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THE

MON ITORIAL WORK

of the

THREE DEGREES OF MASONRY

and the

ANTIENT CHARGES OF A FREEMASON

ADOPTED BY THE GRAND LODGE

of

ARIZONA

1950

1. A. IVEY

GRAND SECRETARY

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The explanation of the eight classesofhieroglyphical emblems commences atpage 52.

FIRST DEGREE

PRAYEH AT OPENING

Great Architect of the Universe! In thyname we have assembledand in thy namewe desire to proceed in all our doings.Grant that the sublime principles of Free-masonry may so subdue every discordantpassionwithin us—to harmonize and enrichour hearts with thine own love and good-ness—that the Lodge at this time mayhumbly reflect that order and beauty which:‘oign forever before thy throne. Amen.

ANOTHER

Supreme Ruler of the Universe! Wewould reverently invoke thy blessingat thistime. Wilt thou be pleasedto grant thatthis meeting, thus begun in order, may beoonductedin peaceand closedin harmony.Amen.

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4 FIRST DEGREE

QUESTIO ~5

I. Do you seriously declare,upon yourhonor, before these gentlemen,that, un-biased by friends and inunfluenced bymercenarymotives, you freely and volun-tarily offer yourself as~ a candidatefor themysteriesof Masonry?

II. Do you seriouslydeclare,uponyourhonor,beforethesegentlemen,thatyou areprompted to solicit the privileges of Ma-sonry by a favorableopinion conceivedofthe Institution,adesire for knowledge,anda sincere wish to be serviceableto yourfellow creatures?

lii. Do you seriously declare, uponyour honor, before thesegentlemen,thatyou will cheerfully conform to all theancientestablishedusagesand customsofthe Fraternity?

PRAYER AT INITIATION

- Vouchsafethine aid, Almighty Fatherofthe Universe, to this our presentconven-

FIRST DEGREE 5rtion and grant that this candidate forMasonry may dedicateanddevotehis lifeto thy serviceandbecomea true andfaith-ful brother amongus. Endue him with acompetencyof thy Divine Wisdom,0 that,by the influenceof the pure principles ofour Order, he may the better be enabledto display the beautiesof holiness,to thehonorof thyholy name. Amen.

sCRIPTURAL READING

Beholdhow good andhow pleasantit isbr brethrento dwell togetherin unity.

“It is like the preciousointmentupon thehead, that ran down upon the beard,evenAaron~sbeard,thatwentdown to the skirtsoF his garments.

“As the dewof Herman,andas the dewII ~at descendedupon the mountains ofZion; for therethe Lord commandedtheblessing,evenlife forevermore.”

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6 FIRST DEGREE

CREAUON

In the beginningGodcreatedthe heavenand the earth; andthe earth was withoutform andvoid; anddarknesswas upontheface of the deep, and the spirit of Codmoved upon the face of the waters; andGod said, “Let there be light and therewaslight.” ***

THE LAMB-SKIN OR WHITE

LEATHER APRON

Is an emblemof innocence and the dis-tinguishedbadgeof a Mason.More ancientthan the Golden Fleece or RomanEagle,morehonorablethanthe StarandGarterorany order that canbe conferredupon you,at this or any future period, by King,Prince,Potentate,or any other person,e~c-cepthe be a Mason, it is hopedthat youwill wear it with pleasureto yourself andwith honorto theFraternity.

FIRST DEGRER 7

THE TWENTY-FOUR INCH GUAGE

Is an instrumentmadeuseof by opera-tive Masons to measureand lay out theirwork, but we, as Free and AcceptedMasons,are taughtto makeuseof it for themorenoble and glorious purposeof divid-ing our time. It, being divided intotwenty-four equal parts, is emblematicofthe twenty-four hours of the day, whichwe are taught to divide in three parts,wherebywe find a part for the service ofGod and a distressedworthy brother, apart for our usual vocation,anda part fori’cfreshmentandrepose.

THE COMMON GAVEL

Is an instrument usedby OperativeMa-~JuIis to break off the rough and super-Ilous parts of stone,the better to fit themIoi’ tI~~ builders’ use, but we, as Freeiiiic] AcceptedMasons,aretaught to makeuse of it for the more noble and glorious

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8 FIRST DEGREE

purposeof divesting our heartsand con-sciencesof all the vices and superfluitiesof life, therebyfitting our minds as livingstonesfor thatspiiritual building, thathousenot made with hands, eternal in theheavens.

THE BADGE OF A MA5ON

The Lamb, in all ages,hasbeendeemedan emblem of innocence. He, therefore,who wears the lamb-skinas the badgeof aMason is continually reminded of thatpurity of life and rectitudeof conduct soessentiallynecessaryto admissioninto theCelestialLodge above,wherethe SupremeArchitect of the Universe presides.

In the third section we receiveinstruc-tion relative to the form, supports,cover-ing, furniture, ornaments, lights, andjewels of a Lodge, how it is situated,andto whom dedicated.

A Lodge is a certainnumberof brethren,

FIRST DEGREE~ 9

duly assembled,with a Holy Bible, asquareand Compasses,and a Charter orDispensationauthorizingthem to meet.

A Charter is an instrument, emanatingCrom a GrandLodge and, in this Jurisdic-Lion, signed by the Grand Master andGrandSecretary,authorizingcertainbreth-rcn thereinnamed,when duly assembled,to Initiate, Pass,and Raise all good menand true who may apply for the purposeand whom they may find worthy. A Dis-pensation is a like instrumentissuedby theGrand Master during the recess of theGrandLodge,which, for a limited period,confers similar powers. Should you, beingIn a strangeplace andunknown,desiretovisit a Lodge, it will beyour duty to requestoF the committeesentto examineyou thatthey show you some such instrument. If[Ilcy do not, you will retire without per-uilting yourself to be examined, for, ifthey have it not, you may well consideriliern to be an assemblageof irregularMasons.

0

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10 FIRST DEGREE

Our ancientbrethren assembledon thehighest hills and in the lowest vales, thebetter to observethe approachof cowansandeavesdroppers.

The FORM of a Lodge is oblong. It ex-tends from east to ~vestand betweenthenorth and south, and it is said to be thusextensiveto denotethe universalityof Ma-sonry andto teachusthata Mason’scharityshould be equally extensive, for in everycountry and in every clime are Masons tobe found.

A Lodge is metaphorically said to be5UPPOBTED by threegreatpillars, denomin-ated Wisdom, Strength, and Beauty, itbeing necessarythat thereshould be wis-dom to contrive, strength to support,andbeauty to adorn all great and importantundertakings.Thesepillars arerepresentedin the Lodge by the Worshipful Masterand the Senior and Junior Wardens.

The COVERING of a Lodge is no less than

FIR5T DEGRER 11

tlLc cloudedcanopy or star-deckedheavenwhereall good N4asonshopeat last to ar-ilve by the aid of that theological ladderwi jich Jacob in his vision, saw, reaching~rom earth to heaven,the three principal“~unds of which are denominatedFaith,itope, and Charity, which admonishus tohavefaith in God,hopeof immortality, and‘harity for all mankind. The greatest of

these is Charity, for our Faith may be lostiii sight, Hopeends in fruition, butCharitylxtends beyond the grave, through the

I )Oundlessrealms of eternity.

