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Mc-lc T aNc Vit Nam

Thng CThi iChng I HH ng BngChng II Nh ThcChng III X hi nc TuChng IV Nh Triu

Bc Thuc Thi iChng I Bc Thuc l n th nh tChng II Tr ng VngChng III Bc Thuc l n th haiChng IV Nh Ti n LChng V Bc Thuc l n th baChng VI K t quca thi i Bc Thuc

T ChThi iChng I Nh NgChng II NhinhChng III Nh Ti n LChng IV Nh LChng V Nh L (ti p theo)Chng VI Nh Tr n (Thi k th nh t)Chng VII Gic nh Nguyn - IChng VIII Gic nh Nguyn - IIChng IX Nh Tr n (Thi k th hai)Chng X Nh Tr n (Thi k th ba)Chng XI Nh H Chng XII Nh Hu Tr nChng XIII Thuc nh MinhChng XIV Mi nm nh qun Tu

Chng XV Nh L

T ChThi i (Thi k nam bc phn tranh) Chng I Lch Tri u lc k Chng II Nam tri u - Bc tri uChng III Trnh Nguyn phn tranhChng IV S chi n tranhChng V Cng vic hTrnh lmngoi BcChng VI Cng vic hNguyn lmmi n NamChng VII Ngi u chu sang nc NamChng VIII Vn trung suy ca cha NguynChng IX HTrnh m t nghip chaChng X Nh Hu L m t ngi vuaChng XI Nh Nguyn Ty SnChng XII Nguyn Vng nh t th ng nc Nam

Cn Kim Thi iChng I Nguyn-thTh T Chng II Thnh T Chng III Thnh T(ti p theo)Chng IV Hi n T Chng V D c TngChng VI Ch tnh th nc Vit Nam cu i i T cChng VII Nc Php l y Nam K Chng VIII Gic gi trong ncChng IX Qun nc Php l y Bc k l n th nh tChng X Tnh th nc Nam t nm Gip Tu t v sauChng XI Qun nc Php l y Bc k l n th haiChng XII Cuc bo hca nc PhpChng XIII Chi n tranh vi nc TuChng XIV Lon Trung k Chng XV Vic nh dp Trung k v Bc k Chng XVI Cng vic ca ngi Php ti Vit NamTng K t

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Nc Vit Nam

Nc Vit Nam1. Qu c Hiu2. VTr v Din Tch3. a Th 4. Chng Loi5. G c Tch6. Ngi Vit Nam7. S MMang BCi8. Lch S Vit Nam

1. Qu c Hiu. Nc Vit Nam ta v i H ng Bng (2897 - 258 trcTy lch) gi l Vn Lang,i Thc An Dng Vng (257 - 207 trc Tylch) th gi l u Lc. n nh T n (246 - 206 trc Ty lch) lc nh phanam tht lm Tng Qun, sau nh Hn (202 trc Ty lch - 220 sau Tylch) d t nh Triu, chia t Tng Qun ra lm ba qun l Giao Ch, C uChn v Nht Nam. n cu i i nhng Hn, vua Hi n i Giao Ch lm Giao Chu. Nhng li t l An Nam HPh.T khi nhinh (968 - 980) dp xong lon Thp Nh S Qun, lp nn mtnc t ch, i qu c hiu l i C Vit. Vua L Thnh Tngi l i

Vit, n i vua Anh Tng, nh T ng bn Tu mi cng nhn l An NamQu c.

n i vua Gia Long, th ng nh t c cNam Bc (1802), l y l rng Nam l An Nam, Vit l Vit Thng, mi t qu c hiu l Vit Nam.

Vua Minh Mnh li ci lmi Nam.

Qu c hiu nc ta thayi nhi u l n, tuy rng ngy nay ta vntheo thi quen dng hai ch An Nam, nh ng v hai ch y c ng phith n phc nc Tu, vy th ta nn nh t nh l y tn Vit Nam m gi ncnh.

2. V Tr v Din Tch.Nc Vit Namv phang nam chu -t -, hp b ngang, di b dc, hnh cong nh ch S, trn pha bc v dipha nam phnh rng ra, khc gi a mi n trung th eo hp li.

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Ph n I

Thng CThi i

CH NG IHH ng-Bng

(2879-258 trc Ty Lch)

1. HH ng Bng2. Nc Vn Lang3. Truyn c tch v i H ng Bng:

- Phng Thin Vng- Sn Tinh Thy Tinh

1. HH ng Bng. C theo tc truy n th vua Minh lchu bai ca vua Th n Nng,i tu n th phng nam n ni Ng L nh(thuc tnh H Nam by gi) gp mt nng tin, l y nhau, ra ngi contn l Lc Tc. Sau Minh truy n ngi li cho con trng l Nghi lmvua phng bc, v phong cho Lc Tc lm vua phng nam, x ng l KinhDng Vng, qu c hiu l Xch Qu.

B ci nc Xch Qu b y gi pha bc gip ng nh H (H Nam), pha nam gip nc H Tn (Chim Thnh), pha ty gip Ba Thc(T Xuyn), phang gip b Nam Hi.

Kinh Dng Vng lm vua nc Xch Quvo qung nm nhm tu t (2879trc Ty Lch ?) v l y con ging nh Qun l Long N ra SngLm, n i ngi lm vua, x ng l Lc Long Qun.

Lc Long Qun l y con gi vua Lai tn l u C, mt l n c mt

trm ngi con trai3

. Lc Long Qun bo u C rng: "Ta l dng di LongQun, nh ngi l dng di th n tin, n lu vi nhau khngc; nayc trm con th nh ngi em 50 a ln ni, cn 50 a ta em xu ngb Nam Hi".G c tch truyn ny c l l t Lc Long Qun v sau, nc Xch Quchia ranh ng nc gi l Bch Vit. Bi vy ngy nay t H Qung (tnh H Nam,tnh Qung ng v tnh Qung Ty) cn x ng l t Bch Vit. y cngl mt i u ni phng, ch khng c l y g lmch xcc.

3 C sch chp l u C ra mt trm ci tr ng n ra mt trm con.

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phng t-tin th t vua cho n th -dn u l y lm mt vic quan trngtrongi ngi.

Xem nh th , th x-hi nc Tu v i Tam-i vn minh lm,nh ng sau n cu i i nh Chu, v nh vua suy-nhc, cho nn ch h u,ngi x ng h u, k x ng vng r i tranh nhau,nh nhau nh Ng-BiXun-Thu, Th t-Hngi Chi n-Qu c, lm cho trm h l m than khs.

Sau nh T n th ng-nh t c thin-h, mi b lphong-ki n, lp raqun huyn; b php tnh i n, lp thin-mch; c m nho hc t sch v,vic chnh-tr th c t dng php-lut, l y quy n l c m p ch .

ang khi phong-tc nc Tu bi n ci nh th , th Triu lp ranc Nam-Vit (3), em vn-minh nc Tu sang truy n-bphng nam,cho nn t v sau ngi nc mnhu nhim ci vn-minh y.

CH NG IVNh Triu

(207-111 tr. Ty-lch)1. Triu V-Vng2. V-Vng th-phong nh Hn3. V-Vng x ng 4. V-Vng th n phc nh Hn5. Triu Vn-Vng6. Triu Minh-Vng7. Triu Ai-Vng8. Triu Dng-Vng

1. Triu V-Vng (207-137 tr. Ty-lch). Nm qu-t (207) Triu nh c An-dng-vng r i, sp-nhp nc u-lc voqun Nam-hi, lp thnh mt nc gi l Nam-Vit, t x ng lm vua, t c l

V-vng, ng Phin-ngung, g n thnh Qung-chu by gi.

2. V-Vng th-phong nh Hn.Trong khi Triu V- Vng gy-d ng c-nghip Nam-Vit, th bn Tu, ng L u Bang tritc nh T n, dit c nh S, nh t-th ng thin h, r i ln ngi Hong- t c l vua Cao T nh Hn. Vua Cao-t th y Triu V-Vng c-lp phng nam, bn sai Lc Gisang phong cho V-Vng. B y gi l nm t-t (196 tr. Ty-lch), nm th 12 i vua V-Vng nh Triu, v nm th 11i vua Cao-tnh Hn.

V-Vng v n l ngi kiu-cng, c khng mu n phc nh Hn, n khi Lc Gi sang n ni, vo y t-ki n V-Vng, V-Vng ng i x pvnh trn, khng ng dy ti p. Lc Gi th y vy mi ni rng: "Nh vua lngi nc Tu , m mv thn thch c chu Chn-nh. Nay nh Hn lm vua thin h, sai s sang phong vng cho nh vua, n u nh vuakhng-c s -th n, khng lm l th-phong, Hn- t t l t c gin, hy-hoim mv gi t hi thn-thch ca nh vua, r i em qun ranh th nh vualm th no?" V-vng nghe li y vi-vng ng dy lm l t, r i cim ni rng: "Ti c thay ta khngc khi nghip nc Tu, ch khngth ta cng chng km g Hn- !"

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nc Nam-vit. Triu Vn-vng khng dm c binh-m ra ch ng c , sai s sang c u c u bn Hn-tri u.

Vua nh Hn sai Vng Khi v Hn-An-Qu c Hn n ni, bn btQu c-vng gi t i, a u np cho quan nh Hn, v xin hng. Mn-vit bnh r i vua nh Hn sai Trang Tr sang dTriu Vn-Vng vo ch u,nh ng mnh-th n xin ng i, bn cho thi t l Anh T i thay.

Anh T bn Hn-Tri u mi nm, n nm bnh-thn (125 tr. Tylch) vua Vn-vng m t th mi v n i ngi.

6. Triu Minh-Vng (125-113 tr. Ty lch). Anh T ln lm vua t c l Triu Minh-Vng , tr vc 12 nm.

Khi Anh T bn Hn c l y v l l C-th, c mt ngi contn l H ng. n khi v lm vua Nam-vit, Minh Vng lp C-th ln lmhong-hu v H ng lm Thi-t .

7. Triu Ai-Vng. Mu-thn (113 tr. Ty lch) Triu Minh- Vng m t, thi t H ng ln lm vua, t c l Triu Ai-Vng, tr-vc mtnm.

B y gi vua nh Hn cho An-qu c Thi u Qu sang dNam-Vit v ch u. Thi u Qu nguyn l tnh-nhn ca C-th lc trc, n khi sang Nam-

Vit gp nhau, li t thng vi nhau r i d-dnh Ai-vng em nc Nam-vit v dng nh Hn.

Khi C-th v Ai-vng nh v Hn-tri u, th c quan T -tng lL Gia, bi t r tnh-, can-ngn mi khngc, mi truy n hch i mini ni rng vua v C-thi-hu sp em nc dng cho nh Hn; r i L Gia

cng vi m y ngi i th n em qun c m-binh vo gi t s nh Hn, C-Th v Ai-Vng. on r i tn Ki n c ln lm vua. Ki n c l con trngca Minh-Vng ml ngi Nam-Vit lm vua.

