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Davide

Sbarrato

— 105 —

GAZZETTA UFFICIALE DELLA REPUBBLICA ITALIANA Serie generale - n. 17024-7-2014

RETTIFICHE Avvertenza. — L’ avviso di rettifi ca dà notizia dell’avvenuta correzione di errori materiali contenuti nell’originale o nella copia del prov-

vedimento inviato per la pubblicazione alla Gazzetta Ufficiale . L’ errata corrige rimedia, invece, ad errori verifi catisi nella stampa del provvedimento nella Gazzetta Ufficiale . I relativi comunicati sono pubblicati, ai sensi dell’art. 8 del decreto del Presidente della Repubblica 28 dicembre 1985, n. 1092, e degli articoli 14, e 18 del decreto del Presidente della Repubblica 14 marzo 1986, n. 217.

AVVISI DI RETTIFICA

Comunicato relativo al decreto legislativo 4 luglio 2014, n. 102, recante: «Attuazione della direttiva 2012/27/UE sull’efÞ -cienza energetica, che modiÞ ca le direttive 2009/125/CE e 2010/30/UE e abroga le direttive 2004/8/CE e 2006/32/CE.». (Decreto legislativo pubblicato nella Gazzetta UfÞ ciale – serie generale - n. 165 del 18 luglio 2014).

Nel decreto citato in epigrafe, pubblicato nella sopraindicata Gazzetta UfÞ ciale , sono apportate le seguenti correzioni:

- alla pagina 7, prima colonna, all’articolo 7, comma 6, anziché: « c) “1 -bis . L’incentivo erogato… », leg-gasi: «“1 -bis . L’incentivo erogato… », e, conseguentemente, anziché: « d) all’articolo 7, comma 3…», leggasi: « c) all’articolo 7, comma 3… ».

- InÞ ne, alla pagina 20, per mero errore materiale, sono stati omessi i relativi Allegati; pertanto dopo le parole: «Visto, il Guardasigilli : ORLANDO » devono intendersi aggiunti i seguenti Allegati facenti parte integrante del decreto stesso:

“ALLEGATO 1

Prodotti, servizi ed edifici disciplinati da legislazione comunitaria

Ambito Norma nazionale Requisiti minimi di efficienza energetica Apparecchiature disciplinate dalla Dir. 2010/30/UE (etichettatura energetica comunitaria)

decreto legislativo 104/2012

Classe di efficienza energetica più elevata possibile in considerazione dell'esigenza di garantire un livello sufficiente di concorrenza;

Apparecchiature disciplinate dalla Dir. 2009/125/CE (Ecodesign)

Decreto legislativo 15/2011 Se non contemplate da un atto delegato adottato ai sensi della direttiva 2010/30/UE, il requisiti minimo per l’efficienza energetica definito nel Regolamento di attuazione della Dir. 2009/125/CE

Apparecchiature per ufficio disciplinate dal Regolamento 106/2008 (Energy Star)

decisione 2006/1005/CE del Consiglio, del 18 dicembre 2006,

Conformi a requisiti di efficienza energetica altrettanto rigorosi di quelli elencati all'allegato C dell'accordo allegato alla decisione 2006/1005/CE del Consiglio, del 18 dicembre 2006

Edifici Decreto legislativo192/2005

Requisiti minimi di prestazione energetica di cui ai decreti attuativi dell’art 4 comma 1 del dlgs 192/2005 e ss.mm.ii., validi per gli edifici nuovi o sottoposti a ristrutturazioni importanti

Pneumatici – regolamento 1222/2009

— 106 —


ALLEGATO 2

Criteri minimi per gli audit energetici, compresi quelli realizzati nel quadro dei sistemi di gestione dell’energia

I criteri minimi che devono possedere gli audit di qualità sono di seguito riportati: a) sono basati su dati operativi relativi al consumo di energia aggiornati, misurati e tracciabili e (per l'energia elettrica) sui profili di carico; b) comprendono un esame dettagliato del profilo di consumo energetico di edifici o di gruppi di edifici, di attività o impianti industriali, ivi compreso il trasporto; c) ove possibile, si basano sull'analisi del costo del ciclo di vita, invece che su semplici periodi di ammortamento, in modo da tener conto dei risparmi a lungo termine, dei valori residuali degli investimenti a lungo termine e dei tassi di sconto; d) sono proporzionati e sufficientemente rappresentativi per consentire di tracciare un quadro fedele della prestazione energetica globale e di individuare in modo affidabile le opportunità di miglioramento più significative; Gli audit energetici consentono calcoli dettagliati e convalidati per le misure proposte in modo da fornire informazioni chiare sui potenziali risparmi. I dati utilizzati per gli audit energetici possono essere conservati per le analisi storiche e per il monitoraggio della prestazione.