Every well-governedLodge is furnishedwith a Holy Bible, Square,andCompasses.

The Holy Bible is dedicatedto God, itI icing his inestimable gift to man as therule and guide of his faith, * * * theSquare to the Master, becauseit is theproper Masonic emblem of his office; and~bc Compassesto the Craft, for, by dueattention to their use, we are taught tocircumscribe our desires and keep our

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12 FIRST DEGREE

passions within due bounds toward allmankind.

The ORNAMENTS of a Lodgearethe Mo-saic Pavement,the IndentedTassel, andthe Blazing Star. The Mosaic Pavementisa representationof thegroundfloor of KingSolomon’s Temple, and is emblematic ofhumanlife, checkeredwith good and evil.The IndentedTesselis a representationofthe beautiful tesselatedborder or sl~irtingwhich surroundedthe pavement, and isemblematicof the manifold blessingsandcomforts which surround us, which wehope to enjoy by a faithful reliance uponDivine Providence,hieroglyphically repre-sentedby the Blazing Star in the center.

The LIGHTS of a Lodge are three, situ-atedin the East,West, and South. As youmay observe,thereis nonein the Northbe-causeKing Solomon’s Temple, of whichevery Lodge is a representation,was situ-atedso far north of the Ecliptic thatneither

FIR5T DEGREE 18

the Sun nor Moon, at Meridian height,could dart its rays into the north part ofthe building. The North, therefore,amongMasons,has always been termed a placeof darkness.

The JEWELS of a Lodge aresix: threeim-movable,andthreemovable. The Immov-L~ble Jewelsare the Square,the Level, andthe Plumb,andthey aretermedimmovablebecausethey are the jewels of the threeprincipal offices of the Lodge, the Worship-fnl Masterandthe SeniorandJunior War-denswho arealwaysstationedin the East,West,andSouth. The Squaredenotesmor-ILlity, the Level equality, and the Plumbicctitudeof life.

The MovableJewelsare the RoughAsh-jar, the Perfect Ashlar, and the TrestleBoard. The Rough Ashlar is a stone astaken from the quarry in its rude andnaturalstate. The PerfectAshlar is a stonemadeready by the handsof the workman,to be adjustedby the working-tools of theFellow Crafts.The TrestleBoard is For the

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14 FIRST DEGREE

!Ylaster Workman to draw is designsupon.

By the RoughAshlar we areremindedofour rudeand imperfect state by nature;bythe PerfectAshlar, of that stateof perfec-tion at which we hope to arrive by a vir-

tuous education, our own endeavors,andthe blessing of God; and by the TrestleBoardwe are remindedthat, as the opera-tive workman erectshis temporalbuildingagreeableto the rules and designs laiddown by the Masteron his Trestle Board,so shouldwe, both operative and specula-tive endeavorto erect our spiritual buildingagreeablyto the rules and designs laiddown by the SupremeArchitect of theUniverse in the greatbook of nature andrevelationwhich is our spiritual, moral, andMasonicTrestleBoard.

Lodges are situated dueEast andWestbecauseMoses, after having been instru-mentalin conductingthe children of Israelthrough the Red Sea when pursued by

FIRST DEGREE 15

Pharaohandhis hosts,by divine command,erecteda tabernaclewhich he placeddueeastandwest,to commemoratethe miracu-lous eastwind by which their mighty de-liverance was wrought. This tabernaclewas an exact model for King Solomon’sTemple, for which reason all Masonicf~odgesare,or shouldbe, situateddueeast~mndwest.

Lodgeswereancientlydedicatedto King~oIon~on,as it is saidhe was our first MostI~xcellent Grand Master. Lodges at thepresenttime are dedicatedto Saint Johntt~o Baptist and Saint Johnthe Evangelist,who were two eminentpatronsof Masonry;~ndsincetheir time thereis, or shouldbe,representedin every well-furnishedLodgeIL certain point within a circle, the pointcpresentingan individual brotherandthe

(‘ircle the boundary line of his conductbeyond which he should never suffer hispassions,his prejudices,or his interest, tobetray him. This circle is supportedbytwo perpendicularparallellines represent-

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16 FIRST DEGREE

mg Saint Johnthe Baptist and Saint Johnthe Evangelist,andon its toprest the HolyWritings. In traversing its circumferencewe necessarilytouchupon the parallellinesandalso upon the Holy Bible, and,while aMason keeps himself thuscircumscribed,itis impossible that be can materially err.

The three principal tenets of Masonryare Brotherly Love, Relief, and Truth.

BROThERLY LOVE

By the exerciseof Brotherly Love we aretaught to regardthe whole humanspeciesas onefamily, thehighandthelow, therichand the poor, who, as createdby one Al-mighty Parent, and inhabitants of thesameplanet,are to aid, support, and pro-tect eachother. On this principle Masonryunites men of every country, sect, andopinion, and causestrue friendshipto exist

FIRST DEGREE 17

amongthosewho might otherwisehavere-mainedat aperpetualdistance.

BELIEF

To relievethe distressedis a duty incum-benton all men,butparticularly upon Ma-sonswho are linked togetherby an indis-~ohib]echainof sincereaffection. To sooththe unhappy,to sympathizewith their mis-roitunes, to compassionatetheir miseries,andto restorepeaceto their troubledmindsis the greataim we have ~nview. On thisbasis weform our friendshipsand establishOur connections.

TRUTHTruth is a divine attribute andthe foun-

(lation of every virtue. To be good and

true is the first lesson we are taught inMasonry. On this theme we contemplate,and by its dictates endeavorto regulateour conduct. Hence,while influenced bythis principle,hypocrisyand deceitare un-

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18 FIRST DEGREE

known among us, sincerityand plain deal-ing distinguish us, and with heart andtongue, we join in promoting eachother’swetfare and rejoicing in each other’sprosperity.

I

TEMPERANCE,FORTITUDEPRUDENCE,AND JUSTICE.

TEMPERANCE

Is that duerestraintupon the affectionsand passionsthat rendersthe body tameand governableand frees the mind fromthe allurementsof vice. This virtue shouldbe the constantpractice of every Mason,as he is therebytaught to avoid excessorthe contractingof any licentiousor vicious

r FIR5T DEGREE 19

habits, the indulgencein which might leadhim to disclosesomeof thosevaluablese-crets which he has promised to concealand never reveal, which would conse-quently subjecthim to the contempt anddetestation of all good Masons. * * *

FORTITUDE

Is that nobleand steadypurposeof themind wherebywe are enabledto undergoany pain, peril, or danger,when pruden-tially deemed expedient. This virtue is(‘qually distinct from rashnessandcoward-ice, and, like the former virtue, should bedeeply impressedupon the mind of everyMason, as a safeguardor security against~myillegal attempt which may be made,by force or otherwise, to extort from himanyof thosevaluablesecretswith whichhehas beensosolemnly intrusted,andwhich\\‘as emblematically representedon yourflrst admissioninto the Lodge. * * ~

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20 FIRST DEGREE

PRUDENCE

Teachesus to regulateour lives and ac-tions agreeablyto the dictates of reason,and is that habit by which we wisely judgeand prudentially determineon all thingsrelative to our present as well as to ourfuture happiness. This virtue should bethe peculiarcharacteristicof every Mason,not only for thegovernmentof his conductwhile in the Lodge, but also when abroadin the world. He should be particularlycareful, in all strangeandmixed companies,never to let fall the least sign, token, or

word wherebythe secretsof Freemasonrymight be unlawfully obtained.* *

JUSTICE

Is that standard or boundary of rightwhich enablesus to renderunto everyman

his just due, without distinction. This vir-tue is not only consistentwith divine andhuman laws, but is the very cement andsupportof civil society; and,as justicein a

FIR5T DEGREE 21

great measureconstitutesthe really goodman, so shouldit bethe invariablepracticeof every Mason never to deviatefrom theminutestprinciplesthereof;***

FREEDOM, FERVENCY AND ZEAL

Ch. Ch. Cl.

