv Zvinvgbv jvbvK‚bvbœv wgbvj L-wmixb| A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cÖfy! Avgiv wb‡R‡ì cÖwZ hyjyg K‡iwQ| hw` Avcwb Avgv‡ì ¶gv bv K‡ib Ges Avgv‡ì cÖwZ AbyMÖn bv K‡ib ZvnÕ‡j Avgiv Aek¨B ¶wZMÖ —‡ì Aš—fy©³ n‡q hveÕ (AvÔivd 23)|

WvX�lD =�V�� =�� -�" ��-�T -�$ �� EF��. (14) D”PviYt iweŸi nvg&ûgv Kvgv iveŸvBqv-bx QMxiv| A_©t Ô‡n Avgvi cÖfy! Zv‡ì (wcZv-gvZ) Df‡qi cÖwZ Avcwb ingZ el©Y Ki“b, †hgb Zuviv Avgv‡K ˆkkeKv‡j jvjb-cvjb K‡i‡QbÕ (eYx BmivCj 24)|

W|X �>.S� �� d��@�3 . �6�R��< �� O��E�!� +��< ��K�(�)*� � =�R� ��.(�; �� EF�� * D�F��C�G.*� �� K!R�� K�� + =�� ,�-.(�*�< �:�#�*��K�*�<.

(15) D”PviYt iweŸRÔAvjbx gyK¡xgvQ Qvjv-wZ Iqv wgb& hyiwiBqvZx, ieŸvbv Iqv ZvK¡veŸvj& `yÔAv| iveŸvbvMwdijx IqvwjIqv-wj`vBq¨v Iqv wjjgywgbxbv BqvIgv BqvK¡~gyj& wnmv-e|

A_©t Ô†n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avgv‡ì‡K QvjvZ Kv‡qgKvix Ki“b Ges Avg‡ì mš—vb-mš—wZ‡KI| †n Avgv‡ì cÖfy! Avgv‡ì `yÔAv Keyj Ki“b| †n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avgv‡K, Avgvi wcZv-gvZv‡K Ges mKj gywgb‡K ¶gv Ki“b †hw`b wnmve Kv‡qg n‡eÕ (Beivnxg 40-41)|

74. Qnxn gymwjg nv/537, ÔQvjv‡Zi ’vb mg~nÕ Aby‡”Q`; Avey`vE` nv/795; bvmvC nv/1203; Avngv` nv/22644; `v‡igx nv/1464; eyj~¸j gvivg nv/217|

W�X�l-.(�@ �� 3�� EF��. (16) D”PviYt ivweŸ wh`bx ÔBj&gv| A_©t Ô‡n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! Avgvi Ávb e„w× K‡i w`bÕ (Z¡v-nv 114)|

W�X � K��T�R.>�� C0* +E ��#.R�@ . !( $��< :�D �% ��* DEC��< :�� #�� * ��D h� EF�� * K��.

(17) D”PviYt iweŸk&ivnjx Q`&ix, Iqv Bqvmwmijx Avgix, Iqvnjyj& ÔDK¡`vZvg& wgwj−mv-bx, BqvdK¡vn~ K¡Ijx|

A_©t Ô‡n Avgvi cÖfy! Avgvi e¶ cÖk — K‡i w`b, Avgvi KiYxq KvR Avgvi Rb¨ mnR K‡i w`b Ges Avgvi wRnŸv †_‡K RoZv `~i K‡i w`b, †hb Zviv Avgvi K_v eyS‡Z cv‡iÕ (Z¡v-nv 25-28)|

W�X��*� �F��M�@ ��< �� K�!� ��* D�>.S�� { �� . (18) D”PviYt iveŸvbv Bbœvbv Av-gvbœv dvMwdijvbv hyb~evbv Iqv wK¡bv ÔAvhv-ev bœv-i| A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cvjbKZ©v! wbðqB Avgiv Cgvb G‡bwQ, Kv‡RB Avgv‡ì ¸bvn mg~n ¶gv K‡i w`b| Avi Avgv‡ì‡K Rvnvbœv‡gi kvw — †_‡K i¶v Ki“bÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 16)|

W�X �y�- $�� L �#&* +� ��* }�N�< ��O ��#�N .�� # ;�� K!(!� .��t��* ��X �B� % �L�� F��N�K.*�.

(19) D”PviYt iveŸvbv jv-ZzwSM& K¡yj~evbv evÔ`v Bh& nv`vqZvbv Iqv nvejvbv wgj−v`ysKv ingvZvb, BbœvKv AvsZvj Iqvnnv-e|

A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! mij c_ †`Lv‡bvi ci Avcwb Avgv‡ì Aš—i‡K mZ¨jsN‡b cÖe„Ë Ki‡eb bv| Avcbvi wbKU †_‡K Avgv‡ì cÖwZ AbyMÖn Ki“b| wbðqB Avcwb mewKQzi `vZvÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 8)|

e�X &*� ��K ]��*�< ��* D�>.S� �� + ��M&(0* ��(�S �� K!(!� �� . �; J��*�< �'��- ��.*�� ' K!R�6�9 �+ ��Mz =�$�� zo <�� L�� K��{.

(20) D”PviYt iveŸvbvMwdi jvbv Iqv wjBLIqv wbbvj−vhxbv mvevK¡~bv wej Cgv-wb Iqvjv ZvRÔAvj dx Kzj~webv wMj−vj wjj−vhxbv Av-gvb~| ivevevbv BbœvKv ivEdzi ivnxg&|

29 30

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avgv‡ì‡K I Avgv‡ì Av‡M hviv Cgvb G‡b‡Q Zv‡ì‡K ¶gv Ki“b| Cgvb`vb‡ì wei“‡× Avgv‡ì Aš—‡i †Kvb we‡Øl ivL‡eb bv| †n cÖfy! wbðqB Avcwb `qvjy cig Ki“YvgqÕ (nvk 10)|

eWX �� K�!� ��* D�>.S� �� K��R.*� �(�@ �� D�) ��< ��#.�% BE6�H�< ��D �% �� D 9��< ��+ ��D��j.*�.

(21) D”PviYt iveŸvbvMwdi jvbv hyb~evbv Iqv Bmiv-dvbv dx Avgwibv Iqv QvweŸZ AvK¡`v-gvbv| IqvsQzibv Avjvj K¡Iwgj Kv-wdixb|

A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cÖfy! Avgv‡ì cvç‡jv ¶gv K‡i w`b| Avi Avgv‡ì Kv‡R hZUzKz evovevwo n‡q †M‡Q ZvI †gvPb K‡i w`b| Avgv‡ì‡K `„p ivLyb Ges Kv‡di‡ì Dci Avgv‡ì‡K mvnvh¨ Ki“bÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 147)|

eeX d��Z�� +�-� �L.(!�� t ��< rd��Z�� +� �L.(�-.*� �� ,�� L.(�-.*� �L�*�� T&(*�� pt��;��< zD ��#�� =�h 0 !" �(�@ �L�� D =�b.*� �P�#�=�� rd��Z�� +� 47�M��< d��Z�� +�X �� =&(*� �c�*K��

�+�� B�E=�-.*� ��D b��< �B�=�-.*� �+� ��G.*� ��D b��< � =&(*� �� T��*� �c�* K��< ��T��*�� +� �Y�� D��< E��G.*��F��C�$ �D =�V�� rd��Z.

(22) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v gv-wjKvj& gyjwK ZzÕwZj& gyjKv gvs Zvkv-D, Iqv ZvbwSÔDj gyjKv wg¤§vs Zvkv-D, Iqv ZzÔBS&Sz gvs Zvkv-D Iqv Zzwhjjy gvs Zvkv-D, we Bqvw`Kvj LvBi| BbœvKv ÔAvjv-Kywj− kvBwqs K¡`xi| Z‚wjRyj& jvBjv wdbœvnv-wi Iqv Z‚wjRyb bvn-wi wdj jvBwj, Iqv ZzLwiRyj nvBq¨v wgbvj gvBwq¨wZ Iqv ZyLwiRy gvBwq¨Zv wgbvj nvBwq¨| Iqv ZviSzK¡y gvs Zvkv-D weMvBwi wnmv-e|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb me©‡fŠg ¶gZvi AwaKvix| Avcwb hv‡K B”Qv ivR¨ `vb K‡ib, hvi KvQ †_‡K B”Qv ivR¨ wQwb‡q †bb| Avi hv‡K B”Qv m¤§vb `vb K‡ib, hv‡K B”Qv Acgvb K‡ib| Avcbvi nv‡ZB i‡q‡Q hveZxq Kj¨vY| wbðqB Avcwb me©kw³gvb| Avcwb ivZ‡K w`‡bi wfZi cÖ‡ek Kivb Ges w`b‡K iv‡Zi wfZi cÖ‡ek Kivb| Avi Avcwb RxweZ‡K g„‡Zi wfZi †_‡K †ei K‡ib Ges g„Zz ‡K Rxwe‡Zi wfZi †_‡K †ei K‡ib| Avcwb hv‡K B”Qv †ewnmve wiwhK `vb K‡ibÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 26-27)|

eqX ��O.(�-�$ ��-�" �lD �� =�(�@ . �- G��*�< �� .8�\ ]% <% �� =�C� .'� ��.M�]��,��* �� @��< f�� * �y��~��*�� .(E-�G��*�< �� ( 6�� +� �+ ��M&*� �(�@ ��* D�>.S��< f��@ ��

�+ ��D��j.*� �� K�R.*� �(�@ �� D�) �� * K� �B % �� -�$ ��<. (23) D”PviYt iveŸvbv jv-ZzAv-wLhbv Bbœvmxbv AvI AvLZ¡vÕbv| iveŸvbv Iqvjv Zvnwgj ÔAvjvqbv BQivs Kvgv nvgvjZvn~ ÔAvjvj−vhxbv wgs K¡vewjbv| iveŸvbv Iqvjv Zznvw¤§jbv gv-jv Z¡-K¡vZvjvbv wenx, IqvÔdz ÔAvbœv, IqvMwdi jvbv Iqvinvgbv AvsZv gvIjv-bv| dvsQzibv ÔAvjvj K¡vIwgj Kv-wdixb|

A_©t Ô†n Avgv‡ì cvjbKZ©v! Avgv‡ì cvKovI Ki‡eb bv hw` Avgiv fyj Kwi| †n Avgv‡ì cvjbKZ©v! Avgv‡ì Dci fvix I KwVb Kv‡Ri †evSv Ac©Y Ki‡eb bv, †hgb Avgv‡ì c~e©eZ©x‡ì Dci Ac©Y K‡iwQ‡jb| †n Avgv‡ì cÖfy! Avgv‡ì Dci Ggb KwVb `vwqZ¡ w`‡eb bv hv m¤úv`b Kivi kw³ Avgv‡ì †bB| Avgv‡ì cvc ¶gv Ki“b, Avgv‡ì ¶gv Ki“b Ges Avgv‡ì cÖwZ `qv Ki“b| AvcwbB Avgv‡ì cÖfy| myZivs Kv‡di m¤cÖ v‡qi wei“‡× Avgv‡ì mvnvh¨ Ki“bÕ| (evK¡vivn 286)|

evX�d��@p#*� �u =�-�9 �L�� y�6E=�~ �y��E�!� �L �#&* +� ��* }�N EF��. (24) D”PviYt ivweŸ nvejx wgj−v`ysKv hyiwiBq¨vZvb Z¡vB‡qevn| BbœvKv mvgxÔD` `yÔAv-B| A_©t Ô‡n Avgv‡ì cÖfy! Avcbvi c¶ †_‡K Avgv‡K c~Z-cweÎ mš—vb `vb Ki“b| wbðqB Avcwb cÖv_©bv KeyjKvixÕ (Av‡j Bgivb 38)|

e|X � =�(�;.*� �u =�-�C*� �B % �L�� . �6�R�� ... �F��K��O*� �B % �L�� =�(�@ }��<� =�$�D*�.

(25) D”PviYt iveŸvbv ZvK¡vevevj wgbœv BbœvKv AvsZvm& mvgxÔDj ÔAvjxg| IqvZze ÔAvjvqbv, BbœvKv AvsZvZ& ZvDqveyi ivnxg| A_©t Ô†n Avg‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avgv‡ì wbKU †_‡K GB KvR Keyj Ki“b| wbðqB Avcwb kªeYKvix I me©Á|... Avcwb Avg‡ì ¶gv K‡i w`b| wbðqB Avcwb ZIev KeyjKvix I cig `qvjyÕ (evK¡vivn 127-128)|

e�X�* D�>.S�� { ��+ =�-�$��D*� �D =�] �B %�< �� -�$ ��< ��. (26) D”PviYt iveŸvbv Av-gvbœv dvMwdi& jvbv Iqvinvgvbv Iqv AvsZv LvBi“i iv-wngxb| A_©t Ô†n Avgv‡ì cvjbKZ©v! Avgiv wek¦vm ’vcb K‡iwQ| myZivs

31 32

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Avcwb Avgv‡ì‡K ¶gv Ki“b Ges Avgv‡ì cÖwZ ing Ki“b| Avcwb †Zv me©‡kªô `qvjyÕ (gyÕwgb~b 109)|

e�X�l�� + =�R�O�-.(�* ��.(�; ��< �+�= @�% ��D!� ��O��E�!��< ��< �% +� ��* }�N ��. (27) D”PviYt iveŸvbv nvejvbv wgb AvSIqv-wRbv Iqv hyiwiBqv-wZbv K¡iivZv AvÔBDb| IqvR ÔAvjbv wjjgyËvK¡xbv Bgv-gv| Aa©t Ô†n Avgv‡ì cÖfy! Avgv‡ì ¿x‡ì c¶ †_‡K Ges Avgv‡ì mš—vb‡ì c¶ †_‡K Avgv‡ì Rb¨ †Pv‡Li

kxZjZv `vb Ki“b Ges Avgv‡ì‡K gyËvK¡x‡ì Rb¨ Av`k© ¯iƒc Ki“bÕ (dziK¡vb 74)|

e�X��*� �+� �� D��% � �T&(*�� . (28) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v AvwRibx wgbvb& bv-wi| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K gyw³ `vb Ki“bÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô‡h e¨w³ Avj−vni Kv‡Q wZbevi RvbœvZ Pvq, †m e¨w³i Rb¨ RvbœvZ Avj−vni Kv‡Q e‡j Ô‡n Avj−vn! Zv‡K RvbœvZ `vb Ki“b| Abyiƒc †KD wZbevi Rvnvbœvg †_‡K cwiÎvY PvB‡j Rvnvbœvg Avj−vni Kv‡Q e‡j, †n Avj−vn! Zv‡K Rvnvbœvg †_‡K cwiÎvY `vb Ki“b|75

e�X�P��K�9 +�-�@ �L�( U�>�� .S%�< �L��D�$ +�@ �L�*��(�G�� >."� � �T&(*�� . (29) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vKwdbx †envjv-wjKv ÔAvb nviv-wgKv Iqv AvMwbbx wedvhwjKv ÔAv¤§vb wmIqv-Kv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K nvivg Qvov nvjvj Øviv h‡_ó Ki“b Ges Avcbvi AbyMÖn Øviv Avgv‡K Ab¨‡ì n'†Z gyLv‡c¶xnxb Ki“bÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, cvnvo mgcwigvY FY _vK‡jI Avj−vn Zvi FY cwi‡kv‡ai eë ’v K‡i w`‡eb|76

q�X ��!M�@% �E� � �T&(*�� H8�-.*��< ��D V�-.*��< ��D�T.*��< � �C�j.*� �+� �L��!� K�@% �E� � �T&(*�� L ED��h�< ��V.*� �y�� O�� ED�h +��< �D 6�R.*� �F��M�@�< �D 6�R.*� �y�� O��< ��*� �y�� O��< ��*� �F��M�@ +� �3�D�6.*��< �c.(&a*� �d��-�� :��\�] . �C.S� � �T&(*�� 7��#*� �� =�C�-.*� �y�� O�� ED�h +��< �D.R�>.*� �y�� O��

��< ��-�" �?��\�] �+ =��< �� =�� #�@��< �_��#*� �+� � �= �8.*� �F K&a*� �5�� -�" ��6.(�� E5F�D V�-.*��< �Y�D Z�-.*� �+ =�� [ #�@�� .

75. Avngv`, bvmvC; Qnxn wZiwghx nv/2572, ÔRvbœvZx bn‡ii weeiYÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-27, mb`

Qnxn; wgkKvZ nv/2478| 76. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3563, mb` nvmvb, wgkKvZ nv/2449|

(30) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgbvj Kvmvwj, Iqvj nvivwg Iqvj gvMivwg, Iqvj gvÔQvwg| Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgb ÔAvhvweb bv-i, Iqv wdZbvwZb bv-i, Iqv wdZbvwZj K¡vei, Iqv ÔAvhvwej K¡vewi, Iqv wgs kviwi wdZbvwZj wMbv, Iqv kviwi wdZbvwZj dvK¡wi, Iqv wgs kviwi wdZbvwZj gvmxwn` `v¾v-wj| Avj−-û¤§vMwmj LZ¡v-Bqv-Bqv wegv-BQ QvjwR Iqvj evivwÌqv bvw° K¡vjex Kvgv BDbv°Q QvIeyj AveBqvhy wgbv` `vbvm| Iqv ev-ÔB` evqbx Iqv evqbv LZ¡v-BqvBqv Kvgv evÔAv`Zv evqbvj gvkwiwK¡ Iqvj gvMwiwe| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcbvi Kv‡Q cwiÎvY Pvw”Q AjmZv, eva©K¨, FY I cvc nÕ†Z| Avwg cwiÎvY Pvw”Q Rvnvbœv‡gi kvw — I cix¶v nÕ†Z, Ke‡ii cix¶v I kvw — nÕ†Z Ges m”QjZvi cix¶v I `vwi‡`ª i cix¶v nÕ†Z Ges Kvbv `v¾v‡ji †drbv nÕ†Z| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgvi †Mvbvn mg~n cwi®‹vi Ki“b †hfv‡e mv`v Kvco gqjv nÕ†Z cwi®‹vi Kiv nq Ges eëavb Ki“b Avgvi I Avgvi †Mvbv‡ni g‡a¨ †hgb eëavb K‡i‡Qb c~e© I cwð‡gi g‡a¨Õ|77

qWX �d��>��h �L!x��>�h �&*� Id��>�h��* ��Z*� �B % �� h��< ��*� �F�� 8�6.*� �}�N.�% �l-�R�9 ��3��V��*.

(31) D”PviYt Avhwnwej evÕmv iveŸvbbv-wm, Iqvkwd AvbZvk kv-dx, jv wkdv-Av Bj−v wkdv-DKv, wkdv-Avj jv-BDMv-wì“ mvK¡vgv| A_©t Ô†n gvby‡li cÖwZcvjK! Avcwb G †ivM `~i Ki“b, Av‡ivM¨ `vb Ki“b, AvcwbB Av‡ivM¨`vbKvix| Avcbvi Av‡ivM¨ e¨ZxZ †Kvb Av‡ivM¨ †bB, Ggb Av‡ivM¨, hv evKx iv‡L bv †Kvb †ivM‡K|78

qeX �L��O�-.R� ��Id��J!��< �L�O�=��@ �7pK�G��< �L�O�- ;� �7��<�� +� �L��!� K�@% �E� � �T&(*�� L�\�b�9 �u =�-��<.

(32) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgs SvIqv-wj wbÔgvwZKv Iqv ZvnvIDwj ÔAv-wdqvwZKv Iqv dzRv-AvwZ wbK¡gvwZKv Iqv RvgxC mvLvwZ¡Kv|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi cÖ Ë wbqvg‡Zi n«vmcÖvß, kvwš—i weeZ©b, kvw —i nVvr AvµgY Ges Avcbvi mg — Am‡š—vl nÕ†Z cwiÎvY PvBÕ|79

77. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/2459; e½vbyev` 5/154, nv/2346| 78. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, Qnxn eyLvix nv/5675; wgkKvZ nv/1530| 79. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZh nv/2461|

33 34


wØZxq Aa¨vq dih Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci KiYxq

mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci whwKi bv `yÔAv? dih Qvjv‡Zi ci whwKi, Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, ZvKexi, ìƒ` Ges me‡k‡l mvaviY `yÔAvI Kiv hvq| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, Is� �<�D!".�� ()*� � �O =�U�� !j�� K�� (@�< �l3 K�;!��< �l��=�� ÔhLb †Zvgiv QvjvZ †kl Ki‡e ZLb Avj−vni whwKi K‡iv, ùvwo‡q, e‡m, ï‡qÕ (m~iv wbmv 107)| ivm~j (Qvt)I GKvwaK nv`x‡Q Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci whwKi, Zvmexn, Zvnjxj Kivi K_v e‡j‡Qb, hv Avgiv mvg‡b D‡j−L Kie| Avi gybvRvZ ev we‡kl `yÔAvi mgq wQj mvjv‡gi c~e© ch©š—| D‡j−L¨ †h, Ô`yeyi“Q QvjvZÕ ev Qvjv‡Zi ci `yÔAv Kiv ej‡Z g~jZt Zvkvnû‡` e‡m mvjvg wdiv‡bvi AvM ch©š— `yÔAv Kiv‡K eySvq| †hgb GK`v ivm~j (Qvt)-†K cÖkœ Kiv nÕj,

� p:�%�[�� K�O.j�-.*� �[��K�(�)*� �D��3�< �D�]�i� � =&(*� �o K�� 7�� u�- 9�% �d��@p#*. Ô†Kvb `yÔAv me©vwaK MÖnY‡hvM¨? wZwb ej‡jb, Ôiv‡Zi †klvs‡k Ges dih QvjvZ mg~‡ni c‡iÕ|1 Ô`yeyi“Q QvjvZÕ ev Qvjv‡Zi wc‡Q ej‡Z `yÕwU A_© eySvq| †h nv`x‡Q `yeyi“Q QvjvZ e‡j `yÔAvi K_v G‡m‡Q Zvi A_© Qvjv‡Zi †k‡l mvjvg wdiv‡bvi Av‡M| Avi †h nv`x‡Q whwK‡ii K_v G‡m‡Q Zvi A_© mvjv‡gi ci| Ô`yeyi“Q QvjvZÕ ej‡Z Kx eySv‡bv n‡q‡Q †m m¤ú‡K© kvqL web evh (int)-†K cÖkœ Kiv n'†j wZwb e‡jb,

6�� N�D�]{ ��(�@ �5�(.\�� (�)*� �D��3 #��< ��D�h��6� ��(�C*� �# ;�� (�@ �5�(.\��< ��(�C*� � � � 6�� N�D�]{ �3��D�-.*� &'% ��(�@ k7�#�� D�a."�%�< �L�*M�� !y�G =�G�)*� !� ��3��$8.*� [Id��

�d��@p#*�� 5&(�;�O�� - =�� (�C*�. ÔQvjv‡Zi c‡i ej‡Z Qvjv‡Zi †k‡l mvjv‡gi c~‡e© eySvq Ges cÖZ¨¶fv‡e mvjv‡gi c‡iI eySvq| G wel‡q A‡bK Qnxn nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ †ekxi fvM hv cÖgvY K‡i Zv nÕj- Qvjv‡Zi †kl ej‡Z mvjv‡gi Av‡M, †h nv`xQ¸‡jv `yÔAvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³Õ| AZtci wZwb e‡jb,

1. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/6499, 1/187 c„t, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-79, mb` nvmvb, wgkKvZ nv/968, c„t 89; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 3/5 c„t, nv/906|

�� L�*� &'% ��(�@ !y�G =�G�)*� !� ��3��$�8.*� B&*�3 #�R�� L�*�� !��3��K*� ��".�8.*� ��%��(�C*� �# ;�� (�)*� �D��3.

ÔAvi ew©Y©Z whwKi mg~n ej‡Z A‡bK Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv hv cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q, Zv Qvjv‡Zi wcQ‡b ej‡Z mvjv‡gi ci eySv‡bv n‡q‡QÕ|2

Ab¨Î gvbbxq kvqL e‡jb, mvjv‡gi ci whwKi, Zvmexn, Zvnjxj Kivi ci `yÔAvI Kiv hvq| KviY mvaviY `yÔAv Kivi K_vI cÖgvwYZ|3 ZvQvov Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, ZvKexi, whwKi‡KI e¨vcKZvi `„wó‡Z `yÔAv ejv nq|4 kvqLyj Bmjvg Bgvg Be‡b Zvqwgqvn (int)I `yeyi“Q QvjvZ ej‡Z Dc‡iv³ `yÕwU A_©B wb‡q‡Qb|5 Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) Av‡iv e‡jb,

� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� E��6��*� �+�@ �� K!H.8�-.*� �D."0M*� ��MN ��(�)*� �}�R�@ !' K�� C�-.*� ��-��<��(�)*� �}�R�@ !7 K!R�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� p��6��*� �'��" ��-�" �D =�6.j�O*��< � =�( T�O*� �+�.

ÔQvjv‡Zi ci mybœvZ nÕj- nv`x‡Q ewY©Z whwKi, ZvKexi, Zvnjxj Kiv hv ivm~j (Qvt) †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Qvjv‡Zi ci wZwbI †h¸‡jv ej‡ZbÕ|6 Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) e‡jb,

.*� �K��N ��MN�< ��T =�� T��D�!%�< ��T =�� T�(�;�� -�� (�)*�� y�R0(�;�O�-.*� �y�=�@ 38.*� !y��@�< �5�x��( ��T �� &(��9 �� (�)*� �� 3�� =�� E�� (�@ ! �6.R� �� 0(�)�-.*� �7��G��

�� F D!R.*��< �� #�� + =�� K�-.*� �L�*� �7��< !��-.*� �L.(�� B�;�\�R ��. Ôg~jZt mvaviY `yÔAv mg~n Qvjv‡Zi mv‡_ mswk−ó, hv †m Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨B K‡i‡Q| Avi Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ `yÔAv Kivi wb‡`©kI †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| gyQj−x wnmv‡e GUvB h‡_vchy³| †Kbbv †m hZ¶Y Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ _v‡K ZZ¶Y †m Zvi i‡ei m¤§y‡L †_‡K Zuvi m‡½ gybvRvZ K‡i| hLbB †m mvjvg wdivq ZLbB gybvRvZ wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq| D³ Ae ’vB nÕj i‡ei mvg‡b ùvov‡bv I wbKUeZ©x nIqvi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMxÕ|

2. kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh, gvRg~D dvZvIqv 11/194 c„t, Ô`yeyi“Q QvjvZ ej‡Z D‡Ïk¨ wKÕ Av‡jvPbv `ªt|

3. gvRg~D dvZvIqv 11/198 c„t| 4. Qnxn eyLvix nv/6329| 5. gvRg~D dvZvIqv, 22/516-17 c„t| 6. gvRg~D dvZvIqv 22/519 c„t|

35 36

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Avj−vgv kvqL gynv¤§v` web Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb (int) e‡jb,

1��;�� s� �7 K�R�(�� (�C*� �# ;�� D."0M*� &'% ��%�< : Is� �<�D!".�� (�)�*� � �O =�U�� MN �(�@�< f !j�� K�� (�@�< �l3 K�;!��< �l��=�� !' K�!j��< �lD."�� (�C*� �# ;�� !' K!j�=��

�� ;�-.*� �L�*M�"�< f�'{ D!R.*� �� =�U�O.R�� < f�� #�G.*� �� =�U�O.R�� MN �d��@�3 ��(�C*� � 6�� 3��-�� & ��< �t�@ �s� �:�#�� + =�� &(�)�-.*� &'�8�* �lU ��% �� =�U�O.R�� (��

�o�D�)� �� &(�9�< �o�D�) �� < f� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� E��6��*� �L�*M�� D�6 ]�% ��-�" �� !7 K�!R ;�-�*� f�s� �� +� �o�D�) �� O�$ �d��@p#*� � ��% !7 K!R� �� =�j�� L�*� +�

�% ��U�O.R�� f1��;��< �P��6�� L�� B �3�� &(�C�� .'% � 6�� rd��@p#*� �' K!j�� .' �+� �� 2!M =�-.(��< rs� ��-�$�� y�=�- =�� + �� ( 9�.*� �¡ =�h �� =�*� �}�N�� !' K!j�=�� MN �(�@�<

�� =�(�@ 47�3 :�M*� �F��K�)*� �K�N f� �=�R.*� f!7 K!R ;�-.*��< !7 K!R ��-.*� ÔwhwKi Ki‡Z n‡e mvjv‡gi ci| †hgb Avj−vni evYx, Ô†Zvgiv hLb QvjvZ mgvß Ki‡e ZLb Avj−vni whwKi Ki- ùvwo‡q, e‡m Ges ï‡qÕ (wbmv 107)| Gi Øviv cÖgvY nq †h whwKi nÕj mvjv‡gi c‡i Avi `yÔAv nÕj mvjv‡gi Av‡M hv nv`xQ-KziAvb Dfq ØvivB cÖgvwYZ| Gi A_©I ZvB, †Kbbv gyQj−x ZZ¶Y Avj−vni mvg‡b Ae ’vb K‡i hZ¶Y †m Qvjv‡Z iZ _v‡K| ZLb gyQj−x Zvi i‡ei mv‡_ gybvRvZ K‡i| †hgbwU ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb| Avi hLb †m mvjvg wdivq ZLb D³ gybvRvZ †_‡K wew”Qbœ nq| myZivs Zzwg hLb Avj−vni mv‡_ gybvRvZ Kiv †_‡K wd‡i †M‡j ZLb Avgiv wKfv‡e `yÔAvi K_v ej‡Z cvwi? Ávb m¤úbœ K_v GUvB cÖgvY K‡i †h, mvjv‡gi c~‡e©B Zzwg `yÔAv Ki‡e hZ¶Y Zzwg †Zvgvi i‡ei mv‡_ gybvRvZ K‡iv| Avi G K_vB e‡j‡Qb Bgvg Be‡b Zvqwgqvn Ges Zuvi QvÎ Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int)| Avi †mUvB mwVK, hv `jxj Ges Ávb Dfq Øviv cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡QÕ|7

DcwiD³ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g gybvRvZ Kx, KLb Ki‡Z n‡e, KZ¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e, wKfv‡e Ki‡Z n‡e Ges gybvRv‡Zi ’vb mg~n ¯úófv‡e dz‡U D‡V‡Q| G¶‡Y cÖkœ nÕj, Qvjv‡Zi ci mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv‡K wK‡mi wfwË‡Z gybvRvZ ejv nq? GB c×wZ‡K gybvRvZ ejvi †Kvb `jxj Av‡Q wK? nv`x‡Qi BgvgMY Qvjv‡Zi c‡ii ’vb‡K gybvRv‡Zi ’vb e‡j †Kvb nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb wK? GK ev‡K¨ Gi DËi nÕj, Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Z Qvjv‡Zi c‡i gybvRv‡Zi †Kvb

7. kvqL gynv¤§v` Beby Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb, gvRg~D dvZvIqv 13/246 c„t|

’vb †bB| Qnxn eyLvix, gymwjg, bvmvC Ges wgkKv‡Z wk‡ivbvg Kiv n‡q‡Q ÔQvjv‡Zi ci whwKiÕ (��)*� #;� D"M*�) g‡g©|8 Bgvg bvmvC (int) mvjv‡gi ci whwKi, Bw —Mdvi, Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, ZvKexi, ZvÔAveŸyh D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| AZtci `yB ’v‡b whwK‡ii ci `yÔAvi K_vI D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg Avey vE`, wZiwghx, Beby gvRvn Ômvjv‡gi ci gyQj−x Kx ej‡eÕ ( �� ^��D*� 7KR�� F�� (�9) g‡g© Aa¨vq iPbv K‡i‡Qb| wKš‘ Ômvjv‡gi c‡i `yÔAvÕ g‡g© Zviv †Kvb Aa¨vq D‡j−L K‡ibwb| eis Zviv Ômvjv‡gi Av‡M Zvkvnû‡ì c‡i `yÔAvÕ g‡g© Aa¨vq iPbv K‡i‡Qb, hv Avgiv cÖ_g Aa¨v‡q Zvkvnû‡ì Av‡jvPbvq D‡j−L K‡iwQ| Avi mvjv‡gi ci whwKi, g‡g© Aa¨vq iPbv K‡i‡Qb| myZivs mvjv‡gi c‡i whwKi KivB mybœvZ| AZtci †KD PvB‡j ìƒ` I mvaviY `yÔAv co‡Z cv‡i, hv wØZxq Bev`Z e‡j MY¨ n‡e| ejv evûj¨ †h, nv`x‡Qi mKj wKZv‡eB ÔQvjv‡Zi ci whwKiÕ wk‡ivbv‡g Aa¨vq iPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †Kvb gynvwÏQ D³ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv Kivi cÖgv‡Y GKwU nv`xQI D‡j−L K‡ibwb| hw` ivm~j (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q †Kivg eZ©gv‡b cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z gybvRvZ Ki‡Zb, Zvn'†j Qvnvex‡ì †_‡K ewY©Z nÕZ Ges nv`x‡Qi BgvgMYI ¯ ¯ wKZv‡e eY©bv Ki‡Zb (`ªóe¨t nv`x‡Qi mKj wKZve)| Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci cwVZe¨ whwKi mg~nt ivm~j (Qvt) Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci †h mg — whwKi Ki‡Zb †m¸‡jv wb‡gœ D‡j−L Kiv nÕj| G mgq wZwb mi‡e co‡Zb, D‰”Pt¯‡i bq|9

)W ( �D�6."% ��4(*�� (1) D”PviYt ÔAvj−-û AvKeviÕ (GKevi)| A_©t Avj−vn mePvB‡Z eo|

)e(Is� �D�> V�O 9% ,Is� �D�> V�O 9% ,Is� �D�> V�O 9% . (2) D”PviYt ÔAv —vMwdi“j−-nvÕ ÔAv —vMwdi“j−-nvÕ ÔAv —vMwdi“j−-nvÕ (wZbevi)| A_©t Avwg Avj−vni wbK‡U ¶gv cÖv_©bv KiwQ|10

)q (��(�C*� �L ��< ��(�C*� �B % � �T4(*�� , �� B."��6��D."�.*��< �7��(�J.*� ��. (3) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v AvsZvm& mvjv-gy Iqv wgsKvm& mvjv-gy, Zvev-ivK&Zv Bqv hvj Rvjv-wj Iqvj BKiv-g| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! AvcwbB kvwš—, Avcbvi †_‡KB kvwš— Av‡m| eiKZgq Avcwb †n gh©v`v I m¤§v‡bi AwaKvixÕ|11

8. Qnxn eyLvix nv/835, 1/115 c„t; Qnxn gymwjg nv/1316, 1/217| 9. ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/959-Gi UxKv `ªt| 10. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/959; Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/961| 11. Qnxn gywmjg, wgkKvZ nv/960|

37 38


)v ( ��* �L ��D�h��* �2�# $�< rs� �&*� ��*�� * , �# -�G.*� ��*�< �L.(�-.*� ��* �� =�h 0 !" A(�@ �K�N�< zD ��#�� , �L� �� E#�J.*� �� u�> �� *�< �B ;�� -�* �A�\ ;� ��*�< �B =�\ @% ��-�* �u�� * � �T&(*��p#�¢�.

(4) D”PviYt jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqvn&`vn~ jv-kvixKv jvn~, jvûj gyj&Kz Iqv jvûj nvg&`y IqvûIqv ÔAvjv Kzwj− kvBwqs K¡v`xi| Avj−-û¤§v jv gv-†bÔAv wjgv AvÔZ¡vqZv Iqvjv gyÔwZ¡qv wjgv gvbvÔZv Iqvjv BqvsdvÔD hvj RvwÏ wgsKvj RvÏy|

A_©t Ô†bB †Kvb gvÔe~ Avj−vn Qvov, whwb GKK I kixKwenxb| ZuviB Rb¨ mKj ivRZ¡ I ZuviB Rb¨ hveZxq cÖksmv| wZwb mKj wKQyi Dc‡i ¶gZvkvjx| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb hv w`‡Z Pvb, Zv †iva Kivi †KD †bB Ges Avcwb hv †iva K‡ib, Zv †Ìqvi †KD †bB| Avcwb Qvov †Kvb m¤ú`kvjx e¨w³i m¤ú` Zvi †Kvb DcKvi Ki‡Z cv‡i bvÕ|12

)| (�L��3��6�@ �+ C�$�< �P�D.j�h�< �P�D."�� (�@ �E��@�% � �T&(*��. (5) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v AvÔBbœx ÔAvjv whKwiKv Iqv ïK&wiKv Iqv ûm&wb ÔBev-`vwZKv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcbv‡K ¯§iY Kiv, Avcbvi ïKwiqv Av`vq Kiv Ges Avcbvi my›ì Bev`Z Kivi Rb¨ Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki“bÕ|13

)� ( �� Kp=�R.*� p��G.*� �K�N �&*� ��*� ��* ��k(*�� , z� K� ��*�< �y��9 2!M�]8�� * , �[��<��-�C*� �� * �g �8.*� �� < , ��.�� &*� 2�# ��@ �u�> Z�� :�M&*� �� +� , ��< �T ��#� ��% �+ =�� ( ;�� *�< �T�>.(�] Id��h ��-�� &*� ��-.(�@ +E �� =�Z�� ' K!\ =G , �[��<��-�C�*� ��p=��9 D!" �u�9�<

�g �8.*��< ,��-�T!�.>�$ 2�3 K!n�� *�< ,� =��;.*� pA�(�;.*� �K�N�<. (6) AvqvZzj Kzimxt Avj−-û jv-Bjv-nv Bj−v ûIqvj nvBqyj K¡vBq~g| jv ZvÕLyhyû wmbvZzu Iqvjv bvDg| jvn~ gv wdm& mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvgv wdj Aviwh| gvs hvj−vhx Bqvk&dvÔD ÔBs`vn~ Bj−v weBh&wbnx, BqvÔjvgy gv evqbv AvB`xwng Iqv gv Lvjdvûg Iqvjv BDnxZ¡~bv wekvBwqg& wgb ÔBjwgnx Bj−v wegv kv-Av| IqvwmÔAv KziwmBq~ûm& mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Avih| Iqvjv BqvD`yn~ wndhyûgv, Iqv ûIqvj ÔAvwjBqyj ÔAvhxg (evK¡vivn 255)|

12. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/962| 13. Avngv`, Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1522, mb` Qnxn, bvmvC, wgkKvZ nv/949|

A_©t ÔAvj−vn wZwb whwb e¨ZxZ (cÖK…Z) †Kvb Dcvm¨ †bB| whwb wPiÄxe I mewKQyi aviK| †Kvbiƒc Z›`ªv ev wb`ªv Zuv‡K ¯úk© K‡i bv| Avmgvb I hgx‡b hv wKQy Av‡Q mewKQy ZuviB gvwjKvbvaxb| Zuvi ûKzg e¨ZxZ Ggb †K Av‡Q †h Zuvi wbK‡U mycvwik Ki‡Z cv‡i? Zv‡ì m¤§y‡L I wcQ‡b hv wKQy Av‡Q mewKQyB wZwb Rv‡bb| Zuvi Ávbmgy ª nÕ‡Z Zviv wKQyB AvqZ¡ Ki‡Z cv‡i bv, †Kej hZUzKz wZwb B”Qv K‡ib| Zuvi Kzimx mg — Avmgvb I hgxb‡K cwi‡eób K‡i Av‡Q| Avi †m¸‡jvi i¶Yv‡e¶Y Zuv‡K †gv‡UB kªvš— K‡i bv| wZwb m‡e©v”P I me©v‡c¶v gnvbÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, ÔcÖ‡Z¨K dih QvjvZ †k‡l AvqvZzj Kzimx cvVKvixi Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kivi Rb¨ Avi †Kvb evav _v‡K bv g„Zz e¨ZxZÕ|14 kqbKv‡j cvV Ki‡j mKvj ch©š— Zvi †ndvh‡Zi Rb¨ GKRb †d‡ikZv cvnvivq wbhy³ _v‡Kb| hv‡Z kqZvb Zvi wbKUeZ©x nÕ‡Z bv cv‡iÕ|15 (7) D”PviYt myenv-bvj−v-n (33evi)| Avj-nvg`ywjj−v-wn (33evi)| Avj−-û AvKevi (33evi)| AZtci

��* �L ��D�h��* �2�# $�< rs� �&*� ��*�� * ,zD ��#�� =�h 0 !" A(�@ �K�N�< �# -�G.*� ��*�< �L.(�-.*� ��*. jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqvn&`vn~ jv-kvixKv jvn~, jvûj gyj&Kz Iqv jvûj nvg&`y Iqvûqv ÔAvjv Kzwj− kvBwqs K¡v`xi| (1evi) A_©t cweÎgq Avj−vn, hveZxq cÖksmv Avj−vni Rb¨, Avj−vn mePvB‡Z eo| †bB †Kvb gvÔe~ GKK Avj−vn e¨ZxZ; Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB| ZuviB Rb¨ mg — ivRZ¡ I ZuviB Rb¨ hveZxq cÖksmv| wZwb mKj wel‡qi Dc‡i ¶gZvkvjxÕ| A_ev GKevi ej‡e ÔAvj−-û AvKeviÕ (34evi)|16 (8) dih Qvjv‡Zi ci ivm~j (Qvt) KL‡bv, Ômyenv-bvj−v-nÕ `kevi, ÔAvj-nvg`ywjj−vnÕ `kevi Ges ÔAvj−-û AvKeviÕ `kevi ej‡Zb|17

)� (!y�- ;E�*� ��* �2�� &*� �#�6 ;��* rs� �&*� ��*� ��* �s�� &*�� K!� ��*�< �7 K�$��*�<. (9) D”PviYt Iqvjv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−vn| jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û jv bvÔey`y Bj−v Bq¨vû jvûb wbÔgvZz| A_©t ÔAvj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb kw³ I ¶gZv †bB| wZwb Qvov cÖK…Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| Avgiv GKgvÎ ZuviB Bev`Z Kwi| mKj †bÔgZ ZuviBÕ|18

14. bvmvC, wmjwmjv Qnxnvn nv/972| 15. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2122-23| 16. gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/966, 967| 17. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/965; Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3420| 18. Qnxn gymwjg, Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1507|

39 40


)W� ( 0 �!" ��(�@ �K�N�< �# -�G.*� ��*�< �L.(�-.*� ��* f��* �L ��D�h �i �2�# $�< rs� &i� ��*�� i �s�� &i� ��K!� �i�< �7 K�$ �i f�D ��#�� =�h , !y��- ;E�*� ��* �2�� &i� �#�6 ;� �i�< rs� &i� ��*�� i

��*�< ! U�>.*� ��*�< �2�D��" K��*�< �+ �E#�*� ��* �+ =�)�( b� rs� &i� ��*�� i �+�C�G.*� rd��&a*� �' <�D��j.*�.

(10) D”PviYt jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqvn`vn~ jv-kvixKv jvn~ jvûj gyj&Kz Iqv jvûj nvg&`y IqvûIqv ÔAvjv Kzwj− kvBwqs K¡`xi| jv-nvIjv Iqvjv KzDIqvZv Bj−v wej−v-wn| jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqvjv bvÔey`y Bj−v Bq¨v-û jvûb wbÔgvZz Iqv jvûj dvh&jy Iqv jvûQ QvbvDj nvmvby| jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û gyLw&jQxbv jvû` `xb, IqvjvI Kvwinvj Kvwdiƒb| A_©t ÔAvj−vn e¨ZxZ cÖK…Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB| ivRZ¡ Zuvi, cÖksmv ZuviB| wZwb me©kw³gvb| Avj−vni mvnvh¨ e¨ZxZ †Kvb kw³ †bB| Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| Avgiv GKgvÎ ZuviB Bev`Z Kwi| †bÔgZ Zuvi, ZuviB AbyMÖn Ges ZuviB DËg cÖksmv| Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb Dcvm¨ †bB| Øxb‡K Avgiv GKgvÎ ZuviB Rb¨ g‡b Kwi, hw`I Kv‡diiv Acm›` K‡iÕ|19

)WW ( �B� �% ��< �B ��( @�% ��< �[ ��D 9�% ��< �[ D�]�% ��< �B �#�� * D�>.S� � �T4(*��B �% &i� ��*�� i �DE]�,�-.*� �B �%�< ��E#�R�-.*� �B 4% �E�� ( @�%.

(11) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vMwdijx gv K¡ÏvgZz Iqvgv AvLLviZz Iqvgv AvmiiZz Iqvgv AvÔjvsZz Iqvgv AvsZv AvÔjvgy wenx wgbœx| AvsZvj gyK¡wÏgy Iqv AvsZvj gyIqvLwLi“ jv-Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg †h mg — cvc c~‡e© K‡iwQ Ges hv c‡i K‡iwQ Avcwb me ¶gv K‡i w`b| gvd K‡i w`b †mB cvcmg~n, hv Avwg †Mvc‡b K‡iwQ Ges hv cÖKv‡k¨ K‡iwQ| gvd Ki“b Avgvi Aeva¨RwbZ cvc mg~n Ges †mB me cvc, †h cvc m¤‡Ü Avcwb Avgvi A‡c¶v AwaK Rv‡bb| Avcwb Avw`, Avcwb Aš—| Avcwb Qvov cÖK…Z †Kvb Bjvn †bBÕ|20

)We( �7�� % +�� L��!� K�@�%�< � b�6.*� �+� �L��!� K�@�%�< �+ 6�J.*� �+� �L��!� K�@�% AE�� T&(*�� D 6�R.*� �F��M�@�< ��= p#*� �y�� O�� +� �L��!� K�@�%�< �D�-�;.*�.

19. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/963, c„t 88| 20. Qnxn gymwjg, 2q LÊ, c„t 349; Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/1509; wgkKvZ nv/831|

(12) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgbvj Rye&wb Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgbvj eyL&wj Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgb Avihvwjj ÔDgy‡i Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgb& wdrbvwZ` `yb&Bqv Iqv ÔAvhv-wej K¡ve‡i|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn Avwg Avcbvi wbK‡U Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ Kvcyi“lZv, K…cYZv, AwZ eva©‡K¨ †cuŠQv n'†Z| Avwg Avcbvi Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ `ywbqvi wdrbv nÕ‡Z Ges Ke‡ii kvw — nÕ‡Z|21

)Wq ( ��(�@ D�j -��*�< ��* D�j ��< ��(�@ D�) �� *�< ��D�) ��< ��(�@ +�;�� *�< �E��@�% EF�� lD�"�h �L�* ��.(�; �� T(*�� (�@ ��V�� +� �(�@ �� D�) ��< ��*�� :��#�N DEC��< ��# N��<

.\� �L�* �l6�N�� L�* �lD�"�� L�* . �C.S��< ��O�� K�� . �6�R�� EF�� l6 =�� <�% ��a�6 b� �L =�*�� l@��K �y�- =�b��9 . !( 9��< ��C�* 3E#�9�< ��6.(�� # N��< ��O�J�$ B�6�H�< ��K @�3 }��%�< ��O�� K�$

��6.(��. (13) D”PviYt iweŸ AvÔBbœx Iqvjv ZzÔBb ÔAvjvBqv, IqvsQzibx Iqvjv ZvsQzi ÔAvjvBqv| IqvgKvijx Iqvjv ZvgKvi ÔAvjvBqv, Iqvnw`bx Iqv Bqvmwmi û`vBqv BjvBqv, IqvsQzibx ÔAvjv gvb evMv ÔAvjvBqv| Avj−-û¤§vRÔAvjbx jvKv kv‡Kivb, jvKv hv‡Kivb, jvKv iv‡nevb, jvKv wgZ¡Iqv-ÔAvb, BjvqKv gyLweQvb AvI gybxevb| iweŸ ZvK¡eŸvj ZvIevZx, IqvMwmj& nvIevZx, Iqv AvwRe& `vÔIqvZx, Iqv QvweŸZ û¾vZx, Iqvnw` K¡vjex, Iqv mvwÏ` wjmv-bx, Iqvmjyj mvLxgvwZ K¡vjex|

A_©t Ô†n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! Avgv‡K mn‡hvwMZv Ki“b, wei“‡× bq| Avcwb Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki“b, wei“‡× bq| Avgvi c‡¶ Dcvq m„wó Ki“b, Avgvi wei“‡× bq| Avgv‡K c_ †`Lvb, Avgvi Rb¨ c_ mnR Ki“b Ges †h Avgvi cÖwZ Rei`w — K‡i Zvi Dci Avgv‡K Rqx Ki“b| †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! Avgv‡K AvcbviB K…ZÁ Ki“b, AvcbviB ¯§iYKvix Ki“b, AvcbviB f‡q fxZ Ki“b, AvcbviB AbyMZ Ki“b, AvcbviB Kv‡Q webgª Ki“b, Avcbvi wbKU `ytL cÖKvk Ki‡Z wkLvb Ges Avcbvi w`‡K i“Ry Ki“b| †n Avgvi ie! Avgvi ZIevn Keyj Ki“b, Avgvi cvc †gvPb Ki“b, Avgvi `yÔAv Keyj Ki“b, Avgvi cÖgvY `„p Ki“b, Avgvi Aš—i‡K †n`vqvZ Ki“b, Avgvi Revb wVK ivLyb Ges Avgvi Aš—‡ii KjylZv `~i Ki“bÕ|22

21. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/964| 22. Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/1510, mb` Qnxn, ÔgyQj−x hLb mvjvg wdiv‡e ZLb Kx ej‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`;

wgkKvZ nv/2488; e½vbyev` 5/164, nv/2374|

41 42


)Wv ( :�D�)�� @ � �T4(*�� ; -�9 �� @ � �T4(*�� #�� @ � �T4(*��% �E�� T4(*��D 6�R.*� �F��M�@ +� �L�� E� � �T4(*�� D.R�>.*��< �D.>!j.*� �+� �L��!� K�@.

(14) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ÔAv-wdbx dx ev`vbx, Avj−-û¤§v ÔAv-wdbx dx mvgC, Avj−-û¤§v ÔAv-wdbx dx evQvix| Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgbvj Kzdwi Iqvj dvLwi, Avj−-ûy¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgb ÔAvhvwej K¡ewi| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgvi kixi KY©, P¶z my ’ ivLyb| †n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi Kv‡Q Kzdix I cigyLv‡c¶ n'†Z cwiÎvY cÖv_©bv KiwQ| †n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbK‡U Ke‡ii kvw — n'†ZI cvbvn Pvw”QÕ|23

)W| (.(�@ �L!*�8 9�% �E�� T4(*��(�6�R�O� ��(�-�@�< �l6E=�~ �� < �l;�� l-. (15) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvmAvjyKv ÔBjgvb bvwdÔAvb Iqv wihK¡vs Z¡Bwqevb Iqv ÔAvgvjvb gyZvK¡eŸvjvb| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU DciKvix Ávb Pvw”Q, cweÎ iƒhx Ges MÖnYxq Avgj cÖv_©bv KiwQÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) we‡kl K‡i dRi Qvjv‡Zi ci GB `yÔAv co‡Zb|24

(16) ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) cÖ‡Z¨K Qvjv‡Z †k‡l m~iv‡q ÔdvjvK¡Õ I ÔbvmÕ covi wb‡`©k w`‡Zb|25 dih Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci cwVZe¨ Av‡iv KwZcq `yÔAv nv`x‡Q ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ mb`MZ Î“wU _vKvq †m¸‡jv GLv‡b D‡j−L Kiv nÕj bv|

mKvj-mÜ¨v ev dRi I gvMwie Qvjv‡Zi ci cwVZe¨ KwZcq ¸i“Z¡c~Y© `yÔAv mg~nt )W� ( �P�#� T�@ ��(�@ ��%�< �P�# 6�@ ��%�< ��O.R�(�] �B �% &i� ��*��* �E�� B �% � �T4(*��

rd K��%�< ��(�@ �L�O�- ;�� L�* rd K��% �B ;�� ED�h +� �L��!� K�@�% �B ;�\�O 9�� P�# @�<�<kM*� �D�> V��i �� * D�>.S�� 6 �M��B �% &i�� F K�.

(17) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v AvsZv iveŸx jv Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv LvjvK¡Zvbx, Iqv Avbv ÔAve`yKv Iqv Avbv ÔAvjv ÔAvnw`Kv Iqv IqvÔw`Kv gvmZvZ¡vÔZz, AvÔEhyweKv wgb kviwi gv QvbvÔZz Ave~DjvKv wewbÔgvwZKv ÔAvjvBq¨v Iqv Ave~D wehvg&ex dvMwdijx dvBbœvn~ jv-BqvMwdi“h&hyb~ev Bj−v AvsZv|

23. Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/5090, mb` nvmvb; Avm-mvB‡q` mv‡eK¡, wdK¡ûm mybœvn (Kvq‡ivt `vi“j dvrû wjj BÔjvwgj Avivex, 1992/1412), 1/135; Qnxn bvmvC nv/1347 I 5465; wgkKvZ nv/2480 I 2413; e½vbyev` nv/2301 I 2367|

24. Avngv`, ZveivYx, Beby gvRvn, mb` Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2498| 25. Avngv`, Qnxn Avey`vD` n/1523, mb` Qnxn; bvmvC, wgkKvZ nv/969|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgvi cÖwZcvjK, Avcwb Qvov †Kvb Dcvm¨ †bB| Avcwb Avgv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Avwg Avcbvi ev›`v| Avwg Avgvi mva¨gZ Avcbvi cÖwZkÖ“wZ‡Z A½xKvive×| Avwg Avgvi K…ZK‡g©i Awbó nÕ‡Z Avcbvi wbKU Avkªq Pvw”Q| Avwg Avcbvi AbyMÖn‡K ¯xKvi KiwQ Ges Avgvi cvcI ¯xKvi KiwQ| AZGe Avcwb Avgv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`b| wbðqB Avcwb e¨ZxZ †KD ¶gvKvix †bBÕ| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, †h e¨w³ wbweó g‡b D³ `yÔAv w`‡b cvV Ki‡e Ges mÜ¨vi c~‡e© gviv hv‡e †m e¨w³ RvbœvZx‡ì Aš—f©y³ n‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ BqvK¡x‡bi mv‡_ D³ `yÔAv iv‡Z cvV Ki‡e Ges mKvj nIqvi Av‡M gviv hv‡e, †mI RvbœvZx‡ì Aš—f©y³ n‡eÕ|26

)W� (� =��;.*� ��4(*� �'��G 6�9 2�# -�G��< ��4(*� �'��G 6�9 . (18) D”PviYt mye&nv-bvj−v-wn Iqv wenvg&w`nx mye&nvbvj−v-wnj ÔAvhxg| A_ev mKv‡j I mÜ¨vq 100 evi K‡i ïay Ômye&nv-bvj−v-wn Iqv wenvg&w`nxÕ co‡e| A_ ©t cweÎZvgq I cÖksmvgq Avj−vn, wZwb gnvbÕ| GB `yÔAv cv‡Vi d‡j Zvi mKj †Mvbvn S‡i hv‡e| hwÌ Zv mvM‡ii †dbv mgZzj¨ nq| GB `yÔAv gxhv‡bi cvj−vq me‡P‡q †ekx fvix n‡eÕ|27

)W� (�� =�*� �F K��%�< �� Kp=�R.*� pA�G.*� �K�N �&*� ��*� ��* :�M&*� ��4(*� �D�> V�O 9%. (19) D”PviYt Av —vMwdi“j−v-nvj−vhx jv-Bjv-nv Bj−v ûIqvj nvBq~j K¡vBq~g Iqv AvZ‚ey BjvBwnÕ| A_©t ÔAvwg Avj−vni wbK‡U ¶gv cÖv_©bv KiwQ, whwb e¨ZxZ †Kvb Dcvm¨ †bB| whwb wPiÄxe I mewKQyi aviK| Avwg Zuvi w`‡KB wd‡i hvw”QÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, GB `yÔAv co‡j Avj−vn Zv‡K ¶gv K‡ib, hwÌ †m wRnv‡ì gq`vb †_‡K cjvZK Avmvwg nqÕ|28 ivm~j (Qvt) ˆ`wbK 100 evi ZIev Ki‡Zb|29

)e� (��-�(�" �3��#��< ��h D�@ �y��< ��C.>� ��< ��R.(�] �3�#�@ 2�# -�G��< ��4(*� �'��G 6�9. (20) D”PviYt myenv-bvj−v-wn Iqv †envg&w`nx ÔAv`v`v Lvj&wK¡nx Iqv wihv bvd&wmnx Iqv whbvZv ÔAvi&wknx Iqv wg`v-`v Kv‡jgv-wZnx| A_©t ÔAvwg Avj−vni gnË¡ I cÖksmv Ávcb KiwQ Zuvi m„wóKz‡ji msL¨vi mgcwigvY, Zuvi mËvi mš‘wói mgZzj¨ Ges Zuvi Avi‡ki Ihb I Kv‡jgv mg~‡ni e¨wß mgcwigvYÕ|30

26. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2335 ÔZIev I Bw¯—MdviÕ Aby‡”Q` | 27. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/2296-98| 28. Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/1517, mb` Qnxn; wgkKvZ nv/2353| 29. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2325; Qnxn wZiwghx nv/2831; wgkKvZ nv/3553; Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/2343| 30. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2301|

43 44


)eW (��4(*�� &*� ��K!� ��*�< �7 K�$ ��*. (21) D”PviYt jv nvIjv Iqvjv KzIqvZv Bj−v wej−v-n| A_©t †bB †Kvb ¶gZv †bB †Kvb kw³ Avj−vn e¨ZxZ|31

)ee ( ��* �L ��D�h �i �2�# $�< rs� &i�� *� �i ��4(�* �# -�G.*��< ��4(�* �L.(�-.*� ��C �%�< �� =�C �% ��* f �y��( =&(*� �2�M�N �D =�] +� �L!*8 9% �E�� T4(*�� D ��#�� =�h 0 !" ��(�@ �K�N�< �# -�G.*� ��*�< �L.(�-.*�

��T =�� ED�h�< ��NED�h +� �L��!� K�@%�< ��T =�� D =�]�< , ^�C��j.*� �+�� L��!� K�@�% �E� � �T4(*��9�< ��D�T.*��<�D�6�j.*� �d K ,�D 6�R.*� �� F��M�@�< ��*� �� F��M�@ +� �L��!� K�@% �E� EF��.

(22) D”PviYt AvgmvBbv Iqv Avg&mvj& gyj&Kz wjj−v-wn Iqvj-nvg`y wjj−v-wn| jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqvn&`vû jv-kvixKv jvû, jvûj gyj&Kz Iqv jvûj nvg&`y Iqv ûIqv ÔAvjv Kzwj− kvBwqs K¡`xi| Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx Avm&AvjyKv wgb Lvqwi nv-whwnj jvBjvwZ Iqv LBwi gv-dxnv Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgb kvi&winv Iqv kvi&wi gv dxnv| Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgbvj Kvmvwj Iqvj nvivwg Iqv m~Bj wKevi| iweŸ Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgb ÔAvhv-wes wdb&bv-wi Iqv ÔAvhv-wes wdj K¡ei| A_©t ÔAvgiv Ges mgMÖ RMr Avj−vn&i D‡Ï‡k¨ mÜ¨vq cÖ‡ek Kijvg| mg — cÖksmv Avj−vn&i Rb¨| wZwb e¨ZxZ Bev`‡Zi †hvM¨ †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| wZwb GK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB| ivRZ¡ ZuviB Ges cÖksmv gvÎB Zuvi| wZwb mKj wel‡q ¶gZvkvjx| †n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU G iv‡Zi g½j PvB Ges G iv‡Z hv Av‡Q, Zvi g½j Kvgbv Kwi| Avkªq PvB G iv‡Zi Ag½j nÕ‡Z Ges G iv‡Z †h Ag½j i‡q‡Q Zv nÕ‡Z| †n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Avkªq PvB AjmZv, eva©K¨ I eva©‡K¨i AcKvwiZv nÕ‡Z| †n Avj−vn! Avkªq PvB Rvnvbœv‡gi Avhve I Ke‡ii kvw — nÕ‡ZÕ|32

)eq ( :�D�)�� @ � �T4(*�� ; -�9 �� @ � �T4(*�� #�� @ � �T4(*��B �% &i� ��*��*.

(24) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ÔAv-wdbx dx ev`vbx, Avj−-û¤§v ÔAv-wdbx dx mvgC, Avj−-û¤§v ÔAv-wdbx dx evQvix| jv-Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgvi kix‡i wbivcËv `vb Ki“b, Avgvi kªeY kw³‡K wbivcËv `vb Ki“b Ges Avgi `„wókw³‡Z wbivcË `vb Ki“bÕ| D³ `yÔAvwU wZbevi ej‡e|33

31. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/2303| 32. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2381 ÔmKvj-mÜ¨vq I wb`ªv hvIqvi mgq Kx ej‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`| 33. Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/5090, mb` nvmvb; wgkKvZ nv/2413|

)e| ( �d ��h 0 �!" �F�� g ��8�.*��< �[��K-�C*� �D�~�� 3��T�Z*��< �} =�V.*� � �*��@ � �T4(*��j =�(��<X��" D�h�< �'��\ =�Z*� ED�h +��< ��C.>� ED�h +� �L��!� K�@�% �B �%&i� ��*��4* '% �#�T h% .

(25) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ÔAv-wjgvj MvBwe Iqvk& kvnv-`vwZ dv-wZ¡ivm& mvgv-Iqv-wZ Iqvj Aviwh, iveŸv Kzwj− kvBwqb Iqv gvjxKvn~| Avk&nv`y Avj−v-Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv AvÔEhyweKv wgs kvi&wi bvd&mx Iqv wgs kviwik kvBZ¡v-wb Iqv wkiwKnx| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avj−vn wZwbB whwb A`„k¨-`„k¨ mKj wel‡q AeMZ, Avmgvb-hgx‡bi m„wóKZ©v, cÖ‡Z¨K e& ‘i cÖwZcvjK I gvwjK| Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, Avcwb e¨ZxZ cÖK…Z †Kvb Bjvn †bB| Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ Avgvi g‡bi Awbó nÕ†Z, kqZv‡bi Awbó I Zvi wkiK nÕ†ZÕ| G `yÔAvwU mKvj-mÜ¨v Ges Nygv‡bvi mgqI ej‡e|34

)e� ( �K��N�< �d��-�C�*� ��i�< �g ��8.*� £ �d ��h ��- 9� �u� pD�U��i :�M&*� �s� � C�� =�(�;.*� �u =�-�C*�.

(26) D”PviYt wemwgj−v-wnj−v-hx jv-Bqvhyii“ gvÔAvmwgnx kvBqys dxj Aviwh Iqv jv-dxm mvgv-wq Iqv ûqvm mvgxÔDj ÔAvjxg| A_©t ÔAvwg H Avj−vn&i bv‡g Avi¤¢ KiwQ, hvi bv‡g Avi¤¢ Ki‡j Avmgvb I hgx‡bi †Kvb wKQzB ¶wZmvab Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| whwb ï‡bb Ges †`‡LbÕ| D³ `yÔAv co‡j †Kvb evjv-gyQxeZ ¯úk© Ki‡e bv|35

)e� ( � 9�% �E�� T4(*�� f��D�]�.*��< ��= p#*� �� y�=��;*� �L!(�n 9�% �E�� T4(*�� K�.>�;.*� �L!(�n f��@ <�� +�{�< �� K�@ D�O 9� � �T4(*�� f��*��< ��( N�%�< �:��= �3�< �� 3 �� y�=��;�*��< �� K�� +��< ��*��-�h +�@�< �� =�-�� +�@�< ��>.(�] +��< �:�#�� + =�� +� ��.��> $� � �T4(*��

�-.��;�� !� K�@�%�< ��O G�� +� �7��O.S!% .'�% �L�O. (27) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx Avm&AvjyKvj& ÔAv-wdBqvZv dx`& `ybBqv Iqvj& Av-wLiwZ| Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx Avm&AvjyKvj& ÔAvdIqv Iqvj ÔAv-wdBqvZv dx Øxbx Iqv `yb&Bqv-Bqv Iqv Avnjx Iqv gv-jx| Avj−-û¤§v ‘i ÔAvIiv-Zx Iqv Av-wgb ivIÔAvZx| Avj−-û¤§vn& dvhbx wgg evBwb Bqv`vBq¨v Iqv wgb Lvjdx, Iqv ÔAvb Bqvgxbx Iqv ÔAvb wkgv-jx, Iqv wgs dvIK¡x Iqv AvÔEhy weÔAvhgvwZKv Avb& DMZv-jv wgs Zvn&Zx|

34. Avey`vE`, mb` Qnxn, Beby gvRvn nv/3632; wgkKvZ nv/2390, ÔmKvj-mÜ¨vq Kx ej‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`| 35. wZiwghx, Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/5088, mb` Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2391|

45 46

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbK‡U `ywbqv I AvwLiv‡Zi wbivcËv PvB| †n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Avgvi Øxb, `ywbqv, cwievi I m¤ú‡ì wbivcËv PvB| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgvi †`vl mg~n †X‡K ivLyb Ges fxwZcÖ welqmg~n wbivc‡` ivLyb| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡K †ndvhZ Ki“b Avgvi mb¥yL n'†Z, WvKw`K nÕ†Z, evg w`K nÕ†Z Ges Avgvi Dci w`K n'†Z| †n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi gh©v`vi wbKU Avkªq cÖv_©bv KiwQ gvwU‡Z aŸ‡m hvIqv nÕ†ZÕ|36

(27) ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô†h e¨w³ mKvj-mÜ¨vq wZbevi K‡i m~iv BLjvQ, dvjvK¡ I bvm co‡e Zvi †h †Kvb mgm¨v `~i n‡q hv‡eÕ|37

)e� (�5�(�] ��ED�h +� �[��O*� �s� �[��-�(�j�� !� K�@�%. (28) D”PviYt AvÔEhyweKvwjgv-wZj−v-wnZ& Zv-¤§v-wZ wgs kviwi gv LvjvK¡v| A_©t ÔAvwg Avj−vn&i c~Y© bv‡gi mvnv‡h¨ Zuvi mKj m„wói Awbó n'†Z cwiÎvY Pvw”QÕ|38

) e� (�( 9�.*��< �¤�� 4(*�� B =��¤=�6� �#�-�G�-�� < �l� ��3 ��. (29) D”PviYt ivhxZz wej−v-wn iveŸvuI Iqv wej BmjvÑwg `xbvuI Iqv wegynv¤§vw`b& bvweBqv|

A_©t ÔcÖwZcvjK wnmv‡e Avwg Avj−vni cÖwZ mš‘ó, Øxb wnmv‡e Bmjv‡gi Dc‡i Ges gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-Gi Dc‡i mš‘ó bex wnmv‡eÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô†h e¨w³ D³ `yÔAv co‡e Zvi cÖwZ RvbœvZ IqvwRe n‡q hv‡eÕ|39 D‡j−L¨ †h, mKvj-mÜvq D³ `yÔAvwU wZbevi ejv msµvš— nv`xQwU hCd| hv wZiwghx Ges wgkKv‡Z ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|40

)q� (�2�# -�G��< � =��;.*� �s� �'��G 6�9. (30) D”PviYt myenv-bvj−-wnj ÔAvhxg Iqv wenvgw`wn| A_©t ÔAvwg D”P gh©v`vkxj Avj−vni cÖksmv mnKv‡i cweÎZv eY©bv KiwQÕ| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ mKv‡j GKkÕ evi Ges weKv‡j GKkÕ evi ej‡e Zv‡K Ggb gh©v`v †Ìqv n‡e, †h gh©v`v m„wóKz‡ji g‡a¨ Avi †Kvb e¨w³‡K †Ìqv n‡e bvÕ|41

36. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/3871; wgkKvZ nv/2397; Qnxn Beby gvRvn nv/3135, mb` Qnxn| 37. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/5082; Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3828, mb` nvmvb| 38. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2422| 39. Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/1529, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-361| 40. Avngv`, hCd wZiwghx nv/3389; wmjwmjv hCdv nv/5020, wgkKvZ nv/2399, c„t 210| 41. wZiwghx, Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/5091; mb` Qnxn; wgkKvZ nv/2304, ÔZvmexn I Zvnjx‡ji

dhxjZÕ Aby‡”Q`|

†KD `yÔAv PvB‡j KiYxqt A‡bK gmwR‡` dih QvjvZ wKsev RygÔAvi Qvjv‡Zi ci †KD †KD wcZv-gvZv ev wb‡Ri †ivMgyw³i Rb¨ mevi Kv‡Q `yÔAv Pvq| A‡b‡K Bgv‡gi wbKU cÎ wj‡L `yÔAv Pvq| cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Pvjy Av‡Q e‡jB `yÔAv PvIqvi GB c×wZ Pvjy Av‡Q| Qvjv‡Zi c‡i gybvRv‡Zi †h‡nZz wfwË †bB †m‡nZz `yÔAv PvIqvi GB c×wZI wVK bq| ivm~j (Qvt)I Qvnvex‡ì †_‡K D³ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv PvIqvi †Kvb cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bv| `yÔAv PvIqvi wbqg n'j- †Kvb mgm¨vq co‡j ev †ivMvµvš— nÕ†j GjvKvi ci‡nhMvi, ØxbØvi, nKcš’x Av‡j‡gi Kv‡Q wM‡q `yÔAv PvB‡e| ZLb wZwb cÖ‡qvR‡b Ih~ K‡i wK¡ejvgyLx n‡q nvZ Zz‡j Zvi Rb¨ Avj−vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Ki‡eb| Qvnvev‡q †Kivg D³ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv PvB‡Zb|42 wØZxqZt mevi Kv‡Q `yÔAv PvB‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e mK‡j wbR wbR `yÔAv Ki‡e| Zv Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ †nvK ev Qvjv‡Zi evB‡i †nvK| BgvgI Kv‡iv c‡¶ †_‡K mevi wbKU `yÔAv PvB‡Z cv‡ib hv‡Z mK‡j wbR wbR Zvi Rb¨ `yÔAv K‡i| Bgvg RygÔAvi w`b Zvi Rb¨ Lyrevq `yÔAv Ki‡e Avi evKxiv Avgxb Avgxb ej‡e|43

42. nxn eyLvix nv/4323, 2884,6383, 2/944 c„t| 43. dvZvIqv jvRbv 8/230-31 I 302 c„t; Avj−vgv DQvqgxb, dvZvIqv AviKvwbj Bmjvg, c„t 392|

47 48


Z„Zxq Aa¨vq cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ †ckK…Z eY©bv¸‡jvi ch©v‡jvPbv

(1) wbw`©ófv‡e dih Qvjv‡Zi ci `je×fv‡e nvZ Zyjvi c‡¶ †ckK…Z eY©bv mg~nt dih Qvjv‡Zi ci Bgvg nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡eb Avi gy³v`xMY mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j Avgxb Avgxb Ki‡e GB cÖPwjZ cÖ_v‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ KwZcq eY©bv †ck Kiv nq| hwÌ †m¸‡jvi ØvivI cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ cÖgvwYZ nq bv| ZvQvovI †m¸‡jv meB Rvj, hCd I fyqv| wb‡gœ †mB eY©bv¸‡jv ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv nÕjt

)W( �¥�C�� # 6�@ +� �� 7�� % � &(9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� E��6��*� �+�@ �L�*�� + � �_�% +@ �F K!R ;��< �Y��G 9��< � =�N��D �� *��< ��¦�� T&(*� !7 K!R�� !H ��(�� 0 !" �D��3 �� =&>�" ��*��<

�E�� K� @�3 �} =�J�O C�� .'�% �L!*�8 9�% ��(�C*� � �T =�(�@ � =��D 9��< � =�x��j =��< � ��D 6�� E��@ ��> ��< z}�.M� �E�� L�O�- $�D�� !*��< �(�O 6� &'�� 3 �� -�) ;��< pD�\ U�

�� D.R�>.*��+ =�6�x��] �� #�� 3�D��&* .'% 4 ��< �t�@ �s� �(�@ ��R�$ �'��" �4*� �+!jEC�-�O� �E�. (1) Avbvm Beby gv‡jK (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, bex Kixg (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†Kvb ev›`v hLb cÖ‡Z¨K Qvjv‡Zi ci ¯xq `yÕnvZ cÖmvwiZ K‡i e‡j, †n Avgvi Avj−vn! Beivnxg, BmnvK¡, BqvKz‡ei Avj−vn Ges wReixj, gxKvCj I Bmivdx‡ji Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Kvgbv KiwQ †h, Avcwb Avgvi `yÕAv Keyj Ki“b| KviY Avwg wec`MÖ —| Avgv‡K Avgvi Øx‡bi Dci AUj ivLyb| KviY Avwg `y ©kv KewjZ| Avgvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b, Avwg cvcx| Avgvi `vwi`ª Zv `~i Ki“b, wbðqB Avwg âh©aviYKvix| ZLb Zvi `yÕnvZ wbivk K‡i wdwi‡q bv †Ìqv Avj−vni Rb¨ we‡kl KZ©e¨ n‡q hvqÕ|1

ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU wbZvš—B `ye©j, eis ejv P‡j Rvj ch©v‡qi| KviY GwU wewfbœ †`v‡l `yó| (K) Gi mb‡` `yBRb ivexi bvg fyj i‡q‡Q| Ave`yj Avhxh Beby Ave`yi ingvb Avj-K¡vikx| A_P wiRvjkv‡ ¿ G bv‡gi †Kvb e¨w³‡K cvIqv hvq bv| g~j bvg n‡e Avãyj Avhxh Beby Avãyi ingvb Avj-ev‡jmx|2

1. nv‡dh AveyeKi Bebym mybœx (g„t 364wnt), Avgvjyj BqvIgv Iqvj jvBjvn nv/135, c„t 49; gyÔRvgy Bebyj Avivex, 1173|

2. Avey Avãyj−vn gynv¤§v` Beby Avngv` Avh-hvnvex, gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj dx bvK¡wì wiRvj (êi“Zt `vi“j gvÔ‡idvn, 1963L„t/1382wnt), 2/631 c„t, ivex bs-5112|

(L) Avey BqvK‚e BmnvK¡ Beby Lvwj` Beby Bqvhx` Avj-ev‡jmx bvgK ivexI `ye©j| Zvi m¤ú‡K© RMwØL¨vZ wiRvjkv ¿we` Avj−vgv hvnvex e‡jb, Ô‡m †h nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡Q Zv gybKvi bq hCdÕ|3 gynvwÏQ Beby Av`x e‡jb, ÔZvi nv`xQ eY©bvi e¨vcv‡i Avwg †Kvb gZvgZ cvBwbÕ|4 (M) Avãyj Avhxh bvgK eY©bvKvixI Î“wUc~Y©| Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (773-852) e‡jb, ÔAve`yj Avhxh Zvi (LyQvBd) †_‡K gybKvi nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡QÕ|5 Zvi m¤ú‡K© gynvwÏQ Beby wneŸvb e‡jb, ÔAvgiv Zvi ewY©Z cÖvq 100 wU nv`xQ †c‡qwQ| wKš‘ †KvbwUiB wfwË †bB|6 myZivs ÔGgb cwiw ’‡Z Zvi nv`xQ Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv nvjvj bqÕ|7 Avj−vgv Bgvg hvnvex (int) e‡jb, ÔBgvg Avngv` (int) Zv‡K †`vlv‡ivc K‡i‡QbÕ|8 Bgvg bvmvCmn Ab¨vbïvI e‡jb, Ô†m kw³kvjx bqÕ|9

(N) LyQvBd bvgK e¨w³I bvbv Awf‡hv‡M Awfhy³| Bgvg Beby Lyhvqgvn (223-311 wnt) e‡jb, ÔZvi nv`xQ Øviv `jxj mve¨ — Kiv nq bvÕ|10 Bgvg nvwKg (320-405wnt) e‡jb, Ô†m kw³kvjx bqÕ|11 Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (int) e‡jb, ÔZvi ¯§„wZkw³ `ye©jÕ| †kl Rxe‡b Zvi eY©bv¸‡jv G‡jv‡g‡jv n‡q wM‡qwQj Ges Zvi †_‡K nv`xQ eY©bv Kiv ’wMZ mve¨ — n‡qwQjÕ|12 Bgvg Avngv` (164-241) e‡jb, Ô†m `jx‡ji †hvM¨ bq Ges nv`xQ eY©bvi e¨vcv‡i †m kw³kvjx bqÕ|13 Bgvg Beby gvCb e‡jb, ÔAvgiv Zvi nv`xQ †_‡K LyeB mZK© _vKZvgÕ|14 BqvnBqv Beby K¡vË¡vbI Abyiƒc K_v e‡j‡Qb|15 GQvov LyQvBd-Gi mv‡_ Avbvm (ivt)-Gi Av‡`Š †Kvbw`b mv¶vr nqwb|

3. �>;� �(@ 7#� Dj� ��#$ �S :<� -gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj 1g LÊ, c„t 190| 4. cÖv¸³, c„t 190| 5. D�j� ��#§ _% +@ ��@ t�t;*� #6@ ¨#$ #� -Avngv` Beby Avjx Beby nvRvi Avj-AvmK¡vjvbx,

ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe (êi“Zt `vi“j KzZye Avj-Bjwgqvn, 1415/1994), 3/130c„t, ivex bs 1795 -Gi Av‡jvPbv|

6. �* ^�% i � -gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj, 2/631 c„t| 7. 7�§ �� JO$i� ^©i -gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj, 2/631 c„t, ivex bs 5112| 8. Xª�#«% ��¬� �- gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj, 2/631 c„t| 9. XyRa� _=* Av‡jvPbv `ªt gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj, 2/631 c„t, ivex bs 5112| 10. �a�#§ cO© i -ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe, 3/130| 11. :KR*�� _=*- ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe, 3/130 c„t ivex bs 1795| 12. nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx, ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe (wmwiqvt `vi“i ikx`, 1408/1988), c„t 193,

ivex bs 1718| 13. ��#� £ :K� i< yJ§ _=* -ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe, 3/130 c„t; gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj 1/654| 14. �a�#$ }�O® ��" �� -gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj, 3/130| 15. gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj, 1/653-54|

49 50

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ †hgb Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx e‡jb, ÔAvbvm (ivt) †_‡K †m wKQy ï‡b‡Q g‡g© cÖgvwYZ nqwbÕ|16 ÔKvbhyj D¤§vjÕ cÖ‡YZv e‡jb, ÔG nv`xQwU AZxe RNb¨Õ|17 D‡j−L¨, D³ ivex‡ì Awf‡hv‡Mi e¨vcv‡i mKj gynvwÏQ GKgZ|

wØZxqZt D³ eY©bv‡Z GKK e¨w³i `yÔAv Kivi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q| Bgvg-gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi mv‡_ Gi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB|

Abyaveb‡hvM¨t †h nv`x‡Qi mb` m¤ú‡K© wek¦e‡iY¨ gynvwÏQM‡Yi gš—e¨ Giƒc †m nv`xQ wK KL‡bv MÖnY‡hvM¨ nÕ‡Z cv‡i?18

) e ( � &(��9�� # ;�� 2�#�� u�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� s� �7 K�9�� &'% ��D ��D�N ��% +�@ �y��; =�� % �+ � ��=�@�< �# =�*�K.*� �+�� # =�*�K.*� � 0(�] � �T&(*� �7��R�� y�( 6�R.*� ! �6.R�O C� �K�N�<

�< ��Z�N �+ � �y�-�(�9�< ��( =�6��9 �' <�#�O T��*�< �y�( =�$ �' K�; =�\�O C��* �+ ��M4*� �+ =�-�( C�-.*� �y�> ;��&>!j.*� :�# ��% +�.

(2) Avey ûivqivn (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci wK¡ejvngyLx n‡q emv Ae ’vq Zuvi nvZ Zzj‡jb| AZtci ej‡jb, †n Avj−vn! Kv‡di‡ì nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki“b Iqvjx` Beby Iqvjx`‡K, AvBqvk Beby Avex ivexÕAvn, mvjvgvn Beby †nkvg‡K I Amnvq `ye©j gymwjg‡ì‡K, hviv †Kvb †KŠkj MÖn‡Yi ¶gZv iv‡L bv Ges †Kvb c_ wP‡b bv|19

ZvnK¡xK¡t DcwiD³ nv`x‡Qi b¨vq G nv`xQwUI wewfbœ †`v‡l Avµvš— ev AZ¨š— `ye©j| (K) eY©bvwU gybKvi ev Qnxn nv`x‡Qi mivmwi we‡ivax| KviY Qnxn eyLvix‡Z Gi we‡ivax nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| †hgb-eì hy‡×i mgq ivm~j (Qvt) Kv‡di‡ì wei“‡× ÔKzb~‡Z bv‡hjviÕ gva¨‡g e` `yÔAv K‡iwQ‡jb| Avi Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ †_‡K DVvi ci co‡Z nq, Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c‡i bq, hv meviB Rvbv| A_P D³ eY©bvq mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c‡ii K_v i‡q‡Q| Qnxn eyLvix‡Z H GKB ivex †_‡K ewY©Z nv`xQwU wbgœiƒc-

16. _% + ��° �* oD;� i-ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe, 3/130 c„t -Gi †klvsk Av‡jvPbv `ªt| 17. 2�< KN< -Kvbyhyj D¤§vj nv/3484, 1/183 c„t -M„nxZt Avhxhyi ingvb mvjvdx, `yÔAv‡K Avè Iqv

AvnKvg (†ebvimt B`vivZzj en~Q Avj-Bmjvwgqvn, RvwgÔAv mvjvwdqvn, 1993 L„t), c„t 85| 18. G wel‡q we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv †`Lybt Avjevbx, wmjwmjv hCdvn nv/5701, 12Zg LÊ, 1g Ask, c„t

450-455| 19. Beby Avex nvwZg (240-327wnt)-Gi eiv‡Z nv‡dh Be‡b KvQxi, Zvdmxi“j KziAvwbj Avhxg

(êi“Zt `vi“j gvÔ‡idvn, 1409/1989), 1/555 c„t, m~iv wbmv 97-98 Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v `ªt|

2�#�-�$ +�-�* rs� �u�-�9 �7�� '��" � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� 6��*� &'% ��D ��D�N ��% +�@ �c� �% � �T&(*� �y�; =�� + � ��=�@ �c �% � �T&(*� �B�� d��Z�;.*� ��(�� +� ��D�]±� �y�;."�D*� ��

=�*�K.*� �+ � �# =�*�K.*� �+ =�� ,�-.*� �+� �+ =�>�; U�O C�-.*� �c % � �T4(*� ��Z�N �+ � �y�-�(�9 �c % � �T4(*� �#��9 K�� E��C�" �+ =��9 ��T.(�; �� T&(*� �D�U� ��(�@ �L��8.~�< 3�# h� � �T4(*�X

Avey ûivqivn (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) Gkvi Qvjv‡Zi †kl ivKÕAv‡Z hLb ÔmvwgÔAvj−vû wjgvb nvwg`vnÕ ej‡Zb ZLb wZwb Gfv‡e Kzb~Z co‡Zb †h, †n Avj−vn! Avcwb AvBqvk Beby ivexÕAvn‡K gyw³ `vb Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! Iqvjx` web Iqvjx`‡K gyw³ `vb Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! mvjvgv Beby †nkvg‡K gyw³ `vb Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! Amnvq gywgb‡ì‡K gyw³ `vb Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! gyhviv †Mv‡Îi Dci Avcbvi cÖej kvw — Av‡iv K‡Vvi Ki“b Ges Zvi Dci BDmyd (Avt)-Gi eQ‡ii gZ `ywf©‡¶i eQi K‡i w`bÕ|20

Bgvg eyLvix (194-256 wnt) ÔZvdmxiÕ Aa¨v‡q m~iv wbmvi 99 bs Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v‡ZI GB nv`xQwU eY©bv K‡i‡Qb|21 Abyiƒc Beby KvQxi (701-774 wnt)I D³ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨vq D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| myZivs ¯úó nÕj †h, ewY©Z nv`xQwU Qnxn eyLvixi we‡ivax ev gybKvi, hv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq|

(L) Avjx Beby hv‡q` Beby Ry ÔAvb bvgK GKRb ivex i‡q‡Q †m G‡Kev‡iB ev‡R| †hgb Avngv` Avj-AvRjx (int) e‡jb, Ô‡m kxÕAv gZvej¤^x wQj| †m wbf©i‡hvM¨ bqÕ|22 gynvwÏQ Bqvhx` Beby hyivB e‡jb, ÔAvjx Beby hv‡q`‡K Avwg †`‡LwQ wKš‘ Zvi †_‡K wKQz MÖnY Kwiwb| KviY †m iv‡dhx m¤cÖ v‡qi Aš—f©y³ wQjÕ|23 Bgvg eyLvix I Avey nvwZg (int) e‡jb, ÔZvi Øviv `jxj MÖnY Kiv nq bvÕ|24 Beby Lyhvqgvn e‡jb, ÔZvi ¯§„wZkw³ `ye©j nIqvi Kvi‡Y Avwg Zvi eY©bv Øviv `jxj MÖnY KwiwbÕ|25 gynv¤§v` Beby mvÔ` (168-230) e‡jb, Ô†m cÖPzi nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡Q wKš‘ Zv‡Z `ye©jZv _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zv `vjxj‡hvM¨ bqÕ|26

20. Qnxn eyLvix 2/964 c„t, nv/6393, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq, ÔgykwiK‡ì Dci e` `yÔAv KivÕ Aby‡”Q`-60; 1/410 c„t nv/2932 ÔwRnv`Õ Aa¨vq Aby‡”Q`-98|

21. H, 2/661 c„t, nv/4598, ÔZvdmxiÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-21| 22. :KR*�� _=*< u=ZO� '�" -gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj 3/128 c„t, ivex-5844| 23. �=U�� '��" �² ��@ ^«% ³< �O�� -ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 7/275 c„t; ivex-4905 I gxhvbyj

BÔ‡Z`vj 3/127| 24. �� cO© i -gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj 3/128 c„t| 25. ��>$ dKC* �� cO$% i-ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 7/275| 26. X�� cO© i �;� �=�< ��#� �a" '�" cÖv¸³, 7/274|

51 52

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Bgvg hvnvex e‡jb, †m gybKvi|27 Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbxI hCd e‡j‡Qb|28 Zvi wei“‡× Av‡iv kZ Awf‡hvM i‡q‡Q|29 gynvwÏQ Avãyi ivhhvK Avj-gvn`xI Zvdmx‡i Beby KvQx‡ii ZvnK¡xK¡ Ki‡Z wM‡q D³ mb`‡K hCd e‡j‡Qb|30

(M) nv`xQwU‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †h, mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci wK¡ejvgyLx n‡q ivm~j (Qvt) nvZ Zz‡j `yÕAv Ki‡jb| GUvI Qnxn nv`x‡Qi we‡ivax| KviY Zuvi wPiš—b bxwZ wQj †h, mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci wZwb Wv‡b ev ev‡g wd‡i mivmwi gy³v`x‡ì w`‡K Ny‡i em‡Zb, hv GKvwaK Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ|31

Abyaveb‡hvM¨t Av‡jvPbvq wèv‡jv‡Ki b¨vq ¯úó n‡q †M‡Q †h, G ai‡Yi eY©bv †Kvb Bev`‡Zi Rb¨ MÖnY‡hvM¨ nÕ‡Z cv‡i bv| ZeyI Gi Øviv `je×fv‡e nvZ Zzjvi K_v cÖgvwYZ nq bv|

)q ( � &(��9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�� u� �B =&(�� 7�� =��% +�@ :�D��;.*� �3�K 98.*��@�3�< �� #�� u��< �o�D�G �� &(�9 ��-�(�� D J�>.*�.