— 107 —


ALLEGATO 3

Potenziale dell'efficienza per il calore e il raffreddamento

1. La valutazione globale del potenziale nazionale di riscaldamento e raffreddamento di cui all'articolo 10, comma 1, deve comprendere:

a) una descrizione della domanda di riscaldamento e raffreddamento;

b) la previsione di come la domanda evolverà nei successivi dieci anni;

c) una mappa del territorio nazionale che indichi, proteggendo nel contempo le informazioni sensibili sul piano commerciale:

i) i punti in cui esiste una domanda di riscaldamento e raffreddamento, individuando:

— comuni e agglomerati urbani con un coefficiente di edificazione di almeno 0,3;

— zone industriali con un consumo annuo totale di riscaldamento e raffreddamento superiore a 20 GWh;

ii) le infrastrutture di teleriscaldamento e teleraffreddamento esistenti o in fase di progetto;

iii) i possibili punti per la fornitura di riscaldamento e raffreddamento, tra cui:

— gli impianti di produzione di energia elettrica con una produzione annua totale superiore a 20 GWh;

— gli impianti di incenerimento dei rifiuti;

— gli impianti di cogenerazione esistenti e in fase di progetto che usano tecnologie di cui all'allegato I e gli impianti di teleriscaldamento e di teleraffreddamento;

d) l'individuazione della domanda di riscaldamento e raffreddamento che potrebbe essere soddisfatta mediante la cogenerazione ad alto rendimento, compresa la micro-cogenerazione residenziale, e mediante il teleriscaldamento e il teleraffreddamento;

e) l'individuazione dei potenziali per aumentare la cogenerazione ad alto rendimento, mediante tra l'altro l'ammodernamento degli impianti industriali e di generazione o di altri impianti che generano calore di scarto o la costruzione di nuovi impianti;

f) l'individuazione del potenziale di efficienza energetica delle infrastrutture di teleriscaldamento e teleraffreddamento;

g) la quota della cogenerazione ad alto rendimento, i potenziali individuati e i progressi compiuti;

h) una stima dei possibili risparmi di energia primaria.

2. Ai fini dell’applicazione del comma 4 dell’art. 10 del presente decreto, il Ministero dello sviluppo economico, se del caso, elabora proposte per:

i) aumentare la quota di cogenerazione nella produzione di riscaldamento, raffreddamento ed energia elettrica; ii) sviluppare infrastrutture di teleriscaldamento e teleraffreddamento efficienti mediante sviluppo della cogenerazione ad alto rendimento e/o uso di riscaldamento e raffreddamento da calore di scarto e da fonti di energia rinnovabile;

— 108 —


iii) promuovere l'installazione dei nuovi impianti di generazione di energia elettrica e degli impianti industriali che producono calore di scarto in siti nei quali possa essere recuperato il massimo del calore di scarto disponibile per soddisfare la domanda effettiva o attesa di riscaldamento e raffreddamento; iv) promuovere l'ubicazione delle nuove zone residenziali o dei nuovi impianti industriali che consumano calore nei loro processi produttivi in aree dove il calore di scarto disponibile, in base a quanto evidenziato nella valutazione globale, possa contribuire a soddisfarne la domanda di riscaldamento e raffreddamento. Ciò potrebbe includere proposte a favore del raggruppamento di diversi impianti singoli nello stesso sito con l'obiettivo di garantire un equilibrio ottimale tra domanda e offerta di calore e raffreddamento; v) promuovere il collegamento degli impianti di generazione di energia elettrica, degli impianti industriali che producono calore di scarto, degli impianti di incenerimento dei rifiuti e di altri impianti di termovalorizzazione alla rete locale di teleriscaldamento o teleraffreddamento; vi) promuovere il collegamento delle zone residenziali e degli impianti industriali che consumano calore nei loro processi produttivi alla rete locale di teleriscaldamento o teleraffreddamento; vii) introdurre misure di sostegno pubblico per il riscaldamento e il raffreddamento nel bilancio pubblico annuo e l'individuazione dei potenziali elementi di aiuto, senza che ciò pregiudichi la notifica distinta dei regimi di sostegno pubblico ai fini della valutazione degli aiuti di Stato.

