F I N A N C I N G O f W C A K E R S C C T I O N S B Y COMMERCIAL BANKS

~ b s afiaigsie of g:ori.h CI :he ic6;iq 9 a ~ r ; q r!s?er reveals

in;ererr;r~ rrelj;. r'irtt:?, :here ,:as oas, a cor.sldersa;e s b l f r : n

:isac: Sf t;e y:.;riry ssc tc rs S l ier er *an2 1e;lln; 1s zoncerce3 .r

i?e yas i ; a : ~ a ~ a : ~ ~ a i ? ? - ~ E T . c ~ . ??r I ~ s ~ ~ L c ? , ;a i361, r r re S ~ ~ L I E nf

:12?5 are red;ill ;cdoi:rre.i 2 2 toe r c r a l rt;P c:sdAi was i r o d r E l 38:

ce;i r-2-i: decl:-ed :a i 0 e r ; e i i : r 1952. ;.nc ~ n a r e of pr lo ia r ;

secisrs, rh lc" 1Jc.ude agr2cc:il:re an3 r-a;: >n3"i:rles, isia I w a r i a i ? ?

fro? 11 ~ e r call: m 196% i o Lear ly 1 6 ;er csrt .n i 3 8 9 . r .~sre i r e about

I ? . - i i l l o r e g r l o r l w r z : acc;cr?r !r. =.he p.tl:c scc:5; bar& il 1995 zr

ageinst 1.5: :arbs I D ;;re 1359. Isi. :;:el nu"hsr of bcrrower i c c r z n l s

dider rr-oriiy ;ecr"rs cans5 r c rro.rl ; 1 , ~ . ~ . r c a .

ii::-li, a,, i i - i l , i i i D l e d IrTEliSt 1 6 - E sLI.C:lre W L S

:riro?-i:i3 ,;el 3.- to aeie a rca;;rr;r.:i,e .-p>c: ar* c o n i i e r t i e

r r o e sprsr5 .C:eil:nce 3i &rcirs;r : r ie lest r r res bb -0lje:lland~r.. II t i e

.u;rcan.Eed s=cici.

Slxzl,:y, rhe .El .? aznk S C i ? , 7 l * a s larrodrcea. ?be l ead C S l h 1.-

z .?is:r.zt A25 t.:,e :esp252b::-Lg C! cocrdi>~r..,p t*?

i cr i? i i r iee of 3 1 ; r . i ~ ~ ~ : cr.ciz I-er;<rt:o-.s z r c r';e i o o i i bere2uprrea;

agsr2r.r. I: a:sr d r s w ; iJ i.iinr9; 4z2~:- P-ans ior ae-lre I-p:emi'riced bg

aac . friaic;,2 I;stiir5:0.-.

La-.;i$, t h e 1 9 t i S T C _ ^ t 1 0 i . 3f ;he S e r 7 . c ~ Area Ap>;oacl> vilere L?

e6cA hank bra-d; ;n riril. arrz serl-lrii. celi:is w9u.d z?rve a c i c i z e r

ot 5 ro 10 ;I;:~TEE, pzereze iredl i 313.56 CTL -DT:~CT iieiz

I 2 r : - q i'e l;si ruo dsc?isc, 5 6 2 rei2l: ?i?r;role;..iitlar 0'

Id crr-err-al o r ? b ~r i 5 6 9 s r x -:re rere asrlc.7a.;sed i n lie?,,

bani;.?> s.:*ar i.- lod;c has i*i.sr2e.c.c see cven?er, do:' In cca::-atrrs

end qus.q:.rair.s t e r ~ r . ;c s ~ ? ' A:; a:si;r,?!:s urrio-eii:;rrls :,-age.

nre iai*ir? ieaiir .>is ;ere::c:rd r i r , the re-r-uri;ev and r.,r<l irsrr

LiiO"? *xr lni .ol 5f i"E f r s rch " e z i c r i on a scaje rar rece ien ied 1" the

i i i szor i of '.orid Dcrk.,l?. 3 s as* orarch I I C I ~ E I ? ~oI21.i. for I.?. ?eTiOi

ep~r: 1-135 t o tiarc!, lrrC e r i iorm-;larei i a e p ~ . " ~ ;rr v i e r t ' ~ teed far

tan** -1 -o.:en:r3rc c. 9oreolidcr>=n "i i ? e i i ;r+l;?Du and rc!.:ev:-j a

C 3 , i r i c i ri 17,055 prpi;s5is: j rr t a n k oifzr~ 2 - rurel i r d sen?-urban

11e.i 5; each 01032 >,d gr,,rblre i L ? K i , 9 '.clilr/es ?a Ch?'? PDcket' of

rlral arear ,,.,=re r:;ai. spatis; ;cji exirisa.

br lnc iec sr-ce .LariCna;>sari"" slii ient r s - tie facb fiit L7eTe X.*E

~ l c a r ; ~ $eve" fslr ~ r - r e a s c 1:. ti.* qi-3.1 of cfircec f ro- 1 , 2 5 2 in ;idne

,565 i o i/,i?? as 0.5 >me 3C.1389. Sit ci db.377 5fL:eE Opezed Ei?3e

.?irlcaelisar;ar, 62 per :en: oi ins? ilere o ~ e n e d .a rcre?red a rea# . The

~ V E T - I $ ? ?:p'i:ati~n ier i i , n A oii:;e -'1;0> *a8 E 5 , O g C 17 J,,re 1985 sans

do#.? ;3 i2 , ; i : z.7 JJ;e 1259.

zin grrrg 'prpL.c:;o,~ Irclg-ri . ie d;sirlhit.si a! cif lcee is

s..a.o, :n ria:e 2 . 2 . AS a t r1.s e r a of ;nr. I;?$, 4; ;er c.::: 9: "ff ldi i~

". jteti B.,;x sf :~d.r, 5 9 . 7 per cent sif:oe.r si rra a~srsrete

banis, ard 32. 1 Dcr ce,7i ~i ~ i : e r c~,-,~I::z: tanks wsre located

I r;rzl *res-.. ?.he re31..va: ;rra. icn* office8 wc::r are m o s t l y 1ocs:ed

2.: :XIS? areis, a:L.cl.iie Z": 24.5 per C.,i o! iotzi offices ui;

;rrms:c:s. rcaii. ~ ~ , ~ ~ ; d ~ r : ~ ~ :fie cr r renc i ? : l c i n o r of ororii:np m e

or:.-a for : p3p.:cl;;? Of I1,CC0 ; i2rn:Izerr urren a r t a i 01 cacc

t;':?, 775 n:ocni sti:; r c n e l n de:rclc?: and rsgulre a i v r r I , j l D

addrr-one. her:( otiicee. xa:.9 i?e eabs.~;~~.? oi roe seznce ~ r e e ~ p p z c a c h

to r d r a l leidlip, rl xis aecejszru t o lllsi ro,e mcre r.rai c=;rre6

,?.h~r. :re t:c-z;r ci . , l i lccer a:;orera< tc a riri1 b i i 7 C i exceeded m e

i1"Cr:SBC .:I.: O~= 25 i O ii'l..ij.S, i r i s ; i e i t :rat F*E C E i r e S

: ~ ? : i i i : l e ~ , r.?crr t i e iszr~ce ire* I.p;srcl-, wh.c: x r l l i l a r ~ i ~ l ~ be

i o r a i e d osrirl.ly a ~ r g r i s uil:egsr .~;ogo;sd to r e r e r v l i t p i i e

hrl.-:rer, x.:; :a*e care io; i.72, ci ;r;e ; p i l a : zags -ha

isz;:abii.r: c ia~i: , z ; i ~ . : ~ i ~ e s t u r a213 ui ;he de-crencg 2.7 barklay

co..ere7c si i:usar or xi. ozs13 sf r,.. p ? i l i r i s n :,err, 9% r'e bas29 oi

~ P E :ri:i r i . + n r : r r i r e d cenz r rs rec+l,+d fra- r;i srire ~ s ~ r e m r e a : ~ , 07:

re-rres "ere c::a;red zc $vari;.s b i ~ ; c l d ~ r -i- ..,= ssi-ice :re< I D B I J ~ C O

iinto j 3 - i n e . (9 '9. Ifre: r..e j r c c e s s ci ~ 1 1 3 i T ( l , i i S iv(I.: U ? SEi i . lOS.

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avi:?a>le t a e7.ry i,l?::ped.

TihlC 3 . 2 E h O * i Ti.* i r c i c c 5 d r j c s l t i ? r e at?an:es cf

sc*er'g:e, os.nerola; isnna, ;lrc~ :te oatla;ri;;ar?sr of bexhj ir m l u

,569. ;;; sca le Of m r i i 0 f i i C O :; mra: ieEvsiis an: ic,i,ces ci

sc.$ebule8 car-erc ii hank; a : :i 3eCE'DeZ i 9 8 b 6:?01 3: i d . / per cesr

a q i li.? p r zmr, nipeci : . ,~:? , ii zge:-s: 3 . : gei ce-t in6 1 . 3 cer

cer; reerec3ire;. r.? n e 1969. Ti- i .xnie of Eerrl-bZ9a.x offices xz? r 3 C d

1 , # g ' 2:,2i, i . 6 6 , JC 2 3 . i , ' J > r i a . .d,-o? -- illC.-:.il:OiCli_,li.: ...,, - 2 . 2 , 7 . 5 , a l l , 7 . 2 . , 1 1 2 r.7..

i r l r l g ~ " r r r l l i i . j l . , i $ , ? E * , , a 2 . 8 9 .,?$ - - 'ifLC.

?:Ea. ' 563 !,&, ,, 5 32, 7 2 , 5 4 9 ',&:,&;> ;,,,<: ,,,,,% 64 ,:7 .DO, ii, '10"; ' C C , 6 , 3 : r " 3 , '90,

, - li . < 4 i:9 , ; 5 2.32 J.56 - - "*. ,fi/:.

~ e p s l i a ?-ec:lred -arg;ra::r fro- 2 2 ?e; ceni :c 2 1 . 1 ~ e r cert aijd ineir

me:. >.- ~ 3 ; a . or~d:r ~ncreerel frs- 11.3 per re.-: i s i i . 2 per ceri

zurrnq r.3e rc-a pcrisa. C: in. c:.-rr i a - c , :he =sirs Of Lrbar iiXd

-.ri:2u..:;r 0 t r : e i .i 3e;"Ei' .ot;.;ri;rsr ;ro crc0;t d.n:o,ne.ni

let-:cec fro- ' I . ? par cer r an t 87.2 re1 sei; rr 60. 1 je r cent 2.70 57.5

I ibe *Dove 9rr;si.

3-7:-p the 2rsL-~a:isanlisar;ori rerlo? .p:o 3eoe"ier 1988, the

s x r e o i ; u : a ~ oi:;;ez .r :asr-n~.niel ds;:rlrs r;le ~rcre"e.?iai cradjt

i 2 . i pi: c e n t aiid 15.3 per ceni ;csfiesi:reig. :be sorisa~:;.6;r?

~ :zgo f i .oz i f o r s s - ~ - i l r r a ~ , iljan i.yd -e:~o~o:i:i:~ offices veie 1 1 . 2 ace

i 7 . i ; 2 5 . 1 a l u 2 2 . 5 . a12 3L.i a?2 6 6 . ' per cent rerpici2velr3.

b;c:.E r ' i dlii?ZE.iC Irziez, Ltrl? F r a l l i l d:c:uTtCd i0i ii.

ii"1,T.i s i a r n C-i ! - C T e n l i i i t . i s D i l l r S .r reape:= 3: reri; i r e e e

' ? S , 3 , > 7 9 irerez, fc::;rrd 9, i;ta: 'Rs.?, ii crorri, .r;d u i i j a b

e s . ;.a:? C i O i E E , . b ? L C I Prai.i: a l s o iial;E? :ie mnr*. si.ars i

~zcrere.-La; dejcsli3 I" respec+ of Eeml-dr,an &;.is r P S . i . 9 i B crores,,

?o..smd b j rere:i r r s . 1.662 r r r r ; ; ~ ~ , ~ri:.:~' ( R E . 1,266 ~:::ei! and E ~ . W

S . 9,230 cr5ziil. IVa.li:asirra i C S C ~ l j i i . 3 iol the h;glsir s? .a i i ' l i . $ , 3 4 6

C r O I e B , 2r :.ncre,-z.7ta: Z S D Z 5 L L 6 of L r A a r a ~ d ,Zetrcg:::%~ "fflce6,

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bCI.illi.ild fCI il. dlg*eE: E!.BIE ' i i . - , j i : C I 3 l e S , C l i"CIe.*nT?I ?iliii

ri urnen rvr .erropc.l:?.r =tflCesd.

