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we‡bv`b †K›`ª wnmv‡e b`x I Lvj:b`x I Lvj¸wj‡K †K›` ª K‡i M‡o DVv we‡bv`b †K›` ª AeKvk hvcb I mvgvwRKxKi‡Yi Av`k© ¯’vb wnmv‡e M‡o †Zvjv m¤¢e| we‡k¦i A‡bK ¯’v‡bB GB e¨e¯’v Pvjy i‡q‡Q| XvKv kn‡i avbgwÛ †jK I igbv †jK Gi Abb¨ D`vniY| GLv‡b †fvi †ejv †_‡K ïi“ K‡i ivZ ch©š— gvby‡li Avbv‡Mvbv| GLv‡b nuvUvnuvwU, e¨vqvg, †Ljva~jv, mvs¯‹…wZK Kg©KvÛ, Qwe AvuKv, mvgvwRK Abyôvb, mv¶vZ I gZwewbgq, ¶y`ª e¨emv, gvQ aiv, wkï‡`i Qz‡UvQzwU Ges eq¯‹‡`i AvÇv- me wgwj‡q bMi Rxe‡bi e¨¯—Zvi gv‡S †hb GKUz ¯^w¯—i RvqMv| A_P XvKv kn‡ii A‡bK GjvKvq Lvj _vKvi ciI c`‡¶‡ci Afv‡e mK‡ji Rb¨ GB myweav m„wó Kiv m¤¢e nqwb|

GKUv mgq eywoM½v b`xi cv‡o wewfbœ GjvKvi gvbyl †eov‡Z Avm‡Zv| b`xi wbg©j evZvm Gi cv‡o Nyi‡Z Avmv gvbyl‡K mRxe Ki‡Zv| b`x‡Z †bŠKv evBP †`L‡Z gvby‡li AvMgb NU‡Zv| b`xi cv‡o wQj nuvUvi c_| hv eZ©gv‡b G‡Kev‡iB AZxZ| b`xi cvo `Lj K‡i M‡o D‡V‡Q wewfbœ ¯’vcbv, cvwb‡Z cPuv `yM©Ü, AvR †mLv‡b gvbyl‡K Avi AvKl©Y K‡i bv, eis Gwo‡q †h‡Z eva¨ Ki‡Q|

b`x I Lvj‡Kw›`ªK gvby‡li we‡bv`b e¨e¯’v _vK‡j G¸‡jv KL‡bv aŸsm n‡Zv bv| wb‡R‡`i m y weav‡_ ©B gvb yl G¸wj msi¶‡Y bRi ivL‡Zv| jÛb, †Kv‡cb‡n‡Mb, e¨vsKK, Avg÷vW©vg Ges †fwbm cÖf„wZ kn‡i b`x I Lvj¸wji cv‡k we‡bv`b‡K›`ª M‡o †Zvjv n‡q‡Q| XvKv kn‡ii b`x I Lvj Gi cv‡o cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek wVK †i‡L gvby‡li nuvUvi c_ ˆZwi, emvi e¨e¯’v Kiv, e¨qvg I †Ljva~jvi myweav ivLvmn bv›`wbK †mŠ›`h©¨ m„wói gva¨‡g we‡bv`b‡K›`ª Mo‡Z c`‡¶c cÖ‡qvRb| wKš‘ G¸‡jv mwVK cwiKíbvi Afv‡e gvby‡li we‡bv`‡bi gva¨g bv n‡q iv¯ÍvNvU, gv‡K©U, gqjv-AveR©bv †djvi ¯’vb wnmv‡e cwiMwYZ n‡q‡Q|

†bŠ-†hvMv‡hv‡M b`x I Lvj:GKKv‡j XvKvi Af¨šÍixb †hvMv‡hv‡Mi cÖavb gva¨g wQj b`x I Lvj| kn‡ii evB‡i I †fZ‡i gvby‡li hvZvqvZ I gvjvgvj cwien‡b Lv‡ji ¸i“Z¡ wQj Acwimxg| eZ©gv‡b XvKvÕi hvbRU mgm¨v mgvavb Ges hvZvqvZ e¨e¯’v‡K

gv_ve¨v_vi KviY wn‡m‡e †`Lv w`‡q‡Q| A_P LvjwU e¨envi K‡i †bŠ-‡hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zvjv m¤¢e wQj| iv¯—v¸wj GKwUi m‡½ Av‡iKwU mshy³ Ki‡Z †bŠ-hvb PjvP‡j weNœ ˆZwi bv K‡i †mfv‡e weªR wbg©vY Kiv †hZ| GiKg D`vniY XvKv kn‡ii wewfbœ GjvKvq i‡q‡Q|

kn‡ii ZvcgvÎv wbqš¿‡Y ivLvi Rb¨ we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k Lvj, b`xmn Rjvk‡qi cvwb cÖevn †hb evavMÖ¯Í bv nq †m iKg D‡`¨vM †bqv n‡”Q| G‡¶‡Î `w¶Y †Kvwiqvi ivRavbx wmDj GKwU DrK…ó D`vniY| cÖvB‡fU Mvwo e„w×i Kvi‡Y m„ó hvbRU wbim‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ wmDj kn‡i lv‡Ui `k‡K kn‡ii ga¨ w`‡q engvb Lv‡ji Dci Av”Qv`b w`‡q †`vZjv moK wbg©vY Kiv nq| wKš‘ Zvi djvdj wQj m¤ú~Y© D‡ëv|

c~‡e© c‡i

Pwj-k eQ‡ii AwfÁZvq Zviv †`‡L‡Q †`vZjv moK wbg©v‡Yi ci cÖvB‡fU Kvi Av‡iv †e‡o‡Q, hv hvbRU mgm¨v‡K cÖKU †_‡K cÖKUZi K‡i Zz‡jwQj| †mB m‡½ †e‡o wM‡qwQj kn‡ii ZvcgvÎv| GRb¨ Zviv 2005 mv‡j †`vZjv moK †f‡½ wb‡R‡`i nv‡Z Pvcv †`Iqv LvjwU‡K Avevi Db¥~³ K‡i‡Q| †mLv‡b cyYivq ïi“ n‡q‡Q cvwb cÖevn| bMievmx GwU‡K wmD‡ji c~bR©b¥ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ Ki‡Qb| Zviv hvZvqvZ myweav cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ cvewjK cwienb e¨e¯’v‡K Kvh©Ki Kivi cvkvcvwk nuvUv I mvB‡K‡j PjvP‡ji myweav e„w× K‡i‡Q|

15

†hb gvbyl myweavg‡Zv gva¨g e¨envi K‡i we‡kl K‡i Dc‡hvMx cwi‡e‡k †nu‡U †÷k‡b Avm‡Z cv‡i| †bŠhvb¸wjI n‡Z n‡e wbivc` Ges †QvU †QvU, hv‡Z Aí hvÎx wb‡qB Qvo‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov †QvU †bŠhvb Lv‡ji Aí cvwb‡ZI mviveQi PjvPj Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

we`¨gvb †mZz¸‡jv XvKvi b`x Ges Lvj¸wj‡Z †bŠ-hvb cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ Av‡iKwU eo ûgwK| G †mZz¸‡jv h‡_ó cwigvY DPz K‡i wbg©vY Kiv nqwb| e„nr ¯^v‡_© †m¸wj †f‡½ cÖ‡qvRbvbyhvqx D”PZv wbwðZKiY mv‡c‡¶ cyYwbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e| mKj P¨v‡jÄ †gvKvwejv K‡i XvKvÕi Amnbxq hvbRU †_‡K RbmvaviY‡K gyw³ w`‡Z Z_v my›`i cwi‡e‡k euvPvi Rb¨ b`x I Lvjmg~n‡K msi¶Y I mPj Ki‡Z G¸wji mgš^‡q myôz †bŠ-cwienb e¨e¯’v M‡o †ZvjvB n‡e Avgv‡`i cÖZ¨vkv|

grm m¤ú‡`i Avavi b`x I Lvj:gv‡Q-fv‡Z ev½vjx GB cÖev` h_v_©| KviY evsjv‡`‡ki me©Î Rv‡ji g‡Zv Qwo‡q i‡q‡Q AmsL¨ b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cyKzi I Rjvkq| XvKv kn‡iI GB myweav we`¨gvb| XvKvi Pvicv‡ki b`x I Af¨š—ixb Lvjmg~n grm m¤ú‡`i Adziš— Avavi| hv Kv‡R jvwM‡q kn‡ii Awaevmx‡`i gv‡Qi †hvMvb †`Iqv m¤¢e| myjf UvUKv gvQ cÖvwß wbwðZ Ki‡Z Avavi¸wj‡K e¨envi Kiv n‡j cÖPzi gvby‡li Kg©ms¯’v‡bi my‡hvMI m„wó n‡e|

Kvh©Ki Ki‡Z kn‡ii Pvicv‡ki b`x Ges Af¨š—ixY Lvj¸wj GKwU Acvi m¤¢vebvi w`K| cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡`¨v‡Mi Afv‡e hv AvRI Kv‡R jvMv‡bv m¤¢e nqwb| mwVK c`‡¶‡ci gva¨‡g GB myweav Kv‡R jvwM‡q GKwU mgwš^Z cwiKíbvi wfwˇZ Kvh©Ki †bŠ-cwienb e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zvjv mg‡qi `vex| XvKvi hvbRU wbim‡b eûgvwÎK hvZvqvZ e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zvjvi j‡¶¨ XvKvÕi Pvicv‡ki b`x¸‡jv‡K Kv‡R jvwM‡q e„ËvKvi †bŠc_ Pvjyi wel‡q wewfbœ ai‡bi Av‡jvPbv I wKQy wKQy c`‡¶c cwijw¶Z n‡”Q| wKš‘ AMÖMwZ mvgvb¨B n‡q‡Q|

ïay kn‡ii Pvicv‡ki b`x e¨envi K‡i e„ËvKvi †bŠcwienb e¨e¯’v Pvjy Ki‡j mo‡Ki Dci wbf ©ikxjZv Kgv‡bv hv‡e bv| GRb¨ kn‡ii Af¨š ÍixY Lvj¸wj‡K b`xmg~‡ni m‡½ hy³ K‡i mgwš^Z †bŠ-†bUIqvK© M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| †Kbbv gvbyl XvKvi Pvicv‡k Nyi‡e bv, Zv‡`i‡K kn‡ii Af¨šÍ‡i GK¯’vb †_‡K Ab¨¯’v‡b hvZvqvZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

†m‡¶‡Î †h me Lv‡ji m‡½ b`xi ms‡hvM wew”Qbœ n‡q‡Q †m¸wj cybivq hy³ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Lvj¸wj D×vi, mviv eQ‡i hv‡Z bve¨Zv wVK _v‡K †mwU wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| Lvj¸wj‡K ci¯ú‡ii m‡½ hy³ K‡i gvby‡li hvZvqv‡Zi Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z wKfv‡e GKwU Kvh©Ki †bŠ-†bUIqvK© M‡o †Zvjv hvq †miKg cwiKíbv Ki‡Z n‡e| j¨vwÛs †÷kb¸wjI Kivi †¶‡Î hvÎx Pvwn`v we‡ePbvq wb‡Z n‡e,