— 109 —


ALLEGATO 4

Analisi costi-benefici

Parte 1

Principi generali dell’analisi costi-benefici

L’analisi costi-benefici è una metodologia di valutazione della convenienza di progetti di investimento che, nell’ambito della fornitura di energia, deve essere elaborata in base alle risorse disponibili, alle condizioni climatiche e ad altri pertinenti fattori.

L'analisi costi-benefici può riguardare la valutazione di un progetto relativo a un singolo impianto o di un gruppo di progetti, per una più ampia valutazione a livello locale, regionale o nazionale, in modo da definire l'opzione di riscaldamento o raffreddamento più efficiente in termini di risorse e costi e vantaggiosa per una determinata zona geografica, per pianificare in maniera ottimale il soddisfacimento delle esigenze locali in materia di riscaldamento e raffreddamento.

In particolare, l’analisi costi-benefici realizzata dal Gestore dei Servizi Energetici - GSE S.p.A., nell’ambito della valutazione di cui all’articolo 10, contribuisce all’individuazione del potenziale economico della cogenerazione ad alto rendimento, compresa la microcogenerazione industriale, del teleriscaldamento e del teleraffreddamento efficienti e costituisce strumento di supporto all’elaborazione di politiche di sostegno alle soluzioni più efficienti in termini di risorse e costi per le esigenze in materia di calore e raffreddamento.

Le fasi e i contenuti principali dell’analisi costi-benefici sono i seguenti:

a) definizione dei confini del sistema energetico e del limite geografico

Il territorio nazionale deve essere suddiviso in pertinenti sistemi energetici. Il limite geografico di ciascun sistema deve coprire un’idonea zona geografica ben definita, ad esempio una determinata regione o area metropolitana, per evitare di adottare soluzioni sub ottimali in base ad un approccio progetto per progetto;

b) approccio integrato alle opzioni di domanda e offerta di riscaldamento e raffreddamento

In relazione all’offerta, l’analisi costi-benefici considera all’interno del limite geografico tutte le pertinenti risorse presenti e future attese nell’arco di dieci anni, compreso il calore di scarto derivante dai processi di produzione di energia elettrica, dagli impianti industriali e dalle fonti di energia rinnovabile. In relazione alla domanda, si tiene conto delle esigenze attuali e della probabile evoluzione nell’arco di dieci anni.

c) costruzione di uno scenario di riferimento

Sulla base delle informazioni acquisite di cui alla lettera b), si costruisce per ciascun sistema geografico lo scenario di riferimento che, descrivendo la situazione attuale e la sua probabile evoluzione, costituisca la base per la valutazione degli scenari alternativi.

d) individuazione di scenari alternativi

L’obiettivo degli scenari alternativi è di individuare possibili modalità di soddisfacimento delle esigenze in materia di riscaldamento e raffreddamento più efficienti rispetto allo scenario di riferimento di cui alla lettera c). Gli scenari non praticabili per motivi tecnici, ragioni finanziarie, normative nazionali o limiti di tempo possono essere esclusi nella fase iniziale dell'analisi costi-benefici se ciò è giustificato sulla base di considerazioni accurate, esplicite e ben documentate. Nell'analisi costi-benefici, gli scenari alternativi di cui tenere conto rispetto a quello di riferimento sono soltanto le opzioni relative alla cogenerazione ad alto rendimento, al teleriscaldamento e teleraffreddamento efficienti o al riscaldamento e raffreddamento individuali efficienti.