(3) AvmIqv` Avj-Av‡gix Zvi wcZv †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib †h, wZwb e‡j‡Qb, Avwg GK`v ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ dR‡ii QvjvZ Av`vq Kijvg| AZtci wZwb mvjvg wdiv‡q Ny‡i em‡jb Ges Zuvi `yÕnvZ DVv‡jb I `yÕAv Ki‡jb|32

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU Rvj| mb`MZ Î“wU nÔj- ejv n‡q _v‡K AvmIqv` Avj-Av‡gix| A_P g~j bvg nÔj Rvwei Beby Bqvhx` Bebyj AvmIqv` Avm-mvIqvC|33 Dcbvg wnmv‡e Avj-Av‡gix D‡j−L Kiv nq †mUvI fyj| g~jZ GB jK¡e n‡e Zvi c~‡e©i ivexi bv‡gi mv‡_| A_©vr BqvÕjv Beby AvZ¡v Avj-Av‡gix|34

27. gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj 3/128 c„t| 28. ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, c„t 401, ivex 4734| 29. we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv `ªt ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 7/274-276 c„t; gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj 3/127-29 c„t| 30. Beby KvQxi, Zvdmxi“j KziAvwbj Avhxg, ZvnK¡xK¡t Avãyi ivhhvK Avj-gvn`x (êi“Zt `vi“j

wKZvwej Avivex, 2005/1426), 2/356 c„t, nv/2218, D³ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v `ªt| 31. Qnxn eyLvix, gymwjg, Avey`vD`, wgkKvZ c„t 87-88; `ªóe¨t Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/944,

945, 947 I nv/946mn UxKv; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 2q LÊ, nv/883-886 ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, ÔZvkvn&û` êV‡K `yÔAv KivÕ Aby‡”Q`|

32. kvqLyj Kzj wdj Kzj mvBwq` bvhxi ûmvBb gynvwÏQ †`njfx (1805-1902), dvZvIqv bvhxwiqvn (w`j−xt B`vivn b~i“j Cgvb, 3q cÖKvkt 1409/1988), 2/565 c„t; Avãyi ingvb gyeviKcyix, ZzndvZzj AvnIqvhx (êi“Zt `vi“j KyZze Avj-Bjwgqvn, 1410/1990), 2/171 c„t, nv/299 Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Ômvjv‡gi ci wK ejv nqÕ Aby‡”Q`|

33. ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 2/42 c„t, ivex- 930| 34. ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe, 11/351 c„t, ivex- 8166|

wØZxqZt me‡P‡q gvivZ¥K †h weåvwš— Zv nÔj, g~j nv`x‡Qi mv‡_ Ab¨ Kv‡iv AwZwi³ K_v †hvM Kiv | D³ nv`x‡Qi †k‡li Ask ( ) ��@3< ��#� u��< ÔAZtci wZwb `yÕnvZ Zzj‡jb Ges `yÔAv Ki‡jbÕ g~j wKZv‡e †bB| nv`xQwU bvhxi ûmvBb gynvwÏQ †`njfx (1805-1902 L„t) Zuvi ÔdvZvIqv bvhxwiqv‡ZÕ D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb Gfv‡eB| AZtci Ave`yi ingvb gyeviKcyix (1865-1935 L„t)I Zuvi MÖš’ ÔZzndvZzj AvnIqvhx‡ZÕ ûeû Hfv‡e D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb Ges Zuviv Df‡qB gyQvbœvd Beby Avex kvqevi eivZ w`‡q‡Qb| wKš‘ gyQvbœvd Beby Avex kvqevn g~j wKZv‡e †k‡li H AskUzKy †bB|35

kvqL Avjevbx (int) e‡jb, G‡Z wg_¨v I Î“wU DfqB mshy³ n‡q‡Q|36 AZtci wZwb e‡jb, wg_¨v nIqvi KviY nÕj, D³ evowZ Ask| Avi gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqev‡Z GB AwZwi³ As‡ki Aw —Z¡ †bB| Ab¨ Kv‡iv wbK‡UI D³ Ask †bB, hviv GB nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| GUv g~jZt cÖe„wËi Zvobvq †KD ms‡hvM K‡i‡Q| Gi †_‡K Avgiv Avj−vni Kv‡Q cwiÎvY Pvw”Q!37

G¶‡Y cÖkœ nÔj, GB AwZwi³ AskUzKz Zuviv wKfv‡e ¯ ¯ MÖ‡š’ D‡j−L Ki‡jb? ejv hvq, Zviv g~j wKZve bv †`‡LB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| we‡kl K‡i Avj−vgv Avãyi ingvb gyeviKcyix (int) †h g~j MÖš’ bv †`‡LB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb, Zv wZwb wb‡RB cwi®‹vifv‡e e‡j w`‡q‡Qb| wZwb D³ eY©bv D‡j−L K‡i e‡jb, ÔGfv‡eB wKQy Ijvgv‡q †Kivg nv`xQwU mb` QvovB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb Ges gyQvbœvd Be‡b kvqevi w`‡K m‡¤vwÜZ K‡i‡Qb| Avwg Gi mb` m¤ú‡K© AeMZ bBÕ ) D"� �M"2#�9 �(@ ��% ³< ��)�� #�9 �V� ��#� �MN ��@²� `;�( 38

Abyiƒc bhxi ûmvBb †`njfxI g~j wKZve bv †`‡LB D×„Z K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z m‡›`n †bB| KviY dvZvIqv bvhxwiqv‡Z G msµvš— 4wU cÖ‡kœvËi D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| PviwU‡ZB D³ nv`xQ GKBfv‡e D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q|39 hw` g~j wKZve †`Lv nÕZ ZvnÕ‡j mb`MZ I gZbMZ GZ fyj wbðqB nÕZ bv| Avj−vgv Ievq`yj−vn gyeviKcyix (int) e‡jb, Zvi c~‡e© kvqL gwnDÏxb (int) ÔAvj-evjv¸j gyexbÕ MÖ‡š’ Ges Avj−vgv gynv¤§v` Qv‡`K wkqvj‡KvUx ÔQvjvZzi ivm~jÕ-G

35. †`Lybt nv‡dh Avãyj−vn Beby Avex kvqevn, Avj-gyQvbœvd (êi“Z Qvcvt `vi“j wdKi, cÖ_g cÖKvkt 1409 wnt/1989 L„t), 1g LÊ, c„t 337|

36. �\]< FM" �=�< -wmjwmjv hCdvn 12/453 c„t| 37. �D�]% +´ 2�S #�@ i ��)�� £ �¦ ^�%i �3��t*� 2MN '�� @3< ��#� u��< �*KR� FMj*� �%

1�;� s�� =;*�< 2�KN �=(@ 2�% �´ �N �µ�< ��#�X -wmjwmjv hCdvn 12/453 c„t| 38. ZzndvZzj AvnIqvhx ki‡n wZiwghx, 2/171 c„t, D³ nv`x‡Qi †kl Av‡jvPbv `ªt| 39. †`Lybt dvZvIqv bvhxwiqvn, 2/560-570 c„t|

53 54

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ H GKBfv‡e D‡j−L K‡i‡QbÕ|40 nqZ ZuvivI g~j wKZve bv †`‡LB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|

ewa©Z Ask ��@3< ��#� u��( ) †h Avm‡jB D³ nv`x‡Qi Ask bq, Zvi Av‡iv ev —e cÖgvY nÔj- G nv`xQwU GKB ivex †_‡K mybv‡b Avey vE`41, bvmvC42 I evqnvK¡x mybvbyj Kzeiv43 BZ¨vw` MÖš’ mg~‡n ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †Kv_vI D³ ewa©Z Ask †bB| †Kej oD¶� ch©š— Av‡Q| †hgb- ��% 3K9²� +� #�t� +@ oD�¶� �(�� -(� �6)*� �� (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� u �(�X

GQvov GKB ivex †_‡K gymbv‡` Avngv`44, wZiwghx45, Avey vE`46, bvmvC47, gy —vìv‡K nvwKg, evqnvK¡x cÖf„wZ‡ZI GKB g‡g© j¤v nv`xQ G‡m‡Q, wKš‘ H ewa©Z AskUzKz †bB|

D‡j−L¨, dvZvIqv bvhxwiqv‡Z Qvjv‡Zi ci nvZ Zzjvi e¨vcv‡i †gvU 4wU eY©bv †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dwj−wLZ dvZvIqvi g‡a¨ †jLK GKeviI Bgvg-gy³v`x wg‡j RvgvÕAvZ e×fv‡e `yÔAv Kivi K_v e‡jbwb| †mB mv‡_ nv`xQ¸‡jv †h hCd Zv cÖ‡Z¨K dvZvIqv‡ZB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|48 GQvov `yÔAv Kivi c‡¶ †h nv`xQ¸‡jv wZwb †ck K‡i‡Qb †m¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© wZwb GKwU dvZvIqvi ïi“‡Z cwi®‹vifv‡e e‡j w`‡q‡Qb †h, Ôdih bvgvh ci `yÔnvZ Zzjvi welqwU KwZcq hCd nv`xQ Øviv mve¨ —Õ �>=;�� 3�$% `;� yU�D� ��µ #;� +�#=*� u��N B��H �9 |49

Abyaveb‡hvM¨t weÁ gn‡ji Rb¨ GZUzKz ejvB h‡_ó †h, †h‡Kvb nv`xQ g~j MÖ‡š’ bv †`‡L Ges h_vh_ Z`š— QvovB mgv‡R cÖPvi Kiv KZ eo weåvwš—| we‡kl K‡i wjwLZfv‡e cÖPvi Kiv| GL‡bv hw` gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqevn ¯P‡¶ †`Lv nÕZ, ZvnÕ‡j G wel‡q GZ weåvwš— QovZ bv| A_P D³ weK…Z nv`xQ Ges Avi GB dvZvIqv bvhxwiqv‡KB cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Kivi eo nvwZqvi

40. we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv †`Lybt Avj−vgv Ievq`yj−vn gyeviKcyix, gvwmK gynvwÏQ (†evbvimt Ryb 1982), c„t 25-28 I 19| 41. Avey`vE` (g~j Dcgnv‡`kxq Qvcv), c„t 90; Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/614, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Ômvjv‡gi ci Bgv‡gi Ny‡i emvÕ Aby‡”Q`-72| 42. bvmvC 1/149 c„t; Qnxn bvmvC nv/1333| 43. Avm-mybvbyj Kzeiv, 2/258 c„t, nv/2999, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq Ômvjv‡gi ci Bgv‡gi Ny‡i emvÕ Aby‡”Q`-275| 44. gymbv‡` Avngv`, 4/161 c„t| 45. wZiwghx ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq Aby‡”Q`-163| 46. Avey`vE` 85 c„t; Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/575 ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq| 47. bvmvC 1/98 c„t; Qnxn bvmvC nv/857 ÔBgvgwZÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-54| 48. †`Lybt dvZvIqv bvhxwiqvn, 2/564-570| 49. dvZvIqv bvhxwiqvn, 2/565 c„t|

g‡b Kiv nq| GQvov D³ eY©bv¸‡jv †h hCd Zv dvZvIqv bvhxwiqvi †jLK wb‡RB e‡j w`‡q‡Qb| A_P †m w`‡K †KD j¶¨ K‡i bv| GiciI †mLv‡b mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Kivi K_v D‡j−L †bB|

D‡j−L¨, Dcgnv‡`‡ki †kªô wZb gbxlx wek¦weL¨vZ e¨w³Z¡ gynvwÏQ bvhxi ûmvBb †`njfx, Avãyi ingvb gyeviKcyix I †k‡i cvÄve dv‡Z‡n K¡vw`qvb Avj−vgv QvbvDj−vn Ag„Zmix (1868-1948 L„t)50 gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q Gi cÖgv‡Y †h `jxj¸‡jv †ck K‡i‡Qb †m¸‡jv Î“wUc~Y©| Aek¨ Zviv wb‡RivB D³ Î“wU D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| Avi we‡kl `jxj wnmv‡e AvmIqv` Av‡gixi D³ Î“wUc~Y© eY©bvwU D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| wØZxqZt cieZ©x `yB weØvb g~jZt bvhxi ûmvBb †`njfxi AbymiY K‡i‡Qb gvÎ| myZivs ev —e welqwU h_vh_fv‡e Dcjwä K‡i gnvm‡Zï SvÊvevnx wnmv‡e wbi‡c¶ ü`‡q GB weZK© †kl Kiv GKvš— KZ©e¨| †hgbwU K‡i‡Qb H wZb cwÊ‡Zi cÖK…Z DËim~ix RMwØL¨vZ gbxlx Avj−vgv Ievq`yj−vn gyeviKcyix Ges ÔAvi-ivnxKzj gvLZ~gÕ cÖ‡YZv Avj−vgv QwdDi ingvb gyeviKcyix (int)| Zviv G‡¶‡Î c~e©m~ix‡ì w`‡K bv †h‡q cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi †Kvb wfwË †bB e‡j mgvavb w`‡q‡Qb| KviY Pvi Ljxdv mn Ab¨vb¨ Qvnvex I mvjvdx gbxlx‡ìI †h‡nZz fyj n‡q‡Q ZvB †KD fy‡ji E‡aŸ© bb|

) v ( D��3 £ K@#�� '�" � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� s� �7 K�9�� &'% ��D ��D�N ��% +�@ y>;�< y;=�� ·% +� ��=@< ��ZN +� y-(9< #=*K*� ¯(] T(*� DT�*� ��

�=69 '<#OT�i< y(=$ 'K;=\OC�i +�M*� ¸"DZ�� :#�% + ¸-(C��. (4) Avey ûivqivn (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) †hvni Qvjv‡Zi ci Gg‡g© `yÕAv Ki‡Zb †h, Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Iqvjx`, mvjvgvn Beby †nkvg, AvBqvk Beby Avex ivexÕAvn Ges Amnvq `ye©j gymwjg‡ì‡K gykwiK‡ì nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki“b, hviv Kjv-‡KŠkj MÖn‡Yi mvg_© iv‡L bv Ges †Kvb c_I wP‡b bvÕ|51

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU AZ¨š— `ye©j| Qnxn eyLvixi nv`x‡Qi we‡ivax| KviY GB nv`x‡Q ÔKzb~‡Z bv‡hjvÕ m¤ú‡K© ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| hv Qvjv‡Zi †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ †_‡K DVvi ci co‡Z nq| Gi mb‡Ì Avjx Beby hv‡q` Beby Ry ÔAvb i‡q‡Q| hvi m¤ú‡K© 2bs nv`x‡Q Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| GQvov Av‡iv `yÕRb

50. dvZvIqv QvbvBqvn (w`j−xt gvKZvevn ZiRygvb, Avn‡jnv`xQ gwÄj, 2002), 1/500-507 c„t| 51. Avngv` 2/407 c„t; Avey RvÔdi gynv¤§v` Beby Rvixi AvZ-Zvevix (g„t 310), Zvdmxi“Z Zvevix-

Rv‡gDj evqvb dx ZvÔexwjj KziAvb, ZvnK¡xK¡t nvbx Avj-nv¾, Bgv` I Lvqix mvC` (Kvq‡ivt Avj-gvKZvevZzZ ZvIdxwK¡qvn, Zvwe), 5/277 c„t, nv/1094; Beby KvQxi 1/555 c„t, m~iv wbmv 97-98 Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v `ªt|

55 56


fyqv ivex i‡q‡Q| Zvi GKR‡bi bvg nv¤§v`| g~j bvg nv¤§v` web Ave`yi ingvb| Bgvg hvnvex e‡jb, †m AcwiwPZ|52 Avey hyiÔAvn (int) e‡jb, Ô†m A‡bK gybKvi nv`xQ eY©bv K‡i‡QÕ|53 Avey nvwZg e‡jb, Ô†m AcwiwPZ e¨w³| gybKvi I hCd nv`xQ eY©bvKvixÕ|54 wØZxq Rb Beivnxg Beby Ave`yj−vn Avj-K¡vikx| wiRvjkv‡ ¿ G ivexi †Kvb Aw —Z¡& cvIqv hvq bv|55 Beby KvQxiI hCd mve¨ — K‡i‡Qb|56 Zvdmx‡i Beby Rvix‡ii gynvwK¡K¡e„›Ì D³ eY©bv‡K hCd e‡j‡Qb|57

) | ( ��(�� :%��< �D =��pt*� �+ � �s� �# 6�@ �B �%�� 7�� -�( 9�8.*� ��= G�� + � �#�-�G� +�@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�� &'� �7�� T �� D�� -�(�� (�� +� ��D.>�� .'% � 6�� #�� l;��

�u�� D�� +!j�� * � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ ��(�� +� ��D.>�� ¹�$ �� #�� . (5) gynv¤§v` Beby BqvnBqv Avj-Avmjvgx e‡jb, GK`v Avwg Avãyj−vn Beby hyevBi (ivt)-†K †`Ljvg †h, wZwb GK e¨w³‡K QvjvZ †kl Kivi c~‡e©B `yÔnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡Z †`L‡jb| AZtci †m hLb QvjvZ †kl Kij ZLb wZwb ej‡jb, wbðqB ivm~j (Qvt) QvjvZ †kl Kivi c~‡e© nvZ DVv‡Zb bvÕ|58

ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU hCd| nvqQvgx (int) D³ eY©bvi ivex‡ì m¤ú‡K© Ôwbf©i‡hvM¨Õ e‡j gš—e¨ Ki‡jI wZwb c~Y©v½ mb` D‡j−L K‡ibwb| Gi mb‡` dzhvBj Beby myjvBgvb bv‡g `ye©j ivex Av‡Q| Beby gvCb, Avey nv‡Zg, Avey hyiÔAvn, Beby Av`x cÖgyL †kªô gynvwÏQMY Zv‡K `ye©j e‡j‡Qb|59 wØZxqZt nv`xQwU gybKvi| KviY ivm~j (Qvt) †h Qvjv‡Zi ci nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡ibwb Zv Ab¨vb¨ Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ| Z…ZxqZt GwU mybœvZ QvjvZ msµvš— Ges GKvKx `yÔAv Kivi wel‡q ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|60

52. gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj 1/597 c„t, ivex 2257| 53. �"�� 3�$% :<D� -ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 3/16 c„t ivex-1577| 54. X ��#� �=;� ��#� Dj� 7KTº ¡=h cÖv¸³, 3/16 c„t| 55. `ªóe¨t gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj, ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe cÖf„wZ| 56. Beby KvQxi, 1/555 c„t| 57. H, 5/277 c„t, nv/1094; ZvnK¡xK¡ Be‡b KvQxi 2/356 c„t, nv/22198| 58. ZveivYx, Avj-gyÔRvgyj Kexi nv/13737; gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q` 10/169 c„t; Avj−vgv myq~Z¡x,

dvhhyj weÔAv nv/42| 59. ¸* y@��K�% 7��< yRa� _=* ¸; +�� 7�� :KR*�� _=* »�$ K�% 7�� -gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj 3/361 c„t,

ivex bs-6767| 60. gvIjvbv Avhxhyi ingvb mvjvdx, `yÔAv †K Avè Iqv AvnKvg, c„t 100|

)� ( �.a� !��(�)*� � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� !7 K�9�� 7�� 7�� 6�@ �+ � � U�>.*� �+�@ pD�U��< zu�Z�b��< �+ =�O�;."�� 0 !" �� z#pT�Z�� .a� !7 K�!R�� L ��#�� u��.R�� !H z+!j C�-��< z�

EF�� EF�� !7 K!R��< �L�T ��< �-�T� K!\�6�� (�6.R�O C� �LE�� 1� ��-�T�;�� D�� ! ��* +��<z��#�] �K�T�� y��<�� < ��M�"�< ��M�" �K�T�� L�*� . �;.>��.

(6) dhj Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔQvjvZ `yB `yB ivKÔAvZ K‡i| cÖ‡Z¨K `yÕivKÔAv‡ZB Zvkvnû` _vK‡e Ges fxwZc~Y©, webqm¤úbœ Ges Amnv‡qi Qvc _vK‡e| AZtci Zzwg †Zvgvi `yÕnvZ cÖmvwiZ Ki‡eÕ| ivex e‡jb, †Zvgvi `yÔnvZ †Zvgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki w`‡K DVv‡e Ges `yÕnv‡Zi †c‡Ui w`K †Zvgvi gyLgÊ‡ji mvg‡b †i‡L ej‡e, †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK! †n Avgvi cÖwZcvjK (Gfv‡e `yÕAv Ki‡e)| Avi †h Giƒc Ki‡e bv †m Abyiƒc, Abyiƒc| Ab¨ eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, Zvi QvjvZ Am¤ú~Y©|61

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU AZ¨š— hCd| Gi mb‡` Avãyj−vn web bv‡d Bebyj AvmBqv bvgK GKRb ev‡R ivex i‡q‡Q| Bgvg eyLvix (int) Zvi m¤ú‡K© e‡jb, ÔZvi nv`xQ Qnxn bqÕ|62 Avj−vgv hvnvex Bgvg eyLvixi Dw³ †ck K‡i D`vniY wnmv‡e Av‡jvP¨ nv`xQwUB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|63 Bgvg eyLvixi wk¶K Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx (int) Zv‡K AcwiwPZ e‡j‡Qb|64 Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbxI Zv‡K AcwiwPZ e‡j‡Qb|65 kvqL Avjevbx (int)I Zuvi ZvnK¡xK¡ K…Z mybv‡bi cÖwZwU MÖ‡š’B hCd e‡j‡Qb|66

Abyaveb‡hvM¨t hvi ewY©Z nv`xQ‡K ÔAvgxi“j gywgbxb wdj nv`xQÕ Bgvg eyLvix (int) mn cÖL¨vZ gynvwÏQMY cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Qb Zvi nv`xQ wb‡q Uvbv-†nuPov Kiv KZUzKz hyw³ m½Z? ZvI Avevi GUv mybœvZ QvjvZ msµvš— Ges ¯ ¯ e¨w³MZ e¨vcvi| cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi mv‡_ Gi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB|

61. wZiwghx, 1/87 c„t, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, ÔQvjv‡Z fxZ nIqvÕ Aby‡”Q`; Avey`vE`, c„t 183, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Ôw`‡bi QvjvZÕ Aby‡”Q`; Beby gvRvn, c„t 93-94; wgkKvZ, c„t 77; Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ 1/253 c„t, nv/805; e½vbyev` 2q LÊ, nv/749, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, ÔQvjv‡Zi weeiYÕ Aby‡”Q`|

62. �a�#$ �)� i -ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 6/48 c„t; gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj 2/512 c„t| 63. `ªt gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj 2/512 c„t, ivex-4644| 64. ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 6/47-48 c„t, ivex-3782| 65. ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, c„t 326, ivex-3658| 66. hCd wZiwghx, c„t 42, nv/60; hCd Avey`vE`, c„t 10, nv/1296; hCd Beby gvRvn, c„t 99,

nv/246; hCdzj Rv‡gÔ AvQ-QMxi, nv/3512|

57 58


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(8) ÔdR‡ii Qvjv‡Zi mgq nÕ‡j (AvjvDj nvhivgxi wb‡`©‡k) Avhvb †Ìqv nÕj| Zvici †jvK‡ì wb‡q wZwb QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡jb| wZwb hLb QvjvZ mgvß Ki‡jb ZLb `yB nuvUz †M‡o em‡jb| †jv‡KivI Abyiƒcfv‡e emj| Zvici wZwb `yÔAvq g‡bvwb‡ek Ki‡jb Ges `yÕnvZ Zzj‡jb| †jv‡KivI Abyiƒc Kij| wZwb m~h© DVv ch©š— Gfv‡e `yÔAv Ki‡Z _vK‡jbÕ|68

67. Avãyj Kv‡ì Rxjvbx, ¸bBqvZzZ Z¡v‡jexb (jv‡nvit wQÏxK¡x †cÖm, Zvwe), c„t 587-88, Ôdih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i †h mg¯— `yÔAv Kiv nqÕ Aa¨vq|

68. Aveyj †d`v BgvgyÏxb Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqvn Iqvb wbnvqvn (Kvq‡ivt `vi“i ivBqvb, 1998/1408), 6 LÊ, c„t 370, ÔevnivB‡bi hy×Õ Aby‡”Q`|

ZvnK¡xK¡t GwU GKwU HwZnvwmK NUbv, hv mb` wenxb ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Avi HwZnvwmK I mb` wenxb †Kvb e³e¨‡K `jxj wnmv‡e MÖnY Kiv hvq bv|69 mb` _vKvi ciI `ye©jZvi Kvi‡Y †hLv‡b nv`xQ MÖnY‡hvM¨ nq bv, †mLv‡b D³ NUbv wKfv‡e `jxj wnmv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ nÕ‡Z cv‡i?

wØZxqZt GB `yÔAvi welqwU wQj g~jZt Bw — ‹v ev cvwb PvIqvi Rb¨| Avi cvwb cÖv_©bvi Rb¨ D³fv‡e `yÔAv Kivi Qnxn nv`xQ i‡q‡Q| g~j NUbvwU nÕj, evnivB‡bi hy‡×i cÖvKKv‡j gymwjg ˆmbvevwnbx Ggb GK ’v‡b Ae ’vb MÖnY K‡i †hLv‡b cvwb msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y RbM‡Yi _vKv KóKi nw”Qj| GgbwK Zv‡ì DU¸‡jv Zv‡ì Lv`¨ mvgMÖx, cvbxq I e ¿ mg~n wc‡V K‡i wb‡q nvwi‡q wM‡qwQj| d‡j Zv‡ì mv‡_ Zv‡ì ci‡bi Kvco Qvov Avi wKQyB wQj bv| RbMY AZ¨š— wPwš—Z n‡q c‡owQj| AZtci Qvnvex AvjvDj nvhivgx (ivt) †jvK‡ì †W‡K wb‡q dR‡ii QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i m~h©v — ch©š— `yÔAv Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| Gw`‡K †jv‡KivI m~h©wKi‡Yi w`‡K G‡Ki ci GK †`L‡Z _v‡K| Avi wZwb `yÔAv Kivq gk¸j _vK‡jb| wZwb hLb `yÔAvi Z…Zxq ch©v‡q †cuŠQ‡jb ZLb Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡ì Rb¨ Zv‡ì cv‡k GKwU kxZj cvwbi cyKzi ˆZix K‡i w`‡jb| AZtci wZwb mn RbMY †mLv‡b †Mj Ges cvwb cvb Kij I †Mvmj Kij| w`‡bi weKvk nÕ‡Z bv nÕ‡ZB Zv‡ì DU¸‡jv wc‡Vi eySv mn wewfbœ w`K †_‡K wd‡i Avmj| wKš‘ RbMY Zv‡ì Avmevec‡Îi GKwUI nvivqwb| AZtci Zviv Zv‡ì DU¸‡jv‡K Dì c~wZ© K‡i cvwb cvb Kiv‡jv|70

AZGe ¯úó †h, D³ `yÔAvi welqwU wQj cvwb cÖv_©bv mv‡_ mswk−ó| †hgb ivm~j (Qvt) RygÔAvi w`b wg¤‡ii Dci ùvwo‡q mKj gyQj−x‡K wb‡q nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡iwQ‡jb|71 cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi mv‡_ GB NUbvi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB|

`je×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi Ab¨vb¨ eY©bv mg~n, †hLv‡b wbw`©ó †Kvb ’v‡bi K_v D‡j−L †bBt

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69. Bgvg myq~Z¡x, Avj-BZK¡vb dx Dj~wgj KziAvb (w`j−xt KzZze Lvbv BkÔAvZzj Bmjvg, Zvwe), 2/227-228 c„t| 70. )Â(� �-(� d�@#*� £ #TOÃ KN< :D]% #;� �D u-(� _-Z*� F�D9 1� '<D�� *� ^;� ya*�a*�

�K(COS�< �K�DZ� �=*� ��*� �Z< �Z-� ��DR*� d�� + �-=�@ �D�#S T6�� 1� s� 5(] #� �� KRC�� j(�9 TO;O% + ��*� #R>� ³ �T=(@ �Ä c� ^" + ^�¬� B(6�% ¹$ ��T�*� 1�;� �-� �Å #�;� �(@ ^�¬�( -Avj-we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqvn 6/332-333 c„t, ÔevnivB‡bi Awaevmx‡ì gyiZv` nIqv Ges cybivq Bmjv‡gi w`‡K wd‡i Avmvi eY©bvÕ|

71. Qnxn eyLvix nv/1092, ÔBw¯— ‹vÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-21|

59 60

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ †ck Kiv Ges ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi bvg w`‡q eY©bv Kiv gv‡b Zuvi mybœv‡Zi gh©v`v ¶zYœ Kiv|

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73. Avjevbx, hCdzj Rv‡gÔ AvQ-QvMxi Iqv whqv`vZzû (êi“Zt Avj-gvKZveyj Bmjvgx, Zvwe), 5/95 c„t, nv/5070|

(11) Avey ûhvqd BmnvK¡ Beby weki H e¨w³ †_‡K eY©bv K‡i‡Qb whwb Zvi Kv‡Q D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, GK`v AveyeKi (ivt) mvC` Beby Av‡gi Beby ûhvBg‡K cvVv‡jb Ges Zv‡K wb‡`©k w`‡jb wZwb †hb mdi K‡i Bqvhx` Beby Avex mydBqv‡bi mv‡_ mv¶vr K‡i| AZtci (Zv‡K cvVv‡bvi ci) AveyeKi (ivt) ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ev›`viv! †Zvgiv Avj−vni wbK‡U `yÔAv K‡iv †hb †Zvgv‡ì mv_x fvB †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ GKwÎZ nq Ges Zviv †hb Zv‡K wbivcËv `vb K‡i| myZivs †Zvgiv mK‡j †Zvgv‡ì nvZ Zz‡jv| †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZ Avj−vn ing Ki‡eb| AZtci †jv‡Kiv Zv‡ì nvZ Zzjj| †mLv‡b Zviv 50-Gi AwaK †jvK wQj| Avjx (ivt) e‡jb, KwZcq gymwjg e¨w³ Zv‡ì cÖfyi wbKU nvZ Zz‡j wKQz PvB‡j Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zv‡ì `yÔAv Keyj K‡ib| hw` Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb Aeva¨ I AvZ¥xqZv wQbœKvix bv _v‡K|74

ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU Rvj ev wg_¨v| Gi c~Y©v½ mb` †bB| Gi g‡a¨ ûhvqdvn BmnvK¡ Beby weki bv‡g GKRb wg_y K ivex i‡q‡Q| †m nv`xQ Rvj KiZ| gynvwÏQMY Zv‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Qb| Avjx Bebyj gv`xbx I `vivKzrbx Zv‡K wg_y K I cwiZ¨³ e‡j‡Qb|75 ZvQvov G&Uv GKRb Qvnvexi e³e¨ gvÎ|

we‡kl ÁvZe¨t DcwiD³ HwZnvwmK eY©bvi b¨vq Beby mvÔ`, Dm`yj Mvevn, Zvix‡L Zvevix cÖf„wZ BwZnvm MÖš’ †_‡K wewfbœ Qvnvex, Zv‡eC I cieZ©x weØvbM‡Yi c¶ nÕ‡Z dih Qvjv‡Zi ci Qvov Ab¨vb¨ ’v‡b `je× `yÔAvi KwZcq eY©bv †ck Kiv nq| †m¸‡jvi Qnxn †Kvb wfwË †bB| A‡bK eY©bvi mbÌ †bB| myZivs ivm~j (Qvt) †h Avg‡ji Aby‡gv`b †`bwb †m Avgj †hB Pvjy Ki“K bv †Kb Zv KL‡bv MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| hZ¶Y Zv Qnxn mb` Øviv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Avgj wnmv‡e cÖgvwYZ bv n‡e| gymwjg Rb mvaviY‡K Gwel‡q mZK© `„wó ivL‡Z n‡e|

cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ †ckK…Z Av‡iv Ab¨vb¨ eY©bvt

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74. Beby AvmvwKi, Avj−vgv myq~Z¡x, dvh&hyj weÔAv dx Avnv`xwQ ivdBj Bqv`v‡qb wdÏyÔAv, nv/13| 75. P<DO F�M" �\��#*� 7�>�< ��#�� +� �(@ ��M"< 2�K"D� -gxhvbyj BÔ‡Z`vj dx bvK¡wì wiRvj

(êi“Zt `vi“j wdKi, Zvwe), 1284 c„t, ivex bs 739|

61 62


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ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU AZ¨š— `ye©j; eis `yÔAv msµvš— AskUzKz Rvj| Beby Lyhvqgvn (223-311) e‡jb, ÔGi cÖ_g AskUzKz RvjÕ|77 kvqL Avjevbx (int) e‡jb, ÔG nv`x‡Qi m~‡Î wek„sLjv I ee©iZv i‡q‡Q| Beby Zvqwgqvn Ges Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) hCd nIqvi c‡¶ K‡VviZv e¨³ K‡i‡QbÕ|78 GZØ¨ZxZ wZwb hCd Avey vE` I hCd wZiwghx‡ZI eY©bvwU D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|79 Abyaveb‡hvM¨: GKw`‡K Rvj eY©bv Ab¨w`‡K GUv Qvjv‡Zi gv‡Si NUbv| GLv‡b `je×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi K_vI ejv nqwb| Zvn‡j Gai‡bi eY©bv cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ †ck Kivi D‡Ïk¨ Kx? mvaviY gvbyl †Kb †auvKvq co‡e bv?

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77. �K��K �� 7<²� oD\*� £-Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ (êi“Zt 1405/1985), 1/336 c„t, nv/1070 Gi UxKv `ªt|

78. =R*� +��< y=-=� +�� >;U� �t� #�< y*�T�< F�D\�� 23��9� £< - cÖv¸³, 1/336 c„t UxKv bs 2| 79. hCd Avey`vD`, c„t 17-18, nv/90-91; hCd wZiwghx, c„t 38, nv/ 55; hCdzj Rv‡gÔ nv/2565|

(13) Avey g~mv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, Ô†h e¨w³ Avj−vn ZvÕAvjvi wbKU †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb c~iY Ki‡Z Pvq †m †hb H wel‡q dih Qvjv‡Zi ci `yÔAv K‡iÕ|80

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU hCd| Gi mb‡` Avngv` Beby Ave`yj RveŸvi I Bqvwmi bvgK `yÕRb Î“wUc~Y© ivex i‡q‡Q| Avngv` Beby Ave`yj RveŸvi m¤ú‡K© Beby gyZ¡xj (int) e‡jb, Ô†m wg_¨v nv`xQ iPbv KiZÕ|81 Avey nv‡Zg e‡jb, Ô‡m kw³kvjx bqÕ|82 Beby Av`x e‡jb, ÔAvwg Zv‡ì (gynvwÏQM‡Yi) cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB †`‡LwQ Zviv Zv‡K hCd mve¨ — Ki‡ZbÕ|83 Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx Zv‡K hCd e‡j‡Qb|84 Gi m¤ú‡K© Avj−vgv hvnvex e‡jb, Ô†m GKKfv‡e nv`xQ eY©bv KiZÕ|85 Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx Ab¨Î e‡j‡Qb, Ô†m AcwiwPZÕ|86

)Wv ( (@ s� �(� ½�*� +@ ��@ s� �� _% +@ £ ��¬� �� (9< �= �@3 + '�� DC]%< '�� (�% yjx�� 7�� y«D*� 7t �>� :K9 ¿ �;�K

DC]% #JC�� + �D] ¿ K@#�i +< �(�% y�KOj�� K(� #;�. (14) Avbvm (ivt) bex Kixg (Qvt) †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib †h, Bgvg hLb Zvi ’v‡b ùvovq AZtci KvZvi †mvRv Kiv nq ZLb ingZ bvwhj nq| †d‡ikZvMY e‡jb, AgyK mdjKvg nÕj Avi AgyK ¶wZMÖ — nÕj| †h e¨w³ dih QvjvZ ci `yÔAv Kij †m mdjKvg nÕj| Avi †h e¨w³ `yÔAv bv K‡i gmwR` †_‡K †ei n‡q †Mj †m ¶wZMÖ — nÕjÕ|

ZvnK¡xK¡t D³ eY©bv wfwËnxb| GwU †Kvb& MÖ‡š’ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Ges Zvi mb`Bev wK Zv Rvbv hvq bv| Z‡e ¸wbqvZzZ Z¡v‡jex‡b Gai‡bi GKwU AvswkK eY©bv cvIqv hvq| wKš‘ ZviI mb` †bB| hv 6bs nv`x‡Q D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| myZivs G eY©bv m¤ú~Y© ARvbv| wewfbœ PwU eB‡q G¸‡jv cvIqv hvq| wKš‘ &nv`x‡Qi MÖš’ mg~‡n AbymÜvb K‡i Gi Aw —Z¡ cvIqv hvqwb|

80. Beby AvmvwKi (499-517), Zvix‡L w`gv®‹‹-Gi eiv‡Z nv‡dh Beby KvQxi, Avj-we`vqv Iqvb wbnvqvn, 9/123 c„t, Ônv¾vR web BDmyd- Gi RxebxÕ Aa¨vq|

81. FMj� '�" -gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj 1/112 c„t, ivex-443| 82. :KR*�� _=* -ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, 1/47 c„t, ivex -72| 83. º �(@ TOx��>;� �(@ ¸;- -gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj 1/112 c„t| 84. ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, c„t 81, ivex bs-64| 85. gxhvbyj BÔwZ`vj, 4/444 c„t| 86. 7KTº �� -ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, c„t 607|

63 64


)W| (d�@#*� 1� �K@t�� 6)*� O=(� �� (9< �=(@ s� 7K9� 7��. (15) ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, ÔhLb †Zvgiv dR‡ii QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e ZLb `yÔAvq g‡bvwb‡ek KiÕ|87

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU Rvj| Gi mb‡` Avãyj−vn web Avngv` Beby BÔQvg bvgK ivex i‡q‡Q †m nv`xQ Rvj KiZ| Avãyi ingvb Avj-AvbgvZ¡x e‡jb, Ô†m wg_y KÕ|88 wiRvjkv‡ ¿ Gi cwiPq cvIqv hvq bv|89

)W� ( �s� !7 K�9�� 7�� £ yO6*� jJx�K$ s� �K(9 � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� 6)*�.

(16) Ôiv‡dÕ †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, †Zvgv‡ì AZ¨š— cÖ‡qvRbxq welq¸‡jv Avj−vni Kv‡Q dRi Qvjv‡Z PvIÕ|90

ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU hCd| Gi mb‡` Lv‡j` Beby Bqvhx` Ges gyÔAvweqvn Beby Qv‡jn `yBRb eY©bvKvix AcwiwPZ|91

)W� ( 7�� JOC '�"< :DT>*� y-(C +� }=6$ +@ �D�DN ·% +@ +,�< TU;� K@#=� Ê u-OÃi 7KR� �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� B;° ��(*

s� É��% i� NDx�9. (17) Avey ûivqivn (ivt) nvexe web gvmjvgv Avj-wdnix (ivt) †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib, hvi `yÔAv Keyj Kiv nÕZ| wZwb GK`v †jvK‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡Z ï‡bwQ †h, wKQz †jvK GKwÎZ n‡q Zvi g‡a¨ †KD †KD `yÔAv Ki‡j Avi †KD †KD Avgxb Avgxb ej‡j Avj−vn Zv‡ì `yÔAv Keyj K‡ibÕ|92

87. LZ¡xe Avj-evM`v`x (392-463), Zvix‡L evM`v`, 12/155 c„t| 88. F��"KN -Avj-gyMbx 1/429 c„t| 89. Avjevbx, wmjwmjvn hCdvn Iqvj gvIh~ÕAvn (wiqvht gvKZvevZzj gvÔAvwid, 1408/1988),

4/380 c„t nv/1908| 90. iƒBqvbx, gymbv` 2/142 c„t| 91. we¯—vwiZ Av‡jvPbv `ªt, wmjwmjvn hCdvn Iqvj gvIh~ÕAvn 4/380 c„t, nv/1908| 92. ZveivYx Kexi, Bgvg nv‡dh Avey Avãyj−vn Avj-nv‡Kg bxkvcyix, Avj-gy¯—vìvK AvjvQ Qnxnv‡qb,

ZvnK¡xK¡t gyQZ¡dv Avãyj K¡v‡ì AvZ¡v (êi“Zt `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 1990/1411), 3/390 c„t, nv/5478; nv‡dh Beby nvRvi Avj-AvmK¡vjvbx, dvrûj evix ki‡n Qnxwnj eyLvix, ZvnK¡xK¡t Avãyj Avhxh web evh I dzqv` Avãyj evK¡x (êi“Zt `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 1989/1410), 11/239 c„t, nv/6402-Gi Av‡jvPbv `ªt, Ô`yAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq, ÔAvgxb ejvÕ Aby‡”Q`; gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q`, 10/169; wmjwmjv hCdvn nv/1804|

ZvnK¡xK¡t D³ eY©bvi mb‡` Beby jvnxÔAvn bvgK ivex _vKvi Kvi‡Y eY©bvwU hCd|93 D‡j−L¨ †h, Beby jvnBqvi e¨vcv‡i gynvwÏQM‡Yi e³e¨ nÕj, Beby jvnBqv hLb Lv‡j` Beby Bqvhx` †_‡K eY©bv Ki‡eb Ges Zvi †_‡K H eY©bv hLb Avãyj−vn Beby Iqvnve, Bebyj gyeviK, Avãyj−vn Beby Bqvhx` Avj-gyK¡viix Ges Avãyj−vn web gvmjvgvn Avj-KvÔbvex PviR‡bi †KD eY©bv Ki‡eb ZLb Zv Qnxn n‡e| GQvov Beby jvnBqvi Ab¨ mKj eY©bv hCd|94 Avi D³ eY©bv GB k‡Z©i Aš©—fy³ bq|

)W� ( ��@�3 �� '��" � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�� 4'% �}�x��C*� �+ � �3�&(�] +�@��T ��< 1� �� =�O�$�� u��.

(18) Lvj−v` Beby mv‡qe (ivt) nÕ†Z ewY©Z Av‡Q †h, ivm~j (Qvt) hLb `yÔAv Ki‡Zb ZLb `yÕnvZ gyL eivei DVv‡Zb|95 ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU hCd| gynvwÏQ nvqQvgx e‡jb, Gi mb‡` nvdQ Beby nv‡kg web DZevn bvgK ivex AcwiwPZ ev hCd|96

)W� (��K*� �(@ ¸O$�D*�� '�D�#� '�K@#� �D =��pt*� +��< D-@ +�� B�%� 7�� =; ·% +@. (19) Avey byCg (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg Igi I Beby hyev‡qi (ivt)-†K Zv‡ì `yÕnv‡Zi Zvjy gy‡Li mvg‡b K‡i `yÔAv Ki‡Z †`‡LwQ|97 ZvnK¡xK¡t mb` hCd| gynv¤§v` I KzjvBn bvgK `yB Rb ivex `ye©j|98

)e� ( �L&* . �N � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� E��6��(�* 7�� <D-@ +� ^=>\*� '% s� #6@ +� D�� +@ ��8�� 7�� <�3 �+ )�$ �y�; ��< �+ )�$ �� rs� �D��]�� * � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� !7 K�9��

�' D�� *� ��6�G�� D�J�U�� ! ��D*� �g�D�-�� K�� +� � �� ;� �D��N�< ! =�>k\*� �D��T�� ) 8.(�* �� ! =�>k\*� �2��D�� [��-�� =��3�< �u�\�R�� l)�R Z� �M�]�8�� * �D�>!S �7�� L�� ;!� �� 7�� -.*� �

�L �� ( )��i ��% � =�R�� 7�� L ��#�� !'��h �� 7�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� E��6��*� ��*�� D J�T�� E��6��*� ��(�@ ! =�>k\*� ��T�)�R�� 7�� L ��#�� +� �[ #�C.��% �� T�(*�� 7��R�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(

�� #�� u��< D�>.S�� #�=�*�<. 93. nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx, ZvjLxQzj nvexi 2/155; nv‡Kg nv/5478| 94. we¯—vwiZ `ªt ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, c„t 319, ivex bs-3563; ZvnhxeyZ Zvnhxe 5/334 c„t; gxhvbyj

BÔ‡Z`vj 2/482 I 477 c„t; BiIqvDj Mvjxj 3/107-108 c„t, nv/639| 95. ZveivYx, gvRgvDh hvIq‡q`, 1g LÊ, c„t 169| 96. gvRgvDh hvIqv‡q`, 1g LÊ, c„t 169; ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, 1g LÊ, c„t 189| 97. Avj-Av`veyj gydiv` nv/609, c„t 208, Ô`yÔAvq nvZ ZzjvÕ Aby‡”Q`| 98. ZvnK¡xK¡ Avj-Av`veyj gydiv` nv/609|

65 66


(20) Rv‡ei Beby Avãyj−vn (ivt) e‡jb, Zydv‡qj Beby Avgi (ivt) ivm~j (Qvt)-†K ej‡jb, Avcbvi wK `y‡M©i cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q Ges `vI‡mi `y‡M©i b¨vq mvnv‡di cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q? ivex e‡jb, wZwb Zv A¯xKvi Ki‡jb| KviY Avj−vn AvbQvi‡ì Rb¨ Zv Mw”QZ †i‡L‡Qb| AZtci ZzdvBj (ivt) wnRiZ Ki‡jb Ges Zvi †Mv‡Îi R‰bK e¨w³ Zvi mv‡_ wnRiZ Kij AZtci Amy ’ nÕ†j wPwš—Z n‡q coj| GK ch©v‡q †m Zvi Kuv‡ai iM †K‡U †d‡j Ges g„Zy eiY K‡i| Zydv‡qj (ivt) GK`v ¯‡cœ Zv‡K wR‡Ám K‡ib, Avj−vn Avcbvi mv‡_ wKiƒc AvPiY K‡i‡Qb? †m ejj, bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi wbKU wnRiZ Kivi Kvi‡Y Avj−vn Avgv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| Zydv‡qj (ivt) ej‡jb, Avcbvi `yÕnv‡Zi Lei Kx? wZwb ej‡jb, Avgv‡K ejv n‡q‡Q, Zzwg †h Ask wb‡R bó K‡iQ Zv Avwg KL‡bv wVK Kie bv| G ¯cœ Zydv‡qj (ivt) ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wbKU eY©bv Ki‡j wZwb Zvi Rb¨ `yÕnvZ Zz‡j ¶gv cÖv_©bv K‡ib|99

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwUi mb` hCd|100

)eW (�3�6;*� ¡ d�@#*� (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� 7�� 7�� _% +@. (21) Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, `yÔAv nÕj Bev`‡Zi gMR|101

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwU hCd|102

)ee ( s� #6@ +@ �<DOC�i 7�� (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� '% ��6@ +� 'K�\6� s� �K(�9 ��*� £ D�� µ�� V� �=]% F�O" £ D� + �#¢�

jNK�< �ÉKC�� OSD� �� N�KT�� K(nC�i< j>"%. (22) Avãyj−vn Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, †Zvgiv †Ìqvj‡K c`©v Øviv Ave„Z Ki bv| †h e¨w³ AbygwZ e¨ZxZ Zvi fvB‡qi wPwVi cÖwZ j¶¨ Ki‡e †m (Rvnvbœv‡gi) Av¸‡bi w`‡K j¶¨ Ki‡e| †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì nv‡Zi †cU Øviv Avj−vni Kv‡Q PvI, wcV Øviv †PI bv| Avi hLb `yÔAv †kl Ki‡e ZLb †Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì gyLgÊj gvmvn Ki‡eÕ|103

99. Avj-Av`veyj gydiv` nv/614, c„t 210; Ô`yÔAvq nvZ ZzjvÕ Aby‡”Q`| 100. `ªt ZvnK¡xK¡ Avj-Av`veyj gydiv` nv/614, c„t 210| 101. wZiwghx 2/175 c„t, nv/3611, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq| 102. hCd wZiwghx nv/669; wgkKvZ nv/693; hCdzj Rv‡gÔ nv/3003| 103. Avey`vE`, c„t 209, nv/1485; Avjevbx, BiIqvDj Mvjxj, 2/180, nv/434; wgkKvZ

nv/2243, c„t 195 (AvswkK)|

ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU hCd| Gi mb‡` †ek K‡qKRb `ye©j ivex i‡q‡Q|104 ¯qs Bgvg Avey vE` D³ nv`xQ D‡j−L K‡i gš—e¨ K‡ib, ÔGB nv`xQ Ab¨ m~‡ÎI gynv¤§v` Beby KvÔe †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Gi cÖ‡Z¨K m~ÎB `ye©j| GwUI †m¸‡jvi gZ| ZvB GUvI hCdÕ|105

) eq ( �@3 �� '�" (9< �=(@ s� �(� Ë�*� '% �=�% +@ #�t� +� }x�C*� +@��#=� �T�< �C ��#� u�D�.

(23) mv‡qe Beby Bqvhx` Zvi wcZv †_‡K eY©bv K‡ib †h, bex Kixg (Qvt) hLb `yÔAv Ki‡Zb ZLb `yÕnvZ Zzj‡Zb Ges `yÕnvZ gy‡L gvmvn Ki‡Zb|106

ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU hCd| Gi mb‡` K‡qKRb `ye©j I gybKvi ivex Av‡Q|107

) ev ( s� [K�@3 �� (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� 7�� 7�� 6@ +�� +@LT�< �É �C�� BSD� �� Ì�KT�� #�i< L=>" +~�6� ��.

(24) Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jQb, hLb Zzwg Avj−vni wbK‡U `yÔAv Ki‡e ZLb †Zvgvi `yÕnv‡Zi †cU Øviv Ki‡e| wcV Øviv `yÔAv Ki bv| Avi hLb `yÔAv †kl Ki‡e ZLb nvZ Øviv gyLgÊj gvmvn Ki‡e|108

ZvnK¡xK¡t Gi mb` hCd|109

)e| ( ��=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� '�" 7�� @ s� �� F�\Á� +� D-@ +@É �C¾ ¹$ �-T\© ³ d�@#*� £ ��#� u�� (9<�T�< �-.

(25) Igi Bebyj LvË¡ve (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) hLb `yÔAv‡Z `yÕnvZ Zzj‡Zb ZLb `yÕnvZ gy‡L gvmvn bv Kiv ch©š— wZwb bvgv‡Zb bvÕ|110

104. hCd Avey`vE`, c„t 112, nv/1485| 105. �MN< y=N�< �T(" };" +� #-À +@ ��< �S + ��#� �MN :<� K�N< ��¦�a% 5�D\*�

�U�% �=;� -Avey`vE` nv/1485, c„t 209| 106. Avey`vE` nv/1492, c„t 209| 107. hCd Avey`vD`, c„t 112, nv/1492; ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/2255, UxKv-4| 108. Beby gvRvn, c„t 83, nv/1193 I 3935; ZveivYx, nv‡Kg 1/536| 109. hCd Be‡b gvRvn, c„t 91, nv/222 I 778, Ô yÔAvÕ Aa¨vq; BiIqvDj Mvjxj nv/434, 2/179 c„t| 110. wZiwghx, c„t 193, nv/3626|

67 68

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU hCd| Gi mb‡` Ggb GKRb ivex Av‡Q †h nv`xQ Rvj Kivi Awf‡hv‡M Awfhy³|111

) e� ( ya� ��% �j� ��* �� (� 7�� _=� +� Y��²� +@ , 2MN B=(� 7��)*� K��% '��"< 7�� (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� u ��)*� 2MN â <% �

1<²� ��6jO*� #Th #� ^�� '�"< ��=¾ +@ �#R�� )*� £ '�KR� D-@< Dj� ¹$ 2��C� +@< ��=¾ +@ (9 ¿ (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� ½ �()� ��)*� +

ya� ·% 7�O>�" Ô>� ¿ ��#] g�=� ��%�X �;� �C> X P�3% :M*� ^�D*� ��R� �=6j�Ä M]8� D-@ �=*� }HK� u>Z� ��)*� + 1<²� ��6jO*� �; ,2tT� , 7�� ¿

½��*� u��D� ^)� ª�� ¸� +j� ³ �% i� F�Oj*� ^N% L(T� ³ �� _(��2D)� (9< �=(@ s� �(� ,F�\Á� +�� L� s� F��% 7�R�!