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GLb ch©š— GB myweav wKQzUv we`¨gvb| w ek` AÂj c w iKíb v q †K v _ v q †Kv_vq Pvlvev` n‡Z cv‡i †m¸wj wPwýZ K‡i Zvi e¨envi wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ Lvj ev Rjvk‡qi cv‡ki RvqMv me‡P‡q Dc‡hvMx| hv‡Z mn‡R P vl ve v ‡`i Rb¨ c Ö ‡q vRb xq c v wb e¨envi Kiv hvq| Z‡e Pvl Ki‡Z Kg cv wbi c Ö ‡q vRb c‡o Ggb ai‡bi dm‡ji Dci ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

kn‡ii Af¨š—‡i ev Avkcv‡ki GjvKvq Pvl Kivi gva¨‡g UvUKv mwâ cvIqv hv‡e| `~i-`~iv š— †_‡K kvK-k wâ I wewfbœ ai‡bi ZiKvix Avb‡Z wM‡q A‡bK mgq K„lK I e¨emvqx‡`i ¶wZi m¤§~Lxb n‡Z n‡”Q| Av‡iKwU Pµ G¸wji cPb †VKv‡Z e¨envi Ki‡Q wewfbœ ai‡bi ivmvqwbK, hv ¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ LyeB ¶wZKi| nq‡Zv Gi Zvr¶wYK †Kvb cÖfve †`Lv hv‡”Q bv| wKš‘ †¯-v cqRb wn‡m‡e KvR Ki‡Q| GQvov `~i †_‡K G¸wj cwienb Kivi Kvi‡Y hvbevn‡bi fvov Ges Ab¨vb¨ Li‡Pi Rb¨ `vg †ewk co‡Q| †Z‡ji g~j¨ e„w×i †`vnvB w`‡q evov‡bv nq hvbevn‡bi fvov Avevi GB my‡hv‡M GKwU †kªYx `ªe¨g~j¨ evwo‡q †`q| myj‡f G¸wj cvIqvi Rb¨ kn‡ii Af¨š—‡i Pvlvev‡`i myweav ivLv cÖ‡qvRb|

Lvj ms‡KvPb I `~wlZ nIqvi KviYmg~n:Lvj msKywPZ nIqvi A‡bK KviY i‡q‡Q hv Avgv‡`iB m„ó| Lvj msKzwPZ nIqvi ‡ek K‡qKwU KviY wPwýZ n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ cÖavb KviY¸‡jv wb‡b¥ Zz‡j aiv n‡q‡Q|

mswk-ó AvBb mwVKfv‡e ev¯Íevqb bv nIqv: Lvj `L‡ji fqven cwiYvg wb‡q Avgv‡`i †`‡k A‡bK Z_¨ I cÖgvb i‡q‡Q| wKš‘ Dbœqb I ms¯‹v‡ii bv‡g †m¸wj `Lj n‡q hv‡”Q| hv Ôcwi‡ek msi¶Y AvBb 1995 (ms‡kvab 2010)Õ, Ôcwi‡ek bxwZgvjvÕ, Ô†e½j K¨v‡bj G± 1864Õ, ÔgnvbMix, wefvMxq kni I †Rjv kn‡ii †cŠi GjvKvmn †`‡ki mKj

†`‡ki e„nËg Rb‡Mvôxi e¨emv evwYR¨ GgbwK Rxeb I RxweKvi m‡½ Rwo‡q i‡q‡Q †`k Ry‡o Rv‡ji g‡Zv we¯—…Z nvIi-evIi, Lvj-wej, b`-b`x| GK mgq myRjv-mydjv evsjv ‡`‡k cÖevwnZ n‡Zv b`-b`xi Adzi šÍ Rjivwk| b`x I Lv‡ji cvwb gvbyl wbwð‡šÍ cvb Ki‡Z cviZ| Lvj-wej, nvIi-evIi cwic~Y © wQj gvQmn wewfbœ RjR cÖvYx‡Z| ‡`‡ki K…wl I grm m¤ú‡`i weKv‡k b`-b`xi wQ‡jv we‡kl Ae`vb| GKUv mgq XvKv kn‡i b`x I Lv‡ji gvQ w`‡q kn‡ii gvby‡li gv‡Qi Pvwn`v c~iY n‡Zv| eZ©gv‡b Lvj I b`x¸‡jvi `~lY Ggb Ae¯’vq †cuŠ‡Q‡Q †mLv‡b gvQ †Zv `y‡i _vK †Kvb RjR cÖvYx cvIqv fv‡M¨i welq|

G‡¶‡Î avbgwÛ †j‡Ki K_v D‡j-L Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖwZwU QzwUi w`‡b GLv‡b †mŠwLb gvQ wkKvixiv gvQ wkKvi Ki‡Qb| GwU ïay Avb›` ev Dc‡fv‡Mi welq bq eis Pvwn`v c~i‡YI h‡_ó f~wgKv ivL‡Q| ZvB Awej‡¤^ XvKvi Ab¨vb¨ Lvj Ges †mB m‡½ b`x¸‡jv‡K grm m¤ú‡`i Dc‡hvMx Avavi wn‡m‡e iƒc w`‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡¶c MÖnY Ri“ix|

Rxe‰ewPÎ I cwi‡ek i¶vq Lvj I b`x:gvby‡li wb‡Ri cÖ‡qvR‡bB Rxe‰ewPÎ msi¶Y Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| cÖK…wZi ¯^vfvweK Pµ wVK ivL‡Z cÖwZwU Rx‡ei ¸i“Z¡ i‡h‡Q| wKš— cvwbi Avavi ms‡KvPb I Gi ¸YMZ gvb bó nIqvq cvwb‡Z Aew¯’Z cÖvY‰ewPÎ AvR ûgwKi m¤§~Lxb| b`x I Lvj `Lj Ges `~l‡Y GKw`‡K Rxe‰ewPÎ asm n‡”Q Ab¨w`‡K XvKv kn‡ii cwi‡ek n‡q D‡V‡Q welv³| G Ae¯ ’ v †_‡K cwiÎv‡Yi Rb¨ Rjvkq¸‡jv‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡e| hv‡Z GKwU my›`i Rxe‰ewPÎc~Y© I cwi‡ek evÜe kni M‡o †Zvjv hvq|

K…wl I Lvj:XvKv kn‡i eZ©gv‡b cÖvq †`o †KvwU gvby‡li emevm| bMievmx K…wlcY¨ ev Lv‡`¨i Rb¨ ax‡i ax‡i Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvi Dci wbf©ikxj n‡q co‡Q| hv †gv‡UI wbivc` bq| †Kvb Kvi‡Y evB‡i †_‡K G¸wj Avg`vbx‡Z cÖwZeÜKZv m„wó n‡j GKwU fqven m¼U m„wó n‡e| ïK‡bv Lvevimn K‡qK iKg cY¨ hv gRy` K‡i ivLv hvq wKš‘ mwâmn wewfbœ KuvPvgvj †ewk mgq gRy` Kiv hvq bv| ZvB kn‡ii gvby‡li Lv`¨ wbivcËvq kn‡ii †fZ‡i Pvlvev‡`i my‡hvM ivL‡Z n‡e|

ev sj v ‡`k L vZIqvi x K … wl ‡Z 73%, M „n¯ ’ vj x‡Z 12% Ges wkí-KviLv bvq 2% cvwb e¨envi n‡”Q| D‡j -L¨ wkí -KviLvbvq mivmwi cvwbi e¨envi Kg g‡b n‡jI Gi KuvPvgvj Drcv`b I cÖwµqvKi‡b cvwbi e¨envi n‡”Q| GQvov wkí-KviLvbvi ivmvqwbK Rjvavi¸wj‡K `~wlZ Ki‡Q weavq c‡iv¶fv‡e G Lv‡Zi gva¨‡g cvwb m¼U m„wó n‡”Q|

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cvIqv hv‡”Q bv| ZvB Rjvavi AvBb mwVKfv‡e ev¯Íevqb Kivi j‡¶¨ A‰eafv‡e Rjvavi `Lj ev asmKvix evw³ I cÖwZôvb‡K kvw¯Í Ges Rwigvbvi †¶‡Î Av‡iv K‡Vvi n‡Z n‡e|

AvevwmK I evwYwR¨K feb wbg©vY:Lvj I Rjvavi fivU Gi ‡¶‡Î AvevwmK I evwYwR¨K wPšÍv fvebv my¯’fv‡e ‡eu‡P _vKvi AwaKvi Le© Ki‡Q| e¨w³¯^v‡_© Lvj I Rjvavi¸‡jv‡K fivU K‡i AvevwmK I evwYwR¨K feb wbg©v‡Yi bv‡g evwYwR¨K `„wófw½ KvR Ki‡Q| G¸‡jv fivU K‡i kn‡ii mKj gvbyl‡K Rjve×Zv, AwaK Zvc wbM©gbmn bvbv `~‡h©v‡M †djv n‡”Q| MZ †ek K‡qK eQi hver kni GjvKvq Dbœq‡bi bv‡g wewfbœ Avevmb †Kv¤úvwb XvKv kn‡ii b`x, Lvj I Rjvavi fivU K‡i Avevmb ˆZwi Ki‡Q| hv kn‡i Rjve×Zvi Rb¨ `vqx| G mKj wbg©vY †hgb Lvj I Rjvavi‡K msKzwPZ Ki‡Q Avevi kn‡ii cwi‡ek‡K Ki‡Q wec`MÖ¯’|

Avi hviv G mKj ¯’v‡b c-U ev d¬¨vU wKb‡Qb ZvivI cwiYwZ fve‡Qb bv| µqK…Z ¯’vbUzKz KZUv wbf©i‡hvM¨, GwU wK SuywKc~Y©? Gme cÖKí †h KZ©„c¶ Øviv Aby‡gvw`Z Zv‡`i `vqe×ZvI wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Avi cÖK…wZi Dci wbqš¿‡Yi e¨_© †Póv bv K‡i eis Zvi m‡½ mne¯’vb Kivi cwiKíbv MÖnY Ki‡Z

GjvKvi †Ljvi gvV, D¤§y³ ¯’vb, D`¨vb Ges cÖvK…wZK Rjvavi msi¶Y AvBb 2000Õ Gi my¯úó j•Nb| wKšÍ GwU NU‡Q AvBb I cÖkvmb Ges Rbmvavi‡bi †Pv‡Li mvg‡bB|

ÔgnvbMix, wefvMxq kni I †Rjv kn‡ii †cŠi GjvKvmn †`‡ki mKj †cŠi GjvKvi †Ljvi gvV, D¤§y³ ¯’vb, D`¨vb Ges cÖvK…wZK Rjvavi msi¶Y AvBb 2000Õ Gi 5 bs avivq ¯úó D‡j-L i‡q‡Q ÒcÖvK…wZK Rjvavi wn‡m‡e wPwýZ RvqMvi †kªYx cwieZ©b ev D³iƒc RvqMv Ab¨ †Kvbfv‡e e¨envi Kiv hvB‡e bv| †Kvb e¨w³ GB weavb j•Nb Ki‡j AbwaK 5 eQ‡ii Kviv`Û ev AbwaK 50 (cÂvk) nvRvi UvKv A_©`Û A_ev Dfq`‡Û `wÛZ Kiv nB‡e|Ó A_P AvR ch©šÍ GiKg †Kvb bwRi †`Lv hvqwb| hw`I GB kvw¯ÍUzKz h‡_ó bq|

Z‡e cwi‡ek i¶vi wb‡qvwRZ wewfbœ ms¯’vi Pv‡c mswk-ó KZ©…c¶ fivUK…Z RvqMv D×vi Awfhvb ïi“ Ki‡jI cieZ©x mg‡q †`Lv hvq Zv cybivq `Lj n‡q hv‡”Q| KviY †`vlx‡`i kv w¯ —i AvIZvq Avbv n‡”Q bv| GQvov wbqwgZfv‡e AvBb cÖ‡qvMKvix ms¯’vi avivevwnK ZrciZv bv _vKvq mydj

