Genus Oestophora Hesse 1907

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A new species o the genus estophora Hesse 1907Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Helicodontidae) romthe Upper Pleistocene o Mallorca Balearic

Islands, Western Mediterranean)

Josep QUINTANA, Damift VICENS Guillem X. PONSSHN

SOCIETAT D HISTORIANATURAL DE LES BALEARS

Quintana, J., Vicens, D. Pons, G.X. 2006. A new species of the genus OestophoraHesse 1907 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Helicodontidae) from the Upper Pleistocene ofMallorca (Balearic Islands, Western Mediterranean). Boll. Soco Hist. Nat. Balears, 9:51-58. ISSN 0212-260X. Palma de Mallorca.A new species of the genus Oestophora HESSE 1907 is described from the upperPleistocene of Mallorca (Balearic Islands, W Mediterranean). Initially, fossil specimensfrom Mallorca were classified as O. barbula RossMAsSLER 1838 since they displayed two teeth in the aperture. The characters that differentiate more clearly the new species from o barbula and other related insular species, all from the Plio-Pleistocene ofEivissa, Menorca and Sardinia are: 1 shell opening with a very extended palatal tuberele; 2) shell with an umbilicus very narrow (attaining only 1/7 of maximum shell diameter); and 3) shell keeled. The long period ofisolation ofthe Balearic Islands since themiddle Miocene and the drift ofthe Cirno-Sardinian massif during the Oligocene favoured differentiation and origin a new species on each island derived from the continentalancestors present in the east of the Iberian Peninsula and south of France.KeywoFl s: Helicodontidae, Oestophora, new species, Mallorca (Spain), upperPleistocene.UNA NOVA ESPECIE DEL GENERE Oestophora HES SE 1907 (GASTROPODA:PULMONATA: HELICODONTIDAE) DEL PLEISTOCE SUPERIOR DE MALLORCA (ILLES BALEARS, MEDITERRNIA OCCIDENTAL). En el present treball sedescriu una nova especie pertanyent al genere Oestophora HESSE 1907 procedent delPleistoce superior de Mallorca (Illes Balears, Mediterrania occidental). En principi, elsexemplars fssils de Mallorca havien estat classificades com a Oestophora barbulaRossMAsSLER 1838 en presentar dues dents en I obertura. EIs caracters diferencialsms clars que separen la nova especie d O. barbula sn l existencia d un tubercle palatal molt allargat, un llombrgol molt estret (1/7 del diametre major de la closca) i la closca aquillada. Aquestes caracterstiques no soIs diferencien aquesta especie d o barbula, sin tamb de la resta d especies insulars pertanyents al mateix genere, amb representants que es coneixen del Plio-Pleistoce d Eivissa, de Menorca i de Sardenya. EIllargperode d aillament de les Illes Balears des del Mioce mig i el desprendriment de lamicroplaca cimo-sarda Durant l Oligoce propicia, possiblement, l aparici de novesespecies a cada una de les illes a partir de les especies continentals presents en el Llevantde la Pennsula Iberica i el sud de Franya.PaTllllles clall Helicodontidae, Oestophora, nova especie, Mallorca (Espanya),Pleistoce superior.Josep QUINTANA, earrer Gustau Mas, 79-1er 07760 eiutadella de Menorca, IllesBalears (Spain), [email protected]; Damia VIeENS, Societat d Historia Naturalde les Balears, lMargarida Xirgu, 16 baixos, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, llles Balears


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52 Boll. Soco Hist. Nat. Balears, 49 (2006)

de les Balears, CI Margarida Xirgu, 16 baixos, 07011 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears(Spain); Guillem X PONS, Departament de Cencies de la Terra, Universitat de les IllesBalears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7 5; 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears(Spain); [email protected]

Recepci del manuscrit: 25-ago-06; revisi acceptada: 26-nov-06.

ntroductionThe genus Oestophora Hesse, 1907 is

now represented by ten species in theIberian Peninsula, North Africa and theAzores Puente, 1996). Several species havealso been described or cited for the plioPleistocene of Mallorca O. barbulaRossmiiler, 1838), Menorca (Oestophorasp) and Eivissa O. dentata Paul, 1984)Gasull, 1963; Quintana, 1995; Paul, 1984)

and Sardinia O. aff. kuiperi Gasull, 1966)Esu, 1978). f these four species, only o.

dentata has a c1ear taxonomic status andchorology. According to the figure in Esu1978), it is possible that the species foundin Sardinia is not o kuiperi recently synonymized with Suboestophora boscae[Hidalgo, 1869] which is endemic in theEastem part of Iberia [Martnez-OrtRobles, 2002]), or it is an undescribed.

o barbula is an Atlantic species mainlydistributed in the Westem halfof the IberianPeninsula Puente, 1996). Its presence in thefossil registry of the Balearic Islands can beconsidered as surprising, since most of thenative macromolluscs of the BalearicIslands are endemic Pons Palmer, 1996;Quintana, 2006a).