CHARGE

My Brother: Having passedthrough theceremoniesof your initiation, allow me tocongratulateyou on your admission intoour ancientandhonorableFraternity.An-cient, as having existed from time imme-morial, andhonorable,as tending to makeall men so who are strictly obedienttoits precepts. It is an Institution having forits foundation the practice of the socialand moral virtues;, and, to so high aneminence has its credit been advanced,that, in every age and country, men pre-eminent for their moral and intellectual

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22 FIRST DEGREE

attainments have encouragedand pro-motedits interest. Nor hasit beenthoughtderogatoryto their dignity that monarchshave, for a season,exchangedthe sceptrefor the trowel, to patronize our mysteriesandjoin in our assemblies.

AS A MASON you areto regardthe volumeof the SacredLaw as the great light inyour profession,to considerit as the uner-ring standardof truth and justice, and toregulateyour actions by the divine pre-ceptsit contains. In it you will learn theimportantdutiesthat youowe to God,yourneighbor,and yourself. TO GOD, by nevermentioninghis namebut with that awe andreverencewhich areduefrom the creatureto his Creator,by imploring his aid in allyour lawful undertakings,and by lookingup to him in every emergencyfoi comfortandsupport. TO YOUR NEIGHBOR, h~ actingwith him upon the square,by renderinghim everykind officewhich justiceor mercymayrequire,by relieving his distressesandsoothinghis afflictions, andby doingto him

rFIRST DEGREE 23

as, in similar cases,you would that heshould do unto you. And TO YOVBSELF, bysuch a prudent and well-regulatedcourseof discipline as may best conduceto thepreservationof your corporealandmentalfaculties in their fullest energy, therebyenablingyou to exertthe talentswherewithGod has blestyou, as well to his glory asto the welfare of your fellow-creatures.

AS A CITIZEN, you areenjoined to be ex-emplary in the discharge of your civilduties, by neverproposingor countenanc-ing any actwhich mayhavea tendencytosubvert the peace and good order ofsociety, by paying due obedienceto thelaws underwhoseprotectionyou live, andby neverlosing sight of the allegiancedueto your country.

AS AN INDIVIDUAL, you are charged topractice the domestic and public virtues.Let Temperancechasten,Fortitudesupport,andPrudencedirectyou, and let Jurtice be

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24 FIRST DEGREE

the guide of all your Actions. Be especiallycarefulto maintain,in their fullest splendorthose truly Masonic ornaments—BrotherlyLove,Relief, andTruth.

FINALLY. Be faithful to the trust com-mitted to your care, and manifest yourfidelity to your principles by a strict ob-servance of the Constitutions of theFraternity, by adhering to the AncientLandmarksof the Order, and by refusingto recommendany one to a participationin our privileges unless you have strongreasonsto believe that, by a similar fidel-~ity, he will ultimatdy reflect honoron ourancientInstitution.

PRAYER AT CLOSING

Supreme Grand Master! R u I er ofHeavenandEarth! Now that we areaboufto separateand return to our respectiveplacesof abode,wilt thoube pleasedso toinfluenceourheartsandminds thatwe may

FIRST DEGREE 25

eachone of us practiceout of the Lodgethose greatmoral dutieswhich are incul-cated in it, and with reverencestudy andobey the laws which thou has given us inthy holy word. Amen.

RESPONSE;.So moteit be.

BENEDICTION

May the blessing of Heavenrestuponus and all regularMasons! May BrotherlyLove prevail, and every moral and socialvirtuecementus! Amen.

RESPONsE. So moteit be.

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SECOND DEGREE

51~4 eANJ~5~PLPTURAL HEADING

“Though I speakwith the tonguesof menandof angels,andhavenot charity, I ambecomeas sounding brass or a tinklingcymbal.

“And thoughI havethe gift of prophecyand understand all mysteries and allknowledge; and though 1 have faith, sothat I could remove mountains,and have~not charity, I am nothing.

“And though I bestowall my goods tofeed the poor,andthoughI give my bodyto be burned, and have not charity, itprofiteth me nothing.

“Charity sufferethlong, andis kind; char-ity enviethnot; charity vauntethnot itself,is not puffedup; doth not behaveitself un-seemly, seekethnot her own, is not easily

provoked,thinkethno evil; rejoicethnot ininiquity, but rejoiceth in the truth; beareth

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SECONDDEGREE 27

all things, believeth all things, hopeth allthings,endurethall things.

‘And now abideth faith, hope, charity,these three; but the greatestof these ischarity.”

THE WORKING TOOLS:

PLUMB, 5QUAEE AND LEVEL

The Plumb is an instrument made use ofby operativeMasonsto try perpendiculars;the Square,to squaretheir work; and theLevel,to prove horizontals; butwe,asFreeand AcceptedMasons,are taught to makeuse of them for more noble and gloriouspurposes. The Plumb admonishesus towalk uprightly in our severalstationsbe-foi e God and man, squaringour actionsbytheSquireof virtue, andever rememberingthat we are traveling upon the Level oftune to “that undiscoveredcountry fromwhosebournno travelerreturns.”

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28 SECOND DEGREE

OPERATIVE MASONRY

By Operative Masonry we allude to aproper application of the useful rules ofarchitecture, when a structure will derivefigure, strength, and beauty, and fromwhichwill result a dueproportion andjustcorrespondencein all its parts. It furnishesus with dwellings andconvenientsheltersfrom the vicissitudesand inclemencies ofthe season;and,while it displaysthe effectsof human wisdom, as well in the choice asin the arrangement of the severalmaterialsof which an edifice is composed,it demon-stratesthat a fund of scienceand industryis implanted in man for the best, mostsalutary,and most beneficentpurpose.

SPECULAT]vE N~[A5ONRY

By SpeculativeMasonry we learnto sub-duethe passions,act uponthe Square,keepa tongueof good report, maintainsecrecy,andpracticecharity. It is so far interwoven

SECOND DEGREE 29

with religion as to lay usunderobligationsto pay that rational homageto the Deitywhich at onceconstitutesour dutyandourhappiness.It leadsthe contemplativeMa-son to view with reverenceandadmirationthe glorious works of the Creation,andin-spireshim with the most exalted ideasofthe perfectionsof this divine Creator.

iN 5 (X DAYS

God createdthe heavensand the earth,andrestedupon the seventhday. The sev-enth, therefore,our ancientbrethren con-secrated as a day of rest from theirlabors, thereby enjoying frequent oppor-tunities to contemplatethe Glorious workof the Creation and to adore their greatCreator.~ * *

THE USE OF THE GLOBES

The principal use of them, besidesserv-iog asmaps to distinguishthe outwardpart

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30 5ECOND DEGREE

of the earth andthe situation of the fixedstars, is to illustrate and explain the phe-nomenaarising from the annualrevolutionof the eartharoundthe sunand its diurnalrotation upon its own axis. They arevaluable instruments for improving themind and giving it the most distinct ideaof any problem or proposition, as well asenablingit to solve the same. Contemplat-ing thesebodies, we are inspired with adue reverencefor the Deity and his works,andare inducedto encouragethestudiesofastronomy,geography,navigation,and thearts dependentupon them, by which so-ciety hasbeensomuchbenefited.