8. Triu Dng-Vng. Ki n c ln lm vua, t c lDng-Vng. Dng-Vng mi ln lm vuac mt nm th vua V- nh Hn sai Phc-ba tng-qun l L- Bc- c v Dng Bc em 5o qun sangnh l y Nam-Vit. Quan Thi-ph L Gia ra ch ng c khngni, phi em Dng-Vng chy. Qun nh Hnui theo bt c, vuati u b hi c. Nm y l nm canh-ng (111 tr. Ty-lch), nc Nam b

ngi Tu chi m l y, ci l Giao-ch-b, chia ra lm 9 qun, v t quan cai-tr nh cc chu qun bn Tu vy.

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PH N IIBc-Thuc Thi-i(11 tr. Ty-lch-931 sau Ty-lch)

CH NG 1Bc-Thuc L n Th I

(111 tr. Ty-lch - 39 sau Ty-lch)1. Chnh-Tr nh Ty-Hn2. Tch Quang v Nhm Din

1. Chnh-Tr nh Ty-Hn. Nm canh ng (111 tr. Ty-lch) vua V- nh Hn sai L-Bc- c v Dng Bc sangnh nh Triu,l y nc Nam-vit r i ci l Giao-ch-b, v chia ra lm 9 qun, l nh ngqun ny:

1. Nam-hi: (Qung-ng)2. Thng-ng: (Qung-ty)3. U t-lm: (Qung-ty)4. Hp-ph : (Bc Vit v m y tnhpha Bc Trung-Vit)5. Giao-ch: (Bc Vit v m y tnhpha Bc Trung-Vit)6. C u-chn: (Bc Vit v m y tnhpha Bc Trung-Vit)7. Nht-nam: (Bc Vit v m y tnhpha Bc Trung-Vit)8. Chu-nhai: (o Hi-nam)9. m-nh : (o Hi-nam)

Mi qun c quan thi-th coi vic cai-tr trong qun v li c quanth -s gim st cc qun. trong qun Giao-ch th c nh ng lc tnghay lc h u vn c th tp gi -quy n cai tr cc b lc t a h nh ccquan langmn thng-du t Bc-Vit by gi.

Quan th -s trc tin l Thch i , ng phcai tr Long-uyn.C sch chp l ph tr tha y ng Lng-kh, thuc ph Thun-thnhby gi.

T i vua V- cho n h t i nh Ty-Hn khng th y s ni g n t Giao-ch n a. Mi n nm k -s u (nm 29 Ty lch) l nm Ki n-Vth 5 i vua Quang-v nh ng Hn th mi th y chp rng th -s Giao-ch l ng Nhng sai s v c ng nh Hn. Bi v khi Vng Mng cpngi nh Hn, bn ng-Nhng, Tch Quang vMc Giao ch gi chu

qun, khng chu phc Vng Mn. n khi vua Quang-V trung h ng ln,bn ng Nhng mi sai s v tri u c ng.

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2. Tch Quang v Nhm Din.V u th -k nh t chai ngi sang lm thi-th tr dn c nhn-chnh. Mt ngi tn l TCHQUANG lm thi-th Giao-ch, mt ngi tn l NHM DIN lm thi th

qun C u-chn.Tch Quang sang lm thi-th qun Giao-ch t i vua Bnh- nh

Ty Hn, vo qung nm th hai, th ba v th k nh t. Ngi h t lnglo vic khai-ha, dy dn l y i u l-ngh a, cho nn dn trong qun c nhi ungi knh phc.

Nhm DinC u-chnc 4 nm thc thng ch c v Tu ilm quan ch khc. Dn-s qun y i-m Nhm Din, lmn th. C

ngi vc nh quan thi-th cho nn sau sinh con ra, l y tn Nhm mt tn cho con t lng bi t n.

CH NG IITR NG-V NG

(40-43)1. Tr ng-Th khi binh2. M Vin sangnh Giao-ch

1. Tr ng-Th khi binh. Nm gip-ng (34) l nm Ki n-vth 10, vua Quang-v sai Tnh sang lm thi th qun Giao-ch.

T nh l ngi bo ngc, chnh tr tn c, ngi Giao-ch clng on gin lm. Nm canh-t (40) ngi y li gi t Thi Sch ngi qunChu-Din (phV nh tng, trc thuc v Sn Ty, nay thuc v tnh V nh-yn).

V Thi Sch l Tr ng-Trc con gi quan lc tng huyn M-linh(lng H-li, huyn Yn-lng, tnh Phc-yn) cng vi em gi l Tr ng-Nh,ni ln em qun v nh Tnh. Bn T nh phi chy tr n v qunNam Hi.

Lc b y gi nh ng qun C u-chn, Nht-nam v Hp-ph cng niln theo v vi hai b Tr ng-Th. Chng bao lu qun hai b h c 65thnh-tr. Hai b bn t x ng lm vua,ng M-linh, l chqu nh.

2. M-Vin sang nh Giao-Ch. Nm tn-s u (41) vuaQuan-v sai M Vin lm Phc-ba tng-qun, L u Long lm ph tngcng vi quan Lu-thuy n tng qun lon Ch sangnh Tr ng-vng.

M Vin l mt danh-tng nhng-Hn, lc b y gi ngoi 70tui, nh ng vn cn mnh, em quni men b ph r ng o ni lmng sang n Lng-bc, gp qun Tr ng-Vng hai bnnh nhau m ytrn11. Qun Tr ng-v ng l qun -hp khngng ni qun M Vin, t ng nh gic nhi u phen. Hai b rt qun v ngC m-kh ( phV nh-tng, tnh V nh-yn). M Vin ti n qun lnnh, qun hai b v tan c.Hai b chy v n x Ht-mn, thuc huyn Phc-lc (nay l huyn PhcTh tnh Sn-ty), th b c qu, bn gia mnh xu ng sng Ht-giang (ch

11 S chp rng Lng-bc l H -tyg n H-ni, nh ng c ngi bci bo khng.

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sngy ti p vo sng H ng-h) m t tn. B y gi l ngy m ng 6 thng2 nm qu -mo (43).

Nh ng tng ca hai b l bn Dng chy vo gi huyn C -phong thuc qun C u-chn. Sau M Vin em qun vonh, bn Dng u phi ra hng.

Hai b h Tr ng lm vuac 3 nm, nh ng l y ci ti-tr ngin b m d y c ngh a ln nh th , khi n cho vua ti nh Hn phi los, y cng ci ti ng thm v muni. n ngy nay c nhi u nilp n th hai b nghi-tc ci danh-ti ng hai ngi n anh-hng nc

Vit-nam ta12.

S -gia L vn H u ni rng: "Trung Trc, Tr ng Nh l n b niti ng nh l y c 65 thnh tr, lp qu c x ng vng dnh gi bn tay.Th m t cu i i nh Triu cho n i nh Ng hn mt nghn nm,ngi mnh c ci u b tay lm ti-t ngi Tu, m khng bi t x u-h vi hai ngi n-b hTr ng!"

12 Nay lng Ht-mn, huyn Phc-th, tnh Sn Ty vbi ng-nhn,g n H-ni cnthhai b, n ngy m ng 6 thng 2 th c hi .

CH NG IIIBc-Thuc L n Th II

(43-544)I . Nhng Hn

1. Chnh Tr nh ng Hn2. L Ti n v L C m3. SNhi p

II. i Tam Qu c

1. Nhng Ng2. B Triu (Triu thChinh)3. Nh Ng chia t Giao-chu

III. Nh T n1. Chnh-tr nh T n2. Nc Lm- p qu y nhiu Giao-chu

IV. Nam Bc-tri u1. Tnh th nc Tu2. Vic nh Lm- p3. S bi n lon t Giao-chu

I. Nhng-Hn (25-220)

1. Chnh-Tr nh ng-Hn.M Vin nh c Tr ng-vng em t Giao-ch v thuc nh Hn nh c, r i chnh n binh lng,em quni nh dp cc ni, i n u xy thnhp ly n y vbi n ci mi cch chnh tr trong cc chu qun. em ph-tr v ng M-linh13 v d ng cyng tr ch phn a gii, khc su ch : "ng tr chi t, Giao-ch dit." Ngh a l cyng trm th ngi Giao-chm t ni.

S chp rng ngi Giao-ch i qua li ch y, ai cng bvo chnct ng-trmt hn , cho nn v sau ch y thnh ra ni, phm t c, n by gikhng bi t ct ychno.

13 V cu i i ng Hn li di v Long Bin.

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Trongi Nam Bc Tri u, t Giao-chu khngc m y khi ynn, v quan Tu sang cai-tr c nhi u ngi th y bn Tu lon, cng mu ntm cch c-lp, bi vy quan li c gi t ln nhau.

i nh Lng li sai Tiu-T sang lm th s Giao-chu. Tiu T lmt ngi tn bo, lm cho lng ngi ai cng on gin. Bi vy ng LBn mi c chi m ni ln, lp ra nh Ti n L.

CH NG IVNh Ti n L

(544 - 602)1. L Nam 2. Triu Vit Vng3. Hu L Nam

1. L Nam (544-548). Nm Tn Du (541) l nm ing th 7 i vua V nh Lng, huyn Thi Bnh

16

c mt ngi tnl L Bn, ti kim vn v, th y nc mnh, trong th quan li Tu lm kh,ngoi th ngi Lm p cp ph, bn cng vi nh ng ngi ngh a dng niln,nh ui Tiu T v Tu, r i chi m gi l y thnh Long Bin.

L Bn, c ngi gi l L B, v n dng di ngi Tu. T tin iTy Hn phi trnh lon chy sang Giao Chu, n lc b y gi l by i,thnh ra ngi bn x . Khi chi m gi c t Giao Chu r i, ng s a sangmi vic, nh lp nghip lu di. Qua nm Qu Hi (543) qun Lm p lisang ph qun Nht Nam, L Bn sai tng l Phm Tu vonhC u c(H T nh), ngi Lm p thua chy v nc.

Nm Gip T (544)i nh Lng bn Tu, ng L Bn t x ng lNam Vit , t qu c hiu l Vn Xun, nin hiu l Thin c, r i phongcho Triu Tc lm thi ph, Tinh Thi u lm tng vn, v Phm Tu l tngv.

Nm t S u (545) vua nh Lng sai Dng Phiu sang lm th s Giao Chu, v sai Tr n B Tinem qun sangnh Nam Vit. L Nam thua phi b thnh Long Bin chy v gi thnh Gia Ninh (huyn Yn Lng,tnh Phc Yn). Tr n B Tinem qun ln vy thnh Gia Ninh, L Nam chy v gi thnh Tn Xng, t c l t Phong Chu c thuc t nh V nh Ynby gi.

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C theo sch "Khmnh Vit S " th huyn Thi Bnh thuc v Phong Chu ngy trc, nay vo a ht tnh Sn Ty nh ng m khng r l chno, ch khng phi l phThi Bnh Sn Nam m by gi l tnh Thi Bnh.

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khng tm cch pht minh nh ng i u hay t t ra, ch inh rng ngi ta hnmnh, mnh ch bt chc ngi ta l.

a th nc mnh nh th , tnh ch t v s hc v n ca ngi mnhnh th , th ci trnh ti n ha ca mnh t t l phi chm chp v vic g

cng phi thua km ngi ta vy.

PH N III

T ChThi-i(Thi K Th ng Nh t)

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Nh S h l h l h d i kh S

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Nh ng S -qun y c nh ln nhau, lm cho dn-gian kh-s. Saunh c nginh bL nh Hoa-l em quni nh, mi dp xong ci lons -qun,em giang-sn li lm mt m i,v lp nn cnghip nh inh vy.