The first news on a fossil Helicodontidaein the Pleistocene of the Balearic islandswere by Gasull 1963), who studied sorneshells gathered by Joan Cuerda in the subsoil of Palma de Mallorca and Sa CalobraEscorca, Mallorca). These shells were ref

ered to O. barbula thanks to the presence oftwo teeth in the side shell aperture. Gasull1963) provisionally dated the specimens

from Sa Calobra back to the last interglacialperiod, during the upper Pleistocene.

Cuerda 1989), in its revision of the datapublished by Gasull 1963) on the depositsof the Balearic Pleistocene, listed O. barbula among the fossil terrestrial molluscsfound in the archipelago. Very recent dataare refered to a specimen found in thevicinity of Sa Pedra Foguera, wich wasc1assified as Oestophora sp. by VicensPons 2004).

From this point ofview, the existence ofa new terrestrial molluscan species from thePleistocene of Mallorca is more coherentfrom the historical and biogeographicalpoint of view, since the malacological faunaof each island has evolved of isolated waysfrom the middle Miocene Quintana,2006b).

MethodologyThe description of the new species isbased on two specimens collected by Joan

Cuerda in Sa Calobra Escorca, Mallorca)and one more recent collected specimenfrom Alcudia Mallorca). It has not beenpossible to locate the specimen found in thesubsoil of Palma de Mallorca mentioned byGasull 1963).

The three fossil specimens fromMallorca preserved in the Museu de laNaturalesa de les Illes Balears-Societatd Historia Natural de les Illes Balears -Palma de Mallorca, Spain) acronymMNIB-SHNB) have been compared withspecimens of O. barbula coming from Eiras


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J Quintana et al., A new species ofth genus Oestophora 53

(Goin, Pontevedra, Galicia), mount ofSanta Tecla (Vigo, Pontevedra, Galicia),Membrillo Alto (Zalamea la Real, Huelva),Setbal (Portugal) and Ribera del Sil(Mogote de Lemos, Len), O. silvae (Ortizde Zrate, 1962), from the Fuentona deRuente (Cantabria), o lusitanica (Pfeiffer,1841) from A Castieira (Monte derramo,Ourense, Galicia), O. dorotheae (HESSE1930) from Morocco and O. ortizi DeWinter Ripken, 1991, from Alhaurn de laTorre (Malaga).O. cuerdai sp nov, also has been compared with figures in Paul (1984), PaulAltaba (1992) and Esu (1978) respective1yof Oestophora sp from the Pliocene ofPunta Nati (Ciutadella de Menorca)(Quintana, 1995), Oestophora aff. kuiperi(sensu Esu, 1978) from the Plio-PleistoceneofSardinia and o dentata PAUL 1984 fromthe Pleistocene ofEivissa (Balearic Islands).The measurements of all the shells weremade with a digital caliper. The number ofwhorls of the shell was calculated afterRerbert Kilburn (2004). The inclinationofthe apertUre in re1ation to the vertical axisof the shell was estimated from photographs.

Geologic contextThe holotype of the new species comes

from a deposit of the upper Pleistocene witha well defined stratigraphic sequence, located in the north of the Serra de Tramuntana(Mallorca), on the slope facing the bay ofAlcudia. Rere the continental deposits areformed by aeolianites, silts and breccias(colluvial deposits) attached to theMesozoic and Miocene limestones. Theho1otype comes from 1eve1 D (see VicensCresp, 2003: p. 124 for additional detai1s).

The deposit of Sa Pedra Foguera can bedated b ck to the upper Pleistocene,although in the absence of absolute datings,it is difficult to establish in which isotopicsub-stage level D is included. In relativeterms, level D could be dated near the isotopic sub-stage 5d. Vicens et al 2006)describe two nearby deposits with marinefauna pertaining to this isotopic sub-stage,located below the continental deposits of SaPedra Foguera.