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†mw`‡KI †Lqvj ivL‡e| G welqwU Lvj I b`x i¶vq we`¨gvb bxwZ I AvB‡b ms‡hvRb Kiv I ev¯—evqb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| gqjv-AveR©bv:Lvj I Rjvavi msKzwPZ I fiv‡Ui ‡¶‡Î m‡PZbZvi Afve Ges mswk-ó KZ© „c‡¶i `vwqZ¡ Ae‡njvB g~j KviY| XvKvq †h KqwU Lvj i‡q‡Q Gi †ewkifvMB †bvsiv Ges AveR©bvi fvMv‡i cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| GKwU Pµ gqjv-AveR©bv †d‡j my‡KŠk‡j Lvj `Lj I fivU K‡i †`vKvb ev e¨emv Pvjy K‡i| wKQyw`b c‡i †`Lv hvq †mwU cy‡iv fivU K‡i eo eo feb wbg©vY Kiv nq| K‡Vvifv‡e GwU wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z n‡e| Gi m‡½ Rbmvavi‡Yi m‡PZbZv e„w×i gva¨‡g Lvj, Rjvk‡q gqjv AveR©bv †djv †_‡K weiZ ivL‡Z n‡e|

moK AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vb: hvZvqv‡Zi Rb¨ moK, weªR ev AeKvVv‡gv `iKvi| Z‡e Zv †hb cwi‡e‡ki ¶wZ bv K‡i †mw`‡K mRvM `„wó ivLv cÖ‡qvRb| XvKv kn‡ii hvZvqvZ e¨e¯’vq cÖvB‡fU Kvi‡Kw›`ªK `„wófw½ cÖwZwbqZ moK wbg©vY e„w× K‡i P‡j‡Q| MYcwienb e¨e¯’v‡K Kvh©Ki Kiv, nuvUv I mvB‡K‡ji myweav evov‡bv Qvov moK AeKvVv‡gv wbg©vY K‡i hvZvqvZ Pvwn`v c~iY Kiv m¤¢e bq| cvkvcvwk cÖvB‡fU Kvi wbqš¿Y Qvov cwi‡e‡ki wech©q †VKv‡bv hv‡e bv| Mvwo e„w×i m‡½ m‡½ Gi PjvPj I cvwK©s Gi Rb¨ †ewk †ewk RvqMvi cÖ‡qvRb co‡Q| hv b`x, bvjv, Lvj, wej I Rjvkq nvwi‡q hvIqvi Ab¨Zg KviY|

Lvj nvwi‡q hvIqvi Av‡iKwU eo KviY FY cÖ`vbKvix †Mvôx I miKvix ms¯’v¸‡jvi civgk©vbyhvqx wewfbœ cwi‡ek weaŸsmx cÖKí ev¯—evqb| Lvj fivU K‡i mi“ e· KvjfvU© wbg©vY, Lv‡ji Dci moK wbg©vY hvi g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg| G Kvh©µ‡gi mwµq mn‡hvwMZv ev Avw_©K †hvMvb w`‡q‡Q FYcÖ`vbKvix †Mvôx| †hgb e· KvjfvU© Gi g‡Zv cÖK‡íi gva¨‡g ‡m¸bevwMPv I gwZwS‡ji gv‡S ms‡hvM LvjwU wejxb nIqvq †mLv‡b weivR Ki‡Q gvivZ¥K Rjve×Zv| GQvov ZvcgvÎv e„w×mn cwi‡ek `~lY‡K cÖKU K‡i‡Q| †b‡g Avm‡Q Rb¯^v‡¯’¨i Dci Pig wech©q|

n‡e| †hLv‡b Rjvkq i‡q‡Q †mwU‡K ‡i‡LB Dbœqbg~jK Kg©KvÛ cwiPvwjZ n‡Z n‡e|

cvK©: KzwiwUev, eªvwRj

G‡¶‡Î eªvwR‡ji ÔKzwiwUevÕ kn‡ii D`vniY †`Iqv †h‡Z cv‡i| †mLv‡b GKwU GjvKv eb¨v cÖeY nIqvq cvwbi cÖevn ¯^vfvweK †i‡L cvK© ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q, cv‡k M‡o D‡V‡Q me‡P‡q `vgx AvevwmK GjvKv|

evoxi mvg‡biUv cyKzi, wcQ‡biUv †Wvev:†h †Kvb wKQz mvg‡b _vK‡j A_ev e¨envi Kiv n‡j Zvi Dci gvb y‡li bRi`vix _v‡K| wKš‘ wcQ‡b c‡o †M‡j †mwU nvwi‡q hvIqvi ev Ace¨envi nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| XvKvmn mviv‡`‡kB b`x I Lv‡ji †¶‡Î GB K_v cÖ‡hvR¨| †ewkifvM †¶‡ÎB †`Lv hvq b`x I Lvj‡K †cQ‡b †d‡j ¯’vcbv M‡o DV‡Q| †h Kvi‡Y AveR©bv I gqjv †d‡j fvMv‡o cwiYZ Kiv n‡”Q| Avevi †h me Lvj, b`x‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi Kvh©µg †bB †m¸wji `kv GKB iKg| Lvj I b`x‡K i¶v Ki‡Z n‡j ¯’vcbv wbg©v‡Y Aek¨B G¸wj‡K mvg‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb| Zvn‡j wbg©j evq~ †meb I `~M©‡Üi nvZ †_‡K i¶v cvIqvi ZvwM‡` gvbyl gqjv AveR©bv †djv †_‡K weiZ _vK‡e| Avi †Kvbfv‡e †hb `~wlZ ev fivU bv nq

23

Af¨š—‡i KZUzKz Pvwn`v, we‡`‡k ißvwbi Rb¨ †Kvb ai‡bi cb¨ wKfv‡e Drcvw`Z n‡e †mwUI wba©viY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| cwi‡ek aŸsm K‡i ïay A_©‰bwZK m~PK e„w× Kivi bvg ÔDbœqbÕ bq| gvby‡li my¯’fv‡e euvPvi Rb¨ Dc‡hvMx cwi‡ek eRvq ivLvUvB iv‡óªi cÖavb j¶¨ nIqv DwPr|

nvRvixev‡Mi GB LvjwU‡K DbœZ cqwb¯‹vkb

e¨e¯’vi bv‡g nZ¨v Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GQvov cwi‡ek weaŸskx Kv‡R miKvix ms¯’v¸‡jvi Revew`wnZv bv _vKv Ges cwi‡ek Awa`ßi, XvKv wmwU Ki‡cv‡ikb, ivRavbx Dbœqb KZ… ©c¶, XvKv Iqvmv, c~Z© gš¿Yvjqmn mswk-ó miKvix I ¯^vqZ¡kvwmZ cÖwZôvb¸‡jvi Kv‡Ri mgš^q bv _vKvq Dbœq‡bi bv‡g cÖvK…wZK I kn‡ii cvwb wb¯‹vk‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Lvj¸‡jv‡K †Wª‡b iƒcvšÍi K‡i eÜ Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvkvcvwk Lvj, †jK I Rjvkq `Lj K‡i, evjy w`‡q fivU K‡i d¬¨vU I c-U e¨emv Ki‡Q nvDwRs †Kv¤úvwb¸‡jv| mswk-ô KZ…©c¶ Gme wel‡q Rvbv ¯^‡Z¡I wbie f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| G‡Z K‡i †hgb Lvj msKzwPZ n‡”Q Avevi e„wói cvwb wb¯‹vk‡bi c_I evavMÖ¯’ n‡”Q|

Lvj I b`x `~lY:b`x I Lvjmg~n `~l‡Yi Ab¨Zg cÖavb KviY Kj-KviLvbv| gvby ‡li Kg©ms¯’vb I Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi Rb¨ Kj-KviLvbvi c Ö‡qvRb i‡q‡Q| KviLvbv wKfv‡e cwi‡e‡ki Rb¨ Kg ¶wZKi n‡e †m wel‡q †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e| bv n‡j Amy¯’ZvRwbZ Kvi‡Y Drcv`b Kg‡e Avevi ¯^v¯’¨ e¨qI e„w× cv‡e| †`‡ki

24

25 26

AvšÍR©vwZK AwfÁZv:we‡k¦i DbœZ †`k¸wj‡Z b`x, Lvj I Rjvkq¸wj‡K msi¶Y I ms¯‹v‡ii gva¨‡g engyLx e¨envi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| b`x, Lvj ev Rjvkq GKwU †`k ev kn‡ii Rb¨ KZUv cÖ‡qvRbxq Zv wewfbœ †`‡ki cwiKíbv †_‡KB eySv hvq| jÛb, e¨vsKK, Avg÷vW© vg Ges †fwbm DrK…ó D`vniY| Zviv Zv‡`i Lvj¸‡jv‡K cwiKwíZfv‡e †bŠ -PjvP ‡ji e¨e¯’v I gvby‡li we‡bv`‡bi Dc‡hvMx K‡i Zvi ¯^vfvweK MwZcÖevn wVK †i‡L‡Q| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i †`‡k Dbœq‡bi bv‡g Lvj¸‡jv‡K asm Kiv n‡”Q|

Lvj: Avg÷vW©vg, †b`vij¨vÛ

we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`k kn‡ii Lvj¸‡jv‡K hvZvqv‡Zi GKwU Ab¨Zg gva¨g wnmv‡e e¨envi Ki‡Q| A‡bK †`‡k mgy`ª †_‡K Af¨šÍixb e›`‡i RvnvR †cuŠQv‡Z Lvj e¨envi K‡i _v‡Kb (†hgb g¨vb‡P÷vi wkc K¨v‡bj)| GgbwK mgy` ª I gnvmvM‡ii g‡a¨I †hvMm ~Î ¯ ’ vcb K‡i †`q Lvj (†hgb cvbvgv Lvj, K¨v‡j‡Wvwbqvb Lvj)| kn‡ii ZvcgvÎv wbqš¿Y, Rxe‰ewPÎ msi¶‡Y Lvj¸wj †hb †Kvbfv‡eB `Lj I `~lY bv nq †m wel‡q mve©¶wYK Z`viwK e¨e¯’v Pvjy ivLv n‡q‡Q|

A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi bv‡g XvjvIfv‡e Kj-KviLvbv ¯’vcb K‡i ivmvqwbK wbM©g‡bi gva¨‡g b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej I Rjvk ‡qi cvwb `~wlZ Kiv n‡”Q| we‡`kx wewb‡qv‡Mi bv‡g †`‡ki we`y¨r, kªg, f~wg, cvwb e¨envi K‡i we‡`kx‡`i Rxeb hvc‡bi im` wK g~‡j¨, KZUyKz †hvMvb †`Iqv n‡e Zvi Rb¨ bxwZgvjv _vKv cÖ‡qvRb| Rbmvavi‡Yi ¯^v¯’¨ A_ev Rxe‡bi wewbg‡q †mwU †Kvbfv‡eB n‡Z cv‡i bv| †cvlvK wk‡íi K_vB †nvK ev G·‡cvU© cÖ‡mwms †Rvb-G †h me Drcv`b msµvš— KviLvbv i‡q‡Q A_ev †`kxq wkí-KviLvbv †_‡K †Kvb cÖKvi ivmvqwbK Rjvk‡q †djv bv nq †mwU wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| KZUzKz cvwb Zviv gybvdv Kivi Rb¨ e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e †m wel‡qI D‡j-L _vKv cÖ‡qvRb|

wkí-KviLvbv QvovI M „n¯’vjx I cqteR¨© Rjvk‡q †djvq cvwb `~lY n‡”Q| XvKv wmwU K‡c©v‡ik‡bi wnmveg‡Z, cÖwZw`b 10 nvRvi NbwgUv‡ii †ewk wkíeR¨©mn KuvPv evRvi I M„n¯’vjx Ges nvmcvZv‡ji eR©¨ mivmwi eywoM½vq †djv n‡”Q| Gm‡ei m‡½ i‡q‡Q bMixi †`o †KvwU gvby‡li cqteR¨©| G wel‡q mswk-ó KZ©„c‡¶i †hgb mywbwÏ©ó †Kvb bxwZ ev c`‡¶c †bB| Avevi bvMwiK‡`i w`K †_‡KI i‡q‡Q Pig Am‡PZbZv I D`vmxbZv| c-vw÷‡Ki †evZjmn wewfbœ ai‡bi AveR©bv Qz‡o †dj‡Qb mo‡K A_ev †Wª‡b hv wM‡q co‡Q b`x I Lvj¸wj‡Z| cvwbi †hvMvb wbwðZ Kiv I gvby‡li my¯’ _vKvi Dc‡hvMx cwi‡ek m„wó‡Z cvwb `~lY cÖwZ‡iv‡a Awej‡¤^ mwVK c`‡¶c MÖnY Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