CH NG II

NHINH(968-980)1. inh Tin-hong2. inh Ph -

1. INH TIN-HONG (968-979). inh b L nh25 l ngi Hoa-l ng (huyn Gia-vin, tnh Ninh-bnh), con nginh cng Tr lmth -s Hoan-chu v i Dng din Ngh v i Ng-vng Quy n.inh cng Tr m t sm, BL nh theo m v qu , thng i chi vi tr chn tru-b, bt chng khoanh tay lm kiu ngh i cho chng rc, vli l y bng lau lm cby trn nh nhau. Trx y a no cng s, tnln lm anh. n lc khn-ln ln, dn lng y theo phc r t nhi u,nh ng sau v khng ha vi ch, cho nn BL nh cng vi con l Lin sangvi S -qun Tr n Minh-cngB -hi kh u (PhKi n-xng, Thi-bnh).

Tr n Minh-cng th y ngi khi-ng c ch-kh,em lng yu m n,cho c gi binh-quy n. n khi Tr n Minh-cng m t, inh bL nh emqun v gi Hoa-l , chiu m nh ng ngi ho-kit, hng c mt phng.Nm tn-hi (951) i Hu Ng-vng, Nam T n-vng v Thin-sch-vng em qun vonh khngc. n khi nh Ng m t r i, inhbL nh hngc S -qun Phm Phng-t, phc -dng ca cnhThc. T nh u c y, cho nn chng tn l Vn-thng-vng.Ch trong mt nm m vng binhc cc S -qun v lp thnh nghip .

Nm mu-thn (968) Vn-thng-vng ln ngi Hong- , t c l Tin-hong- , t qu c-hiu l i-c -vit, ng Hoa-l Tin-hong xycung-in, ch tri u-nghi,nh ph m-hm quan vn quan v, phong choNguyn Bc lm nh qu c cng, L Hon lm Thp-o tng-qun, vphong cho con linh Lin lm Nam-vit-vng.

25 C sch chp rng inh Tin Hong tn l Hon, ch khng phi l BL nh. BL nh l mttc quan ca Tr n Lm phong choinh Hon. Nh ng xt trong "Khmnh Vit S " v cchsch khc th th y chpinh BL nh ch khng th y inh Hon. Vy nay c theo sch Khmnh m chp.

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hong-t tranh nginh nhau trong by thng n khi Long Vit va mi CHNG IV

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hong-t tranh nginh nhau trong by thng. n khi Long Vit v a miln ngic ba ngy th b em l Long nh sai ngi vo cung gi t i, th 23 tui. S gi l L Trung-tng.

6. L LONGNH (1005-1009).Long nh l ngi bo-ngc,tnh hay chm gi t, c bng Kit, Trngy x a. Khi gi t anh r i, ln lmvua thng c l y s gi t ngi lm tr chi: c khi nh ng t phm phihnh, th bt l y rm t m d u qu n vo ngi r i t s ng; c khi bt ttro ln cy r i di sai ngi cht g c cho cy ; c khi b ngi vost r i em thxu ng sng. Lm nh ng i u c nh th th l y lm thchch. Mt hm l y ma ln u nh s m rc v, r i thnh-thong gitng nh tay b dao vou s chy mu ra, trng th y th lm vui ci.Cn khi ra bui ch u, c ai t u s i u g th cho nh ng thng h ni khi-hi hay l nhi ti ng lm tr.

Long nh lm vuac 2 nm i nin-hiu l Cnh-thy (1008-1009).Sang nm sau l nm k -du (1009) th m t, lm vuac 4 nm, th 24tui.

V lc s ng dm-dc qu , mc bnh khng ng i c, n bui ch u thc nm m th tri u, cho nn tc gi l Nga-tri u.

Long nh m t r i, con th b,nh-th n nhn dp tn L cng U n ln lmvua, khai sng nn c-nghip nh L.

Nh Ti n-L lm vuac 3 i, cthy c 29 nm.

CH NG IVNH L (1010-1225)

I. L THI T 1. Thi-tkhi nghip2. Di v Thng-long thnh3. L y kinh Tam-tng4. Vic chnh-tr

II. L THI TNG1. L phng Hi u nh lon2. S nh dp3. Gic Nng4. nh Chim-thnh5. Vic chnh-tr

III. L THNH TNG1. Vic chnh-tr

2. L y t Chim-thnhIV. L NHN TNG1. -lan thi-phi2. Lo Thnh3. Vic s a-sang trong nc4. Vic nh nh T ng5. Nh T ng l y t Qung-nguyn6. nh Chim-thnh

I. L THI-T(1010-1028)Nin-hiu : Thun-thin

1. Thi-T khi nghip. L cng U n ngi lng C-php, naythuc v huyn ng-ngn, phT -sn, tnh Bc-ninh ( lngnh-bng clng vn thnh L).

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Nh L c cng lm cho nc Nam ta nnc mt nc cng-

thnh: ngoi thnh nc Tu, bnh nc Chim, trong th chnh- n vic CH NG VI

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g , , g v-b, s a-sang php-lut, xy v ng ci n n t -ch. V vua Cao-tng hoangchi, lm m t lng ngi, cho nn gic-gi ni ln, lon th n nhiu s . VuaHu-tng li nhu-nhc bvic chnh-tr, em giang-sn ph-thc cho ngi

con gi cnang th-di, khi n cho k gian-hngc nhn dp m l ygiang-sn nh L v lp ra c-nghip nh Tr n vy.

NH TR N(1225-1400)Thi k th nh t (1225-1293)

I. TR N THI TNG1. Tr n th 2. Vic nh-dp gic-gi3. Vic cai-tr

4. Vic thu -m5. Vic p-6. Vic hc-hnh7. Php-lut8. Quan-ch 9. Binh-ch 10. Vic nh Chim-thnh11. Qun Mng-cxm-phm t An-nam

II. TR N THNH TNG1. Vic chnh-tr 2. S giao-thip vi Mng-c

III. TR N NHN-TNG1. Vic chi n-tranh2. Vic vn-hc

I. TR N THI-TNG (1225-1258)Nin-hiu: Ki n-trung (1225-1237)Thin- ng chnh-bnh (1238-1350)

Nguyn-phong (1251-1258)

I. Tr n Th . Thng chp nm t-du (1225) Tr n Cnh ln lmvua, t c l Tr n Thi-Tng phong cho Tr n th lm Thi-s Th ng-qu chnh-qun chinh-tho-s . B y givua Thi-tng mi c 8 tui, vic g cngdo Tr n th c. Th tuy l mt ngi khng c hc-v n nh ng l

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T nh Nguyn vi nc Nam thng ha, khng c s tranhchi n n a.

CH NG IXNh Trn

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Nh Tr nThi K Th Hai ( 1293 - 1341 )

I. Tr n Anh Tng1. c Vua Anh Tng2. Tr n H ng o Vng m t3. Vic nh Ai Lao4. S Giao Thip Vi Chim Thnh

II. Tr n Minh TngIII. Tr n Hi n Tng

1. Gic Ng u H ng2. Gic Ai Lao

I. Tr n Anh Tng (1293-1314)Nin-hiu: H ng Long

1. c Vua Anh Tng.Thi t Tr n Thuyn ln ngi, t c lvua Anh Tng. Anh Tng lcu hay u ng ru v m thng hay ln ra ngoii

chi, c khi b v li phm n.

Mt hm u ng ru say n ni Nhn Tng Thng HongThin Trngv kinh, cc quanu ra n rc c, m vua vn nm ng. Thng Honggin lm, truy n xa gi lp t c v Thin Trng v hchi u cho bch quanphi v y hi ngh. Khi Anh Tng tnh ru, bi t thng hong v kinh, s hi qu, vi vng chy ra ngoi cung gp mt ngi hc tr tn lon Nh Hi, mn tho bi bi u dng ln t ti, r i cng vi Nh Hi xu ngthuy n i su t m n phThin Trng. Thng Hong xem bi u r i qu mng mt lc, v tha li cho Anh Tng. V n kinh s , Anh Tng choonNh Hi lm ng s trung tn, v t y khng u ng ru n a.T x a n nay vua An Nam vn c tc l y chm v r ng voi, nh ng

Anh Tng khng mu n theo tc ny. Mt hm Thng Hong bo Anh Tngrng: " Dng di nh mnh vn vmnh nh g c ngy x a, nay nh vua

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Xem vn t th hnh nh vic Minh Tng Thng Hongi nh Ai

Lao tht l h ng hch lm, nh ng c s th c th qun ta b y gi ch a rakhi ci, m gic Ai Lao th ch a tr c. Cn nh vic th t nc ChnLp v nc Tim La, v.v.... sang ch u, th thi t tng y l mt l i lmvn ca nh lm bia ni cho trn trng m thi ch cha chc hp

CH NG XNh Tr n - Thi K Th Ba ( 1341 - 1400 )

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vn ca nh lm bia ni cho trn trng m thi, ch ch a chc hpvi s th c.

Nm sau qun Ai Lao li sang cp p Nam Nhung (thuc huynTng Dng, tnh NghAn). Minh Tng thng hong li ng gi i nhl n n a. Ngi sai quan Kinh Lc i S tnh NghAn lon Nh Hi lm c ch qun. on Nh Hi khi qun lo hn y u, chc nh l t tc. n khiem qun n p Nam Nhung qua sng Ti t La, chng mayphi hm c sng m, b phc binh ca Lo ra nh, quan qun thuachy cxu ng sng, ch t u i nhi u lm. on Nh Hi cng ch t u i.

Xt ra nc Ai Lao sang qu y nhiu t An Nam t i vua NhnTng v vua Anh Tng. Quan qun phi i nh nhi u l n, nh ng l nno nh xong th cng ch yn c vi ba nm, r i gic li sangnhph. M quan qun ci nh th cng nh cho n ng sangn cp t mnh n a m thi, ch khng c lc nonh chi m gi t Lo c. Cl l ti t Lo nhi u r ng lm ni, phi sn lam thy chng, ng s xasi, vn ti kh nhc, cho nn qun ta khng c lu. Cn ngi Lo thh thuc ng s, quen phong th, ti n thoi ty tin; thng trn th h ti n lnnh, bi trn th h rt quni, mnh khng bi t u mui. Bith cho nn qun ta vn nh c gic m gic vn cn, thnh ra c phii nh mi.

Hi n Tng lm vua n nm tn t (1341) th m t, tr v c 13nm, th23 tui.

( )I. Tr n DTng

1. Vic chnh tr 2. Vic giao thip vi nc Tu3. Vic giao thip vi Chim Thnh4. Dng Nht L

II. Tr n NghTngIII. Tr n DuTng

1. Vic chnh tr

2. S thi c 3. Vic nh Chim ThnhIV. Tr n Ph

1. Chim Thnh sang ph Thng Long2. Tnh th nc Nam3. Nh Minh sch nhiu4. NghTng th t chnh5. L Qu Ly gi t Hin

V. Tr n Thun Tng1. Phm S n khi lon2. Ch B ng Nga t trn3. L Qu Ly chuyn quy n4. NghTng m t

VI. L Qu Ly m u s thonot1. Vic ti chnh2. Vic hc hnh3. Vic cai tr 4. Lp Ty5. S ph lp: Tr n Thi u

I. Tr n DTng (1341-1369)Nin-hiu: Thiu Phong (1341 - 1357)

i Tr ( 1358-1369)

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Ng u quan qun xa xi mi n th y voi shi, t c khc v tan. Vic xy ra nh vy, du bi s b t c d ca ngi trong nc cng l li cati. Nh ng bao nhiu nh ng qun v ng a bt c u phi thu dng t t , khng dm xm phm mt t g.