Systematic studyOrder Pulmonata Cuvier in Blainville 1914Family Helicodontidae Kobelt 1904Genus Oestophora HESSE 1907Oestophora cuerdai nov. sp.List of SynonymsOestophora Oestophora) barbula, Gasull,1963, non Rossmassler, 1838: Bollet de laSocietat d'Histria Natural de les Balears, 9(1-4),81-82.Oestophora barbula, Cuerda, 1989, nonRossmass1er, 1838: Los TiemposCuaternarios en Baleares, 243-244. Fig 5lm.13.Oestophora sp, Vicens, D. Pons, G.X.(2004): IV Jornades de Medi Ambient de lesIlles Balears. Ponencies i resums: 103.Holotype MNIB-SHNB-2791, from thevicinity of the pleistocenic deposit at SaPedra Foguera, leve1 D (Alcudia, Mallorca)(fig lA). Dimensions of holotype.Diameter: 9.66 mm; height: 4.69 mm; inclination ofthe aperture: 29.Paratypes Collection Joan Cuerda, MNIBSHNB-2792, adult shell, well preserved (figlB), diameter: 10.91 mm, height: 5.32 mm,


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54 Boll. Soco Bist. Nat. Balears, 49 (2006)

aperture inc1ination: 39; collection JoanCuerda, MNIB-SHNB-2793, juvenil shell,with part of the aperture missing, from SaCalobra Escorca, Mallorca, Illes Balears).Type locality: in the vicinity of the cave ofSa Pedra Foguera, leve1 D, formed by breccias with mainly centimetric c1asts in a reddish silty matrix, with potency between 1and 1.5 m. Other endemic snails are abundant. Next to o. cuerdai they appearIberellus balearicus Rossmassler, 1838),Tudorella ferruginea Lamarck, 1822),Xerocrassa frater Dohm Heynemann,1862), Oxychilus (Ortizius) lentiformisKobelt, 1882) and Chondrula sp.

Derivatio nominis: dedicated to the memory of our dear friend .loan Cuerda Barcel,distinguished quatemarist of the BalearicIslands.Diagnosis. Shell with sharper keel; shellopening with very long palatal tooth; nearthe aperture, the last whorl is narrower thanthe penultimate one.

A B

Differential diagnosis. o. cuerdai is clearly differentiated from of O. barbula by thenarrower mouth, which is less rounded andless inc1ined in respect to the vertical axis ofthe shell Table 1). The palatal tuberc1e islonger in o. cuerdai; the umbilicus and thelast whorl are proportionally narrower. Theshell has a sharper keel Fig. 1). Unlike ocuerdai, the profile of the shell in O. silvaeand o lusitanica is rounded, the umbilicuswider and the mouth has no teeth. o cal-peana and o. dorotheae have a keeled shellPuente, 1996) as it happens in o. cuerdai.

Nevertheless, neither of these two speciesdisplays denticulation in the aperture. O.ortizi and o granease Arrbola, 1998 display an umbilicus as narrow as that of ocuerdai. Nevertheless, neither species has akeeled shell or denticulation in the apertureDE Winter Ripken, 1991, Arrbola,

1998). o cuerdai differs from o dentata,Oestophora sp from the Pliocene of PuntaNati and Oestophora aff. kuiperi sensu Esu,1978 by the kee1ed shell, the last whorlbeing narrower than the penultimate and theumbilicus proportionally narrower.

e D E Fo Max.-Mio. X Max.-Mio. X Max.-Mio. XO. cuerdai 2 10.91-9.66 10.28 5.32-4.69 5.00 1/7 39-29 34 6 \1,-7 2O. barbula 68 12.39-8.76 10.77 5.92-4.10 5.08 1/4-1/5 48-35 43 5 l4-5 14 2O. dentata 1 12.50 - 6.3 - 1/3-1/4 46 - 5,5-6 1Oestophora sp 2 13.97-13.74 13.85 8.04 - 1/3 58-57 57,5 7-7 ?O. aff. kuiperi 1 8-9 - 4 - 1/3 ? - 5 o

Table 1. Conchological dimensions in mm) and characters of O. cuerdai compared with those of O. barbula andthe three fossil species: from Eivissa (O. den tata) , Menorca (Oestophora sp ) and Sardinia (Oestophora alf. kuiperisensu Esu, 1978), from our own data and from PAUL 1984) and ESU 1978). The diameter of the umbilicus andthe number of whorls of O. barbula come from MANGA 1983). In this species, the inclination of the mouth inrelation to the shelI vertical axis ofthe mouth is for 14 specimens. A: diameter; B: height; C: umbilicus diameter;D: aperture inclination ofmouth; E: number ofwhorls; F: number ofteeth.TIIIII L Dimensions de les closques en mm) i caracterstiques d O. cuerdai comparada amb O. barbula i the tresespecies fossils: d Eivissa O. dentata), de Menorca Oestophora sp.) i de Sardenya Oestophora aff. kuiperi sensuEsu, 1978), segons les nostres dades, aix com de Paul 1984) i Esu 1978). El diametre delllombrgol i el nom-bre de voltes d O. barbula ve don tper Manga 1983). En aquesta especie, el valor mig de la inclinaci de la bocaen relaci amb 1 eix vertical de la boca ha estat calculat a partir de 14 exemplars. A: diametre; B: altura; C: diam-eter de la guixa; D: inclinaci de l obertura de la boca; E: nombre de voltes; F: nombre de dents.