OW)ED IN ABCH(TECTURE

By order in architcctureis meanta sys-tem of all the members,proportions, andornamentsof columns and pilasters;or, itis a regular arrangementof the projectingparts of a building, which, united with

SECOND DEGREE 31

thoseof a column,form a beautiful, perfect,andcompletewhole.

OF ITS ANTIQUITY

From the first formation of society orderin architecturemay be traced. When therigor of seasonsfirst obliged men to con-trive shelter from the inclemency of theweather, we learn that they first plantedtrees on end and then laid others acrossto support a covering. The bands whichconnected those trees at top and bottomare said to havegiven rise to the ideaofthe base and capital of pillars; and fromthis simple hint originally proceededthemore improved art of architecture.

The five Orders are thus classed theTuscan, Done, Ionic, Corinthian, an dComposite.

OF THE INVENTION OF ORDERIN ARCHITEC~UEE

The ancientandoriginal ordersof archi-tecture, esteemedby Masons,areno more

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32 SECOND DEGREE

thanthree—theDoric, Ionic, andCorinthian—which were inventedby the Greeks. Tothese the Romansaddedtwo: the Tuscan,which they madeplainer than the Done,and the Composite,which was moreorna-mental, if notmorebeautiful,than the Cor-inthian. The first threeordersalone,how-ever, show invention and particularchar-acter,andessentiallydiffer from eachother,the two others having nothing but thatwhich is borrowed,and differingonly acci-dentally. The Tuscan is the Donic in itsearliest state, and the Composite is theCorinthian enrichedwith theIonic. To theGreeks,therefore,and not to the Romans,we are indebtedfor whatis great,judicious,anddistinct in architecture.

THE FIVE SENSES OF HUMAN NATURE

Hearing, Seeing, Feeling, Smelling, andTasting. * * *

SECOND DEGREE 33

THE SEVEN LIBERAL ARTS AND SCIENCES

Are Grammar, Rhetoric, Logic, Arith-matic, Geometry, Music, and Astronomy.

GEON~[EThY

Which treatsof the powersandproper-tiesof magnitudesin general,wherelength,breadth,andthicknessare considered;froma point to a line, from a line to a superfice,andfrom a superficeto a solid.

A Point is the beginning of all geomet-rical matter.

A Line has length, without breadthorthickness.

A Superficehaslength andbreadthwith-out thickness.

A Solid has length, breadth, andthickness.

ADVANTAGE OF GEOMETRY

By this sciencethe architectis enabledtoconstructhis plansand executehisdesigns;the general,to arrangehis soldiers; the en-

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34 SECOND DEGREE

gineer, to mark out grounds for encamp-ments;the geographer,to give us the di-mensionsof the world andall things hereincontained, to delineate the extent of theseas, and to specify the divisions of em-pires, kingdoms,and provinces.By it alsothe astronomeris enabledto makehis ob-servationsand to fix the durationof timesand seasons,years and cycles. In fine,Geometry,is the foundationof architectureandthe root of mathematics.***

MORAL ADVANTAGES OF GEOMETRY

Geometryis the first andnoblest of sci-ences and the basis on which the super-structure of Freemasonryis erected. ByGeometrywe may curiously trace naturethrough her various windings to hermostconcealedrecesscs.By it we discoverthe power, wisdom, and goodnessof theGreat Artificer of the Universe, and viewwith delight the proportions which con-

SECOND DEGREE 35

nect this vast machine. By it we discoverhow the planets move in their respectiveorbits, and demonstratetheir various revo-lutions. By it we accountfor the returnofseasonsand the variety of sceneswhicheachseasondisplaysto the discerningeye.Numberless worlds are around us, allframed by the sameDivine Artist, whichroll through the vast expanseand are allconducted by the same unerring law ofnature.

A survey of nature,and the observationof her beautiful proportions, first deter-mined manto imitate the Divine plan, andto study symmetry and order. This gaverise to societiesand birth to every usefulart. The architectbeganto design;and theplans which he laid down, beingimprovedby time and experience, have producedworks which are the admiration of everyage.

The lapseof time, the ruthlesshand ofignoranceandthe devastationsof war have

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36 SECOND DEGREE

laid waste and destroyedmany valuablemonumentsof antiquity on which the ut-most exertionsof humangeniuswere em-ployed. Even the Temple of Solomon, sospeciousandmagnificent, and constructedby so many celebratedartists, escapednotthe unsparingravagesof barbarousforce.Freemasonry, notwithstanding, has stillsurvived. The Attentive Ear receivesthesoundfrom the Inrtructive Tongue,andthemysteriesof Masonry are safely lodged inthe repository of Faithful Brearts. Toolsand implements,most expressive,are se-lectedby the Fraternity to imprint on thememory wise and serioustruths and thus,through a successionof ages, are trans-mittedunimpairedthe mostexcellenttenetsof ourInstitution ~ * *

CHARGE

My Brother: Being advancedto the sec-ond degreeof Freemasomy,I congratulateyou on your preferment.

SECOND DEGREE 37

Masonry is a progressive,moral science,divided into different degrees,and, as itsprinciples and mystic ceremoniesareregu-larly developed and illustrated, it isintendedandhopedthat they will makeadeep and lasting impression upon yourmind.

It is unnecessaryto recapitulate theduties which, as a Fellow Craft, you arebound to discharge. Your generalgoodreputation affords satisfactory assurancethat you will not suffer any considerationto induceyou to act in a mannerunworthyof the respectablecharacter which younowsustain,but that, on the contrary,you willever display the discretion, the virtue, andthe dignity which becomesa worthy andexemplaryMason.

Our laws and regulations you arestrenuouslyto supportandbe alwaysreadyto assist in seeing them duly executed.You are not to palliate nor aggravatetheoffensesof your brethren,but, in the de-cision of every trespassagainstour rules,

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38 SECOND DEGREE

you are to judge with candor, admonishwith friendship, and reprehend withjustice.

The impressive ceremoniesof this de-gree are calculatedto inculcateupon themind of the novitatethe importanceof thestudy of the liberal arts and sciences,especiallyof the noblescienceof Geometrywhich forms the basis of Freemasonry,andwhich, being of a divine and moral na-ture, is enriched with the most usefulknowledge,for, while it provesthewonder-ful propertiesof nature,it demonstratesthemore important truths of morality. To thestudy of Geometry therefore, your atten-tion is especiallydirected.

Your past regular deportmentand up-right conducthavemeritedthehonorwhichwe have conferred.In your presentchar-acter it is expectedthat, at all our assem-blies you will observe the solemnities ofour ceremonies,that you will preservetheancient usagesand customs of the Fra-ternity sacredand inviolable, and thus, by

SECOND DEGREE 39

your example induce othersalso to holdthem in dueveneration.