Lead Bank Sclme

i , . e c s d p ~ l ZZLCU : r c ~ p of r r e ?~ir :o ia . ~7sd.t cod-si:, bn-ct

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5?cisri c:lC <-DEE 671 b e l ? ; secir:;; oi r.3s m;run;r;, sass ~ o g g s s c i o r s

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iiproioi" ;; emi-,c pirnj ant p;prs-me;. as central r i s e i e b ~ r d rhzr

h i s :her, tepead;i.q u p n :;s ire; of ojsrai.c;s n;j the i o c e t i o ~ ,

c c r e r c a ' t i r n s i'o;Ic; he aas:pred z c e par::ca:ir d i s i r l c r 2 , a? araa

*<ern i'ei S'o":; a=< a s Face - ss;;era F'zrib;:g 1n;sg;a:ed L m x r n ;

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biez aipzodci, ieCiu~e :r we5 :r re.iiic.- io i d l c r i l c t ria: zr5t

s;e;is:irPl i.0 ,'.re7 3.tr re re evii;ci-., i co,"i::?c C f D a n R e r s

cplo;i?d b? :re isserve Eazr o f Yrlri, e n cbrlrmms.b3p of 9ri

i.Z.7. :ari,ma: :2 n r c . r i e CC-~ZeilaIe" C I O q l & - - e fCI e.>sYrlnp tte

~ ~ ~ r e a e or ad-;.are :ark;np irrr.::;ei A,? :.:e c*:ctrd .+.as s:lo of the

v;er rba; is: airis;::p I- me prorers 05 r e g ~ u n a l dcvelu~ren:, em)?

b a ~ n e L c v : t csnce;iri?~ 31 c i i r r a i z I:ET::L.~c.

l a emfile i*e aarir i3 iiscie :.:a role ci :eidership rr a r

ef:ss;iri a i l ' sisie',ei:r -11 :I:? ;;iir.crs iz the ccurr:g .rsve

Celcai; cr:ter;r #ire ad3sred ill Fsqi>g i . m ~ a ? OCCLICI 3i

GlE1113i5 i s id^.: 1616 i 9 - A . L c s e ueze, GrriLIDPi:i: :he size of :he

i;i< 1.76 tie ad-s-rcu . . of 2 % :;so.rcaa io: iami;:;q roir-s xcrki

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e - e i ~ e ; rep:o-a~ or,rni-~~;:: sf s a i i s ; me des:r-.*:lr:g rZr eacl. .laze

t o oa?a -:re i'2c.n are :.id ;ark ogcra r lng 1, I5.5 terr2io.-z a-d Lc L h l

e*tcnr ~OZSIL:F for e 3 ~ h l a r k i c ijiraie ..? ~ T P i a n 05. =tate, w z t i a

vre, :s d.ve.?olng ine u ~ 6 e i - d e - s : ~ e C / l r d d d - d a " d d d areas, zIe,E i>ere

vDr? r o rej;oca: bankz of ~2fi.c~e.n: srrecyc;, ' . a d co ti .ei is2r;y h i

rbe large i a n i s oi a; .-ss.~:~i::y ,::-i.ndii r . isracter. irs stats

B e m i ni :Lidla w e 3 ello:r-c fie larceir ?~?:er :i srraiegic erd 8;filcu:t

3 l l L 1 i ~ t ~ a:; O??T ii.: iO..i.f^-jt.

0' i.7e i,rvei ;.crfsr,"irc. ;o i!!? ircer?e Di,h oi I.nC?a. 1; wss,

r,?eref;rt, ieli :;;a= ~r ro.id oe +ecessarg i o k i v e :..rens:ve, 2dirldlic2

d i rc~ss :cnz ..e- ;be c i r r o z ~ e - i -75 ccrcerned i e r ~ r r uf!:z:ali in each

bs.7.;. dic"r3 I j ~ . . a rse7 ir! rrree oiirssrc frci rae xarerae Bank of

:.?cia z-i sne "Ka:?: rf ii?dlice, ,,es e-=rr.e*b x:;r t r r - war*.

Beiieeq .'Pate-b.1 and,*ld-:.ovsnbr;I 5971, t h e t e a l n e t toe

ciS:oclarir~ci.>r..~ a m ier:ar ol-;cialr co?or-.a x i s =.be lead ba;x

worn enc; oi ioi b i i n e 1nci2dcb ,rider u D sc.:e,-e. me di,-crssrGni

-were1 rhe scs:? of :.-e i,~.~.-sd~re s~rsii ari i!.e f o l l ~ w .I; ~ c i i m , LLE

l o l l ic:' .SPECCC Df :?? ;*.1 3a:A SC.,F=E did t I ? E rrP2icei>ali for

r l r r r ~ e l = r ? i " r . i d l r n . T-IE reii: ajr:oi^.h ic rz,c 1rscus.c:sc.i :a ' i i ?.?s

8.r-i;s to be I r l r r r a i s n h i ;ic ianx3 .re ;o o. cad.rs5oco a s . P e n . t o

a- e.-t. 'is; iri r i i "ec;t r s ;e ~ ~ 2 1 1 1 7 er~?c .sn i ?1-1. ~ 3 5 ~ 1 6 i?ellt;fi.

;rc;2e-s ar; D r w i d e .sia7t;a; deia i?r r;.e i o r l s & a a e r oi pc.lc;e.

d.il;oci ZO l e e r :;r objEci:..bs Of r.-e s c rae . Tie *%-e,;ete ieaul;e,e.>z

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eb we :O::ilar.i:cr ;i 0 ib . i b3TXE a?<

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cpera::,,e c:$G:t *7e"?2?s, - r j s k . 0 2 , k a:ac .equ:ra 2 2 3 2 E 3 " <.tc V a r J O u B

;rrr7 a~~nr:ei cnd &r:horliles co.~ser?ed e.;' dere~cp-e-f. ( 5 , I c a v r b . ~

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i n .',p:.sero:> h i 5 s r s ~ : i c ; < I ; cs;lr;, ine i t'.; Lent Ecnk S c h e , ~ ~ "car

m i ieec arie r c sreaie a i , .cn o an i;pa:: a s rpo2:i iave , , ' ,

Tie S.sir:c: CC^S":t;;:il :clili:e. 0,: h n i c . " are rl2resani=d

" 0 : irsn.'l i .a7zgers uf r c n r e n 2 a i ranks ir3

reprsse-.-itires l r ai':sr i l r a n o i r : I;s:iirtr=as in rbs area providc ,,a

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t. Id?i::s$ :her ortea ra t'je aieenre

of ar l ;sr;rere for ~ ~ ; ; ~ c c l r n icr.si, $he i r 6:icrrsrms nc

:he > I E ~ T ~ C : co : ;~ , : : a :~7? ~ ~ ; , - ~ r i e e ;ended i a ts s?-e w h i t cf a ~ e z e r a :

nezore. 7,n:r .*r;;qz i; l l q b : r.9e i.cr ;hi: l0rn":ar.o; cf corcreie

i r c g ~ a ~ ~ i r :s :'i -rlx d ; h s ;a:%: ani surco:s 3f :be ieal 3ank 5:bsils

Eli 0:;ias : i < E iPe D l s L r i c i Crns~1:. i l le zs"riz:ee r-noes apo. rt.

nze PBI Sizdi . or3cl;. ;.?rreiure, r~rm,re"d.d $ha5 i l i ;ils lead

t i m b s.?oe;d i r ra :?~ :* p:nizze :n r r e r r rsspec::re :sad iisrr:;rr

?l:.?*r cre32: ;.a-r or ; 3.: s o?nis?:e ac..e-ss b..bic. car r s

:r~:e-c?,;e6 c ~ l r i : ~ .

>. , - -cadsr . of a cs,-so:r:,- :! a:: CLe fx>~nCl~: >."~:~?.t:o~~

:n i.,e d:s;z.ci, :,? lei= ta'< .E ~ r ? e c r c c C- e c s ~ r e r ~ a c rii? bimtrhie

z:.Geiar =,,~:r;"~ ;i rc,=i as :a; as p"Sr2Lls a:: 1:;h;e ecc.zo-ic

?crli.l;lea 1.- : > e ?;5lr;ct. jclie-.5 fozm_:i~E: hl i l E . :?.a h,kE ~iou:d

bi r ; r e r i i i m t d i l ~ d h ~ i b d ~ v s ~ C n n e i t schemes drsrr: a a bb z.le

cOremic;r 5.73 Zli T A l ; l ? d c : i : i i S T i l C l i C 1 E i.? r i a area ere cxjeiied

;; c c q e r

;!:t :<ad sann S:.o":d ssi~-.ie cred;: as-;n3 ;i.r.cq urder

~ ~ . C E E a<;e-zf, ace 2: ghouls' 5;1rcri c;;jerii-oL irci ather f r 5 a i c m i

...a .....A .G I > PA;;; ?eec:n? these cre22t .>eeas, ITIa? 1s e~"a: ig

i w p s r r a i r , t'e lead irann alosld &?so prigare cEt;-rZez 17 23s le??

dist;.rrs of reso;rce r.*:;.sa:~a.~ I?. as'#;:::.. -: pr igar rag s e z m a i r of

crsr:t n e ~ d e . ?.?:z 1s d m . wl:a a 4.er i c -G;cn:;p re.i?.rrc;a expected

m t n tie es;r*ir.d credar neeis x i :he lea? li:rrlc;;.

3; .,A?-. P-2 Cc.n;~rEe , i ic : C::,l:it'ied D? :i.. n e i o n e ira*

si :.-;:a 2 ; '-3:-r i5-6 isr fZe prr;csc a: n;q;:rg <.:a ;?rgre25 3; ?he

; ~ ~ i ~ i m sc,;e-- wra+r co;:cn: rel,lew an? f o r rasrisq lo:isy qriie::res

:;- .:5 eiie:::.,r ..p:.-.nLac.C.7 r?iEI'eled ti* : r>?owlnc IIPC*llli

>sshes.

'.t" a a:ei :r rrste7.i;ill;q :he ent;re - o m of :re 3istzic5

CIC~;; P l a n s ';;?sl r ~ : c r w ~ s %ir::er c i - i i a ~ : ~ i i s e d b? l a c k sf

ili-ior-.lvi. 1.7 :?s j6i:e-l: , m'i:o;310g1 1-9 pel-zd an?' -crs .ln>:La?il;.

r a br:-g aLc.: a p5s.r s,.isnroa:scil3.n of riie r i r : r : : ~ c r e d i ? F1-r wr:h

the .C;n:o T.C, ice raier.,. 3.m O ? I I ~ ~ d L..E :.id z ? " ~ L 1" CejCerbEr

1573 :o t e r - ~ o a i e ibiir cr:strcg DCPE hi Decs-tzr 1571 ard u.?ier;al. ths

i c r n r ; i < i c l ci:recr >C?E f o r ii;e>: ieai I!rir?:is ::vsi>nq a p.ri,a ai

ri;rie gec:i and a;e; rhe.L:?~1; ic:rcn .';ins icr eirr. year ac5,ra toe

c c i - E l s u e a t Of Eaob usar.