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J Quintan.a el al. , A new species oI ,he gen.us Oestophora 55

Fig. l. A: MN IB-SHNB-279 1, holotype of Oes/apllara cuerdai n. sp. frolll leve l O of lhe pleislocenic depos it al SaPedra Foguera (Alcudia, Ma llorca). She ll diameter: 9.66 mm ; B: MN IB-SHNB-2792, Pa ratype of Oes/ap llaracuerdai from the Pl eis tocene at Sa Calobra (Escorca, Ma llorca) . She ll di allleler: 10.9 1 mm; C: Oes/opllora barbula frOIll Eiras (Go in, Po ntevedra). She ll diameter: .95 mm.Fig. L A: MNIB-SHNB-279 l . lIala/ipus d Oeslophora cuerdai sp. Carrespol1el1/ al /li vell D del deposi/Pleis/acenie de So Pedra Faguera (A lcdia, Mallarca). Diame/re de la e/asco: 9 mm; B: MNIB-SHNB-2792,Para/ipus d Oestophora cuerdai del Pleis/ace de Sa Calobra Escarca, Mallorca). Diamelre de la e/asco: 10.91

: C: Oestophora barbula d iras Gaia ll . Pal1fevedra). Diame/re de la e/osea: 11 .95 mm.Oescription She lllenticul ar, formed by 6 2- 7 s ligthl y co nvex and slow grow ing,who rl s, separated by we ll -marked sutures.Last whorl kee led, narrower than penultimate . She ll surface wi th we ll defined, regularly spaced ribl ets. Lower side part of she llnear the umbilicus with less ev ident ribs.Umbilicus narrow, cy lindr ical, parti a lly covered by co lum e llar side of peri stome, itsdiameter 1/7 of max imum she ll diameter ofth e she ll. Aperture narrow with two tee th :pa lata l too th longer th an basa l. Teeth invis i-ble outs ide. Pe ri stome re flexed somewhatthickner in correspondence of intern a l teeth.

ln clination of aperture between 29 and 39in relation to vertica l ax is of shell.Distribution Spec ies endemi c of Ma llorca(Balea ri c rslands) (Fig. 2).

Biogeographical implications

The first representatives of the genusOestophora appea r in the lower Oligoceneof Europe and NW Africa, and are also present in the lower Miocene of France (Z ilch,1960; Rey, 1974. Oestophora sp has also


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J Quintana et al., A new species ofth genus Oestophora 57

cknowledgementsThe authors are grateful to the following

people, who gave important support: DrEmilio Roln (Sociedad Espaola deMalacologa), the colleagues and friends ofthe Associaci Catalana de Malacologia(ACM), Antoni Tarruella, Lluis Prats andManel Vilella, for the shipment of a specimen of O barbula; Dr Karl-HeinzBeckmann (Ascheberg-Herbem, Deutschland), Jos Ahuir Galindo (Mlaga),Antonio Rodrguez Arduengo (Cantabria)and Juan Sebastin Torres Alba (Malaga) forposting bibliography and specimens of several species of the genus Oestophora. Theinteresting comments by Dr J.R. Arrbola(Universidad de Sevilla) have helpedimprove the present workand the suggestions and english version of Dr EnricDescals (IMEDEA) and Eloisa Leon Moll(Ciutadella de Menorca). We are especiallygrateful to the anonymous referees for theirrevision of the original manuscript.

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Cuerda, J 1989. Los tiempos cuaternarios en Baleares.Conselleria de Cultura, Educaci i Esports,Direcci General de Cultura, Govern Balear.Palma de Mallorca 310 pp.

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Vicens, D., Cresp, D., Ginard, A., Gracia, F. Pons,G.X. 2006. Les coves litorals situades a lafranja costanera entre es Mal Pas i el Cap Gros(Alcdia, Mal orca)(2a part). Trobal a derestes de vell mari Monachus monachus) a lacova des Fonol Mari. Endins, 30: 87-100.

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