(26) AvhivK¡ Beby K¡vqm Zv‡eC e‡jb, Avgv‡ì GK Bgvg wQj hvi Dcbvg Avey †igQvn| GKw`b wZwb Avgv‡ì QvjvZ cov‡jb| AZtci ej‡jb, GK`v Avwg GB QvjvZ A_ev Gi b¨vq GK QvjvZ bex Kixg (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ cojvg| AZtci wZwb (Avey †igQvn) ej‡jb, AveyeKi I Igi (ivt) cÖ_g KvZv‡i ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Wvb w`‡K ùvov‡Zb| (†mB Qvjv‡ZI Zuviv Wvb w`‡K wQ‡jb)| Qvjv‡Z Aci GK e¨w³I Dcw ’Z wQj, †h cÖ_g ivKÔAv‡Z kvwgj n‡qwQj| bex Kixg (Qvt) Avgv‡ì QvjvZ cov‡jb Ges wb‡Ri Wvb I evg w`‡K mvjvg wdiv‡jb, hv‡Z Avgiv Zuvi gyLgÊ‡ji ïåZv †`L‡Z †cjvg| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) Avey †igQvi b¨vq A_©vr, Avgvi b¨vq GKw`‡K m‡i em‡jb| G mgq †mB e¨w³, †h cÖ_g ivKÔAvZI †c‡qwQj, †m ZvovZvwo mybœvZ covi Rb¨ ùvovj| Zv †`‡L Igi (ivt) SU K‡i ùvov‡jb Ges Zvi evûg~‡j bvov w`‡q ej‡jb, em! Avn‡j wKZveMY G Rb¨B aŸsm n‡q‡Q †h, Zv‡ì dih Qvjv‡Zi I mybœvZ Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ †Kvb cv_©K¨ wQj bv| Zv †`‡L bex Kixg (Qvt) gv_v DVv‡jb Ges ej‡jb, †n LvË¡v‡ei cyÎ! Avj−vn †Zvgv‡K m`v m‡Zï mÜvb `vb Ki“b|112

ZvnK¡xK¡t nv`xQwUi mb` hCd|113

111. hCd wZiwghx, c„t 442, nv/671; wgkKvZ nv/2245; hCdyj Rv‡gÔ nv/4412; BiIqv nv/433| 112. Avey`vD` nv/1007, c„t 144|

113. hCd Avey`vD` nv/1007, c„t 144; wgkKvZ nv/972, c„t 89; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ 3q LÊ, nv/910|

`yÔAvi c‡i gy‡L nvZ gvmvn Kiv m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Qnxn nv`xQ †bBt `yÕnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi ci gy‡L nvZ gvmvn Kiv m¤ú‡K© †h nv`xQ¸‡jv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv meB hCd| Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv I Kzb~‡Z weZ‡ii ci gyLgÊj gvmvn Kiv m¤ú‡K© †h K‡qKwU nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jvI hCd| Bgvg gv‡jK (int)-†K G wel‡q wR‡Ám Kiv nÕ†j wZwb G‡K cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡ib Ges e‡jb, Avwg G m¤ú‡K© wKQy Rvwb bv| Avãyj−vn web gyeviK, mywdqvb (int) †_‡KI Abyiƒc e³e¨ G‡m‡Q| Bgvg Avey vE` gy‡L nvZ gvmvn Kiv msµvš— nv`xQ D‡j−L K‡i e‡jb, ÔGB nv`xQ Ab¨ m~‡ÎI gynv¤§v` Beby KvÔe †_‡KI ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ cÖ‡Z¨KwUB mxgvnxb `ye©j| GB m~ÎI †m¸‡jvi gZ| ZvB GUvI hCdÕ|114 Ab¨Î wZwb e‡jb, Avwg Bgvg Avngv` (int)-Gi wbKU ï‡bwQ hLb Zv‡K H e¨w³ m¤ú‡K© wR‡Ám Kiv n‡qwQj †h e¨w³ weZ‡ii `yÔAv †kl K‡i gy‡L `yÕnvZ gvmvn K‡i| ZLb wZwb e‡jwQ‡jb, G e¨vcv‡i Avwg wKQy ïwbwb|115 Bgvg evqnvK¡x (int) e‡jb, ÔGUv Ggb GKwU Avgj hv Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq; AvQvi ØvivI mve¨ — nqwb Ges wK¡qvm ØvivI cÖgvwYZ nqwb| myZivs DËg nj, GUv bv KivÕ|116 Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) e‡jb,

��a" ��3�$% �=� d�� #R� d�@#*� £ ��#� (9< �=(@ s� �(� ½�*� u�� %< �K�R�i '�a�#$ <% ��#$ i� �=� ��@ _=(� ��#=� �T�< �GC �%< yG=G�

yJ$ �É. Ô`yÔAvq ivm~j (Qvt) `yB nvZ Zz‡j‡Qb g‡g© A‡bK Qnxn nv`xQ G‡m‡Q| wKš‘ wZwb `yB nvZ Øviv Zvi gyL gvmvn K‡i‡Qb g‡g© GKwU ev `yÕwU nv`xQ Qvov †Kvb eY©bv †bB| hvi Øviv `jxj mve¨ — Kiv hvq bvÕ|117 kvqL Avjevbx (int) G msµvš— nv`xQ¸‡jv ch©v‡jvPbv †k‡l e‡jb, Ô`yÔAvi ci gy‡L `yÕnvZ gvmvn Kiv m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Qnxn nv`xQ †bBÕ|118

114. �=;� KN< �¦�a% 5�D\*� �MN< y=N�< �T(" };" +� #-À +@ ��< �S + ��#� �MN :<��U�% -Avey`vE` nv/1485, c„t 209|

115. �h �=� u°% ³ �R� �D�K*� £ �D� �� #=� �T�< �C¾ ^�D*� +@ ^n9< #«% B;° Avjevbx, BiIqvDj Mvjxj 2/179-82|

116. ÍÎ B6a� ³ ^-@ KT� ��(;>�i '% 1<²�� =�i< B��H DH%i< �=G� –Avjevbx, BiIqvDj Mvjxj 2/179-82, nv/434-Gi Av‡jvPbv `ªt|

117. gvRg~D dvZvIqv 22 LÊ, c„t 519| 118. d�@#*� #;� +�#=*�� K*� �C £ ��#$ �)�i<- Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/2255 -Gi UxKv `ªt,

Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq|

69 70

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Qi Ace¨vL¨vt

Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, }�S �� LE�� *��< }�) �� B.S�D�� ÔAZtci Avcwb hLb Aemi cvb mvabv Ki“b Ges Avcbvi cvjbKZ©vi cÖwZ g‡bvwb‡ek Ki“bÕ (m~iv bvkivn 7-8)|

D³ AvqvZ Øviv A‡b‡K dih Qvjv‡Zi ci cÖPwjZ cÖ_vq gybvRvZ Kiv cÖgvY Ki‡Z Pvb| A_P Gi mv‡_ gybvRv‡Zi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| D³ Avqv‡Zi A_© nÕj, Avj−vn Zuvi ivm~j (Qvt)-†K e‡j‡Qb, `ywbqvex KvRKg© I hveZxq e¨ —Zv †_‡K Avcwb hLb Aemi MÖnY Ki‡eb ZLb mvaviY Bev`Z ev iv‡Zi Bev`Z I whwK‡ii w`‡K g‡bvwb‡ek Ki“b| Bgvg eyLvix (int) D³ A_© wb‡q‡Qb|119 Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, ÔAvcwb hLb hy×, wRnv` I msMÖvg †_‡K Aemi n‡eb ZLb Bev`‡Z g‡bvwb‡ek Ki“b|120 Beby gvmÔE`, gyRvwn`, mywdqvb QvIix, Beby Avqvh, hv‡q` Beby Avmjvg, hvnnvK, Beby KvQxi cÖgyL gydvmwmiI G K_v e‡jb121 Bgvg kvIKvbx (int)I H GKB A_© K‡i‡Qb|122 Avãyi ingvb web bvwQi mvÔ`xI ZvB e‡j‡Qb|123 nvmvb, Kvjex, K¡vZv`vI Ab¨Î D³ A_© K‡i‡Qb|124

wØZxqZt Ave` Beby ûgvB`, Beby Rvixi, Bebyj gybwhi, Beby Avex nv‡Zg, Beby gvi`yweqvn cÖgyL Beby AveŸvm (ivt)-Gi m~‡Î e‡jb, Avcwb hLb dih QvjvZ †_‡K dv‡iM n‡eb ZLb `yÔAvi w`‡K g‡bvwb‡ek Ki“b Ges Avj−vni Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Ki“b I Zvi w`‡K g‡bv‡hvM w`b| K¡v`vZv, hvn&nvK, gyK¡vwZj, KvjexI D³ K_v e‡jb|125 Beby gvmD` (ivt)-Gi Ab¨ gZ nÕj- QvjvZ †_‡K dv‡iM nIqvi ci e‡m `yÔAvq g‡bvwb‡ek Ki‡e|126

119. Qnxn eyLvix, 2/742 c„t, ÔZvdmxiÕ Aa¨vq, D³ m~ivi Zvdmxi `ªt| 120. 3��6;*� £ })�� 7�OR*�< 3�T¢�< <tV*� + BSD� �� -Zvbexi“j wgK¡evm wgb Zvdmxwi Be‡b

AveŸvm (êi“Zt `vi“j Avkivd, 1988/1409), c„t 596; D‡j−L¨, AZtci `ye©j m~‡Î dih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i mvaviY `yÔAvi K_v D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q|

121. nv‡dh Bgv`yÏxb Aveyj †d`v BmgvCj Beby KvQxi w`gv®‹, Zvdmxi“j KziAvwbj Avhxg, ZvnK¡xK¡t gyQZ¡dv mvBwq` gynv¤§v` mn K‡qKRb (wiqvht `vi“j Avjvwgj KzZze, 2004/1425), 14/393 c„t, m~iv bvkivn-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt|

122. gynv¤§v` web Avjx web gynv¤§v` Avk-kvIKvbx, dvrûj K¡v`xi (êi“Z Qvcv), 5/462-463 c„t| 123. d�@#*�< �3�6;*� £ #TO�� D;�� L6(� £ 56� ³< L*�Vh% + BSD>� �� -ZvBmxi“j Kvixwgi

ingvb dx Zvdmxwi Kvjvwgj gvbœvb (wiqvht B`vivZzj eûQ Avj-Bjwgqvn, 1410), c„t 646| 124. gynv¤§v` web BDmyd knx` Avex nvBqvb, Zvdmxi Avj-evni“j gynxZ¡ (êi“Zt `vi“j KzZzwej

Bjwgqvn, 1993/1413), 8/484| 125. L\;� y(nC�� £ �=*� }SD*�< d�@#*� £ L�� 1� })�� y�KOj�� )*� + BSD� �� dvrûj K¡v`xi

(êi“Z Qvcv), 5/462-463 c„t; Bgvg Avey Avãyj−vn web Avngv` Avj-AvbQvix Avj-KziZzex, Avj-Rv‡gDj AvnKvgyj KziAvb (êi“Zt `vi“j KzZzwej Bjwgqvn, 1993/1413), 20/74 c„t; gynv¤§v` ûmvBb Beby gvmD` Avj-evMvfx (g„Zt 516), gyLZvQvi Zvdmxi“j evMvfx (wiqvht `vi“m mvjvg, Zvwe), c„t 1024|

126. Zvdmxi Be‡b KvQxi 14/393 c„t, m~iv bvkivn-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt|

D³ AvqvZ Øviv we‡kl `yÔAv A_© wb‡j Zv n‡e Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c~‡e© Zvkvnû‡ì ci| †hgb Qnxn eyLvix, Avey vD`, bvmvC cÖf„wZ †_‡K cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q|127 Beby AveŸvm †_‡KI Ab¨ GKwU m~‡Î ZvB ewY©Z n‡q‡Q �B.S�D�� L��O��$ ��.*�8 9��< �LE�� *� }�) �� [ #�T�Z��< ��(�)*� �+� ÔhLb Avcwb QvjvZ †k‡l K‡i Zvkvnû‡` em‡eb ZLb Avcbvi i‡ei w`‡K g‡bvwb‡ek Ki“b Ges Avcbvi hv cÖ‡qvRb Zv PvbÕ|128 Bgvg kvÔexI Abyiƒc e‡j‡Qb|129 AZGe D³ AvqvZ Øviv cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ mve¨ — Kiv KziAv‡bi Ace¨vL¨v Kivi kvwgj|

�+ ��D�]��3 � ��T�� ' K!(�] #�=�9 ��3��6�@ +�@ �' <�D�6.j�O C�� + ��M4*� &'� !j�* }�J�O 9% �� K�@ 3� � !jp�� 7��<. Ô†Zvgv‡ì cvjbKZ©v e‡jb, †Zvgiv Avgv‡K WvK, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì Wv‡K mvov wè| hviv Avgvi Bev`‡Zi e¨vcv‡i AnsKvi K‡i Zviv AwZmË¡i jvwÃZ n‡q Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡eÕ (gywgb 60)|

��* � K�6 =�J�O C�=.(�� '��@�3 �� #*� ��K @�3 �} =��!% z} ��D�� E�� E��@ :�3��6�@ �L�*�8�9 ��<�' <�#�h D�� T4(�;�* �� K�� ,�=.*�<.

ÔAvgvi ev›`viv hLb Avcbvi Kv‡Q Avgvi e¨vcv‡i wR‡Ám K‡i ZLb Avwg †Zv mwbœK‡UB _vwK| cÖv_©bvKvixi cÖv_©bv Avwg Keyj K‡i _vwK hLb †m cÖv_©bv K‡i| Kv‡RB Zviv †hb Avgvi ûKzg cvjb K‡i Ges Avgvi cÖwZ wek¦vm ’vcb K‡i| hv‡Z Zviv mwVK c_ cÖvß nqÕ (evK¡vivn 186)| D³ AvqvZ¸‡jv‡Z Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv Zuv‡K WvKvi K_v e‡j‡Qb| Gi g‡a¨ cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z dih Qvjv‡Zi ci Bgvg-gy³v`x wg‡j gybvRvZ Kivi `jxj †bB| ivm~j (Qvt) †h c×wZ‡Z †h mg‡q Ges †h ’v‡b Avj−vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb I D¤§Z‡K wk¶v w`‡q‡Qb, †mfv‡eB Ki‡Z n‡e| Qvjv‡Zi ci ivm~j (Qvt) cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z gybvRvZ K‡i‡Qb g‡g© †Kvb cÖgvYB †bB| myZivs GB AvqvZ¸‡jv Øviv gybvRv‡Zi cÖgvY †ck Kiv gymwjg RbZvi mv‡_ cÖZviYv Kiv gvÎ| cÖPwjZ wfwËnxb gybvRvZ‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ KwZcq Qnxn nv`xQI †ck Kiv nq Ges †m¸‡jvi fyj A_© I Ace¨vL¨v Kiv nq| KL‡bv ïay `yÔAv Kivi K_v Av‡Q Ggb nv`xQ †ck Kiv nq, KL‡bv cvwb PvIqv msµvš— nv`xQ¸‡jv D‡j−L Kiv nq, KL‡bv †Luvov hyw³ †`Lv nq| G¸‡jv meB wg_¨v †KŠkj| kixÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ †Kvb m¤úK© †bB|

127. mb` Qnxn, Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3476, 2/186, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-65; Qnxn bvmvC nv/1283; wgkKvZ nv/930, c„t 86; Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3477, 2/186 c„t mb` Qnxn; Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1481|

128. Zvdmxi dvrûj K¡v`xi 5/463 c„t| 129. L��#* K@3�� #TZO*� + BSD� �� L�D]{< dvrûj K¡v`xi 5/562 c„t|

71 72


PZz_© Aa¨vq cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ m¤ú‡K© wek¦weL¨vZ gynvwÏQ Ijvgv‡q †Kiv‡gi gš—e¨ dih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i Bgvg-gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÕnvZ Zz‡j Avgxb Avgxb Kivi cÖPwjZ wbqgwU †h KziAvb-mybœvn Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq Zv DcwiD³ Av‡jvPbv †_‡K ¯úó n‡q †M‡Q| G¶‡Y G wel‡q wek¦weL¨vZ gynvwÏQ Ijvgv‡q †Kivg wK gš—e¨ K‡i‡Qb Zv wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv nÕj-

(1) Avngv` Beby Zvqwgqvn -Gi gš—e¨t RMwØL¨vZ gyRvwÏ` kvqLyj Bmjvg Bgvg Avngv` Beby Zvqwgqvn (int) Zuvi 37 L‡Ê mgvß MÖš’ ÔgvRg~D dvZvIqvÕ-†Z G wel‡q we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb| cÖ‡Z¨K Qvjv‡Zi ci KiYxq m¤ú‡K© Zvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvIqv nÕ‡j wZwb Qvjv‡Zi c‡ii whwKi msµvš— A‡bK `yÔAv D‡j−L K‡ib| AZtci wZwb e‡jb,

E��6��*� �+�@ z#�$% ��MN . !R �� (�� (�)*� �} =�R�@ �l; =�-�� + =� K�8-.*��< ��.*� rd��@�3 ��%<� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(��.

ÔQvjv‡Zi c‡i Bgvg I gy³v`x GK‡Î `yÔAv Kivi welqwU bex Kixg (Qvt) †_‡K †KDB eY©bv K‡ibwbÕ|1 GKUz c‡i wZwb e‡j‡Qb,

��.(�;.>�� * � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� 6��*� &'% �} ��* �l; =�-�� + =� K�8-.*��< ��.*� rd��@�3 K!H8�-.*� ��".�8.*� ! �;.>�� '��" ��-�" �[�� K�O.j�-.*� �F��R @% �� L��*� � �;�� K�* .�� @ ��

�L�*� �' <�3 �K�N �� K!(�R� ��-�" rd��-�(�;.*� � !H �' K�;��O*� � !H ��G �% �� @ ��(�R��*. ÔG‡Z †Kvb cÖKvi m‡›`‡ni AeKvk †bB †h, Bgvg I gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAvi wbq‡g ivm~j (Qvt) dih QvjvZ mg~‡ni c‡i `yÔAv K‡ibwb| †hgbwU wZwb Ab¨vb¨ whwKi mg~n Ki‡Zb| hw` wZwb Gfv‡e `yÔAv Ki‡Zb ZvnÕ‡j Zuvi Qvnvev‡q †Kivg eY©bv Ki‡Zb, AZtci Zv‡`i †_‡K Zv‡eCMY Ges Zv‡eCM‡Yi †_‡K Av‡jgMY (gynvwÏQ) Aek¨B eY©bv Ki‡Zb| †hgbfv‡e Zviv (kixÔAv‡Zi) Ab¨vb¨ welq¸‡jv eY©bv K‡i‡QbÕ|2

AZtci dih Qvjv‡Zi ci Bgvg-gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Kiv Rv‡qh wK-bv wR‡Ám Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb cwi®‹vi Reve w`‡q e‡jb,

1. H, gvRg~D dvZvIqv, 22 LÊ, c„t 516| 2. gvRg~D dvZvIqv, 22 LÊ, c„t 517|

+!j�� * �y�@ #�� K�T�� (�)*� �} =�R�@ �l; =�-�� + =� K�8-.*��< ��.*� rd��@�3 ��% ��4(�* �# -�G.*�� &'�� (�)*� �}.(�� 2rd��@�3 �'��" ��-�� . �� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� E��6��*� �# T�@ �(�@

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��* ��(�)*� �� 3��-�� 0(�)�-.*� &'�� D�N��m �� =�� !y��D�6�O @��.*� !y�6�9��-.*��< �� o�D�) �� *� 1� �o�D�) �� % ��*��G�* z}�9�� M�n�� =�$ rd��@p#*��

�d��H�< ��* �D."�� +�~ K� �K�N ��-��< �2�d��@�3�< ��* �� +�~ K� +!j�� * �s� �� +� .*� �+ =�$ rd��@p#*��< !��-.*�� =�(�@ �o��D�) ��.*� !7��$ ��% ��(�)*� �� =�*� ��p��K�O*��< �7��6.��1 <% �D."0M*��< rd��&a*�� L�*� +�.

Ôh_v‡hvM¨ `„wó‡KvY †_‡K ¯úó n‡q‡Q †h, gyQj−x Zvi cÖfyi mv‡_ gybvRvZ Ki‡e hZ¶Y †m Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ _vK‡e Ges hZ¶Y †m wd‡i bv em‡e| †Kbbv †m Zvi cÖfyi m‡½ gybvRvZ K‡i| G mgq `yÔAv Kiv Zvi Ae ’vi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨kxj| Avi hLb †m Avj−vni mv‡_ gybvRvZ †_‡K gvby‡li w`‡K wdi‡e ZLb †m Avi `yÔAv I gybvRv‡Zi ’v‡b _vK‡e bv| eis †m Avj−vni Rb¨ whwKi I cÖksmvi ’v‡b _vK‡e| myZivs gybvRvZ I `yÔAv ZLbB Ki‡e hLb †m Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ Avj−vni w`‡K gyL wdiv‡bv Ae ’vq _v‡K| Avi Qvjv‡Zi c‡ii Ae ’vq cÖksmv I whwKi KivB me©vwaK DËgÕ|4

wZwb Ab¨ GK cÖ‡kœi Rev‡e e‡jb,

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73 74

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ ÔhveZxq cÖksmv Avj−vni Rb¨| Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) I gy³v`xMY cuvP Iqv³ Qvjv‡Zi c‡i mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Ki‡Zb bv| †hgb †KD †KD dRi I AvQ‡ii c‡i K‡i _v‡K| GgbwU Kv‡iv c¶ †_‡K ewY©Z nqwb Ges BgvgM‡Yi g‡a¨ †KD Zv‡K gy —vnveI e‡jbwbÕ|5

(2) Avj−vgv Bebyj K¡vBwqg (691-741wnt)-Gi gš—e¨t D³ cÖ_vi e¨vcv‡i Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) Zuvi Ôhv`yj gvÔAv`Õ MÖ‡š’ e‡jb,

�-.*��<�% �y�( 6�R.*� � �6.R�O C� ��(�)*� �+� ��(�C*� �# ;�� rd��@p#*� ��%�< �L��*� +!j�� (�� + =� K�.8�+�C�$ ��*�< �� =�G�� 3�� 9�� @ �:�<��*�< ��( �% � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �4(�� #�N +�.

ÔQvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci wK¡ejvi w`‡K gyL K‡i wKsev gy³v`x‡ì w`‡K gyL K‡i `yÔAv Kiv im~jyj−vn (Qv)-Gi Z¡ixKvi Aš—fy©³ bq| Ggb c×wZ ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi c¶ †_‡K ewY©Z nqwb| bv Qnxn mb‡` bv †Kvb nvmvb mb‡`Õ|6 AZtci wZwb e‡jb, �2�d��>�(�] +�� z#�$% ��*�< �K�N �L�*� . �;.>�� (�� D )�;.*��< �D J�>.*� ��(�)�� L�*� � =�) b�� %�<

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� �L.(�� B�;�\�R �� *��,�9 �P�D O�� =�j�� F D!R.*��< �� #�� + =�� K�-.*� �L�*� �7��< !��-.* �� @ �o�D�) �� !*�8 C�� !H �� =�(�@ �7��6.��.*��< �� F D!R.*��< �� 7��$

Ôwe‡kl K‡i dRi I AvQi Qvjv‡Zi ciI ivm~j (Qvt) GUv K‡ibwb, Zuvi Ljxdv‡ì g‡aÏ †KD K‡ibwb Ges wZwb D¤§Z‡K G e¨vcv‡i w`K-wb‡`©kbvI †`bwb|.. g~jZt mswk−ó `yÔAv mg~n Qvjv‡Zi mv‡_ m¤ú„³, hv †m Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨B K‡i‡Q| Avi Zv Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ Kivi Rb¨B wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| ZvQvov GUvB gyQj−xi Rb¨ Dchy³ ’vb| †Kbbv †m hZ¶Y Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ _v‡K ZZ¶Y Zvi i‡ei m¤§y‡L †_‡K Zuvi m‡½ gybvRvZ K‡i| hLbB †m mvjvg wdivq ZLbB gybvRvZ †_‡K wew”Qbœ n‡q hvq| Avi D³ Ae ’vB nj i‡ei mvg‡b ùvov‡bv I Zvi wbKUeZ©x n‡q Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx| myZivs †Kgb K‡i gybvRvZ Ae ’vq Zuvi wbKUeZ©x n‡q I Zuvi Awfgy‡L `Êvqgvb n‡q Zuvi Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv bv K‡i mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci wKfv‡e PvIqv hvq?|7

5. gvRg~D dvZvIqv, 22 LÊ, c„t 512| 6. hv`yj gvÔAv` 1/249c„t| 7. hv`yj gvÔAv` 1/249-50|

AZtci wZwb wb‡RB Qvjv‡Zi ci gyQj−x‡ì‡K nv`x‡Q ewY©Z whwKi mg~n, Zvmexn, Zvnjxj, Zvngx` I ZvKexi cvV Kivi K_v e‡j‡Qb|8 ZvQvov wZwb Ab¨ MÖ‡š’ cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv Kivi K‡Vvifv‡e cÖwZev` K‡i‡Qb| ivm~j (Qvt) †h Qvjv‡Zi ci `yÔAv K‡ibwb Zvi cÖgvY wnmv‡e wZwb e‡j‡Qb,

�# ;�� l-�x��3 ��x��@�3 �(�@ �' K��E�,�� N�< �+ =� K�.8�-.*� � �6.R�O C� ��(�)*� �# ;�� Id��@p#*� ��"�D��< �� @ ��!(!R ��*�< �L�*� � �;.>�� .'% �u��O -�-.*� �+��< �[��K�(�)*� �u =�-�� <% �D )�;.*��< �� 6p)*�

�6�"��*�< zD =�V��y�O�6*� ��%�D �� *�< � ��*�< zD =X Ôivm~j (Qvt) Qvjv‡Zi c‡i gy³v`x‡ì w`‡K gyL K‡i `yÔAv K‡ibwb Ges gy³v`xiv Zvi `yÔAvq dRi I AvQi wKsev mg — Qvjv‡Zi c‡i me© v Avgxb Avgxb e‡jbwb| d‡j GUv Kiv wb‡la| hv ivm~j (Qvt) †_‡K †QvU, eo, cyi“l I gwnjv GKRbI eY©bv K‡iwbÕ|9 (3) mD`x Avi‡ei ’vqx M‡elYv I dvZvIqv †ev‡W©i wm×vš—t mE`x Avi‡ei Avš—R©vwZK ’vqx dvZvIqv †ev©W cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ m¤ú‡K© †h dvZvIqv cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb Zv wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv nÕjt (K) 3901 bs cÖ‡kœvË‡i ejv n‡q‡Q,

�� x��D�>.*� �# ;�� rd��@p#*� �_ =�* ��.*� �+� �'��" �d��K�9 :�# �²� �u.��D�� L�*� �'��" �� y��C ��8�* �y�@ #�� L�*� . �� l; =�-�� -�T �� <% �2�# $�< �� K�8�-.*� <�% �2�# $�< . !R �� * ��6��*� �+�@

� �� G ��% +�@ ��*�< � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� T ��@ rs. Ôdih QvjvZ mg~‡ni ci `yÔAv Kiv mybœvZ bq, hw` Zv nvZ Zz‡j Kiv nq, PvB Bgvg GKvKx †nvK ev gy³v`x GKvKx †nvK A_ev Bgvg-gy³v`x GK‡Î †nvK; eis GUv we`ÔAvZ| KviY GUv bv bex Kixg (Qvt) †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, bv Zuvi QvnvexMY †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡QÕ|10 (L) D³ †evW© Ab¨Î 5565 bs dvZvIqv‡Z e‡jb,

B�6.a�� * � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� 6��*� �+�@ �+� ��(�C*� �# ;�� #�� u�� % � �( ;� ��- =��d��@p#*� A�� y�U ��D�>.*� ,�*��b� �y�U ��D�>.*� ��(�� +� ��(�C*� �# ;�� -�T�;��<�y��pC(�* z�.

8. H 1/250c„:| 9. Av‡jvPbv †`Lybt H, 2/281-82 c„t| 10. dvZvIqv Avj-jvRbv Av`-`v‡qgvn wjj eyn~wQj Bjwgq¨vn Iqvj BdZv (wiqvht Avi-wiqvmvn B`vivZzj eyn~Q Avj-Bjwgq¨vn Iqvj BdZv, 4_© cÖKvkt

2002 Bs/1423 wnt), 7/103 c„t, dvZvIqv bs 3901|

75 76

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ ÔAvgiv hv Rvwb Zv‡Z dih Qvjv‡Zi mvjv‡gi c‡i nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv bex Kixg (Qvt) †_‡K mve¨ — nqwb| ZvB dih Qvjv‡Zi mvjv‡gi c‡i `yÕnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv mybœvZ we‡ivax KvRÕ|11 (M) Ab¨ GK cÖ‡kœvË‡i cÖkœKvix‡K j¶¨ K‡i D³ †evW© e‡j‡Qb,

�#�� ¤=�@ D�h ��( �% � �( ;� ��* �� .*� &'�% +� �7��,pC*� A�� D�"�� y�=�@ <�D Z� ��(�@ k7��MN A�� ' K� K�.8�-.*� �� :�#�O.R��< �d��@p#*�� #�� u�� D�� y�� <�D.>�-.*� ��(�� +� ��D��.

Ôdih QvjvZ †_‡K dv‡iM n‡q Bgvg `yÔAvi Rb¨ nvZ Zzj‡e Ges gy³v`xiv Zvi AbymiY Ki‡e g‡g© Avcwb hv cÖ‡kœ D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb, kixÔAv‡Z Zvi †Kvb wfwË Av‡Q e‡j Avgv‡ì Rvbv †bBÕ|12 (N) Ab¨ GK drIqvq ejv n‡q‡Q,

+!j�� *�< � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� K�@ #��< ��;� �u�-�O J�� .'�% �y��G�)*� �+� �l#�$% �}!(.\��N �y�@��-�� ;� +� �K , �y��@��-�� d��@p#*��< �y�G��>.*� ��Id��D�� +� ��*� � ;�� !(�;.>�� <

�� #�6.*� �+� ��(�)*� �# ;��. Ôivm~j (Qvt) G Rb¨ Qvnvex‡ì KvD‡K Zje K‡ibwb †h, †m Zuvi mv‡_ GKwÎZ n‡q `yÔAv Ki‡eb| KwZcq †jv‡Kiv Qvjv‡Zi ci `je×fv‡e m~iv dvwZnv cov Ges `yÔAv Kivi †h cÖ_vi Avgj Ki‡Q Zv we`ÔAv‡Zi Aš—f©y³Õ|13 (4) mE`x Avi‡ei m‡e©v”P Djvgv cwil‡ì dvZvIqvt (K) dih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i cÖPwjZ `yÔAvi e¨vcv‡i mD`x Avi‡ei m‡e©v”P Djvgv cwil` †h dvZvIqv w`‡q‡Qb, Zv wb‡gœ Zz‡j aiv nÕjt

�@p#*� ��(�@ ��N�# ;�� rd��@p#*� �<�% �}��<�D*��< �+��pC*��< �_ -�b.*� �[��K�(�)*� �}�R�@ �lD T�� rd� �&(�� E��6��*� �+�@ �B�6.a�� i ��8�* ��D�j �� y�@ #�� <�#*� � =�6�9 ��(�@ �y�=�@��-�O ��.*� �y�n =�T.*�

�d A�h � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� � �x��D��>.*� �}��R�@ ��@�3 +��< ��G ��% +�@ �i�< �L�*�� +� �y��pC�*� � � N�8�* �L��*�� A�� z��*��b� �K�T�� y�=�@��-�O ��.*� �y�n =�T.*� ��(�@ �y�6��D*� ��T��9 <�%

�y�@��-�J.*��<. 11. dvZvIqv jvRbv Av`-`v‡qgvn, 7/104 c„t, dvZvIqv bs 5565| 12. dvZvIqv jvRbv Av`-`v‡qgvn, 7/104-5 c„t, dvZvIqv bs 5763| 13. dvZvIqv jvRbv Av`-`v‡qgvn, 7/121-22c„t, dvZvIqv bs 3552|

ÔcvuP Iqv³ dih QvjvZ I bdj QvjvZ mg~‡ni ci m‡Rv‡i `yÔAv cvV Kiv A_ev `je×fv‡e Mèvav `yÔAv Kiv wbK…ó we`ÔAvZ| KviY Giƒc `yÔAv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) Ges Zuvi Qvnvex‡ì hy‡M wQj bv| †h e¨w³ dih Qvjv‡Zi ci A_ev bdj Qvjv‡Zi ci `je×fv‡e `yÔAv K‡i †m †hb Avn‡j mybœvZ Iqvj RvgvÔAv‡Zi we‡ivwaZv K‡iÕ|14

(L) D³ cwil` Av‡iKwU wb‡gœv³ drIqv cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb, hv wk‡ivbvg mn ûeû D‡j−L Kiv nÕjt

�� 7�,9 :��' K�;�-�O J� �Tk(!" ��*��< ��.(�* � �x��D�>.*� ��(�� # ;�� rd��@p#*� �� K�J�� . �N

� �i�< ��* K�� +� �< � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� EA�6��*� �+�@ �L�*�� y��9 � �( ;� �i ��( ;�� + rs� �&(�� #�N�< � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� #�N ��6E�� k(!" �D =�b.*��< �2�D ��D.R�� +� �i�< �(�@ rs� �&(�� !(�;.>�� '��" �� (�@ �y&*��#*� �y&*�3�8.*�� B��&a*� �F��6.*� ��M�N A�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ �� =

�' K�;��O*� �N�# ;�� +��< �2�# ;�� +� ��O��G��< ��!x��>�(�] :�D�� #��< ��C*� �# ;�� &(�9�< z3 <�3 D�-�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� 7 K�9�D*� �:�#�N �o��] � �# $�% +��< �'��C $�� T�*

�-�@ � �-�@ +� �7�� =(�@ ��C*� �# ;�� K�@ #�� ?�M&*� ��.*�� w3�� K�T�� D �% �� =�(�@ �_ =�* �� &i�� < ��(�-�;�* �B�6.a�-.*� � =�*�#*�� }�*��\�� 2�#�� zu�� k !j.*��< ��x��@�3 ��(�@ �' K�.8�-.*� �+E�,��<

�� =�(�@ z3 <�3 D� �K�T��. Ôdih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i `je× `yÔAv cÖm½Õ

cÖkœt dih QvjvZ mg~‡ni c‡i Bgvg Ges gy³v`x cÖ‡Z¨‡K mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Kiv wK Rv‡qh?

DËit ÔBgvg-gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Kivi cÖgv‡Y ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) †_‡K, K_v, Kg© I Aby‡gv`bMZ (KvIjx, †dÔjx I ZvK¡ixix) †Kvb nv`xQ Avgiv AeMZ bB| Avi GKgvÎ ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt)-Gi Av`‡k©i Abymi‡YB i‡q‡Q hveZxq Kj¨vY| QvjvZ Av`v‡qi ci Bgvg-gy³v`xi `yÔAv m¤c‡K© ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Av`k© ¯úó `jxj Øviv cÖgvwYZ Av‡Q, hv wZwb mvjv‡gi ci cvjb Ki‡Zb| Pvi

14. nvBqvZz wKevwij Ijvgv 1/244 c„t|

77 78

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Ljxdvmn Ab¨vb¨ Qvnvex Ges Zv‡eCMY h_vh_fv‡e Zuvi Av`k© AbymiY K‡i‡Qb| †h e¨w³ Zuvi Av`‡k©i we‡ivax †Kvb Avgj Pvjy Ki‡e, †mB Avgj cwiZ¨vR¨ n‡e| ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô†h e¨w³ Avgvi wb‡`©k e¨ZxZ †Kvb Avgj Ki‡e Zv cwiZ¨vR¨Õ|15 Kv‡RB †h Bgvg nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡eb Ges gy³v`xMY nvZ Zz‡j Avgxb Avgxb ej‡eb Zv‡ì wbK‡U G Avg‡ji c‡¶ `jxj PvB‡Z n‡e| Ab¨_v (Zviv `jxj †`Lv‡Z e¨_© nÕ†j) Zv cwiZ¨vR¨ n‡eÕ|16

(M) m‡e©v”P Ijvgv cwil` Ab¨ GK drIqvq e‡jb,

��(�@ k7�#�� ( �% ��* � �( ;� ��* �#�$��< �[ K�)�� .*� ��(�9 �# ;�� p��@��-�J.*� rd��@p#*�� £ d��O�¬�< y=-(;*� ¨KG6(* y-x�#*� y�J(*� + :�K�O�� [��#�� #��< ��O�=�@ <�D Z�

�T) �MN L*�) : ��C�� x��D�>.*� �# ;�� rd��@p#*� �_ =�* :�#� �²� �u.��D�� L�*� �'��" �� y �y��@ #�� L�*� . �� l; =�-�� -�T �� <% �2�# $�< �� K�8�-.*� <�% �2�# $�< ��.*� �+� �'��" �d��K�9

��8�*. !R �� *�@ rs� �� G ��% +�@ ��*�< � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� 6��*� �+�@ �T �. ÔBgvg mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci GKB m‡i `je× `yÔAv Kiv m¤ú‡K© Avgiv kixÔAv‡Zi †Kvb `jxj Rvb‡Z cvwiwb| Ge¨vcv‡i Ô ’vqx M‡elYv I dvZvIqv †ev‡W©iÕ dvZvIqv i‡q‡Q| †hgb- Ôdih QvjvZ mg~‡ni ci `yÔAv Kiv mybœvZ bq, hw` Zv nvZ Zz‡j nq, PvB Bgvg GKvKx †nvK ev gy³v`x GKvKx †nvK A_ev Bgvg gy³v`x GK‡Î †nvK; eis GUv we`ÔAvZ| KviY GUv bv bex Kixg (Qvt) †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡Q, bv Zuvi QvnvexMY †_‡K ewY©Z n‡q‡QÕ|17 (5) mD`x Avi‡ei mv‡eK MÖ vÊ gydZx kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh (1330-1420wnt/1913-1998)-Gi gš—e¨t (K) kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh (int)-†K D³ wel‡q cÖkœ Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb e‡jb,

.Ï�> G�� * � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� 6��*� �+�@ � �( ;� ��- =�� T ��@ rs� �� G �% �+�@ ��*�<�y�@ #�� % � �( ;�� L�*M��< �y�U ��D�>.*� ��(�)*� �# ;�� d��@p#*�� T ��# ��% �' K�;�� D�� K��" �T��%.

15. eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/140| 16. nvBqvZz wKevwij Ijvgv, 1/257 c„t| 17. dvZvIqv nvBqvwZ wKevwij Ijvgv 1/241; dvZvIqv Avj-jvRbv Av`-`v‡qgvn wjj eyn~wQj

Bjwgq¨vn Iqvj BdZv (wiqvht Avi-wiqvmvn B`vivZzj eyn~Q Avj-Bjwgq¨vn Iqvj BdZv, 4_© cÖKvkt 2002 Bs/1423 wnt), 7/103 c„t, dvZvIqv bs 3901|

ÔAvgiv hv Rvwb Zv nÕj bex Kixg (Qvt) Ges Qvnvev‡q †Kivg †_‡K cÖgvwYZ nqwb †h Zviv dih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| GRb¨ cwi®‹vi eySv hvq GUv we`ÔAvZÕ|18

(L) gvbbxq gydZx Ab¨Î e‡jb,

�+� �K�N . �� * � �% ��* ��MT�� ' K��E�,��< �T ��# ��% �' K�;�� D�� ' K� K�.8-.*��< K�@ #�� .*� !' K�" ��%�<� &(�Cp� .'% � 6��< �2�3 K�J�9 A�� (�� K�N�< K�@ #�� .'% ! �U.�8.*��< ��T!" D�� }�J�� A�O&*� �� #�6.*�.

ÔBgvg `yÔAv Ki‡e Ges gy³v`xiv Zv‡ì nvZ Zz‡j Avgxb Avgxb Ki‡e GB cÖ_vi †Kvb wfwË †bB; eis GUv we`ÔAvZ, hv eR©b Kiv IqvwRe| Avi DËg nÕj †m Qvjv‡Zi wfZ‡i wmR`vq I mvjv‡gi Av‡M `yÔAv Ki‡eÕ|19

(M) wZwb Ab¨ Av‡iK RvqMvq e‡jb,

�-.*� A�� -�T�;.�� D Z�� * �# T�@ A�� [�#��< A�O&*� �u��K �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� 6��*� � &(�9�< � =�( C��O*� � 6��< �+ =��# J�C*� �+ =��< �_ -�b.*� �[��K�(�)*� �� 38�" ��T =�� u�� D�� *�<

�+ ��# =�;.*��< �y�;�-�J.*� �y�6.\�] �+ =�$�< ��(�)*� �+� .&'8�* ��6��*� � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� *�u��K�-.*� �2�MN A�� u�� D��.

Ôivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hy‡M †h mg — ’v‡b `yÕnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bv †m ’vb¸‡jv‡Z nvZ Zzjv hv‡e bv| †hgb- cuvP Iqv³ dih Qvjv‡Zi ci, `yB wmR`vi gv‡S, Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdiv‡bvi Av‡M Ges RygÔAv I `yB C‡ì Lyrevi gv‡S| †Kbbv ivm~j (Qvt) G mg — ’vb¸‡jv‡Z nvZ Zz‡jbwbÕ|20

(6) kvqL Avj−vgv bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx (1333-1420wnt)-Gi gš—e¨t mybv‡b Aviev mn Ab¨vb¨ nv`xQ MÖ‡š’i Qnxn I hCd nv`x‡Qi cv_©K¨Kvix Ges G m¤ú‡K© wekvj wekvj eû MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡YZv RMwØL¨vZ gynvwÏQ Avj−vgv kvqL gynv¤§v` bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx (int)) D³ we`ÔAvZx c×wZ‡Z `yÔAvKvix‡ì cÖwZ N„Yv †cvlY K‡i G cÖ_v‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j wa°vi w`‡q‡Qb|

�� K!".M�-.*� �u.��D*� �y�=�@ <�D Z�-.*� �+� �� =�*�� }�N�� ...zB��H z#�$��< �� #�$ ��T =�� _ =�*�<.

18. H, gvRg~D dvZvIqv Iqv gvK¡vjvZzb gyZvbvIqvn (wiqvht wiqvQvn B`vivZzj eyn~Q Avj-Bjwgq¨vn Iqvj BdZv, 3q cÖKvkt 1423 wnt), 11/167 c„t Ôdih Qvjv‡Zi ci yÔAv msµvš— Av‡jvPbvÕ ªt|

19. gvRg~D dvZvIqv, 11/170 c„t| 20. gvRg~D dvZvIqv, 11/167 c„t Ôdih Qvjv‡Zi ci yÔnvZ DwV‡q yÔAv Kivi ûKzg msµvš— Av‡jvPbvÕ ªt|

79 80


ÔDwj−wLZ ’v‡b nvZ Zzjvi e¨vcv‡i kixÔAv‡Z †Kvb wKQz ewY©Z nqwb| ... GgbwK G e¨vcv‡i wbf©i‡hvM¨ GKwU nv`xQI †bBÕ|21 wZwb Ab¨Î cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ‡K we`ÔAvZ AvL¨v w`‡q we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb Ges hviv gybvRvZ K‡i Zv‡ì‡K j¶¨ K‡i e‡j‡Qb,

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(7) kvqL gynv¤§v` Beby Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb (1927-2001 L„t/1347-1421wnt)-Gi gš—e¨t

(K) Avj−vgv kvqL IQvqgxb (int)-†K dih Qvjv‡Zi ci gyQj−x‡ì mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb G e¨vcv‡i cwi®‹vi Reve †`b,

!� =�G�� E��@��-�� < ��(�@ �'��" .'�� =�� + ��#�=.*� �u.��< �[��K�(�)*� �� 3% rd��@p#*� ��%�;.>��ÑL�h��(�� y�@ #�� MT�� ' K� K�.8�-.*� �� =�(�@ �+E�K��< ��.*� ��!(.

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(L) GQvov kvqL IQvqgxb (int)-†K wR‡Ám Kiv n‡qwQj, Qvjv‡Zi ci `yÔAv Kiv Ges `yÔnvZ Zzjvi ûKzg wK? ( � ��(�)�*� �# ;�� rd��@p#*��< �+ ��#�=.*� �u.�� .j�$��) DË‡i wZwb e‡jb,

21. H, wmjwmjv hCdvn, 2q ms¯‹iY, 3/31 c„t| 22. we¯—vwiZ †`Lybt nv/5701-Gi Av‡jvPbv| 23. Avj−vgv IQvqgxb, gvRg~D dvZvIqv, 13/258 c„t|

F�K¢� : ��< f��@�3�< �� #�� u�� (�)*� � ��% �� '��C �.*� &'% �� <�D Z�-.*� �+� �_ =�* �o�D�) �� .'% �# ;�� K�@ #�� K�" +� ! �U.�% ��(�)*� �� Id��@p#*� &'�� Id��@p#*� �# ��D�� '��"

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(8) Avey Avãyi ingvb RvBjvb-Gi e³e¨t Avey Avãyi ingvb RvBjvb web Lvqi Avj-Avi“mx e‡jb,

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24. H, dvZvIqv AviKvwbj Bmjvg, c„t 339, bs 262; H, gvRg~D dvZvIqv 14/393| 25. H, AvÏyÔAv Iqv gvbwhjvZzû wgbvj AvK¡x`vwZj Bmjvwgqvn, 2q LÊ, c„t 669 -M„nxZt

AvKivgyhhvgvb web Avãym mvjvg, weåvwš—i †eovRv‡j gybvRvZ, c„t 56|

81 82

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ (9) Bebyj nv¾ gv°xi e³e¨t Avj−vgv Bebyj nv¾ gv°x (int) e‡jb,

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s� �(�� ½�*� �3�@ + +j� ³ �� C*� #;� y-x²� �(;>� :M*� d�@#*� �%��3�$²� + �h F�6*� �MN £ B6a� ³< (9< �=(@.