The ye. =red:: p:m 2s a :olprehE?slile * > a , ind:C*il>g :..Edit

csr9e;s f;r ;l.irlrr:loCe: crei:: age,?-lei ;r: i c e o:itr:;i on a 219cr-

xrie, s=ciol - , , l se , rchs?e-.Olss and ba?lr-,wlra barl. . , ore "i rle

;nncrarrve features ci :he pr;pa:a:.o: of r;le cew X P is t n e

?;;r;d~cc;a.r of jirr2c:p-ring p i i m u q f i t i c ;sns:;?nt:cr o: a d:sirrcf

?ere: ;ask io?;? c;->rir:?g t c s Ie.cresenrrii7es of I r e X C E , ccn-i.rsrii

bszkr . h w ? m a ~ a r g e nrrnber of bra;chrr :- rbe elst.-;c; iab ;he disrrict

otiic~ils i rcs~dts r."s d.strict c:cv?~ci 0: :he :eat b a x for :Is

pie.ccl"ro> ci rbs i 1 i v . 7.?1 .1.ier:r 2CP i=:ir ie..?; crrc;:ate3 t, a:; =he

ccrce:.~e8 ige,,-.es .has :o 0s .i:w:.r:d i r :.;= Dizrrlc: c o i ~ t i l i e i i r s

^i,r7:tieE SCC liiilij&.

is t , e %C, 9% rl;;.e Jf 1:s cs* : ' r "~ :an ar?' .=*rct;o-:-g, -39

n;* r e :r a jos;r.oi :u exercise E;rsr:irlo, r r e i ;he r 0 r i i . q ~ of :be

Lee6 air,; sr';C,e 0, il 2,: rallg 'iiii, ? e i d it l lkS ,:a?. iee1 .2ViiLd iC

cc , , s i ! l i iF i S : d n i . i s Ccrili:lb of the 3;c . ' i3b -s:rr ir :eaez 01C. d

,-Dv=*. It i* z r i i e 3 i'ii rie Tar;- i:rc;, rs2errci.' r o r a i 2 i e r has

iesl i S , : l i j C ~ i -$a::jiag c ~ m ~ , ~ ~ i e e ;r rce z c , :,s ziserrci cs-

sperer:07 c.iiAcer end i na ir.3 mrrrlc. ~fixcer i r w 161 alsc b r n g

-s-lerr ;v S:e;d:r- Cc-~:rr ;~, P u s , :nose ; a s ; l r c d 2." the

p - e ~ B T & < i i ; 3: +,he s:?olr I-&. ace 3:13 ci -CCZ,?Ed i::ij If8

.-..ET.-i.Li~7;:. - * -

i s ii tie end of :Ire i P i B , r.>e ;cia .%a,-< SChePe ~ ~ . , e r e ? ' 1.

-... ; ...i. . ? i W ~ e _ - 5 dCO d:?Lr.~.Ta, ibe ?*ad ?e#priz.b;~~ig of t h e r e r ~ r . ~ r a r

Oli d;r;rl:tr rar re*; en:r>slid :a iar2:>i p lc l? ; ssricr bnrks.

i>c I r e d oarks jrs~ared nr.d ;rp.e,-ezred tie A;TAC. l c i l o r

':ass (AAir, for ,987 accorc;ng is iae + ; d 3 2 m e s r?sleb 25 fie Beserve

T a r * 1." this regard. ;.ceg .he.,* a ~ r r c3 ias .n-cessarj ac=lcr f?r tie

reparaizO, end ZLic;:;? ci 3'. isrr5* io.ne :i >:sirict Plare f-r

1 3 8 8 - 9 h - p A>?& 15dB 1.7 612 rie d:srr:o59 ci Var-ous Breiiir, f o r N l i l C h

grid?:rvsr i i v c bee? rarled ij tie ' eser re Banr i o t h e 2ezd barks end

ti. .Crete G c ~ E I . " - F I - ~ B 2 1 >:~TzII-L&III 1 3 F 7 . ::!e inni;;l icircn FleXS

:.?r;csis 3Icc,?- ise ail ijcn bra-:!!-wise :errera ra ie i c b ~ e ~ ~ e d x l l b

crci':: Ebi.3TT i r o i ia-i,<c P,-.f i i i _ - i 3 P S EC,I-eI iCZ r.*e reve lopr in i oi

bgrlCL1:lze 5.71 ril l2ei . aT::iiL:es, IiTai l - i , s i l :eE, s ~ l a : 1 tC515013 i l ia

"'Tiour rgpes cf rer., lcesli .

various progrmes for weaXer Sectlvna

:.be .cuncn,:c :ei:er-en: of C,i?oarer SEcilrrre ck7 rsi i.

ic.h:ea;t li2rkcur r:cre: +rirefo;iai;w i r , z s l r ~ l i srr~oirral sheanges,

e:,cii:onc: iive:a;-.a:, yrr-,r: ;;. e,.arers5s, ar3 ciergc ir ou:iaar,

- - ,CLli.airrr i n 3 aciiiiiei. I ce soc:a: f:W, i c r n socuic te i L C h 3s :a

.prcilie cpi"rrrviriss isr r;r jrorsr z.c;:cis is t:sp:ae m.:2zt>v? and

:C ~ i a ~ 1 c i i l j ~ ~ r 2 ~ 2 s . :!:rel?m~, C - ~ T i ilawe WLZX ?d l . E L I U ~ ~ Lilt ;he

te,nefirs ri overtl i:l.-.,.sr:;n Frc?rirais :e*;lj riac.b :.be p3cr and are

n:i ::.;;.:,r ,way c;.rocg.7 7ir:oi.r :eakager. me pcverr i al:*"irrior

p'"?".-Ei 'a,.* ? s be . , i E , i l 1,- 7iS B l i7SZECLI"I 5i I G S l c - e c ~ i i C - i ~

?..- ..r.riar~?tin : -1 n? m i s!:orid 3s r;garieb i r supriereiri.ne

roe D c i r c cl?; for =.,err;: ecovo.;c grox.-I., r e r i s 0; g e r e r e r i l g

;IO~UC?:..~ a e e r i ai3- skl;ll a s i E - ; a6 I I C O ~ F : 151 iOir.

C O r n x l d Area Eevelo~ment P i o g r m , e

:1e Ce~t:c:ll-.i:iE"rEo in-Iani ire* SD7elCDTeP: PI0gIdl.a

'C13?, rli I r u n ~ P c d ~n 1970.75 r;:h ika sfle""ve5 uP i;id?i'-.E i'ie ra?

bet -ie; Creciro~ and u:i:,s.t.o, Zf irrlrailca prte3iiri m d cgtiris~lg

r?r;c-;;rirll ~rodrcil', r:m. irrlq.iEf .a-b. ih. ;rcyrailme lrclodrr or

f a - d e ~ s 1 0 ~ n e 7 r V O I ~ S , c".?~:~~ct,oz :f r:e:5 z>z.7.,*1e, l a n d

.- .. . ,e/-?ng, iiFli drams an5 l?iiaiuz7l;n 0 l *Erabane: f:r i.?,onal

s.ppi, ui ,rater 511 ;i. ;sjLlre ~:u?;at:s Las:s %o 5:' icielnc;. ~t

LEO i - .c l . ld i& rr:i~;...e;: for silp:g sf -r.is and cred:?, zqr ic i i i r ; r i l

ex:si.;:c;., .̂ c"iir.ci;co 0; i c m e z r a q 1 gIdmZ;.i r r d dese:ap..sri c.i glvr.78

iacer :or ca.:.lnch,r dl..

7r r? -2 I?$?-83, :A? prsqra-P? 2%: in s.Cerirlo.7 0;Verr"S 131

s+l+cisd rs:gi and medium irrlgarlcn pro lecre xl:n rae rota: cui:uirbls

cu - -h3 z l e a o f z r e r 16 .',$r.. i: 5:ases a;t 2 iiricn Terr;;cii?.'. So

!ar, 5 5 Ca-nand died 5 i . ~ 2 1 3 ~ ~ e n ~ i i t l i : r ? t I C d P.?C been iei iD for

~,-;Ie."?i:.IIcn 5: i.:. ; i037a.i ,e . lr ICY:d be 3.en ira- rati. 2.4 that

:*? I.riicrrl ;.:ley ai ? s . l , t 7 : crores ?as ,nee.? prop~rsd :or tie <X

",?d*X Z,.? I sec trr al!o:a:lcn i6

~ s . 5 9 0 C T O Z ~ S . :.be ~XEEIT~LI ITL. L - Z . T T E S cn i - : ~ d r r : r y rie f;ist rtrea

iE3rs sf ilE gli." ! i i s . 1 2 3 cro.-es 31 1113h PJ.216 crcres are ':or t o e

cFarr32 E E Z S O ~ . 2- i:Bl-83, d ?ole: Suilal of P S . I i E = ~ o T e i i i C i i L i l X S

me. ,2: ~ r o r e s :I;- cent;=: jsrrrr r a i j i o j r s e d .

se-i:r I:: .:le; : 9 8 j - 8 6 r 5 8 i - Z 7 I??;-83 I ? Y Y - ~ ~ , j d j . # i ....... --..-.- ------- --.---- i 3 is-?: ;c:i,- i c z - a 2 Avr!c:- T a r s f :

el ----..----.--.------..---------.---..----------------------- Torsi 51 d,b;ci!. 1,571 252 2 8 6 2 3 346 Centre; Eesior 50-9 5 4 92 725.

l!!e above iilIj iiows ti. Zeren:!. ?:a,? cirjerz is1 caverare of

srlr inner fJl.8 ch*r"eii, .a-c: lere l l l sg , ~ h a p r g and wireti,ri r e r e

1 . 6 1 .Ice., i . 8 2 itca., a:c 8.04 Y."a., rssjecil??I~. n ~ r h ; 1587-t2, as

ipalnsi irs t a r r e i :f i . 2 6 "l;s C . l i Y r c , ird i . 5 8 * ' a , , for i ie1C

s r a n e r s , 12."~ 2euei:lnp/8?a#:?s i r a x . i i n i * m i , the are* ~ S v e r e s were

C.E: l h a ; 1 . 0 6 :'n, a,= 0.87 &:?a, , r?spisr:ve:s. rhe tci;~ aaie;-e,ents

d d r l l l :be <.ra: 3 r e e ,ears oi r! 2 ri.vs.,:i ?lar. .'cr t!Y three lze,s

n 9 z i i r n e a rko.,? cs'e ;c 1.9: !',a, 0.2 i!!*; ra3 2 . 5 8 A:.,, , , r..p?cti"eil.

or 1586-95, -.ke targets f3l: tie th ree i r e n - -eve been s e t a t o.ii :<.m;

:. 1 1 *ti. s r r : . a ! :.hc. ;z i d d ; i . r r , 0 . ~ 7 b.!c ras p m p c r e d rs ts csrsred

ulde: ire:& :ra.ns d l r l n j ' 1 8 6 - 8 9 rr a: ie . i - r= grrble-s sr ls lcg frs-

i .d le r :cqc;:.g . l d E.~.z ...! ?.

: .F - 3 . x C h ' n r - l i P C' ::i? .he ;ISig:>i pz:nn :rsa ?;SrrlliE

, m i , a r5 .'.iEr: E?.eloga?; .r:7z&?-. ;c;, :I i:.. resrsrsiic; ai

*so-sq~sil .i.a.qre rrrmo; ~ r ~ p i r #eve-rp;c-i ~f l a a d 3": ra te r

:esc.:c*a. 3.e <?9 m a ? ? a3:rers:ce >e:,+,es> t h e :wz ?:z?:&-,nes ..3 $.&at

rrhr.e I c e 2?>P a.-s ?: el: . s l i y rc re? ;rsa c'e??~;pia"r c r a * . iZ* l . i 'Ed

LdSlS ior 3.D'iT.r u i : : ~ L . ~ l r - o l . * P l , :ace: , i : : . i l S C x a i e ,,.,-an

IccJ.rrel , 9.9' eins a r c,rir.l:i.? deBlrr.!;cai;cl and -zrw:np :be

l iu;ry ~.o"l:l;ris ii i r s ssigle i!,e crsa c9.erc.i b i i h e g r o g r ~ r r e .