27 28

mycvwik:1. Lvj-wej, Rjvkq e ¨env‡ii †¶‡Î evwYwR¨K `„wófw½ cwinvi K‡i

¯^v¯’¨ I cwi‡ek welqwU‡K ¸i“Z¡ w`‡Z n‡e|2. b`x-bvjv, Lvj-wej, cyKzimn me ai ‡bi Rjvkq i¶vq we`¨gvb

mswk-ó AvBb I bxwZgvjvi cÖ‡qvR‡b ms‡kvabmn I Zvi h_vh_ ev¯—evqb Kiv|

3. Lvj I b`x msi¶Y I ms¯‹v‡ii †¶‡Î Awaevmx‡`i m¤ú„³ Kiv|4. mwVKfv‡e b`x I Lvj¸wji mxgvbv wba©viY mv‡c‡¶ mvBb‡evW© ¯’vcb

Kiv|5. Lvj I b`xi g‡a¨ m„ó evav `~ixKi‡Yi gva¨‡g cvwbi cÖevn ¯^vfvweK

Kiv|6. `Lj I Av”Qvw`Z Lvj¸wj c~bi“×vi Kiv|7. GjvKvevmx, ¯’vbxq RbcÖwZwbwa Ges cÖkvm‡bi mgš^‡q Lvj I b`x

fiv‡Ui wei“‡× wbqwgZ Z`viwK e¨e¯’v Pvjy ivLv|8. wkí-KviLvbvi ivmvqwbK I eR ©¨ cqteR©¨ I evRvi Ges M„n¯’vjxi

eR©¨ Lvj I b`x‡Z †djv eÜ Kiv|9. fyMf©¯’ cvwbi e¨envi n«vm Kiv Ges f~-c „‡ói cvwbi e¨envi e„w×i

j‡¶¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq cwiKíbv I bxwZ cÖYqb Ges ev¯—evqb Kiv|10. e„wói cvwb msi¶Y I e¨env‡ii e¨e¯’v Kiv|11. b`x I Lv‡ji `yBcv‡o gvby‡li we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ nuvUvi e¨e¯’v ivLv|12. Lvj I b`x‡Z gvQ Drcv`‡bi e¨e¯’v Kiv|13. cÖvPxbZg kvLv I b`xi mv‡_ mswk-÷ Lvj¸‡jv D×vi I ms¯‹vi K‡i

†bŠ †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zvjv|14. b`x, Lvj, wejmn ‡h †Kvb ai‡bi Rjvkq‡K mvg‡b †i‡L ¯’vcbv

wbg©v‡Yi weavb Kiv|15. Lvj I b`xmn mKj Rjvk‡q gqjv I AveR©bv †djv †_‡K weiZ

ivL‡Z Rbm‡PZbZv e„w×i cvkvcvwk Rwigvbvi weavb Kiv|16. evsjv‡`k I cÖwZ‡ekx †`k¸‡jv‡Z cvwb msµvš— cÖKímg~n

h_vh_fv‡e c~Ytg~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Zv hw` cÖK…wZi Dci weiƒc cÖfve †d‡j Z‡e cÖ‡qvRb †ev‡a H cÖKí¸wj I Pzw³mg~n evwZj Ki‡Z n‡e|

Lvj ev Rjvkq¸‡jv‡Z †hb †Kvb cÖKvi `~lY ev gqjv AveR©bv †djv bv nq †m e¨vcv‡i K‡Vvi bxwZgvjv i‡q‡Q| nuvUv I we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ Lv‡ji `ycv‡k nuvUvc_, emvi e¨e¯’vmn bvbv ai‡bi myweav ivLv n‡q‡Q| hv‡Z gvbyl †mLv‡b Avm‡Z wbivcËv I AvKl©Y †eva K‡ib| BD‡iv‡ci wewfbœ †`‡ki miKvi Zv‡`i Lvj¸‡jv‡K ch©UK‡`i AvKl©‡bi I we‡bv`b Dc‡hvMx K‡i M‡o Zz‡j‡Q| Zv‡`i Lv‡j n‡iK iKg †bŠKv i‡q‡Q hv‡Z K‡i ch©UKiv Lv‡ji gva¨‡g kn‡ii GKcÖvš— †_‡K Av‡iK cÖvš— GgbwK GK kni †_‡K Ab¨ kn‡i †bŠ-hv ‡b †hvMv‡hv‡M Ki‡Z cv‡i|

Lvj: e¨vsKK, _vBj¨vÛ

e¨vsK‡K hvZvqvZ I gvjvgvj cwienb Gi †¶‡Î Lvj e¨envi n‡”Q| hv m¯—vq I Kg mg‡q hvZvqvZ Kivi †¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡Q| Avgv‡`iI †h Lvj¸‡jv i‡q‡Q Zv Kv‡R jvwM‡q †bŠ- †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v M‡o †Zvjv m¤¢e| †m‡¶‡Î Lvj ev Rjvkq hv‡Z gvbyl `Lj ev fivU bv K‡i Zvi Rb¨ K‡Vvi AvBb Ki‡Z n‡e| DbœZ we‡k¦i gZ Lvj, Rjvkq i¶v K‡i bMixi Dbœqb Ki‡Z n‡e|

2930

`xN©‡gqv`x mgvav‡bi Rb¨ RbM‡Yi mnvqZvq Lvj¸‡jv D×vi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| Avkvi K_v n‡”Q, XvKvi gvSLv‡bi ¸i“Z¡c~Y© †e¸bevox Lvj ms¯‹v‡ii KvR GwM‡q Pj‡Q| Avkv Kiv hvq, µgvbymv‡i XvKv kn‡ii Ab¨vb¨ Lvj¸wj D×vi I G¸wji g‡a¨ ms‡hvM ¯’vc‡b mswk-ó KZ©„c¶ D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡eb|

XvKv Iqvmv 2007 mv‡j Lvj †_‡K A‰ea ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡i Avm‡Q| ZvwjKvf~³ Lvj¸‡jv †_‡K ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv n‡jI cieZ©x mg‡q Avevi `Lj K‡i †mLv‡b ¯’vcbv ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| †mB D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡gi cÖwZ‡e`‡b Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ XvKvi Lv‡ji Ae¯’vb I weeiY wb‡gœ †`qv n‡jv|

KvUvmyi Lvj (iv‡qievRvi Lvj n‡Z ivgP›`ªcyi Lvj ch©šÍ):

KvUvmyi Lvj

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 1.20 wKt wgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 12 wgUvi cÖ¯’ KvUvmyi Lvj| 2007 mv‡ji XvKv Iqvmvi Lvj n‡Z A‰ea `Lj`vi D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g LvjwU‡Z A‰ea `Lj`vi D‡”Q` Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ 30wU KvPuv Ni, 22wU AvavcuvKv Ni, wZbwU †`vZjv `vjv‡bi Ask D‡”Q` Kiv nq| Z‡e Lv‡ji cv‡o GKwU feb i‡q‡Q, hv D‡”Q` cÖ‡qvRb| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU c~btLbb I cvo cÖ‡UKkb K‡i cÖevn e„w× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

XvKvi Lvj cwiwPwZ:¯^vaxbZvi c~‡e© GB kn‡i 47wU Lvj wQj| †ewkifvM Lv‡ji cÖ¯’ wQj 150 dz‡Ui †ewk| G¸‡jv e„wói cvwb avib I wb®‹vk‡b e¨envi nZ| ¯^vaxbZvi ci gvÎ wZb hy‡Mi e¨eav‡b ivRavbx XvKv gnvbMix GjvKvi A‡bK¸wj Lvj wejyß n‡q‡Q| †h¸wj i‡q‡Q Zvi †ewkifvMB msKzwPZ n‡q co‡Q| XvKv Iqvmvi wnmveg‡Z eZ©gv‡b XvKv gnvbMix‡Z 26wU Lvj i‡q‡Q| A`~i`wk©Zv I ivóªxq wbqš¿Y e¨e¯’v‡K D‡c¶v K‡i wKQz gvbyl gybvdvi wPš—vq Lvj¸‡jv fivU K‡i cwi‡ek I Rb¯^v‡¯’¨i Rb¨ fqven wech©q †W‡K Avb‡Q|

gnvbMixi we`¨gvb Lv‡ji Aw¯ÍZ¡I AvR ûgwKi gy‡L| G me Lv‡ji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q- gnvLvjx Lvj, evmv ‡ev Lvj, †e¸bevwo Lvj, Kj¨vYcyi Lvj, ¸jkvb-ebvbx Lvj, KvUvmyi Lvj, Beªvwngcyi Lvj, Avãyj-vcyi Lvj, evDwbqv Lvj, w`qvevwo Lvj, kvnRvnvbcyi Lvj cÖf„wZ| mwPevjq I †cÖmK¬ve GjvKv, dwK‡iicyj, cyivb cëb, kvwšÍbMi, wm‡×k¦ix, KvKivBj, weRqbMi, AvivgevM, Kgjvcyi cÖf„wZ GjvKvi cvwb †m¸bevwMPv Lvj w`‡q wb®‹vwkZ n‡Zv| Kv‡ji cwiµgvq †m¸bevwMPv Lv‡ji Aw¯ÍZ¡ ïay wejywßB nqwb, †mLv‡b M‡o I‡V‡Q wekvj wekvj `vjvb- †KvVv|

bMixi Lv‡ji BwZnvm AbymÜv‡b †`Lv †M‡Q, Kj¨vYcyi cÖavb Lv‡ji m‡½ Av‡iv 6wU Lvj msh y³ wQj| 1989 mv‡ji ci AcwiKwíZ bMivqb I †ec‡ivqv f~wg `Lj Zv wejyß K‡i‡Q| GQvov KvUvmyi, ivgP›`ªcyi, evBm †WwK, Beªvwngcyi, evDwbqv, Avãyj-vncyi, w`qvevox, cixevM, ivRvevRvi, iv‡qievRvi, nvRvixevM, Kvgiv½xiPi, †MvcxevM, †m¸bevwMPv, †avjvBLvj, kvnRvnvbcyi, wLujMv uI-evmv ‡ev, ajcyi, gvÛv, `w¶YMvuI-bw ›`cvov, mywZLvj, evÇv-kvnRvnvbcyi BZ¨vw` AwaKvsk Lvj wejxb n‡q †M‡Q Ges †KvbwUi Aw¯ÍZ¡ wejxb nIqvi c‡_| ¸jkvb, gnvLvjx I avbgwÛi Lvj¸‡jv †j‡K cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| ‡givw`qv I MRvwiqv Lvj cwiYZ n‡q‡Q Rxb© bvjvq| wLujMvI-ev‡mv‡evi ga¨eZ©x ¯’v‡b Aew¯’Z wS‡j ˆPÎ- ˆekvL gv‡mI cuvP-Qq nvZ cvwb _vK‡Zv| eZ©gv‡b ‡mLv‡b †bvsiv eR¨© wb®‹vk‡bi ms‡hvM †`Iqvq cvwb `ywlZ n‡q †M‡Q| evmv‡ev GK b¤^i cvwbi cv‡¤úi Kv‡Q cwjw_b e‡R¨© XvKv| wbqwgZ cwi¯‹vi bv Kivi d‡j gqjv R‡g A‡bK RvqMv fivU n‡q †M‡Q| XvKvi Rjve×Zv Zvr¶wbK mgvavb AšÍZ †Wªb¸‡jv cwi®‹vi Kiv, wKš‘ ¯’vqx I

31

†e¸bevwo-†givw`qv-MRvwiqv Lvj (ivgcyiv weªR †_‡K evjy b`x ch©šÍ):