Such is the natureof your engagementsas a Fellow Craft, andto adueobservanceof them you are bound by the strongesttiesof fidelity andhonor.

ATHIRD DECREE

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SCRIPTURAL READING

“Remembernow thy Creatorin the daysof thy youth; while the evil dayscomenot,nor the yearsdraw nigh when thou shaltsay, I haveno pleasurein them; while thesun, or the light, or the moon, or the stars,be not darkened,nor thecloudsreturnaftertherain; in the daywhenthekeepersoF thehouse shall tremble, and the strong menshall bow themselves,and the grindersceasebecausethey are few, and thosethatlook out of the windows be darkened,andthe doors shallbe shut in thestreets,whenthe soundof the grinding is low; and heshall rise up at the voice of the bird, andall the daughters of music shallbe broughtlow. Also, whentheyshall be afraid of thatwhichis high, andfearsshallbein theway,andthe almond tree shall flourish and thegrasshoppershallbe a burden; and desireshall fail; becauseman goeth to his longhome, and the mourners go about the

THIRD DEGREE 41

streets; or ever the silver cord be loosed,or the golden bowl be broken, or thepitcher be broken at the fountain, or thewheelbrokenat the cistern. Thenshallthedust return to the earthas it was; and thespirit shall return unto God who gave it .“

*0*

All the implementsof Masonryindiscrim-inately,but especiallytheTrowel.

THE ThOWEL

Is an instrument madeuseof by oper-ative Masons to spreadthe cementwhichunitesthe building into one commonmass,but we, as Freeand AcceptedMasons,aretaughtto makeuseof it for the morenobleand glorious purposeof spreadingthe ce-ment of brotherly love and affection—thatcementwhich unites us into one sacredband or society of friends and brothers,amongwhom no contention should ever

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42 THIRD DEGREE

exist but that noble contention,or ratheremulation,of who bestcan work andbestagree.***

PRAYER

Almighty and EternalGod! GreatArchi-tect and Ruler of the Universe at whosecreativefiat all thingsfirst weremade;We,the frail creaturesof thy Providence,hum-bly implore thee to pour down on thisconvocation,assembledin thy holy name,the continualdew of thy blessing,andweespeciallybeseechtheeto impart thy graceto this thy servantwho offers himself as acandidateto partal<ewith us the mysterioussecretsof a MasterMason.Enduehim withsuch fortitude that in the hour of trial, hefaint not, but pass him safely, under thyprotection, through the valley of theshadowof death,that he may finally arisefrom the tomb of transgressionand shineas the stars for ever andever. Amen. ***

THIRD DEGREE 43

PRAYER

Thou, Oh God, knowestour downsittingand our uprising, and understandestourthoughtafar off. Shield anddefendus fromthe evil intentionsof our enemies,andsup-port usunderthetrials andafflictionswhichwe are destinedto endurewhile travelingthrough this vale of tears.Man that is boinof womanis of few daysandfull of trouble.He cometh forth as a flower and is cutdown, he fleeth alsoas a shadow,andcon-tinueth not. Seeing that his days aredetermined,the numberof his months iswith thee, Thou has appointedhis boundsthat hecannotpass.Turn from him thathemay rest till he shall accomplishhis day,for thereis hopeof a tree,if it be cutdown,that it will sproutagainandthat the tenderbranch thereof will not cease, but mandieth and wastethaway; yea, man givethup the ghost, and where is he? As thewaters fail from the seaand the flood de-cayethand drieth up, so man lieth downand riseth not up till the heavensshall

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44 THIRD DEGREE

be no more. Yet, Oh Lord, have compas-sion on the children of thy creation; ad-minister them comfort in time of trouble;and save them with an everlasting salva-tion. Amen. ***

We readin the Holy writings that it wasdecreed, in the wisdom and counsels ofDeity aforetime, that a house should bebuilt, erectedto God anddedicatedto hisholy name. We also learn from the samesacredsource that David, King of Israel,desired to build the house,but that, inconsequenceof his reign having beenoneof many wars and much bloodshed,thatdistinguishedprivilegewasdeniedhim. Hewas not, however, left without hope, forGod promised him that out of his loinsthere should come a man who would beadequateto the performanceof so greatandglorious an undertaking.That promisewas verified in the personandcharacterofSolomon,his son, who ascendedthe throne,and, after David was gatheredto his fa-thers, wielded the sceptreover Israel at a

THIRD DEGREE 45

time when (as the great JewishhistorianJosephusinforms us) peaceand tranquilitypervaded the world, and all eyes seemeddirected toward Jerusalem as if to witnessthe splendid display of the wisdom ofSolomon.

About this time King Solomon receiveda congratulatory letter from Hiram, King ofTyre, desiring to participate, in a small de-gree at least, in the rich honorswhich thenseemedto be clusteringaroundhis throne.In his reciprocations with Hiram of Tyre,King Solomondesiredhim to furnish a manwell skilled in the arts and sciences,andhis attentionwasdirectedto ** *

Thethird sectionillustratescertainhiero-glyphical emblemswell calculated to in-creaseknowledgeandpromote virtue. Init, also many particulars relative to thebuilding of King Solomon’s Temple are no-ticed. That famous fabric, as I before in-formed you, was commencedin the fourthyearof thereign of Solomon,on the secondday of the month Zif, being the second

46

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THIRD DEGREE

month of the sacredyear; It was locatedon Mount’ Moriah, near the place whereAbraham Was about to offer up his son,Isaac, and where David met and appeasedthe destroyingangel. It was supportedbyfourteen hundred and fifty-three columnsand two thousand nine hundred and sixpilasters, all hewn from the finest Parianmarble. There were employedin its erec-tion three Grand Masters, threethousandthree hundred Masters or Overseersof thework, eighty thousand Fellow Crafts orhewers on the mountains and in thequarries, and seventy thousand EnteredApprenticesor bearersof burdens;andtheywere all so classed and arranged by thewisdom of Solomon that neither envy, dis-cord, nor confusion was suffered to inter-rupt or disturbthe peaceand good fellow- -

ship that prevailed among the workmen;* 0 0 and, as a strildng evidenceof theapprobation and interposition of DivineProvidence,we are informed by the greatJewish historian Josephusthat, althoughmorethansevenyearswereoccupiedin its

THIRD DEGREE 47

building, yet during the whole term it didnot rain in the day time, but in the nightseasononly, that the workmen might not

be obstructed in their labors. From sacredhistory, we also learn that therewas not

heardthe soundof axe,hammer,or any tool

of iron in the housewhile it was building,it having been put together in the mannerdescribed to you in a preceding degree.

7~4 5}~ 3 W..S..B..

The hieroglyphical emblemscxplaillc(l inthis degreeare—

The Three Steps,

The Pot of Incense,

The Beehive,

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48 THIRD DEGREE

The Book of Constitutions guarded bytheTyler’s Sword,

The Sword pointing to a NakedHeart,andthe All-Seeing Eye,

TheAnchor andArk,

The Forty-seventh Problem of Euclid,and

TheHour-glassandScythe.

