Post on 08-Jan-2017
The Scapula
The Scapula
The scapula is a highly mobile bone that is situated on the posterior aspect of the body
The Scapula
The scapula is best viewed from behind There are 2 scapulae, one on either side of the spinal column
The Scapula
The scapula is best viewed from behind There are 2 scapulae one on either side of the spinal column
Each overlies the 2nd – 7th ribs
The ScapulaAnterior View
The scapula is a flat
triangular-shaped bone
It has a number of
interesting projections
Right Side
The Scapula
The scapula is a flat
triangular-shaped bone
It has a number of
interesting projections
best viewed from the lateral aspect
Lateral View
AnteriorPosteriorRight Side
The ScapulaThe scapula has two surfaces
The Scapula
Anterior / Ventral surface
The scapula has two surfaces
Right Side
The Scapula
Anterior / Ventral surface Posterior / Dorsal Surface
The scapula has two surfaces
Right Side
The Scapula
The Dorsal surface of the Scapula is divided into two regions by the spine of the Scapula
Right Side
The Scapula
The region below the
Scapular Spine is the
Infraspinous Fossa
Right Side
The Scapula
The region above the
Scapular Spine is the
Supraspinous Fossa
Posterior View
Right Side
The Scapula
Supraspinous Fossa is more clearly viewed from above Anterior
Posterior
Superior View
Right Side
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 borders
Medial Border
Anterior View
Right Side
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 borders
Medial Border
Anterior View Posterior View
Right Side
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 borders
Lateral Border
Anterior View
Right Side
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 borders
Lateral Border
Anterior View Posterior View
Right Side
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 borders
Anterior View
Superior Border
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 borders
Superior Border
Anterior View Posterior View
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 angles
Superior Angle
Anterior View
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 angles
Superior Angle
Anterior View Posterior View
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 angles
Inferior Angle
Anterior View
The ScapulaThe scapula has 3 angles
Inferior Angle
Anterior View Posterior View
The Scapula
Anterior View
The scapula has 3 anglesLateral
The Scapula
Lateral ViewAnterior View
The scapula has 3 anglesLateral
The Scapula
Anterior
Posterior
Superior View
The scapula has 3 anglesLateral
The Scapula
The scapula has 3 lateral projections
Coracoid
Spine
Acromion
The Scapula Coracoid Process
Anterior View
The Scapula
Anterior View Lateral View
Coracoid Process
The Scapula
Anterior
Posterior
Superior View
Coracoid Coracoid Process
The Scapula
Posterior View
Spine
The ScapulaAcromion
Posterior View
The ScapulaAcromion
Posterior View Lateral View
The ScapulaAcromion
Anterior
Posterior
Superior View
The Scapula
Muscles
The Scapula
A number of muscles attach to the scapula
The Scapula
A number of muscles attach to the scapula
Four Rotator Cuff Muscles surround the Shoulder Joint and move the Arm
The Scapula
A number of muscles attach to the scapula
Four Rotator Cuff Muscles surround the Shoulder Joint and move the Arm
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
The Scapula
Subscapularis arises from the whole of the ventral surface of the Scapula
The Scapula
Subscapularis arises from the whole of the ventral surface of the scapula
It attaches to the LesserTuberosity of the Humerus
It internally rotates the arm
The Scapula
The region above the
Scapular Spine is the
Supraspinous Fossa
The Scapula
Supraspinatus arises from the Supraspinous Fossa
It attaches to the upper part of the Greater Tuberosity of the Humerus
It abducts the arm
The Scapula
Infraspinatus arises from the Infraspinous Fossa
The Scapula
Infraspinatus arises from the Infraspinous Fossa
It attaches to the posterior part of the Greater Tuberosity of the Humerus
It externally rotates the arm
The Scapula
Teres Minor arises from the upper part of the Lateral Border of the Scapula
The Scapula
Teres Minor arises from the upper part of the Lateral Border of the Scapula
It attaches to the Inferior part of the Greater Tuberosity of the Proximal Humerus
It externally rotates the arm
Anterior View
Serratus Anterior arises from the whole of the anterior aspect of the medial border
Anterior View
Serratus Anterior arises from the whole of the anterior aspect of the medial border
Anterior View
Long head of Triceps arises from the infraglenoid tubercle
Anterior View
Long head of Triceps arises from the infraglenoid tubercle
Anterior View
The tip of the coracoid process
Anterior View
The tip of the coracoid process give rise to the conjoint tendon of the Coracobrachialis
Anterior View
The tip of the coracoid process give rise to the conjoint tendon of the Coracobrachialis and Short Head of Biceps
Anterior View
Pectoralis minor arises from the coracoid process
Anterior View
Pectoralis minor arises from the coracoid process
Posterior View
Posterior View
Levator Scapulae attaches to the superior part of the medial border of the scapula
Posterior View
Levator Scapulae attaches to the superior part of the medial border of the scapula
Posterior View
Rhomboid minor attaches just below Levator Scapulae on the medial border
Posterior View
Rhomboid minor attaches just below Levator Scapulae on the medial border
Posterior View
Rhomboid Major attaches just below Rhomboid Minor on the medial border of the scapula
Posterior View
Rhomboid Major attaches just below Rhomboid Minor on the medial border of the scapula
Posterior View
Latissimus Dorsi has a few fibres that arise from the inferior angle of the scapula
Posterior View
Latissimus Dorsi has a few fibres that arise from the inferior angle of the scapula
Posterior View
Teres Major arises from the inferior aspect of the lateral border of the scapula
Posterior View
Teres Major arises from the inferior aspect of the lateral border of the scapula
Posterior View
