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SITI FURHANAH ULFAH ALI AKBAR

NUR INTAN BINTI ZAINAL

TATIANA EDDY TABAK

SEHA BANDU

Air Pollution

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Air pollution Gases and particles in the air that

are unhealthy for humans, plants

and animals. Air pollutants can also be

of primaryor secondarynature.

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Ones that are emitted directly into

the atmosphere by the sources

(such as power-generatingplants).

Primary nature

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Ones that are formed as a result

of reactions between primary

pollutants and other elements inthe atmosphere, such as ozone.

Secondary nature

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Possibly one of the most

important characteristics of airpollutants is their transboundarynature - they can easily travel and

affect the areas far away fromtheir points of origination.

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Types of Air Pollution

Sulfur Dioxide

Nitrogen OxidesCarbon Monoxide

Ammonia

Ozone

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Sulfur DioxideColorless gas

Suffocating odor that smellslike rotten eggs

Can irritate eyes, nose, and

lungs

Contained within Fossil Fuels

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Nitrogen Oxides Made by combustion of fossil

fuels and cars

There are two types of NitrogenOxide

Nitric oxide which is colorless Nitrogen dioxidewhich is a

reddish brown

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Carbon MonoxideHighly toxic gas

Colorless

Odorless

Tasteless

Caused by fossil fuelcombustion

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Ammonia Hazardous caustic

gas

Agriculture is themain source ofammonia mainly

just livestock

farming andanimal waste

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Ozone Colorless

Poisonous Gas Sharp, cold irritating odor

Can be found in the stratosphere where itoccurs naturally Can also be found in the troposphere where it

can be natural or from humans

Troposphere Ozone is a pollutant Stratosphere Ozone protects the earth by

keeping UV rays from hitting the earth

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Effect of air pollutionGlobal warming

Average increase of the earths temperature andTroposphere

Which helps the climate patterns (The weather) change

Can occur naturally and with help from human activities

Acid rain

When acid chemicals are swept into the air and intoareas where it raining and the acid falls to theground in the form of rain, snow, or fog

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Smog

Smoke and fog put together

Ozone depletion

This is when the Ozone starts to fadeaway because of the pollution so then theOzone doesnt protect the earth anymorefrom the UV rays

Cause by human activities

Causes Global Warming

Smog

Smoke and fog put together

Ozone depletion

This is when the Ozone starts to fadeaway because of the pollution so then theOzone doesnt protect the earth anymorefrom the UV rays

Cause by human activities

Causes Global Warming

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Control measuresOzone depletion Generally target nitrogen oxides(NOx) and volatile organic

compounds (VOCs), the primary contributors to ozone formation inthe troposphere.

Comprise a set of regulations that specify emission limits or controlequipment that are deemed to be reasonable control technology.

Acid rain Improvement in technologies and switching to clean combustion

technologies are highly essential.

Coal with lower sulphur content is desirable to use in thermal plants.Replacement of coal by natural gas would also reduce the problemsubstantially.

Installing scrubbers to reduce smoke stack emissions, thoughexpensive, would be economical compared to the losses due todamage done to lakes, forests, food production and so on.

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Global warming Choosing reusable products instead of

disposables

Smog

The need for policy arises, that is Clean AirAct and several government agencies tryingto abate such problems as smog.

In other words, regulations are enforced

against individual polluters based upon apolluter pay principle Controlling industrial emissions of the

precursors

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DefinitionACIDIC DEPOSITION

Arises when sulfuric and nitric acids mix

with other airborne particles and fall to theearth as dry or wet deposits.

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Anthropogenic sources

SO - Fossil-fuel burning primarily byelectric power plants.

No - Fossil-fuel burning primarily byelectric power plants and motor vehicles.

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Effects Ecological and forestry effects:

Acidification of surface waters.

Health effects:

Include respiratory and cardiovascularproblems.

Aesthetic effects:

Visibility impairment. Property effects:

Damage to buildings, statues, and

monuments

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Discourage auto use, reduce number ofcar.

Improve public transport.

Mandatory carpools.

Industrial & household control

Reduce emission- burn less fuel. Do not smoke.

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Air Pollution Case Study

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