The explanation of theseeight classesisto be found in any of the variousmonitorswhich have, from time to time, beenadopted by the Fraternity as textbooks, andwith which it is hoped that you will soonmakeyourselffamiliar.

* * * * * * *

It is the inspirationof that greatDivinity -

whom we adore,and bearsthe nearestre-semblanceor affinity to that SupremeIn-telligence which pervadesall nature, andwhich will never, never, never die. Hence,my brother, how important it is that weshould endeavorto imitate * * 0 in his

THIRD DEGREE 49

truly exaltedand exemplarycharacter,inhis unfeignedpiety to God, and in his in-flexible fidelity to his trust, thatwe maybepreparedto welcomedeath,not as a grimtyrant, but as a kind messengersent totranslateus from this imperfect to that allperfect,glorious,andcelestialLodge above,where the Supreme Grand Master of theUniverseforeverpresides.

CHARGE

My Brother: Your zeal for our Institu-lion, the progresswhich you havemadeinour mysteries,and your steadyconformitylo our usefulregulationshavepointed youout asa properobjectfor this peculiarmarkof ourfavor.

Duty andhonornow alikebindyouto beFaithful to every trust, to support the dig-nity of your characteron all occasions,andstrenuously to enforce, by precept and ex-ample, a steady obedience to the tenetsof

‘I

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THIRD DEGREE

Freemasomy.Exemplary conducton yourpart will convincethe world that merit isthe just title to our privileges and that onyou our favorshavenot beenundeservedlybestowed.

As a Master Mason, ybu are authorized tocorrect the irregularities of your less in-formedbrethren,to fortify their mindswithresolutionagainstthe snaresof the insidi-ous,andto guardthemagainstevery allure-ment to vicious practices. To preserveunsullied the reputationof the Fraternity,oughtto be your constantcare, and, there-fore, it becomesyour province to cautionthe inexperiencedagainst any breach offidelity. To your inferiors in rank or office,you are to recommendobedienceand sub-.mission, to your equals, courtesyand affa-bility, and to your superiors,kindness andt~ondescension.Universalbenevolenceyouare zealously to inculcate, and by theregularity of your own conductendeavorto removeevery asperionagainstthis ven-erableInstitution. Our ancientlandmarks

THIRD DEGREE 51

you are carefully to preserve,andnever tosuffer them, on any pretense,to be in-Fringed;andyou arenever to countenanceany deviation from our establishedcustoms.

Your honor and reputation are concernedin suporting with dignity the respectablecharacterwhichyou now bear.Let no mo-tive, therefore,makeyou swervefrom yourduty, violate your vows, or betray yourtrust, but be true and faithful and imitatethe exampleof that celebratedartist whomyou have this evening represented.Thusyou will render yourself deservingof thehonor which we have conferred, andworthy of the confidencewhich we havereposedin you.

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EMBLEMS

EXPLANATION OF THE EIGHT CLAS5ES

OF EMBLEMS

TheThreeSteps

Usually delineatedupon the Masterscar-pet,areemblematicalof the threeprincipalstages of human life viz: Youth, Manhoodand Age. In Youth, as EnteredAppren-tices,we ought industriouslyto occupyourminds in the attainment of useful knowl-edge; in Manhood) as Fellow Crafts, weshould apply your knowledge to the dis-chargeof our respectivedutiesto God,ourneighbor, and ourselves; that so, in Age,as MasterMasons,we mayenjoythe happyreflection consequenton a well-spent life,and die in the hope of a glorious im-

mortality.

ThePot of Incense

Is an emblemof a pure heart, which isahvays an acceptablesacrificeto the Deity,

EMBLEMS 53

and,as is glowswith ferventheat,so shouldour hearts continually glow with gratitudeto the greatandbeneficentAuthor of ourexistence for the manifold blessings andcomfortswe enjoy.

The Beehive

Is an emblem of industry, and recom-mends the practice of that virtue to all cre-ated beings, from the highest seraph inheavento the lowest reptile of the dust. Itteachesus that, aswe came into the worldrational and intelligent beings, so weshould ever be industrious ones, neversitting down contentedwhile our fellow-creaturesaroundus are in want, especiallywhen it is in our power to relieve them,without inconvenienceto ourselves.

When we take a survey of nature, weview manin his infancy,morehelplessandindigentthanthe brutecieation;helies Ian-guishing for days, months, and years,totally incapable of providing sustenance

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54 EMBLEMS

for himself, of guardingagainstthe attackof the wild beastsof the field, or shelteringhimself from the inclemencies of theweather. It might havepleasedthe greatCreatorof heavenandearthto havemademan independentof all other beings, but,as dependenceis oneof the strongestbondsof society, men were madedependentoneachother for protection and security, asthey thereby enjoy better opportunities offulfilling the duties of reciprocallove andfriendship. Thus was man formed for so-cial and active life, the noblestpart of thework of God; andhe that will so demeanhimself as not to be endeavoringto add tothe common stock of knowledge and un-derstandingmay be deemeda drone in thehive of nature,a uselessmemberof society,.and unworthy of our protectionas Masons.

TheBookof ConstitutionsGuardedby theTyler’s Sword

Reminds us that we should be everwatchful and guarded in our thoughts, ‘I

55EMBLEMS

words, andactions,particularly when be-fore the enemiesof Masonry, ever bearingin remembrancethose truly Masonic vir-tues,silenceandcircumspection.

TheSwordPointing to a NakedHeart

Demonstratesthat justice will soonerorlater overtake us, and, although ourthoughts,words,andactionsmaybehiddenfrom theeyesof man,yet that the

All-SeeingEye,

Whom the Sun, Moon and Stars obey,and under whose watchful care, evenComets perform their stupendousrevolu-tions, pervadesthe inmost recessesof thehumanHeart and will rewardus accordingto our merits.

TheAnchorandArk

Are emblems of a well-grounded Hopeand a well-spent life. They are emble-matical of that divine Ark which safely

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56 EMBLEMS

wafts us over this tempestuoussea oftroubles and that Anchorwhich shall safelymoor us in a peaceful harborwhere thewickedceasefrom troubling andthe wearyshall find rest.

TheForty-SeventhProblemof Euclid

This was an invention of our ancientfriend and brother, the great Pythagoras,wlao, in his travels from Asia, Africa, andEurope,was initiated into severalordersofPriesthoodandraisedto the sublimedegreeof Master Mason. This wise philosopherenrichedhis mind abundantlyin a generalknowledgeof thingsandmoreespeciallyinGeometry,or Masonry. On this subjecthedrew out many problems and theorems,and, among the most distinguished, heerectedthis one, which, in the joy of hisheart, he called Eureka, in the Grecianlanguage,signifying, I havefound it; andupon the discoveryof which he is said tohave sacrificed a hecatomb. It teachesMasonsto be generalloversof the arts andsciences.

EMBLEMS 57

TheHour Glass

Is the emblem of human life. Behold!howswiftly the sandsrun,andhow rapidlyour lives aredrawing to a close]We cannotwithout astonishmentbeholdthelittle par-ticles which arecontainedin this machine,how they passaway almost imperceptibly,and yet, to our surprise, in the short spaceofan hourthey areall exhausted.Thuswastesman! Today he puts forth the tender leavesof hope;tomorrow,blossoms,and bears hisblushing honors thick upon him; the nextday comesa frostwhich nipsthe shoot;andwhenhe thinks his greatnessis still aspiringhe falls, like autumn leaves,to enrichourmother earth.