Ôdih Qvjv‡Zi mvjvg wdwi‡q mw¤§wjZfv‡e BgvgMY †h gybvRvZ K‡i _v‡Kb Zv KL‡bv ivm~j (Qvt) K‡ibwb Ges G m¤ú‡K© GKwU nv`xQI cvIqv hvqwbÕ|27 (11) Avj−vgv Ievq`yj−vn ingvbx gyeviKcyixi gš—e¨t fviZxq Dcgnv‡`‡ki cÖL¨vZ Avn‡jnv`xQ weØvb wgkKv‡Zi fvl¨ ÔwgiÔAvZzj gvdvZxnÕ-Gi cÖ‡YZv Avj−vgv Ievq`yj−vn ingvbx gyeviKcyix (int) e‡jb, Ôdih QvjvZ †k‡l mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci Bgvg I gy³v`x mw¤§gwjZfv‡e nvZ DwV‡q Bgv‡gi ¯i‡e `yÔAv cvV I gy³v`x‡ì ¯k‡ã ÔAvgxbÕ ÔAvgxbÕ ejvi cÖ_vwU Øx‡bi g‡a¨ GKwU bZzb m„wó| ivm~j (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q †Kivg nÔ‡Z Qnxn I hCd mb‡` †Kvb `jxj †bBÕ|28

(12) gvIjvbv AvjxgyÏx‡bi e³e¨t Ôevsjv‡`k RgCq‡Z Avn‡j nv`xmÕ-Gi mv‡eK †K›`ªxq mn-mfvcwZ I cÖavb gydZx Avey gynv¤§v` AvjxgyÏxb (int) dih Qvjv‡Zi ci cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv Kiv I RygÔAvi w`b `yB Avhvb †Ìqvi cÖwZev‡` Ô`yB Avhvb I gybvRvZÕ bv‡g GKwU eB wj‡L‡Qb| wZwb Zvi 1971 mv‡j †jLv ÔwKZvey `yAvÕ bvgK cy —‡K e‡jb,

26. Avj-gv`Lvj 2/283 c„t -M„nxZt ......| 27. wmdi“m mvÔAv`vZ, c„t 20; M„nxZt mw¤§wjZ gybvRvZ, c„t 17| 28. Avj−vgv gynvwÏQ Ievq`yj−vn gyeviKcyix, gvwmK gynvwÏQ (†ebvimt Ryb Õ82), c„t 19-29|

Ô†gvUK_v diR bvgvh ci ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) nvZ DVvBqv `yÔAv Kwi‡jb Ges mvnvevMY mg‡eZfv‡e nvZ DVvBqv ÔAvgxb, AvgxbÕ Kwi‡jb- GB we‡kl c×wZwUi eY©bv †mnvn †mËvi nv`x‡Q wKsev nv`x‡Qi Ab¨vb¨ MÖ‡š’ wbf©i‡hvM¨ †KvbI GKwU mb` Øviv cÖgvwYZ nB‡Z †`Lv hvq bvB| A_P GK_v Ab¯xKvh© †h, hZ †jv‡Ki `yÔAv Ke~j nB‡e Zb¥‡a¨ ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi ’vb me©v‡MÖ| AZGe †hgb wZwb mvnvevMY‡K jBqv KzbyZ cwoqvwQ‡jb Abyiƒc diR bvgvhv‡š— `yÔAv Kwi‡jb Ges mvnvevMY ÔAvgxb, AvgxbÕ Kwi‡jb GBiƒc ¯úófv‡e †LvjvLywj eY©bv Aaybv cÖPwjZ wbf©i‡hvM¨ nv`x‡Qi MÖ‡š’ cvIqv hvq bvÕ|29 AZtci gvbbxq †jLK e‡jb, Ômg‡eZfv‡e cÖPwjZ cÖ_vq `yAv Kwievi wbqgwU GKwU wgwó †eÀvZ| mybœv‡Z gynv¤§v`xqvi g‡a¨ GK Awfbe AbycÖ‡ekÕ|30 (13) cÖ‡dmi Wt gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwj‡ei gš—e¨t ÔAvn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjb evsjv‡`kÕ-Gi Avgxi Ges ivRkvnx wek¦we`¨vj‡qi Aviex wefv‡Mi mv‡eK †Pqvig¨vb cÖ‡dmi Wt gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje e‡jb, Ôdih QvjvZ †k‡l mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c‡i Bgvg I gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ DwV‡q mi‡e †`vÔAv cvV I gy³v`x‡ì mk‡ã ÔAvgxbÕ ÔAvgxbÕ ejvi cÖPwjZ cÖ_vwU Øx‡bi g‡a¨ GKwU bZzb m„wóÕ|31 GQvov wek¦weL¨vZ BwZnvm MÖš’ ÔAvi-ivnxKzj gvLZ‚gÕ mn Ab¨vb¨ g~jëvb MÖ‡š’i cÖ‡YZv Avj−vgv QwdDi ingvb gyeviKcyix, ÔAvBbx Zzndv mvjv‡Z †gv —dvÕ eB‡qi cÖwm× †jLK nv‡dh AvBbyj evix Avjxqvfx, †bcv‡ji me‡P‡q eo Avwjg Avj−vgv Avãyi iEd SvÊvbMix, gvIjvbv Avãyb b~i mvjvdx, gvIjvbv nvexeyj−vn Lvb ingvbx, †`ke‡iY¨ Av‡j‡g Øxb I †kªô gybvwhi gvIjvbv Avãyi iDd, Avãyj Lv‡jK mvjvdx cÖgyL cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ‡K eû c~‡e©B we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb Ges cÖZ¨vL¨vb K‡i‡Qb| cvwK —v‡bi mg — Avn‡jnv`xQ msMVb Ges RvwgÔAvn mvjvwdqv KivPx gvìvmv mn Ab¨vb¨ mKj cÖwZôvb I gmwR` mg~n †_‡K GB we`ÔAvZ D‡V †M‡Q| fvi‡Zi ÔAj-BwÊqv RgCq‡Z Avn‡jnv`xQÕ mn Ab¨vb¨ msMVb Ges Avn‡jnv`x‡Qi HwZnëvnx cÖwZôvb RvwgÔAvn mvjvwdqv †ebvim †_‡K GB cÖ_v eûw`b Av‡MB DrLvZ n‡q‡Q| (5) gvwmK AvZ-Zvnix‡Ki dvZvIqvt (K) Ô‡¶Î we‡k‡l Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt) †_‡K GKvKx nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvi weï× cÖgvY _vK‡jI ivm~j (Qvt) Zuvi †ZBk eQ‡ii bex Rxe‡b †Kvb dih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv K‡ibwb|32

29. wKZvey` `yAv (cÖKvkKvjt 1971 L„t), c„t 57| 30. wKZvey` `yAv (cÖKvkKvjt 1971 L„t, c„t 58| 31. `ªt H, QvjvZzi ivm~j (Qvt), 82-83| 32. we¯—vwiZ `ªóe¨t gvwmK AvZ-ZvnixK, †deªyqvix Õ98 msL¨v, cÖ‡kœvËi 3/46|

83 84

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ (L) dih Qvjv‡Zi †k‡l mvjvg wdiv‡bvi c‡i Bgvg I gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ DwV‡q cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ c×wZwU a‡g©i bv‡g GKwU bZzb m„wó| †Kbbv ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) I Qvnvev‡q †Kivg n'†Z Gi c‡¶ Qnxn ev hCd m~‡Î †Kvb cÖgvY †bB|33 (6) mvßvwnK Avivdv‡Zi e³e¨t Ôevsjv‡`k RgCq‡Z Avn‡j nv`xmÕ-Gi GKgvÎ gyLcÎ ÔmvßvwnK AvivdvZÕ Bgvg I gy³v`x mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Kiv‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j AvL¨v w`‡q‡Q| mgv‡R cÖPwjZ we`ÔAvZ mg~n D‡j−L Ki‡Z wM‡q ejv n‡q‡Q- ÔAvhv‡bi `yÔAv cvV Kivi mgq `yÕnvZ D‡Ëvjb Kiv Ges RvgvÔAv‡Zi bvgv‡h Bgvg mvjvg wdiv‡bvi ci me© v mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Kiv‡K DËg I cy‡Yï KvR wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv| 24 bs UxKvq ejv n‡q‡Q, dih bvgv‡hi ci mvjvg wdwi‡q ivm~j (mv) gymwj−‡ì‡K wb‡q `yÔAv Kivi †Kvb cÖgvY †bB|34 nvbvdx gvhnv‡ei Ijvgv‡q †Kivgt (1) Qnxn eyLvix I wZiwghxi fvl¨Kvi Avj−vgv Av‡bvqvi kvn Kvk¥xix (int) e‡jb,

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��K(�)�*� �# ;�� T ��# ��% �+ =�;�� y�=�@��-�O �� y�n =�T�� rd��@p#*� �3��(�6.*� �+� �D =�a�" �� #�� 2�# T�@ �£ �L�*� B�6.a�� *�< �y�� K�O.j�-.*� � &(��9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� E��6��*� E �]�8�.*��<

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Ôdih Qvjv‡Zi ci mw¤§wjZfv‡e gyQj−x‡ì nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi c×wZ A‡bK RvqMvq cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| A_P Zv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hy‡M wQj bv| we‡kl K‡i me© v Kiv| Z‡e dih Qvjv‡Zi ci A‡bK `yÔAv Kivi K_v cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| wKš—y Zv nvZ Zz‡j bq Ges mw¤§wjZfv‡eI bqÕ|36

33. we¯—vwiZ `ªóe¨t gvwmK AvZ-ZvnixK, wW‡m¤î Õ98 msL¨v, cÖ‡kœvËi 14/49| 34. mvßvwnK AvivdvZ, 41el©, msL¨v 40Zg, 29†k †g 2000, c„t 7, 24 bs UxKv mn| 35. Avj-Didzk &kvhx , c„t 95, M„nxZt mw¤§wjZ gybvRvZ, c„t 40| 36. gvÔAvwidzm mybvb 3/409 c„t; M„nxZt gydZx gywneŸyÏxb, kiqx gvb`‡Ê dih bvgv‡Ri ci mw¤§wjZ

gybvRvZ (PUªMªvgt 1997), c„t 15|

(3) Avj−vgv ikx` Avngv` cvwK —vbx-Gi e³e¨t Avj−vgv ikx` Avngv` cvwK —vbx (int) e‡jb,

D�"� �ª ��D� �3� ��µ B@�È�� =�@ �� c�� <� (9< �=(@ s� �(� �D"% �KU$ ÒK" K" �� K� ��KN �x�D� �@3 �@�-O�� T6" #;� �" ��µ Ó (9< �=(@ s� �(� F{

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(4) Avj−vgv Avãyj nvB jv‡¶èŠfx (int) e‡jb,

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(6) evsjv‡`ki cÖL¨vZ Avwjg gydZx dvqhyj−vn nvbvdx nvUnvRvix (int) e‡jb,

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37. Avnmvbyj dvZvIqv 3/68 c„t; M„nxZt -mw¤§wjZ gybvRvZ, c„t 25| 38. dvZvIqv Avãyj nvB 1/100 c„t -M„nxZt mw¤§wjZ gybvRvZ, c„t 15|

85 86

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Ô†R‡b ivL, eZ©gv‡b mw¤§wjZ AvKv‡i `yÔnvZ DwV‡q `yÔAv Kivi †h cÖPjb i‡q‡Q †hgb- e³‡eï c~‡e© I c‡i, `yB C‡ì Qvjv‡Zi ci A_ev Lyrevi ci, Zvivexni Qvjv‡Zi cÖwZ Pvi ivKÔAv‡Zi ci, wewZ‡ii ci, weev‡ni ci, Kei whqvi‡Zi ci, eyLvix kix‡di LZ‡gi ci, ivgvhv‡b Zvivexn LZ‡gi ci, dih Qvjv‡Zi ci `yÔnvZ DwV‡q mw¤§wjZ AvKv‡i `yÔAv Kiv wbtm‡›`‡n we`ÔAvZ hv ivm~j (Qvt), Qvnvev, Zv‡eCb I gyRZvwn` BgvgM‡Yi mgq wQj bvÕ eis Zv ¯Y© hy‡Mi c‡i Øx‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© KvR wnmv‡e Pvjy n‡q‡Q †hb Zv Øx‡bi weavb|39 gvIjvbv Ab¨Î e‡jb,

^jh �" B@�È Dj( �TO"� }9 �Z=Ì `x�D� #;� �D" �@3 D"�ª� [�N Ô �(�9 ^�;� � �N AÅ [K6H ÒK" �;\�< �� " �@3 �C�� Ô d�DS B;�Dh

�K�K �� =;�� KN �=G� 2< 2�K] �9 ��3�$� � �9X �R� �C" � �<� �N B@#� ��=R� d�@3 �� 9 [��6@ �".

Ôdih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i Bgvg I gy³v`x nvZ DwV‡q mw¤§wjZfv‡e me© v `yÔAv Kiv †gŠwjK ev AKvU¨fv‡e Rjš— kvixÔAvZ Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq| c~e©eZ©x‡ì Avgj ØvivI cÖgvwYZ bq| †Kvb nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq Qnxn †nvK ev hCd wKsev gIh~ (ev‡bvqvU-Rvj)| GgbwK Qvnvex, Zv‡eC I Zv‡e-Zv‡eC †_‡KI †Kvb cÖgvY †bB; eis Bnv ¯úó we`ÔAvZÕ|40 (7) Aveyj Avjv gI`~ xi e³e¨t Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi cÖwZôvZv mvBwq` Aveyj AvÔjv gI`~ x (int) e‡jb, ÔG‡Z m‡›`n †bB eZ©gv‡b RvgvAv‡Z bvgvh Av`vq Kivi ci Bgvg mv‡ne I gy³v`xMY wg‡j †h cš’vq `yÔAv K‡ib G cš’v bex Kixg mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn I mvj−v‡gi hvgvbvq cÖPwjZ wQj bv| G Kvi‡Y wKQz msL¨K Avwjg G cš’v‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ K‡i‡QbÕ|41 D‡j−L¨, Dcgnv‡`‡ki me©e„nr gvìvmv Ô`vi“j Dj~g †Ìe›`Õ Ges evsjv‡`‡ki me©e„nr gvìvmv PUªMÖvg nvUnvRvix mn eû nvbvdx cÖwZôvb †_‡K D³ cÖ_v D‡V †M‡Q| gvwmK c„w_exi drIqvt ÔRvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx evsjv‡`kÕ-Gi gvwmK cwÎKv Ôc„w_exÕ cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv Kiv †h nv`xQ we‡ivax, Zv cÖ‡kœvËi Kjv‡g Gfv‡e D‡j−L K‡i‡Q †h, Ôdih bvgv‡hi ci ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj−vg gymj−x‡ì‡K wb‡q mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j gybvRvZ K‡i‡Qb Giƒc †Kvb nv`xm cvIqv hvq bvÕ|42 Ab¨ Av‡iK msL¨vq ejv n‡q‡Q, Ôdih

39. AvnKvgy` `vIqvZ Avj-gyivIqvRvn, c„t 10-M„nxZ: Ômw¤§wjZ gybvRvZÕ c„t 33| 40. H, AvnKvgy` `vÔIqvZ Avj-gyivIqARvn, c„t 21; M„nxZt mw¤§wjZ gybvRvZ, c„t 21| 41. ivmv‡qj I gvmv‡qj, 1/130-31 c„t| 42. H, AvMó Ô98 msL¨v, cÖ‡kœvËi bs 3 c„t 71-72|

bvgv‡hi ci ivm~jyj−vn mvj−vj−vû AvjvBwn Iqv mvj−vg gymj−x‡ì‡K wb‡q mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ DwV‡q gybvRvZ K‡i‡Qb Gai‡Yi †Kvb nv`xm hw` Avcbv‡ì Kv‡iv Rvbv _v‡K ZvnÔ‡j wKZv‡ei bvg, cÖKvkK, ms¯‹iY, Aa¨vq I Aby‡”Q` D‡j−L K‡i Rvbv‡j Avgiv K…ZÁ _vKeÕ|43 gymwjg †`k¸‡jvi Ae ’vbt Avgiv gymwjg †`k¸‡jvi w`‡K j¶¨ Ki‡j Rvb‡Z cvwi, †h †`k¸‡jv‡Z me© cÖ_g Bmjv‡gi m~Pbv n‡q‡Q Ges †h mg — †`‡ki Awaevmxiv Avgv‡ì †`k Z_v fviZ Dcgvnv‡`‡ki c~‡e© Bmjvg MÖnY K‡i‡Q| †hgb cweÎ g°v-g`xbv Z_v mD`x Avie, Kz‡qZ, wmwiqv, evnivBb, Avie AvwgivZ, RW©vb, Avj‡Rwiqv cÖf„wZ †`‡ki KziAvb-mybœvni cÖK…Z Abymvixiv dih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv K‡i bv| eis Zviv Qvjv‡Zi ci Qnxn nv`x‡Q ewY©Z whwKi mg~n wb‡R wb‡R c‡o _v‡K| cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi BwZnvmt kixÔAv‡Z cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ †bB Zv we‡k¦i †kªô Bmjvgx cwÊZ‡ì e³e¨ Øviv cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| Zviv c~‡e©i hy‡Mi †nvb ev eZ©gvb hy‡Mi †nvb| Dfq hy‡Mi †kªô weØvbMY G‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb| ZvÕn‡j GB bZzb cÖ_v KLb Pvjy nÕj, Ges †Kv_vq Pvjy nÕj, Kviv Pvjy Kij †m cÖkœ A‡b‡KiB| cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ m¤ú‡K© hZUzKz Rvbv hvq Zv nÕj- 600 wnRixi c~‡e© Gi †Kvb Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bv| Gi c~‡e© Pvjy nÕ‡j c‡¶ ev wec‡¶ Aek¨B Av‡jvPbv cvIqv †hZ| mv‡o QqkÕ wnRixi c‡i Gi Aw¯—Z¡ cvIqv hvq| kvqLyj Bmjvg Bgvg Be‡b Zvqwgqvn (int) 661 wnRix‡Z Rb¥ MªnY K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡K GB cª_v m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Kiv nÕ‡j wZwb e‡jb, GwU we`ÔAvZ| Bnv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hy‡M wQj bv| Gici ZuviB QvÎ Bgvg Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) e‡jb, GB cÖ_v Qnxn ev hCd †Kvb cÖKvi nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ bq| Zuvi Rb¥ 691 wnRix‡Z, g„Zz 751 wnRix‡Z| Zvici †_‡K eZ©gvb hyM ch©š— cÖwZ hy‡MB nK¡cš’x Av‡jgMY G‡K we`ÔAvZ e‡j Avm‡Qb| Rvbv Avek¨K †h, Bmjv‡gi bv‡g hZ eo eo bZzb cÖ_v Pvjy n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jvi AwaKvskB Pvjy n‡q‡Q 600 wnRixi Av‡M c‡i| †hgb- gxjv‡ì gZ me©vwaK cwiwPZ we`ÔAvZx cÖ_v Pvjy n‡q‡Q 604 ev 625 wnRix‡Z| wK¡qvg cÖ_v Pvjy n‡q‡Q GB kZvãxi †k‡li w`‡K| k‡eeiv‡Zi gZ wekvj wg_¨v Abyôv‡bi m~Pbv n‡q‡Q 448 wnRix‡Z| Abyiƒc 10B gynvii‡gi we`ÔAvZx Drme 351 ev 352 wnRix‡Z| 27 iR‡ei gRgv ïi“ n‡q‡Q H GKB mg‡q| myZivs gybvRvZI †h Gi duv‡K Pvjy n‡q‡Q Zv ¯úó K‡iB ejv hvq| ZvB gxjv`, wK¡qvg, k‡eeivZ cÖf„wZ cÖ_v †hgb we`ÔAvZ †Zgwb gybvRvZI we`ÔAvZ| G¸‡jv †hgb cÖK…Z gymwjg mgv‡R ¯’vb cvqwb myZivs GB we`ÔAvZx gybvRvZI ¯’vb cvIqvi K_v bq| ZvB mybœvZ‡K msi¶Y Kivi gnvb ¯v‡_© GB we`ÔAvZ‡K HKë×fv‡e DrLvZ Kiv Acwinvh©|

43. H, RyjvB 2000 cÖ‡kœvËi 6, c„t 75|

87 88


cÂg Aa¨vq

Ab¨vb¨ ’v‡b `je× `yÔAv (GK) g„Z‡K `vdb Kivi ci Kei ’v‡b `je×fv‡e `yÔAv Kivi eY©bvt g„Z e¨w³‡K `vdb Kivi ci mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv Kivi †h †iIqvR mgv‡R Pvjy Av‡Q kixÔAv‡Z Zvi Qnxn †Kvb wfwË †bB| g~jZ RvbvhvB g„Zy e¨w³i Rb¨ we‡kl `yÔAv| cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ †h eY©bv †ck Kiv nq Zv Rvj| †hgb-

(9< �=(@ s� �(� ½�*� 2��8� gD d�Í*� +� yG(~ '% �K$< +� ¸)$ +@ �(� �K(J@< �� ÓK�� [K�� =� ¨#$ #� i� yG(~ :�%i Ó� 7�R� 23K;� ��(N² 7�� '�"< £K� ¹$ oK@ +� ³�9 �� (9< �=(@ s� �(� ½�*� Â(6�

�� ^=(*� ^]3 �� Ó�� (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� �K@#�i< ÓK��3�� B � ¸�$ (�9< �=(@ s� �(� ½�*� Í]8� ½66C� F�)� '% �3KT� �=(@ o�]% 5*% T(*� 7�R� ��#� u�� ¿ �; ��*� �)� 2Í� �(@ ��< ¹$ d�J� �6�%

�=*� LGU�< L=*� LGU� yG(~. (26) ûmvBb web IqvnIqvn (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z, Z¡vjnv Beby eviv GK`v Amy ’ n‡q c‡o| d‡j ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡K †`L‡Z G‡m ej‡jb, Z¡vjnv g„Zz i †iv‡M Avµvš— n‡q‡Q| myZivs †Zvgiv Avgv‡K Zvi g„Zy i Lei Rvbv‡e| wKš‘ Zviv Zvovûov Kij| ivm~j (Qvt) evYx mv‡jg web AvI‡di wbKU bv †cuŠQ‡ZB †m gviv †Mj| †m Zvi cwievi‡K Av‡MB e‡jwQj Avwg iv‡Î g„Zz eiY Ki‡j †Zvgiv Avgv‡K `vdb Ki‡e Avi ivm~j (Qvt)-†K †W‡Kv bv| KviY Avwg AvksKv KiwQ Avgvi Kvi‡Y wZwb Bû`x KZ…©K Avµvš— nÕ‡Z cv‡ib| AZtci mKvj nÕ‡j ivm~j (Qvt)-†K msev` †Ìqv nq| d‡j wZwb G‡m Zvi Ke‡ii cv‡k ùvovb Ges †jv‡KivI Zuvi mv‡_ KvZview›` n‡q ùvovq| Zvici wZwb Zuvi `yÕnvZ Zzj‡jb Ges `yÔAv Ki‡jb, †n Avj−vn! Z¡vjnvi Rb¨ eskai Aewkó ivLyb hvi w`‡K Avcwb mš‘wó n‡eb Avi †m Avcbvi cÖwZ mš‘wó n‡e|1

1. ZveivYx, gyÔRvgyj Kexi nv/3473; dvhhyj weÔAv nv/28; dvrûj evix 3/152, nv/1247-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt, ÔRvbvhvÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-5|

ZvnK¡xK¡t eY©bvwU Rvj| D³ nv`x‡Qi †klvsk A_©vr ÔAZtci wZwb `yÔnvZ Zzj‡jb Ges `yÔAv Ki‡jb....GB K_vUzKz Zveivbx e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kvb nv`x‡Qi MÖ‡š’ †bB| GwU Qnxn nv`x‡Qi mivmwi we‡ivax| KviY D³ nv`xQ Ab¨vb¨ nv`xQ MÖ‡š’I ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †Kv_vI †mB Ask †bB| we‡kl K‡i GB nv`xQwU Qnxn eyLvix‡Z cÖvq 8 RvqMvq G‡m‡Q wKš‘ †Kvb ’v‡b H AwZwi³ AskUzKz †bB|2 Zvi g‡a¨ GKwU nÕj-

=�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� !7 K�9�� '��" �'��C � �[�� 7�� -T�@ rs� �� 6�@ �+ �� +�@ �� .'�% !j�;�� 7��R�� 2 <�D�6 ]�% ��6 �% ��-�(�� ( =�* �2 K��#�� =&(*�� [��-�� 2�3 K�;�� &(�9�< �2�D� 6�� 8�� L =�(�@ �5�Z� .'% �y�-.(!m B��"�< �� N�D�j�� ! =&(*� �'��" � K!*�� K�-�( ;��

�� =�(�@ �&(�)��. Beby AveŸvm (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v R‰bK e¨w³ gviv hvq, hv‡K ivm~j (Qvt) †`L‡Z wM‡qwQ‡jb| †m ivwÎ‡Z gviv †M‡j †jv‡Kiv Zv‡K iv‡ZB `vdb K‡i †d‡j| mKvj nÕ‡j Zviv ivm~j (Qvt)-†K msev` †`q| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Avgv‡K Rvbv‡Z †Zvgv‡ì‡K wK‡m evav w`j? Zviv ejj, ivwÎi Kvi‡Y Avgiv Avcbv‡K msev` †Ìqv Acm›` K‡iwQ| Avi ivwÎI wQj Mvp AÜKvi| ZvB Avgiv Avcbv‡K Kx K‡i Kó †`B| AZtci wZwb Ke‡ii Kv‡Q †M‡jb Ges QvjvZ co‡jb|3 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q, ÔwZwb Zv‡ì BgvgwZ Ki‡jb Avi Zviv Zuvi wcQ‡b QvjvZ Av`vq KijÕ|4 Ab¨Î G‡m‡Q, ÔwZwb ùvov‡jb Avi Avgiv Zuvi wcQ‡b KvZvie›`x n‡q ùvovjvgÕ|5 Gfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ eY©bv¸‡jv‡ZI GKB kã G‡m‡Q| wKš‘ H evowZ Ask †bB|

wØZxqZt D³ eY©bvi mb‡` A‡bK Î“wU i‡q‡Q| Bebyj Kvjex (int) e‡jb, eY©bvwU gyimvj wnmv‡e hCd| KviY nv`xQwU mvC` web DiIqvn †_‡K ûQvBb web IqvnIqvn eY©bv K‡i‡Q| A_P Df‡qi mv‡_ †Kvbw`b mv¶vr nqwb|6

2. Qnxn eyLvix nv/857, 1247, 1319, 1321, 1322, 1326, 1336 I 1340, 1/167 I 178-79 c„t| 3. Qnxn eyLvix nv/1247, 1/167 c„t, ÔRvbvhvÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-5; wgkKvZ nv/1658-59; e½vbyev`

wgkKvZ nv/1569-70, 4/58 c„t| 4. �< T8��>(] �K( -eyLvix nv/1336, 1/178 c„t|

5. �>(] ��>>)� ��R� -eyLvix nv/1321; Avey`vE` nv/3203| 6. y6G� �-¦ B6a�i -Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx, Avj-BQvevn dx ZvgqxwhQ Qvnvevn, 2/261-262 c„t

I 9/103 c„t, ivex bs- 7745; hCd Avey`vE` nv/3159; gynv¤§v` bvwQi“Ïxb Avjevbx, wmjwmjv hCdvn nv/3232; Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/1625|

89 90

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ `vdb Kivi ci KiYxqt g~jZ RvbvhvB `yÔAv| mvaviY gvby‡li AÁZv I MÖvg¨ †gŠjfx‡ì `yÔAvi A_© bv Rvbvi Kvi‡Y `vd‡bi ci cÖPwjZ we`ÔAvZ Pvjy Av‡Q| Zviv †h `yÔAv¸‡jv c‡o _v‡Kb †m¸‡jv me wb‡R‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨B K‡ib| Zv‡Z g„Z e¨w³i †Kvb jvf nq bv | AeyS †jv‡Kiv †Kej Avgxb Avgxb e‡j Zvovûov K‡i P‡j Av‡m| A_P G mgq cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ webxZfv‡e Bw —Mdvi Kivi wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| hv Ki‡Z n‡e `x¶©Y a‡i| †hgb nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q-

�6��*� �'��" �7�� @ s� �� '�-a@ +@ �+.��3 +� ��D�� (9< �=(@ rs� �(� p�!7�8 C�� '±� �� B =�6.a�O*�� * � K!(�9 � !H !j =�]�8�* � <�D�> V�O 9�� 7��R�� =�(�@ ��< �BE=�-.*�.

IQgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) hLb gyi`v‡K `vdb K‡i Aemi MÖnY Ki‡Zb ZLb †mLv‡b ùvwo‡q wZwb ej‡Zb, Ô†Zvgiv †Zvgv‡ì fvB‡qi Rb¨ ¶gv cÖv_©bv Ki, Zuvi Rb¨ Ke‡i ’vqxZ¡ PvI (A_©vr †m †hb †d‡ikZv‡ì cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z cv‡i)| GLb Zuv‡K wR‡Ám Kiv n‡”QÕ|7 Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q, Qvnvex Avgi Bebyj ÔAvQ gyg~ly© Ae ’vq Zvi mš—vb‡ì‡K e‡jwQ‡jb,

�O ��3 �� z� <�t�� D�G �� #�� :�D 6�� 7 K�$ � K�- =��% � !H �¤��h �F��DpO*� ��(�@ � Kp��Z�� K�- �E�� 9�� u��!% �� ( @%�< !j�� _�8�O 9% ��O�$ ��T�- G�* � �C�R��<.

ÔhLb †Zvgiv Avgv‡K `vdb Ki‡e, ZLb Avgvi Dci ax‡i ax‡i gvwU w`‡e| AZtci Avgvi Ke‡ii cv‡k¦© Ae ’vb Ki‡e, hZ¶Y GKwU DU he‡n K‡i Zvi †MvkZ e›Ub Ki‡Z mgq jv‡M| hv‡Z Avwg †Zvgv‡ì Kvi‡Y ¯w ’ jvf Ki‡Z cvwi Ges Avgvi cÖwZcvj‡Ki c¶ †_‡K †cÖwiZ †d‡ikZvM‡Yi Kx DËi wè Zv †hb Rvb‡Z cvwiÕ|8 AZGe mybœvZ nÔj `vd‡bi ci Dcw ’Z cÖ‡Z¨‡KB gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ Avj−vni ìev‡i ¶gv cÖv_©bv Ki‡e| Aviex `yÔAv¸‡jv Rvbv _vK‡j Aviex‡ZB Ki‡e| Ab¨_v wbR wbR fvlvq gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ GKvš—fv‡e ¶gv cÖv_©bv Ki‡e †hb †m cÖ‡kœvË‡i mdj nq Ges Ke‡ii Avhve †_‡K gyw³ jvf K‡i| G mgq gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ wb‡gœi `yÔAv¸‡jv evi evi co‡et

WX�� OE6�H�< ��* D�>.S� � �T4(*�� .

7. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/3221, c„t 459, ÔKei ’vb †_‡K wdivi mgq gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ Bw¯—Mdvi KivÕ Aby‡”Q`, mb` Qnxn; wgkKvZ nv/133, c„t 26|

8. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1716, c„t 149; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1624, 4/79 c„t, ÔRvbvhvÕ Aa¨vq, Ôg„Z‡K `vdb KivÕ Aby‡”Q`|

(1) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vM&wdi jvn~ Iqv QveweZû| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡K ¶gv Ki“b Ges Zv‡K (cÖ‡kœvË‡i I Cgv‡bi Dci) AUj ivLybÕ|9

eX� =�$�D*� �� K!>�V.*� �B % �L�� -�$ ��< ��* D�>.S� � �T&(*��. (2) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vMwdijvû Iqvinvgû BbœvKv AvsZvj Md‚i“i inxg| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡K ¶gv Ki“b Ges Zvi cÖwZ ing Ki“b| wbðqB Avcwb ¶gvkxj `qvjyÕ|10

qX ��V.*� A�� 6�R�@ A�� .>!( ]��< � E��# T�-.*� A�� O��3 u�� < ��* D�>.S� � �T&(*�� +��D��=�� * �EK��< �2�D 6�� A�� * ��C.��< � �-�*��;.*� �F�� *�< ��* D�>.S��<.

(3) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vM&wdi& jvû Iqvi&dvÔ `vivRvZn~ wdj gvn&w`Bqxbv| IqvL&jydn~ dx ÔAvwK¡wewn wdj M-weixb, IqvM&wdi& jvbv Iqv jvn~ Bqv ieŸvj ÔAv-jvgxb| Iqvdmvn jvn~ dx K¡e&winx Iqv bvweŸi jvn~ dxwn|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡K gvd K‡i w`b| †n`vqvZ cÖvß‡ì g‡a¨ Zv‡K D”P gh©v`v `vb Ki“b Ges Zvi wcQ‡b hviv i‡q †Mj Zv‡ì g‡a¨ Avcwb cÖwZwbwa nb| †n RMr mg~‡ni cÖwZcvjK! Avcwb Avgv‡ì‡K I Zv‡K ¶gv Ki“b| Zvi Kei cÖk — K‡i w`b Ges Zvi Rb¨ Kei‡K Av‡jvwKZ Ki“bÕ|11

(4) Rvbvhvi Qvjv‡Z cwVZ `yÔAv¸‡jvI evievi c‡o gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ `yÔAv Ki‡e| we‡kl K‡i cÖ_g `yÔAvwU, †hLv‡b gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ PvIqv-cvIqvi mewKQyB Av‡Q| Gfv‡eB webxZ n‡q evi evi Avj−vni wbKU g„Zz e¨w³i Rb¨ ¶gv wf¶v Ki‡Z n‡e|

(5) hviv `yÔAv Rv‡b bv Zviv wbR wbR fvlvq Avš—wiKfv‡e gvB‡q‡Zi Rb¨ ¶gv PvB‡e|

D‡j−L¨, gvwU †Ìqvi mgq mvaviY `yÔAv wnmv‡e ïay Ôwemwgj−vnÕ ej‡e| G mgq cwVZe¨ eûj cÖPwjZ `yÔAvwU wbZvš—B hCd hv †Q‡o †Ìqv hiƒix|12 `yÔAvwU wbæiƒc,

!"��.R�(�] ��T ��:D ]!% �� !j��D b� ��T ��< !"�# =�;� ��T =��< .

9. Avey`vE`, c„t 459; Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/3221, mb` Qnxn; wgkKvZ nv/133, c„t 26; mvC` Beby Avjx Avj-KvnZvbx, wnQbyj gymwjg, Abyev`t †gvnvt Gbvgyj nK (XvKvt 78, DËi hvÎvevox, †g 2001), c„t 215, `yÔAv bs 162|

10. Avey`vE`, c„t 457; Qnxn Avey`vD` nv/3202, ÔRvbvhvÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-60| 11. Qnxn gymwjg nv/2130 (920), 1/301 c„t; wgkKvZ nv/1219, ÔRvbvhvÕ Aa¨vq| 12. Avngv` 5/254; ZvK¡ixeyZ Zvnhxe, c„t 401; Wt Avãyj Kixg web Avãyj−vn Avj-Lvhxi, Avj-

nv`xQyh hCd Iqv ûKgyj BnwZRvwR wenx (wiqvht `vi“j gymwjg, 1997/1417), c„t 283-84|

91 92


Rvbvhvi yÔAvt

ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Id��@p#�*� ��* � K�)�( ]�8�� BE=�-.*� ��(�@ �O =&(�� ÔhLb †Zvgiv gvB‡q‡Zi Rvbvhv co‡e ZLb Zvi Rb¨ Lv‡jQ Aš—‡i `yÔAv Ki‡eÕ|13

(1) cÖ_g `yÔAvt

��.(�C�.S��< ��(�] #� uE9�<�< ��*�t� ��D."�%�< �� @ �� @��< ��@�< �� -�$ ��< ��* D�>.S� � �T4(*� �_��#�*� �+�� = ��8.*� �F K&a*� �B =&R� ��-�" ��\�b.*� �+� ��0R��< �3�D�6.*��< �c.(&a*��< �d��-.*��

=�] �l��3 ��.*�# �%�< ��.(�] 3��< �� <�� +� �lD =�] �l� <��< ��( N�% +� �lD =�] �� N�%�< �2��3 +E �lD��*� �F��M�@�< �D 6�R.*� �F��M�@ +� �2.M�@�%�< �y��J.*�.

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vM&wdi jvn~ Iqvinvgn~ Iqv ÔAv-wdnx IqvÔdz ÔAvbû Iqv AvKwig byhyjvn~ Iqv Iqvm&wmÔ gv`&Ljvn, IqvMw&mjû wejgv-wq IqvQ-QvjwR Iqvjeviv`| Iqv bvw°nx wgbvj LvZ¡-Bqv Kvgv bv°vqZvQ QvIevj Ave&Bqvhv wgbv` `vbvm| Iqv Avew`jû `v-ivb LvBivg wgb `v-winx, Iqv Avnjvb LvBivg wgb Avnwjnx Iqv SvIRvb LvBivg wgb SvIwRnx| Iqv Av`&wLjûj RvbœvZv, Iqv AvÔBh&û wgb ÔAvhv-wej K¡ewi Iqv ÔAvhv-web bv-i|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡K ¶gv K‡i w`b, Zvi Dci ing Ki“b, Zv‡K c~Y© wbivcËv `vb Ki“b, Zv‡K ¶gv Ki“b, gh©v`vi mv‡_ Zvi Avc¨vqb Ki“b, Zvi evm ’vb cÖk — K‡i w`b| Avcwb Zv‡K †aŠZ K‡i w`b cvwb, eid I wkwki w`‡q| Avcwb Zv‡K cvc nÕ‡Z Ggbfv‡e cwi®‹vi K‡i w`b †hgbfv‡e mv`v Kvco gqjv †_‡K cwi®‹vi Kiv nq| Zv‡K `ywbqvi N‡ii cwie‡Z© DËg Ni cª vb Ki“b| Zv‡K `ywbqvi cwiev‡ii †P‡q DËg cwievi `vb Ki“b| Zvi `ywbqvi ¿xi †P‡q DËg ¿x `vb Ki“b Ges Avcwb Zv‡K Rvbœv‡Z cÖ‡ek Kivb| Avi Zv‡K Ke‡ii Avhve Ges †`vh‡Li Avhve nÕ‡Z i¶v Ki“bÕ|14

(2) wØZxq `yÔAvt

� �T4(*�� a !%�< ��D�"��< ��D =�6�"�< ��D =�V��< ��6�x��S�< ��#�N��h�< ��OE=��< ��E=�G�* D�>.S� � �T4(*�� 9��.*� ��(�@ ��= $�8�� O =�= $�% +� �i � ��T4(*�� '��- ��.*� ��(�@ ��K�O�� O =&��K�� +��<

�2�# ;�� O.>�� i�< �2�D ��% �� D G��. 13. Avey`vE`, c„t 456; wgkKvZ nv/1674; Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/3199, mb` nvmvb| 14. Qnxn gymwjg nv/2232 (763), 1/311 c„t; wgkKvZ nv/1675, ÔRvbvhvÕ Aa¨vq|

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vM&wdi wjnvBwqbv Iqv gvBwqwZbv Iqv kv-wnw`bv Iqv M-wqwebv Iqv QMxwibv Iqv Kvexwibv Iqv hvKvwibv Iqv DsQv-bv| Avj−-û¤§v gvb AvnBqvBZvn~ wgbœv dvAvnwqnx ÔAvjvj Bmjv-g, Iqv gvs ZvIqvddvBZvn~ wgbœv dvZvIqvddvn~ ÔAvjvj Cgvb| Avj−-û¤§v jv Zvnwigbv AvR&ivn~ Iqvjv Zvd&wZbœv evÔ`vû|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì RxweZ I g„Z, Dcw ’Z-Abycw ’Z, †QvU-eo, bi-bvix mKj‡K ¶gv K‡i w`b| †n Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì gv‡S hv‡ì RxweZ ivL‡eb Zv‡ì‡K Bmjv‡gi Dci RxweZ ivLyb, Avi hv‡ì‡K g„Zz `vb K‡ib, Zv‡ì‡K Cgv‡bi mv‡_ g„Zz `vb Ki“b| †n Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì‡K Zvi †bKx nÕ‡Z ewÂZ Ki‡eb bv Ges Zvi g„Zz i ci Avgv‡ì‡K c_åó Ki‡eb bvÕ|14

Kei whqviZ cÖm½t Rvbv Avek¨K †h, Kei whqviZ GKwU Bev`Z| hv ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi †`Lv‡bv c×wZ †gvZv‡eK Av`vq Ki‡Z n‡e| wb‡Ri B”QvgZ Ki‡j †m Bev`Z MÖnY‡hvM¨ n‡e bv| WvKv nuvKv K‡i †jvKRb GKwÎZ K‡i, wbw`©ó w`‡b, wbw`©ó mg‡q Ges wbw`©ó †Kvb j‡¶¨ Kei whqviZ Kiv wbK…ó we`ÔAvZ| cÖPwjZ cÖ_v Abyhvqx RygÔAvi w`b, C‡ì w`b, fyqv Abyôvb k‡eeiv‡Zi w`b, ïay ivgvhvb gvm ev 27 ivgvhvb, g„Zz wèm, Rb¥ wèm BZ¨vw` w`‡b AvbyôvwbKfv‡e whqviZ Kiv mvgvwRK Kzms¯‹vi gvÎ| G‡Z gvB‡q‡Zi †Kvb jvf nq bv| ciKv‡ji c‡_ hviv hvÎv K‡i‡Q Zviv me© vB RxweZ‡ì wbKU Kj¨vY cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| ZvB me© v Zv‡ì Rb¨ gvM‡divZ Kvgbv Kiv Acwinvh©| iv‡Z-w`‡b †h †Kvb mgq Kei ’v‡b wM‡q wcZv-gvZv, fvB-†evb, †Q‡j-mš—vb, AvZ¥xq-¯Rb, cvov-cÖwZ‡ekx Ges mKj gymwjg bi-bvixi Rb¨ gvMwdivZ Kvgbv Ki‡e| GKvKx Kei whqviZ Ki‡Z hv‡e Ges nvZ Zz‡j `xN©¶Y a‡i `yÔAv Ki‡e| GUvB ivm~j (Qvt) KZ…©K Aby‡gvw`Z mybœvZ| WvKv-nuvKv K‡i mevB GKwÎZ n‡q Kei whqviZ Kivi †hgb cÖgvY †bB, †Zgwb `je×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi †Kvb cÖgvY †bB| hw` †Kvb AvbyôvwbKZv QvovB Zvr¶wYK K‡qKRb hvq Z‡e mvaviYfv‡e wbR wbR `yÔAv Ki‡e| bex Kixg (Qvt) iv‡Zi AÜKv‡i Kei ’v‡b wM‡q GKvKx `xN©¶Y a‡i nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| †hgb-

E#�$!% �i% !y�Z�x��@ B�*�� (�� .(!� (9< �=(@ s� �(� �s� �7 K�9�� +�@�< �E��@ !j!H �}�(�R � :�# ��@ ��T =�� (9< �=(@ s� �(� p��6��*� �'��" ��O&*�� O�( =�* B��" ��-�* B�*��

�¥�C��< �� =�( �� # ��@ ��-�T�;��K�� =�( ;� �u�(�]�< ��x��3�� u��K��h��D�� (�@ �2�� o D�~

14. Avey`vE`, c„t 456; Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/3201; wgkKvZ nv/1655, c„t 156, mb` Qnxn|

93 94


� ��;�O ��< �l#� ��<�� x��3�� M�]8�� [ #�� #�� .'% �+�m ��-�a �� &i� .��6.(�� (�� u�J�\ �� b�� F��6.*� ��O��< �l# ��<�� [ D��-�O ]��< ��9%�� @ ��3 �B.(�;�J�� l# ��<�� 8�� D

�u�� !H ��=�R.*� �7��~8�� R�� u =�R�6.*� Id�� O�$ �2�D�H% ��(�@ �B.R�(�\ �� !H :�� B ;��R��<�[��D� � ��H �� #�� .

Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg wK †Zvgv‡ì‡K Avgvi I ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi c¶ †_‡K msNwUZ NUbv eY©bv Kie bv? Zviv ejj, nu v| wZwb ej‡jb, GK`v iv‡Z ivm~j (Qvt) Avgvi wbK‡U wQ‡jb| wZwb iv‡Z †kvqvi mgq Zuvi Pvì ivL‡jb Ges RyZv Ly‡j `yÕcv‡qi wbK‡U ivL‡jb| AZtci wZwb Zvi Kvc‡oi GK cvk¦© weQvbvq wewQ‡q ï‡q co‡jb| Aí mgq G †Lqv‡j _vK‡jb †h, Avwg Nywg‡q c‡owQ| AZtci ax‡i Pvì wb‡jb I RyZv ci‡jb Ges ìRv Ly‡j †ewi‡q co‡jb Ges Av‡ — K‡i ìRv eÜ Ki‡jb| ZLb AvwgI Kvco c‡i Pvì ¸wQ‡q gv_vq w`‡q Zvi wcQ‡b Pjjvg| wZwb ÔevK¡xDj MviK¡v‡`Õ †cuŠQ‡jb Ges `xN© mgq ùvwo‡q _vK‡jb| AZtci wZbevi nvZ DwV‡q `yÔAv Ki‡jbÕ|15 Kei whqvi‡Zi `yÔAv mg~nt

WX �!j�� rs� Id��h .'�� < �+ =�-�( C�-.*��< �+ =�� ,�-.*� �+� ��E#*� � N�% !j =�(�@ ��C*��;.*� � !j�*�< ��* Is� !7�8 C� �' K!R�$��*�y =.

(1) D”PviYt Avm&mvjv-gy ÔAvjv Avn&wj` w`qv-wi wgbvj gyÕwgbxbv Iqvj gym&wjgxbv| Iqv Bbœv Bskv-Avj−-û weKzg jvjv-wnK‚b| bvm&Avjyj−-nv jvbv Iqv jvKzgyj ÔAv-wdqvn| A_©t Ô†n Keievmx gywgb I gymwjg! †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZ kvwš— ewl©Z †nŠK| AvgivI †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ wgwjZ ne BbkvAvj−vn| Avgiv Avj−vn&i wbKU Avgv‡ì Rb¨ Ges †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ wbivcËv cÖv_©bv KiwQÕ|16

eX �+ =��#.R�OC��-.*� rs� � �$ D��< �+ =�-�( C�-.*��< �+ =�� ,�-.*� �+� ��E#*� � N�% A�(�@ ��C*�� rs� Id��h .'�� < �+ ��D�].8�O C�-.*� �+��' K!R�$��* !j��.

(2) D”PviYt Avm&mvjv-gy ÔAvjv Avn&wj` w`qv-wi wgbvj gyÕwgbxbv Iqvj gym&wjgxbv| Iqv Bqvinvgyj−-ûj gy —vK¡w`gxbv Iqvj gymZvÕwLixbv| Iqv Bbœv Bskv-Avj−-û weKzg jvjv-wnK‚b|

15. Qnxn gymwjg, nv/2255, 1g LÊ, c„t 313| 16. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ, nv/1764, c„t 154|

A_©t ÔKeievmx gywgb I gymwjg‡ì cÖwZ kvwš— ewl©Z †nŠK! Aek¨B AvgivI †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ wgwjZ ne BbkvAvj−vn| Avgiv Avj−vn&i wbKU Avgv‡ì Rb¨ Ges †Zvgv‡ì Rb¨ wbivcËv cÖv_©bv KiwQÕ|17

eX �+ =�� ,� �� K�� 3 !j =�(�@ ��C*�� !�%�< .'�� < �' K!(��,p �l#�S �' <�#�@ K�� !"��' K!R�$��* !j�� rs� Id��h.