Teres Major arises from the inferior aspect of the lateral border of the scapula, just below Teres Minor
Posterior View
Trapezius arises from the superior aspect of the spine of the scapula
Posterior View
Trapezius arises from the superior aspect of the spine of the scapula
Posterior View
The posterior fibres of Deltoid arise from the inferior aspect spine of the scapula
Posterior View
The posterior fibres of Deltoid arise from the inferior aspect spine of the scapula
Summary of muscles that arise from the scapula
Biceps (both heads)
Coracobrachialis
Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Levator Scapulae
Latissimus Dorsi
Pectoralis Minor
Rhomboid Major
Rhomboid Minor
Serratus Anterior
Subscapularis
Supraspinatus
Triceps (Long Head)
Teres Major
Teres Minor
Trapezius
Anterior ArmBiceps Brachii
Origin Short head: tip of coracoid process of scapula; Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis
Action Supinates and flexes forearmNerve Supply Musculocutaneous nerve (C5
and C6) Blood Supply Muscular branches of brachial
artery
Anterior ArmCoracobrachialis
Origin Tip of coracoid process of scapula
Insertion Upper half of medial surface of humerus
Action Flexes and adducts armNerve Supply Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,
C6) Blood Supply Muscular branches of brachial
artery
DeltoidOrigin Lateral third of clavicle,
acromion, and spine of scapulaInsertion Deltoid tuberosity of humerusAction Anterior part: flexes and
internally rotates arm; Middle part: abducts arm; Posterior part: extends and externally rotates arm
Nerve Supply Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)Blood Supply Deltoid branch of
thoracoacromial artery
Posterior Chest Wall
Posterior Chest Wall
InfraspinatusOrigin Infraspinous fossa of scapulaInsertion Middle facet on greater
tuberosity of humerusAction Externally rotates armNerve Supply Suprascapular nerve (C5 and
C6)Blood Supply Suprascapular and circumflex
scapular arteries
Posterior Chest Wall
Levator ScapulaeOrigin Posterior tubercles of
transverse processes of C1 - C4 vertebrae
Insertion Superior part of medial border of scapula
Action Elevates scapula and tilts glenoid inferiorly by rotating scapula
Nerve Supply Dorsal scapular (C5) and cervical (C3 and C4) nerves
Blood Supply Dorsal scapular artery
Posterior Chest Wall
Latissimus DorsiOrigin Spinous processes of inferior 6
thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs, inferior angle of scapula
Insertion Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus
Action Extends, adducts, and internally rotates humerus; pulls body up toward arms during climbing
Nerve Supply Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, and C8)
Blood Supply Thoracodorsal artery
Anterior Chest Wall
Pectoralis MinorOrigin 3rd to 5th ribs near their costal
cartilagesInsertion Medial border and superior
surface of coracoid process of scapula
Action Stabilises scapula, pulls it inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall
Nerve Supply Medial pectoral nerves; (C8 and T1)
Blood Supply Pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk
Posterior Chest Wall
Rhomboid MinorOrigin Nuchal ligament and spinous
processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae;
Insertion Medial border of scapula adjacent to spine
Action Retracts and rotates scapula to move glenoid inferiorly; fixes scapula to thoracic wall
Nerve Supply Dorsal scapular nerve ( C4 and C5)
Blood Supply Dorsal scapular artery
Posterior Chest Wall
Rhomboid MajorOrigin Spinous processes of T2 - T5
vertebraeInsertion Medial border of scapulaAction Retracts and rotates scapula to
move glenoid inferiorly; fixes scapula to thoracic wall
Nerve Supply Dorsal scapular nerve ( C4 and C5)
Blood Supply Dorsal scapular artery
Anterior Chest Wall
Serratus AnteriorOrigin Superolateral surfaces of
upper 8 or 9 ribs at the side of chest
Insertion Medial border of scapulaAction Pulls scapula forward and
upward; abducts and rotates it; stabilises medial border of scapula
Nerve Supply Long thoracic nerve (C5, C6, C7)
Blood Supply Circumflex scapular artery
SubscapularisOrigin Subscapular fossa of scapulaInsertion Lesser tuberosity of humerus
Action Internal rotation and adduction of the arm
Nerve Supply Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5, C6 and C7)
Blood Supply Subscapular artery
Anterior Chest Wall
Posterior Chest Wall
SupraspinatusOrigin Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion Superior facet on greater tuberosity of humerus
Action Abduction of armNerve Supply Suprascapular nerve (C4, C5
and C6)Blood Supply Suprascapular artery
TricepsOrigin Long head: infraglenoid
tubercle of scapula; Lateral head: posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove; Medial head: posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove
Insertion Proximal end of olecranon process of ulna and fascia of forearm
Action Extends forearmNerve Supply Radial nerve (C6, C7 and C8) Blood Supply Branches of deep brachial
artery
Posterior Arm
Posterior Chest Wall
Teres MajorOrigin Dorsal surface of inferior angle
of scapulaInsertion Medial lip of intertubercular
groove of humerusAction Adducts and internally rotates
armNerve Supply Lower subscapular nerve (C6
and C7)Blood Supply Subscapular and circumflex
scapular arteries
Posterior Chest Wall
Teres MinorOrigin Superior part of lateral border
of scapulaInsertion Inferior facet on greater
tuberosity of humerusAction External rotation of the armNerve Supply Axillary nerve (C5 and C6)Blood Supply Subscapular and circumflex
scapular arteries
Posterior Chest Wall
TrapeziusOrigin Medial third of superior nuchal
line; external occipital protruberance, nuchal ligament, and spinous processes of C7 - T12 vertebrae
Insertion Lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula
Action superior fibers elevate, middle fibers retract, and inferior fibers depress scapula
Nerve Supply Spinal root of accessory nerve (CN XI) (motor) and cervical nerves (C3 and C4) (pain and proprioception)
Blood Supply Transverse cervical artery