T.?e 2 9 P 2s e td::g c ~ n ~ ~ a l . ~ - ~ : ~ ~ < progr-7-#, , e reas :PA: ~ n e z a t s s on

*. =. -,--- ccs: E a a r l X c . - d i l - i ie:.sL.r t he c..:z. 1-c' t h e S:r$?.

me 3:i;e.,e-s9rr .c'rr i t e srs,g.;i ?:o.-i Rrei z r rg r i r a i aid

S e E i r i Deuciep-sai i r s g r m e I3F.1; 6 2iil are p.icn rr. ia;:E 2 . 6 *nE

i a b i i :.'.

.'ar.* 2 . i r ? d l c a z c l r*a: tor a r E l sct.rre9 ontei jesert

Sew.cr?'e-i : r u g ; i - , ~ ~ ;r j . 7 6 l . !sctarss, 7 ? d >ecrerer 2% 11,522

-cct.rci "Zoer 9cll a;? -9;sri:e si.rerirr::n, .r:>;at.o> ruitaiia; end

rf:a;is:arru.. respe:L~,cly. Cjr:oc ??an-39, ri? trii; f u r d illo~ztei FC

53.3 li;c BS.5C OzCle : 3f iirCL a:. 3-3c.7: C: i i . 2 2 . 7 C ?T?les was spell:

;?to :.c..-.)sr ; g 4 d l d .

s>,ce ire liiceprrc.7 ;f =be 5-s:. .par-rrs SS7E:5pi."t ET.QC:.

'3?3i, ~ r 3 : e ? : , !ES sc:?e:e; ;ars:;?p 1,Pid 6 : o : h rlier? rn crerzr:; .ptr

-. .,.e e;; . of iop~ji i9X5. L c . c c I ~ ; ~ ~ i5 :eb:e 2.5, daring !9dC-d l '"pto

i - g u l i :98,! a s Ga,:g a; S830i ?iirt.c;pan:r ?*,-a bee; l a s r i l h e d . irc-

a7099 ihe ;ds:,i;flet, d 7 , $ 5 0 were Enro.l;d a - -e-fers a i co-o~ererir .

soda;;es. T?e ni-her beref:i;ed dn;er :Le r ir l9dS pragran.+s uf SFDP

sic:: iE ii.73.- IrIizcilCC, .i;cii cati;e 1rcp:m-c, po;:tr*, C L * l r a" ina l

,brs?i-*3 prog;;7.Ar., rilra1 ar::sini EzajraT,?+, mra: roris pr;;ramre

and ~r~r;irei a g r ~ c ~ l t r r e Bo::ng 1389-31 ':::I dogas; 1586, &,as i. iS.5SO.

iorc: -.mbzr cf jar i rc ly3r t i :tenr?Tled r1m-e t ? s mcept107 of :hz

5Cb67e rai l t i . 7 5 l l i h S fin7 r.c.72 ,,car :nly i 2 . ? i :akhs hsd beer

efirailed as ns;berr sf cc-cpereri;er. -.ne -.*riser be>=f:iied i;nie: ib?

.,an9i15 i r C g r 2 T r . i r.ar d3.B; : e i ; s . Igprec.;? .=lri.n^? released ar9ilneei

t c b c . 2 2 2 . 9 e rrcrcs, z.?ris so..-: u:-:lied +as Os.239.67 crorsa. As per

tie Ee;;sro- rrken ry t ? ~ ?a: :c l rL 2eV6luprSnC C r m z l ? t ie Sir> sss

nergei w2;r ZZii on 0c:or.r :, 1 5 C 5 .E t:>e ipgrcac.3 ic::ocei an6 tho

haia . s !+elated to co-o;erac;?e y e a r , r mcl;des EDrirVlerr, rahefs, ; r r i g a z l o n cir:,ne2s; .. l n c l c d e r P19?CrY , f i zhrr i e s , po3ts end snseg rearing, sei.cirt4re a r d d i c n rearzng.

S s l l ~ c e : 1 4 i l ~ s t z y cf P Q T S ~ RSOCLSLT~~~~D:, :ojernrent zndia .

~iffereniial zate of Interest scnene

I l n s:.;c.. Cf b:.i?:e-L:i: 1D'CTedi i?tiZ *a5 d.l?mCed in i:-e

n r o i ardge: ci I97i-73 as8 t ? e Res?rui Ba-n ri m d r a 1~ir3dlicad tte

rchmi GI U:i;crerL1zl Rare of IeieleE: iiRI, rn June 1972 nni dir?aCed

tie jitl;c secrcr ra28ir ic :mp;ere:r ;be ~ c n a r t ;aitiaiig ~n 163

zEldt.V$?i iCib-ird 6:5t:1zts. ?.se r.;bLic rficror harks *,ere $0 lend at

Lke csroess;"nr; rate 3f r ?.I ce;; per a,-;l- t D :*e ~ ? ~ l l i i ~ d c:~&s~s

of lirz~were ,t7 L E I S :OQS:?TIE~ t: te iqe iemecr many t ie wsanei

aec tzm5 c t =he s=:1?7b, The .,Tc:lc:: >de* .n :<* -rpie7e>:e:~nn >f 2x1

5che-e * a s -3 Drllg e r r c r iST..FLr:iii-o1 Cf .O*LdD:. fl.7T.S r..r,,;.t

creek-or oi ~eli-en~;o~reni a*r.7rsr an= t h u s i r r p ~ f t r?e poaies: a,~one

?A? I037 br E'n".d'-g r-er o>Foriunlii to p i r l i . srre prrdar:l"e

e53;a.,: , r s .

r.r :he i i ~ e of t-e r:sz:rsn sf t h e mn?; ?,hems 1.7 1572, the

ra iger ser 'or r r e bcc l r * a s C.ii p c i oe7t ai -ie:r igcrse6re asvanre=

as iliD siEZE7:31S jeCT. a rsi 1 5 7 7 , zbe sc!me par rivrred and

li ,as extl-de.3 t o iie 55r:re uo4;rri. I t * a s si;p"larib :oa i a t :east

i , , r - ;~lr~s ;i rouil sf;a3es -f ~ a r h under ire s:,>elre s:r-16 be naee

Lnroagh rrs r;:ai en3 r.,.-rrba!: brs:.c!.er. ilia, if i l - n r i cne-rhAr3 of

:o:z: 521 C?-,.al;.E I.. r. L C he oi?cu t o re,"L.r.. 3: rcueuu2ei oceier an*

icheJ>:ed r r i t e s , ir i.s.ia;eer $ 3 7 2 , i n = $:rer.nie.ni icd;iied she 5che?e

r; #'3'&3"ft. b b l i ~ s ..,C".C 1~i.d :3 CRI I l c r r c * e r i a m l n x r u r of 1 per

ce;t of *,heir i gq iagars anrsa;=r .r ar rile End of pr=v;uvs 9r.r. A l s o ,

the -1ri7lor argua: tr he le-i :u *E ider& 01 sm.d;.ird C Z B L E I aid

acieii.:~; t r loc ; wr; ri:seli t c 6 9 jer cent oi r c t a i 2RI idi-3n:e.i.

Cbtcgorles of Perso?~ E2rglhle t o the Bencfirs of the D M Schemes

i . I.. Icr-Ei.:Sd TTi".S 2 ? i e l d l e b cesre; cni o:.s:s erenger cr. 2 " S i ?

-Oj?sI ;c?le . r rllr.ra;iire a;dl;r a i?red .grlc.!;ire: isiii.iill;.

i. iej&:s r:c :!;erss:ici zo;:eci s: do .1? c r r i r i g:cces.ir.-g af forest

prsr;;r.. i L l ps:p:s who :;e.is:.,sr :r,:ac; f3ddET ln diff.CUl? z r*a 676

s e l : ?ken- z c f e r ~ e r ~ %>$ : r sders .

4 . z.?6>eeci 5:ccenis of rsr:: 701-5 i- tor ~ r g a i r edilcaflcr r;:o 6: r o t

oei i ~ i ~ . i . - ~ r ~ i , - a ! l ) r ~ ~ a - c ~ ~ZCII.! im- ~ ~ v e r ~ i - e c i i : cr cbncariarel

3YLdCI:::aS.

Terms and conditions of the ox1 Scheme

1. iirr.ai:,, :ce ,-rir;J. ?=a. a-ss7r m i ? n;r .rcsed R s . 5 5 3 for r c r ' l r p

cap;:ai ir?' BE.Z, ISI . io: te1n ;O..? ior 2iive.i-cn3 i c fll.5 dS5eiE.

2 . : i i ~ y ? r -oney sir~~id not DG I ~SASTE? .;5: S ~ C 1.1 he ~r i : r zd

4 . loan F r a t E d iur ac;rrs:;!a" Of i:xes as.ir ia rill qct exceed 5

g e e r s , rrs:ad.ry rCs grace ??rLsd of 2 gears.

t . crru; c:5:c--ie ..; co;illcred r-c rsse:i rc p ~ i s h a s e o ircn i r e

2 5 e ; ~ ?li;.:ei sh;oii oe .upc:;ec.red r o r t e 2cr.*16.

. ,? 211 S c , , e ~ e ,,as -od.i;+C rga:- 11; is;lJard ??SO. S.Doo6CI

.>ink5 ,,ere .::orst ;o r r c r e SZ1 *S..I.,C.E i i .TCIC> -"BE $2 rCi2nai:Cc

L l l l S , i? iI't::150 t i I O ' . c l l q cf 5 i C . 1 aO?1?c.s i" acenci hlsrs. :he

T?flidTiF I D R??1 *is i: ?a?_-/ a zzie s' ;;reresi ii 2 per c5.i ,,er

s i c i.!? a-ovrr oi :rir-%ice 93 l.CildEL S O Y ~ L _is ~ d i . S i . " L 3

bc::i.;r c r s?i?scrlnq 7 2 r i ~ I"' i.:e j l I .>C?e i f Th. t a z j e : Sf I per r i z t

of r i e Ir::d.xc x d e r d e S C ~ E T E . ?hz reii;cq o i ioa; a i o ~ n t under the

sclis-e a s ISIL.:ET ~ a l i e i i: is.?,iio f3r r o r ~ ; , ~ s a ~ l r e ; an? rs.i,coc

ior t c r i i0ZCE. T?E s-22 . -s : *LD I r i " S r r . r , ,.:11ag9 a*iiSaPs I): i'jc

deir"ira:.sei i e o r s r , Lr"-,er, ce.13 be gra.reL' i colpasllc 15an of .pis

Rr.S, iO: .,ir?s<i marjng zr! dl3i;cCi:sr 9crtrcin ,worXi.?F clpi:a? sod ter,i

13zn1'.

r i h i e 2 . 3 I r ,u ;dr i t.:s date 5.3 :be le?dia) bg tne aabilc

sector ialhs ilder si; jc-e-e dsr;n? 1572-82.

Table 2.9

ie"?.;? by CECtc; E n k E ,nJSr ER: Sc1.e-e 3 i r . n ~ 1372-82

TzL;? 2 . 3 s i l i 8 :ha: ii roe eri 9: ile ;iar ,972. rbe .-r,ber

of burrova2 a;carrir h a s cn19 2E,C05. imdsier, 1; .has iacrsisei Lo 3 3 . 4 4

ibnnr L31azis tie end of 7ecenSer SlTilarl; :it amaJrr cn+srai.diny

r l 6 c ;i.sr?~;?d fie,? Rr .87 i a X . 7 ~ r-r 5 6 . 3 1 2 ciorGs dorlcr t2e sj.3 per lo j .