— 110 —


e) metodo di calcolo del surplus costi-benefici

i) il confronto tra lo scenario di riferimento e gli scenari alternativi è effettuato in base all'insieme dei pertinenti costi e benefici;

ii) il criterio di valutazione deve essere quello del valore attuale netto (VAN);

iii) l'orizzonte temporale per il confronto deve essere scelto in modo tale da includere tutti i pertinenti costi e benefici degli scenari e deve rappresentare l’orizzonte più idoneo alla caratteristiche di ciascun sistema energetico.

f) calcolo e previsione dei prezzi ed altre ipotesi per l'analisi economica

i) le ipotesi di andamento dei prezzi sono formulate sull’evoluzione prevista dei principali fattori di input/output e sul tasso di attualizzazione;

ii) il tasso di attualizzazione impiegato per il calcolo del valore attuale netto è scelto conformemente agli orientamenti europei o nazionali, tenendo conto dei dati forniti dalla Banca centrale europea;

iii) la stima dell'evoluzione dei prezzi dell'energia è formulata tenendo conto sia delle previsioni sull’evoluzione dei prezzi in ambito europeo e internazionale, sia delle previsioni relative al contesto nazionale e eventualmente regionale o locale;

iv) i prezzi utilizzati nell'analisi economica rispecchiano i reali costi e benefici socio-economici e includono i costi esterni, come gli effetti sull'ambiente e sulla salute, nella misura del possibile, cioè quando esiste un prezzo di mercato o quando quest'ultimo è già indicato nella normativa europea o nazionale;

g) analisi economica: inventario degli effetti

Le analisi economiche tengono conto di tutti i pertinenti effetti economici. E’ possibile tenere conto, ai fini della formulazione di politiche di sviluppo, in riferimento anche solo a specifici sistemi energetici, dei costi e dei risparmi energetici derivanti dalla maggiore flessibilità nella fornitura di energia e da un migliore funzionamento delle reti elettriche, compresi i costi evitati e i risparmi derivanti dalla riduzione degli investimenti nelle infrastrutture, negli scenari analizzati.

I costi e i benefici da considerare ai fini dell’analisi sono i seguenti:

i) benefici

— valore della produzione per il consumatore (energia termica ed energia elettrica e/o meccanica);

— benefici esterni quali benefici per la collettività in ambito sociale, ambientale e sanitario, nella misura del possibile;

ii) costi

— costi di capitale degli impianti e delle apparecchiature,

— costi di capitale delle reti di distribuzione di energia,

— costi operativi variabili e fissi, inclusi i costi energetici,

— costi ambientali, costi sociali e costi sanitari, nella misura del possibile;

h) analisi di sensibilità

— 111 —


L’analisi costi-benefici deve includere un’analisi di sensibilità per tener conto dei possibili impatti derivanti dall’aleatorietà dello sviluppo della domanda di riscaldamento e raffreddamento, dei prezzi dell'energia, dei tassi di attualizzazione e degli altri fattori variabili che comportano un impatto significativo sui risultati dell’analisi.

Parte 2

Principi ai fini dell'articolo 10, comma 6

Se si progetta un impianto per la produzione di sola energia elettrica o un impianto senza recupero di calore, si effettua un confronto tra gli impianti progettati o l'ammodernamento progettato e un impianto equivalente che produca lo stesso quantitativo di elettricità o di calore di processo, ma che recuperi il calore di scarto e fornisca calore mediante cogenerazione ad alto rendimento e/o reti di teleriscaldamento o teleraffreddamento.

Nell'ambito di un dato limite geografico, la valutazione tiene conto dell'impianto progettato e di ogni idoneo punto esistente o potenziale in cui si registra una domanda di riscaldamento che potrebbe essere servito da tale impianto, tenendo conto delle possibilità razionali (ad esempio la fattibilità tecnica e la distanza).