Dm xin hong thng ngy nay li theo nh li chi u ca vua Thi Tng

Vn Hong tm ly con chu hTrn ngh n ci lng thnh vo triucng trc nht ca t tin ti ngy xa m x ci ti to nh g niy

TBnh Ngi Co ny lm bng Hn Vn, l mt bn vn chngr t c gi tr trongi L. Nay theo nguyn vn trong tp Hong Vit VnTuy n m chp ra nh sau ny:

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Vn Hong , tm l y con chu hTr n, ngh n ci lng thnh vo tri uc ng trc nh t ca t tin ti ngy x a, m x ci ti to nh g ni y,khng bt phi ci pht nng bng ba ru, khi n cho tic n i nghip x nam, gi ch c tri u c ng.

Ti sai ngi thn tn mang t bi u tv a trnh ng n tn nhn mti ch n kinh s , nay li xintu nh ng danh s y"

Vua nh Minh b y gi l Tuyn Tng xem bi u bi t rng gi d i,

nh ng cng mu n nhn dp y thi vic binh, bn a t bi u cho qu nth n xem, mi ngi u xin ha. Minh sai quan LBThLang l L K a chi u sang phong cho Tr n Cao lm An Nam Qu c Vng, b ta B Chnh v trit qun v Tu.

n thng chp nm inh mi, Vng Thng theo li c vi Bnhnh Vng, em bbinh qua sng NhH, cn thy qun theo sau.

B y gi c ngi xui Vng rng: lc trc ngi Minh tn c lm,

nn em gi t c i. Vng ni rng: " Phc th bo on l ci thng tnhca mi ngi, nh ng ci bn tm ngi c nhn khng mu n gi t ngibao gi. V ngi ta hng m li cn gi t th khng hay. N u mnhmu n tha cn gin mt lc, m chu ci ti ng muni gi t k hng, thsao bng cho mun vn con ngi s ng m khi c ci m i tranh chi nv i sau, li ti ng thm l u truy n thin c trong s xanh".

Vng khng gi t ngi Minh li c p cho thy qun 500 chi cthuy n giao cho Phng Chnh v M K qun l nh; c p lng tho cho lc

qun giao cho Sn Th, Hong Phc qun l nh; cn 2 vn ngi ra hngv b bt th giao cho M Anh qun l nh em v Tu. Vng Thng thl nh bbinhi sau. Bnhnh Vng tin bit r t hu.

Gic Minh lc tc v bc, b y gimi tht l: Nam Qu c Sn H,Nam C ; nc Nam li c t chnh c.

23. TBnh Ngi Co. Bnhnh Vng dp xong gic Minhr i, sai ng Nguyn Tri lm tb co cho thin hbi t.

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CH NG XVNH L(1428-1788)

Thi K Thng Nht (1428 1527)

2. i-Vit thng-gim3. S bi n-lon

VIII. L Chiu Hong v L Cung Hong1. Gic Tr n Cao qu y-nhiu ng-2. Quan trong Tri u lm lon

3. Mc ng Dung chuyn quyn

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Thi-K Th ng-Nh t (1428-1527)I. L Thi T

1. Bnh-nh-vng ln ngi tn2. Vic hc-hnh3. Lut-l 4. Vic cai-tr 5. Php qun-i n6. Vic binh-lnh7. Cng th n b gi t

II. L Thi TngIII. L Nhn Tng

1. Cai-tr 2. Vic thu -l 3. Vic canh-nng4. Nh sinh-t 5. Vic s a phong-tc6. a-nc Nam7. i-Vit s -k8. Vic vn-hc9. Vic v-b

10. nh Chim-thnh11. nh Lo-qua12. nh B n-man13. Vic giao-thip vi Tu

V. L Hi n Tng VI. L Tc Tng v L Uy Mc VII. L Tng D c

1. Vic thu -m

3. Mc ng Dung chuyn quy nI. L Thi T( 1428 - 1433 )

Nin-hiu: Thun Thin

1. Bnhnh Vng Ln Ngi Tn.Bnh-nh-vng lL Li c cng dp gic Minh,em li giang-sn cho nc nh. Nh ng vtrc phi l y c lp con chu nh Tr n c u ha vi nh Minh, cho nn

phi tn Tr n Cao ln lm vua. Nay vic chi n-tranh xong, lng ngitheo v Bnh-nh-vng, m Tr n Cao cng bi t ch ng khng ai chomnh yn, bn tr n vo chu Ngc-Ma (thuc ph Tr n-ninh) nh ng b quan qunui bt c, em v bt phi u ng thu c c m ch t.

Tr n Cao ch t r i, Bnh-nh-vng ln ngi t c l vua Thi-t nhL, t qu c-hiu l i-Vit. Nm y l nm mu-thn, lch Ty l nm1428.

Vua Thi-t sai s sang c u phong bn Tu, nh ng m nh Minhkhng chu, bt phi tm con chu nh Tr n lp ln lm vua. S nhMinhi v hai ba l n, sau vua Thi-t bt cc quan vin v ph lo trongnc lm t khai rng con chu nh Tr n tht khng cn ai n a, v xinphong cho ngi l L Li lm vua nc Nam. Vua nh Minh th y vy mithun phong vng cho ngi.

T y l c 3 nm phi sang c ng nh Minh mt l n, m l n nocng phi c hai ngi bng vng gi l: "i thn kim nhn". C l l lcnh trn Chi-lng c gi t m t tng nh Minh l Liu Thng v LngMinh, cho nn phi c hai ngi bng vng th mng.

Vic c u phong v vic chu c ng nc Tu l vic th b t-c-d , vrng nc ta i vi nc Tu th ln nhkhc nhau nhi u lm; v li ncta mt mnh l-loi pha nam khng c vy-cnh no c, nh vy, n u mc khng-c , khng chu km mt t, th khng bao gi yn c. M dub ngoi mnh chu km nc Tu, nh ng k th c b trong vn t ch, ch

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Vy vn nh L phi lc trung-suy, nh ng cng- c vua Thi-t v

vua Thnh-tng lm cho lng ngi khng qun nh L, cho nn d u nhMc c cp ngi cng khngc lu b n, v v sau h Trnh tuy cchuyn-quy n nh ng cng ch gi ngi cha, ch khng dm cp ngi vua.

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PH N IV

T ChThi-iThi K Nam Bc Phn Tranh

( 1528 - 1802 )

NH H U LThi-k phn tranh

(1533-1788)

CHNG I

I. NAM TRI U B C TRI UNAM TRI U B C TRI U

Thi TMc ng Dung(1527-1529)

Nin hiu: Minh- c

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CH NG ILch Tri u Lc K

1. Nam-tri u Bc tri u

2. Trnh Nguyn phn tranhNc Nam ta t khi Ng Vng Quy n nh ui c qun Nam-

Hn, vuainh Tin-hong dp yn c lon Thp-nh S -qun lp thnhmt nc t -ch, i nqua i kia k truy n c non 600 nm. n uthp-lc th -k , bi v vua nh L hoang dm v, bvic chnh-tr -nt,cho nn trong nc lon-lc, nh Mc nhn dp m lm s thon-ot. NhL tuy m t ngi, nh ng lng ngi cn tng nh n cng- c ca vuaThi-t v vua Thnh-tng, cho nn li theo ph con chu nh L trung-h ng ln pha nam, lp ra mt Tri u-nh ring vng Thanh-ha, ngh-an ch ng nhau vi nh Mc. y l thnh ra Nam-tri u v Bc-tri u; haibn nh nhau trong nm su mi nm tri.

n khi nh L nh c hTrnh gip rp, d t c nh Mc, tngl giang-sn li th ng-nh t nh c, ai ng hTrnh v hNguyn li sinh ralng ghen-ght, gy nn m i th-on, r i mi hhng-c mt phng, chianc ra lm hai mnh: hNguyn gi x Nam, hTrnh gi x Bc, mi h chi m-gi mt X lm c-nghip ring ca mnh. T giang-sn chiar, Nam Bc phn tranh, y l mt thi-i ring trong lch-s nc ta vy.

Nh Hu-L t khi trung-h ng ln, con-chu vn gi ngi lm vua,nh ng quy n chnh-tr chTrnh. Cnpha nam th t sng Linh-giangtr vo l c-nghip ca hNguyn. Tuy vy, hai h ch x ng cha, ch khng x ng vua, v b ngoi vn tn-ph nh L. Sau ny ta hy chp tmccci vua v cci cha cho r s k truy n. Cn nh ng cng-vicv thi b y gi th ta sbn ring rt ng mc cho r-rng.

L Trang Tng(1533-1548)

Nin hiu: Nguyn-ha

Trang-tng hy l Duy-Ninh,con r t vua Chiu-tng. ngNguyn Kim lp ngi ln lmvua t C m-chn (Lo), sau a ngi v Thanh-Ha, lphnh-in Vn-li.

Trang-tng lm vuac 16nm, th31 tui.

L Trung Tng(1548-1556)

Nin hiu: Thun-bnh

Trung-tng hy l Duy Huyn,con vua Trang-tng. Ngi lmvuac 8 nm, th28 tui.

Thi Tng Mc ng Doanh(1530-1540)

Nin hiu: i-chnh

Nh L trung-h ng ln Thanh-ha.

Hi n Tng Mc Phc Hi(1541-1546)

Nin hiu: Qung-ha

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L Th n Tng (1619-1643) (l n th nh t)Nin-hiu:

V nh-t(1620-1628) c-long (1629-1643)Dng-ha (1635-1643)

Th n-tng hy l Duy-K , con vua Knh-tng. Lm vua n nm qu-mi (1643) th nhng ngi cho Thi-t , m lmThi-thng-hong.

L Chn Tng (1634-1649) Nin-hiu: Phc-thi

Chn-tng hy l Duy-H u, con vua Th n-tng, lm vuac 6 nm, th20 tui.

Trong i ngi, vua nh Minh l Qu -vng ng Qung-ty sai s sang phong cho ngi l An-nam qu c-vng.

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TR NH

Trnh Tng m t nm qu-hi(1635).

Thanh VngTrnh Trng

(1623 - 1657)Mi u-hiu l:

Vn-tNgh-vng

Trnh Trng nh h Mc Cao-bng v khi s nh nhauvi h Nguyn t Qung-bnh.

NGUY N

ng Nguyn-phc Nguynch ng vi h Trnh Qung-bnh. M t nm t-hi (1635),th73 tui.

Nhn Qun CngNguyn Phc Lan

(1635-1648)

Truy tn l Th n-tng Hi u-chiu Hong- , ng thi gil cha Thng.

ng Nguyn-phc Lan l conth hai cha Si,nh nhau vihTrnhQung-bnh.

TR NH

Trnh Trngnh h Nguynpha nam.