I." o?i.fr *?.-dI, r:,s C L b o ~ r ~ t l l d : I C Z 3 1 1 D L I a31 e c l l s ?f :oars

rdvl,?CeC TegiI:eTed a so,Tplrnd <:3*.:5 ZdTS of 6i.i PET o e a i a.70 2 0 . 1 . r

ceni r.s.cscr~rs:y i d r ~ r p ;ie firer iecad. =f ;be ; - ~ l e - e . n t a c ~ o r of L ~ C

SC"-.. i: r . i r rmi oi : ..?p;l",l, >z.,l;s w e r e ie;ilraa t S :e;i i rr"J-ili

0 . 5 on: i.-, C: c:~,s: z0:.2rTeS :he p : ~ i ; o ~ ~ to 5 % ~ ;srrc,.,er:.

:he talki :c.:i ric iErgere3 : e . . ~ : 3,-:r br t i e ~ 2 6 sf aecembsr

:9 iC Z . 5 5 nir cen:,. ?.I? ten.: of i e ~ ? r a c .rider 31: Srhc-e #as

: i c c , : : zo 2,; psi sea: of t o m 2

ol:b:in~z.~g o+ i e p r e . . l s r c g a s r ;; t ~ d e n c s r ! ? i d . ~ q o u g : , :ic bmr i

we?# r,:reas:,:: i;eri Iez3rnys aa;er :.?I Zcasre E V E I S ifa:, Zhej C C Y I Z

rcaco :.be LarGe: of I . : ge r =?lr cc:i b? rh? end 31 SECe-beT i 5 e 9 ( 1 . 3 4

cmr , . ~ o l s p e r c e i - ~ j r , Z Z * ) : ~ ~ , rrcreai.: r s f . > i psi scrr ~n

jecemG9r I S 8 1 i c d renirlrd a i <he saxe i c e . :n 3ececber 13112 ai.9. ;:I1

22a:-g>, t c ? i r we:. id=^o:;#e< ;3 8C.,a.-cE - i c i e r ;Zi33-ere UP:o iS.526

:o "lest i c r k ~ c ? saa;iz.: replr;m;mtr arid c ? o S s . 2 5 O O zg wag ci t?r-

; 3 a 0 1 , inus, a rsre: eroin: iii 2:.3:5c cr..;3 i. revcqoe< L C 6 t o r r r r e r .

AS aca-nez t.hL9, ?"* a-32r: okiEza.-3L>g zer :c:ro*er ,,,es rn.:h J 9 ~ e z zt

X C . ; ~ : i- ~ ~ C E - L B I i i i o . ih.6 a-113z, ~ C W . , E I , 10c.-1~3ea ;o i e . e e c in

S e i e i t E r ? E d 1 &.i ri"rti?; I0 " 3 9 2 ib; 3" rs; ?f ;*ce-*er 2982. Lnier

tte Ccii.-c, 20 oer sear c f r a i i ; 3x; a e ~ a n c e r ag i.iilc iectrr backs

wsr3 zc bE 6dric.d 53 acbedci.rl cisierisc,,.d;:.d rrrtei. 1.. rgail-i:

t.-.s iarie?, atc;: r r . 3 7 crorss ccrsr;:tl:~.-q atoir p e r ren t =he

i ~ t i l azr-enaea caCcr DR: s:lle-e i e r c I I I Y ~ I I L . E ~ to ic5/srs bj. t.-e ~f

zece-bsr , 9 7 6 . ":rj a-o-nr c: adri-ces :3 j-jjj71 0 z s i-izsCE.j

St365 d i PT, i 5 C cICIES CE a: Lhe r.6 0 I ZeSSlber ITd2 s C n i < l t i l i r r y CDOUC

5 0 gEr C ? D ~ C I io:e: dd7ai:ee r.nd.- t h e :..i: ii:s~~".

3rr;-.r :929-26 .---..-----...-..--.-----...----.-...----------------------- Last PI.& b,.:7be: cf z.*"J,: 331 &gva"ces AF0d-t

norro..l i s.;i:il- as psrcsn- o.rrt3+e:ne iiicr,?.. d?,: ' 2 5 . ;age cf to- per h?:rolal :3 ::O'S crcris, *a: ad-ri?ces i=c3on: , i s . ,

ui rbn pre - .v:3ds *e31

3z9-. 2 . 1 : S:7Cs an r c i o - i t 5i 3. f:?r 3f C T B I ' I t I" zchsf":ef

cis-es arf i:islzl.~ t r r ~ i s rider 5.3: stairs. ?he :a;:- reita~s ?her

tneri ' a s tse- a C O ~ C : ~ . Y J S iisi~y iiend ~r the :e-'my $9 t h e sr;eb;:ed

castis rr; ir:zea. T.ce s>ci;i_ ou:siz,d,,; ,,*rcn uzs i oo r : PC. 154 CTOZES

i s 511 -est rrrdiy of ~ c c e - ~ e i ,982 rerr i r t z ~ t 1 9 d : C is.197 ciores SJ ~r

:Flex 7r:ftil i i d - e ' 9 8 s . A: i!!>c .ede1, I;.? ;erceliace of advmcei !s

.ICs/S:s m rz:=: J ~ I a h - c s s zear?, 53 EEI c~c: , exceedinr

i~rsc?-:riii~ i i - P : B T g F i Ti 6 : pel CDi? i:xeb :cr :sre.rr :a s d e d , l a l

Cz i tes 663 sClis?u.e? t?:iee :"~DI >?I S C . ~ % ~ C . >,:?her cf :C,5:'

'arra*?: i rcs>rtr i a ; I 8 . i riii.i i? DECE- IB? ,983, a m if h i 6 21crea5ed

rrt5~a.i~ tc > i . i i 1 a k L ~ U : :!.a E - d of Marc> : 9 8 7 . Pcr sver, +re nard?r

of IC/5- ~ z l r i l ~ d i ~ = C O Y T : S dec1lilO l ? d ELCYL d i 2 j . l 3 l a ~ i l s ~n >me

i ~ 8 6 . :exere::., cilf ; h e b s r r o t a i a:=r.xrs r;lsr z.?; sc'lenr be:crsed to

9ciel.lei cisre? ?PI zci,edd~eo Lr-be;. I ? e avsrape 67011.): cutsta-dm?

DS? 9Cl-C: t c r r n e r R E Pz.315 is 05 l a s t ?rlaa; o f Zrcenbci 1391, i l ls

c :zba i : l j rrcrsired <: i s . i , j i 6 as m . c s t :ridas :i Jlnr 158" "r;we~;sr,

as n ib. care ci a l l :;ie;or.es ci ior;ainr8 tr:s *as aiso rn.~!, i e E I

tra- . i"E Ieil3la? .-cr.i.

Since t h e ~ n c e p t l s n of in. 3i: Scde.-e m i 3 i 2 . *be --*her of

b3r13~3: i c o ~ ~ r i s wizh ;he ?~;:ic swmr oanxs rider cnr ~ c b - e has

1.3ore.ssd over ihl ,ears frcr c .=re 0.26 ici*s i s a t ire End of

;ecsmbsr , 3 7 2 r o 6 7 ?ni .hs a6 sn 1.6; ' r ~ l a i . c: :dl;e 1998, r;r:ct 13rk5

a n t to a; ; r c r e a ; ~ oi ciprsn~rars:, 5 : a h bo-rrxnl r r r r . rn := p c r gcsr.

C:irESi;ndlnp',, rre ar0ur. i mrrfanii";. ';.A -250 in:reased 1, +he sa7e

- ' e C. i r : r~ ' . "c nji.dr.CFh ir pl i i2 .C 3 e C I O I bb"li5 ..?*EI id) D?I

Scr.sls 3; it : . , E 603 ;' 'SrC? 15-1, iXC.nLe0 in ~ s . ; C . ~ : l i s i e i l.7 4 5 . 2 9

;a)h i iCCio-Ls e i i?rlaiz P:.Bi9.5~ Z r o r e i i . i i . 6 i iadh cc lour r i a3 a r

rie end ci :*irzo i?eo, 7.- cavan2:s si c i e i e ha-%S .nier toe :cl;ene as

a: t -e end ci : ,aim 155: icr-ed 0.9 ; ~ r aenr a: :o:ii sursn-es

:;:r;;"c:i; a s 6; i l c e a t 3.' Hir?" i5ij. T*c orl..tz..di;;p ievarce.. "rider

:>e Jcl;s,rc r o :be re.nai:mr:<.s r e ?m?ng is SCs/sIE a - z u n t r i t o

" S . 3 3 5 . 8 5 :i'crej as ?i :!,E ere ?i %arcn T j i 3 , icrr2.q C i . , per c=ilr of

i c i c l 5 R d .ire;ces i-rc* e ~ c i e d e c ; .?i2:$sc1;bed :a;qet ai 40 psi

c . ? : ~ ~ .

Integrated Rural Eevelopmeni Pragrme

>. Tx,-o?: Cf :r39rw,xes tav? bee.7 cperarJ,,q :r the m L n E I y ,

s:;s f o r 6s ;a.- i s ;he ' a s * :s, years a-L szre l r r r o i r r ~ t recsr<:y,

* l i e # a r ;*2r""nc i*5 ec3rcn:c ccrd:::~,; si i:e rurr: ?"or. 'VOiE cf

chess ~ O C I ~ T E S c ~ i ~ z e i :.-e w > d c z o n i r r i , zio-g?: a ? irge r.mter of

blocns r n rdE c 3 i l i r J Cad "or* r'.a.n r.7e ci chess prclzaues 3psri:rap

S r b n l i Y r o c r l r .: ?.he same a r e a i c r tie s5.-e iarge: grc.r.3. I l r s

;.rr:isiiil zneriar co7::nei VLt ' . rie iriierc-; iL.ndiT.? T S L r r m s "f

iieIc prsple.llls, rii sreared z c r r x ~ e r ~ t l e b:ffir:i:rier i n

EIIeCilrr -0.r;cr:rg a;i airs.r*:r;, i t oiiec i1llrrei r "e p:sg'c.-e

ct;eci;.32. 2; l'ict.ce, iierEirrD, iiese prigre-*ec were r.6ucel to

r.re c n i s : d , gir.rrg prnyr*-e5 el-31.. Cf an" :;a"'ed dzpZoeCn to $he

iir.2,pn.ni oi L?e rrre: p v v i xi en Inb;l,i;rlri...r :n me dire.o?nenc

rf :he B L ~ r = ~ ; ~ r ~ e r . IL :s p r o p o s ~ i :>.at crch - r i i q ~ l c i ; ? i of

ir:9rz--rs o?i'r;l-c il:org::i.dt r re cr>rfrg . -,,e proyir7,Te 1s ca1i.d r.9e

7.w c ~ ~ a r : s: ;WE i - r r f r rz jc red i n :;e c e n t r a i b u d g e :

.a -- 2576-77 375 e b i : ~ n ? . x ~ i a s l i d - . lubre?~enr', from 2nd is:~ber,

1523 ti. :Pi r 3 j r s - i e dideied 2:s c~ierice :5 311 L,IL 131 1 ~ I L C ~ E i n

:A= r z m r r y , ioerc fig s ~ s l i e : r ; l ai:lis:a oi . i a~~: i er r o s t a n 3 on :heir

"1 feet snd 13 cnnca-r ras i?!c;dc-:e u i r d r a : r:..erry. it i i r s 6:

r.<:g>.7q rOe P I ~ l ~ i d d i3liil.b $C C ? I E C Ch. po"3ILy >Are on a laatmi.

bae i s db grs;.:d."? ;he- r r r h prod"ci;..e rssr rs i.72 ,a:nic: e?p>oyne.nt.

a.iecr.4 bireflcidiler tli 3-30 ozhci rervlces rnz.7 a s :..puis,

,-*ri;etin;, e r c . , ;s cn,,irlt":c is the eicsras c i inesc a c i ? . > ~ r i s s . ir .s

a,? area a>coiii: are > e ~ e i c 2 i r j rrimted prcgra-re, m;c* a:rs a t

: a D O : . cm.:zt;:n sf pro:ec:a based an local

rcjc.rce.. :, s r - ~ ~ jc~..qr2iic : I . ~ ~ B ~ ' .

