Vishnu 2nd Sem

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    Presented By

    M.VISHNUVARDHAN

    11BT60R15

    Sandip B. Bankar et.al, Bioresource Technology 106 (2012) 110116

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    Biofuels are receiving increasing public and scientific attention, driven by factors such as

    uncertainties related to oil price, greenhouse gas emission, and the need for increased energy

    security and diversity.

    A very competitive biofuel for use in engines is butanol. Like ethanol, butanol is a biomass-

    based renewable fuel that can be produced by fermentation.

    Butanol has a 4-carbon structure and is amore complex alcohol than methanol and ethanol.

    butanol, like ethanol, can blend with gasoline very well. Furthermore, butanol could be a future

    option for blending with diesel.

    NOx emissions can also be reduced due to its higher heat of evaporation, which results even in

    a lower combustion temperature.

    The main disadvantage of butanol is its quite low production. Compared butanol yield by

    acetone butanol ethanol (ABE) fermentation to that of the yeast ethanol fermentation process, the

    yeast process yields of ethanol has a 1030 times higher production rate.

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    OBJECTIVE

    To increase the productivity of the solvent production by reduction in the butanol toxicity to

    the cells and increase in the substrate consumption by intermittent extraction of the solvents .

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    Fig: Fermentation pathway of the butanol employed by C. acetobutylicum

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    Materials:

    Micro organism : C. acetobutylicum B 5313.

    RCM medium.

    Production medium.

    Methods

    Organism, maintenance and inoculum preparation.

    Transferring into production medium.

    Two-stage chemostat integrated with liquidliquid extraction.

    Analytical methods

    Determination of substrates and products.

    Calculation of bioprocess parameters.

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    Reactor Setup

    Fig: Schematic diagram of the cstr integrated with intermediate solvent recovery system.

    1 = weighing balance,2 = feed tank, 3 = bioreactor 1 (R1),4 = cells immobilized in R1, 5 = sample port from R1, 6 =

    extraction vessel,7= broth and extractant mixture,8 = separation vessel, 9 = organic phase containing solvent and acids, 10

    = aqueous phase, 11 = outlet for extracted solvent/inlet for fresh extractant,12 = sample port from separation vessel, 13 =

    bioreactor 2 (R2), 14 = cells immobilized in R2, 15 = sample port from R2 and 16 = collection vessel.

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    Single stage continuous production ofABE:

    Fig: Product formation and substrate consumption in single-stage continuous culture ofC. acetobutylicum B 5313.

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    Fig :Overall product formation and substrate consumption in two-stage continuous culture of C. acetobutylicum B 5313 integratedwith liquid

    liquid extraction system.

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    Fig: Effect of dilution rate on glucose consumption with single stage continuous fermentation and two stage continuous extractive fermentation ofC. acetobutylicum B 5313

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    SUMMARY

    The present study mainly focuses on the optimization of the continuous acetone-butanol-

    ethanol production process using a two stage chemostat system integrated with liquid liquid

    extraction of the solvents produced in the first stage.

    Sugarcane bagasse was used as cell holding material and liquid liquid extraction process was

    done using the Oleyl alchol and decanol mixture.

    This solvent extraction minimized the product inhibition of the butanol, and enhancement of

    the glucose utilization.

    The subsequent results were found to be much higher than the traditional single stage

    fermentation systems. The concentration of solvent is obtained to be 25.32 g/l and theproductivity was observed to be 2.5 g/l.h

    Maximum glucose utilization of 83.21% at an overall dilution rate of 0.02 1/h was observed

    which was 28.83% higher than that of the single stage chemostat which was found to be 54.38%.

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    CONCLUSIONS

    The present study showed that removal of solvents from the system showed a considerableincrease in the solvent productivity due to the reduction in the toxicity of the butanol. this process

    may allow the use of high dilution rates and there fore reducing the process costs at industrial

    scale.

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    REFERENCES

    1. Chao jin et.al(2011) Progress in the production and application of n-butanol as a

    biofuel,Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews:15:40804106.

    2. Maddox, I.S., 1989. The acetonebutanolethanol fermentation: recent progress in

    technology. Biotechnol. Genet. Eng. Rev. 7, 189220.

    3. ShukIa, R., Kang, W., Sirkar, K.K., 1988. Toxicity of organic solvents to Clostridium

    acetobutylicum for extractive ABE fermentation. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 18, 315324.