†e¸bevwo-†givw`qv-MRvwiqv Lvj

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 6.50 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 19-60 wgUvi cÖ¯’ †e¸bevwo Lvj| 2007 mv‡j Iqvmvi D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g 20wU KuvPv Ni D‡”Q` Kiv nq| GQvov wewRGgB feb I Gi cv‡k †ijjvB‡bi av‡i wKQy ew¯Í i‡q‡Q| LvjwU nvwZiwSj cÖK‡íi Aax‡b msi¶‡Yi e¨e¯’vq †bqv n‡q‡Q|

ivgP›`ªcyi Lvj (ivgP›`ªcyi †gŠRv †_‡K Kj¨vYcyi cv¤ú †÷kb ch©šÍ):

ivgP›`ªcyi Lvj

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 2.94 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 18-30 wgUvi cÖ¯’ ivgP›`ªcyi Lvj| 2007 mv‡j 35wU KvPuv Ni, 1wU mxgvbv †`qvj, 1wU cvKv Nimn †gvU 37wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| LvjwU‡Z †gvnv¤§w`qv gyw³‡hv×v Kj¨vY mwgwZi wKQy ew¯Í i‡q‡Q| LvjwUi wKQy As‡k cÖvq gvS eivei wmwU Ki‡cv‡ik‡bi iv¯Ív i‡q‡Q| iv¯ÍvwU GK cv‡k ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i LvjwU cybt Lbb I cvo cÖ‡UKkb K‡i cÖevn e„w×i Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

32

3334

Kiv n‡q‡Q| D³ cÖwZ‡e`b Abyhvqx GB LvjwU †_‡K †Kvb ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` ev mycvwik Kiv nqwb| Lv‡ji †ewkifvM Ask `Lj n‡q †M‡Q, ZvB GwU‡K `Ljgy³ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

Avãyj-vcyi Lvj (evDwbqv-wظb Lv‡ji ms‡hvM¯’j †_‡K ZzivM b`x ch©šÍ):

Avãyj-vcyi Lvj

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 3 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 18-36 wgUvi cÖ¯’ Avãyj-vcyi Lvj| 2007 mv‡j Iqvmvi D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g 5wU gv‡Qi †Ni, 2wU iv¯Ív Acmvib Kiv nq| Iqvmvi KwgwUi ch © ‡e¶b I m ycv wi‡k ejv nq LvjwU‡Z †Kvb cÖ wZeÜKZv †bB| LvjwU c ~YtLbb I cvo Dbœqb K‡i cÖevn e „ w× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU †Wª‡b i“cvšÍi n‡q‡Q|

wLjMvuI, evmv‡ev Lvj (kvnRvnvbcyi, gv`vi‡UK n‡q wRivbx Lvj ch©šÍ):

wLjMvuI, evmv‡ev Lvj

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 2.173 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9-18 wgUvi cÖ¯’ wLjMvuI, evmv‡ev Lvj| Iqvmvi D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq K`gZjv GjvKvq iv¯Ívi cv‡k Lv‡ji MwZc_ n‡Z A¯’vqx wUb †mU 2wU bvgvR Ni AcmviY Kiv nq| LvjwU c~YtLbb K‡i cÖevn e„w× Ki‡Z n‡e|

kvnRvnvbcyi Lvj (kvnRvnvbcyi †ijI‡q †_‡K wLjMuvI-evmv‡ev Lvj ch©šÍ):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 1.91 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9 wgUvi cÖ¯’ kvnRvnvbcyi Lvj| 2007 mv‡j D‡”Q`Kv‡j 1wU evDÛvix †`qvj, 1wU IqvK©kc, 2wU †`vKvb D‡”Q` Kiv nq| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU Avevi `Lj K‡i msKzwPZ Kiv n‡qQ|

mywZ‡fvjv Lvj (Dj‡bi c~e©cÖvšÍ w`‡q muvZviKzj †gŠRv n‡q cÖevwnZ):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 3.68 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 15-20 wgUvi cÖ¯’ mywZ‡fvjv Lvj| 500 wgUvi Lvj fivU K‡i iv¯Ív wbg©vb Kiv n‡q‡Q hvi bx‡P cvBc †`qv n‡q‡Q| 2007 mv‡j Iqvmvi ch©‡e¶Y KwgwUi cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq LvjwU cÖvq 1 wK‡jvwgUvi BóvY© nvDwRs wjt KZ…K f~-Mf©¯’ cvBc jvBb wbg©vY K‡i fivU

35 36

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 1.26 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9-18 wgUvi cÖ¯’ Beªvwngcyi Lvj| D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g 2007 mv‡j †mwgcvKv Ni 8wU, wU‡bi Ni 34wU, B‡Ui †`qvj 7wU Ges 1Zjv eviv›`v 1wU †gvU 51wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| KwgwUi ch©‡e¶Y I mycvwi‡k ejv nq, Lv‡ji cÖvq 200 wgUvi ¯’v‡b 7wU eûZj feb I 2wU †mwgcvKv Ni i‡q‡Q| D³ ¯’v‡b Lv‡ji MwZ c_ AZ¨šÍ mi“| ivRDK feb¸wji cwigvc K‡i Aby‡gvw`Z b·v ewnf©~Z Ask jvj Kvwj Øviv wPwüZ K‡i‡Q| Abby‡gvw`Z Ask fv½vi Rb¨ †bvwUk Rvix Kiv nq| eZ©gv‡b D‡”Q`K„Z Ask c~Yivq `Lj n‡q †M‡Q|

wظb Lvj (†Mvovb PUevwo cv¤ú †÷kb †_‡K evDwbqv Lvj ch©šÍ):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 4.588 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ wظb Lvj| KwgwUi cÖwZ‡e`‡b D‡j-L Kiv nq D³ Lv‡j †Kvb A‰ea ¯’vcbv †bB Ges LvjwU †i¸‡jwUs cÛ wnmv‡e Av‡Q| Lv‡j †Kvb cÖwZeÜKZv †bB e‡j D‡j-L Kiv nq| wKšÍ m‡iRwg‡b †`Lv hvq Lv‡ji †ewkifvM AskB fivU n‡q †M‡Q|

evDwbqv Lvj (wgicyi 14 b¤^i †mKkb n‡Z wظb-Ave`yj-vncyi Lv‡ji ms‡hvM¯’j ch©šÍ)

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 8.82 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ evDwbqv Lvj| 2007 mv‡j D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡gi cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, LvjwU‡Z †Kvb A‰ea ¯’vcbv †bB| Z‡e e¨vcK nv‡i Lv‡ji Av‡kcv‡k wewfbœ nvDwRs cÖwZôvb bxPz GjvKv fivU KvR Ki‡Q| d‡j Lvj msKxY© n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| LvjwU cvwb cÖev‡ni Rb¨ Lbb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

Kj¨vYcyi cÖavb Lvj: Kj¨vYcyi cv¤ú †÷kb n‡Z ïi“ K‡i Kvdi“‡ji GKvsk ch©šÍ 3.57 wK‡jvwgUvi| GB Kj¨vYcyi Lv‡ji GKvwaK kvLv Lvj i‡q‡Q| 2 wK‡jvwgUvi `xN© GKwU kvLv ZvjZjv (†iv‡Kqv miYx) †_‡K g~j Lvj ch©šÍ, 2.56 wK‡jvwgUvi `xN© GKwU kvLv cx‡iievM †_‡K g~j Lvj ch©šÍ| †`o †_‡K `yB wK‡jvwgUvi `xN© Ab¨ kvLv¸‡jv g~j Lvj †_‡K XvKv-AvwiPv gnvmo‡K, wgicyi gvRvi, K…wl wek¦we`¨vjq, †k‡ievsjv bMi ch©šÍ cÖevwnZ n‡q‡Q|

†m¸bevwMPv Lvj (†m¸bevwMPv †_‡K Kgjvcyi Ask, Kgjvcyi †_‡K wRivbx Lvj Ask ch©šÍ):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 3.887 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9-24 wgUvi cÖ¯’ ‡m¸bevwMPv Lvj| 2007 mv‡j 24/we †ZvcLvbv †iv‡W wbg©vYvaxb fe‡bi Ask, 8/1/G †ZvcLvbv †iv‡W evDÛvix Iqvjmn †gvU 10wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| ch©‡e¶Y KwgwUi cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, Lv‡ji GjvBb‡g›U eivei †Kvb A‰ea ¯’vcbv †bB| †÷wWqv‡gi wbKU LvjwU msKzwPZ n‡q wM‡q‡Q| GQvov LvjwU c~YtLbb K‡i Lv‡ji cÖevn e„w× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

gnvLvjx Lvj (kvnxbevM †_‡K †e¸bevwo Lvj ch©šÍ)

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 2.22 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9-18 wgUvi cÖ¯’ gnvLvjx Lvj| 2007 mv‡ji Iqvmvi D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g 14wU KuvPv Ni, 2wU mxgvbv †`qvj Ges 7wU †mwgcvKv N‡ii Askmn †gvU 23wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU ‡ewkifvM Ask fivU n‡q hvIqvq msKzwPZ n‡q †M‡Q|

Beªvwngcyi Lvj (cyi‡bv Gqvi‡cv‡U©i ivbI‡qi DËi-c~e© w`K †_‡K KPz‡¶Z †ivW 14 b¤^i †mKkb ch©šÍ)

Beªvwngcyi Lvj

37 38

3wU mxgvbv †`qvj, 1wU Kvwb©kmn e¨vjKwb, 3wU wU‡bi Ni, †mwgcvKv 2wU Nimn †gvU 14wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` K‡i| KwgwUi ch©‡e¶‡Y ejv n‡q‡Q, Lvj †_‡K A‰ea `Lj`vi D‡”Q` Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Lv‡ji cÖvq 60% cvo jvBwbs Kiv Av‡Q| GQvov LvjwUi cÖevn e„w×i Rb¨ LvjwU cwi¯‹vi cÖ‡qvRb|

Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (O): 0.982 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9 wgUvi cÖ¯’ Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (O)| 2007 mv‡ji XvKv Iqvmvi Lvj n‡Z A‰ea `Lj`vi D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g 18wU †mwgcvKv Ni, 9wU wU‡bi Ni Ges 4wU †`vKvb †gvU 31wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` K‡i| KwgwUi cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, LvjwU A‰ea `Ljgy³ K‡i cÖwZeÜKZv Acmvib I Lbb Kiv n‡q‡Q| LvjwUi c~YtLb‡bi cÖ‡qvRb|

wgicyi nvDwRs Lvj (weAviwUGi wgicy‡i `w¶Y w`K †_‡K KPz‡¶Z ch©šÍ):

wgicyi nvDwRs Lvj

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 2007 mv‡ji Iqvmvi Lvj i¶v Kvh©µ‡g wgicyi nvDwRs Lvj Gi ˆ`N©¨ Ges cÖ¯’ D‡j-L Kiv nqwb| Z‡e KwgwUi ch‡e¶‡Y ejv nq LvjwU fivU K‡i iv¯Ív wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q| LvjwU Øviv Beªvnxgcyi, KvRxcvov I K‡jvbxi cvwb wb¯‹vwkZ n‡Zv| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU fiv‡Ui Kvi‡Y msKzwPZ n‡q †M‡Q|

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 2.256 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 18- 36 wgUvi cÖ¯’ Kj¨vYcyi cÖavb Lvj| 2007 mv‡j D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g 10wU Us Ni, 8wU cÖvPxi, †mwgcvKv Ni 8wU, †gvU 26wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| KwgwUi ch©‡e¶Y I mycvwi‡k ejv nq, Lv‡ji av‡i GKwU gmwR` Av‡Q| Lv‡ji cÖevn mPj| Ab¨ †Kvb A‰ea `Lj`vi †bB| LvjwUi cÖevn e„w×i Rb¨ c~YtLbb I cvo Dbœqb cÖ‡qvRb|

Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (K): 2007 mv‡j XvKv Iqvmvi D‡”Q` Awfhv‡bi cÖwZ‡e`‡b Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (K) Gi †Kvb ˆ`N©¨ ev cÖ¯’ cvIqv hvqwb| LvjwUi DRvb I fvwU Dfq w`‡K Rwg AwaMÖnY Kiv Av‡Q e‡j D‡j-L Kiv nq| Lv‡ji gvSLv‡b cÖvq 300 wgt ¯’vb e¨w³ gvwjKvbvaxb| d‡j H ¯’v‡b Lv‡ji cªevn AwbðqZvi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q| GQvov D³ ¯’v‡b Lvj Lbb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (L): 2.408 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 7- 12 wgUvi cÖ¯’ Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (L)| 2007 mv‡j Iqvmvi A‰ea D‡”Q` AvIZvq 5wU †`vKvb, 3wU Kv‡Vi ‡`vKvb, 1wU KivZ Kj, wU‡bi Ni 15wU, †mwgcvKv Ni 9wU, 1wU AvBmwµg I 1wU cwjw_b d¨v±ix, 16wU mxgvbv †`qvjmn †gvU 51wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| GQvov KwgwU cÖwZ‡e`‡bi mycvwi‡k ejv nq, †Lvjviev‡M LvjwUi cÖvq 250 wgt ¯’v‡b wmwU Ki‡cv‡ikb ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBc ¯’vcb Kiv i‡q‡Q Ges 12 wdU PIov iv¯Ív wbg©vY K‡i‡Q| d‡j LvjwUi cÖk¯’Zv e„w× K‡i c~YtLbb cÖ‡qvRb|

Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (M): 1.564 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9- 12 wgUvi cÖ¯’ Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (M)| Iqvmvi D‡”Q` Kvh©µ‡g 2007 mv‡j 6wU wU‡bi Ni, 1wU †mwgcvKv Ni, 2wU wU‡bi ‡eov, `yB Zjv evwoi AvswkK Ask, 5Zjv evwo 1wU, eviv›`v 1wU †gvU 12wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| ch©‡e¶Y KwgwUi cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, LvjwUi cvo jvBwbs K‡i cÖevn wbwðZ K‡i‡Q| †kIovcvov `vM bs-1146 †gŠRv †mbcvov ce©Zv nvB‡Kv‡U©i ixU _vKvq D³ ¯’v‡b jvBwbs nqwb Ges LvjwUi cÖevn e„w×i Rb¨ cwi¯‹vi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb |

Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (N): 1.783 wKtwgt ‰`N©¨ Ges 9 wgUvi cÖ¯’ Kj¨vYcyi kvLv Lvj (N)| GB Lv‡j 2007 mv‡j Iqvmv 1wU wiKkvi M¨v‡iR, 4wU UsNi,

39

wRivbx Lvj (mv‡q`vev` weªR †_‡K evmv‡ev ch©šÍ 1.75 wK‡jvwgUvi):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 5.50 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9-24 wgUvi cÖ¯’ wRivbx Lvj| 2007 mv‡ji D‡”Q‡` 154wU UsNi I †`vKvb D‡”Q` (hvi g‡a¨ GKwU ¯‹zj wQj) Ges 15wU †`qvj I fe‡bi ewa©Z Ask D‡”Q` Kiv nq| KwgwUi mycvwik cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, LvjwU‡Z †Kvb A‰ea ¯’vcbv †bB| GK cv‡ki Lvj fivU K‡i wWwmwm KZ…K iv¯Ív wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Lv‡ji cÖk¯’Zv e„w× K‡i Lv‡ji Dbœqb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU wewfbœ ¯’v‡b `Lj nIqvi d‡j fivU n‡q †M‡Q|

gvÛv Lvj (wRivbx Lv‡ji c~e©w`K w`‡q ajcyi-ivRvievM ch©šÍ):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 5 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 9-15 wgUvi cÖ¯’ gvÛv Lvj| KwgwUi ch©‡e¶Y cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, Lv‡j †Kvb A‰ea ¯’vcbv †bB| cÖvK…wZKfv‡e LvjwUi cÖk¯’Zv Kg| AwaMÖnY K‡i cÖk¯’Zv I c~YtLbb K‡i cÖevn e„w× cÖ‡qvRb|

nvRvixevM Lvj (nvRvixevM †_‡K Kvgivw½ Pi †ewoeuva ch©šÍ):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: 3 wKtwgt ˆ`N©¨ Ges 6-18 wgUvi cÖ¯’ nvRvixevM Lvj| 2007 mv‡ji D‡”Q‡` KuvPv Ni, †`vKvb, U¨vbvix KZ…K `Lj, †mwgcvKv †`vKvb, AvevwmK evwo BZ¨vw`mn †gvU 141wU ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| GQvov KwgwUi ch©‡e¶Y I mycvwik cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, 2 wKt wgt Lvj †_‡K A‰ea ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` K‡i Lbb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Aewkó 1 wKt wgt Lvj nvDwRs iv¯Ív wnmv‡e e¨eüZ n‡”Q| GB As‡k LvjwU c~btLbb K‡i cÖevn wbwðZ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| nvRvixevM Lvj

iƒcbMi Lvj (w`qvevox Lvj n‡Z iƒcbMi ch©šÍ): KwgwUi ch©‡e¶‡b ejv nq, iƒcbMi LvjwU wPwoqvLvbv †ivW †_‡K wظY Lvj ch©šÍ we¯—…Z| LvjwUi Avc óªx‡gi wKQy Ask wewmAvBwm K‡jvbxi wfZi w`‡q Ges evKx Ask BóvY© nvDwRs Gi iƒcbMi cÖ‡R‡±i cvk †N‡m wbgœvÂj n‡q wظb Lv‡j cwZZ n‡q‡Q| LvjwUi wKQy ¯’v‡b ew¯Í M‡o D‡V‡Q, †Kv_vI ¯^í e¨v‡mi f~-Mf©¯’ cvBc w`‡q Lvj fivU K‡i iv¯Ív wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q| LvjwU †Kvbw`b ms¯‹vi Kiv nqwb| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU GKev‡iB `Lj n‡q fivU n‡q †M‡Q|

iƒcbMi kvLv Lvj (K) (wcwm KvjPvi nvDwRs †_‡K i“cbMi cÖavb Lvj ch©šÍ): KwgwUi ch©‡e¶Y I mycvwik cÖwZ‡e`‡b ejv nq, wcwm KvjPvi nvDwRs G LvjwU‡Z A‰ea ¯’vcbv Dbœqb K‡i cÖevn msKxY© Kiv n‡q‡Q| Aewkó Ask iv¯Ívq wWwmwm ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBc Øviv iƒcbMi cÖavb Lv‡j ms‡hvM w`‡q‡Q| A‰ea ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` K‡i LvjwU ms¯‹vi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

iƒcbMi kvLv Lvj (L) (wcÖÝ Avqib d¨v±ix †_‡K iƒcbMi Lvj ch©šÍ): LvjwU †Kvb cwigvc cÖwZ‡e`‡b D‡j-L Kiv nqwb| Z‡e KwgwUi mycvwi‡k ejv nq, LvjwUi Avcóªxg bxPz Rjvf~wg| ga¨eZ©x ¯’v‡b ew¯Í I †QvU †ivW µwms KvjfvU© Ges WvD‡b wWwmwm ¯^í e¨v‡mi cvBc i‡q‡Q| ew¯Í D‡”Q` I A‰ea ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

iƒcbMi kvLv Lvj (M) (`yqvixcvov †_‡K iƒcbMi Lvj ch©šÍ): GLv‡b †Kvb cwigvc Kiv nqwb| LvjwUi Avcóªx‡g ew¯Í i‡q‡Q| WvDb óªxg bxPz Rjvf~wg| cÖevn wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ ew¯Í D‡”Q` K‡i Lvj ms¯‹vi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

iƒcbMi kvLv Lvj (M)

40

41 42

mvsevw`K K‡jvbx Lvj: 2007 mv‡j Iqvmvi D‡”Q` KwgwUi ch©‡e¶b I mycvwi‡k ejv nq, LvjwU Kvjwm †ivW †_‡K evDwbqv Lvj ch©šÍ we¯—…Z| Lv‡ji GjvBb‡g›U eivei †Kvb ¯’vcbv ‡bB| ga¨eZ©x As‡k wWwmwm cvKv †Wªb wbg©vY K‡i `yB cv‡k iv¯Ív wbg©vY K‡i‡Q| hvnv AcÖZzj| m¤ú~Y© LvjwU AwaK cÖk¯’Zv I MfxiZvq Db œqb Kiv c Ö ‡qvRb| nvDwRs GjvKvi ev wn‡i LvjwU e¨ w³ gvwjKvbvaxb Rwgi Dci w`qv cÖevwnZ n‡”Q| GB Lvj w`‡q cvwb cÖevn _vK‡jI Av‡Mi gZ Lvj cÖk¯’ bq| `L‡ji gva¨‡g LvjwU‡K msKzwPZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

mvsevw`K K‡jvbx Lvj

evBk‡UwK Lvj (wgicyi 19 †_‡K evDwbqv Lvj ch©šÍ 2 wK‡jvwgUvi):

eZ©gvb Ae¯’v: LvjwU c¨vwim †ivW †_‡K evDwbqv Lvj ch©šÍ we¯—…Z| Lv‡ji cv‡o ew¯Í Av‡Q| ew¯Í µgvš^‡q m¤cÖmvwiZ n‡”Q| Lv‡ji cvo Iqvmv KZ©„K jvBwbs Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges †ivW KvjfvU© wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q| f~wg AwaMÖnY K‡i cÖevn c_ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e e‡j ch©‡e¶Y KwgwU mycvwik K‡ib|

KmvBevox Lvj: GB cÖvK…wZK LvjwU DËiv AvevwmK Lvj nB‡Z DËi Lv‡bi wfZi w`‡q U½x Lv‡j c‡o‡Q| LvjwUi ms¯‹vi I c~YtLbb K‡i cÖevn c_ e„w× Kiv cÖ‡qvRb e‡j ch©‡e¶Y KwgwU mycvwik K‡ib| eZ©gv‡b LvjwU †Wª‡b iƒcvšÍi n‡q‡Q| LvjwUi Dci gv‡K©U I iv¯Ív ˆZwi K‡i aŸsm Kiv n‡q‡Q|

KmvBevox Lvj:

43 44

Kvgiv w½iPi Lvj (e y woM½v b`x †_‡K Kvj ybMi †gŠRv ch ©š Í 3.06 wK‡jvwgUvi):

†MvcxevM Lvj (†MvcxevM †_‡K evsjv‡`k e¨vsK ch©šÍ 0.75 wK‡jvwgUvi):

†avjvBLvj (eywoM½v b`x †_‡K m~Îvcyi, †MÛvwiqv, `qvMÄ, Iqvix n‡q `qvMÄ evRvi ch©šÍ Ask, Aci Ask wØZxq eywoM½v weªR ch©šÍ, †gvU ˆ`N©¨ 7.03 wK‡jvwgUvi):

†avjvBLvj

`w¶YMuvI-b›`xcvov Lvj (wRivbx-evmv‡ev Lv‡ji ms‡hvM¯’j †_‡K DrcwË, gvÛv Lvj n‡q †e¸bevwo Lv‡ji w·gvnbx GjvKv ch©šÍ 5 wK‡jvwgUvi):

ivRvievM-b›`xcvov Lvj (wRivbx-evmv‡ev Lv‡ji ms‡hvM¯’j n‡q ivRvievM-`w¶YMuvI n‡q †e¸bevwo Lv‡j w·gvnbx ch©šÍ 4 wK‡jvwgUvi):

bvwmiev`-b›`xcvov Lvj (bvwmivev` n‡Z b›`xcvov n‡q evÇv ch©šÍ 2.57 wK‡jvwgUvi):

¸jkvb-ebvbx Lvj (XvKv-gqgbwmsn †ivW/¸jkvb 2 b¤^i †_‡K gnvLvjx Lvj ch©šÍ):

†e¸bevwo Lvj (gqgbwmsn †ivW †_‡K ivgcyiv weªR ch©šÍ 4.44 wK‡jvwgUvi):

†e¸bevwo Lvj

w`qvev wo Lvj (Ave` yj-vnc yi Lvj †_‡K kni i¶v e u va ch ©š Í 4.34 wK‡jvwgUvi):

avbgwÛ Lvj (wgicyi †ivW †_‡K †nv‡Uj †mvbviMuvI‡qi `w¶Y w`K ch©šÍ 1.65 wK‡jvwgUvi):

cixevM Lvj (AvwRR †Kv-Acv‡iwUf gv‡K©U †_‡K avbgwÛ Lvj ch©šÍ 0.42 wK‡jvwgUvi):

ivRvevRvi Lvj (Bw›`iv †ivW †_‡K avbgwÛ Lvj ch©šÍ 0.50 wK‡jvwgUvi):