(3) D”PviYt Avm&mvjv-gy ÔAvjvBKzg `v-iv K¡Iwgb gyÕwgbxbv| Iqv AvZv-Kzg gv Z~ÔAv`~bv M`vg gyAv¾vj~bv| Iqv Bbœv Bskv-Avj−-û weKzg jvjv-wnK‚b| A_©t Ô†n gywgb m¤cÖ vq! †Zvgv‡ì Dci kvwš— ewl©Z †nŠK| †Zvgv‡ì AvMvgx Kv‡ji Rb¨ †h cÖwZkÖƒwZ †Ìqv n‡qwQj Zv †Zvgiv mË¡i †c‡q hv‡e| Aek¨B AvgivI †Zvgv‡ì mv‡_ wgwjZ ne BbkvAvj−vn|18 D‡j−L¨ †h, K¡ei whqvi‡Zi eûj cÖPwjZ wb‡gœv³ `yÔAvwU hCd|19

.*� � N�% �� !j =�(�@ ��C*��D�H�8.*�� + G��< ��!>�(�9 �O �% !j�*�< ��* rs� �D�> V�� K�6!R. (`yB) C‡ì Qvjv‡Zi ci `je×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi cÖgvY †Kv_vq? C‡ì Qvjv‡Zi Lyrev †kl K‡i Bgvg-gy³v`x wg‡j nvZ DwV‡q `yÔAv Kivi cÖPwjZ cÖ_vwU mybœvZ m¤§Z bq| ivm~j (Qvt), Qvnvev‡q †Kivg I Zv‡eC‡ì hy‡M G cÖ_vi Aw¯—Z¡ wQj bv| cieZ©x‡Z gvby‡liv GB we`ÔAvZ Pvjy K‡i‡Q| ivm~j (Qvt) Lyrevi ci cybivq C`Mv‡n em‡Zb bv| wZwb cyi“l‡ì wbKU e³e¨ †Ìqvi ci †ejvj (ivt)-Gi mv‡_ gwnjv‡ì w`‡K AMÖmi nÕ‡Zb Ges Zv‡ì bQxnZ Ki‡Zb| AZtci †mLvb †_‡K evwo P‡j †h‡Zb| †hgb ¯úófv‡e nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q-

��;� �7�� # =�;.*� (9< �=(@ s� �(� �s� �7 K�9�� u� �[ #�T�h�% ��6�@ �+ �� n�9 ±�< ��l��% D!".M�� *�< �}�\�] � !H �&(�)�� (9< �=(@ s� �(� �s� !7 K�9�� D�]

��% � !H �y�� *�� + ��K T�� +�T�O ��%�D�� y��#�)*�� +�N�D��%�< �+�N�D&"��< �+�T��@�K�� Id�CE�*��O =�� 1�� 7��< �K�N �u�>�� !H �7�� *�� + ;�� #�� +�T�� K!(�$�< �+�T��{.

Beby AveŸvm (ivt)-†K wR‡Ám Kiv nÕj, Avcwb wK ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ C‡ì Qvjv‡Z Dcw ’Z wQ‡jb? wZwb DË‡i ej‡jb, nu v| wZwb C`Mv‡n †ei nÕ‡Zb Ges QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡Zb, Zvici Lyrev w`‡Zb| wKš‘ Avhvb ev BK¡vgZ

17. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1767, c„t 154| 18. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1766, ÔKei whqviZÕ Aby‡”Q`| 19. hCd wZiwghx nv/1053; mb` hCd, wgkKvZ nv/1765|

95 96

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ w`‡Z ej‡Zb bv| AZtci wZwb gwnjv‡ì wbKU Avm‡Zb| wZwb Zv‡ì bQxnZ Ki‡Zb, Dc‡`k w`‡Zb Ges `vb Kivi wb‡`©k w`‡Zb| AZtci Avwg Zv‡ì‡K †`LZvg Zviv Zv‡ì Kv‡bi I Mjvi Mqbv Ly‡j wejv‡ji w`‡K wb‡¶c KiZ| Zvici wZwb Ges †ejvj (ivt) †m¸‡jv DwV‡q wb‡q Zuvi evwoi w`‡K Avm‡Zb|20

eySv †Mj ivm~j (Qvt) Lyrevi gv‡S †hgb em‡Zb bv †Zgwb Lyrevi c‡iI C`Mv‡n em‡Zb bv| wZwb Lyrevi gv‡SB mKj gywgb-gymwj‡gi Rb¨ `yÔAv Ki‡Zb, Lyrevi ci cÖPwjZ cš’vq gybvRvZ Ki‡Zb bv| †hgb Ab¨ nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,

E�!% +�@ �[��<��< �+ ��#� =�;.*� �� K�� =�G.*� ��D b� .'% �� D�!% B�*�� T ��@ rs� �� y�=�\�@ B��*�� +�N�4(�)� +�@ � �=�G.*� !7�t�O ;��< �T��K @�3�< �+ =�-�( C�-.*� �y�@��-�� ' #�T Z�=�� <�#�b.*�

# $�� s� �7 K�9�� %�D ��T��6.(�� +� ��T�O�6�$�� T C�6.(�O�* �7�� zF��6.(�� T�* �_ =�* ��. D¤§y AvwZ¡qvn (ivt) e‡jb, Avgv‡ì wb‡`©k †Ìqv n‡q‡Q Avgiv †hb FZyeZx I Kzgvix gwnjv‡ì‡K `yB C‡ì w`b C`Mv‡n wb‡q hvB| AZtci Zviv †hb gymwjg‡ì RvgvÔAv‡Z I `yÔAvq Dcw ’Z nq Ges FZzeZx †g‡qiv †hb Zv‡ì gyQj−v †_‡K `~‡i _v‡K| R‰bKv gwnjv ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avgv‡ì Kv‡iv hw` Pvì bv _v‡K? ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, Zvi cokx Zv‡K Pvì civ‡eÕ|21

D³ nv`x‡Q D‡j−wLZ `yÔAv ej‡Z Lyrevi gv‡S ZvKexi, Zvnjxj, Zvngx`, Zvmexn A_©vr ÔAvj−vû AvKeviÕ, Ôjv Bjv-nv Bj−vj−vnÕ, ÔAvj-nvg`y wjj−vnÕ, Ômyenv-bvj−vn BZ¨vw` whwKi Kiv D‡Ïk¨| †hgb ivm~j (Qvt) Ab¨ GK nv`x‡Q e‡j‡Qb, ��(�* �# -�G.*� �d��@�#*� ! �U.��%�< rs� &i�� *�� i �D."0M*� ! �U.�% Ôm‡e©vËg whwKi nÕj Ôjv Bj-nv Bj−vj−vnÕ Avi m‡e©vËg `yÔAv nj ÔAvj-nvg`ywjj−vnÕ|22 ZvB C‡ì w`‡bi ZvKexi wnmv‡e Qnxn m~‡Î wb‡gœi `yÔAv ewY©Z n‡q‡Q-

�# -�G.*� ��4(�*�< �D�6."% rs� �D�6."% rs�� rs� �&*�� *��* �D�6."% rs� �D�6."% rs��. D”PviYt Avj−-û AvKevi, Avj−-û AvKevi, jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Avj−-û AvKevi, Avj−-û AvKevi, Iqv wjj−v-wnj nvg&`|23

20. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, Qnxn eyLvix nv/977, 1/133-134 c„t; Qnxn gymwjg 1/189 c„t; wgkKvZ nv/1439, c„t 125; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1345, 3/210 c„t; bvmvC, wgkKvZ nv/1446, mb` Qnxn|

21. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, Qnxn eyLvix nv/981, 1/133 c„t; wgkKvZ nv/1431; e½vbyev` wgkKvZ nv/1347, 3/210 c„t|

22. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3383, mb` nvmvb; wgkKvZ nv/2306, c„t 201| 23. gyQvbœvd Be‡b Avex kvqevn, mb` Qnxn, BiIqv 3/125 c„t, nv/654-Gi Av‡jvPbv `ªt|

wØZxqZt Gi Øviv Lyrev I Lyrevi gv‡Si `yÔAv, Bw —Mdvi, ìƒ` D‡Ïk¨, hv Bgvg Qv‡ne mKj gymwjg D¤§vni Rb¨ Ki‡eb| Avi gy³v`xMY Bgv‡gi ZvKex‡ii mv‡_ ZvKexi co‡e Ges `yÔAvi mv‡_ Avgxb Avgxb ej‡e|24 †hgb Qnxn eyLvix, gymwjg, Avey vE` cÖf„wZ MÖ‡š’ H GKB ivex †_‡K G‡m‡Q,

�� *� ��.(�] �+!j�=��D T!~�< �� K�=.*� �L�*� �y�"�D�� ' K�� D��< �T�x��@�#�� ' K�@ #��< �N�D =�6.j�O�� ' DE6�j�=. ÔAZtci gwnjviv †jvK‡ì wcQ‡b _vK‡e| Zvici †jvK‡ì ZvKex‡ii mv‡_ ZvKexi w`‡e, Zv‡ì `yÔAvi mv‡_ `yÔAv Ki‡e Ges Zviv GB w`‡bi eiKZ I cweÎZvi cÖZ¨vkv Ki‡eÕ|25 D³ nv`xQ †_‡K cwi®‹vi eySv hv‡”Q †h, Lyrevi g‡a¨B `yÔ&Av Ki‡Z n‡e Ges ZvKexi co‡Z n‡e| Gi e¨vL¨vq wgkKv‡Zi fvl¨MÖš’ ÔwgiÔAvZzj gvdZxnÕ cÖ‡YZv e‡jb,

��* K�R�� &7�#�O 9��< �u =�-�J.*� p �;�� + =�-�( C�-.*� !��K @�3 : �(�@ �+ =�-�( C�-.*� !��K @�3 �y�=�@ <�D Z�� zD�� =��< �_ -�b.*� �[��K�(�)*� �D��3 ��@ #�� -�" �# =�;.*� ��(�� # ;�� d��@p#*� , ��* ��8�*

Id��@p#*� z#�$�% . !R �� *�< �+ ��# =�;.*� ��(�� Id��@�3 � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� ��(�� E��6��*� �+�@ B�6.a��# ;�� D =�S +� ��(�)*� �# ;�� }!\ b�� '��" ��% � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� @ �B��&a*� . �� N

&'% �D�N��&�*��< �+ =�-�( C��-.*� ��K @�3 ��* K�� Y��(.~�� LpC�-�O*� p��)��(�� D�]{ ��Z�� )�� O4*� ��".�²� ��T�� 3��D�-.*�w��@ ��K @�#*� �Ï.>�* &'�� )p�*��< �Ï�@�K.*� �[��-�(�"�< �y�6.\�b.*� �� .

Ôgymwjg‡ì `yÔAv ej‡Z mKj‡K kvwgj K‡i| D³ K_v Øviv C‡ì Qvjv‡Zi c‡i `yÔAv Kiv eySv‡bv nq, †hgbwU cuvP Iqv³ Qvjv‡Zi †k‡l Kiv nq| A_P Zv Î“wUc~Y©| KviY C`v‡q‡bi Qvjv‡Zi ci `yÔAv Kiv ivm~j (Qvt) †_‡K cÖgvwYZ bq| Avi †KD Zv eY©bvI K‡iwb| eis Zuvi †_‡K cÖgvwYZ Av‡Q †h, Qvjv‡Zi c‡i Lyrev Qvov Ab¨ †Kvb wØZxq KvR Ki‡Zb bv| myZivs Ô`vÔIqvZzj gymwjgxbÕ Øviv D³ A_© MÖnY Kiv wVK n‡e| eis Gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ nÕj- whwKi-AvhKvi-`yÔAv, e³e¨-bQxnZ| KviY `vIqvZ kãwU e¨vcKÕ|26

AZGe `jxj wenxb Avgj eR©b K‡i mybœvZx c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv Ki‡Z n‡e| Rvbv Avek¨K †h, C`vq‡bi Qvjv‡Z ivm~j (Qvt) hLb hv K‡i‡Qb Zv GKvwaK Qvnvex eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| myZivs wZwb hw` cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z `yÔAv Ki‡Zb ZvnÕ‡j †Kvb

24. dvZvIqv jvRbv Av`-`v‡qgvn 8/231-33 I 302c„t, drIqv bs 3189; kvqL gynv¤§v` web Qv‡jn Avj-DQvqgxb, dvZvIqv AviKvwbj Bmjvg (wiqvht `viƒQ QzivBqv, 1421wnt), c„t 392, bs 322|

25. Qnxn eyLvix nv/971, ÔC`v‡qbÕ Aa¨vq; Qnxn gymwjg nv/2055, 1/291 c„t| 26. kvqL Ievq`yj−vn gyeviKcyix, wgiÔAvZzj gvdvZxn ki‡n wgkKvZzj gvQvexn (†ebvimt RvwgÔAv

mvjvwdqv, 1974/1394), 5/31, Ô`yB C‡ì QvjvZÕ Aa¨vq|

97 98

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ GKRb Qvnvex nÕ‡jI Zv eY©bv Ki‡Zb| wKš‘ kixÔAv‡Z cÖPwjZ c×wZi †Kvb Aw —Z¡ cvIqv hvq bv| (3) weev‡ni ci cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Kiv mybœvZ we‡ivax KvRt weev‡ni Kvh©vw` †kl Kivi ci Bgvg ev LZ¡xe mKj‡K wb‡q `je×fv‡e †h gybvRvZ K‡i _v‡Kb, Zv kixÔAvZ m¤§Z bq| KziAvb-nv`x‡Q G c×wZi Aw —Z¡ cvIqv hvq bv| GwU kixÔAv‡Zi bv‡g bZzb cÖ_v ‰Zwi Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq| mybœvZx c×wZ nÕj, weevn m¤úv`‡bi ci Dcw ’Z mK‡j wb‡æi `yÔAvwU cvV K‡i ei I K‡b Df‡qi Rb¨ g½j Kvgbv Ki‡et

�D =�] �� -!j�� =�� u�-��< ��-!j =�(�@ �P��< �L�* rs� �P��. D”PviYt ev-ivKvj−v-û jvKv Iqv ev-ivKv AvjvqKzgv Iqv RvgvÔAv evqbvKzgv dx Lvqwib| A_©t ÔAvj−vn †Zvgv‡K eiKZ `vb Ki“b Ges †Zvgv‡ì Dfq‡K eiKZ w`b I Kj¨v‡Yi mv‡_ GKwÎZ ivLybÕ| Avey ûivqivn (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) weevwnZ e¨w³‡K †`‡L Awfb›`b Rvwb‡q D³ `yÔAv ej‡Zb|27 ejv evûj¨ †h, ivm~j (Qvt) cwVZ D³ `yÔAv bv c‡o `yÔAvi bv‡g Z_vKw_Z nvhv‡iv my‡ijv Q‡›ì †Kvb g~j¨ †bB| kixÔAvZ we‡ivax cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Pvjy _vKvi Kvi‡Y D³ mybœvZx `yÔAv AwaKvsk gvbylB Rv‡b bv| GgbwK †h Bgvg ev LZ¡xe nvZ Zz‡j `je× `yÔAv K‡ib ZviI nqZ Rvbv _v‡K bv| ZvB mybœvZx `yÔAv gyL ’ Kiv GKvš— KZ©e¨| (4) BdZv‡ii c~‡e© nvZ Zz‡j mw¤§wjZ `yÔAv Kivi wfwË †bBt BdZv‡ii c~‡e©I mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bv| G c×wZI gvby‡li ˆZwi Kiv| BdZv‡ii mgq `yÔAv Keyj nq g‡g© wbw`©ófv‡e Beby gvRvn I wgkKv‡Z †h nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q Zv hCd|28 Z‡e wQqvg cvjbKvixi `yÔAv Keyj Kiv nq g‡g© ewY©Z nv`xQ QnxQ|29 myZivs wQqvg Ae ’vq mviv¶Y `yÔAv Ki‡e GUvB nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ, ïay BdZv‡ii mgqB `yÔAv Ki‡Z n‡e GgbwU bq|

BdZv‡ii mgq cwVZe¨ yÔAvt rs� Id��h .'�� D ��8.*� �B�6�H�< �Y <�D�;.*� �B&(�O ��< rd��-&�*� �}�N��.

27. Avngv`, Avey`vE`, wZiwghx, mb` Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2445, Ôwewfbœ mg‡qi `yÔAvÕ Aby‡”Q`| 28. X 3D�� K@#* 2D\� #�@ x�)(* '� Ôwbðq BdZv‡ii mgq Qv‡qg `yÔAv Ki‡j †diZ †Ìqv nq bvÕ -hCd Beby gvRvn nv/1753;

wgkKvZ nv/2249, 195 c„t, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq; BiIqvDj Mvjxj nv/921, 4/41-45 c„t| 29. Qnxn Beby gvRvn nv/1432 (1752), 2/86 c„t ÔwQqvgÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-48|

D”PviYt hvnvevh hvgv-D IqveZvj−vwZwj ÔDiƒK, Iqv QvevZvj AvR&i“ Bskv-Avj−v-û| A_©t Ôwccvmv `~i nÕj, wkiv-Dcwkiv wm³ nÕj Ges †bKx wba©vwiZ nÕj BbkvAvj−vnÕ|30

D‡j−L¨ †h, †`‡k cÖPwjZ �� (�@�< �B -�� L�* � �T&(*��[ D�\.��% �L g‡g© nv`xQwU hCd|31 (5) m‡¤§jb, mgv‡ek, mfv-mwgwZ, LZ‡g eyLvix I wewfbœ Abyôvb †k‡l `je× `yÔAv: DcwiDw³ ’vbmg~‡n RvgvÔAvZe× fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bv| D³ †¶Î mg~‡n wb‡æi `yÔAv c‡o êVK †kl Ki‡Z n‡e GUvB ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mybœvZ|

�L =�*�� F K��%�< �P�D�> V�O 9% �B % �&*� ��*�� &* .'�% �#�T h�% �P�# -�G��< � �T&(*� �L��G 6�9. D”PviYt myenv-bvKv Avj−-û¤§v Iqv wenvgw`Kv Avknv`y Avj−v Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv Av —vMwdi“Kv Iqv AvZ‚ey BjvqKv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb gnv cweÎ| Avcbvi cÖksmvi mv‡_ Avwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, Avcwb e¨ZxZ cÖK…Z †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB| Avwg Avcbvi wbKU ¶gv cÖv_©bv KiwQ Ges Avcbvi w`‡KB wd‡i hvw”Q ev ZIev KiwQÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, ÔgRwjm †_‡K DVvi Av‡MB †h e¨w³ D³ `yÔAv co‡e, gRwjm PjvKvjxb msNwUZ Zvi mg — cvc gvd K‡i †Ìqv n‡eÕ|32 D‡j−L¨, nv`x‡Q `yÔAvwUi bvgB †Ìqv n‡&q‡Q ÔKvddvivZzj gvRwjmÕ A_©vr gRwj‡mi cv‡ci ¶gvKvixÕ|33 AZGe ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi D¤§Z wnmv‡e Zuvi mybœv‡Zi cÖwZ kª×v Rvwb‡q D³ `yÔAv c‡o gRwjm †kl Kiv Avek¨K| †mB mv‡_ mybœvZ we‡ivax c×wZ AwZ mZ¡i cwiZ¨vM Kiv GKvš— evÄbxq| fveevi welq nÔj, †hLv‡b êVK †kl Kivi wbw`©ó `yÔAv i‡q‡Q †mLv‡b `yÔAvi bZzb c×wZ wKfv‡e êa n‡Z cv‡i? D³ we`ÔAvZx cÖ_v Pvjy _vKvi Kvi‡Y mybœvZx `yyÔAvwU AwaKvsk †jvKB Rv‡b bv| DcwiD³ ’vb¸‡jv QvovI Z_vKw_Z Av‡Lix gybvRvZ, KziAvbLvbx, mybœvZ we‡ivax wewfbœ gRwjm †hgb gxjv`, wK¡qvg, k‡eeivZ, †`vKvb, evox, KviLvbv BZ¨vw` D‡Øvab Dcj‡¶ Av‡qvwRZ Abyôv‡bI D³ we`ÔAvZx cÖ_v Pvjy Av‡Q| G¸‡jvi mv‡_ Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Zi †Kvb `~iZg m¤úK© †bB|

30. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/2357, wgkKvZ, nv/1993, ÔwQqvgÕ Aa¨vq, mb` nvmvb| 31. hCd Avey`vE` nv/2358 ÔwQqvgÕ Aa¨vq| 32. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3433, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-39; Avey`vE`, Beby gvRvn, wgkKvZ, c„t

215, nv/2433 I 2450, mb` Qnxn| 33. Qnxn bvmvC nv/1344, ÔQvjvZÕ Aa¨vq, Ômvjv‡gi ci whwKiÕ Aby‡”Q`-87; wgkKvZ nv/2450,

mb` Qnxn|

99 100


lô Aa¨vq gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ wjwLZ K‡qKwU cy —‡Ki ch©v‡jvPbv

(1) `vIqv‡Z ivngvbx ev bvgv‡hi ci †gvbvRvZ -gvIjvbv Avngv`yj−vn ivngvbx bvwQivev`x (GwcÖj 1990, wÎkvj, gqgbwmsn, c„ôv msL¨vt 83)| D³ cy —‡K cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ cÖvq 7wU eY©bv †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q, hv Avgiv Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 15 bs nv`x‡Qi ch©v‡jvPbvq †ck K‡iwQ| Avi Bw — ‹vi nv`xQ †ck K‡i gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ e¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q gvÎ| GQvov `yÔAvq nvZ Zzjv, Avgxb, Avgxb ejv I `yÔAv msµvš— nv`xQ m¤ú‡K© †ekx Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q, †h¸‡jv dih Qvjv‡Zi c‡i `je× gybvRvZ Kivi mv‡_ mswk−ó bq| (2) `yAv mgm¨vi mgvavb ev iKgvix `yAvi weavb -bvwQi“Ïxb Avngv` Puv`cyix (cÖKvkKvjt †deª“qvix 1996, Zv‡bvi, ivRkvnx, c„ôv msL¨vt 124)| D³ †jLK I Zvi cy —K m¤ú‡K© gš—e¨ Kivi gZ fvlv Avgv‡ì Rvbv †bB| †jLK Zvi cy —‡K dih Qvjv‡Zi ci gybvRvZ Kivi c‡¶ AbwaK 7wU eY©bv D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| hv Avgiv 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9 bs ch©v‡jvPbv eY©bv K‡iwQ| hvi meB Rvj I hCd| Avi Aewkó †jLvq wZwb G msµvš— wewfbœ K_vi Reve w`‡Z wM‡q wek¦weL¨vZ mvjvdx gbxlx‡ì mxgvnxb Mvjg›` K‡i‡Qb| Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn, Bebyj K¡vBwqg, kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web Avãyj−vn web evh, kvqL Avjevbx (int) cÖgyL wek¦e‡iY¨ Bmjvgx e¨w³Z¡ mn †`kxq Av‡jg‡ì wZwb KUv¶ K‡i‡Qb Akvjxb fvlvq| (c„t 45, 55, 57, 68, 69) wZwb †hb m~‡h©i w`‡K Zxi wb‡¶c K‡i‡Qb Zvi we —…Z Av‡jvi cÖwZ Cl©vwšZ n‡q| A_P †jL‡Ki mv‡_ K_v e‡j Rvbv †M‡Q, wZwb wbR †Pv‡L bv †`‡LB wewfbœ wKZv‡ei †idv‡iÝ Zvi cy —‡K †ck K‡i‡Qb| Avgv‡ì wek¦vm wKZvecÎ ¯P‡¶ †`‡L wjL‡j wZwb Gai‡Yi fvlv eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| eBwU †KD co‡j Zvi g‡a¨ †Kej N„YvB Rb¥v‡e| Avgv‡ì Av‡¶c nÕj- AK_¨ fvlvq eBwU wj‡L gymwjg mgv‡Ri KZUzKz DcKvi n‡q‡Q? †h ’vb †_‡K gybvRvZ D‡V †M‡Q †mLv‡b wK cybivq Pvjy n‡q‡Q? GL‡bv †h ’vb †_‡K D‡V hv‡”Q †mLv‡b H eB‡qi †Kvb f~wgKv Av‡Q wK? cy —KwU KZUzKz cwiwPwZ jvf K‡i‡Q? (3) KziAvb I mnxn nv`x‡Qi Av‡jv‡K `yÕAv I gybvRvZ (cÖ_g LÊ) -gvIt gynvt Avãym †mvenvb (Zvwe, ivRkvnx, c„ôv msL¨vt 12)| D³ †jLK Zvi PwU cy —‡Ki bvg w`‡q‡Qb ÔKziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Qi Av‡jv‡K †`vÕAv I gybvRvZÕ| A_P gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ wZwb nv‡Z wj‡L †h 17wU eY©bv D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb, Zvi g‡a¨ 12wU eY©bvB Rvj, hCd, fyqv I wfwËnxb| †h¸‡jvi ZvnK¡xK¡ Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡q 1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 12, 13, 17, 21, 24 bs nv`x‡Qi ch©v‡jvPbvq †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKwU cÂg Aa¨v‡q D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ab¨

eY©bvwU Bw — ‹vi msµvš—| GQvov cuvPwU nv`xQ Qnxn nÕ‡jI gybvRv‡Zi mv‡_ †m¸‡jvi †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| wZwb g~j wKZve †Pv‡L bv †`‡LB nv`xQ¸‡jv D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| f~wgKvq wZwb Cw½Z w`‡q‡Qb †h, †Kvb GK evnv‡Q bvwK gybvRv‡Zi wec¶xq `j Zvi Kv‡Q civwRZ n‡q‡Q| gymwjg wgj−vZ‡K †drbv †_‡K euvPv‡bvi Rb¨ wZwb D³ PwU eB wj‡L‡Qb| myax cvVK! D³ cy —K m¤ú‡K© gš—e¨ Kiv wb¯cÖ‡qvRb| Z‡e GZUzKz ejv hvq †h, †jL‡Ki `vex¸‡jv meB m‡Zï wecixZ| Gi Øviv †drbv †e‡o‡Q bv K‡g‡Q Zv m‡PZb gymwjg RbZvB wePvi Ki‡e| Gi Øviv mvaviY gvby‡li weåvš— nIqv Qvov we›`ygvÎ DcKvi †bB| (4) RvgvAvZe× `yqv -Avãyj nvbœvb evmy‡ècyix (cÖKvkt Rvbyqvix 2000, †Mv`vMvox, ivRkvnx, c„ôv msL¨vt 32)| gvbbxq †jLK Zvi cy —‡K ÔRvgvAvZe× `yqvi cÖ_g `jxjÕ †_‡K Øv`k `jxj ev 12wU `jxj †ck K‡i‡Qb | Zvi g‡a¨ 8wU eY©bvi †KvbwU Rvj, †KvbwU hCd, †KvbwU wfwËnxb, Avevi †KvbwU †Kej BwZnvm| (`ªt 8, 9, 10, 12, 17, 22, 25 bs I BdZv‡ii mgq `yÔAv Keyj nq g‡g© GKwU) Avi evKx PviwUi g‡a¨ GKwU B — ‹v ev cvwb PvIqvi QvjvZ msµvš—, GKwU C‡ì Lyrevq gwnjv‡ì Dcw ’Z nIqv m¤ú‡K©, Av‡iKwU gyevnvjvi w`b ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi †Lvjv gv‡V Bû`x-Lªxóvb‡ì wei“‡× `yÔAv Kiv Ges Avjx, dv‡Zgv, nvmvb Ges ûmvBb (ivt)-Gi Avgxb Avgxb ejv welqK| Ab¨wU nj- g~mv (Avt)-Gi `yÔAv Kiv Avi nviƒY (Avt)-Gi Avgxb ejv msµvš—| hwÌ D³ 12 `jx‡ji †KvbwUB cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi mv‡_ mswk−ó bq| gvbbxq †jLK GQvovI Av‡iv K‡qKwU hCd nv`xQ D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| wØZxqZt g~j MÖš’ bv †`‡L A‡bï Dci wbf©ikxj n‡q `jxj¸‡jv †ck Kiv n‡q‡Q| g~j wKZve bv †`‡L Av‡jvwPZ GKwU welq gymwjg mgv‡R wjwLZfv‡e †ck Kiv eoB `ytLRbK| Z„ZxqZt †jLK hCd nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ Avgj Kivi c‡¶ cÖgvYnxb K_v Av‡jvPbv K‡i‡Qb Ges `yÔAvi nv`xQ¸‡jv hCd n‡jI Zvi Dci Avgj Kiv hv‡e e‡j `vex K‡i‡Qb| gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ †ckK…Z nv`xQ¸‡jv †h hCd D³ K_v Øviv Zv wZwb wb‡RB ¯xKvi K‡i‡Qb| hCd nv`xQ †h RbM‡Yi Kv‡Q MÖnYxq bq Zv wZwb g‡g© g‡g© Dcjwä K‡i‡Qb| PZz_©Zt Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqvn I Bebyj K¡vBwqg (int) `yBRb RMwØL¨vZ weØvb‡K euvKv `„wó‡Z †`Lv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡ì gybvRvZ we‡ivax e³‡eï Ace¨vL¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q| mvaviY gvbyl‡K Gi c‡¶ a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ cy —‡Ki †k‡li w`‡K A‡bK Zjvnxb hyw³ I ev‡bvqvU †KŠkj eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q| hvi mv‡_ kixÔAv‡Zi `~iZg †Kvb m¤úK© †bB| hviv gybvRv‡Zi wec‡¶ K_v e‡jb cy —‡Ki f~wgKvq Zv‡ì‡K Ô†nvgiv †PvgivÕ e‡j Mvjg›` Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Avn‡jnv`xQ wnmv‡e ì` cÖKvk Ki‡Z wM‡q †jLv n‡q‡Q, ÔÔAvn‡j nv`xm bv‡gi `vwe`vi nIqv m‡Ë¡I Zuviv AvR Avn‡j nv`x‡mi êwkó‡K m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c

101 102

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ RjvÄwj w`‡q KziAvb I nv`x‡mi cÖwZ `„KcvZ bv K‡i Ac‡ii ZvK¡jx‡` (AÜvbyKi‡Y) †g‡Z D‡V‡Qb| Rvwb bv| Giƒc †g‡Z DVvi wcQ‡b KviY wK? wK‡mi wewbg‡q? Zuviv GLb Avn‡j nv`xmB Av‡Qb wK bv, Zv m‡›`n| nq‡Zv ev Zuviv wfZi wfZi Ab¨ wKQzI n‡q _vK‡Z cv‡ib|ÕÕ Avgiv G e¨vcv‡i †Kvb gš—e¨ Ki‡Z PvB bv| Z‡e Zvi gZ GKRb cÖexY Av‡jg Gai‡bi gš—e¨ Ki‡eb e‡j Avgv‡ì Av‡`Š wek¦vm wQj bv| G Rb¨ Avgiv Avš—wiKfv‡e `ytwLZ| Avgiv †Kej cvVK‡ì we‡ePbvi Rb¨ welqwU †ck Kijvg| (5) dih bvgv‡hi ci nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv -kvqL Ave`yj gvbœvb web †n`v‡qZzj−vn (cÖKvkKvjt wW‡m¤i Õ91, †kicyi, e¸ov, c„ôv msL¨vt 142)| gvbbxq †jLK gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ KziAv‡bi AvqvZ Øviv `jxj †ck K‡i‡Qb| wk‡ivbvg D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb- ÔcweÎ KziAv‡bi GKvwaK AvqvZ †_‡KB bvgv‡h `je×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivi cÖgvYÕ| wZwb m~iv evK¡vivn 186 I gywg‡bi 60 Ges m~iv bvkivn-Gi †kl `yÕwU AvqvZ `jxj wnmv‡e †ck K‡i‡Qb| wØZxqZt Qnxn eyLvix‡Z ewY©Z Bw — ‹vi (cvwb PvIqv) nv`xQ Øviv cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Rv‡qh Kivi AvcÖvY †Póv K‡i‡Qb| Z…ZxqZt cÖPwjZ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ Rvj, hCd I wfwËnxb nv`xQ¸‡jv †ck K‡i‡Qb| Avgv‡ì Av‡jvwPZ 1, 2, 5, 12, 22, 24 bs nv`xQ `ªt| GQvov hCd nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ Avgj Kiv hvq g‡g© A‡bK c„ôv e¨q Kiv n‡q‡Q| we‡kl K‡i `yÔAv Kiv msµvš— nv`xQ¸‡jv wb‡q †ekx Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Ae‡k‡l gybvRv‡Zi wb‡l‡ai `jxj Zje Kiv n‡q‡Q| myax cvVK! D³ eB‡qi g‡aÏ gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ bZzb †Kvb Av‡jvPbv †bB| cweÎ KziAv‡b Avj−vni wbKU `yÔAv Kiv m¤ú‡K© eû AvqvZ G‡m‡Q| wKš‘ dih Qvjv‡Zi ci cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z gybvRvZ Kivi `jxj †h †bB Zv mevB Rv‡b| Bw — ‹v ev e„wó cÖv_©bvi nv`xQ Øviv cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ cÖgvY Kiv †Zv kixÔAv‡Zi bxwZ we‡ivax| Bw — ‹vi QvjvZ ivm~j (Qvt) cÖwZw`b c‡obwb, cÖwZ eQiI c‡obwb| †Kvb GK mgq wZwb c‡owQ‡jb| Zv-B hw` Gi c‡¶ GZ nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q _v‡K Zvn‡j dih Qvjv‡Zi ci cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ Kivi c‡¶ GKwU nv`xQI cvIqv hvq bv †Kb? A_P ivm~j (Qvt) cÖwZw`b cuvP Iqv³ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb| ZvB Bw — ‹vi nv`x‡Qi Ace¨vL¨v K‡i gybvRvZ cÖgvY Kivi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| ZvQvov hCd nv`xQ †h `jxj †hvM¨ bq Zv †jLK Rv‡bb| †m Rb¨B hCd nv`x‡Qi c‡¶ Kjg a‡i‡Qb| AZtci hLb †Kvbfv‡eB cÖPwjZ we`ÔAvZ‡K Rv‡qh Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb ZLb wZwb wb‡l‡ai `jxj †LuvRvq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡i‡Qb| hv my›ì †PZbv‡K wbnZ K‡i‡Q| (6) mwVK c_ -Avey bQi gynv¤§` BqvnBqv (cÖKvkt gvP© Õ95, e¸ov, c„ôv msL¨vt 32)| cÖPwjZ we`ÔAvZx gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ hZ hCd, Rvj I fyqv eY©bv mgv‡R Pvjy Av‡Q †jLK meB D³ cy —‡K D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| hv Avgiv Z…Zxq Aa¨vq

avivevwnKfv‡e D‡j−L K‡iwQ| K‡qKwU Qnxn nv`xQ bv _vK‡j G‡K hCd I Rvj nv`x‡Qi Szwo ejv †hZ| Gi Øviv gymwjg mgvR ïay cÖZvwiZB n‡e| Avgiv cvVK‡ì mgx‡c D‡j−L‡hvM¨ K‡qKwU cy —‡Ki ch©v‡jvPbv †ck Kijvg| GQvovI wKQz PwU eB evRv‡i Pvjy Av‡Q †m¸‡jv‡ZI H GKB e³e¨ i‡q‡Q| bZzb wKQy †bB| myZivs gybvRv‡Zi c‡¶ wjwLZ eB‡q weåvš— nIqvi cÖkœB Av‡m bv|

KwZcq cÖkœ I Zvi DËit cÖkœt (K) c~‡e©i Av‡jgMY wK fyj K‡i †M‡Qb? ZvivI †Zv eo eo Av‡jg wQ‡jb, Zviv wK Kg Rvb‡Zb? evc-`v`viv hv K‡i †M‡Qb AvgivI ZvB Kie| Zviv Rvnvbœv‡g †M‡j AvgivI hve (bvEhywej−vn)| DËit G ai‡Yi cÖkœKvix‡ì wbK‡U Avgiv webxZfv‡e Avih Ki‡Z PvB †h, c~‡e©i Av‡jgMY wK e‡j †M‡Qb †h, Avgiv hv K‡i †Mjvg Zv meB mwVK K‡iwQ, GKwUI fyj Kwiwb? Avgiv hv K‡i †Mjvg fyj n‡jI †Zvgiv Zv-B Ki‡e?| G ai‡Yi K_v †Kvb Av‡jgB e‡j hvbwb| KviY †Kvb gvbylB fy‡ji D‡×© bq|1 gvbyl wnmv‡e fyj nIqv ¯vfvweK| ¯qs ivm~j (Qvt)-GiI fyj n‡q‡Q Ges ms‡kvab K‡i wb‡q‡Qb|2 AveyeKi (ivt)-GiI fyj n‡q‡Q| Igi (ivt)-Gi Rxe‡b wZwb 15wU fyj K‡i‡Qb Ges Rvbvi c‡i Zv ïawi‡q wb‡q‡Qb|3 IQgvb, Avjx (ivt) mn Ab¨vb¨ Qvnvex‡ì fyj n‡q‡Q| cÖwm× Pvi Bgvg Ges wek¦weL¨vZ gynvwÏQ, gyRvwÏ`, gyRZvwn`M‡YiI fyj n‡q‡Q| hvi fywi fywi cÖgvY i‡q‡Q|4 ZvB e‡j Zviv Kg Rvb‡Zb bv| Zv‡ì hw` fyj nq Zvn'†j Avgv‡ì †`‡ki Av‡Mi Av‡jgM‡YiI fyj n‡q‡Q| ZvB Av‡jg‡ì fyj nq bv G aviYv wVK bq| wØZxqZt A‡bK wel‡qi cÖwZ nqZ Zv‡ì `„wó c‡owb| †hgb †Kvb nv`xQ hCd wKš—y †mLv‡b Zv‡ì `„wó bv covi Kvi‡Y Hfv‡eB †_‡K †M‡Q| c‡i Zv hCd cÖgvwYZ n‡q‡Q| Z…ZxqZt †Kvb welq fyj cªgvwYZ n‡j Zv ms‡kvab K‡i wb‡q mwVK welq‡K AuvK‡o ai‡Z n‡e GUv Bmjv‡gi wPiš—b bxwZ| GB bxwZ ¯qs ivm~j (Qvt) I Zuvi D¤§‡Zi †miv Pvi e¨w³iB wkLv‡bv| myZivs hviv wb‡R‡ì RxeÏkvq fyj eyS‡Z †c‡i mv‡_ mv‡_ gyn~‡Z©i g‡a¨ ms‡kvab K‡i wb‡q‡Qb, Zv‡ì g„Zz i ci Zv‡ì fyj cÖgvwYZ nÕ‡j †Kb ms‡kvab Kiv hv‡e bv? PZz_©Zt evc-`v`v K‡i‡Qb ZvB K‡i hve GUv gymwjg‡ì bxwZ bq| GUv Bû`x-Lªxóvb I weag©x‡ì bxwZ| KviY gymwjg e¨w³ fyj ms‡kvab K‡i †bq| Avi weag©xiv evc-`v`vi fyj I wg_¨v bxwZi Dci AUj _v‡K| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb, ÔhLb

1. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/2499, mb` nvmvb| 2. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/1017| 3. Bebyj K¡vBwqg, BÔjvgyj gyqvK‡KCb (êi“Z Qvcvt 2q LÊ, c„t 270-272| 4. cÖ‡dmi W. gynv¤§v` Avmv`yj−vn Avj-Mvwje, Avn‡jnv`xQ Av‡›`vjbt DrcwË I µgweKvk `w¶Y

Gwkqvi †cÖw¶Z mn (ivRkvnxt nv`xQ dvD‡Ûkb evsjv‡`k, †deª“qvix 1996), c„t 133-150|

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kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Zv‡ì‡K ejv nq †Zvgiv ZviB AbymiY Ki hv Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv bvwhj K‡i‡Qb| ZLb Zviv e‡j bv Avgiv ZviB AbymiY Kie hvi Dci Avgv‡ì c~e©cyi“l‡ì †c‡qwQ| hwÌ Zviv wKQy RvbZ bv Ges †n`vqvZ cÖvßI wQj bvÕ (evK¡vivn 170)| myZivs gymwjg e¨w³i Av`k© nÕj, me© v cweÎ KziAvb I Qnxn nv`xQ‡K MÖnY K‡i mwVK welq‡K cÖvavb¨ †Ìqv| PvB evc-`v`v Ki“K ev bv Ki“K wKsev fyj Ki“K| GiciI †KD hw` c~e©cyi“l‡ì fyj bxwZ‡K AuvK‡o a‡i _vK‡Z Pvq Zvn‡j Zv‡K ej‡Z n‡e, c~e© cyi“l‡ì hy‡M †Zv A‡bK wKQyB wQj bv| ZvB eZ©gv‡b hv wKQy bZzb Avwe¯‹vi n‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv †m †hb eR©b K‡i|

cÂgZt Zv‡ì Awb”QvK…Z fy‡ji †Kvb ˆKwdqZ †bB| eis Zv‡ì †Póvi ci fyj n‡q †M‡j Zviv GKwU †bKx cv‡eb|5 wKš‘ fyj cÖgvwYZ nIqvi ci †mB fy‡ji Dci hviv Avgj Ki‡e ZvivB ¶wZMÖ — n‡e| lôZt Avgv‡ì cÖkœ nÕj, c~‡e©i Av‡jg ev eo eo Av‡jg ej‡Z Kv‡ì‡K eySv‡bv nq? cÖPwjZ `yÔAv‡K cÖvq 800 eQi Av‡MB we`ÔAvZ ejv n‡q‡Q| Avi hviv we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb Zviv nÕ‡jb wek¦‡kªô gbxlx, hv‡ì gZ Ávbx cwÊZ c„w_ex‡Z Avi Av‡mbwb| GgbwK mKj Av‡jg‡K GKwÎZ Ki‡jI Zv‡ì GKR‡bi mgvbI n‡eb bv| †hgb Bgvg Beby Zvqwgqv, Bebyj K¡vBwqg, Bgvg kv‡Z¡ex cÖgyL weØvb| ZvnÕ‡j Av‡Mi Av‡jg ej‡Z ev eo eo Av‡jg ej‡Z Kv‡ì‡K eySv‡bv nq?