TheScythe

Is an emblem of time which cuts thebrittle thread of life and launchesus intoeternity. Behold, what havoc the scythe oftime makesamongthe humanrace! If bychance we should escape the numerous

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58 EMBLEMS

evils incident to childhood and youth, andwith health and vigor an-ive to the yearsof manhood,yet, withal, we mustsoonbecut down by the all-devouring scythe oftime, and be gatheredinto the land whereour fathers have gone beforeus.

* * * * *

EMBLEMS 59

PUBLIC GRAND HONORS

The public GrandHonors of Masonryaregiven thus: crossthe armsupon the breast,the left arm outermost, the hands beingopen and palms inward; then raise themabove the head, the palms of the handsstriking each other; and then let them fallsharply upon the thighs, the head beingbowed. This will be thrice done, and, atfunerals, the action will be accompaniedwith the following ejaculation: ‘lie willof God is accomplished! So mote it be!Amen.~~

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CHARGES

THE ANCIENT CHARGES OF A FREEMASON

Extracted from the Ancient Record ofLodgesbeyondseaand of thosein Eng-land, ScotlandandIreland, for theuseoftheLodgesin London. To bereadat themaking of Netv Brethren, or when theMastershall order it.

TheGeneralHeads,Viz:—

I. Of God andReligion.

II. Of the Civil Magistrate,SupremeandSubordinate.

lIT. Of Lodges.

IV. Of Masters, Wardens, Fellows andApprentices.

V. Of the managementof the Craft in

working.VI. Of Behavior,viz:—

1. In the Lodge while Constituted.

ANTIENT CHARGES 61

2. After the Lodge is over and theBrethren not gone.

3. When Brethrenmeet without Strang-ers,butnotin aLodge.

4. In presenceof Strangers Not Masons.

5. At Homeand in the Neighborhood.

6. Towarda StrangeBrother.

I. ConcerningGodand Religion

A Masonis obligedby his tenure,to obeythemorallaw; andif he rightly understandsthearthe will neverbe astupid atheistnoran irreligious libertine. But though in an-cient times Masons werechargedin everycountryto beof thereligion of thatcountryor nation,whateverit was, it is now thoughtmore expedientonly to oblige them to thatreligion in which all men agree leaving theirparticular opinions to themselves;that is, tobegood menandtrue, or men of honorandhonesty,by whateverdenominationsor per-suasionsthey may be distinguished;where-by Masonry becomesthe centerof union~

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62 ANTIENT CHARGES

and the meansof conciliating true friend-ship among personsthat must have re-mainedat a perpetualdistance.

II. Of the Civil Magistrate,SupremeandSubordinate

A Mason is a peaceablesubject to thecivil powerswhereverhe residesor works,and is neverto be concernedin plots andconspiraciesagainstthe peaceand welfareof the nation, nor to behavehimself un-dutifully to inferior magistrates;for as Ma-sonry hath always been injured by war,bloodshedand confusion, so ancient kings

and princes havebeen much disposed toencouragethe craftsmen,becauseof theirpeaceablenessand loyalty, whereby theypracticallyansweredthe cavils of their ad-versaries,and promoted the honor of theFraternity,who ever flourished in times ofpeace. So that if a brother should be arebel against the State, he is not to becountenancedin his rebellion,howeverhemay be pitied as an unhappyman; and ifconvicted of no other crime, though the

ANTIENT CHARGES 63

loyal Brotherhoodmust and ought to dis-own his rebellion,and give no umbrageorground of political jealousyto the govern-ment for the time being, theycannotexpelhim from the Lodge, and his relation to itremainindefeasible.

III. Of Lodges.

A Lodge is a place ~vhereMasons as-sembleand work; hencethat assembly, or

duly organizedsocietyof Masons, is calleda Lodge,and every Brother ought to be-long to one, and to be subject to its By-Laws and the GeneralRegulations. It iseither particular or general, and will bebest understoodby attending it, and bythe Regulationsof the General or GrandLodge hereuntoannexed. In ancienttimesno Masteror Fellow could be absentfromit, especially when warned to appear atit, without incurring a severecensure, untilit appearedto the MasterandWardensthatpurenecessityhinderedhim.

The persons admitted members of a

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64 ANTIEIJT CHARGES

Lodge must be good and true men, free-born, and of mature and discreet age, nobond-men, no woman, no immoral orscandalousmen,butof goodreport.

IV. Of Masters,Wardens,FellowsandApprentices.

All preferment among M a sons isgroundedupon real worth and personalmerit only; that so the Lords may be wellserved,the Brethrennot put to shame,northe Royal Graft despised: Therefore noMaster or Warden is chosenby seniority,but for his merit. It is impossibleto de-scribe these things in writing, and everyBrothermustattendin his place,andlearnthem in a way peculiar to this Fraternity.Only candidatesmay know that no Mastershould take an Apprentice unless he hassufficient employment For him, and unlesshe be a perfect youth, having 110 maim or

defect in his body, that may render himuncapableof learningof the art of servinghis Master’s Lord, and of being made a

ANTIENT CHARGES 65

Brother, and then a Fellow Craft in duetime, evenafter he hasservedsuch a termof years as the customof the country di-rects;and thathe should be descendedofhonest parents; that so, when otherwisequalified, he may arrive at the honor ofbeing the Warden,andthen the Master ofthe Lodge, the Grand Warden and atlength the Grand Master of all Lodges,accordingto his merit.

No Brother can be a Warden until hehaspassedthe part of a Fellow Graft; noia Masteruntil he has actedas a Warden,nor Grand Warden until he has beenMaster of a Lodge,nor Grand Master un-less he hasbeena Fellow Craft before hiselection, who is alsoto be nobly born,or agentleman of the best fashion, or someeminentscholar,or some curious architect,or other artist, descendedof honestpar-ents, and who is of singular great meritin the opinion of the Lodges.And for thebetter, and easier,andmorehonorabledis-

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66 ANTlENT CHARGES

chargeof his office, the Grand Masterhasa power to choosehis own Deputy GrandMaster, who must be then, or must havebeenformerly, the Master of a particularLodge,andhastheprivilegeof actingwhat-ever the GrandMaster,his principal, shouldact, unlessthe saidprincipal be presentorinterpose his authority by a letter.

Theserulers andgovernors,supremeandsubordinate,of the ancientLodge,areto beobeyed in their respectivestations by alltheBrethren,accordingto Old Chargesandregulations, with all humility, reverence,love andalacrity.

V. Of the Managementof the Graft inWorking.

All Masonsshall worl honestlyon work-ing day, that they may live creditably onholy days; and the time appointedby thelaw of the land, or confirmed by custom,shallbe observed.

ANTIENT CHARGES 67

The most expertof the Fellow Crafts-menshallbe appointedor chosenthe Mas-ter or Overseerof the Lord’s work; who isto be called Master by those that workunderhim. TheCraftsmenareto avoid allill language, and to call each other byno disobligingname,but Brotheror Fellow;and to behavethemselvescourteouslywith-in andwithout theLodge.