NGUY N

ng Nguyn-phc Lan m tnm mu-t (1648), th48 tui.

Dng Qun CngNguyn Phc T n

(1648-1687)

Truy tn l Thi-tng Hi u-tri t Hong- , ng thi gil cha Hi n.

ng Nguyn-phc T n nhnhau vi h Trnh t Ngh-an. L y t Chim-thnh lp raph Ninh-ha v ph Din-khnh (t c l t Khnh-haby gi).

L Th n Tng (1649-1662) (l n th hai)Nin-hiu: Khnh- c (1649-1652) - Thnh- c (1653-1657) - V nh-th (1658-1661) - Vn-khnh (1662)

Chn-tng m t khng c con. Trnh Trng li rc Th n-tng Thi-thng-hong v lm vua. L n th hai ny ngi lmvuac 13 nm th m t, th56 tui.

TR NH

Trnh Trng m t nm inh-du (1657)

Ty Vng Trnh Tc(1657-1682)Mi u-hiu:

Hong-tDng-vng

NGUY N

Nguyn-phc T n (ChaHi n)

TR NH

Trnh Tc

NGUY N

Nguyn-phc T n (ChaHi n)

L Hi Tng ( 1676-1705)Nin-hiu: V nh-tr (1678-1680) - Chnh-ha (1680-1705)

Hi-tng hy l Duy-Hp, con th t vua Th n-tng. KhiThn-tng mt b Trnh-th mi c thaic bn thng Trnh

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Hong tDng vng

Trnh Tc nh con chu nhMc l y li t Cao-bng. tra l vo ch u vua khng ly,s t u khng vi t tn, v tging ng i bn t ngai vuang .

L HUY N-TNG (1663-1671)Nin-hiu: Cnh-tr

Huy n-tng hy l Duy-V, con th hai vua Th n-tng.Trongi ngi lm vua mi khi u thng s vi nh Thanh, vc m o Gia-t. Ngi lm vuac 9 nm, th18 tui.

TR NH

Trnh Tc

NGUY N

Nguyn phc T n (ChaHi n)

L Gia Tng (1672-1675)Nin-hiu:Dng- c (1672-1773) - c-nguyn (1674-1675)

Gia-tng hy l Duy-Hi, con th ba vua Th n-tng. Lcngi ln hai tui th Th n-tng m t, Trnh Tc em v nui trongph. Khi vua Huy n-tng m t, khng c con, Trnh Tc lp ngiln lm vua,c 4 nm, th c 15 tui.

Th n tng m t, b Trnh th mi c thaic b n thng, TrnhTc em v nui bn ph. Gia-tng m t khng c con, TrnhTc lp ln lm vuac 29 nm r i truy n ngi cho Thi-t mlm Thi-thng-hong.

TR NH

Trnh Tc m t nm nhm-tu t (1682)

nh Vng Trnh Cn(1682-1709)Mi u-hiu l:

NGUY N

Nguyn-phc T n m t nminh-mo (1687), th68 tui.

Hong Qu c CngNguyn Phc Trn

TR NH

Trnh Cn m t nm k -s u(1709).

An Vng

NGUY N

Nguyn-phc Chu m t nm t-t (1725), th51 tui, c 146ngi con.

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Chiu-tKhang-vng

Trnh Cn lm chac 28nm th m t, truy n ngi chacho chu huy n-tn l TrnhCng.

g y(1687 - 1691)

Truy tn l Anh-tng Hi u-ngh a Hong- , ng thi gil chaNgh a.

Lp ph Ph-xun l ch kinh- b y gi. M t nm tn-mi (1691), th43 tui.

TQu c CngNguyn Phc Chu

(1691 - 1725)

Truy tn l Hi n-tng Hi u-minh Hong- , ng thi gil Qu c-cha.

ng Nguyn-phc Chu l yh t nc Chim-thnh (nay l t Bnh-thun) v li l y tGia-nh, H-tin ca Chn-lp.

L DTng (1706-1729)Nin-hiu: V nh-thnh (1706-1719) - Bo-thi (1720-1729)

D-tng hy l Duy-ng, lm vuac 24 nm, b Trnh Cng bt phi truy n ngi cho Thi-t l Duy-Phng.M t nm tn-hi (1731), th52 tui.

gTrnh Cng

(1709 - 1729)Mi u-hiu l:

Hi-tNhn-vng.

M t nm k -du (1729). nh Qu c CngNguyn Phc Tr

(1725-1738)

Truy tn l Tc-tng Hi u-ninh Hong- m-mang tGia-nh, v bo-hnc Chn-lp.

L Duy Phng (1729-1732) Nin-hiu: V nh-khnh

Duy-phng lm vuac 3 nm, b Trnh Giang vu cho t thng vi v Trnh Cng, phi b, ging xu ng lm Hn- c-cng, r i n nm nhm-t (1732) th b gi t.

TR NH

NGUY N

L Tng (1735-1740)Nin-hiu: V nh-h u

-tng hy l Duy-Thn, con vua D-tng, Trnh Giang b con vua Thu n-tng m lp ngi.

Nm canh-thn (1740) Trnh Doanh bt ngi phi nhngngi cho con vua Thu n-tng, r i lm Thi-thng-hong, m tnm k -mo (1759), th41 tui.

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Trnh Cng m t.

Uy Nam VngTrnh Giang

(1729 - 1740)Mi u-hiu l:

D-tThun-vng

Trnh Giang lm cha xa-x vhung-c qu , gic-gi niln r t nhi u.

Nguyn-phc Tr.

L Thu n Tng (1732-1735)

Nin-hiu: Long- c Thu n-tng hy l Duy-Tng. Ngi l con vua D-tng,

trc c lp lm Thi-t , sau bTrnh Cng b lp Duy-Phng. Trnh Giang li bDuy-Phng lp ngi ln lm vua, m tnm t-mo (1735), th37 tui.

TR NH

Trnh Giang

NGUY N

Nguyn-phc Tr

TR NH

Trnh Giang b b nm canh-thn (1740), lm Thi-thng-vng. Em l Trnh Doanh lnthay.

Minh VngTrnh Doanh

(1740 - 1767)Mi u-hiu l:

Ngh-tn-vng

Trnh Doanhnh-dp gic-gi trong nc.

NGUY N

Nguyn-phc Tr m t nmmu-ng(1738), th43 tui.

V-VngNguyn Phc Khot

(1738 - 1765)

Truy tn lTh -tng Hi u-vHong- .

ng Nguyn-phc Khotnh Chn-lp m thm t Gia-nh.

L Hi n Tng (1740-1786) Nin-hiu: Cnh-h ng

Hi n-tng hy l Duy-Diu, con vua Thu n-tng. Lmvuac 46 nm, th70 tui.

TR NH

Trnh Doanh m t nm inh-hi (1767).

Tnh VngTrnh Sm

(1767 - 1782)Mi u-hiu l:Thnh-tThnh-vng

T h S d i

NGUY N

V-vng Nguyn-phcKhot x ng vng-hiu nm t-du (1765).

nh VngNguyn Phc Thu n(1765 - 1777)

T l Di Hi

TR NH

n VngTrnh B ng

Khi qun Ty-sn v Nam r i,ng h Trnh li lp TrnhB ng ln lm cha. Vua giNguyn h u Chnh ra nh h Trnh, Trnh B ng b i tu.

NGUY N

Nguyn-vng Nguyn-phc nh khi-phc t Gia-nh.

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Trnh Sm dp yn gic x Bc. L y t Thun-ha vQung-nam ca cha Nguyn.Nh ng v say-m nng ngth Hu, mi b con trng lpcon th , lm thnh ra ci m ibi n-lon. M t nm nhm-d n(1782).

Tn VngTrnh Cn

Lm chac 2 thng b qun Tam-phb i, lp anh lTrnh Khi ln lm cha.

oan Nam VngTrnh Khi

(1783 - 1786)

B Ty-sn bt c, phi t t nm bnh-ng(1786).

Truy tn l Diu-tng Hi u-nh Hong- .

i ngi lm cha b Trngphc Loan chuyn quy n.Qun Ty-sn ni lnnh phanam, qun h Trnh nh phabc.

Sau qun cha Trnh vo l ym t Ph-Xun, nh-vngchy vo Gia-nh b tngTy-sn l Nguyn vn Hugi tm t. Ngi th24 tui.

Nguyn VngNguyn Phc nh

T c l vua Th -tCao-hong- nh Nguyn khi binhGia-nh.

L Mn (1787-1788) Nin-hiu: Chiu-th ng

Mn- l chuch-tn vua Hi n-tng. Ngi b qun Ty-snnh thua chy sang Tu c u-c u, sau nh thua li tr sangTu, b quan Tu lm nhc, r i m t Yn-kinh.

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li nghe tin rng Trnh Cn i n Linh Giang phi bnh nng, Trnh Tc bnsai L Hi n li tr n thNghAn, L S Trit lm c ngH Trung gi cc ni y u l, l y sng Linh Giang, t c l sng Giang by gimphn gii hn Nam Bc, r i rt qun v Thng Long.

T Nm Bc thi vic chi n tranh, mi n khi Ty Sn khi binh,th hTrnh mi nhn dp vonh l y t Thun Ha.

K t nm inh mo (1627)i vua Th n Tng l n th nh t, nnm nhm t (1672)i vua Gia Tng, v a 45 nm, h Trnh, hNguynnh nhau c thy 7 l n. Trong b y nhiu l n, hNguyn ch ra nh h Trnh c mt l n, l y c 7 huyn pha nam sng Lam Giang, nh ng vcc tng hNguyn khngng lng vi nhau, cho nn li phi bv gi

CH NG V

Cng Vic HTrnh Lm

t Bc 1. Vic giao thip vi nh Thanh2. Vic l y t Cao Bng ca hMc

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t c.

Cn nh th l c binh lng th h Trnh mnh hn h Nguyn,nh ng ngi Bc phi i nh xa xi, vn ti kh khn, m ngi Nam th

nh t nh mnh, cn ly chc chn, tng s h t lng, cho nnthnh ra hai bn i ch ch khng lm gc nhau, ch kh cho nh ngdn s , phi s u dch v t v, v b tn ph thit hi r t nhi u.

3. Quan ch 4. Vic binh ch 5. Hnh lut

6. Thu inh, thu i n v s u dch7. Cc th thu 8. Schi thu9. Vic khai m 10. Vic c ti n11. S ong lng12. Vic in sch13. Vic hc hnh thi c 14. Trng hc v15. Lm qu c s 16. S nh dp gic gi trong nc: Gic Ngn gi;

Gic Ninh xa: Nguyn h u C u; Nguyn danhPhng; Hong cng Ch t; L duy Mt

1. Vic Giao Thip Vi Nh Thanh.Nm qu mo (1663),lc y nh Minh m t r i, vua nh Thanh c cho s sang d vua AnNam v tri u c ng. B y giTrnh Tc mi cho s em c ng l sang

Yn Kinh (t c l Bc Kinh) c u phong cho vua L. n nm inh mi(1667) vua Khang Hy nh Thanh sai s sang phong cho vua L lm AnNam Qu c Vng.T hai nc thng s vi nhau nh thng. V sau du c li thi v

nh ng vic gic cp v vic gii hn pha thng du, nh ng bao gi vua

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Trng l nh thy binh, L Vn Duyt v L Ch t l nh b binh, hai mt thybcng ti n.