45 46

iv‡qievRvi Lvj

Dc‡iv³ Lv‡j Iqvmv 2007 mv‡j A‰ea `Lj`vi D‡”Q` Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Zv‡Z †`Lv hvq Iqvmvi wbqš¿Yvaxb 29wU Lvj †_‡K A‰ea ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Kiv nq| Lvj¸‡jv †_‡K A‰ea ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` Ki‡jI eZ©gv‡b Avevi `Lj n‡q †M‡Q| Lv‡j Avkcv‡ki evwo N‡ii AveR©bv †djvmn myqv‡iR e‡R©¨i Kvi‡Y Lvj Gi cvwb †bvsiv I `yM©‡Ü GjvKvi cwi‡ek bó n‡”Q| GQvov Lvj¸‡jv‡K Dbœq‡bi bv‡g †Wª‡b iƒcvšÍi Kiv n‡q‡Q| cixevM Lvj, ivRvevRvi Lvj, iv‡qievRvi Lvj, avbgwÛ Lvj, Kvgiv½xiPi Lvj, †MvcxevM Lvj, †m¸bevwMPv-AvivgevM Lvj, ‡avjvBLvj, `w¶YMvuI-bw›`cvov Lvj, ‡Mvwe›`cyi Lvj, evmv‡ev Lvj, ¸jkvb-ebvbx Lvj¸‡jvi g‡a¨ †ewkifvMB wWwmwm iv¯Ív wbg©vY K‡i‡Q ev wewfbœfv‡e `Lj n‡q asm Kiv n‡q‡Q|

b›`xcvov-w·gvnbx Lvj (b›`xcvov †_‡K w·gvnbx ch©šÍ 0.73 wK‡jvwgUvi):

e vÇv-kvnRv`c yi Lvj (c ÖM wZ miwY †_‡K m y wZ‡fvjv Lvj ch ©š Í 2 wK‡jvwgUvi):

evÇv-kvnRv`cyi Lvj

Wygwb Lvj (W ygwb †_‡K K u vVvjw`qv †gŠRv n‡q evj y b`x ch ©š Í 4.83 wK‡jvwgUvi):

†evqvwjqv Lvj (ei“qv †gŠRv †_‡K evD_vi †gŠRv ch©šÍ 2.02 wK‡jvwgUvi| GwU evD_vi Lvj bv‡gI cwiwPZ):

†Mvwe›`cyi Lvj (evD_vi †_‡K evjy b`x ch©šÍ 2 wK‡jvwgUvi):

iv‡qievRvi Lvj (avbgwÛ ga yevRvi †_‡K K u vUvm yi Lvj ch ©š Í 2.10 wK‡jvwgUvi):

47

†hgb cvš’c‡_i wcPXvjv mo‡Ki wb‡P Pvcv c‡o Av‡Q GKwU wekvj Lvj I Rjvf~wg| †hLv‡b avbgwÛ Lvj w`‡q GB GjvKvi cvwb wb¯‹vwmZ n‡q cvš’c_ n‡q †e¸bevwo Lv‡j coZ| el©vq cvš’c_ Lv‡j muvZvi †K‡U Gcvi †_‡K Icvi hvIqv Lye mnR wQj bv| AvaywbKZvi bv‡g cvš’c‡_ eZ©gv‡b moK I eo eo AÆvwjKvi mvg‡b `vwo‡q fvevB hvq bv GLv‡b GK mgq †bŠKv PjvPj Ki‡Zv ev muvZvi KvUv †hZ|

GK mgq cwiev‡Mi GB Lv‡j †bŠKv PjvPj Ki‡Zv|

cÖvq GK hyM Av‡M kvnevM †_‡K DrcwË n‡q eo gMevRvi ch©šÍ cixevM Lvj, KvUvmyi Lvj n‡Z DrcwË n‡q mivB Rvdivev` I myjZvbMÄ †gŠRvi Ici w`‡q cÖevwnZ n‡q iv‡qievRv‡ii †eoxeuva ch©šÍ iv‡qievRvi Lvj, weRqbMi cvwbi U¨vsK †_‡K evsjv‡`k e¨vsK ch©šÍ AvivgevM Lvj Ges †MvcxevM †_‡K DrcwË n‡q evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki ‡cQb w`‡q AvivgevM Lvj ch©šÍ †MvcxevM Lvj wQj| bMi KZ…c‡¶i mwVK cwiKíbvi Afv‡e mg‡qi e¨eav‡b Lvj¸‡jv mo‡K cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| ivRvevRvi Lvj (ivRvevRvi cwðg cvk ‡_‡K †nv‡Uj my›`ieb ch©šÍ), †avjvBLvj-1 (wØZxq eywoM½v †mZz †_‡K DrcwË n‡q †avjvB Lvj-2 ch©š Í), †avjvB Lvj-2 (ey woM½v b`x n‡Z DrcwË n‡q m~Îvcyi, †MÛvwiqv, `qvMÄ, Iqvwi kni XvKv †gŠRv (cyivb) n‡q `qvMÄ evRvi ch©šÍ), avbgwÛ Lvj, b›`xcvov-w·gvnbx Lv‡j e· KvjfvU© wbg©vY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

ivgP›`ªcyi Lvj GKKv‡j wekvj GB LvjwUi ey‡K M‡o D‡V‡Q wekvj AÆvwjKv

XvKvi nvwi‡q hvIqv Lvj:AvaywbKZvi bv‡g XvKv kn‡ii †ek wKQy Lvj KvM‡R Kj‡g _vK‡jI G¸‡jvi wPü gvÎI †bB| Avi †h¸‡jv Av‡Q Zvi Ae¯’v Avgiv mevB Rvwb| kvnevM †_‡K gMevRvi ch©šÍ Lvj wQj, XvKv Iqvmvi gvbwP‡Î Gi bvg cixevM Lvj| Z‡e †mLv‡b GLb †M‡j Lv‡ji †Kvb wPý cvIqv hv‡e bv| †mLv‡b GLb †mvbviMuvI moK|

ÔLv‡ji Ici w`qv iv¯Ív evbvB‡Q, Lvj _vK‡j eis fv‡jv wQj| Lv‡ji `yBavi w`qv †`vKvbcvU-evwoNi DV‡Zv| †Kvb mgm¨v nB‡Zv bvÕ ej‡jb mo‡Ki cv‡ki Pv †`vKvwb †gvnv¤§v` kvn Avjg, wZwb MZ 15 eQi a‡i †mLv‡b †`vKvb Pvjv‡”Qb| Gi Av‡M †mLv‡b Lvj †`‡L‡Qb wZwb| cixevM Lv‡ji gZB wbwðý n‡q †M‡Q XvKvi A‡bK Lvj|

cixevM, †avjvBLvj, iv‡qievRvi, AvivgevM, †MvcxevM, †m¸bevwMPv †Mvwe›`cyi, KvVvj evMvb, bvwi›`v, avbgwÛ Lv‡ji †Kv‡bv Aw¯ÍZ¡B GLb †bB|

48

4950

`w¶Y Kgjvcyi e· KvjfvU© K‡i GLv‡b moK ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†m¸bevwMPv, AvivgevM, †MvcxevM GjvKvi eZ©gvb cÖR‡b¥i Kv‡Q GB Lvj wb‡q Rvb‡Z PvB‡j Zviv GB GjvKvq Lvj wQj KíbvB Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| †m¸bevwMPvq GK Jlya Gi †`vKv‡b wM‡q Rvbv hvq, Zv‡`i †h †`vKvbwU Gi mvg‡bi iv¯Ívq GK mgq Lvj wQj|

`w¶Y Kgjvcyi e· KvjfvU© †ivW Gi ¯’vbxq evwm›`v AvRMi Avjx e‡jb, ÒGnv‡b GK mgq Lvj wQj| Lv‡j Avgiv gvQ aiwQ, wKš‘ Gnb GBLv‡b e· KvjfvU© nB‡Q, iv¯Ív nB‡Q, gv‡S gv‡S KvjfvU© Gi wb‡P M¨vm RBgv †ev‡gi AvIqvR Gi g‡Zv ev÷ nq| Gi Kvi‡b ¯-v‡ci cv‡ki †`vKvbcv‡Ui ¶wZ nq| GB Lv‡j e· bv KBiv Lvwj ivL‡j fv‡jv nB‡Zv|Ó

.

†m¸bevwMPvi Lvj eZ©gv‡b GLv‡b iv¯Ív I emwZ

eZ©gvb grm feb †_‡K †m¸bevwMPv gmwR` n‡q weRqbMi, cyivbv cëb w`‡q AvivgevM, bUi‡Wg K‡jR Gi wcQb w`‡q ˆ`wbK hyMvšÍi n‡q evsjv‡`k e¨vsK Gi †cQb w`‡q `w¶Y Kgjvcyi n‡q †MvcxevM ch©šÍ `xN© GKwU Lvj wQj hv eZ©gv‡b e· KvjfvU© ˆZwi K‡i iv¯Ív Kiv n‡q‡Q| m‡iRwg‡b †`Lv hvq, eZ©gv‡b GB `xN© Lv‡ji †k‡li As‡k mvgvb¨ Lv‡ji Aw¯ÍZ¡ cvIqv hvq †hLv‡b eZ©gv‡b XvKv Iqvmv †m¸bevwMPv Lvj bv‡g mvBb †evW© i‡q‡Q| †hLvb †_‡K el©v †gŠmy‡g A‡bK¸‡jv cv‡¤úi mvnv‡h¨ kn‡ii cvwb wb¯‹vkb K‡i gvÛv, gvwbKbMi wbgœv‡j wM‡q c‡o|

51 52

`qvM‡Äi GB Lv‡j eZ©gv‡b moK ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†KD wK ej‡e GLv‡b †Kvb GK mgq Lvj wQj?

†avjvBLvj Gi GKwU kvLv wQj `qvMÄ †_‡K hvÎvevox n‡q mvq`vev` eªxR w`‡q ajcyi w`‡q wWGbwW A‡ji wbb¥ GjvKvi mv‡_ wg‡k‡Q| †hwU ajcyi Lvjcvo wnmv‡e cwiwPZ| eZ©gv‡b †mLv‡b XvKv wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb iv¯Ív ˆZwi K‡i‡Q| MZ 10/12 eQi Av‡MI GLv‡b Lvj wQj| A‡b‡K H GjvKvi eZ©gvb Rjve×Zvi Rb¨ Lvj fivU K‡i moK ˆZwi‡K `vqx Ki‡Qb| XvKv kn‡i †ewkifvM nvwi‡q hvIqv Lv‡ji Dci e· KvjfvU© ˆZwi K‡i moK ˆZwi K‡i‡Q XvKv wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb| GB Lvj as‡mi d‡j mswk-ô GjvKv¸‡jv‡Z wK weiƒc cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i Zv KL‡bv Zviv wPš‘ K‡ibwb| ZvB eZ©gv‡b †h Lvj¸‡jv i‡q‡Q G¸‡jv i¶vi `vwqZ¡ miKvi‡K wb‡Z n‡e| Avi †Kvb Lv‡j †hb moK ˆZwi bv nq †m w`‡K bRi w`‡Z n‡e|

m~Îvcy‡i †avjvBLvj †ivW| GLv‡b GK mgq Lvj wQj| Lvj cvi nIqvi Rb¨ †jvnvicyj ˆZwi

Kiv n‡qwQj| eZ©gv‡b GLv‡b cy‡ji e`‡j moK

XvKvevmxi Ab¨Zg we‡bv`b wQj †avjvBLv‡j †bŠKvevBP| wKš‘ Dbœq‡bi bv‡g GLv‡b M‡o D‡V‡Q moK I emwZ| Lv‡j †bŠKv evBP‡Zv `y‡ii K_v, GLb †QvU †bŠKvI †`Lv hvq bv| LvjwUi †ewkifvM RvqMv fivU K‡i moK ˆZwi Kiv n‡q‡Q| GKmgq gvby‡li hvZvqv‡Zi myweav‡_© †avjvBLvj Gi Dci †jvnvicyj ˆZwi Kiv nq| †hwU GLb †MÛvwiqvi †jvnvicyj GjvKv wnmv‡e cwiwPZ| eZ©gv‡b GLv‡b cyjI †bB, LvjI †bB| eZ©gv‡b †mLv‡b XvKv wmwU K‡c©v‡ikb e· KvjfvU© ˆZwi K‡i‡Q| Lv‡ji †hUzKz Ask Av‡Q Zv eZ©gv‡b †Wvev wnmv‡eB cwiwPZ|

53 54

Z_¨m~Î:• 2007 mv‡j XvKv Iqvmv Lvj n‡Z A‰ea ¯’vcbv D‡”Q` cÖwZ‡e`b|• 14 AvM÷ cÖKvwkZ mvßvwnK 2000 |

• http://www.metro.seoul.kr/kor2000/chungaehome/en/

seoul main.htm accessed on 19th December 2009.