1 ; E . r a r e d P.rrl w,.loF.*.ri Propiaxe ;E cae iarr of rc iponse

rr rri;ch dsreiop,-nrr ;i t b s ot;eor;ve, ~zieprakicl r s the ?ethcd and

;"r*l ri.r i s c n s . 1. "."ole n;>ro.cn > a Door :rleilze;, w h i c i has r o t teen

ape;= su; ary conorcis Terra, a.0u'r.s ir: f c i r b a t m b l t i c r i Ir

--" Ae7: L , 2 5 .

The Salrent Feafuies of IRDP

? , $?:2g a:ti9r o r :he :=rt of :>? s,-e:., -*I;2nz. 6?d sd~- .">argx&

:er-i;s 61: ;nr09xear:;.; ci i?ricll:rrii 2 1 3 3 1 i ~ ~ 1 E .

i. n.,ls:o- si:r*ia..;rccrlri; res;.r:lei Ccr 9)'rrnir iarld a;< raLEr

-,. -..- 1sa:.o.-.

?, > l . . ~ Z S ~ f ~ ~ ~ Z i " , 7 9r a g ? > e ~ : Z u 7 e a<d 6e$z2zg Q> a g z o - : ~ c ~ s ~ ~ i e ~ .

d . ~ ~ ~ ~ . ~ i z i i ~ i e ~ ~ o . ~ a.,d 82zpcrra2 c i m ~ n i h ~ : u r r c g laburir~er ?a rhral

*I">E.

5 . 3e;rinj " p ci r.r*,i c0,-p;exes x::b;n tC2 rora: irszr t o irrng .ih&?

ecr;oi;c, so-lni a d c r : r ~ r e l fa-i:i::es i . ? r i x . m ine easg ma-.$ of

rural vacr.

6 , :,7r;;u~~erri .cca2 personnel .OC.: dem:og;el? yrogra-.'lea.

7. Foa~;ro.;al I::=ricl ai?d ill ~f Eci30l e d i ~ i i i ~ n GIY9li":'E*,

8. ~ ~ - ~ ~ d ~ . ~ i e ~ : . ~ :f P I O ~ . - ~ ~ T O I j e tie 2 2 ~ t - ~ : : , staim sad r a r ~ n - a l

,a7a,s2j, A- ..

?.-S r a - P ~ b 1 ? 2 : ~ . , ? 6 c: :?zP a r e f a , zo jde7:Xd ?.:e orest st

sf rbe o r v r :*.w~es :. r,:i: (D, i; aIiisr ::z~,- 1 3 . ~ I g iieli

I-=:-* e=m,e e5e >o..,er<9 I!-<, avd ' C , t o erea:s 5,>5tZ,E.& e-pJO9ze"t

3jror :mri~es i r =LIB; se=:ori6, r.?e >-come :~ ; -a f i -3-r ., respec= :t

covert, ?roe wh:;.' was i r ~ s o ear:~er it ~r.j,i(i$ nar beer. :a:se6 to

i5.6,d~c. .vcrirer, icr i?eiiificario.? of i3ii2.er, -r lower :ur-off pcmc

r.. 5.z; ?i*.d c: a i i u a ; nsa7. ?eve? c i iiS.C,e:~2'.

?= *arge= prcrc, inier :a>?, civ;risas si ,arrnrs cateearres

OF r.:i2 c~~:les :.he r-ii: sac ;irg;nal farreis, ceneu::uial

I rbodrer3 , i9.7-ep;:rir~rr: ICI3-l:zrE and nii: i l L : S a , E . The p Z O D o r i l O i l

o f sci:sd12c1 C B E : ~ 3 6 ar.5~311ad t l i b s 3Ereil~izriel sbrbld .not he :cis

:aaa 10 pi: a e ~ c , iicsre.re:, ef'or:~ S io~rL ' ie q a l c i s enrcre :.oat rbs

benefiie rneez :a> ~rojr i . -e, w ~ i : :E eirec;sd iolards r m e n ;e.mhe:r oi

ice tcc.ii'.aidr wen Were fbeg ere ;oc .heads cf t i ? o a e i e h 0 2 d s ~ ~ . m e

i s s e t a $rovi;ed r3 tie selected ;:o,m;,c;2s ,ere f;iiar:ei :i?rwpb a rir

oi G C r . E l ? . i C Z I e l - - i ~ i d i e . i ~ d IP3T,T. , : l?ni l Oredit 5 - :. a r E I . V B -Clbi2ll

?i 7.2. cap;tii c:sr of :he asserr * a s r m s ~ d i j e d r o

ice exreai of 15 9s- ce.rr i c r s.11: sr-err, 33 113 jer ce.Tr far

,m.,-,,d i a r m r s , a g r ~ c ~ 2 : ~ r a i ; a k ~ : e : s an3 r u a : ~ 2 : ~ s z : s a m 6 5 0 pez

zen- I,r tie 6chedul.d rr.iea. ; iiurily ca.:? i e c e l v ? up^.= Zs.3,OO: bd

..y Of S Y . , C I C ~ . I" dT",?"f j r o r e areas . Z!.. 2rr.2: sf Elbrrol ceiling was

R 6 . d , O C O VhII? ?9r Z?a>a: 9?nefic2zr23s A? b a s 7.S.i,~5:",

prr :~~?e-e.c+at;o. of Z6DO :be general:j nrceprs?' bsr~c

adn:l;-.trdi-"e irli 2s 326:C:Ct ?Cia, >E?el3g?elL 14e lc3 D2DLI. Dlih 2 5

u61.3r,, i;eaaec a:, t . E _ISiTICf Sil:e?ioz. ItS ~OVer.E:TIg illc:oqes

, ~ ~ t * r r oi Pi.ri;r.eii, *ert.erB r f .it*:* L E g i 5 2 i i l 7 E aSieTt;ieS,

"P'rrr7railriE .i i C - : . s , ;rn:*er ircrllrl Sf ti;s EO;1EIg. 9;*11..1n: and

. , - i : r-e' i i r jc- o; ;?:P is -ha 2 c ~ -i S ~ D ~ I . p12C:1Ce, it :6 bi L ~ O C X

. C J l ~ . - I m :ia-i i r e pz.;irs3 ei- . - I . E " ~ L m : E . , me I - > l i Z C< ih6

.ars:ril ,e 2s LIZ: ~ E S ~ S E C C 3" t..e blo-A lsvii ~ f - : ~ i a l ~ , d r rii. = t e i e

-ev?i -bar= .i 3 coO:clCa:i~y a o 7 " l t L I e 50 r s l l s r SPD" 1s piar ,"irg,

:-ple,-eliiilc? i.2 .c->r7:lij C! 1% pIo?l&T-? Zii iC eDP.IE .lnkL-g=E

a'% r.^z?elaa:>c.", io*t?er, r i :be ill I.d:;- le7.l ti. 3eparioenri: sf

" " r i ~ DFi-e.Cpmi,i: e-3zr.c m e ?fi.crl"e r-2-emenietroa Of -.he ep13?rPT"-?.

?,*re AS cen t ra l :T,mii:ee f o r i';; illl 3r:i srilrr rnt3-11.ierir

i ; ~ c ~ r w R i S , heedel b j t " e SDcretirg, iiial 3 e , i l c i l e 2 ? . 36sed ~ p m the

inai 2ecr rece:.,cz :rum i*? field, r h r i Co,--l::eE ir11qs L>OLL FoIIL_.

:T.rc;e4 ::I h f l t ? ? pio$la,%-e iormr..;la7 210 I-p??,-?pririu"i2.

Pzogres.. of IMP

:2: ?=:;rE-.Te s i q s 6t czl?;l"; 15 ,?>::ACE r w a : f a T l > J e s a>w<e

the g 0 u I r : y > ! r e oy ;ie en0 of the Six:> iiua ielr Plan 11980-81! 1 .e .

a: ike race of 1,900 f r l l l e r g=r a?cci iirl"g L l c glan pcrlod. I k NOJIS

r e ctierved iron ail^ i . li fbar r i c :::el a i loc i r t l rn Lvr!i.? 161 5?x*!.

.=;a>: ?EI15d "as 21. 1,500 Cro:es tsl$wr6r iZ3 .:rcrre-oe aiar1i .q egirii; oy

:be ren:rr 236 the srar-:. m z l r q r.?c i:ar e r r o i the ba-ks *.;-re

CXpeC.tei t 3 d:rbsrse ;hi toe6: t.2, cre3:r ai PS.?,CC1 oicres. R e t o m 2

ex.oen~;~urs for :as ~ - ; i e - ~ ~ r ~ : ? ~ i ;i roLa ~ r u : r w " i e 6 l i r m g 7989-35

a-:u,zte< :2 .?e. >,66f, >7 CrDze5 CIOSS:~~ = h e zarger sf 0 5 , 1,530 9rCreB.

5nr ;ts .luerrms.n; -obrlr;ed -ias n l c ~ t 3 5 . 4 , 7 6 2 . 7 8 or0r.i er igains; <be

iircei xs.d,so~ srrn.5. ;,;ilrg 198~-81, :he ninber of tenei-crarles

aESr2ted ,,ere ~ c e :arhr rx;.seGAnr r!!e za i re , ~r t ~ c lakh teaef:aiiries.

D ~ ; Cf on =:-a? ~ L S ~ S I ~ O , Lie S:/Sr ;+zeii:iariea were 66 la(i.s ( 3 9 Psi

cs:ii) c?ailli r>e target c: j o :an;r 133 39: zr .> i , .

7iDl. i . -, si:r,_. :?a: r.:e iaI?E:E 2nd i:b?eVe.e~tE of i a e per

c d p l i a E Y ~ E I ~ ~ , BE: :ag:iC c r e d ~ i , per cap-in i~zss:rcm. a r d s e t s a d ,

:Ienlr r?i.c Ilirl;? SZX-h l a . : j?i;od l 3 i C - 8 5 , .

Table 2.14

?:ogress i n Xs5:siince I r c o l d e l by iamks Irr6?: IPD?