Il limite geografico è stabilito in modo da includere l'impianto progettato e i carichi termici, quali edifici e processi industriali. Nell'ambito del limite geografico il costo totale della fornitura di calore ed elettricità è determinato per entrambi i casi e confrontato. I carichi termici comprendono i carichi termici esistenti, quali l'impianto industriale o un sistema di teleriscaldamento esistente nonché, nelle zone urbane, il carico termico e i costi che emergerebbero se un gruppo di edifici o un settore di una città fossero forniti da una nuova rete di teleriscaldamento e/o ad essa collegati. L'analisi costi-benefici si basa su una descrizione dell'impianto progettato e dell'impianto o degli impianti di confronto che contempli la capacità termica ed elettrica, secondo il caso, il tipo di combustibile, l'uso previsto e il numero previsto di ore di funzionamento annuale, l'ubicazione e la domanda di energia elettrica e di riscaldamento. Ai fini del confronto, si tiene conto della domanda di energia termica e delle tipologie di riscaldamento e raffreddamento utilizzate dai punti in cui si registra una domanda di calore situati in prossimità. Il confronto riguarda i costi relativi alle infrastrutture dell'impianto progettato e di quello di confronto. I progetti con risultati positivi in termini di costi-benefici sono quelli in cui la somma dei benefici attualizzati nell'analisi supera la somma dei costi attualizzati (surplus costi-benefici).

— 112 —


ALLEGATO 5

Garanzia di origine dell'energia elettrica prodotta da cogenerazione ad alto rendimento

La garanzia di origine di cui all’articolo 10, comma 11 del presente decreto specifica:

a) la denominazione, il codice identificativo, l’ubicazione e la data di entrata in esercizio dell'unità di cogenerazione;

b) l'anno di rendicontazione;

c) la tecnologia di cogenerazione utilizzata con riferimento gli allegati al decreto legislativo 20 febbraio 2007 n.20 come integrato e modificato dal decreto 4 agosto 2011 del Ministro dello sviluppo economico di concerto con il Ministro dell’ambiente e della tutela del mare;

d) la tipologia, il quantitativo e il potere calorifico inferiore dei combustibili utilizzati;

e) le tipologie di utilizzo e la quantità del calore utile prodotto;

f) la produzione lorda di elettricità da cogenerazione ad alto rendimento, conformemente agli allegati al decreto legislativo 20 febbraio 2007 n.20 come integrato e modificato dal decreto 4 agosto 2011 del Ministro dello sviluppo economico di concerto con il Ministro dell’ambiente e della tutela del mare;

g) il rendimento elettrico e termico nominali dell’unità di cogenerazione;

h) l’indice PES, calcolato conformemente agli allegati al decreto legislativo 20 febbraio 2007 n.20 come integrato e modificato dal decreto 4 agosto 2011 del Ministro dello sviluppo economico di concerto con il Ministro dell’ambiente e della tutela del mare;

i) eventuali forme di sostegno di cui abbia beneficiato l’unità.

— 113 —


ALLEGATO 6

Criteri di efficienza energetica per la regolamentazione delle reti dell'energia e per le tariffe della rete elettrica 1. Le tariffe di rete rispecchiano i risparmi di costi nelle reti imputabili alla domanda e a misure di gestione della domanda e di produzione distribuita, compresi i risparmi ottenuti grazie alla riduzione dei costi di consegna o degli investimenti nelle reti e a un funzionamento migliore di quest'ultime. 2. La regolamentazione e le tariffe di rete non impediscono agli operatori di rete o ai rivenditori al dettaglio di rendere disponibili servizi di sistema nell'ambito di misure di risposta e gestione della domanda e di generazione distribuita sui mercati organizzati dell'energia elettrica, in particolare: a) lo spostamento del carico da parte dei clienti finali dalle ore di punta alle ore non di punta, tenendo conto della disponibilità di energia rinnovabile, di energia da cogenerazione e di generazione distribuita; b) i risparmi di energia ottenuti grazie alla gestione della domanda di clienti decentralizzati da parte degli aggregatori di energia; c) la riduzione della domanda grazie a misure di efficienza energetica adottate dai fornitori di servizi energetici, comprese le società di servizi energetici; d) la connessione e il dispacciamento di fonti di generazione a livelli di tensione più ridotti; e) la connessione di fonti di generazione da siti più vicini ai luoghi di consumo; e f) lo stoccaggio dell'energia. Ai fini della presente disposizione la definizione «mercati organizzati dell'energia elettrica» include i mercati non regolamentati («over-the counter») e le borse dell'energia elettrica per lo scambio di energia, capacità, volumi di bilanciamento e servizi ausiliari in tutte le fasce orarie, compresi i mercati a termine, giornalieri o infragiornalieri. 3. Le tariffe di rete o di vendita al dettaglio possono sostenere una tariffazione dinamica per misure di gestione della domanda dei clienti finali, quali: a) tariffe differenziate a seconda dei periodi di consumo; b) tariffe di picco critico; c) tariffazione in tempo reale; e d) tariffazione ridotta in ora di punta.

