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Revision RecordCourse Code Product
Product
VersionCourse Version ISSUE
OEA01 LTE / 1.01
Developer/Modifier Time Approver New/Update
Dont Print This Page
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Yangmuguang 20090311 Mijia New
Liang Jie 20100411 Mijia Update
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LTE System
Overview
www.huawei.com
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Objectives Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe LTE development and features
Outline LTE network architecture
Explain LTE key technologies
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Describe LTE protocol and channel
Describe LTE deployment
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Contents1. LTE System Overview
2. LTE Key Technologies
3. LTE Protocol and Channels
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.
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Contents1. LTE System Overview
2. LTE Key Technologies
3. LTE Protocol and Channels
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.
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Contents1. LTE System Overview
1.1 LTE Development1.2 LTE Network Architecture
1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths
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3G Long Term Evolution--LTE
HSPA in R5/R6
LTE in R8
DL: ~14.4MbpsUL: ~5.76Mbps
DL: ~42MbpsUL: ~11Mbps
DL: ~141MbpsUL: ~50Mbps
HSPA+ in R7/R8~100 ms~100 ms
~150 ms~150 ms
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Year 2002 20042003 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 or later
3G-WCDMA inR99/R4
GPRS/EDGE
DL: ~384KbpsUL: ~384Kbps
DL: ~144-360KbpsUL: ~144-360Kbps
~70 ms~70 ms
~45 ms~45 ms
~20ms~20ms
LTE is the next step in the evolution of 3GPP Radio Interfaces to deliver GlobalMobile Broadband.
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Drivers for LTE There are at least three major key drivers for LTE mobile
broadband networks:
Demand for higher data-rates
increasing device capabilities, growing mobile data consumption
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Maintaining operator profitability while continued cost reduction and
competitiveness.
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Contents1. LTE System Overview
1.1 LTE Development1.2 LTE Network Architecture
1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths
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LTE Network Architecture E-UTRAN (Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
Network)
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LTE/SAE Network Architecture - cont.SGSN
GPRS
UMTS
MME
HSS PCRFBTS BSC/PCU
NodeB RNC
S6a
Gb
IuS3
S4
S9S10
User plane
Control plane
Operator ServiceNetwork
EPS (Evolved Packet System)
S6d
SAE
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E-UTRAN
cdma2000
Serving GW PDN GWeNodeB
S2a
S1-U
x
S5/8
S1-MME
S12S11
SGi
BTS
Internet
Corporate
Internet
PDSNBSC
A10/A11
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Contents1. LTE System Overview
1.1 LTE Development1.2 LTE Network Architecture
1.3 LTE Operating Bands and Channel Bandwidths
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LTE Operating Bands LTE supports both FDD mode and TDD mode.
3GPP defines many bands for LTE.
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LTE Channel Bandwidths LTE must support the international wireless market and
regional spectrum regulations and spectrum availability. To
this end the specifications include variable channel
bandwidths selectable from 1.4 to 20 MHz, with subcarrier
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spacing of 15 kHz.Channel bandwidth
BWChannel [MHz]1.4 3 5 10 15 20
Transmissionbandwidth
configuration NRB
6 15 25 50 75 100
NRB is the number of resourceblocks
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Contents1. LTE System Overview
2. LTE Key Technologies
3. LTE Protocol and Channels
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LTE Key Technologies
OFDMA: Orthogonal frequency division multiple access
SC-FDMA: Single carrier-frequency division multipleaccess
MIMO: Multiple input multiple output
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64QAM
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Multiple access technology in the
downlink: OFDM and OFDMA OFDMA is used as multiple access technology in downlink.
OFDMA is a variant of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM), a digital multi-carrier modulation scheme.
Sub-carriersFFT
5 MHz Bandwidth
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OFDM signal represented in frequency and time
Time
Symbols
Guard Intervals
Frequency
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Multiple access technology in the
downlink: OFDM and OFDMA (cont.) OFMDA incorporates elements of time division multiple access
(TDMA).
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Downlink OFDM Implementation
P/SIFFTS/Ps(t)Add
Cyclic
PrefixM M M
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n(t)
S/PFFTP/Sr
(t
)
Remove
Cyclic
Prefix
ransm tter
Receiver
Channel
M M
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Downlink OFDM Implementation (cont.)
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Multiple access technology in the uplink:
SC-FDMA The high peak-to-average ratio (PAR) associated with OFDM led
3GPP to look for a different transmission scheme for the LTE
uplink.
SC-FDMA is used in uplink as multiple access technology.
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Comparison of OFDMA and SC-FDMA
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Overview of MIMO MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
Wireless
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Transmitterece ver
Channel
N M
Channel Condition Feedback
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What can MIMO provide? Here is a example for 2*2 MIMO.
Wireless Channel
Data Stream 1
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ransm er ece ver
Channel Condition Feedback
Data Stream 2
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LTE Multiple Antenna Scheme In downlink LTE can use 2*2 or higher order MIMO to increase
date rate.