2;- S e ~ e c z . ? '.a; ~ ~ Y J E . ~ E L a targe: li r i s ~ i r ; n p 2C mii2:m

. .T. ---:-" I" :lain; a<?: 0 -:ll.on ci 5 . x - 3 ">an 3ene;rcre;ies .it,

'""-3 -1: C r D j s t':e J O l C r b U .ire C,XC a;? ra be Fr;v;ssd hlil

' " p i l E i 7 b r z ; ~ Y d ' S l S L 3 n C P I . IjilF. > . , I C3"Ta.ns t n a i 3CIliq i?BO-dT,

3 7 . ' 2 l&i:. fr,;::ei xara a r s l r i e l z..d :=r,- a*cuni?.qc to 4s. i , i ? l . S

CTOIes vere 5 . C ~ i l r s n i L: tz,:xs 1s a g ~ l r s : d I . d i l i k i ia71AAts ard ;ern

loan: or " r : , l i j . i crcre~ .Ir 1 3 6 7 - 6 8 . 3: :re isie: -m,ser of fa->:re2

i iss :S^?d 2.7 2388-e9, 17,SC 146.4 ~ e r -er r , i;lL i~qllies > e 2 r l g e d t o

rles ircci eL 8 . 7 8 (13.1

3.1-00 1985-9S, i c k s nsslsied 33.52 l a b oeisf.r>zirer a s

ss-pared :-it; 3 7 . 7 2 lam Ler?f:r:ar.c.r 2.7 ;be jrecad:.?g e e a z . P razal

a-~~- .n i oii ar.:,2zi crgris a* :cars era i i r . b l j c iarss as s u b r ~ d ~ w.5

dieu-reed t o :?e teni;e!lc;<r:?.i U~ter :13 Progr i - re is 7969-9:. 9ci d

3 ? . 5 1 liPl O e l ? : i C l a n L I ;rr;;ied Llr;-p ' b e jiai 1981-30, 1 5 . 4 5 lidh

bEie i l r l aTLa3 be:=-ged :O SS.F/E:s iD0 Z."; i d k 5 L?d."e<:ClirliS Mere

wown. ;iring :ha serecr i ~ ; a r . iermd, iank. cssiried 162 :a$

re;el:cla:~es :f ro;c.h i i . 5 7 :a<.> ieleflcrarrs5 reio,?g=d ;o Sir 51s and

j d . 3 2 lihh vers w;;*ea ienr:c i5rra l . 6,r% L b c i g i , :r was a>v :s lqe6 ih;t

i? rli;:c~ f j " l i l e c r ~ ? ~ d T? ~ o v b r ? ? - diiirrg :ir Seienr; 11. ?rrr:b

.mer ;WP, co;.er,-.T?r: ir.dls i c r e <.xed t t e c c t a ~ r a r q e r -r 16.03

nillloir :ax>:;er t o SD assistad. AS aqa;nst trla i e r c e t , 18.18 w ~ l u o c

f m ~ i ~ ~ s +,ere cctaailg arsls;ed diring :be &la." zerlod. Ags:lst: the 3116-

target ;i 20 ger ce.nt ezr!, 05 rcrue1 alc:.czib s.ieficiar;es fix?? for

S^/S? i.?c *icvc- t.asf;clir;es, :he achl5.emsr.r u.35 4 5 g e i :en< a l i rz .9

CBC ceirr risjec:;i.elg. i cans 3.d r~irr~zg dirb~rred : u r i oq toe serenth

Fid. %mSiited iO PS.1.3'3 C T C . I 3-6 P S . 2 , i l ? crsrei i e ~ p e c . . i r e l g ~ ~ .

National Roral Dn~loljrnent Pragian-e (>,REP)

:ZE h a : l o ; i nlrai ~;2cy..eii s i ~ a r m m c , ' . = B P I : B L . - c L ~ ~ silce

i91:. : r e nisi!? O:;SCTI.?E 3: zbe ?iogza-?e _ire : 9 1 ~-.lie:iiim of ga~.9f.12

ez::od",e::e i z r :he ~ x e ~ p k d e 6 6.53 .~de:en~Jog?d, hw.9 ,?en a . ~ d ,gome? L.-

:-3 s ~ l r d areas . il ~ r e a ; : ~ , ? cff-rrdi:i;?e ccimu;,rri. esre ts for rhe

2msi.r of i ! ~ jsverzy ; rour i a?.: for rire.qg:tsi;:-g ?he r.ra: ecraar-

;J;: scclal :rrjsrr,st.ie u2!cl: t o a :sl.d y r c i : mrai

erar,-y en3 rzradi r :s r i n n r s n i l;.rel; cf i:e rur i : jogr. ( 3 1

impro:Ji,Teri I n ' h e cver.?l ~;;.ii, si::ic i n rir;J sreas.

1 3 ~ PrcqrLTrn bas bessn,e s l ~ x i r g r z i >art of cie i ~ r c ~ = a r

P lans 6-6 Szfice ti? Zlrti. i l a l , swt. , - ;~s ;c 25 ;n;l?,asr:e6 B E 'i

lerrralIy E ~ ? S O : S ~ P I ~ ~ I T T E . CL d 5 3 i 5 3 sldz1ng b d i i e betwee5 the

centre i..: .oe sr i rsr . :he se.r=nr :ezi"iri 0: r r e Pri -yrave z r e , i'l-r

t h e rcasrrzez a r c i.:ccs:ed :c ;e sra;es,i;;:on tarrrio:ie.r aa ba8.s

Sf IEsCrlDed ::?reria gi.,>zg , i p . r CeLI we;r.n:ree ;s A c h a o r e r r ,

-aiqlna: firrl.rs ari ,-rrqlrs? i c r r e r j in: ji per cent *,eig,rage $0

1n;ldE"C. Cf P3"E:ir. iP I i . ? ; lT , i C n.z i E l r 51 L.? ~ ? ? O C ~ ? I U ~ li

ear,:rried i31 i:r13 drrectlg >e,7eflriil? SCrdSTs, and 25 lei Ce-l. sf

*illscicror for i o m i ? fars~r:? n r b .

Drr;ag i j i 6 - 2 9 , a nsl rc reae of co,asrr~cilsl: ;f ~ r r l g a t l o n

dells far ic/j:ra-ely, ice Ylll.ci W?: scheme r - i i.?rmO;csd as sub-

s=,% e,?e nnr.r :,'Ri;L:,.~;~G?. 2= oi;z;:;?e ;: ri. J:!!.-L li LC prCYI9* "*ell

>rnqz::c; <ell: f ree oi -0;c :a r'?se ;eci:e .,urrg heiow ;orarty i:ne

a-C :;r?er:?d I?;r'er ;?a 11c1 l S t , n e 61r.iior l i t b e ScLcn* :s Vd?

,,a ,-a.8 - Et6r:.7g rzcr $??. ; 3 2 # . ?I-e z3:zl --:u-r a~:acace6 f u :,>s

Szh12pe 3:;irg 2388-61 "6s . W E . i i l . 5 CITiEI.

E . . 1 . . a $ 2 7 - E

$ i ?I 2 a 3: E" , i ' .

I' ' d l *e oCs.rd.3 :rc- Table 2.;5 iiit tcr - h e rm&:e.lDo:acio?

ci !;Xi? flrlnj is?$-d5, : is? i l i ; ~ ~ r \ n 5r ~ ~ . ( g i _ 2 CrDrPj we;a

c I - O C C ~ ~ C as celtzal rh3:e -,:ti. a i iz t : img r.mie afis.C?o.7C crcres sj

:.?e S i c r e r . I:: aC?iilcx, 2 i . 9 3 ci?rer l i er i ;r~ ldeLI for sl~glq of fo:d-

~ i e ~ i i s in3e.- c-e Prorrav"-s. :n reaper: c al?ocai:n.j c.58 use of forti-

C r a i i i m d e r r:,e i r ig rz i l rn , 2 . i ~ :a?.? -err:= rolnss of to,:-jriira $airs

bee.? ;;.;.rre i.;: chi $38 o; 'vlr,erber ,386 arz!.~; = h e :e:casc cf

3 . 3 2 :r'm ro7;lcs Vi; Sele-ber ;5?9, dbsc: 228 r l l l i o i l a r - d i g s here

beel se;sraied i r+o z e z e - ; ? ~ ' 9 8 ) a jc i is r rie r a r j e r o f itC i . . l i~cn ma.--

iags 2s: re" ci -,*:$* rie .rT/S?, .i."dlesE an9 ro-en ver. r"ijl.lb 5 5 per

Cex:, d 3 gar cent 5-6 2 3 -2s: ce:t :esD??::,zei,,

I.:* e-r.3ails 3~ . 7 i P E,r:-.j rCe Sere.-ib P:en e l c c n p r i r l o g ?be

'.!ree -*;or o,;Ecr.,t.l cf isc*, *or% a;d p r " d u c r l . r l r y isae tee;.

czirrqlrci. ;., ills sr.-=i:i plei ~;r>o:, an c v t i a i r? i i s . z , l i b mores

rrcluoirg s:s:CI $"are oi R s . , 2 1 7 Crarsi his Deer. jror;icd fcr VREP,

wire: 1s ?."sls>ge1 t3 gS2EIdi. ; l l p :O j -F .? t if i3ii: : i l0? T 3 i - - d i ? E

3,011,--.

~ur.1 1mdles5 mploymenf ~ u a i m t e e Pro?iam7c ( N E G P I

Tre P x e 1 Lanfls;r imp:aiPsr: C d a r t i r c e irc?ranme 'IILISPI W i E

;c"nc>.d 1. , 5 1 3 w::i tzs 3,]esilre 0- S.ae:s..l.: g a m f l l eip2oj7e7t,

criaf;i Fr;drsi:.;a I n l srs i are.# acd :rpr;vr.zp **is arerai:

pua:iiy c- rcra: 2;fs. i."; cf:.h= p r o y r a ~ , ? ~ h i s not deer

cpersr:onbi ;1 car iue :G ;=z i t i ..eso.ices. ?.?e irogrcrrne g2r-rs

pieierence r e ?7plor?enr c i r a r d l z s s isronre:s, xomec, SCs/511a. Tne

P5r.r~ rbr $ % e l 1333-53 ' .g5? Deca.:er i?dF!, 62,C88 ho>j?s

We:* ~ o o s i r j c i e d d: n i x r ci 9 5 . 6 2 . i ororel r;dei i?.? :nd?ra iws.iz

Yoland. >"is: 5u-lal Pcres:l,, a- v9urr 0: *s. '3 .50 crarc. bar been

arlo3i;ed Ip;~ ~cce-her 1983, rs t a b i p r ~ k n- ~ o v a m r c a t connm2:y

;ards, 2.60 S I I E E , ca.93: e - h a x - e ? ~ . iciui: exje.?d:t.~i: t;1; rbe end o r

3eren;lLer 19ES &- i l r r?d i o S . l i . 8 crmei ,I?.? a .?'l.nca: aC.?;eVem?nr o f

itio~?s~a:iir C: 91.12i i.ec:d?e~. : iaijer oi 95,930 on1;s Of weill u l : h

en n r ~ s z - e n z :i '8. f53.7 ,:is :;a8 See.; m7;sais6 icr 1388-89 inder

iie Yl i ; i on i ie;?~ schext. iie Lori . exp$na?c..-e ~.?rsr n d ELT?F ii.

;gat-89 i-5i-:cd rl .+s.jli :.-r*s ,i.c-s 3ecaibe: i?2a, as agz:nrt a

Self Emplosr:2enL SObeJ2e <or Educated Uneriplu?ed Youth (56SUYJ

S d f En#.a??rrr S-is-s fsr ~ n r c z r e ? ~, .?englc~el iaszi i s i r a ~ !

fcrr.:a:ef 29 5;s i o , e n , ~ n r a i :r.dii, ? n smr;:;iric~ C I : ~ m e R B I , 1.i

Cciober '983. i z e a: e~cubri;in~ e1~ci:si. line-i!ayed rogths t o

szderta%e self e-p:03-e;i vsnt r re j l n ~ r d ~ s i r u , rer , rce -ad busraesr

:bra.gn ;zoi.is~ur. ?f pzc i zee of ais;sra-ce rncl2d:cs iznk c r ~ d i i . It

r^.,er5 a l i (Oi?,$B rn :?I ape ai i d :D 35 : s a i E " 2 3 -.mxv--

i":;ilsa;:n~ oi rzir;c..lcllo;. A ' ; are.5 c i ;... ccrn*r, .xcer'tl'lc

cl:-es r . i r ? E3giiiil ,i of i ? i I t l E and ejc... ere corer.5 by T.bF Fcbe7e.

;ar;.; fired ' 2 : b.?e Scle-e :s 2 . 5 :ad? ,ouris .u a i'eir

_T t7e csxi*rg. I,7ri;;;rg, :;. 5r*.1e i a c :3 be ?,-p'"e"i' :n:2 ri

I ? P ? - i d , rcr;eqier.ri:., 2 : iai E x S E I C e b to 1984-85 a.71 a r a i r is iFd5-26.

I:: , g 6 ~ - 4 / , It 4.. dsc:dsd :c = x : e ~ l g i r e srn!er? =c ;I.= r s r a ~ n l r s perrod

r:is j~,enti ?lam. c ~ . ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ c;' tie s c w e ~n tic 4 gears sf $eviin?h

?.ss :a ??,e~? ? Z -= ; e 2 . ' 7 .