(L) cÖkœt eZ©gv‡bI †Zv eo eo Av‡jg gybvRvZ Ki‡Qb| ZvivI wK fyj Ki‡Qb? Zv‡ì †P‡q wK Avcbviv †ewk Rv‡bb? AvcbvivB ïay mwVK K_v e‡jb Avi Zviv fyj e‡jb! DËit eZ©gv‡b hv‡ì‡K eo Av‡jg ejv n‡”Q c„w_ex‡Z Zv‡ì †P‡q wK Avi †Kvb eo Av‡jg †bB? gybvRvZcš’x LZ¡xe, Bgvg, e³v, wUwf, †iwWIi fvl¨KviMYB wK ïay eo Av‡jg? eZ©gv‡bI †h mg — wek¦e‡iY¨ Av‡jg gybvRvZ‡K wbK…ó we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb, Zv‡ì GKR‡bi mv‡_I gybvRvZcš’x j¶ Av‡j‡gi Zzjbv Kiv wVK n‡e bv| †hgb gymwjg we‡k¦i Avš—R©vwZK dvZvIqv †evW©i m`më„›`, mE`x Avi‡ei m‡ev©”P Djvgv cwil`, mE`x Avi‡ei mv‡eK MÖvÛ gydZx kvqL Avãyj Avhxh web evh, kvqL Avjevbx, kvqL DQvqgxb (int) cÖgyL| G‡`‡ki mš—vb RgCq‡Z Avn‡j nv`x‡mi cÖavb gydZx I mv‡eK †K›`ªxq mn-mfvcwZ gvIjvbv AvjxgyÏxb 1971 mv‡j ÔwKZvey `yÔAvÕ wj‡L Zv‡Z we`ÔAvZ e‡j‡Qb| wØZxqZt me Av‡jgB Av‡cvmnxb bb| A‡bK Av‡jg mwVK welqwU ey‡S Zvr¶wYK ms‡kvab nb| Avevi A‡b‡K e¨w³¯v_© Ges eëmv wU‡K ivLvi Rb¨ mwVK †R‡bI †Muvovgx K‡ib, A‡b‡K mwVK welqwU eySvi †Póv K‡ib bv| GQvovI mgv‡Ri AwaKvsk Av‡jg, Bgvg, LZ¡xe, e³vi Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© mwVK I ¯”Q aviYv †bB, Zv‡ì Kv‡Q ch©vß wKZvecÎI †bB | myZivs fyj nIqv ¯vfvweK| Z…ZxqZt Avgiv g‡b Kwi meviB DwPZ hvPvB K‡i K_v

ejv| Avgiv mwVKwU ejvi h_vmva¨ †Póv Kwi| Z‡e Avgv‡ìI fyj nIqv A¯vfvweK bq| ZvB ms‡kva‡bi RbÏ Avgiv m`v-me© v cÖ ‘Z|

(M) cÖkœt gybvRvZ we`ÔAvZ n‡e †Kb? we`ÔAvZ Avevi wK? kixÔAv‡Z †bB †Zv fvj KvR Ki‡j Amyweav wK? fvj KvR Ki‡j ¶wZ n‡e †Kb? gybvRvZ Kiv wK cv‡ci KvR? DËit Avgiv eje, gybvRvZ †Kb we`ÔAvvZ n‡e bv? gymwjg e¨w³ wnmv‡e we`ÔAvZ ev Kyms®‹vi m¤ú‡K© Zviv Rv‡b bv †Kb? †KvbwU fvj KvR Avi †KvbwU Lvivc KvR †mUv evQvB Kivi `vwqZ¡ wK Zv‡ì bv Avj−vn I Avj−vni ivm~‡ji? cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ fvj KvR GUv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q, bv Avj−vni Kv‡Q? kixÔAv‡Zi †Pv‡L hv fvj bq, Zv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q hZB fvj †nvK Zv KL‡bv fvj bq| eis G ai‡bi KvR Kiv Mwn©Z Ab¨vq| we`ÔAvZ m¤ú‡K© Ávb bv _vKvi Kvi‡YB DcwiD³ cÖkœ¸‡jv mvaviY †jvK‡ì gy‡L ïbv hvq| GgbwK AwaKvsk Av‡jgB Gi mwVK msÁv Rv‡b bv| A_P ivm~j (Qvt) Zuvi RxeÏkvq hZevi Lyrev w`‡q‡Qb ZZeviB we`ÔAvZ m¤ú‡K© gvbyl mZK© K‡i‡Qb| eZ©gvb Av‡jg I LZ¡xeivI cÖwZwbqZ H Lyrev c‡ob wKš‘ Zvi †_‡K wk¶v †bb bv| we`ÔAvZ nÕj †bKxi Avkvq kixÔAvZ g‡b K‡i †Kvb Avgj Kiv, kixÔAv‡Z hvi †Kvb Qnxn wfwË cvIqv hvq bv|6 Avi kixÔAv‡Z †h Avg‡ji Aw —Z¡ †bB †mB Avgj Ki‡j H Avg‡ji Kvi‡Y †m Rvnvbœv‡g hv‡e (m~iv dziK¡vb 23, Mvwkqvn 3, Kvnd 103-6)| ZvB GKwU Avgj Ki‡jI Zvi cÖgvY _vK‡Z n‡e| cÖgvYnxb Avgj mËi cwiZ¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e|7 (N) cÖkœt gybvRvZ wb‡la GB `jxj †Kv_vq? hw` †KD wb‡l‡ai `jxj w`‡Z cv‡i ZvÕn‡j GZ jvL UvKv †è| DËit gybvRvZ wb‡la GB K_v ejv nq bv, eis we`ÔAvZ ejv nq| wb‡la _vK‡j mivmwi wb‡laB ejv nÕZ, we`ÔAvZ ejv nZ bv| gybvRv‡Zi Aw —Z¡ †h‡nZz Bmjvgx kixÔAv‡Z †bB ZvB Zv‡K we`ÔAvZ ejv nq| GB †mvRv welq †R‡b-ey‡S †Muvovgx Kiv Bû`x bxwZ| Avj−vni weav‡bi mv‡_ Giƒc bxwZ Aej¤^b Kiv nvivg| Avi bv eyS‡j cÖ‡qvR‡b A‡bï mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q eySvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb gxjv`, wK¡qvg, k‡eeivZ, C‡` gxjv`ybœex mn cÖPwjZ Av‡iv A‡bK welq Ki‡Z wb‡la Kiv nq, wKš‘ kixÔAv‡Z G¸‡jvi wK wb‡l‡ai `jxj Av‡Q? hviv gybvRvZ wb‡l‡ai `jxj Pvq Zv‡ì‡K hw` wK¡qvgZ ch©š— mgq †Ìqv nq KziAvb-nv`x‡Q G¸‡jvi wb‡l‡ai `jxj †LuvRvi Rb¨ ZvnÕ‡j Zviv wK cv‡eb? †Kvb Avgj a‡g©i bv‡g bZzbfv‡e Pvjy nIqvi Kvi‡Y Zv‡K we`ÔAvZ ejv nq| GUv eyS‡Z Kv‡iv evKx _vKvi K_v bq| KwZcq g~L© Av‡jg I Awkw¶Z cwÊZiv gybvRv‡Zi wb‡l‡ai `jxj Pvq Ges mvaviY gvbyl‡K

5. eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/3732| 6. Avj−vgv Bgvg kv‡Z¡ex, wKZveyj BÔwZQvg (êi“Zt Qvcvt), 1/37| 7. Qnxn gymwjg nv/4468, 2/77|

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kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ wb‡l‡ai `jxj PvIqvi Rb¨ DØy× K‡i| Gfv‡eB kixÔAv‡Zi mv‡_ cÖZviYv Kiv nq| Avj−vn †n`vqvZ `vb Ki“b- Avgxb!! wØZxqZt kvixÔAv‡Zi bv‡g nvhv‡iv bZzb weavb ˆZix K‡i hw` ejv nq G¸‡jv †h wb‡la Zvi `jxj †Kv_vq? ZvnÕ‡j †`Lv‡bv hv‡e wK? Avi Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨‡KB hw` nvhv‡iv Avgj ˆZix Ki‡Z _v‡K ZvnÕ‡j kixÔAvZ e‡j Avi wKQy _vK‡e wK? Abyiƒc A‡bK AÁ †jvK e‡j, gybvRvZ †bB †Zv †`Lvb| GUvI mxgvnxb g~L©Zv, ee©iZv| GB K_vi ØvivB cÖgvwYZ nq †h, cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ fyqv| KviY †h K_v KziAvb I Qnxn nv`x‡Q †bB †mUv wKfv‡e †`Lv‡bv hv‡e? (O) cÖkœt Qnxn-hCd Avevi wK? fvj KvR †Q‡o wè †Kb? nv`x‡Q _vK‡jB †Zv Avgj Kiv hv‡e| DËit Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi NvUwZ KZUzKz Zv D³ K_v Øviv Dcjwä Kiv hvq| Bmjvg I gymwjg D¤§vn‡K wbwðý Kivi Rb¨ Ges Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv, ivm~j (Qvt) I Qvnvex‡ì gh©v`v ¶zYœ Kivi D‡Ï‡k Bû`x-Lªxóvb Pµ j¶ j¶ nv`xQ Rvj K‡i‡Q| †Kej Zv‡ì †`vmi kxÔAvivB 3 j¶ nv`xQ Rvj K‡i‡Q| Zvn'†j weag©x‡ì iPbv Kiv H nv`xQ¸‡jvI wK ivm~‡ji nv`xQ? †m¸‡jvI wK Avgj Ki‡Z n‡e? G Rb¨B ivm~j (Qvt) Rvj I hCd nv`x‡Qi wei“‡× fwel¨ØvYx K‡i‡Qb| Qvnvex, Zv‡eC I gynvwÏQ Ijvgv‡q †Kivg hy‡Mi ci hyM Rvj I hCd nv`x‡Qi wei“‡× Av‡cvmnxb msMÖvg K‡i Avm‡Qb Ges nvhv‡iv MÖš’ iPbv K‡i‡Qb (G wel‡q Av‡jvPbv `ªt ÔRvj I hCd nv`xQ eR©‡b K‡Vvi g~jbxwZ Ges Zvi ev¯—eZvÕ kxl©K wbeÜ, gvwmK AvZ-ZvnixK A‡±vei, b‡f¤î, wW‡m¤î Õ07 Ges Rvbyqvix, †deª“qvix 08)| ZvB nv`xQ Rvj-hCd nq bv Ggb aviYv ivLv gvivZ¥K Ab¨vq| eis me© v Rvj-hCd nv`x‡Qi fvj Avgj eR©b K‡i †Kej Qnxn nv`x‡Qi cÖwZ Avgj Ki‡Z n‡e| (P) cÖkœt Avgiv †Zv †Zgb `yÔAv-Kvjvg Rvwb bv| ZvB ûh~‡ii mv‡_ Avgxb Avgxb Kwi | GUv wb‡la K‡ib †Kb? DËit QvjvZ nÕj me©‡kªô Bev`Z| gymwjg wnmv‡e †mB Bev`‡Zi `yÔAv¸‡jvI hw` Rvbv bv _v‡K ZvnÕ‡j wKfv‡e Avj−vni ev›`v wnmv‡e cwiPq w`‡e? Av‡jg bv n‡jI cÖ‡Z¨K gymwjg e¨w³i Dci dih KZ©e¨ nj, mvaviY Bev`Z¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e cvjb Kivi Rb¨ Bmjvgx wk¶v AR©b Kiv| Avmj K_v nÕj, Qvjv‡Zi ïi“ †_‡K †kl ch©š— cwVZe¨ `yÔAv¸‡jv A_©mn Rvbv _vK‡j Ges wmR`vq I Zvkvnû‡` e‡m g‡bi B”Qvbyhvqx `yÔAv Ki‡Z cvi‡j D³ †¶vf _vKZ bv| wKš‘ KqRb e¨w³ †mB `yÔAv¸‡jv Rv‡b? ev Rvbvi †Póv K‡i? A_P kixÔAv‡Zi wb‡`©k nÕj, cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³ wb‡Ri PvIqv-cvIqv Abyhvqx Avj−vn&i wbK‡U `yÔAv Ki‡e| wb‡R Kx cvc K‡iQ Zv Bgvg Rv‡bb bv| myZivs `yÔAv Kivi e¨vcv‡i wb‡R‡KB mRvM n‡Z n‡e| Avi Qvjv‡Zi evB‡i nÕ‡j wb‡Ri fvlv‡ZI †h †Kvb mgq Avj−vni Kv‡Q †ekx †ekx PvB‡e|

D‡j−L¨ †h, D³ cÖkœ¸‡jv QvovI Av‡iv A‡bK K_vB mgv‡R cÖPwjZ Av‡Q| `yÔAvi GKePb, eûePb, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi I Avgv‡ì hyM GK bq BZ¨vw`| G¸‡jv meB m‡PZbZvi Afve|

`„wó AvKl©Yt gymwjg mgv‡R Av‡iv A‡bK ¸i“Zi Aciva Pvjy _vK‡jI mvgvb¨ gybvRv‡Zi Kvi‡Y †m¸‡jvi wei“‡× K_v ejv hvq bv | ej‡jI †Kvb ¸i“Z¡I cvq bv| A_P mgv‡Ri me©Î AmsL¨ wkiK-we`ÔAvZ Qwo‡q Av‡Q, hv gvby‡li AvK¡x`v-Avgj bó Ki‡Q| G‡¶‡Î mgv‡Ri KwZcq e¨w³ D‡`¨vM wb‡j GB mgm¨v mn‡RB `~i n‡q hvq| ZvB K‡qK †kªYxi e¨w³i cÖwZ Avgv‡ì D`vË AvnŸvbt (K) hviv wbqwgZ cuvP Iqv³ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡ib mvaviYZt Zv‡ì g‡a¨ gybvRv‡Zi Rb¨ AÜ †Muvovgx j¶¨ Kiv hvq bv| wKš‘ hviv wbqwgZ QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i bv, †Kej RygÔAvi w`b ev `yB C‡ì gyQj−x Ges my‡hv‡M †bZvi fve †`Lvq ZvivB g~jZ gybvRv‡Zi †ejvq cv°v gyQj−x †m‡R e‡m| gyybvRvZ bv Ki‡j Zv‡ì kix‡i †hb `vD `vD K‡i Av¸b R¡‡j| hviv gybvRvZ K‡i bv Zv‡ì‡K Zviv wPwe‡q †L‡Z Pvq| Zviv e‡j, Gfv‡e GKw`b QvjvZI Zz‡j w`‡e| gybvRvZ K‡i bv Ggb †KD †hb BgvgwZ bv Ki‡Z cv‡i, gmwR‡` bv Avm‡Z cv‡i, †mRb¨ Zviv LyeB mRvM| `v¾vj, Bû`x-L„óvb‡ì `vjvj BZ¨vw` e‡j Zviv Anin Mvwj †`q | fveLvbv Ggb †hb Zv‡ì gZ eo Øxb`vi Avi †KD †bB| A_P Qvjv‡Zi ïi“ †_‡K mvjvg wdiv‡bv ch©š— gybvRv‡Zi †h mg — `yÔAv co‡Z nq †m¸‡jv nqZ A_© mn Zv‡ì Rvbv †bB| ivm~j (Qvt) Qvjv‡Zi ci †h mg — whwKi K‡i‡Qb †m¸‡jvI nqZ A_©mn gyL ’ †bB| ejv hvq Zviv wbqwgZ QvjvZB c‡o bv| ïay ZvB bq, mybœvZx `vwo ivLvi K_v Qnxn nv`x‡Q _vK‡jI †mB mybœvZ‡K Zviv cÖwZwbqZ nZ¨v K‡i| UvLbyi bx‡P Kvco civ nvivg I Rvnvbœv‡gi KviY n‡jI Zviv c‡i| m~ -Nyl, Ryqv-jUvwi, wewo-wmMv‡iU, Avjv-R`©v-Myj cÖKvk¨ nvivg nÕ‡jI Zviv †m¸‡jvi mv‡_ RwoZ| Mvb-evRbv, wUwf, wmwW, †ec`©v, †envqvcbv cÖf„wZ Rv‡njx Kg©KvÊ cwiev‡i Pvjy †i‡L‡Q †m¸‡jv wb‡q Zv‡ì †Kvb gv_v e¨_v †bB| A_P cÖPwjZ wfwËnxb I fyqv gybvRvZ wb‡q Zviv cvMj| Zv‡ì `vc‡U mvaviY gvbyl hw` GB we`ÔAvZx cÖ_vi Dc‡i Avgj Ki‡j ZvnÕ‡j †mB cv‡ci fvi Zv‡ì‡KI enb Ki‡Z n‡e| hw` G Kvi‡Y Ab¨vb¨ AcivaI mgv‡R Pvjy _v‡K Z‡e ZvivB G Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡e| Gfv‡e we`ÔAvZ‡K jvjb K‡i ivm~‡ji mybœvZ‡K Acgvb Kiv n‡”Q| Zviv Bgvg ev ûh~‡ii bv‡g †h AÜfw³ Ki‡Q Zv‡Z Zviv †Kvb Kv‡jI m‡Zï mÜvb cv‡e bv| Avgiv Avkv Kwi Zviv g‡bv‡hvM mn welqwU eySvi †Póv Ki‡e, Rvb‡e Ges mËi ms‡kvab n‡e| (L) mgvRcwZ, cÖfvekvjx I wkw¶Z e¨w³MY, hviv GB cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ K‡ib I †Rviv‡jv mg_©b K‡ib, Zviv welqwU GKUz ¸i“‡Z¡i mv‡_ †`L‡j GK gyn~‡Z©B Gi mgvavb n‡q hvq| Zv‡ì A‡b‡KB welqwU ey‡Sb wKš‘ e¨w³ ¯v‡_©i Kvi‡Y

107 108

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ mwVK K_v e‡jb bv; eis Pvcv w`‡q ivL‡Z Pvb, m‡Zï c‡¶ gyL Ly‡jb bv| A_ev Bgvg ev ûh~‡ii cÖwZ AÜ wek¦vm _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zvi K_v‡KB †ewk ¸i“Z¡ †`b| me‡P‡q cwiZv‡ci welq nÕj, A‡bK Bgvg, Av‡jg m‡Zï c‡¶ Ges Ab¨v‡qi wei“‡× K_v ej‡Z Pvb wKš‘ mgvRcwZiv Zvi Dci Ab¨vq Pvc m„wó K‡ib| m‡Zï c‡¶ Zv‡K gyL Lyj‡Z †`b bv| Zvi †Kvb ¯vaxbZv †bB| Rvbv Avek¨K †h, kixÔAv‡Zi e¨vcv‡i mvgvb¨ †Kvb KzwUjZv _vK‡j cÖfvekvjx gÊj‡ì euvPvi †Kvb c_ †bB| KviY mgv‡R mZ¨ cÖwZôvi e¨vcv‡i †bZ„ ’vbxq I cÖfvekvjxivB me‡P‡q eo evav| ¯qs Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvB cweÎ KziAv‡b GK_v †NvlYv K‡i‡Qb (hyLi“d 23)| cÖfvekvjx †gvoj‡ì Kvi‡YB AmsL¨ wkiK-we`ÔAvZ I kixÔAvZ we‡ivax KvR mgv‡R Pvjy Av‡Q| Zv‡ì Bkviv-Bw½‡ZB †m¸‡jv `~i Kiv m¤¢e nq bv| G¸‡jvi Rb¨ A‡bKvs‡k ZvivB †h `vqx Zv Kv‡iv ARvbv bq| Zviv g„Zz Kv‡j, Ke‡i Ges nvk‡ii gv‡V Avj−vni mvg‡b Kx Reve w`‡eb Zv Avgiv Rvwb bv| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô†Zvgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB `vwqZ¡kxj, †Zvgiv cÖ‡Z¨‡KB wb‡R‡ì `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© wRÁvwmZ n‡eÕ|8 Avgiv mK‡j b¨vqcivqY nIqvi AvnŸvb RvbvB| (M) Bmjvgx e¨w³Z¡, Av‡jg, Bgvg, LZ¡xe, e³v, wk¶K, `vC I gvìvmv wk¶v_©xiv nÕ‡jb gymwjg mgv‡Ri KY©avi| Zviv RvwZ‡K mwVK w`‡K-wb‡`©kbv `vb Ki‡eb Ges mwVK c‡_ cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb GUv Zv‡ì Ab¨Zg †kªô KZ©e¨| ZvivB hw` B”Qv K‡i we`ÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o a‡i _v‡Kb ZvnÕ‡j Avgv‡ì ejvi wKQy †bB| Z‡e gymwjg mgv‡Ri cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e Ggb AvPiY KL‡bvB Kvg¨ bq| Zv‡ì c‡¶ kixÔAv‡Zi bv‡g Ggb K_v D”PviY Kiv wVK bq †h K_vi Aw —Z¡ KziAvb-mybœvn‡Z †bB| Zv‡ì gva¨‡g Rvj I hCd nv`xQ cÖPvi nIqv Mwn©Z Ab¨vq| KviY wbwðZ bv n‡q †Kvb nv`xQ eY©bv Kiv hw` ivm~‡ji Dci wg_¨v‡ivc Kivi kvwgj nq, ZvnÕ†j Zuvi bv‡g Rvj, hCd I ev‡bvqvU K_v ejv KZUzKz Aciva Zv mn‡RB eySv hvq| a‡g©i †jevm c‡i we`ÔAvZ‡K AuvK‡o †_‡K ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mybœvZ‡K Acgvb Kiv †Kvb Av‡j‡gi c‡¶ †kvfv cvq bv| GQvov mZ¨ ey‡S †Mvcb Kiv Avj−vn‡K †auvKv †Ìqvi bvgvš—i| PvKwi wU‡K ivLvi Avkvq ev m¤§v‡bi w`‡K ZvwK‡q we`ÔAv‡Zi cÖPviYv Pvjv‡bv ev wb‡Ri †hvM¨Zv cÖgvY Ki‡Z wM‡q KziAvb-nv`x‡Qi gbMov A_© Kiv Ges weÁ gbxlx‡ì Mvjg›` Kiv g~L©‡ì KvR| ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi wb‡gœi evYx †_‡K Avgv‡ì wk¶v †bIqv DwPZ| wZwb e‡j‡Qb, ÔGK‡kªYxi Av‡jg Rvnvbœv‡gi ìRvq ùvwo‡q gvbyl‡K AvnŸvb Ki‡e| †hB Zv‡ì Wv‡K mvov w`‡e Zv‡KB Zviv Rvnvbœv‡g wb‡¶c Ki‡e| ivex e‡jb, †n Avj−vn ivm~j (Qvt)! Avcwb Zv‡ì cwiPq ejyb| wZwb ej‡jb, Zviv Avgv‡ì gZB Pvgovi gvbyl n‡e,

8. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/3685|

Avgv‡ì fvlvq Zviv K_v ej‡eÕ ( �2 K!��M�� T =�*� �T��% +� � ��T�� F��K �% �(�@ ��@�3�9�� B.(!� ��T =�� O��C�.*8�� ' K�-&(�j�O��< ��#.(�� +� �N �7�� * �T.>�� s� �7 K ) | Ab¨

eY©bvq i‡q‡Q, ÔZv‡ì gvbyl AvK…wZi †`‡ni g‡a¨ Zv‡ì Aš—i n‡e kqZv‡bi Aš—‡ii b¨vqÕ ( )�_ � �'��-.a�� + =�~��=�Z*� �F K!(!� �T�� K!(!� 9 Mfxifv‡e wPš—v Kivi ìKvi D³ Pwi‡Îi Av‡jgiv Kviv| Ae ’v hw` GgbwUB nq ZvnÕ‡j Av‡jg‡ì mZK© nIqv Qvov weKí †Kvb c_ †bB| ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi fvlv Abyhvqx †`‡ni g~j Ask Aš—iwU hw` bó n‡q hvq ZvnÕ‡j Zv‡ì gva¨‡g, Pvwiw`‡K weåvwš— Qwo‡q co‡e| K_v ej‡j wg_¨v ej‡eb, fvj ïb‡jI Dëv eyS‡eb, mwVK †`L‡jI euvKv †`L‡eb, nvZ w`‡q wjL‡jI wg_¨v I fyj wjL‡eb, Pj‡jI eµ c‡_ Pj‡eb| KviY g~j PvwjKvkw³ Aš—iUvq åvwš—c~Y©| AZGe mveavb! mwVK eyS AR©b K‡i mevB‡K Avj−vni Iqv‡¯— ms‡kvab nIqvi me©vZ¥K †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| (N) wkw¶Z, mijcÖvY wbi‡c¶ e¨w³eM© hviv welqwU eySvi †Póv Ki‡Z cv‡ib Ges m‡Zï c‡¶ gyL Lyj‡Z cv‡ib| wbi‡c¶ e¨w³ wnmv‡e G‡¶‡Î Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡B me‡P‡q †ewk Kvh©Ki n‡e| †hgb me©Î Zv‡ì g~j¨vqb i‡q‡Q| myZivs Zv‡ì DwPZ n‡e mgv‡R cÖPwjZ hveZxq Kzms¯‹vi I A‰bmjvgx img-†iIqvR `~i Kivi Rb¨ ewjô c`‡¶c †bIqv| †KvbwKQy‡K †Zvqv°v bv K‡i wbi‡c¶ ü`‡q Avj−vni Iqv‡¯— mwVK wel‡qi cÖPjb Kiv| hv‡Z mgv‡R kvwš—i dêyaviv cÖevwnZ nq| (O) ms¯‹vigbv e¨w³MY, hviv msL¨vq AwZ bMb¨| Zviv h_vh_fv‡e Avj−vn †cÖwiZ weavb †g‡b Pjvi †Póv K‡ib, Aci‡K †mw`‡K AvnŸvb Rvbvb Ges mvgvwRKfv‡e Zv‡K iƒc w`‡Z Pvb| ivm~j (Qvt) GB †kªYxi gvby‡li Rb¨B mymsev‡ì evYx ïwb‡q‡Qb|10 ZvB Zv‡ì‡K AZ¨š— m‡PZbZvi mv‡_ GKv‡R AMÖmi nÕ‡Z n‡e| KvD‡K KUv¶ K‡i †Kvb Pig fvlv cÖ‡qvM Kiv hv‡e bv| G gnr Kv‡Ri wcQ‡b w`‡Z nq cÖPzi mgq| ZvB wbivkv ev A‰ah© n‡q Ae¨vnZ †Póv †_‡K KL‡bv wcwQ‡q Avmv hv‡e bv| wb‡Ri mvwe©K Î“wUi w`‡K j¶¨ †i‡L nÕ‡Z n‡e AZ¨š— ms‡hvgx| KL‡bv mgv‡R cÖPwjZ Kzms¯‹vi, A‰ea ev Bmjvgx we‡ivax †Kvb Kv‡h©i mv‡_ Rwo‡q cov hv‡e bv| mvaviY gvby‡li mv‡_ ivL‡Z n‡e mym¤úK©| eySv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e mvejxj fvlvq| wb›`y‡Ki wb›`v, evjv-gyQxeZ, mvgvwRK bvbv mgmv¨, cvwievwiK ˆ`b¨Zv, PvKwiPz Z nIqv BZ¨vw` cix¶v Rwo‡q ai‡e| wKš‘ mewKQy‡K wWw½‡q GK Avj−vni Dci fimv K‡i ewjô wP‡Ë GwM‡q †h‡Z n‡e m¤§yLcv‡b| mdjZvi gvwjK Avj−vn iveŸyj Avjvgxb|

9. Qnxn eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/5382| 10. gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/159; Avngv`, Avjevbx, wgkKvZ nv/170-Gi UxKv `ªt|

109 110


mßg Aa¨vq `yÔAv Kivi Qnxn c×wZ mg~n

Avj−vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv Kiv, ¶gv cÖv_©bv Kiv GKwU dih Bev`Z| Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,

�+ ��M4*� &'� !j�* }�J�O 9% �� K�@ 3� � !jp�� 7��< �' K!(�] #�=�9 ��3��6�@ +�@ �' <�D�6.j�O C�� + ��D�]��3 � ��T��.

Ô†Zvgv‡ì cvjbKZ©v e‡jb, †Zvgiv Avgv‡K WvK, Avwg †Zvgv‡ì Wv‡K mvov wè| hviv Avgvi Bev`‡Zi e¨vcv‡i AnsKvi K‡i Zviv AwZË¡i jvwÃZ n‡q Rvnvbœv‡g cÖ‡ek Ki‡eÕ (m~iv gywgb 60)| Ab¨Î Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv e‡jb,

��* � K�6 =�J�O C�=.(�� '��@�3 �� #*� ��K @�3 �} =��!% z} ��D�� E�� E��@ :�3��6�@ �L�*�8�9 ��<�' <�#�h D�� T4(�;�* �� K�� ,�=.*�<.

ÔAvgvi ev›`viv hLb Avcbvi Kv‡Q Avgvi e¨vcv‡i wR‡Ám K‡i ZLb Avwg †Zv mwbœK‡UB i‡qwQ| cÖv_©bvKvixi cÖvv_©bv Avwg Keyj K‡i _vwK hLb †m cÖv_©bv K‡i| Kv‡RB Zviv †hb Avgvi ûKzg cvjb K‡i Ges Avgvi cÖwZ wek¦vm ’vcb K‡i| hv‡Z Zviv myc_ cÖvß nqÕ (m~iv evK¡vivn 186)|

Avj−v&ni Kv‡Q bv PvB‡j, Zuv‡K bv WvK‡j wZwb ev›`vi cÖwZ ivMvwšZ nb|1 KviY Avj−vni wbKU `yÔAvi †P‡q AwaK gh©v`vevb Avi wKQz †bB|2 Z‡e Aek¨B kixÔAvZ m¤§Z Qnxn c×wZ‡Z PvB‡Z n‡e, Zvi wbKU `yÔAv Ki‡Z n‡e| wb‡gœ `yÔAv Kivi Qnxn c×wZ Zz‡j aiv nÕj

(1) Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g `yÔAv Kivt Avj−vn ZvÔAvjvi wbKU `yÔAv Kivi me©†kªô gva¨g nÕj QvjvZ| wZwb e‡jb, ��K(�)�*��< �D 6�)*�� K�� =�;�O 9��< Ô‡Zvgiv â‡h©i mv‡_ Qvjv‡Z gva¨‡g mvnvh¨ cÖv_©bv KiÕ (evK¡vivn 45)| Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ we‡kl K‡i wmR`vq I Zvkvnû‡` e‡m mvjvg wdiv‡bvi Av‡M B”Qvbyhvqx `yÔAv Kivi †kªô ’vb| bex-ivm~jMY hLbB †Kvb mgm¨vq c‡o‡Qb ZLbB Zuviv Qvjv‡Zi gva¨‡g Avj−vni Kv‡Q `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb|3

1. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3336; Beby gvRvn nv/3895, mb` nvmvb| 2. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3370, mb` nvmvb; Beby gvRvn, wgkKvZ nv/2232| 3. Qnxn eyLvix n/3358|

(2) GKvKx nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kivt gnvb Avj−vni wbKU cÖv_©bv Kiv, ¶gv PvIqv, wec`-gyQxeZ, †ivM-evjv I bvbv iKg cix¶v †_‡K cwiÎvY PvIqvi wØZxq †kªô gva¨g nÕj GKvKx nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv| ZvB wb‡Ri PvIqv cvIqvi welq D‡j−L K‡i, cvc mg~n ¯§iY K‡i Ges mgm¨vw` †ck K‡i Avj−vni Kv‡Q GKwbôwP‡Ë Pz‡c Pz‡c ms‡Mvc‡b wbR wbR nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡e|4 cweÎ ’v‡b †h †Kvb †cÖ¶vc‡U e‡m ev ùvwo‡q nvZ Zz‡j cÖv_©bv Ki‡e | A‡b‡K `yÔAv Ki‡Z Rvwbbv e‡j Ac‡ii gva¨‡g `yÔAv Kwi‡q wb‡Z Pvq| GgbwU bv K‡i eis wbR wbR fvlvq wb‡Ri PvIqv-cvIqvi welqwU Avj−vni Kv‡Q Zz‡j ai‡e, GLv‡b A‡bï mvnv‡hï †Zgb †Kvb cÖ‡qvRb †bB| Avgv‡ì ivm~j gynv¤§v` (Qvt) mn Ab¨vb¨ bex-ivm~j wewfbœ mg‡q nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb g‡g© eû nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| Avj−vni Kv‡Q nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡j wZwb Lvwj nvZ †diZ w`‡Z j¾v‡eva K‡ib| †hgb-

�� =�(�@ rs� ��(�� s� !7 K�9�� 7�� 7�� '��-.(�9 +�@ ��*��;��< �P��6�� !j�� &'�� &(�9�< �lD.>�� -�N�3�D�� .'% �� =�*�� #�� u�� 2�# 6�@ +� ��=G�O C�� z ��D�" w� =�$ .

mvjgvb (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e‡j‡Qb, ÔwbðqB †Zvgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK g½jgq, myD”P j¾vkxj| Zuvi ev›`v hLb Zuvi wbKU nvZ DwV‡q Pvq, ZLb wZwb Lvwj nv‡Z †diZ w`‡Z j¾v‡eva K‡ibÕ|5 D‡j−L¨ †h, `yÕnvZ GKwÎZ K‡i †Lvjv †i‡L eyK eivei gy‡Li mvg‡b a‡i `yÔAv Ki‡e|6 `yB nv‡Zi gv‡S duvK †i‡L A_ev `yB nvZ GKwÎZ K‡i `wo cvKv‡bvi b¨vq nvZ bvov‡bvi †Kvb wfwË †bB| `yÔAvi †k‡l gy‡L nvZ gvmvn bv K‡i Ggwb‡ZB nvZ †Q‡o w`‡e| KviY gy‡L nvZ gvmvn Kiv m¤ú‡K© †Kvb Qnxn nv`xQ †bB| Avgiv Z…Zxq Aa¨v‡qi †k‡l G wel‡q we —vwiZ Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| G¶‡Y ivm~j (Qvt) †h wewfbœ ’v‡b bvbv Kvi‡Y nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb †m wel‡q wb‡gœ K‡qKwU nv`xQ D‡j−L Kiv nÕjt

�7 K�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�� &'�% �Ð��;.*� �+ � <�D -�@ �+ � �s� �# 6�@ +�@ ��;�6�� +�-�� *� �+E �lD =�a�" �+.(�( ��% �+�T�� EF�� C*� �� =�(�@ � =�N��D �� 1�;� �s�

�7��< �E�� P�3��6�@ �T�� T �0M�;�� .'�� C*� �� =�(�@ ��C =�@ , ��T�* D��> V�� .'��<�7��R�� j�� < ��O�!% ��O�!% � �T4(*�� 7�� !H �� #�� u�� !H f� =�j�G.*� �t ��t�;.*� �B �% �L��

4. m~iv AvÔivd 204, 05, gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ nv/2303| 5. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1488, mb` Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/2244, Ô`yÔAv mg~nÕ Aa¨vq| 6. Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/2256; Avngv`, evqnvK¡x, wgkKvZ nv/2257, 2253,2254|

111 112


(.(�n 9��< � �( @% �Lp��< �#�-�G� ��*� ! ��D 6�� }�N.�� & ��< �t�@ rs� �2��8�� L =�j 6�� K�N�< �7�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� !7 K�9�� 2�D�6 ]�8�� *�8�C�� C*� �� =�(�@ ! ��D 6��

�i�< �L�O�!% �� L =�� D��9 ��% ��* . !R�� #�-�G� ��*�� ! ��D 6�� }�N.�� rs� �7��R�� ( @�%�P�, C� . Avãyj−vn Beby Avgi Be‡b AvQ (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi e¨vcv‡i AvqvZ cvV Ki‡jb, Ô†n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Giv A‡bK gvbyl‡K wec_Mvgx K‡i‡Q| AZGe †h Avgvi AbymiY K‡i †m Avgvi Aš—fy©³Õ (Beivnxg 36)| Cmv (Avt) e‡jwQ‡jb, ÔAvcwb hw` Zv‡ì kvw — †`b Zvn'†j Zviv †Zv AvcbviB ev›`v| Avi Zv‡ì‡K hw` Avcwb ¶gv K‡i †`b ZvnÕ‡j wbðqB Avcwb gnv civµkvjx cÖÁvgqÕ (gv‡q`vn 118)| AZtci ivm~j (Qvt) `yÕnvZ DwV‡q e‡jb, †n Avj−vn! Avgvi D¤§Z, †n Avj−vn! Avgvi D¤§Z| AZtci Kuv`‡Z _vK‡jb| ZLb Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv ej‡jb, †n wReixj! Zzwg gynv¤§v‡ì wbKU hvI, †Zvgvi ie †mUv Rv‡bb Ges wR‡Ám Ki, †Kb wZwb Kuv`‡Qb| AZtci wReixj (Avt) Zvi wbK‡U AvMgb K‡i Kuv`vi KviY Rvb‡Z PvB‡jb| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) Zv‡K Kuv`vi KviY ej‡jb| AZtci Avj−vn ZvÔAvjv wReixj‡K ej‡jb, hvI, gynv¤§v`‡K ej †h, Avwg †Zvgvi Dci Ges †Zvgvi D¤§‡Zi Dci mš‘ó AvwQ| Avwg †Zvgvi AKj¨vY Kie bvÕ|7

A‡bï Rb¨ ¶gv cÖv_©bv K‡i nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt AvDZ¡v‡mi hy‡× Avey Av‡gi‡K Zxi jvM‡j wZwb ¯xq fvwZRv Avey g~mvi gva¨‡g e‡j cvVvb †h, Avcwb Avgvi c¶ †_‡K ivm~j (Qvt)-†K mvjvg †cuŠ‡Q w`‡eb Ges Avgvi Rb¨ ¶gv PvB‡Z ej‡eb| AZtci Zvi Kv‡Q ejv nÕj| Avey g~mv AvkÔAvix (ivt) e‡jb, �# =�6�;�* D�>.S� � �T4(*�� 7��R�� #�� u�� !H �8��K�O�� d��-�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� p��6��*� ��@�3

��% +�� D =�a�" �Y K�� y��=�R.*� �� K�� .(�; �� T4(*�� 7�� !H �� =�\ �� g��=�� B ��%��< �D��@��*� �+� �L�R.(�] .

bex Kixg (Qvt) cvwb PvB‡jb Ges Ih~ Ki‡jb| AZtci `yÕnvZ Zz‡j cÖv_©bv Ki‡jb Ges ej‡jb, Ô†n Avj−vn! Avey Av‡gi‡K DevB` ¶gv K‡i w`b| (ivex e‡jb) G mg‡q Avwg Zuvi eM‡ji ïåZv †`Ljvg| wZwb ej‡jb, Ô†n Avj−vn! wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Avcwb Zv‡K Avcbvi m„wó gvby‡li A‡b‡Ki E‡aŸ© K‡i w`bÕ|8

7. Qnxn gymwjg, 1/113, nv/346, ÔCgvbÕ Aa¨vq, ÔD¤§‡Zi Rb¨ ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi `yÔAv KivÕ Aby‡”Q`| 8. Qnxn eyLvix nv/4323, 2884, 2383; 944 c„t|

A‡bï Rb¨ †n`vqvZ cÖv_©bv K‡i nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt

�� 7��R�� (9< �=(@ s� �(� �s� �7 K�9�� (�@ ��9 <�#*� <�D -�@ �+ � ! =�>k\*� ��#�� 7�� D ��D�N ·% +@ �� 3�� B��%�< B�)�@ #�� l9 <�3 &'�� s� �7 K�9�� (�9< ��=(@ s� �(� �s� !7 K�9�� 6.R�O 9�� T =�(�@ Is�

� �T4(*�� 7��R�� T =�(�@ K�@ #�� % ��*� �+�� #�� u��< �y�( 6�R.*�� ! �T�� B.x��< �l9 <�3 �# N�. Avey ûivqiv (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v ZzdvBj Beby Avgi ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Kv‡Q wM‡q ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! `vEm †MvÎ Aeva¨ I Aekxf‚Z n‡q †M‡Q, Avcwb Zv‡ì Rb¨ Avj−vni Kv‡Q e` `yÕAv Ki“b| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) wK¡ejvgyLx nÕ‡jb Ges `yÕnvZ Zzj‡jb| †jv‡Kiv aviYv Kij †h, wZwb Zv‡ì wei“‡× e` `yÔAv Ki‡eb| wKš‘ ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, †n Avj−vn! Avcwb `vDm †MvÎ‡K †n`vqvZ `vb Ki“b Ges Zv‡ì‡K mwVK c_ †`LvbÕ|9 hy‡×i gv‡V nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv t

��N�< �+ =�"�D Z�-.*� ��*�� s� !7 K�9�� D�� #�� K�� '��" ��-�* �7�� F�\Á� +� D-@ +@ �� D�Z�@ �y�; C��< �y�x��-!H��H ��G ��%�< z�.*�% ^;J� �� #�� #� � !H �y�( 6�R.*�� s� p��6� � �6.R�O 9��

�2�MN L�( T�� .'�� L�� T4(*�� #�@�< �� [{ � �T(*�� #�@�< �� * t�J �% T(*� ��D� �OT� �7�� -�� g ��8.*� �� #�6 ;�� i �� 9��.*� � N�% +� �y��)�;.*� � �6.R�O C� �� #�� l3�� E��D�� O T��

� �!H �� =�6�j �� (�@ �2��R.*�8�� x��3�� M�]�8�� D.j�� K��% �2��8� �� =�6�j �� +�@ �2��3�� ¥�R�9 ��O�$ �y�( 6�R.*��L��#�h�� P��>�" �s� ��6� �� 7��< ��x��< +� ��t�O.*��P�#�@�< �� L�* �t J�=�9 �� Lp�� .

Igi Bebyj LvË¡ve (ivt) nÕ‡Z ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) e`‡ii hy‡× gykwiK‡ì w`‡K j¶¨ K‡i †`L‡jb, Zv‡ì msL¨v GK nvhvi| Avi Zuvi mv_x‡ì msL¨v gvÎ 319 Rb| ZLb wZwb wK¡ejvgyLx n‡q `yÕnvZ DwV‡q `yÔAv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb| G mgq wZwb ejwQ‡jb, †n Avj−vn Avcwb Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Kivi Iqv`v K‡i‡Qb| †n Avj−vn! Avcwb hw` GB RvgvÔAvZ‡K AvR aŸsm K‡i †`b, ZvnÕ‡j GB hgx‡b Avcbvi Bev`Z Kivi gZ Avi †KD Aewkó _vK‡e bv| Gfv‡e wZwb Dfq nvZ Zz‡j wK¡ejvgyLx n‡q cªv_©bv Ki‡Z _vK‡jb| GK mgq Zuvi Kuva nÕ‡Z Zvi PvìLvbv c‡o †Mj| AveyeKi (ivt) Zvi PvìLvbv Kuv‡a Zz‡j w`‡q Zv‡K wcQb w`K †_‡K Rwo‡q a‡i ej‡jb, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avcbvi cÖwZcvjK cÖv_©bv Key‡j h‡_ó| wbðqB wZwb Avcbvi mv‡_ K…Z Iqv`v c~iY Ki‡ebÕ|10

9. Qnxn eyLvix nv/6397, 2937| 10. Qnxn gymwjg, 2q LÊ, c„t 93, nv/4588, ÔwRnv`Õ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-18|

113 114


KvÔev Ni †`‡L nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt

�s� !7 K��9�� 6.��8�� y&j� � �]�#�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� !7 K�9�� 7�� 7�� D ��D�N A��% +�@ �� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� !�� =�$ �2��;�� >�)*� ��% � !H �B =�6.*�� o��~ � !H ��-�( 9�8�� D�J�G.*� ��*

�2 K�@ #�� < �2�D!".M�� .'�% Id��h �� Is� �D!".M�� ;�J�� #�� u��D�� B =�6.*� ��*�� D!� ��. Avey ûivqiv (ivt) e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt) g°vq cÖ‡ek K‡i cv_‡ii wbKU G‡m cv_i‡K Pz¤b Ki‡jb| AZtci evqZzj−vn ZvIqvd Ki‡jb Ges Qvdv cvnv‡o G‡m Zvi Dci DV‡jb| †mLvb †_‡K wZwb evqZzj−vni cÖwZ j¶¨ KiwQ‡jb| AZtci `yÕnvZ D‡Ëvjb c~e©K Avj−vn‡K B”QvgZ ¯§iY Ki‡Z jvM‡jb I `yÔAv Ki‡Z jvM‡jb|11 Avivdvi gv‡V nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt

�\�@ +�@ �� #�� u��D�� [��D�;�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� E��6��*� �� 3�� B �!" �# �� + � !y��9!% �7�� 7�� d�:�D ]!8.*� �2�#�� zu�� K�N�< �� #�� :�# $�� \�b.*� �7�<��O�� T��\�] �¥�R�C�� O�� B�*��-�� K�@ #��.

AvZ¡v (ivt) e‡jb, Imvgv Beby hv‡q` (ivt) e‡j‡Qb, Avwg Avivdvi gv‡V ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi mv‡_ GKB Av‡ivnxi g‡a¨ wQjvg| wZwb Zuvi `yÕnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv KiwQ‡jb, ZLb Zvi DUwb Zv‡K wb‡q GKw`‡K m‡i †Mj Ges DUbxi jvMvg nvZ †_‡K c‡o †Mj| ivm~j (Qvt) Zuvi GK nvZ Øviv jvMvg a‡i _vK‡jb Ges Aci nvZ DwV‡q ivL‡jb|12 n‡¾ cv_i wb‡¶‡ci mgq nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt �� #�J C� ��(�� O4*� ��D -�J.*� �� '��" � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�� &'% E:�D Npt*� �+�@

�)�G�� -&(!" �DE6�j�� [��)�$ �u 6�C�� K�@#�� #�� l;�� y�( 6�R.*� � �6.R�O C� ��K�� T��% ��#�R�� !H �� !H ��)�G�� -&(!" �DE6�j�� [��=�)�$ �u 6�C�� T =� D�=�� y�=��&a*� ��D�-�¢� ��8�� !H �o K!��K.*� ! =�\�� '��"�<

�C�=.*� �[�� #�G ��K�@ #� �� #�� l;�� y�( 6�R.*� � �6.R�O C� ��R�=�� :�3��K.*� ��(�� -� ��... hynix (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z ivm~j (Qvt) gmwR‡` wgbv msjMœ Rvgivq hLb KsKi wb‡¶c Ki‡Zb ZLb mvZwU cv_i LÊ wb‡¶c Ki‡Zb| cv_i wb‡¶‡ci mgq wZwb ZvKexi w`‡Zb| AZtci Zvi mvg‡b Avm‡Zb Ges wK¡ejvi w`‡K gyL K‡i `yÕnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡Zb| G mgq wZwb `xN©¶Y ùvwo‡q _vK‡Zb| AZtci wZwb wØZxq Rvgivq G‡m mvZwU wb‡¶c Ki‡Zb Avi hLb wZwb KsKi wb‡¶c Ki‡Zb ZLb wZwb ZvKexi w`‡Zb| AZtci evg cv‡k m‡i Avm‡j †mLv‡b DcZ¨Kv wg‡j Av‡Q| †mLv‡b wK¡ejvi w`‡K gyL K‡i `yÕnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡Zb|13 11. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1872, mb` Qnxn| 12. Qnxn bvmvC nv/3011, mb` Qnxn| 13. Qnxn eyLvix nv/1751-1753, 1/236|

gymvwd‡ii nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt

��D ��D�N ·� +�@ ... �D*�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� !7 K�9�� D�"�� ;� h�% �D�>�C*� ! =�\�� z��D�$ ��C�6.(��< z��D�$ ��D Z��< z��D�$ ��-�;.\��< EF�� EF�� d��-�C*� ��*�� #�� p#�-�� D�6 ]�%

�L�*��M�* �F��J�O C�� 8�� D�G.*�� :�M!S�<. Avey ûivqiv (ivt) nÕ†Z ewY©Z, ivm~j (Qvt) GK`v nvjvj Lv`¨ m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z wM‡q GK e¨w³i `„óvš— Zz‡j a‡ib, †h `~i `~ivš— mdi K‡i P‡j‡Q| Zvi gv_vi Pzj G‡jv‡g‡jv, kix‡i a~jvevwj| GgZve¯’vq H e¨w³ `yÕnvZ AvKv‡ki w`‡K DwV‡q KvZi K‡É Ô†n cÖfyÕ Ô†n cÖfyÕ e‡j WvK‡Q| wKš‘ Zvi Lv`¨ nvivg Øviv, cvbxq nvivg, ci‡bi †cvlvK nvivg Ges Zvi Avnvi eë¯’v Kiv nq nvivg, Zvi `yÔAv wK Keyj nÕ‡Z cv‡i?Õ|14 Beivnxg (Avt)-Gi nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt Beby AveŸvm (ivt) †_‡K Beivnxg (Avt) m¤ú‡K© j¤v nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h, Beivnxg (Avt) ¯xq ¯¿x I cyÎ‡K KvÔev N‡ii cv‡k †i‡L P‡j hvw”Q‡jb| GK mgq wZwb wMwic‡_i euv‡K †cuŠ‡Qb, †hLvb †_‡K ¯¿x I cyÎ‡K †`Lv hvw”Qj bv|

�� :�� D =�S �3��K�� O��E�!� +� �B ��j 9% �E� �7��R�� #�� u��< �[��-�(�j.*� �d��*�,�T�� @�3 � !H��D�G�-.*� �L�O =�� # ��@....

AZtci wZwb wb‡gœi K_v¸‡jv Øviv `yÔnvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡jb †h, Ô†n Avgv‡ì cÖwZcvjK! Avcbvi cweÎ N‡ii wbK‡U Ggb GK gq`v‡b Avgvi ¯¿x-cyÎ‡K †i‡L hvw”Q, hv k‡mï Abyc‡hvMx Ges Rbk~b¨ gi“f~wg| †n Avj−vn! Zviv †hb QvjvZ Kv‡qg K‡i †m Rb¨ Avcwb †jvK‡ì gb‡K G w`‡K AvK…ó K‡i w`b Ges cÖPzi dj djvw` Øviv G‡ì wiwh‡Ki eë¯’v K‡i w`b| Zviv †hb Avcbvi ïKwiqv Av`vq Ki‡Z cv‡iÕ|15 D³ nv`xQ¸‡jv †_‡K eySv hvq †h, ivm~j (Qvt) wewfbœ mg‡q wewfbœ ¯’v‡b Ges wewfbœ †cÖ¶vc‡U GKvKx nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| ZvB Kv‡iv g½j Kvgbv, †n`vqvZ PvIqv, ¶gv cÖv_©bv Kiv, †ivMgyw³ PvIqv, wec` `~i Kiv wKsev †Kvb mgm¨vq co‡j `yB nvZ Zz‡j GKvKx Kvqg‡bvev‡K¨ Avj−vni Kv‡Q cÖv_©bv Kiv GKvš— KZ©e¨| D‡j−L¨ †h, GKvKx nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv msµvš— Av‡iv A‡bK nv`xQ i‡q‡Q| GLv‡b me nv`xQ D‡j−L Kiv m¤¢e nÕj bv|16

(3) GKR‡bi `yÔAv Kiv Avi evKx‡ì ïay Avgxb Avgxb ejvt †KD `yÔAv Ki‡e Avi Dcw¯’Z Abïv †mB `yÔAvq Avgxb Avgxb ej‡e| `yÔAv Kivi GwU GKwU c×wZ| RygÔAv I C‡ì Lyrev ev Ab¨ †Kvb mgq Bgvg, LZ¡xe ev Av‡jg e¨w³ mswk−ó †Kvb welq‡K j¶¨ K‡i wKsev mKj gymwjg bi-bvixi Kj¨vY Kvgbv

14. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2760, c„t 241| 15. m~iv Beivnxg 37; Qnxn eyLvix nv/3364, 1g LÊ, c„t 475, Ôbex‡ì NUbvejxÕ Aa¨vq, Aby‡”Q`-8| 16. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1487, mb` Qnxn; Qnxn eyLvix, 2/622; Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1489, mb` Qnxn|

115 116

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ K‡i `yÔAv Ki‡eb Avi evKxiv Avgxb Avgxb ej‡e|17 †hgb m~iv dvwZnv †k‡l Avgxb ejv nq|18 gymwjg e¨w³ `yÔAvq Avgxb Avgxb ej‡j Keyj nq, ZvB Bû`x-Lªxóvb I weag©xiv Avgx‡bi cÖwZ me‡P‡q †ekx wnsmv K‡i|19 gvby‡li K_vq †d‡ikZvgÊjxI Avgxb Avgxb e‡jb g‡g© Qnxn nv`xQ ewY©Z n‡q‡Q|20 ivm~j (Qvt) `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb Avi Qvnvexiv Avgxb Avgxb e‡j‡Qb|21 g~mv (Avt) `yÔAv Ki‡j Zuvi `yÔAvq nviƒY (Avt) Avgxb Avgxb e‡j‡Qb|

�� =�(�@ ��9 K� ��@�3 �7�� -!j��K @�3 �} =��!% #�� * K�� -�T ��@ rs� �� 6�@ �+ �� +�@!' <��N �+��%�< ��(�C*� .