The Niasterknowing himself to be ableof cunning,shall undertakethe Lord’s workas reasonablyas possible,andtruly dispendhis goods as if they were his own; nor togive more wages to any Brother or Ap-prentice than he really may deserve.

Both the Masterand the Masonsreceiv-ing their wagesjustly, shall be faithful tothe Lord, and honestly finish their work,whether task or journey, nor put the workto tasl that hath been accustomedtojourney. None shall discover envy at theprosperity of a Brother, nor supplanthim,or put him out of his work, if he be capableJo finish the same; for no man can finish

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68 ANTIENT CHARGES

another’s work so much to the Lord’sprofit, unless he be thoroughly acquaintedwith the designsand draughtsof him thatbegunit.

WhenaFellow Craftsmanis chosenWar-denof the work underthe Master,he shallbe true both to Master and Fellows, shallcarefully overseethe work in the Master’sabsenceto the Lord’s profit; andhis Breth-renshall obeyhim.

All Masons employedshall meekly re-ceive their wageswithout murmuring ormutiny, andnot desertthe Masteruntil thework is finished.

A youngerBiother shall be instructedinworking, to preventspoiling the materialsfor want of judgment, and for increasingand continuing of brotherly love.

All the tools in working shall be ap-provedby theGrandLodge.

No laborer shall be employed in thepioper work of Masonry, nor shall Free-

69ANTIENT CHARGES

masonswork with thosethat are not free,without an urgentnecessity;nor shalltheyteach laborersand unacceptedMasons asthey should teacha Brother or Fellow.

VI. Of Behavior,viz:

1. In the LodgeWThileConstituted.

You are not to hold private committees,or separate conversation, without leavefrom the Master,nor to talk of anythingim-pertinent or unseemly, nor interrupt theMasteror Wardens,or any Brotherspeak-ing to the Master, nor behave yourselfludicrously or jestingly while the Lodgeis engagedin what is seriousand solemn;noruseanyunbecominglanguageupon anypretensewhatsoever;but to pay due rev-erence to your Master, Wardens andFellows, andput them to worship.

If any complaintbe brought,theBrotherfound guilty shall stand to the award anddeterminationof the Lodge, who are the

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‘70 ANTIENT CHARGE5

proper and competentjudges of all suchcontroversies(unlessyoucarry it by appealto the Grand Lodge) and to whom theyoughtto be referred,unlessa Lord’s workbe hinderedthe meanwhile, in which casea particular referencemay be made; butyou mustnevergo to law aboutwhat con-cernsMasonry,without an absoluteneces-sityapparentto theLodge.

2. BehaviorAfter the Lodge Is Over andtheBrethrenNot Gone.

You may enjoy yourself with innocentmirth, treating one anotheraccording toability, but avoid all excess,or forcing anyBrother to eator drink beyond his inclina-tion, or hinderinghim from going wbenhisoccasionscall him, or doing or sayingany-thing offensive,or thatmayforbid an easyandfree conversation;for thatwould blastour harmonyanddefeatour laudablepur-poses. Thereforeno privatepiquesor quar-rels mustbebroughtwithin the door of the

ANTIENT CHARGES ‘71

Lodge, far less quarrels aboutreligion, ornationsor statepolicy webring only asMa-sons of the Catholic (universal) religionabove mentioned; we are also of all na-

tions, tongues, kindreds,andlanguages,andare resolved againstall politics, as whatneveryet conductedto the welfare of theLodge,nor ever will. This Charge has al-ways been strictly enjoinedand observed;but especiallyeversincethe reformation inBritain, or the dissentandsecessionof thesenationsfrom the communionof Rome.

3. BehaviorWhen Brethren MeetWithoutStrangers,But Not in a LodgeFormed.

You are to saluteoneanotherin acour-teotis manner, as you will be instructed,calling each other Brother, freely givingmutual instruction as shall be thoughtex-pedient, without being overseenor over-heard,and without encroachingupon eachother, or derogating from that resepctwhich is dueto anyBrother,werehenot a

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72 ANTIENT CHARGES

Mason; for though all Masqns are asbrethrenupon the samelevel, yet Masonrytakes no honor from a man that he hadbefore; nay, rather it adds to his honor,especiallyif he has deservedwell of theBrotherhood, who must give honor towhom it is due,and avoid ill manners.

4. Behavior in Presenceof StrangersNotMasons.

Youshouldbecautiousin your wordsandcarriage, that the mostpenetratingstrangershall not be able to discover or find outwhat is not proper to be intimated; andsometimesyou shall divert a discourse, andmanageit prudently for the honor of theWorshipful Fraternity.

5. Behavior at Home, and in Your Neigh-borhood.

You are to act as becomesa moral andwise man; particularly, not to let yourfamily, friends and neighbors know theconcernsof the Lodge, etc., but wisely toconsult your own honor, and that of the

ANTIENT CHARGES 73

Ancient Brotherhood, for reasons not tobe mentionedhere. You must also consultyour healthby not continuing togethertoolate, or too long from home, afterLodgehoursarepast;andby avoidingof gluttonyor drunkenness,that your families be notneglectedor injured,noryou disabledfromworking.

6. Behavior Towarda StrangeBrother.

You are cautiouslyto examine him, insuch a method as prudenceshall directyou, that you may not be imposed uponby an ignorant,falsepretender,whom youare to reject with contempt and derision,and beware of giving any hints ofknowledge.

But if you discoverhim to be a true aridgenuine Brother,youareto respecthim ac-cordingly, and if he is in want, you mustrelieve him if you can, or else direct himhow he may be relieved; you mustemployhim some days,or elserecommendhim tobe employed. But you are not chargedto

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74 ANTIENT CHARGES

do beyond your ability, only to p1efer apoor Brother, that is a good man andtrue,before any other poorpeoplein the samecircumstances.

Finally, All theseChargesyou areto ob-serve,andalso thosethat shallbe communi-cated to you in another way; cultivating

brotherly love, the foundation and cap-stone, the cementandglory of this AncientFraternity, avoiding all wrangling andquarreling, all slander and backbiting,norpermitting others to slander any otherBrother, but defendinghis character,anddoing him all good offices, as far asis con-sistent with your honorand safety and nofurther. And if anyof them do you injury,you must apply to your own or his Lodge;and from thence you may appeal to theGrandLodge atthe QuarterlyCommunica-tion, andfrom thenceto the Annual GrandLodge, as has been the ancient laudableconduct of our forefathers in every nation;never taking a legal course, but when thecase cannotbe otherwisedecided,and pa-

ANT]ENT CHARGES 75

tiently listeningto the honestand friendlyadvice of Master and Fellows when theywould prevent you going to law withstrangers,or would excite you to put aspeedy period to all law-suits, that so youmaymind the afFairs of Masonry with themore alacrityandsuccess;but with respectto Brothers or Fellows at law, the Masterand Brethren should kindly offer theirmediation, which ought to be thankfullysubmittedto by the contendingBrethren;and if that submission is impracticable,they must, however, carry on their processor lawsuitwithout wrath and rancor, (notin the commonway) saying or doingnoth-ing that may hinder brotherly love, andgood offices to be renewedandcontinued;that all may see the benign influence ofMasonry, as all true Masons have donefrom the beginningof the world, andwilldo to the endof time.Amen.So mote it be.