Thng 6, th qun b sang sng Linh Giang ti n ln ng HTrung, qun thy vo c a Hi Th ng r i lnnh ph ccn ly ca TySn. Quan Tr n ThNghAn l Nguyn Vn Thn b thnh chy ra gi nTi n L Din Chu.

B y gi Tr n Quang Diu i ng Ai Lao ra n chu Qu Hp,xu ng huyn Hng Sn th y qun nh Nguyn l y c NghAn r i,bn cng vi Bi Th Xun v huyn Thanh Chng, bao nhiu qun s ub c, c m y hm hai v ch ng cng b bt. Cn V Vn Dng chy ra n Nng C ng cng b dn bt c em np.

Qun Nguyn Tri u ko trn ra l y Thanh Ha,i n u qun TySn ch a nh tan, ch trong mt thng ra n Thng Long.

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Vua Ty Sn th y th mnh khng ch ng gi c n a, bn cng vicc em l Nguyn Quang Thy, Nguyn Quang Thiu, v m y ngi b ti lbn c T, v Nguyn Vn T sang sng Nh H chy v pha Bc,nh ng ln n a ht Phng Nhn, b dn y bt c. Nguyn QuangThy t t , c T v v cng t vn. Cn vua ti nh Ty Sn m yngi u b ng ci em v np Thng Long.

Nh Ty Sn khi u t nm mu tu t (1778), Nguyn Nhc x ng Quy Nhn, n nm Nhm Tu t (1802), c thy c 24 nm. Nh ngNguyn Nhc ch lm vua t t Qung Nam, Qung Ngh a tr vo m thi,cn t Ph Xun tr ra, th thuc v nh L. n nm mu thn (1788), vuaQuang Trung x ng hiu, r i ra nh gic Thanh, l y li t Bc H, s ai vic chnh tr. T nc Nam mi thuc v nh Nguyn Ty Sn.

Vy k t nm mu thn (1788) n nm nhm tu t (1802) th nhTy Sn ch lm vuac c 14 nm m thi.

Trong b y nhiu nm phi nh nam dp bc lun, khng m y lcngh vic chi n tranh, cho nn nh Ty Sn khng s a sangc vic g. V sau khi vua Quang Trung m t r i, vua th hn, quan th nhng, chnh tr b nt, lng ngi on gin, ai cng mong mi c thi thnh tr ynnghip m lmn. Bi vy cho nn khi vua Th TCao Hong nh Nguync t qun ra Bc, lng ngi theo phc, chmt thng tri m bnhc tBc H, em giang sn v mt m i, nam bc mt nh, lm cho nc tathnh mt nc ln phng nam vy.

PH N V

Nh Nguyn(1802-1945)

CH NG ITh T (1802-1819)

Nin hiu: Gia Long

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Cn Kim Thi-i 26. Th Tx ng hiu27. Vic tri u chnh28. Binh ch 29. Vic ti chnh30. Cng v 31. Php lut32. Vic hc hnh33. Vic giao thip vi nc Tu34. Vic giao thip vi nc Chn Lp v nc Tim La35. Vic giao thip vi nc H ng Mao36. Vic giao thip vi nc Php Lang Ty37. S gi t hi cng th n38. Xt cng vic ca vua Thi T

1. Th Tx ng hiu. Th tkhi binh ch ng nhau vi Ty Sn t Gianh t nm mu tu t (1778), k v a 24 nm, mi d t c nhTy Sn, thu phc c giang sn c ca cha Nguyn khi x a v hp c nam bc li lm mt m i. Khi vic nh dp xong r i, ngi x ng hiu,t qu c hiu l Vit Nam,ng Kinh Ph Xun, t c l thnh Hu bygi.

Khi vua Th T l y c t Bc H r i, ngi xu ng ch tha cho dnmt v thu , v thng thng cho cc tng s . Ngi li phong tc cho con

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CH NG I

Thnh T (1820-1840)

Nin hiu: Minh Mnh 1. c vua Thnh T 2. Vic chnh tr trong nc3. Ni cc4. Cmt vin5. Tn nhn ph 6. Quan ch

7 t tng c tun phcc tnh8 Lng bng ca cc quan

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7. t tng c, tu n ph cc tnh8. Lng bng ca cc quan9. Ti n dng lim10. S hc hnh thi c 11. Sch v 12. Vic s a sang phong tc13. Nh dng t 14. Vic dinhi n v thu m15. Vic v b

1. c Vua Thnh T. Thng ging nm canh thn (1820),Hong Thi T hy lm ln ngi,t nin hiu l Minh Mnh.

Vua Thnh T l mt ng vua c t ch t minh mn, c tnh hi u hcv li hay lm; phm c vic g, ngi cng xem xt n, v c chu ph r imi c thi hnh.

Ngi tinh thm Nho hc, sngo Khng Mnh, cho nn khng ao mi, cho l mt t o l y tri thnh ra m lm m hoc lng dn. Bivy, ngi mi nghim c m v tr ng tr nh ng ngi theoo Gia T.

V sau c nhi u nh lm s , v ring m cho ngi l bo qun, ththi t tng i u y khng hp vi lcng bng.

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Tuy nh vua mu n l u v vic binh lnh, nh ng ngi mnh lc b y

gi ai cng trng vn khinh v, bnh nht khng c ai lo g n vic qunlnh kh gii. Hc lm s th mi r i ln. Du rng nh vua nay c ch d ra tp binh, mai c ch d ra tp trn mc lng, cc quan ch lm cho xongvic, r i li bmc bn qun i lm th no th lm. Thnh ra qun s trong ssch th nhi u, m th l c th vn khng: y li vua Thnh T m cn th , hu ng chi n nh ng i sau, li cn suy nhc hn n a.

CH NG III

Thnh T (1820-1840)

(ti p theo) 1. S gic gi2. Gic Bc k 3. Phan B Vnh4. L Duy Lng5. Nng Vn Vn6. Gic Nam K 7. n L Vn Duyt v L Ch t8. Gic Tim La

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9. Vic Ai Lao10. Vic Chn Lp11. Vic giao thip vi nh ng nc ngoi dng12. S c m o13. Vua Thnh Tm t

1. S Gic Gi.Vua Thnh T tht l h t lng lo vic chnh tr, i u gngi cng xem xt n, vic g ngi cng s a sang li, c mu n cho ncthnh dn giu, nh ng phi m y nm v sau, trong nc c lm gic gi,quan qun phi chinh nam pht bc, phi nh Tim, dp Lo, thnh ra dns khngc yn nghip m lm

Xt s gic gi v i vua Thnh T l doba lc t y u:

Mt l khi nh Nguyn th t th Nam, qun hTrnh thuaBc, nhNguyn Ty Sn cn phi lo vic trong nc, lc b y ginc Tim La nhnl y dp y m gi quy n bo h nc Chn Lp v hi p th cc nc tLo. n khi vua Th T nh t th ng nam bc, thanh th l ng ly, ncChn Lp li xin v th n phc nc Nam, v cc nc Ai Lao, Vn Tng,u sang tri u c ng nh Nguyn. T nc Tim La i vi nc Nam, b ngoi tuy khng ra mt c u ch, nh ng b trong ch tm cch m sinh s cp li ci quy n bo h Chn Lp v cc nc Lo. Bi vy cho nn

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ch c mt l n tp bn. Mi ngi ch c bn c 6 phtn m thi, haibn qu s y th phi b i thng.

Qun lnh nh th , binh kh nh th , m quan th li cho lnh v phng, mi i ch ch ng 20 tn ti ng m thi. Vy nn n khi cs , khng l y g m ch ng gi c.

CH NG VI

Ch v tnh th nc

Vit Nam n cu i iT c 1. Cch tch c chnh tr v x hi.2. B n hng dn3. S sinh hot ca ngi trong nc.

1. Cch TCh c Chnh Tr v X Hi. Nc Vit Nam tuy nil mt nc qun ch chuyn ch 157, nh ng theo ci tinh th n v cch t chc ca x hi th c nhiu ch rt hp vi ci tinh thn dn ch Nguyn

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ch c ca x hi th c nhi u ch r t hp vi ci tinh th n dn ch. NguynNho Gio l ci hc cn bn ca nc ta khi x a, m v ng th c t , thci hc y r t ch trng s tr nc. Tr nc th phi l y dn lm g c,ngh a l phi lo cho dnc sung tc, phi dy d dn cho bi t o l vmmang tr tuca dn. Nh ng vic quan trng nh th khng phi b t c ai cng lmc, t t l phi c nh ng ngi c c hnh, ti nng v uyquy n mi c th m ang c. Bi vy cho nn mi c n c vua c quan.

Vua: Theo ci l thuy t ca Nho Gio, th khi c qu n chng, l phi cqun. Qun l mt n v gi ci ch quy n chu h t thy cc trchnhim v s sinh hot v tnh mnh ca ton dn trong nc. Cin v ygi l hay l vng, c gi ci chquy n cnc. Ci chquy n yngi ta cn gi l ci th n kh, ngh a l mt vt thing ling do tri cho, t cl dn thun mi c gi . Ni rng nh ng ngi lm nh ng i u gian cbo ngc m cp l y chquy n th sao ? l s ti m ot ch khngphi l chnh ngh a. Ngay nh ng ngi lm lm vng m lm dngchquy n lm nh ng i u tn bo, th cng ch l ngi tn tc m thi,ch khng phi l tht bc bc vng n a.

157 Ta thng hi u m y ch qun chchuyn ch theo ci ngh a ca cc nc u Ty ngy nay,ch khng bi t m y ch y theo ci hc nho gio c nhi u chkhc nhau.

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S hai nc c bn i bn li mi khng xon, m bn Php th cnhi u ngi khng mu n tr li t Nam K . Cu i nm gip t (1864) quan

thng th Hi qun b l h u tc De Chasseloup Laubat dng s tu viPhp Hong nh t nh xin khng cho nc Nam chuc ba tnh. Php Hongnghe li y bn xu ng ch truy n c chi u thac nm nhm tu t (1862)m thi hnh.

Nm t s u (1865), quan thng th De Chasseloup Laubat mu nbi t r tnh th bn Vit Nam ny, bn gi thi u tng De La Grandire v hi ngh v sai hi qun thi u tng Roze sang thay. Thi u tng De laGrandire v Php c i ln v m t 7 thng, li tr sang kinh l vic Nam K .

Lc b y gi ba tnh ca Php thnh n p r i, thi u tng De laGrandirePhp sang quy t l y n t ba tnh pha ty. Li nhn t khitrc nc Php sang l y Nam K , ngi bn x thnh thong vn ni lnnh ph, qun Php dp mi khng yn. Cao Min li c tn s Pu k mB x ng l chu Nc ng Chn cng ni lnnh vua Norodom. Sy ph Si gn cho quan Vit Nam xui gic v gip nh ng ngi lm lon,bn s a son vic l y tnh V nh Long, tnh An Giang v tnh H Tin.

Hu tuy tri u nh cn c mong chuc li t ba tnh, nh ng vnbi t sy ph Si gn r i t t l y c ba tnh pha ty, cho nn nm bnhd (1866) li i Ph Th h Gi l ki h l k

c, em t m lng son st m bon n nc cho h t bn phn ngilm ti.

