Post on 18-Feb-2017
Tudor Dynasty1485-1603
The Hundred Years’ War left England in turmoil and caused a civil war
War of Roses (1455-1487) – the war was over different families wanting to take the throne
One was the House of Lancaster, and the other York. Both had legitimate claims to the throne
Tudor Dynasty King Henry VII ended the
private wars of the nobility by prohibiting nobles from running private armies of followers that were dedicated to their lords
The English didn’t have a strong, standing army so they relied on lords to raise armies for a cause and then disband them after
Tudor DynastyCourt of Star
Chamber – didn’t use juries and allowed torture to be used
Didn’t have to call Parliament frequently by using diplomacy to avoid wars
Set a stable government for the rest of the Tudors
They had two sons and one daughter
that survived infancy
Arthur married Catherine of Aragon
of Spain (Daughter of Queen Isabela and
King Ferdinand)
King Henry VIII of England
1491-1547
Arthur died, and Henry VIII got permission from the Pope to marry
Catherine
King Henry VIII is Named Defender of Faith• Published In Defense of the Seven Sacraments against Martin
Luther• The Pope awarded him Defender of Faith
Catherine of Aragon could not give King Henry VIII a son (only a daughter named Mary survived)
Henry needed a son as an heir
He wanted a divorce for Catherine but the Pope refused because that would create an enemy with Spain
Anne Boleyn
Henry VIII fell in love with Anne Boleyn
Anne refused to have an affair with Henry which meant that he would have to divorce Catherine
Act of Supremacy
1531
• Named him and all future heirs were the head of the Church of England
• Pope could not intervene in England• Now Henry VIII could divorce Catherine
Anglican Church
Henry VIII enlisted Thomas Cranmer as his assistant to create this new church
Two of Henry’s most trusted advisors, Moore and Wolsey were charged with treason
Henry married Anne Boleyn in 1532
They have one daughter together, named Elizabeth in 1533
Anne gives birth to a still-born son the next year
Uh-oh for Anne Boleyn!
Henry accused Anne of cheating and had her executed
Jane Seymour
Henry VIII married Jane only 11 days after Anne’s execution
They had a son together named Edward
Jane died giving birth to Edward
The Pilgrimage of Grace
• The creation of the Protestant Anglican Church caused uproar in the Catholic part of Northern England
• Many people immigrated to the Americas
When King Henry VIII died,
the throne passed to his only son King
Edward VI
King Edward VI (1537-
1553)Edward VI took the
throne at the age of 10, and was too young to marry
He was the first English monarch to be raised in the Anglican Church
Reforming the Anglican Church
Edward enlisted in the help of Thomas Cranmer
Created the English Book of Common Prayer (Anglican prayers)
Made the Anglican Church more Protestant in its traditions and beliefs
Edward fell ill at 16He didn’t want his half sister Mary to
rule because she was CatholicHe makes it so his Anglican cousin,
Lade Jane Grey will take power
Lady Jane Grey was queen for 9 days until she was
executed by her cousin, Mary
Queen Mary I (r. 1553-1558)
Mary was a super Catholic
She promised religious toleration to the Anglicans
But in reality she tortured and burned many of them at the stake
She is given the nickname “Bloody Mary”
She also married her first cousin, and King of
Spain, Phillip II
The two of them were very
Catholic and suppressed any
Protestant movements
Mary dies with no children
Power will pass onto
her Anglican half-sister Elizabeth
Queen Elizabeth I
The English welcomed her after the harsh reign of Mary I
She gave Anglicans more rights and practiced religious toleration
She had many domestic and foreign threats
The Elizabethan Settlement
A compromise between the Catholics and the Anglicans
The Anglican Church became the official church of England and all sermons would be in England
The sermons would seem more Catholic
Monarchy is head of the Church and not the Pope
The Pope told the English people that
Elizabeth I was illegitimate and not to follow her
Regnans in Excelsis
“The Virgin Queen”Queen Elizabeth I refused to marry
because she feared that her husband would take her power
Many English people didn’t trust Elizabeth because they didn’t believe that a woman could rule without a husband
Queen Mary of Scots Mary of Scots was
forced to abdicate her throne after she was accused of assassinating her husband
She went to Elizabeth for help
She was next in line for the English throne and was accused of many failed assassinations of Elizabeth
Elizabeth had Mary Queen of Scots executed after 18 years of failed assassination plots
The Spanish Armada
King Phillip attacked Elizabeth to try to restore Catholicism in EnglandElizabeth defeated the Armada at the Battle of Gravelines in 1588
When Elizabeth I
died,power
passed to her
cousin’s son
Charles I, starting
the Stuart Dynasty