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanit-

ation_in_Bangladesh accessed on 09th Marh 2011

• Tara Lohan, Bill Mckibben, Vandana Shiva, Maude

Barlow, Tony Clarke, Wenonah Hauter and more......

Water Consciousness, Alter Net Books & Watershed

Media, Canada, 2008

• wRqvDi ingvb wjUz, cwi‡ek m‡PZbZvq B‡KvjwRK¨vj m¨vwb‡Ukb e¨eüZ cvwb cybte¨envi c×wZ cvwb cwi‡kvab c×wZ, Wvwe-Dwewe Uªv÷, XvKv, †g 2008

Dcmsnvi:XvKv kn‡i Lvjmg~n‡K wb‡Ri MwZ‡Z Pj‡Z †`Iqvi g‡a¨ mwZ¨Kvi myweav Aš—wb©wnZ| XvKvi Lvj Avi b`x¸wj‡K Avjv`v K‡i †`Lvi †Kvb my‡hvM †bB| Lv‡ji m‡½ b`xi cvwb Av`vb cÖ`v‡bi m¤úK© i‡q‡Q| Lvj¸wj b`xi m‡½ wg‡j el©vKv‡j AwZwi³ cvwb †ei K‡i †`Iqv Ges MÖx®§Kv‡j kn‡ii †fZ‡i cvwb aviY K‡i _v‡K| GB cÖwµqv cvwbi gvb wVK ivL‡Z mnvqK f~wgKv ivL‡Q| GQvov f~Mf©¯’ cvwbi ¯—i wVK ivLv, kn‡ii ZvcgvÎv wbqš¿Y Kivmn Rjvk‡qi av‡i we‡bv`b, nuvUv, emv, AvÇv †`Iqv, gvQ aiv, †bŠKvq Pov bvbvfv‡e gvbyl myweav cv‡”Q| mgwš^Z cwiKíbvi gva¨‡g cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek eRvq †i‡L cvwbi †hvMvb, gvQ Pvl I †bŠ- †hvMv‡hvM M‡o †Zvjvmn b`x I Lv‡ji eng~Lx e¨envi Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| hv GKw`‡K G¸wj msiw¶Z n‡e Aciw`‡K kni‡K emev‡mi Dc‡hvMx K‡i M‡o †Zvjvi †¶‡Î ¸i“Z¡c~Y© f~wgKv ivL‡e|

GwU fvevi †Kvb KviY †bB cÖK…wZ‡K kvmb ev wbqš¿Y K‡i gvbyl jvfevb n‡e| †mwU mvgwqK n‡Z cv‡i| wKš‘ `xN©‡gqv‡` Zvi dj KL‡bvB fv‡jv n‡Z cv‡i bv| Avgv‡`i †Pv‡Li mvg‡b GiKg AmsL¨ D`vniY i‡q‡Q| we‡k¦i A‡bK DbœZ †`‡kB c~e© AwfÁZv Kv‡R jvwM‡q cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek wVK †i‡LB emev‡mi cwi‡ek M‡o †Zvjv n‡”Q| Avgv‡`i †`‡kI wKQz fv‡jv AR©b i‡q‡Q| AvBb Agvb¨ I cwi‡ekev`x‡`i gZvgZ‡K D‡c¶v K‡i XvKvmn mviv‡`‡k b`x, Lvj I Rjvkq fivU K‡i †hfv‡e cÖvK…wZK wech©q ‰Zwi Kiv n‡”Q †`‡ki me©mvaviY‡K Zvi g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡e| myZivs †`kxq I Avš—R©vwZK AwfÁZvi mwVK g~j¨vq‡bi wfwˇZ bZzb K‡i cwiKíbv MÖnY I ev¯—evqb Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| we`¨gvb Lvj, b`xmn †`‡ki mKj Rjvkq‡K `~lY I `L‡ji nvZ †_‡K i¶v Ki‡Z miKv‡ii cvkvcvwk mvaviY gvbyl, Mbgva¨g Kgx©, cwi‡ek Kgx©, ivR‰bwZK Kgx© I cÖkvm‡bi mKj‡K GK †hv‡M KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|

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their unpaid labour (Bs‡iwR)• M„n¯’vjx Kv‡Ri g~j¨vq‡bi wfwˇZ RvZxq A_©bxwZ‡Z bvixi Ae`vb (evsjv)• †Uwjwfk‡bi †bwZevPK cÖfve I Avgv‡`i wkï (evsjv)B‡KvwmwU t• Rxeb Ges ¯’vcZ¨ (evsjv)• Ecocity Planning: Images and Ideas (Bs‡iwR)• Liveable Cities: Ideas and Action (Bs‡iwR)• Public Spaces: How they Humanize Cities (Bs‡iwR)‰ÎgvwmK g~LcÎt †`‡ki Rb¨cÖwZ‡e`b t• cÖ_g, wØZxq, Z…Zxq I PZz_© RvZxq ZvgvK wbqš¿Y Kg©kvjvi cÖwZ‡e`b• Tobacco Cultivation and Poverty in Bangladesh: Issues and potential future directions.• Workshop Report on Budget Monitoring and Financial Reporting for Tobacco Control for the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use• Tobacco in Bangladesh: Production, Use, Economic Issues and Policies for its Control • Workshop Report on Course in Management, Finance and Logistics for the Bloomberg Initiative toReduce Tobacco Use • Report for WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control public hearing on agriculture diversification and alternative crops to tobacco• 31 †g wek¦ ZvgvKgy³ w`em 2008 Ges 2009 Dcj‡¶ cwiPvwjZ Kvh©µ‡gi cÖwZ‡e`b• cwjw_b e¨vM wbwl× †NvlYvi GK eQi ci - mvdj¨, cÖwZeÜKZv Ges KiYxq• cwjw_b e¨vMt cwi‡ek ¯^v¯’¨ I A_©bxwZi Dci cÖfve kxl©K Kg©kvjv-2001• kã`~lY eZ©gvb Ae¯’v I KiYxq - 2009• Efficient Use of Road Space and Maximization of Door-to-Door Mobility: Suggestions for Improvementsin Dhaka (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• Rickshaw Bans in Dhaka city: An Overview of the Arguments for and Against (Bs‡iwR)• Dhaka Urban Transport Project's Report: A Critical Review (Bs‡iwR)• Dhaka Strategic Transport Plan (STP): A Critical Review (Bs‡iwR)• Report for WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control public hearing on agriculture diversification and alternative crops to tobacco• Colonial Bureaucracy and Sustainable Transport Developments in Bangladesh (English)• Detailed Area Plan (DAP) for Dhaka Metropolitan Development Plan (DMDP), A Critical Review (English)• Recommended Transport Strategy for Dhaka City• Knowledge-based Transport Planning and More Rickshaw Bans in Dhaka City (English)• Economic and Social Justice• Addressing Climate Change: Can we reduce carbon emissions while increasing quality of life?

Wvwe-Dwewe Uªv÷ Gi eB‡qi ZvwjKvZvgvK wbqš¿Y msµvš— cÖKvkbvt• ZvgvK wbqš¿Y AvBb - cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges KiYxq (evsjv I Bs‡iwR)• ZvgvK wbqš¿Y AvBb - RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨vkv (evsjv)• ZvgvK wbqš¿Y wb‡`©wkKv (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• `wi`ªZv Ges ZvgvK (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• weGwUÕi Bq~_ †¯§vwKs wcÖ‡fbkb K¨v‡¤úBb -Gi Avmj D‡Ïk¨ wK ? M‡elYv I we‡k-lY (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• †d«gIqvK© Kb‡fbkb Ab †Uve¨v‡Kv K‡›Uªvj wK, †Kb Ges KiYxq (evsjv)• Rvbyb: wKfv‡e a~gcvb Z¨vM Ki‡eb• ZvgvKRvZ `ª‡e¨i Dci Ki e„w×: ivR¯^ Ges Rb¯^v¯’¨ Dbœq‡b GKwU Kvh©Ki Dcvq (evsjv)• Addressing tobacco and poverty in Bangladesh: Research and Recommendations on Agriculture and Taxes (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• ZvgvK Pvl Ges `wi`ªZvq weKí dm‡ji m¤¢vebv (evsjv)• ZvgvKRvZ `ª‡e¨i †gvo‡K mwPÎ ¯^v¯’¨ mZK©evYx: cÖ‡qvRbxqZv I RbM‡Yi cÖZ¨vkv (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• a~gcvb I ZvgvKRvZ `ªe¨ e¨envi (wbqš¿Y) AvBb 2005, wewagvjv 2006 Ges ZvgvK wbqš¿‡Y miKv‡ii ¸i“Z¡c~Y© wb‡`©kbvmg~n• Strengthening Bangladeshi Tobacco Control through GO-NGO Cooperation for Improved FCTC Implementation• ZvgvK I `wi`ªZv ZvgvK Pvl, wewo kªwgK I wewo †me‡bi cÖfve kxl©K M‡elYv• ZvgvK wbqš¿Y AvBb: ms‡kva‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Ges KiYxqcwi‡ekt• Avgv‡`i cwi‡ek AvgivB evuPv‡ev- (evsjv)• cwjw_b I c-vwó‡K e›`x Rxeb - PvB gyw³, PvB cwiÎvb (evsjv)• c-vwó‡Ki †Qvejt wecbœ cÖK…wZ (evsjv I Bs‡iwR)• kã`~lY- Rbm‡PZbZv Ges KiYxq (evsjv I Bs‡iwR)• kã`~lY wbqš¿Y- Avgv‡`i KiYxq (evsjv)• kã`~lYt wech©¯Í RbRxeb I Avgv‡`i KiYxq (evsjv)

cwienb bxwZgvjvt• `vwi`ª we‡gvPb I mvgvwRK mgZv weav‡b cwienb cwiKíbv (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• XvKvi hvZvqvZ e¨e¯’vt eZ©gvb I fwel¨Z (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• XvKvi UªvwdK e¨e¯’vi Dbœq‡b c`‡¶ct wgicyi †iv‡Wi ev¯ÍeZv (evsjv Ges Bs‡iwR)• nvuUvi AwaKvi mve©Rbxb gvbevwaKvi (evsjv)• wbivc` Ges `xN©¯’vqx †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vq †i‡ji ¸i“Z¡ (evsjv)• cvwK©s cwiKíbv I e¨e¯’vcbvq ev¯ÍegyLx fvebv (evsjv)IqvUvi GÛ m¨vwb‡Ukbt• cwi‡ek m‡PZbZvq B‡KvjwRK¨vj m¨vwb‡Ukb, e¨eüZ cvwb cybte¨envi c×wZ, cvwb cwi‡kvwaZ c×wZ (evsjv)†RÛvi t• ¯^vgx-¯¿xi m¤ú©K Dbœq‡b cyi“‡li KiYxq (evsjv)• The economic contribution of women in Bangladesh through

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