T t Nam k ton cnh thnh ra t thuc a ca Php, thu m, lut l, i u g cng do sy ph Si gn quy t nh c.

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d n (1866), li sai ng Phan Thanh Gin vo lm kinh lc s tm k ch ng gi .

bn Php, th t nm inh mo (1867), hi qun trung tngRigault de Genouilly ln lm thng th hi qun b162 ra s c gip thi utng De la Grandire cho xong vic. Bi vy sy ph Si gn ch i dp khi s .

Thng 6 nm inh mo (1867) l nm T c th 20, thi u tngDe la Grandire hi hn 1.000 qunMTho, r i nh ngy ko sang l y

V nh Long, An Giang v H Tin. ng Phan Thanh Gin bi t th khngch ng ni, bo cc quannh chu np thnh tr cho khi s tai hi, r i ngu ng thu c c m t tn, dn li con ci phi cy rung mn, ch khngc nhn quan ch c gNam K .

B y gi ng gi, ngoi 74 tui, lm quan tht l thanh lim,nh ng chng may gp phi khi nc c bi n, bi t th mnh khng lm g

162 Lc b y giHi qun bkim cThuc a b

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Ngy 27 thng ging nm gip-tu t (1874), l nm T - c th 27,hi-qun thi u-tng Dupr v ng L Tu n, ng Nguyn vn Tng k t ha-c c thy 22 khon, i-lc c nh ng khon ny l quan trng hnc.

Khon II. Quan th ng-l nh nc Php nhn quy n c-lp ca vua ncNam khng phi th n phc nc no n a, v khi no vua nc Nam c c n n vic g nh dp gic gi, th nc Php sn lng gip m khng

yu-c u i u g.Khon III. Vua nc Nam phi oan nhn y theo chnh-lc ngoi-giao canc Php, v chnh-lc ngoi-giao hin lc b y gi th no th phi nguyn nh th , khngc i khci

Quan th ng-l nh nc Php tng vua nc Nam:1. 5 chi c tu cmy-mc sng- ng2. 100 kh u sngi-bc, v mi kh u c 200 vinn3. 1000 kh u sng tay v 5000 vinn

Khon IV. Quan th ng-l nh nc Php h a cho quan sang gip vua ncNam dy tp lnh thy, lnh b; cho nh ng k -s sang dy lm mi vic,v cho nh ng ngi gii vic ti chnh sang t-ch c vic thu -m v vich h h

Khon XVI. Ngi nc Php v ngi ngoi qu c c i u g kin tng ti t Vit-nam, th do l nh-s Php phn-x .

Khon XX. Khi no t ha-c ny k xong, th quan th ng-l nh nc Phpt s -th n Hu chi u nh ng i u giao-c m thi hnh. Vua ncNam cng c quy n t s -th n Paris vSi-gn.

T ha-c y k xong, th quan chnh-s L Tu n m t, ngNguyn vn Tng v Hu . Thi u-tng Dupr giao mi vic Nam-k cho

hi-qun thi u-tng Krantz quy n l nh, r i v Php.Thng 6, Tri u-nh Hu li sai quan hnh-b Thng-th l

Nguyn vn Tng v quan li-b th-lang l Nguyn tng Don, vo Si-gncng vi thi u-tng Krantznh cc lv s bun-bn nc Nam. n20 thng 7, th t thng-c lp xong.

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thng-chnh v. v.

Khon V. Vua nc Nam phi thun nhng t t 6 tnh Nam-k chonc Php.

Khon IX. Vua nc Nam phi cho gio-s c t -do i ging-o, vcho dn trong nc c t -do theoo.

Khon XI. Vua nc Nam phi m c a Th-ni ( Qui-nhn ), ca Ninh-hi (Hi-phng ), thnh H-ni v sng H ng-h, cho ngoi qu c vo bun-bn.

Khon XIII. Nc Phpc quy n t l nh-s cc c a b v cc thnh-th m ra cho ngoi qu c vo bun-bn.

Khon XV. Ngi nc Php hay l ngi ngoi qu c, h c gi y thnghnh ca quan l nh-s Php v c ch quan Vit-nam ph nhn th cphpi xem cc ni trong nc.

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thin-h hay sao? S c-ao mong-mi nh th l ci ngh a v chung c chng-loi Vit-nam ta vy.

Nh ng Sch Son GiDng K C u

A. Sch Ch Nho V Ch Qu c Ng :1. i-Vit s -k, ca Ng S -Lin2. Khm-nh Vit-s Thng-gim cng-mc3. Tr n-tri u th -phhnh trng4. Bnh Nguyn cng-th n th c lc5. Hong L nh t th ng ch 6. Lch-tri u hi n-chng, ca Phan huy Ch7. i Nam th c lc ti n bin8. i Nam th c lc chnh bin9. i Nam th ng ch 10. i Nam chnh bin lit truyn11. i Nami n ltot-y u, ca vn Tm12. Minh-mnh chnh y u13. Qu c-tri u s tot-y u, ca Cao xun Dc14. Thanh-tri u s -k15. Trung-qu c lch-s 16. Hnh-Thc ca, ca b Nguyn nhc Th

B. Sch Ch Php :1. Cours d'Histoire Annamite, par Trng v nh K

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, p g 2. Notion d'Histoire d'Annam, par Maybon et Ruissier

3. Pays d'Annam, par E. Luro4. L'Empire d'Annam, par Gosselin5. Abrg de l'Histoire d'Annam, par Shreiner6. Histoire de la Cochinchine, par P.Cultru7. Les Origines du Tonkin, par J. Dupuis8. Le Tonkin de 1872 1886, par J. Dupuis9. La Vie de Monseigneur Puginier, par E. Louvet10. L'insurrection de Gia-nh, par J. Silvestre

(Revue Indochinoise - Juillet-Aout 1915)

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Vit Nam Bn Hnh Chnh 1. An Giang 20. G Cng 39. L ng Sn 58. Qu ng Nam2. An Xuyn 21. H ng 40. Lo Kay 59. Qu ng Ngi3. Ba Xuyn 22. H Giang 41. Long An 60. Qu ng Tn4. Bc Liu 23. H Nam 42. Long Khnh 61. Qu ng Tr 5. Bc Giang 24. H T nh 43. Nam nh 62. Qu ng Yn6. Bc K n 25. Hi Dng 44. Ninh Bnh 63. Sa c7. Bc Ninh 26. Hi Ninh 45. Ninh Thu n 64. S n La8. Bin Ha 27. H u Ngh a 46. Ngh An 65. Sn Ty

9. Bnh Dng 28. Ha Bnh 47. Phong Dinh 66. Ty Ninh10. Bnh nh 29. H ng Yn 48. Ph B n 67. Thi Bnh11. Bnh Long 30. Khnh Ha 49. Ph Th 68. Thi Nguyn12. Bnh Thun 31. Kin Giang 50. Ph Yn 69. Thanh Ha13. Bnh Tuy 32. Ki n An 51. Phc Yn 70. Th a Thin14. Cao Bng 33. Ki n Ha 52. Ph c Thnh 71. Tuyn c15 Chu c 34 Kin Phong 53 Ph c Tuy 72 Tuyn Quang

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15. Chu c 34. Ki n Phong 53. Ph c Tuy 72. Tuyn Quang16. Chng Thin 35. Ki n Tng 54. Ph c Long 73. V nh Bnh17. c Lc 36. Kontum 55. Pleiku 74. V nh Long18. nh Tng 37. Lai Chu 56. Qu ng Bnh 75. V nh Yn19. Gia nh 38. Lm ng 57. Qu ng c 76. Yn By

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hh t

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T H T H 884

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00 0

x l th d Ph p D th

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Vit Nam Nin Bi uNm Qu c Hiu Tri u i & TrV Bi n C Trung Hoa Qu c T

Phc Hi (-4480-4365)Th n Nng (-3220-3080) -3200 qu c Ai Cp

-2879 Xch Qu Kinh Dng Vng -Lc Tc l y Long N Hong (-2700-2600) -2800 Xy Kim T ThpAi CpLc Long Qun -Sng Lm l y u C

Vn Lang HH ng Bng 1. Hng Vng -Kinh Phong Chu -2500 Sa mc Sahara bt u hnh thnh2. Hng Hi n Vng (V nh Yn) Bc Phi3. Hng Qu c Vng Nghiu (-3259-2259)4. Hng Vit Vng -Tch Tr u Cau Thu n (-2256-2208)5. Hng Hi Vng H(-2205-1766) -1750 qu c BabylonTrungng6. Hng Huy Vng Tch Phng Thin Vng

Tch bnh d y bnh ch ng7. Hng Chiu Vng -u thi i ng8. Hng VVng -N n vn ha Phng Nguyn Thng (-1776-1122)9. Hngnh Vng V nh Ph (-1800-1400)

10. Hng Uy Vng -Tch qud a 11. Hng Trinh Vng12. Hng V Vng Chu (-1122-256) -1100 Ngi Phoenician chi m u th

13. Hng Anh Vng vnga Trung Hi14. Hng Triu Vng -776 Olympic tch c l n u tin15. Hng To Vng -N n vn hang Sn

ng bng sng H ng(-850-300)

Thi Xun Thu (-722-481)(T n, S, T , T n, T ng)Lo T (-604-523)Khng T (-551-479)

-753 Thnh ph La M thnh lp-721 qu c AssyrianTrungng-Pht Thch Ca (-624-544)-Cu i thi i ng

16. Hng Nghi Vng -500 qu c Ba T Trungng17. Hng DuVng18. Hng Tu n Vng -Tch Sn Tinh, Thy Tinh

-L ng TrngThi Chi n Qu c (-403-256). (T n, S, T , Yn,Triu Ngy v Hn)

-400 qu c Hy Lp-330 Alexanderi

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Triu, Ngy v Hn)

-Mnh T (-372-289)-257 u Lc Nh Thc An Dng Vng(Thc Phn)

-Xy thnh CLoa l kinh Phong Kh (Phc Yn)

-Tch Trng Thy-MChu -T n (-221-206)-207 Nam Vit Nh Triu Triu V Vng -Kinh Phin Ngung 214 Vn L Trng Thnh

(Triu ) (Qung Chu) -Ty Hn (-202 - 8)-137 Triu Vn Vng-125 Triu Minh Vng-113 Triu Ai Vng - T tng L Gia -"Conng La" chuyn chhng ha-112 Triu Dng Vng t Trung Hoa sang u Chu-111 Giao Ch Bc Thuc l n th I -27 qu c La Mu Chu

2 Tch Quang Vng Mn (9 - 23) -Jesus Christ (0-33)

Nm Qu c Hiu Tri u i & TrV Bi n C Trung Hoa Qu c T 30 Nhm Din - Ai cp tr thnh qun lca La M34 Tnh40 Tr ng N Vng -Tr ng Trc v Tr ng Nh

ni ln vng MLinh (Phc Yn)

ng Hn (25 - 220)