Table 2. 17

: . ' E n o C s: E E E Y icbe.* bl ii: .'ch.t"2ir' Ci.ierc:rl ji7kS

;i "69 bi 7erl;crief t'lL ri;e-.-a:i!;, r:,e r r x i i i m a",,llri of

13ia irrert 79 a bor:orcr i a s Ri.Zj.O?C. F;c. iSa i -Z ; , the m a x i r u m a-cnn;

i3i 9ii ~;dritr;sl o.71: h a 3 bee" rrzsed $0 le.?i,?u:, bat fo r h ' n i u e a s

puzjmsee, 3: his beer rEC1CEd LC Pa. IL,bCS i..ersa.i fsr ServicDs, r"S

r c r n ; .Pii renei"ei u--c' .rl?ed ii is.ii,U;?. Pccordrng ic the iirectii.es

nt i.*e sc;-ere, :c;n; s?rC^is?ed t3; mi..lir:ai rEa iL res ~ b r d l i ""5 i5

less i n a r 5' ga r c.2: sf t ne Co;al nrnser rlr?rioaea a r d lo ins for

tnr ines6 s;;::ii rior e x e s 6 35 jer cent 3i the iceel. 2 *IcJr.r of 33 per

ci.q: r; lrrnr are :er?rr;d for . C C / i i ~ ~ . n d l l d : e s ~ " .

,,"ring ,387-BE, 2.0: :a*> b*.roirzli*ies , ,we teen assllfed

i lk .? 2.3 i?gregite ~ ~ 9 d i i sf i=.ii7.~3 crurcs B E azaiqst the target ci

;.is iekh _ i e 3 ? - i i c i r ~ : e r ~ ~ . a e ; ~ I : c ~ ~ : l e s ra ie assisred r n l c r SZEOY ii

i 9 d l - d 8 :+-E f : x r e 6 3 1.25 i2VPS d i d?al.?sI 2 . 5 .ahhs IT 1356-ZT. The

Scheme of .7ariahar Rozgar Y 0 , m a (JRF,

r:.e J,,,,.lar ?,Zj, l YGI,,,, ( J ' Y , r;a; ;air?PeB d r r i r g r>.e gear

'E39-9: a # C ? iiie-i..,. l-rs: e-ilccme,r ragra--e fir t?cii;n? i'e

- .-^-'--."B ...m=- ~ i r - l l i y p l e l r jrclle-. T. .. sic-5 a>nrars.i as a r.gie rclal

=;Z:G~.=~L y r ; g r a m . ~ ~ 1" C.~ .Z .~ b i r r "i2.c md I:;s~ beer 7.rg.d. m e

SChLie !I CWizi;:y-_C?3i.~::EB 0.7 i 85.2 ' sha:lri$ LCISIE 3ei,,ee" tic

CerrT? e:!d :!le sieiei. 2.k- prc$:r.~~- e"71sez:d Ireiereoce -0 the 3Cr!S?5

I.?? io,-odic cr.rs.i an; bas reicrr~d 30 acr -e-r 2: ~ g i o i , s . n t

s;.co:i"n>tlas ior x3-E;.

ZhS .a:-. sa,ecri.,cs of Jii a r e ; gensrli.or ai cbd:ironei

gi:nill eGplrg-.7f for t:e ~ncir,::~cd ax9 i .?d:r-en~lul.b ;r tne r i i a 1

irers -.,3 crei:;;r. "i n:c13-:9al2" prCty?i:ve .id ~ " I . l < i i Y ~ 6 e i ~ i

l iSS:S . ilr.der ti* Ss:Ene, r,:. C..7irr, .bliEianCe ii 7e;eared d;iec;:, t o

the 62-bc:c:s. !;at ieol t o i n 81 3i.r cerr rf i'le iiio.'ailan i? dlstrrstr

* ! 0 5 cei irre 3x3 ti.* sii:e.i are r e q r x e d rr be 2-re" directiu :o she

" ' ~ l a o e p e " c i y a i s .

T,e 'ii enn isag id ?n ex:crl . iure sf Rr.i,625 cicrls 4 u r l n g tie

..jraroia1 1585-95, "klZ' i". eaiia;.iio: of ce.7:re; 3rsrr:ance I S

d r w x d R S , ~ , ? C C CICIP~. iie ew--o,rmr qi.israi;or tir?sr - . ~ d e r rhc

.Ccbepe ;s a,oo; 7 3 7 rr2:;a. - ia- 'ai+ lirl.-i. r b . ..ILT.

Rurdles in F==ncmg various ~rogramm=r for weaker sectlons

'.!' ? 5 7 E l l b e.le~.a-~~-. j r3gra*-es CIL:a ze9ired

P o : r = s r twz==s ? l l r l - a i r e ~ sf 2a.a:;j eq? ~ C . , ~ ; O B T E : . of rura: eraas

r s ine .*psitsc :.7.i. ;*s i:r?;eElcsirrrJlrl~r.r;3ns OLEirs;; a r c .

fa1 Identlficatlan of miio .er -d seleciion of ~ c i ~ v i t ~ riannced is not

n a i c h ~ ~ a

:, .B S c v e c ~ e i l i ~ : . ~ c l a : . i z i ,we:. zr L ink -zragerr hi?.

f a c i s r c i r5e.r 211 n a r g r e s inrl iil.n>;ca fsr ar r r l iZ3g t i T 7 E t 6

e - l r l i i e ? LY i1.e Ca.,en-e::rl;;;i".;E, ;srh.jz 2.. -0 .srs ?;l?,!asls

: a ~ d 3, Z I C evth::;:;e.r cr ac.bls.,i;? 7" ~ ~ 3 2 7 ~ :L :e:,-s of zialii~:j and

r.lD.rr. Tt.3 his r.9c::-,7 .c arc-g r de i ; l i ; c a r l r ; 5: scrrorer a 5 re21

3 s act;.,i5j :irc,7csi. ;7 iact, t:e se;nctz;- >i icci.,iii 3o.s n s i qais'l

e;:a?r .r:O ;re cs-pzre":~ 3-1 r i j i e ri in ' bsrrc ,ec or with t;?e 3 8 E i ~

2rfrasrr.rir;:e a t ~ ; : r b ? ~ ;? :;:a: ji5il. T";s, %he gTi;eCL/aCE171:I

.risrieie- no: v-ab.i. fal . ;c ich;e:.e roe breaq eves psirr.

ibl Political Inteifeimse and Carruptlon

z:n<age Of sibsrr'g :r r,s S h a r e of iiranc;e1 >2."?i l iS " ~ t b roe

rrre: oereiapasnr -.rc?rr~es co-pled wr:i m cr i~rer :a o i ~rulec=i:-

fr;rr Gc.li.cni i+edels -f .vlii;-e :=,el ma: reed not re)aj rhs

;;i?s an8 r ishss :C L?ke ;crrr : i~r tie link ~rie igect i 'rs sf his

cc ipe ie ro? , ;ecds in8 fi5:el. m ? g ;3 ssrr finan2:ni gaana. Ihu;, a

c",-pr3rt:sn *won$ r u r a l peop:s ic ;axe Ici" fro, 2.7': ."as orer3hadcrci

-2; dc:rrlrlel reie:ing ro rrrc: dE7s:CgRe2i:eLUl:in? i L I O ~0llCiDdl

i-.tsrfeimce, 0srrdp:ios air6 ;o-.-repag,-.a; a5 .eii as m.si^;;isarim of

t a a i r o i a s .

f C I Lack of Cuidance/Su~poi~ from Covermnenr ilgencles;~anxs

?PC bc-rower eces ro t ye: ar . j ~.poo:i and ?a:da?as ii2tner fscm

133, ta-k sr tne o f f ? c ~ a l b sf otner igenc ie i enlaget ~n r ~ r a i

ceic-obr,e-i , i n -sir a i r;? ~lff~cill:; ai **e l r.?. ici:?iru;prcject is

.cot ?enlrai:."g 3.roiir Ircsml scr.ilcie.i r o slppsri .,A& ia,:i;. c r

reDa9ler.r of ri. loam. 1.n tieprsCeeS, ne se ts as-;:;jrrri-2 rnd >arscs

a11 1.n:srsat e-3 rz11 pre: *3 > Z * 6 i Z **azs ?:<* 2 : e ~ " S & ~ , z e & Cf a 9 B e 5 a

f;cn l̂d rg i zarr ci?.il ie or acr i r r ry . 7% ??I* r r e i i t ir . ,er.?l in

EUC- a c i l i - l i ~ s i C::E xiste * ; i c h r br:r?;ny ;a, i~ j raue~+ ,7 i l r .

( d l Poat-Sanction Pollow Up

:irrc?.drc ria:: is r i ~ :ire> Eralc'es, otl-%.- yr:crx*r.s in6

D ~ e ~ s r r e j r i i i d : r: iol2ax hp ai y o i t s.nc:lr.: i ~ i i a t r c n ~n whlrr.

binre !:aie no elr:er si feedbas!, a.-mr roe c.ico-i- rf .ci.es*ect sf mi.k

~i.Cit, iC;,.,.L~liarrCnli-w>ee, :*"l, biilS d l * l n i b i e i o i'enflh ti.

-,eat areas of r r ra ; f;.?arce.

f . 5*::as~ldd:i- , :., ,-sCcii: 3*.-il.njjioi10 sc-nd,,, F,,,aciai

BxDress, :.:, i ? , 1939, ?. 1 .

2 . Regor? sa C l r r i n o ~ m i ?irancs, 1398-85, w.1, E ~ ~ . ~ ~ , ~ ~ neview,

9e.ier-r; i3,l.P Irdri, pp, 179- . 7 5 ,

3 . Ihli., p. 167.

1. :bid., r . Ib7.

5 . 'i: 3u:lsi;;, Lead Bank schene - Progress and Perspective, VO:.XX;',,

?O. I ! , '11'1SrDer r G l O , o. 1317.

6 . I L : ~ . , p. ;r i t .

7 . : A ? * , , 2. ; 5 : 5 ,

8 . E"'?:;o, r . , ' ,LEEd i d P i < ' C E " ? 2°C 'Oil 6s l i ~ d ? 3i?i.... I ' 0 1 . X i .

Yo .> , SBI H o n t h l y Review, iehr~ir, 1976, p . 6 8 .

9. Zcr?., r.55.

13, ie?rr; 9ri :r ise arc Zrcqress cP ainnmg rn :.nZlr, 1973-10 , Lead Bank

Scheme, 181, gp."-O.i.

ii. h i d . , p . 4 5 .

i l . R e ~ o z r ST I re .7~ i r d Piscirsz o! 3aaPir; 21. I r c ; a , 1987-88. Lead Bank

Scheme, iP;, p.i. :03-llC.

13. lepor t cn Clrrepcj and i ; i .a~ze , , 9 6 2 - b 9 , 73;.;, 2 ~ 0 7 ~ 7 1 ~ ?eVi l i ,

>.T .ai, pp.Sb-S-.

56 . .bib., 2.53.

l i . Xepor i a? Cur:e.ncy aal ix.arc?, 19iC-81, V o j . ; , 3 c l - a i c Re. i iex,

4.11, D.34.

16. ~ , I : P : ~ ? , ~ifierultia? eat= of mtercat Ssh-e - M maiuat ion ,

~~i.xil:;, rva.5, Id?. 1983, cp.46l-i63.

:7 . .Fepmrr 3z c.:~e~c,, E-,$ ? >r=. ,m* ... , *<o-e5, -;,:.::, Re:, p , , 2 7 ,

' 8 . lzL"'- a , C r i r E - c . ;-3 Tlra. c r , ;?g:.#>, ;,".,I;, iil, D, 133,

l i . B J l 'i::erl,,, i:.c..:, , iF.'i:-<i*,

2 9 . :>:G., . D n , 4 5 < - < 6 > ,

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Perspectives and Appppraaches, star:.-? ?l?l:3~eri 'i, I ra . , re84

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P,iersbad, I 5 2 2 , 8 . 11.