In uplink MU-MIMO (multi-user MIMO) can be used to double
uplink capacity.
-
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doubled.
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AMC & 64QAM
AMC, Adaptive Modulation and Coding
the radio-link data rate is controlled by adjusting the
modulation scheme and/or the channel coding rate
DL/UL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
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Contents1. LTE System Overview
2. LTE Key Technologies3. LTE Protocol and Channels
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Contents3. LTE Protocol Stacks and Channels
3.1 LTE Protocol Stacks
3.2 LTE Channels
3.3 LTE Radio Frame
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Functional Split between E UTRAN and
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Functional Split between E-UTRAN andEPC
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Functional Split between E UTRAN and
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Functional Split between E-UTRAN andEPC
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Radio Interface Protocol Architecture
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Radio Interface Protocol Architecture (cont.)
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User-plane protocol stack Control-plane protocol stack
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LTE Physical Channel DL
Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH)
Physical Control Format Indicator Channel (PCFICH) Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)
Physical Hybrid ARQ Indicator Channel (PHICH)
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Physical Multicast Channel (PMCH)
UL
Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH)
Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH)
Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH)
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LTE Transport Channel Physical layer transport channels offer information transfer to medium
access control (MAC) and higher layers
DL
Broadcast Channel (BCH)
Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH)
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Paging Channel (PCH)
Multicast Channel (MCH)
UL
Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH)
Random Access Channel (RACH)
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LTE Transport Channel Physical layer transport channels offer information transfer to medium
access control (MAC) and higher layers
DL
Broadcast Channel (BCH)
Downlink Shared Channel (DL-SCH)
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Paging Channel (PCH)
Multicast Channel (MCH)
UL
Uplink Shared Channel (UL-SCH)
Random Access Channel (RACH)
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LTE Logical Channel Logical channels are offered by the MAC layer
Control Channels: Control-plane information
Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
Paging Control Channel (PCCH)
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Multicast Control Channel (MCCH Dedicated Control Channel)
Common Control Channel (CCCH)
Traffic Channels: User-plane information
Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH): transmission of all uplink and non-
MBMS downlink user data
Multicast Traffic Channel (MTCH): transmission of MBMS services
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Channel Mappings
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Frame Structure FDD frame structure
TDD frame structure
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Resource Grid
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Bandwidth Configuration
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Contents
1. LTE System Overview
2. LTE Key Technologies
3. LTE Protocol and Channels
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LTE SAE
LTE Network Composition
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LTE Network Transport
eNB
SAE GW
/PDN GW
IP/EthernetNetwork
IP/EthernetNetwork
FE/GE
100/1000Base-T, RJ45 100Base-FX/1000Base-X,
SM or MM Fiber, SFP-based connector
IP
MAC
PHY
FE/GE o/e
FE/GE
RNC/BSC
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FE/GE
eNB eNB
eNB
FE/GE FE/GE
FE/GE
eNBegacy2G/3G
FE/GE
eNB Daisy-chaining with integrated IP switching
Co-transmission with legacy 2G/3G
eNB
FE/GE
BTS/Node B
Co-transmission for Multi-mode base station
S
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eNodeB 3900 Series
Modularization
RRU/RFU
BBU
eNB
1
2
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uniNodeB3
Platform
GSM/TD-SCDMA/WCDMA/CDMA/LTE Unified All-IP Base Station Architecture
Modularization
Using BBU plus RRU and RFU leads to a flexible configuration for Distributed and
Macro.
Multimode
Modularization Supports Different Modes
S th l ti t LTE
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Smooth evolution to LTE
LTE Card
LTE (100M/50M)LTE (100M/50M)
Same band Different band
GSM/HSPA(+)/LTE RRU LTE RRU
GSM / UMTS / HSPA(14.4M/5.76M) /HSPA+(28M/11.5M)
GSM / UMTS / HSPA(14.4M/5.76M) /HSPA+(28M/11.5M)
BBU
RRU Software upgrade
Adding LTE RRU
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Investment protection while evolving from GSM/UMTS to LTE
Radio units for GSM/UMTS and LTE are inter-changeable in the same frequency band
Baseband boards in multi-mode BBU are inter-changeable between GSM/UMTS and LTE
Same band Different band
GSM/HSPA(+)/LTE RFU LTE RFU
LTE CardCabinet-based Node B
BBU
Software upgrade
Adding LTE RFUBBU
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Summary
Standardization in the form of 3GPP Release 8
Support for both FDD and TDD.
Flexible spectrum allocation (1.4 ~ 20 MHz). IP-based flat network architecture
Multicarrier-based radio air interface
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OFDMA and SC-FDMA
Multi-input multi-output (MIMO)
Adaptive modulation and coding
DL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
UL modulations: QPSK, 16QAM, and 64QAM
ARQ within RLC sublayer and Hybrid ARQ within MAC sublayer
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LTE Standard Specifications
Freely downloadable from
http://www.3gpp.org/ftp/Specs/archive/36_series/
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Thank you. .