43 Giao Ch Bc Thuc l n th II -M Vin sang chi m li -70 La M tiu hy thnh Jesusalem, dn187 S Nhi p (187 - 226) Do Thi bt u l u lc khp ni203 Giao Chu Thi Tam Qu c (222-265)248 Triu ThChinh - v anh l Triu Qu c t

ni lnC u Chn(Ng, Ngy, Thc) -300 qu c MayanTrung M

-330 Thnh ph Constantinople lp ra-Gic Lm p (399-413) Nh T n (265-420) vc qu c La M di nNam/Bc T ng (420-447) -360-390 Nht xm lng i HnNh T (479-501) -370 Qun Hung N t Chu xm lng

504 Vn Xun Nh Ti n L Nh Lng (502-556) u Chu Ti n L Nam (L Bn -Kinh Long Bin (H Ni) Nh Ngy (534-557) -476 qu c La M tn

549 Triu Vit Vng Nh Bc Chu (557-581) -527 qu c ByzantineTrung u571 Hu L Nam Nh Tr n (557-587)602 Giao Chu

Bc Thuc l n th III Nh Ty (589-617) -Mohammad (H i Gio)Nhng (618-907) - qu c ArabTrungng

679 An Nam -711 Qun Thxm chi m Ty Ban Nha

722 Mai Hc -740 qu c MayanTrung M tn791 B Cii Vng -771 Charlemagne lp qu c Frankish(Phng H ng) u Chu

864 Cao Bi n (864-875) -793 Dn Vikingnh Anh v Php906 Khc Th a D Ng Qu Thi i -802 Vng qu c AngkorCampuchea908 Khc Ho 907-959 -900 qu c ToltecsTrung M 918 Khc Th a M(918-923) (Hu Lng 923-936931 Dng Din Ngh Hu ng 923-936938 Ki u Cng Tin Hu T n 936-947939 i Vit Nh Ng Ti n Ng Vng -Ng Quy n i ph qun Hu (Nam) Hn 947-950

(Ng Quyn) Nam Hn sng Bch ng Hu Chu 950-959 )

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(Ng Quy n) Nam Hn sng Bch ng Hu Chu 950 959 )

945 Dng Tam Kha Kinh CLoa (Phc Yn)950 Hu Ng Vng(Ng Xng Ngp & Vn) Nh T ng (960-1279)

965 Ng Xng X i C Vit Nhinh -Kinh Hoa L

968 inh Tin Hong (Ninh Bnh) -971i hc u tin ca th gii c979 inh Ph thnh lp ti Cairo, Ai Cp

i C Vit Nh Ti n L980 Li Hnh - L Hon ph T ng989 - 982nh v tiu hy993 kinh Chim Thnh

Nm Qu c Hiu Tri u i & TrV Bi n C Trung Hoa Qu c T 1005 L Trung Tng -1003 Dn Viking khm ph New1005 L Long nh Foundland v thm hi m Mchu1008

i C Vit Nh L1010 L Thi T - Di ra Thng Long1028 L Thi Tng (H Ni)1034 1039 1042 1044 1049 1054 i Vit L Thnh Tng1059 1066 -1066 Ngi Normans xm chi m Anh1068 1069 -L y t Chim Thnh m 1072 L Nhn Tng ra Qung Bnh & Qung Tr 1075 -L Thng Kit ph T ng1076 -Mkhoa thi tam trng u1085 tin tuy n nhn ti v

1092 lp Qu c T Gim -1096-1099 Cuc thp t chinhu tin1101 chi m li thnh Jerusalem1110 1120 1127 1128 L Th n Tng1133 1138 1140 1163 1174

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1176 L Cao Tng1186 -1187 Thp t qun l y li c thnh1202 Jesusalem1205 -1206 Gengis Khan ln ngii Hn1211 L HuTng -1211 qu c Mng C Mng C 1224 L Chiu Hong xm chi m Trung Hoa - qu c Aztecs thi t lp Mexico

i Vit Nh Tr n1225 Tr n Thi Tng1238 -1237 qu c Mng Cxm chi m Nga,1251 Hungary, v Ba Lan1257 -Qun Mng Cxm phm -1258 qu c Mng Cxm lng1258 Tr n Thnh Tng i Vit (L n th I) -1271 Marco Polo n Trungng

Nm Qu c Hiu Tri u i & TrV Bi n C Trung Hoa Qu c T 1273 Trung Hoa1279 Tr n Nhn Tng Nh Nguyn (1280-1341)1284 - Qun Nguynnh i-1285 Vit (L n th II)1287 - Qun Nguynnh i- -1291 Ch m d t Thp T Chinh1293 Tr n Anh Tng Vit (L n th III)1306 - Chim Thnh dng t1314 Tr n Minh Tng Th a Thin1324

1329 Tr n Hi n Tng -1333 5 triu ngi ch t -1377-1451 Chi n tranh Mt Trm Nm1341 Tr n DTng Trung Hoa v hn hn, gi a Anh v Php1358 lt li i km v dch1369 Dng Nht L Nh Minh (1368-1628) -1347-1353 Bnh Dch en tn ph u1370 Tr n NghTng Chu. 1/3 dn s b ch t1372 Tr n DuTng1377 Tr n Ph 1383 -Chim Thnh (Ch B ng1388 Tr n Thun Tng Nga)nh Thng Long1396 -H Qu Ly di vo1398 Tr n Thi u Ty (Thanh Ha)

i Ngu Nh H 1400 H Qu Ly1401 H Hn Thng -L y t Chim Thnh m ra1403 Qung Nam, Qung Ngh a

i Vit Nh Hu Tr n1407 Gin nh 1409 Tr n Qu Khoch (-1413)1413 An Nam Minh Thuc1418 -L Li khi binhLam Sn -1421 Bc Kinh tr thnh1427 i Vit Nh Hu L -Kinh Thng Long kinh ca Trung Hoa1428 L Thi T (L Li) (H Ni) -1438 qu c IncaPeru

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1434 L Thi Tng1440 -1453 qu c Thchi m1443

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1649 Th n Tng Thng Hong1663 Huy n Tng (V) * Khang Hi (nh Thanh) ln ngi 1672 Gia Tng (Hi) Trung Hoa (1661-1722)1676 Hi Tng (Hp)16791682 nh Vng (Cn)1687 Ngh a Vng (Trn) *1649 Nga bnh trng ti Pacific1691 Minh Vng (Chu) *1690 Nga bnh trng ti Hc Hi

Nm Nh Mc(H: Mc ...)

Hu L Trung H ng(H: L Duy ...)

Cha Trnh(H: Trnh ...)

Cha Nguyn(H: Nguyn Phc ...)

Nh Ty Sn(H: Nguyn ...)

Bi n C (Vit Nam, Trung Hoa, Qu c T )

1692 -Cha Nguyn l y h t t Chim Thnhvo n Bnh Thun

1698 - Cha Nguyn dng chi n thut "t m th c"di 60 nm l y t Cao Min lp ra 6 tnhmi n Nam

1706 DTng (ng)1709 An Vng (Cng)1725 Ninh Vng (Tr) * Ung Chnh (nh Thanh) ln ngi1729 L (Phng) Uy Nam Vng (Giang) Trung hoa (1723-1735)1732 Thu n Tng (Tng)1735 Tng (Thn) * Cn Long (nh Thanh) ln ngi 1738 V Vng (Khot) Trung Hoa (1736-1795)1740 Hi n Tng (Diu) Minh Vng (Doanh) *1760 Cnh mng k ngh ti Anh1765 nh Vng (Thu n) *1760 Thchi m h t vng Cn ng1767 Tnh Vng (Sm) *1765 Anh ki m sot n 1771 -Nguyn Nhc khi lnQuy Nhn1775 -Hong Ng Phc (Trnh) l y thnh

Ph Xun v Qung Nam. Cha1776 Tn Chnh Vng (Dng) Nguyn chy vo Gianh

1777 Nguyn Vng (nh) *1776 Cch mng ti Hoa K 1778 Thi c (Nhc) *1783 Hp chng qu c Hoa K 1782 Tn Vng (Cn) -Lon kiu binhThng Long1783 oan Nam Vng (Khi) -Hong T Cnh sang Php1786 Mn (K ) n Vng (B ng) -1784 Quang Trung ph qun Xim

v ra Bc d t nh Trnh 17861788 Quang Trung (Hu) -Quang Trungi ph qun Thanh

-Nguyn nhXim La v Gianh1789 * Cch mng Php 17891792 Cnh Thnh (Ton) * Gia Khnh (nh Thanh) ln ngi

Trung Hoa (1796-1821)

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Trung Hoa (1796 1821)1801 -Nguyn nh l y li Qui Nhn 1799

v Ph Xun 1801

Nm Qu c Hiu Tri u i & TrV Bi n C Trung Hoa Qu c T Vit Nam Nh Nguyn -Kinh Hu (Th a Thin *1799 Napoleon ln lm tng tiPhp

1802 Nguyn Th T - Ranh Bc H nh ng b nh biWaterloo nm 18851820 Nguyn Thnh T o Quang (1820-1851) Ch Qun ch c ti lp ti Php1826 - Gic Phan B Vnh ni ln

Namnh-1820 Anh ki m sot ton vng vnhBa t

1833 L Duy Lng khi binh Namnh. L Vn KhiGianh. Nng Vn VnBc

Vit

-1830 Php thi t lp thuc a Bc Phi

1834 - Gic Xim La18351838 i Nam

-Chi m Cao-min lp raTr n Ty Thnh

-1839 Chi n tranh mudch gi a Tu v Anh

-1840 Tn Ty Lan tr thnh thuc aca Anh

1841 Nguyn Hi n T -Lp li nc Cao-min1848 Nguyn D c Tng Hm Phong (1851-1862)

Lon H ng T Ton-1848 Cch mng ni ln khp ni ton u chu

1858 -Chi n thuy n Php v I-pha-nhonh Nng

-1854 Hoa K bt Nht phi mc agiao thng

1859 -Phpnh l y Gia-nh1861 -n K -ho th t th 1862 -Hac nhng 3 tnh

mi n ng Nam-Vit

-1861-65 Ni chi n Nam Bc ti Hoa K

-1867 Canadac lp1864 -Cao Min nhn cuc bo h -1868 Hin i ha ti Nht1867 -Php chi m 3 tnh mi n Ty,

Phan Thanh Gin t tn-1869 Kinho Suezc m -1870 Php tr thnh nc Cng Ha

1873 -Francis Garnier hthnh HNi. Nguyn Tri Phng t ti t.

1874 -Hoc trli Bc Vit1882 -Php h thnh H Ni.

Hong Diu t ti t.1883 Nguyn Cung Tng -Hac nhn cuc bo h

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Hip HoNguyn Gin Tng1884 Hm Nghi -Hoc Patentre1885 ng Khnh - Phong tro C n Vng1888 Thnh Thi -Vua Hm Nghi b bt1893 -Phannh Phng khi binh

H Tnh-1901 cc lp

1907 Duy Tn -1904 Phan Bi Chu lpDuy Tn Hi & phong trong Du

-1904-1905 Chi n tranh Nga-Nht.Nht ki m soti Hn-1907 Tn Ty Lanc lp

1911 (ng Kinh Ngh a Thc)

-1912 Phan Bi Chu lp VitNam Quang Phc Hi

* Cch mng 1911

Trung Hoa.Nm Dn Qu c th I

- I th chi n 1914-18

- qu c Thsp

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