Beby AveŸvm (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z, Avj−vni evYx Ô†Zvgv‡ì `yÕR‡bi `yÔAv Keyj Kiv nÕjÕ GB K_v m¤ú‡K© wZwb e‡jb, g~mv (Avt) `yÔAv KiwQ‡jb Avi nviƒY (Avt) Avgxb Avgxb ejwQ‡jb|22 D³ eY©bvwU Beby gv`~©weqvn Avbvm (ivt) †_‡K D×„Z K‡i‡Qb, hv nv‡dh Beby nvRvi AvmK¡vjvbx (int) †Kvb gš—e¨ QvovB D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|23 Avj−vgv Beby Rvixi Zvevix (int) Gi †gvU 8wU m~Î D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb| Z‡e gynvw°K¡ K‡qKwU mb`‡K gybK¡vZv e‡j‡Qb|24 Avj−vgv myq~Zx (int) 6wU m~Î D‡j−L K‡i‡Qb|25 Aveyj Avwjqvn, Avey Qv‡jn, BKivgvn, gynv¤§v` Beby KvÔe, iex Beby Avbvm cÖgyL e‡jb, g~mv (Avt) `yÔAv K‡iwQ‡jb Avi nviƒY (Avt) Avgxb Avgxb e‡jwQ‡jb|26 (4) RvgvÔAvZ e×fv‡e mevB wg‡j nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAvt K‡qKwU ¯’v‡b bex Kixg (Qvt) mKj‡K wb‡q mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| hv Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ| wb‡gœ †m ¯’vb¸‡jv D‡j−L Kiv nÕj- (K) cvwb PvIqvi Rb¨t ��&(*� �&(�� &(*� �7K�9�� *�� < #�6.*� � N�% +� w��D @�% � �� % �7�� L�*�� + � �_��% +�@

�N !7��=�;.*� �L�(�N �y�=�h��-.*� �B�j�(�N ��&(*� �7K�9�� 7��R�� y�;�-�J.*� �� K�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ ��*� �L�( ��&(*� �7K�9�� u� �T��# ��% ��*� �u��< K�@ #�� #�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ ��&(*� �&(�� &(*� !7K�9�� u��D��

�' K�@ #�� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ ��&(*� �&(��. 17. Qnxn Avj-Av`veyj gydiv` nv/461;dvZvIqv jvRbv 8/231-30 I 302 c„t; dvZvIqv AviKvwbj Bmjvg, c„t 392| 18. gyËvdvK¡ AvjvBn, wgkKvZ n/825; Avey`vE`, wZiwghx, `v‡igx, wgkKvZ nv/845| 19. Avngv`, Beby gvRvn nv/856; Qnxn Beby Lyhvqgvn nv/574| 20. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1672, 1619, 2228| 21. Avngv`, ZveivYx, mb` nvmvb, Avey`vE` nv/1443; wgkKvZ nv/1290| 22. dvrûj evix 3q LÊ, c„t 335, nv/780-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt; m~iv BDbym 89 bs Avqv‡Zi Av‡jvPbv `ªt;

Zvdmx‡i KziZzex, D³ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v `ªt| 23. dvrûj evix 3q LÊ, c„t 335, nv/780-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt| 24. Zvdmx‡i Zvevix 11/174-175 c„t)| 25. Zvdmxi `yi©yj gvbQ~i 4/347 c„t| 26. Zvdmxi Beby KvQxi 7/394 c„t, D³ Avqv‡Zi e¨vL¨v `ªt|

Avbvm Beby gv‡jK (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, GK`v RygÔAvi w`b R‰bK Aviex †e`yCb ivmyj (Qvt)-Gi wbKU Dcw¯’Z n‡q ejj, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! (e„wói Afv‡e) M„ncvwjZ cï¸‡jv gviv hv‡”Q, cwievi-cwiRb I gvbyl aŸsm n‡q hv‡”Q| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) `yÔAvi Rb¨ `yÕnvZ DVv‡jb| Avi †jv‡KivI Zuvi mv‡_ nvZ DwV‡q `yÔAv Kij|27

�C*� ��*�� =&>�" �D T�� R C�O 9� � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ ��&(*� �&(�� &(*� �7K�9�� B �%�� 7�� _��% +�@�d��-. Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-†K n¯—Ø‡qi wcV AvKv‡ki w`‡K K‡i cvwb cÖv_©bv Ki‡Z †`‡LwQ|28

+�� d A�h A�� #�� u�� D�� * � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ ��&(*� �&(�� pA�6��*� �'��" �7�� L�*�� + � �_��% +�@�R C�O 9��*� A�� &*�� x��@�3�� =�\ �� g��=�� :�D�� O�$ �u�� D�� < �d�.

Avbvm (ivt) e‡jb, bex Kixg (Qvt) e„wó cÖv_©bv e¨ZxZ Ab¨ †Kv_vI nvZ Zzj‡Zb bv| wZwb nvZ GZ cwigvY DVv‡Zb †h, Zvi eM‡ji ïåZv †`Lv †hZ|29

(L) e„wó e‡Üi Rb¨t

e„wó e‡Üi RbÏ ivm~j (Qvt) D³ c×wZ‡Z mevB‡K wb‡q QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb Ges mw¤§wjZ `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| e„wó e‡Üi Rb¨ wb‡gœi `yÔAvwU cÖwm×t

�D�J�Z*� �B��< �y��3 <�8.*� �' K!\��< �F��D0�*��< ��"�8.*� ��(�@ � �T4(*�� =�(�@ �i�< �� =�*��K�$ � �T4(*��. Ô†n Avj−vn! Avgv‡ì cvk¦©eZx© GjvKvq e„wó w`b, Avgv‡ì Dci e„wó el©Y Ki‡eb bv| †n Avj−vn! Abvev`x Rwg‡Z, DuPz Rwg‡Z, DcZ¨Kvq Ges Nb e„‡¶i Dci e„wó el©Y Ki“bÕ|30 (M) P›`ª I m~h©MÖn‡Yi mgqt

ivm~j (Qvt) P›`ª I m~h©MÖn‡Yi mgqI QvjvZ Av`v‡qi ci wKsev Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨ Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvi b¨vq nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb|

�� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�� =�$ �� -�T 9�8�� % ��% �+ =�� 7�� D�-�9 �+ � �+- $�D*� �# 6�@ +�@ �@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�D�* ! �# G�� &'�D!� �8�* �B.(!��< �+�T��.M�6�� _ -�Z*� �B�>�C�j �� &(�9�< �� =�(

! �0(�T��< �#��- G��< �DE6�j��< K�@ #�� #�� zu�� K�N�< �� =�*�� B =�T�O �� K�=.*� �_ -�Z*� �o��C�j �� &(�9�< �+ =�O�;."�� u�"��< �+ =�� K�9 �%�D�R�� _ -�Z*� �+�@ & �� O�$.

27. Qnxn eyLvix nv/1029, 1/140 c„t| 28. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1498 ÔBw¯— ‹vÕ Aby‡”Q`| 29. Qnxn eyLvix 1/140 c„t, nv/1031; wgkKvZ nv/1499; Qnxn eyLvix 1/127 c„t| 30. Qnxn eyLvix 1/137 c„t; Qnxn gymwjg 1/293-294 c„t|

117 118

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ Avãyi ingvb Beby mvgyivn (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v Avwg ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi RxeÏkvq Zxi wb‡¶c KiwQjvg| nVvr †`wL m~h©MÖnY †j‡M‡Q| Avwg Zxi¸‡jv wb‡¶c Kijvg Avi ejjvg, AvR m~h©MÖn‡Y ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi Ae¯’vb j¶¨ Kie| AZtci Avwg Zuvi wbKU †cuŠQjvg| wZwb ZLb `yÕnvZ DwV‡q cªv_©bv KiwQ‡jb Ges ÔAvj−vû AvKeviÕ, ÔAvj-nvg`ywjj−vnÕ, Ôjv Bjv-nv Bj−vj−vnÕ ejwQ‡jb| †kl ch©š— m~h© cÖKvwkZ nÕj| AZtci wZwb `yÕwU m~iv co‡jb Ges `yÕivKÔAvZ QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡jbÕ|31 Ab¨ eY©bvq G‡m‡Q,

� &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs� �&(�� s� �7 K�9�� # T�@ ��(�@ �_ -�Z*� �B�>�C�" �7�� y�6 ;�h �+ � ��D =�V�-.*� �+�@ �N��D �� [�� K�� &(�� s� !7 K�9�� 7��R�� =�N��D �� [ K�-�* �_ -�Z*� �B�>�C�" ��*� �7��R�� =

� Kk(�)�� O ��%�� =�G�*��*�< �#�$% �[ K�-�* �'��>�C�j ��* �D�-�R.*��< �_ -�Z*� &'� � &(�9�< �� =�(�@ rs�� K�@ 3��< .

gyMxiv Beby ïÔev (ivt) †_‡K ewY©Z, wZwb e‡jb, ivm~j (Qvt)-Gi hy‡M GKw`b m~h©MÖnY jvMj †hw`b Zuvi cyÎ Beivnxg g„ZëiY K‡ib| d‡j RbMY ej‡Z jvMj †h, Beivnx‡gi g„Zy i Kvi‡YB m~h©MÖnY †j‡M‡Q| ZLb ivm~j (Qvt) ej‡jb, m~h© I P›`ªMÖnY Kv‡iv g„Zz ev R‡b¥i Ki‡Y nq bv| myZivs †Zvgiv hLb GgbwU †`L‡e ZLb QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e Ges `yÔAv Ki‡eÕ|32 Ab¨ GK nv`x‡Q G‡m‡Q,

��C��j �� O�$ � K�@ 3��< � Kk(�)�� O ��%�� =�G�*��*�< �#�$% �[ K�-�* �'��>�C�j ��* �D�-�R.*��< �_ -�Z*� &'� !j�� .

ÔwbðqB m~h© I P›`ªMÖnY Kv‡iv g„Zz i Kvi‡Y jv‡M bv| myZivs †Zvgiv hLb GgbwU †`L‡e ZLb QvjvZ Av`vq Ki‡e Ges `yÔAv Ki‡e| hZ¶Y †Zvgv‡ì wbKU m~h©-P›`ª cÖKvwkZ bv nqÕ|33

D³ nv`xQ¸‡jv †_‡K eySv hvq †h, ivm~j (Qvt) KL‡bv Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvi b¨vq Qvjv‡Zi g‡a¨B mKj‡K wb‡q `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| Avevi KL‡bv `xN©¶Y a‡i QvjvZ Av`v‡qi ci `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| hZ¶Y m~h©-P›`ª cÖKvwkZ bv n‡q‡Q|34 (N) gyevnvjvi mgqt gyevnvjv nÕj ci¯ú‡ii wei“‡× Awfkvc Kvgbv Kiv| G‡K Aci‡K †`vlv‡ivc Ki‡j †K mZ¨ Zv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ mš—vbmš—wZmn †Lvjv gv‡V wM‡q Dfq c¶ wb‡R‡ì Dci Avj−vni Awfkvc cÖv_©bv Ki‡e| G‡K gyevnvjv e‡j| G mgq ¯^ ¯^ cÖwZwbwa

31. Qnxn gymwjg 1/299 c„t, nv/2118-19 (913)| 32. Qnxn eyLvix nv/1043| 33. Qnxn eyLvix nv/1040| 34. Av‡jvPbv `ªt dvrûj evix nv/1040 I 1060-Gi e¨vL¨v, 2/670 I 695 c„t; Qnxn gymwjg ki‡n beex nv/2116-Gi e¨vL¨v `ªt, 6/455-56 c„t;

Avj−vgv †gvj−v Avjx K¡vix nvbvdx, wgiK¡vZzj gvdvZxn (XvKvt ikxw`q jvB‡eªix, Zvwe), 3/323 c„t, D³ nv`x‡Qi Av‡jvPbv `ªt|

Dcw¯’Z mKj‡K wb‡q nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Ki‡Z cv‡i|35 ivm~~jyj−vn (Qvt) Bû`x-Lªxóvb‡ì mv‡_ gyevnvjv Kivi AvnŸvb Rvwb‡qwQ‡jb (Avj-Bgivb 61)| wKš‘ Zviv gyevnvjvq Ask †bqwb| G m¤ú‡K© ewY©Z n‡q‡Q †h,

¸C��< +C��< �(@ �;< �D] (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� '�" #�< O% �K�8� [K@3 �� % '� (9< �=(@ s� �(� s� 7K9� 7�R� y-~��<.

GK`v ivm~j (Qvt) †ei nÕ‡jb| Zuvi mv‡_ nvmvb, ûmvBb, dv‡Z¡gv I Avjx (ivt)I wQ‡jb| wZwb Zv‡ì‡K ej‡jb, ÔAvwg hLb `yÔAv Kie ZLb †Zvgiv Avgxb Avgxb ej‡eÕ|36

mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv Kiv msµvš— D³ nv`xQ¸‡jv †_‡K eySv hvq †h, wek¦e¨vcx Ges RvZxq †Kvb msK‡U cwZZ n‡q ivm~jyj−vn (Qvt) mevB‡K wb‡q RvgvÔAvZe×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb| (O) Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjvt wewfbœ mg‡q ivm~j (Qvt) dih Qvjv‡Zi †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ nÕ‡Z DVvi ci `yB nvZ Zz‡j gy³v`x‡ì wb‡q Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv co‡Zb|37 wZwb KL‡bv cuvP Iqv³ Qvjv‡ZB GB Kzb~Z c‡o‡Qb| GB `yÔAv‡K nv`x‡Qi cwifvlvq ÔKzb~‡Z bv‡hjvÕ ejv nq| gymwjg D¤§vn wec‡` AvcwZZ nÕ‡j wKsev Kv‡di‡ì c¶ †_‡K Avµvš— nÕ‡j gymwjg D¤§vni Rb¨ ingZ Avi Agymwjg Kv‡di-gykwiK‡ì Dci kvw¯— Kvgbv K‡i ivm~j (Qvt) D³ `yÔAv Ki‡Zb| Qvjv‡Zi †kl ivKÔAv‡Z i“K‚ †_‡K D‡V ÔmvwgÔAvj−vû wjgvb nvwg`vnÕ ejvi ci `yÕnvZ Zz‡j Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv co‡Z nq| G mgq gy³v`xMY Avgxb Avgxb ej‡e|38 D‡j−L¨ †h, cª_g Aa¨v‡q Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv D‡j−L Kiv n‡q‡Q| (P) Kyb~‡Z weZit Kzb~‡Z weZi g~jZt weZi Qvjv‡Zi Rb¨| i“K‚i Av‡M ev c‡i `yB ¯’v‡bB nvZ Zz‡j Kzb~Z cov hvq| weZi QvjvZ hLb RvgvÔ‡Zi mv‡_ co‡e †hgb ivgvhvb gv‡m cov nq, ZLb Bgvg nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv co‡eb Avi gy³v`xMY Avgxb Avgxb ej‡e| †hgb Kzb~‡Z bv‡hjv cov nq|39

35. nv‡Kg nv/....; ivqnvK¡x, mybvbyj Kzeiv .....; Bgvg myq~Zx, Av`-`yi©yj gvbQ~i wdZ Zvdmxi wej gvÕQ~i, ZvnK¡xK¡t Avãyi ivhhvK Avj-gvn`x (‰ei“Zt `vi“ BnBqvBZ ZzivQ Avj-Avivex, 2001/1421), 2/221 c„t|

36. Avey bCg, Zvdmx‡i dvrûj K¡v`xi, 1g LÊ, c„t 348; Av`-`yi©“j gvbQ~i 2/220; Zvdmx‡i KziZzex 4/93| 37. Qnxn Avey`vE` nv/1443, mb` nvmvb; wgkKvZ nv/1290| 38. Avngv`, ZveivYx, mb` Qnxn, Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/1290; gyQvbœvd Ave`yi ivhhvK, 2/247

c„t, mb` Qnxn; Bgvg eyLvix, RyhD ivdBj Bqv`v‡qb, c„t 18| 39. Qnxn Beby Lyhvqgvn nv/1097; Avjevbx, wQdvZz QvjvwZb bvex, c„t 180; dvZvIqv AviKvwbj

Bmjvg, c„t 350-351, drIqv bs-277|

119 120


Aóg Aa¨vq

cÖ‡qvRbxq `yÔAv mg~n Nygv‡bvi mgq `yÔAv

��= $�%�< �[ K��% �L�- 9�� T4(*��. D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v wem&wgKv Avg~Zz Iqv Avn&Bqv| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi bv‡g g„Zz eiY Kwi Ges Avcbvi bv‡gB RxweZ nBÕ|1 Nyg †_‡K RvMvi ci `yÔAvt

�% �� # ;�� = $% :�M&*� ��4(�* �# -�G.*�� K�Zp�*� �� =�*��< ��. D”PviYt Avj&-nvg&`y wjj−v-wnj−vhx Avn&Bqv-bv evÔ`v gv Avgv-Zvbv Iqv BjvBwnb byk~i| A_©t ÔH Avj−vn&i hveZxq cÖksmv, whwb g„Zz i ci Avgv‡ì‡K cybivq RxweZ Ki‡jb| cÖZ¨veZ©b ZuviB w`‡KÕ|2

Ih~i Kivi ci `yÔAvt Ih~i ïi“‡Z †Kej Ôwemwgj−vnÕ ej‡e| †k‡l wb‡gœi `yÔAv cvV Ki‡e| D‡j−L¨, Ih~i cÖ‡Z¨K A½ †aŠZ Kivi mgq wfbœ wfbœ `yÔAv covi eY©bv Rvj|3

��!* K�9��< �2�# 6�@ �l#�-�G� &'% �#�T h�%�< ��* �L ��D�h �i �2�# $�< rs� &i� ��*� ��&* .'% �#�T h�%. D”PviYt Avk&nv`y Avj−v Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqvn&`vn~ jv-kvixKvjvn~, Iqv Avk&nv`y Avbœv gynv¤§v`vb ÔAve&`yn~ Iqv im~jyû| A_©t ÔAvwg mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, Avj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb gvÔe~ †bB, wZwb GKK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB Ges Avwg Av‡iv mv¶¨ w`w”Q †h, gyn¤§v` (Qt) Zuvi ev›`v I ivm~jÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, †h e¨w³ Ih~i ci D³ `yÔAv c‡o Zvi Rb¨ Rvbœv‡Zi AvUwU ìRv Ly‡j †Ìqv nq, †h †Kvb ìRv w`‡q †m †hb cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡iÕ|4 Ab¨ nv`x‡Q Gi mv‡_ wb‡gœi `yÔAvwU †hvM Ki‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q,

�+ ��DET�\�O�-.*� �+� ��.(�; ��< �+ =��K�O*� �+� ��.(�; �� T4(*��.

1. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2382, c„t 208| 2. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/2382, 208 c„t, ÔmKvj-mÜ¨vq I Nygv‡bvi mgq Kx co‡eÕ Aby‡”Q`| 3. Bgvg gynv¤§v` web Avjx Avk-kvIKvbx, Avj-dvIqvB`yj gvRg~ÔAvn wdj Avnv`xwQj gvIh~ÔAvn,

(cÖKvkt 1978/1398), nv/33 ÔcweÎZvÕ Aa¨vq| 4. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ 39 c„t, nv/289 ÔcweÎZvÕ Aa¨vq|

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vR ÔAvjbx wgbvZ ZvIIqv-exbv IqvRÔAvjbx wgbvj gyZvZ¡nwnixb| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avgv‡K ZIevKvix I cweÎZv Aej¤^bKvix‡ì Aš—©fy³ Ki“bÕ|5

Avhvb †k‡l `yÔAvt Avhv‡bi ci ìƒ` co‡e AZtci wb‡gœi `yÔAv co‡et

�y�( =�U�>.*��< �y�( =�9�K.*� �'�#�-�G� �[{ �y�-�x��R.*� ��)*��< �y��O*� ��K @�#*� �2�MN �F�� T4(*�� #�@�< :�M&*� �'��3 K�- G� �l��R� ��.a�; ��< .

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ieŸv nv-whwn`& `vÔIqvwZZ Zv-¤§vn, IqvQ Qjv-wZj K¡-wqgvn| Av-wZ gynv¤§v`vwbj IqvmxjvZv Iqvj dvh¦xjvn, Iqve&ÔAvQ&û gvK¡-gvg gvn&g~`vwbj−vhx IqvÔAvËvn| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! GB cwic~Y© AvnŸvb I cÖwZwôZ Qvjv‡Zi cÖfy AvcwbB! gynv¤§v` (Qvt)-†K Amxjv bvgK ’vb I gh©v`v `vb Ki“b| Avcwb Zuv‡K †mB cÖkswmZ ’v‡b †cuŠ‡Q w`b, hvi Iqv`v Avcwb K‡i‡Qb| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô†h e¨w³ D³ `yÔAv co‡e wK¡qvg‡Zi w`b Zvi Rb¨ Avgvi kvdvÔAvZ IqvwRe n‡q hv‡eÕ|6

D‡j−L¨ †h, Avhv‡bi `yÔAv‡Z (1) �y�; =��D*� �y��#*��< (2) �3��; =�-.*� ��( b�� i �L�� evK¨ †hvM Kivi Qnxn †Kvb wfwË †bB|7

LvIqvi c‡i `yÔAvt

�� lD =�] �� -�;.~�%�< ��=�� * P�� T&(*�. (K) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ev-wiK jvbv dxwn Iqv AvZÔBgbv LBivg wgb&û| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Avgv‡ì GB Lv‡`¨ eiKZ w`b Ges Gi †P‡q DËg Lvevi LvIqvi eë ’v K‡i w`bÕ|8

��&(�* �# -�G.*�� @ �l� V�O C� �i�< ��3�K� �i�< Ñ��>.j� �D =�S �� =�� "��6� �l6E=�~ �lD =�a�" �l# -�$ . (L) D”PviYt Avj-nvg&`y wjj−v-wn nvg&`vb KvQxivb Z¡Bwqevg gyev-ivKvs dxwn| MBiv gvK&wdBwqb Iqvjv gyIqvÏvÔBb Iqvjv gym&ZvMbvb ÔAvbû ieŸvbv| A_©t ÔcvK cweÎ, eiKZgq Avj−vni Rb¨ mg — cÖksmv| Zvi †bÔgZ nÕ‡Z gyL

5. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/55, mb` Qnxn, wgkKvZ nv/289; BiIqv nv/96, mb` Qnxn| 6. eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/659, c„t 65| 7. Avjevbx, ZvnK¡xK wgkKvZ nv/659 UxKv bs 2; BiIqvDj Mvjxj nv/243-Gi Av‡jvPbv ªt, 1/260-61| 8. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3455, mb` nvmvb; Qnxn Beby gvRvn nv/3322; wgkKvZ nv/4283|

121 122

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ wdiv‡bv hvq bv, Zvi A‡šlY Z¨vM Kiv hvq bv Ges Gi cÖ‡qvRb †_‡KI gy³ _vKv hvq bvÕ|9

D‡j−L¨ †h, �+ =�-�( C��-.*� ��(�;��< ��R��9�< ��-�;.~% :�M&*� ��&(�* �# -�G.*�� g‡g© ewY©Z cÖPwjZ `yÕAvwU hCd|10

†ghev‡bi Rb¨ `yÔAvt

�T -�$ ��< �T�* D�>.S��< �T�O.�� - =�� T�* P�� T4(*��. D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v ev-wiK& jvûg dxgv iSvK¡Zvûg IqvM&wdi& jvûg Iqvinvgûg| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avcwb Zv‡ì‡K †h wiwhK cÖ vb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z eiKZ cÖ vb Ki“b| Zv‡ì cvcmg~n ¶gv Ki“b Ges Zv‡ì cÖwZ ingZ bvwhj Ki“bÕ|11

†ivMx †`Lvi `yÔAvt

�i �d��>��h �L!x��>��h &i� Id��>�h �i ��Z*� �B �% �� h��< ��*� �F�� .��6.*� �}�N.��%�l-�R�9 ��3��V��.

D”PviYt Avh&wnwej evÔm, ieŸvb bv-m, Iqvk&wd AvsZvk kv-dx, jv wkdv-Av Bj−v wkdvDKv wkdv-Avb jv BDMv-wì“ mvK¡vgv| A_©t Ô†n gvby‡li cÖwZcvjK! Avcwb G †ivM `~i Ki“b Ges Av‡ivM¨ `vb Ki“b, Avcwb Av‡ivM¨ `vbKvix| Avcbvi Av‡ivM¨ e¨ZxZ †Kvb Av‡ivM¨ †bB| Ggb Av‡ivM¨, hv evKx iv‡L bv †Kvb †ivMÕ|12

�� irs� Id��h .'�� z� K�T�~ ��.8 . D”PviYt jv evÔmv Zvn~i“b Bskv-Avj−-n| A_© t Ôfq †bB, Avj−vni †g‡nievbx‡Z Av‡ivM¨ jvf Ki‡e BbkvAvj−vnÕ|13 KziAvb †ZjvIqv‡Zi ci `yÔAvt ivm~j (Qvt) hLb †Kvb gRwjm I KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ †kl Ki‡Zb, ZLb wb‡gœv³ `yÔAv Øviv †kl Ki‡Zbt

�L =�*�� F K��%�< �P�D�> V�O 9�% �B �% &i� ��*�� i �P�# -�G��< �L��G 6�9. 9. Qnxn eyLvix nv/5458, wgkKvZ nv/4199, c„t 355| 10. hCd Avey`vE` nv/3850; ZvnK¡xK¡ wgkKvZ nv/4204-Gi UxKv| 11. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2427, c„t 213| 12. Qnxn eyLvix, wgkKvZ nv/1530, c„t 134| 13. Qnxn eyLvix I gymwjg, wgkKvZ, nv/1529, c„t 134|

D”PviYt mye&nv-bvKv Iqv wenvg&w`Kv jv Bjv-nv Bj−v AvsZv Avm&ZvM&wdi“Kv Iqv AvZ~ey BjvqKv| A_©t ÔcweÎZv mn Avcbvi cÖksmv eY©bv KiwQ| Avcwb Qvov cÖK…Z †Kvb Bjvn †bB| Avcbvi wbKU ¶gv cÖv_©bv KiwQ Ges ZIev KiwQÕ|14 Av‡qkv (ivt) e‡jb, GK`v Avwg ejjvg, †n Avj−vni ivm~j (Qvt)! Avcwb hLb †Kvb gRwj‡m e‡m KziAvb †ZjvIqvZ K‡ib A_ev QvjvZ Av`vq K‡ib, Avwg Avcbv‡K †`wL Gm‡ei mgvwß †NvlYv K‡ib GB `yÔAv Øviv| Gi KviY wK? wZwb ej‡jb, nüv, †h e¨w³ Kj¨vYg~jK K_v e‡j G¸‡jvi mgvwß †NvlYv Ki‡e wK¡qvgZ ch©š— Zvi AbyMvgx n‡e| Avi †h e¨w³ AKj¨vYg~jK K_v ej‡e, G kã¸‡jv Zvi Rb¨ Kvddviv ¯iƒc n‡eÕ|15 †KD `yÔAv PvB‡j Zvi Rb¨ `yÔAvt

W.��* P��< �l#�*�<�< ��(� ��.�� T&(*�� (K) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§vi hyK¡û gvjvI Iqv Ijv`vb IqA evwiK jvû| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Zv‡K ab-m¤ú` I mš—vb-mš—wZ Øviv wiwhK `vb Ki“b Ges Zv‡K eiKZ `vb Ki“bÕ| 16

eX��O =�\ @% ��- =�� * P��< �2�#�*�<�< ��*�� D�a."�% � �T&(*��X (L) D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v AvKwQi gv-jvû Iqv jv`vû Iqv evwiK jvû dxgv AvÔZ¡BZvû| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Zvi m¤ú` I mš—vb e„w× K‡i w`b Ges Zv‡K hv `vb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡Z eiKZ `vb Ki“bÕ|17

KvD‡K we`vq †Ìqvi `yÔAvt

W .�L�(�-�@ � =��K�]�< �L�O��%�< �L�� 3 Is� ��3 K�O 9%X D”PviYt Av —vIw`ÔDj−-nv ØxbvKv, Iqv Avgv-bvZvKv Iqv LvIqv-Zxgv ÔAvgvwjKv| A_©t ÔAvwg †Zvgvi Øxb, †Zvgvi AvgvbZmg~n Ges †Zvgvi Avg‡ji mgvwß ch©vq‡K Avj−vni Dci †Q‡o w`w”QÕ|18

e .�B �!"�� !� =�$ �D =�b.*� �L�*�D�C��< �L�6 �� D�>�S�< :�K.R�O*� rs� �P�3�<��X 14. Bgvg bvmvC, Avgvjyj BqvIgv Iqvj jvBjvn nv/308, `ªt bvmvC (êi“Zt `vi“j gvÔAvwidvn

1997), nv/1343-Gi UxKv `ªt, c„t 3/81| 15. Avngv` 6 LÊ, c„t 77, mb` Qnxn| 16. Qnxn eyLvix nv/1982, c„t..| 17. Qnxn eyLvix nv/6334, 6378| 18. wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/2435, mb` Qnxn|

123 124


D”PviYt hvIIqv`vKvj−-ûZ ZvKIqv, Iqv Mvdviv hvgevKv IqA Bqvmmviv jvKvj Lvqiv nvBmy gv KzbZv| A_©t ÔAvj−vn Zzwg Avgv‡K ZvKIqv Øviv f~wlZ Ki“b, Avj−vn †Zvgvi ¸bvn LvZvn gvd Ki“b, Zzwg †hLv‡bB Ae ’vb K‡iv Avj−vn †Zvvgvi Rb¨ Kj¨vY‡K mnRmva¨ Ki“bÕ|19 bZzb Puv` †`‡L `yÔAvt

�D�6."�% rs�� -�* �5� =�� K�O*��< �� 9��.*��< �y��C*��< �'��- ��.*��< �+ �8.*�� =�(�@ ��&(�N�% � �T4(*�� rs� �Lp��< �E�� D��< p}�G��.

D”PviYt Avj−v-û AvK&evi, Avj−-û¤§v Avwnj−vn~ ÔAvjvBbv wej Avgwb Iqvj Cgv-wb, Iqvm&mvjv-gvwZ Iqvj Bmjv-wg, IqvËvIdxwK¡ wjgv ZzwneŸy Iqv Zvihv ieŸx Iqv ieŸyKvj−-n| A_©t ÔAvj−vn me‡P‡q eo| †n Avj−vn! G bZzb Puv`‡K Avgv‡ì wbivcËv, Cgvb, kvwš— I Bmjv‡gi mv‡_ D`q Ki“b| Avi Avcwb hv fvjev‡mb Ges hv‡Z Avcwb mš‘ó nb, †mUvB Avgv‡ì ZvIdxK¡ w`b| Avj−vn Avgvi Ges †Zvgvi cÖwZcvjKÕ|20

So-Zzdv‡bi `yÔAvt

��NED�h +� �L��!� K�@�%�< �� B�(�9 �!% �� D =�]�< ��T =�� D =�]�< ��N�D =�] �L!*�8 9�% �E�� T4(*�� B�(�9 �!% �� ED�h�< ��T =�� ED�h�<.

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx Avm&AvjyKv LvBinv Iqv LvBiv gv dxnv Iqv LvBiv gv DiwmjvZ wenx Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgb kvi&winv Iqv kvi&wi gv dxnv Iqv kvi&wi gv DiwmjvZ wenx| A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbK‡U So I evZv‡mi Kj¨vY PvB, †h Kj¨vY Zvi g‡a¨ wbwnZ i‡q‡Q Ges †h Kj¨vY Zvi mv‡_ †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Q| Avi Avwg Avkªq Pvw”Q Zvi Awbó nÕ‡Z, Zvi wfZ‡i wbwnZ Awbó nÕ‡Z Ges †h Awbó Zvi mv‡_ †cÖwiZ n‡q‡Q, †m Awbó nÕ‡ZÕ|21 D‡j−L¨ †h, So-Zzdv‡bi mgq Avhvb †Ìqv m¤ú‡K© kviC †Kvb wfwË †bB| bZzb Kvco cwiav‡bi `yÔAvt

�D =�]�< �2�D =�] �L!*�8 9�% �� =�� K�C�" �B �% �# -�G.*� �L�* � �T4(*�� +� �L�� !� K�@�%�< ��* �u�� * �u�� ED�h�< �2ED�h.

19. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3444| 20. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3451; wmjwmjv Qnxnv nv/1816; wgkKvZ nv/2428, c„t 214, mb` Qnxn| 21. Qnxn eyLvix, gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/1513, c„t 132|

D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v jvKvj nvg&`y AvsZv KvmvIZvbxwn Avm&AvjyKv LvBivny Iqv LvBiv gv QzwbÔAv jvû, Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgs kvi&winx Iqv kvi&wi gv QzwbÔAv jvû|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! AvcbviB mg — cÖksmv| G †cvlvK AvcwbB Avgv‡K cwiavb Kwi‡q‡Qb| Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Gi Kj¨vY cÖv_©bv KiwQ Ges †h D‡Ï‡k¨ Bnv cÖ ‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q, ZviI Kj¨vY Pvw”Q| Gi Awbó nÕ‡Z cwiÎvY Pvw”Q Ges †h Awb‡ói D‡Ï‡k¨ Zv cÖ ‘Z Kiv n‡q‡Q, †m Awbó nÕ‡Z cwiÎvY Pvw”Q|22

bZzb ¿xi Rb¨ `yÔAvt

�� א��)��'&�%$#�"��!� ��.� �D”PviYt Avj−-û¤§v Bbœx Avm&AvjyKv LvBivnv Iqv LvBiv gv RvevjZvnv Avjvqwn Iqv AvÔEhyweKv wgs kvi&winv Iqv kvi&wi gv RvevjZvnv ÔAvjvqwn|

A_©t Ô†n Avj−vn! Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Zvi g½j PvB Ges Zvi †mB Kj¨vYgq ¯fv‡ei cÖv_©bv Kwi, hvi Dci Avcwb Zv‡K m„wó K‡i‡Qb| Avwg Avcbvi wbKU Avkªq PvB Zvi Awbó nÕ‡Z, †h Awbó w`‡q Avcwb Zv‡K m„wó K‡i‡QbÕ| Kcv‡j nvZ †i‡L ev Pz‡ji m¤§yLfvM a‡i GB `yÔAv cvV Ki‡e|23

evRv‡i cÖ‡e‡ki `yÔAvt

�L.(�-.*� ��* f��* �L ��D�h �i �2�# $�< rs� &i� ��*�� i w��$ �K�N�< �B =�-��< �� G�� # -�G.*� ��*�< zD ��#�� =�h 0 !" ��(�@ �K�N�< �D =�b.*� �2�#�=�� [ K�-�� i.

D”PviYt jv-Bjv-nv Bj−vj−-û Iqvn`vn~ jv-kvixKv jvû, jvûj gyj&Kz Iqv jvûj nvg&`y BDn&qx Iqv BDgxZy, Iqv ûqv nvBqyb jv Bqvg~Zz| weqvw`wnj LvBi“, Iqv ûqv ÔAvjv Kzwj− kvBwqs K¡`xi|

A_©t ÔAvj−vn e¨ZxZ †Kvb Dcvm¨ †bB, wZwb GK, Zuvi †Kvb kixK †bB| ivRZ¡ ZuviB, cÖksmv I ZuviB Rb¨| wZwb RxweZ K‡ib Ges g„Zy NUvb| wZwb wPiÄxe, g„Zz Zuv‡K ¯úk© Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| Kj¨vY ZuviB nv‡Z| wZwb me©kw³gvbÕ| ivm~j (Qvt) e‡jb, Ô†h e¨w³ D³ `yÔAv co‡e Avj−vn Zvi Rb¨ `k j¶ †bKx wjL‡eb, `k j¶ cvc †gvPb Ki‡eb, `k j¶ gh© v e„w× Ki‡eb Ges Rvbœv‡Z Zvi Rb¨ GKwU Ni ˆZix Ki‡ebÕ|24

22. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/1767, Avey`vE`, wgkKvZ nv/4342, 375 c„t, mb` Qnxn| 23. wZiwghx, wgkKvZ nv/2446, c„t 215, mb` nvmvb| 24. Qnxn wZiwghx nv/3428-29; wgkKvZ nv/2431, c„t 214, mb` nvmvb|

125 126

kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ kviC gvb`‡Ê gybvRvZ md‡ii `yÔAvt

�+ =��D�.R� ��* ��!" ��< ��MN ��*�D�b�9 ?�M&*� �'��G 6�9 f�D�6."�% rs�� f�D�6."�% rs�� f�D�6."�% rs�� K�6�(�R ��-�* ��E�� *�� < �+��< :�K�.R�O*��< �D�6.*� ��M�N ��D�>�9 �� L!*�8 C� �� T4(*�� f�'

�}�$��)*� �B �% � �T4(*�� 2�# ;�� *�K.~��< ��MN ��D�>�9 �� =�(�@ .'EK�N � �T4(*�� D�� -�;.*� �� 7��-.*��< � N8.*� �� !y�> =�(�b.*��< �D�>�C*� �� D�>�C�*� �d��a @�< +� �L��!� K�@�% �E�� T4(*

� N�8.*��< �7��-.*� �� }�(�R ��-.*� �d K�9�< �D�� -.*� �y��"�<. D”PviYt Avj−-û AvK&evi Avj−-û AvK&evi Avj−-û AvK&evi mye&nv-bvj−vhx mvL&Lviv jvbv nv-hv Iqvgv Kzbœv jvn~ gyK¡wibxb| Iqv Bbœv Bjv iweŸbv jvgysK¡wje~b| Avj−v-û¤§v Bbœv bvm&AvjyKv dx mvdvwibv nv-hvj wei&iv IqvZZvK¡Iqv Iqv wgbvj ÔAvgvwj gv Zvihv, Avj−-û¤§v nvweŸb ÔAvjvqbv mvdivbv nv-hv Iqv AvZ¡weÔjvbv eyÔ`vû| Avj−-û¤§v AvsZvm Qv-wney wdm mvdvwi Iqvj LjxdvZz wdj Avnwj Iqvj gv-j| Avj−vû¤§v Bbœx AvÔEhyweKv wgb IqvÔQv-Bm mvdvwi Iqv Kv-evwZj gvbhvwi Iqv m~Bj gysK¡vjvwe wdj gv-wj Iqvj Avnj|

A_©t ÔAvj−vn me‡P‡q eo (wZbevi)| H Avj−vn&i cweÎZv eY©bv Kwi, whwb GwU‡K (evnb) Avgv‡ì Rb¨ AbyMZ K‡i w`‡q‡Qb| hv‡K Avgiv AbyMZ Ki‡Z m¶g bB| wbðqB Avgiv Avgv‡ì i‡ei wbKU cÖZ¨veZ©b Kie| †n Avj−vn! Avgiv GB md‡i Avcbvi wbKU †bKx I ZvK¡Iqv cÖv_©bv KiwQ| Avi Avcbvi cm›`gZ Avgj Pvw”Q| †n Avj−vn! G mdi‡K Avgv‡ì Dci mnR K‡i w`b Ges Zvi `~iZ¡‡K Kwg‡q w`b| †n Avj−vn! AvcwbB Avgv‡ì GB md‡ii mv_x Avi cwiev‡ii Dci i¶K| †n Avj−vn! Avcbvi wbKU cwiÎvY Pvw”Q md‡ii Kó nÕ‡Z Ges md‡ii Kó`vqK `„k¨ nÕ‡ZÕ| mdi nÕ‡Z cÖZ¨veZ©bKv‡j m¤ú` I cwiev‡ii ¶q¶wZ I Kó`vqK `k©b nÕ‡ZI Avkªq Pvw”Q|

ivm~j (Qvt) hLb mdi nÕ‡Z cÖZ¨veZ©b Ki‡Zb ZLb wb‡gœi AskUzKz †ekx K‡i ej‡Zbt

K�6�x�� ' K�6�x�%�' <�#��$ ��E��D�* �' <�#��@ �'. D”PviYt Avwqe~bv Zvwqe~bv ÔAvwe`~bv wjiweŸbv nvwg`~b| A_©t ÔAvgiv cÖZ¨veZ©b KiwQ ZIev Ki‡Z Ki‡Z, Bev`Z iZ Ae ’vq Ges Avgv‡ì i‡ei cÖksmv Ki‡Z Ki‡ZÕ|25

25. Qnxn gymwjg, wgkKvZ nv/2420, c„t 213|

Dcmsnvi cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ msµvš— Av‡jvPbvi †kl cÖv‡š— G‡m ejv hvq, dih Qvjv‡Zi ci, C‡ì Lyrevi ci, g„Z‡K `vd‡bi ci Ges Ab¨vb¨ ’v‡b cÖPwjZ c×wZ‡Z mw¤§wjZfv‡e nvZ Zz‡j gybvRvZ Kivi wbqg Bmjvgx kvixÔAv‡Z †bB| gxjv`, wK¡qvg, k‡eeiv‡Zi gZ GB we`ÔAvZx cÖ_vI a‡g©i bv‡g mgv‡R Pvjy Av‡Q| G cÖ_v‡K Rv‡qh Kivi Rb¨ †h mg — eY©bv †ck Kiv nq †m¸‡jv meB Rvj, hCd I wfwËnxb| GgbwK AwaKvsk eY©bvi mv‡_ cieZ©x‡Z bZzb evK¨ †hvM K‡i †m¸‡jv‡K Rvj Kiv n‡q‡Q| †m¸‡jv ewY©ZI n‡q‡Q wbgœgv‡bi MÖ‡š’, wbf©i‡hvM¨ †Kvb nv`xQ MÖ‡š’ ewY©Z nqwb| GQvov G‡K wU‡K ivLvi Rb¨ KziAvb-mybœvni Ace¨vL¨v Kiv nq| AwaKvsk gvbyl eyS‡Z Pvq bv †h, ivm~j (Qvt) Bw — ‹vi QvjvZ `yÕGKw`b co‡jI †mLv‡b †h `je×fv‡e nvZ Zz‡j `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb Zv A‡bK nv`x‡Q ewY©Z n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ wZwb cÖwZw`b cuvPevi dih QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb, eQ‡i `yBevi C` c‡o‡Qb Ges Rvbvhvi QvjvZ mn Ab¨vb¨ êVK K‡i‡Qb cÖwZwbqZ | wKš‘ D³ ’vbmg~‡n GB cÖPwjZ gybvRvZ K‡i‡Qb g‡g© GKwU eY©bvI cvIqv hvq bv| ivm~j (Qvt) hw` GKw`bI Ki‡Zb ZeyI QvnvexMY eY©bv Ki‡Zb| †hgb Ab¨vb¨ welq eY©bv K‡i‡Qb| wØZxq K_v nÕj- m~h© I P›`ªMÖn‡Yi Qvjv‡Zi ci Ges Qvjv‡Zi g‡aÏ ivm~j (Qvt) mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb ZvI Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ| wKš‘ H GKB Bgvg-gy³v`x, GKB gmwR‡`, GKB wbq‡g w`‡b cuvPevi dih QvjvZ Av`vq K‡i‡Qb| A_P mw¤§wjZfv‡e `yÔAv K‡i‡Qb G g‡g© †Kvb cÖgvY cvIqv hvq bv| Av‡iKwU welq nÕj- Qnxn nv`xQ Øviv cÖgvwYZ Ab¨vb¨ Avgj¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© Ggb wØav-Ø›Ø †bB| wKš‘ kZ kZ eQi a‡i GB gybvRvZ wb‡q GZ mgv‡jvPbv †Kb? Gi Aw —Z¡ kixÔAv‡Z †bB e‡jB GZ wØav-Ø›Ø G‡Z †Kvb m‡›`n †bB| DcwiD³ welq¸‡jv GKUz Dcjwä Ki‡jB mKj mgm¨vi mgvavb n‡q hvq| G¶‡Y GB gybvRv‡Zi RgRgvU eëmv Pvjy _vKvi Ab¨Zg KviY nÕj, Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© aviYv †bB Ggb mvaviY wkw¶Z e¨w³ I Awkw¶Z gvby‡li AÜ fw³| `yÔAv-ìƒ` gyL ’ bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y Zviv Bgv‡gi mv‡_ 10/20 †m‡KÊ Avgxb Avgxb Kivi AvbyôvwbKZvi Avkvq PvZK cvwLi gZ †P‡q _v‡K| Avi g‡b K‡i GB gybvRvZB Zvi me wKQz c~iY K‡i w`‡e| †mB my‡hv‡M gxjv`x Abyôv‡bi b¨vq ûh~i‡ì webv c~uwRi eëmvI n‡q hvq| G Rb¨B KziAvb wk¶v Kiv, Zvi gg© Dcjwä Kiv, Bmjvg m¤ú‡K© Rvbv I †gŠwjK wk¶v AR©b Kiv, GgbwK mvaviY Bev`Z¸‡jv †_‡KI gvbyl `~‡i m‡i hv‡”Q| Kw_Z gybvRv‡Zi GUvB welgq dj| Gfv‡e Bmjvg‡K †mªd AvbyôvwbKZvi duv‡` Kiv n‡”Q| A_P Kw_Z GB AvbyôvwbKZvi mv‡_ Bmjv‡gi †Kvb `~iZg m¤úK© †bB| Bmjvg Bev`Z me© ^| Ab¨vb¨ wg_¨v a‡g©i b¨vq †Kej Abyôvb me© ^ bq| Avgiv gymwjg D¤§vni cÖwZ D`vË AvnŸvb Rvbve †h, a‡g©i bv‡g AmsL¨ †iIqvR Pvjy wQj, GL‡bv Av‡Q, fwel¨‡ZI _vK‡e| Avi †ewkifvM gvbylI Gi mv‡_ RwoZ _vK‡e Ges c_åó n‡e (Kvnd 103-104)| | AZGe, Avmyb! cweÎ KziAvb Ges Qnxn nv`x‡Q ewY©Z Avgj mg~n AuvK‡o awi Ges Rvj I hCd nv`xQwfwËK Avgj, wfwËnxb wbqg-c×wZ Ges Ab¨vb¨ mvgvwRK Kzms¯‹vi I †iIqvR eR©b Kwi| Avj−vn Avgv‡ì ZvIdxK¡ w`b| Avgxb!

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