— 114 —


ALLEGATO 7

Requisiti di efficienza energetica per i gestori dei sistemi di trasmissione e i gestori dei sistemi di distribuzione I gestori dei sistemi di trasmissione e i gestori dei sistemi di distribuzione: a) elaborano e rendono pubbliche norme standard in materia di assunzione e ripartizione dei costi degli adattamenti tecnici, quali le connessioni alla rete e il potenziamento della rete, una migliore gestione della rete e norme in materia di applicazione non discriminatoria dei codici di rete necessari per integrare i nuovi produttori che immettono nella rete interconnessa l'energia elettrica prodotta dalla cogenerazione ad alto rendimento; b) forniscono a tutti i nuovi produttori di energia elettrica da cogenerazione ad alto rendimento che desiderano connettersi al sistema tutte le informazioni a tal fine necessarie, tra cui:

i) una stima esauriente e dettagliata dei costi di connessione; ii) un calendario preciso e ragionevole per la ricezione e il trattamento della domanda di connessione alla rete; iii) un calendario indicativo ragionevole per ogni connessione alla rete proposta. La procedura per la connessione alla rete non dovrebbe durare complessivamente più di 24 mesi, tenuto conto di ciò che è ragionevolmente praticabile e non discriminatorio;

c) definire procedure standardizzate e semplificate per facilitare la connessione alla rete dei produttori decentralizzati di energia elettrica da cogenerazione ad alto rendimento. Le norme standard di cui alla lettera a) si basano su criteri oggettivi, trasparenti e non discriminatori che tengono conto in particolare di tutti i costi e i benefici della connessione di tali produttori alla rete. Esse possono prevedere diversi tipi di connessione.

— 115 —


ALLEGATO 8

Elementi minimi che devono figurare nei contratti di rendimento energetico sottoscritti con il settore pubblico o nel relativo capitolato d’appalto

a) Un elenco chiaro e trasparente delle misure di efficienza da applicare o dei risultati da conseguire in termini di efficienza;

b) I risparmi garantiti da conseguire applicando le misure previste dal contratto; c) La durata e gli aspetti fondamentali del contratto, le modalità e i termini previsti; d) Un elenco chiaro e trasparente degli obblighi che incombono su ciascuna parte contrattuale; e) Data o date di riferimento per la determinazione dei risparmi realizzati; f) Un elenco chiaro e trasparente delle fasi di attuazione di una misura o di un pacchetto di misure e, ove

pertinente, dei relativi costi; g) L’obbligo di dare piena attuazione alle misure previste dal contratto e la documentazione di tutti i cambiamenti

effettuati nel corso del progetto; h) Disposizioni che disciplinino l’inclusione di requisiti equivalenti in eventuali concessioni in appalto a terze

parti; i) Un’indicazione chiara e trasparente delle implicazioni finanziarie del progetto e la quota di partecipazione

delle due parti ai risparmi pecuniari realizzati ( ad esempio, remunerazione dei prestatori di servizi); j) Disposizioni chiare e trasparenti per la quantificazione e la verifica dei risparmi garantiti conseguiti, controlli

della qualità e garanzie; k) Disposizioni che chiariscono la procedura per gestire modifiche delle condizioni quadro che incidono sul

contenuto e i risultati del contratto ( a titolo esemplificativo: modifica dei prezzi dell’energia, intensità d’uso di un impianto)

l) Informazioni dettagliate sugli obblighi di ciascuna delle parti contraenti e sulle sanzioni in caso di inadempienza.”.

14A05966

LOREDANA COLECCHIA, redattore DELIA CHIARA, vice redattore

(WI-GU- 2014 -GU1- 170 ) Roma, 2014 - Istituto PoligraÞ co e Zecca dello Stato S.p.A.

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Transcript of A;SS?NN; O L CN;FC;H; F?AAC ?> ;FNLC ;NNC HILG;NCPC n102.pdf · Z_ Yj_ Wa Z[Yg[id Z[a G_c_higd...